TY - JOUR T1 - Use of knowledge bases and QSARs to estimate the relative ecological risk of agrichemicals: a problem formulation exercise. AN - 77894864; 8765904 AB - Ecological risk assessments can be used to establish the likelihood that an adverse effect will result from exposure to one or more chemicals. When evaluating contaminated sites with many chemicals present, risk assessors must grapple with the problem of quickly identifying the chemicals that are most likely to be of concern, based on effect and exposure assessment information. Many times data gaps exist and the risk assessor is left with decisions on which models to use to estimate the parameter of concern. In the present paper, a procedure is presented for ranking agrichemicals, utilizing the ASTER (ASsessment Tools for the Evaluation of Risk) system. The procedure was employed to rank the relative ecological risk of forty-nine pesticides historically used in agricultural sites in the Walnut Creek watershed near Ames, lowa, USA. Empirical data from the ASTER system were used when available in the associated databases, and quantitative structure-activity relationships and expert systems were invoked when data were lacking. Separate rankings were conducted based on major species taxonomic groupings. Resulting toxic effects thresholds were compared to surface water concentrations. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Russom, C L AU - Bradbury, S P AU - Carlson, A R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 83 EP - 95 VL - 4 IS - 2-3 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Agrochemicals KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Invertebrates -- drug effects KW - Algorithms KW - Vertebrates KW - Plants -- drug effects KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Risk Assessment KW - Information Systems KW - Agrochemicals -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Expert Systems KW - Water Pollution, Chemical KW - Agrochemicals -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77894864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Use+of+knowledge+bases+and+QSARs+to+estimate+the+relative+ecological+risk+of+agrichemicals%3A+a+problem+formulation+exercise.&rft.au=Russom%2C+C+L%3BBradbury%2C+S+P%3BCarlson%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Russom&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile on the peripheral structures of the rat visual system. AN - 77836218; 8584277 AB - Adult male Long-Evans rats received 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN; 400 mg/kg i.p.) and were killed one day after one dose, or one, three, seven, thirty-five, or seventy day(s) following 3 consecutive daily doses for histological analysis of the eye. Histological alterations in visual structures were not observed before one day after the third dose of IDPN. Somato-dendritic swelling of cells in the inner nuclear (IN) layer was seen prior to retinal detachment (1 day after cessation of dosing) followed by progressive retinal degeneration (35 and 70 days). IDPN exposure resulted in opacification of the cornea and vascular hemorrhaging into the subretinal space (3 days) followed by complete detachment of the retina (7 days). The corneal opacification was transient and resolved by 14 days post-treatment. The retina underwent complete spontaneous reattachment between 35 and 70 days after IDPN administration. A subsequent experiment was performed to characterize the dose-response of IDPN on retinal histology, 2 weeks after the last dose (0, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg x 3 days). In the dose-response experiment, retinal detachment and degeneration in the IN layer were only apparent in the 400 mg/kg dose group. However, increased GFAP immunoreactivity in the retina was observed in the 200 mg/kg dose group without overt retinal pathology. Results indicate that the corneal opacification, vascular hemorrhaging, and detached retinae recovered in a time-dependant manner, while neurodegeneration of the visual retina was progressive, even after the retina had reattached. The present study indicates that this toxicant may have direct effects on both neural and non-neural structures, and characterizes the time-course and dose-response of histopathological changes in the retina. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Barone, S AU - Herr, D W AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 451 EP - 467 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Nitriles KW - 0 KW - 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - 3XP1CVU865 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Nerve Degeneration -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Eye -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Eye -- ultrastructure KW - Male KW - Retina -- ultrastructure KW - Nitriles -- pharmacology KW - Retina -- drug effects KW - Visual Pathways -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77836218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile+on+the+peripheral+structures+of+the+rat+visual+system.&rft.au=Barone%2C+S%3BHerr%2C+D+W%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Barone&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-18 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Further development of a multifactor potency scheme for chemical carcinogens. AN - 77821103; 8925515 AB - This potency scheme expands a previously reported approach (Nesnow S. Mutat Res 1990; 239:83-115) and uses as its base dose potency measured as TD50. The TD50 is converted into an inverse log scale, a decile scale, and is adjusted by weighting factors that describe other parameters of carcinogenic potency. These factors include positive or negative weightings for: the induction of tumors at tissues or organs associated with high historical control tumor incidences; the induction of malignant tumors; the induction of tumors at multiple sites; the induction of tumors in both sexes of the species; and the induction of tumors in more than one species. To express the inactivity of chemicals towards the induction of cancer, the highest average daily dose (HADD) that did not induce a statistical increase in tumors was employed. HADD values were similarly converted to log decile units and adjusted by weighting factors according to lack of activity in both sexes of a species and the lack of activity in more than one species. Three ranking schemes were developed and applied to a 225-chemical data set obtained from the National Toxicology Program Technical Reports: the carcinogen potency-F344 rat; the carcinogen potency-B6C3F1 mouse; and the carcinogen potency-combined, a potency scheme based on selecting data from either the F344 rat or B6C3F1. JF - Cancer detection and prevention AU - Nesnow, S AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 465 EP - 471 VL - 19 IS - 6 SN - 0361-090X, 0361-090X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice KW - Decision Making KW - Male KW - Female KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77821103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+detection+and+prevention&rft.atitle=Further+development+of+a+multifactor+potency+scheme+for+chemical+carcinogens.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+detection+and+prevention&rft.issn=0361090X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-27 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectra in salmonella of chlorinated, chloraminated, or ozonated drinking water extracts: comparison to MX. AN - 77819674; 8575416 AB - Drinking water samples were prepared in a pilot-scale treatment plant by chlorination (Cl2), chloramination (NH2Cl), ozonation (O3), or O3 followed by Cl2 or NH2Cl; and the nonvolatile acidic organics of the raw and treated waters were extracted by XAD/ethyl acetate and evaluated for mutagenicity in Salmonella (-S9). The extracts were 2-8 times more mutagenic in TA100 than in TA98, and the mutagenic potencies of the water extracts ranked similarly in both strains: Cl2 > O3 + Cl2 > NH2Cl > O3 + NH2Cl > O3 > raw. 3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX), which was estimated to account for approximately 20% of the mutagenic activity of the extracts, was shown to be the most potent compound tested thus far in a prophage-induction assay in Escherichia coli and a forward-mutation assay in Salmonella TM677. The mutations in approximately 2,000 revertants of TA98 and TA100 induced by MX and the water extracts were analyzed by colony probe hybridization and polymerase chain reaction/DNA sequence analysis. The water extracts and MX produced similar mutation spectra, which consisted in TA100 of predominantly of GC-->TA transversions in the second position of the CCC (or GGG) target of the hisG46 allele. This spectrum resembles that produced by large aromatic compounds and is distinct from that produced by alkylating agents and the semivolatile drinking water mutagen dichloroacetic acid. In TA98, MX and those water extracts resulting from the introduction of the chlorine atom produced 50-70% hotspot 2-base deletions and 30-50% complex frameshifts (frameshifts with an adjacent base substitution--mostly GC-->TA transversions as found in TA100). No other compound or mixture is known to induce such high frequencies of complex frameshifts. These results suggest that MX and "MX-like" compounds (possibly halogenated aromatics, such as halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) account for much of the mutagenic activity and specificity of the nonvolatile organics in drinking water and that these halogenated organics are especially capable of promoting misincorporation by the DNA replication complex. This study provides further evidence that the mutation spectrum of a complex mixture reflects the dominance of one or a few classes of chemical mutagens within the mixture. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Abu-Shakra, A AU - Felton, C F AU - Patterson, K S AU - Shelton, M L AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 270 EP - 285 VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Chloramines KW - 0 KW - Furans KW - Mutagens KW - Chlorine KW - 4R7X1O2820 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone KW - 77439-76-0 KW - chloramine KW - KW8K411A1P KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Pilot Projects KW - Escherichia coli -- virology KW - Genes, Bacterial -- drug effects KW - Bacteriophages -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Alleles KW - Base Sequence KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Biotransformation KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Male KW - Furans -- pharmacology KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Ozone -- pharmacology KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Chlorine -- pharmacology KW - Mutagens -- pharmacology KW - Chloramines -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77819674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectra+in+salmonella+of+chlorinated%2C+chloraminated%2C+or+ozonated+drinking+water+extracts%3A+comparison+to+MX.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BAbu-Shakra%2C+A%3BFelton%2C+C+F%3BPatterson%2C+K+S%3BShelton%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. EPA regulatory perspectives on the use of QSAR for new and existing chemical evaluations. AN - 77789541; 8564854 AB - As testing is not required, ecotoxicity or fate data are available for approximately 5% of the approximately 2,300 new chemicals/year (26,000 + total) submitted to the US-EPA. The EPA's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT) regulatory program was forced to develop and rely upon QSARs to estimate the ecotoxicity and fate of most of the new chemicals evaluated for hazard and risk assessment. QSAR methods routinely result in ecotoxicity estimations of acute and chronic toxicity to fish, aquatic invertebrates, and algae, and in fate estimations of physical/chemical properties, degradation, and bioconcentration. The EPA's Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory of existing chemicals currently lists over 72,000 chemicals. Most existing chemicals also appear to have little or no ecotoxicity or fate data available and the OPPT new chemical QSAR methods now provide predictions and cross-checks of test data for the regulation of existing chemicals. Examples include the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI), the Design for the Environment (DfE), and the OECD/SIDS/HPV Programs. QSAR screening of the TSCA Inventory has prioritized thousands of existing chemicals for possible regulatory testing of: 1) persistent bioaccumulative chemicals, and 2) the high ecotoxicity of specific discrete organic chemicals. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Zeeman, M AU - Auer, C M AU - Clements, R G AU - Nabholz, J V AU - Boethling, R S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health and Environmental Review Division, Washington, D.C. 20460-0001, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 179 EP - 201 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Fishes KW - Invertebrates KW - Eukaryota KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77789541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=U.S.+EPA+regulatory+perspectives+on+the+use+of+QSAR+for+new+and+existing+chemical+evaluations.&rft.au=Zeeman%2C+M%3BAuer%2C+C+M%3BClements%2C+R+G%3BNabholz%2C+J+V%3BBoethling%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Zeeman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atrazine treatment potentiates excretion of mutagenic urine in 2,6-dinitrotoluene-treated Fischer 344 rats. AN - 77571524; 7556115 AB - Atrazine (ATZ), an s-triazine herbicide, is a widespread environmental contaminant. The hepatocarcinogenic component of technical grade dinitrotoluene, 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT, 19.5%), is a byproduct of trinitrotoluene synthesis and is found at production sites. This study explores the effect of ATZ treatment on the bioactivation of the promutagen, 2,6-DNT. Male Fischer 344 rats (5 weeks old) were administered 50 mg/kg of ATZ by gavage for 5 weeks. At 1, 3, and 5 weeks, both DMSO-control and ATZ-pretreated rats were treated p.o. with 75 mg/kg of 2,6-DNT and were housed in metabolism cages for urine collection. Sulfatase- and beta-glucuronidase-treated, concentrated urine was bioassayed for urinary mutagens in a microsuspension modification of the Salmonella assay with and without metabolic activation. No significant change in mutagen excretion was observed in ATZ-treated rats; however, an elevation in direct-acting urine mutagens from rats receiving ATZ and 2,6-DNT at weeks 1 (359 +/- 68 vs. 621 +/- 96 revertants/ml) and 5 (278 +/- 46 vs. 667 +/- 109 revertants/ml) of treatment was observed. The increase in production of urinary mutagens was accompanied by an elevation in small intestinal nitroreductase activity. Increases in large intestinal nitroreductase and beta-glucuronidase were observed after 5 weeks. There was no apparent effect of ATZ following 5 weeks of treatment on the production of 2,6-DNT-derived hepatic DNA adducts. ATZ treatment modifies intestinal enzymes responsible for promutagen bioactivation, and potentiates the excretion of mutagenic urine in 2,6-DNT-treated animals. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - George, S E AU - Chadwick, R W AU - Kohan, M J AU - Allison, J C AU - Warren, S H AU - Williams, R W AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 178 EP - 184 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - Herbicides KW - 2,6-dinitrotoluene KW - GG7FAV92MK KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide KW - YOW8V9698H KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Intestines -- drug effects KW - DNA Adducts -- drug effects KW - Biotransformation -- drug effects KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Intestines -- enzymology KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide -- administration & dosage KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Drug Synergism KW - Male KW - Mutation -- drug effects KW - Herbicides -- urine KW - Herbicides -- administration & dosage KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- urine KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- administration & dosage KW - Atrazine -- administration & dosage KW - Atrazine -- urine KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Herbicides -- toxicity KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- toxicity KW - Atrazine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77571524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Atrazine+treatment+potentiates+excretion+of+mutagenic+urine+in+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene-treated+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BChadwick%2C+R+W%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BWarren%2C+S+H%3BWilliams%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trimethyltin-induced neuropathy in the rat: interaction with thermoregulation. AN - 77562482; 7566691 AB - The enhanced production of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) by astroglia appears to be a general response of the CNS to many types of toxic insult. The organometallic neurotoxicant, trimethyltin (TMT), is one such agent known to increase the production of GFAP as a consequence of widespread neuronal destruction. TMT also leads to transient reductions in body temperature (Tb), a response which may alter the neurotoxic effects of this compound. To study the role of Tb in the neurotoxic effects of TMT, rats were injected (i.v.) with saline or 8.0 mg/kg TMT and maintained at ambient temperatures (Ta) of 16, 22, or 30 degrees C for 72 hr while Tb (core) was measured periodically. Animals were then housed at a Ta of 22 degrees C for 35 days after which time their brains were removed and dissected into hippocampus, cerebral cortex, striatum, midbrain and cerebellum for subsequent analysis of GFAP. TMT led to a significant decrease in Tb of rats housed at 22 degrees C measured 3 hr after treatment. Tb of rats maintained at Ta's of 16 and 30 degrees C was unaffected by TMT initially (i.e., no hypothermia); however, by 72 hr after TMT, rats maintained at 22 and 30 degrees C had a significantly elevated Tb. TMT led to marked elevations in GFAP levels, a response that was affected by Ta. In the hippocampus the elevation in GFAP was significantly greater in rats housed at 16 and 30 degrees C. A similar pattern was seen in the midbrain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Gordon, C J AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurobehavioral Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 319 EP - 326 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Trimethyltin Compounds KW - trimethyltin KW - 1631-73-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Temperature KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Nervous System Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Trimethyltin Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77562482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Trimethyltin-induced+neuropathy+in+the+rat%3A+interaction+with+thermoregulation.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defining neurotoxicity in a decision-making context. AN - 77561261; 7566695 AB - Neurotoxicity is one of several noncancer endpoints used by regulatory agencies in risk assessment. At the US EPA, neurotoxicity is defined as an adverse change in the structure and/or function of the central and/or peripheral nervous system measured at the neurochemical, behavioral, neurophysiological or anatomical levels. Adverse effects include alterations that diminish an organism's ability to survive, reproduce or adapt to the environment. Generally, a weight-of-evidence approach is used to evaluate observed effects. There is, for example, a high level of concern for persistent changes in the function or structure of the nervous system, while transient changes must be evaluated using further criteria. Compensatory changes resulting from cell death might represent activation of repair capacity and, since this could decrease future potential adaptability, reversibility is viewed with concern. In general, equal weight is given to chemicals that directly or indirectly affect the nervous system. Finally, effects on the nervous system must be compared to those on other organ systems to help rule out non-specific changes in neurobiological measures. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Tilson, H A AU - MacPhail, R C AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 363 EP - 375 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - Nervous System Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Decision Making KW - Legislation, Medical KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77561261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Defining+neurotoxicity+in+a+decision-making+context.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and testing of a whole-air sampler for measurement of personal exposure to volatile organic compounds. AN - 77492748; 7663152 AB - A small and relatively lightweight (3.35 kg) whole-air (canister) sampler that can be worn to monitor personal exposures to volatile organic compounds was developed and evaluated. The prototype personal whole-air sampler (PWAS) consists of a 1-l canister, a mass flow controller, two 1.3 amp hour batteries, a DC/DC converter, and an electronics module with a digital display for the sampling set point, actual flow rate, and battery voltage. The sampler (25.5 x 22.5 x 7.5 cm) fits into a laptop computer carrying case and is able to collect a 900 ml sample at a linear flow rate over 12-16 hours. Laboratory tests demonstrated that the sample flow rate was not affected by temperature or the activity of the person wearing the sampler. Recoveries of methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, benzene, n-octane, o-xylene, n-decane, and p-dichlorobenzene averaged 89% or better for three final prototype samplers. Recoveries were slightly lower for vinyl chloride (74%) and n-dodecane (82%). The precision for the three prototypes was excellent during laboratory tests with the coefficient of variation (CV) < 10% for all the test compounds. Although the unit was designed for use as a personal whole-air sampling system, it can also be used as an extremely compact microenvironmental whole-air sampler. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Whitaker, D A AU - Fortmann, R C AU - Lindstrom, A B AD - Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 89 EP - 100 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Equipment Design KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Hydrocarbons -- isolation & purification KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77492748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Development+and+testing+of+a+whole-air+sampler+for+measurement+of+personal+exposure+to+volatile+organic+compounds.&rft.au=Whitaker%2C+D+A%3BFortmann%2C+R+C%3BLindstrom%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Whitaker&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-12 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Perspective on appropriate dose levels for in vivo cytogenetics assays: Environmental Mutagen Society workshop (May 8, 1994). AN - 77382877; 7607187 JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Dearfield, K L Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 321 EP - 322 VL - 25 IS - 4 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Pest Control KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Cytogenetics -- trends UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77382877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Perspective+on+appropriate+dose+levels+for+in+vivo+cytogenetics+assays%3A+Environmental+Mutagen+Society+workshop+%28May+8%2C+1994%29.&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-14 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment of environmental chemicals. AN - 77360255; 7598498 AB - Risk assessment is an evolving process, based not only upon toxicology but also upon a broad background of knowledge in fields ranging from chemistry to physiology and molecular biology and from environmental transport processes to applied statistics. Risk assessment procedures must be continually updated to reflect advances in these basic sciences. This review addresses several areas of risk assessment that are receiving heightened attention, including neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and toxicokinetics and modeling. Risk assessors must work with the scientific community at large to incorporate advances in the basic sciences into their extrapolations. A concerted attempt to better define the variability and decrease the uncertainty of hazard estimates will result in more efficient protection of the public and the environment against toxic hazards. JF - Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology AU - Fan, A AU - Howd, R AU - Davis, B AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 341 EP - 368 VL - 35 SN - 0362-1642, 0362-1642 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Immune System -- drug effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- toxicity KW - Models, Biological KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77360255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+review+of+pharmacology+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+of+environmental+chemicals.&rft.au=Fan%2C+A%3BHowd%2C+R%3BDavis%2C+B&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+review+of+pharmacology+and+toxicology&rft.issn=03621642&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor air quality: research needs. AN - 77349935; 7792677 AB - Areas of research for which the author finds a need include source characterization, exposure assessment, health effects, risk assessment, and solutions that will prevent or mitigate pollution. Policies regarding radon are cited to provide examples of directions that other IAQ policies can follow. JF - Occupational medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) AU - Teichman, K Y AD - Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 217 EP - 227 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 0885-114X, 0885-114X KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Research KW - Radon -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77349935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.atitle=Indoor+air+quality%3A+research+needs.&rft.au=Teichman%2C+K+Y&rft.aulast=Teichman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.issn=0885114X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-25 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human exposure to environmental pollutants: a decade of experience. AN - 77239573; 7728623 JF - Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology AU - Wallace, L A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Reston, VA 22091, USA. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 4 EP - 9 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0954-7894, 0954-7894 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Female KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77239573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+and+experimental+allergy+%3A+journal+of+the+British+Society+for+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Human+exposure+to+environmental+pollutants%3A+a+decade+of+experience.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L+A&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+and+experimental+allergy+%3A+journal+of+the+British+Society+for+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.issn=09547894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Immunotoxicity--bridging the gap between animal research and human health effects. AN - 77209968; 7713335 JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Selgrade, M K AU - Cooper, K D AU - Devlin, R B AU - van Loveren, H AU - Biagini, R E AU - Luster, M I Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 13 EP - 21 VL - 24 IS - 1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Drug Hypersensitivity -- immunology KW - Immune Tolerance -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Mice, SCID KW - Risk Assessment KW - Immune System -- drug effects KW - Immune System -- radiation effects KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Toxicology -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77209968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Immunotoxicity--bridging+the+gap+between+animal+research+and+human+health+effects.&rft.au=Selgrade%2C+M+K%3BCooper%2C+K+D%3BDevlin%2C+R+B%3Bvan+Loveren%2C+H%3BBiagini%2C+R+E%3BLuster%2C+M+I&rft.aulast=Selgrade&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone adaptation in rats after chronic exposure to a simulated urban profile of ozone. AN - 77208784; 7713342 AB - Studies in both humans and rats have indicated that certain pulmonary responses induced by exposure to an acute provocative concentration of ozone (O3) will eventually attenuate if the exposure is repeated on a daily basis. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as O3 adaptation. Whether or not a "state" of adaptation develops due to long-term low level O3 exposure is unknown. Two human studies have reported adaptation in subjects living in Los Angeles during periods when ambient O3 concentrations have been relatively high. At present, however, we are not aware of comparable information from rats. This study assessed O3 adaptation in rats following chronic (12 or 18 months) exposure and after a 4-month recovery period. A chronic exposure pattern, similar to that found in an urban area during the summer (0.06 ppm O3 for 13 hr/day, 7 days/week; Monday-Friday, peak to 0.25 ppm O3, over 9 hr), was used. To assess whether adaptation had occurred and/or persisted, awake rats were challenged with high provocative concentrations of O3 for up to 2 hr. During a challenge, rats were monitored for typical O3-induced alterations in spontaneous breathing parameters (e.g., increase in breathing frequency and decrease in tidal volume). Adaptation was defined as attenuation of breathing response during the challenge in rats chronically exposed to O3 as compared to that in "control" rats (chronically exposed to air). Adaptation was found in the rats within 8 hr following the chronic O3 exposure but not after the 4-month recovery period. Spontaneous breathing parameters that were significantly attenuated in the chronically exposed rats were breathing frequency, tidal volume, inspiratory and expiratory times, and maximum expiratory flow. We conclude that rats demonstrated adaptation to O3 after long-term exposure to an urban-type O3 profile and that the adaptation was not seen 4 months postexposure. These results suggest that exposure to environmental O3 in Los Angeles air may have been responsible for the adaptation found in residential subjects. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Wiester, M J AU - Tepper, J S AU - Doerfler, D L AU - Costa, D L AD - Environmental Toxicology Division (MD-82), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 42 EP - 51 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Urban Health KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- physiology KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77208784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Ozone+adaptation+in+rats+after+chronic+exposure+to+a+simulated+urban+profile+of+ozone.&rft.au=Wiester%2C+M+J%3BTepper%2C+J+S%3BDoerfler%2C+D+L%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Wiester&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential carcinogenicity of chloral hydrate--a review. AN - 77187655; 7897749 AB - Chloral hydrate is commonly used to sedate children for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. The drug has been extensively used for many years, but there are remarkably few data on its long-term health effects. Concern in this regard is raised by recent studies showing chloral hydrate to be genotoxic, causing chromosome changes and other effects in vivo and in vitro. In addition, chloral hydrate is a reactive metabolite of trichloroethylene, a known carcinogen, and is structurally similar to other carcinogenic intermediates. Two carcinogenicity studies performed using the oral route of administration in mice indicate that the drug is potentially carcinogenic--in one case after a single dose lower than the typical dose used for sedation. Practitioners should be aware of chloral hydrate's genotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity. Discretion in its use seems appropriate until further studies clarify its long term health consequences. JF - Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology AU - Salmon, A G AU - Kizer, K W AU - Zeise, L AU - Jackson, R J AU - Smith, M T AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 115 EP - 121 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0731-3810, 0731-3810 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Chloral Hydrate KW - 418M5916WG KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Child KW - Chloral Hydrate -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Chloral Hydrate -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77187655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology.+Clinical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Potential+carcinogenicity+of+chloral+hydrate--a+review.&rft.au=Salmon%2C+A+G%3BKizer%2C+K+W%3BZeise%2C+L%3BJackson%2C+R+J%3BSmith%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Salmon&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology.+Clinical+toxicology&rft.issn=07313810&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-21 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Degradation of propanil by bacterial isolates and mixed populations from a pristine lake. AN - 77158526; 7874462 AB - The microbial transformation rates of propanil, a commonly used herbicide, were investigated using water from a pristine lake in northeast Georgia. Microbial degradation rates were measured using natural water microflora, the natural water microflora amended with five bacterial species (Aerobacter aerogenes, Aeromonas hydrophila, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Proteus mirabilis, and Aeromonas salmonicida) isolated from the same lake, and the five isolates individually. Transformation rate constants for propanil were compared for the mixed microbial assemblages and isolates at similar initial bacterial concentrations (approximately 5.0 x 10(-3) bacteria/mL). Degradation started within 60 hours and was completed by 160 hours in all experiments. The mean first-order rate constant for natural microflora was -(4.80 +/- 0.620) x 10(-3) h-1. Natural waters amended with the bacterial isolates yielded rate constants ranging from -(0.39 +/- 0.186) x 10(-3) h-1 to -(2.13 +/- 0.029) x 10(-3) h-1 with an overall mean of -(1.63 +/- 0.242) x 10(-3) h-1. After 660 hours following the first amendment of propanil, (i.e., 500 hours after propanil degradation was complete), each sample was again amended with propanil. Subsequent degradation rates ranged from -(21.3 +/- 0.186) x 10(-3) h-1 to -(64.2 +/- 0.786) x 10(-3) h-1 and the mean rate constant was -(37.5 +/- 0.922) x 10(-3) h-1. No significant differences were observed between first-order rate constants among isolates following the first or the second addition of propanil. After the second spike, however, the average of rate constants was approximately 20 times greater than that following the first spike. Rates for the individual isolates varied greatly from one isolate to another, ranging from virtually no degradation with A. calcoaceticus to -(21.6 +/- 0.332) x 10(-3) h-1 for the composite treatment of all isolates. JF - Chemosphere AU - Correa, I E AU - Steen, W C AD - Environmental Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605-2720. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 103 EP - 116 VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Propanil KW - 709-98-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Aeromonas -- metabolism KW - Enterobacter -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Acinetobacter -- metabolism KW - Proteus -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Fresh Water KW - Propanil -- metabolism KW - Water Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77158526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Degradation+of+propanil+by+bacterial+isolates+and+mixed+populations+from+a+pristine+lake.&rft.au=Correa%2C+I+E%3BSteen%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Correa&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytogenetic analyses of the in vitro and in vivo responses of murine cells to peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN). AN - 77128953; 7529361 AB - Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is one of a class of common air pollutant formed by the action of sunlight on volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides. PAN has been shown to be a bacterial mutagen. To determine if PAN can cause DNA damage in mammalian cells, we exposed murine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) to various volumes of PAN in vitro and analyzed the cells for chromosome aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), and DNA damage using the single cell gel (SCG) assay. At in vitro concentrations of PAN that were cytotoxic (inhibited cell division), an increase in DNA damage was noted in the SCG assay. At lower exposure levels that permitted cell division, no increases in SCEs, CAs, or DNA damage were evident. For in vivo studies, male mice were exposed nose-only by inhalation for 1 h to 0, 15, 39 or 78 ppm PAN, and their lung cells removed and cultured for the scoring of SCEs and CAs. In addition, PBLs and lung cells were analyzed by the SCG assay. No dose-related effects were found in any of the assays. These data indicate that PAN does not appear to be a potent clastogen or DNA damaging agent in mammalian cells in vivo or in vitro. JF - Mutation research AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Mottus, K AU - Erexson, G L AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 199 EP - 206 VL - 341 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Peracetic Acid KW - I6KPI2E1HD KW - peroxyacetyl nitrate KW - SQ8V0P4N89 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange KW - DNA Damage KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mice KW - Lymphocytes KW - Male KW - Peracetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Peracetic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77128953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Cytogenetic+analyses+of+the+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+responses+of+murine+cells+to+peroxyacetyl+nitrate+%28PAN%29.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BMottus%2C+K%3BErexson%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=341&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-08 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risks from radiation; efforts at educating the public AN - 52872101; 1996-022971 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Leslie, Bret W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 141 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - medical geology KW - radioactivity KW - junior high school KW - education KW - World Wide Web KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - K-12 education KW - curricula KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - computer networks KW - Internet KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52872101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Risks+from+radiation%3B+efforts+at+educating+the+public&rft.au=Leslie%2C+Bret+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Leslie&rft.aufirst=Bret&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer networks; curricula; education; Internet; junior high school; K-12 education; medical geology; radioactive waste; radioactivity; risk assessment; waste disposal; waste management; World Wide Web ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geographical information systems used to manage a Superfund site AN - 52865634; 1996-028838 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Davis, Ron AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 20 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - zinc KW - technology KW - medical geology KW - copper KW - lead KW - tin KW - waste management KW - computers KW - geographic information systems KW - workstations KW - particulate materials KW - heavy metals KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - soils KW - antimony KW - Virginia KW - three-dimensional models KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - Abex Site KW - Portsmouth Virginia KW - pollution KW - metals KW - information systems KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52865634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Geographical+information+systems+used+to+manage+a+Superfund+site&rft.au=Davis%2C+Ron%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Abex Site; antimony; Atlantic Coastal Plain; computers; copper; geographic information systems; heavy metals; information systems; lead; medical geology; metals; particulate materials; pollutants; pollution; Portsmouth Virginia; soils; Superfund; technology; three-dimensional models; tin; United States; Virginia; waste management; workstations; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple stable isotope tracing of the food web in a river dominated estuary, Apalachicola Bay, Florida AN - 52864905; 1996-028841 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Chanton, J P AU - Lewis, Graham AU - Coffin, Richard B AU - Hoch, Matthew AU - Kelley, Cheryl A AU - Dillion, Kevin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 20 EP - 21 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Franklin County Florida KW - isotopes KW - floodplains KW - plankton KW - Florida KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - sampling KW - carbon KW - Apalachicola Bay KW - tracers KW - particulate materials KW - estuarine environment KW - productivity KW - organic materials KW - N-15/N-14 KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - inorganic materials KW - organic compounds KW - S-34/S-32 KW - dissolved materials KW - fluvial features KW - sulfur KW - fluvial environment KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52864905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Multiple+stable+isotope+tracing+of+the+food+web+in+a+river+dominated+estuary%2C+Apalachicola+Bay%2C+Florida&rft.au=Chanton%2C+J+P%3BLewis%2C+Graham%3BCoffin%2C+Richard+B%3BHoch%2C+Matthew%3BKelley%2C+Cheryl+A%3BDillion%2C+Kevin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chanton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apalachicola Bay; C-13/C-12; carbon; dissolved materials; estuarine environment; floodplains; Florida; fluvial environment; fluvial features; Franklin County Florida; inorganic materials; isotope ratios; isotopes; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; organic compounds; organic materials; particulate materials; plankton; productivity; S-34/S-32; sampling; stable isotopes; sulfur; tracers; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamic evaluation of the geochemical behavior of chlorinated hydrocarbons in natural waters AN - 52855505; 1996-031201 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Haas, Johnson R AU - Shock, Everett L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 465 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52855505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Thermodynamic+evaluation+of+the+geochemical+behavior+of+chlorinated+hydrocarbons+in+natural+waters&rft.au=Haas%2C+Johnson+R%3BShock%2C+Everett+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Haas&rft.aufirst=Johnson&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; organic compounds; phase equilibria; pollutants; pollution; thermodynamic properties; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Composition and speciation of REE-bearing metasomatic fluids in the Adamello contact aureole (Italy) AN - 52833107; 1996-031058 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Giere, Reto AU - Haas, Johnson AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 437 EP - 438 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - Alps KW - fluid phase KW - Europe KW - metasomatism KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - Adamello Massif KW - contact metamorphism KW - Central Alps KW - phase equilibria KW - Lombardy Italy KW - Rhaetian Alps KW - rare earths KW - mineral assemblages KW - batholiths KW - trace elements KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - plutons KW - apatite KW - phosphates KW - metamorphism KW - intrusions KW - titanium KW - metals KW - aureoles KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52833107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Composition+and+speciation+of+REE-bearing+metasomatic+fluids+in+the+Adamello+contact+aureole+%28Italy%29&rft.au=Giere%2C+Reto%3BHaas%2C+Johnson%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Giere&rft.aufirst=Reto&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adamello Massif; Alps; apatite; aureoles; batholiths; Central Alps; chemical fractionation; contact metamorphism; Europe; fluid phase; geochemistry; intrusions; Italy; Lombardy Italy; metals; metamorphism; metasomatism; mineral assemblages; phase equilibria; phosphates; plutons; rare earths; Rhaetian Alps; Southern Europe; thermodynamic properties; titanium; trace elements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of dieldrin binding to dissolved organic material in sediment pore water using a reverse-phase separation technique AN - 52826800; 1996-058214 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Kosian, Patricia A AU - Hoke, Robert A AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Vandermeiden, Frances M Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 445 EP - 450 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - complexing KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - partitioning KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - organic carbon KW - dieldrin KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - insecticides KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - pesticides KW - regression analysis KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52826800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Determination+of+dieldrin+binding+to+dissolved+organic+material+in+sediment+pore+water+using+a+reverse-phase+separation+technique&rft.au=Kosian%2C+Patricia+A%3BHoke%2C+Robert+A%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T%3BVandermeiden%2C+Frances+M&rft.aulast=Kosian&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; colloidal materials; complexing; detection; dieldrin; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; insecticides; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; organochlorine pesticides; partitioning; pesticides; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; pore water; regression analysis; sediments; soils; solutes; statistical analysis; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground penetrating radar for the detection of liquid contaminants AN - 52824315; 1996-049473 AB - The significance of ground penetrating radar (GPR) as a tool to detect near-surface contaminants is illustrated at a site in the Midwest representing petroleum product above the water table. Tests show that ground penetrating radar may provide a means of mapping hydrocarbons in the vadose zone. Results of controlled surveys in a sand test pit at The Ohio State University demonstrate conclusively that there is a clear GPR anomaly over containers of diesel fuel and containers containing the host sand material saturated with diesel fuel. Comparisons of GPR data measured at different times of the year (summer, fall, and winter) at a gasoline spill site in northern Indiana shows direct information on layers and lenses in the vadose zone that tend to accumulate water during times of high moisture and subsequently lose the moisture during dry periods. GPR data collected in the winter over partially frozen ground provided measurements that were more sensitive to the presence of the gasoline than measurements that were made during the summer and fall. The relative propagation transparency of the near-surface zone for GPR measurements from winter data over fozen ground allowed detection of the water table that could not be confidently identified from two of the other data sets. Four important points can be concluded from a comparison of the four data sets: (1) the quality and repeatability of GPR measurements over a clean sand depends on the amount of moisture located in the unsaturated zone above the water table; (2) reflections from sedimentary features can be distinguished from reflections from percolating groundwater; (3) GPR measurements made during the dry month of August are nearly devoid of reflections above the gasoline product, indicating that the water in the unsaturated region may have been displaced by liquid gasoline, or by gasoline vapors; and (4) most importantly, these tests illustrate the resolving power and sensitivity of ground penetrating radar. JF - Journal of Applied Geophysics AU - Daniels, Jeffrey J AU - Roberts, Roger AU - Vendl, Mark A2 - Owen, T. E. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 195 EP - 207 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 33 IS - 1-3 SN - 0926-9851, 0926-9851 KW - soils KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - light nonaqueous phase liquids KW - petroleum products KW - dielectric constant KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - shallow depth KW - physical properties KW - electromagnetic methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52824315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Ground+penetrating+radar+for+the+detection+of+liquid+contaminants&rft.au=Daniels%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BRoberts%2C+Roger%3BVendl%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Daniels&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Geophysics&rft.issn=09269851&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09269851 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dielectric constant; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; light nonaqueous phase liquids; nonaqueous phase liquids; petroleum products; physical properties; pollution; radar methods; shallow depth; soils; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How the United States develops drinking water standards AN - 52818318; 1996-054086 JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Cook, Peter L A2 - Reichard, Eric G. A2 - Zapponi, Giovanni A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 299 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences, [Louvain] VL - 233 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - United States KW - safety KW - pollutants KW - water treatment KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52818318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=How+the+United+States+develops+drinking+water+standards&rft.au=Cook%2C+Peter+L&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=233&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=0947571698&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on Assessing and managing health risks from drinking water contamination; approaches and applications N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; ground water; pollutants; pollution; regulations; safety; United States; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ensuring drilling water quality through protection of the ground water resource; the Danish approach AN - 52818294; 1996-054085 JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Dalstrom, Kim M AU - Asp-Fuglsang, Inger AU - Bro-Rasmussen, Fin A2 - Reichard, Eric G. A2 - Zapponi, Giovanni A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 297 EP - 298 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences, [Louvain] VL - 233 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - wells KW - protection KW - water quality KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Scandinavia KW - filtration KW - water treatment KW - industrial waste KW - Denmark KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - nitrate ion KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52818294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=Ensuring+drilling+water+quality+through+protection+of+the+ground+water+resource%3B+the+Danish+approach&rft.au=Dalstrom%2C+Kim+M%3BAsp-Fuglsang%2C+Inger%3BBro-Rasmussen%2C+Fin&rft.aulast=Dalstrom&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=233&rft.issue=&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=0947571698&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on Assessing and managing health risks from drinking water contamination; approaches and applications N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Denmark; drinking water; Europe; filtration; ground water; industrial waste; nitrate ion; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; protection; regulations; remediation; Scandinavia; waste disposal; water quality; water resources; water treatment; water wells; wells; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - River salination due to dryland agriculture in the western Cape Province, Republic of South Africa AN - 52810156; 1996-074211 JF - Environment International AU - Fluegel, Wolfgang-Albert A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 679 EP - 686 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - salt-water intrusion KW - surface water KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - salinity KW - weathering KW - ground water KW - Berg River KW - Southern Africa KW - movement KW - Africa KW - South Africa KW - leaching KW - Cape Province South Africa KW - Cape Province region KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52810156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=River+salination+due+to+dryland+agriculture+in+the+western+Cape+Province%2C+Republic+of+South+Africa&rft.au=Fluegel%2C+Wolfgang-Albert&rft.aulast=Fluegel&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang-Albert&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; agriculture; Berg River; Cape Province region; Cape Province South Africa; ground water; leaching; movement; pollution; salinity; salt-water intrusion; South Africa; Southern Africa; surface water; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A geostatistical study of soil data from an irrigated vineyard near Waikerie, South Australia AN - 52809435; 1996-074214 JF - Environment International AU - Brooker, P I AU - Winchester, J P AU - Adams, A C Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 699 EP - 704 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - soils KW - Australasia KW - variance analysis KW - viticulture KW - statistical analysis KW - kriging KW - agriculture KW - geostatistics KW - semivariograms KW - irrigation KW - case studies KW - Australia KW - South Australia KW - Waikerie Australia KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52809435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=A+geostatistical+study+of+soil+data+from+an+irrigated+vineyard+near+Waikerie%2C+South+Australia&rft.au=Brooker%2C+P+I%3BWinchester%2C+J+P%3BAdams%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Brooker&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; Australasia; Australia; case studies; geostatistics; irrigation; kriging; semivariograms; soils; South Australia; statistical analysis; variance analysis; viticulture; Waikerie Australia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of one-dimensional multispecies transport experiments in laboratory soil columns AN - 52809405; 1996-074212 JF - Environment International AU - Bajracharya, K AU - Barry, D A A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 687 EP - 691 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - experimental studies KW - soil profiles KW - cation exchange capacity KW - steady flow KW - one-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - snow-plow effect KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - ion exchange KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52809405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+one-dimensional+multispecies+transport+experiments+in+laboratory+soil+columns&rft.au=Bajracharya%2C+K%3BBarry%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Bajracharya&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=687&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcium; cation exchange capacity; experimental studies; ion exchange; laboratory studies; magnesium; metals; numerical analysis; one-dimensional models; snow-plow effect; soil profiles; soils; solute transport; steady flow ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calibration of transmissivity in a confined aquifer via nonlinear least squares AN - 52808604; 1996-074217 JF - Environment International AU - Dietrich, C R AU - Braddock, R A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 717 EP - 721 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - transmissivity KW - movement KW - confined aquifers KW - statistical analysis KW - mathematical models KW - calibration KW - least-squares analysis KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52808604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Calibration+of+transmissivity+in+a+confined+aquifer+via+nonlinear+least+squares&rft.au=Dietrich%2C+C+R%3BBraddock%2C+R&rft.aulast=Dietrich&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=717&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; calibration; confined aquifers; ground water; least-squares analysis; mathematical models; movement; statistical analysis; transmissivity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International congress on modelling and simulation AN - 52808570; 1996-074210 JF - Environment International A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 475 EP - 758 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - water quality KW - symposia KW - mathematical models KW - water resources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52808570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=International+congress+on+modelling+and+simulation&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models; symposia; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constrained identification of the aggregated mixing zone model of solute transport in soil AN - 52807055; 1996-074219 JF - Environment International AU - Bidwell, V J A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 731 EP - 736 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - mathematical methods KW - theoretical models KW - soil aggregates KW - algorithms KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52807055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Constrained+identification+of+the+aggregated+mixing+zone+model+of+solute+transport+in+soil&rft.au=Bidwell%2C+V+J&rft.aulast=Bidwell&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; mathematical methods; soil aggregates; soils; solute transport; theoretical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling water flow in cropped soils; water uptake by plant roots AN - 52807021; 1996-074215 JF - Environment International AU - Janz, T C AU - Stonier, R J A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 705 EP - 709 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - soils KW - evaporation KW - Richards equation KW - infiltration KW - Darcy's law KW - water yield KW - movement KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52807021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Modeling+water+flow+in+cropped+soils%3B+water+uptake+by+plant+roots&rft.au=Janz%2C+T+C%3BStonier%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Janz&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Darcy's law; evaporation; ground water; infiltration; movement; Richards equation; soils; unsaturated zone; water yield ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Retained water in soil based on probabilistic pore structure AN - 52804819; 1996-074216 JF - Environment International AU - Nakao, T AU - Fujita, M AU - Nishimura, T AU - Kudo, M A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 711 EP - 716 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - soils KW - Darcy's law KW - movement KW - surface water KW - retention KW - unsaturated zone KW - theoretical models KW - water regimes KW - equations KW - pore water KW - particles KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52804819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Retained+water+in+soil+based+on+probabilistic+pore+structure&rft.au=Nakao%2C+T%3BFujita%2C+M%3BNishimura%2C+T%3BKudo%2C+M&rft.aulast=Nakao&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=711&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Darcy's law; equations; movement; particles; pore water; retention; soils; surface water; theoretical models; unsaturated zone; water regimes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The practicability of using Richards' equation for general purpose soil-water dynamics models AN - 52803846; 1996-074218 JF - Environment International AU - Short, David AU - Dawes, Warrick R AU - White, Ian A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 723 EP - 730 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - Richards equation KW - one-dimensional models KW - movement KW - surface water KW - water regimes KW - equations KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52803846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=The+practicability+of+using+Richards%27+equation+for+general+purpose+soil-water+dynamics+models&rft.au=Short%2C+David%3BDawes%2C+Warrick+R%3BWhite%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Short&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - equations; ground water; movement; numerical models; one-dimensional models; Richards equation; soils; surface water; water regimes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of the Rothamsted carbon turnover model to soils in degraded semi-arid land in New Zealand AN - 52803792; 1996-074213 JF - Environment International AU - Parshotam, A AU - Hewitt, A E A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 693 EP - 697 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - organic compounds KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - Australasia KW - carbon KW - semi-arid environment KW - Rothamsted model KW - organic carbon KW - New Zealand KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52803792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Application+of+the+Rothamsted+carbon+turnover+model+to+soils+in+degraded+semi-arid+land+in+New+Zealand&rft.au=Parshotam%2C+A%3BHewitt%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Parshotam&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=693&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; carbon; degradation; New Zealand; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; Rothamsted model; semi-arid environment; soils; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial utilization of vadose zone organic carbon for reductive declorination of tetrachloroethene AN - 52780166; 1996-080183 JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering AU - Lyon, William G AU - West, Candida C AU - Osborn, Michelle L AU - Sewell, Guy W Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1627 EP - 1639 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York, NY VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0360-1226, 0360-1226 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - landfills KW - unsaturated zone KW - techniques KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - saturated zone KW - decontamination KW - carbon KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - organic carbon KW - northwestern Michigan KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - Spodosols KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - Oklahoma KW - hydrocarbons KW - podzolization KW - trichloroethylene KW - Michigan KW - waste disposal KW - transformations KW - Podzols KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52780166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering&rft.atitle=Microbial+utilization+of+vadose+zone+organic+carbon+for+reductive+declorination+of+tetrachloroethene&rft.au=Lyon%2C+William+G%3BWest%2C+Candida+C%3BOsborn%2C+Michelle+L%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W&rft.aulast=Lyon&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering&rft.issn=03601226&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JESEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; carbon; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; landfills; leaking underground storage tanks; Michigan; microorganisms; northwestern Michigan; Oklahoma; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; podzolization; Podzols; pollutants; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; soil treatment; soils; Spodosols; techniques; tetrachloroethylene; transformations; trichloroethylene; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of groundwater impact due to migration of contaminants from vadose zone AN - 52766901; 1997-004524 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Navayogarajah, N AU - Smith, Lawrence D AU - Cooper, Craig F AU - Parsons, Jim AU - Bicber, Dave AU - Kretsinger, Vicki AU - Garcia, Susan Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 60 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 38, Program SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - models KW - migration KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - evaluation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52766901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+groundwater+impact+due+to+migration+of+contaminants+from+vadose+zone&rft.au=Navayogarajah%2C+N%3BSmith%2C+Lawrence+D%3BCooper%2C+Craig+F%3BParsons%2C+Jim%3BBicber%2C+Dave%3BKretsinger%2C+Vicki%3BGarcia%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Navayogarajah&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=38%2C+Program&rft.issue=&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists and Groundwater Resources Association of California 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - evaluation; ground water; migration; models; pollutants; pollution; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wood preserving waste-contaminated soil; treatment and toxicity response AN - 52724843; 1997-035845 JF - Bioremediation AU - Huling, Scott G AU - Pope, Daniel F AU - Matthews, John E AU - Sims, Judith L AU - Sims, Ronald C AU - Sorenson, Darwin L A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Anderson, Daniel B. A2 - Hoeppel, Ronald E. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 101 EP - 109 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 7 KW - United States KW - Libby Montana KW - creosote KW - chlorophenols KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - Lincoln County Montana KW - pyrene KW - toxicity KW - decontamination KW - agrochemicals KW - soils KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - pentachlorophenol KW - bioremediation KW - Montana KW - organic compounds KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52724843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Wood+preserving+waste-contaminated+soil%3B+treatment+and+toxicity+response&rft.au=Huling%2C+Scott+G%3BPope%2C+Daniel+F%3BMatthews%2C+John+E%3BSims%2C+Judith+L%3BSims%2C+Ronald+C%3BSorenson%2C+Darwin+L&rft.aulast=Huling&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=157477008X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; chemical waste; chlorophenols; concentration; creosote; decontamination; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; Libby Montana; Lincoln County Montana; monitoring; Montana; organic compounds; pentachlorophenol; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pyrene; remediation; soil treatment; soils; toxic materials; toxicity; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Co-contaminated sites; biodegradation of fossil fuels in the presence of PCBs AN - 52723969; 1997-035847 JF - Bioremediation AU - Morris, Pamela J AU - Shelton, Michael E AU - Chapman, Peter J A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Anderson, Daniel B. A2 - Hoeppel, Ronald E. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 123 EP - 130 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 7 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - creosote KW - PCBs KW - gas chromatograms KW - chemical waste KW - Berkshire County Massachusetts KW - Massachusetts KW - carbon KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - aroclor KW - Pittsfield Massachusetts KW - organic carbon KW - organic materials KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52723969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Co-contaminated+sites%3B+biodegradation+of+fossil+fuels+in+the+presence+of+PCBs&rft.au=Morris%2C+Pamela+J%3BShelton%2C+Michael+E%3BChapman%2C+Peter+J&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Pamela&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=157477008X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aroclor; bacteria; Berkshire County Massachusetts; biodegradation; carbon; case studies; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; creosote; degradation; gas chromatograms; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; Massachusetts; monitoring; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; PCBs; petroleum products; Pittsfield Massachusetts; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; thallophytes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic bioremediation of DDT-contaminated soil with nonionic surfactant AN - 52723757; 1997-035848 JF - Bioremediation AU - You, Guangrong AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Kupferle, Margaret J AU - Bishop, Paul L A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Anderson, Daniel B. A2 - Hoeppel, Ronald E. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 137 EP - 144 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 7 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - insecticides KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - agrochemicals KW - surfactants KW - DDT KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - transformations KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52723757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+bioremediation+of+DDT-contaminated+soil+with+nonionic+surfactant&rft.au=You%2C+Guangrong%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BKupferle%2C+Margaret+J%3BBishop%2C+Paul+L&rft.aulast=You&rft.aufirst=Guangrong&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=157477008X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; bioremediation; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; DDT; degradation; halogenated hydrocarbons; insecticides; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soils; surfactants; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial activity in subsurface samples before and during nitrate-enhanced bioremediation AN - 52719470; 1997-035874 JF - Bioremediation AU - Thomas, J Michele AU - Gordy, Virginia R AU - Bruce, Cristin L AU - Hutchins, Stephen R AU - Sinclair, James L AU - Ward, C Herb A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Brockman, Fred J. A2 - Vogel, Catherine M. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 271 EP - 280 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 8 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - Okaloosa County Florida KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - jet fuel KW - denitrification KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - military facilities KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52719470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Microbial+activity+in+subsurface+samples+before+and+during+nitrate-enhanced+bioremediation&rft.au=Thomas%2C+J+Michele%3BGordy%2C+Virginia+R%3BBruce%2C+Cristin+L%3BHutchins%2C+Stephen+R%3BSinclair%2C+James+L%3BWard%2C+C+Herb&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=1574770098&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; denitrification; Eglin Air Force Base; Florida; hydrocarbons; jet fuel; microorganisms; military facilities; Okaloosa County Florida; organic compounds; petroleum products; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; thallophytes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature effects on propylene glycol-contaminated soil cores AN - 52718881; 1997-035878 JF - Bioremediation AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J AU - Vesper, Stephen J A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Brockman, Fred J. A2 - Vogel, Catherine M. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 329 EP - 333 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 8 KW - thallophytes KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - propylene glycol KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - pollution KW - effects KW - bioremediation KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - controls KW - bacteria KW - pH KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52718881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Temperature+effects+on+propylene+glycol-contaminated+soil+cores&rft.au=Davis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J%3BVesper%2C+Stephen+J&rft.aulast=Davis-Hoover&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=1574770098&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; controls; effects; microorganisms; moisture; pH; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; propylene glycol; remediation; soils; temperature; thallophytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation under mixed denitrifying/microaerophilic conditions AN - 52717415; 1997-035871 JF - Bioremediation AU - Miller, Dennis E AU - Hutchins, Stephen R A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Brockman, Fred J. A2 - Vogel, Catherine M. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 129 EP - 136 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 8 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - oxygen KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - ethylbenzene KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - denitrification KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - nitrate ion KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52717415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Petroleum+hydrocarbon+biodegradation+under+mixed+denitrifying%2Fmicroaerophilic+conditions&rft.au=Miller%2C+Dennis+E%3BHutchins%2C+Stephen+R&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=1574770098&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; decontamination; denitrification; ethylbenzene; ground water; hydrocarbons; nitrate ion; organic compounds; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; toluene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate-based bioremediation of JP-4 jet fuel; pilot-scale demonstration AN - 52716513; 1997-037382 JF - Bioremediation AU - Hutchins, Stephen R AU - Miller, Dennis E AU - Beck, Frank P AU - Thomas, Alison AU - Williams, Stephen E AU - Willis, Guy D A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Kittel, Jeffrey A. A2 - Reisinger, H. James Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 123 EP - 131 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 6 KW - wells KW - United States KW - Okaloosa County Florida KW - contaminant plumes KW - toluene KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - decontamination KW - denitrification KW - tracers KW - nitrate ion KW - mobility KW - lysimeters KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - organic compounds KW - infiltration KW - hydrocarbons KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - water wells KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52716513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Nitrate-based+bioremediation+of+JP-4+jet+fuel%3B+pilot-scale+demonstration&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+Stephen+R%3BMiller%2C+Dennis+E%3BBeck%2C+Frank+P%3BThomas%2C+Alison%3BWilliams%2C+Stephen+E%3BWillis%2C+Guy+D&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=1574770071&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international In situ and on-site bioreclamation symposia N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; concentration; contaminant plumes; decontamination; denitrification; Eglin Air Force Base; Florida; hydrocarbons; in situ; infiltration; leaking underground storage tanks; lysimeters; mobility; monitoring; nitrate ion; Okaloosa County Florida; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soils; toluene; tracers; United States; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selection of methylotrophs for TCE degradation in an electroosmotic environment AN - 52715688; 1997-039855 JF - Bioremediation AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Roulier, M H AU - Al-Abed, Souhail R AU - Patnaik, Priyamvada AU - Murdoch, Lawrence C AU - Vane, Leland M AU - Herrmann, Jonathan G AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Leeson, Andrea A2 - Semprini, Lewis Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 273 EP - 280 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 4 KW - United States KW - soils KW - osmosis KW - electro-osmosis KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - drawdown KW - Yellowstone National Park KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52715688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Selection+of+methylotrophs+for+TCE+degradation+in+an+electroosmotic+environment&rft.au=Vesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BRoulier%2C+M+H%3BAl-Abed%2C+Souhail+R%3BPatnaik%2C+Priyamvada%3BMurdoch%2C+Lawrence+C%3BVane%2C+Leland+M%3BHerrmann%2C+Jonathan+G%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J&rft.aulast=Vesper&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=1574770055&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international In situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; degradation; drawdown; electro-osmosis; halogenated hydrocarbons; models; organic compounds; osmosis; pH; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; trichloroethylene; United States; Yellowstone National Park ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCE treatment in saturated soil columns; methanogens in sequence with methanotrophs AN - 52715373; 1997-039847 JF - Bioremediation AU - Fogel, Sam AU - Lewis, Ronald AU - Groher, Daniel AU - Findlay, Margaret A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Leeson, Andrea A2 - Semprini, Lewis Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 153 EP - 160 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 4 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - methane KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - saturated materials KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - methanol KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - alcohols KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - biology KW - electrons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52715373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=PCE+treatment+in+saturated+soil+columns%3B+methanogens+in+sequence+with+methanotrophs&rft.au=Fogel%2C+Sam%3BLewis%2C+Ronald%3BGroher%2C+Daniel%3BFindlay%2C+Margaret&rft.aulast=Fogel&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=1574770055&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international In situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; biology; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; degradation; electrons; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; methane; methanol; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; saturated materials; soils; tetrachloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surfactant use with nitrate-based bioremediation AN - 52714936; 1997-035867 JF - Bioremediation AU - Wilson, Barbara H AU - Hutchins, Stephen R AU - West, Candida C A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Brockman, Fred J. A2 - Vogel, Catherine M. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 25 EP - 31 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 8 KW - biodegradation KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - bioremediation KW - trimethylbenzene KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - ethylbenzene KW - organic compounds KW - denitrification KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - nitrate ion KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52714936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Surfactant+use+with+nitrate-based+bioremediation&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Barbara+H%3BHutchins%2C+Stephen+R%3BWest%2C+Candida+C&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=1574770098&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; denitrification; ethylbenzene; ground water; hydrocarbons; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; surfactants; toluene; trimethylbenzene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field bioremediation study; spilled crude oil on Fowler Beach, Delaware AN - 52714788; 1997-039821 JF - Bioremediation AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Haines, John R AU - Wrenn, Brian A AU - Strohmeier, Kevin L AU - Eberhart, B Loye AU - Kadkhodayan, Miryam AU - Holder, Edith AU - King, Dennis AU - Anderson, Benjamin A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Fredrickson, Jim A2 - Alleman, Bruce C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 49 EP - 56 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - Delaware KW - degradation KW - Fowler Beach Delaware KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - oil spills KW - crude oil KW - Delaware Bay KW - heterogeneity KW - microorganisms KW - field studies KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52714788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Field+bioremediation+study%3B+spilled+crude+oil+on+Fowler+Beach%2C+Delaware&rft.au=Venosa%2C+Albert+D%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BHaines%2C+John+R%3BWrenn%2C+Brian+A%3BStrohmeier%2C+Kevin+L%3BEberhart%2C+B+Loye%3BKadkhodayan%2C+Miryam%3BHolder%2C+Edith%3BKing%2C+Dennis%3BAnderson%2C+Benjamin&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=1574770047&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international In situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; bioremediation; crude oil; degradation; Delaware; Delaware Bay; field studies; Fowler Beach Delaware; heterogeneity; microorganisms; oil spills; pollution; remediation; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic in situ anaerobic biodegradation of chlorinated solvents at an industrial landfill AN - 52699431; 1997-051267 JF - Bioremediation AU - Lee, Michael D AU - Mazierski, Paul F AU - Buchanan, Ronald J, Jr AU - Ellis, David E AU - Sehayek, Lily S A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 205 EP - 222 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - landfills KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ethane KW - ground water KW - ethylene KW - solvents KW - chemical reactions KW - Niagara Falls KW - alkenes KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - reduction KW - North America KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - Niagara County New York KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - models KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - DuPont Necco Park Landfill KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - waste disposal KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52699431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+in+situ+anaerobic+biodegradation+of+chlorinated+solvents+at+an+industrial+landfill&rft.au=Lee%2C+Michael+D%3BMazierski%2C+Paul+F%3BBuchanan%2C+Ronald+J%2C+Jr%3BEllis%2C+David+E%3BSehayek%2C+Lily+S&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; alkenes; anaerobic environment; biodegradation; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; DuPont Necco Park Landfill; ethane; ethylene; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; industrial waste; landfills; microorganisms; models; monitoring; New York; Niagara County New York; Niagara Falls; North America; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; reduction; solvents; United States; volatiles; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic bioremediation of jet fuel contamination at George Air Force Base AN - 52699401; 1997-051254 JF - Bioremediation AU - Wilson, John T AU - Sewell, Guy W AU - Caron, Denise AU - Doyle, Greg AU - Miller, Ross N A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 91 EP - 100 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - California KW - time factor KW - San Bernardino County California KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - rates KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - dilution KW - residence time KW - hydrocarbons KW - George Air Force Base KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52699401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+bioremediation+of+jet+fuel+contamination+at+George+Air+Force+Base&rft.au=Wilson%2C+John+T%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W%3BCaron%2C+Denise%3BDoyle%2C+Greg%3BMiller%2C+Ross+N&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; California; chemical dispersion; concentration; dilution; George Air Force Base; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; in situ; measurement; military facilities; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; porosity; rates; remediation; residence time; San Bernardino County California; solute transport; time factor; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced aerobic bioremediation of residual hydrocarbon sources AN - 52699373; 1997-051251 JF - Bioremediation AU - McAllister, Paul M AU - Chiang, Chen Yu AU - Salanitro, Joseph P AU - Dortch, Ira J AU - Williams, Patty A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 67 EP - 75 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - equilibrium KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52699373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Enhanced+aerobic+bioremediation+of+residual+hydrocarbon+sources&rft.au=McAllister%2C+Paul+M%3BChiang%2C+Chen+Yu%3BSalanitro%2C+Joseph+P%3BDortch%2C+Ira+J%3BWilliams%2C+Patty&rft.aulast=McAllister&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; concentration; equilibrium; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; nitrogen; organic compounds; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; solute transport; toluene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic bioattenuation for subsurface restoration AN - 52699333; 1997-051247 JF - Bioremediation AU - Rifai, Hanadi S AU - Borden, Robert C AU - Wilson, John T AU - Ward, C Herb A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 29 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - solute transport KW - sorption KW - Saint Joseph County Michigan KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - Rocky Point KW - solvents KW - chemical reactions KW - denitrification KW - reduction KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - sulfates KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - advection KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - North Carolina KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - shallow aquifers KW - risk assessment KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52699333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+bioattenuation+for+subsurface+restoration&rft.au=Rifai%2C+Hanadi+S%3BBorden%2C+Robert+C%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BWard%2C+C+Herb&rft.aulast=Rifai&rft.aufirst=Hanadi&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; case studies; chemical dispersion; chemical reactions; concentration; denitrification; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; monitoring; North Carolina; organic compounds; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; risk assessment; Rocky Point; Saint Joseph County Michigan; shallow aquifers; solute transport; solvents; sorption; sulfates; surface water; thallophytes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic dechlorination of trichloroethene to ethene in a bedrock aquifer AN - 52698447; 1997-051266 JF - Bioremediation AU - Major, David W AU - Cox, Evan AU - Edwards, Elizabeth AU - Hare, Paul A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 197 EP - 203 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - acetone KW - oxygen KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ground water KW - ethylene KW - solvents KW - chemical reactions KW - alkenes KW - alcohols KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - soils KW - bedrock KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - methanol KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - microorganisms KW - ketones KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+dechlorination+of+trichloroethene+to+ethene+in+a+bedrock+aquifer&rft.au=Major%2C+David+W%3BCox%2C+Evan%3BEdwards%2C+Elizabeth%3BHare%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Major&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetone; alcohols; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; aquifers; bedrock; biodegradation; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; ethylene; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; ketones; methanol; microorganisms; monitoring; New York; organic compounds; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; soils; solute transport; solvents; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of bioremediation of a contaminated wetland AN - 52698397; 1997-051262 JF - Bioremediation AU - Swindoll, C Michael AU - Perkins, Richard E AU - Gannon, John T AU - Holmes, Marty AU - Fisher, George A A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 163 EP - 169 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - concentration KW - Plantae KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - aniline KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - wetlands KW - denitrification KW - bacteria KW - nitrobenzene KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+bioremediation+of+a+contaminated+wetland&rft.au=Swindoll%2C+C+Michael%3BPerkins%2C+Richard+E%3BGannon%2C+John+T%3BHolmes%2C+Marty%3BFisher%2C+George+A&rft.aulast=Swindoll&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aniline; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; benzene; bioremediation; concentration; denitrification; hydrocarbons; microorganisms; nitrobenzene; nutrients; organic compounds; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; sulfates; thallophytes; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of natural attenuation with multiple electron acceptors AN - 52698361; 1997-051249 JF - Bioremediation AU - Rifai, Hanadi S AU - Newell, Charles J AU - Miller, Ross N AU - Taffinder, Sam AU - Rounsaville, Mark A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 53 EP - 58 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - solute transport KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - sorption KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - aerobic environment KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - anaerobic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+natural+attenuation+with+multiple+electron+acceptors&rft.au=Rifai%2C+Hanadi+S%3BNewell%2C+Charles+J%3BMiller%2C+Ross+N%3BTaffinder%2C+Sam%3BRounsaville%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Rifai&rft.aufirst=Hanadi&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical dispersion; chemical reactions; concentration; ground water; measurement; models; pollutants; pollution; remediation; simulation; solute transport; sorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns of intrinsic bioremediation at two U.S. Air Force bases AN - 52698322; 1997-051248 JF - Bioremediation AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Miller, Ross N AU - Hansen, Jerry E A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 31 EP - 51 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - sorption KW - toluene KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - Summit County Utah KW - spatial distribution KW - chemical reactions KW - Brevard County Florida KW - denitrification KW - reduction KW - soils KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - patterns KW - in situ KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Patrick Air Force Base KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - organic compounds KW - dilution KW - Hill Air Force Base KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - Utah KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Patterns+of+intrinsic+bioremediation+at+two+U.S.+Air+Force+bases&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BMiller%2C+Ross+N%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; Brevard County Florida; chemical reactions; concentration; denitrification; dilution; Florida; ground water; Hill Air Force Base; hydrocarbons; in situ; military facilities; organic compounds; Patrick Air Force Base; patterns; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; soils; solute transport; sorption; spatial distribution; sulfates; Summit County Utah; toluene; United States; Utah; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of natural hydrocarbon bioremediation at two gas condensate production sites AN - 52698060; 1997-051264 JF - Bioremediation AU - Barker, Gary W AU - Raterman, Kevin T AU - Fisher, J Berton AU - Corgan, John M AU - Trent, Gary L AU - Brown, David R AU - Sublette, Kerry L A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 181 EP - 188 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - natural gas KW - Fort Lupton KW - petroleum KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - Platte River KW - reduction KW - condensates KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - Weld County Colorado KW - rates KW - Denver Basin KW - bioremediation KW - organic compounds KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - Colorado KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+natural+hydrocarbon+bioremediation+at+two+gas+condensate+production+sites&rft.au=Barker%2C+Gary+W%3BRaterman%2C+Kevin+T%3BFisher%2C+J+Berton%3BCorgan%2C+John+M%3BTrent%2C+Gary+L%3BBrown%2C+David+R%3BSublette%2C+Kerry+L&rft.aulast=Barker&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; bioremediation; Colorado; condensates; Denver Basin; Fort Lupton; ground water; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; microorganisms; monitoring; natural gas; organic compounds; oxidation; petroleum; Platte River; pollutants; pollution; rates; reduction; remediation; soils; sulfates; United States; waste disposal; water quality; Weld County Colorado ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic and accelerated anaerobic biodegradation of perchloroethylene in groundwater AN - 52697792; 1997-051270 JF - Bioremediation AU - Buchanan, Ronald J, Jr AU - Ellis, David E AU - Odom, J Martin AU - Mazierski, Paul F AU - Lee, Michael D A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 245 EP - 252 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - North America KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - Niagara County New York KW - pollution KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - DuPont Niagara Falls Plant KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - solvents KW - chemical reactions KW - Niagara Falls KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+and+accelerated+anaerobic+biodegradation+of+perchloroethylene+in+groundwater&rft.au=Buchanan%2C+Ronald+J%2C+Jr%3BEllis%2C+David+E%3BOdom%2C+J+Martin%3BMazierski%2C+Paul+F%3BLee%2C+Michael+D&rft.aulast=Buchanan&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; biodegradation; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; DuPont Niagara Falls Plant; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; kinetics; New York; Niagara County New York; Niagara Falls; North America; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; solvents; sulfates; tetrachloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relating BTEX degradation to the biogeochemistry of an anaerobic aquifer AN - 52697763; 1997-051257 JF - Bioremediation AU - Toze, Simon G AU - Power, Terry R AU - Davis, Gregory B A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 117 EP - 125 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - toluene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - reduction KW - Eh KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - xylene KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Relating+BTEX+degradation+to+the+biogeochemistry+of+an+anaerobic+aquifer&rft.au=Toze%2C+Simon+G%3BPower%2C+Terry+R%3BDavis%2C+Gregory+B&rft.aulast=Toze&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; concentration; Eh; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrogen sulfide; organic compounds; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; statistical analysis; sulfates; thallophytes; toluene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Taking advantage of natural biodegradation AN - 52697729; 1997-051250 JF - Bioremediation AU - Butler, William A AU - Bartlett, Craig L A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 59 EP - 65 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - saturated zone KW - organic compounds KW - industrial waste KW - New Jersey KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Taking+advantage+of+natural+biodegradation&rft.au=Butler%2C+William+A%3BBartlett%2C+Craig+L&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; bioremediation; cost; ground water; in situ; industrial waste; monitoring; New Jersey; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; solute transport; United States; volatiles; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation of coal tar organics in groundwater AN - 52697684; 1997-051263 JF - Bioremediation AU - King, Mark W G AU - Barker, James F AU - Hamilton, Kimberly A A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 171 EP - 179 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - solute transport KW - Simcoe County Ontario KW - organic residues KW - Toronto Ontario KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - sedimentary rocks KW - time factor KW - coal KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - naphthalene KW - pollution KW - Ontario KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - Borden Ontario KW - Eastern Canada KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+of+coal+tar+organics+in+groundwater&rft.au=King%2C+Mark+W+G%3BBarker%2C+James+F%3BHamilton%2C+Kimberly+A&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Mark+W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; Borden Ontario; Canada; coal; Eastern Canada; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; monitoring; naphthalene; Ontario; organic compounds; organic residues; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sedimentary rocks; Simcoe County Ontario; solute transport; spatial distribution; steady-state processes; time factor; Toronto Ontario; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regression techniques and analytical solutions to demonstrate intrinsic bioremediation AN - 52697649; 1997-051256 JF - Bioremediation AU - Buscheck, Timothy E AU - Alcantar, Celia M A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 109 EP - 116 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - methods KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - equations KW - benzene KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - time factor KW - mathematical methods KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - regression analysis KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Regression+techniques+and+analytical+solutions+to+demonstrate+intrinsic+bioremediation&rft.au=Buscheck%2C+Timothy+E%3BAlcantar%2C+Celia+M&rft.aulast=Buscheck&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; concentration; equations; ground water; hydrocarbons; mathematical methods; methods; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; regression analysis; statistical analysis; time factor; toluene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic BTEX biodegradation in laboratory microcosms and in situ columns AN - 52697462; 1997-051255 JF - Bioremediation AU - Hunt, Melody J AU - Beckman, Michael A AU - Barlaz, Morton A AU - Borden, Robert C A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 101 EP - 107 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - rates KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - measurement KW - organic compounds KW - factors KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - xylene KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+BTEX+biodegradation+in+laboratory+microcosms+and+in+situ+columns&rft.au=Hunt%2C+Melody+J%3BBeckman%2C+Michael+A%3BBarlaz%2C+Morton+A%3BBorden%2C+Robert+C&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=Melody&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; experimental studies; factors; hydrocarbons; in situ; measurement; organic compounds; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; rates; remediation; soils; thallophytes; toluene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Postremediation bioremediation AN - 52697426; 1997-051252 JF - Bioremediation AU - Brown, Richard A AU - Hicks, Patrick M AU - Hicks, Ronald J AU - Leahy, Maureen C A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 77 EP - 84 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - methods KW - biodegradation KW - sorption KW - monitoring KW - oxygen KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - denitrification KW - hydrocarbons KW - reduction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Postremediation+bioremediation&rft.au=Brown%2C+Richard+A%3BHicks%2C+Patrick+M%3BHicks%2C+Ronald+J%3BLeahy%2C+Maureen+C&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; bioremediation; denitrification; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; measurement; methods; monitoring; nutrients; organic compounds; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; sorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium AN - 52697385; 1997-051246 JF - Bioremediation A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 266 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - symposia KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Third+international+in+situ+and+on-site+bioreclamation+symposium&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; ground water; pollution; remediation; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic biodegradation of trichloroethene and trichloroethane in a sequential anaerobic-aerobic aquifer AN - 52697254; 1997-051268 JF - Bioremediation AU - Cox, Evan AU - Edwards, Elizabeth AU - Lehmicke, Leo AU - Major, David W A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 223 EP - 231 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - Sacramento County California KW - pollution KW - trichloroethane KW - Sacramento California KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - aerobic environment KW - California KW - spatial distribution KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - trichloroethylene KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+biodegradation+of+trichloroethene+and+trichloroethane+in+a+sequential+anaerobic-aerobic+aquifer&rft.au=Cox%2C+Evan%3BEdwards%2C+Elizabeth%3BLehmicke%2C+Leo%3BMajor%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; aquifers; biodegradation; California; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Sacramento California; Sacramento County California; solute transport; spatial distribution; trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; United States; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geomicrobial and geochemical redox processes in a landfill-polluted aquifer AN - 52697241; 1997-051259 JF - Bioremediation AU - Ludvigsen, Liselotte AU - Heron, Gorm AU - Albrechtsen, Hans-Jorgen AU - Christensen, Thomas H A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 135 EP - 142 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - landfills KW - Grindsted Denmark KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Europe KW - iron KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - denitrification KW - Grindsted Landfill KW - Denmark KW - reduction KW - nitrate ion KW - Eh KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - sulfate ion KW - methane KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - waste disposal KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Geomicrobial+and+geochemical+redox+processes+in+a+landfill-polluted+aquifer&rft.au=Ludvigsen%2C+Liselotte%3BHeron%2C+Gorm%3BAlbrechtsen%2C+Hans-Jorgen%3BChristensen%2C+Thomas+H&rft.aulast=Ludvigsen&rft.aufirst=Liselotte&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; concentration; denitrification; Denmark; Eh; Europe; ferric iron; Grindsted Denmark; Grindsted Landfill; ground water; hydrocarbons; iron; landfills; measurement; metals; methane; microorganisms; nitrate ion; organic compounds; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; reduction; Scandinavia; sulfate ion; thallophytes; waste disposal; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ bioremediation (natural attenuation) at a gas plant waste site AN - 52697216; 1997-051261 JF - Bioremediation AU - Ginn, Jon S AU - Sims, Ronald C AU - Murarka, Ishwar P A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 153 EP - 162 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - toxicity KW - chemical reactions KW - kinetics KW - soils KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - naphthalene KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - measurement KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=In+situ+bioremediation+%28natural+attenuation%29+at+a+gas+plant+waste+site&rft.au=Ginn%2C+Jon+S%3BSims%2C+Ronald+C%3BMurarka%2C+Ishwar+P&rft.aulast=Ginn&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical reactions; concentration; hydrocarbons; in situ; industrial waste; kinetics; measurement; microorganisms; monitoring; naphthalene; New York; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; soils; solute transport; temperature; toxicity; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation of xenobiotic compounds; anaerobic field injection experiment AN - 52697203; 1997-051258 JF - Bioremediation AU - Rugge, Kirsten AU - Bjerg, Poul L AU - Mosbaek, Hans AU - Christensen, Thomas H A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 127 EP - 133 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - solute transport KW - halides KW - landfills KW - Grindsted Denmark KW - Europe KW - bromides KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - tracers KW - Grindsted Landfill KW - Denmark KW - reduction KW - Eh KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - Western Europe KW - in situ KW - sulfates KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - naphthalene KW - injection KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+of+xenobiotic+compounds%3B+anaerobic+field+injection+experiment&rft.au=Rugge%2C+Kirsten%3BBjerg%2C+Poul+L%3BMosbaek%2C+Hans%3BChristensen%2C+Thomas+H&rft.aulast=Rugge&rft.aufirst=Kirsten&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; bioremediation; bromides; chemical dispersion; chemical reactions; Denmark; Eh; Europe; experimental studies; Grindsted Denmark; Grindsted Landfill; ground water; halides; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; in situ; injection; landfills; measurement; monitoring; naphthalene; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; reduction; remediation; Scandinavia; solute transport; sulfates; tracers; waste disposal; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of "direct" ground water discharge to the Chesapeake Bay (USA) for basin-scale non-point source pollution assessment AN - 52697078; 1997-050942 JF - International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, General Assembly AU - Kraemer, S R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 217 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 21, Week B KW - United States KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Appalachians KW - nonpoint sources KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - Anne Arundel County Maryland KW - Saint Mary's County Maryland KW - drainage basins KW - Maryland KW - discharge KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - North America KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - nutrients KW - models KW - case studies KW - Prince Georges County Maryland KW - eutrophication KW - Patuxent River KW - Piedmont KW - Calvert County Maryland KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Union+of+Geodesy+and+Geophysics%2C+General+Assembly&rft.atitle=The+role+of+%22direct%22+ground+water+discharge+to+the+Chesapeake+Bay+%28USA%29+for+basin-scale+non-point+source+pollution+assessment&rft.au=Kraemer%2C+S+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kraemer&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21%2C+Week+B&rft.issue=&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Union+of+Geodesy+and+Geophysics%2C+General+Assembly&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics; XXI general assembly N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IGABAX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anne Arundel County Maryland; Appalachians; Atlantic Coastal Plain; Calvert County Maryland; case studies; Chesapeake Bay; discharge; drainage basins; eutrophication; ground water; Maryland; models; monitoring; nitrates; nitrogen; nonpoint sources; North America; nutrients; Patuxent River; Piedmont; pollution; Prince Georges County Maryland; Saint Mary's County Maryland; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inferring biodegradation processes for trichloroethene from geochemical data AN - 52697001; 1997-051269 JF - Bioremediation AU - Guest, Peter R AU - Benson, Leigh A AU - Rainsberger, Tony J A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 233 EP - 243 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - trichloroethylene KW - waste disposal KW - Colorado KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Inferring+biodegradation+processes+for+trichloroethene+from+geochemical+data&rft.au=Guest%2C+Peter+R%3BBenson%2C+Leigh+A%3BRainsberger%2C+Tony+J&rft.aulast=Guest&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; anaerobic environment; biodegradation; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Colorado; concentration; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; solute transport; trichloroethylene; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced biodegradation of naphthalene in MGP aquifer microcosms AN - 52696976; 1997-051265 JF - Bioremediation AU - Durant, Neal D AU - Jonkers, Constance A A AU - Wilson, Liza P AU - Bouwer, Edward J A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 189 EP - 196 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - naphthalene KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - aerobic environment KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - denitrification KW - bacteria KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - pH KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52696976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Enhanced+biodegradation+of+naphthalene+in+MGP+aquifer+microcosms&rft.au=Durant%2C+Neal+D%3BJonkers%2C+Constance+A+A%3BWilson%2C+Liza+P%3BBouwer%2C+Edward+J&rft.aulast=Durant&rft.aufirst=Neal&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; biodegradation; chemical reactions; concentration; denitrification; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; microorganisms; naphthalene; nutrients; organic compounds; oxygen; pH; Plantae; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; thallophytes; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating natural attenuation of petroleum hydrocarbon spills AN - 52696943; 1997-051253 JF - Bioremediation AU - Troy, Marleen A AU - Baker, Katherine H AU - Herson, Diane S A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 85 EP - 90 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - soils KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - safety KW - oil spills KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52696943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Evaluating+natural+attenuation+of+petroleum+hydrocarbon+spills&rft.au=Troy%2C+Marleen+A%3BBaker%2C+Katherine+H%3BHerson%2C+Diane+S&rft.aulast=Troy&rft.aufirst=Marleen&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; concentration; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; monitoring; oil spills; organic compounds; pH; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; remediation; safety; soils; thallophytes; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Redox buffering in shallow aquifers contaminated by leachate AN - 52696856; 1997-051260 JF - Bioremediation AU - Heron, Gorm AU - Bjerg, Poul L AU - Christensen, Thomas H A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 143 EP - 151 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - ammonium KW - oxygen KW - landfills KW - Grindsted Denmark KW - Europe KW - Vejen Landfill KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - chemical reactions KW - Vejen Denmark KW - Grindsted Landfill KW - Denmark KW - reduction KW - Eh KW - organic materials KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Western Europe KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - shallow aquifers KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52696856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Redox+buffering+in+shallow+aquifers+contaminated+by+leachate&rft.au=Heron%2C+Gorm%3BBjerg%2C+Poul+L%3BChristensen%2C+Thomas+H&rft.aulast=Heron&rft.aufirst=Gorm&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium; aquifers; biodegradation; chemical reactions; concentration; Denmark; Eh; Europe; ferric iron; Grindsted Denmark; Grindsted Landfill; ground water; in situ; iron; landfills; metals; organic compounds; organic materials; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; reduction; remediation; Scandinavia; shallow aquifers; Vejen Denmark; Vejen Landfill; waste disposal; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salt Lake County Ground Water Recharge Project AN - 52632148; 1997-078519 JF - Proceedings of the ... International Symposium on Artifical Recharge of Ground Water AU - Lasson, Richard O AU - Monheiser, Bill AU - Bay, Richard P A2 - Johnson, A. Ivan A2 - Pyne, R. David G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 71 EP - 80 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 2 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Salt Lake County Utah KW - water management KW - pollution KW - recovery KW - ground water KW - recharge KW - risk assessment KW - economics KW - Utah KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52632148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium+on+Artifical+Recharge+of+Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Salt+Lake+County+Ground+Water+Recharge+Project&rft.au=Lasson%2C+Richard+O%3BMonheiser%2C+Bill%3BBay%2C+Richard+P&rft.aulast=Lasson&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium+on+Artifical+Recharge+of+Ground+Water&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Artificial recharge of ground water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04223 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - economics; ground water; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; recharge; recovery; risk assessment; Salt Lake County Utah; United States; Utah; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological indicators of soil acidification for monitoring regional forest health AN - 52506796; 1999-022972 JF - International Conference on Acidic Precipitation. Abstract Book AU - van Remortel, R D AU - Hudson, B D AU - Palmer, C J AU - Alexander, S A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 146 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 5 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - characterization KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - variations KW - ecology KW - Southeastern U.S. KW - geochemistry KW - depletion KW - rain KW - pH KW - soils KW - forests KW - monitoring KW - agriculture KW - Eastern U.S. KW - indicators KW - acid rain KW - organic compounds KW - acidification KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - land use KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52506796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.atitle=Ecological+indicators+of+soil+acidification+for+monitoring+regional+forest+health&rft.au=van+Remortel%2C+R+D%3BHudson%2C+B+D%3BPalmer%2C+C+J%3BAlexander%2C+S+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=van+Remortel&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid reign '95; 5th international conference on Acidic deposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04898 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; agriculture; atmospheric precipitation; characterization; degradation; depletion; Eastern U.S.; ecology; environmental analysis; environmental effects; forests; geochemistry; indicators; land use; monitoring; organic compounds; permeability; pH; pore water; rain; soils; Southeastern U.S.; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for treating acid ground water; results and evaluation of longterm tests AN - 52503155; 1999-022993 JF - International Conference on Acidic Precipitation. Abstract Book AU - Bertills, Ulla AU - Sundlof, Bertil AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 239 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 5 KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - water treatment KW - acidification KW - acidic composition KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52503155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.atitle=Methods+for+treating+acid+ground+water%3B+results+and+evaluation+of+longterm+tests&rft.au=Bertills%2C+Ulla%3BSundlof%2C+Bertil%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bertills&rft.aufirst=Ulla&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid reign '95; 5th international conference on Acidic deposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04898 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; acidification; chemical reactions; environmental analysis; environmental effects; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; metals; pH; pollution; toxic materials; water pollution; water quality; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater quality in Sweden; country-wide maps of groundwater in shallow Quaternary deposits and in bedrock AN - 52503117; 1999-022992 JF - International Conference on Acidic Precipitation. Abstract Book AU - Thunholm, Bo AU - Johnson, Jacob AU - Aastrup, Mats AU - Bertills, Ulla AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 238 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 5 KW - bedrock KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - Western Europe KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - springs KW - acidification KW - shallow aquifers KW - alkalinity KW - chemical composition KW - water wells KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Sweden KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52503117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.atitle=Groundwater+quality+in+Sweden%3B+country-wide+maps+of+groundwater+in+shallow+Quaternary+deposits+and+in+bedrock&rft.au=Thunholm%2C+Bo%3BJohnson%2C+Jacob%3BAastrup%2C+Mats%3BBertills%2C+Ulla%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thunholm&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid reign '95; 5th international conference on Acidic deposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04898 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; alkalinity; aquifers; bedrock; chemical composition; concentration; Europe; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; pH; pollution; Scandinavia; shallow aquifers; springs; Sweden; water quality; water wells; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated soil analysis; the ISA project AN - 52502592; 1999-022982 JF - International Conference on Acidic Precipitation. Abstract Book AU - Josefsson, Melanie AU - Clemensson-Lindell, Anna AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 152 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 5 KW - fertilizers KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - environmental analysis KW - conservation KW - geochemistry KW - rain KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - programs KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - Integrated Soil Analysis Program KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - biota KW - acid rain KW - Scandinavia KW - biogenic processes KW - deposition KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - land use KW - Sweden KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52502592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.atitle=Integrated+soil+analysis%3B+the+ISA+project&rft.au=Josefsson%2C+Melanie%3BClemensson-Lindell%2C+Anna%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Josefsson&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid reign '95; 5th international conference on Acidic deposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04898 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; atmospheric precipitation; biogenic processes; biota; conservation; deposition; environmental analysis; Europe; fertilizers; geochemistry; heavy metals; Integrated Soil Analysis Program; land use; pesticides; pH; pollutants; pollution; programs; rain; risk assessment; Scandinavia; soil treatment; soils; Sweden; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Olympic Dam-type iron oxide (Cu-U-Au-LREE) deposits AN - 52446166; 1999-058254 JF - Exploration in British Columbia AU - Hitzman, Murray W AU - Smyth, W R Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 185 PB - British Columbia Ministry of Mines and Petroleum Resources, Victoria, BC VL - 1995 SN - 0823-2059, 0823-2059 KW - mineral exploration KW - Wernecke Mountains KW - Olympic Dam-type deposits KW - iron oxides KW - Yukon Territory KW - Northwest Territories KW - uranium ores KW - Canada KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - oxides KW - gold ores KW - copper ores KW - Western Canada KW - rare earths KW - base metals KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52446166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Exploration+in+British+Columbia&rft.atitle=Olympic+Dam-type+iron+oxide+%28Cu-U-Au-LREE%29+deposits&rft.au=Hitzman%2C+Murray+W%3BSmyth%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Hitzman&rft.aufirst=Murray&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1995&rft.issue=&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Exploration+in+British+Columbia&rft.issn=08232059&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - BC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - base metals; Canada; copper ores; gold ores; iron oxides; metal ores; metals; mineral exploration; Northwest Territories; Olympic Dam-type deposits; oxides; rare earths; uranium ores; Wernecke Mountains; Western Canada; Yukon Territory ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PAH; a model to predict the toxicity of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures in field-collected sediments AN - 52217585; 2001-049184 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Swartz, Richard C AU - Schultz, Donald W AU - Ozretich, Robert J AU - Lamberson, Janet O AU - Cole, Faith A AU - DeWitt, Theodore H AU - Redmond, Michele S AU - Ferraro, Steven P Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1977 EP - 1987 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 14 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - concentration KW - quantitative structure activity relationships KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - bioavailability KW - QSAR KW - equilibrium KW - models KW - partitioning KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - toxicity KW - marine environment KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - estuarine environment KW - sediment quality KW - pore water KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52217585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=PAH%3B+a+model+to+predict+the+toxicity+of+polynuclear+aromatic+hydrocarbon+mixtures+in+field-collected+sediments&rft.au=Swartz%2C+Richard+C%3BSchultz%2C+Donald+W%3BOzretich%2C+Robert+J%3BLamberson%2C+Janet+O%3BCole%2C+Faith+A%3BDeWitt%2C+Theodore+H%3BRedmond%2C+Michele+S%3BFerraro%2C+Steven+P&rft.aulast=Swartz&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1977&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioavailability; concentration; detection; ecosystems; equilibrium; estuarine environment; hydrocarbons; marine environment; models; organic compounds; partitioning; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pore water; prediction; QSAR; quantitative structure activity relationships; risk assessment; sediment quality; sediments; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transformation of benzonitriles in anaerobic sediment and in sediment extract AN - 52216655; 2001-049179 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Masunaga, Shigeki AU - Wolfe, N Lee AU - Carriera, Laura Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1827 EP - 1838 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 14 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - soils KW - benzoic acid KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - bioassays KW - benzonitriles KW - enzymes KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - transformations KW - chemical composition KW - proteins KW - aquatic environment KW - hydrophobic materials KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52216655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+benzonitriles+in+anaerobic+sediment+and+in+sediment+extract&rft.au=Masunaga%2C+Shigeki%3BWolfe%2C+N+Lee%3BCarriera%2C+Laura&rft.aulast=Masunaga&rft.aufirst=Shigeki&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1827&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; anaerobic environment; aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzoic acid; benzonitriles; bioassays; chemical composition; chemical reactions; degradation; enzymes; hydrocarbons; hydrolysis; hydrophobic materials; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; proteins; sediments; soils; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical diffraction tomography; new views on the Shiqmim prehistoric subterranean village site (Israel) AN - 52064820; 2002-065275 JF - Geoarchaeology AU - Witten, Alan J AU - Levy, Thomas E AU - Ursic, James AU - White, Paul Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 97 EP - 118 PB - Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 0883-6353, 0883-6353 KW - tomography KW - geophysical surveys KW - archaeological sites KW - Shiqmim Site KW - surveys KW - Negev KW - Israel KW - Asia KW - Middle East KW - diffraction KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52064820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoarchaeology&rft.atitle=Geophysical+diffraction+tomography%3B+new+views+on+the+Shiqmim+prehistoric+subterranean+village+site+%28Israel%29&rft.au=Witten%2C+Alan+J%3BLevy%2C+Thomas+E%3BUrsic%2C+James%3BWhite%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Witten&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoarchaeology&rft.issn=08836353&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/36011/home LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - archaeological sites; Asia; diffraction; geophysical surveys; Israel; Middle East; Negev; Shiqmim Site; surveys; tomography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpretation of ground-water and geologic data as part of the investigation of metals loading into Chalk Creek, Mary Murphy Mine site, Chaffee County, Colorado AN - 51634996; 2006-011480 AB - From 1990 to 1994 staff from the US EPA Region VIII Water Management Division, the Colorado Department of Natural Resources-Division of Minerals and Geology, the Colorado School of Mines and the US Bureau of Mines have been conducting field investigations at the Mary Murphy abandoned mine site in Charles County, Colorado. Data collection efforts have included surface geophysical surveys, water quality analyses of ground-water and surface samples, biological analysis, surface water flow velocities and volumes, depth to ground water, analysis of cores, tracer tests and mineralogical analyses (analysis of cores and X-ray diffraction). Data collection efforts have focused on site characterization and sources and pathways for metals loading to Chalk Creek. This paper presents the results of analyses of ground-water data, geologic data and geochemical modelling. Data analyses and geochemical modelling focused on characterizing the metals loading to Chalk Creek via ground-water pathways. Ground-water flow in the vicinity of the Mary Murphy mine occurs in the fractured quartz monzonite that host the veins which contain gold and copper, and the thin valley fill sediments that overlie the bedrock. Concentrations of zinc, cadmium, copper, lead, iron and manganese in ground water samples from wells in Chalk Creek valley often exceed drinking water standards and always exceed aquatic life standards. Analyses of ground-water quality data, mineralogy and modelling results indicate that ground-water which moves downward from Chrysolite Mountain to the Chalk Creek valley is subject to rock-water interactions which result in the discharge of ground water with large concentrations of heavy metals to the Golf Tunnel adit and to Chalk Creek. Ground water transport occurs along distinct hydrologic pathways which are controlled by fracture distribution and connectivity, fault zones, mine workings, topography and magnitude of flow in Chalk Creek. Future remedial schemes considered for the Chalk Creek site will need to accommodate the significant metals loading to Chalk Creek that occurs via ground-water pathways. JF - American Institute of Professional Geologists. Annual Meeting Proceedings AU - Wireman, Mike AU - Anctil, Ralph J A2 - Hoyt, William H. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 133 EP - 134 PB - American Institute of Professional Geologists, Denver, CO VL - 32 KW - United States KW - mines KW - Chrysolite Mountain KW - pollutants KW - Chaffee County Colorado KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Chalk Creek KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - movement KW - Mary Murphy Mine KW - Colorado KW - water pollution KW - heavy metals KW - faults KW - abandoned mines KW - fault zones KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51634996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Institute+of+Professional+Geologists.+Annual+Meeting+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Interpretation+of+ground-water+and+geologic+data+as+part+of+the+investigation+of+metals+loading+into+Chalk+Creek%2C+Mary+Murphy+Mine+site%2C+Chaffee+County%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Wireman%2C+Mike%3BAnctil%2C+Ralph+J&rft.aulast=Wireman&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Institute+of+Professional+Geologists.+Annual+Meeting+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 32nd annual meeting of the American Institute of Professional Geologists on Prosperity and professional geology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04024 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; Chaffee County Colorado; Chalk Creek; Chrysolite Mountain; Colorado; environmental analysis; fault zones; faults; fractures; ground water; heavy metals; Mary Murphy Mine; mines; movement; pollutants; pollution; surface water; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precision digital hydroacoustic sediment characterization/analysis in the Trenton Channel of the Detroit River AN - 51571061; 2006-057270 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Caulfield, D D AU - Ostaszewski, A AU - Filkins, J AU - Long, David T AU - Giesy, John P Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 40 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 38 KW - United States KW - North America KW - stream sediments KW - data acquisition KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - pollution KW - Trenton Channel KW - environmental analysis KW - spatial variations KW - Detroit River KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - water pollution KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51571061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Precision+digital+hydroacoustic+sediment+characterization%2Fanalysis+in+the+Trenton+Channel+of+the+Detroit+River&rft.au=Caulfield%2C+D+D%3BOstaszewski%2C+A%3BFilkins%2C+J%3BLong%2C+David+T%3BGiesy%2C+John+P&rft.aulast=Caulfield&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 38th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data acquisition; Detroit River; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Michigan; North America; pollution; rivers and streams; sediments; spatial variations; stream sediments; surface water; Trenton Channel; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A screening survey of sediment contamination in the Ottawa River, Toledo, Ohio AN - 51568136; 2006-057280 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Smith, V E AU - Rathburn, J E AU - Huelantel, L L AU - Wander, J AU - Long, David T AU - Giesy, John P Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 63 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 38 KW - United States KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - Ottawa River KW - organic compounds KW - Toledo Ohio KW - sediments KW - Lucas County Ohio KW - surveys KW - fluvial environment KW - regression analysis KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51568136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=A+screening+survey+of+sediment+contamination+in+the+Ottawa+River%2C+Toledo%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Smith%2C+V+E%3BRathburn%2C+J+E%3BHuelantel%2C+L+L%3BWander%2C+J%3BLong%2C+David+T%3BGiesy%2C+John+P&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 38th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Lucas County Ohio; Ohio; organic compounds; Ottawa River; pollutants; pollution; regression analysis; sediments; statistical analysis; stream sediments; surveys; Toledo Ohio; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimum spacing of extraction wells AN - 51152335; 2004-005568 JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Ahmad, Waqar Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 64 EP - 74 PB - Springer, Berlin Heidelberg VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - computer programs KW - reclamation KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - optimization KW - mathematical models KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - regression analysis KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51152335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=Optimum+spacing+of+extraction+wells&rft.au=Ahmad%2C+Waqar&rft.aulast=Ahmad&rft.aufirst=Waqar&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/102028/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; data processing; ground water; mathematical models; optimization; reclamation; regression analysis; statistical analysis; water resources; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Micro-purge low-flow sampling of uranium-contaminated ground water at the Fernald environmental management project AN - 51058068; 1996-029061 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Shanklin, Dean E AU - Sidle, William C AU - Ferguson, Michelle E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 168 EP - 176 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - techniques KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Great Miami Aquifer KW - aquifers KW - southwestern Ohio KW - detection KW - transport KW - sampling KW - waste disposal KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51058068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Micro-purge+low-flow+sampling+of+uranium-contaminated+ground+water+at+the+Fernald+environmental+management+project&rft.au=Shanklin%2C+Dean+E%3BSidle%2C+William+C%3BFerguson%2C+Michelle+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shanklin&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1st international congress and workshop on ground water problems in Latin America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; detection; Great Miami Aquifer; ground water; observation wells; Ohio; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; sampling; solutes; southwestern Ohio; techniques; transport; United States; waste disposal; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing a National Drinking Water Regulation for disinfection of ground water AN - 51057456; 1996-063761 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Macler, Bruce A Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 77 EP - 84 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - soils KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - medical geology KW - regulations KW - public policy KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - decontamination KW - policy KW - water resources KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51057456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Developing+a+National+Drinking+Water+Regulation+for+disinfection+of+ground+water&rft.au=Macler%2C+Bruce+A&rft.aulast=Macler&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; decontamination; drinking water; ground water; medical geology; microorganisms; policy; pollution; porous materials; public policy; regulations; Safe Drinking Water Act; soils; surface water; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of groundwater impact due to soil contaminants AN - 51029542; 1998-071249 JF - Geotechnical Special Publication AU - Navayogarajah, N AU - Smith, Lawrence D AU - Cooper, Craig F A2 - Acar, Yalcin B. A2 - Daniel, David E. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 285 EP - 299 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 46 SN - 0895-0563, 0895-0563 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - evaluation KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Maricopa County Arizona KW - Goodyear Arizona KW - Arizona KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51029542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotechnical+Special+Publication&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+groundwater+impact+due+to+soil+contaminants&rft.au=Navayogarajah%2C+N%3BSmith%2C+Lawrence+D%3BCooper%2C+Craig+F&rft.aulast=Navayogarajah&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotechnical+Special+Publication&rft.issn=08950563&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geoenvironment 2000; characterization, containment, remediation, and performance in environmental geotechnics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Arizona; data processing; environmental effects; evaluation; Goodyear Arizona; ground water; Maricopa County Arizona; mathematical models; models; pollutants; pollution; soils; Superfund; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bench-scale testing of selected remediation alternatives for contaminated sediments AN - 50157286; 1995-029586 JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Timberlake, Dennis L AU - Garbaciak, Stephen, Jr Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 52 EP - 56 PB - Air & Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Buffalo River KW - soil vapor extraction KW - PCBs KW - remediation KW - Ashtabula River KW - solvents KW - mass balance KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Grand Calumet River KW - Ohio KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50157286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Bench-scale+testing+of+selected+remediation+alternatives+for+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Timberlake%2C+Dennis+L%3BGarbaciak%2C+Stephen%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Timberlake&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Ashtabula River; Buffalo River; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; fluvial environment; Grand Calumet River; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Indiana; mass balance; Michigan; monitoring; New York; Ohio; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; Saginaw River; sediments; soil vapor extraction; solvents; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Horizon-specific oxidation of acid volatile sulfide in relation to the toxicity of cadmium spiked into a freshwater sediment AN - 50151950; 1995-034832 JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Leonard, E N AU - Mattson, V R AU - Ankley, G T Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 78 EP - 84 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg-Berlin VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - Pequaywan Lake KW - toxicity KW - mass balance KW - sediments KW - cadmium KW - Great Lakes KW - acidic composition KW - chemical composition KW - North America KW - Minnesota KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - fresh-water environment KW - nutrients KW - fluctuations KW - volatiles KW - metals KW - cations KW - anaerobic environment KW - Lake Superior KW - sulfides KW - SEM data KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50151950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Horizon-specific+oxidation+of+acid+volatile+sulfide+in+relation+to+the+toxicity+of+cadmium+spiked+into+a+freshwater+sediment&rft.au=Leonard%2C+E+N%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Leonard&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AECTCV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; anaerobic environment; benthic taxa; cadmium; cations; chemical composition; concentration; fluctuations; fresh-water environment; Great Lakes; Lake Superior; mass balance; metals; Minnesota; North America; nutrients; Pequaywan Lake; pollutants; pollution; pore water; sediments; SEM data; sulfides; toxicity; United States; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Movement and loadings of inorganic contaminants through the lower Saginaw River AN - 50136689; 1995-041266 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Moll, Russell A AU - Jude, David AU - Rossmann, Ronald AU - Kantak, Gail V AU - Barres, James AU - DeBoe, Scott AU - Giesy, John AU - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 17 EP - 34 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [Shelburne, ON] VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - zinc KW - copper KW - lead KW - solution KW - iron KW - temperature KW - carbon KW - movement KW - Great Lakes KW - organic carbon KW - discharge KW - geochemistry KW - heavy metals KW - organic materials KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - North America KW - Bay City Michigan KW - Lake Huron KW - loading KW - Saginaw River KW - statistical analysis KW - suspension KW - pollution KW - Bay County Michigan KW - hydrochemistry KW - Saginaw Bay KW - inorganic materials KW - nutrients KW - provenance KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - seasonal variations KW - Michigan KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50136689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Movement+and+loadings+of+inorganic+contaminants+through+the+lower+Saginaw+River&rft.au=Moll%2C+Russell+A%3BJude%2C+David%3BRossmann%2C+Ronald%3BKantak%2C+Gail+V%3BBarres%2C+James%3BDeBoe%2C+Scott%3BGiesy%2C+John%3BTuchman%2C+Marc&rft.aulast=Moll&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - ON] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bay City Michigan; Bay County Michigan; carbon; copper; discharge; geochemistry; Great Lakes; heavy metals; hydrochemistry; inorganic materials; iron; Lake Huron; lead; loading; metals; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; movement; North America; nutrients; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; pollution; provenance; Saginaw Bay; Saginaw River; seasonal variations; solution; statistical analysis; suspension; temperature; United States; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The occurrence of agricultural chemicals in Illinois' rural private wells; results from the pilot study AN - 50125862; 1995-052996 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Mehnert, Edward AU - Schock, Susan C AU - Barnhardt, Michael L AU - Caughey, Michael E AU - Chou, Sheng-Fu J AU - Dey, William S AU - Dreher, Gary B AU - Ray, Chittaranjan Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 142 EP - 149 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Effingham County Illinois KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - stochastic processes KW - sampling KW - Livingston County Illinois KW - agrochemicals KW - nitrate ion KW - chemical composition KW - concentration KW - Illinois KW - pollutants KW - Piatt County Illinois KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - Kankakee County Illinois KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - atrazine KW - pesticides KW - Mason County Illinois KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50125862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=The+occurrence+of+agricultural+chemicals+in+Illinois%27+rural+private+wells%3B+results+from+the+pilot+study&rft.au=Mehnert%2C+Edward%3BSchock%2C+Susan+C%3BBarnhardt%2C+Michael+L%3BCaughey%2C+Michael+E%3BChou%2C+Sheng-Fu+J%3BDey%2C+William+S%3BDreher%2C+Gary+B%3BRay%2C+Chittaranjan&rft.aulast=Mehnert&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; aquifers; atrazine; chemical composition; concentration; detection; Effingham County Illinois; ground water; herbicides; Illinois; Kankakee County Illinois; Livingston County Illinois; Mason County Illinois; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pesticides; Piatt County Illinois; pollutants; pollution; sampling; stochastic processes; triazines; United States; water quality; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fluorescein fluorescence intensity in the presence of gasoline-contaminated water AN - 50123530; 1995-052923 JF - Journal of Environmental Systems AU - Field, Malcolm S AU - Mushrush, George Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 329 EP - 336 PB - Baywood Publishing, Farmingdale, NY VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 0047-2433, 0047-2433 KW - organic materials KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - gasoline KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - migration of elements KW - petroleum products KW - ground water KW - fluorescein KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - fluorescence KW - tracers KW - hydrocarbons KW - springs KW - discharge KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50123530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Systems&rft.atitle=Fluorescein+fluorescence+intensity+in+the+presence+of+gasoline-contaminated+water&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S%3BMushrush%2C+George&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Systems&rft.issn=00472433&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chemical composition; detection; discharge; fluorescein; fluorescence; gasoline; ground water; hydrocarbons; migration of elements; organic compounds; organic materials; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; springs; suspended materials; toxic materials; tracers; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of contaminant time-of-travel for risk assessments at waste sites in unconfined karst aquifers AN - 50076693; 1996-011313 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Field, Malcolm S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 181 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - wells KW - chemical dispersion KW - Darcy's law KW - pollution KW - karst KW - advection KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - sinkholes KW - residence time KW - tracers KW - velocity KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - solution features KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50076693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+contaminant+time-of-travel+for+risk+assessments+at+waste+sites+in+unconfined+karst+aquifers&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aquifers; chemical dispersion; Darcy's law; ground water; karst; pollution; quantitative analysis; residence time; risk assessment; sinkholes; solution features; tracers; transport; unconfined aquifers; velocity; waste disposal; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immune function testing for the identification and characterisation of immunotoxicity in rodents AN - 21072247; 11127079 JF - Human & Experimental Toxicology AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, USA Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - Jan 1995 SP - 135 EP - 136 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0960-3271, 0960-3271 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Immunotoxicity KW - Immune response KW - X 24490:Other UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21072247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+%26+Experimental+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Immune+function+testing+for+the+identification+and+characterisation+of+immunotoxicity+in+rodents&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+%26+Experimental+Toxicology&rft.issn=09603271&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F096032719501400133 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immunotoxicity; Immune response DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719501400133 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead Levels in the Household Environment of Children in 3 High-Risk Communities in California AN - 17168572; 4460209 AB - To assess environmental lead contamination in the household environment of children in high-risk areas of California, three urban locations were surveyed by the California Department of Health Services. Plant, soil, and dust lead levels were measured and a questionnaire was administered. This survey estimates that 3 million homes in California (27%) may have exterior paint lead levels greater than or equal to 5000 ppm, and 1.3 million homes (12%) may have interior paint lead levels greater than or equal to 5000 ppm. The highest concentrations of lead in paint were found on exterior surfaces and, for homes built between 1920 and 1959, on trim. Age of housing was the best predictor of lead in soil and dust; homes built before 1920 were 10 times more likely to have soil lead levels greater than or equal to 500 ppm compared to post-1950 homes. Most of the variability in dust lead levels could not be explained by factors measured in this survey. Sources of lead in the home were more highly correlated with lead dust concentration levels than they were with lead dust loading levels. Households with members reporting a lead job were twice as likely to have high dust lead levels compared to households with no one reporting a lead job. The significant differences in dust lead concentration levels between communities were not reflected in differences in dust lead loading levels. Measuring dust lead loading levels does not appear to be a meaningful sampling method for risk assessment in the context of prioritizing abatement. JF - Environmental Research AU - Sutton, P AU - Athanasoulis, M AU - Flessel, P AU - Guirguis, G AU - Haan, M AU - Schlag, R AU - Goldman, L AD - Calif Publ Hlth Fdn, 2151 Berkeley Way, Annex 11, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; Impact Assessment Inc, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Environm Hlth Lab Branch, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA and US EPA, Off Prevent Pesticides & Tox Subst, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - Jan 1995 SP - 45 EP - 57 PB - Academic Press VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - USA, California KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Heavy metals KW - Environmental health KW - Lead KW - Soil KW - Soil contamination KW - Risk assessment KW - Dust KW - Urban areas KW - Houses KW - Children KW - Plants KW - Paints KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17168572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Lead+Levels+in+the+Household+Environment+of+Children+in+3+High-Risk+Communities+in+California&rft.au=Sutton%2C+P%3BAthanasoulis%2C+M%3BFlessel%2C+P%3BGuirguis%2C+G%3BHaan%2C+M%3BSchlag%2C+R%3BGoldman%2C+L&rft.aulast=Sutton&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lead; Soil; Urban areas; Dust; Children; Soil contamination; Paints; Risk assessment; Environmental health; Heavy metals; Plants; Houses ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of piperonyl butoxide on the toxicity of organophosphate insecticides to three species of freshwater benthic invertebrates AN - 17063274; 3889336 AB - Toxicity tests were conducted with amphipods (Hyalella azteca), chironomids (Chironomus tentans) and oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus) exposed to a series of organophosphate insecticides in the absence or presence of piperonyl butoxide (PBO), an inhibitor of cytochrome(s) P450. Piperonyl butoxide effectively reduced the toxicity to H. azteca and C. tentans of three organophosphates (diazinon, chlorpyrifos, azinphos-methyl) which undergo metabolic activation by cytochrome(s) P450. Coadministration of PBO with another organophosphate (dichlorvos) which is not activated by cytochrome(s) P450, did not reduce the toxicity to the two species. Lumbriculus variegatus was relatively insensitive to the organophosphates, and PBO did not reduce their toxicity to the oligochaete. These data indicate that both H. azteca and C. tentans possess cytochrome P450-mediated MOs capable of metabolizing organic xenobiotics. However, the degree to which L. variegatus might be capable of the oxidative metabolism of organic xenobiotics is uncertain. JF - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C AU - Ankley, G T AU - Collyard, SA AD - US EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 149 EP - 155 VL - 110C IS - 2 SN - 0742-8413, 0742-8413 KW - Chironomidae KW - Chironomus tentans KW - Diptera KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Lumbriculus variegatus KW - cytochromes KW - enzyme inhibitors KW - invertebrates KW - neurotoxins KW - organophosphorus pesticides KW - synergism KW - toxicology KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - benthos KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - insecticides KW - Q1 08246:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Z 05183:Toxicology & resistance KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17063274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Biochemistry+and+Physiology%2C+C&rft.atitle=Influence+of+piperonyl+butoxide+on+the+toxicity+of+organophosphate+insecticides+to+three+species+of+freshwater+benthic+invertebrates&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BCollyard%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=110C&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+Biochemistry+and+Physiology%2C+C&rft.issn=07428413&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; enzyme inhibitors; neurotoxins; toxicity; synergism; toxicology; benthos; cytochromes; organophosphorus pesticides; invertebrates; Hyalella azteca; Lumbriculus variegatus; Chironomidae; Chironomus tentans; Diptera; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial colonization, respiration, and breakdown of maple leaves along a stream-marsh continuum AN - 17051438; 3880652 AB - Breakdown rates, macroinvertebrate and bacterial colonization, and microbial respiration were measured on decaying maple (Acer saccharum) leaves at three sites along a stream-marsh continuum. Breakdown rates (-k plus or minus SE) were 0.0284 plus or minus 0.0045/d for leaves in a high-gradient, non-tidal stream; 0.0112 plus or minus 0.0019/d for leaves at the confluence of the stream with a tidal, freshwater marsh; and 0.0062 plus or minus 0.0009/d for leaves in the tidal, freshwater marsh. Breakdown rates were significantly faster (ANCOVA, F<0.008) at the high-gradient, non-tidal stream site and at the tidal stream site than in the tidal marsh. Macroinvertebrate density on decaying leaves was low at all sites (<7 organisms/g AFDM leaf mass) and was dominated by chironomids and amphipods. Bacterial density on decaying leaves ranged from 8.56 x 10 super(8) CFU/g AFDM leaf mass to 13.38 x 10 super(8) CFU/g AFDM. Cumulative microbial respiration, calculated as the product of mean respiration on a sampling date, days in the interval preceding the sampling date, and hours per day, accounted for 34.3 plus or minus 6.0%, 53.0 plus or minus 4.8%, and 51.5 plus or minus 7.9% of the leaf mass loss (as carbon) at these sites. Although the breakdown rate was fastest at the non-tidal stream site, significantly less leaf mass was lost through microbial respiration. Most mass loss from leaves at this site was probably due to physical processing associated with stream habitats. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Hill, B H AU - Perrotte, WT Jr AD - U.S. EPA, 3411 Church St., Cincinnati, OH 45244, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 11 EP - 16 VL - 312 IS - 1 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Acer saccharum KW - aquatic bacteria KW - colonization KW - freshwater crustaceans KW - freshwater ecology KW - streams KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - respiration KW - Freshwater KW - leaves KW - detritus KW - USA, New York, Hudson R. KW - biodegradation KW - marshes KW - bacteria KW - microorganisms KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - J 02905:Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17051438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Microbial+colonization%2C+respiration%2C+and+breakdown+of+maple+leaves+along+a+stream-marsh+continuum&rft.au=Hill%2C+B+H%3BPerrotte%2C+WT+Jr&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=312&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - respiration; biodegradation; freshwater ecology; marshes; bacteria; detritus; leaves; freshwater crustaceans; colonization; microorganisms; aquatic bacteria; streams; Acer saccharum; USA, New York, Hudson R.; Freshwater ER - TY - CONF T1 - Effects of elevated CO sub(2) and nitrogen on ponderosa pine fine roots and associated fungal components AN - 17051262; 3874850 AB - The effects of CO sub(2) and nitrogen treatments on ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex P. Laws. & C. Laws.) fine roots and associated fungal structures were monitored for a year (October 1992 to October 1993) using a minirhizotron camera system. The trees were grown in native soil in open-top field-exposure chambers at Placerville, CA and exposed to ambient ( similar to 350 mu mol mol super(-1)) air or ambient air plus either 175 or 350 mu mol mol super(-1) CO sub(2) and three levels of nitrogen addition (0, 100 and 200 kg ha super(-1)); however, the 100 kg ha super(-1) N treatment at ambient plus 175 mu mol mol super(-1) CO sub(2) treatment was omitted from the experimental design. Roots were classified as new, white, brown, decaying or missing and their lengths and diameters measured. The occurrence of mycorrhizae and fungal hyphae was also recorded. The majority (>90%) of roots observed were smaller than 2 mm and the mean diameter decreased during the study. None of the root parameters measured showed a significant response to elevated CO sub(2). The elevated CO sub(2) treatments consistently showed an increase in root area density averaging 50% larger compared to ambient CO sub(2), but this response was not statistically significant due to the high spatial variability of root distribution. Only new root area density showed a significant nitrogen response. The most new roots were initiated between April and June and the highest level of root loss occurred between June and August. The occurrence of mycorrhizae and fungal hyphae increased in response to CO sub(2) treatment but not the nitrogen. Their highest levels of occurrence were during August and October 93. JF - Journal of Biogeography AU - Tingey, D T AU - Johnson, M G AU - Phillips, D L AU - Storm, MJ Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 281 EP - 287 VL - 22 IS - 2-3 KW - carbon dioxide KW - nitrogen KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - roots KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - growth rate KW - mycorrhizas KW - assimilation KW - soil microorganisms KW - D 04635:Conifers KW - D 04623:Fungi KW - A 01044:General KW - K 03096:Mycorrhiza UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17051262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biogeography&rft.atitle=Effects+of+elevated+CO+sub%282%29+and+nitrogen+on+ponderosa+pine+fine+roots+and+associated+fungal+components&rft.au=Tingey%2C+D+T%3BJohnson%2C+M+G%3BPhillips%2C+D+L%3BStorm%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Tingey&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biogeography&rft.issn=03050270&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of forest inventories and geographic information systems to estimate biomass density of tropical forests: Application to tropical Africa AN - 17044203; 3876700 AB - One of the most important databases needed for estimating emissions of carbon dioxide resulting from changes in the cover, use, and management of tropical forests is the total quantity of biomass per unit area, referred to as biomass density. Forest inventories have been shown to be valuable sources of data for estimating biomass density, but inventories for the tropics are few in number and their quality is poor. This lack of reliable data has been overcome by use of a promising approach that produces geographically referenced estimates by modeling in a geographic information system (GIS). This approach has been used to produce geographically referenced, spatial distributions of potential and actual (circa 1980) aboveground biomass density of all forests types in tropical Africa. Potential and actual biomass density estimates ranged from 33 to 412 Mg ha super(-1) (10 super(6)g ha super(-1)) and 20 to 299 Mg ha super(-1), respectively, for very dry lowland to moist lowland forests and from 78 to 197 Mg ha super(-1) and 37 to 105 Mg ha super(-1), respectively, for montane-seasonal to montane-moist forests. Of the 37 countries included in this study, more than half (51%) contained forests that had less than 60% of their potential biomass. Actual biomass density for forest vegetation was lowest in Botswana, Niger, Somalia, and Zimbabwe (about 10 to 15 Mg ha super(-1)). Highest estimates for actual biomass density were found in Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and Liberia (305 to 344 Mg ha super(-1)). Results from this research effort can contribute to reducing uncertainty in the inventory of country-level emission by providing consistent estimates of biomass density at subnational scales that can be used with other similarly scaled databases on change in land cover and use. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Brown, S AU - Gaston, G AD - U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvalis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 157 EP - 168 VL - 38 IS - 2-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - forests KW - biomass KW - emission inventories KW - vegetation KW - carbon dioxide KW - geographic information systems KW - Africa KW - tropical environments KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17044203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Use+of+forest+inventories+and+geographic+information+systems+to+estimate+biomass+density+of+tropical+forests%3A+Application+to+tropical+Africa&rft.au=Brown%2C+S%3BGaston%2C+G&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: African Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories and Mitigation Options: Forestry, LAnd-Use Change, and Agriculture. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; forests; tropical environments; biomass; geographic information systems; carbon dioxide; vegetation; emission inventories ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological risk assessment for chemical stressors: Challenges in predictive ecotoxicology research AN - 17030647; 3865910 AB - Environmental management decisions are increasingly based on the results of ecological risk assessments that require data and models to establish the likelihood of adverse ecological effects that may occur or are occurring as a result of exposure to one or more stressors. Research to support ecological risk assessments for chemical stressors must include a predictive capability. The great number of chemicals, species and habitats (exposure conditions) associated with prospective and retrospective management decisions precludes the use of empirical testing as the sole means to fill data gaps. Therefore, strategic laboratory and field testing must be undertaken in the context of a modeling strategy that is based on ecologically-relevant toxicological endpoints and mechanistically-sound toxicological hypotheses. The development of quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) to predict the toxicity of untested chemicals has evolved from a chemical-class perspective to one that is more consistent with assumptions regarding modes of toxic action. To improve the means of extrapolating adverse effects across species and exposure regimes, physiologically-based toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic models must be linked with a greater array of mechanistically-based QSAR techniques. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Bradbury, S P AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 3 EP - 9 VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - ecosystem management KW - environmental studies KW - models KW - risk assessment KW - structure-activity relationships KW - xenobiotics KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - environment management KW - toxicology KW - Brackish KW - mathematical models KW - Freshwater KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17030647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Ecological+risk+assessment+for+chemical+stressors%3A+Challenges+in+predictive+ecotoxicology+research&rft.au=Bradbury%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Bradbury&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - models; ecosystem management; toxicology; environment management; mathematical models; structure-activity relationships; risk assessment; environmental studies; xenobiotics; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of pH and hardness on toxicity of ammonia to the amphipod Hyalella azteca AN - 17019929; 3852937 AB - The amphipod Hyalella azteca is frequently used for freshwater sediment tests throughout North America. A common potential toxicant in sediments is ammonia. Our objective was to characterize the influence of two key water quality variables, pH and hardness, on toxicity of ammonia to the amphipod. Data suggests that in softer water the amphipod was quite sensitive to the ionized (NH sub(4) super(+)) form of ammonia. This contrasts with most other species that have been tested, which typically are more sensitive to un-ionized (NH sub(3)) ammonia than to NH sub(4) super(+). These data provide baseline values for interpreting the possible contribution of ammonia to sediment toxicity in tests conducted with H. azteca and also indicate that in some situations NH sub(4) super(+) may be important in determining ammonia toxicity. JF - Canadian journal of fisheries and aquatic sciences/Journal canadien des sciences halieutiques et aquatiques. Ottawa ON AU - Ankley, G T AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M K AU - Monson, P D AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2078 EP - 2083 VL - 52 IS - 10 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - test organisms KW - water hardness KW - pollution indicators KW - ammonia KW - toxicity tests KW - bioassays KW - sediment pollution KW - Freshwater KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Amphipoda KW - freshwater crustaceans KW - pH effects KW - calcium carbonates KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17019929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+journal+of+fisheries+and+aquatic+sciences%2FJournal+canadien+des+sciences+halieutiques+et+aquatiques.+Ottawa+ON&rft.atitle=Influence+of+pH+and+hardness+on+toxicity+of+ammonia+to+the+amphipod+Hyalella+azteca&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+M+K%3BMonson%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2078&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+journal+of+fisheries+and+aquatic+sciences%2FJournal+canadien+des+sciences+halieutiques+et+aquatiques.+Ottawa+ON&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - test organisms; water hardness; pollution indicators; bioassays; toxicity tests; ammonia; sediment pollution; freshwater crustaceans; pH effects; calcium carbonates; Hyalella azteca; Amphipoda; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exhaust emissions from in-use alternative fuel vehicles AN - 17019323; 3848801 AB - This study examines exhaust emissions from 11 vehicles tested on compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, methanol, ethanol, and reformulated gasoline fuels (22 vehicle/fuel combinations). The paper highlights ozone precursor and toxic emissions. Emission rates from some of the presumably well-maintained, low-mileage test vehicles were higher than expected, but fuel effects were consistent with findings of similar studies. Aggregate toxic and non-methane organic emission rates from the variable/flexible fuel vehicles were higher with alcohol fuels than with reformulated gasoline. Lower specific reactivities for emissions with the alcohol fuels offset this negative trait. Specific reactivities of the organic emissions with the alternative fuels were consistently lower than those with the gasoline blends. Compressed natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas fuels had the lowest values. Although specific reactivities were expected to vary from fuel-to-fuel, they also varied considerably from vehicle-to-vehicle. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Gabele, P AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 770 EP - 777 VL - 45 IS - 10 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - motor vehicles KW - emission inventories KW - exhaust emissions KW - fuel technology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17019323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Exhaust+emissions+from+in-use+alternative+fuel+vehicles&rft.au=Gabele%2C+P&rft.aulast=Gabele&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=770&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - motor vehicles; exhaust emissions; fuel technology; emission inventories ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of increased solar ultraviolet radiation on biogeochemical cycles AN - 17011565; 3848713 AB - Increases in solar UV radiation could affect terrestrial and aquatic biogeochemical cycles thus altering both sources and sinks of greenhouse and chemically-important trace gases (e.g., carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)), carbon monoxide (CO), carbonyl sulfide (COS)). In terrestrial ecosystems, increased UV-B could modify both the production and decomposition of plant matter with concomitant changes in the uptake and release of atmospherically-important trace gases. Decomposition processes can be accelerated when UV-B photodegrades surface litter, or retarded when the dominant effect involves changes in the chemical composition of living tissues that reduce the biodegradability of buried litter. These changes in decomposition can affect microbial production of carbon dioxide and other trace gases, and also may affect the availability of nutrients essential for plant growth. Primary production can be reduced by enhanced UV-B, but the effect is variable between species and even cultivars of some crops. Likewise, the effects of enhanced UV-B on photoproduction of CO from plant matter is species dependent and occurs more efficiently from dead than living matter. Aquatic ecosystem studies in several different locations have shown that reductions in current levels of solar UV-B result in enhanced primary production, and Antarctic experiments under the ozone hole demonstrated that primary production is inhibited by enhanced UV-B. In addition to its effects on primary production, solar UV radiation can reduce bacterioplankton growth in the upper ocean with potentially important effects on marine biogeochemical cycles. Decomposition processes can be retarded when bacterial activity is suppressed by enhanced UV-B radiation or stimulated when solar UV radiation photodegrades aquatic dissolved organic matter (DOM). Photodegradation of DOM results in loss of UV absorption and formation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), CO, and organic substrates that are readily mineralized or taken up by aquatic microorganisms. The marine sulfur cycle may be affected by UV-B radiation resulting in possible changes in the sea-to-air emissions of COS and dimethylsulfide (DMS), two gases that are degraded to sulfate aerosols in the stratosphere and troposphere, respectively. JF - Ambio. Stockholm AU - Zepp, R G AU - Callaghan, T V AU - Erickson, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 960 College Stn. Rd., Athens, GA 30605-2720, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 181 EP - 187 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0044-7447, 0044-7447 KW - U.V. radiation KW - aquatic microorganisms KW - decomposition KW - light effects KW - soil microorganisms KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - photosynthesis KW - biogeochemistry KW - Freshwater KW - Marine KW - biodegradation KW - Brackish KW - primary production KW - solar radiation KW - A 01047:General KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17011565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ambio.+Stockholm&rft.atitle=Effects+of+increased+solar+ultraviolet+radiation+on+biogeochemical+cycles&rft.au=Zepp%2C+R+G%3BCallaghan%2C+T+V%3BErickson%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Zepp&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ambio.+Stockholm&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - light effects; biodegradation; photosynthesis; biogeochemistry; solar radiation; primary production; ultraviolet radiation; aquatic microorganisms; U.V. radiation; soil microorganisms; decomposition; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of VOCs in ambient air using multisorbent packings for VOC accumulation and sample drying AN - 17010546; 3848804 AB - Solid multisorbent packings have been characterized for trapping and release efficiency of trace (10-20 ppbv in humidified zero air) volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The use of a two-stage trapping system reduces sample water content typically by more than 95.5% while maintaining a trapping and release efficiency of 100% for 49 VOCs, including eight water-soluble VOCs. Three combinations of primary tube and focusing tube are examined in detail by using an atomic emission detector to monitor hydrogen as an indication of residual water vapor, and to monitor either chlorine, bromine, or carbon for target VOCs. Linearity of response to individual VOCs, the presence of artifacts, and a laboratory monitoring application are also discussed. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - McClenny, WA AU - Oliver, K D AU - Daughtrey, EH Jr AD - Atmospheric Res. and Exposure Assessment Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 792 EP - 800 VL - 45 IS - 10 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution monitoring KW - volatile organic compounds KW - air sampling KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17010546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+VOCs+in+ambient+air+using+multisorbent+packings+for+VOC+accumulation+and+sample+drying&rft.au=McClenny%2C+WA%3BOliver%2C+K+D%3BDaughtrey%2C+EH+Jr&rft.aulast=McClenny&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=792&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - volatile organic compounds; air sampling; pollution monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling distribution system water quality: Regulatory implications AN - 17009049; 3842560 AB - Passage of the Safe Drinking Water Act in 1974 and its Amendments in 1986 (SDWAA) is changing the way water is treated and delivered in the United States. Under the SDWAA the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is required to regulate chemical contaminants and pathogenic microorganisms in drinking water. Emphasis has shifted from a primary concern with treated drinking water to attainment of standards at the point of consumption. Two regulations promulgated under the SDWAA, the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) and the Total Coliform Rule (TCR) specify treatment and monitoring requirements that must be met by all public water suppliers. This paper will examine the effect of various system variables on chlorine residual propagation. A recently proposed model (EPANET) will be utilized to examine the extent of fluid velocity and pipe radius on chlorine demand. The effect of these variables on the maintenance of chlorine residuals will be demonstrated. It will be shown that the same variables that affect the propagation of chlorine residual levels can potentially affect disinfection efficacy and the formation of disinfection by-products. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Clark, R M AU - Rossman, LA AU - Wymer, L J AD - Drinking Water Res. Div., RREL, U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 423 EP - 428 VL - 121 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - water distribution KW - water quality standards KW - regulations KW - chlorine KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - federal regulations KW - government policy KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - drinking water KW - legislation KW - pipes KW - USA KW - disinfection KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17009049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Modeling+distribution+system+water+quality%3A+Regulatory+implications&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BRossman%2C+LA%3BWymer%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water distribution; water quality standards; drinking water; regulations; legislation; chlorine; disinfection; pipes; water quality; USA; Safe Drinking Water Act; federal regulations; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concentrations and phase distributions of nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air AN - 17002168; 3827760 AB - The concentrations of nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in ambient air, both in the vapor phase and adsorbed on airborne particles, were measured over a 12-month period in Houston, Texas. Seasonal variations in the levels of the target compounds were weakly related to changes in ambient temperature, but more strongly related to fluctuations in the levels of ozone (O sub(3)), nitrogen dioxide (NO sub(2)), and other oxides of nitrogen (NO sub(x)). Phase distributions of the target compounds were determined by the denuder difference method. These phase distributions varied greatly over 12 months and were related to the molecular sizes, hence vapor pressures, of the compounds, but few significant associations were found between the percentages of compounds present in the vapor phase and ambient temperatures. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Wilson, N K AU - McCurdy, T R AU - Chuang, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Exposure Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2575 EP - 2584 VL - 29 IS - 19 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ozone KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - nitrogen oxides KW - seasonal variations KW - air sampling KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - USA, Texas, Houston KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17002168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Concentrations+and+phase+distributions+of+nitrated+and+oxygenated+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+ambient+air&rft.au=Wilson%2C+N+K%3BMcCurdy%2C+T+R%3BChuang%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=2575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Texas, Houston; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; seasonal variations; air sampling; ozone; nitrogen dioxide; nitrogen oxides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of the bacteriological quality of compost from a yard waste processing facility AN - 17001030; 3840141 AB - Citizen concern over possible pathogenic microorganism contamination in compost and in a runoff collection pond prompted a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) investigation. One out of eight samples collected from the distribution pile at a yard waste compost processing facility in Knoxville, Tennessee, was found to have 2.3 x 10 super(3) MPN/g fecal coliform, no Escherichia coli (E. coli) were detected. All other distribution pile samples proved to be negative for fecal coliform. The geometric mean of the eight samples was found to be less than 38 MPN/g, well below the 1,000 MPN/g limit for land application of class A municipal sludges treated by an acceptable composting process. Samples obtained from the processing pile area before and after shredding had an average fecal coliform density of greater than 5.0 x 10 super(5) MPN/g, and an average E. coli density of 6.0 x 10 super(4) or 7.4 x 10 super(4) MPN/g depending upon the analytical technique used. The origin of these microorganisms was not determined, though it appears unlikely that on-site contamination is responsible for these observations. Information from fecal coliform research in Canada, Hawaii, and the northeastern U.S. suggests that the fecal coliform levels observed in unprocessed yard wastes may represent normal background flora. JF - Compost Science & Utilization AU - Meckes, M C AU - Rice, E W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Rock, S AD - U.S. EPA Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 6 EP - 13 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1065-657X, 1065-657X KW - yard wastes KW - compost KW - USA, Tennessee, Knoxville KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts KW - coliforms KW - pathogens KW - runoff KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17001030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Compost+Science+%26+Utilization&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+the+bacteriological+quality+of+compost+from+a+yard+waste+processing+facility&rft.au=Meckes%2C+M+C%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BRock%2C+S&rft.aulast=Meckes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Compost+Science+%26+Utilization&rft.issn=1065657X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - yard wastes; compost; pathogens; coliforms; runoff ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a laboratory method for estimation of hydrogen chloride emission potential of incinerator feed materials AN - 17000235; 3827740 AB - A laboratory method was developed to provide an estimate of the amount of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas formed during waste incineration. The method involves heating the waste sample to 900 degree C in a tube furnace, removing particles from the resulting gases by filtration, collecting HCl gas in a water-filled impinger, and measuring the collected HCl as chloride using ion chromatography. The original goal of this project was to develop and evaluate a method that would allow determining, in the laboratory, the amount of HCl formed upon full-scale incineration of a given hazardous waste feed material. Although the laboratory equipment and procedures performed as designed, the data show that results are very sensitive to materials of construction of the furnace zone, availability of hydrogen, and probably other factors that are difficult to translate accurately from laboratory to full-scale equipment. This paper describes the test method developed, the evaluation experiments performed, and the basis for the conclusion that the method is not applicable to accurate prediction of hydrogen chloride emissions from hazardous waste incinerators. JF - Hazardous Waste & Hazardous Materials AU - Johnson, L D AU - Fuerst, R G AU - Logan, T J AU - Midgett, M R AU - Peterson, M R AU - Albritton, J AU - Jayanty, RKM AD - Source Methods Res. Branch, Methods Res. and Dev. Div., Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assess. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 61 EP - 70 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0882-5696, 0882-5696 KW - hydrogen chloride KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - emission measurements KW - incineration KW - hazardous wastes KW - H SE3.23:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17000235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hazardous+Waste+%26+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+laboratory+method+for+estimation+of+hydrogen+chloride+emission+potential+of+incinerator+feed+materials&rft.au=Johnson%2C+L+D%3BFuerst%2C+R+G%3BLogan%2C+T+J%3BMidgett%2C+M+R%3BPeterson%2C+M+R%3BAlbritton%2C+J%3BJayanty%2C+RKM&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hazardous+Waste+%26+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=08825696&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hazardous wastes; incineration; emission measurements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of indigo and related compounds from indolecarboxylic acids by aromatic acid-degrading bacteria: Chromogenic reactions for cloning genes encoding dioxygenases that act on aromatic acids AN - 16997350; 3832235 AB - The p-cumate-degrading strain Pseudomonas putida F1 and the m- and p-toluate-degrading strain P. putida mt-2 transform indole-2-carboxylate and indole-3-carboxylate to colored products identified here as indigo, indirubin, and isatin. A mechanism by which these products could be formed spontaneously following dioxygenase-catalyzed dihydroxylation of the indolecarboxylates is proposed. Indolecarboxylates were employed as chromogenic substrates for identifying recombinant bacteria carrying genes encoding p-cumate dioxygenase and toluate dioxygenase. Dioxygenase gene-carrying bacteria could be readily distinguished as dark green-blue colonies among other colorless recombinant Escherichia coli colonies on selective agar plates containing either indole-2-carboxylate or indole-3-carboxylate. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Eaton, R W AU - Chapman, P J AD - Gulf Ecol. Div., Natl. Health Environ. Effects Res. Lab. U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 6983 EP - 6988 VL - 177 IS - 23 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - indigo KW - dioxygenase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - degradation KW - aromatic compounds KW - Escherichia coli KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16997350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Formation+of+indigo+and+related+compounds+from+indolecarboxylic+acids+by+aromatic+acid-degrading+bacteria%3A+Chromogenic+reactions+for+cloning+genes+encoding+dioxygenases+that+act+on+aromatic+acids&rft.au=Eaton%2C+R+W%3BChapman%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=177&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=6983&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudomonas putida; Escherichia coli; aromatic compounds; degradation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of water quality and primary productivity in Perdido Bay, a northern Gulf of Mexico estuary AN - 16995872; 3843299 AB - Perdido Bay is a shallow estuarine system of approximately 130 km super(2) with three major freshwater inputs. On a seasonal basis the productivity and chlorophyll a concentration of phytoplankton in Perdido Bay are controlled by temperature. One input, Eleven Mile Creek, is influenced by a paper mill discharge. Eleven Mile Creek exhibits high levels of light attenuation, high concentrations of dissolved nutrients, and low rates of carbon fixation that are significantly different from the other inputs or areas of Perdido Bay and productivity in Eleven Mile Creek is light limited. Upper Perdido Bay had slightly elevated concentrations of dissolved nutrients which correlate with significantly higher rates of carbon fixation and phytoplankton biomass. Nutrients and color from Eleven Mile Creek are diluted by the Perdido River inflow, restricting nutrient and light limitations to the area at the mouth of Eleven Mile Creek. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Macauley, J M AU - Engle, V D AU - Summers, J K AU - Clark, J R AU - Flemer, DA AD - U.S. EPA, Sabine Isl., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 191 EP - 205 VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Perdido Bay KW - USA, Florida, Perdido Bay KW - light penetration KW - nutrients KW - primary production KW - primary productivity KW - spatial distribution KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - phytoplankton KW - estuaries KW - eutrophication KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - K 03049:Algae KW - D 04210:Coastal ecosystems KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16995872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+water+quality+and+primary+productivity+in+Perdido+Bay%2C+a+northern+Gulf+of+Mexico+estuary&rft.au=Macauley%2C+J+M%3BEngle%2C+V+D%3BSummers%2C+J+K%3BClark%2C+J+R%3BFlemer%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Macauley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; water quality; phytoplankton; eutrophication; primary production; light penetration; nutrients; spatial distribution; primary productivity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and organic matter dynamics of a human-impacted pine forest in a MAB reserve of subtropical China AN - 16992714; 3828996 AB - A common practice by rural people in China is to harvest litter and understory from forests to meet their fuel needs. Our study was to determine the impact of this practice occurring for over 40 yr, on the storages and flows of organic matter in a native pine forest in the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve. This forest was established to rehabilitate severely degraded lands, and trees were not allowed to be harvested but understory plants and litter were harvested. Despite the initial condition of the site, its relatively young state, and the continued removal of understory plants and litter, there was total of 45 plant species in the study site. The total standing stock of organic matter was 135 Mg ha super(-1) with about 60 percent in the trees and 28 percent in the top 10 cm of soil. Understory and litter, the two components harvested, were about 4 percent of the total standing stock. Total aboveground biomass production was 8.4 Mg ha super(-1) yr super(-1), with about 45 percent contributed by the understory. The average annual amount of litter and understory harvested (3.3 Mg ha super(-1)) was 55 percent of the annual production. Compared with adjacent similar-aged broadleaf and mixed pine-broadleaf forests and other tropical pine forests where organic materials were not harvested, our site had less structural complexity and was cycling organic matter more slowly than its potential. Harvesting the net production of trees, with a replanting program, coupled with litter removal only provided the same quantity of organic matter, but was proposed as a more efficient method of fuel production because it would allow the soil organic matter, soil fertility, and tree regeneration to improve, while at the same time provide a higher quality fuel and reduce the time expended by women in fuel gathering. JF - Biotropica AU - Brown, S AU - Lenart, M AU - Mo, Jiangming AU - Kong, Guohui AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 276 EP - 289 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3606, 0006-3606 KW - China KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - nutrient dynamics KW - forest management KW - harvesting KW - Pinus massoniana KW - D 04126:Tropical forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16992714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotropica&rft.atitle=Structure+and+organic+matter+dynamics+of+a+human-impacted+pine+forest+in+a+MAB+reserve+of+subtropical+China&rft.au=Brown%2C+S%3BLenart%2C+M%3BMo%2C+Jiangming%3BKong%2C+Guohui&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=276&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotropica&rft.issn=00063606&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus massoniana; forest management; nutrient dynamics; harvesting ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicological and chemical evaluation of emissions from carpet samples AN - 16989018; 3820763 AB - This study investigated findings that the off-gassing of certain carpets caused sensory and pulmonary irritation, changes in neurobehavioral signs, and death in exposed mice. Two standard test method measures-one for estimating sensory irritancy (ASTM-E981-84), the other for evaluating the neurotoxic potential of chemicals (functional observational battery)-were coupled with a postmortem assessment to ascertain the mechanism of toxicity. The postmortem evaluation included measurements of hemoglobin, serum clinical chemistries, blood and lung lavage white cell counts and differential, organ weights, and a gross necropsy with a microscopic evaluation of all major organs. The study evaluated three treatment groups composed of two preheated carpet emission exposures and one preheated air-control exposure. No toxic effects were associated with exposure to the off-gassing of the two tested carpets. Clinical chemistry and histopathological alterations were observed with exposure to either filter-air or carpet when compared to nonexposed unrestrained control mice, indicating that the exposure procedure caused significant effects unrelated to carpet emissions. A detailed chemical and microbial evaluation of the carpets and carpet emissions showed volatile organic compounds, pesticide residues, and microbiological flora, but at insufficient quantities to result in acute toxicity. Based on this assessment, there was no indication that exposure to emissions from these two carpets poses a serious health risk. JF - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal AU - Tepper, J S AU - Moser, V C AU - Costa, D L AU - Mason, MA AU - Roache, N AU - Guo, Z AU - Dyer, R S AD - Pulmonary Toxicol. Branch, Environ. Toxicol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 158 EP - 170 VL - 56 IS - 2 SN - 0002-8894, 0002-8894 KW - emissions KW - carpets KW - household products KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - neurotoxicity KW - chemicals KW - fumes KW - microbiology KW - X 24140:Cosmetics, toiletries & household products KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16989018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.atitle=Toxicological+and+chemical+evaluation+of+emissions+from+carpet+samples&rft.au=Tepper%2C+J+S%3BMoser%2C+V+C%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BMason%2C+MA%3BRoache%2C+N%3BGuo%2C+Z%3BDyer%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Tepper&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.issn=00028894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; emissions; chemicals; toxicity testing; microbiology; fumes; carpets; household products ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Background and overview of current sediment toxicity identification evaluation procedures AN - 16988415; 3831589 AB - Laboratory bioassays can provide an integrated assessment of the potential toxicity of contaminated sediments to aquatic organisms; however, toxicity as a sole endpoint is not particularly useful in terms of identifying remedial options. To focus possible remediation (e.g., source control), it is essential to know which contaminants are responsible for toxicity. Unfortunately, contaminated sediments can contain literally thousands of potentially toxic compounds. Methods which rely solely on correlation to identify contaminants responsible for toxicity are limited in several aspects: (a) actual compounds causing toxicity might not be measured, (b) concentrations of potentially toxic compounds may covary, (c) it may be difficult to assess the bioavailability of contaminants measured in a sediment, and (d) interactions may not be accounted for among potential toxicants (e.g., additivity). Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) procedures attempt to circumvent these problems by using toxicity-based fractionation procedures to implicate specific contaminants as causative toxicants. Phase I of a TIE characterizes the general physio-chemical nature of sample toxicants. Phase II employs methods to measure toxicants via different analytical methods, and Phase III consists of techniques to confirm that the suspect toxicants identified in Phases I and II of the TIE actually are responsible for toxicity. These TIE procedures have been used to investigate the toxicity of a variety of samples, including sediments. Herein we present a brief conceptual overview of the TIE process, and discuss specific considerations associated with sediment TIE research. Points addressed include: (a) selection and preparation of appropriate test fractions, (b) use of benthic organisms for sediment TIE work, and (c) methods for the identification of common sediment contaminants. JF - Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery AU - Ankley, G T AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M K AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 133 EP - 149 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 0925-1014, 0925-1014 KW - bioassay KW - bioassays KW - sediment pollution KW - synergism KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - pollutants KW - Brackish KW - pollutant identification KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16988415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aquatic+Ecosystem+Stress+and+Recovery&rft.atitle=Background+and+overview+of+current+sediment+toxicity+identification+evaluation+procedures&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aquatic+Ecosystem+Stress+and+Recovery&rft.issn=09251014&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; pollutants; sediments; synergism; pollutant identification; bioassays; toxicity tests; sediment pollution; water pollution; toxicity testing; bioassay; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing Brazil's carbon budget: II. Biotic fluxes and net carbon balance AN - 16985277; 3829039 AB - The global carbon cycle is affected by the annual addition of 7.0 x 10 super(9) Mg CO sub(2)-C to the atmosphere from deforestation and burning of fossil fuels. Because of its large area of high C density forests and high deforestation rate, Brazil may play an important role in the global C cycle. The study reported here developed an annual C budget for Brazil for the year 1990. The budget was based on a simple conceptual model of ecosystem C storage and flux, a newly developed vegetation map based on remote sensing data, and published information on carbon densities and flux parameters. The analysis presents an estimate of net anthropogenic flux from land use change and includes an estimate of C accumulation in secondary forests. Net CO sub(2)-C emission estimates ranged from 174 x 10 super(6) to 233 x 10 super(6) Mg C year super(-1). Timber harvest in plantations and burning fossil fuels contributed additional emissions of about 107 x 10 super(6) Mg C year super(-1). Brazil's combined net C emissions represented 4-5% of the global total. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Schroeder, P E AU - Winjum, J K AD - ManTech Environ. Res. Serv. Corp., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 87 EP - 99 VL - 75 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - ecosystem analysis KW - Brazil KW - environmental changes KW - human impact KW - carbon cycle KW - D 04100:Terrestrial ecosystems - general KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16985277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Assessing+Brazil%27s+carbon+budget%3A+II.+Biotic+fluxes+and+net+carbon+balance&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+P+E%3BWinjum%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brazil; carbon cycle; ecosystem analysis; human impact; environmental changes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National perspectives on groundwater quality AN - 16983260; 3817219 AB - Assessing the state of groundwater is difficult because of insufficient groundwater information and the absence of sufficient resources to track thoroughly the status and trends of groundwater quality. The information that we do have indicates that problems with groundwater quality do exist, and available data on trends indicate that we may find more problems in the future. To minimize the threat of groundwater contamination, additional emphasis and resources should be allocated to pollution prevention programs, including state WHPPs and CSGWPPs. It is important to remember, however, that contamination does not occur only on a large scale; at least as many problems can be prevented by individuals. Small-scale sources of groundwater contamination, such as the improper disposal of household chemicals or repeated or excessive application of lawn and garden pesticides, can lead to significant changes in contamination levels. Pollution prevention needs to be practiced by everyone - from corporations to individuals - to prevent further contamination of groundwater. JF - Health & Environment Digest AU - Payne, K AD - EPA Region 5, Drinking Water Sect., Chicago, IL, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 57 EP - 59 VL - 9 IS - 7 SN - 0893-6242, 0893-6242 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - pollution prevention KW - groundwater pollution KW - human factors KW - resource management KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16983260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+%26+Environment+Digest&rft.atitle=National+perspectives+on+groundwater+quality&rft.au=Payne%2C+K&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+%26+Environment+Digest&rft.issn=08936242&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution prevention; groundwater pollution; water quality; resource management; human factors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient dynamics of a human-impacted pine forest in a MAB reserve of subtropical China AN - 16983136; 3828995 AB - The effects of litter and understory harvesting by local people on the nutrient cycle in a pine forest in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve (DHSBR) of subtropical China were studied by quantifying nutrient distribution, recycling, and loss in the ecosystem. The total nutrient standing stocks were estimated to be 2066 kg ha super(-1) for N, 282 kg ha super(-1) for P, 541 kg ha super(-1) for K, 491 kg ha super(-1) for Ca, and 151 kg ha super(-1) for Mg. Most of these nutrients were contained in the top 10 cm of soil (72 to 94%). The total quantity of nutrients in the production of litterfall and understory were: 43.5 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for N, 1.7 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for P, 16.1 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for K, 10.9 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for Ca, and 2.7 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for Mg. The harvest practice removed substantial quantities of these nutrients, 44 to 73 percent of the amount in litter and understory production, a rate that appeared to exceed most nutrient inputs from atmospheric deposition. In addition to the direct removal of nutrients, the harvest practice also reduced the active soil organic matter pool thus reducing nutrient mineralization and soil nutrient availability. An alternative system of tree harvest and replanting, combined with litter removal only, was proposed that reduced by one-third or more the present nutrient removals. JF - Biotropica AU - Mo, Jiangming AU - Brown, S AU - Lenart, M AU - Kong, Guohui AD - U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 290 EP - 304 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3606, 0006-3606 KW - China KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - nutrient dynamics KW - forests KW - soil nutrients KW - human impact KW - Pinus massoniana KW - D 04126:Tropical forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16983136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotropica&rft.atitle=Nutrient+dynamics+of+a+human-impacted+pine+forest+in+a+MAB+reserve+of+subtropical+China&rft.au=Mo%2C+Jiangming%3BBrown%2C+S%3BLenart%2C+M%3BKong%2C+Guohui&rft.aulast=Mo&rft.aufirst=Jiangming&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotropica&rft.issn=00063606&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus massoniana; forests; soil nutrients; nutrient dynamics; human impact ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methane dynamics across a tidally flooded riverbank margin AN - 16982957; 3825382 AB - The cycling of methane across the soils of the tidally flooded bank margins in the tidal freshwater portion of the White Oak River estuary, North Carolina, was investigated from October 1990 to November 1991. A comparison between these bank edges and adjacent submerged stations was made. The bank stations showed large seasonal variations in methane production rates, with very little being produced in winter and large amounts (up to 1,000 mg/m super(2)/d) during summer. This seasonality seems to be linked to the cycle of growth and senescence of vascular plants growing in these soils. In contrast, the submerged stations produced smaller amounts of methane year-round, with moderate increases during summer. Vascular plants are not rooted in these submerged sediments. Seasonal variations in methane production rates at the tidally flooded bank stations led to significant changes in the dissolved methane pool sizes. Although production rates and pore-water concentrations increased with seasonal increases in soil temperatures, the flux of methane to the atmosphere remained fairly low and variable. Methane flux varied with stage of the semidiurnal tidal cycle and exhibited a bimodal distribution, with fluxes greatest when the water level was nearest the soil surface. During summer months, methane production was up to 10 times greater than its flux to the atmosphere. This large difference between production and flux is attributed mainly to bacterially mediated methane oxidation at the soil surface during low-tide exposure and(or) in the root zone of plants. However, in midsummer, lateral export of dissolved methane from the bank soils, driven by tidal flushing, may account for almost 30% of this discrepancy between production and flux. JF - Limnology and Oceanography AU - Kelley, CA AU - Martens, D S AU - Ussler, W III AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1112 EP - 1129 VL - 40 IS - 6 SN - 1019-1185, 1019-1185 KW - USA, North Carolina, White Oak R. KW - air-water exchanges KW - chemical limnology KW - methane KW - methanogenesis KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - flooding KW - Freshwater KW - tides KW - estuaries KW - limnology KW - seasonal variations KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water KW - D 04210:Coastal ecosystems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16982957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Methane+dynamics+across+a+tidally+flooded+riverbank+margin&rft.au=Kelley%2C+CA%3BMartens%2C+D+S%3BUssler%2C+W+III&rft.aulast=Kelley&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=10191185&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - flooding; tides; estuaries; limnology; methane; methanogenesis; chemical limnology; seasonal variations; air-water exchanges; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of screening procedures for bioconcentratable organic chemicals in effluents and sediments AN - 16981881; 3828374 AB - Screening procedures have been developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to isolate and tentatively identify nonpolar organic chemicals in effluent and sediment samples with high potential to form chemical residues in aquatic organisms. The objective of this study was to determine if the sample components tentatively identified by the effluent- and sediment-screening procedures actually form chemical residues in aquatic organisms. This evaluation consisted of analyzing effluent and sediment samples from a field site with discharges from two coke-manufacturing facilities using the screening procedures. Effluent, sediment, crayfish (Decapoda), and sunfish (Lepomis sp.) samples from the field site were also prepared using conventional sample preparation procedures and analyzed for the tentatively identified chemicals (TIDs) reported by the screening procedures. Results of the screening procedures were then compared to the results of the analyses on the samples prepared using the conventional sample preparation procedures. For the effluent-screening procedure, 182 of 183 TIDs in Coke Plant 1 effluent and all of the 7 TIDs in Coke Plant 2 effluent were found in the crayfish, sunfish, and/or sediment samples downstream of the discharges. For the sediment-screening procedure, 92 of 93 TIDs and all of 47 TIDs in sediment samples from two sampling stations downstream of the discharges were found in the crayfish and/or sunfish samples. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Burkhard, L P AU - Sheedy, B R AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 697 EP - 711 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Decapoda KW - Lepomis KW - aquatic organisms KW - chemical pollutants KW - chemical pollution KW - crustaceans KW - fish KW - freshwater crustaceans KW - freshwater fish KW - industrial effluents KW - pollutants KW - pollution detection KW - sampling methods KW - sediment pollution KW - selected-ion monitoring KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - bioaccumulation KW - industrial wastes KW - organic compounds KW - sediments KW - effluents KW - X 24222:Analytical procedures KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16981881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+screening+procedures+for+bioconcentratable+organic+chemicals+in+effluents+and+sediments&rft.au=Burkhard%2C+L+P%3BSheedy%2C+B+R&rft.aulast=Burkhard&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollution; fish; pollutants; effluents; sediment pollution; bioaccumulation; industrial wastes; chemical pollutants; organic compounds; aquatic organisms; freshwater fish; sediments; pollution detection; freshwater crustaceans; industrial effluents; sampling methods; crustaceans; Decapoda; Lepomis; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uptake and loss of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis by Daphnia magna in laboratory exposure AN - 16981417; 3824198 AB - We determined the ingestion and loss of the spores of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) by a nontarget organism Daphnia magna. Daphnids were either not fed or fed during the exposure to the spores. The results showed that (a) the uptake rates with unfed and fed daphnids were approximately first-order with expect to spore concentration, and the rate constants for unfed and fed daphnids were 5.5 x 10 super(-5) and 1.4 x 10 super(-7) L/daphnid/h, respectively, and (b) unfed and fed daphnids rapidly depurated the majority of the accumulated spores, and the depuration rate constants for unfed and fed daphnids were 0.13 and 0.15/h, respectively. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Vaishnav, D D AU - Anderson, R L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab. Duluth, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 763 EP - 766 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Bacillus thuringiensis KW - Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis KW - Daphnia magna KW - biological control KW - exposure KW - exposure tolerance KW - lethal effects KW - mortality causes KW - nontarget organisms KW - pest control KW - spores KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - laboratories KW - insecticides KW - Daphnia KW - mortality KW - X 24171:Microbial KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16981417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Uptake+and+loss+of+Bacillus+thuringiensis+var.+israelensis+by+Daphnia+magna+in+laboratory+exposure&rft.au=Vaishnav%2C+D+D%3BAnderson%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Vaishnav&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=763&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; spores; biological control; pest control; toxicity; exposure tolerance; mortality; mortality causes; lethal effects; laboratories; exposure; nontarget organisms; Daphnia; Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis; Bacillus thuringiensis; Daphnia magna; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A model to predict carboxyhemoglobin and pulmonary parameters after exposure to O sub(2), CO sub(2), and CO AN - 16979702; 3827131 AB - A computer-based physiological model of respiratory gas exchange, which considered variation in inhaled oxygen and carbon dioxide, was modified to include the effects of inhaled carbon monoxide. Output from the modified model consists of 60 variables, including blood, alveolar and tissue gases, ventilatory function and carboxyhemoglobin. Extensive testing demonstrated that this model produced accurate results for known problems and physiologically plausible results for situations in which the results were not empirically known. Estimates of the effects of simultaneous continuously varying exposure to carbon monoxide, oxygen and carbon dioxide cannot be practically obtained with other extant methods. The modified model receives input from two computer files containing environmental and subject physiological variables. These files allow a continuous dynamic multi-gas exposure simulation or actual exposure data profiles. Up to four outputs can be selected for plotting or stored in a file for later analysis. JF - Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine AU - Benignus, V A AD - Hum. Stud. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Mail Drop 58, Research Triangle Park, NC 27111, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 369 EP - 374 VL - 66 IS - 4 SN - 0095-6562, 0095-6562 KW - carboxyhemoglobin KW - oxygen KW - carbon dioxide KW - carbon monoxide KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - computer applications KW - mathematical models KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16979702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aviation%2C+Space+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=A+model+to+predict+carboxyhemoglobin+and+pulmonary+parameters+after+exposure+to+O+sub%282%29%2C+CO+sub%282%29%2C+and+CO&rft.au=Benignus%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Benignus&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aviation%2C+Space+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.issn=00956562&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lung; mathematical models; computer applications ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reassessment of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions in the Atlanta area AN - 16976789; 3827351 AB - Localized estimates of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions are important inputs for photochemical oxidant simulation models. Since forest tree species are the primary emitters of BVOCs, it is important to develop reliable estimates of their areal coverage and BVOC emission rates. A new system is used to estimate these emissions in the Atlanta area for specific tree genera at hourly and county levels. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data and an associated urban vegetation survey are used to estimate canopy occupancy by genus in the Atlanta area. Leaf temperature and photosynthetically active radiation derived from ambient conditions above the forest canopy are used to drive empirical equations to estimate genus level emission rates of BVOCs vertically through forest canopies. These genera-level estimates are then aggregated to county and regional levels for input into air quality models and for comparison with (1) the regulatory model currently used and (2) previous estimates for the Atlanta area by local researchers. Estimated hourly emissions from the three approaches during a documented ozone event day are compared. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Geron, C D AU - Pierce, TE AU - Guenther, AB AD - Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1569 EP - 1578 VL - 29 IS - 13 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - forests KW - air quality KW - volatile organic compounds KW - emission inventories KW - USA, Georgia, Atlanta KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16976789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Reassessment+of+biogenic+volatile+organic+compound+emissions+in+the+Atlanta+area&rft.au=Geron%2C+C+D%3BPierce%2C+TE%3BGuenther%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Geron&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=1569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Georgia, Atlanta; emission inventories; volatile organic compounds; air quality; forests ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and implementation of multimedia and sector strategies at EPA AN - 16974485; 3817089 AB - To a great extent, national environmental policies have been heavily influenced by the statutory and organizational separation of air, water, and land issues. Mirroring trends in other fields, environmental policy is now shifting its focus toward prevention and holistic thinking. This article describes recent efforts to create coordinated multimedia, whole-facility policy-making strategies within the single-media organizational structure that exists at EPA. Past efforts to implement coordinated multimedia approaches were highly resource-intensive. Detractors often attribute inefficiency of multimedia programs (i.e., policies or programs that consider the impact of pollution on air, water, and land) to the very nature of these programs, rather than to the underlying organizational barriers that undermine such programs. Several federal and state environmental offices, recognizing the merit of and barriers to holistic environmental programs, are reorienting existing office structures to facilitate multimedia program development. This article describes how organizational barriers affect multimedia program development, how holistic thinking is changing the relationship between EPA and the regulated community, what actual organizational changes are being made to remove organizational barriers, and what new directions can be expected as a result of changes that have already been made. JF - J. ENVIRON. REGUL. AU - Barrette, MD AD - Off. Compliance, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 16 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1055-758X, 1055-758X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution prevention KW - legislation KW - environmental protection KW - EPA KW - federal policies KW - government programs KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16974485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+ENVIRON.+REGUL.&rft.atitle=Design+and+implementation+of+multimedia+and+sector+strategies+at+EPA&rft.au=Barrette%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Barrette&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+ENVIRON.+REGUL.&rft.issn=1055758X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; pollution prevention; federal policies; government programs; legislation; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils by particle beam high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry AN - 16970279; 3814292 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) comprise a class of potentially hazardous compounds of concern to the U.S. EPA. The application of particle-beam (PB) liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to the measurement of high-molecular-weight PAHs was investigated. Instrument performance was evaluated for 16 PAHs in the molecular weight range 300-450 u. The PAHs were separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography via a polymeric octadecylsilica (C-18) packing and gradient elution with methanol-tetrahydrofuran. On-column instrument detection limits, as measured by selected ion monitoring on the singly charged molecular ion of each PAH, were found to be 0.15-0.60 ng for PAHs with molecular weights up to 352 u and 2-4 ng for PAHs with molecular weights greater than 352 u. Instrument response was generally linear for PAHs with molecular weights 300-352 u and generally nonlinear for PAHs with molecular weights greater than 352 u. The PB electron impact mass spectra of the PAHs were found to vary with the ion distribution ratio of the singly charged molecular ion to the doubly charged molecular ion, dependent on molecular weight, ion source temperature, and concentration. Analysis by PB LC-MS was applied to extracts of PAH-spiked soil and a PAH-contaminated soil from the Pacific Northwest. Target analyte concentrations in the PAH-contaminated soil ranged from 0.85 to 84 mu g/g. Quantitative estimates for nontarget PAHs also were determined. Analysis of a second soil extract from a hazardous waste site in the northeast part of the United States displayed isomeric patterns of high-molecular-weight PAHs similar to those of the Pacific Northwest extract. JF - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry AU - Pace, C M AU - Betowski, L D AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Expos. Res. Lab., Character. Res. Div., P.O. Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 597 EP - 607 VL - 6 IS - 7 SN - 1044-0305, 1044-0305 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - environmental monitoring KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - high-performance liquid chromatography KW - soil KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16970279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+high-molecular-weight+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+soils+by+particle+beam+high-performance+liquid+chromatography-mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Pace%2C+C+M%3BBetowski%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Pace&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=10440305&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; soil; high-performance liquid chromatography; risk assessment; environmental monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of Escherichia coli in water using a colorimetric gene probe assay AN - 16949581; 180725 AB - A commercially available DNA hydribization assay (Gene-trak, Framingham, MA, USA) was compared with the EC-MUG procedure for the detection of Escherichia coli in water. The gene probe gave positive responses for pure cultures of E. coli, E. coli 0157:H7, E. fergusonii, Shigella sonnei, S. dysenteriae and S. boydii. The hybridization assay was capable of detecting E. coli in environmental samples and survivors among chlorine exposed cells. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering & Toxic and Hazardous Substance Control AU - Rice, E W AU - Covert, T C AU - Johnson, SA AU - Johnson, CH AU - Reasoner, D J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1059 EP - 1067 PB - MARCEL DEKKER INC, NEW YORK, NY, (USA) VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 1077-1204, 1077-1204 KW - Chlorine KW - Environmental engineering KW - Escherichia Coli KW - Gene probe assay KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cells KW - DNA KW - Colorimetry KW - Drinking water KW - W4 446.1:WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS KW - W4 453.2:WATER POLLUTION CONTROL KW - W4 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16949581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering+%26+Toxic+and+Hazardous+Substance+Control&rft.atitle=Detection+of+Escherichia+coli+in+water+using+a+colorimetric+gene+probe+assay&rft.au=Rice%2C+E+W%3BCovert%2C+T+C%3BJohnson%2C+SA%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BReasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1059&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering+%26+Toxic+and+Hazardous+Substance+Control&rft.issn=10771204&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cells; DNA; Colorimetry; Drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of NIMBY groups in 22 sanitary landfill sitings in Illinois AN - 16898942; 3805689 AB - Illinois Senate Bill 172 (SB172), enacted in 1981, made it possible for city or county governments to approve or deny proposed sanitary landfill sites in their jurisdiction. Each of the 22 new sanitary landfill siting decisions (12 approvals, 10 denials) made under SB172 was used in a discriminant analysis to identify factors that make local political resistance to a proposed landfill site effective. It was found that county- and city-wide activist, or NIMBY, groups were able to influence local jurisdictions to deny sites, particularly in relatively populous jurisdictions, largely on the basis of groundwater quality concerns or plans for waste importation. The discriminant analysis shows that 6 of the 10 denials can be attributed to these groups, and 6 of the 12 approvals would have been denied had NIMBY groups been formed. Interests of residents that live within one mile of the proposed site, however, played an unimportant role. JF - Environmental Professional AU - Lant, C AU - Sherrill, J AD - Illinois EPA, Remedial Proj. Manage. Sect. Bur. Land, 2200 Churchill Rd., Springfield, IL 62794, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 243 EP - 250 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0191-5398, 0191-5398 KW - NIMBY KW - siting criteria KW - government regulations KW - waste disposal sites KW - public concern KW - sanitary landfills KW - site selection KW - state jurisdiction KW - political aspects KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - USA, Illinois KW - landfills KW - legislation KW - waste management KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16898942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Professional&rft.atitle=The+role+of+NIMBY+groups+in+22+sanitary+landfill+sitings+in+Illinois&rft.au=Lant%2C+C%3BSherrill%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lant&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Professional&rft.issn=01915398&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - landfills; legislation; sanitary landfills; waste management; site selection; state jurisdiction; political aspects; USA, Illinois; siting criteria; government regulations; waste disposal sites; public concern ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Waste reduction practices at two chromated copper arsenate wood-treating plants AN - 16893105; 3804486 AB - Two chromated copper arsenate (CCA) wood-treating plants were assessed for their waste reduction practices. The objectives of this study were to estimate the amount of hazardous wastes that a well-designed and well-maintained CCA treatment facility would generate and to identify waste reduction opportunities. These practices have been reflected in several areas, including facility designs, process controls, and management practices. The facility designs included enclosed treatment buildings, covered drip pads, a drip pan, an automatic lumber handling system, power rollers, computerized chemical mixing systems, spill containments, and air ventilation systems to minimize mist or droplet emissions from cylinders and work tanks. Management practices have included pretreatment quality control, improved housekeeping, resource recovery and recycling, and operator training. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Randall, P M AU - Chen, ASC AD - Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Pollut. Prev. Res. Branch, U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 404 EP - 411 VL - 45 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - chromated copper arsenate KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution prevention KW - recycling KW - wood KW - lumber industry wastes KW - waste management KW - preservatives KW - hazardous wastes KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16893105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Waste+reduction+practices+at+two+chromated+copper+arsenate+wood-treating+plants&rft.au=Randall%2C+P+M%3BChen%2C+ASC&rft.aulast=Randall&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wood; lumber industry wastes; hazardous wastes; waste management; pollution prevention; preservatives; recycling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nontarget testing of an insect control fungus: Effects of Metarhizium anisopliae on developing embryos of the inland silverside fish Menidia beryllina AN - 16892182; 3802768 AB - Developing embryos of the inland silverside fish Menidia beryllina were exposed to conidiospores of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Several adverse effects were observed in both embryos and newly hatched larvae. These included transitory effects on the heart resulting in decreased cardiac output or circulation velocity, rupture of the chorion, fungal growth on the mandibles of larvae, focal vertebral abnormalities in larvae and teratogenic expressions in embryos and larvae. An ordinal ranking system was used to enumerate responses to conidiospores. This ranking system allowed significance to be determined by nonparametric analysis of variance. Responses were highly variable with significant (p less than or equal to 0.05) adverse effects observed in 5 of the 6 experiments conducted. Heat-killed spores failed to cause significant adverse effects indicating that viable spores were required for the adverse effects. JF - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms AU - Genthner, F J AU - Middaugh, D P AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 163 EP - 171 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0177-5103, 0177-5103 KW - aquatic insects KW - embryonic development KW - entomopathogenic fungi KW - fish diseases KW - nontarget effects KW - nontarget organisms KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - Menidia beryllina KW - biological control KW - bioassays KW - Freshwater KW - Metarhizium anisopliae KW - fungi KW - pest control KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - K 03088:Fungi: animal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16892182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.atitle=Nontarget+testing+of+an+insect+control+fungus%3A+Effects+of+Metarhizium+anisopliae+on+developing+embryos+of+the+inland+silverside+fish+Menidia+beryllina&rft.au=Genthner%2C+F+J%3BMiddaugh%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Genthner&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.issn=01775103&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - embryonic development; biological control; fungi; fish diseases; pest control; bioassays; toxicity tests; aquatic insects; entomopathogenic fungi; nontarget organisms; Menidia beryllina; Metarhizium anisopliae; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transportation-related volatile hydrocarbon source profiles measured in Atlanta AN - 16891966; 3804483 AB - Samples representative of transportation-related hydrocarbon emissions were collected as part of the 1990 Atlanta Ozone Precursor Monitoring Study. Motor vehicle emissions were sampled in canisters beside a roadway in a tunnel-like underpass during periods of heavy traffic. Airport and aircraft emissions were approximated by canister samples obtained at a major airport facility. Three octane grades of gasoline were purchased from six major vendors in Atlanta. Canister samples were prepared using these fuels to approximate the whole gasoline and gasoline vapor composition of the fuels in use during the study. All samples were analyzed by gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC/FID) for their hydrocarbon content. Detailed speciated hydrocarbon profiles were developed from this source sampling and analysis program for use in the Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) model. Profiles presented and discussed here represent the hydrocarbon composition of emissions from a roadway, composite headspace gasoline at two temperatures, composite whole gasoline, whole gasoline at three octane grades, and an airport. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Conner, T L AU - Lonneman, WA AU - Seila, R L AD - Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assess. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 383 EP - 394 VL - 45 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - gasoline KW - motor vehicles KW - exhaust emissions KW - transportation KW - ozone KW - airports KW - fuels KW - hydrocarbons KW - USA, Georgia, Atlanta KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16891966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Transportation-related+volatile+hydrocarbon+source+profiles+measured+in+Atlanta&rft.au=Conner%2C+T+L%3BLonneman%2C+WA%3BSeila%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Conner&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Georgia, Atlanta; hydrocarbons; transportation; exhaust emissions; airports; fuels; gasoline; ozone; motor vehicles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Off-site forensic determination of airborne elemental emissions by multi-media analysis: A case study at two secondary lead smelters AN - 16888746; 3804526 AB - A study is presented of multi-element multi-media airborne emissions via analysis of solids, soils, wipes, and glass fiber filters on and around two secondary lead smelters. Characteristic ratios of lead:antimony:arsenic were found in all of these media along with a correlated presence of cadmium and silver. The further the medium was from the plant, the less of all of these elements found while the ratio was maintained. Media downwind had higher concentrations than upwind in other directions. Conclusive forensic evidence was accumulated as to the origin and route of emission of the elements. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Kimbrough, DE AU - Suffet, I H AD - Dep. Toxic Substances Control, California EPA, Southern California Lab., 1449 W. Temple St., Los Angeles, CA 90026-5698, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2217 EP - 2221 VL - 29 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - lead KW - air pollution KW - smelters KW - pollution detection KW - industrial emissions KW - heavy metals KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16888746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Off-site+forensic+determination+of+airborne+elemental+emissions+by+multi-media+analysis%3A+A+case+study+at+two+secondary+lead+smelters&rft.au=Kimbrough%2C+DE%3BSuffet%2C+I+H&rft.aulast=Kimbrough&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - heavy metals; lead; smelters; air pollution; pollution detection; industrial emissions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Considerations for a reduced-level mercury laboratory and determination of ultratrace level total mercury in water by atomic fluorescence detection: Part 1 AN - 16887095; 3802109 AB - The bioaccumulation of mercury in aquatic/riparian food webs has been the impetus for unraveling the biogeochemical cycles of mercury and developing more sensitive methods of detection. In aquatic ecosystems in which piscivorous fish have readily detectable levels of accumulated mercury in their tissue, the surrounding water will typically test less than the detection limits of current cold vapor atomic absorption analytical methods. The typical detection limit for mercury in water using permanganate oxidation/cold vapor atomic absorption (U.S. EPA Method 245.2) is presently 200 ng/L (ppt), while the lowest ambient water quality criterion for mercury is 12 ng/L. Evaluation of mercury bioaccumulation in food webs in relation to the ambient environment is a considerable challenge involving the need to develop more sensitive analytical techniques for locating the sources of this potentially toxic metal in the environment. JF - American Environmental Laboratory AU - Scifres, J AU - Wasko, M AU - McDaniel, W AD - U.S. EPA, Region IV, Environ. Serv. Div., Athens, GA 30605, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 34 EP - 38 VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1051-2306, 1051-2306 KW - trace levels KW - detection limits KW - pollution detection KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - bioaccumulation KW - fluorescence KW - water analysis KW - trace elements KW - water pollution KW - mercury KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16887095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Environmental+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Considerations+for+a+reduced-level+mercury+laboratory+and+determination+of+ultratrace+level+total+mercury+in+water+by+atomic+fluorescence+detection%3A+Part+1&rft.au=Scifres%2C+J%3BWasko%2C+M%3BMcDaniel%2C+W&rft.aulast=Scifres&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Environmental+Laboratory&rft.issn=10512306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water analysis; mercury; trace levels; fluorescence; detection limits; bioaccumulation; water pollution; trace elements; pollution detection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of alternative reference toxicants for use in the earthworm toxicity test AN - 16883908; 3796766 AB - The use of the 14-d earthworm toxicity test to aid in the evaluation of the ecological impact of contaminated soils is becoming increasingly widespread. However, the method is in need of further standardization. As part of this continuing process, the choice of reference toxicants was evaluated. Reference toxicants were rated in relation to the following criteria: (a) reproducibility, (b) low human health hazard, (c) feasibility of measurement, and (d) chemical stability. Potassium chloride (KCl) and ammonium chloride (NH sub(4)Cl) were evaluated as possible alternatives to the one currently in common use, 2-chloroacetamide. Potassium chloride rated the best for the combination of the four criteria, followed by NH sub(4)Cl and 2-chloroacetamide. Coefficients of variation (C.V.s) from control charts of six definitive tests were used to measure reproducibility. The best reproducibility (lowest C.V.) was shown by KCl, followed by NH sub(4)Cl and 2-chloroacetamide. Toxicants ranked KCl 2-chloroacetamide in terms of measurement feasibility. Both 2-chloroacetamide and NH sub(4)Cl changed in concentration during testing. Evidence is also presented that 2-chloroacetamide degrades rapidly during testing, and that, as dead worms decay, ammonification may be adding another toxicant, ammonia, to tests. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Yeardley, RB Jr AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Pence, MA AD - DynCorp-TAI, c/o U.S. EPA, 3411 Church St., Cincinnati, OH 45244, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1189 EP - 1194 VL - 14 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - soil contamination KW - potassium chloride KW - ammonium chloride KW - chloroacetamide KW - soil pollution KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicants KW - Eisenia fetida KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16883908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+alternative+reference+toxicants+for+use+in+the+earthworm+toxicity+test&rft.au=Yeardley%2C+RB+Jr%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BPence%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Yeardley&rft.aufirst=RB&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eisenia fetida; toxicity testing; toxicants; soil contamination; soil pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emulsion-mediated transport of nonaqueous-phase liquid in porous media: A review AN - 16882155; 3801352 AB - A review of literature on the formation, characteristic properties, and flow of emulsion in subsurface environment, and its potential impact on the transport of nonaqueous-phase liquids (NAPLs) is provided. Synthesis of the literature indicates that emulsions can form during petroleum recovery as a result of production of natural surfactants by soil microorganisms, and the use of synthetic surfactants to clean up NAPL-contaminated soils and aquifers. The use of surfactants as a remediation technique to remove hazardous NAPLs from soil and groundwater has been explored in some detail. However, cost-effective and high-efficiency remediation approaches using surfactants have yet to be accomplished. This review suggests that the use of surfactants to remove NAPLs from soil may involve the formation and flow of emulsions in the subsurface environment. The flow of emulsions may influence the transport of hazardous NAPLs in the subsurface environment, depending on the type and stability of emulsion formed under specific conditions. In general, the flow of microemulsion enhances the transport of NAPLs through subsurface environments. Further investigation should focus on the formation, stability, microbial degradation, and flow of emulsion in subsurface environments when surfactants are used as a potential means for recovering NAPLs from soils and aquifers. JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Mansell, R S AU - Rhue, R D AD - CDSI, US-EPA, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 269 EP - 290 VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - nonaqueous-phase liquid KW - review KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - solute transport KW - porous media KW - soil contamination KW - groundwater pollution KW - pollutants KW - surfactants KW - emulsions KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16882155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Emulsion-mediated+transport+of+nonaqueous-phase+liquid+in+porous+media%3A+A+review&rft.au=Ouyang%2C+Y%3BMansell%2C+R+S%3BRhue%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Ouyang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - emulsions; porous media; solute transport; pollutants; soil contamination; groundwater pollution; surfactants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phototoxic response of Lumbriculus variegatus to sediments contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons AN - 16872985; 3796268 AB - The toxicity of certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to aquatic organisms can be greatly increased upon exposure of the organisms to ultraviolet (UV) radiation present in sunlight. The phenomenon of photoactivation of PAHs had received some attention in the laboratory; however, evaluation of the photoinduced toxicity of PAHs in field settings has been limited. In our studies, in situ chambers made from Pyrex registered glass tubes were used to evaluate the phototoxic response of laboratory-cultured oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus) in sediments contaminated with PAHs. These experiments were conducted using both sunlight-exposed and shaded test chambers. In addition to the PAH-contaminated site, a reference site lacking PAHs was tested as a control. Survival of L. variegatus at the PAH-contaminated site was significantly less in chambers exposed to sunlight than in chambers held in the dark, or chambers from the reference site. Concurrent laboratory studies with sediment collected from the two sites and an artificial source of UV light corroborated observations made in the field. Although a number of PAHs were present at elevated concentrations in the test sample, further work is required to determine exactly which were responsible for the observed phototoxicity. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Monson, P D AU - Ankley, G T AU - Kosian, P A AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 891 EP - 894 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Lumbriculus variegatus KW - aromatic compounds KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - contamination KW - photoactivation KW - photochemical reactions KW - phototoxicity KW - pollution effects KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - sediment pollution KW - toxicity tests KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - solar radiation KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16872985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Phototoxic+response+of+Lumbriculus+variegatus+to+sediments+contaminated+by+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Monson%2C+P+D%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BKosian%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Monson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - photochemical reactions; toxicity; solar radiation; sediments; hydrocarbons; toxicity tests; sediment pollution; pollution effects; aromatic hydrocarbons; ultraviolet radiation; aromatic compounds; phototoxicity; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; contamination; Lumbriculus variegatus; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global CO sub(2) emissions trading: Early lessons from the U.S. acid rain program AN - 16870526; 3790440 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is implementing a program of SO sub(2) emission allowance trading as part of the Acid Rain Program authorized by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Electric utilities may use allowance trading as part of their compliance strategy to meet SO sub(2) emission reduction requirements, which begin in 1995. In the interest of a free market in emission credits, some utilities began trading in 1992. A strict but essential requirement for continuous-emissions monitoring was developed to support the trading program. This program is being widely watched and will be evaluated as part of an effort to determine if market concepts can be successfully extended to other environmental issues. One such issue is greenhouse gas emissions and their link with global warming and climate change. This paper focuses on the early lessons learned, issues, and challenges involved in going from a domestic electric utility SO sub(2) emissions trading program to inter-industry, inter-gas and international as well as national emissions trading and offsets programs. Prominent among these issues are CO sub(2) allowance allocations, equity, emissions monitoring, enforcement, and cost-effectiveness. JF - Climatic Change AU - Solomon, B D AD - Acid Rain Div., U.S. EPA, 401 M St., S.W., 6204-J, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 75 EP - 96 VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - sulfur dioxide KW - EPA KW - federal programs KW - emissions trading KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution control KW - global warming KW - climatic changes KW - acid rain KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16870526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Global+CO+sub%282%29+emissions+trading%3A+Early+lessons+from+the+U.S.+acid+rain+program&rft.au=Solomon%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; acid rain; air pollution; climatic changes; global warming; air pollution control; sulfur dioxide; EPA; federal programs; emissions trading ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of mer-specified reduction of ionic mercury as a remedial tool of a mercury-contaminated freshwater pond AN - 16866799; 3790483 AB - The potential for mer-mediated reduction/volatilization of ionic mercury as a tool in the decontamination of a freshwater pond was evaluated using laboratory incubations and a microcosm simulation. In flask assays inoculations with ionic mercury-resistant bacteria (10 super(5)-10 super(7) cells ml super(-1)) isolated from the pond, significantly increased the rate of mercury loss (MANOVA, P less than or equal to 0.05) relative to uninoculated controls. The effects of cell density, mercuric mercury concentration, addition of nutrients and supplementation with the sulfhydryl reagent beta -mercaptoethanol on the rate of mercury loss, were investigated. Inoculation (by 10 super(5) cells ml super(-1)) of a flow-through microcosm that simulated the cycling of mercury in the contaminated pond, stimulated by more than 4-fold the formation of volatile elemental mercury. Thus, biological formation of volatile mercury may hold a promise as a remedial tool of contaminated natural waters. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Saouter, E AU - Gillman, M AU - Barkay, T AD - US EPA, 1 Sabine Isl. Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 343 EP - 348 VL - 14 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-4146, 0169-4146 KW - freshwater pollution KW - mercury KW - mercury-resistant bacteria KW - natural waters KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - bacteria KW - decontamination KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16866799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+mer-specified+reduction+of+ionic+mercury+as+a+remedial+tool+of+a+mercury-contaminated+freshwater+pond&rft.au=Saouter%2C+E%3BGillman%2C+M%3BBarkay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Saouter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01694146&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decontamination; mercury ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenesis and human genetic disease: An introduction AN - 16865004; 3788883 AB - This special issue attempts to provide a fresh perspective on the importance of germ-cell mutagenesis studies and restate the questions and challenges inherent in efforts to minimize the incidence of human genetic diseases. We are working in a time when rapidly advancing molecular technologies provide the tools that permit a more detailed understanding of germ-cell mutagenesis and genetic disease. Meanwhile, discoveries of new genetic disease phenomena challenge our abilities to conceive and develop research models for their study. It is hoped that the collection of articles in this issue will serve to stimulate interest in scientists of varied disciplines and help focus those interests on the issues surrounding the relationship between environmental mutagens and human genetic disease. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Dellarco, V L AU - Erickson, R P AU - Lewis, SE AU - Shelby, MD AD - Off. Health and Environ. Asses. (8602), U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS VL - 25 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - environmental effects KW - germ cells KW - man KW - mutagenesis KW - mutagens KW - reviews KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Human Genome Abstracts KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16865004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutagenesis+and+human+genetic+disease%3A+An+introduction&rft.au=Dellarco%2C+V+L%3BErickson%2C+R+P%3BLewis%2C+SE%3BShelby%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Dellarco&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+26+Sul.&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Mutagenesis and Human Genetic Disease. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mutagenesis; reviews; germ cells; environmental effects; mutagens; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concrete blocks' adverse effects on indoor air and recommended solutions AN - 16863623; 3782516 AB - Air infiltration through highly permeable concrete blocks can allow entry of various serious indoor air pollutants. An easy approach to avoiding these pollutants is to select a less-air-permeable concrete block. Tests show that air permeability of concrete blocks can vary by a factor greater than 50 (0.63-35 standard L/min/m super(2) at 3 Pa). The surface texture of the blocks correlates well with air permeability; test results of smoother, closed-surface-texture blocks were usually less air-permeable. During construction, air infiltration can be minimized by capping walls and carefully sealing around openings for utilities or other penetrations. Structures with indoor air-quality problems due to soil-gas entry can be mitigated more effectively with less coating material if the blocks have a closed surface texture. All coatings evaluated-cementaceous block filler (which has the lowest applied cost and is more than 99.5% effective), surface bonding cement, water-based epoxy, polysulfide vinyl acrylic, and latex (three coats)-were highly effective (more than 98%) in reducing air permeability when adequately applied. Coating selection should be influenced by expected service life, considering surface condition and cost. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Ruppersberger, J S AD - Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, MD-54, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 348 EP - 357 VL - 121 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - concrete KW - air quality KW - infiltration KW - indoor environments KW - coatings KW - permeability KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16863623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Concrete+blocks%27+adverse+effects+on+indoor+air+and+recommended+solutions&rft.au=Ruppersberger%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Ruppersberger&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=348&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - indoor environments; air quality; concrete; infiltration; coatings; permeability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production and respiration in the 1989 North Atlantic spring bloom: An analysis of irradiance-dependent changes AN - 16863129; 3785285 AB - Gross and net O sub(2) production rates at 47 degree N, 20 degree W over 13 days during the 1989 JGOFS North Atlantic (Spring) Bloom Experiment were measured. Gross O sub(2) production was measured by H sub(2) super(18)O uptake or calculated from super(14)C assimilation, and net O sub(2) production was measured by Winkler titration. Production versus irradiance P super(B)(1) curves were constructed from gross O sub(2) production rates (determined with in situ incubations) normalized to chlorophyll a concentration for the five days of highest total irradiance. Magnitudes of P super(B) sub(m), alpha and beta were high during the bloom. Chlorophyll-normalized gross O sub(2) production, integrated over the euphotic zone, was observed to be linearly related to integrated incident irradiance. This linear trend can be simulated with an algorithm using average values of P super(B) sub(m), alpha and beta parameters. 24 h O sub(2) respiration rates for each day appeared to consist of two components: one proportional to the production rate and involving respiration of carbon fixed during the same day's photoperiod, and the other independent of the production rate and respired carbon fixed prior to the day's photoperiod. Integrated over time and depth, these respiration components were of comparable magnitude, and together equalled about 60% of gross O sub(2) production. POC turnover times ranged from two days for near-surface waters up to about two weeks at the base of the euphotic zone. JF - Deep Sea Research (Part I, Oceanographic Research Papers) AU - Kiddon, J AU - Bender, M L AU - Marra, J AD - EPA, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 553 EP - 576 VL - 42 IS - 4 SN - 0967-0637, 0967-0637 KW - ANE KW - Atlantic Ocean, North KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - light effects KW - Marine KW - phytoplankton KW - primary production KW - irradiance KW - carbon fixation KW - algal blooms KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens KW - K 03049:Algae KW - Q1 08481:Productivity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16863129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deep+Sea+Research+%28Part+I%2C+Oceanographic+Research+Papers%29&rft.atitle=Production+and+respiration+in+the+1989+North+Atlantic+spring+bloom%3A+An+analysis+of+irradiance-dependent+changes&rft.au=Kiddon%2C+J%3BBender%2C+M+L%3BMarra%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kiddon&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Deep+Sea+Research+%28Part+I%2C+Oceanographic+Research+Papers%29&rft.issn=09670637&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - light effects; phytoplankton; carbon fixation; primary production; irradiance; algal blooms; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-flow purging and sampling of ground water monitoring wells with dedicated systems AN - 16858997; 3791930 AB - A field study was conducted to assess purging requirments for dedicated sampling systems in conventional monitoring wells and for pumps encased in short screens and buried within a shallow sandy aquifer. Low-flow purging methods were used, and wells were purged until water quality indicator parameters (dissolved oxygen, specific conductance, turbidity) and contaminant concentrations (chromate, trichloroethylene, dichloroethylene) reached equilibrium. Eight wells, varying in depth from 4.6 to 15.2 m below ground surface, were studied. The data show that purge volumes were independent of well depth or casing volumes. Contaminant concentrations equilibrated with less than 7.5 L of purge volume in all wells. Initial contaminant concentration values were generally within 20 percent of final values. Water quality parameters equilibrated in less than 10 L in all wells and were conservative measures for indicating the presence of adjacent formation water. Water quality parameters equilibrated faster in dedicated sampling systems than in portable systems and initial turbidity levels were lower. JF - Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation AU - Puls, R W AU - Paul, C J AD - R.S. Kerr Environ. Res. Lab. (RSKERL), US EPA, Subsurface Syst. Branch, Res. Div., Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 116 EP - 123 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - low-flow purging KW - sampling KW - monitoring KW - observation wells KW - sand aquifers KW - pump wells KW - equilibrium KW - pollution monitoring KW - water wells KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - groundwater pollution KW - water quality standards KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16858997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Remediation&rft.atitle=Low-flow+purging+and+sampling+of+ground+water+monitoring+wells+with+dedicated+systems&rft.au=Puls%2C+R+W%3BPaul%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Contact: Ground Water Publishing Co., 6375 Riverside Dr., Dublin, OH 43017, USA. PH: (800) 332-2104. FAX (614) 761-3446. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sampling; monitoring; observation wells; groundwater pollution; water quality standards; sand aquifers; pump wells; equilibrium; water quality; pollution monitoring; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The developmental toxicity of bromochloroacetonitrile in pregnant Long-Evans rats AN - 16849409; 3783639 AB - Bromochloroacetonitrile (BCAN) is a by-product of the chlorine disinfection of water containing natural organic material. Adverse effects of BCAN in an in vivo teratology screen (i.e. neonatal survival assay) gave reason for further investigation into the developmental toxicity of this compound. BCAN was administered orally to pregnant Long-Evans rats on gestation days 6-18 (vaginal plug = day 0). Four groups of approximately 20 females received BCAN at 5, 25, 45 or 65 mg/kg/day in a tricaprylin vehicle. Endpoints assessed at necropsy (day 20) included maternal organ weights, number of corpora lutea and uterine contents (number of implants and fetuses); live fetuses were weighed, measured and subsequently examined for external, skeletal and soft tissue malformations. Gestational maternal weight gain was reduced at 45 and 65 mg/kg. Maternal toxicity, manifested as increased organ weights and deaths, occurred at 65 mg/kg. Postimplantation loss was elevated at 45 mg/kg while total litter loss was observed at both 45 and 65 mg/kg. Fetal crown-rump lengths were shorter for all BCAN doses tested and fetal weights were reduced at all but the lowest dose level. The frequency of cardiovascular malformations was increased for all levels of BCAN tested; urogenital and skeletal malformations were observed only at the higher dose levels. This pattern of developmental effects is similar to that seen with trichloro- and dichloroacetonitrile (TCAN and DCAN), closely related compounds examined previously in our laboratory. JF - International Journal of Environmental Health Research AU - Christ, SA AU - Read, E J AU - Stober, JA AU - Smith, M K AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monit. Systems Lab., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 175 EP - 188 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 0960-3123, 0960-3123 KW - bromochloroacetonitrile KW - haloacetonitriles KW - Long-Evans rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - pregnancy KW - X 24154:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16849409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Health+Research&rft.atitle=The+developmental+toxicity+of+bromochloroacetonitrile+in+pregnant+Long-Evans+rats&rft.au=Christ%2C+SA%3BRead%2C+E+J%3BStober%2C+JA%3BSmith%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Christ&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Health+Research&rft.issn=09603123&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pregnancy; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of pH on the toxicity of ammonia to Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus AN - 16846959; 3777703 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency water-quality criteria establish permissible levels of ammonia in the nation's fresh waters. These criteria are based on accumulated research suggesting that, for most aquatic species (primarily fishes), the toxicity of un-ionized ammonia predominates over that of the ammonium ion. The development of a sediment-quality criterion for ammonia requires evaluation of the relative toxicity of the two ammonia forms to benthic and epibenthic macroinvertebrates to determine whether the water-quality toxicity model can be applied to sediments. Flow-through ammonia toxicity tests were conducted over 10 d with the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus and the larval midge Chironomus tentans at four pH values (6.3, 7.2, 7.8, and 8.6) using a unique pH control system. Total ammonia was more toxic at elevated than at low pH to both species, suggesting that un-ionized ammonia (more prevalent at high pH) is important in determining the toxicity of ammonia to these two species. Hardness or alkalinity differences in the range of 30 to 200 mg/kg (as CaCO sub(3)) did not appear to affect the toxicity of ammonia to the two species in separate 4-d tests. Based on results of the 10-d tests, the joint toxicity/pH model that establishes the water-quality criterion value for ammonia appears to be sufficiently protective of L. variegatus and C. tentans, by factors of at least 3 and 10, respectively. However, this study did not address potential differences in exposure of benthic organisms to ammonia in sediments vs. that in the water column; nor were the chronic effects of ammonia on these species measured in this study. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M K AU - Monson, P D AU - West, C W AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 713 EP - 717 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Chironomus tentans KW - Lumbriculus variegatus KW - freshwater organisms KW - hydrogen ion concentration KW - invertebrates KW - midges KW - oligochaetes KW - pH KW - pH effects KW - pollution effects KW - synergism KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicology KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - benthos KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - ammonia KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16846959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Influence+of+pH+on+the+toxicity+of+ammonia+to+Chironomus+tentans+and+Lumbriculus+variegatus&rft.au=Schubauer-Berigan%2C+M+K%3BMonson%2C+P+D%3BWest%2C+C+W%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Schubauer-Berigan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - freshwater organisms; toxicity; toxicology; synergism; benthos; ammonia; pollution effects; pH effects; pH; toxicity testing; midges; hydrogen ion concentration; oligochaetes; invertebrates; Lumbriculus variegatus; Chironomus tentans; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recolonization of estuarine organisms: Effects of microcosm size and pesticides AN - 16842952; 3779476 AB - Two six-week laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of pesticides and microcosm size on benthic estuarine macroinvertebrate recolonization. Sediments fortified with the pesticides (fenvalerate: controls, 5 (low) and 50 mu g/g wet sediment (high); endosulfan: controls, 1 (low) and 10 mu g/g wet sediment (high)) were fine-grained, organically rich (approximately 3.5% organic carbon and 22% dry weight) material. Relative dominance of the four most abundant taxa in both experiments was consistent among treatments with few exceptions. The amphipod, Corophium acherusicum, dominated abundance in both experiments. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Flemer, DA AU - Stanley, R S AU - Ruth, B F AU - Bundrick, C M AU - Moody, PH AU - Moore, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 85 EP - 101 VL - 304 IS - 2 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Amphipoda KW - Corophium acherusicum KW - amphipods KW - benthic environment KW - colonization KW - community composition KW - dominant species KW - estuarine organisms KW - experimental research KW - macroinvertebrates KW - microcosms KW - sediment pollution KW - zoobenthos KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - estuaries KW - sediments KW - Brackish KW - pesticides KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - D 04210:Coastal ecosystems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16842952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Recolonization+of+estuarine+organisms%3A+Effects+of+microcosm+size+and+pesticides&rft.au=Flemer%2C+DA%3BStanley%2C+R+S%3BRuth%2C+B+F%3BBundrick%2C+C+M%3BMoody%2C+PH%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Flemer&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=304&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; community composition; experimental research; estuarine organisms; dominant species; sediments; sediment pollution; benthic environment; pesticides; zoobenthos; colonization; amphipods; macroinvertebrates; Corophium acherusicum; Amphipoda; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 1994 Update of U.S. EPA's Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Emerging Technology Program AN - 16842534; 3777565 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE), Emerging Technology Partnership (ETP) has initiated actions since 1987 that support the Clinton Administration's policy to foster and accelerate the research and development of innovative technologies between the government and the private sector. The ETP enters into Cooperative Agreements with the private sector to provide technical and financial assistance to developers, and provide an avenue to move innovative technologies into the field for acquiring credible performance data. Growth of the ETP from an initial seven projects in 1987 to a total of 72 in 1994 has been made possible by the participation and funding of various federal agencies. The ETP has entered into interagency agreements with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Air Force. Participation with other federal agencies follows the administration's initiative for supporting cooperative and partnership work efforts through participation and review. Interest from the private sector remains high with a large number of Preproposals - 60 to more than 90 - consistently received from the yearly solicitations. The ETP is the first existing EPA program that provides an opportunity to share costs with the private sector, and provides an opportunity to research, develop, and move a technology forward to field demonstration and commercialization. Presented in this paper are an update of the ETP's completed projects, a profile of SITE ETP technologies invited to participate in the SITE Demonstration Program, and descriptive information concerning technologies selected in 1994 to be researched in the ETP. JF - Environmental Management AU - Lewis, N M AU - Barkley, N P AU - McCoy, J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 31 EP - 42 VL - 1 SN - 1079-7343, 1079-7343 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - federal programs KW - waste disposal sites KW - waste management KW - Superfund KW - EPA KW - USA KW - hazardous wastes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16842534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=1994+Update+of+U.S.+EPA%27s+Superfund+Innovative+Technology+Evaluation+%28SITE%29+Emerging+Technology+Program&rft.au=Lewis%2C+N+M%3BBarkley%2C+N+P%3BMcCoy%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=10797343&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; EPA; Superfund; waste disposal sites; federal programs; hazardous wastes; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence of high-level aminoglycoside resistance in environmental isolates of enterococci AN - 16832793; 3774116 AB - High-level resistance to aminoglycosides was observed in environmental isolates of enterococci. Various aquatic habitats, including agricultural runoff, creeks, river, wastewater, and wells, were analyzed. Strains of Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, E. gallinarum and other Enterococcus spp. demonstrated multiple antibiotic resistance patterns to aminoglycosides. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Rice, E W AU - Messer, J W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Reasoner, D J AD - Drinking Water Res. Div., Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 374 EP - 376 VL - 61 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - agricultural runoff KW - aminoglycoside antibiotics KW - antibiotic resistance KW - drug resistance KW - pathogenic bacteria KW - wastewater KW - water wells KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Enterococcus faecalis KW - Enterococcus gallinarum KW - Freshwater KW - rivers KW - Enterococcus faecium KW - public health KW - Q1 08206:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - J 02795:Antibiotic resistance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16832793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Occurrence+of+high-level+aminoglycoside+resistance+in+environmental+isolates+of+enterococci&rft.au=Rice%2C+E+W%3BMesser%2C+J+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BReasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pathogenic bacteria; agricultural runoff; drug resistance; rivers; public health; antibiotic resistance; wastewater; water wells; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterococcus gallinarum; Enterococcus faecium; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of US EPA environmental monitoring and assessment programs (EMAP) -- wetlands sampling design and classification AN - 16828938; 3769470 AB - The United States Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) will monitor the nation's resources by evaluating the status and trends of selected indicators of condition using a probability-based sampling design. The EMAP-Wetlands program will monitor the condition of the nation's wetlands. The EMAP classification system is an aggregation of the many subclasses of the US Fish and Wildlife Service's National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) classification system. This aggregation results in fewer wetland classes with more wetlands per class than the NWI system. Aggregation of the NWI classification was based primarily on dominant vegetation cover, flooding regimes, dominant water source, and adjacency to rivers and lakes. We evaluated the EMAP classification system and sampling design using NWI digital wetlands data for portions of Illinois, Washington, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Relative numbers of wetlands, total areas, average areas, and common versus rare classes were compared between the EMAP and NWI classification systems. As expected, the EMAP classification provided fewer wetland polygons, each with larger areas, without altering total wetland area. Summary statistics comparing sample estimates to true population parameters (represented by the NWI data) demonstrated the effectiveness of the EMAP sampling design with the exception of rare EMAP classes in the selected regions. Although simple random sampling is inadequate for both large and small wetlands, the EMAP sampling design is readily adapted to provide better estimates for these categories. Aggregating the NWI classification to the EMAP classification provides fewer wetland classes, with more wetlands per class, for EMAP's annual reports and statistical summaries. JF - Environmental Management AU - Ernst, T L AU - Leibowitz, N C AU - Roose, D AU - Stehman, S AU - Urquhart, N S AD - ManTech Environ. Res. Serv. Corp., U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 99 EP - 113 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - EPA KW - classification KW - classification systems KW - ecosystem management KW - environmental monitoring KW - environmental policy KW - federal policies KW - government policy KW - monitoring KW - vegetation KW - vegetation cover KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - floods KW - USA KW - wetlands KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - D 04200:Wetlands KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16828938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+US+EPA+environmental+monitoring+and+assessment+programs+%28EMAP%29+--+wetlands+sampling+design+and+classification&rft.au=Ernst%2C+T+L%3BLeibowitz%2C+N+C%3BRoose%2C+D%3BStehman%2C+S%3BUrquhart%2C+N+S&rft.aulast=Ernst&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental monitoring; monitoring; ecosystem management; wetlands; classification; vegetation cover; floods; classification systems; government policy; vegetation; EPA; federal policies; environmental policy; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A QSAR analysis of substituent effects on the photoinduced acute toxicity of PAHs AN - 16828494; 3768993 AB - Photoinduced toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a result of competing effects including stability and light absorbance of the molecules as well as irradiation parameters. The energy difference between the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital and the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO-LUMO gap), which can be computed directly from structure, was found to be the molecular descriptor that best distinguishes phototoxic chemicals from non-phototoxic chemicals. Aromatic chemicals that are phototoxic in sunlight have HOMO-LUMO gap energies that fall in the range of 6.7 to 7.5 eV. This study showed that the effect of most substituents on the HOMO-LUMO gap was negligible, and that phototoxicity in an aromatic chemical is likely only if the parent aromatic structure is phototoxic. Exceptions included substituents that add to delocalization (nitro and alkenyl) which could shift some chemicals with a HOMO-LUMO gap just above 7.5 eV into the domain of photoinduced toxicity. JF - Chemosphere AU - Veith, G D AU - Mekenyan, O G AU - Ankley, G T AU - Call, D J AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2129 EP - 2142 VL - 30 IS - 11 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - acute toxicity KW - phototoxicity KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - photochemistry KW - aromatic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16828494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=A+QSAR+analysis+of+substituent+effects+on+the+photoinduced+acute+toxicity+of+PAHs&rft.au=Veith%2C+G+D%3BMekenyan%2C+O+G%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BCall%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Veith&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acute toxicity; aromatic compounds; hydrocarbons; photochemistry; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; phototoxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional susceptibility of northeast lakes to zebra mussel invasion AN - 16828243; 3773194 AB - The rapid spread of the exotic zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) concerns aquatic resource managers in the United States and Canada. Since 1990, it has been spreading from the Great Lakes into the Northeast. The zebra mussel cannot colonize equally in northeastern lakes in part because soft water causes ion exchange and reproductive problems when [Ca super(2+)] reaches a lower limit of approximately 12 mg/L, and pH drops below 7.3. We used (1) an alkalinity map to conservatively delineate areas expected to be at low risk for zebra mussel invasion and (2) water chemistry data from 344 lakes sampled in the 1991-1994 Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) to estimate numbers and surface area of lakes at risk in the Northeast (New England, New York, and New Jersey). These lakes were randomly selected from a target population of 11,080 lakes > 1 and 12 mg/L and could potentially support zebra mussel. An estimated 80% of lakes in high alkalinity areas are at risk, while only 5% of lakes in low alkalinity areas have [Ca super(2+)] > 12 mg/L. The alkalinity map adequately segregated low- and high-calcium lakes. State resource managers can use this information to better allocate control, monitoring, and education resources. JF - Fisheries AU - Whittier, T R AU - Herlihy, A T AU - Pierson, S M AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 20 EP - 27 VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0363-2415, 0363-2415 KW - Dreissena polymorpha KW - colonization KW - freshwater molluscs KW - hardness KW - introduced species KW - invasions KW - mussels KW - pest control KW - zebra mussels KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - lakes KW - Freshwater KW - fouling KW - USA, Northeast KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16828243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries&rft.atitle=Regional+susceptibility+of+northeast+lakes+to+zebra+mussel+invasion&rft.au=Whittier%2C+T+R%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T%3BPierson%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Whittier&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries&rft.issn=03632415&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; pest control; lakes; freshwater molluscs; fouling; introduced species; colonization; invasions; mussels; hardness; Dreissena polymorpha; USA, Northeast; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of the Afghan-Soviet war on Afghanistan's environment AN - 16825329; 3770879 AB - The Soviet occupation of Afghanistan started in 1979. After a prolonged and devastating war, the occupation ended in 1991. Apart from deliberate environmental damages, the war affected every segment of the social, economic, and political, systems in the country. These effects have had, and will long continue to have, indirect environmental impacts. The war's direct and indirect damages to the environmental resources of Afghanistan may be the second-ranking loss following the loss of human resources. The following is a summary of the current status of the environment in Afghanistan. JF - Environmental Conservation AU - Formoli, T A AD - Dep. Pestic. Regul. California EPA, 1020 N St., Room 200, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 66 EP - 69 VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 0376-8929, 0376-8929 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - ecosystem analysis KW - Afghanistan KW - war KW - environmental degradation KW - D 04712:Environmental degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16825329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Conservation&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+the+Afghan-Soviet+war+on+Afghanistan%27s+environment&rft.au=Formoli%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Formoli&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Conservation&rft.issn=03768929&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Afghanistan; environmental degradation; ecosystem analysis; war ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The distribution of Anodonta cygnea (L.) and Anodonta anatina (L.) (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in southern Irish rivers and streams with records from other areas AN - 16814420; 3759680 JF - Irish naturalists' journal. Belfast AU - Lucey, J AD - EPA, Reg. Insp., Butts Green, Kilkenny, Ireland Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 8 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0021-1311, 0021-1311 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - ecological distribution KW - Anodonta anatina KW - Ireland KW - Anodonta cygnea KW - rivers KW - D 04658:Molluscs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16814420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irish+naturalists%27+journal.+Belfast&rft.atitle=The+distribution+of+Anodonta+cygnea+%28L.%29+and+Anodonta+anatina+%28L.%29+%28Mollusca%3A+Bivalvia%29+in+southern+Irish+rivers+and+streams+with+records+from+other+areas&rft.au=Lucey%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lucey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Irish+naturalists%27+journal.+Belfast&rft.issn=00211311&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anodonta cygnea; Anodonta anatina; Ireland; ecological distribution; rivers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing effects of agriculture on terrestrial wildlife: Developing a hierarchical approach for the US EPA AN - 16810403; 3759750 AB - Serious concerns exist about environmental and ecological degradation from modern agriculture. In response, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the US Department of Agriculture have established cooperative research programs in the midwestern USA to evaluate effects of different landscape structures and farming practices on crop yield, movement of agrichemicals, water and soil quality, and biodiversity. This paper develops the hierarchical approach for those efforts particularly in relation to wild plants and animals (invertebrates, birds, small mammals) in terrestrial habitats. The importance of considering different levels of biological organization and types of agricultural stressors over a hierarchy of spatial and temporal scales is developed and illustrated by studies from North America and Europe. EPA studies of farmland wildlife in the Midwest are used to illustrate an application of the hierarchical approach. Those efforts would be improved by more regionally specific information on effects for a greater variety of taxa and over a broader range of biological organization. Metapopulation dynamics also need study. More detailed studies are required to evaluate specific, alternative within-field management practices, land set-aside schemes, and habitat restoration or enhancement options. Development and linkage of GIS and spatially explicit population models would help develop, evaluate and communicate future scenarios. An opportunity exists in the Midwest programs to compare biological patterns at population, community and landscape levels with assessments of ecosystem processes over a hierarchy of spatio-temporal scales. The potential also exists to develop future scenarios which integrate across ecological, socio-political and economic perspectives. To accomplish this, a more inclusive and consultative approach is required. Changes in existing institutional processes and frameworks are likely required to promote the broad, integrated, transdisciplinary approaches needed for more effective planning, research and management of agricultural landscapes. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Freemark, K AD - U.S. EPA, Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 99 EP - 115 VL - 31 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - USA KW - landscape architecture KW - agriculture KW - wildlife KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16810403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Assessing+effects+of+agriculture+on+terrestrial+wildlife%3A+Developing+a+hierarchical+approach+for+the+US+EPA&rft.au=Freemark%2C+K&rft.aulast=Freemark&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; agriculture; landscape architecture; wildlife ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A value-informed framework for interdisciplinary analysis: Application to recovery planning for Snake River salmon AN - 16809866; 3762264 AB - Economic and social variables, in addition to biological variables, are often critical forces in directing recovery planning for threatened and endangered populations. Although including these variables in scientific analyses for recovery planning may be important, there is little agreement on how to integrate the relevant disciplines. The dilemma associated with interdisciplinary collaboration is that, while a diversity of values and perspectives is unavoidable, this diversity stands as a barrier to agreement on an integrative research approach. We describe a general framework for interdisciplinary analysis designed to support recovery planning that does not rely on choosing a single interdisciplinary approach. Rather, it uses value conflicts potentially arising in an interdisciplinary setting to select a diverse set of scientific approaches relevant to a particular conservation effort. We apply this framework to recovery planning for threatened Snake River chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and examine the implications of conflicts over the acceptability of institutional change, technological solutions, and transferability of recovery effort across groups responsible for the current status of the species. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Hyman, J B AU - Wernstedt, K AD - ManTech Environ., NHEERL-Corvalis, 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 625 EP - 635 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - environmental legislation KW - freshwater fish KW - government policy KW - salmon fisheries KW - socio-economic aspects KW - sociological aspects KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - USA, Snake R. KW - fisheries KW - fishery management KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - nature conservation KW - USA KW - rare species KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Q1 08565:Policy, legislation and sociology KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16809866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=A+value-informed+framework+for+interdisciplinary+analysis%3A+Application+to+recovery+planning+for+Snake+River+salmon&rft.au=Hyman%2C+J+B%3BWernstedt%2C+K&rft.aulast=Hyman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=625&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nature conservation; fisheries; salmon fisheries; freshwater fish; sociological aspects; fishery management; environmental legislation; rare species; government policy; socio-economic aspects; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Snake R.; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioenergetics-based model for accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls by nestling tree swallows, Tachycineta bicolor AN - 16809769; 3760582 AB - A bioenergetics-based model was developed to simulate the accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls by nestling tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). The model was largely parameterized using published information for passerine birds and accurately describes the observed growth of nestling swallows. The model was evaluated by comparing predicted concentrations of selected congeners with those measured in 15 d-old nestlings collected from two sites within the Saginaw River watershed. Residue concentrations in nestlings were calculated as the sum of compound inherited in the egg and that assimilated from the diet, consisting principally of emergent aquatic insects. Model predictions were in good agreement with those measured in nestlings collected from a relatively uncontaminated site but consistently overestimated concentrations in birds from an area of known sediment contamination. The cause of this discrepancy is unknown, but did not appear to be related to metabolic biotransformation of individual congeners. Instead, it is suggested that dietary composition may have varied between sites. Alternatively, food consumption by nestling birds may have been overestimated. The results of this study indicate that caution must be used when interpreting residue information from nestling swallows, which have been proposed for use as sentinels of local sediment contamination. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Nichols, J W AU - Larsen, C P AU - McDonald, ME AU - Niemi, G J AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 604 EP - 612 VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - PCB KW - models KW - PCB compounds KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - bioaccumulation KW - Tachycineta bicolor KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16809769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Bioenergetics-based+model+for+accumulation+of+polychlorinated+biphenyls+by+nestling+tree+swallows%2C+Tachycineta+bicolor&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J+W%3BLarsen%2C+C+P%3BMcDonald%2C+ME%3BNiemi%2C+G+J%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=604&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tachycineta bicolor; bioaccumulation; PCB compounds; models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of endometriosis in mice: A new model sensitive to estrogen AN - 16806298; 3754387 AB - Endometriosis consists of the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. A rat model of endometriosis is available to evaluate the potential for environmental chemicals to promote the disease but may be relatively insensitive for the evaluation of the hazard of certain compounds. Our objective, which was to develop a mouse model for endometriosis, was based on (a) the promotion of endometriosis in primates by 2, 3, 7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), (b) the apparent relationship between endometriosis and immunodeficiency, and (c) evidence that humoral immunity is suppressed in mice but not rats following TCDD exposure. In the mouse model, slices of uterus were sutured to intestinal mesenteric vessels. By 3 weeks after surgery, these sites were cyst-like structures. The growth of the sites was hormone dependent. In intact mice, sites measured 3.60 plus or minus 0.22 mm; vehicle and estrone (0.5 mu g/day) treatments produced site diameters of 0.95 plus or minus 0.128 and 5.28 plus or minus 0.355 mm, respectively. This new mouse model provides a sensitive and useful technique for future studies of the potential for specific xenobiotics to promote the development of endometriosis. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Cummings, A M AU - Metcalf, J L AD - MD-72, HERL, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 233 EP - 238 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - estrogens KW - TCDD KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - uterus KW - immunodeficiency KW - immunity (humoral) KW - endometriosis KW - xenobiotics KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16806298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Induction+of+endometriosis+in+mice%3A+A+new+model+sensitive+to+estrogen&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BMetcalf%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - endometriosis; uterus; immunodeficiency; immunity (humoral); xenobiotics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro aluminum inhibition of brain phosphoinositide metabolism: Comparison of neonatal and adult rats AN - 16803007; 3755875 AB - Recent evidence indicates that the neurotoxic metal aluminum interferes with the phosphoinositide second messenger system in adult rats both in vitro and in vivo. We have examined the age-related effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl sub(3)) on receptor-stimulated inositol phosphate (IP) accumulation in brain slices from neonatal and adult rats in vitro. Carbachol-stimulated (1 mM) IP accumulation was greatest in frontal cortex slices from 7 day old rats, decreased in 14 day old and 21 day old rats, and was lowest in adults (120 days old). AlCl sub(3) (500 mu M) inhibited both basal and carbachol-stimulated IP accumulation in neonatal and adult rats. The effects of AlCl sub(3) were concentration-related and produced significant decreases (15-25%) in IP accumulation at 500 and 1000 mu M. The concentration-response curve for AlCl sub(3) was similar in 7 day old and adult rats. AlCl sub(3) reduced carbachol-, norepinephrine- and quisqualate-stimulated IP accumulation in both 7 day old and adult rats. The effects of 500 mu M AlCl sub(3) were examined on carbachol-stimulated IP accumulation in slices prepared from frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum. Although IP accumulation was greater in slices from the 7 day old rats compared to adults in each tissue, AlCl sub(3) (500 mu M) decreased IP accumulation by approximately 20% in all regions at both ages. Aluminum produced concentration-dependent inhibition of phospholipase C in cortical homogenates which was similar in 7 day old and adult rats. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Mundy, W R AU - Freudenrich, T AU - Shafer, T J AU - Nostrandt, A C AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., MD-74B, U.S.EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 35 EP - 44 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - aluminum KW - phosphoinositides KW - phospholipase C KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - development KW - neurotoxicity KW - metals KW - striatum KW - neonates KW - hippocampus KW - brain KW - cortex (frontal) KW - cerebellum KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16803007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=In+vitro+aluminum+inhibition+of+brain+phosphoinositide+metabolism%3A+Comparison+of+neonatal+and+adult+rats&rft.au=Mundy%2C+W+R%3BFreudenrich%2C+T%3BShafer%2C+T+J%3BNostrandt%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Mundy&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; development; cortex (frontal); hippocampus; striatum; cerebellum; metals; brain; neonates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Setting provisional concentration levels AN - 16801568; 3749868 JF - Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology AU - Ellin, R I AD - EPA, Off. Policy, Plann., and Eval., Washington, DC 20004, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 285 EP - 286 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0731-3810, 0731-3810 KW - heavy metals KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - standards KW - chemical behavior KW - food KW - dietary intake KW - man KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16801568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Clinical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Setting+provisional+concentration+levels&rft.au=Ellin%2C+R+I&rft.aulast=Ellin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Clinical+Toxicology&rft.issn=07313810&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dietary intake; standards; man; food; chemical behavior ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative sensitivity of three freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates to ten contaminants AN - 16797513; 3756095 AB - The objective of this study was to determine the suitability of Hyalella azteca, Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus as representative species for the assessment of sediment toxicity. Ten chemicals were tested at the U.S. EPA Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth, always using H. azteca and C. tentans and, occasionally, L. variegatus. The exposures were water-only, flow-through tests with measured chemical concentrations, which were conducted for 10 days in Lake Superior water. Chemicals tested included five metals (copper, lead, zinc, nickel, cadmium) and five pesticides (chlorpyrifos, dieldrin, p,p'-DDD,p,p'-DDE,p,p'-DDT). The amphipod was quite sensitive to the metals, while the midge often was exceptionally sensitive to the pesticides. No one of the three species was most (or least) sensitive to the toxicants. Toxicity of the contaminants to the three species was compared to the genus mean acute and chronic data found in U.S. EPA Water Quality Criteria (WQC) documents, as well as information from the AQUIRE database. The results of these comparisons indicated that the three species reasonably represent the range of sensitivities of other aquatic test species, and occasionally are among the most sensitive species when compared to others in the WQC database. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Phipps, G L AU - Mattson, V R AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 281 EP - 286 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Chironomidae KW - Chironomus tentans KW - Diptera KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Lumbriculus variegatus KW - analytical methods KW - bioindicators KW - chemical pollutants KW - chemical pollution KW - freshwater organisms KW - macroinvertebrates KW - pollution effects KW - sediment pollution KW - test organisms KW - toxicity tests KW - water quality standards KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - benthos KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - metals KW - pesticides KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - Z 05183:Toxicology & resistance KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16797513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Relative+sensitivity+of+three+freshwater+benthic+macroinvertebrates+to+ten+contaminants&rft.au=Phipps%2C+G+L%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Phipps&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollutants; chemical pollution; freshwater organisms; test organisms; toxicity; metals; sediments; toxicity tests; benthos; sediment pollution; pollution effects; pesticides; bioindicators; water quality standards; macroinvertebrates; analytical methods; Hyalella azteca; Lumbriculus variegatus; Chironomidae; Chironomus tentans; Diptera; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of agricultural herbicide use on terrestrial wildlife in temperate landscapes: A review with special reference to North America AN - 16786666; 3743258 AB - The existing literature was examined to assess the extent to which wildlife (plants, soil organisms, above-ground insects/arthropods, mammals, birds) living in terrestrial habitats has been affected by use of agricultural herbicides in temperate landscapes. Although North America was of special interest for regulatory reasons, the review was extended to western Europe because the most extensive and intensive work has been done there. The half-life of herbicides in the environment ranges from less than 1 month to more than 1 year. Wildlife within fields is most likely to be exposed to herbicides, particularly when fields are planted with crops (e.g. corn, soybean, wheat, cotton) which are routinely sprayed. Wildlife is also likely to be exposed in non-crop habitats adjoining croplands, primarily from direct overspray (especially during aerial application), and drift during and/or volatilisation after application. The most conclusive scientific evidence for direct effects of herbicides on arable weeds, and associated indirect effects on insects and birds exists in the United Kingdom. Evidence for similar effects in North America is primarily circumstantial at present. Little work has been done anywhere on impacts of herbicides on plants and their associated fauna in non-crop habitats adjoining treated fields. Chemical farming (in particular, the use of herbicides) has dramatically altered the habitat pattern of temperate landscapes in North America and western Europe. Strong evidence exists for adverse effects of changes in habitat pattern on beneficial insects and arthropods in the United Kingdom, and on birds in North America and western Europe. Toxicity testing guidelines for non-target plant protection need to be developed and enforced to support pesticide registration. In addition, research is needed to include more ecologically relevant plant species in laboratory tests, to develop multi-species tests (particularly in the field), to improve methods for risk assessment, and to develop options for mitigating risks. Large scale, long-term trans-disciplinary research of different farming systems is needed, particularly in North America, to integrate and better evaluate ecological, agronomic, and socio-economic costs and benefits of agricultural herbicide use in temperate landscapes. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - Freemark, K AU - Boutin, C AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 67 EP - 91 VL - 52 IS - 2-3 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - agricultural practices KW - temperate environments KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - wildlife KW - agrochemicals KW - North America KW - herbicides KW - H SE1.21:WILDLIFE KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16786666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+agricultural+herbicide+use+on+terrestrial+wildlife+in+temperate+landscapes%3A+A+review+with+special+reference+to+North+America&rft.au=Freemark%2C+K%3BBoutin%2C+C&rft.aulast=Freemark&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - North America; herbicides; wildlife; toxicity testing; agrochemicals; agricultural practices; temperate environments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - QSAR evaluation of alpha -terthienyl phototoxicity AN - 16779521; 3744345 AB - The concept that phototoxic chemicals can be identified in chemical risk assessments by computing the energy difference between highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO-LUMO gap) was evaluated using two new sets of phototoxicity data from the recent literature. The original model, developed from data with unsubstituted PAH toxicity to Daphnia magna, showed that phototoxicity was observed when the HOMO-LUMO gap varied between 6.7 and 7.5 eV. All substituted alpha -terthienyls that were phototoxic to mosquito larvae and to brine shrimp had HOMO-LUMO gap energies within the 7.1 plus or minus 0.4 eV "phototoxicity window". The alpha -terthienyls within this range that did not exhibit phototoxicity contained carboxyl or other polar substituents, which likely prevented bioaccumulation in the organisms. Polyamino and polynitro derivatives of toluene in munitions wastes were reported to be phototoxic to sea urchins even though the HOMO-LUMO gap energies exceeded 8.0 eV. Because the same toluenes were not phototoxic to D. magna nor to Escherichia coli, we suggest that the developmental effects observed in the sea urchins were caused by electrophilic species from metabolic activation rather than the production of oxygen radicals from photo induced excited states of the molecules. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Veith, G D AU - Mekenyan, O G AU - Ankley, G T AU - Call, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1267 EP - 1272 VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - alpha -terthienyl KW - triplet state KW - Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - phototoxicity KW - bioaccumulation KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16779521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=QSAR+evaluation+of+alpha+-terthienyl+phototoxicity&rft.au=Veith%2C+G+D%3BMekenyan%2C+O+G%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BCall%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Veith&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - phototoxicity; bioaccumulation; risk assessment; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; triplet state ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of PCB and trace metal bioaccumulation in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, and the ribbed mussel, Modiolus demissus, in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts AN - 16779228; 3734936 AB - The accumulation of PCBs and trace metals was compared at 14-d intervals between two filter-feeding bivalves, the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, and the ribbed mussel, Modiolus demissus, after deployment in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, for up to 56 d. Contaminant uptake in deployed organisms also was compared with indigenous ribbed mussels. Significant mortality (>80%) occurred in blue mussels after 28 d, when water temperatures exceeded 25 degree C. Therefore, tissue-residue comparisons between species are presented only up to day 28, while those between deployed and indigenous ribbed mussels continue to day 56. Results indicated that total PCB tissue residues and congener distributions were not statistically different (p > 0.05) in the two mussel species on day 28. Total PCB concentrations in both deployed mussel species reached approximately 30 mu g g super(-1) dry weight by day 28. Additionally, total PCB concentrations and congener distributions in the deployed ribbed mussels were not statistically different from the indigenous ribbed mussels on day 28, demonstrating that steady state was attained within 28 d. With respect to metal uptake, no single accumulation pattern occurred for the eight metals quantified. After 28 d, lead, cadmium, and iron concentrations in deployed blue and ribbed mussels were statistically similar. However, nickel and zinc accumulations were significantly greater in the blue mussels, and copper, chromium, and manganese were accumulated to significantly higher concentrations in the ribbed mussels. The comparison between the ribbed mussels indicated that cadmium and lead concentrations were significantly higher in indigenous than in deployed mussels after 28 d. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nelson, W G AU - Bergen, B J AU - Cobb, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 513 EP - 521 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - Modiolus demissus KW - Mytilus edulis KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - bioindicators KW - filter feeders KW - mussels KW - pollutant persistence KW - pollution effects KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - sediment pollution KW - tissue analysis KW - water pollution effects KW - water temperature KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - bioaccumulation KW - trace elements KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - metals KW - trace metals KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - D 04802:Pollution characteristics and fate KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16779228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+PCB+and+trace+metal+bioaccumulation+in+the+blue+mussel%2C+Mytilus+edulis%2C+and+the+ribbed+mussel%2C+Modiolus+demissus%2C+in+New+Bedford+Harbor%2C+Massachusetts&rft.au=Nelson%2C+W+G%3BBergen%2C+B+J%3BCobb%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - metals; pollutant persistence; filter feeders; sediment pollution; pollution effects; trace metals; trace elements; water pollution; water temperature; PCB; bioaccumulation; bioindicators; PCB compounds; polychlorinated biphenyls; water pollution effects; mussels; tissue analysis; Modiolus demissus; Mytilus edulis; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of procedures for updating air quality modeling techniques for regulatory programs AN - 16777889; 3738305 AB - Air quality models are a key component in determining pollution control requirements. To ensure that the best techniques are used, modeling guidance must be flexible and include better techniques as they become available. Revisions to modeling guidance require an assessment of the scientific basis, a model performance evaluation using observed data, sensitivity analysis for impact on design concentrations and data input requirements, and public review and comment before formal adoption in regulatory programs. The procedures used in reviewing new techniques are examined in this paper, and past actions are discussed. The appropriateness of adopting a new method for modeling area sources characterized by low-level releases with little buoyancy is provided as an example of the revision review process. While this process is lengthy, it ensures that decisions on potentially costly pollution controls are based on full public participation and sound scientific developments. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Touma, J S AU - Irwin, J S AU - Tikvart, JA AU - Coulter, C T AD - Off. Air Qual. Plann. and Stand., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 731 EP - 737 VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - government regulations KW - economics KW - mathematical models KW - air pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16777889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=A+review+of+procedures+for+updating+air+quality+modeling+techniques+for+regulatory+programs&rft.au=Touma%2C+J+S%3BIrwin%2C+J+S%3BTikvart%2C+JA%3BCoulter%2C+C+T&rft.aulast=Touma&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution control; mathematical models; government regulations; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of emissions reductions on ozone predictions by the Regional Oxidant Model during the July 1988 episode AN - 16776286; 3738311 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Regional Oxidant Model, ROM2.2, was applied to a 2-10 July 1988 episode to test the regional episodic ozone response to different combinations of the across-the-board nitrogen oxides (NO sub(x)) and volatile organic compound (VOC) reductions in the eastern half of the United States. Geographical variations on the regional ozone responses to the across-the-board NO sub(x) and VOC reductions are investigated. Biogenic influences are also discussed. Subject to the limitation imposed by current input and model accuracy, the ROM results suggest that reduction of NO sub(x) emissions is a key factor in reducing regional ozone. The primary benefit of VOC reductions appears to be in reducing ozone peak values near NO sub(x)-source-intensive areas, such as large urban centers and/or large NO sub(x) point sources. In these NO sub(x)-source-intensive areas, a strategy featuring a combination of both NO sub(x) and VOC reductions appears to be most effective in reducing the regional ozone. Biogenic VOC emissions play an important role because of their high reactivities and large spatial coverage. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Chu, Shao-Hang AU - Cox, WM AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Air Qual. Plann. and Stand., Tech. Support Div., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 679 EP - 693 VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - USA, Eastern KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ozone KW - volatile organic compounds KW - nitrogen oxides KW - emission control KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16776286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+emissions+reductions+on+ozone+predictions+by+the+Regional+Oxidant+Model+during+the+July+1988+episode&rft.au=Chu%2C+Shao-Hang%3BCox%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Shao-Hang&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; volatile organic compounds; nitrogen oxides; emission control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new solid medium for enumerating cellulose-utilizing bacteria in soil AN - 16770119; 3737270 AB - A solid medium containing ashed, acid-washed cellulose and a dye, Congo red, has been developed for enumeration of cellulose-utilizing bacteria in soil. Bacteria able to use the cellulose in this medium produced distinct zones of clearing around their colonies. A vivid contrast between the uniform red color of the medium and these halos made this method of differentiation of these organisms superior to other methods. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Hendricks, C W AU - Doyle, J D AU - Hugley, B AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2016 EP - 2019 VL - 61 IS - 5 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - cellulose KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - counting methods KW - soil microorganisms KW - cellulolytic bacteria KW - bacteria KW - media (culture) KW - A 01047:General KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - J 02704:Enumeration KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32220:Cell culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16770119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=A+new+solid+medium+for+enumerating+cellulose-utilizing+bacteria+in+soil&rft.au=Hendricks%2C+C+W%3BDoyle%2C+J+D%3BHugley%2C+B&rft.aulast=Hendricks&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2016&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - counting methods; soil microorganisms; cellulolytic bacteria; bacteria; media (culture) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistent DDT metabolite p,p'-DDE is a potent androgen receptor antagonist AN - 16769133; 3742269 AB - The increase in the number of reports of abnormalities in male sex development in wildlife and humans coincided with the introduction of "oestrogenic" chemicals such as DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane) into the environment. Although these phenotypic alterations are thought to be mediated by the oestrogen receptor, they are also consistent with inhibition of androgen receptor-mediated events. Here we report that the major and persistent DDT metabolite, p,p'-DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene), has little ability to bind the oestrogen receptor, but inhibits androgen binding to the androgen receptor, androgen-induced transcriptional activity, and androgen action in developing, pubertal and adult male rats. The results suggest that abnormalities in male sex development induced by p,p'-DDE and related environmental chemicals may be mediated at the level of the androgen receptor. JF - Nature AU - Kelce, W R AU - Stone, C R AU - Laws, S C AU - Gray, LE AU - Kemppainen, JA AU - Wilson, E M AD - Reprod. Toxicol. Branch, Dev. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 581 EP - 585 VL - 375 IS - 6532 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - androgen receptors KW - DDT KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - sex KW - antagonists KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - N 14930:Transcription factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16769133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Persistent+DDT+metabolite+p%2Cp%27-DDE+is+a+potent+androgen+receptor+antagonist&rft.au=Kelce%2C+W+R%3BStone%2C+C+R%3BLaws%2C+S+C%3BGray%2C+LE%3BKemppainen%2C+JA%3BWilson%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Kelce&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=375&rft.issue=6532&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - antagonists; sex ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne bacteria in the atmospheric surface layer: Temporal distribution above a grass seed field AN - 16766105; 3738252 AB - Temporal airborne bacterial concentrations and meteorological conditions were measured above a grass seed field in the Willamette River Valley, near Corvallis, Oreg., in the summer of 1993. The concentration of airborne bacteria had a maximum of 1,368.5 CFU/m super(3), with a coefficient of variation of 90.5% and a mean of 121.3 CFU/m super(3). The lowest concentration of bacteria occurred during the predawn hours, with an average of 32.2 CFU/m super(3), while sunrise and early evening hours had the highest averages (164.7 and 158.1 CFU/m super(3), respectively). The concentrations of bacteria in the atmosphere varied greatly, with a maximum difference between two 2-min samples of 1,995 CFU/m super(3). The concentrations of bacteria in the atmosphere could be divided into five time periods during the day that were thought to be related to the local diurnal sea breeze and Pacific Coast monsoon weather conditions as follows: (i) the nighttime minimum concentration, i.e., 2300 to 0600 h; (ii) the sunrise peak concentration, i.e., 0600 to 0800 h; (iii) the midday accumulating concentration, i.e., 0800 to 1515 h; (iv) the late-afternoon sea breeze trough concentration, i.e., 1515 to 1700 h; and (v) the evening decrease to the nighttime minimum concentration, i.e., 1700 to 2300 h. The sunrise peak concentration (period ii) is thought to be a relatively general phenomenon dependent on ground heating by the sun, while the afternoon trough concentration is thought to be a relatively local phenomenon dependent on the afternoon sea breeze. Meteorological conditions are thought to be an important regulating influence on airborne bacterial concentrations in the outdoor atmosphere in the Willamette River Valley. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Lighthart, B AU - Shaffer, B T AD - U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1492 EP - 1496 VL - 61 IS - 4 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - airborne particulates KW - disease transmission KW - grass KW - particulates KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - bacteria KW - USA, Oregon KW - J 02908:Air KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16766105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Airborne+bacteria+in+the+atmospheric+surface+layer%3A+Temporal+distribution+above+a+grass+seed+field&rft.au=Lighthart%2C+B%3BShaffer%2C+B+T&rft.aulast=Lighthart&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1492&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Oregon; bacteria; particulates; airborne particulates; disease transmission ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Balancing the rice carbon budget in China using spatially-distributed data AN - 16762007; 3731486 AB - Rice paddies are a source of food for over half of the world population and also the source of a very potent greenhouse gas, methane. We used the FAO soil map of the world to produce a high-resolution rice location map. Using published GIS-linked climate-based and yield-based empirical models, we calculated the net primary production (NPP) of rice fields in China. Values varied between 136 x 10 super(12) g C using climate drivers from digital maps to 222 x 10 super(12) g C using published grain production figures for 1988. We assumed that either 5% of NPP or 30% of the organic matter added to the soil during rice cultivation was transformed into methane, adding up to a total emission of 7 to 16 x 10 super(12) g C. We also gathered published data on fertilizer inputs and management practices and, using linear regression techniques, calculated the correlation between methane emission and carbon inputs to obtain a total emission value of 10 x 10 super(12) g C. Using the results for NPP (135-222 x 10 super(12) g C), methane emission (7-16 x 10 super(12) g C) and published grain production figures, we balanced the carbon budget of rice paddies estimating soil respiration at 51 x 10 super(12) g C for all Chinese rice fields or 159 g C m super(-2) y super(-1) for an average Chinese rice field, a number which agrees with published values for similar systems. This result confirmed our assumption that rice soils in China, where rice cultivation has occurred for several thousand years, were neither losing nor accruing carbon. However, any changes in the hydrology of these soils may transform them into significant carbon sources. Using the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) digital map of the soils of the world, we estimated soil carbon content for the rice-growing regions of China and quantified the potential carbon losses that would occur if these soils were drained. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Bachelet, D AU - Kern, J AU - Toelg, M AD - ManTech Environ. Technol. Inc., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 167 EP - 177 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - China KW - carbon KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - geographic information systems KW - methanogenesis KW - rice fields KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04636:Grasses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16762007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Balancing+the+rice+carbon+budget+in+China+using+spatially-distributed+data&rft.au=Bachelet%2C+D%3BKern%2C+J%3BToelg%2C+M&rft.aulast=Bachelet&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rice fields; geographic information systems; methanogenesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A field information-based system for estimating fish temperature tolerances AN - 16752901; 3726943 AB - In 1979, Biesinger et al. described a technique for spatial and temporal matching of records of stream temperatures and fish sampling events to obtain estimates of yearly temperature regimes for freshwater fishes of the United States. This article describes the state of this Fish and Temperature Database Matching System (FTDMS), its usage to estimate thermal requirements for fishes, some proposed maximum temperature tolerances for several freshwater fish species, and the way these FTDMS-derived values relate to various laboratory test results. Although applicable to all species for which collection records exist, initial development and refinement of FTDMS has focused on estimating the maximum weekly mean temperature tolerance for 30 common fishes of the United States. The method involves extensive use of automated data processing during data incorporation, quality assurance checks, data matching, and endpoint calculation. Maximum weekly mean temperatures derived from FTDMS were always less than laboratory-determined lethal temperatures and were similar to temperature criteria obtained from laboratory data through Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) interpolation procedures. The technique is a cost-effective means of generating temperature tolerance estimates for many U.S. fish species (i.e., more than 100). JF - Fisheries AU - Eaton, J G AU - McCormick, J H AU - Goodno, B E AU - O'Brien, D G AU - Stefany, H G AU - Hondzo, M AU - Scheller, R M AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 10 EP - 19 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0363-2415, 0363-2415 KW - acclimation KW - body temperature KW - fish physiology KW - temperature tolerance KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - climatic changes KW - environmental monitoring KW - freshwater fish KW - physiology KW - greenhouse effect KW - pollution effects KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16752901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries&rft.atitle=A+field+information-based+system+for+estimating+fish+temperature+tolerances&rft.au=Eaton%2C+J+G%3BMcCormick%2C+J+H%3BGoodno%2C+B+E%3BO%27Brien%2C+D+G%3BStefany%2C+H+G%3BHondzo%2C+M%3BScheller%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries&rft.issn=03632415&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental monitoring; acclimation; freshwater fish; physiology; temperature tolerance; fish physiology; pollution effects; greenhouse effect; body temperature; climatic changes; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of freshwater plants for phytotoxicity testing: A review AN - 16745025; 3721175 AB - Phytotoxicity data for aquatic plants have served a relatively minor role in regulatory decisions concerning the environmental hazard of most potential contaminants. A variety of phytotoxicity tests have been conducted with freshwater green algae, duckweed, blue-green algae, diatoms and rooted macrophytes (whole plants and seeds). Several test methods have been standardized for micro-algae which are used primarily with chemicals, effluents, contaminated sediment elutriates and hazardous waste leachates. Current scientific understanding concerning the phytotoxic effects of these contaminants is based mostly on results for a few green algae. The greatest limitation of these results is their uncertain environmental relevance due to the large interspecific variation in response of standard algal test species and the unrealistic experimental test conditions. Results of the few field validation toxicity tests conducted to resolve this uncertainty have been chemical-specific and unpredictable. Aquatic vascular plants have been used less frequently than algae as test species. Duckweeds have been used more often than rooted submersed species but the uncertain nature of their sensitivities relative to animal and other plant species has limited their use. Regulatory interest in wetland protection, contaminated sediment evaluations and sediment quality criteria development will result in increased use of whole rooted plants and their seeds as test species. Overall, regardless of the test species, if phytotoxicity data are to be more available and effective in the hazard assessment process, additional information concerning species sensitivity, and environmental relevance of the results will be needed. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Lewis, MA AD - U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 319 EP - 336 VL - 87 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Lemna KW - Plantae KW - Tracheophyta KW - alcohols KW - freshwater environments KW - freshwater pollution KW - heavy metals KW - macrophytes KW - phytotoxicity KW - pollution control KW - pollution legislation KW - test organisms KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - pesticides KW - algae KW - aquatic plants KW - USA KW - aquatic environment KW - K 03099:Pollution KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q4 27480:Environmental Applications/Impact KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16745025?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=Use+of+freshwater+plants+for+phytotoxicity+testing%3A+A+review&rft.au=Lewis%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; pollution legislation; test organisms; aquatic plants; toxicity tests; algae; toxicity; alcohols; freshwater pollution; pesticides; aquatic environment; heavy metals; pollution control; toxicity testing; macrophytes; phytotoxicity; freshwater environments; Plantae; Lemna; Tracheophyta; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water-conditioning tank to control supersaturation and temperature AN - 16740496; 3721887 AB - An inexpensive system to control temperature and supersaturation of gases in supply water for fish-culture facilities is described. The system has been used for small delivery systems, as well as for a 1,000-gal water-conditioning system supplying 11.9 gal/min to a test apparatus. JF - Progressive Fish-Culturist AU - Herman, L J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 164 EP - 165 VL - 57 IS - 2 SN - 0033-0779, 0033-0779 KW - degassing columns KW - temperature control KW - water conditioning KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - supersaturation KW - culture tanks KW - fish culture KW - water treatment KW - aquaculture systems KW - Freshwater KW - water temperature KW - design KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16740496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progressive+Fish-Culturist&rft.atitle=Water-conditioning+tank+to+control+supersaturation+and+temperature&rft.au=Herman%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Herman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progressive+Fish-Culturist&rft.issn=00330779&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - culture tanks; supersaturation; fish culture; water treatment; aquaculture systems; water temperature; design; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and field validation of a microcosm to simulate the mercury cycle in a contaminated pond AN - 16735246; 3715076 AB - A microcosm consisting of water, sediment, and air compartments was used to simulate mercury geochemical cycling in a mercury-contaminated ( mu g/L) pond at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Total and dissolved mercury and total methylmercury were analyzed in water and sediment; total gaseous mercury and head-space mercury were analyzed in the water and head space, respectively. The production of gaseous mercury was correlated to dissolved mercury (0.2- mu m filtration), and methyl-mercury was mainly produced in the sediment compartment. Addition of mercuric chloride to the system increased the production of head-space mercury by a factor of 10 but did not affect the methylation rate. Saturation of gaseous mercury in microcosm water varied from 480 to 1,500% of the solubility of elemental mercury and was controlled by unidentified factors. The microcosm maintained stable conditions for up to 3 weeks, and a mass balance indicated that it reasonably simulated the cycling of mercury in the pond. This microcosm could be used to test remedial treatments aimed at decreasing the amount of mercury that is available for accumulation by biota. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Saouter, E AU - Gillman, M AU - Turner, R AU - Barkay, T AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 69 EP - 77 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - biogeochemical cycle KW - chemical speciation KW - dimethylmercury KW - fate of pollutants KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - methyl mercury KW - microcosms KW - remediation KW - sediment pollution KW - volatility KW - water pollution sources KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - biogeochemistry KW - Freshwater KW - simulation KW - water pollution KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - ponds KW - water analysis KW - aquatic environment KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16735246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Development+and+field+validation+of+a+microcosm+to+simulate+the+mercury+cycle+in+a+contaminated+pond&rft.au=Saouter%2C+E%3BGillman%2C+M%3BTurner%2C+R%3BBarkay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Saouter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogeochemistry; sediment pollution; simulation; methyl mercury; ponds; microcosms; biogeochemical cycle; water analysis; chemical speciation; aquatic environment; water pollution; geochemistry; mercury; remediation; volatility; water pollution sources; fate of pollutants; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the BioGenesis super(SM) soil washing technology AN - 16734705; 3714865 AB - The BioGenesis Enterprises, Inc. (BioGenesis) soil washing technology was demonstrated as part of the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) program in November 1992. The demonstration was conducted over three days at a petroleum refinery where soils were contaminated with crude oil. The BioGenesis soil cleaning process consists of two stages. In the first stage, contaminants are transferred from the soil matrix to a liquid phase using a proprietary surfactant solution. In the second stage, the surfactant solution enhances biodegradation of residual contamination in soil. For the SITE demonstration, three runs were conducted over three days, each treating 18 cubic yards of soil. Based on chemical analyses conducted on soils collected prior to the demonstration, total recoverable petroleum hydrocarbon (TRPH) was selected as the parameter of concern for the SITE demonstration. TRPH concentrations were monitored in treated and contaminated soils, water, and wastewater. Results of chemical analyses show that TRPH levels decreased by 65-73% in washed soils. The TRPHs in residual soils indicate that soil washing and biodegradation together removed 85-88% of TRPH after 120 days. The treatment system's performance was found to be reproducible at constant operating conditions. This paper presents an introduction, a technology description, the experimental design of the SITE demonstration, SITE demonstration results, and conclusions. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Gatchett, A AU - Banerjee, P AD - U.S. EPA, Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Superfund Technol. Demonstration Div., 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 165 EP - 173 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - soil washing KW - Superfund sites KW - evaluation KW - soil management KW - refineries KW - soil remediation KW - Superfund KW - hazardous wastes KW - waste disposal sites KW - crude oil KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - technology KW - oil KW - biodegradation KW - soil contamination KW - surfactants KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16734705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+BioGenesis+super%28SM%29+soil+washing+technology&rft.au=Gatchett%2C+A%3BBanerjee%2C+P&rft.aulast=Gatchett&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - evaluation; soil contamination; soil management; technology; surfactants; biodegradation; oil; refineries; soil remediation; Superfund; hazardous wastes; waste disposal sites; crude oil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conjugal transfer at natural population densities in a microcosm simulating an estuarine environment AN - 16725661; 3712973 AB - Estuarine microcosms were used to follow conjugal transfer of a broad host range IncP1 plasmid from a Pseudomonas putida donor to indigenous bacteria. Donor cells were added at a concentration similar to the natural abundance of bacteria in the water column (10 super(6) cells/ml). Transfer was not detected in any of the test microcosms (calculated limit of detection of 10 super(-7) and 10 super(-4) transconjugants/donor in water column and sediment, respectively), with the exception of transfer to an isogenic recipient (added at 10 super(5) cells/ml) in sediments of controls that had been inoculated with both donors and recipients. The same plasmid was transferred with high efficiencies (10 super(-1) to 10 super(-3)) to a variety of recipients in filter and broth matings. These results suggest that if conjugal gene transfer occurred, it was at efficiencies that were not detectable in estuarine microcosms simulating natural population densities. JF - FEMS Microbiology Ecology AU - Barkay, T AU - Kroer, N AU - Rasmussen, L D AU - Sorensen, S J AD - Microb. Ecol. and Biotechnol. Branch, U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 43 EP - 54 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0168-6496, 0168-6496 KW - genetically engineered microorganisms KW - microbiological analysis KW - plasmid IncP1 KW - risk assessment KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - conjugation KW - population density KW - risks KW - Brackish KW - biotechnology KW - estuaries KW - microcosms KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - microorganisms KW - N 14673:Conjugation KW - Q1 08205:Genetics and evolution KW - J 02905:Water KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16725661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.atitle=Conjugal+transfer+at+natural+population+densities+in+a+microcosm+simulating+an+estuarine+environment&rft.au=Barkay%2C+T%3BKroer%2C+N%3BRasmussen%2C+L+D%3BSorensen%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Barkay&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.issn=01686496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microbiological analysis; biotechnology; estuaries; microcosms; conjugation; population density; risks; microorganisms; risk assessment; Pseudomonas putida; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions among salinity, temperature, and age on growth of the estuarine mysid Mysidopsis bahia reared in the laboratory through a complete life cycle. I. Body mass and age-specific growth rate AN - 16712151; 3702979 AB - A broad range of salinity-temperature conditions (salinities from 3-31ppt and temperatures from 19-31 degree C) significantly influenced growth rates and subsequent body mass of the estuarine mysid Mysidopsis bahia reared in the laboratory from the first juvenile stage through first brood production by the mature adult. Not only did salinity and temperature significantly interact to affect mysid growth, but a highly significant three-factor salinity-temperature-age interaction modified growth in this species. Response surfaces depict that maximum body mass was obtained after 4 weeks at temperatures between 24 and 29 degree C and in salinities (S) above 19ppt. Optimal salinity-temperature conditions for growth of M. bahia are correlated with both its resistance patterns to these dominant environmental factors and its distribution pattern in estuarine waters. Canonical analysis of the empirical data produced an absolute maximum dry weight at 26ppt S and 27 degree C after 4 weeks of growth. Salinity conditions accounting for optimal growth are in close agreement with the isosmotic point (24ppt S) for this species, suggesting reduced growth efficiency concurrent with osmotic stress, particularly hypoosmotic stress. Maximum growth rates of mysids reared under a broad salinity-temperature range occurred during the second week, just prior to maturation, suggesting that changing levels of reproduction are correlated with modifications in mysid growth over time. JF - Journal of crustacean biology. Washington DC AU - McKenney, CL Jr AU - Celestial, D M AD - EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 169 EP - 178 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0278-0372, 0278-0372 KW - salinity KW - temperature KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Mysidopsis bahia KW - age KW - growth rate KW - body weight KW - D 04665:Crustaceans UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16712151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+crustacean+biology.+Washington+DC&rft.atitle=Interactions+among+salinity%2C+temperature%2C+and+age+on+growth+of+the+estuarine+mysid+Mysidopsis+bahia+reared+in+the+laboratory+through+a+complete+life+cycle.+I.+Body+mass+and+age-specific+growth+rate&rft.au=McKenney%2C+CL+Jr%3BCelestial%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=McKenney&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+crustacean+biology.+Washington+DC&rft.issn=02780372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mysidopsis bahia; growth rate; body weight; age ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Possible errors in assay for beta -glycosidase activity AN - 16711682; 3709460 AB - Cecal homogenates were assayed for the enzymes beta -glucosidase, beta -glucuronidase, and beta -galactosidase. Anaerobic incubation with the addition of excess 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene, a substrate for nitroreductase, significantly increased the detection of the beta -glycosidase enzymes' activities. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Chadwick, R W AU - Allison, J C AU - Talley, D L AU - George, SE AD - Genet. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 820 EP - 822 VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - beta -glycosidase KW - 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - toxicity KW - cecum KW - anaerobic microorganisms KW - assays KW - J 02821:Assays KW - A 01116:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16711682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Possible+errors+in+assay+for+beta+-glycosidase+activity&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+R+W%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BTalley%2C+D+L%3BGeorge%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=820&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cecum; anaerobic microorganisms; toxicity; assays ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCB Congeners and hexachlorobenzene biota sediment accumulation factors for Macoma nasuta exposed to sediments with different total organic carbon contents AN - 16711030; 3708049 AB - Deposit-feeding marine clams (Macoma nasuta) were exposed for 119 d to three sediment types that varied in total organic carbon (TOC) from 0.8 to 2.5%. Sediments were spiked with equal concentrations of 13 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and hexachlorobenzene. Tissue residues were measured, and steady-bioaccumulation factors (BAFs), the corresponding lipid, and TOC-normalized biota sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) were determined. The BSAFs were less variable than were the BAFs with the exception of compounds with log K sub(ow) > 7. Many of the BASFs exceeded 1.7, which is a calculated maximum value based on partitioning alone. Although BSAFs varied with sediment type and compound, the use of a BSAF of 4 as a screening level for neutral organic compounds in assessing dredge materials is supported by the present study. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Boese, B L AU - Winsor, M AU - Lee, H II AU - Echols, S AU - Pelletier, J AU - Randall, R AD - U.S. EPA, Pac. Ecosyst. Branch, Newport, OR 97365-5260, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 303 EP - 310 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Macoma nasuta KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - aromatics KW - clams KW - hexachlorobenzene KW - pollution effects KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - sediment pollution KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - bioaccumulation KW - sediments KW - USA, Oregon KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - organic compounds KW - marine environment KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16711030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=PCB+Congeners+and+hexachlorobenzene+biota+sediment+accumulation+factors+for+Macoma+nasuta+exposed+to+sediments+with+different+total+organic+carbon+contents&rft.au=Boese%2C+B+L%3BWinsor%2C+M%3BLee%2C+H+II%3BEchols%2C+S%3BPelletier%2C+J%3BRandall%2C+R&rft.aulast=Boese&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; organic compounds; aromatics; marine environment; sediments; sediment pollution; pollution effects; PCB; bioaccumulation; hexachlorobenzene; PCB compounds; clams; polychlorinated biphenyls; water pollution effects; Macoma nasuta; INE, USA, Oregon; USA, Oregon; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of thermal desorption technologies to hazardous waste sites AN - 16706520; 3702482 AB - Thermal desorption is a separation process frequently used to remediate many Superfund sites. Thermal desorption technologies are recommended and used because of (1) the wide range of organic contaminants effectively treated, (2) availability and mobility of commercial systems, and (3) the public acceptance of the treatment approach. Thermal desorption is applicable to many organic wastes and generally not used for treating inorganics and metals. Commercial systems are now in operation remediating Superfund sites, and more are under construction. The public has shown a preference for this technology over incineration because, as a separation process, it seems less likely to create dioxins and other oxidation products. The US EPA SITE program has evaluated the major thermal desorption vendors to answer several questions about the technology; what is the treatment effectiveness, are there products of incomplete combustion, and what are the air emissions? JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - de Percin, PR AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Res. Dev., 26 W. M.L. King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 203 EP - 209 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - thermal desorption KW - Superfund KW - waste storage KW - hazardous wastes KW - waste disposal sites KW - separation processes KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - technology KW - wastewater treatment KW - remediation KW - hazardous materials KW - organic wastes KW - organic compounds KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - H SE3.23:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16706520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Application+of+thermal+desorption+technologies+to+hazardous+waste+sites&rft.au=de+Percin%2C+PR&rft.aulast=de+Percin&rft.aufirst=PR&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wastewater treatment; waste storage; hazardous materials; remediation; organic compounds; technology; organic wastes; Superfund; hazardous wastes; waste disposal sites; separation processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remediation of low permeability subsurface formations by fracturing enhancement of soil vapor extraction AN - 16706079; 3702480 AB - This paper describes the Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation ((SITE) of pneumatic and hydraulic fracturing to augment and improve the extraction of volatile contaminants from soil. The fracturing procedures involve a physical pressurization process that creates fissures and channels in soils to enhance fluid or vapor flow in the subsurface. Fractures are placed at specific locations and depths inside the boreholes of wells to increase the effectiveness of in situ remedial technologies, especially soil vapor extraction (SVE). The fracturing technology is primarily beneficial in tightly packed geologic formations having low permeabilities. Results from several demonstrations indicated orders of magnitude increases in subsurface vapor flow and contaminated vapor extraction rates after soil fracturing. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Frank, U AU - Barkley, N AD - U.S. EPA, Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 191 EP - 201 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Superfund sites KW - vapor extraction KW - water pollution treatment KW - volatility KW - fluid flow KW - geologic formations KW - subsurface water KW - geologic fractures KW - soil remediation KW - Superfund KW - waste disposal sites KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - remediation KW - soil contamination KW - permeability KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16706079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Remediation+of+low+permeability+subsurface+formations+by+fracturing+enhancement+of+soil+vapor+extraction&rft.au=Frank%2C+U%3BBarkley%2C+N&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water pollution treatment; soil contamination; volatility; fluid flow; remediation; geologic formations; subsurface water; permeability; geologic fractures; soil remediation; Superfund; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A statistical analysis of stationary source compliance test audit data AN - 16706026; 3702377 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides audit materials to organizations conducting compliance tests using EPA Test Methods 6 (SO sub(2)), 7 (NO sub(x)), 18 (organics by GC), 25 (organics as ppm C), 106 (vinyl chloride), and 26 (HCl), and to those organizations conducting trial burn testing for toxic volatile organics under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (Method 0030). These audit samples must be analyzed and the results reported to the regulatory agency along with the compliance test results. Each regulation specifies accuracy (percent bias) limits that must be achieved on the audit samples. Failure to meet these accuracy limits may invalidate the compliance test results. A statistical analysis was done on the results from 4,321 compliance audits to determine if the limits will be achieved by most organizations. This analysis determined that they are likely to be achieved more than 90% of the time for Methods 6, 7, and 26, and also for some of the organics measured by Methods 18 and 0030. However, they are not likely to be achieved even 50% of the time for Method 25 and for many method 18 measurements. No decision could be made for Method 106 because of insufficient data. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Mitchell, W J AU - Suggs, J C AU - Streib, E W AD - Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assess. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 83 EP - 88 VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - toxic materials KW - air pollution measurements KW - compliance KW - EPA KW - volatile organic compounds KW - measuring methods KW - environmental audits KW - federal regulations KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16706026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=A+statistical+analysis+of+stationary+source+compliance+test+audit+data&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+W+J%3BSuggs%2C+J+C%3BStreib%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution measurements; compliance; federal regulations; EPA; toxic materials; volatile organic compounds; measuring methods; environmental audits ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil-washing technology and practice AN - 16705921; 3702477 AB - Soil washing in the United States has been studied and evaluated with increasing thoroughness during the last 15 to 20 years. It is now entering a phase of actual use and acceptance as its applicability and economics become clearer. This paper reviews the principles behind soil washing, methods of predicting and measuring its performance, some typical soil-washing processes, and several recent field applications. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Griffiths, R A AD - Releases Control Branch (MS-104), Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, 2890 Woodbridge Ave., Edison, NJ 08837, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 175 EP - 189 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - soil washing KW - pollution KW - soil management KW - solubility KW - soil remediation KW - economics KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - technology KW - remediation KW - soil contamination KW - surfactants KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16705921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Soil-washing+technology+and+practice&rft.au=Griffiths%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil contamination; soil management; technology; surfactants; solubility; remediation; soil remediation; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of emissions inventories for evaluation of Eulerian acid deposition models AN - 16705383; 3699676 AB - During the past decade, acid deposition has been a primary environmental problem of concern for the governments of the United States and Canada. In order to better evaluate and study the problem, these governments and other organizations have developed and used Eulerian mathematical models to bring together the sciences of chemistry, physics, and meteorology. Since these models use emissions of acid rain precursors as input, it is important that these emissions estimates be as accurate as possible. A paper, entitled "The Eulerian Model Evaluation Field Study" (EMEFS), gives an overview of the activities of a binational (U.S./Canadian) group organized to conduct an extensive field study to evaluate two Eulerian models. That group appointed and directs the activities of four teams: diagnostic measurements, operational (surface) measurements, model evaluation, and emissions inventory. This paper describes the emissions inventory that was developed by the emissions inventory team (EIT) and is being used as input to the Eulerian models discussed in the above referenced paper. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Kaplan, N AU - DeWaters, JE AU - Ryan, R AU - Novak, J H AD - Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 17 EP - 24 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - mathematical models KW - emission inventories KW - environmental protection KW - acid rain KW - USA KW - Canada KW - research programs KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16705383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Development+of+emissions+inventories+for+evaluation+of+Eulerian+acid+deposition+models&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+N%3BDeWaters%2C+JE%3BRyan%2C+R%3BNovak%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Canada; acid rain; emission inventories; mathematical models; research programs; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reuse of urban and industrial waste in Tai-Lin-Pu reclamation project, Taiwan AN - 16208892; 4273795 AB - This study introduces the principles of KMG's (Kaoshiung Municipal Government) dealing with the non-poisonous urban and industrial waste through reclamation of shore land in reinforcing a sense of coastal protection and land development in Tai-Lin-Pu coastal area, southern Taiwan. Through a series of experimental studies, we found that substitutes of coarse aggregate with a broad spectrum of integrating slag powder, fly ash, and cementitious material can be obtained with a benefit up to 80% saving of cement. The integrated aggregates from the non-poisonous industrial wastes were subsequently made into armour units and used in the field tests at Tai-Lin-Pu coastal area, where the shorelines are seriously eroded. After being subjected to several severe typhoon advents, the results showed that the waste-made units used as the protection breakwater, together with construction wastes and excavated soil as the filling material, prove to be an effective practice in utilizing recycled urban waste to reclaim erosive shore lands. Moreover, this study also demonstrates that through detailed analysis of the waste characteristics, scrap material could be turned into valuable construction aggregates, and highlights the value of non-poisonous urban and industrial waste as a alternative resource for the shore protection engineering. JF - Chemistry and Ecology AU - Chuang, J C AU - Lan, Y C AU - Hsu, Y S AU - Chuang, S L AU - Liaw AU - Chang, C S AD - EPA Kaohsiung Municipal Govt., Kaohsiung, Taiwan Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 97 EP - 104 PB - Gordon & Breach Science Publishers VL - 10 IS - 1-2 SN - 0275-7540, 0275-7540 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Fly ash KW - Aggregates KW - ISEW, Taiwan, Tai-Lin-Pu KW - Breakwaters KW - Industrial wastes KW - Shore protection KW - Concrete structures KW - Field tests KW - Waste recovery KW - Land reclamation KW - Coasts KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - Q2 09327:Coast defences and harbour works UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16208892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemistry+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=The+reuse+of+urban+and+industrial+waste+in+Tai-Lin-Pu+reclamation+project%2C+Taiwan&rft.au=Chuang%2C+J+C%3BLan%2C+Y+C%3BHsu%2C+Y+S%3BChuang%2C+S+L%3BLiaw%3BChang%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Chuang&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemistry+and+Ecology&rft.issn=02757540&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Breakwaters; Shore protection; Industrial wastes; Concrete structures; Fly ash; Land reclamation; Aggregates; Coasts; Field tests; Waste recovery; ISEW, Taiwan, Tai-Lin-Pu; Marine ER - TY - CONF T1 - Long Island Sound: An initial analysis of EMAP data within the context of watershed characteristics AN - 16097004; 4202328 AB - The U.S. EPA's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) has completed four years of monitoring the estuaries of the Virginian Province (Cape Cod, MA to Cape Henry, VA). During that time 63 Long Island Sound (LIS) stations were sampled during the summer months for a variety of ecological parameters. Included among them were: water quality (dissolved oxygen concentrations, temperature, salinity, total suspended solids, fluorescence, transmissivity), sediment quality (sediment chemical contamination, grain size, sediment toxicity, macrobenthic infaunal constituents), and finfish enumeration and quality (fish species composition, contaminants in fish flesh, gross external pathologies). Results of these measurements were then evaluated for both greater LIS and the smaller estuaries and embayments along the perimeter of the Sound. The watersheds of the entire LIS and of several of the smaller systems were delineated using ARC/INFO GIS analysis software, and associations were made between degraded EMAP sites and proximity of various land-use categories (e.g., urban or agricultural), point source discharges, etc., within the watershed. Preliminary review of the data indicate that, with the exception of hypoxia in greater LIS, the small estuarine systems within the Sound have a higher proportion of their areal extent impacted by degraded conditions, including sediment toxicity, benthic community impoverishment, and chemical contamination (DBO). JF - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA). 93 p. 1995. AU - Schimmel, S C AU - Paul, J F Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 93 PB - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA) KW - environmental monitoring KW - histopathology KW - hypoxia KW - marine fish KW - sediment contamination KW - sediment pollution KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - NYSGI-W-94-001 KW - water quality KW - fish KW - watersheds KW - Freshwater KW - estuaries KW - ANW, USA KW - Marine KW - physicochemical properties KW - Brackish KW - USA KW - data collections KW - land use KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16097004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Long+Island+Sound%3A+An+initial+analysis+of+EMAP+data+within+the+context+of+watershed+characteristics&rft.au=Schimmel%2C+S+C%3BPaul%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Schimmel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Toxic substance contamination in Long Island Sound AN - 16096088; 4202331 AB - Toxic contaminants include both naturally-occurring and man-made substances which can cause adverse ecosystem or human health risks when exceeding certain concentrations. In Long Island Sound, toxic substances can be found dissolved in the water, attached to sediment particles, or in the tissues of plants and animals. Once released into the environment, many toxic substances persist for a long time. They may recycle from the sediments through the food chain and back into the sediments several times before they are buried in sediments or, in the case of organic compounds, are broken down over many years into less harmful substances. The Long Island Sound Study (LISS) has evaluated the available information on the inputs, fate, and effects of toxic substances in the Long Island Sound ecosystem. There are data gaps in the information available on the geographic distribution and the relative concentrations of organic contaminants and metal concentrations in water, sediment, and fish tissue. Very few reliable data on water column toxic contaminant levels exist, while the database for the sediments, particularly the metals, is the most comprehensive of all the toxic contaminant data reviewed. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels in commercial and recreationally important finish are well studied, but most other types of toxic contaminants are not. However, based on the available information which was compiled and interpreted, there is evidence that toxic substances are of concern in Long Island Sound (DBO). JF - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA). pp. 31-34. 1995. AU - Tedesco, M AU - Chytalo, K Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 31 EP - 34 PB - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA) KW - USA, Long Island Sound KW - food webs KW - pollutant persistence KW - sediment contamination KW - sediment pollution KW - toxic materials KW - toxicology KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - NYSGI-W-94-001 KW - bioaccumulation KW - hazardous materials KW - toxicity KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - biodegradation KW - ANW, USA, Long Island Sound KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16096088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Toxic+substance+contamination+in+Long+Island+Sound&rft.au=Tedesco%2C+M%3BChytalo%2C+K&rft.aulast=Tedesco&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Effects of hypoxia on growth and survival of crustaceans and fishes of Long Island Sound AN - 16093735; 4202326 AB - The minimum dissolved oxygen (DO) requirements of marine animals are being investigated to develop water quality criteria for DO. This research has focused on growth and survival as the parameters of concern. Hypoxia-sensitive fish and crustacean larvae and recently metamorphosed juveniles have been emphasized. This paper examines findings applicable to Long Island Sound (LIS), reporting results for animals present in subpycnocline waters of the Sound from June into September, the months hypoxia may occur. Laboratory tests generally followed acute or chronic toxicological test designs and employed flow through exposures. Test durations were four days for survival and four to 21 days for growth, depending on growth rate of the test animal. Results are expressed as the DO concentration resulting in 10 percent increments of impairment relative to the control, determined by interpolation of the response curve. Results are available for 14 species which occur in LIS during the summer. Threshold concentrations for hypoxic effects are 4.7 mg/l for impaired larval growth, 3.6 mg/l for impaired larval survival, and 3.3 mg/l for impaired juvenile growth. The threshold for impaired juvenile survival is 1.7 mg/l, well below the preceding categories. The results suggest the following consequences of hypoxia in LIS over the range of 4.0 to less than or equal to 1.7 mg/l, assuming avoidance does not occur. At 4.0 mg/l, 15 percent growth impairment may occur in the most sensitive larvae, (e.g. Palaemonetes vulgaris). At 3.0 mg /l, there may be 30 percent growth impairment, (P. vulgaris), and 10 to 30 percent survival impairment, (Cancer irroratus, Dyspanopeus sayi), plus 25 percent growth impairement in juvenile crustaceans, (Homarus americanus, P. vulgaris). At 2.0 mg/l, effects may include greater than or equal to 50 percent larval growth impairment, (D. sayi, P. vulgaris), and >50% impaired larval survival, (C. irroratus, D. sayi, Eurypanopeus depressus, P. vulgaris), plus 35 to 50 percent juvenile growth impairment, (Paralichthys dentatus, H. americanus, P. vulgaris). Below 2.0 mg/l, these effects would increase in magnitude and less than or equal to 1.7 mg/l, impaired survival of juveniles would begin to occur. The consequences of these effects on populations will be discussed (DBO). JF - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA). 92 p. 1995. AU - Miller, D C AU - Poucher, S L AU - Coiro, L AU - Rego, S AU - Munns, W Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 92 PB - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA) KW - Crustaceans KW - Growth KW - USA, Long Island Sound KW - crustacean larvae KW - fish larvae KW - hypoxia KW - pollution effects KW - populations KW - pycnocline KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - NYSGI-W-94-001 KW - water quality KW - anoxic conditions KW - fish KW - Marine KW - ANW, USA, Long Island Sound KW - larvae KW - dissolved oxygen KW - survival KW - growth KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16093735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effects+of+hypoxia+on+growth+and+survival+of+crustaceans+and+fishes+of+Long+Island+Sound&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+C%3BPoucher%2C+S+L%3BCoiro%2C+L%3BRego%2C+S%3BMunns%2C+W&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of cadmium on survival, osmoregulatory ability and bioenergetics of juvenile blue crabs Callinectes sapidus at different salinities AN - 16092496; 4117462 AB - Juvenile blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus, from the Barataria Estuary (Louisiana, USA) were exposed to a range of dissolved cadmium concentrations at 2.5 and 25% sub(o) to determine their response to cadmium. 2l-Day LC sub(50)s were an order of magnitude lower at 2.5% sub(o) (19 mu g liter super(-1)) than at 25% sub(o) (186 mu g liter super(-1)). Crabs were exposed to Cd levels of 0.50 and 100 mu g liter super(-1) for measurements of feeding, respiration and excretion rates. Respiration was the primary component ( sub(x) super(-) = 86.2%) of the energy expenditure budget in all cases, relative to excretion. Rates of energy expenditure did not vary with cadmium concentration at either salinity, and were much lower than those of energy consumption and absorption. Scope for growth paralleled energy consumption and absorption. Scope for growth did not vary as a function of cadmium concentration at 25% sub(o); scope for growth at 25% sub(o) was significantly lower in crabs exposed to 50 and 100 mu g liter super(-1) Cd relative to control crabs. Cadmium levels of up to 100 mu g liter super(-1) do not stress juvenile blue crabs at 25% sub(o); but at 2.5% sub(o), these same levels of Cd result in mortality and sub-lethal stress. This finding is important since nursery grounds for juveniles of this species often lie in low salinity, estuarine waters, and high dissolved cadmium levels have been reported in Louisiana estuaries. JF - Marine Environmental Research AU - Guerin, J L AU - Stickle, W B AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 227 EP - 246 VL - 40 IS - 3 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - salinity effects KW - Lethal effects KW - ASW, USA, Louisiana, Barataria Bay KW - Sublethal effects KW - osmoregulation KW - cadmium KW - bioenergetics KW - Callinectes sapidus KW - Marine crustaceans KW - Toxicity tests KW - Q1 08286:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16092496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+cadmium+on+survival%2C+osmoregulatory+ability+and+bioenergetics+of+juvenile+blue+crabs+Callinectes+sapidus+at+different+salinities&rft.au=Guerin%2C+J+L%3BStickle%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Guerin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - salinity effects; Lethal effects; Sublethal effects; osmoregulation; cadmium; bioenergetics; Toxicity tests; Marine crustaceans; Callinectes sapidus; ASW, USA, Louisiana, Barataria Bay; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal expression and cellular distribution of pulmonary fibronectin gene induction following exposure to an emission source particle AN - 15907723; 4041870 AB - This study examines the ability of an emission source particle, residual oil fly ash (ROFA), to influence pulmonary fibronectin (Fn) gene expression. Fn is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein involved in a variety of cellular functions, including inflammation, cell proliferation, and fibrosis. Temporal expression and spatial distribution of Fn gene induction were assessed by in situ hybridization in rat lung during acute phase of lung injury occurring 6 to 72 h following intratracheal instillation of ROFA. Fn mRNA was not detected in rat lungs treated with either saline or at 6 h after ROFA treatment. However, Fn mRNA was induced in airway epithelial cells 24 h after ROFA instillation. Histopathology showed peribronchial inflammation and focal edema. Diffuse inflammation in alveolar region with limited expression of Fn mRNA was evident 48 h after ROFA exposure, occurring mainly in proliferating epithelial cells. Extensive Fn mRNA expression was seen in proliferating fibroblasts and in hyperplastic epithelial cells within incipient fibrotic lesions 72 h after exposure, while the intensity of expression in the airway epithelial cells was decreased. Therefore, Fn mRNA induction was associated with inflammatory and incipient fibrotic lesions, indicating its possible involvement in airway hyperreactivity and initiation of fibrogenesis. JF - Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology AU - Su, Wei-Yi AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Jaskot, R H AU - Costa, D L AU - Dreher, K L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, NHEERL/ETD/PTB, MD-82, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 215 EP - 225 VL - 14 IS - 3-4 SN - 0731-8898, 0731-8898 KW - residual oil fly ash KW - fibronectins KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - gene expression KW - fibrosis KW - air pollution KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15907723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Pathology%2C+Toxicology+and+Oncology&rft.atitle=Temporal+expression+and+cellular+distribution+of+pulmonary+fibronectin+gene+induction+following+exposure+to+an+emission+source+particle&rft.au=Su%2C+Wei-Yi%3BKodavanti%2C+U+P%3BJaskot%2C+R+H%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BDreher%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Wei-Yi&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Pathology%2C+Toxicology+and+Oncology&rft.issn=07318898&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; gene expression; lung; fibrosis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional lake quality patterns: Their relationship to lake conservation and management decisions AN - 15765582; 3984046 AB - Understanding regional lake quality patterns is important to lake restoration. It puts specific lake conditions into perspective, provides a basis for establishing lake quality goals, identifies lakes most likely to benefit from restoration and forms a framework for assessing restoration success. We describe two techniques used to characterize regional lake quality patterns. Combining the two approaches provides an effective means to describe lake regions, management goals and restoration success. Case examples illustrate the significance of regional lake quality to specific lake restoration projects. JF - Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management AU - Peterson, SA AU - Hughes, R M AU - Larsen, D P AU - Paulsen, S G AU - Omernik, JM AD - US EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 163 EP - 167 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1320-5331, 1320-5331 KW - case studies KW - decision making KW - ecosystem management KW - environment management KW - environmental restoration KW - lake reclamation KW - lake restoration KW - nature conservation KW - phosphorus KW - regional analysis KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - lakes KW - water management KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - conservation KW - surveys KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15765582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lakes+%26+Reservoirs%3A+Research+and+Management&rft.atitle=Regional+lake+quality+patterns%3A+Their+relationship+to+lake+conservation+and+management+decisions&rft.au=Peterson%2C+SA%3BHughes%2C+R+M%3BLarsen%2C+D+P%3BPaulsen%2C+S+G%3BOmernik%2C+JM&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lakes+%26+Reservoirs%3A+Research+and+Management&rft.issn=13205331&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nature conservation; water quality; ecosystem management; conservation; environment management; lakes; lake reclamation; water management; surveys; phosphorus; environmental protection; environmental restoration; decision making; case studies; lake restoration; regional analysis; Freshwater ER - TY - CONF T1 - Persistence of desertified ecosystems: Explanations and implications AN - 15650715; 3945810 AB - Studies of rainfall partitioning by shrubs, responses of shrub-dominated ecosystems to herbicide treatment, and experiments using drought and supplemental rainfall were conducted to test the hypothesis that the shrub-dominated ecosystems that have replaced desert grasslands are resistant and resilient to disturbance. Between 16 and 25% of the intercepted rainfall is channelized to deep soil storage by stemflow and root channelization. Stemflow water is nutrient enriched and contributes to the "islands of fertility" that develop under desert shrubs. Drought and rainfall augmentation experiments during the growing season after 5 consecutive years of summer drought found that (1) growth of creosotebushes, Larrea tridentata, was not significantly affected, (2) perennial grasses and forbs disappeared on droughted plots, (3) nitrogen mineralization increased in the short term, and (4) densities and biomass of spring annual plants increased on the droughted plots. Doubling summer rainfall for 5 consecutive years had less-significant effects. Coppice dunes treated with herbicide in 1979 to kill mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) had the same frequency of occurrence of the shrub as the untreated dunes when remeasured in 1993. These data indicate that the shrub-dominated ecosystems persist because they are resistant and resilient to climatic and anthropogenic stresses. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Whitford, W G AU - Martinez-Turanzas, G AU - Martinez-Meza, E Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 319 EP - 332 VL - 37 IS - 1-3 KW - disturbance KW - water infiltration KW - drought KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - rainfall KW - desertification KW - shrubs KW - infiltration KW - grasslands KW - D 04130:Arid zones KW - SW 2080:Watershed protection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15650715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+desertified+ecosystems%3A+Explanations+and+implications&rft.au=Whitford%2C+W+G%3BMartinez-Turanzas%2C+G%3BMartinez-Meza%2C+E&rft.aulast=Whitford&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salinity adjustment of effluents for use with marine bioassays: Effects on the larvae of the doughboy scallop Chlamys asperrimus and the Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea commercialis AN - 15619834; 3931483 AB - A number of artificial and natural reconstituted seawater preparations were assessed for their suitability in raising the salinity of effluents using the test species Chlamys asperrimus and Saccostrea commercialis in 48 h larval abnormality tests. Several of the preparations were found to inhibit larval growth and development. Hypersaline Brine (HSB) and GP-2 were found to be suitable for C. asperrimus bioassays, and results were not significantly different from control treatments (p>0.05). Bioassay results using HSB, Ocean Nature registered and Marinemix registered were suitable for S. commercialis at a salinity of 34ppt, however Ocean Nature registered was the only treatment suitable at 25ppt. Control treatments using natural seawater and the reconstituted salt preparation should be tested with any bioassays where effluent salinity has been raised using synthetic preparations to detect any inhibitory effects. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Krassoi, R AD - Ecotoxicol. Sect., NSW Environ. Prot. Authority, EPA/UTS Cent. for Ecotoxicol., Westbourne St. Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 143 EP - 148 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - marine molluscs KW - salinity effects KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - wastewater aquaculture KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - bioassays KW - Chlamys asperrimus KW - marine environment KW - Saccostrea commercialis KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q1 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15619834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Salinity+adjustment+of+effluents+for+use+with+marine+bioassays%3A+Effects+on+the+larvae+of+the+doughboy+scallop+Chlamys+asperrimus+and+the+Sydney+rock+oyster+Saccostrea+commercialis&rft.au=Krassoi%2C+R&rft.aulast=Krassoi&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - salinity effects; wastewater aquaculture; marine environment; toxicity tests; bioassays; marine molluscs; toxicity testing; Chlamys asperrimus; Saccostrea commercialis; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute toxicity of laundry detergents to an Australian cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia) AN - 15619198; 3931484 AB - The acute toxicity (48-h EC50) of twenty Australian and four English laundry detergents to the native freshwater cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard were determined. The toxicity of Australian detergents ranged from 2.3 mg/L to 70.3 mg/L or from 0.2% to 5.0% of the recommended dose. Nine of the detergents, including five Australian detergents, were classed as having medium toxicity (EC50 values between 1 and 10 mg/L) and 15 were of low toxicity (EC50 values > 10 mg/L). The various analyses conducted indicated that the variation in toxicity of the detergents could not be explained by the concentration of phosphorus nor by the presence or absence of enzymes and/or zeolites. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Warne, MStJ AD - Ecotoxicol. Sect., NSW Environ. Prot. Authority, EPA/UTS Cent. for Ecotoxicol., Westbourne St., Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 127 EP - 135 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - phosphorus KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - detergents KW - toxicity KW - freshwater pollution KW - Australia KW - X 24140:Cosmetics, toiletries & household products KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15619198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+toxicity+of+laundry+detergents+to+an+Australian+cladoceran+%28Ceriodaphnia+dubia%29&rft.au=Warne%2C+MStJ&rft.aulast=Warne&rft.aufirst=MStJ&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detergents; toxicity; freshwater pollution; toxicity tests; phosphorus; Ceriodaphnia dubia; Australia; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of a urinary biomarker for total human environmental exposure to benzo[a]pyrene AN - 15607754; 3926676 AB - Urinary banzo[a]pyrene (BaP) metabolite levels were compared to human environmental exposure to BaP through inhalation and dietary ingestion to assess the predictive validity of the exposure biomarker. These measurements were made for 14 adult volunteers over 14 consecutive days, once during summer/fall, again during winter periods. Based on personal air monitoring, median potential inhalation doses of 11.0 and 2.3 ng/day were estimated for the winter and summer/fall studies, respectively. A median potential ingested dose of 176 ng/day, estimated from "duplicate plate" sampling, exceeded inhalation by 6- and 122-fold for the winter and summer/fall studies, respectively. "Total" urinary BaP metabolites were measured using a published "reverse metabolism" (BaP) method of analysis. Median rates of urinary BaP metabolite elimination for the winter and summer/fall studies were 121 and 129 ng/day, respectively. The changes in inhaled and ingested potential doses were regressed on the change in urinary metabolite elimination from week 1 to week 2 to test the predictive validity of the biomarker measurement. The regression was statistically significant (r = 0.620, p = 0.015, n = 25) when body weight was included and two extreme values were removed. Consistent with the exposure measurements showing diet as the dominant route of exposure, most of the variation in urinary metabolite elimination was explained by the ingested dose. It is concluded that the measurement of urinary BaP by "reverse metabolism" is qualitative and of marginal predictive validity as an exposure biomarker due to the method's low recoveries and the large unexplained variance. JF - International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health AU - Buckley, T J AU - Waldman, J M AU - Dhara, R AU - Greenberg, A AU - Ouyang, Z AU - Lioy, P J AD - Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assessment Lab. U.S. EPA, MD-56, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 257 EP - 266 VL - 67 IS - 4 SN - 0340-0131, 0340-0131 KW - biomarkers KW - benzo(a)pyrene KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - urine KW - man KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15607754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Archives+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+a+urinary+biomarker+for+total+human+environmental+exposure+to+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene&rft.au=Buckley%2C+T+J%3BWaldman%2C+J+M%3BDhara%2C+R%3BGreenberg%2C+A%3BOuyang%2C+Z%3BLioy%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Archives+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=03400131&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - urine; man; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of brine addition on effluent toxicity and marine toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) manipulations AN - 15578765; 3912209 AB - Little information is available concerning the effect of salinity adjustment on effluent storage and toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) performance. These factors are important for accurate assessments of potential toxicity to marine organisms. The objective of this study was to determine (a) the effect of salinity adjustment (to 30 ppt), using hypersaline brine (100 ppt), on the toxicity of effluents stored up to 40 d, and (b) to determine the effect of salinity adjustment on TIE manipulations. Changes in effluent toxicity over time were examined by using a municipal and an industrial effluent. A toxicity time series was performed for 16 d for the industrial effluent and 40 d for the municipal effluent. Toxicity was measured with modified 48-h acute Mysidopsis bahia and Menidia beryllina tests. Results indicate that, compared to day 0 test results, effluent stored with brine had fewer significant changes in toxicity than did effluent stored without brine. To determine the effects of brine addition on TIE manipulations, we conducted a series of manipulations in which one aliquot of an effluent had brine added prior to the TIE manipulations and the other aliquot had brine added after the TIE manipulation. The manipulations conducted were EDTA addition, sodium thiosulfate addition, C sub(18) extraction, aeration, filtration, and graduated pH manipulations. Toxicity was measured with the modified 48-h acute mysid test. Addition of brine had no effect on the outcome of TIE manipulations. We have concluded that it is operationally easier to add brine as soon as possible after sampling and that effluent tests should be conducted as soon as practical. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ho, K T AU - Mitchell, K AU - Zappala, M AU - Burgess, R M AD - U.S. EPA/ERLN, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 245 EP - 249 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Menidia beryllina KW - Mysidopsis bahia KW - brines KW - data acquisition KW - evaluation KW - municipal wastes KW - salinity KW - salinity effects KW - sampling KW - toxicity tests KW - wastewater disposal KW - wastewater pollution KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - marine environment KW - waste disposal KW - wastewater treatment KW - Marine KW - effluents KW - ocean dumping KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15578765?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+brine+addition+on+effluent+toxicity+and+marine+toxicity+identification+evaluation+%28TIE%29+manipulations&rft.au=Ho%2C+K+T%3BMitchell%2C+K%3BZappala%2C+M%3BBurgess%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data acquisition; wastewater treatment; effluents; toxicity tests; salinity; evaluation; ocean dumping; salinity effects; toxicity; sampling; marine environment; brines; waste disposal; municipal wastes; wastewater disposal; wastewater pollution; Menidia beryllina; Mysidopsis bahia; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and evaluation of Bacteroides DNA probes for the specific detection of human faecal pollution AN - 13661125; 199503708 AB - The use of Bacteroides species to distinguish human from non-human sources of faecal pollution was examined. These species dominated the human faecal flora and some possibly lived only in the human intestine. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers specific for 16S rRNA gene sequences of Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides thetaiotamicron and Bacteroides vulgatus were designed. The PCR products were detected using hybridization with species-specific internal probes. Tests were developed to determine species specificity in faeces. The results indicated that the probes could distinguish human from non-human faeces in many cases and merited further study for this application. There are 50 references. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Kreader, CA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1171 EP - 1179 VL - 61 IS - 4 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Hybridized KW - Plants (see also aquatic macrophytes, grps below) KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13661125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Design+and+evaluation+of+Bacteroides+DNA+probes+for+the+specific+detection+of+human+faecal+pollution&rft.au=Kreader%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Kreader&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathological and serum chemistry profiles of brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) from the Black river and Old Woman creek, Ohio AN - 13660585; 199502440 AB - The feasibility of using serum chemistry measurements as predictive indices of neoplasia in tumour-bearing brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) collected from the Black river and the Old Woman creek in Ohio, U.S.A., was studied. All of the serum chemistry measurements were compared with the presence/absence of each pathological abnormality and parasitosis in each individual fish. The means of the serum chemistry measurements from the Black river location indicated liver abnormalities but no serum measurement was predictive of any single neoplasm (cholangioma, cholangiocellular carcinoma, hepatocellular carcinoma), focus of hepatocellular alteration, or the presence of a liver parasite. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Folmar, L C AU - Harshbarger, J AU - Baumann, P C AU - Gardner, G AU - Bonomelli, S AD - U.S. EPA Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 50 EP - 59 VL - 54 IS - 1 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13660585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Pathological+and+serum+chemistry+profiles+of+brown+bullheads+%28Ameiurus+nebulosus%29+from+the+Black+river+and+Old+Woman+creek%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Folmar%2C+L+C%3BHarshbarger%2C+J%3BBaumann%2C+P+C%3BGardner%2C+G%3BBonomelli%2C+S&rft.aulast=Folmar&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preservation of trace metals in water samples AN - 13658831; 199502724 AB - Inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used for a preservation study which looked at: the leaching of metal contamination from container walls during 6-month storage at pH less than 2.0; the effect of the container batch on metal concentrations in samples held for 2 weeks and then acidified; and the effects of the drinking water matrix on metal concentrations in unacidified samples held for 2 weeks. Metal concentrations in nonacidified drinking waters could decrease if held for 2 weeks. Acidification resolubilized metals which had fallen out of solution. Acidification to a pH of less than 2.0 stabilized the metal concentration for 180 d. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Creed, J T AU - Martin, T D AU - Sivaganesan, M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 104 EP - 114 VL - 87 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Stabilization (see also fixation, solidification) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13658831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Preservation+of+trace+metals+in+water+samples&rft.au=Creed%2C+J+T%3BMartin%2C+T+D%3BSivaganesan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Creed&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatile organic compound determinations using surrogate-based correction for method and matrix effects AN - 13658727; 199502739 AB - A study was carried out to identify properties that affected analyte recovery when a sample matrix was vacuum distilled and to identify the basis for selecting surrogate compounds to measure method and matrix effects. The recoveries of analytes (including non-VOC) from a variety of sample matrices provided the data necessary to observe the impact of specific matrix effects. The principal properties related to analyte recovery in a vacuum distillate were boiling point and relative volatility. Surrogates were incorporated into samples and their recoveries to accurately predicted experimental recoveries of other analytes. So called alpha-surrogates were used to identify compounds used to assess relative volatility effects, and so called beta-surrogates to identify compounds used to assess condensation effects. The accuracy of the surrogate-based recovery predictions, as compared with experimental results, typically exceeded 95 per cent for water and soil test samples and could be used to correct analytical results for matrix effects. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Hiatt, M H AU - Farr, C M AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 426 EP - 433 VL - 67 IS - 2 KW - Alpha- (see also without prefix) KW - Analysis KW - Volatile organic compound KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13658727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Volatile+organic+compound+determinations+using+surrogate-based+correction+for+method+and+matrix+effects&rft.au=Hiatt%2C+M+H%3BFarr%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Hiatt&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technologies for treating contaminated land and groundwater AN - 13657467; 199505089 AB - The second phase of the NATO Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society, Pilot Study on the Treatment of Contaminated Land and Groundwater enabled countries to exchange information on innovative treatment technologies for remediating contaminated soil and groundwater. Forty-four projects were accepted into the study, 11 of which are described: air sparging of a petroleum-contaminated aquifer in Australia; technical and economic aspects of in-situ bioremediation in Austria; thermal gas-phase reduction process in Canada; biodegradation of PAH in Denmark; ozone treatment of contaminated groundwater in France; cleaning of mercury-contaminated soil using a combined washing and distillation process in Germany; environmental problems at former U.S.S.R. military bases in Hungary; treatment of creosol-contaminated soil in Norway; combined remediation technique in The Netherlands; in-pulp decontamination of soils, sludges and sediment in the U.K. and groundwater treatment using the perox-pure system in the U.S.A. JF - Chemistry & Industry AU - James, S C AU - Kovalick, W W AU - Bassin, J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 492 EP - 495 IS - 13 KW - Nato KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13657467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemistry+%26+Industry&rft.atitle=Technologies+for+treating+contaminated+land+and+groundwater&rft.au=James%2C+S+C%3BKovalick%2C+W+W%3BBassin%2C+J&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=492&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemistry+%26+Industry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of drinking water following disinfection AN - 13657007; 199502778 AB - Two pilot-scale drinking water plants were used to test a variety of drinking water disinfection methods. The mutagenicity of the treated water was determined by the Ames Salmonella assay. At one plant monochloramine and chlorine were tested, alone or following ozone treatment, so that residual concentrations of monochloramine or chlorine were 0.8-1.5 mg per litre and 0.5-1.0 mg per litre, respectively. At the other chlorine dioxide was used, then reduced by ferrous chloride, before secondary disinfection with chlorine or monochloramine and dual filtration. Mutagenicity was found in all samples, including a low level in untreated controls. Monochloramine produced less mutagenicity than chlorine, and pretreatment with ozone to reduce the dose used caused a reduction for both disinfectants. Predisinfection with chlorine dioxide had little effect on mutagenicity, and the mutagenicity produced at this plant was the result of the secondary disinfectant. There are 32 references. JF - Aqua AU - Patterson, K S AU - Lykins, B W AU - Richardson, S D AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 44 IS - 1 KW - Drinking water disinfection KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13657007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aqua&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+drinking+water+following+disinfection&rft.au=Patterson%2C+K+S%3BLykins%2C+B+W%3BRichardson%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Patterson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aqua&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Taxonomic level sufficient for assessing pollution impacts on the southern Californian bight macrobenthos-revisited AN - 13654681; 199504693 AB - The concept of taxonomic sufficiency, a minimalist approach which identified organisms only to the taxonomic level necessary to meet a study's objectives, was evaluated at 2 polluted stations and a reference site. Results were principally evaluated by t tests. Sufficient taxonomy was determined to detect differences in macrobenthic taxa richness, a dominance index and 3 diversity indices using a wide variety of sampling protocols. The sufficient taxon for the optimal sampling protocol was the phylum unless assessing biological stimulation based on differences in the mean of the logarithms of taxa numbers when it was species. Generic dominance and diversity indices were sufficiently independent of the sample units and sample size. Family-level identification of specimens using the optimal sampling protocol was adequate when assessing macrobenthic community impacts. Confounding effects of sampling variables needed to be taken into account when determining the true cost efficiency of and the underlying reasons for, the sufficiency of higher taxonomy. There are 55 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ferraro, S P AU - Cole, F A AD - U.S. EPA, Newport, Ore. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1031 EP - 1040 VL - 14 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Equipment KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13654681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Taxonomic+level+sufficient+for+assessing+pollution+impacts+on+the+southern+Californian+bight+macrobenthos-revisited&rft.au=Ferraro%2C+S+P%3BCole%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Ferraro&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1031&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of acid-volatile sulphide and interstitial water metal concentrations in determining bioavailability of cadmium and nickel from contaminated sediments to the marine polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata AN - 13653976; 199502454 AB - Polychaetes were exposed for 10 d to untreated, nickel- and cadmium-spiked sediments of different acid-volatile sulphide (AVS) in flowing water tests. Molar ratios of simultaneously extracted metal (SEM)-to-AVS were 0.02-44 for cadmium-spiked, 0.02-241 for nickel-spiked and 0.06-125 for sediments from a location on the Hudson river. Interstitial water toxic units (TU) were defined as the ratio of metal concentration in interstitial water to the LC50 from the water-only test. No significant mortality was observed when both ratios were below 1. All but one of the natural sediments had combined TU below 1 for nickel and cadmium and were non-toxic. Metals accumulated in the bodies of the worms even when no toxicity was observed. The results, which were consistent with low toxicity associated with SEM-to-AVS ratios below 1, also demonstrated that sediments with TU below 1 were non-toxic. There are 41 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Pesch, CE AU - Hansen, D J AU - Boothman, W S AU - Berry, W J AU - Mahony, J D AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 129 EP - 141 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13653976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+role+of+acid-volatile+sulphide+and+interstitial+water+metal+concentrations+in+determining+bioavailability+of+cadmium+and+nickel+from+contaminated+sediments+to+the+marine+polychaete+Neanthes+arenaceodentata&rft.au=Pesch%2C+CE%3BHansen%2C+D+J%3BBoothman%2C+W+S%3BBerry%2C+W+J%3BMahony%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Pesch&rft.aufirst=CE&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of diflubenzuron on the reproductive success of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus AN - 13653605; 199505994 AB - Adult bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) were enclosed within six 5 by 10 m enclosures in the littoral zone of a 2 ha mesotrophic pond. They were subjected to 2 applications of diflubenzuron at 2.5 or 30 ug per litre; the pesticide was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. Spawning, hatching and the growth of young bluegill were monitored. The contents of their digestive tracts were frequently analysed. Invertebrate populations in the ponds were examined. Before application of diflubenzuron, spawning, hatching and larval growth occurred in all enclosures. After application, they took place in only 1 or 2 control and one 30 ug per litre enclosures. The growth of the young-of-year (YOY) was reduced 56-86 and 88-97 per cent in replicate enclosures receiving 2.5 and 30 ug diflubenzuron, respectively. YOY growth was the most sensitive and YOY biomass the least sensitive endpoints of reproductive success. The reduced growth was ascribed to the reduction or elimination of invertebrate prey by the pesticide. There are 35 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Tanner, D K AU - Moffett, M F AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1345 EP - 1355 VL - 14 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13653605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+diflubenzuron+on+the+reproductive+success+of+the+bluegill+sunfish%2C+Lepomis+macrochirus&rft.au=Tanner%2C+D+K%3BMoffett%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Tanner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reversed-phase separation of estuarine interstitial water fractions and the consequences of C18 retention of organic matter AN - 13651529; 199505729 AB - Thirty-seven neutral non-polar (NNP) organic compounds were equilibrated with interstitial seawater of different dissolved organic matter (DOM) concentrations from estuarine sediments. Total NNP compounds were extracted by emulsion-free gentle liquid-liquid extraction with isooctane/hexane. Bound NNP were determined by passing each sample through C18 sorbent and then eluting with acetonitrile to assess the direct recovery of freely dissolved NNP compounds. Analysis was by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The extraction and quantification were insensitive to DOC levels of 1-55 mg per litre. The gross DOC retention of 7 per cent by the C18 matrix was similar to that seen with freshwater. Significant regressions of apparent, DOC-normalized, partition coefficients (Kdoc) vs. compound solubility and octanol/water partition coefficients (Kow) were determined. An inverse relationship between Kdoc and DOC concentrations was found but for many compounds, it was greatly reduced by accounting for the retained bound compound in the calculation of Kdoc. This fraction could be overestimated if the retention of DOM by C18 in the determination of freely dissolved concentrations of high Kow organic compounds was ignored. There are 47 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ozretich, RJ AU - Smith, L M AU - Roberts, F A AD - U.S. EPA, Newport, Ore. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1261 EP - 1272 VL - 14 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Acetonitrile KW - Analysis KW - Hexane KW - Reduction KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13651529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Reversed-phase+separation+of+estuarine+interstitial+water+fractions+and+the+consequences+of+C18+retention+of+organic+matter&rft.au=Ozretich%2C+RJ%3BSmith%2C+L+M%3BRoberts%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Ozretich&rft.aufirst=RJ&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biofiltration performance: part 2, effect of backwashing AN - 13651471; 199602812 AB - Pilot-scale studies on the consequences of backwashing anthracite-sand biological filters with chlorinated and unchlorinated water to control the removal of organic compounds including aldehydes, assimilable organic carbon, biodegradable organic carbon, TOC, trihalomethane formation potential and organic halides are reported. Sampling for biomass disturbance and loss was carried out at the top of the filters immediately after backwashing and samples for chemical parameter analysis were removed at intervals of 1, 4, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. The concentration of the biomass was measured by the phospholipid extraction method. With chlorinated backwash water, the biomass decreased by an average of 22 per cent but recovered to the pre-backwash level after about 40 h. With unchlorinated water, no loss was detected and no loss of control of the organic compounds occurred at any time during the filtration cycle. Short-term (about 12 h) loss of control was experienced in the chlorinated backwash filter for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, methyl glyoxal and assimilable organic carbon but control of TOC and disinfection by-product precursors was not compromised. Ozone disinfection by-product precursors were found in the effluent of the chlorinated filter but this would not be significant in an operational situation, where blending from filters backwashed at different times would smooth the effect. Backwashing with unchlorinated water would be preferable. (see also preceding abstract). JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Miltner, R J AU - Summers, R S AU - Wang, J Z AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 64 EP - 70 VL - 87 IS - 12 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Analysis KW - Methyl glyoxal KW - Trihalomethane formation potential KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13651471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Biofiltration+performance%3A+part+2%2C+effect+of+backwashing&rft.au=Miltner%2C+R+J%3BSummers%2C+R+S%3BWang%2C+J+Z&rft.aulast=Miltner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of joint toxic response to define the primary mode of toxic action for diverse industrial organic chemicals AN - 13650779; 199505970 AB - The use of 96-h acute toxicity tests with juvenile fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and binary chemical mixtures to define the primary acute mode of toxic action for diverse industrial organic chemicals was investigated. The concepts of concentration addition and response addition are described. Isobole diagrams were generated for binary mixtures of 1-octanol, phenol or 2,4-dinitrophenol as the reference toxicants and a second chemical. A chemical with a similar primary mode of toxic action to that of a reference toxicant displayed a concentration-addition type of joint action with the reference toxicant. The results are discussed with reference to nonpolar narcosis (type I narcosis) and polar narcosis (type II narcosis), oxidative phosphorylation uncoupling and quantitative structure-activity relationships. There are 49 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Broderius, S J AU - Kahl, MD AU - Hoglund, MD AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1591 EP - 1605 VL - 14 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Binary KW - Narcosis KW - Quantitative structure-activity relationships KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13650779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+joint+toxic+response+to+define+the+primary+mode+of+toxic+action+for+diverse+industrial+organic+chemicals&rft.au=Broderius%2C+S+J%3BKahl%2C+MD%3BHoglund%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Broderius&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Building a national water quality monitoring programme AN - 13650655; 199601214 AB - Past developments and plans for extending water quality monitoring in the U.S.A. are outlined. Federal ambient water quality programmes are tabulated. The roles of the committees of the Intergovernmental Task Force on Monitoring Water Quality (ITFM) are explained. The ITFM was addressing several monitoring problems which included: deficiencies in federal data; inconsistencies arising from different sampling regimes, analytical techniques and definitions of water quality parameters and difficulties in accessing a variety of databases. A new body, the National Water Quality Monitoring Council, would attempt to remedy shortcomings by concentrating on methods, information systems, groundwater, ambient and compliance monitoring and collaborative activities. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Powell, M AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 458 EP - 463 VL - 29 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13650655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Building+a+national+water+quality+monitoring+programme&rft.au=Powell%2C+M&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=458&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of algae which interfere with the detection of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts and a method for alleviating this interference AN - 13649688; 199600707 AB - The presence of fluorescent organisms similar in size and shape to Giardia and Cryptosporidium organisms increased the likelihood of false-positive results in the American Society for Testing and Materials indirect immunofluorescence assay for Giardia and Cryptosporidium. Of 54 algal species tested for cross-reaction in the assay, 24 showed some degree of fluorescence. Two species, Navicula minima and Synechococcus elongatus, showed a bright apple-green fluorescence. The fluorescence of most non-target organisms tested was blocked by the addition of goat serum to the assay mixture. Goat serum did not interfere with the fluorescence of the target protozoa or the identification of cyst and oocyst internal structures. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Rodgers, M R AU - Flanigan, D J AU - Jakubowski, W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 3759 EP - 3763 VL - 61 IS - 10 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - American society for testing and materials KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13649688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+algae+which+interfere+with+the+detection+of+Giardia+cysts+and+Cryptosporidium+oocysts+and+a+method+for+alleviating+this+interference&rft.au=Rodgers%2C+M+R%3BFlanigan%2C+D+J%3BJakubowski%2C+W&rft.aulast=Rodgers&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3759&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National ground water quality strategy update AN - 13648186; 199600576 AB - The groundwater aspects of a recent report of the U.S. Intergovernmental Task Force on Monitoring Water Quality (ITFM) are discussed. Its recommendations cover water quality indicators; monitoring strategy; organizational co-operation; consistency, dissemination and use of data and improvements to monitoring techniques. The creation of a National Ground Water Quality Monitoring Council and a proposed work plan for it are outlined. The views of the National Ground Water Association, as presented to ITFM, are set out. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Job, C AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 84 EP - 85 VL - 15 IS - 3 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13648186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=National+ground+water+quality+strategy+update&rft.au=Job%2C+C&rft.aulast=Job&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - (3H)-2,3,7,8-TCDD uptake and elimination kinetics of medaka (Oryzias latipes) AN - 13647627; 199601000 AB - Oryzias latipes exposed to (3H)-2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) showed a rapid accumulation achieving residues 24,000 times the water concentration after 12 d with no indication of a steady-state. After 6 months in uncontaminated water, the pg TCDD per g decreased by 69 per cent principally due to growth dilution. Uptake and elimination rate constants of 2300 ml per g.d and 0.0045 per d, respectively, were estimated by fitting a 1-compartment linear, mass-balance model to the data, adjusting for growth rate. A steady-state bioconcentration factor of 510,000 was predicted during a 6 month elimination phase which is considerably higher than previously reported for dioxins. Kinetic parameters were used to successfully predict TCDD BCF in O. latipes exposed independently. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Schmieder, P AU - Lothenbach, D AU - Tietge, J AU - Erickson, R AU - Johnson, R AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1735 EP - 1743 VL - 14 IS - 10 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13647627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=%283H%29-2%2C3%2C7%2C8-TCDD+uptake+and+elimination+kinetics+of+medaka+%28Oryzias+latipes%29&rft.au=Schmieder%2C+P%3BLothenbach%2C+D%3BTietge%2C+J%3BErickson%2C+R%3BJohnson%2C+R&rft.aulast=Schmieder&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1735&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling disinfectant residuals in drinking-water storage tanks AN - 13647232; 199600683 AB - Factors implicated in the loss of disinfectant residuals in drinking water storage tanks were modelled by equations relating the residual to disinfectant reaction rate, tank volume and fill and drain rates. A solution for minimal disinfectant residual under constant inflow and outflow conditions showed that loss was significant when the product of the disinfectant decay constant and the empty tank refill time was greater than 0.1. The fraction of total volume applied to emergency storage had little effect on disinfectant residuals. A second numerical solution accounted for observations that system demand patterns, pump capacity and pump scheduling placed a constraint on tank fill and drain rates. Periodic or pulsed pumping maintained much higher residuals than constant pumping but such strategies required greater storage volume and pump capacity. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Rossman, LA AU - Uber, J G AU - Grayman, WM AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 752 EP - 755 VL - 121 IS - 10 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13647232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Modelling+disinfectant+residuals+in+drinking-water+storage+tanks&rft.au=Rossman%2C+LA%3BUber%2C+J+G%3BGrayman%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Rossman&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=752&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reducing fluoride by managed POU treatment AN - 13647221; 199602259 AB - A point-of-use reverse osmosis (RO) system was demonstrated for reducing concentrations of 5.0-6.1 mg fluoride per litre at 38 households and 1 small business connected to a small water supply. Only the water used for drinking, cooking and ice making was treated. Each unit consisted of a sediment pre-filter, a cellulose triacetate RO membrane, a storage tank and an activated carbon post-filter. The units were evaluated by fluoride analyses and other standard drinking water measurements. Concentrations were maintained below 2 mg fluoride per litre over 3 years. Close liaison was necessary with all householders whose views on the changes in water quality through the introduction of RO were canvassed. Consumer reactions were favourable. Point-of-use treatment as a means of complying with drinking water standards was not currently accepted by the U.S. EPA. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Lykins, B W AU - Astle, R AU - Schlafer, J L AU - Shanaghan, P E AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 57 EP - 65 VL - 87 IS - 11 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Analysis KW - Equipment KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13647221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Reducing+fluoride+by+managed+POU+treatment&rft.au=Lykins%2C+B+W%3BAstle%2C+R%3BSchlafer%2C+J+L%3BShanaghan%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of embryonic and larval inland silversides, Menidia beryllina, to No.2 fuel oil and oil dispersants in seawater AN - 13645785; 199601465 AB - The effects of the water-soluble fraction of No.2 fuel oil and the oil dispersants Corexit 7664 and 9527, separately and in combination, on embryos of inland silversides (Menidia beryllina) were studied. Embryos were exposed in the early blastula stage and an ordinal ranking system was used to score observed daily craniofacial, cardiovascular and skeletal responses to 1, 10 and 100 per cent concentrations of the water-soluble fuel oil fraction and the No.2 fuel oil and their recommended dispersants. The addition of dispersants increased the water-soluble fraction of hydrocarbons in seawater and resulted in increased adverse effects. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Whiting, D D AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 535 EP - 539 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13645785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Responses+of+embryonic+and+larval+inland+silversides%2C+Menidia+beryllina%2C+to+No.2+fuel+oil+and+oil+dispersants+in+seawater&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BWhiting%2C+D+D&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of cadmium on growth and bioaccumulation in the Northwestern salamander Ambystoma gracile AN - 13645429; 199601453 AB - The effect of cadmium in water on the survival, bioaccumulation and growth of larvae and juveniles of the Northwestern salamander (Ambystoma gracile) were studied. A 96 h LC50 value of 468.4 ug cadmium per litre was found for 3 month old larvae. In 10- and 24-d exposures, significant adverse effects on larval growth were observed at 227.3 and 193.1 ug cadmium per litre, respectively. In the same tests, no adverse effects were observed at 106.3 and 48.9 ug cadmium per litre, respectively. Tissue cadmium bioconcentration values up to 63 times the concentration of cadmium in water were observed in water/larval tests. No bioaccumulation occurred in larval and juvenile feeding tests. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Ott, S L AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 492 EP - 499 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13645429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+cadmium+on+growth+and+bioaccumulation+in+the+Northwestern+salamander+Ambystoma+gracile&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BSchuytema%2C+G+S%3BOtt%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=492&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vacuum distillation coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for the analysis of environmental samples AN - 13645227; 199601766 AB - A system coupling vacuum distillation with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyse environmental samples containing volatile organic compounds. A procedure was developed to compensate for matrix effects. A single sample analysis provided both analytical results and confidence intervals. Relative volatility values were determined for 114 organic compounds. These were comparable with gas-water partition coefficients. The compounds had boiling points up to 245C and partition coefficients below 15,000. The accuracy of determination was within 5 per cent for water, soil and oil matrices. Detection limits were below 1 ppb. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Hiatt, M H AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 4044 EP - 4052 VL - 67 IS - 22 KW - Analysis KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13645227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Vacuum+distillation+coupled+with+gas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry+for+the+analysis+of+environmental+samples&rft.au=Hiatt%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Hiatt&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=4044&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modification and assessment of an index of biotic integrity to quantify water resource quality in great rivers AN - 13644946; 199602616 AB - The index of biotic integrity was adapted to great rivers (defined as catchments greater than 3226 km2) and calibrated. Fish fauna were sampled by electrofishing at 60 sites in 15 impoundments of the Ohio, Monongahela and Allegheny rivers at riverine transitional and lacustrine sites during July and September between 1990 and 1993. Original and adapted biotic integrity and their definitions are compared or tabulated. Great river species indicative of large river faunal groups are tabulated for the Allegheny plateau. Species tolerant to wide perturbation for the upper Ohio river are tabulated. There was no significant correlation between ecoregions or different reservoirs. Index of biotic integrity was sensitive to land use and industrial and municipal loadings. Species richness, percentage faunal groups, proportions of round-bodied sucker species, numbers of centrarchid species, numbers of sensitive taxa and proportions of simple lithophilus spawning species showed greatest change between riverine and lacustrine sites. The percentage large river faunal group metric was not significantly different between the 3 habitats but did reflect significant differences when evaluated with habitat information. Numbers of centrarchid species were higher in lacustrine sites and the round-bodied sucker species in transitional sites. Inherent variation of proportional metrics was significantly reduced by removal of gizzard shad and would enhance assessment sensitivity by the modified Index of biotic integrity. There are 40 references. JF - Regulated Rivers: Research & Management AU - Simon, T P AU - Emery, E B AD - U.S. EPA, Chicago, Ill. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 283 EP - 298 VL - 11 IS - 3/4 SN - 0886-9375, 0886-9375 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulated+Rivers%3A+Research+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Modification+and+assessment+of+an+index+of+biotic+integrity+to+quantify+water+resource+quality+in+great+rivers&rft.au=Simon%2C+T+P%3BEmery%2C+E+B&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulated+Rivers%3A+Research+%26+Management&rft.issn=08869375&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microscale flow injection and microbore high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry via a high-efficiency nebulizer AN - 13644698; 199602770 AB - The use of a high-efficiency nebulizer was investigated for discrete microsample introduction into an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) via microscale flow injection flow injection and microbore high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The FI system was configured to minimize band broadening between the injection valve and the nebulizer and it was evaluated for flow rates between 20 and 120 ul per minute. The utility of the nebulizer was demonstrated for the determination of arsenic and lead in various certified reference materials (water and bone ash) by flow injection-ICP-MS, the measurement of lead isotope ratios by flow injection-ICP-MS and the speciation of arsenic compounds via HPLC-ICP-MS. The absolute detection limits (femtogram range) for various arsenic compounds were better than those obtained previously by using conventional column HPLC-ICP-MS. Other advantages included the use of small sample volumes (less than 1 ul), the resulting minimization of sample matrix introduction into the plasma and reduced waste generation compared with conventional ICP-MS sampling systems. There are 31 references. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Pergantis, SA AU - Heithmar, E M AU - Hinners, T A AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 4530 EP - 4535 VL - 67 IS - 24 KW - Columns KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Microscale+flow+injection+and+microbore+high-performance+liquid+chromatography+coupled+with+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometry+via+a+high-efficiency+nebulizer&rft.au=Pergantis%2C+SA%3BHeithmar%2C+E+M%3BHinners%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Pergantis&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=4530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Package plants for small systems: a field study AN - 13644661; 199602233 AB - A U.S. EPA and American Water Works Association joint study examined 48 small package water treatment plants representing a geographical and technological cross-section. The systems were evaluated from historical water quality data, financial records and analyses of raw and finished waters. Standardized levels of operator certification, knowledge and use of technical assistance and competent management were frequently lacking. Most systems met current criteria, although a few did not comply with turbidity and inorganic contaminant criteria. Several systems would have difficulty complying with the more demanding requirements of the Disinfectant/Disinfection By-Products Rule and the Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Campbell, S AU - Lykins, B W AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Post, D AU - Lay, T AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 39 EP - 47 VL - 87 IS - 11 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - American water works association KW - Analysis KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Package+plants+for+small+systems%3A+a+field+study&rft.au=Campbell%2C+S%3BLykins%2C+B+W%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BPost%2C+D%3BLay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution and persistence of diflubenzuron within littoral enclosure mesocosms AN - 13644523; 199604290 AB - Littoral enclosures were used as model ecosystems in studies intended to simulate the distribution, persistence and mass balance of the insecticide diflubenzuron in natural ecosystems. The residue half-life in the water column ranged from 3.3 to 8.2 d with a mean of 4.3 d. A 95 per cent dissipation required 14-35 d. In macrophytes, the corresponding values were 2.0 to 5.7 d, with 8.6 to 24.6 d for 95 per cent dissipation, while in sediment they were 6.2 to 10.4 d, with 26.9 to 45.0 d for 95 per cent dissipation. The water was the major compartment for residues, with amounts ranging from 82.3 per cent of that applied after 3 hours to 11.6 per cent after 7 d. JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Knuth, M L AU - Heinis, L J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1087 EP - 1097 VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Mesocosm KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Distribution+and+persistence+of+diflubenzuron+within+littoral+enclosure+mesocosms&rft.au=Knuth%2C+M+L%3BHeinis%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Knuth&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of light intensity on the phototoxicity of fluoranthene to a benthic macroinvertebrate AN - 13643064; 199601999 AB - The benthic macroinvertebrate Lumbriculus variegatus was exposed to several aqueous concentrations of fluoranthene, a phototoxic PAH, then to UV light at 3 different intensities. Fluoranthene was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. Data were represented by an expression in which exposure concentration, light intensity and time to death were inversely related. Phototoxicity was clearly a function of PAH dose and light intensity. Time-dependent mortality could be accurately predicted through evaluation of the product of fluoranthene dose in the animal tissue and light intensity. Criteria for phototoxic chemicals should consider both xenobiotic exposure and light intensity in specific aquatic environments. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Ankley, G T AU - Ericson, R J AU - Phipps, G L AU - Mattson, V R AU - Kosian, P A AU - Sheedy, B R AU - Cox, J S AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2828 EP - 2833 VL - 29 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Fluoranthene KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13643064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+light+intensity+on+the+phototoxicity+of+fluoranthene+to+a+benthic+macroinvertebrate&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BEricson%2C+R+J%3BPhipps%2C+G+L%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BSheedy%2C+B+R%3BCox%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2828&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sludge production in rotating biological contactors with supplemental aeration and an extended first stage AN - 13641631; 199604435 AB - A full-scale rotating biological contactor (RBC) treatment plant having 2 parallel trains with 4 stages in each train, was used to examine the overall process efficiency at various organic loading conditions. The wastewater treated in the RBC was a mixture of domestic and dairy industry waste, although the organic loading due to the latter was insignificant relative to that of the former. The variables examined included: soluble COD (SCOD), soluble BOD5 (SBOD5), ammonia-nitrogen removal rates and the overall and individual stage sludge production rates. The overall performance of the RBC receiving supplemental aeration was significantly better relative to SCOD, SBOD5 and ammonia-nitrogen removal rates than was the case for RBC. In addition, the overall sludge production was the same with and without supplemental aeration at high and low organic loading rates when each RBC stage was the same size. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Baumann, E R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Kansas City Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 297 EP - 304 VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13641631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Sludge+production+in+rotating+biological+contactors+with+supplemental+aeration+and+an+extended+first+stage&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BBaumann%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors affecting the photochemical production of carbonyl sulfide in seawater AN - 50159174; 1995-029818 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Zepp, Richard G AU - Andreae, Meinrat O Y1 - 1994/12/15/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Dec 15 SP - 2813 EP - 2816 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 21 IS - 25 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - sea water KW - dimethylsulfoniumpropionate KW - Europe KW - carbonyl sulfide KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - chemical reactions KW - Central Europe KW - Rhineland-Palatinate Germany KW - shelf environment KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - spectra KW - synthetic materials KW - organic sulfur KW - Baltic Sea KW - organic materials KW - photochemistry KW - solutes KW - Mainz Germany KW - organic compounds KW - marine environment KW - sulfur KW - coastal environment KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Germany KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50159174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Factors+affecting+the+photochemical+production+of+carbonyl+sulfide+in+seawater&rft.au=Zepp%2C+Richard+G%3BAndreae%2C+Meinrat+O&rft.aulast=Zepp&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1994-12-15&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=25&rft.spage=2813&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F94GL03083 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; Baltic Sea; carbonyl sulfide; Central Europe; chemical reactions; coastal environment; dimethylsulfoniumpropionate; Europe; Germany; Gulf of Mexico; Mainz Germany; marine environment; North Atlantic; North Sea; organic compounds; organic materials; organic sulfur; photochemistry; Rhineland-Palatinate Germany; sea water; shelf environment; solutes; spectra; sulfur; synthetic materials; ultraviolet spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94GL03083 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The performance of short-term tests in identifying potential germ cell mutagens: a qualitative and quantitative analysis. AN - 76881858; 7527489 AB - A retrospective analysis was undertaken to assess the performance of selected short-term tests in the discrimination of mammalian germ cell mutagens and nonmutagens using data derived from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/International Agency for Research on Cancer Genetic Activity Profile (EPA/IARC GAP) and EPA GENE-TOX databases. The short-term tests selected were gene mutation in Salmonella (S. typhimurium), cultured mammalian cell gene mutation and chromosomal aberrations, and mammalian bone marrow cytogenetics (micronucleus and chromosomal aberrations). These are the first level tests used in the EPA mutagenicity testing guidelines. The results of this analysis showed good sensitivity of short-term in vitro tests for mammalian cell gene mutation (96%) or chromosomal aberrations (92%) in identifying germ cell mutagens, while the sensitivity of tests for gene mutation in S. typhimurium was lower (79%). Bone marrow micronucleus or chromosomal aberration assays in vivo each displayed a sensitivity of 96%. Thus, both the in vitro and in vivo tests may be used effectively to screen chemicals for potential germ cell mutagenicity. In contrast, the in vitro tests mentioned above performed poorly in discriminating putative germ cell nonmutagens, giving results for specificity at or below what is expected due to chance alone (50-11%). The bone marrow assays were more efficient in this regard, the micronucleus test yielding a specificity of 63% and the chromosomal aberrations assay 64%. The mouse bone marrow micronucleus test also performed well on a quantitative basis, responding at or below the lowest effective doses tested in the mouse dominant lethal assay. Regression analysis of the mean lowest effective doses of chemicals evaluated in vivo showed approximately 1:1 linear correlations for mouse germ cell assays (heritable translocation vs dominant lethal or specific locus tests) as well as for mouse bone marrow assays (micronucleus vs chromosomal aberration). The results suggest the value of the bone marrow micronucleus test as an assay for potential germ cell mutagenicity and the dominant lethal test as a relatively inexpensive choice for confirmation of germ cell damage. The sensitivity of the in vitro assays investigated and the discriminatory capability of the in vivo bone marrow assay affirmed the utility of these tests within the framework of the EPA mutagenicity testing guidelines. JF - Mutation research AU - Waters, M D AU - Stack, H F AU - Jackson, M A AU - Bridges, B A AU - Adler, I D AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory (MD-51A), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/12// PY - 1994 DA - December 1994 SP - 109 EP - 131 VL - 341 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Retrospective Studies KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mice KW - Bone Marrow -- ultrastructure KW - Mutation KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Germ Cells -- ultrastructure KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76881858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.atitle=Effects+of+short-term+exposure+to+ethanol+on+mouse+embryos+in+vitro&rft.au=Hunter%2C+ES+III%3BTugman%2C+JA%3BSulik%2C+K+K%3BSadler%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=ES&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.issn=08872333&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-12 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Planning and implementation of a comprehensive ecological risk assessment at the Milltown Reservoir-Clark Fork River Superfund Site, Montana AN - 51324707; 1996-058221 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Pascoe, Gary A AU - DalSoglio, Julie A Y1 - 1994/12// PY - 1994 DA - December 1994 SP - 1943 EP - 1956 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 13 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - zinc KW - acid mine drainage KW - Missoula County Montana KW - copper KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - Clark Fork KW - Montana KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - sediments KW - Clark Fork River Superfund Site KW - risk assessment KW - tailings KW - Clark Fork basin KW - Milltown Reservoir KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51324707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Planning+and+implementation+of+a+comprehensive+ecological+risk+assessment+at+the+Milltown+Reservoir-Clark+Fork+River+Superfund+Site%2C+Montana&rft.au=Pascoe%2C+Gary+A%3BDalSoglio%2C+Julie+A&rft.aulast=Pascoe&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes an appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Clark Fork; Clark Fork basin; Clark Fork River Superfund Site; copper; heavy metals; hydrology; metals; Milltown Reservoir; Missoula County Montana; Montana; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; sediments; site exploration; soils; Superfund; tailings; United States; watersheds; wetlands; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological assessment for the wetlands at Milltown Reservoir, Missoula, Montana; characterization of emergent and upland habitats AN - 51322494; 1996-058222 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Linder, Greg AU - Hazelwood, Robert AU - Palawski, Don AU - Bollman, Michael AU - Wilborn, David AU - Malloy, John AU - DuBois, Kristi AU - Ott, Suean AU - Pascoe, Gary AU - DalSoglio, Julie Y1 - 1994/12// PY - 1994 DA - December 1994 SP - 1957 EP - 1970 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 13 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - United States KW - soils KW - reservoirs KW - Missoula County Montana KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - Clark Fork KW - indicators KW - Montana KW - detection KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - Milltown Reservoir Superfund Site KW - chemical composition KW - Clark Fork basin KW - Milltown Reservoir KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51322494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Ecological+assessment+for+the+wetlands+at+Milltown+Reservoir%2C+Missoula%2C+Montana%3B+characterization+of+emergent+and+upland+habitats&rft.au=Linder%2C+Greg%3BHazelwood%2C+Robert%3BPalawski%2C+Don%3BBollman%2C+Michael%3BWilborn%2C+David%3BMalloy%2C+John%3BDuBois%2C+Kristi%3BOtt%2C+Suean%3BPascoe%2C+Gary%3BDalSoglio%2C+Julie&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1957&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; chemical composition; Clark Fork; Clark Fork basin; detection; ecology; heavy metals; indicators; metals; Milltown Reservoir; Milltown Reservoir Superfund Site; Missoula County Montana; Montana; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; reservoirs; risk assessment; site exploration; soils; Superfund; United States; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A kinetic model for cell density dependent bacteria transport in porous media AN - 50153387; 2007-063701 AB - A kinetic transport model with the ability to account for variations in cell density of the aqueous and solid phases was developed for bacteria in porous media. Sorption kinetics in the advective-dispersive-sorptive equation was described by assuming that adsorption was proportional to the aqueous cell density and the number of available sites on the solid phase, whereas desorption was proportional to the density of sorbed cells. A numerical solution to the model was tested against laboratory column data, and the performance was compared with that of a two-site model. The kinetic model described the column data as well as the two-site model did, but the highest efficiencies of both models were associated with experiments with the smallest sorption. Furthermore, the kinetic model accounted for cell density dependent sorption, as demonstrated by fair predictions of bacterial transport at one cell density when using parameters obtained at another cell density. Copyright 1994 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Lindqvist, Roland AU - Cho, Jong Soo AU - Enfield, Carl G Y1 - 1994/12// PY - 1994 DA - December 1994 SP - 3291 EP - 3299 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - experimental studies KW - one-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - analog simulation KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - adsorption KW - advection KW - physical models KW - observations KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - breakthrough curves KW - water pollution KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50153387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+kinetic+model+for+cell+density+dependent+bacteria+transport+in+porous+media&rft.au=Lindqvist%2C+Roland%3BCho%2C+Jong+Soo%3BEnfield%2C+Carl+G&rft.aulast=Lindqvist&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F94WR01725 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; advection; analog simulation; bacteria; breakthrough curves; experimental studies; ground water; laboratory studies; mathematical models; microorganisms; numerical analysis; observations; one-dimensional models; physical models; pollution; porous materials; prediction; transport; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94WR01725 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and validation of an air-to-beef food chain model for dioxin-like compounds. AN - 76901495; 7801108 AB - A model for predicting concentrations of dioxin-like compounds in beef is developed and tested. The key premise of the model is that concentrations of these compounds in air are the source term, or starting point, for estimating beef concentrations. Vapor-phase concentrations transfer to vegetations that cattle consume, and particle-bound concentrations deposit onto soils and these vegetations as well. Congener-specific bioconcentration parameters, coupled with assumptions on cattle diet, transform soil and vegetative concentrations into beef fat concentrations. The premise of the validation exercise is that a profile of typical air concentrations of dioxin-like compounds in a United States rural environment is an appropriate observed independent data set, and that a representative profile of United States beef concentrations of dioxin-like compounds is an appropriate observed dependent result. These data were developed for the validation exercise. An observed concentration of dioxin toxic equivalents in whole beef of 0.48 ng/kg is compared with a predicted 0.36 ng/kg. Principal uncertainties in the approach are identified and discussed. A major finding of this exercise was that vapor phase transfers of dioxin-like compounds to vegetations that cattle consume dominate the estimation of final beef concentrations: over 80% of the modeled beef concentration was attributed to such transfers. JF - The Science of the total environment AU - Lorber, M AU - Cleverly, D AU - Schaum, J AU - Phillips, L AU - Schweer, G AU - Leighton, T AD - Exposure Assessment Group, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/11/11/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Nov 11 SP - 39 EP - 65 VL - 156 IS - 1 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Dioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Dioxins -- analysis KW - Meat -- analysis KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76901495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.atitle=Development+and+validation+of+an+air-to-beef+food+chain+model+for+dioxin-like+compounds.&rft.au=Lorber%2C+M%3BCleverly%2C+D%3BSchaum%2C+J%3BPhillips%2C+L%3BSchweer%2C+G%3BLeighton%2C+T&rft.aulast=Lorber&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-11-11&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-25 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The ototoxicity of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile: functional and morphological evidence of cochlear damage. AN - 85158689; pmid-7896571 AB - Previous reports have suggested that IDPN may be ototoxic (Wolff et al., 1977; Crofton and Knight, 1991). The purpose of this research was to investigate the ototoxicity of IDPN using behavioral, physiological and morphological approaches. Three groups of adult rats were exposed to IDPN (0-400 mg/kg/day) for three consecutive days. In the first group, at 9-10 weeks post-exposure, thresholds for hearing of 5.3- and 38-kHz filtered clicks were measured electrophysiologically and brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs) were also recorded to a suprathreshold broadband click stimulus. A second set of animals was tested at 9 weeks for behavioral hearing thresholds (0.5- to 40-kHz tones) and at 11-12 weeks post-exposure for BAER thresholds (5- to 80-kHz filtered clicks). A third group of animals was exposed (as above), and killed at 12-14 weeks post-exposure for histological assessment. Kanamycin sulfate was used as a positive control for high-frequency selective hearing loss. Surface preparations of the organ of Corti were prepared in order to assess hair cells, and mid-modiolar sections of the cochlea were used to examine Rosenthal's canal and the stria vascularis. Functional data demonstrate a broad-spectrum hearing loss ranging from 0.5 kHz (30 dB deficit) to 80 kHz (40 dB deficit), as compared to a hearing deficit in kanamycin-exposed animals that was only apparent at frequencies greater than 5 kHz. Surface preparations revealed IDPN-induced hair cell loss in all turns of the organ of Corti, with a basal-to-apical gradient (more damage in the basal turns) at the lower dosages. At higher dosages there was complete destruction of the organ of Corti. There was also a dosage-related loss of spiral ganglion cells in all turns of the cochlea, again with a basal-to-apical gradient at the lower dosages. These data demonstrate that IDPN exposure in the rat results in extensive hearing loss and loss of neural structures in the cochlea. JF - Hearing Research AU - Crofton, K M AU - Janssen, R AU - Prazma, J AU - Pulver, S AU - Barone, S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. PY - 1994 SP - 129 EP - 140 VL - 80 IS - 2 SN - 0378-5955, 0378-5955 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85158689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hearing+Research&rft.atitle=The+ototoxicity+of+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile%3A+functional+and+morphological+evidence+of+cochlear+damage.&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BJanssen%2C+R%3BPrazma%2C+J%3BPulver%2C+S%3BBarone%2C+S&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hearing+Research&rft.issn=03785955&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cell death and cell cycle perturbation in the developmental toxicity of the demethylating agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. AN - 77804214; 7536356 AB - DNA methylation is a probable mechanism for regulating gene expression, and alterations in methylation may significantly affect embryonic development. We administered the cytidine analogue 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (dAZA), a specific and potent demethylator of DNA, to pregnant mice to determine its teratogenicity and effects on embryonic cell death and cell cycle. Groups of females were dosed intraperitoneally on gestation day 10 with doses of 0.05-3 mg/kg dAZA and killed at 4, 8, or 28 hr later. Two embryos per litter were immediately stained with Nile blue sulfate (NBS) to identify areas of cell death; the remaining embryos were frozen and stored for subsequent flow cytometric (FCM) analysis of the cellular DNA synthetic cycle in limb buds. A dose-related accumulation of cells in the S and G2/M phases was observed at 4 and 8 hr after maternal dosing. S-phase accumulation was the most sensitive indicator of effect; a dose-related increase in the percentage of hindlimb bud cells in S-phase was evident at all dosages 4 hr after maternal dosing. By 28 hr postdosing, a normal cell cycle phase distribution was observed at doses of or = 0.1 mg/kg. Observation of litters from additional dams killed at term revealed that at dosages of > or = 0.3 mg/kg, cleft palate and hindlimb defects were significantly elevated. In addition, above 0.3 mg/kg, fetal weight was significantly decreased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Teratology AU - Rogers, J M AU - Francis, B M AU - Sulik, K K AU - Alles, A J AU - Massaro, E J AU - Zucker, R M AU - Elstein, K H AU - Rosen, M B AU - Chernoff, N AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 332 EP - 339 VL - 50 IS - 5 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - decitabine KW - 776B62CQ27 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Azacitidine KW - M801H13NRU KW - Index Medicus KW - Limb Deformities, Congenital KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cell Death KW - Mice KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Female KW - Cell Cycle -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - Azacitidine -- toxicity KW - Azacitidine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Teratogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77804214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Cell+death+and+cell+cycle+perturbation+in+the+developmental+toxicity+of+the+demethylating+agent%2C+5-aza-2%27-deoxycytidine.&rft.au=Rogers%2C+J+M%3BFrancis%2C+B+M%3BSulik%2C+K+K%3BAlles%2C+A+J%3BMassaro%2C+E+J%3BZucker%2C+R+M%3BElstein%2C+K+H%3BRosen%2C+M+B%3BChernoff%2C+N&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=332&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmacokinetics, chemical interactions, and toxicological risk assessment in perspective. AN - 77791714; 7698075 AB - Chemical mixtures and multiple routes of exposure are frequently difficult problems for exposure and risk assessors. Chemicals can interact synergistically or antagonistically at a variety of physiologic and biochemical loci within target cells. Many of these interactions can be accounted for with a thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetics of the compounds in the mixture. Many pharmacokinetic processes such as metabolism and absorption can be impacted by the presence of other chemicals in the environment and diet and as a result of medication. In addition, variations between responses as a result of different exposure scenarios (route of exposure, frequency, magnitude) can sometimes result from the impacts upon the pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetic models, when properly formulated and tested, can be useful tools to describe and predict the magnitude of the impact of multichemical and multiroute exposures. Several examples will be used to demonstrate this potentially powerful tool and how it can impact the risk assessment process. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Blancato, J N AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nevada 89193. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 133 EP - 137 VL - 102 Suppl 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hexanones KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - 2,5-hexanedione KW - C0Z8884J3P KW - Index Medicus KW - Chloroform -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Chloroform -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hexanones -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hexanones -- metabolism KW - Risk Assessment KW - Air Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Air Pollutants -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77791714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Pharmacokinetics%2C+chemical+interactions%2C+and+toxicological+risk+assessment+in+perspective.&rft.au=Blancato%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Blancato&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-04 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cell Biol Toxicol. 1989 Dec;5(4):417-44 [2627677] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of carcinogenic hazard of chemical mixtures through analysis of binary chemical interaction data. AN - 77780071; 7698072 AB - Assessment of the potential health hazard of environmental complex chemical mixtures is one of the most difficult and challenging problems in toxicology. In this article, we describe the development of an innovative computerized system for ranking and predicting potential cancer hazard of chemical mixtures. We take into consideration both the additive risk of individual carcinogens present and the projected overall interaction effect of the mixture based on analyzing and integrating the possible interaction effects of all binary pairs of individual constituents of the mixture. Using this system, it can be predicted that a number of mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons should have a carcinogenic risk lower than that calculated by the simple additivity model, whereas the reverse is true for a number of other mixtures. The system can be very useful in hazard ranking and priority setting in dealing with mixture problems such as cleanup of hazardous waste. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Woo, Y T AU - Di Carlo, F J AU - Arcos, J C AU - Argus, M F AU - Polansky, G AU - DuBose, J AD - Health and Environmental Review Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 113 EP - 118 VL - 102 Suppl 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Interactions KW - Risk Assessment KW - Software KW - Information Systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77780071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+carcinogenic+hazard+of+chemical+mixtures+through+analysis+of+binary+chemical+interaction+data.&rft.au=Woo%2C+Y+T%3BDi+Carlo%2C+F+J%3BArcos%2C+J+C%3BArgus%2C+M+F%3BPolansky%2C+G%3BDuBose%2C+J&rft.aulast=Woo&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-04 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Carcinogenesis. 1983;4(4):393-7 [6301703] Drug Metab Rev. 1986;17(1-2):171-84 [3536380] Eur J Pharmacol. 1990 May 3;180(1):153-9 [2142091] Carcinogenesis. 1989 Jan;10(1):131-7 [2491965] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1989 Feb;12(2):303-12 [2714530] Tumour Biol. 1988;9(4):165-9 [3420372] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms of the stimulation of rat uterine peroxidase activity by methoxychlor. AN - 77773059; 7881199 AB - Methoxychlor (MXC) has adverse effects on fertility and rat uteri via its active metabolite HPTE (2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane). Uterine peroxidase, a marker of estrogen action, was used to probe potential mechanisms of MXC's adverse effects. Specifically, our objective was to compare the regulation of the effects of estrogen and MXC on uterine peroxidase. Immature female rats were treated with MXC (250 mg/kg; gavage) 24 h prior to the measurement of uterine peroxidase activity, with or without concurrent treatment with actinomycin D, cycloheximide, progesterone, or tamoxifen. MXC alone produced an increase in peroxidase activity. The prior and/or concurrent treatment with the compounds listed blocked the MXC-induced stimulation of peroxidase. These data show similarities between the mechanisms of estrogen MXC action. Both estrogen and MXC act to stimulate uterine peroxidase activity via increased RNA and protein synthesis and this stimulation can be blocked by progesterone and tamoxifen. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Cummings, A M AU - Metcalf, J L AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch, DTD, HERL, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 477 EP - 486 VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Tamoxifen KW - 094ZI81Y45 KW - Dactinomycin KW - 1CC1JFE158 KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Cycloheximide KW - 98600C0908 KW - Peroxidase KW - EC 1.11.1.7 KW - Methoxychlor KW - RIA79UD69L KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Tamoxifen -- pharmacology KW - Dactinomycin -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Progesterone -- physiology KW - Cycloheximide -- pharmacology KW - Estradiol -- physiology KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Methoxychlor -- metabolism KW - Peroxidase -- metabolism KW - Uterus -- enzymology KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Methoxychlor -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77773059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+of+the+stimulation+of+rat+uterine+peroxidase+activity+by+methoxychlor.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BMetcalf%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-12 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile on acquisition and performance of spatial tasks in rats. AN - 77743443; 7862057 AB - 3,3'-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) has been reported to disrupt learning and memory in rats (24). The present work addressed the effects of IDPN on tasks requiring the use of spatial information. Separate groups of male rats were dosed with IDPN (IP, in 1 ml/kg saline) for 3 consecutive days and tested in the following procedures: (a) step-through passive avoidance conditioning (0, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg/day); (b) Morris water maze (MWM) acquisition and retention (0, 125, 150, 175, and 200 mg/kg/day); (c) radial arm maze (RAM) acquisition (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day); (d) RAM steady-state performance (0, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day); (e) repeated acquisition in the RAM (0, and 200 mg/kg/day). The vestibular toxicity of IDPN resulted in alterations in spontaneous behavior or swimming deficits in 5 of 8 rats treated with 175 mg/kg/day and in all the animals dosed with 200 or 400 mg/kg/day. IDPN increased step-through PA latencies at 200 mg/kg/day but not at lower doses. In the MWM, no performance deficits were observed at the dose levels preserving the swimming ability of the animals. In both the acquisition and the steady-state RAM tasks, IDPN (400 mg/kg/day) induced an increase in both choice errors and perseverative errors. In the RAM repeated acquisition paradigm, IDPN (200 mg/kg/day) induced performance deficits that included a decreased rate of within-session reduction in errors. The present data show that IDPN disrupts performance of tasks requiring spatial learning and memory and indicate that these deficits can be in part caused by an acquisition deficit. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Llorens, J AU - Crofton, K M AU - Peele, D B AD - Neurotoxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 583 EP - 591 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Nitriles KW - 0 KW - 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - 3XP1CVU865 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Memory -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Avoidance Learning -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Maze Learning -- drug effects KW - Spatial Behavior -- drug effects KW - Nitriles -- administration & dosage KW - Nitriles -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77743443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile+on+acquisition+and+performance+of+spatial+tasks+in+rats.&rft.au=Llorens%2C+J%3BCrofton%2C+K+M%3BPeele%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Llorens&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-22 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 24-hour control of body temperature in the rat: II. Diisopropyl fluorophosphate-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia. AN - 77736412; 7862732 AB - Diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) and other anticholinesterase (antiChE) agents have been found to induce marked hypothermic responses in laboratory rodents. To characterize the effects of DFP on autonomic and behavioral thermoregulation, rats of the Long-Evans strain were injected with DFP while housed in a temperature gradient. The gradient allowed for the measurement of selected ambient temperature (Ta) and motor activity (MA) over a 6- to 7-day period. Core temperature (Tc) and heart rate (HR) were also monitored simultaneously using radiotelemetry. Injection of the peanut oil vehicle led to transient elevations in Tc, HR, and MA, but no change in selected Ta. The next day animals were injected with 0.25, 1.0, or 1.5 mg/kg DFP. DFP (1.0 AND 1.5 mg/kg) led to a marked reduction in Tc. The decrease in Tc was accompanied by reductions in HR, MA, and selected Ta. During the first night after DFP, selected Ta remained elevated as Tc recovered to its preinjection level. The second 24-h period after 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg DFP was associated with a significant elevation in the daytime Tc. In conclusion, with the option of using behavioral thermoregulatory responses, the hypothermic effects of acute DFP treatment are mediated by a selection for cooler TaS. An elevation in Tc during recovery from acute DFP corroborates the many incidents of fever in humans exposed to anti-ChE agents. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 747 EP - 754 VL - 49 IS - 3 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Telemetry KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Isoflurophate -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77736412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=24-hour+control+of+body+temperature+in+the+rat%3A+II.+Diisopropyl+fluorophosphate-induced+hypothermia+and+hyperthermia.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=747&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-22 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollution balance: a new methodology for minimizing waste production in manufacturing processes. AN - 77119720; 15736345 AB - A new methodolgy based on a generic pollution balance equation, has been developed for minimizing waste production in manufacturing processes. A "pollution index," defined as the mass of waste produced per unit mass of a product, has been introduced to provide a quantitative measure of waste generation in a process. A waste reduction algorithm also has been developed from the pollution balance equation. This paper explains this methodology and demonstrates the applicability of the method by a case study. JF - Air & waste : journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Hilaly, A K AU - Sikdar, S K AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 1303 EP - 1308 VL - 44 IS - 11 SN - 1073-161X, 1073-161X KW - Index Medicus KW - Forecasting KW - Manufactured Materials KW - Conservation of Natural Resources KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Refuse Disposal -- methods KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77119720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Pollution+balance%3A+a+new+methodology+for+minimizing+waste+production+in+manufacturing+processes.&rft.au=Hilaly%2C+A+K%3BSikdar%2C+S+K&rft.aulast=Hilaly&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=1073161X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional visualization of physiologically based kinetic model outputs. AN - 77107964; 9738209 AB - Outputs from a physiologically based toxicokinetic (PB-TK) model for fish were visualized by mapping time-series data for specific tissues onto a three-dimensional representation of a rainbow trout. The trout representation was generated in stepwise fashion: 1) cross-section images were obtained from an anesthetized fish using a magnetic resonance imaging system, 2) images were processed to classify tissue types and eliminate unnecessary detail. 3) processed images were imported to a visualization software package (Application Visualization System) to create a three-dimensional representation of the fish, encapsulating five volumes corresponding to the liver, kidney, muscle, gastrointestinal tract, and fat, Kinetic data for the disposition of pentachloroethane in trout were generated using a PB-TK model. Model outputs were mapped onto corresponding tissues volumes, representing chemical concentration as color intensity. The workstation software was then used to animate the images, illustration the accumulation of pentachloroethane in each tissue during a continuous branchial (gill) exposure. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Nichols, J AU - Rheingans, P AU - Lothenbach, D AU - McGeachie, R AU - Skow, L AU - McKim, J AD - Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 952 EP - 956 VL - 102 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Ethane KW - L99N5N533T KW - pentachloroethane KW - QOJ9TH7LDL KW - Index Medicus KW - Magnetic Resonance Imaging KW - Software KW - Animals KW - Models, Structural KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- pharmacokinetics KW - Ethane -- analogs & derivatives KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- pharmacokinetics KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss -- metabolism KW - Ethane -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77107964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+visualization+of+physiologically+based+kinetic+model+outputs.&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J%3BRheingans%2C+P%3BLothenbach%2C+D%3BMcGeachie%2C+R%3BSkow%2C+L%3BMcKim%2C+J&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=952&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-10-05 N1 - Date created - 1998-10-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol. 1972 May 1;42(1):183-94 [4402707] J Pharmacokinet Biopharm. 1976 Oct;4(5):377-88 [1003326] J Pharm Sci. 1983 Oct;72(10):1103-27 [6358460] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1984 Mar 30;73(1):159-75 [6710512] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 Feb;87(2):185-205 [3824380] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1988 Mar 30;93(1):108-17 [3353997] Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol. 1992;101(1):47-51 [1347730] Toxicol Lett. 1988 Oct;43(1-3):189-200 [3176064] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Aug;105(1):37-54 [2392805] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1991 Mar;32(3):247-67 [2002511] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Sep 15;110(3):374-89 [1949008] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Sep 15;110(3):390-402 [1949009] Toxicol Ind Health. 1988 Jun;4(2):151-71 [3051518] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ten and ninety-day toxicity studies of 1,2-dichloroethane in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 76939955; 7821233 AB - Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received 1,2-dichloroethane in corn oil by gavage for 10 or 90 consecutive days. The doses for the 10-day study were 10, 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg; the 90-day study doses were 37.5, 75, and 150 mg/kg. There were ten animals per sex per dose group. In the 10-day study, all female animals died in the high dose group and only 2 of 10 males survived. Final body weights and weight gain along with hematology and clinical chemistry findings were not different from controls. The only relative organ weight which was significantly different was the liver in males exposed to 100 mg/kg. The main histopathological lesion exhibited was multifocal to diffuse inflammation of the mucosal and submucosal layers of the forestomach in the 100 mg/kg dose group. This change was minimal in both males and females. In the 90-day study there were no treatment-related effects pertaining to clinical observations. Body weight gain and total food consumption were significantly decreased in high dose males. There were slight but significant differences in hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, platelets, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase values in the 75 and/or 150 mg/kg groups in one or both sexes. In males, relative brain, kidney, and liver weights were significantly increased at 75 and 150 mg/kg. There were also differences in spleen, adrenal, and testes weights (absolute and/or relative). In females, absolute and/or relative kidney and liver weights were significantly increased at 150 mg/kg (liver) and at 75 and 150 mg/kg (kidney). There were no apparent treatment-related effects pertaining to mortality, ophthalmology, gross pathology, or histopathology. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Olson, G R AU - York, R G AU - Condie, L W AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 463 EP - 477 VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Ethylene Dichlorides KW - 0 KW - ethylene dichloride KW - 55163IJI47 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Analysis of Variance KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Ethylene Dichlorides -- toxicity KW - Ethylene Dichlorides -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76939955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Ten+and+ninety-day+toxicity+studies+of+1%2C2-dichloroethane+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BYork%2C+R+G%3BCondie%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of bromodichloromethane in female rats and mice after repeated oral dosing. AN - 76901848; 7801327 AB - The carcinogenic water disinfection byproduct, bromodichloromethane (BDCM), produces renal and hepatic toxicity in rodents in acute and subchronic studies. In the present investigation, female rats and mice (n = 6) were dosed daily for 5 consecutive days with BDCM (dissolved in an aqueous, 10% Emulphor solution) by gavage. Rats received 75, 150 and 300 mg BDCM/kg body weight/day and mice received 75 and 150 mg BDCM/kg body weight/day. Two rats in the 300 mg/kg/day treatment group died on day 5. On day 6, the animals were sacrificed and serum samples were taken for analysis of indicators of hepatic and renal toxicity. Livers and kidneys were excised and samples taken for histopathological evaluation. Portions of the livers were also utilized to produce microsomes for analysis of cytochrome P450 enzyme activities and total P450 content. Total hepatic cytochrome P450 was decreased in rats dosed with 150 and 300 mg BDCM/kg body weight/day, but was not significantly affected in BDCM-treated mice. Serum lactate (LDH) and sorbitol (SDH) dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were increased above those of controls in rats dosed with 300 mg BDCM/kg/day. These data suggested that hepatic and renal damage had occurred in this treatment group. This was confirmed by histopathological analyses which revealed that lesions occurred in both hepatic and renal tissues from rats dosed with 150 and 300 mg BDCM/kg/day. The hepatic lesions were centrilobular and primarily consisted of vacuolar degeneration. The hepatotoxicity indicators alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and SDH were increased in mice dosed with 150 mg BDCM/kg/day. However, no histopathological lesions were observed in these animals. This study shows that BDCM is both hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic to female rats after repeated dosing, but is only weakly hepatotoxic to female mice at the administered doses. Also, reduced activities of hepatic cytochrome P450 were observed in rats, but not mice. These species differences in toxicity and xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme inhibition caused by BDCM suggest that an understanding of the mechanism of toxicity of this compound will be critical when extrapolating rodent toxicity data to humans for this environmental pollutant. JF - Toxicology AU - Thornton-Manning, J R AU - Seely, J C AU - Pegram, R A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 3 EP - 18 VL - 94 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - 0 KW - Trihalomethanes KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- toxicity KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76901848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+bromodichloromethane+in+female+rats+and+mice+after+repeated+oral+dosing.&rft.au=Thornton-Manning%2C+J+R%3BSeely%2C+J+C%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Thornton-Manning&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-26 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental effects of an environmental antiandrogen: the fungicide vinclozolin alters sex differentiation of the male rat. AN - 76854900; 7974495 AB - In humans and rodents, exposure to hormonally active chemicals during sex differentiation can produce a wide range of abnormal sexual phenotypes including masculinized and defeminized females and feminized and demasculinized males. Although numerous "environmental estrogens," including pesticides, toxic substances (PCBs), and plant and fungal estrogens, have been shown to alter mammalian sex differentiation, similar information on environmental androgens is lacking. Recently, the fungicide vinclozolin (V) was found to inhibit sexual differentiation in male rats in an antiandrogenic manner. In the present study, V was administered to pregnant rats (p.o.) at 0, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day in corn oil during the period of sex differentiation (Gestational Day 14 to Postnatal Day 3) to examine the demasculinizing effect of this fungicide more closely. In both groups of V-treated male offspring, anogenital distance was female like at birth, and nipple development was prominent at 2 weeks of age. After puberty, most of the V-treated male offspring were unable to attain intromission even though they all mounted sexually receptive females. The V-treated male offspring that appeared to achieve intromission, failed to ejaculate normally, as no sperm were found in the uterus after overnight matings. A factor in the abnormal ejaculation was that all V-treated male offspring had cleft phallus with hypospadias. In addition, a number of unusual reproductive malformations were noted when the males were necropsied at 1 year. Many V-treated male offspring had suprainguinal ectopic scrota/testes, a vaginal pouch, epididymal granulomas, and small to absent sex accessory glands. During the study, about 25% of the V-treated males died as a result of bladder stones, hydroureter, or hydronephrosis, while other males displayed these lesions at necropsy. While some of the above malformations in male offspring can also be produced by perinatal administration of a potent estrogen, like DES, V-treated female offspring did not display any estrogen-like alterations of reproductive development or fecundity. The only change seen in the female offspring was a reduced anogenital distance during neonatal life. Our observation of perinatal-induced agenesis of the prostate and blocked testicular descent, a pattern of malformations nearly identical to that reported for the antiandrogen flutamide, is consistent with other recent evidence that this fungicide is an androgen-receptor antagonist. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gray, L E AU - Ostby, J S AU - Kelce, W R AD - Developmental Reproductive Toxicology Section, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 46 EP - 52 VL - 129 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Androgen Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - Oxazoles KW - vinclozolin KW - JJ258EZN1I KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Ejaculation -- drug effects KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Computer Simulation KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Random Allocation KW - Genitalia -- abnormalities KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Sexual Maturation -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Phenotype KW - Endocrine Glands -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Sex Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Androgen Antagonists -- toxicity KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity KW - Oxazoles -- toxicity KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Oxazoles -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76854900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Developmental+effects+of+an+environmental+antiandrogen%3A+the+fungicide+vinclozolin+alters+sex+differentiation+of+the+male+rat.&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E%3BOstby%2C+J+S%3BKelce%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-15 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicology studies of a chemical mixture of 25 groundwater contaminants: hepatic and renal assessment, response to carbon tetrachloride challenge, and influence of treatment-induced water restriction. AN - 76827789; 7966440 AB - Because groundwater contamination is an important environmental concern, we examined the hepatic and renal effects of repeated exposure to a mixture of 25 chemicals frequently found in groundwater near hazardous-waste disposal sites and the effect of such exposure on carbon tetrachloride (CCI4) toxicity. Adult male F-344 rats received ad libitum deionized water and feed (Ad Lib Water) or ad libitum 10% MIX (referring to 10% of a technically achievable stock mixture) and feed for 14 d. Because exposure to the 25-chemical mixture via the drinking water resulted in decreased water and feed consumption, restricted deionized water and feed controls (Restricted Water) were included. On d 14, rats were gavaged with 0, 0.0375, 0.05, 0.075 or 0.15 ml CCl4/kg, and hepatic and renal toxicity assessed 24 h later. Little or no hepatic and renal toxicity was observed in rats exposed to 10% MIX alone. No hepatic or renal lesions occurred that could be attributed to 10% MIX alone. Slight but statistically significant alterations, of uncertain biological significance, resulted from the water treatments: 10% MIX increased alanine aminotransferase, urea nitrogen (BUN), and BUN/creatinine ratio; Restricted Water increased 5'-nucleotidase and decreased alkaline phosphatase. Relative kidney weight was increased by both 10% MIX and Restricted Water. CCI4 resulted in significant dosage-dependent hepatotoxicity in all three water treatment groups but had little or no effect on renal indicators of toxicity. Relative to Ad Lib Water, significantly greater hepatotoxicity occurred in both 10% MIX and Restricted Water rats. The response to CCI4 in the Restricted Water rats was similar to that of 10% MIX rats, indicating that a substantial portion of the effect of 10% MIX on CCI4 hepatotoxicity is due to decreased water and feed intake. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Simmons, J E AU - Yang, R S AU - Svendsgaard, D J AU - Thompson, M B AU - Seely, J C AU - McDonald, A AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 305 EP - 325 VL - 43 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Fresh Water KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Water Deprivation -- physiology KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76827789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Toxicology+studies+of+a+chemical+mixture+of+25+groundwater+contaminants%3A+hepatic+and+renal+assessment%2C+response+to+carbon+tetrachloride+challenge%2C+and+influence+of+treatment-induced+water+restriction.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E%3BYang%2C+R+S%3BSvendsgaard%2C+D+J%3BThompson%2C+M+B%3BSeely%2C+J+C%3BMcDonald%2C+A&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=305&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-29 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute effects of summer air pollution on respiratory symptom reporting in children. AN - 76795731; 7952546 AB - A daily diary of respiratory symptoms was collected from the parents of 1,844 school children in six U.S. cities to study the association between ambient air pollution exposures and respiratory illness. A cohort of approximately 300 elementary school children in each of six communities were asked to keep a daily log of the study child's respiratory symptoms for one year. Daily measurements of ambient sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, inhalable particles (PM10), respirable particles (PM2.5), light scattering, and sulfate particles were made, along with integrated 24-h measures of aerosol strong acidity. The analyses were limited to the five warm season months between April and August. Significant associations were found between incidence of coughing symptoms and incidence of lower respiratory symptoms and PM10, and a marginally significant association between upper respiratory symptoms and PM10. There was no evidence that other measures of particulate pollution including aerosol acidity were preferable to PM10 in predicting incidence of respiratory symptoms. Significant associations in single pollutant models were also found between sulfur dioxide or ozone and incidence of cough, and between sulfur dioxide and incidence of lower respiratory symptoms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Schwartz, J AU - Dockery, D W AU - Neas, L M AU - Wypij, D AU - Ware, J H AU - Spengler, J D AU - Koutrakis, P AU - Speizer, F E AU - Ferris, B G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 1234 EP - 1242 VL - 150 IS - 5 Pt 1 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Sulfur Dioxide KW - 0UZA3422Q4 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Nitrogen Dioxide KW - S7G510RUBH KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Acute Disease KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- analysis KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- adverse effects KW - Odds Ratio KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Temperature KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- adverse effects KW - Child KW - Cough -- etiology KW - Ozone -- adverse effects KW - Cohort Studies KW - Seasons KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- etiology KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76795731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Acute+effects+of+summer+air+pollution+on+respiratory+symptom+reporting+in+children.&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+J%3BDockery%2C+D+W%3BNeas%2C+L+M%3BWypij%2C+D%3BWare%2C+J+H%3BSpengler%2C+J+D%3BKoutrakis%2C+P%3BSpeizer%2C+F+E%3BFerris%2C+B+G&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=5+Pt+1&rft.spage=1234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-13 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic response of the OII Landfill (a Super Fund site) to the Northridge earthquake AN - 52855330; 1996-033999 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hushman, Behnam AU - Mundy, Peter AU - Lewis, Richard D AU - Herzig, Roy AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 167 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - California KW - Los Angeles County California KW - strong motion KW - Superfund KW - landfills KW - ground motion KW - stability KW - Northridge earthquake 1994 KW - seismic response KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52855330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Seismic+response+of+the+OII+Landfill+%28a+Super+Fund+site%29+to+the+Northridge+earthquake&rft.au=Hushman%2C+Behnam%3BMundy%2C+Peter%3BLewis%2C+Richard+D%3BHerzig%2C+Roy%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hushman&rft.aufirst=Behnam&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; earthquakes; ground motion; landfills; Los Angeles County California; Northridge earthquake 1994; seismic response; stability; strong motion; Superfund; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of ultraviolet light on the toxicity of sediments contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons AN - 52825255; 1996-058227 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Collyard, Scott A AU - Monson, Philip D AU - Kosian, Patricia A Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 1791 EP - 1796 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 13 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - benthic taxa KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - photoactivation KW - spectra KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52825255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Influence+of+ultraviolet+light+on+the+toxicity+of+sediments+contaminated+with+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Ankley%2C+Gerald+T%3BCollyard%2C+Scott+A%3BMonson%2C+Philip+D%3BKosian%2C+Patricia+A&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; chemical reactions; degradation; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; organic compounds; photoactivation; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sediments; spectra; toxic materials; toxicity; ultraviolet spectra; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic bioremediation of trichloroethene at the St. Joseph, Michigan NPL site AN - 52808326; 1996-066963 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Weaver, J W AU - Cook, M L AU - Wilson, J T AU - Kampbell, D H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 254 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - North America KW - Berrien County Michigan KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Saint Joseph Michigan KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - Lake Michigan KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - trichloroethylene KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52808326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+bioremediation+of+trichloroethene+at+the+St.+Joseph%2C+Michigan+NPL+site&rft.au=Weaver%2C+J+W%3BCook%2C+M+L%3BWilson%2C+J+T%3BKampbell%2C+D+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=254&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Berrien County Michigan; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; Great Lakes; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Lake Michigan; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; North America; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Saint Joseph Michigan; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The study of a three-dimensional transport problem with density-dependent flow and nonisothermal conditions AN - 52792053; 1996-078797 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Cheng, Jing-Ru AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Short, Thomas E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 210 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - density KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - methanol KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - alcohols KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52792053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+study+of+a+three-dimensional+transport+problem+with+density-dependent+flow+and+nonisothermal+conditions&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Jing-Ru%3BYeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BShort%2C+Thomas+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Jing-Ru&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; aquifers; density; ground water; methanol; models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; soils; three-dimensional models; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preservation of heavy-metal inputs from acidic mine releases in bottom sediments from Pueblo Reservoir, Colorado AN - 52791619; 1997-002901 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Callender, Edward C AU - Kimball, B A AU - Ficklin, W H AU - Sigleo, A C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 237 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - concentration KW - reservoirs KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Pueblo County Colorado KW - precipitation KW - sediments KW - Colorado KW - Pueblo Reservoir KW - preservation KW - heavy metals KW - Arkansas River KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52791619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Preservation+of+heavy-metal+inputs+from+acidic+mine+releases+in+bottom+sediments+from+Pueblo+Reservoir%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Callender%2C+Edward+C%3BKimball%2C+B+A%3BFicklin%2C+W+H%3BSigleo%2C+A+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Callender&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Arkansas River; Colorado; concentration; heavy metals; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; preservation; Pueblo County Colorado; Pueblo Reservoir; reservoirs; sediments; solute transport; surface water; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating soil water response to climate change using spatially distributed soil properties AN - 52788753; 1996-078777 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Kern, Jeff AU - Marks, Danny AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 207 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - models KW - moisture KW - water regimes KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - climate KW - ground water KW - changes KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52788753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Estimating+soil+water+response+to+climate+change+using+spatially+distributed+soil+properties&rft.au=Kern%2C+Jeff%3BMarks%2C+Danny%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kern&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - changes; climate; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; models; moisture; soils; water regimes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of vertical distribution and morphology of indigenous organic matter at Sleeping Bear site, Michigan AN - 51060644; 1995-038440 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - West, C C AU - Lyon, W G AU - Ross, D L AU - Pennington, L K Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 176 EP - 187 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - clastic sediments KW - Sleeping Bear National Lakeshore KW - site exploration KW - pollution KW - till KW - distribution KW - Benzie County Michigan KW - Spodosols KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - morphology KW - provenance KW - organic compounds KW - oil spills KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - humic soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51060644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+vertical+distribution+and+morphology+of+indigenous+organic+matter+at+Sleeping+Bear+site%2C+Michigan&rft.au=West%2C+C+C%3BLyon%2C+W+G%3BRoss%2C+D+L%3BPennington%2C+L+K&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Benzie County Michigan; clastic sediments; distribution; ground water; humic soils; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; morphology; oil spills; organic compounds; organic materials; pollution; provenance; sediments; site exploration; Sleeping Bear National Lakeshore; soils; Spodosols; till; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of techniques for the isolation of sediment pore water for toxicity testing AN - 50188733; 1995-009517 JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Ankley, G T AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M K Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 507 EP - 512 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg-Berlin VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - United States KW - toxic materials KW - chemical analysis KW - fresh-water sedimentation KW - Saginaw River KW - physicochemical properties KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - adsorption KW - toxicity KW - Keweenaw Waterways KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - chemical composition KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50188733?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+techniques+for+the+isolation+of+sediment+pore+water+for+toxicity+testing&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=507&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AECTCV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; chemical analysis; chemical composition; fresh-water sedimentation; Keweenaw Waterways; Michigan; physicochemical properties; pollution; pore water; Saginaw River; sedimentation; sediments; techniques; toxic materials; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A composite modeling approach for subsurface transport of degrading contaminants from land-disposal sites AN - 50168370; 1995-026561 AB - A composite modeling approach is presented for simulating the three-dimensional (3-D) subsurface transport of dissolved contaminants with transformation products. The approach is based on vertical infiltration and contaminant transport in the unsaturated zone and 3-D groundwater flow and contaminant migration in the saturated zone. Moisture movement and groundwater flow are considered to be steady, but contaminant transport is treated as transient. The model allows for advection, dispersion, linear or nonlinear equilibrium sorption, and first-order biochemical transformation of either a single contaminant species, or a multi-species, straight or branched, decay chain. The model is designed for regulatory decision making using Monte Carlo analysis. For such applications considerable emphasis is placed on computational efficiency and robustness of the model. An efficient and robust semi-analytical method is used to perform the steady-state solution for infiltration through the unsaturated zone. A variety of transport solutions, corresponding to transient or steady state, and linear or nonlinear sorption conditions, are incorporated in the model. For transient linear transport, the Laplace transform technique is used. The transformed unsaturated-zone transport equation is solved analytically; the transformed saturated-zone transport equation is solved numerically using the Laplace transform-Galerkin (LTG) technique which permits a nonuniform groundwater flow field, reflecting the influence of locally higher infiltration from the waste source. The model contains fully 3-D solutions for flow and transport in the saturated zone, as well as two-dimensional solutions for vertical cross-sectional and areal scenarios. Model formulations and solution schemes are verified by comparison against a fully 3-D, variably saturated flow and transport code for a hypothetical problem which represents a typical landfill. The model is applied also to simulate a controlled release field experiment and the model predictions compare well with groundwater monitoring data for the site. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Kool, J B AU - Huyakorn, P S AU - Sudicky, E A AU - Saleem, Z A Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 69 EP - 90 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Dodge City Kansas KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Kansas KW - transport KW - Ford County Kansas KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50168370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+composite+modeling+approach+for+subsurface+transport+of+degrading+contaminants+from+land-disposal+sites&rft.au=Kool%2C+J+B%3BHuyakorn%2C+P+S%3BSudicky%2C+E+A%3BSaleem%2C+Z+A&rft.aulast=Kool&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; degradation; Dodge City Kansas; field studies; Ford County Kansas; ground water; Kansas; landfills; pollutants; pollution; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mount Rainier; new remote sensing observations of a decade volcano AN - 50141817; 1995-042885 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Realmuto, V J AU - Zebker, H A AU - Frank, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 716 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hot spots KW - Pierce County Washington KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - digital terrain models KW - metasomatism KW - infrared spectra KW - topography KW - thermal anomalies KW - ice KW - snow KW - Mount Rainier KW - surface features KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - spectra KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - radar methods KW - interferometry KW - Cascade Range KW - volcanoes KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50141817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Mount+Rainier%3B+new+remote+sensing+observations+of+a+decade+volcano&rft.au=Realmuto%2C+V+J%3BZebker%2C+H+A%3BFrank%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Realmuto&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=716&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; atmospheric precipitation; Cascade Range; digital terrain models; hot spots; hydrology; hydrothermal alteration; ice; infrared spectra; interferometry; metasomatism; monitoring; Mount Rainier; Pierce County Washington; radar methods; remote sensing; snow; spectra; surface features; thermal anomalies; topography; United States; volcanoes; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Off-line complexation/supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography with atomic emission detection for the determination and speciation of organotin compounds in soils and sediments AN - 50112056; 1995-059396 JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC) AU - Liu, Yan AU - Lopez-Avila, Viorica AU - Alcaraz, Marcela AU - Beckert, Werner F Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 3788 EP - 3796 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 66 IS - 21 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - soils KW - methods KW - chemical analysis KW - compounds KW - biocides KW - pollutants KW - organotin KW - complexing KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - fungicides KW - supercritical fluid extraction methods KW - trinutylin KW - gas chromatography KW - sample preparation KW - solvents KW - sediments KW - triphenyltin KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50112056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.atitle=Off-line+complexation%2Fsupercritical+fluid+extraction+and+gas+chromatography+with+atomic+emission+detection+for+the+determination+and+speciation+of+organotin+compounds+in+soils+and+sediments&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yan%3BLopez-Avila%2C+Viorica%3BAlcaraz%2C+Marcela%3BBeckert%2C+Werner+F&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yan&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=3788&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; biocides; chemical analysis; complexing; compounds; fungicides; gas chromatography; methods; organotin; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; sample preparation; sediments; soils; solvents; supercritical fluid extraction methods; trinutylin; triphenyltin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The mechanism of dioxin toxicity: relationship to risk assessment. AN - 36354979; 201002-31-0247327 (CE); 11701669 (EN) AB - Risk characterization involves hazard identification, determination of dose-response relationships, and exposure assessment. Improvement of the risk assessment process requires inclusion of the best available science. Recent findings in the area of dioxin toxicity have led to a major effort to reassess its risk. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), commonly referred to as "dioxin," is the most toxic member of a class of related chemicals including the polyhalogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, biphenyls, naphthalenes, azo- and azoxy-benzenes, whose toxicities can be expressed as fractional equivalencies of TCDD. These chemicals exert their effects through interaction with a specific intracellular protein, the Ah receptor. While binding to the receptor is necessary, it is not sufficient to bring about a chain of events leading to various responses including enzyme induction, immunotoxicity, reproductive and endocrine effects, developmental toxicity, chloracne, tumor promotion, etc. Some of these responses appear to be linear at low doses. Immunotoxicity and effects on the reproductive system appear to be among the most sensitive responses. The Ah receptor functions as a transcriptional enhancer, interacting with a number of other regulatory proteins (heat shock proteins, kinases, translocases, DNA binding species). Interaction with specific base sequences in the DNA appear to be modulated by the presence of other growth factors, hormones and their receptors as well as other regulatory proteins. Thus, dioxin appears to function as a hormone, initiating a cascade of events that is dependent upon the environment of each cell and tissue. While Ah receptor variants exist, all vertebrates examined have demonstrated such a protein with similar numbers of receptors and binding affinity for TCDD. Most species respond similarly to dioxin and related compounds. While a given species may be an outlier for a given response, it will behave like other animals for other responses. For both in vivo and in vitro end points where animal and human data exist, such as enzyme induction, chloracne, immunotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and cancer, the sensitivity of humans appears similar to that of experimental animals. Current levels of environmental exposure to this class of chemicals may be resulting in subtle responses in populations at special risk such as subsistence fisherman and the developing infant, as well as in the general population. Increased understanding of the mechanism of dioxin's effects as well as elucidation of exposure-dose relationships is leading to the development of a biologically based dose-response model in the ongoing process of incorporating the best science into the risk assessment of TCDD and related compounds. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 157 EP - 167 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 102 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Receptors KW - Dioxins KW - Biocompatibility KW - Toxicity KW - Proteins KW - Binding KW - Risk assessment KW - Animals KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36354979?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratogenesis%2C+carcinogenesis%2C+and+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Complementarity+of+genotoxic+and+nongenotoxic+predictors+of+rodent+carcinogenicity.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L%3BKulkarni%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratogenesis%2C+carcinogenesis%2C+and+mutagenesis&rft.issn=02703211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential effects of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners on phosphoinositide hydrolysis and protein kinase C translocation in rat cerebellar granule cells. AN - 77750823; 7859093 AB - Previous reports from our laboratory have suggested that the neuroactivity of some polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners is associated with perturbations in cellular Ca(2+)-homeostasis. We have characterized further the neurochemical effects of PCBs on signal transduction in primary cultures of cerebellar granule cells. The present experiments found that neither 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCBP), an ortho-substituted congener, nor 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCBP), a non-ortho-substituted congener, affected basal phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis in cerebellar granule cells. However, at concentrations up to 50 microM, DCBP potentiated carbachol-stimulated PI hydrolysis, while decreasing it at 100 microM. PCBP, on the other hand, had no effect on carbachol-stimulated PI hydrolysis in concentrations up to 100 microM. [3H]Phorbol ester ([3H]PDBu) binding was used to determine protein kinase C (PKC) translocation. DCBP increased [3H]PDBu binding in a concentration-dependent manner and a twofold increase was observed at 100 microM in cerebellar granule cells. PCBP had no effect on [3H]PDBu binding at concentrations up to 100 microM. The effect of DCBP on [3H]PDBu binding was time-dependent and was also dependent on the presence of external Ca2+ in the medium. To test the hypothesis that DCBP increases [3H]PDBu binding by acting on receptor-activated calcium channels, the effects of DCBP were compared to those of L-glutamate. The effects of DCBP (50 microM) and glutamate (20 microM) were additive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Brain research AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Shafer, T J AU - Ward, T R AU - Mundy, W R AU - Freudenrich, T AU - Harry, G J AU - Tilson, H A AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/10/31/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Oct 31 SP - 75 EP - 82 VL - 662 IS - 1-2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Phorbol Esters KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl KW - 1433W7U14D KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - Carbachol KW - 8Y164V895Y KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - 3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl KW - TSH69IA9XF KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Phorbol Esters -- metabolism KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Signal Transduction -- drug effects KW - Hydrolysis KW - Glutamic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Carbachol -- metabolism KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacology KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- enzymology KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77750823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Differential+effects+of+polychlorinated+biphenyl+congeners+on+phosphoinositide+hydrolysis+and+protein+kinase+C+translocation+in+rat+cerebellar+granule+cells.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BShafer%2C+T+J%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BFreudenrich%2C+T%3BHarry%2C+G+J%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-10-31&rft.volume=662&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-22 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental monitoring for genotoxicity with plant systems. Results and recommendations. AN - 76764743; 7523896 AB - In the first phase of a collaborative study by the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), four coded chemicals, i.e. azidoglycerol (AG, 3-azido-1,2-propanediol), methyl nitrosourea (MNU), sodium azide (NaN3) and maleic hydrazide (MH), and ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) as a positive control were tested in four plant bioassays, namely the Arabidopsis embryo and chlorophyll mutation assay, the Tradescantia stamen hair assay (Trad-SH assay), the Tradescantia micronucleus assay (Trad-MCN), and the Vicia faba root tip assay. Seventeen laboratories from diverse regions of the world participated with four to six laboratories each using one plant assay. For the Arabidopsis assay, laboratories were in agreement with MNU and AG giving positive responses and NaN3 giving a negative response. With the exception of one laboratory which reported MH as weakly mutagenic, no mutagenic response was reported for MH by the other laboratories. For the Vicia faba assay, all laboratories reported a positive response for MNU, AG, and MH, whereas two of the six laboratories reported a negative response for NaN3. For the Trad-SH assay, MH was reported as giving a positive response and a positive response was also observed for MNU with the exception of one laboratory. NaN3, which exhibited a relatively high degree of toxicity, elicited a positive response in three of the five laboratories. AG was found positive in only one of the two laboratories which tested this chemical. For the Trad-MCN assay, MNU and MH were reported as positive by all laboratories, while four out of five laboratories reported NaN3 to be positive. Only one of three laboratories reported AG to be positive. The major sources of variability were identified and considered to be in the same range as found in similar studies on other test systems. Recommendations were made for minor changes in methodology and for initiating the second phase of this study. JF - Mutation research AU - Sandhu, S S AU - de Serres, F J AU - Gopalan, H N AU - Grant, W F AU - Svendsgaard, D AU - Velemínský, J AU - Becking, G C AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/10/16/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Oct 16 SP - 257 EP - 263 VL - 310 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Biological Assay -- methods KW - Arabidopsis -- genetics KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - International Cooperation KW - Plants, Medicinal KW - Fabaceae -- genetics KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mutagens -- analysis KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Plants -- genetics KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76764743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Environmental+monitoring+for+genotoxicity+with+plant+systems.+Results+and+recommendations.&rft.au=Sandhu%2C+S+S%3Bde+Serres%2C+F+J%3BGopalan%2C+H+N%3BGrant%2C+W+F%3BSvendsgaard%2C+D%3BVelem%C3%ADnsk%C3%BD%2C+J%3BBecking%2C+G+C&rft.aulast=Sandhu&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-10-16&rft.volume=310&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-02 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solvent-induced ototoxicity in rats: an atypical selective mid-frequency hearing deficit. AN - 85157686; pmid-7852200 AB - Most previous reports of ototoxicity following exposure to several volatile organic solvents have restricted testing to the low- and mid-frequencies (2-20 kHz) of the hearing range in the rat (0.25-80 kHz). We report here that inhalation exposure to styrene, mixed xylene, toluene, and 1,1,2-trichloroethylene resulted in hearing dysfunction only in the mid-frequency range and spared function at lower and higher frequencies. Adult male Long Evans rats were exposed via inhalation (whole body) in flow-through chambers. The following exposures were used: styrene, 1600 ppm; 1,1,2-trichloroethylene, 3500 ppm; toluene, 2500 ppm; mixed xylenes, 1800 ppm (N = 7-8 per group, 8 h/day for 5 days), and n-butanol, 4000 ppm (N = 10/group, 6 h/day for 5 days). Testing of auditory function was conducted 5 to 8 weeks after exposure using reflex modification audiometry (RMA). RMA thresholds were determined for frequencies from 0.5 to 40 kHz. Results indicated increased RMA thresholds for the mid-frequency tones (e.g., 8 and 16 kHz), but not higher or lower tones, for all solvents except n-butanol. Toluene and xylene also increased thresholds at 24 kHz. These data indicate that for those solvents reported thus far to cause hearing loss, the deficit is restricted to mid-frequencies in rats. JF - Hearing Research AU - Crofton, K M AU - Lassiter, T L AU - Rebert, C S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 25 EP - 30 VL - 80 IS - 1 SN - 0378-5955, 0378-5955 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85157686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hearing+Research&rft.atitle=Solvent-induced+ototoxicity+in+rats%3A+an+atypical+selective+mid-frequency+hearing+deficit.&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BLassiter%2C+T+L%3BRebert%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hearing+Research&rft.issn=03785955&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental neurotoxicity: evaluation of testing procedures with methylazoxymethanol and methylmercury. AN - 77724931; 7835545 AB - Testing procedures for identification of potential developmental neurotoxicants were evaluated using two prototypical developmental neurotoxicants, methylazoxymethanol (MAM) and methylmercury (MeHg). Evaluation of offspring of Long-Evans rats incorporated assessments of developmental toxicity, neurochemistry, histology, and behavior, with most testing being completed near weaning. A number of endpoints in the testing strategy were sensitive to the effects of prenatal exposure to MAM [30 mg/kg on Gestation Day (GD) 15]: (1) MAM caused reduced neonatal body weights but did not effect viability or postnatal survivorship; (2) measurement of total and regional brain weight and histological analysis showed that a number of regions, the cortex and hippocampus in particular, were affected by MAM exposure; (3) an assay for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) showed that the concentration of this protein was significantly increased in the cortex and hippocampus of treated offspring; (4) a T-maze delayed-alternation procedure indicated that MAM-treated pups were slower in the acquisition phase of the task relative to control pups; (5) motor activity testing revealed hyperactivity in treated offspring that persisted into adulthood; and (6) acoustic startle procedures revealed reduced startle amplitudes in preweanlings. Few endpoints were significantly affected by prenatal MeHg exposure (1, 2, or 4 mg/kg on GD 6-15). High fetal and neonatal mortality and lower neonatal body weights were detected at the highest dose of MeHg. Although minimal effects of MeHg may reflect a relative insensitivity of the test species and/or the test methods, the combined results from both chemicals suggest that some procedures not currently required in the developmental neurotoxicity guideline may be useful in hazard identification, and further evaluation with other chemicals, species, strains, and/or exposure paradigms may be warranted. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Goldey, E S AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Stanton, M E AU - Barone, S AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 447 EP - 464 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Alkylating Agents KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate KW - 592-62-1 KW - methylazoxymethanol KW - JGG19N3YDQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Hearing -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Reflex, Startle -- drug effects KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- toxicity KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Alkylating Agents -- toxicity KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77724931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Developmental+neurotoxicity%3A+evaluation+of+testing+procedures+with+methylazoxymethanol+and+methylmercury.&rft.au=Goldey%2C+E+S%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P%3BStanton%2C+M+E%3BBarone%2C+S%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Goldey&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1995 Feb;24(2):290 [7737440] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of 5-azacytidine administration during very early pregnancy. AN - 77694639; 7530667 AB - The chemotherapeutic agent 5-azacytidine (5AZ) is cytotoxic via nucleic acid hypomethylation. Malformations and embryolethality result when rats or mice are exposed to 5AZ on any of Days 9 through 12 of pregnancy. To investigate the effect of 5AZ exposure during the pre- and early postimplantation period, we administered 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, or 1.2 mg/kg 5AZ/day to rats during Days 1-8 of pregnancy and evaluated outcome on Days 9 or 20. No adverse effects were detected on Day 9; the numbers and weights of implantation sites, the numbers of resorptions, maternal body weight gains, and hormone measures were not different from those of controls. However, when pregnancy outcome was evaluated on Day 20, dose-dependent decreases in offspring survival and fetal weight were observed and the incidences of two malformations, microphthalmia and exencephaly, were increased. In a follow-up study, 5AZ was administered during the preimplantation period (Days 1-3) or during the postimplantation period (Days 4-8) and pregnancy outcome was evaluated on Day 20. When rats were exposed to 5AZ during the preimplantation period, no adverse effects were seen. Postimplantation dosing produced an increase in resorptions and a decrease in fetal survival and fetal weight, with no gross external malformations evident. At the doses used in this study, 5AZ was embryotoxic, with limited embryonic vulnerability prior to Day 4 of pregnancy but serious consequences following postimplantation exposure. This embryotoxicity is not detectable by our measures on Day 9 but is evident on Day 20. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Cummings, A M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch, Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 429 EP - 433 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Azacitidine KW - M801H13NRU KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Gestational Age KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Azacitidine -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77694639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+5-azacytidine+administration+during+very+early+pregnancy.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human exposure to urban air pollution. AN - 76942284; 7821294 AB - This study deals with some methods of making human exposure estimates, aimed at describing the human exposure for selected air pollutants in Sweden that are suspected carcinogens. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) have been chosen as an indicator substance for estimating the concentration of the urban plume. Earlier investigations have shown that the traffic in Swedish cities contributes around 85% to the measured NOx concentrations, and that most of the mutagenicity in urban air originates from traffic. The first section of this paper describes measurements in Stockholm of some unregulated light hydrocarbons, such as ethene, ethyne, propane, propene, butane, and isobutane. In addition, measurements of some volatile aromatic hydrocarbons are presented. Simultaneous measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) were made. The ratios between CO and the individual specific compounds were determined by linear regression analysis. By analysis of relationships between CO and NOx, NOx concentrations can be used as a tracer to describe the exposure for these specific compounds. NOx are considered to be a better tracer than CO, because NOx or NO2 values exist for many places over a long time, while CO is measured mostly in streets with high concentrations. At low concentrations, instruments that measure normal CO levels give no detectable signals. Through use of atmospheric dispersion models and models that describe how people live and work in urban areas it has been possible to describe the average exposure to NOx in cities of different sizes. The exposure to NOx for people living in the countryside has also been estimated. In this way, it has been possible to calculate the average exposure dose for NOx for the Swedish population. This figure is 23 micrograms/m3. By use of the relationships between NOx and specific compounds the average dose has been calculated for the following compounds: polyaromatic compounds (PAH); ethene, propene, and butadiene; benzene, toluene, and xylene; formaldehyde and actaldehyde; nickel, chromium (VI), arsenic, and cadmium; asbestos; and silicon. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Boström, C E AU - Almén, J AU - Steen, B AU - Westerholm, R AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Research Department, Solna. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 39 EP - 47 VL - 102 Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Nitrogen Oxides KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Sweden KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Urban Health KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- analysis KW - Nitrogen Oxides -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76942284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Human+exposure+to+urban+air+pollution.&rft.au=Bostr%C3%B6m%2C+C+E%3BAlm%C3%A9n%2C+J%3BSteen%2C+B%3BWesterholm%2C+R&rft.aulast=Bostr%C3%B6m&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of mutation spectra by complex mixtures: approaches, problems, and possibilities. AN - 76941816; 7821286 AB - More complex environmental mixtures have been evaluated for mutagenic activity at the hisD3052 allele of Salmonella, primarily in strain TA98, than in any other target or mutation assay. Using colony probe hybridization to detect a common hot spot deletion, followed by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing, we have generated 10 mutation spectra from three classes of mixtures (i.e., urban air, cigarette smoke condensate, and municipal waste incinerator emissions). The mutation spectra are distinctly different among the three classes of mixtures; however, the spectra for samples within the same class of mixture are similar. In addition to the hot spot mutation, the mixtures induce complex mutations, which consist of a small deletion and a base substitution. These mutations suggest a mechanism involving misinsertion of a base opposite a DNA adduct followed by a slippage and mismatch. A role for DNA secondary structure also may be the basis for the mutational site specificity exhibited by the various mixtures. The results suggest that unique mutation spectra can be generated by different classes of complex mixtures and that such spectra are a consequence of the dominance of a particular chemical class or classes within the mixture. The problems associated with this type of research are discussed along with the potential value of mutation spectra as a tool for exposure and risk assessment. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - DeMarini, D M AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 127 EP - 130 VL - 102 Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76941816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Induction+of+mutation+spectra+by+complex+mixtures%3A+approaches%2C+problems%2C+and+possibilities.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Oct;71(10):4159-63 [4610572] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101 Suppl 3:207-12 [8143618] Science. 1987 Jan 9;235(4785):217-20 [3798109] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 May;10(4):571-89 [3294073] Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1989;9(5):287-95 [2575290] Mutagenesis. 1990 Sep;5(5):481-9 [2263205] Mutat Res. 1991 Feb;252(1):35-44 [1996130] Science. 1991 Jul 5;253(5015):49-53 [1905840] Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Sep 25;19(18):5079 [1923779] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1991;18(4):222-3 [1748081] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1991;18(4):224-30 [1748083] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1992;19(1):14-20 [1732101] Mutat Res. 1992 Aug;277(2):91-138 [1378533] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1992;20(1):12-8 [1639078] Environ Health Perspect. 1992 Nov;98:227-34 [1486854] Carcinogenesis. 1994 Jan;15(1):79-88 [8293552] Mutat Res. 1983 Jan;114(1):59-89 [6219288] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure and risk from ambient particle-bound pollution in an airshed dominated by residential wood combustion and mobile sources. AN - 76939887; 7529707 AB - A major field study was conducted in Boise, Idaho, during the heating season of 1986 to 1987 as part of the Integrated Air Cancer Project. Filter samples were systematically collected in residences and in the ambient air across the community to characterize the particle-bound pollutants. The extractable organic matter (EOM) from the filter samples was apportioned to its source of origin, either residential wood combustion (RWC) or mobile sources (MS). Two composite samples, with apportioned contributions from RWC and MS, were prepared from the Boise ambient samples and tested for tumor-initiation potency. A comparative potency lung cancer risk estimate has been made based on the two ambient composite samples from this airshed. In addition, a microenvironmental exposure model was developed from the Boise data and from national survey data to estimate the exposure to EOM from RWC and MS. In this paper, the microenvironmental model is extrapolated to provide an estimate of the average annual exposure and dose in Boise to EOM from RWC and MS. The annual model considers actual pollutant levels in Boise, historical changes in RWC usage and meteorological dilution factors and the likely activities in the various microenvironmental zones and their resultant inhalation rates. Combined with the lifetime risk estimates, the average annual dose suggests a risk of about 4 x 10(-4) based upon the composite ambient samples. Despite the fact that RWC accounts for 73% of the EOM on an annual average basis, it accounts for only about 20% of the estimated lifetime risk. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Cupitt, L T AU - Glen, W G AU - Lewtas, J AD - Methods Research and Development Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 75 EP - 84 VL - 102 Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Idaho KW - Heating -- methods KW - Humans KW - Wood KW - Risk Assessment KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis KW - Vehicle Emissions -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76939887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+and+risk+from+ambient+particle-bound+pollution+in+an+airshed+dominated+by+residential+wood+combustion+and+mobile+sources.&rft.au=Cupitt%2C+L+T%3BGlen%2C+W+G%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Cupitt&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Apr;100:211-8 [8354169] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 May;10(4):571-89 [3294073] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1991 Jan;1(1):31-44 [1824310] J Air Waste Manage Assoc. 1991 Oct;41(10):1298-307 [1777228] Toxicol Ind Health. 1989 Oct;5(5):839-50 [2683226] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of blood protein and target organ DNA and protein binding following topical application of benzo[a]pyrene and 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole to mice. AN - 76820167; 7955059 AB - 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole (DBC) induces skin and liver tumors in mice following topical application, whereas benzo[a]pyrene (BP) induces only skin tumors. DBC also binds to liver DNA to a much greater extent than does BP. The present study examined factors that might account for the difference in DNA binding activity. [3H]DBC was applied topically to CD-1 mice at doses of 15, 100 and 1000 nmol/mouse and tissues and blood samples were taken 24 h later. Absorption of DBC from skin into blood and binding to blood proteins occurred linearly with dose. DBC bound to albumin at a 50-fold higher level than to globin and levels of albumin adducts showed good correlation with levels of DNA adducts in liver. Hepatic preference over skin in DNA binding was found to be dose-dependent. For comparison of [3H]BP and [3H]DBC binding, doses of 1000 nmol/mouse were used and the mice were sacrificed at 12, 24 and 48 h. The rate of DBC uptake from skin was 70% higher than for BP over the first 24 h, which was reflected in 40-50% higher plasma levels of DBC radiolabel. Skin protein and DNA binding were 2- to 5-fold higher for BP than DBC. Conversely, total 3H radioactivity levels in liver were 2- to 3-fold higher and liver DNA and protein binding were 15- to 20-fold and 3- to 5-fold higher respectively for DBC. Blood protein adduct levels were similar for both chemicals, suggesting that DBC metabolites formed in the liver were too reactive to re-enter the systemic circulation. Only minor amounts of the radiolabel in the liver were present as the parent compounds by 12 h after dosing. These results indicate that more rapid absorption from skin and selective accumulation in the liver contribute to the greater liver DNA binding seen with DBC, but the types of liver metabolites appear to be the major factor accounting for the binding difference. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Meier, J R AU - Warshawsky, D AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 2233 EP - 2240 VL - 15 IS - 10 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Blood Proteins KW - Carbazoles KW - Carcinogens KW - Hemoglobins KW - Serum Albumin KW - Tissue Extracts KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - ethyl acetate KW - 76845O8NMZ KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 7H-dibenzo(c,g)carbazole KW - SZF1OJI89D KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Serum Albumin -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Skin Absorption KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Protein Binding KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Hemoglobins -- metabolism KW - Tissue Extracts -- analysis KW - Administration, Topical KW - Female KW - Carbazoles -- pharmacokinetics KW - Skin -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- pharmacokinetics KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - Carbazoles -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Blood Proteins -- metabolism KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76820167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+blood+protein+and+target+organ+DNA+and+protein+binding+following+topical+application+of+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+and+7H-dibenzo%5Bc%2Cg%5Dcarbazole+to+mice.&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BWarshawsky%2C+D&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-25 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Morphological transformation and DNA adduct formation by dibenz[a,h]anthracene and its metabolites in C3H10T1/2CL8 cells. AN - 76812830; 7955058 AB - The major routes of metabolic activation of dibenz[a,h]-anthracene (DBA) have been studied in transformable C3H10T1/2CL8 (C3H10T1/2) mouse embryo fibroblasts in culture. The morphological transforming activities of three potential intermediates formed by metabolism of DBA by C3H10T1/2 cells, trans-3,4-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-DBA-(DBA-3,4-diol), trans-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydro-DBA-anti-1,2-oxide (DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide) and DBA-5,6-oxide were determined. DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide was a strong morphological transforming agent giving a mean of 73% dishes with Type II or III foci and 1.63 Type II and III foci per dish at 0.5 microgram/ml. DBA-3,4-diol produced a mean of 42% dishes with Type II or III foci and 0.81 Type II and III foci per dish at 2.5 micrograms/ml. DBA gave a mean of 24% dishes with Type II or III foci and 0.29 Type II and III foci per dish at 2.5 micrograms/ml. DBA-5,6-oxide was found to be inactive. DNA adducts of DBA, DBA-3,4-diol, DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide, DBA-1,4/2,3-tetrol and DBA-5,6-oxide in C3H10T1/2 cells were analyzed by 32P-postlabeling method. DBA gave 11 adducts, nine of which were observed in the DNA of cells treated with DBA-3,4-diol and seven from cells treated with DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide. Two of these adducts that appear in each of the treatment groups have been identified as the product of the interaction of DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide with 2'-deoxyguanosine. Furthermore, there is evidence for DBA-DNA adducts in cells treated with DBA, DBA-3,4-diol and DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide arising from metabolism to (+,-)-trans,trans-3,4,10,11-tetrahydroxy-3,4,10,11-tetrahydro-DBA (DBA-3,4,10,11-bis-diol). These results are based on co-migration of C3H10T1/2 DNA adducts with skin DNA adducts formed after topical treatment of mice with DBA-3,4,10,11-bis-diol. In C3H10T1/2 cells, DBA is metabolically activated through DBA-3,4-diol, which is further activated via the DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide and DBA-3,4,10,11-bis-diol pathways. No evidence is provided for the metabolism of DBA by the K-region pathway. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Nesnow, S AU - Ross, J AU - Beck, S AU - Lasley, J AU - Nelson, G AU - Lambert, G AU - Platt, K L AU - Agarwal, S C AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 2225 EP - 2231 VL - 15 IS - 10 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - dibenzoanthracene-5,6-dihydrodiol KW - 1421-84-7 KW - dibenz(a,h)anthracene-3,4-diol KW - 66267-19-4 KW - dibenz(a,h)anthracene-3,4-diol 1,2-oxide KW - 70951-81-4 KW - 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene KW - T30ELH3D5X KW - Index Medicus KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Animals KW - Biotransformation KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice KW - Isotope Labeling KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - DNA Adducts -- biosynthesis KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- pathology KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes -- toxicity KW - Fibroblasts -- metabolism KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes -- metabolism KW - Benz(a)Anthracenes -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76812830?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Morphological+transformation+and+DNA+adduct+formation+by+dibenz%5Ba%2Ch%5Danthracene+and+its+metabolites+in+C3H10T1%2F2CL8+cells.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J%3BBeck%2C+S%3BLasley%2C+J%3BNelson%2C+G%3BLambert%2C+G%3BPlatt%2C+K+L%3BAgarwal%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2225&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-25 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and implementation of vapor extraction to remove TCE at a fractured bedrock site AN - 52870983; 1996-026633 JF - Ground Water AU - Marcus, Donald L AU - Linder, Steven AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 855 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - bedrock KW - pollutants KW - soil vapor extraction KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - California KW - organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52870983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Design+and+implementation+of+vapor+extraction+to+remove+TCE+at+a+fractured+bedrock+site&rft.au=Marcus%2C+Donald+L%3BLinder%2C+Steven%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=855&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1994 AGWSE educational program on Ground water remediation; existing technology and future direction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; design; fractured materials; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; soil vapor extraction; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground water remediation performance evaluation at one of the first Superfund sites AN - 52870892; 1996-026605 JF - Ground Water AU - Ross, Randall R AU - Beljin, Milovan S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 837 EP - 838 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - New Hampshire KW - Nashua New Hampshire KW - movement KW - Hillsborough County New Hampshire KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - discharge KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52870892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Ground+water+remediation+performance+evaluation+at+one+of+the+first+Superfund+sites&rft.au=Ross%2C+Randall+R%3BBeljin%2C+Milovan+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Randall&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=837&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1994 AGWSE educational program on Ground water remediation; existing technology and future direction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - discharge; ground water; Hillsborough County New Hampshire; landfills; leaching; movement; Nashua New Hampshire; New Hampshire; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Superfund; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ soil flushing for contaminant remediation using cosolvents and/or surfactants AN - 52870397; 1996-026616 JF - Ground Water AU - West, Candida C AU - Wood, A Lynn AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 846 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - soils KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - pump and treat methods KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52870397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=In+situ+soil+flushing+for+contaminant+remediation+using+cosolvents+and%2For+surfactants&rft.au=West%2C+Candida+C%3BWood%2C+A+Lynn%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Candida&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=846&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1994 AGWSE educational program on Ground water remediation; existing technology and future direction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; in situ; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollutants; pollution; pump and treat methods; remediation; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency's Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation of Pneumatic Fracturing Extraction AN - 50138779; 1995-043930 JF - Air & Waste AU - Frank, Uwe Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 1219 EP - 1223 PB - Air & Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA VL - 44 IS - 10 SN - 1073-161X, 1073-161X KW - wells KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - soil vapor extraction KW - observation wells KW - techniques KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - soil flushing KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - pneumatic fracturing extraction KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - volatile organic compounds KW - trichloroethylene KW - New Jersey KW - Somerville New Jersey KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50138779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+%26+Waste&rft.atitle=U.+S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+Superfund+Innovative+Technology+Evaluation+of+Pneumatic+Fracturing+Extraction&rft.au=Frank%2C+Uwe&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=Uwe&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Air+%26+Waste&rft.issn=1073161X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bioventing; chlorinated hydrocarbons; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; New Jersey; observation wells; organic compounds; permeability; pneumatic fracturing extraction; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil flushing; soil vapor extraction; soils; Somerville New Jersey; techniques; trichloroethylene; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) with capillary gas chromatography in the separation of phenols, anilines and polynuclear aromatics potential field-screening applications of MEKC. AN - 76789423; 7952000 AB - Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is known to be complementary to liquid chromatography, but comparison of CE with capillary gas chromatography (GC) for applicable analytes has not been extensive. Capillary GC has been the preeminent separation technique for environmental analysis, but CE has yet to be applied systematically to the determination of environmental analytes. We present data on separations of three classes of semivolatile analytes of interest to environmental analysis: phenols, anilines and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNAs). Standard GC conditions were used to illustrate typical separations observed on 30-m and 40-m columns. Rapid analyses were addressed using a high-temperature 15-m column of thinner film. CE separations employed borate buffer with sodium cholate as the micellar agent in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). The effects of organic additives were studied using methanol, acetone and tetrahydrofuran. gamma-Cyclodextrin was also used in MEKC to enhance the separation of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and to examine its effects on separations of phenols and anilines. Short capillaries effected very rapid (< 3 min) compound-class characterization, an approach which has potential use in site characterization/remediation (field-screening) studies. JF - Journal of chromatography. A AU - Brumley, W C AU - Jones, W J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478. Y1 - 1994/09/30/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Sep 30 SP - 163 EP - 173 VL - 680 IS - 1 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Aniline Compounds KW - 0 KW - Phenols KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Soil Pollutants KW - aniline KW - SIR7XX2F1K KW - Index Medicus KW - Soil Pollutants -- isolation & purification KW - Electrochemistry KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Aniline Compounds -- isolation & purification KW - Phenols -- isolation & purification KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- isolation & purification KW - Chromatography, Gas -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76789423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+micellar+electrokinetic+chromatography+%28MEKC%29+with+capillary+gas+chromatography+in+the+separation+of+phenols%2C+anilines+and+polynuclear+aromatics+potential+field-screening+applications+of+MEKC.&rft.au=Brumley%2C+W+C%3BJones%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Brumley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-09-30&rft.volume=680&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lindane does not alter the estrogen receptor or the estrogen-dependent induction of progesterone receptors in sexually immature or ovariectomized adult rats. AN - 76789211; 7524197 AB - Lindane, gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH), has been shown to disrupt reproductive function in mammals. Many of these adverse effects on female reproduction such as alterations in sexual receptivity, disrupted ovarian cyclicity, reduction in uterine weight and termination of pregnancy are thought to be due to altered ovarian hormone secretions and/or an impaired response to circulating estrogen. It has been suggested that gamma-HCH may block the response of estrogen-dependent tissues to estradiol via an interaction with the estrogen receptor. To test this hypothesis, estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor affinity and number were evaluated in sexually immature, 17 beta-estradiol-3-benzoate (EB)-primed Long Evans female rats following exposure to vehicle or gamma-HCH (40 mg/kg) for 7 days (Study 1) and in adult, ovariectomized EB-primed Long-Evans rats following gavage with vehicle or gamma-HCH (0, 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg) for 5 days (Study 2). Chlordecone (kepone; 40 mg/kg; i.p.) was used in Study 2 as a positive control for the alteration of the estrogen-induction of PR in the pituitary. Neither gamma-HCH nor chlordecone altered serum estradiol concentrations. gamma-HCH did not change the ER number (1, 24, or 30 h after EB) or the estrogen-dependent induction of PR (24 or 48 h after EB) in the hypothalamus (HYP), pituitary, or uterus. These data indicate that the effects of gamma-HCH on the female reproductive system do not involve an alteration in the ER and that heterogeneity exists between target tissues in their response to xenobiotics. JF - Toxicology AU - Laws, S C AU - Carey, S A AU - Hart, D W AU - Cooper, R L AD - Reproduction Toxicology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/09/06/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Sep 06 SP - 127 EP - 142 VL - 92 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Receptors, Progesterone KW - Lindane KW - 59NEE7PCAB KW - Index Medicus KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Cell Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Hypothalamus -- metabolism KW - Ovariectomy KW - Pituitary Gland -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Sexual Maturation KW - Lindane -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Progesterone -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Progesterone -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Estrogens -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76789211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Lindane+does+not+alter+the+estrogen+receptor+or+the+estrogen-dependent+induction+of+progesterone+receptors+in+sexually+immature+or+ovariectomized+adult+rats.&rft.au=Laws%2C+S+C%3BCarey%2C+S+A%3BHart%2C+D+W%3BCooper%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Laws&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-09-06&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-01 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on the correlation between blood cholinesterase inhibition and 'target tissue' inhibition in pesticide-treated rats. AN - 76773463; 7524196 AB - Inhibition of cholinesterase activity in the blood has been proposed as an index of ChE activity in tissues targeted by ChE-inhibiting pesticides, including the muscle end-plate region and the central nervous system (CNS). While opinions vary regarding the utility of blood ChE activity in predicting ChE activity in the target tissues, there appear to be no comprehensive studies designed to assess this possible correlation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. We undertook this type of study by administering a single dose of an organophosphate, chlorpyrifos (0, 30, 60 or 125 mg/kg in corn oil, s.c.) to rats and then sacrificing animals at 1, 4, 7, 21 or 35 days after dosing. Whole blood, plasma, erythrocytes, frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, hypothalamus and diaphragm tissue were collected and assayed for ChE activity. Collapsed across dosages, optimal correlations of blood ChE activity with brain or muscle activity occurred 7-21 days after dosing (when ChE inhibition was maximal and most stable). At all times after dosing, there was a high correlation among ChE activity in the hippocampus, striatum and frontal cortex. Generally, ChE activity in whole blood and erythrocytes correlated better with the activity in brain and muscle than did activity in the plasma (whole blood > or = erythrocytes >> plasma). Similar relationships were also observed in a more abbreviated study using a direct acting organophosphate, paraoxon. ChE activity was determined in blood components, brain and muscle at the time of maximal inhibition (4 h after injection) and during recovery (24 hrs after injection) using two dosage levels (0.17 or 0.34 mg/kg, s.c.). Taken together, these data indicate that the level of ChE activity in the blood may accurately reflect activity in other tissues, but that this correlation is tissue- and time-specific. JF - Toxicology AU - Padilla, S AU - Wilson, V Z AU - Bushnell, P J AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/09/06/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Sep 06 SP - 11 EP - 25 VL - 92 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Paraoxon KW - Q9CX8P80JW KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Animals KW - Erythrocytes -- enzymology KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Biotransformation KW - Paraoxon -- toxicity KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Organ Specificity KW - Muscles -- enzymology KW - Male KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Insecticides -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76773463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Studies+on+the+correlation+between+blood+cholinesterase+inhibition+and+%27target+tissue%27+inhibition+in+pesticide-treated+rats.&rft.au=Padilla%2C+S%3BWilson%2C+V+Z%3BBushnell%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Padilla&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-09-06&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-01 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermoregulation in laboratory mammals and humans exposed to anticholinesterase agents. AN - 77713105; 7845326 AB - The regulation of body temperature is one of many homeostatic functions affected by exposure to anticholinesterase (antiChE) pesticides, and related compounds. In the study of antiChE neurotoxicity, thermoregulatory variables are often used as sensitive physiological indices. Hence, a review on the thermoregulatory aspects of antiChE agents would be useful to researchers in a variety of fields. A reduction in body temperature is a commonly used indicator of antiChE poisoning in laboratory rodents. On the other hand, humans and some other species often shown an elevation in body temperature when exposed to antiChE agents. Hyperthermia has also been noted in animals treated with either low levels of antiChEs or during recovery from high doses of antiChEs. In this review, the literature dealing with the central and peripheral effects of cholinergic agonists and antagonists is reassessed because the thermoregulatory effects of antiChEs are thought to be linked to the activation of cholinergic pathways. This is followed by a thorough review of the studies reporting thermoregulatory responses in laboratory rodents and humans exposed to low and high doses of a variety of antiChE agents, including the organophosphate- (OP) and carbamate- (CB) based pesticides and related drugs. Attention is given to the possible mechanism of action of OPs on thermoregulation in the laboratory rodent including the involvement of behavioral and autonomic processes. The incidence of antiChE-induced hyperthermia (fever) in humans exposed to antiChEs is also addressed. Other topics of antiChE-induced thermoregulatory dysfunction discussed in this review include the role of exercise, heat, and cold stress, tolerance to antiChE agents, and genetic variability. Overall, the mechanism of antiChE-induced changes in body temperature cannot always be explained solely by the immediate consequences of ChE inhibition. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 427 EP - 453 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Animals KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - Exercise -- physiology KW - Acclimatization KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Mammals -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77713105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Thermoregulation+in+laboratory+mammals+and+humans+exposed+to+anticholinesterase+agents.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity and biochemical characterization of rat visceral yolk-sac during gestation with or without trypan blue exposure. AN - 77711867; 7841659 AB - Yolk-sacs from untreated Sprague-Dawley rat conceptuses were removed on gestational days (GD) 9 to 18 and examined for gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) activities. All enzyme activities were found to increase through gestation in total activity as well as in specific activity. Protein (PRO) and urea nitrogen (UN) were also found to increase through gestation whereas triglyceride (TRI) increased steadily from GD 9 to 13 and then appeared to plateau through GD 19. Additional rats were treated on GD 8 with 75 mg trypan blue (TB)/kg body weight and yolk-sacs taken on GD 9 to 18. Yolk-sac GGT and GOT activities from TB-treated rats were significantly higher than the respective controls during early gestation but recovered to or were lower than control levels during midgestation. GGT activity in treated rats was significantly higher than the controls on GD 15 and 16, and both GGT and GOT were significantly lower than controls on GD 17 and 18. AP activity in the TB-treated yolk-sacs was significantly lower than that in controls during early and midgestation but was not significantly different from the control values late in gestation. Triglyceride concentration was not affected early in gestation but significantly decreased on GD 16 and 18. Thus, the yolk-sac enzymes monitored, which are associated with nutrition and normal growth, increased in activity through GD 18. The yolk-sac toxicant, trypan blue, significantly affected enzymatic activity at various time periods during gestation and resulted in significant changes in yolk-sac protein and triglyceride content. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Andrews, J E AU - Ebron-McCoy, M AU - Logsdon, T R AU - Richards, J AU - Rogers, J M AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 405 EP - 410 VL - 8 IS - 5 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Pregnancy Proteins KW - 0 KW - Triglycerides KW - Urea KW - 8W8T17847W KW - L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.14 KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.27 KW - gamma-Glutamyltransferase KW - EC 2.3.2.2 KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases KW - EC 2.6.1.1 KW - Alkaline Phosphatase KW - EC 3.1.3.1 KW - Trypan Blue KW - I2ZWO3LS3M KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange -- drug effects KW - Gestational Age KW - Urea -- analysis KW - Alkaline Phosphatase -- metabolism KW - L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase -- metabolism KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Aspartate Aminotransferases -- metabolism KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Pregnancy Proteins -- drug effects KW - Triglycerides -- metabolism KW - Pregnancy Proteins -- metabolism KW - Female KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase -- metabolism KW - Yolk Sac -- enzymology KW - gamma-Glutamyltransferase -- metabolism KW - Yolk Sac -- drug effects KW - Trypan Blue -- toxicity KW - Trypan Blue -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77711867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Gamma-glutamyl+transferase+%28GGT%29+activity+and+biochemical+characterization+of+rat+visceral+yolk-sac+during+gestation+with+or+without+trypan+blue+exposure.&rft.au=Andrews%2C+J+E%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M%3BLogsdon%2C+T+R%3BRichards%2C+J%3BRogers%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=405&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-09 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dichloroacetic acid and related compounds: induction of prophage in E. coli and mutagenicity and mutation spectra in Salmonella TA100. AN - 77704169; 7837977 AB - We performed three types of studies to evaluate the genotoxicity of the chlorinated organic solvent perchloroethylene (PERC or tetrachloroethylene) and its volatile metabolites, trichloroacetyl chloride (TCAC) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), as well as the volatile metabolites of trichloroethylene, i.e. dichloroacetyl chloride (DCAC), dichloroacetic acid (DCA), and 2,2,2-trichloroethanol (TCE). In the first set of studies, which involved the evaluation of these chemicals in the Microscreen prophage-induction assay, only DCA (+S9) was genotoxic, producing 6.6-7.2 plaque-forming units/mM. This places DCA among the weakest of the > 100 chemicals that have been identified previously as inducers of prophage in this assay. In the second set of studies, which involved the evaluation of these chemicals in the vapor state in Salmonella TA100 using a Tedlar bag vaporization technique, DCA (+/-S9), DCAC (-S9), and TCAC (+/-S9) were mutagenic, producing 3-5x increases in revertants/plate relative to the background. S9 enhanced the mutagenic potency of DCA but had no effect on the mutagenic potency of TCAC. The potencies ranged from 0.7 to 3.9 rev/p.p.m., resulting in a potency ranking of DCA > DCAC approximately TCAC. The lowest effective concentrations were 50-300 p.p.m., which are similar to those for ethylene oxide and epichlorohydrin in this assay. In the third set of studies, the mutation spectra of DCA, DCAC, and TCAC were determined at the base-substitution allele hisG46 of Salmonella TA100. DCA and DCAC induced primarily G.C-->A.T transitions, whereas TCAC induced primarily G.C-->T.A transversions, which was also the predominant mutation among the background revertants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Mutagenesis AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Perry, E AU - Shelton, M L AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 429 EP - 437 VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 0267-8357, 0267-8357 KW - Chloroacetates KW - 0 KW - DNA Primers KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Base Sequence KW - DNA Primers -- genetics KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- pharmacology KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Coliphages -- drug effects KW - Trichloroethylene -- pharmacology KW - Mutagenesis KW - Virus Activation -- drug effects KW - Escherichia coli -- drug effects KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Escherichia coli -- virology KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77704169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Dichloroacetic+acid+and+related+compounds%3A+induction+of+prophage+in+E.+coli+and+mutagenicity+and+mutation+spectra+in+Salmonella+TA100.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BPerry%2C+E%3BShelton%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutagenesis&rft.issn=02678357&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide registration in the United States: overview and new directions. AN - 76912135; 7804650 AB - This paper provides an overview of EPA's pesticide registration program and a discussion of recent activities. The registration of pesticides is the responsibility of the Office of Pesticide Programs, an office of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). EPA's pesticide regulatory authority derives from the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA). FIFRA governs the registration or licensing of pesticide products including insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides, disinfectants, plant growth regulators, and biological agents. FFDCA governs pesticide residue levels in food and feed crops. FIFRA gives EPA authority for registering pesticides to ensure that when used according to label directions, they will not pose unreasonable adverse effects to the environment. FIFRA requires EPA to balance the risks and benefits of a pesticide in deciding whether or not to grant a pesticide registration. In a typical year EPA reviews over 5000 registration submissions that vary from routine label amendments to the review of a new active ingredient. About 20 applications for registration of a new active ingredient are received each year. Registration for a new active ingredient requires a significant investment in time and money by the registrant. Data development for a major agricultural chemical can cost 10 million dollars or more and take several years to complete. EPA is embarking on a number of new initiatives in the registration program designed to reduce the use of chemical pesticides, limit the regulatory burden on lower risk and reduced risk products, and streamline the review process generally. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Culleen, L E AD - Registration Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 291 EP - 299 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Food Additives KW - 0 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Pest Control, Biological -- standards KW - Agriculture -- standards KW - International Cooperation KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Pesticide Residues -- standards KW - Food Supply -- standards KW - Food Additives -- standards KW - Child Welfare KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Registries KW - Environmental Monitoring -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- organization & administration KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- standards KW - Environmental Monitoring -- economics KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Legislation, Drug KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76912135?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=Pesticide+registration+in+the+United+States%3A+overview+and+new+directions.&rft.au=Culleen%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Culleen&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory accreditation. AN - 76911668; 7804643 AB - An investigation of alleged data fraud at a pesticide analytical laboratory led EPA to take a closer look at the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) inspection program. There was special focus on changes which might be made in the program to enhance the chances of detecting fraud in regulated studies. To this end, the Assistant Administrator of the Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances (OPPTS) requested EPA's Office of Inspector General (OIG) to examine the GLP program. Several reports were issued by the OIG, including the recommendation that a laboratory accreditation program be adopted. EPA has been examining ways to implement the OIG's recommendations, including (1) laboratory accreditation consisting of three components: document submission and assessment, site visit and assessment, and proficiency assessment; and (2) mandatory registration of all facilities participating in GLP-regulated studies, based on document submission and assessment. These two alternatives are compared, and the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Bradway, D E AU - Siegelman, F L AD - U.S. EPA, National Enforcement Investigations Center, Denver, Colorado 80225. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 242 EP - 247 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Facility Regulation and Control -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Accreditation -- organization & administration KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- standards KW - Laboratories -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Laboratories -- standards KW - Accreditation -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76911668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=Laboratory+accreditation.&rft.au=Bradway%2C+D+E%3BSiegelman%2C+F+L&rft.aulast=Bradway&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=242&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Worker exposure studies. AN - 76910367; 7804648 AB - The first federal pesticide law was enacted in 1910 and was replaced by a more expansive Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) in 1947. In 1972 the Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act amended the FIFRA from primarily a consumer protection law to a risk/benefit regulation with primary emphases on human and environmental health. "Modern" pesticides were beginning to be developed during World War II. Early attempts to assess human exposure to pesticides seemed to coincide with the development of the organophosphate pesticides in the early to mid 1950s. A continually expanding base of toxicological knowledge has forced increased efforts to refine exposure assessments. Early "patch" dosimeters have evolved to numerous and more refined methods of dosimetry. In addition to studying worker exposure, modern students of pesticide application must also deal with a myriad of situations ranging from field or site reentry to bystander and/or residential exposures. Efforts to standardize pesticide exposure assessments resulted in the 1987 issuance of U.S. EPA Pesticide Assessment Guidelines--Subdivision U--Applicator Exposure Monitoring. In October, 1989 (40 CFR Part 160), the Agency directed that studies initiated on or after that date and submitted in support of pesticide regulation must be conducted under the standards of Good Laboratory Practices. All of these and related factors culminate in the continued development and refinement of methodologies for pesticide exposure assessment. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Dow, M I AD - U.S. EPA (7509C), Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 275 EP - 278 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - History of medicine KW - United States KW - Agriculture KW - History, 20th Century KW - Humans KW - Data Collection KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - Occupational Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Health -- history KW - Pesticides -- history KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76910367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=Worker+exposure+studies.&rft.au=Dow%2C+M+I&rft.aulast=Dow&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent and current EPA good laboratory practice policy issues. AN - 76909042; 7804642 AB - The Policy and Grants Division of the Office of Compliance Monitoring and specifically the Pesticides Enforcement Policy Branch (PEPB) of that division were active in policy issues affecting GLPs throughout the past year. Among the products have been a number of correspondences which have been made available to the regulated community--edited to preserve the confidentiality of persons writing to the agency--as "advisories." In addition, the PEPB actively worked with members of the regulated community to assist in their compliance with the GLPs. These two areas, GLP policy guidance during the last year and compliance-assistance efforts, are discussed below. Note that recently there have been organizational changes at EPA, and policy issues originally covered by the Pesticides Enforcement Policy Branch are now addressed by the new Agriculture Branch of the Agriculture and Ecosystems Division. This division is in the Office of Compliance of the newly formed Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance. This organizational change will not adversely affect EPA responsiveness on GLP policy matters. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Howie, S J AD - Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 237 EP - 241 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Documentation KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - Equipment and Supplies KW - Research Design KW - Facility Regulation and Control -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- standards KW - Health Policy KW - Laboratories -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76909042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=Recent+and+current+EPA+good+laboratory+practice+policy+issues.&rft.au=Howie%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Howie&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy conservation. Green lights: a bright investment in the environment. AN - 76858109; 10138408 JF - California hospitals AU - Stenburg, M AD - EPA, San Francisco. PY - 1994 SP - 27 EP - 28 VL - 8 IS - 5 SN - 0896-2766, 0896-2766 KW - Health administration KW - United States KW - California KW - Cost Savings -- methods KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Power Plants -- standards KW - Power Plants -- economics KW - Lighting -- economics KW - Air Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Conservation of Energy Resources -- methods KW - Maintenance and Engineering, Hospital -- methods KW - Maintenance and Engineering, Hospital -- economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76858109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=California+hospitals&rft.atitle=Energy+conservation.+Green+lights%3A+a+bright+investment+in+the+environment.&rft.au=Stenburg%2C+M&rft.aulast=Stenburg&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=California+hospitals&rft.issn=08962766&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-03 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone dose and effect in humans and rats. A comparison using oxygen-18 labeling and bronchoalveolar lavage. AN - 76710565; 8087337 AB - In an effort to improve risk assessments for ozone (O3) we compared the incorporation of inhaled oxygen-18-labeled O3 (18O3) into the lungs of humans and laboratory rats. Cells and fluids obtainable through bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were examined after exposure to 18O3 to determine whether excess 18O concentrations (presumed to be reaction products of 18O3) could be detected and equated to the O3 dose to the lung. Three O3 effect measurements (increased BAL protein and neutrophils and decreased BAL macrophages) were also made in subjects or animals exposed in parallel to determine whether there was a correspondence between dose and effect measurements. Eight human male volunteers 18 to 35 yr of age were exposed to 18O3 (0.4 ppm for 2 h) with 15-min alternating periods of heavy treadmill exercise and rest. Rats (F344) were exposed identically, except without exercise. 18O3 was generated directly from pure 18O2. BAL cells and centrifugally separable surfactant material were freeze-dried and analyzed by mass spectrometer for excess 18O. Results showed that the exercising humans had four- to fivefold higher 18O concentrations in all of their BAL constituents than did the rats. The humans also had significant increases in all of the effects markers after 0.4 ppm O3, whereas the rats did not. Rats that were exposed to higher concentrations of 18O3 (2.0 ppm) had levels of 18O in BAL that were more comparable to but still lower than those of exercising humans. Changes in all of the effects markers in these rats were comparable or higher than in exercising humans.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Hatch, G E AU - Slade, R AU - Harris, L P AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Devlin, R B AU - Koren, H S AU - Costa, D L AU - McKee, J AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 676 EP - 683 VL - 150 IS - 3 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Oxygen Isotopes KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Animals KW - Oxygen Consumption -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Nasal Lavage Fluid -- chemistry KW - Nasal Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Exercise -- physiology KW - Adult KW - Adolescent KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- chemistry KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Ozone -- toxicity KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76710565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Ozone+dose+and+effect+in+humans+and+rats.+A+comparison+using+oxygen-18+labeling+and+bronchoalveolar+lavage.&rft.au=Hatch%2C+G+E%3BSlade%2C+R%3BHarris%2C+L+P%3BMcDonnell%2C+W+F%3BDevlin%2C+R+B%3BKoren%2C+H+S%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BMcKee%2C+J&rft.aulast=Hatch&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-20 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactive regulation of Ah and glucocorticoid receptors in the synergistic induction of cleft palate by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and hydrocortisone. AN - 76687129; 8079347 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a wide-spread environmental contaminant that produces adverse biological effects including carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, immune dysfunction, hyperkeratosis, hepatotoxicity, thymic involution and teratogenesis. In the mouse embryo, TCDD induces cleft palate and hydronephrosis. Glucocorticoids are endogenous steroid compounds that have an important role in development, but are teratogenic at pharmacological doses. The synthetic glycocorticoid, hydrocortisone (HC), induces cleft plate and a potent, synergistic interaction has been observed between TCDD and HC. Both TCDD and HC act through receptor-mediated mechanisms and each compound has its own receptor, the Ah receptor (AhR) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), respectively. The morphology and etiology of TCDD- and HC-induced clefts are distinctly different, as HC clefting is due to formation of small palatal shelves, while TCDD-treated shelves fail to fuse due to effects on epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. The present study examines the expression of AhR and GR in the embryonic palate following exposure to TCDD, HC, and HC + TCDD. C57BL/6N pregnant mice were treated with HC (25 or 100 mg/kg/day GD10-13, sc), TCDD (3 micrograms/kg/day GD10-13, or 24 micrograms/kg GD10, orally), or HC + TCDD (25 mg/kg/day sc and 3 micrograms/kg/day orally, GD10-13). Craniofacial tissues were collected from the embryos on GD14 and examined for AhR and GR expression using in situ hybridization. Northern blots, and immunohistochemistry. We found that in the embryonic palate exposed to TCDD, the AhR was downregulated and the GR expression increased. Conversely, following HC exposure, the GR was downregulated and AhR levels were elevated. HC + TCDD produced increased expression of both receptors. Effects on AhR appeared to be regulated at the transcriptional level, as both protein and mRNA were altered in similar directions. The observed cross-regulation of the receptors is believed to be important in the synergistic interaction between TCDD and HC for the induction of cleft palate. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Perdew, G H AU - Buckalew, A R AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 138 EP - 150 VL - 128 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - Hydrocortisone KW - WI4X0X7BPJ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Palate -- chemistry KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Pregnancy KW - Palate -- embryology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Down-Regulation -- drug effects KW - Drug Synergism KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Female KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- drug effects KW - Cleft Palate -- chemically induced KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- drug effects KW - Cleft Palate -- pathology KW - Hydrocortisone -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- genetics KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76687129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Interactive+regulation+of+Ah+and+glucocorticoid+receptors+in+the+synergistic+induction+of+cleft+palate+by+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+and+hydrocortisone.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BPerdew%2C+G+H%3BBuckalew%2C+A+R%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of sensitivity analysis to a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for carbon tetrachloride in rats. AN - 76682388; 8079352 AB - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models developed from gas uptake experiments have been used to estimate metabolic parameters for volatile organic compounds. Due to the potential application of PBPK models to estimate metabolic bioactivation constants in humans, it is important to understand the complex nature of these models and the resulting estimates. Adult male F344 rats (165-205 g) were individually exposed to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in gas uptake systems. Three rats at each concentration were exposed for 6 hr to initial concentrations of 25, 100, 250, and 1000 ppm CCl4. Partition coefficient determinations were performed by the vial equilibration technique and used as model inputs. Computer optimizations with the means of each initial chamber concentration at each time point resulted in an estimate of Vmax of 0.11 mg/hr (Vmaxc = 0.37 mg/hr/kg) and Km of 1.3 mg/liter. To determine the effect of individual animal variation in Vmax, optimizations were also performed with the mean +/- SD, resulting in Vmax estimates of 0.09 and 0.12 mg/hr, respectively. Similar analysis resulted in Km estimates of 0.98 and 1.58 mg/liter. The results of the sensitivity analysis were concentration dependent for CCl4. These results show Vmax and Km to be most accurately detected at lower initial chamber concentrations. Results of the sensitivity analysis at the lowest concentration established the following model input hierarchy: blood to air partition > fat partition and fat volume fraction > slowly perfused partition, ventilation rate, cardiac output, fat blood flow percentage > liver blood flow percentage and slowly perfused blood flow percentage. Further sensitivity analysis determined Vmax and Km to be highly correlated when using gas uptake technology and point to the need to an independent estimate for either constant. In summary, the application of sensitivity analysis to PBPK modeling resulted in an increased understanding of factors governing the estimation of metabolic parameters. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Evans, M V AU - Crank, W D AU - Yang, H M AU - Simmons, J E AD - PKB/ETD/HERL United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 36 EP - 44 VL - 128 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Animals KW - Liver -- blood supply KW - Chromatography, Gas KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Random Allocation KW - Regional Blood Flow KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Biotransformation KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Atmosphere Exposure Chambers KW - Male KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- administration & dosage KW - Computer Simulation KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Biological KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76682388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Applications+of+sensitivity+analysis+to+a+physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+model+for+carbon+tetrachloride+in+rats.&rft.au=Evans%2C+M+V%3BCrank%2C+W+D%3BYang%2C+H+M%3BSimmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeochemical research of cold-water travertine in Huanglong-Jiuzhai scenic areas, Sichuan AN - 52828689; 1996-047339 AB - The well-known Huanglong-Jiuzhai scenic spots have developed varieties of typical cold-water karst precipitation landforms. The travertine is well consecutively distributed. It is a natural laboratory for travertine research. This paper, discusses the chemical hydrology, through series of data of hydrogeochemistry, water dynamic condition, flow velocity, algal karstification, by applying hydrochemical model and temperature field model, to investigate the precipitation condition of the travertine in Huanglonggou involving Jiuzhaigou area. JF - Kuangwu Yanshi = Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology AU - Lu, Guoping Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 71 EP - 78 PB - Mineralogical, Petrological and Geochemical Society of Sichuan Province, China, Chengdu VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1001-6872, 1001-6872 KW - Huanglong-Jiuzhai National Park KW - Far East KW - karst hydrology KW - Sichuan China KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - karstification KW - sedimentary rocks KW - travertine KW - carbonate rocks KW - Asia KW - solution features KW - geochemistry KW - China KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52828689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kuangwu+Yanshi+%3D+Journal+of+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.atitle=Hydrogeochemical+research+of+cold-water+travertine+in+Huanglong-Jiuzhai+scenic+areas%2C+Sichuan&rft.au=Lu%2C+Guoping&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Guoping&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Kuangwu+Yanshi+%3D+Journal+of+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.issn=10016872&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by National Geological Library, Beijing, China N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; carbonate rocks; China; Far East; geochemistry; ground water; Huanglong-Jiuzhai National Park; hydrochemistry; karst hydrology; karstification; sedimentary rocks; Sichuan China; solution features; travertine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of cluster and principal component analyses to profile areas in California where ground water has been contaminated by pesticides AN - 50156841; 1995-029397 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Troiano, John AU - Johnson, Bruce R AU - Powell, Sally AU - Schoening, Steve Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 269 EP - 288 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - United States KW - Tulare County California KW - soils KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - climatic controls KW - monitoring KW - principal components analysis KW - Fresno County California KW - pollutants KW - Glenn County California KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - models KW - Central Valley KW - California KW - physical properties KW - detection KW - transport KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - mobility KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50156841?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Use+of+cluster+and+principal+component+analyses+to+profile+areas+in+California+where+ground+water+has+been+contaminated+by+pesticides&rft.au=Troiano%2C+John%3BJohnson%2C+Bruce+R%3BPowell%2C+Sally%3BSchoening%2C+Steve&rft.aulast=Troiano&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; California; Central Valley; climatic controls; detection; Fresno County California; Glenn County California; ground water; land use; leaching; mobility; models; monitoring; pesticides; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; principal components analysis; soils; statistical analysis; transport; Tulare County California; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water quality management in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union AN - 50130057; 1995-050849 JF - Geotimes AU - Hoffer, Ron Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 12 EP - 14 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 39 IS - 9 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - protection KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - water management KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - Eastern Europe KW - possibilities KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Central Europe KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50130057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=Water+quality+management+in+Central+and+Eastern+Europe+and+the+former+Soviet+Union&rft.au=Hoffer%2C+Ron&rft.aulast=Hoffer&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 593 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central Europe; Commonwealth of Independent States; Eastern Europe; Europe; ground water; monitoring; pollution; possibilities; protection; remediation; surface water; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The national sediment inventory; a tool for environmental managers and and decision-makers AN - 50126229; 1995-056387 AB - EPA is nearing completion of a four-year national study to assess the nature, extent, and causes of sediment contamination in the United States. Data collected during the study are being compiled in EPA's National Sediment Inventory. EPA program offices will use the information in the National Sediment Inventory database to target sites for management action including: monitoring, pollution prevention, source control, end dredged material management. As a requirement of the Water Resource Development Act of 1992, EPA will also continue to update and use the National Sediment inventory to prepare a biennial Report to Congress on sediment quality in the United States. This presentation provides an overview of the types of information contained in the National Sediment Inventory, and a discussion of the methodology used to evaluate the data. The presentation also describes the results of a preliminary evaluation of the sediment chemistry and point-source release data contained in the database to identify areas, chemicals, and industries of concern for the nation's aquatic ecosystems. JF - Proceedings - Water Quality Criteria and Standards for the 21st Century ... National Conference AU - Fox, Catherine A AU - Wyer, Gerri Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 4.41 EP - 4.42 PB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - detection limit KW - PCBs KW - watersheds KW - water management KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - ecosystems KW - chemical waste KW - waste management KW - transport KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - hydrology KW - insecticides KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - preventive measures KW - provenance KW - organic compounds KW - DDT KW - industrial waste KW - wind transport KW - pesticides KW - aquatic environment KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50126229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Water+Quality+Criteria+and+Standards+for+the+21st+Century+...+National+Conference&rft.atitle=The+national+sediment+inventory%3B+a+tool+for+environmental+managers+and+and+decision-makers&rft.au=Fox%2C+Catherine+A%3BWyer%2C+Gerri&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=4.41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Water+Quality+Criteria+and+Standards+for+the+21st+Century+...+National+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 4th national conference on Water quality criteria and standards for the 21st century N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C., United States N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03988 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; DDT; detection limit; ecosystems; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrology; industrial waste; insecticides; monitoring; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; PCBs; pesticides; point sources; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; provenance; sediments; transport; waste management; water management; water quality; watersheds; wind transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New ways to evaluate risk; moving beyond chemical toxicity in the water column AN - 50123453; 1995-056384 AB - This session covers background on the traditional Criteria--Standards--TMDL--Permits--Enforcement approach to water quality protection and how it is evolving to address the dispersion of contaminants through different media: water, sediments, air, and tissue. The session provides information on how criteria can be used to address effects from pollutants in media other than the water column and provides approaches on how to use criteria to solve environmental problems. The session will include a review of the environmental gains and benefits of chemical water quality criteria achieved to date and gives insight on how chemical water quality criteria may be developed and applied in the future. JF - Proceedings - Water Quality Criteria and Standards for the 21st Century ... National Conference AU - Leaberry, Amy L AU - Wyer, Gerri Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 1.1 EP - 1.4 PB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC KW - protection KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - ground water KW - detection KW - industrial waste KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50123453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Water+Quality+Criteria+and+Standards+for+the+21st+Century+...+National+Conference&rft.atitle=New+ways+to+evaluate+risk%3B+moving+beyond+chemical+toxicity+in+the+water+column&rft.au=Leaberry%2C+Amy+L%3BWyer%2C+Gerri&rft.aulast=Leaberry&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1.1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Water+Quality+Criteria+and+Standards+for+the+21st+Century+...+National+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 4th national conference on Water quality criteria and standards for the 21st century N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C., United States N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03988 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical waste; detection; ground water; industrial waste; monitoring; policy; pollutants; pollution; protection; risk assessment; surface water; toxic materials; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endocrine effects of prenatal exposure to PCBs, dioxins, and other xenobiotics: implications for policy and future research. AN - 77810434; 7895708 AB - Recent reports have suggested that environmental chemicals may be associated with endocrine alterations in people, wildlife, and experimental animals. Pharmacological investigations as well as natural poisoning episodes have led to the association between exogenous chemicals and alterations in multiple hormonal systems. Persistent environmental contaminants such as dioxins and PCBs have been shown to modulate the activities of several different hormones. The unborn child or the neonate may be at special risk from these chemicals because of rapid growth and development, in addition to enhanced exposure. Because most exposure to these persistent chemicals is via food, changes in dietary habits and/or reduced contamination of the food supply may be required. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 676 EP - 679 VL - 102 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Xenobiotics KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Pesticides -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Endocrine Glands -- drug effects KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Maternal Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Dioxins -- metabolism KW - Dioxins -- adverse effects KW - Fetal Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Xenobiotics -- metabolism KW - Xenobiotics -- adverse effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- adverse effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77810434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Endocrine+effects+of+prenatal+exposure+to+PCBs%2C+dioxins%2C+and+other+xenobiotics%3A+implications+for+policy+and+future+research.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Dec 15;136(12):1423-36 [1288272] Reprod Toxicol. 1993 May-Jun;7(3):237-48 [8318755] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Jul;101 Suppl 2:65-71 [7902273] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Nov;21(4):433-41 [8253297] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1993;23(3):283-335 [8260069] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):372-7 [8119245] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):378-84 [8080506] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):386-7 [8119246] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Nov;101(6):504-8 [8137779] Qual Assur. 1991 Oct;1(1):70-81 [1669971] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Dec;101(7):618-20 [8143594] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1994;24(1):1-74 [8172651] Science. 1975 Dec 5;190(4218):991-2 [242076] N Engl J Med. 1971 Apr 15;284(15):878-81 [5549830] Pharmacol Toxicol. 1991 Dec;69(6):400-9 [1766914] BMJ. 1992 Sep 12;305(6854):609-13 [1393072] JAMA. 1992 Dec 9;268(22):3213-8 [1433761] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):239-48 [2115098] Toxicology. 1990 Apr 30;61(3):249-57 [2109905] J Pediatr. 1990 Jan;116(1):38-45 [2104928] Mol Pharmacol. 1988 Jan;33(1):120-6 [3122017] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Feb;59:5-10 [3921364] Biochem Pharmacol. 1978;27(20):2417-23 [728194] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Monte Carlo simulation for human exposure assessment at a superfund site. AN - 76841638; 7972953 AB - This work presents a comparison of probabilistic and deterministic health risk estimates based on data from an industrial site in the northeastern United States. The risk assessment considered exposures to volatile solvents by drinking water ingestion and showering. Probability densities used as inputs included concentrations, contact rates, and exposure frequencies; dose-response inputs were single values. Deterministic risk estimates were calculated by "reasonable maximum exposure" (RME) approach recommended by the EPA Superfund program. The RME noncarcinogenic risk fell between the 90th and the 95th percentile of the probability density; the RME cancer risk fell between the 95th percentile and the maximum. These results suggest that in this case (1) EPA's deterministic RME risk was reasonably protective, (2) results of probabilistic and deterministic calculations were consistent, and (3) commercially available software Monte Carlo software effectively provided multiple risk estimates recommended by recent EPA guidance. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Smith, R L AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107. Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 433 EP - 439 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Solvents KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Computer Simulation KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - New England KW - Child KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Water Pollution -- analysis KW - Solvents -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Solvents -- adverse effects KW - Carcinogens -- analysis KW - Water Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76841638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Use+of+Monte+Carlo+simulation+for+human+exposure+assessment+at+a+superfund+site.&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-01 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon monoxide exposures inside an automobile traveling on an urban arterial highway. AN - 76732931; 7921891 AB - Carbon monoxide (CO) exposures were measured inside a motor vehicle during 88 standardized drives on a major urban arterial highway, El Camino Real (traffic volume of 30,500-45,000 vehicles per day), over a 13-1/2 month period. On each trip (lasting between 31 and 61 minutes), the test vehicle drove the same 5.9-mile segment of roadway in both directions, for a total of 11.8 miles, passing through 20 intersections with traffic lights (10 in each direction) in three California cities (Menlo Park, Palo Alto, and Los Altos). Earlier tests showed that the test vehicle was free of CO intrusion. For the 88 trips, the mean CO concentration was 9.8 ppm, with a standard deviation of 5.8 ppm. Of nine covariates that were examined to explain the variability in the mean CO exposures observed on the 88 trips (ambient CO at two fixed stations, atmospheric stability, seasonal trend function, time of day, average surrounding vehicle count, trip duration, proportion of time stopped at lights, and instrument type), a fairly strong seasonal trend was found. A model consisting of only a single measure of traffic volume and a seasonal trend component had substantial predictive power (R2 = 0.68); by contrast, the ambient CO levels, although partially correlated with average exposures, contributed comparatively little predictive power to the model. The CO exposures experienced while drivers waited at the red lights at an intersection ranged from 6.8 to 14.9 ppm and differed considerably from intersection to intersection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Air & waste : journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Ott, W AU - Switzer, P AU - Willits, N AD - U.S. EPA, Stanford, CA. Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 1010 EP - 1018 VL - 44 IS - 8 SN - 1073-161X, 1073-161X KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Index Medicus KW - Urban Health KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Time Factors KW - Models, Biological KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Carbon Monoxide -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Automobiles UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76732931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Carbon+monoxide+exposures+inside+an+automobile+traveling+on+an+urban+arterial+highway.&rft.au=Ott%2C+W%3BSwitzer%2C+P%3BWillits%2C+N&rft.aulast=Ott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1010&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=1073161X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-17 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environment-, drug- and stress-induced alterations in body temperature affect the neurotoxicity of substituted amphetamines in the C57BL/6J mouse. AN - 76678844; 8071868 AB - In the companion paper we demonstrated that d-methamphetamine (d-METH), d-methylenedioxyamphetamine (d-MDA) and d-methylenedioxymethamephetamine (d-MDMA), but not d-fenfluramine (d-FEN), appear to damage dopaminergic projections to the striatum of the mouse. An elevation in core temperature also was associated with exposure to d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA, whereas exposure to d-FEN lowered core temperature. Given these findings, we examined the effects of temperature on substituted amphetamine (AMP)-induced neurotoxicity in the C57BL/6J mouse. Levels of striatal dopamine (DA) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were taken as indicators of neurotoxicity. Alterations in ambient temperature, pretreatment with drugs reported to cause hypothermia in the mouse and hypothermia induced by restraint stress were used to affect AMP-induced neurotoxicity. Mice received d-METH (10 mg/kg), d-MDA (20 mg/kg) or d-MDMA (20 mg/kg) every 2 hr for a total of four s.c. injections. All three AMPs increased core temperature and caused large (> 75%) decreases in striatal dopamine and large (> 300%) increases in striatal glial fibrillary acidic protein 72 hr after the last injection. Lowering ambient temperature from 22 degrees C to 15 degrees C blocked (d-MDA and d-MDMA) or severely attenuated (d-METH) these effects. Pretreatment with MK-801 lowered core temperature and blocked AMP-induced neurotoxicity; elevation of ambient temperature during this regimen elevated core temperature and markedly attenuated the neuroprotective effects of MK-801. Pretreatment with MK-801 also lowered core temperature in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice but did not block 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Miller, D B AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 752 EP - 760 VL - 270 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Amphetamines KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- pharmacology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Stress, Physiological KW - Amphetamines -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76678844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Environment-%2C+drug-+and+stress-induced+alterations+in+body+temperature+affect+the+neurotoxicity+of+substituted+amphetamines+in+the+C57BL%2F6J+mouse.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=270&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=752&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-28 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxicity profiles of substituted amphetamines in the C57BL/6J mouse. AN - 76674607; 8071867 AB - Dopaminergic (DA) and serotonergic (5-HT) projections to striatum and cortex have been implicated as the primary targets of substituted amphetamine (AMP)-induced neurotoxicity, largely on the basis of the propensity of these compounds to cause protracted decrements in DA and 5-HT rather than on the basis of AMP-induced alterations of indices linked to neural damage. Moreover, most studies of AMP-induced neurotoxicity, regardless of the endpoints assessed, have been conducted using a rat model; relatively little attention has been focused on the effects of these compounds in the mouse. Here, we evaluated the potential neurotoxic effects of d-methamphetamine (d-METH), d-methylenedioxyamphetamine (d-MDA), d-methylene-dioxymethamphetamine (d-MDMA) and d-fenfluramine (d-FEN) in the C57BL6/J mouse. Astrogliosis, assessed by quantification of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), was taken as the main index of AMP-induced neural damage. A silver degeneration stain also was used to obtain direct evidence of AMP-induced neuronal damage. Assays of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), DA and 5-HT were used to assess effects on DA and 5-HT systems. Mice received d-METH (10 mg/kg), d-MDA (20 mg/kg), d-MDMA (20 mg/kg) or d-FEN (25 mg/kg) every 2 hr for a total of four s.c. injections. d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA caused a large (300%) increase in striatal GFAP that resolved by 3 weeks and a 50 to 75% decrease in TH and DA that did not resolve. d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA also caused fiber and terminal degeneration in striatum as revealed by silver staining. d-FEN did not affect any parameters in striatum. d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA also increased GFAP in cortex, effects that were associated with small (10-25%) and transient decrements in cortical 5-HT. d-FEN caused prolonged (weeks) decrements (20%) in cortical 5-HT but did not affect cortical GFAP. The effects of d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA were stereoselective and were blocked by pretreatment with MK-801. Core temperature was slightly elevated by d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA but was dramatically lowered by d-FEN. The data suggest that d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA, but not d-FEN, produce damage to neural elements of mouse striatum and cortex. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Miller, D B AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 741 EP - 751 VL - 270 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Amphetamines KW - 0 KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Kinetics KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- pharmacology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Amphetamines -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76674607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Neurotoxicity+profiles+of+substituted+amphetamines+in+the+C57BL%2F6J+mouse.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J+P%3BMiller%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=270&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-28 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of Guthion and Guthion 2S to Xenopus laevis embryos. AN - 76657060; 8060170 AB - The development of Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) embryos exposed to the pesticide Guthion (technical grade) and Guthion 2S (commercial formulation) was evaluated in modified Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay--Xenopus (FETAX) tests. The embryos were exposed to five or six increasing concentrations of pesticide in 10- and 100-ml exposure volumes of test solution for 96 h. Embryos exposed in 10-ml volumes of Guthion exhibited increased mortality, increased deformation, and decreased size as compared to those exposed in 100-ml volumes. LC50s for embryos exposed in the 10-ml Guthion tests ranged from 6.1 to 6.3 mg/L as compared to 10.6 to 11.9 mg/L for those in the 100-ml tests. The percentage of deformities at 3 mg/L Guthion in test survivors in 10-ml tests ranged from 73 to 89%, while in the 100-ml tests less than 2% were deformed at the same concentration. Mean control embryo lengths at test completion were 8.2 and 10.6 mm, respectively, for 10- and 100-ml tests. The LC50 for embryos in 100 ml Guthion 2S was 1.6 mg/L active ingredient, indicating a much greater toxicity of the commercial formulation. NOAEL (No Observed Adverse Effect Level) values for Guthion and Guthion 2S ranged from 0.48 to 7.96 mg/L, depending upon basis (length, deformity, mortality) and pesticide formulation, and were many times greater than the existing water quality criterion of 0.01 microgram/L. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Griffis, W L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory, Oregon 97333. Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 250 EP - 255 VL - 27 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Azinphosmethyl KW - 265842EWUV KW - Index Medicus KW - Embryonic Development KW - Xenopus laevis KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Biological Assay KW - Animals, Wild -- abnormalities KW - Azinphosmethyl -- toxicity KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- veterinary KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76657060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+Guthion+and+Guthion+2S+to+Xenopus+laevis+embryos.&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BGriffis%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-14 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhalation studies of the genotoxicity of trichloroethylene to rodents. AN - 76640951; 7519326 AB - Trichloroethylene (TCE) (CAS No. 79-01-6) is an industrial solvent used in degreasing, dry cleaning, and numerous other medical and industrial processes. Controlled inhalation studies were performed using male C57BL/6 mice and CD rats to determine if TCE can induce cytogenetic damage in vivo. Animals were exposed in groups of five to target concentrations of either 0, 5, 500, or 5000 ppm TCE for 6 h. Tissue samples were taken between 18 and 19 h post exposure. Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) in rats and splenocytes in mice were cultured and analyzed for the induction of sister-chromatid exchanges, chromosome aberrations, and micronuclei (MN) in cytochalasin B-blocked binucleated cells. Bone marrow polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) were analyzed for MN. The only positive response observed was for MN in rat bone marrow PCEs. TCE caused a statistically significant increase in MN at all concentrations, inducing an approximate fourfold increase over control levels at 5000 ppm. TCE was also cytotoxic in rats, causing a significant concentration-related decrease in the ratio of PCEs/normochromatic erythrocytes. This study indicates that there may be species-specific cytogenetic effects attributed to TCE inhalation exposure. In follow-up studies, CD rats were exposed for 6 h/day over 4 consecutive days to either 0, 5, 50 or 500 ppm TCE. No statistically significant concentration-related increases in cytogenetic damage were observed. While the MN frequencies in the 4-day study were comparable to those at the equivalent concentrations in the 1-day study, they were not significantly elevated due to an unusually high MN frequency in the controls. A subsequent replication of the 1-day 5000 ppm TCE exposure with rats again showed a highly significant increase in MN frequencies compared to concurrent controls. JF - Mutation research AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Bryant, M F AU - Doerr, C L AU - Erexson, G L AU - Evansky, P A AU - Kwanyuen, P AU - McGee, J K AD - Department of Genetic Toxicology, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27710. Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 87 EP - 96 VL - 322 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective -- drug effects KW - Trichloroethylene -- administration & dosage KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Trichloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76640951?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Inhalation+studies+of+the+genotoxicity+of+trichloroethylene+to+rodents.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BBryant%2C+M+F%3BDoerr%2C+C+L%3BErexson%2C+G+L%3BEvansky%2C+P+A%3BKwanyuen%2C+P%3BMcGee%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=322&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-01 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Classification of depressions in landfill covers using uncalibrated thermal-infrared imagery AN - 52844889; 1996-038092 JF - Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing AU - Stohr, Christopher AU - Darmody, Robert G AU - Frank, Thomas D AU - Elhance, Arun P AU - Lunetta, Ross AU - Worthy, Dorsey AU - O'Connor-Shoresman, K Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 1019 EP - 1028 PB - American Society of Photogrammetry, Falls Church, VA VL - 60 IS - 8 SN - 0099-1112, 0099-1112 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - Illinois KW - geophysical surveys KW - landfills KW - geophysical methods KW - east-central Illinois KW - ecosystems KW - infrared methods KW - surveys KW - aerial photography KW - waste disposal KW - sanitary landfills KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52844889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photogrammetric+Engineering+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Classification+of+depressions+in+landfill+covers+using+uncalibrated+thermal-infrared+imagery&rft.au=Stohr%2C+Christopher%3BDarmody%2C+Robert+G%3BFrank%2C+Thomas+D%3BElhance%2C+Arun+P%3BLunetta%2C+Ross%3BWorthy%2C+Dorsey%3BO%27Connor-Shoresman%2C+K&rft.aulast=Stohr&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1019&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photogrammetric+Engineering+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=00991112&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerial photography; airborne methods; east-central Illinois; ecosystems; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Illinois; imagery; infrared methods; landfills; remote sensing; sanitary landfills; surveys; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using microcosms to assess aeration, cement, and clay mitigation of iron contaminated lake sediments AN - 50095512; 1995-068670 JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering AU - Wan, Ling AU - Morgan, Eric AU - George, Dennis AU - Adams, Dean AU - Berk, Sharon Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 1491 EP - 1506 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York, NY VL - 29 IS - 7 SN - 0360-1226, 0360-1226 KW - United States KW - North America KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - sediment-water interface KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - solutes KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - Appalachians KW - bioremediation KW - Cumberland Plateau KW - iron KW - remediation KW - Fall Creek Lake KW - physical properties KW - metals KW - Tennessee KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - chemical composition KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50095512?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering&rft.atitle=Using+microcosms+to+assess+aeration%2C+cement%2C+and+clay+mitigation+of+iron+contaminated+lake+sediments&rft.au=Wan%2C+Ling%3BMorgan%2C+Eric%3BGeorge%2C+Dennis%3BAdams%2C+Dean%3BBerk%2C+Sharon&rft.aulast=Wan&rft.aufirst=Ling&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering&rft.issn=03601226&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - JESEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Appalachians; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical composition; concentration; Cumberland Plateau; Fall Creek Lake; iron; lacustrine environment; metals; microorganisms; North America; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sediment-water interface; sediments; soil treatment; solutes; Tennessee; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil lead prevalence data AN - 1812214338; 2016-070965 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Brown, Samuel F AU - Clickner, Robert AU - Rogers, John AU - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - ENVR EP - 123 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 208 IS - 1-2 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - metals KW - pollution KW - lead KW - urban environment KW - measurement KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812214338?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Soil+lead+prevalence+data&rft.au=Brown%2C+Samuel+F%3BClickner%2C+Robert%3BRogers%2C+John%3BOteyza%2C+Julian&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Samuel&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=ENVR&rft.isbn=0841228388&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 208th Amrican Chemical Society national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - concentration; lead; measurement; metals; pollutants; pollution; soils; urban environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using theoretical descriptors in structure activity relationships; applications to soil adsorption and transport AN - 1812212206; 2016-071039 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Famini, George R AU - Lipnick, Robert L AU - White, William E AU - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - GEOC EP - 65 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 208 IS - 1-2 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - organic compounds KW - factors KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - pollutants KW - mathematical methods KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812212206?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Using+theoretical+descriptors+in+structure+activity+relationships%3B+applications+to+soil+adsorption+and+transport&rft.au=Famini%2C+George+R%3BLipnick%2C+Robert+L%3BWhite%2C+William+E%3BOteyza%2C+Julian&rft.aulast=Famini&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=GEOC&rft.isbn=0841228388&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 208th Amrican Chemical Society national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; chemical reactions; factors; mathematical methods; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; soils; solute transport; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative mass spectral analysis of petroleum hydrocarbons during biodegradation AN - 1812212085; 2016-071080 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Kadkhodayan, Miryam AU - Henry, Charles B, Jr AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - GEOC EP - 109 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 208 IS - 1-2 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - biodegradation KW - sorption KW - asphalt KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - biomarkers KW - bitumens KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - quantitative analysis KW - precipitation KW - hydrocarbons KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1812212085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Quantitative+mass+spectral+analysis+of+petroleum+hydrocarbons+during+biodegradation&rft.au=Kadkhodayan%2C+Miryam%3BHenry%2C+Charles+B%2C+Jr%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BOteyza%2C+Julian&rft.aulast=Kadkhodayan&rft.aufirst=Miryam&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=208&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=GEOC&rft.isbn=0841228388&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 208th Amrican Chemical Society national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2016-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2016-08-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asphalt; biodegradation; biomarkers; bitumens; chemical reactions; hydrocarbons; mass spectra; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; quantitative analysis; reduction; sorption; spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing water quality in distribution systems: simulating TTHM and chlorine residual propagation TT - Gestion de la qualite de l'eau dans les reseaux de distribution: simulation de la propagation des TTHM et du chlore residuel AN - 16269149; 4249603 AB - The Safe Drinking Water Act and its Amendments are posing a major challenge to drinking water utilities in the United States. Utilities are being forced to find a balance between minimising the formation of disinfection by-products while at the same time providing protection against microbial contamination. Utilities must also provide sufficient quantities of water to satisfy consumer demands and fire safety requirements. At times, quality and quantity demands may conflict, and a utility may be required to use sources of marginal quality which makes achieving these goals even more difficult. That has been the situation in which the North Marin Water District in California, has found itself and which has led to the utilities' desire to develop and calibrate a water quality model. The model simulated the propagation of Total Trihalomethanes and chlorine residuals in the North Marin Water District (NMWD) distribution system. It was used to evaluate strategies for minimising TTHM formation while maintaining adequate chlorine residuals in the system. JF - AQUA AU - Clark, R M AU - Smalley, G AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Tull, R AU - Rossman, LA AU - Vasconcelos, J J AU - Boulos, P P AD - Drinking Water Research Division, Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - Aug 1994 SP - 182 EP - 191 VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0003-7214, 0003-7214 KW - USA KW - USA, California KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16269149?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AQUA&rft.atitle=Managing+water+quality+in+distribution+systems%3A+simulating+TTHM+and+chlorine+residual+propagation&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BSmalley%2C+G%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BTull%2C+R%3BRossman%2C+LA%3BVasconcelos%2C+J+J%3BBoulos%2C+P+P&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=182&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AQUA&rft.issn=00037214&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioactive waste disposal; an environmental perspective AN - 1287376546; 2013-018312 JF - Publication - EPA Office of Radiation and Indoor Air Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 12 PB - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Radiation and Indoor Air, Washington, DC KW - United States KW - mining KW - mine waste KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - metals KW - underground installations KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - tailings KW - actinides KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1287376546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Radioactive+waste+disposal%3B+an+environmental+perspective&rft.title=Radioactive+waste+disposal%3B+an+environmental+perspective&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-14 N1 - CODEN - #07691 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; environmental effects; metals; mine waste; mining; pollution; radioactive waste; site exploration; tailings; underground installations; underground storage; United States; uranium; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Issues in regulatory protection of reproductive health in the workplace. AN - 77691581; 7831587 AB - Provisions of federal laws that protect reproductive health in the workplace and information on recent federal actions that seek to enhance such protection are reviewed. California's Birth Defects Prevention Act and its Proposition 65, regulatory programs that specifically address reproductive toxicity, also are described. JF - Occupational medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) AU - Golub, M S AU - Chernoff, G F AD - Reproductive and Cancer Hazard Assessment Section, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 95814. PY - 1994 SP - 373 EP - 386 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0885-114X, 0885-114X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - California KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Women, Working KW - Women's Health KW - Humans KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- prevention & control KW - Maternal Exposure KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Pregnancy KW - Occupational Health -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Reproduction -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77691581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.atitle=Issues+in+regulatory+protection+of+reproductive+health+in+the+workplace.&rft.au=Golub%2C+M+S%3BChernoff%2C+G+F&rft.aulast=Golub&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.issn=0885114X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-17 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment core versus grab samples: evaluation of contamination and toxicity at a DDT-contaminated site. AN - 76806496; 7525217 AB - Four sites from a stream system near Huntsville, Alabama, contaminated with DDT and its metabolites, were sampled using a coring device. Grab samples were also collected at these and five other sites. Analytical and toxicological evaluations were made on both sets of samples. Core samples provided vertical delineation of toxicity and contamination in sediments, and documented periods of sedimentation with clean material, which appears to be isolating the contaminated sediments from benthic communities. Grab samples yielded less information about the sites. Relationships between DDT concentration and sediment toxicity to Chironomus tentans were similar regardless of the sampling method. Substantial increases in toxicity occurred in most samples when concentrations exceeded 3000 micrograms of DDT residue/g organic carbon. JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - West, C W AU - Phipps, G L AU - Hoke, R A AU - Goldenstein, T A AU - VanderMeiden, F M AU - Kosian, P A AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Duluth, Minnesota 55804. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 208 EP - 220 VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene KW - 4M7FS82U08 KW - DDT KW - CIW5S16655 KW - Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane KW - V14159DF29 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chironomidae KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- analysis KW - Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane -- analysis KW - Chromatography, Gas KW - Isomerism KW - Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethane -- toxicity KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- toxicity KW - Alabama KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - DDT -- toxicity KW - DDT -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76806496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=Sediment+core+versus+grab+samples%3A+evaluation+of+contamination+and+toxicity+at+a+DDT-contaminated+site.&rft.au=West%2C+C+W%3BPhipps%2C+G+L%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BGoldenstein%2C+T+A%3BVanderMeiden%2C+F+M%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-27 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maternal toxicity and the identification of inorganic arsenic as a developmental toxicant. AN - 76798011; 7949754 AB - Assessment of the potential developmental toxicity of arsenic in humans must be based entirely on the extensive animal literature; no appropriate human data are available. Hazard identification of developmental toxicity of arsenic in animal studies is complicated by the co-occurrence of maternal and developmental toxicity when the pregnant dam is exposed to the toxicant. Current regulatory guidance requires that, when maternal and developmental toxicity occur at the same or similar doses, detailed consideration needs to be given to whether developmental toxicity is secondary to maternal toxicity or whether it represents a distinct hazard. In this review, these principles were applied to the relatively large database of animal studies available for hazard identification of inorganic arsenic as a developmental toxicant. It is concluded that maternal and developmental toxicity occur in the same dose range for this potent cytotoxicant, although differential no observed adverse effect levels can be identified depending on the endpoints used. Various evidence from the basic science literature indicates that developmental toxicity is not secondary to maternal toxicity. Current regulatory guidance falls short of defining effective approaches to resolving the difficulties posed by co-occurrence of maternal and developmental toxicity. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Golub, M S AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 94234-7320. PY - 1994 SP - 283 EP - 295 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Arsenic -- analysis KW - Arsenic -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76798011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Maternal+toxicity+and+the+identification+of+inorganic+arsenic+as+a+developmental+toxicant.&rft.au=Golub%2C+M+S&rft.aulast=Golub&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chloroethylmethanesulfonate-induced effects on the epididymis seem unrelated to altered Leydig cell function. AN - 76737575; 7918878 AB - Decades ago it was reported that when male rats were exposed to chloroethylmethanesulfonate (CEMS) for 5 days prior to weekly matings with untreated females, the second mating resulted in reduced litter size. Since fertility was not assessed at earlier time points, it was not possible to determine whether CEMS exerted any effects on sperm in the epididymis. In this study, we used a 4-day exposure and assessed multiple reproductive endpoints on Day 5 to characterize effects of CEMS exposure (6.25-25 mg/kg) on Leydig cells and the epididymis. Exposure to CEMS caused a dose-related decline in serum testosterone (T) levels. This occurred at a dose lower than that required to decrease T production in vitro by testicular parenchyma. The in vitro decline was not attributed to a decrease in maximal hCG-stimulated T production, but to a decrease in unstimulated T production. CEMS was 5-fold less sensitive than ethane dimethanesulfonate (EDS) in reducing maximal hCG-stimulated T production. To control for alterations in the epididymis resulting from decreased serum T alone, T was implanted in CEMS-treated animals to maintain serum T at a concentration similar to that found in normal rats. This exogenous T failed to prevent the CEMS-induced decrease in the weight of the caput/corpus epididymidis but did prevent the CEMS-induced decrease in seminal vesicle weight. Implantation of T failed to prevent the CEMS-induced reduction in sperm reserves in the cauda epididymidis, and it failed to prevent the CEMS-induced alterations in the histology of both the corpus and proximal cauda epididymidis. The height of the epithelium in both of these regions was increased, and clear cells disappeared from the proximal cauda epididymidis. These results demonstrate that CEMS might alter the ability of the Leydig cell to respond to LH stimulation in vivo, and that alterations in the structure and function of the epididymis occur even when the serum concentration of T is maintained. JF - Biology of reproduction AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Laskey, J W AU - Kelce, W R AU - Ferrell, J AU - Roberts, N L AU - Suarez, J D AU - Slott, V AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Developmental Toxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 82 EP - 91 VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0006-3363, 0006-3363 KW - Alkanesulfonates KW - 0 KW - Alkylating Agents KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin KW - Mesylates KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - ethylene dimethanesulfonate KW - EW8V7BJ66Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- pharmacology KW - Epithelium -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin -- pharmacology KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Epithelium -- physiology KW - Lysosomes -- ultrastructure KW - Epithelium -- ultrastructure KW - Male KW - Mesylates -- pharmacology KW - Leydig Cells -- physiology KW - Epididymis -- physiology KW - Alkylating Agents -- pharmacology KW - Alkanesulfonates -- administration & dosage KW - Epididymis -- drug effects KW - Leydig Cells -- drug effects KW - Epididymis -- ultrastructure KW - Alkanesulfonates -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76737575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biology+of+reproduction&rft.atitle=Chloroethylmethanesulfonate-induced+effects+on+the+epididymis+seem+unrelated+to+altered+Leydig+cell+function.&rft.au=Klinefelter%2C+G+R%3BLaskey%2C+J+W%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BFerrell%2C+J%3BRoberts%2C+N+L%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BSlott%2C+V&rft.aulast=Klinefelter&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=82&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biology+of+reproduction&rft.issn=00063363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metabolic and thermoregulatory responses of the rat maintained in acrylic or wire-screen cages: implications for pharmacological studies. AN - 76712454; 7916156 AB - Because of differences in thermal conductivity, it is likely that a rodent's thermoregulatory requirements and their response to drugs and other stimuli will vary in metal and acrylic cages. To address these issues, thermoregulatory responses were measured in rats housed in an environmental chamber with a floor made of either solid metal (aluminum) or acrylic materials (Plexiglas). Metabolic rate (M), evaporative water loss (E), thermal conductance (C), and tail skin (Tsk) and core temperature (Tc) were measured at ambient temperatures (Ta) of 10, 20, 28, 30, 32, and 34 degrees C. These thermoregulatory variables were essentially unaffected by floor type at Tas of 20 and 28 degrees C. The acrylic floor showed greater increases in M, E, Tc, and Tsk, but a smaller elevation in C as Ta increased from 28 to 34 degrees C. At a Ta of 10 degrees C, rats on the acrylic floor had a smaller M compared to that measured on the metal floor. Rats were then injected with saline or 30 mg/kg (SC) of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and placed in an acrylic cage with wood chip bedding or a wire-screen cage at a Ta of 20 degrees C. The MDMA caused Tc to increase > 2.0 degrees C in rats in the acrylic cage but had no effect on Tc of rats in the wire-screen cage. The marked effect of cage type on basal thermoregulatory processes and thermogenic response to MDMA should be useful in the design and interpretation of many pharmacological studies. JF - Physiology & behavior AU - Gordon, C J AU - Fogelson, L AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 73 EP - 79 VL - 56 IS - 1 SN - 0031-9384, 0031-9384 KW - Methylmethacrylates KW - 0 KW - Stainless Steel KW - 12597-68-1 KW - Methylmethacrylate KW - 196OC77688 KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine KW - 4764-17-4 KW - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine KW - KE1SEN21RM KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Water Loss, Insensible -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Energy Metabolism -- drug effects KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Housing, Animal KW - Acclimatization -- drug effects KW - 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76712454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiology+%26+behavior&rft.atitle=Metabolic+and+thermoregulatory+responses+of+the+rat+maintained+in+acrylic+or+wire-screen+cages%3A+implications+for+pharmacological+studies.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BFogelson%2C+L&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiology+%26+behavior&rft.issn=00319384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-11 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influenza virus host resistance models in mice and rats: utilization for immune function assessment and immunotoxicology. AN - 76652489; 8059441 AB - Each year influenza viruses are responsible for epidemic respiratory diseases with excess morbidity and mortality. The severity of influenza diseases ranges from mild upper respiratory tract infections to severe lower respiratory tract infections involving pneumonia, bronchiolitis and coincidental bacterial super-infections. The immune response to influenza viruses can be schematically divided into a cascade of non-specific and specific functions. These functions are involved at different well defined time points after infection. We describe in this manuscript three influenza models utilized in our laboratory: (i) a highly virulent influenza virus (influenza A/Hong Kong/8/68 (H3N2) virus) adapted to B6C3F1 mice, (ii) a mouse-adapted influenza A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2) virus, and (iii) a rat-adapted influenza virus (RAIV) model (influenza A/Port Chalmers/1/73 (H3N2)). This rat-adapted influenza model has been mainly utilized as a model to assess local immunotoxic effects of inhaled environmental pollutants such as phosgene. These host resistance models are also useful for assessing the effect of systemically-induced immunosuppression or immunomodulation by drugs or chemicals on the local pulmonary immune response to influenza virus. The comparison of these different models allowed two major conclusions: (a) viral replication and mortality are two different endpoints and are not necessarily linked (no mortality was observed with Port Chalmers virus in the mouse although the virus replicates to high titers in the lung with a kinetic pattern comparable to the one obtained with Hong Kong virus), (b) mortality, viral replication, and immune function assessment are different endpoints that can be used, depending on the question addressed. JF - Toxicology AU - Lebrec, H AU - Burleson, G R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/07/01/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Jul 01 SP - 179 EP - 188 VL - 91 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Index Medicus KW - Virus Replication KW - Animals KW - Viral Plaque Assay KW - Kinetics KW - Antibody Formation KW - Species Specificity KW - Rats KW - Influenza A virus -- physiology KW - Influenza A virus -- growth & development KW - Influenza A virus -- immunology KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Mice KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76652489?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Influenza+virus+host+resistance+models+in+mice+and+rats%3A+utilization+for+immune+function+assessment+and+immunotoxicology.&rft.au=Lebrec%2C+H%3BBurleson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Lebrec&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=91&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-15 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 24-hour control of body temperature in rats. I. Integration of behavioral and autonomic effectors. AN - 76625259; 8048648 AB - Some studies suggest that the nocturnal elevation in core temperature (Tc) of the rat is mediated by an elevation in the set point. The role of set point can be assessed if behavioral effectors are measured simultaneously with other thermoregulatory effectors and Tc over a 24-h period. Selected ambient temperature (STa) and motor activity (MA) were measured in rats housed in a temperature gradient system with a 12:12-h photoperiod (lights on 0600 h). Tc and heart rate (HR) were monitored by telemetry. During the light phase, STa, Tc, HR, and MA were relatively stable with values 29.0 degrees C, 37.1 degrees C, 310 beats/min, and 1-2 m/h, respectively. During the light-to-dark transition there were abrupt elevations in Tc, HR, and MA but no change in STa. STa decreased during the dark phase and reached a nadir of 23 degrees C at 0500 h. All variables recovered to basal levels within 3-4 h after the onset of the light phase. Overall, autonomic effectors control the elevation in Tc during the onset of the dark phase while behavioral effectors have little if any role. Behavioral thermoregulation is important in two ways: 1) the selection of cooler Ta values at night to prevent an excess elevation in Tc and 2) a preference for cooler Ta values before the light phase to facilitate the recovery of Tc. JF - The American journal of physiology AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - R71 EP - R77 VL - 267 IS - 1 Pt 2 SN - 0002-9513, 0002-9513 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Heart Rate KW - Telemetry KW - Motor Activity KW - Temperature KW - Male KW - Circadian Rhythm KW - Body Temperature KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- physiology KW - Behavior, Animal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76625259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=24-hour+control+of+body+temperature+in+rats.+I.+Integration+of+behavioral+and+autonomic+effectors.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=267&rft.issue=1+Pt+2&rft.spage=R71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=00029513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-01 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of chemical residues in aquatic organisms for a field discharge situation. AN - 76611794; 8044630 AB - A field study was performed which compared predicted and measured concentrations of chemicals in receiving water organisms from three sampling locations on Five Mile Creek, Birmingham, Al. Two point source discharges, both from coke manufacturing facilities, were included in the field site and five chemicals were studied, i.e., biphenyl, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, and pyrene. Composite samples of effluent, receiving water organisms, crayfish (Decapoda) and sunfish (Lepomis sp.), and stream and discharge flow data were collected in March and April 1990. For the crayfish and sunfish, the measured residues were within a factor of 5 for 80% (12 of 15) and 53% (8 of 15) of the residues predicted using EPA's draft procedure (US-EPA 199 lb), respectively, and were within a factor of 5 for 60% (9 of 15) and 40% (6 of 15) of the residues predicted using EPA's procedure with a BCF set equal to the chemical's Kow (after adjustment for lipid content of the organism), respectively. The predicted residues tended to be larger than the measured residues and with increasing Kow, greater disagreement between the predicted and measured values was observed. JF - Chemosphere AU - Burkhard, L P AU - Sheedy, B R AU - McCauley, D J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory--Duluth, Minnesota 55804. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 141 EP - 153 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Anthracenes KW - 0 KW - Biphenyl Compounds KW - Coke KW - Fluorenes KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - Industrial Waste KW - Phenanthrenes KW - Pyrenes KW - Water Pollutants KW - diphenyl KW - 2L9GJK6MGN KW - fluoranthene KW - 360UOL779Z KW - phenanthrene KW - 448J8E5BST KW - pyrene KW - 9E0T7WFW93 KW - anthracene KW - EH46A1TLD7 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Regression Analysis KW - Pyrenes -- analysis KW - Phenanthrenes -- analysis KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Fluorenes -- analysis KW - Fresh Water KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- analysis KW - Biphenyl Compounds -- analysis KW - Anthracenes -- analysis KW - Alabama KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Perciformes -- metabolism KW - Astacoidea -- metabolism KW - Industrial Waste -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76611794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+chemical+residues+in+aquatic+organisms+for+a+field+discharge+situation.&rft.au=Burkhard%2C+L+P%3BSheedy%2C+B+R%3BMcCauley%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Burkhard&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-01 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of DNA adducts in rat lung following chronic inhalation of diesel emissions, carbon black and titanium dioxide particles. AN - 76601313; 7518360 AB - Exposure of rats to diesel emissions results in the development of lung tumors. The objective of this study was to determine whether the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), nitro-PAHs or other polycyclic organic matter adsorbed to diesel particles induces the formation of DNA adducts in the lung when compared to particles with little or no adsorbed organic matter. Rats were exposed to diesel emissions containing particles with over 30% solvent-extractable adsorbed organic matter and to particles with < 0.1% adsorbed organic matter (carbon black particles and TiO2). Wistar rats were exposed to diesel emissions (7.5 mg/m3) for 2 months, 6 months and 2 years and for 2 years to carbon black (11.3 mg/m3) and TiO2 particles (10.4 mg/m3) to compare tumorigenic response and DNA adduct formation in the lung. Two versions of the 32P-postlabeling assay for the detection of DNA adducts were used to tentatively identify nitrated-amine or arylamine adducts formed relative to other nitro PAH based on the demonstrated sensitivity of these adducts to nuclease P1 treatment. Total adduct levels were determined for peripheral lung tissue DNA as detected in a diagonal radioactive zone. One major adduct which migrated outside this region (adduct 1) and a nuclease P1-sensitive adduct (adduct 2) were quantitated separately. Adduct 1 increased significantly over time in the filtered air exposed animals but decreased markedly at the 2 year time points regardless of particle type, presumably as a result of adduct dilution through de novo cell synthesis or cell proliferation invoked in response to particle loading and/or effect on the endogenous synthesis or degradation of DNA reactive moieties. The nuclease sensitive adduct (adduct 2), possibly resulting from exposure to nitro-PAHs, was detected in diesel-exposed rats but was not detected in the rats exposed to TiO2 and carbon black. No significant elevation in PAH-derived adducts, relative to the filtered air controls, was observed in the rodents exposed to diesel emission. Our data suggest that long-term contact with these particles may result in a cell proliferative response, enhanced degradation of I-compounds not related to cell proliferation, and/or synthesis of I-compounds, irrespective of the differences in organic content associated with the three particle types. This response may be an important factor in explaining the reported similarity in tumorigenic response in rodents exposed to diesel emissions, carbon black and TiO2 particles. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Gallagher, J AU - Heinrich, U AU - George, M AU - Hendee, L AU - Phillips, D H AU - Lewtas, J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 1291 EP - 1299 VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - 0 KW - titanium dioxide KW - 15FIX9V2JP KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Titanium KW - D1JT611TNE KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Female KW - Titanium -- toxicity KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Carbon -- toxicity KW - Vehicle Emissions -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76601313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Formation+of+DNA+adducts+in+rat+lung+following+chronic+inhalation+of+diesel+emissions%2C+carbon+black+and+titanium+dioxide+particles.&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+J%3BHeinrich%2C+U%3BGeorge%2C+M%3BHendee%2C+L%3BPhillips%2C+D+H%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-17 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Repeated inhibition of cholinesterase by chlorpyrifos in rats: behavioral, neurochemical and pharmacological indices of tolerance. AN - 76598169; 7518512 AB - Previous work from this laboratory showed that daily s.c. injections of the organophosphate diisopropylfluorophosphate caused prolonged inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) activity in whole blood and brain and downregulation of muscarinic receptors in the central nervous system; these changes were accompanied by progressive, persistent deterioration of working memory and motor function. Further, a single s.c. injection of the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos (O,O',-diethyl O-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridyl phosphorothionate, CPF), caused neurochemical changes of the same magnitude and duration, but transient impairment of working memory and motor slowing. In the present study, weekly injections of CPF (0, 15, 30 or 60 mg/kg s.c.) inhibited ChE activity in whole blood of rats by 60% to 90% after 5 weeks; the highest dose also induced tremor, working memory impairment and motor slowing in daily delayed matching-to-position/visual discrimination tests. Reducing the CPF injection frequency to every other week relieved the inhibition of whole blood ChE activity (to 50%-75% of control) and ameliorated all the behavioral deficits. Reinstatement of weekly CPF injections (0, 15, 30, or 45 mg/kg) for 10 weeks inhibited whole blood ChE activity by 75% to 90%. Tremor was not observed during this period; however, motor slowing and working memory impairment persisted throughout the dosing period in all treated groups. Pharmacological evidence for tolerance to the muscarinic effects of CPF was observed on trial completion in the daily delayed matching-to-position/visual discrimination task: CPF-treated rats were supersensitive to scopolamine and subsensitive to pilocarpine. Nicotine reversed the reduction in trial completion associated with CPF. Changes in sensitivity to mecamylamine, d-amphetamine and haloperidol were not observed. Taken together, these studies indicate that inhibition of ChE activity by repeated injection of CPF produces a constellation of behavioral effects not evident after a single CPF treatment, even though both treatment regimens caused prolonged inhibition of ChE activity and downregulation of central muscarinic receptors. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Kelly, K L AU - Ward, T R AD - Neurotoxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 15 EP - 25 VL - 270 IS - 1 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - Oxotremorine KW - 5RY0UWH1JL KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate KW - 6581-06-2 KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Discrimination Learning -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Oxotremorine -- pharmacology KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Memory -- drug effects KW - Conditioning, Classical -- drug effects KW - Visual Perception -- drug effects KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Down-Regulation -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- physiology KW - Male KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- metabolism KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76598169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Repeated+inhibition+of+cholinesterase+by+chlorpyrifos+in+rats%3A+behavioral%2C+neurochemical+and+pharmacological+indices+of+tolerance.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BKelly%2C+K+L%3BWard%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=270&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-15 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Infectivity and teratogenicity of Beauveria bassiana in Menidia beryllina embryos. AN - 76585239; 8024326 AB - Developing embryos of the inland silverside fish, Menidia beryllina, were exposed to conidiospores of the insect pathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana, that possessed activity against the migratory grasshopper, Melanoplus sanguinipes. Various adverse effects were observed in Menidia beryllina embryos and larvae. They included rupture of the chorion, embryo death, developmental defects (vertebral abnormalities) in the embryo or hatched larvae, and fungal infections on the mandibles of larvae. Although there was little evidence of a definitive dose-response trend based on densities of viable conidiospores, statistically significant (p < or = 0.01) responses were observed in tests in which conidiospore densities were as low as 7.1 x 10(3)/ml and as high as 1.3 x 10(6)/ml. Viable spores were required for adverse effects to occur; heat-killed spores failed to cause significant adverse effects. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Genthner, F J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 95 EP - 102 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Female KW - Fishes -- embryology KW - Mitosporic Fungi -- pathogenicity KW - Congenital Abnormalities -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76585239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Infectivity+and+teratogenicity+of+Beauveria+bassiana+in+Menidia+beryllina+embryos.&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BGenthner%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-04 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotransformation of benzothiophene by isopropylbenzene-degrading bacteria. AN - 76581441; 8021182 AB - Isopropylbenzene-degrading bacteria, including Pseudomonas putida RE204, transform benzothiophene to a mixture of compounds. Induced strain RE204 and a number of its Tn5 mutant derivatives were used to accumulate these compounds and their precursors from benzothiophene. These metabolites were subsequently identified by 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. When strain RE204 was incubated with benzothiophene, it produced a bright yellow compound, identified as trans-4-[3-hydroxy-2-thienyl]-2-oxobut-3-enoate, formed by the rearrangement of cis-4-(3-keto-2,3-dihydrothienyl)-2-hydroxybuta-2,4-dieno ate, the product of 3-isopropylcatechol-2,3-dioxygenase-catalyzed ring cleavage of 4,5-dihydroxybenzothiophene, as well as 2-mercaptophenylglyoxalate and 2'-mercaptomandelaldehyde. A dihydrodiol dehydrogenase-deficient mutant, strain RE213, converted benzothiophene to cis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydrobenzothiophene and 2'-mercaptomandelaldehyde; neither trans-4-[3-hydroxy-2-thienyl]-2-oxobut-3-enoate nor 2-mercaptophenylglyoxalate was detected. Cell extracts of strain RE204 catalyzed the conversion of cis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydrobenzothiophene to trans-4-[3-hydroxy-2-thienyl]-2-oxobut-3-enoate in the presence of NAD+. Under the same conditions, extracts of the 3-isopropylcatechol-2,3-dioxygenase-deficient mutant RE215 acted on cis-4,5-dihydroxy-4,5-dihydrobenzothiophene, forming 4,5-dihydroxybenzothiophene. These data indicate that oxidation of benzothiophene by strain RE204 is initiated at either ring. Transformation initiated at the 4,5 position on the benzene ring proceeds by three enzyme-catalyzed reactions through ring cleavage. The sequence of events that occurs following attack at the 2,3 position of the thiophene ring is less clear, but it is proposed that 2,3 dioxygenation yields a product that is both a cis-dihydrodiol and a thiohemiacetal, which as a result of this structure undergoes two competing reactions: either spontaneous opening of the ring, yielding 2'-mercaptomandelaldehyde, or oxidation by the dihydrodiol dehydrogenase to another thiohemiacetal, 2-hydroxy-3-oxo-2,3-dihydrobenzothiophene, which is not a substrate for the ring cleavage dioxygenase but which spontaneously opens to form 2-mercaptophenylglyoxaldehyde and subsequently 2-mercaptophenylglyoxalate. The yellow product, trans-4-[3-hydroxy-2-thienyl]-2-oxobut-3-enoate, is a structural analog of trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate, an intermediate of the naphthalene catabolic pathway; extracts of recombinant bacteria containing trans-o-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate hydratase-aldolase catalyzed the conversion of trans-4-[3-hydroxy-2-thienyl]-2-oxobut-3-enoate to 3-hydroxythiophene-2-carboxaldehyde, which could then be further acted on, in the presence of NAD+, by extracts of recombinant bacteria containing the subsequent enzyme of the naphthalene pathway, salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase. JF - Journal of bacteriology AU - Eaton, R W AU - Nitterauer, J D AD - Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 3992 EP - 4002 VL - 176 IS - 13 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - Benzene Derivatives KW - 0 KW - Thiophenes KW - benzothiophene KW - 073790YQ2G KW - cumene KW - 8Q54S3XE7K KW - Aldehyde Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.2.- KW - salicylaldehyde dehydrogenase KW - Hydro-Lyases KW - EC 4.2.1.- KW - trans-2-hydroxybenzylidenepyruvate hydratase-aldolase KW - Index Medicus KW - Aldehyde Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Hydro-Lyases -- metabolism KW - Pseudomonas putida -- metabolism KW - Thiophenes -- metabolism KW - Benzene Derivatives -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76581441?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.atitle=Biotransformation+of+benzothiophene+by+isopropylbenzene-degrading+bacteria.&rft.au=Eaton%2C+R+W%3BNitterauer%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=176&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=3992&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-29 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Chromatogr. 1967 May;28(1):12-20 [6048432] Biochem J. 1969 Mar;112(1):12P-13P [5774492] Arch Biochem Biophys. 1971 Jan;142(1):394-6 [5545490] Appl Microbiol. 1975 Jun;29(6):722-5 [808164] J Bacteriol. 1977 Mar;129(3):1356-64 [845117] Jpn J Antibiot. 1977 Dec;30 Suppl:275-85 [612708] J Bacteriol. 1992 Dec;174(23):7542-54 [1447127] Gene. 1985;33(1):103-19 [2985470] J Bacteriol. 1986 Oct;168(1):123-31 [3019995] J Gen Microbiol. 1987 Sep;133(9):2473-6 [3448154] Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1990 Mar;32(6):715-20 [1366542] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 May;57(5):1277-85 [1854192] J Bacteriol. 1982 Jul;151(1):48-57 [7085570] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - N-nitrosodiethylamine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone induced morphological transformation of C3H/10T1/2CL8 cells expressing human cytochrome P450 2A6. AN - 76575131; 8022436 AB - Transfection of specific genes into cells capable of expressing chemically induced morphological cell transformation provides a valuable approach to study the mechanisms of action of carcinogens. A human cytochrome P450 isozyme, CYP2A6, has been successfully expressed from a retroviral vector in transformable C3H/10T1/2 (10T1/2) mouse embryo fibroblasts and these resulting 10T1/2 clones were evaluated for the cytotoxic and transforming activities of two nitrosamines, 4-(methylnitrosamine)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN). 10T1/2 clone 29 cells, which expressed high levels of CYP2A6 activity, were responsive to the cytotoxic and morphological transforming effects of DEN or NNK on a concentration-related basis. In 10T1/2 clone 29 cells, DEN at 600 micrograms/ml decreased cell survival to 67%, and induced 0.5 type II&III foci/dish. NNK at 400 micrograms/ml administered to 10T1/2 clone 29 cells decreased survival to 57% and induced 0.43 type II&III foci/dish. Wild-type 10T1/2 cells and 10T1/2 clone 4 cells (infected with the vector but not expressing the CYP2A6 activity) were unresponsive. These results indicate that expression of a cDNA coding for cytochrome P450 in 10T1/2 cells can provide information about the role of the enzyme in the activities of chemical carcinogens and also increase the sensitivity of 10T1/2 cells to a larger number of classes of chemical carcinogens. JF - Mutation research AU - Nesnow, S AU - Beck, S AU - Rosenblum, S AU - Lasley, J AU - Tiano, H F AU - Hosokawa, M AU - Crespi, C L AU - Langenbach, R AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 93 EP - 102 VL - 324 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Nitrosamines KW - Diethylnitrosamine KW - 3IQ78TTX1A KW - 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone KW - 7S395EDO61 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases KW - EC 1.- KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - CYP2A6 protein, human KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6 KW - Index Medicus KW - Clone Cells KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Fibroblasts -- enzymology KW - Transfection KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Biotransformation KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice KW - Diethylnitrosamine -- toxicity KW - Nitrosamines -- toxicity KW - Diethylnitrosamine -- metabolism KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- genetics KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- metabolism KW - Nitrosamines -- metabolism KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- toxicity KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- genetics KW - Mixed Function Oxygenases -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76575131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=N-nitrosodiethylamine+and+4-%28methylnitrosamino%29-1-%283-pyridyl%29-1-butanone+induced+morphological+transformation+of+C3H%2F10T1%2F2CL8+cells+expressing+human+cytochrome+P450+2A6.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BBeck%2C+S%3BRosenblum%2C+S%3BLasley%2C+J%3BTiano%2C+H+F%3BHosokawa%2C+M%3BCrespi%2C+C+L%3BLangenbach%2C+R&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=324&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-29 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential for seepage erosion of landslide dam AN - 50202914; 1994-053682 JF - Journal of Geotechnical Engineering AU - Meyer, William AU - Schuster, R L AU - Sabol, M A Y1 - 1994/07// PY - 1994 DA - July 1994 SP - 1211 EP - 1228 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 120 IS - 7 SN - 0733-9410, 0733-9410 KW - United States KW - Skamania County Washington KW - Washington KW - North Fork Toutle River KW - Mount Saint Helens KW - erosion KW - stability KW - Castle Lake KW - seepage KW - ground water KW - models KW - Cascade Range KW - landslides KW - engineering geology KW - mass movements KW - dams KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50202914?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geotechnical+Engineering&rft.atitle=Potential+for+seepage+erosion+of+landslide+dam&rft.au=Meyer%2C+William%3BSchuster%2C+R+L%3BSabol%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1845&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Talanta&rft.issn=00399140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGENDZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cascade Range; Castle Lake; dams; engineering geology; erosion; ground water; landslides; mass movements; models; Mount Saint Helens; North Fork Toutle River; seepage; Skamania County Washington; stability; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eyeblink conditioning in the infant rat: an animal model of learning in developmental neurotoxicology. AN - 76743325; 7925184 AB - Classical conditioning of the eyeblink reflex is a relatively simple procedure for studying associative learning that was first developed for use with human subjects more than half a century ago. The use of this procedure in laboratory animals by psychologists and neuroscientists over the past 30 years has produced a powerful animal model for studying the behavioral and biological mechanisms of learning. As a result, eyeblink conditioning is beginning to be pursued as a very promising model for predicting and understanding human learning and memory disorders. Among the many advantages of this procedure are (a) the fact that it can be carried out in the same manner in both humans and laboratory animals; (b) the many ways in which it permits one to characterize changes in learning at the behavioral level; (c) the readiness with which hypotheses regarding the neurological basis of behavioral disorders can be formulated and tested; (d) the fact that it can be used in the same way across the life-span; and (e) its ability to distinguish, from normative groups, populations suffering from neurological conditions associated with impaired learning and memory, including those produced by exposure to neurotoxicants. In this article, we argue that these properties of eyeblink conditioning make it an excellent model system for studying early impairments of learning and memory in developmental neurotoxicology. We also review progress that has been made in our laboratory in developing a rodent model of infant eyeblink conditioning for this purpose. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Stanton, M E AU - Freeman, J H AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory (MD-74B), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 131 EP - 139 VL - 102 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Models, Biological KW - Female KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Learning Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Brain -- physiopathology KW - Conditioning, Eyelid KW - Learning Disorders -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76743325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Eyeblink+conditioning+in+the+infant+rat%3A+an+animal+model+of+learning+in+developmental+neurotoxicology.&rft.au=Stanton%2C+M+E%3BFreeman%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Stanton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Neurotoxicology. 1988 Fall;9(3):443-61 [3059245] Behav Neurosci. 1992 Dec;106(6):924-32 [1472294] Trends Neurosci. 1988 Apr;11(4):152-5 [2469183] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):285-92 [2196427] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1989 May-Jun;11(3):237-42 [2755420] Neurotoxicology. 1989 Summer;10(2):177-90 [2616061] Experientia. 1990 Mar 15;46(3):292-7 [2311721] Behav Neurosci. 1990 Feb;104(1):116-26 [2317273] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):191-202 [2196419] J Exp Child Psychol. 1968 Jun;6(2):181-93 [5660715] J Comp Neurol. 1969 Jul;136(3):269-93 [5788129] Nature. 1969 Feb 8;221(5180):554-5 [5789301] J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1972 May;79(2):328-33 [5026000] J Comp Neurol. 1972 Aug;145(4):465-513 [4114591] Brain Res. 1977 Mar 4;123(1):13-26 [843911] Brain Res. 1980 Jul 7;193(1):229-48 [7378816] J Comp Neurol. 1981 Feb 10;196(1):99-128 [7204668] J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1981 Apr;95(2):322-30 [7229163] Science. 1983 Apr 15;220(4594):329-31 [6836277] Behav Brain Res. 1983 Apr;8(1):49-68 [6849679] Behav Neurosci. 1984 Aug;98(4):584-9 [6466439] Brain Res. 1985 Feb 4;326(1):179-82 [3971143] Exp Brain Res. 1985;60(1):87-98 [4043285] Neurotoxicology. 1985 Fall;6(3):71-80 [4047517] Alcohol Alcohol. 1985;20(2):195-200 [4052156] Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1986 Jan-Feb;12(1):11-26 [3703153] Bibl Anat. 1986;(28):27-52 [3707511] Prog Brain Res. 1985;63:39-58 [3835581] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jul;83(14):5349-53 [3460097] Science. 1986 Aug 29;233(4767):941-7 [3738519] Exp Neurol. 1986 Oct;94(1):103-19 [3758276] Behav Neurosci. 1986 Oct;100(5):729-44 [3778636] Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol. 1986 Sep-Oct;12(5):447-57 [2946973] Neurotoxicology. 1986 Summer;7(2):69-76 [3537863] Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci. 1986;236(3):154-61 [3803399] Brain Res. 1987 Feb 10;403(1):89-95 [3828818] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1987 Mar-Apr;9(2):129-41 [3657748] Behav Neurosci. 1988 Aug;102(4):586-90 [3166733] Neurotoxicology. 1990 Summer;11(2):189-98 [2234540] Brain Res. 1990 Nov 5;532(1-2):271-7 [2282520] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1990;608:113-23; discussion 123-7 [2075950] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1990;608:212-32; discussion 232-8 [2075954] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1990;608:394-426; discussion 426-33 [2127514] Physiol Behav. 1990 Nov;48(5):755-8 [2082376] Pediatrics. 1991 May;87(5 Pt 2):781-90 [2020537] Behav Neurosci. 1991 Feb;105(1):82-110 [2025396] Behav Neurosci. 1991 Jun;105(3):386-95 [1863360] Neurobiol Aging. 1991 May-Jun;12(3):249-54 [1876231] Behav Neurosci. 1992 Aug;106(4):657-65 [1503658] J Comp Neurol. 1992 Aug 22;322(4):501-18 [1401246] Brain Res Dev Brain Res. 1989 Jan 1;45(1):137-47 [2917407] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combination of cancer data in quantitative risk assessments: case study using bromodichloromethane. AN - 76580294; 8029500 AB - There are often several data sets that may be used in developing a quantitative risk estimate for a carcinogen. These estimates are usually based, however, on the dose-response data for tumor incidences from a single sex/strain/species of animal. When appropriate, the use of more data should result in a higher level of confidence in the risk estimate. The decision to use more than one data set (e.g., representing different animal sexes, strains, species, or tumor sites) can be made following biological and statistical analyses of the compatibility of the these data sets. Biological analysis involves consideration of factors such as the relevance of the animal models, study design and execution, dose selection and route of administration, the mechanism of action of the agent, its pharmacokinetics, any species- and/or sex-specific effects, and tumor site specificity. If the biological analysis does not prohibit combining data sets, statistical compatibility of the data sets is then investigated. A generalized likelihood ratio test is proposed for determining the compatibility of different data sets with respect to a common dose-response model, such as the linearized multistage model. The biological and statistical factors influencing the decision to combine data sets are described, followed by a case study of bromodichloromethane. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Velazquez, S F AU - McGinnis, P M AU - Vater, S T AU - Stiteler, W S AU - Knauf, L A AU - Schoeny, R S AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 285 EP - 291 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - Trihalomethanes KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Risk Factors KW - Mice KW - Likelihood Functions KW - Male KW - Female KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76580294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Combination+of+cancer+data+in+quantitative+risk+assessments%3A+case+study+using+bromodichloromethane.&rft.au=Velazquez%2C+S+F%3BMcGinnis%2C+P+M%3BVater%2C+S+T%3BStiteler%2C+W+S%3BKnauf%2C+L+A%3BSchoeny%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Velazquez&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-08 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone-induced release of cytokines and fibronectin by alveolar macrophages and airway epithelial cells. AN - 76571868; 8023949 AB - Acute exposure of animals and humans to ozone results in decrements in lung function, development of airway hyperreactivity, inflammation, edema, damage to pulmonary cells, and production of several compounds with tissue damaging, fibrinogenic or fibrotic potential. The contribution of airway epithelial cells and alveolar macrophages to these processes is unclear. In this study we have directly exposed human alveolar macrophages and human airway epithelial cells to ozone in vitro and measured the cytotoxic effects of ozone, as well as the production of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), and fibronectin, all of which are substantially elevated in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of humans exposed to ozone. Cells were grown on rigid, collagen-impregnated filter supports, and the interaction of cells with ozone facilitated by exposing them to the gas with medium below the support but no medium on top of the cells. The results show that, although macrophages are much more sensitive to ozone than epithelial cells, they do not produce increased amounts of IL-6, IL-8, or fibronectin following ozone exposure. In contrast, epithelial cells produce substantially more of all three proteins following ozone exposure, and both IL-6 and fibronectin are secreted vectorially. An immortalized human airway epithelial cell line (BEAS 2B) was used in these experiments since human airway epithelial cells are infrequently available for in vitro studies. Data from this study extend previous findings which suggest that the BEAS cell line is a useful model to study the interaction between airway epithelial cells and environmental toxicants. JF - The American journal of physiology AU - Devlin, R B AU - McKinnon, K P AU - Noah, T AU - Becker, S AU - Koren, H S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park 27711. Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - L612 EP - L619 VL - 266 IS - 6 Pt 1 SN - 0002-9513, 0002-9513 KW - Cytokines KW - 0 KW - Fibronectins KW - Interleukin-6 KW - Interleukin-8 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Interleukin-8 -- biosynthesis KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Interleukin-6 -- biosynthesis KW - Cell Line KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- metabolism KW - Lung -- cytology KW - Ozone -- pharmacology KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Fibronectins -- metabolism KW - Cytokines -- metabolism KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76571868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=Ozone-induced+release+of+cytokines+and+fibronectin+by+alveolar+macrophages+and+airway+epithelial+cells.&rft.au=Devlin%2C+R+B%3BMcKinnon%2C+K+P%3BNoah%2C+T%3BBecker%2C+S%3BKoren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Devlin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=266&rft.issue=6+Pt+1&rft.spage=L612&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=00029513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-29 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic insights aid the search for CFC substitutes: risk assessment of HCFC-123 as an example. AN - 76563042; 8029495 AB - An international consensus on the need to reduce the use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and other ozone-depleting gases such as the halons led to the adoptions of the 1987 Montreal Protocol and Title VI of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments, "Protecting Stratospheric Ozone." These agreements included major provisions for reducing and eventually phasing out production and use of CFCs and halons as well as advancing the development of replacement chemicals. Because of the ubiquitous use and benefits of CFCs and halons, an expeditious search for safe replacements to meet the legislative deadlines is of critical importance. Toxicity testing and health risk assessment programs were established to evaluate the health and environmental impact of these replacement chemicals. Development and implementation of these programs as well as the structural-activity relationships significant for the development of the replacement chemicals are described below. A dose-response evaluation for the health risk assessment of the replacement chemical HCFC-123 (2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane) is also presented to show an innovative use of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling. This is based on a parallelogram approach using data on the anesthetic gas halothane, a structural analog to HCFC-123. Halothane and HCFC-123 both form the same metabolite, trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), indicative of the same metabolic oxidative pathway attributed to hepatotoxicity. The parallelogram approach demonstrates the application of template model structures and shows how PBPK modeling, together with judicious experimental design, can be used to improve the accuracy of health risk assessment and to decrease the need for extensive laboratory animal testing. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Jarabek, A M AU - Fisher, J W AU - Rubenstein, R AU - Lipscomb, J C AU - Williams, R J AU - Vinegar, A AU - McDougal, J N AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (MD-52), Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 231 EP - 250 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Chlorofluorocarbons KW - Chlorofluorocarbons, Ethane KW - 2,2-dichloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane KW - 306-83-2 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Risk Factors KW - Quebec KW - Humans KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Ozone -- chemistry KW - Air Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Air Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Chlorofluorocarbons -- adverse effects KW - Chlorofluorocarbons -- toxicity KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Chlorofluorocarbons -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76563042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+insights+aid+the+search+for+CFC+substitutes%3A+risk+assessment+of+HCFC-123+as+an+example.&rft.au=Jarabek%2C+A+M%3BFisher%2C+J+W%3BRubenstein%2C+R%3BLipscomb%2C+J+C%3BWilliams%2C+R+J%3BVinegar%2C+A%3BMcDougal%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Jarabek&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-08 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor air pollution and asthma. Results from a panel study. AN - 76536155; 8004290 AB - Although there is abundant clinical evidence of asthmatic responses to indoor aeroallergens, the symptomatic impacts of other common indoor air pollutants from gas stoves, fireplaces, and environmental tobacco smoke have been less well characterized. These combustion sources produce a complex mixture of pollutants, many of which are respiratory irritants. We report here results of an analysis of associations between indoor pollution and several outcomes of respiratory morbidity in a population of adult asthmatics residing in the Denver, Colorado, metropolitan area. A panel of 164 asthmatics recorded in a daily diary the occurrence of several respiratory symptoms, nocturnal asthma, medication use, and restrictions in activity, as well as the use of gas stoves, wood stoves, or fireplaces, and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Multiple logistic regression analysis suggests that the indoor sources of combustion have a statistically significant association with exacerbations of asthma. For example, after correcting for repeated measures and autocorrelation, the reported use of a gas stove was associated with moderate or worse shortness of breath (OR, 1.60; 95% CI, 1.11-2.32), moderate or worse cough (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 0.97-3.01), nocturnal asthma (OR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.91-1.13), and restrictions in activity (OR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.0-2.16). Among this panel of relatively moderate to severe asthmatics, the respiratory irritants produced by several domestic combustion sources were associated with increased morbidity. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Ostro, B D AU - Lipsett, M J AU - Mann, J K AU - Wiener, M B AU - Selner, J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704. Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 1400 EP - 1406 VL - 149 IS - 6 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Fossil Fuels KW - 0 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Severity of Illness Index KW - Humans KW - Wood KW - Activities of Daily Living KW - Aged KW - Heating -- adverse effects KW - Logistic Models KW - Risk Factors KW - Seasons KW - Adult KW - Cooking KW - Health Services -- utilization KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Surveys and Questionnaires KW - Incidence KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Urban Population KW - Colorado -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Asthma -- epidemiology KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Asthma -- etiology KW - Asthma -- drug therapy KW - Asthma -- prevention & control KW - Asthma -- physiopathology KW - Population Surveillance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76536155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Indoor+air+pollution+and+asthma.+Results+from+a+panel+study.&rft.au=Ostro%2C+B+D%3BLipsett%2C+M+J%3BMann%2C+J+K%3BWiener%2C+M+B%3BSelner%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1400&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-15 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994 Jun;149(6):1398-9 [8004289] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human exposure to complex mixtures of air pollutants. AN - 76526738; 8202929 AB - Human exposure to complex mixtures of polycyclic organic matter (POM) from the products of incomplete combustion contribute to the potential lung cancer risk in urban areas. The most ubiquitous emission sources outdoors in populated areas are residential motor vehicles and residential heating, while environmental tobacco smoke is usually the major combustion source in indoor air. In addition to these urban combustion sources, there are industrial and municipal sources that may also have a significant impact on human exposure to carcinogenic agents due to their high DNA adduct and tumor initiating potency. This review focuses on new approaches to assess human exposure to POM using source apportionment, personal exposure monitoring, and biomarker methods. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Lewtas, J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 163 EP - 169 VL - 72 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - Carcinogens KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Biomarkers, Tumor -- analysis KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76526738?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Human+exposure+to+complex+mixtures+of+air+pollutants.&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-07 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National and regional distributions of airborne radon concentrations in U.S. homes. AN - 76477587; 8181942 AB - The National Residential Radon Survey was conducted during 1989 and 1990 to provide data on the frequency distribution of annual average radon concentrations in U.S. residences nationwide, in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency defined Regions, and in subgroups of the housing stock. The National Residential Radon Survey also provided housing and demographic data and a preliminary assessment of the relationship of housing and geographical characteristics to residential radon concentrations. This paper focuses solely on the national and regional estimates of annual average radon concentrations. A stratified, three-stage sampling procedure was used to select housing units for the survey. Data were collected through personal interviews with residents and placement of alpha track detectors in each level of the residences for 12 mo. The survey found an arithmetic annual average radon concentration in U.S. homes of 46.3 +/- 4.4 Bq m-3 (1.25 +/- 0.12 pCi L-1). About 6.0 +/- 1.4% of homes (5.8 million) had radon levels greater than the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's action level for mitigation of 148 Bq m-3 (4 pCi L-1). Concentrations varied significantly across Environmental Protection Agency Regions. A lognormal distribution was found to closely approximate the major distributions of radon concentrations. JF - Health physics AU - Marcinowski, F AU - Lucas, R M AU - Yeager, W M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Radiation and Indoor Air, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 699 EP - 706 VL - 66 IS - 6 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive KW - 0 KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Data Collection KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Housing KW - Radon -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Radioactive -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76477587?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=National+and+regional+distributions+of+airborne+radon+concentrations+in+U.S.+homes.&rft.au=Marcinowski%2C+F%3BLucas%2C+R+M%3BYeager%2C+W+M&rft.aulast=Marcinowski&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-16 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hierarchical modeling of groundwater in support of nonpoint-source pollution assessment in Chesapeake Bay ground/watersheds AN - 52169483; 2001-079081 JF - Chesapeake Research Consortium Publication AU - Kraemer, Stephen R AU - Kerr, Robert S AU - Bachman, L Joseph A2 - Hill, Paula A2 - Nelson, Steve Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 701 VL - 149 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - vegetation KW - nonpoint sources KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - ecology KW - aquatic environment KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52169483?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chesapeake+Research+Consortium+Publication&rft.atitle=Hierarchical+modeling+of+groundwater+in+support+of+nonpoint-source+pollution+assessment+in+Chesapeake+Bay+ground%2Fwatersheds&rft.au=Kraemer%2C+Stephen+R%3BKerr%2C+Robert+S%3BBachman%2C+L+Joseph&rft.aulast=Kraemer&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chesapeake+Research+Consortium+Publication&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Toward a sustainable watershed; the Chesapeake experiment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05079 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; Atlantic Coastal Plain; bioremediation; Chesapeake Bay; ecology; ground water; hydrology; models; nonpoint sources; pollution; remediation; United States; vegetation; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wide-spread and systematic errors in the analysis of soils for polychlorinated biphenyls; Part 2, Comparison of extraction systems AN - 50190439; 1995-009184 JF - Analyst (London) AU - Kimbrough, David Eugene AU - Chin, Rustum AU - Wakakuwa, Janice Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 1283 EP - 1292 PB - The Chemical Society, Cambridge VL - 119 IS - 6 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - detection limit KW - pollutants KW - interlaboratory comparison KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - gas chromatography KW - sample preparation KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - detection KW - stochastic processes KW - sampling KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - accuracy KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50190439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Wide-spread+and+systematic+errors+in+the+analysis+of+soils+for+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3B+Part+2%2C+Comparison+of+extraction+systems&rft.au=Kimbrough%2C+David+Eugene%3BChin%2C+Rustum%3BWakakuwa%2C+Janice&rft.aulast=Kimbrough&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - 13 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ANALAO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; chemical analysis; chemical composition; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; detection; detection limit; gas chromatography; halogenated hydrocarbons; interlaboratory comparison; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sample preparation; sampling; soils; solvents; stochastic processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wide-spread and systematic errors in the analysis of soils for polychlorinated biphenyls; Part 1, A review of inter-laboratory studies AN - 50190410; 1995-009183 JF - Analyst (London) AU - Kimbrough, David Eugene AU - Chin, Rustum AU - Wakakuwa, Janice Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 1277 EP - 1281 PB - The Chemical Society, Cambridge VL - 119 IS - 6 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - detection limit KW - pollutants KW - interlaboratory comparison KW - PCBs KW - gas chromatograms KW - pollution KW - gas chromatography KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - detection KW - stochastic processes KW - sampling KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - accuracy KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50190410?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Wide-spread+and+systematic+errors+in+the+analysis+of+soils+for+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3B+Part+1%2C+A+review+of+inter-laboratory+studies&rft.au=Kimbrough%2C+David+Eugene%3BChin%2C+Rustum%3BWakakuwa%2C+Janice&rft.aulast=Kimbrough&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ANALAO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; chemical analysis; chemical composition; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; detection; detection limit; gas chromatograms; gas chromatography; halogenated hydrocarbons; interlaboratory comparison; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sampling; soils; solvents; stochastic processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wide-spread and systematic errors in the analysis of soils for polychlorinated biphenyls; Part 3, Gas chromatography AN - 50188250; 1995-009185 JF - Analyst (London) AU - Kimbrough, David Eugene AU - Chin, Rustum AU - Wakakuwa, Janice Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 1293 EP - 1301 PB - The Chemical Society, Cambridge VL - 119 IS - 6 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - detection limit KW - pollutants KW - interlaboratory comparison KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - gas chromatography KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - errors KW - detection KW - stochastic processes KW - sampling KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - accuracy KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50188250?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Wide-spread+and+systematic+errors+in+the+analysis+of+soils+for+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3B+Part+3%2C+Gas+chromatography&rft.au=Kimbrough%2C+David+Eugene%3BChin%2C+Rustum%3BWakakuwa%2C+Janice&rft.aulast=Kimbrough&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=119&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.issn=08872333&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ANALAO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; chemical analysis; chemical composition; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; detection; detection limit; errors; gas chromatography; halogenated hydrocarbons; interlaboratory comparison; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; sampling; soils; solvents; stochastic processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil washing treatability tests for pesticide-contaminated soil AN - 1722153215; 2015-097245 AB - The determination of cleanup levels at a CERCLA or RCRA site is often the single most important decision made by risk managers. This decision can have a major impact on the costs and time required for remediation, as well as on the selection of remedial technologies. The object of this article is to provide a critical review of the methods used by regulatory agencies and the regulated community to calculate chemical-specific cleanup goals for inactive hazardous waste sites, focusing on those cleanup goals that are designed to protect human health from the effects of chemicals. In addition to this analysis of historical methods that have been used, this article discusses some innovative solutions to the problem of calculating cleanup levels and presents an analysis of controversial topics related to cleanup levels currently under debate by regulatory agencies, industry, environmentalists, and legislative bodies. Abstract Copyright (1994), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Frederick, Raymond M AU - Krishnamurthy, S Y1 - 1994/06// PY - 1994 DA - June 1994 SP - 443 EP - 453 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 4 IS - 4 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - insecticides KW - concentration KW - technology KW - pollutants KW - heptachlor KW - herbicides KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - soil washing KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - surfactants KW - pilot plants KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - pH KW - dieldrin KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722153215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Soil+washing+treatability+tests+for+pesticide-contaminated+soil&rft.au=Frederick%2C+Raymond+M%3BKrishnamurthy%2C+S&rft.aulast=Frederick&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft.date=1994-06-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440040407 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; decontamination; dieldrin; halogenated hydrocarbons; heptachlor; herbicides; insecticides; optimization; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; pH; pilot plants; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soil washing; soils; surfactants; technology DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440040407 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of the intestinal microbiota in the activation of the promutagen 2,6-dinitrotoluene to mutagenic urine metabolites and comparison of GI enzyme activities in germ-free and conventionalized male Fischer 344 rats. AN - 76573919; 8019977 AB - After male germ-free and conventionalized Fischer 344 rats were administered per os (p.o.) 75 mg/kg 2,6-DNT, intestinal nitroreductase, beta-glucuronidase, and azo reductase activities were lower in the cecum and large intestine of germ-free animals. However, there was no significant difference in the small intestinal nitroreductase and azo reductase compared to the conventionalized counterparts. This indicated a potential mucosal source for the enzymes. Urines from germ-free rats (1144 +/- 64 revertants/ml) were less mutagenic than those from conventionalized animals (1467 +/- 171 revertants/ml) in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98 without S9. In the presence of S9, urine from conventionalized animals (894 +/- 56 revertants/ml) was more mutagenic than that from germ-free rats (686 +/- 60 revertants/ml). The presence of the intestinal flora plays an important role in the activation of 2,6-DNT but other metabolic pathways, such as the small intestinal mucosal and/or hepatic enzymes, are present that can generate excreted genotoxicants. JF - Cancer letters AU - George, S E AU - Chadwick, R W AU - Kohan, M J AU - Allison, J C AU - Williams, R W AU - Chang, J AD - Genetic Toxicology Division (MD 68A), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/05/16/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 May 16 SP - 181 EP - 187 VL - 79 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - 0 KW - Nitroreductases KW - EC 1.7.- KW - Glucuronidase KW - EC 3.2.1.31 KW - 2,6-dinitrotoluene KW - GG7FAV92MK KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Germ-Free Life KW - Nitroreductases -- metabolism KW - Glucuronidase -- metabolism KW - Intestine, Small -- metabolism KW - Intestine, Large -- metabolism KW - Intestine, Large -- microbiology KW - Intestine, Small -- microbiology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Biotransformation KW - Male KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- urine KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Intestines -- metabolism KW - Intestines -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76573919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Role+of+the+intestinal+microbiota+in+the+activation+of+the+promutagen+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene+to+mutagenic+urine+metabolites+and+comparison+of+GI+enzyme+activities+in+germ-free+and+conventionalized+male+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BChadwick%2C+R+W%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BWilliams%2C+R+W%3BChang%2C+J&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-05-16&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exocrine pancreatic neoplasms in the mummichog (Fundulus heteroclitus) from a creosote-contaminated site. AN - 76932260; 7817115 AB - A high prevalence of exocrine pancreatic neoplasms occurred in mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus, from a creosote-contaminated site in the Elizabeth River, Virginia. A total of 20 neoplasms were found in a group of about 1,300 fish obtained at this site over a 2-yr period. Of 240 fish collected during October 1991, 3.3% had pancreatic neoplasms. Adjusted total lesion prevalence for large adult fish (Size Class III: total length = 75-85 mm; Size Class IV: total length > 85 mm) was 6.7%. Pancreatic neoplasms were not observed in 234 fish collected at this site during May 1991, nor were they found in 420 fish obtained during fall 1991 from 1 uncontaminated and 6 moderately contaminated localities. Lesions involved both mesenteric and intrahepatic exocrine pancreas and ranged from well-differentiated acinar cell adenomas to poorly differentiated acinar cell carcinomas. One fish had an atypical acinar cell focus. All specimens with pancreatic neoplasms also had hepatocellular lesions. This epizootic of exocrine pancreatic neoplasia is the first to be reported in a wild fish population. Based on chemical characterization of the site and limited experimental data on chemically induced pancreatic carcinogenesis in other small fish species, the neoplasms were probably caused by exposure of the mummichog to chemical carcinogens in their environment. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Fournie, J W AU - Vogelbein, W K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Marine and Estuarine Disease Research, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561. PY - 1994 SP - 237 EP - 247 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Creosote KW - 8021-39-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Adenoma -- veterinary KW - Carcinoma, Acinar Cell -- chemically induced KW - Carcinoma, Acinar Cell -- veterinary KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- veterinary KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Fish Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Fish Diseases -- pathology KW - Killifishes KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Pancreatic Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Creosote -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76932260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=Exocrine+pancreatic+neoplasms+in+the+mummichog+%28Fundulus+heteroclitus%29+from+a+creosote-contaminated+site.&rft.au=Fournie%2C+J+W%3BVogelbein%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Fournie&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-03 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synaptonemal complex aberrations in the pseudoautosomal region of X, Y chromosomes in irradiated hamsters. AN - 76764321; 7523835 AB - The effects of X-radiation, bleomycin and amsacrine (m-AMSA) on the meiotic chromosomes of male Armenian hamsters were determined by electron microscopic analysis of synaptonemal complex (SC) damage. Pachytene stage cells were analyzed 5 or 6 days following their treatment at putative preleptotene-leptotene stages of meiosis. Of the multiple types of SC aberrations observed to be significantly increased over control levels, lateral element breakage and synaptic anomalies were most prevalent. The focus of these studies was on the sex chromosomes which, in the Armenian hamster, reveal an unusually well-defined pseudoautosomal region. In the XY pair, radiation and chemical treatments caused certain forms of structural and synaptic anomalies which appeared to be preferentially localized to telomeric and/or crossover regions. The nature of these specific aberrations, involving breakage, bridge formation and asynapsis, is not well understood; however, their distributions are suggestive of possible relationships with sites and processes of crossing over. JF - Mutagenesis AU - Allen, J W AU - Poorman-Allen, P AU - Collins, B W AU - Sontag, M R AD - Genetic Toxicology Division (MD-68), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 259 EP - 267 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0267-8357, 0267-8357 KW - Amsacrine KW - 00DPD30SOY KW - Bleomycin KW - 11056-06-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Amsacrine -- toxicity KW - Cricetulus KW - DNA Damage KW - Bleomycin -- toxicity KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Y Chromosome -- ultrastructure KW - Synaptonemal Complex -- drug effects KW - Synaptonemal Complex -- radiation effects KW - X Chromosome -- radiation effects KW - Synaptonemal Complex -- genetics KW - X Chromosome -- drug effects KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - X Chromosome -- ultrastructure KW - Y Chromosome -- drug effects KW - Y Chromosome -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76764321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Synaptonemal+complex+aberrations+in+the+pseudoautosomal+region+of+X%2C+Y+chromosomes+in+irradiated+hamsters.&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+W%3BPoorman-Allen%2C+P%3BCollins%2C+B+W%3BSontag%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutagenesis&rft.issn=02678357&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-28 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Blockade of ovulation in the rat by the fungicide sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate: relationship between effects on the luteinizing hormone surge and alterations in hypothalamic catecholamines. AN - 76763702; 7935259 AB - Sodium N-methyldithiocarbamate (SMD), also known as metam sodium, is a commonly employed soil fungicide and nematocide. Structurally related dithiocarbamates have been found to decrease norepinephrine (NE) synthesis by suppressing the activity of dopamine-beta-hydroxylase. Because brain hypothalamic catecholamine (CA) activity is involved in generating the proestrus afternoon surge in blood luteinizing hormone (LH) which stimulates the final stages of ovulation, this study explored the effect of SMD on this hormonal trigger and its relationship to changes in hypothalamic CAs. Ovariectomized, steroid-primed Long-Evans rats showed a dose-related (25-100 mg/kg, IP) suppression of the surge and a drop in NE when SMD was given at 1100 h, a few h prior to the expected LH rise. The surge effect was reversed by the alpha-adrenergic agonist clonidine. With cycling rats, a decline with dose (50-300 mg/kg, 1300 h, proestrus) was seen in the percentage of ovulating females, with earlier injections (0900 h) being less effective at the highest dose. At all doses, low circulating levels of LH and prolactin at 1600 h suggested either a blockade in the proestrus surges of each hormone or a displacement in their time of occurrence. Anterior and posterior hypothalamic NE fell by 3 h postinjection and was accompanied by a rise in dopamine, while serotonin was unchanged. Although there was a distinct parallel between the alterations in regional CAs and the incidence of ovulation at the high doses of SMD, the relationship did not hold as the dose decreased. A similar dissociation between ovulation and CAs was seen when equimolar doses of SMD or methylisothiocyanate, a principal metabolite, were given by gavage. At the regional level of analysis employed, the data indicate that while IP injections of SMD are able to block the LH surge and ovulation in these rats, the dose-response relationship suggests that, along with induced alterations in CA metabolism, an additional factor may be involved in the observed effects. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Goldman, J M AU - Stoker, T E AU - Cooper, R L AU - McElroy, W K AU - Hein, J F AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch, Developmental Toxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 257 EP - 268 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Catecholamines KW - 0 KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - Thiocarbamates KW - methyldithiocarbamate KW - 144-54-7 KW - Prolactin KW - 9002-62-4 KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Secretory Rate -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Proestrus -- physiology KW - Animals KW - Prolactin -- blood KW - Ovary -- physiology KW - Female KW - Ovulation -- drug effects KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- secretion KW - Catecholamines -- metabolism KW - Hypothalamus -- drug effects KW - Hypothalamus -- metabolism KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- blood KW - Thiocarbamates -- toxicity KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76763702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Blockade+of+ovulation+in+the+rat+by+the+fungicide+sodium+N-methyldithiocarbamate%3A+relationship+between+effects+on+the+luteinizing+hormone+surge+and+alterations+in+hypothalamic+catecholamines.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+J+M%3BStoker%2C+T+E%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BMcElroy%2C+W+K%3BHein%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-10 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor radon: a case study in risk communication. AN - 76722928; 7917448 AB - Two key questions have influenced the development and implementation of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) program to reduce the public health risks of indoor radon gas; the answers may also apply to other preventive health care programs. First, how can we best communicate risk? Risk communication research indicates that simple message, persuasion, and prescriptive guidance will best encourage citizens to protect themselves from voluntary risks (within the control of the individual), such as radon. However, scientists expect technical information, logical and unemotional appeals, and detailed explanations of uncertainty. An appropriate balance between the persuasive and the technical will encourage public action and assuage the scientific community. Second, what environmental health care problems should we focus on? Public concern with involuntary risks imposed by an external force, such as hazardous waste dumps, drive our environmental health agenda. Consequently, because government decision-makers respond to public perceptions and pressures, which they frequently support, the largest fraction of the government's resources and the most aggressive protection programs are typically reserved for environmental health problems that pose involuntary risks. The experience of the EPA's Radon Program suggests that major gains in public health protection could be achieved through communication that effectively persuades people to accept personal responsibility for preventing voluntary risks, such as radon, and a more informed dialogue between the scientific community and the public concerning national priorities for environmental health protection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - American journal of preventive medicine AU - Page, S D AD - Radon Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. PY - 1994 SP - 15 EP - 18 VL - 10 IS - 3 Suppl SN - 0749-3797, 0749-3797 KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - Awareness KW - Preventive Medicine KW - Research KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Communication KW - Radon -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Radioactive -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76722928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+preventive+medicine&rft.atitle=Indoor+radon%3A+a+case+study+in+risk+communication.&rft.au=Page%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Page&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3+Suppl&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+preventive+medicine&rft.issn=07493797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-21 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenic evaluation of 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane via the mouse skin bioassay. AN - 76700832; 8083485 AB - Female SENCAR mice initiated with 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane (DMDNB) and promoted with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorol-13-acetate (TPA) via the SENCAR mouse skin bioassay did not exhibit a significant increase in skin tumors. The mice received 20 mg kg-1 DMDNB divided into six intragastric doses over 2 weeks and were promoted three times per week for 20 weeks. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Reddy, T V AU - Olson, G R AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. PY - 1994 SP - 231 EP - 232 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Butanes KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - 2,3-dimethyl-2,3-dinitrobutane KW - 3964-18-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Skin Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Butanes -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76700832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Carcinogenic+evaluation+of+2%2C3-dimethyl-2%2C3-dinitrobutane+via+the+mouse+skin+bioassay.&rft.au=Reddy%2C+T+V%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M&rft.aulast=Reddy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-11 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spermatotoxicity of dibromoacetic acid in rats after 14 daily exposures. AN - 76682533; 8075514 AB - Halogenated acetic acids are major disinfection by-products of water chlorination and ozonation. Limited data in experimental animals indicate that repeated doses of dichloroacetic acid (DCA) or single doses of dibromoacetic acid (DBAA) cause testicular damage. In the present study, spermatotoxic effects were investigated in rats given oral doses of 0, 10, 30, 90, or 270 mg DBAA/kg/day for 14 days. In rats dosed with 270 mg/kg/day, there were marked effects on epididymal sperm motility and morphology including the flagellar fusion of 2 or more sperm. Testis weight, epididymis weight, and testicular sperm head counts were mildly reduced relative to control, whereas epididymal sperm counts were substantially decreased. Histologic changes in the testis included retention of Step 19 spermatids in Stages IX to XII, abnormal development of late spermatids, and the formation of atypical structures resembling residual bodies that were observed predominantly in Stages X to XIV and I of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. At the dosage of 90 mg/kg/day, effects on spermiation, spermatid development, epididymal sperm counts, sperm motility, and sperm morphology were less severe than at the higher dosage. Reduced caput sperm counts and mild effects on spermiation also occurred at 30 and 10 mg/kg/day. These studies indicate that subchronic exposure to DBAA has the potential to affect reproductive outcome in the rat. Compared to previous studies of DCA (12), DBAA, on a molar basis, appears to be a stronger testicular toxicant than the dichloro analogue. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Linder, R E AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Strader, L F AU - Suarez, J D AU - Roberts, N L AU - Dyer, C J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 251 EP - 259 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - dibromoacetic acid KW - 631-64-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Male KW - Testis -- ultrastructure KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Spermatozoa -- pathology KW - Acetates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76682533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Spermatotoxicity+of+dibromoacetic+acid+in+rats+after+14+daily+exposures.&rft.au=Linder%2C+R+E%3BKlinefelter%2C+G+R%3BStrader%2C+L+F%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BRoberts%2C+N+L%3BDyer%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Autonomic and behavioral thermoregulation in the golden hamster during subchronic administration of clorgyline. AN - 76579868; 8029282 AB - Chronic administration of clorgyline, a type-A monoamine oxidase inhibitor, leads to a decrease in peritoneal (i.e., core) temperature of golden hamsters. To better understand the mechanisms of clorgyline's thermoregulatory effects, autonomic and behavioral thermoregulatory effectors were measured in Syrian hamsters following chronic infusion of clorgyline via a minipump (2 mg/kg/day). Metabolic rate, evaporative water loss, motor activity, and core temperature were measured after 60 min of exposure to ambient temperatures (Ta) of 5, 20, 30, and 35 degrees C. Behavioral thermoregulatory responses were assessed by measuring selected Ta and motor activity of the same animals in a temperature gradient over the course of 23 h. Metabolic rate and motor activity were significantly elevated in clorgyline-treated hamsters exposed to a Ta of 5 degrees C. There were no effects of clorgyline on evaporative water loss. In the temperature gradient the mean selected Ta of clorgyline-treated hamsters was nearly equal to that of the saline-treated hamsters, 30.7 and 31.2 degrees C, respectively. On the other hand, the mode of selected Ta in the clorgyline group was 2.8 degrees C higher than that of the saline group. Motor activity in the gradient was significantly elevated and food consumption was depressed by clorgyline treatment. Overall, these findings indicate that chronic clorgyline treatment in the golden hamster results in novel autonomic and behavioral modification; it stimulates metabolic thermogenesis during cold exposure, but appears to increase the behavioral zone of thermoneutrality. This latter effect may mean an improvement in heat tolerance, suggesting that this drug might assist in the adaptation to warm temperatures. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Gordon, C J AU - Duncan, W C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 119 EP - 125 VL - 48 IS - 1 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Clorgyline KW - LYJ16FZU9Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Water Loss, Insensible -- drug effects KW - Infusion Pumps, Implantable KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mesocricetus KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Clorgyline -- administration & dosage KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Clorgyline -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76579868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=Autonomic+and+behavioral+thermoregulation+in+the+golden+hamster+during+subchronic+administration+of+clorgyline.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BDuncan%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-10 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of chemical releases and worker exposures from filter press operations. AN - 76545942; 8209847 AB - The exposures (inhalation and dermal) and releases (air, water, solids, and process streams) associated with the filtration of industrial wastewater sludge from an electronics manufacturing plant were characterized. Chemical releases and worker exposures for a target chemical (total copper) were measured over four operational cycles. Various aspects of the filtration operation believed to influence the measurement values were documented. Worker exposures associated with the discreet stages of the filter operation were measured. Ventilation patterns around the filter press were also monitored. The workers' time-weighted average exposures to total copper during the 113-minute operational cycle ranged from 3.1 to 25 micrograms/m3 (2.2 geometric standard deviation, 6.4 micrograms/m3 geometric mean concentration). The manual removal of filter cake comprised only 15% of the time in an average filtration cycle, but produced 72% of the workers' inhalation exposure. During this cake-removal stage, inhalation exposures ranged from 11 micrograms/m3 to 130 micrograms/m3 (2.5 geometric standard deviation, 30 micrograms/m3 geometric mean concentration). Differences in worker technique may account for the large range of inhalation exposures during the cake-removal stage. Exposures and releases were successfully determined for a single unit operation, as well as for the discreet stages of operation. The data generated will enable EPA to more accurately estimate worker exposures and chemical releases for new chemicals as required by the Toxic Substances Control Act. The approach utilized will benefit industrial hygienists in providing estimates of worker exposures and aid in the targeting of survey sampling. JF - American Industrial Hygiene Association journal AU - Timberlake, D L AU - Marshall, M AU - Scott, J AD - Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 438 EP - 442 VL - 55 IS - 5 SN - 0002-8894, 0002-8894 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Skin -- chemistry KW - Ventilation KW - Humans KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Copper -- analysis KW - Electronics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76545942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+journal&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+chemical+releases+and+worker+exposures+from+filter+press+operations.&rft.au=Timberlake%2C+D+L%3BMarshall%2C+M%3BScott%2C+J&rft.aulast=Timberlake&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+journal&rft.issn=00028894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-13 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA updates its recent actions on sterilants made by 4 firms. AN - 76492610; 10133732 JF - Health facilities management AU - Fehrenbach, M P AD - EPA, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC. Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 44 EP - 9 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 0899-6210, 0899-6210 KW - Disinfectants KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Health administration KW - United States KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Disinfectants -- standards KW - Product Surveillance, Postmarketing KW - Sterilization -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76492610?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+facilities+management&rft.atitle=EPA+updates+its+recent+actions+on+sterilants+made+by+4+firms.&rft.au=Fehrenbach%2C+M+P&rft.aulast=Fehrenbach&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+facilities+management&rft.issn=08996210&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-22 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ah receptor in embryonic mouse palate and effects of TCDD on receptor expression. AN - 76487583; 8184424 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is the most potent member of a family of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons which are widespread environmental contaminants. In animals the adverse biological effects of TCDD include carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, immune function alteration, hyperkeratosis, hepatotoxicity, thymic involution, and teratogenesis. In the mouse embryo, TCDD induces cleft palate through a mechanism which involves altered differentiation and proliferation of the palatal cells, resulting in the failure of opposing shelves to fuse. Cleft palate induction by TCDD requires the Ah receptor. This study examines the expression of the Ah receptor in secondary palate of control and TCDD-exposed C57BL/6N embryos using in situ hybridization, Northern blots, and immunohistochemistry. Ah receptor protein expression was significantly higher in epithelial versus mesenchymal cells, and regional differences in expression within the epithelium were statistically significant. TCDD exposure was shown to downregulate Ah receptor mRNA and protein throughout the palatal shelf and this occurred at both the teratogenic dose and the dose which was not sufficient to produce cleft palate. This study represents the first demonstration of the tissue and cellular localization of the Ah receptor, raising questions about the extrapolation of results from cultured tumor cells to those observed in vivo. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Perdew, G H AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 16 EP - 25 VL - 126 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Gene Expression Regulation -- drug effects KW - Immunoenzyme Techniques KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- drug effects KW - Palate -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- biosynthesis KW - Palate -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- genetics KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76487583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Ah+receptor+in+embryonic+mouse+palate+and+effects+of+TCDD+on+receptor+expression.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BPerdew%2C+G+H%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-10 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Meeting report of the EC/US workshop on genetic risk assessment: "human genetic risks from exposure to chemicals, focusing on the feasibility of a parallelogram approach". AN - 76484249; 7513821 AB - This workshop was the concept of Professor Frits Sobels who passed away on the 6th of July 1993. The underlying idea of the Sobels' parallelogram approach is that an estimate (corrected by DNA-adduct dosimetry) of the genetic damage in human germ cells can be obtained by measuring a common endpoint in human and mouse somatic cells (such as gene mutation in lymphocytes) and in germ cells of mice, the desired target tissue inaccessible in humans. The main objective of the workshop was to identify the methodology, data requirements and mechanistic research to understand the human health impact of germ-cell mutagens. 4 chemicals were selected for review at the meeting: ethylene oxide, 1,3-butadiene, acrylamide and cyclophosphamide. The first 3 are important industrial chemicals with substantial use worldwide and, therefore, considerable potential human exposure. The 4th, cyclophosphamide, is a commonly used cancer chemotherapeutic agent. This first EC/US workshop on risk assessment was highly focused on the feasibility of the parallelogram concept to estimate potential germ-cell effects in humans. It represented an evaluation of current knowledge and the identification of future research needs for a more precise assessment of human genetic risks from exposure to mutagenic chemicals. JF - Mutation research AU - Waters, M D AU - Nolan, C Y1 - 1994/05/01/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 May 01 SP - 411 EP - 424 VL - 307 IS - 1 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Feasibility Studies KW - Risk Factors KW - Models, Genetic KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - DNA Damage KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76484249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Meeting+report+of+the+EC%2FUS+workshop+on+genetic+risk+assessment%3A+%22human+genetic+risks+from+exposure+to+chemicals%2C+focusing+on+the+feasibility+of+a+parallelogram+approach%22.&rft.au=Waters%2C+M+D%3BNolan%2C+C&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=307&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-09 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A critical review of analytical approaches for petroleum contaminated soil AN - 50950915; 1995-068717 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Fan, Chi-Yuan AU - Krishnamurthy, S AU - Chen, Chien T A2 - O'Shay, Tracey A. A2 - Hoddinott, Keith B. Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 61 EP - 74 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1221 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - chemical analysis KW - supercritical fluid extraction KW - pollutants KW - gasoline KW - underground storage tanks KW - gas chromatograms KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - solubility KW - petroleum products KW - sample preparation KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - oil spills KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50950915?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=A+critical+review+of+analytical+approaches+for+petroleum+contaminated+soil&rft.au=Fan%2C+Chi-Yuan%3BKrishnamurthy%2C+S%3BChen%2C+Chien+T&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=Chi-Yuan&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=1221&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=0803118988&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Analysis of soils contaminated with petroleum constituents N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical analysis; chemical composition; concentration; detection; gas chromatograms; gasoline; hydrocarbons; leaking underground storage tanks; oil spills; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; sample preparation; sediments; soils; solubility; supercritical fluid extraction; techniques; underground storage tanks ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of temperature and pore size on the hydraulic properties and flow of a hydrocarbon oil in the subsurface AN - 50254628; 1994-032112 AB - Capillary pressure relationships in a porous medium determine the distribution of immiscible fluids under static conditions and can largely influence the movement of the fluids when the system is not at equilibrium. Theory predicts that for a given porous medium, the effect of different fluid properties or changes in temperature on capillary pressure are due to changes in interfacial tension and contact angle of the system. The capillary pressure-saturation curves measured here for hydrocarbon oil-water do not have a constant capillary pressure ratio with saturation when compared to the water-air system, and changes in ratio were found when comparing the water-air curves measured at different temperatures. Thus, the scaling theory based on interfacial tensions and contact angles does not adequately account for differences in capillary pressures due to different fluid pairs or temperatures. Also, the curves show the residual wetting and nonwetting phase saturations are greatly affected by temperature and sometimes by the fluid pair, which is not accounted for in the scaling theory and cannot be predicted. When the capillary pressure-saturation relationship is extended to the calculation of relative permeabilities and the prediction of fluid flow in the subsurface, the differences in measured and scaled capillary pressure curves lead to differences in the predicted flow rates and saturations of the immiscible fluids in the subsurface. Thus, care must be used when applying capillary pressure-saturation data from one fluid system to that of another, or when applying it to different conditions. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Davis, Eva L Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 55 EP - 86 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - experimental studies KW - pressure KW - capillary pressure KW - physicochemical properties KW - petroleum KW - oil-water interface KW - porosity KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - saturation KW - hydrodynamics KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50254628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+temperature+and+pore+size+on+the+hydraulic+properties+and+flow+of+a+hydrocarbon+oil+in+the+subsurface&rft.au=Davis%2C+Eva+L&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Eva&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - capillary pressure; experimental studies; ground water; hydrodynamics; oil-water interface; permeability; petroleum; physicochemical properties; pore water; porosity; pressure; saturation; temperature ER - TY - JOUR T1 - [methyl- super(3)H] Thymidine and [ super(3)H]leucine incorporation in Vibrio spp. grown in nutrient-limited continuous cultures AN - 15989594; 4072775 AB - Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio logei, Vibrio natriegens, and Vibrio neries were grown in nutrient-limited continuous cultures at generation times (T sub(D)) of 5-135 h on complex media with cell yields of 0.8-12 X 10 super(6) bacteria/mL. Average cell volume, as determined by image analysis of video fluorescence microscopy, decreased for V. logei and V. neries, did not change for V. alginolyticus, and increased for V. natriegens with increasing T sub(D). The increase in cell volume observed for V. natriegens was due to the development of filamentous cells. Batch cultures were grown on media with 10 times the nutrient concentration of continuous cultures. Tritiated thymidine incorporation was measured using phenol-chloroform extractions; leucine incorporation was measured in trichloroacetic acid precipitates. At concentrations of exogenous thymidine high enough to inhibit de novo synthesis of thymidine, the number of bacteria produced per mole of thymidine incorporated did not vary with changing generation time, or between batch and continuous cultures examined in this study. However, the number of bacteria produced per mole of leucine incorporated decreased per unit production with increasing T sub(D) for all four vibrios. A significant difference in the bacterial production conversion factor (bacteria produced per mole of label incorporated) for thymidine was found for V. neries relative to the three other Vibrio species, but no significant differences were found between growth conditions within species. Corrections for biovolume differences between species and growth rates reduced variability in conversion factors, and also yielded a significantly different conversion factor for V. neries. Conversion factors for leucine incorporation spanned three orders of magnitude, from 10 super(15) to 10 super(18) bacteria/mol of leucine incorporated (DBO). JF - Canadian Journal of Microbiology/Revue Canadienne de Microbiologie AU - Snyder, R A AU - Robarts, R D AU - Caldwell, DE AD - Center for Environmental Diagnostics and Bioremediation, University of West Florida, c/o United States Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Laboratory, One Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1994/05// PY - 1994 DA - May 1994 SP - 375 EP - 381 VL - 40 IS - 5 SN - 0008-4166, 0008-4166 KW - thymidine KW - leucine KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - continuous culture KW - Vibrio KW - culture KW - A 01116:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15989594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Microbiologie&rft.atitle=%5Bmethyl-+super%283%29H%5D+Thymidine+and+%5B+super%283%29H%5Dleucine+incorporation+in+Vibrio+spp.+grown+in+nutrient-limited+continuous+cultures&rft.au=Snyder%2C+R+A%3BRobarts%2C+R+D%3BCaldwell%2C+DE&rft.aulast=Snyder&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-05-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Microbiologie&rft.issn=00084166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Vibrio; continuous culture; culture ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory health effects of passive smoking: EPA's weight-of-evidence analysis. AN - 77829068; 7730859 AB - After an extensive review and assessment of the scientific evidence on the respiratory health effects of passive smoking, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has determined that the widespread exposure to environmental tobacco smoke in the United States presents a serious and substantial public health impact. The Environmental Protection Agency concluded that environmental tobacco smoke causes lung cancer in adult nonsmokers and increases the risk for a variety of noncancer respiratory disorders, especially in children. This article reviews evidence presented in the Environmental Protection Agency's 1992 report on the respiratory health effects of passive smoking and responds to critical allegations levied by Gio Gori in his article "Science, policy, and ethics: the case of environmental tobacco smoke", appearing in the same issue of this journal. Several recent studies appearing since the cutoff date for inclusion in the EPA report are also discussed. JF - Journal of clinical epidemiology AU - Jinot, J AU - Bayard, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 339 EP - 49; discussion 351-3 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0895-4356, 0895-4356 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Child KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- etiology KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77829068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Respiratory+health+effects+of+passive+smoking%3A+EPA%27s+weight-of-evidence+analysis.&rft.au=Jinot%2C+J%3BBayard%2C+S&rft.aulast=Jinot&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=339&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+epidemiology&rft.issn=08954356&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-26 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental tobacco smoke: a public health conspiracy? A dissenting view. AN - 77796640; 7730858 JF - Journal of clinical epidemiology AU - Farland, W AU - Bayard, S AU - Jinot, J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 335 EP - 7; discussion 351-3 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0895-4356, 0895-4356 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77796640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+clinical+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Environmental+tobacco+smoke%3A+a+public+health+conspiracy%3F+A+dissenting+view.&rft.au=Farland%2C+W%3BBayard%2C+S%3BJinot%2C+J&rft.aulast=Farland&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+clinical+epidemiology&rft.issn=08954356&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-26 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Gasoline-contaminated ground water as a source of residential benzene exposure: a case study. AN - 77120274; 7549473 AB - In a private residence using gasoline-contaminated ground water (approximately 300 micrograms/l benzene), a series of experiments were performed to assess the potential benzene exposures that may occur in the shower stall, bathroom, master bedroom, and living room as a result of a single 20-min, shower. Integrated fixed site SUMMA TM-polished canister and Tenax GC air samples were collected in the target microenvironments over 20, 60, and 240 min. periods. These results were compared with the long-term personal Tenax GC samples (6 h) and grab samples collected with glass, gas-tight syringes at 0, 10, 18, 20, 25, 25.5, and 30 min. Maximum benzene concentrations occurred in the shower stall (758-1670 micrograms/m3) and bathroom (366-498 micrograms/m3) during and immediately after the shower. Inhalation exposures in the shower stall during the 20-min. shower were 2.1-4.9 times higher than corresponding 20-min, bathroom exposures. The total benzene dose resulting from the shower was estimated to be approximately 281 micrograms, with 40% via inhalation and 60% via the dermal pathway. This total is 2 to 3.5 times higher than the mean inhalation dose received during a concurrent 6 h occupation of the house. These results indicate that domestic use of gasoline-contaminated water can produce relatively high benzene exposures that vary significantly according to an individual's proximity to the water use zone. The information in this document has been funded wholly or in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. It has been subjected to Agency review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. The entire experiment was reviewed and approved by the Research Triangle Institute Human Subjects Review Committee. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Lindstrom, A B AU - Highsmith, V R AU - Buckley, T J AU - Pate, W J AU - Michael, L C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1994 SP - 183 EP - 195 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Gasoline KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Benzene KW - J64922108F KW - Index Medicus KW - Air Pollution KW - Baths KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants -- analysis KW - Housing -- standards KW - Benzene -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77120274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Gasoline-contaminated+ground+water+as+a+source+of+residential+benzene+exposure%3A+a+case+study.&rft.au=Lindstrom%2C+A+B%3BHighsmith%2C+V+R%3BBuckley%2C+T+J%3BPate%2C+W+J%3BMichael%2C+L+C&rft.aulast=Lindstrom&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-26 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glucocorticoid receptor expression during the development of the embryonic mouse secondary palate. AN - 76680300; 8071426 AB - The role of glucocorticoids and their interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) during embryonic growth and development has been a topic of interest and research for many years. Glucocorticoids are known to be teratogenic, and administration of these compounds during pregnancy produces cleft palate in the offspring. In the mouse, induction of cleft palate correlates with the level of palatal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression. However, the specific patterns of GR expression during critical stages of palatal morphogenesis remain to be examined. In the present study, GR expression was evaluated in the developing palates of C57BL/6N mouse embryos on gestation days (GD) 12, 13, 14, and 15 by both in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. On GD 12, GR mRNA was locally expressed in the region of palatal shelf outgrowth in both mesenchymal and epithelial cells, and GR was expressed uniformly throughout the developing shelf. A similar pattern of distribution occurred on GD 13 as the shelf became larger and elevated. By GD 14, GR was regionally expressed with higher levels in epithelial cells relative to mesenchyme. Chondrogenic regions strongly expressed GR. In different regions of oral and nasal epithelia localized patterns of expression were noted and may be related to differentiated state. Correspondingly, GR mRNA was expressed in epithelia and became regional in mesenchyme with abundant mRNA in regions of bone formation. On GD 15, oral and nasal epithelial cells showed mRNA, but mesenchymal levels were low except for chondrogenic regions. This pattern correlated with immunohistochemical localization of GR on GD 15. During palatogenesis the expression of mRNA correlated with immunodetectable GR peptide. GR localized initially within regions of active morphogenesis and subsequently within differentiating cells. This specificity of spatial and temporal expression supports the idea that GR is involved in regulation of regional growth and differentiation during palatogenesis. JF - Journal of craniofacial genetics and developmental biology AU - Abbott, B D AU - McNabb, F M AU - Lau, C AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 87 EP - 96 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0270-4145, 0270-4145 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - Cleft Palate -- etiology KW - Morphogenesis KW - Mice KW - Epithelium -- metabolism KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Mesoderm -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - RNA, Messenger -- isolation & purification KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- genetics KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76680300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+craniofacial+genetics+and+developmental+biology&rft.atitle=Glucocorticoid+receptor+expression+during+the+development+of+the+embryonic+mouse+secondary+palate.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BMcNabb%2C+F+M%3BLau%2C+C&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+craniofacial+genetics+and+developmental+biology&rft.issn=02704145&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-27 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute spermatogenic effects of bromoacetic acids. AN - 76642715; 8050637 AB - Chlorine and bromine can react with natural organic substances in source waters to form haloacetic acids, major disinfection by-products of water chlorination. Several toxic effects including testicular damage have been attributed to the chloroacetic acids but little information is available on the bromine analogues. In this report we present the results of acute toxicity and acute spermatotoxicity studies of monobromoacetic acid (MBAA) and dibromoacetic acid (DBAA). In adult male rats the acute oral toxicity of MBAA was 10-fold that of DBAA (LD50 177 vs 1737 mg/kg). No reproductive-related endpoints were affected in rats given a single dose of 100 mg MBAA/kg or 14 daily doses of 25 mg MBAA/kg/day. In rats dosed with DBAA, serum testosterone fell to 17% of control 2 days after a single dose of 1250 mg/kg but returned to control levels by Day 14. Marked effects on sperm motion were seen on post-treatment Days 14 and 28. Degenerative flagellar changes in cauda sperm were present on Day 14 while abnormal sperm head shapes and flagellar degeneration were observed in both caput and cauda sperm on Day 28. Histopathology indicated altered spermiation at all time-points as evidenced by retention of Step 19 spermatids beyond Stage VIII of the cycle of the seminiferous epithelium. Disorganization, distortion, and degeneration of late spermatids were also observed. On Day 14 structures resembling residual bodies were rarely seen in the testis but were numerous in the epididymis. Caput sperm counts were decreased on Day 2 and cauda sperm counts were decreased on Days 14 and 28.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Linder, R E AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Strader, L F AU - Suarez, J D AU - Dyer, C J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 422 EP - 430 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - dibromoacetic acid KW - 631-64-1 KW - bromoacetate KW - 68-10-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sperm Count -- drug effects KW - Seminiferous Tubules -- drug effects KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Seminiferous Tubules -- cytology KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Spermatozoa -- ultrastructure KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Spermatogenesis -- drug effects KW - Acetates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76642715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+spermatogenic+effects+of+bromoacetic+acids.&rft.au=Linder%2C+R+E%3BKlinefelter%2C+G+R%3BStrader%2C+L+F%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BDyer%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-06 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of reduced protocols for carcinogenicity testing of chemicals: report of a joint EPA/NIEHS workshop. AN - 76624357; 8041916 AB - The current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other national/international guidelines specify the use of two species and two sexes rodents (usually the rat and the mouse) for carcinogenicity testing of chemicals. In view of the enormous number of chemicals to be tested, the high cost of testing, and the large number of animals used in the present protocol, many academic, industrial, and government authorities are examining the possibility of using a reduced protocol (less than two species and two sexes of rodents) for carcinogenicity testing of chemicals. The use of a reduced protocol offers many advantages as well as some disadvantages. To pursue further the potential implications and impacts of using a reduced protocol for carcinogenicity testing on the processes of hazard identification and risk assessment, a workshop entitled "Evaluation of Reduced Protocols for Carcinogenicity Testing of Chemicals" was held at the Embassy Suites Hotel in Alexandria, Virginia on September 22 and 23, 1992. It was cosponsored by EPA's Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances (OPPTS) and the National Toxicology Program of the National Institutes of Environmental Health Sciences (NTP/NIEHS) and attended by more than 60 participants from government, industry, academia, and the general public. The Expert Consensus Panel and most of the participants supported the use of reduced protocols in carcinogenicity testing. However, it was recognized that reduced protocols may not be appropriate for the testing of all chemicals and that additional analyses/data may be needed for selection of the most appropriate reduced protocol for certain chemicals/chemical classes. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Lai, D Y AU - Baetcke, K P AU - Vu, V T AU - Cotruvo, J A AU - Eustis, S L AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 183 EP - 201 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Information Systems KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Female KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- standards KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76624357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+reduced+protocols+for+carcinogenicity+testing+of+chemicals%3A+report+of+a+joint+EPA%2FNIEHS+workshop.&rft.au=Lai%2C+D+Y%3BBaetcke%2C+K+P%3BVu%2C+V+T%3BCotruvo%2C+J+A%3BEustis%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Lai&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-24 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impairment of growth and immune function of avocet chicks from sites with elevated selenium, arsenic, and boron. AN - 76594671; 8028107 AB - Avocets (Recurvirostra americana) hatched from eggs collected from the south Central Valley of California (USA) were studied to determine the impact of elevated concentrations of selenium, arsenic, and boron on the immune system and growth to maturity. Corcoran ponds were the reference site with low selenium (1.2 ppb) and arsenic (29 ppb) (boron not measured). Westfarmers Pond had elevated concentrations of selenium (319 ppb), arsenic (127 ppb), and boron (109 ppm). Pryse ponds also had elevated selenium, arsenic, and boron concentrations (13.9 ppb, 1,100 ppb, and 29.4 ppm, respectively). Size at hatch was significantly reduced (P < or = 0.05) in birds from Westfarmers and Pryse ponds. The growth rate was faster, but mean adult size was reduced in birds from Pryse ponds. Avocet chicks from Pryse and Westfarmers ponds exposed solely through in ovo transfer of these elements had significantly increased heterophil:lymphocyte ratios. The phagocytic activity of macrophages also was significantly reduced in these birds, and Pryse Pond birds had an increased proliferative ability of lymphocytes in the presence of concanavalin A, a T-cell mitogen. Avocet chicks (< or = 5 wk old) were captured from the various ponds and the same morphometric and immune function measurements made. The birds that were most severely impacted by exposure to these compounds were those that were collected from Pryse ponds. JF - Journal of wildlife diseases AU - Fairbrother, A AU - Fix, M AU - O'Hara, T AU - Ribic, C A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Corvallis, Oregon 97333. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 222 EP - 233 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0090-3558, 0090-3558 KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Boron KW - N9E3X5056Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Muscles -- chemistry KW - Macrophages -- drug effects KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Leukocyte Count -- veterinary KW - California KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Leukocyte Count -- drug effects KW - Fresh Water -- analysis KW - Eggs -- analysis KW - Phagocytosis -- drug effects KW - Immunity -- drug effects KW - Growth -- drug effects KW - Boron -- analysis KW - Arsenic -- adverse effects KW - Selenium -- analysis KW - Arsenic -- analysis KW - Selenium -- adverse effects KW - Boron -- adverse effects KW - Birds -- growth & development KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Birds -- immunology KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- analysis KW - Birds -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76594671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+wildlife+diseases&rft.atitle=Impairment+of+growth+and+immune+function+of+avocet+chicks+from+sites+with+elevated+selenium%2C+arsenic%2C+and+boron.&rft.au=Fairbrother%2C+A%3BFix%2C+M%3BO%27Hara%2C+T%3BRibic%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Fairbrother&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=222&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+wildlife+diseases&rft.issn=00903558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-08 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response assessment of airborne methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) following a metam sodium spill. AN - 76553109; 8008928 AB - A tank car derailment in northern California in 1991 spilled metam sodium into the Sacramento River, and released its breakdown product, methyl isothiocyanate (MITC), into the air. This paper describes the risk evaluation process used. Over 240 individuals reported symptoms such as eye and throat irritation, dizziness, and shortness of breath. Reference exposure levels (RELs) for 1 hr were developed for MITC and compared to exposure concentrations. Ocular irritation in cats was the most sensitive endpoint reported. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL), divided by an uncertainty factor (UF) of 100, produced an REL of 0.5 ppb of MITC in air to prevent discomfort. An REL to prevent disability was estimated to be 40 ppb. An REL to prevent life-threatening injury was estimated to be 150 ppb. Measured MITC levels ranged from 0.2-37 ppb and estimated peak levels ranged from 140-1600 ppb. The usefulness of RELs for emergency planning is discussed. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Alexeeff, G V AU - Shusterman, D J AU - Howd, R A AU - Jackson, R J AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 191 EP - 198 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Isothiocyanates KW - Thiocarbamates KW - methyldithiocarbamate KW - 144-54-7 KW - methyl isothiocyanate KW - RWE2M5YDW1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - California KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Accidents KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Emergencies KW - Herbicides -- adverse effects KW - Thiocarbamates -- chemistry KW - Isothiocyanates -- adverse effects KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Isothiocyanates -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76553109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Dose-response+assessment+of+airborne+methyl+isothiocyanate+%28MITC%29+following+a+metam+sodium+spill.&rft.au=Alexeeff%2C+G+V%3BShusterman%2C+D+J%3BHowd%2C+R+A%3BJackson%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Alexeeff&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-19 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organochlorine exposure estimation in the study of cancer etiology. AN - 76448306; 8162880 AB - This paper discusses sampling and design considerations relevant to the estimation of exposure to organochlorine compounds in epidemiological studies. We consider exposures measured directly via biomarkers of exposure in the body. It is critical for the design, implementation, and evaluation of studies that epidemiologists and biostatisticians be familiar with methodological issues relevant to the direct measure of exposure. Etiologic, toxicokinetic, quality control and quality assurance, and statistical sampling are discussed. Finally, the limitations of these studies and the need for complete reporting of methods are discussed. JF - Environmental research AU - Woodruff, T AU - Wolff, M S AU - Davis, D L AU - Hayward, D AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 132 EP - 144 VL - 65 IS - 1 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Calibration KW - Quality Control KW - Insecticides -- metabolism KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Insecticides -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76448306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+research&rft.atitle=Organochlorine+exposure+estimation+in+the+study+of+cancer+etiology.&rft.au=Woodruff%2C+T%3BWolff%2C+M+S%3BDavis%2C+D+L%3BHayward%2C+D&rft.aulast=Woodruff&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=132&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-20 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cyclopenta[cd]pyrene-induced tumorigenicity, Ki-ras codon 12 mutations and DNA adducts in strain A/J mouse lung. AN - 76427497; 8149468 AB - Cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP) is a ubiquitous cyclopenta-fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. CPP is highly genotoxic in bacterial and mammalian systems inducing gene mutations, sister chromatid exchanges and morphological transformation. CPP is a mouse skin carcinogen, a mouse skin tumor initiator and induces pulmonary tumors in newborn mice. We have examined the tumorigenic activity of CPP in strain A/J mice, have determined the formation and persistence of CPP-induced DNA adducts in lung tissue, and analyzed the mutational spectrum in the Ki-ras oncogene from CPP-induced tumors. CPP dissolved in tricaprylin was administered by i.p. injection to male A/J mice (20 mice/dose) at 0, 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg. Animals were killed 8 months later and the lungs removed, fixed, and surface adenomas enumerated. CPP proved to be highly tumorigenic in A/J mice in terms of inducing lung adenomas. The observed tumor multiplicities (lung adenomas/mouse) were: 97.7 +/- 28.7 at 200 mg/kg, 32.8 +/- 15.4 at 100 mg/kg, 4.63 +/- 2.11 at 50 mg/kg and 0.58 +/- 0.82 at 10 mg/kg. Tricaprylin-treated controls produced 0.60 +/- 0.58 lung adenomas/mouse. Groups of mice treated under the same dosing conditions as those in the tumor studies were killed 1, 3, 7, 14 and 21 days after treatment. The lungs were removed, and the DNA was subjected to DNA adduct analysis by the 32P-postlabeling method. Total CPP-DNA adducts in mouse lung peaked at day 3 with 5870 amol CPP adducts/micrograms DNA after a single dose of 200 mg/kg. DNA adduct levels decreased to 1800 amol CPP adducts/micrograms DNA at day 21. Qualitative DNA adduct analysis revealed four major adducts and one minor adduct. Co-chromatography of the lung DNA from CPP-treated mice with calf thymus DNA treated with CPP-3,4-oxide indicated that all DNA adducts were oxide derived and comparison with CPP-3,4-oxide-treated polydeoxyguanylic acid suggests that almost all of these adducts are CPP-3,4-oxide-2'-deoxyguanosine adducts. Ki-ras codon 12 mutation analysis of the DNA from tumors taken from the 100 and 200 mg/kg CPP dose groups demonstrated the following patterns: GGT-->CGT (50%); GGT-->GTT (15%); GGT-->TGT (25%); GGT-->GAT (10%). We conclude that CPP is highly tumorigenic in the A/J mouse lung adenoma model, being five times more active than benzo[a]pyrene. This is unlike the result of CPP as a mouse skin tumorigen or tumor initiator in which CPP is considerably less potent than benzo[a]pyrene.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Nesnow, S AU - Ross, J A AU - Nelson, G AU - Wilson, K AU - Roop, B C AU - Jeffers, A J AU - Galati, A J AU - Stoner, G D AU - Sangaiah, R AU - Gold, A AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch (MD-68), Health Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 601 EP - 606 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Ki-ras KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Primers KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - Pyrenes KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) KW - EC 3.6.5.2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred A KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - DNA -- chemistry KW - Mice KW - Male KW - DNA Primers -- chemistry KW - Genes, ras KW - Pyrenes -- toxicity KW - DNA Damage KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76427497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Cyclopenta%5Bcd%5Dpyrene-induced+tumorigenicity%2C+Ki-ras+codon+12+mutations+and+DNA+adducts+in+strain+A%2FJ+mouse+lung.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J+A%3BNelson%2C+G%3BWilson%2C+K%3BRoop%2C+B+C%3BJeffers%2C+A+J%3BGalati%2C+A+J%3BStoner%2C+G+D%3BSangaiah%2C+R%3BGold%2C+A&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=601&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-12 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - Ki-ras N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Carcinogenesis 1994 Jul;15(7):1471 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host determinants of cellular and biochemical constituents of bronchoalveolar lavage fluids. Implications for design of epidemiologic studies. AN - 76419192; 8143053 AB - The effects of demographic characteristics, exercise, environmental exposures, and other host factors on cellular and biochemical constituents of human bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids were investigated by studying more than 300 specimens obtained from normal volunteers and assayed in a single center. The BAL data demonstrated associations with race, smoking, exercise, skin-test reactions, and blood constituents, and weak or no associations with age, sex, pulmonary function tests (PFT), or ambient ozone exposure. The effect of exercise was relatively strong and more clearly characterized than in previous studies. Smoking effects were similar to those observed in other studies; our ability to study age and ambient ozone effects was greatly limited because of the homogeneity of the population under study. Blood constituents of the subjects also showed an association with level of exercise. Analysis of intraindividual and interindividual variability in BAL constituents results suggested that matching, although desirable, is not essential for the maintenance of adequate statistical power in BAL studies, so observational studies of the effects from air pollution on BAL fluids in humans could be effectively conducted using cross-sectional designs. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Everson, R B AU - Schreinemachers, D M AU - Devlin, R B AU - Koren, H S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 899 EP - 904 VL - 149 IS - 4 Pt 1 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Reference Values KW - Age Factors KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Sex Factors KW - Humans KW - Continental Population Groups KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Exercise KW - Smoking -- epidemiology KW - Ozone -- adverse effects KW - Demography KW - Bronchoscopy -- methods KW - Adult KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Male KW - Research Design -- statistics & numerical data KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- chemistry KW - Epidemiologic Methods KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76419192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Host+determinants+of+cellular+and+biochemical+constituents+of+bronchoalveolar+lavage+fluids.+Implications+for+design+of+epidemiologic+studies.&rft.au=Everson%2C+R+B%3BSchreinemachers%2C+D+M%3BDevlin%2C+R+B%3BKoren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Everson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=149&rft.issue=4+Pt+1&rft.spage=899&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-04 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethylene thiourea (ETU). A review of the genetic toxicity studies. AN - 76411468; 7511791 AB - Ethylene thiourea (ETU) is a common contaminant, metabolite and degradation product of the fungicide class of ethylene bisdithiocarbamates (EBDCs); as such, they present possible exposure and toxicological concerns to exposed individuals. ETU has been assayed in many different tests to assess genotoxicity activity. While a great number of negative results are found in the data base, there is evidence that demonstrates ETU is capable of inducing genotoxic endpoints. These include responses for gene mutations (e.g. Salmonella), structural chromosomal alterations (e.g. aberrations in cultured mammalian cells as well as a dominant lethal assay) and other genotoxic effects (e.g. bacterial rec assay and several yeast assays). It is important to consider the magnitude of the positive responses as well as the concentrations/doses used when assessing the genotoxicity of ETU. While ETU induces a variety of genotoxic endpoints, it does not appear to be a potent genotoxic agent. For example, it is a weak bacterial mutagen in the Salmonella assay without activation in strain TA1535 at concentrations generally above 1000 micrograms/plate. Weak genotoxic activity of this sort is usually observed in most of the assays with positive results. Since ETU does not appear very potent and is not extremely toxic to test cells and organisms, it is not surprising to find that ETU does not produce consistent effects in many of the assays reviewed. Consequently, in many instances, mixed results for the same assay type are reported by different investigators, but as reviewed herein, these results may be dependent upon the test conditions in each individual laboratory. A primary shortcoming with many of the reported negative results is that the concentrations or doses used are not high enough for an adequate test for ETU activity. There are also problems with many of the negative assays generally in protocol or reporting, particularly with the in vivo studies (e.g. inappropriate sample number and/or sampling times; inadequate top dose employed). Overall, while ETU does not appear to be a potent genotoxic agent, it is capable of producing genotoxic effects (e.g. gene mutations, structural chromosomal aberrations). This provides a basis for weak genotoxic activity by ETU. Furthermore, based on a suggestive dominant lethal positive result, there may be a concern for heritable effects. Due to the many problems with the conduct and assessment of the in vivo assays, it is worth repeating in vivo cytogenetic assays and a dominant lethal assay (with acceptable test procedures and data generation) to determine if these results would continue to support a heritable mutagenicity concern. JF - Mutation research AU - Dearfield, K L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 111 EP - 132 VL - 317 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Ethylenethiourea KW - 24FOJ4N18S KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Ethylenethiourea -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76411468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Ethylene+thiourea+%28ETU%29.+A+review+of+the+genetic+toxicity+studies.&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=317&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-04 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environment on Rise as Antarctic Priority AN - 61617907; 199400869 AB - Argues that changes in public attitudes on the value of the global environment have bolstered efforts by the US Antarctic Program (USAP) to serve as a responsible steward in Antarctica. With articulation of its operating philosophy in 1992, the USAP provided clear direction for researchers regarding environmental protection. A pivotal assumption of the philosophy is that all program participants are amenable to behavioral & lifestyle changes that can minimize, mitigate, or control the effects of their presence on the Antarctic. The USAP recognizes keenly that poor stewardship will undermine the unique conditions that make Antarctica such a valuable place to conduct research. Modified AA JF - Forum for Applied Research and Public Policy AU - Draggan, Sidney AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St NW Washington DC 20460-0001 Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 89 EP - 92 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 0887-8218, 0887-8218 KW - environmental protection efforts, US Antarctic Program KW - Programs KW - Antarctica KW - Social Attitudes KW - Associations KW - United States of America KW - Environmental Protection KW - Public Opinion KW - article KW - 7214: social planning/policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61617907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forum+for+Applied+Research+and+Public+Policy&rft.atitle=Environment+on+Rise+as+Antarctic+Priority&rft.au=Draggan%2C+Sidney&rft.aulast=Draggan&rft.aufirst=Sidney&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forum+for+Applied+Research+and+Public+Policy&rft.issn=08878218&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental Protection; Antarctica; United States of America; Associations; Programs; Public Opinion; Social Attitudes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methanogenesis and sulfate reduction in chemostats; II, Model development and verification AN - 52799004; 1996-069599 JF - Water Research (Oxford) AU - Gupta, Ashutosh AU - Flora, Joseph R V AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Suidan, Makram T Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 795 EP - 803 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - degradation KW - waste water KW - landfills KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - iron KW - remediation KW - substrates KW - ferric iron KW - chemostat KW - acetic acid KW - toxicity KW - carboxylic acids KW - leachate KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - methane KW - gaseous phase KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - alkanes KW - bioremediation KW - genesis KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - waste disposal KW - SEM data KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52799004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Methanogenesis+and+sulfate+reduction+in+chemostats%3B+II%2C+Model+development+and+verification&rft.au=Gupta%2C+Ashutosh%3BFlora%2C+Joseph+R+V%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=Ashutosh&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=795&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00431354 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - 11 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WATRAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetic acid; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; biodegradation; biogenic processes; bioremediation; carboxylic acids; chemostat; degradation; effluents; experimental studies; ferric iron; gaseous phase; genesis; hydrocarbons; hydrogen sulfide; iron; kinetics; landfills; leachate; metals; methane; microorganisms; organic acids; organic compounds; oxidation; physicochemical properties; pollution; reduction; remediation; SEM data; soils; steady-state processes; substrates; sulfate ion; toxicity; waste disposal; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methanogenesis and sulfate reduction in chemostats; I, Kinetic studies and experiments AN - 52795762; 1996-069598 JF - Water Research (Oxford) AU - Gupta, Ashutosh AU - Flora, Joseph R V AU - Gupta, Munish AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Suidan, Makram T Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 781 EP - 793 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - degradation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - iron KW - remediation KW - substrates KW - ferric iron KW - toxicity KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - methane KW - gaseous phase KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - alkanes KW - genesis KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - metals KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrocarbons KW - SEM data KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52795762?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Methanogenesis+and+sulfate+reduction+in+chemostats%3B+I%2C+Kinetic+studies+and+experiments&rft.au=Gupta%2C+Ashutosh%3BFlora%2C+Joseph+R+V%3BGupta%2C+Munish%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=Ashutosh&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=781&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00431354 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WATRAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; biodegradation; biogenic processes; degradation; effluents; experimental studies; ferric iron; gaseous phase; genesis; hydrocarbons; hydrogen sulfide; iron; kinetics; metals; methane; microorganisms; organic compounds; oxidation; physicochemical properties; pollution; reduction; remediation; SEM data; steady-state processes; substrates; sulfate ion; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microwave-assisted extraction of organic compounds from standard reference soils and sediments AN - 50228907; 1994-043168 JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC) AU - Lopez-Avila, Victoria AU - Young, Richard AU - Beckert, Werner F Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 1097 EP - 1106 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 66 IS - 7 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - microwave methods KW - laboratory studies KW - sample preparation KW - organic compounds KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50228907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.atitle=Microwave-assisted+extraction+of+organic+compounds+from+standard+reference+soils+and+sediments&rft.au=Lopez-Avila%2C+Victoria%3BYoung%2C+Richard%3BBeckert%2C+Werner+F&rft.aulast=Lopez-Avila&rft.aufirst=Victoria&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1097&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; chemical composition; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; microwave methods; organic compounds; organic materials; pollutants; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sample preparation; sediments; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of background levels of contaminants AN - 50215928; 1994-050624 JF - Mathematical Geology AU - Singh, Anita AU - Singh, Ashok K AU - Flatman, George Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 361 EP - 388 PB - Plenum [for the] International Association for Mathematical Geology, New York-London VL - 26 IS - 3 SN - 0882-8121, 0882-8121 KW - robust confidence limits KW - multivariate analysis KW - pollutants KW - background level KW - statistical analysis KW - quality control KW - kriging KW - pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50215928?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathematical+Geology&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+background+levels+of+contaminants&rft.au=Singh%2C+Anita%3BSingh%2C+Ashok+K%3BFlatman%2C+George&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Anita&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=361&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mathematical+Geology&rft.issn=08828121&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MATGED N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - background level; kriging; multivariate analysis; pollutants; pollution; quality control; robust confidence limits; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Midwest flood of 1993; the role of ground water and a continuing disaster AN - 50155334; 1995-029663 JF - Ground Water AU - Job, Charles A Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 178 EP - 179 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - geologic hazards KW - floods KW - damage KW - discharge KW - water resources KW - Midwest KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50155334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=The+Midwest+flood+of+1993%3B+the+role+of+ground+water+and+a+continuing+disaster&rft.au=Job%2C+Charles+A&rft.aulast=Job&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - damage; discharge; floods; geologic hazards; ground water; Midwest; United States; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow characteristics of the 1993 Missouri River flood determined from flood plain erosion and deposition, Kansas City to St. Louis AN - 50129997; 1995-054871 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Dohrenwend, J C AU - Stone, B D AU - Anderson, M AU - Derasary, L AU - Dohrenwend, K A AU - Laustrup, M AU - Miller, R AU - Owens, T AU - Tortorici, C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 180 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 16, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Missouri River KW - imagery KW - geologic hazards KW - erosion KW - Missouri KW - floodplains KW - terraces KW - mud KW - sediments KW - floods KW - sand KW - clastic sediments KW - sedimentation KW - channels KW - silt KW - indicators KW - Missouri River valley KW - fluvial sedimentation KW - levees KW - Landsat KW - streamflow KW - deposition KW - classification KW - fluvial features KW - aerial photography KW - remote sensing KW - Midwest KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50129997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Flow+characteristics+of+the+1993+Missouri+River+flood+determined+from+flood+plain+erosion+and+deposition%2C+Kansas+City+to+St.+Louis&rft.au=Dohrenwend%2C+J+C%3BStone%2C+B+D%3BAnderson%2C+M%3BDerasary%2C+L%3BDohrenwend%2C+K+A%3BLaustrup%2C+M%3BMiller%2C+R%3BOwens%2C+T%3BTortorici%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dohrenwend&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=16%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerial photography; channels; classification; clastic sediments; deposition; erosion; floodplains; floods; fluvial features; fluvial sedimentation; geologic hazards; imagery; indicators; Landsat; levees; Midwest; Missouri; Missouri River; Missouri River valley; mud; remote sensing; sand; sedimentation; sediments; silt; streamflow; terraces; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical modeling of the three-dimensional subsurface flow, and fate and transport of microbes and chemicals in saturated-unsaturated aquifers (3DFATMIC) AN - 50080826; 1995-067841 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Cheng, Jing-Ru AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Short, Thomas E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/04// PY - 1994 DA - April 1994 SP - 145 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 16, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - solute transport KW - 3DFATMIC KW - 3DLEZOOMPC KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - chemical dispersion KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - advection KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - saturated zone KW - digital simulation KW - hydrodynamics KW - microorganisms KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50080826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Numerical+modeling+of+the+three-dimensional+subsurface+flow%2C+and+fate+and+transport+of+microbes+and+chemicals+in+saturated-unsaturated+aquifers+%283DFATMIC%29&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Jing-Ru%3BYeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BShort%2C+Thomas+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Jing-Ru&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=16%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 3DFATMIC; 3DLEZOOMPC; advection; aquifers; chemical dispersion; data processing; digital simulation; ground water; hydrodynamics; microorganisms; numerical models; pollution; saturated zone; solute transport; three-dimensional models; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response relationship for rat liver DNA damage caused by 49 rodent carcinogens. AN - 76447987; 8160204 AB - An experimental approach was taken to the question of dose-response curves for chemical carcinogenesis. DNA damage in female rat liver was chosen as the experimental parameter because all chemicals found to damage hepatic DNA were rodent carcinogens. The lowest dose causing DNA damage was determined for the 12 active chemicals (1,2-dibromoethane, 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,4-dioxane, methylene chloride, auramine O, Michler's ketone, selenium sulfide, 1,3-dichloropropene, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, N-nitroso-piperidine and butylated hydroxytoluene). The resulting dose-response curves for rat hepatic DNA damage were plotted versus log of the molar dose (all activity was in five orders of magnitude) and versus percent of chemicals' oral rat LD50 (most of the activity was in only two orders of magnitude). Dose-response studies of the active chemicals were analyzed by regression methods. With the exception of butylated hydroxytoluene, the dose-response curves fit a linear model well (r2 = 0.886) and a quadratic model even better (r2 = 0.947). Based on experimental data from 11 DNA-damaging carcinogens (a dose range of 6 orders of magnitude), an equation and graph of the dose-response relationship of an 'average DNA-damaging carcinogen' is presented over the x-axis dose range of eight orders of magnitude. JF - Toxicology AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/03/11/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Mar 11 SP - 31 EP - 49 VL - 88 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Regression Analysis KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Female KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - DNA Damage KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76447987?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dose-response+relationship+for+rat+liver+DNA+damage+caused+by+49+rodent+carcinogens.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-03-11&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-18 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of toluene inhalation on detection of auditory signals in rats. AN - 76637991; 8052189 AB - Inhalation of organic solvents can affect vigilance and reaction time in humans. An animal model of vigilance was designed to assess the effects of toluene on these processes. Adult male Long-Evans rats were trained to detect auditory signals (20-msec increases in the intensity of white noise). Two to 4 s after each signal (or blank period), two retractable levers were inserted into the test chamber. A press on one lever after a signal and on the other lever after a blank resulted in the delivery of food. Signal detection analysis showed that sensitivity (Sensitivity Index, SI) and response bias (Responsivity Index, RI) increased with signal intensity, indicating that loud signals were more detectable than soft signals and that the animals' criterion for responding "signal" increased with signal intensity. Response latency for correct choices was faster for signal trials than for blank trials. Toluene vapor was added to the airstream of these chambers at concentrations of 0, 1000, 1500, or 2000 ppm, either 10 or 30 min before testing and for the duration of each 1-h test. In air, SI increased across the duration of the test; this within-session improvement was reversed by toluene. RI did not change in air; it was decreased by toluene at the beginning of each exposure session, returned to the control level during exposure to 1000 and 1500 ppm toluene and exceeded air control after 40 min exposure to 2000 ppm toluene. Latency increased monotonically across toluene concentrations and time on test. Neither signal intensity nor the duration of toluene exposure before testing altered these effects of toluene. SI, RI, and latency baselines were recovered after toluene exposure indicating that no persistent effects of toluene were detectable. This conclusion was supported by data from other rats showing that toluene exposure (2000 ppm for 2 h/day for 4 consecutive days) did not affect auditory thresholds, as determined by reflex modification of an acoustic startle response using a 16 kHz tone as a prepulse stimulus, 7 or 17 days after exposure to toluene. Finally, rats tested immediately or 20 min after exposure to 0, 1000, 1500, or 2000 ppm toluene were not affected by the vapor, indicating that the impairment observed during toluene inhalation did not persist beyond the period of exposure. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Kelly, K L AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 149 EP - 160 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Toluene KW - 3FPU23BG52 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Auditory Threshold -- drug effects KW - Reflex -- drug effects KW - Arousal -- drug effects KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Male KW - Audiometry, Evoked Response KW - Hearing -- drug effects KW - Toluene -- administration & dosage KW - Toluene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76637991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+toluene+inhalation+on+detection+of+auditory+signals+in+rats.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BKelly%2C+K+L%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-06 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polychlorinated biphenyls as hormonally active structural analogues. AN - 76612315; 8033869 AB - Among the environmental chemicals that may be able to disrupt the endocrine systems of animals and humans, the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a chemical class of considerable concern. One possible mechanism by which PCBs may interfere with endocrine function is their ability to mimic natural hormones. These actions reflect a close relationship between the physicochemical properties encoded in the PCB molecular structure and the responses they evoke in biological systems. These physicochemical properties determine the molecular reactivities of PCBs and are responsible for their recognition at biological acceptors and receptors, as well as for triggering molecular mechanisms that lead to tissue response. "Coplanarity" of PCB phenyl rings and "laterality" of chlorine atoms are important structural features determining specific binding behavior with proteins and certain toxic responses in biological systems. We compare qualitative structure-activity relationships for PCBs with the limited information on the related non-coplanar chlorinated diphenyl ethers, providing further insights into the nature of the molecular recognition processes and support for the structural relationship of PCBs to thyroid hormones. Steroidlike activity requires conformational restriction and possibly hydroxylation. We offer some simple molecular recognition models to account for the importance of these different structural features in the structure-activity relationships that permit one to express PCB reactivities in terms of dioxin, thyroxine, and estradiol equivalents. The available data support the involvement of PCBs as mimics of thyroid and other steroidal hormones. The potential for reproductive and developmental toxicity associated with human exposure to PCBs is of particular concern.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - McKinney, J D AU - Waller, C L AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - March 1994 SP - 290 EP - 297 VL - 102 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Hormones KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Cell Surface KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Receptors, Cell Surface -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Models, Molecular KW - Humans KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Hormones -- pharmacology KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacology KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Hormones -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- poisoning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76612315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Polychlorinated+biphenyls+as+hormonally+active+structural+analogues.&rft.au=McKinney%2C+J+D%3BWaller%2C+C+L&rft.aulast=McKinney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-16 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Med Chem. 1986 May;29(5):641-8 [3009810] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Apr;20(3):288-94 [8504902] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Sep 30;85(3):301-12 [3094194] J Med Chem. 1987 Jan;30(1):79-86 [3100800] Biochem J. 1986 Dec 1;240(2):621-2 [3101675] Mol Pharmacol. 1988 Jan;33(1):120-6 [3122017] J Med Chem. 1988 Feb;31(2):357-62 [2828621] J Steroid Biochem. 1988 Aug;31(2):247-9 [3404994] Environ Health Perspect. 1989 May;81:225-39 [2503374] Arch Toxicol. 1989;63(3):193-202 [2764705] Environ Health Perspect. 1989 Jul;82:323-36 [2551666] J Clin Chem Clin Biochem. 1990 Mar;28(3):155-61 [2109784] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Sep 1;105(2):254-63 [2120796] J Mol Graph. 1990 Jun;8(2):81-5, 89-90 [2282355] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 May;20(4):496-502 [8314464] Reprod Toxicol. 1993 May-Jun;7(3):237-48 [8318755] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 Jun 30;193(3):956-62 [8391813] Arch Biol (Liege). 1964;75:529-65 [14276590] J Biol Chem. 1971 Jan 10;246(1):44-9 [5541771] Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo). 1973 Oct;21(10):2237-42 [4204598] Nature. 1977 Jul 14;268(5616):115-20 [201845] Chem Biol Interact. 1978 Dec;23(3):315-30 [719812] Recent Prog Horm Res. 1978;34:437-75 [216059] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1980 May;53(3):389-98 [6770495] J Chromatogr. 1980 Sep 19;197(2):155-69 [7451593] Chem Biol Interact. 1981 Jan;33(2-3):271-83 [6257406] Mol Pharmacol. 1981 Jul;20(1):43-51 [6270536] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1985 Mar 29;127(3):890-5 [3838668] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 May;60:57-68 [2992928] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Sep;61:147-62 [3905371] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Sep;61:41-53 [2998749] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Apr;113(2):284-92 [1561637] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):47-55 [1316647] J Biol Chem. 1992 Nov 15;267(32):23248-52 [1331079] J Med Chem. 1992 Oct 2;35(20):3660-6 [1331446] Chem Res Toxicol. 1992 Nov-Dec;5(6):856-62 [1336992] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1986 Apr 14;136(1):294-9 [3707577] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proposed protocols for the determination of potential ocular effects of organophosphorus pesticides. AN - 76598711; 8027508 AB - The US Environmental Protection Agency now requires ocular toxicity testing to support the registration of organophosphorus pesticides. As a first step toward guideline development for the conduct of these studies, preliminary protocols for ocular toxicity testing in the non-rodent and rodent are being proposed by the Office of Pesticide Programs. Proposed protocol parameters include determination of animal health status, measurement of plasma, erythrocyte and retinal cholinesterase activities, ocular assessment by routine ophthalmological examination, slit lamp biomicroscopy, fundic observations, tonometry, electroretinography and determination of objective refractivity, pupillary response and tracking. Gross and detailed histopathological examinations of ocular system components would also be conducted. Associated questions and concerns with regard to ocular toxicity testing are presented. The Agency plans to hold a workshop in the near future to discuss issues related to protocol refinement and guideline development. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Hamernik, K L AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460. PY - 1994 SP - 131 EP - 134 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Safety KW - Rats KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Dogs KW - Microscopy, Electron KW - Female KW - Male KW - Electroretinography KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Eye -- pathology KW - Eye -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76598711?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Proposed+protocols+for+the+determination+of+potential+ocular+effects+of+organophosphorus+pesticides.&rft.au=Hamernik%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Hamernik&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of organophosphates on the visual system of rats. AN - 76593864; 8027509 AB - The possibility that exposure to organophosphate insecticides can lead to ocular damage is suggested by Japanese studies from the 1960s and 1970s indicating that exposed humans developed chronic ocular degeneration, in addition to showing more commonly accepted effects of cholinesterase-inhibiting compounds. Other papers reported ocular lesions in laboratory animals treated with organophosphates. More recently, retinal degeneration following chronic organophosphate treatment has been reported to the Environmental Protection Agency by pesticide manufacturers in studies conducted in compliance with good laboratory practice regulations. Several factors, however, have prompted scepticism regarding organophosphate-induced ocular toxicity, including the widespread use of organophosphate compounds for both agricultural and ophthalmological practices without numerous additional reports of comparable ocular toxicity. We are developing a research program to address these issues involving electrophysiological, biochemical and histological investigations of rats treated with organophosphate insecticides. The research program is young, but early results are available. Notably, retinas from rats treated with a single subcutaneous injection of 100 mg kg-1 fenthion showed decreases in carbachol-stimulated release of inositol phosphate, an indicator of cholinergically-mediated intracellular second messenger systems. These effects persisted at least 56 days after fenthion administration. This could indicate several different toxicological actions, which are currently under investigation. It is concluded that the possible association between exposure to organophosphates and ocular toxicity cannot be dismissed, and that several important research issues need to be resolved. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Boyes, W K AU - Tandon, P AU - Barone, S AU - Padilla, S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. PY - 1994 SP - 135 EP - 143 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Fenthion KW - BL0L45OVKT KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Animals KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Fenthion -- toxicity KW - Retina -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Retina -- enzymology KW - Research KW - Electroretinography KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- drug effects KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- toxicity KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Eye -- pathology KW - Eye -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76593864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Effects+of+organophosphates+on+the+visual+system+of+rats.&rft.au=Boyes%2C+W+K%3BTandon%2C+P%3BBarone%2C+S%3BPadilla%2C+S&rft.aulast=Boyes&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ocular effects of organophosphates: a historical perspective of Saku disease. AN - 76589721; 8027507 AB - Many publications, primarily of work performed in Japan, report findings in human populations of an increased incidence of myopia and of a more advanced visual disease syndrome (Saku disease), which reportedly correlated with increasing use of organophosphate pesticides in agriculture. Follow-up studies in animals performed in Japan using such agents as ethylthiometon, fenthion and fenitrothion demonstrate adverse effects of organophosphates on the visual system. The several ocular effects in question are dose dependent, ranging in severity from lenticular and electro-retinographic changes to the seemingly more serious histophysiological changes in such tissues as the ciliary body and retina. An important question arising from this work is that of the role of cholinesterase inhibition in the etiology of the effects. Studies currently in progress on particular organophosphates being conducted at EPA's research facility and by certain registrants of pesticides, which are in various stages of completion, appear to be substantiating much that has been reported in Japan. While animal studies clearly show that some organophosphates elicit ocular toxicity, there are many knowledge gaps with regard to effects in humans and the ocular toxicity in general, e.g. time and dose dependency, cholinesterase inhibition vs ocular effects and effects of routes of exposure. Consequently, the office is unable at this time to incorporate hazard assessment data with exposure assessment data or to perform risk assessments on organophosphates based on the ocular toxicity potential of this class of chemicals. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Dementi, B AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. PY - 1994 SP - 119 EP - 129 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - ethylthiometon sulfoxide KW - 2497-07-6 KW - Fenthion KW - BL0L45OVKT KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Fenitrothion KW - W8M4X3Y7ZY KW - Index Medicus KW - Japan -- epidemiology KW - Fenitrothion -- toxicity KW - Myopia -- pathology KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Fenthion -- toxicity KW - Syndrome KW - Humans KW - Myopia -- chemically induced KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- toxicity KW - Eye -- enzymology KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Eye Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Eye Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Eye Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76589721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Ocular+effects+of+organophosphates%3A+a+historical+perspective+of+Saku+disease.&rft.au=Dementi%2C+B&rft.aulast=Dementi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1994-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of host resistance to Trichinella spiralis in mice following preinfection exposure to 2,3,7,8-TCDD. AN - 76391727; 8128497 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been reported to decrease host resistance to a variety of infectious agents when exposure occurs prior to infection. Resistance to viral infection has been observed at doses as low as 0.1 microgram TCDD/kg body wt, well below the thymolytic dose in mice. In the present study, female B6C3F1 mice were exposed to a single intraperitoneal injection of 0, 0.1, 1.0, 10.0, or 30.0 micrograms TCDD/kg 7 days prior to infection to determine the effects of TCDD exposure on resistance to the nematode parasite Trichinella spiralis. Exposure to 10 or 30 micrograms TCDD/kg delayed adult parasite elimination from the small intestine. Significantly more larvae were released by female parasites and greater numbers of encysted larvae were recovered from the muscle of mice exposed to TCDD. Proliferative responses of splenocytes and mesenteric lymph node cells stimulated with T. spiralis antigen were significantly suppressed at exposure levels of TCDD > or = 1.0 microgram/kg 7 days after infection and in splenocytes only at 14 days after infection, demonstrating the greater sensitivity of proliferative responses to TCDD exposure than actual host resistance to Ts infection. Suppressed proliferation was observed at doses which produced TCDD concentrations > or = 0.2 pmol/g of lymphoid tissue on Day 7 of infection. In addition, it was determined that infected mice had higher TCDD levels than noninfected mice given the same dose. These results suggest an interaction between TCDD exposure and infection, i.e., that exposure to TCDD altered the host response to infection, while infection delayed elimination of TCDD from the host. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Luebke, R W AU - Copeland, C B AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Akubue, P I AU - Andrews, D L AU - Riddle, M M AU - Williams, W C AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - March 1994 SP - 7 EP - 16 VL - 125 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Antigens, Helminth KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Immunity, Innate -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Intestine, Small -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Host-Parasite Interactions -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Antigens, Helminth -- immunology KW - Lymphoid Tissue -- metabolism KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Trichinellosis -- parasitology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- administration & dosage KW - Trichinellosis -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Trichinella spiralis -- isolation & purification KW - Trichinellosis -- immunology KW - Trichinella spiralis -- immunology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76391727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+host+resistance+to+Trichinella+spiralis+in+mice+following+preinfection+exposure+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-TCDD.&rft.au=Luebke%2C+R+W%3BCopeland%2C+C+B%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BAkubue%2C+P+I%3BAndrews%2C+D+L%3BRiddle%2C+M+M%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Luebke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-04-08 N1 - Date created - 1994-04-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecoregions and subregions of Iowa; a framework for water quality assessment and management AN - 51535030; 2006-084125 JF - The Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science AU - Griffith, Glenn E AU - Omernik, James M AU - Wilton, Thomas F AU - Pierson, Suzanne M Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - March 1994 SP - 5 EP - 13 PB - Iowa Academy of Science, Cedar Falls, IA VL - 101 IS - 1 SN - 0896-8381, 0896-8381 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - water management KW - ecology KW - vegetation KW - water resources KW - Iowa KW - land use KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51535030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+the+Iowa+Academy+of+Science&rft.atitle=Ecoregions+and+subregions+of+Iowa%3B+a+framework+for+water+quality+assessment+and+management&rft.au=Griffith%2C+Glenn+E%3BOmernik%2C+James+M%3BWilton%2C+Thomas+F%3BPierson%2C+Suzanne+M&rft.aulast=Griffith&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+the+Iowa+Academy+of+Science&rft.issn=08968381&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 64 N1 - PubXState - IA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate; ecology; hydrology; Iowa; land use; soils; United States; vegetation; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical contaminant reactions and assessment of soil cleanup levels for protection of groundwater AN - 51064768; 1994-045514 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Kargbo, D M Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - March 1994 SP - 105 EP - 113 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 23 IS - 2 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - desorption KW - pollutants KW - waste disposal sites KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - solution KW - ions KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - precipitation KW - Eh KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51064768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Chemical+contaminant+reactions+and+assessment+of+soil+cleanup+levels+for+protection+of+groundwater&rft.au=Kargbo%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Kargbo&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, block diag. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; chemical reactions; desorption; Eh; ground water; hazardous waste; ions; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; remediation; soils; solution; unsaturated zone; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GIS techniques applied to non-point contamination prediction in Illinois groundwater AN - 50071488; 1996-015455 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Schock, Susan C AU - Keefer, Donald AU - Mehnert, Edward AU - Ray, Chittaranjan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - March 1994 SP - 61 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - computer programs KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - geographic information systems KW - Illinois KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - information systems KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50071488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=GIS+techniques+applied+to+non-point+contamination+prediction+in+Illinois+groundwater&rft.au=Schock%2C+Susan+C%3BKeefer%2C+Donald%3BMehnert%2C+Edward%3BRay%2C+Chittaranjan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schock&rft.aufirst=Susan&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Southeastern Section, 43rd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; computer programs; data processing; geographic information systems; ground water; Illinois; information systems; pollution; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Using biopolymers to remove heavy metals from soil and water AN - 1722155121; 2015-097240 AB - Chemical remediation of soil may involve the use of harsh chemicals that generate waste streams, which may adversely affect the soil's integrity and ability to support vegetation. This article reviews the potential use of benign reagents, such as biopolymers, to extract heavy metals. The biopolymers discussed are chitin and chitosan, modified starch, cellulose, and polymer-containing algae. Abstract Copyright (1994), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Krishnamurthy, S AU - Frederick, Raymond M Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - March 1994 SP - 235 EP - 244 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - soils KW - chitin KW - waste water KW - polysaccharides KW - rivers and streams KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - vegetation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - mitigation KW - cellulose KW - reagents KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - biofilms KW - carbohydrates KW - discharge KW - polymers KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722155121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Using+biopolymers+to+remove+heavy+metals+from+soil+and+water&rft.au=Krishnamurthy%2C+S%3BFrederick%2C+Raymond+M&rft.aulast=Krishnamurthy&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440040207 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biofilms; carbohydrates; cellulose; chemical waste; chitin; decontamination; discharge; heavy metals; mitigation; organic compounds; pollution; polymers; polysaccharides; reagents; remediation; rivers and streams; soils; vegetation; waste water; water treatment DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440040207 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The nature and function of the brown cell in Crassostrea virginica AN - 16970941; 3817111 AB - This study was undertaken to determine the role of the brown cell in Crassostrea virginica in degradative and detoxification processes. Histopathological and biochemical methods were used to study brown cells in vivo and in vitro before and after treatment with organic and inorganic compounds. Histopathological examination indicated that brown cells in the connective tissue of healthy animals were sparse, and found primarily around sinusoids and in the intertubular connective tissue of the digestive diverticula. Brown cells in the auricle were derived from connective tissue of the auricular muscle bundles and occurred on the surface and within the muscle bundles. In addition, the surface of the pericardial wall was lined with brown cells. At sites of inflammation, an increase in the number and size of brown cells occurred as well as an increase in the number and color density of brown vesicles in the cytoplasm. Brown cell isolates were separated into fractions on a Percoll discontinuous gradient. Fraction 2 contained primarily what appeared to be young brown cells (nonpigmented to lightly pigmented and granular in appearance). The majority of the cells in fraction 3 were brown cells (small to large pigmented vesicles) and fraction 4 was entirely brown vesicles (devoid of a cell membrane). Toluidine blue (soluble dye) accumulated in brown cells in vivo after injection into the visceral mass and in vitro, after addition to brown cell isolates. In comparison, carmine red (colloidal dye) did not accumulate under the same conditions. It appeared that only soluble substances accumulate in brown cells, and that brown cells are incapable of phagocytosing yeast cells. Brown cell vesicles fluoresced within 2 hours after addition of FITC-bovine serum albumen and acridine orange to cell isolates and within 24 h after whole animal injection. Cadmium and nickel accumulated in brown cell isolates curvilinearly with solute concentration and uptake was by passive diffusion. Brown cells and brown vesicles possess glutathione reductase, acid phosphatase and lysozyme which indicate the vesicles are lysosomes. Brown cells accumulate soluble foreign material and have the potential to function in detoxification and degradative processes. JF - Marine environmental research. London AU - Zaroogian, G AU - Yevich, P AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - Mar 1994 SP - 355 EP - 373 VL - 37 IS - 4 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - brown cell KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - detoxification KW - histopathology KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - pollution effects KW - water pollution KW - bioaccumulation KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16970941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.atitle=The+nature+and+function+of+the+brown+cell+in+Crassostrea+virginica&rft.au=Zaroogian%2C+G%3BYevich%2C+P&rft.aulast=Zaroogian&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=355&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+environmental+research.+London&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Crassostrea virginica; detoxification; histopathology; pollution effects; bioaccumulation; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantifying subtidal macrobenthic assemblages on hard substrata using a jump camera method AN - 16849707; 3570418 AB - A quantitative technique for sampling macrobenthic assemblages on hard substrata that can be used in depths up to 100 m has been developed. A jump camera was built that recorded 0.45 m super(2) photo-quadrats of sublittoral macrobenthos. An experiment was done which compared photo-quadrats collected by the jump camera with quadrats collected in situ by SCUBA divers. This was done in habitats dominated by erect organisms (sponges, bryozoans etc.) and by flat, prostrate organisms. Results showed that there was little difference in accuracy or time required using the two techniques in both habitats. Both techniques demonstrated greater species richness and abundance in habitats dominated by erect species. Individual species of sponges, bryozoans, cnidarians and ascidians were accurately sampled using both techniques. The time required for the two techniques showed that, on average, jump camera sampling took ) 10% longer than diver sampling because of the time required to interpret photographs in the laboratory. The jump camera method is now being used in a sewage outfall monitoring program to assess spatial and temporal differences in macrobenthic assemblages living on hard substrata in deep water off the coast of Sydney, NSW, Australia. JF - Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology AU - Roberts, DE AU - Fitzhenry AU - Kennelly, S J AD - Mar. and Estuar. Waters Sect., EPA, Locked Bag 1502, Bankstown, NSW 2200, Australia Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - Mar 1994 SP - 157 EP - 170 VL - 177 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0981, 0022-0981 KW - analytical techniques KW - aquatic communities KW - jump camera KW - marine ecosystems KW - outfalls KW - quantitative distribution KW - sublittoral zone KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - pollution monitoring KW - sewage KW - benthos KW - photography KW - PSE, Australia, New South Wales, Sydney KW - Australia KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - Q4 27240:Instrumentation and process engineering KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - D 04002:Surveying and remote sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16849707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=Quantifying+subtidal+macrobenthic+assemblages+on+hard+substrata+using+a+jump+camera+method&rft.au=Roberts%2C+DE%3BFitzhenry%3BKennelly%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=177&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Experimental+Marine+Biology+and+Ecology&rft.issn=00220981&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic communities; pollution monitoring; quantitative distribution; sewage; outfalls; analytical techniques; benthos; sublittoral zone; photography; marine ecosystems; PSE, Australia, New South Wales, Sydney; Australia; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Diets of some larval Leptoceridae (Trichoptera) in south-eastern Australia AN - 16756317; 3725527 AB - Diets of 18 species of larval Leptoceridae were examined by gut analysis supplemented by observations in the field and laboratory. Food items were leaves of terrestrial origin, aquatic macrophytes, filamentous algae, animal matter, wood and fine detritus. The majority of species were large-particle detritivores (some with a tendency to herbivory), one species was predatory, and one ate fine detritus. Little selectivity was shown; availability of food items was generally more important in influencing the diet. Possible selectivity for freshly fallen green leaves of terrestrial origin was seen in many species and for wood in some species of Triplectides. Larvae were found to be feeding on whatever they were collected from, which had implications for the results of this study because this factor was not taken into consideration during collection. Feeding on the surface of the water was noticed in four species, and two of those may have utilized the surface drift as a food source. JF - Australian journal of marine and freshwater research. Melbourne AU - St Clair, RM AD - Catchment and Mar. Stud., EPA, P.O. Box 4395 QQ, Melbourne, Vic. 3001, Australia Y1 - 1994/03// PY - 1994 DA - Mar 1994 SP - 1023 EP - 1032 VL - 45 IS - 6 SN - 0067-1940, 0067-1940 KW - Notalina KW - Triplectides KW - aquatic insects KW - freshwater ecology KW - insect larvae KW - stomach content KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - diets KW - detritus feeders KW - Freshwater KW - food organisms KW - Leptoceridae KW - Australia KW - food preferences KW - Trichoptera KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05199:Feeding KW - Q1 08425:Nutrition and feeding habits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16756317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.atitle=Diets+of+some+larval+Leptoceridae+%28Trichoptera%29+in+south-eastern+Australia&rft.au=St+Clair%2C+RM&rft.aulast=St+Clair&rft.aufirst=RM&rft.date=1994-03-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1023&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australian+journal+of+marine+and+freshwater+research.+Melbourne&rft.issn=00671940&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - freshwater ecology; food organisms; detritus feeders; diets; insect larvae; food preferences; stomach content; aquatic insects; Leptoceridae; Trichoptera; Australia; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of methanol on embryonic mouse palate in serum-free organ culture. AN - 76569289; 8016743 AB - Methanol has widespread applications in industry and manufacturing and is under consideration as an alternative automotive fuel. Human exposure to methanol would be expected to increase if applications expand in coming years. Methanol has been shown to be a reproductive and developmental toxicant in the rodent, producing cleft palate in the CD-1 mouse. Developmental toxicity has also been demonstrated in vitro for rat and mouse embryos in whole embryo culture. The present study examines the developmental toxicity of methanol in the palate using a serum-free organ culture model. Gestation day 12 CD-1 mouse embryos were dissected and mid-craniofacial tissues were cultured in BGJ medium at 37 degrees C for 4 days with medium changes at 24 hr intervals. Cultures were exposed to methanol from 0-20 mg/ml for 6 hr, 12 hr, 1 or 4 days. Some cultures were exposed to ethanol for 4 days at doses ranging from 0-15 mg/ml. All cultures were gassed with a 50% O2, 5% CO2, and 45% N2 upon addition of fresh medium and prior to the addition of alcohol. Following organ culture the craniofacial explants were examined for effects on morphology, fusion, proliferation, and growth. Incidence and completeness of palatal fusion decreased with increasing exposure. Depending on the concentration and duration of methanol exposure, the medial epithelium either degenerated completely or remained intact in unfused palates and either condition would interfere with fusion. Cellular proliferation appeared to be a specific and sensitive target for methanol as craniofacial tissues responded to methanol with reduction in total DNA content at an exposure that did not affect total protein. However, both DNA and protein decreased with increasing exposure to methanol. Incorporation of thymidine decreased significantly after 4 day exposure and autoradiography of 3H-thymidine (TdR) demonstrated exposure-dependent reduction in proliferation of palatal mesenchymal cells. Ethanol decreased fusion score, total protein, and DNA, but 3H-TdR/DNA was not significantly changed. In general the ethanol was more potent than methanol for inhibition of protein and DNA synthesis and palatal fusion. This study demonstrated that methanol can selectively affect specific sensitive cell populations and has effects on proliferation and cell fate. JF - Teratology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Logsdon, T R AU - Wilke, T S AD - Development Toxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 122 EP - 134 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Culture Media, Serum-Free KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cleft Palate -- chemically induced KW - Cell Division -- drug effects KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Cleft Palate -- embryology KW - Mice KW - DNA Replication -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Mesoderm -- drug effects KW - Morphogenesis -- drug effects KW - Ethanol -- toxicity KW - Proteins -- analysis KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Female KW - Male KW - Palate -- drug effects KW - Palate -- chemistry KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76569289?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+methanol+on+embryonic+mouse+palate+in+serum-free+organ+culture.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BLogsdon%2C+T+R%3BWilke%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1994-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory oversight of biochemical pesticides by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency: health effects considerations. AN - 76444875; 8159811 AB - The Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) enables the Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to ensure that pesticide use in commerce will not result in unreasonable adverse effects to humans and the environment. Currently, two classes of pesticides are recognized: conventional chemical pesticides and biological pesticides. The latter group is divided into biochemical and microbial pesticides. The recent resurgence of biochemical pesticides as effective pest control agents has increased the number of applications for experimental use permits and for product registration. The fundamental information and data necessary to evaluate such products by the Health Effects Division (HED) of OPP are discussed, as well as the criteria for the classification of a pesticide as a biochemical versus a conventional chemical pesticide. In accordance with the Agency's effort to encourage the development of pesticides less toxic to humans and the environment, the scientific basis for providing future regulatory relief and reduced data requirements for biochemical pesticides is discussed. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - McClintock, J T AU - Kough, J L AU - Sjoblad, R D AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 115 EP - 124 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Insect Hormones KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Pheromones KW - Plant Growth Regulators KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Plants -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Pheromones -- standards KW - Insect Hormones -- standards KW - Plant Growth Regulators -- standards KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - Pesticides -- classification KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76444875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Regulatory+oversight+of+biochemical+pesticides+by+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%3A+health+effects+considerations.&rft.au=McClintock%2C+J+T%3BKough%2C+J+L%3BSjoblad%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=McClintock&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-13 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aluminum alters calcium transport in plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticulum from rat brain. AN - 76429759; 8151628 AB - Calcium is actively transported into intracellular organelles and out of the cytoplasm by Ca2+/Mg(2+)-ATPases located in the endoplasmic reticulum and plasma membranes. We studied the effects of aluminum on calcium transport in the adult rat brain. We examined 45Ca-uptake in microsomes and Ca(2+)-ATPase activity in microsomes and synaptosomes isolated from the frontal cortex and cerebellum of adult male Long-Evans rats. ATP-dependent 45Ca-uptake was similar in microsomes from both brain regions. The addition of 50-800 microM AlCl3 resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of 45Ca-uptake. Mg(2+)-dependent Ca(2+)-ATPase activity was significantly lower in synaptosomes compared to microsomes in both frontal cortex and cerebellum. In contrast to the uptake studies, AlCl3 stimulated Mg(2+)-dependent Ca(2+)-ATPase activity in both microsomes and synaptosomes from both brain regions. To determine the relationship between aluminum and Mg2+, we measured ATPase activity in the presence of increasing concentrations of Mg2+ or AlCl3. Maximal ATPase activity was obtained between 3 and 6 mM Mg2+. When we substituted AlCl3 for Mg2+, ATPase activity was also stimulated in a concentration-dependent manner, but to a greater extent than with Mg2+. One interpretation of these data is that aluminum acts at multiple sites to displace both Mg2+ and Ca2+, increasing the activity of the Ca(2+)-ATPase, but disrupting transport of calcium. JF - Journal of biochemical toxicology AU - Mundy, W R AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Dulchinos, V F AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 17 EP - 23 VL - 9 IS - 1 SN - 0887-2082, 0887-2082 KW - Aluminum Compounds KW - 0 KW - Chlorides KW - aluminum chloride KW - 3CYT62D3GA KW - Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase KW - EC 3.6.1.- KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Frontal Lobe -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Frontal Lobe -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Ca(2+) Mg(2+)-ATPase -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- metabolism KW - Chlorides -- toxicity KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Cell Membrane -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Brain -- metabolism KW - Aluminum Compounds -- toxicity KW - Cell Membrane -- metabolism KW - Endoplasmic Reticulum -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76429759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Aluminum+alters+calcium+transport+in+plasma+membrane+and+endoplasmic+reticulum+from+rat+brain.&rft.au=Mundy%2C+W+R%3BKodavanti%2C+P+R%3BDulchinos%2C+V+F%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Mundy&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.issn=08872082&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-10 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Can long-term exposure distributions be predicted from short-term measurements? AN - 76418877; 8146405 AB - A method for estimating long-term distributions of exposure based on repeated short-term measurements within the same population is developed. If the short-term measurements span seasonal variation, and if the distributions are log-normal or nearly so, then long-term distributions can be estimated from as few as two visits to the same population. The method is illustrated using examples drawn from EPA's TEAM Study of exposures to volatile organic compounds. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Wallace, L A AU - Duan, N AU - Ziegenfus, R AD - U. S. EPA, Reston, Virginia 22091. Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 75 EP - 85 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Seasons KW - New Jersey KW - Time Factors KW - Los Angeles KW - Risk KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76418877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Can+long-term+exposure+distributions+be+predicted+from+short-term+measurements%3F&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L+A%3BDuan%2C+N%3BZiegenfus%2C+R&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-02 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's requirements for dermal irritation and sensitization testing. AN - 76400082; 8132182 AB - This paper presents an overview of EPA guidelines for dermal irritation and sensitization testing (part of Subdivision F Guidelines) for the registration of pesticide products [Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)]. In addition, these data and others may be needed for chemicals submitted for the Premanufacture Notification or testing under Section 4 of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). The EPA periodically reviews its recommended test procedures and revises them when indicated scientifically. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Seabaugh, V M AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 93 EP - 95 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76400082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+requirements+for+dermal+irritation+and+sensitization+testing.&rft.au=Seabaugh%2C+V+M&rft.aulast=Seabaugh&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-04-19 N1 - Date created - 1994-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International Commission for Protection Against Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens. Application of SAR methods to non-congeneric data bases associated with carcinogenicity and mutagenicity: issues and approaches. AN - 76345406; 7508549 AB - In both industry and government, structure-activity relationships (SAR) are capable of playing an important decision-support role in estimating the potential mutagenicity or carcinogenicity of chemicals for which bioassay test results are unavailable. Traditional SAR modeling approaches, however, are usually restricted to the consideration of structurally similar chemical congeners. The highly structurally diverse nature of current carcinogenicity and mutagenicity data bases has motivated development of more general SAR approaches, potentially applicable to the treatment of diverse, non-congeneric mutagenicity and carcinogenicity data bases. Three specific approaches are considered in some detail--Ashby's structural alerts model, classified as a "rule-based" SAR approach, and the computerized CASE fragment-based method and TOPKAT linear discriminant equation method, both classified as "correlative" SAR approaches. Relative strengths and limitations, and a number of common features and important distinctions between these 3 methods are discussed. Rule-base methods are highly flexible and able to incorporate many different types of relevant information, yet are biased towards current knowledge, viewpoints, and mechanistic assumptions, that may or may not hold true. Correlative SAR methods are less biased and offer the promise of "discovering" potentially new SAR associations that could lend fresh insight into the basis for a structure-activity association. However, problems associated with their application to non-congeneric data bases relate to: modeling multiple or overlapping mechanisms of action with a single relationship; defining the range of applicability of models in complex multi-dimensional structure-activity space; assigning confidence levels to predictions in the absence of knowledge concerning mechanisms of activity; and determining the potential mechanistic significance of diverse model parameters. It is argued that many of these concerns can be partially alleviated by careful application of statistical procedures, scrutiny of model results, and establishment of reasoned limits to the range of model applicability. The most significant confidence-building measure, however, will be a rationalization of the correlative SAR model and model parameters in terms of principles of chemical reactivity and postulated molecular mechanism(s) for the biological activity. Hence, it is recommended that models and model descriptors be designed to facilitate mechanistic interpretation and hypothesis generation. Finally, problems in comparing the relative predictive capabilities of different SAR approaches are discussed, and strategies for SAR investigation involving integration of existing techniques are suggested. JF - Mutation research AU - Richard, A M AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch (MD-68), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/02/01/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Feb 01 SP - 73 EP - 97 VL - 305 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Software KW - Regression Analysis KW - Animals KW - Discriminant Analysis KW - Forecasting -- methods KW - Rodentia KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Carcinogens -- chemistry KW - Databases, Factual KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Expert Systems KW - Models, Chemical KW - Mutagens -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76345406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=International+Commission+for+Protection+Against+Environmental+Mutagens+and+Carcinogens.+Application+of+SAR+methods+to+non-congeneric+data+bases+associated+with+carcinogenicity+and+mutagenicity%3A+issues+and+approaches.&rft.au=Richard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=305&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-03-17 N1 - Date created - 1994-03-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Children, Community and Pollution Control: Toward a Community-Oriented Environmentalism AN - 61404935; 9511662 AB - Present-day approaches to pollution control emphasize the industrial perspective of environmental regulation, which views pollution as waste streams from a plant. This end-of-the-pipe view incorporates centralized authority into pollution control & emphasizes the production of alleged safe levels of hazardous substances through limiting releases of harmful pollutants. Consideration of the needs of children, those most vulnerable to pollution, suggests an alternative model of pollution control -- community environmentalism -- which focuses on the connections between existing & historical contamination, siting of new pollution sources, control of existing sources, & the effects of non-source-specific pollution. Its principles include local vs national control, democratizing the administrative state, information exchange, mandatory pollution prevention legislation, & community development. D. Generoli JF - Childhood AU - Field, R AD - Associate Regional Counsel US Environmental Protection Agency Region V, 71 West Jackson Chicago IL 60604 Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 28 EP - 40 VL - 2 IS - 1-2 SN - 0907-5682, 0907-5682 KW - community-oriented environmentalism, children's needs consideration KW - Environmentalism KW - Environmental Protection KW - Regulation KW - Community Involvement KW - Children KW - Pollution KW - article KW - 1938: the family and socialization; sociology of the child KW - 2656: environmental interactions; environmental interactions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/61404935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocabs&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Childhood&rft.atitle=Children%2C+Community+and+Pollution+Control%3A+Toward+a+Community-Oriented+Environmentalism&rft.au=Field%2C+R&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=28&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Childhood&rft.issn=09075682&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Sociological Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2007-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - CODEN - CHILFF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution; Children; Community Involvement; Environmental Protection; Regulation; Environmentalism ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeologic investigations of contaminant movement in karst aquifers in the vicinity of a train derailment near Lewisburg, Tennessee AN - 51058510; 1994-025689 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Crawford, N C AU - Ulmer, C S Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 41 EP - 52 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - Lewisburg Tennessee KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Upper Ridley Karst Aquifer KW - Marshall County Tennessee KW - karst hydrology KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - Wilson Spring KW - Tennessee KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51058510?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Hydrogeologic+investigations+of+contaminant+movement+in+karst+aquifers+in+the+vicinity+of+a+train+derailment+near+Lewisburg%2C+Tennessee&rft.au=Crawford%2C+N+C%3BUlmer%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Crawford&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map, strat. cols. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; karst hydrology; Lewisburg Tennessee; Marshall County Tennessee; organic compounds; pollution; Tennessee; trichloroethylene; United States; Upper Ridley Karst Aquifer; Wilson Spring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transformation of dyes and related compounds in anoxic sediment; kinetics and products AN - 50174651; 1995-018260 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Baughman, George L AU - Weber, Eric J Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 267 EP - 276 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 28 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - sediment-water interface KW - Kingfisher Lake KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - anthraquinone KW - physicochemical properties KW - pollution KW - equations KW - Clarke County Georgia KW - textile dyes KW - solvents KW - Athens Georgia KW - lacustrine environment KW - anaerobic environment KW - quinoline KW - Georgia KW - chemical composition KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50174651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+dyes+and+related+compounds+in+anoxic+sediment%3B+kinetics+and+products&rft.au=Baughman%2C+George+L%3BWeber%2C+Eric+J&rft.aulast=Baughman&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; anthraquinone; Athens Georgia; chemical composition; chemical dispersion; Clarke County Georgia; equations; Georgia; kinetics; Kingfisher Lake; lacustrine environment; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; quinoline; sediment-water interface; solvents; textile dyes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sand spiked with copper as a reference toxicant material for sediment toxicity testing; a preliminary evaluation AN - 50084156; 2010-017784 AB - Routine use of solid-phase sediment toxicity tests for scientific and regulatory purposes necessitates the development of solid-phase reference toxicant materials. In order to evaluate an approach for developing such materials, 12 solid-phase 96-h reference toxicant tests were conducted over 12 weeks with the marine bivalve Mulinia lateralis. Reference toxicant material was clean muffled sand spiked with copper used in a conventional dilution series with unspiked sand as the diluent. Control survival ranged from 92 to 100% and during the exposure weights increased by a factor of about 3 relative to initial weights. Measured concentrations of copper in the water column above the reference material during testing showed that the toxicant exposures were relatively consistent between tests. Coefficients of variation (CV) for mortality and sublethality (growth) endpoints were 39% and 42%, respectively. Coefficients of variation for other solid-phase reference toxicant material studies do not exist, but comparison of the results of this study with water-only literature values are favorable. Values for CVs in the literature range from 4 to 120% and 2 to 48% for acute and sublethal endpoints, respectively, for water column organisms and about 45% for an acute test using the marine amphipod (Ampelisca abdita). This evaluation demonstrates that use of sand spiked with copper is a credible approach for developing a solid phase reference toxicant material; however, further development is required to reduce both biological and chemical sources of variability. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Burgess, R M AU - Rogers, B A AU - Rego, S A AU - Corbin, J M AU - Morrison, G E Y1 - 1994/02// PY - 1994 DA - February 1994 SP - 163 EP - 168 PB - Springer, New York, NY VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - desorption KW - copper KW - bioavailability KW - Mulinia lateralis KW - substrates KW - toxicity KW - standard materials KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - Mollusca KW - sand KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - clastic sediments KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - adsorption KW - measurement KW - solid phase KW - Bivalvia KW - metals KW - testing KW - aquatic environment KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50084156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Sand+spiked+with+copper+as+a+reference+toxicant+material+for+sediment+toxicity+testing%3B+a+preliminary+evaluation&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BRogers%2C+B+A%3BRego%2C+S+A%3BCorbin%2C+J+M%3BMorrison%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-02-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00942405&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AECTCV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aquatic environment; bioassays; bioavailability; Bivalvia; clastic sediments; concentration; copper; desorption; Invertebrata; measurement; metals; microorganisms; Mollusca; Mulinia lateralis; pollution; sand; sediments; solid phase; standard materials; substrates; testing; toxic materials; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Within-session changes in peak N160 amplitude of flash evoked potentials in rats. AN - 85263222; pmid-8140179 AB - The negative peak occurring approximately 160 ms after stimulation (peak N160) of flash evoked potentials (FEPs) of rats changes with repeated testing. Habituation, sensitization, and arousal have all been invoked to explain these changes, but few studies have directly tested these explanations. We examined within-session changes in peak N160 amplitude with repeated testing, and the modulatory effects of stimulus intensity and auditory white noise. Peak N160 amplitude increased with daily testing (between-session changes), and was larger at greater stimulus intensities. In contrast, peak N160 amplitude underwent within-session increases on early days and within-session decreases on later days. The within-session changes were not affected by stimulus intensity. In rats previously tested in a quiet environment, exposure to acoustic white noise increased motor activity and transiently decreased peak N160 amplitude, which then increased and subsequently decreased with continued photic and acoustic stimulation. Repeated testing in the presence of noise did not alter the within-session changes in peak N160 amplitude. Heart rate showed both within- and between-session decreases, but was unaffected by noise. The data suggest that the within-session changes in peak N160 amplitude may reflect a habituation-like response to the test environment. JF - Physiology & Behavior AU - Herr, D W AU - King, D AU - Griffin, V T AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Boyes, W K AU - Ali, J S AU - Dyer, R S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 83 EP - 99 VL - 55 IS - 1 SN - 0031-9384, 0031-9384 KW - Visual Cortex KW - Reference Values KW - Arousal KW - Animal KW - Rats KW - Heart Rate KW - Photic Stimulation KW - Habituation (Psychophysiology) KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual KW - Motor Activity KW - Support, Non-U.S. Gov't KW - Acoustic Stimulation KW - Attention KW - Male KW - Synaptic Transmission KW - Reaction Time KW - Social Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85263222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.atitle=Within-session+changes+in+peak+N160+amplitude+of+flash+evoked+potentials+in+rats.&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BKing%2C+D%3BGriffin%2C+V+T%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BAli%2C+J+S%3BDyer%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.issn=00319384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rat and human sensory evoked potentials and the predictability of human neurotoxicity from rat data. AN - 77763540; 7854590 AB - The development of comprehensive quantitative models as alternatives to risk assessment based on uncertainty factors will require many steps, among them consideration of the relationships between the health endpoints which are measured in laboratory animals and humans. Sensory evoked potentials are measures of sensory function which can be recorded from many species, including humans, and as such provide an opportunity for examining the extrapolation of neurotoxicity data from laboratory animals to humans. Our research strategy for investigating how well laboratory rat data predict human neurotoxic risk involves comparing parametric stimulus manipulations and drug treatments in both species. Finally, we are comparing results in humans with neurodegenerative conditions, including those induced by neurotoxicant exposure, with animal models. To date, we have focused on pattern-elicited visual evoked potentials (VEPs) recorded from pigmented rats and humans. Parametric manipulations of spatial frequency, temporal frequency and stimulus contrast revealed parallel functions, displaced for differences in absolute sensitivity. Additionally, diazepam produced similar effects in rats and human volunteers. A quantitative cross-species map was developed to illustrate the prediction of human effects from rat data. Exposure to carbon disulfide produced changes in rat VEP-derived contrast sensitivity functions, which resembled psychophysically-measured loss of visual contrast sensitivity in human workers exposed to organic solvents. The results of these continuing efforts should help indicate how well animal electrophysiological measures predict human neurotoxicity. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Boyes, W K AD - Neurophysiological Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 569 EP - 578 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Species Specificity KW - Models, Biological KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Brain -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77763540?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Rat+and+human+sensory+evoked+potentials+and+the+predictability+of+human+neurotoxicity+from+rat+data.&rft.au=Boyes%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Boyes&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting modes of toxic action from chemical structure: an overview. AN - 77124295; 8790641 AB - In the field of environmental toxicology, and especially aquatic toxicology, quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) have developed as scientifically-credible tools for predicting the toxicity of chemicals when little or no empirical data are available. A basic and fundamental understanding of toxicological principles has been considered crucial to the continued acceptance and application of these techniques as biologically relevant. As a consequence, there has been an evolution of QSAR development and application from that of a chemical-class perspective to one that is more consistent with assumptions regarding modes of toxic action. The assessment of a compound's likely mode of toxic action is critical for a correct QSAR selection; incorrect mode of action-based QSAR selections can result in 10- to 1000-fold errors in toxicity predictions. The establishment of toxicologically-credible techniques to assess mode of toxic action from chemical structure requires toxicodynamic knowledge bases that are clearly defined with regard to exposure regimes and biological models/endpoints and based on compounds that adequately span the diversity of chemicals anticipated for future applications. With such knowledge bases classification systems, including rule-based experts systems, have been established for use in predictive aquatic toxicology applications. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Bradbury, S P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Duluth, MN 55804, USA. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 89 EP - 104 VL - 2 IS - 1-2 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Xenobiotics KW - Index Medicus KW - Pesticides -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Neural Networks (Computer) KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Fishes KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Biological Assay KW - Models, Biological KW - Pesticides -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Xenobiotics -- toxicity KW - Xenobiotics -- chemistry KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77124295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Predicting+modes+of+toxic+action+from+chemical+structure%3A+an+overview.&rft.au=Bradbury%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Bradbury&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-21 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biochemical analysis of glial fibrillary acidic protein as a quantitative approach to neurotoxicity assessment: advantages, disadvantages and application to the assessment of NMDA receptor antagonist-induced neurotoxicity. AN - 77097813; 7770619 AB - Hypertrophy appears to be a universal response of astrocytes, a central nervous system (CNS) cell type, to all forms of brain injury. The hallmark of this response, often termed "reactive gliosis," is the enhanced expression of the major intermediate filament protein of astrocytes, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Reactive gliosis traditionally has been examined qualitatively by immunohistochemistry of GFAP. But, the widespread availability of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) now makes it possible to quantify damage-induced expression of GFAP as a potential biomarker of diverse neurotoxic insults. To evaluate this possibility, we administered prototype neurotoxicants to experimental animals and then assessed the effects of these agents on the tissue content of GFAP, as determined by a recently developed sandwich ELISA. We found that assays of GFAP reveal dose-, time-, and region-dependent patterns of neural damage, often at toxicant dosages below those that cause light microscopic evidence of cell loss or damage. No false positives have been seen following exposure to a variety of pharmacological agents at therapeutic dosages. With respect to NMDA receptor antagonists, we find that MK-801 causes a large dose-dependent increase in GFAP that, within the cortex, appears to be restricted to the retrosplenial zone. Among the advantages of the CFAP-based approach re its simplicity, objectivity, cost and the fact that the assay can be automated. Among the disadvantages are the need to perform brain dissections and the requirement for a time-course analysis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Psychopharmacology bulletin AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 549 EP - 554 VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0048-5764, 0048-5764 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Gliosis -- drug therapy KW - Nervous System Diseases -- metabolism KW - Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77097813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology+bulletin&rft.atitle=Biochemical+analysis+of+glial+fibrillary+acidic+protein+as+a+quantitative+approach+to+neurotoxicity+assessment%3A+advantages%2C+disadvantages+and+application+to+the+assessment+of+NMDA+receptor+antagonist-induced+neurotoxicity.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology+bulletin&rft.issn=00485764&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for the role of the Ah receptor in response to dioxin. AN - 76843503; 7972244 JF - Progress in clinical and biological research AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 139 EP - 154 VL - 387 SN - 0361-7742, 0361-7742 KW - CYP 1A1 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Index Medicus KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Alleles KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- genetics KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Thymus Gland -- pathology KW - Mice KW - Atrophy KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- metabolism KW - Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes -- chemically induced KW - Mice, Inbred DBA KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- drug effects KW - Dioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- physiology KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- genetics KW - Dioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76843503?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Flow+characteristics+of+the+1993+Missouri+River+flood+determined+from+flood+plain+erosion+and+deposition%2C+Kansas+City+to+St.+Louis&rft.au=Dohrenwend%2C+J+C%3BStone%2C+B+D%3BAnderson%2C+M%3BDerasary%2C+L%3BDohrenwend%2C+K+A%3BLaustrup%2C+M%3BMiller%2C+R%3BOwens%2C+T%3BTortorici%2C+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dohrenwend&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-04-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=16%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-29 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - CYP 1A1 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-dependent effects of acute chlorpyrifos administration on spatial delayed alternation and cholinergic neurochemistry in weanling rats. AN - 76719281; 7522308 AB - On postnatal day 21 (PND21), Long-Evans rat pups received a single subcutaneous injection of either 0 (corn oil vehicle), 90, 120, or 240 mg/kg chlorpyrifos and were then tested for T-maze delayed alternation on PND23 or 26. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and muscaranic receptor density [i.e., quinuclidinyl benzilate (QNB) binding] were determined in hippocampus and cortex of brains taken from pups 15 hours after the end of behavioral testing (i.e., the morning of PND24, and 27). Pups exposed to the 240 mg/kg dose of chlorpyrifos showed signs of overt toxicity that precluded behavioral testing. Exposure to the 120 mg/kg dose produced a selective memory impairment (ie., a deficit in delayed alternation but not position discrimination) relative to the 90 mg/kg and vehicle groups. This impairment was transient, however, as it appeared on PND23 and was absent by PND26. PND21 exposure to chlorpyrifos produced dose-related inhibition and recovery of brain AChE over the PND24-27 age range. A similar pattern was observed in hippocampus. Binding of [3H]QNB was reduced in frontal cortex on PND27 only at the 240 mg/kg dose. No significant effects were observed in the hippocampus. These results suggest that the neurochemical effects of acute chlorpyrifos administration are more transient, and the behavioral effects are smaller and shorter-lived than what has been reported in adult rats. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Stanton, M E AU - Mundy, W R AU - Ward, T AU - Dulchinos, V AU - Barry, C C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 201 EP - 208 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - 0 KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate KW - 6581-06-2 KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Cerebral Cortex -- enzymology KW - Memory -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- growth & development KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- metabolism KW - Cerebral Cortex -- growth & development KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Hippocampus -- enzymology KW - Quinuclidinyl Benzilate -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- growth & development KW - Space Perception -- drug effects KW - Parasympathetic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacology KW - Parasympathetic Nervous System -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76719281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Time-dependent+effects+of+acute+chlorpyrifos+administration+on+spatial+delayed+alternation+and+cholinergic+neurochemistry+in+weanling+rats.&rft.au=Stanton%2C+M+E%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BWard%2C+T%3BDulchinos%2C+V%3BBarry%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Stanton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-17 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A potential role for altered protein phosphorylation in the mediation of developmental neurotoxicity. AN - 76717998; 8090360 AB - Protein phosphorylation represents a major post-translational mechanism through which numerous physiological processes are regulated. In the central nervous system, many extracellular messengers appear to exert their effects by regulating the intracellular concentration of specific second messengers which in turn activate specific phosphoprotein kinases. The diversity of these kinases and their substrates provide the means through which the diversity of brain cell types integrate and process extracellular signals. Increasing evidence indicates that specific phosphoproteins are involved in various aspects of brain development such as gene expression, protein synthesis, and cellular differentiation (e.g. growth cone formation, synaptogenesis). There are 3 essential components to all phosphorylation systems: 1) a specific protein kinase that, in the presence of ATP and Mg++, catalyzes the phosphorylation reaction; 2) a substrate protein that exists in either a phospho- or dephospho-form and 3) a protein phosphatase that catalyzes the removal of the phosphate group. All of these components represent putative targets for developmental neurotoxicants. In the adult nervous system, protein phosphorylation recently has been show to play a role in ischemia, neurodegenerative disease and specific neurotoxic exposures. Together, these observations provide the background for a discussion of the potential role of this key signal transduction system as a mediator of developmental neurotoxicity. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 29 EP - 40 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Phosphorylation KW - Humans KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Nerve Tissue Proteins -- metabolism KW - Nervous System -- growth & development KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76717998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=A+potential+role+for+altered+protein+phosphorylation+in+the+mediation+of+developmental+neurotoxicity.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-17 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Complementarity of genotoxic and nongenotoxic predictors of rodent carcinogenicity. AN - 76661326; 8066550 AB - Twenty-one chemicals carcinogenic in rodent bioassays were selected for study. The chemicals were administered by gavage in two dose levels to female Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of these 21 chemicals on four biochemical assays [hepatic DNA damage by alkaline elution (DD), hepatic ornithine decarboxylase activity (ODC), serum alanine aminotransferase activity (ALT), and hepatic cytochrome P-450 content (P450)] were determined. Available data from seven cancer predictors published by others [the Ames test (AMES), mutation in Salmonella typhimurium TA 1537 (TA 1537), structural alerts (SA), mutation in mouse lymphoma cells (MOLY), chromosomal aberrations in Chinese hamster ovary cells (ABS), sister chromatid exchange in hamster ovary cells (SCE), and the ke test (ke)] were also compiled for these 21 chemical carcinogens plus 28 carcinogens and 62 noncarcinogens already published by our laboratory. From the resulting 111 (chemicals) by 11 (individual cancer predictors) data matrix, the five operational characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, positive predictivity, negative predictivity, and concordance) of each of the 11 individual cancer predictors (four biochemical parameters of this study and seven cancer predictors of others) are presented. Two examples of complementarity or synergy of composite cancer predictors were found. To obtain maximum concordance it was necessary to combine both genotoxic and nongenotoxic cancer predictors. The composite cancer predictor (DD or [ODC and P450] or [ODC and ALT]) had higher concordance than did any of the four individual cancer predictors from which it was constructed. Similarly, the composite cancer predictor (TA 1537 or DD or [ODC and P450] or [ODC and ALT]) had higher concordance than any of its five individual constituent cancer predictors. Complementarity or synergy has been demonstrated both 1) among genotoxic cancer predictors (DD and TA 1537) and 2) between nongenotoxic (ODC, P450, and ALT) and genotoxic cancer predictors (TA 1537 and DD). JF - Teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AU - Kulkarni, A P AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 83 EP - 100 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0270-3211, 0270-3211 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase KW - EC 4.1.1.17 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - DNA Damage KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Alanine Transaminase -- blood KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase -- drug effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Female KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76661326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratogenesis%2C+carcinogenesis%2C+and+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Complementarity+of+genotoxic+and+nongenotoxic+predictors+of+rodent+carcinogenicity.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L%3BKulkarni%2C+A+P&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratogenesis%2C+carcinogenesis%2C+and+mutagenesis&rft.issn=02703211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-22 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermoregulatory effects of chlorpyrifos in the rat: long-term changes in cholinergic and noradrenergic sensitivity. AN - 76477446; 7514260 AB - Subcutaneous injection of a sublethal dose of chlorpyrifos (CHLP), an organophosphate (OP) pesticide, causes long-term inhibition in cholinesterase activity (ChE) of brain, blood, and other tissues. Such prolonged inhibition in ChE should lead to marked behavioral and autonomic thermoregulatory patterns, especially in terms of altered noradrenergic and cholinergic sensitivity. To evaluate the behavioral and autonomic effects of long-term ChE inhibition, Long-Evans rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that continuously monitored core temperature (Tc), heart rate (HR), and motor activity (MA). These parameters were monitored for 7 days following a single injection of peanut oil (vehicle control) or 280 mg/kg CHLP. CHLP led to a significant reduction in Tc during the first night after treatment but had no other effects on Tc. CHLP also resulted in a significant elevation in HR which lasted for approximately 72 h. Motor activity was unaffected by CHLP. Cholinergic and noradrenergic drug sensitivity was assessed between 7 and 25 days after CHLP. CHLP-treated rats were more sensitive to norepinephrine as based on a greater hyperthermic response. MA of CHLP-treated rats was more sensitive to scopolamine. On the other hand, the hypothermic effects of oxotremorine (0.4 mg/kg) were nearly abolished by CHLP treatment, indicating tolerance to cholinergic stimulation. The tachycardic effects of methyscopolamine were also greater in the CHLP group. Overall, the acute effects of CHLP are unusual compared to other OP's in that there is no hypothermic response, an attenuated nocturnal elevation in Tc and a prolonged elevation in HR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Parasympatholytics KW - Scopolamine Derivatives KW - Oxotremorine KW - 5RY0UWH1JL KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - N-Methylscopolamine KW - VDR09VTQ8U KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Oxotremorine -- pharmacology KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Parasympatholytics -- pharmacology KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Scopolamine Derivatives -- pharmacology KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Norepinephrine -- pharmacology KW - Parasympathetic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Sympathetic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76477446?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Thermoregulatory+effects+of+chlorpyrifos+in+the+rat%3A+long-term+changes+in+cholinergic+and+noradrenergic+sensitivity.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-06-16 N1 - Date created - 1994-06-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of beam-hardening and K-edge filters for imaging barium and iodine during fluoroscopy. AN - 76462103; 8164575 AB - This study investigated the dose reduction performance of several beam-hardening and K-edge filter materials for the imaging of barium or iodine during fluoroscopy. A computer model was developed to simulate the effect of added filtration on entrance exposure rate (Xp), integral dose rate (Di), contrast (C), signal to noise ratio (SNR), imaging performance per dose (SNR2/Di), and tube load. The model incorporated the response characteristics, in both manual and automatic control modes of operation, of fluoroscopic systems to increasing or decreasing x-ray intensity at the input of the image intensifier. Input parameters to the computer model included choice of filter material and thickness, a barium or iodine test object, tube potential, phantom thickness, a CsI input phosphor, and a set of algorithms for controlling the fluoroscopic system. In all cases, the performance of systems with added filtration was judged with respect to a reference system operating under comparable conditions. In general, either beam-hardening or K-edge filters provided a significant reduction in entrance exposure and integral dose rates, but with an attendant increase in tube load. For a fluoroscopic system constrained to follow a representative automatic brightness control algorithm, added filtration provided a reduction in entrance exposure and integral dose rates for all phantom or uniformly distributed barium thickness. However, the imaging performance per dose, in some cases, decreased rapidly and was less than that of the reference system at large thicknesses. Only as change in the algorithm controlling the kVcp and mA operating points on the fluoroscopic system provided an imaging performance per dose greater than the reference system's at large thicknesses. The practical implementation of adding filtration to fluoroscopic systems is most simply accomplished with beam-hardening filters rather than K-edge filters. However, the systems with K-edge added filtration can provide slightly better performance when used over a limited range of phantom thicknesses such as the range normally associated with pediatric patients. JF - Medical physics AU - Gagne, R M AU - Quinn, P W AU - Jennings, R J AD - Office of Science and Technology, Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland 20857. Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 107 EP - 121 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0094-2405, 0094-2405 KW - Barium KW - 24GP945V5T KW - Iodine KW - 9679TC07X4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - Models, Structural KW - Computer Simulation KW - Humans KW - Filtration -- instrumentation KW - Algorithms KW - Biophysical Phenomena KW - Biophysics KW - Fluoroscopy -- instrumentation KW - Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76462103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+physics&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+beam-hardening+and+K-edge+filters+for+imaging+barium+and+iodine+during+fluoroscopy.&rft.au=Gagne%2C+R+M%3BQuinn%2C+P+W%3BJennings%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Gagne&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+physics&rft.issn=00942405&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-05-26 N1 - Date created - 1994-05-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectrum of a binary mixture of mutagens (methapyrilene and sodium azide) in strain TA1535 of Salmonella. AN - 76348068; 7508564 AB - Methapyrilene (MP) is a rat-liver carcinogen and cocarcinogen that exhibits a narrow spectrum of mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium, inducing only a 2-fold increase in revertants only in the base-substitution strain TA1535; it also enhances the mutagenic activity of sodium azide (NaN3) in the same strain. To examine the effects of MP at the molecular level, we used the colony probe hybridization procedure developed by Cebula and Koch (Mutation Res., 229 (1990) 79-87) to identify the base substitutions in approximately 800 background, MP-, NaN3-, and MP + NaN3-induced revertants of the hisG46 allele of strain TA1535. The predominant mutation in all 4 mutation spectra was a CCC-->CTC transition. The results suggest a mechanism by which MP enhances the infidelity of the DNA replication complex or inhibits a DNA repair or proofreading function, resulting in the production of more of the same error that occurs normally and that is also induced by NaN3. Such a mechanism might be the basis for the carcinogenic and cocarcinogenic activities of MP. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the molecular analysis of mutants produced by exposure of cells to a binary mixture of mutagens. JF - Mutation research AU - Shelton, M L AU - Ashby, J AU - DeMarini, D M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 35 EP - 39 VL - 323 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Azides KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Sodium Azide KW - 968JJ8C9DV KW - Methapyrilene KW - A01LX40298 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Methapyrilene -- toxicity KW - Azides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76348068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectrum+of+a+binary+mixture+of+mutagens+%28methapyrilene+and+sodium+azide%29+in+strain+TA1535+of+Salmonella.&rft.au=Shelton%2C+M+L%3BAshby%2C+J%3BDeMarini%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Shelton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=323&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-03-11 N1 - Date created - 1994-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spermatid micronucleus analyses of trichloroethylene and chloral hydrate effects in mice. AN - 76345500; 7508572 AB - Mice were exposed by inhalation to trichloroethylene (TCE) or by i.p. injection to the TCE metabolite, chloral hydrate (CH). Early spermatids were analyzed for micronucleus (MN) frequency and the presence or absence of kinetochore(s) using fluorochrome-labeled anti-kinetochore antibodies. It was determined that 5 consecutive days of exposure to 5, 50 or 500 ppm TCE during preleptotene through early pachytene stages of meiotic cell development do not result in increased frequencies of spermatid MN. CH at 41, 83 or 165 mg/kg was positive for spermatid MN induction when treatments corresponded to spermatogonial stem cell or preleptotene spermatocyte stages of development; negative results were obtained after treatments of leptotene-zygotene or diakinesis-metaphase stages. The significantly increased levels of MN observed were invariably of the kinetochore-negative type. JF - Mutation research AU - Allen, J W AU - Collins, B W AU - Evansky, P A AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 81 EP - 88 VL - 323 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Chloral Hydrate KW - 418M5916WG KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Aneuploidy KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Spermatids -- drug effects KW - Chloral Hydrate -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Trichloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76345500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Spermatid+micronucleus+analyses+of+trichloroethylene+and+chloral+hydrate+effects+in+mice.&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+W%3BCollins%2C+B+W%3BEvansky%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=323&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-03-11 N1 - Date created - 1994-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. drinking-water regulations: treatment technologies and cost AN - 745655930; 136476 AB - The Safe Drinking Water Act and its Amendments have imposed a large number of new regulations on the U.S. drinking-water industry. A major set of regulations currently under consideration will control disinfectants and disinfection by-products. Included in the development of these regulations is an Information Collection Rule and an Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule. These rules will require monitoring for microorganisms such as Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and viruses. Certain surface-water systems may be required to remove microbiological contaminants above levels currently required by the Surface Water Treatment Rule. Also included in these rules will be monitoring requirements for disinfection by-products and evaluation of precursor removal technologies. As various regulations are promulgated, regulators and those associated with the drinking-water industry need to be cognizant of the potential impact of treatment to control one contaminant or group of contaminants on control of other contaminants. Compliance with drinking-water regulations mandated under the Safe Drinking Water Act and its amendments has been estimated to cost about $1.6 billion. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Lykins, Benjamin WJr AU - Clark, Robert M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 783 EP - 802 VL - 120 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Amendments KW - Chemicals removal (water treatment) KW - Costs KW - Disinfection by products KW - Drinking water KW - Enhanced surface water treatment rule KW - Impurities KW - Information collection rule KW - Laws and legislation KW - Microbiological contaminants KW - Safe drinking water act KW - Surface waters KW - Treatment technology KW - Water pollution control KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Byproducts KW - Disinfectants KW - Water treatment KW - Microorganisms KW - EE 902.3:LEGAL ASPECTS KW - W4 902.3:LEGAL ASPECTS KW - W4 451.1:AIR POLLUTION SOURCES KW - EE 804.2:INORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 804.2:INORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 445.1.1:POTABLE WATER TREATMENT TECHNIQUES KW - EE 445.1.1:POTABLE WATER TREATMENT TECHNIQUES KW - W4 911.1:COST ACCOUNTING KW - EE 451.1:AIR POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - EE 911.1:COST ACCOUNTING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/745655930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=U.S.+drinking-water+regulations%3A+treatment+technologies+and+cost&rft.au=Lykins%2C+Benjamin+WJr%3BClark%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=783&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Costs; Disinfectants; Water treatment; Impurities; Byproducts; Microorganisms; Water pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of dredging on the sediment quality of Elizabeth Park Marina and Trenton Channel, Detroit River AN - 52294067; 2000-076526 JF - Program and Abstracts - International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Besser, John M AU - Kubitz, Jody A AU - Giesy, John P AU - Benzie, S AU - Ostaszewski, A AU - Kreis, R AU - Brandt, Stephen AU - Haffner, G D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 72 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 37 KW - United States KW - North America KW - benthic taxa KW - stream transport KW - sediment transport KW - stream sediments KW - pollution KW - channels KW - bioassays KW - ecosystems KW - Trenton Channel KW - environmental analysis KW - Elizabeth Park Marina KW - dredging KW - Detroit River KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52294067?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+dredging+on+the+sediment+quality+of+Elizabeth+Park+Marina+and+Trenton+Channel%2C+Detroit+River&rft.au=Besser%2C+John+M%3BKubitz%2C+Jody+A%3BGiesy%2C+John+P%3BBenzie%2C+S%3BOstaszewski%2C+A%3BKreis%2C+R%3BBrandt%2C+Stephen%3BHaffner%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Besser&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 37th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and Estuarine Research Federation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03999 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; bioassays; channels; Detroit River; dredging; ecosystems; Elizabeth Park Marina; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; heavy metals; Michigan; North America; pollution; sediment transport; sediments; stream sediments; stream transport; Trenton Channel; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring sediment contaminants as stressors of estuarine condition AN - 52291793; 2000-076559 JF - Program and Abstracts - International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Wade, T AU - Brooks, J AU - Macauley, J AU - Summers, K AU - Rubinstein, N AU - Brandt, Stephen AU - Haffner, G D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 138 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 37 KW - United States KW - processes KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - Virginia KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - sediments KW - coastal environment KW - ecology KW - Louisiana KW - estuarine environment KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52291793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Role+of+the+intestinal+microbiota+in+the+activation+of+the+promutagen+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene+to+mutagenic+urine+metabolites+and+comparison+of+GI+enzyme+activities+in+germ-free+and+conventionalized+male+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BChadwick%2C+R+W%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BWilliams%2C+R+W%3BChang%2C+J&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-05-16&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 37th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and Estuarine Research Federation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03999 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coastal environment; concentration; ecology; estuarine environment; Gulf Coastal Plain; Louisiana; metals; monitoring; organic compounds; point sources; pollutants; pollution; processes; sediments; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury concentrations in Great Lakes sediments; time variation, areal distribution, and comparison of the lakes AN - 52291011; 2000-076543 JF - Program and Abstracts - International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Rossmann, R AU - Robbins, J A AU - Brandt, Stephen AU - Haffner, G D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 95 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 37 KW - United States KW - spatial distribution KW - Lake Michigan KW - sampling KW - time factor KW - sediments KW - Great Lakes KW - ecology KW - mercury KW - North America KW - concentration KW - Lake Ontario KW - Lake Huron KW - Lake Erie KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Ontario KW - Detroit River KW - Canada KW - metals KW - lacustrine environment KW - seasonal variations KW - Michigan KW - Lake Superior KW - Eastern Canada KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52291011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Mercury+concentrations+in+Great+Lakes+sediments%3B+time+variation%2C+areal+distribution%2C+and+comparison+of+the+lakes&rft.au=Rossmann%2C+R%3BRobbins%2C+J+A%3BBrandt%2C+Stephen%3BHaffner%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Rossmann&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 37th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and Estuarine Research Federation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03999 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Canada; concentration; Detroit River; Eastern Canada; ecology; Great Lakes; lacustrine environment; Lake Erie; Lake Huron; Lake Michigan; Lake Ontario; lake sediments; Lake Superior; mercury; metals; Michigan; North America; Ontario; pollutants; pollution; sampling; seasonal variations; sediments; spatial distribution; time factor; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sediment toxicity as an indicator of contaminant stress in EMAP-estuaries AN - 52289261; 2000-076560 JF - Program and Abstracts - International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Scott, J AU - Albrecht, B AU - Summers, K AU - Frithsen, J AU - Rubinstein, N AU - Brandt, Stephen AU - Haffner, G D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 138 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 37 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - communities KW - Virginia KW - pollutants KW - Crustacea KW - stress KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - Malacostraca KW - estuaries KW - Arthropoda KW - toxicity KW - quantitative analysis KW - Amphipoda KW - Mandibulata KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - ecology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52289261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Sediment+toxicity+as+an+indicator+of+contaminant+stress+in+EMAP-estuaries&rft.au=Scott%2C+J%3BAlbrecht%2C+B%3BSummers%2C+K%3BFrithsen%2C+J%3BRubinstein%2C+N%3BBrandt%2C+Stephen%3BHaffner%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 37th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and Estuarine Research Federation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03999 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Amphipoda; Arthropoda; benthic taxa; communities; Crustacea; ecology; ecosystems; estuaries; Invertebrata; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; pollutants; pollution; quantitative analysis; sediments; stress; toxicity; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contaminant trends in lake trout and walleye from the Great Lakes AN - 52288734; 2000-076565 JF - Program and Abstracts - International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Devault, David AU - Hesselberg, Robert AU - Brandt, Stephen AU - Haffner, G D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 157 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 37 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - PCBs KW - lakes KW - ecosystems KW - cores KW - Pisces KW - Lake Michigan KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - ecology KW - North America KW - concentration KW - Chordata KW - Lake Huron KW - pollutants KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - lacustrine environment KW - Lake Superior KW - Vertebrata KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52288734?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Contaminant+trends+in+lake+trout+and+walleye+from+the+Great+Lakes&rft.au=Devault%2C+David%3BHesselberg%2C+Robert%3BBrandt%2C+Stephen%3BHaffner%2C+G+D&rft.aulast=Devault&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 37th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research and Estuarine Research Federation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03999 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; Chordata; concentration; cores; ecology; ecosystems; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; lacustrine environment; Lake Huron; Lake Michigan; lake sediments; Lake Superior; lakes; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; sedimentation; sediments; toxicity; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of desiccation fractures and relic animal burrows on the reliability of site evaluations and remediation; a PCB removal in Montgomery County, Ohio AN - 52170197; 2002-001038 JF - The Ohio Journal of Science AU - Dalton, Michael K AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 7 PB - Ohio Academy of Science, Columbus, OH VL - 94 IS - 2 SN - 0030-0950, 0030-0950 KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Montgomery County Ohio KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - till KW - remediation KW - desiccation KW - fractures KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - burrows KW - relict materials KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52170197?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+desiccation+fractures+and+relic+animal+burrows+on+the+reliability+of+site+evaluations+and+remediation%3B+a+PCB+removal+in+Montgomery+County%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Dalton%2C+Michael+K%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dalton&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=7&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00300950&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 103rd annual meeting of the Ohio Academy of Science N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - OJSCA9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - burrows; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; decontamination; desiccation; fractured materials; fractures; halogenated hydrocarbons; Montgomery County Ohio; Ohio; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; relict materials; remediation; sediments; till; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A case study of the hydrogeomorphic classification for wetlands and the functional capacity index for Hopkins County, Kentucky AN - 52084180; 2002-057390 JF - Wetlands: Proceedings of the ... Annual Conference, Society of Wetland Scientists AU - Ainslie, William B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 36 PB - Society of Wetland Scientists, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - soils KW - methods KW - hydrology KW - functions KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - depth KW - temperature KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - water table KW - habitat KW - wetlands KW - quantitative analysis KW - conservation KW - classification KW - Hopkins County Kentucky KW - Kentucky KW - ecology KW - geomorphology KW - deforestation KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52084180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.atitle=A+case+study+of+the+hydrogeomorphic+classification+for+wetlands+and+the+functional+capacity+index+for+Hopkins+County%2C+Kentucky&rft.au=Ainslie%2C+William+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ainslie&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 15th annual meeting, Society of Wetland Scientists N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03971 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; classification; conservation; deforestation; depth; ecology; functions; geomorphology; ground water; habitat; Hopkins County Kentucky; hydrology; Kentucky; methods; quantitative analysis; soils; surface water; temperature; United States; water table; watersheds; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volunteer wetland monitoring program in King County AN - 52078163; 2002-057423 JF - Wetlands: Proceedings of the ... Annual Conference, Society of Wetland Scientists AU - Miller, Tina AU - Martin, Janice AU - Bertolotto, Chrys AU - Bowles, Mason AU - Storm, Linda AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 75 PB - Society of Wetland Scientists, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - soils KW - programs KW - land cover KW - Chordata KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - King County Washington KW - vegetation KW - qualitative analysis KW - ground water KW - Aves KW - beaches KW - Amphibia KW - topography KW - wetlands KW - quantitative analysis KW - conservation KW - Adopt-A-Beach KW - Vertebrata KW - Tetrapoda KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52078163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.atitle=Volunteer+wetland+monitoring+program+in+King+County&rft.au=Miller%2C+Tina%3BMartin%2C+Janice%3BBertolotto%2C+Chrys%3BBowles%2C+Mason%3BStorm%2C+Linda%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Tina&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 15th annual meeting, Society of Wetland Scientists N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03971 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adopt-A-Beach; Amphibia; Aves; beaches; Chordata; conservation; ground water; King County Washington; land cover; monitoring; programs; qualitative analysis; quantitative analysis; soils; Tetrapoda; topography; United States; vegetation; Vertebrata; Washington; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Watershed prioritization for reducing of agricultural nonpoint source pollution AN - 52078097; 2002-057384 JF - Wetlands: Proceedings of the ... Annual Conference, Society of Wetland Scientists AU - Peniston, Barbara E AU - Leibowitz, Scott G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 29 EP - 30 PB - Society of Wetland Scientists, [location varies] VL - 15 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - Illinois KW - principal components analysis KW - reclamation KW - statistical analysis KW - agriculture KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - phosphorus KW - nonpoint sources KW - mitigation KW - wetlands KW - ecology KW - seasonal variations KW - nitrate ion KW - regression analysis KW - nitrite ion KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52078097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.atitle=Watershed+prioritization+for+reducing+of+agricultural+nonpoint+source+pollution&rft.au=Peniston%2C+Barbara+E%3BLeibowitz%2C+Scott+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Peniston&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands%3A+Proceedings+of+the+...+Annual+Conference%2C+Society+of+Wetland+Scientists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 15th annual meeting, Society of Wetland Scientists N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03971 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; ecology; hydrology; Illinois; land use; mitigation; nitrate ion; nitrite ion; nonpoint sources; phosphorus; pollution; principal components analysis; reclamation; regression analysis; seasonal variations; soils; statistical analysis; suspended materials; United States; water quality; watersheds; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concepts for an index of biotic integrity for the streams of the Red River of the North basin AN - 52040116; 2003-006983 JF - Program and Abstracts - Biennial North Dakota Water Quality Symposium AU - Goldstein, R M AU - Simon, T P AU - Bailey, P A AU - Ell, M AU - Pearson, E AU - Schmidt, K AU - Enblom, J W AU - Seelig, Bruce D Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 19 PB - NDSU Extension Service and North Dakota Water Resources Research Institute VL - 4 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - Minnesota KW - Chordata KW - rivers and streams KW - pollution KW - Pisces KW - North Dakota KW - index of biotic integrity KW - North Basin KW - ecology KW - Vertebrata KW - Red River KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52040116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Biennial+North+Dakota+Water+Quality+Symposium&rft.atitle=Concepts+for+an+index+of+biotic+integrity+for+the+streams+of+the+Red+River+of+the+North+basin&rft.au=Goldstein%2C+R+M%3BSimon%2C+T+P%3BBailey%2C+P+A%3BEll%2C+M%3BPearson%2C+E%3BSchmidt%2C+K%3BEnblom%2C+J+W%3BSeelig%2C+Bruce+D&rft.aulast=Goldstein&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Biennial+North+Dakota+Water+Quality+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth biennial North Dakota water quality symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05078 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chordata; ecology; hydrology; index of biotic integrity; Minnesota; North Basin; North Dakota; Pisces; pollution; Red River; rivers and streams; United States; Vertebrata; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulphur AN - 50962328; 1994-053704 JF - SCOPE AU - Hultberg, Hans AU - Apsimon, Helene AU - Church, Robbins M AU - Grennfelt, Peringe AU - Mitchell, Myron J AU - Moldan, Filip AU - Ross, Howard B A2 - Moldan, Bedrich A2 - Cerny, Jiri Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 229 EP - 254 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 51 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - soils KW - human activity KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - weathering KW - nutrients KW - models KW - deposition KW - sulfur KW - acidification KW - streams KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50962328?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Sulphur&rft.au=Hultberg%2C+Hans%3BApsimon%2C+Helene%3BChurch%2C+Robbins+M%3BGrennfelt%2C+Peringe%3BMitchell%2C+Myron+J%3BMoldan%2C+Filip%3BRoss%2C+Howard+B&rft.aulast=Hultberg&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=0471937231&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Biogeochemistry of small catchments; a tool for environmental research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 105 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; deposition; ecosystems; human activity; leaching; models; nutrients; pollution; soils; streams; sulfur; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficient subsurface model for multiphase flow and multiple species transport AN - 50952237; 1996-005639 JF - Program with Abstracts - Geological Association of Canada; Mineralogical Association of Canada: Joint Annual Meeting AU - Saleem, Z A AU - Huyakorn, P S AU - Wu, Y S AU - Park, N S AU - Panday, S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 97 PB - Geological Association of Canada, Waterloo, ON VL - 19 SN - 0701-8738, 0701-8738 KW - three-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - petroleum products KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - solution KW - simulation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - volatilization KW - computers KW - workstations KW - transport KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50952237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+with+Abstracts+-+Geological+Association+of+Canada%3B+Mineralogical+Association+of+Canada%3A+Joint+Annual+Meeting&rft.atitle=Efficient+subsurface+model+for+multiphase+flow+and+multiple+species+transport&rft.au=Saleem%2C+Z+A%3BHuyakorn%2C+P+S%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BPark%2C+N+S%3BPanday%2C+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Saleem&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+with+Abstracts+-+Geological+Association+of+Canada%3B+Mineralogical+Association+of+Canada%3A+Joint+Annual+Meeting&rft.issn=07018738&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Association of Canada; Mineralogical Association of Canada; annual meeting--Association Geologique du Canada; Association Mineralogique du Canada; reunion annuelle N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - ON N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PAACD6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; computers; data processing; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical analysis; petroleum products; pollution; simulation; solution; three-dimensional models; transport; volatilization; workstations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The integration of imaging and parameter estimation in shallow geophysics AN - 50894505; 2003-019191 AB - This paper presents two related approaches to signal processing of shallow geophysical data based on the concept of geophysical diffraction tomography. While both methods can be considered imaging, one is imaging in the traditional sense where images of spatial variations in subsurface physical properties are reconstructed. The second method is one of parameter estimation based upon known characteristics of targets of interest. This technique yields a reconstruction of the spatial variations in the likelihood of a specified target being present, the log likelihood function, and, consequently, this method can also be considered an imaging procedure. Several examples are given of the results of selected signal processing algorithms applied to actual data. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Witten, Alan AU - Norton, Stephen AU - Devaney, Anthony AU - Schatzberg, Alon AU - Ursic, Jim AU - Dickson, Wayne A2 - Bell, Ronald S. A2 - Lepper, C. Melvin Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 605 EP - 614 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1994 KW - tomography KW - spatial variations KW - shallow depth KW - imagery KW - technology KW - geophysical methods KW - algorithms KW - depth KW - diffraction KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50894505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=The+integration+of+imaging+and+parameter+estimation+in+shallow+geophysics&rft.au=Witten%2C+Alan%3BNorton%2C+Stephen%3BDevaney%2C+Anthony%3BSchatzberg%2C+Alon%3BUrsic%2C+Jim%3BDickson%2C+Wayne&rft.aulast=Witten&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=1994&rft.issue=&rft.spage=605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; depth; diffraction; geophysical methods; imagery; shallow depth; spatial variations; technology; tomography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carbon pools and flux of global forest ecosystems AN - 50276943; 1994-009400 JF - Science AU - Dixon, R K AU - Brown, S AU - Houghton, R A AU - Solomon, A M AU - Trexler, M C AU - Wisniewski, J Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 185 EP - 190 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 263 IS - 5144 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - soils KW - forests KW - revegetation KW - Plantae KW - organic residues KW - global KW - atmosphere KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - geochemical cycle KW - peat KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - management KW - geochemistry KW - land use KW - deforestation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50276943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Carbon+pools+and+flux+of+global+forest+ecosystems&rft.au=Dixon%2C+R+K%3BBrown%2C+S%3BHoughton%2C+R+A%3BSolomon%2C+A+M%3BTrexler%2C+M+C%3BWisniewski%2C+J&rft.aulast=Dixon&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=263&rft.issue=5144&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 83 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmosphere; carbon; deforestation; ecology; ecosystems; forests; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; global; land use; management; organic residues; peat; Plantae; revegetation; sediments; soils; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Episodic acidification of freshwater systems in Canada; physical and geochemical processes AN - 50261095; 1994-020740 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Tranter, Martyn AU - Davies, Trevor D AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - Eshleman, Keith N Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 19 EP - 39 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 72 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - hydrology KW - Quebec KW - surface water KW - hydrochemistry KW - Ontario KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - hydrologic cycle KW - Canada KW - Nova Scotia KW - acidification KW - Maritime Provinces KW - Eastern Canada KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50261095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Episodic+acidification+of+freshwater+systems+in+Canada%3B+physical+and+geochemical+processes&rft.au=Tranter%2C+Martyn%3BDavies%2C+Trevor+D%3BWigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BEshleman%2C+Keith+N&rft.aulast=Tranter&rft.aufirst=Martyn&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 61 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; Canada; Eastern Canada; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; hydrologic cycle; hydrology; Maritime Provinces; Nova Scotia; Ontario; organic acids; organic compounds; pH; Quebec; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water resources AN - 50248640; 1994-028528 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin AU - Lee, Keenan AU - Lins, H F AU - Clark, R N AU - England, A W AU - Mace, Tom AU - Nyquist, Maury AU - Stanich, Charles AU - Turner, Jim A2 - Watson, Kenneth A2 - Knepper, Daniel H. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 35 EP - 37 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 8755-531X, 8755-531X KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - evapotranspiration KW - ground water KW - ice KW - snow KW - water regimes KW - water resources KW - USGS KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50248640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Water+resources&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BKelly%2C+K+L%3BWard%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-07-01&rft.volume=270&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on Airborne remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - XDIGAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; atmospheric precipitation; evapotranspiration; ground water; hydrology; ice; remote sensing; snow; soils; USGS; water regimes; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental geology AN - 50244886; 1994-028526 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Bulletin AU - England, A W AU - Gillespie, A R AU - Mace, Tom AU - Nyquist, Maury AU - Orr, D G AU - Ridley, T M AU - Stanich, Charles A2 - Watson, Kenneth A2 - Knepper, Daniel H. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 20 EP - 32 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 8755-531X, 8755-531X KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - water quality KW - Washington KW - pollution KW - Clark County Nevada KW - vegetation KW - California KW - Southern California KW - environmental geology KW - Las Vegas Nevada KW - ecology KW - waste disposal KW - USGS KW - Nevada KW - land use KW - climate KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50244886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Environmental+geology&rft.au=England%2C+A+W%3BGillespie%2C+A+R%3BMace%2C+Tom%3BNyquist%2C+Maury%3BOrr%2C+D+G%3BRidley%2C+T+M%3BStanich%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=England&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Bulletin&rft.issn=8755531X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on Airborne remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - XDIGAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; California; Clark County Nevada; climate; ecology; environmental geology; hazardous waste; land use; Las Vegas Nevada; Nevada; pollution; remote sensing; Southern California; United States; USGS; vegetation; Washington; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Red and blue three-dimensional shaded relief imagery AN - 50243528; 1994-038861 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Hall, Robert K AU - Swanson, Jere A AU - Maher, Norman M AU - Lawson, Carol A AU - Bennett, Pauline C Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 9 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - Northeast Pacific KW - data processing KW - mapping KW - relief KW - California KW - visualization KW - Pioneer Seamount KW - USGS KW - color imagery KW - East Pacific KW - Pioneer Canyon KW - continental margin KW - three-dimensional models KW - shaded relief models KW - graphic display KW - seamounts KW - North American Pacific KW - submarine canyons KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bathymetry KW - Monterey Canyon KW - 15:Miscellaneous KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50243528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Red+and+blue+three-dimensional+shaded+relief+imagery&rft.au=Hall%2C+Robert+K%3BSwanson%2C+Jere+A%3BMaher%2C+Norman+M%3BLawson%2C+Carol+A%3BBennett%2C+Pauline+C&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Scientific visualization workshop N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; California; color imagery; continental margin; data processing; East Pacific; graphic display; imagery; mapping; Monterey Canyon; North American Pacific; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Pacific Ocean; Pioneer Canyon; Pioneer Seamount; relief; seamounts; shaded relief models; submarine canyons; three-dimensional models; United States; USGS; visualization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental chemistry of chromium AN - 50205997; 1994-054593 JF - Northeastern Geology AU - Krishnamurthy, S AU - Wilkens, Malvina M Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 14 EP - 17 PB - Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Department of Geology, Troy, NY VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0194-1453, 0194-1453 KW - barium chromate KW - hexavalent chromium KW - pollutants KW - metals KW - oxidation KW - chromium KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50205997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Geology&rft.atitle=Environmental+chemistry+of+chromium&rft.au=Krishnamurthy%2C+S%3BWilkens%2C+Malvina+M&rft.aulast=Krishnamurthy&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=14&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Geology&rft.issn=01941453&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - barium chromate; chromium; hexavalent chromium; metals; oxidation; pollutants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A screening model for nonaqueous phase liquid transport in the vadose zone using Green-Ampt and kinematic wave theory AN - 50179073; 1994-032423 AB - In this paper, a screening model for flow of a nonaqueous phase liquid (NAPL) and associated chemical transport in the vadose zone is developed. The model is based on kinematic approximation of the governing equations for both the NAPL and a partitionable chemical constituent. The resulting governing equation is a first-order, quasi-linear hyperbolic equation to which the generalized method of characteristics can be applied. This approach generally neglects the contribution to the NAPL flux from capillary pressure gradients. During infiltration under ponded conditions, or when the NAPL flux exceeds the maximum effective conductivity of the soil, the effect of capillary suction is included in the model through the usage of the Green-Ampt model. All of the resulting model equations are in the form of ordinary differential equations which are solved numerically by a variable time step Runge-Kutta technique. Results from a simple column experiment were used to evaluate the vadose zone flow model assumptions. Independently measured parameters allow simulation without calibration of the model results. The match of the model to the data suggests that the model captures the qualitative behavior of the experimental system and is capable of an acceptable degree of quantitative agreement. Copyright 1994 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Weaver, James W AU - Charbeneau, Randall J AU - Lien, Bob K Y1 - 1994/01// PY - 1994 DA - January 1994 SP - 93 EP - 105 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - Green-Ampt model KW - unsaturated zone KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - kinematics KW - hydrologic cycle KW - infiltration KW - movement KW - mathematical methods KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - algorithms KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50179073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+screening+model+for+nonaqueous+phase+liquid+transport+in+the+vadose+zone+using+Green-Ampt+and+kinematic+wave+theory&rft.au=Weaver%2C+James+W%3BCharbeneau%2C+Randall+J%3BLien%2C+Bob+K&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F93WR02341 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1994-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; experimental studies; Green-Ampt model; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrologic cycle; infiltration; kinematics; mathematical methods; models; movement; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; pollutants; simulation; unsaturated zone DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93WR02341 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PATRIOT; a methodology and decision support system for evaluating the leaching potential of pesticides AN - 50175608; 1995-017996 JF - Proceedings of the ... National Conference on Pesticides AU - Hummel, P R AU - Kittle, J L, Jr AU - Imhoff, J C AU - Carsel, R F A2 - Weigmann, Diana L. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 70 EP - 82 PB - Virginia Water Resources Research Center, Blacksburg, VA VL - 4 KW - United States KW - PATRIOT KW - pollutants KW - data processing KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - models KW - computer programs KW - risk assessment KW - New Jersey KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50175608?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+...+National+Conference+on+Pesticides&rft.atitle=PATRIOT%3B+a+methodology+and+decision+support+system+for+evaluating+the+leaching+potential+of+pesticides&rft.au=Hummel%2C+P+R%3BKittle%2C+J+L%2C+Jr%3BImhoff%2C+J+C%3BCarsel%2C+R+F&rft.aulast=Hummel&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+...+National+Conference+on+Pesticides&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth national conference on pesticides; New directions in pesticide research, development, management, and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03847 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; computer programs; data processing; decision-making; leaching; models; New Jersey; PATRIOT; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of hydrologic properties needed to calculate average linear velocity and travel time of ground water in the principal aquifer underlying the southeastern part of Salt Lake Valley, Utah AN - 50175125; 1995-005892 AB - A 48-square-mile area in the southeastern part of the Salt Lake Valley, Utah, was studied to determine if generalized information obtained from geologic maps, water-level maps, and drillers' logs could be used to estimate hydraulic conduc- tivity, porosity, and slope of the potentiometric surface: the three properties needed to calculate average linear velocity of ground water. Estimated values of these properties could be used by water- management and regulatory agencies to compute values of average linear velocity, which could be further used to estimate travel time of ground water along selected flow lines, and thus to determine wellhead protection areas around public- supply wells. The methods used to estimate the three properties are based on assumptions about the drillers' descriptions, the depositional history of the sediments, and the boundary con- ditions of the hydrologic system. These assump- tions were based on geologic and hydrologic infor- mation determined from previous investigations. The reliability of the estimated values for hydro- logic properties and average linear velocity depends on the accuracy of these assumptions. Hydraulic conductivity of the principal aquifer was estimated by calculating the thickness- weighted average of values assigned to different drillers' descriptions of material penetrated during the construction of 98 wells. Using these 98 control points, the study area was divided into zones representing approximate hydraulic- conductivity values of 20, 60, 100, 140, 180, 220, and 250 feet per day. This range of values is about the same range of values used in developing a ground-water flow model of the principal aquifer in the early 1980s. Porosity of the principal aquifer was estimated by compiling the range of porosity values determined or estimated during previous investigations of basin-fill sediments, and then using five different values ranging from 15 to 35 percent to delineate zones in the study area that were assumed to be underlain by similar deposits. Delineation of the zones was based on depositional history of the area and the distri- bution of sediments shown on a surficial geologic map. Water levels in wells were measured twice in 1990: during late winter when ground-water with- drawals were the least and water levels the highest, and again in late summer, when ground- water withdrawals were the greatest and water levels the lowest. These water levels were used to construct potentiometric-contour maps and subsequently to determine the variability of the slope in the potentiometric surface in the area. Values for the three properties, derived from the described sources of information, were used to produce a map showing the general distribution of average linear velocity of ground water moving through the principal aquifer of the study area. Velocity derived ranged from 0.06 to 144 feet per day with a median of about 3 feet per day. Values were slightly faster for late summer 1990 than for late winter 1990, mainly because increased with- drawal of water during the summer created slightly steeper hydraulic-head gradients between the recharge area near the mountain front and the well fields farther to the west. The fastest average linear-velocity values were located at the mouth of Little Cottonwood Canyon and south of Dry Creek near the mountain front, where the hydraulic con- ductivity was estimated to be the largest because the drillers described the sediments to be pre- dominantly clean and coarse grained. Both of these areas also had steep slopes in the potentiometric surface. Other areas where average linear velocity was fast included small areas near pumping wells where the slope in the potentiometric surface was locally steepened. No apparent relation between average linear velocity and porosity could be seen in the mapped distributions of these two properties. Calculation of travel time along a flow line to a well in the southwestern part of the study area during the summer of 1990 indicated that it takes about 11 years for ground water to move about 2 miles under these pumping conditions. JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Freethey, G W AU - Spangler, L E AU - Monheiser, W J Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 30 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - Salt Lake County Utah KW - data processing KW - porosity KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - recharge KW - levels KW - movement KW - digital simulation KW - traveltime KW - velocity KW - theoretical models KW - Utah KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - USGS KW - Salt Lake Valley KW - northern Utah KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50175125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Freethey%2C+G+W%3BSpangler%2C+L+E%3BMonheiser%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Freethey&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Determination+of+hydrologic+properties+needed+to+calculate+average+linear+velocity+and+travel+time+of+ground+water+in+the+principal+aquifer+underlying+the+southeastern+part+of+Salt+Lake+Valley%2C+Utah&rft.title=Determination+of+hydrologic+properties+needed+to+calculate+average+linear+velocity+and+travel+time+of+ground+water+in+the+principal+aquifer+underlying+the+southeastern+part+of+Salt+Lake+Valley%2C+Utah&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from USGS product, Selected Water Resources Abstracts, Reston, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sects., sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; data processing; digital simulation; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; levels; movement; northern Utah; porosity; recharge; Salt Lake County Utah; Salt Lake Valley; theoretical models; traveltime; United States; USGS; Utah; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National standards and guidelines for pesticides in water, sediment, and aquatic organisms; application to water-quality assessments AN - 50170470; 1995-018366 JF - Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Nowell, L H AU - Resek, E A Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1 EP - 164 PB - Springer, New York, NY VL - 140 SN - 0179-5953, 0179-5953 KW - United States KW - soils KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - agricultural waste KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - standardization KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - agrochemicals KW - sediments KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - chemical composition KW - water pollution KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50170470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=National+standards+and+guidelines+for+pesticides+in+water%2C+sediment%2C+and+aquatic+organisms%3B+application+to+water-quality+assessments&rft.au=Nowell%2C+L+H%3BResek%2C+E+A&rft.aulast=Nowell&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=01795953&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 109 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes two appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agricultural waste; agrochemicals; aquatic environment; chemical composition; drinking water; ground water; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; regulations; risk assessment; sediments; soils; standardization; toxic materials; United States; waste disposal; water pollution; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paleoseismology and historical seismicity for seismic hazard assessment in Italy; examples from the Fucino and Pollino tectonic structures AN - 50164427; 1995-023656 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Michetti, A M AU - Ferreli, L AU - Serva, L AU - Vittori, E AU - Prentice, Carol S AU - Schwartz, David P AU - Yeats, Robert S Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 124 EP - 126 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - Pollino Range KW - paleoseismicity KW - geologic hazards KW - isotopes KW - Europe KW - Holocene KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - Cenozoic KW - radioactive isotopes KW - Calabria Italy KW - dates KW - carbon KW - seismic risk KW - sediments KW - absolute age KW - active faults KW - USGS KW - Southern Apennines KW - Abruzzi Italy KW - faults KW - tectonic elements KW - trenching KW - Quaternary KW - reactivation KW - history KW - Apennines KW - Fucino Basin KW - C-14 KW - upper Holocene KW - fault scarps KW - earthquakes KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 19:Seismology KW - 16:Structural geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50164427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Paleoseismology+and+historical+seismicity+for+seismic+hazard+assessment+in+Italy%3B+examples+from+the+Fucino+and+Pollino+tectonic+structures&rft.au=Michetti%2C+A+M%3BFerreli%2C+L%3BServa%2C+L%3BVittori%2C+E%3BPrentice%2C+Carol+S%3BSchwartz%2C+David+P%3BYeats%2C+Robert+S&rft.aulast=Michetti&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1010&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=1073161X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Workshop on Paleoseismology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - sect., sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Abruzzi Italy; absolute age; active faults; Apennines; C-14; Calabria Italy; carbon; Cenozoic; dates; earthquakes; Europe; fault scarps; faults; Fucino Basin; geologic hazards; history; Holocene; isotopes; Italy; paleoseismicity; Pollino Range; Quaternary; radioactive isotopes; reactivation; sediments; seismic risk; Southern Apennines; Southern Europe; tectonic elements; trenching; upper Holocene; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the wind dispersal of seeds across a landscape; comparison of simulated and observed migration rates from the paleoenvironmental record AN - 50100936; 1995-069627 JF - Program and Abstracts - American Quaternary Association. Conference AU - King, George A AU - Koerper, Greg AU - Solomon, Allen M AU - Phillips, Donald L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 115 PB - American Quaternary Association, Seattle, WA VL - 13 SN - 0741-059X, 0741-059X KW - migration KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - Quaternary KW - rates KW - vegetation KW - simulation KW - Holocene KW - Cenozoic KW - paleoenvironment KW - trees KW - seeds KW - ecology KW - wind transport KW - landscapes KW - winds KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50100936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+American+Quaternary+Association.+Conference&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+wind+dispersal+of+seeds+across+a+landscape%3B+comparison+of+simulated+and+observed+migration+rates+from+the+paleoenvironmental+record&rft.au=King%2C+George+A%3BKoerper%2C+Greg%3BSolomon%2C+Allen+M%3BPhillips%2C+Donald+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+American+Quaternary+Association.+Conference&rft.issn=0741059X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Quaternary Association, 13th biennial meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - WA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMQUAM N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cenozoic; ecology; experimental studies; Holocene; landscapes; migration; paleoenvironment; Plantae; Quaternary; rates; seeds; simulation; trees; vegetation; wind transport; winds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Full spectrum sub-bottom profiler application in a hazardous waste lagoon AN - 50083548; 1996-005344 AB - A full spectrum sub-bottom profiler (SBP) was used at a hazardous waste site in Texas City, Texas to determine the volumes of the liquid and sludge fractions within a 3.1-acre ferric chloride acid lagoon. The investigation recovered approximately 9,000 feet of continuous profile record data and utilized a laser-based navigation system for precise survey positioning. Significant mappable surfaces were identified at the top of the sludge interval, within the sludge column, and at the base of the sludge interval. Structure maps were generated for these three surfaces, which were used to construct interval thickness maps of the liquid and sludge intervals. The SBP data was depth calibrated with seven cores extracted from the sludge interval, and correlated with lithologic logs from nearby monitor wells. Liquid depths ranged from 0 to 13 feet, and interpreted sludge thicknesses range from 0 to 12 feet. Volume calculations based on isopach maps indicated that the liquid interval contains approximately 8,457,000 gallons, and the sludge interval contains approximately 31,616 cubic yards. The information provided by the SBP survey is being used to develop an appropriate engineering design to effectively treat the volumes of contaminated material. The application of the SBP technique allowed a more accurate volume calculation of the liquid and sludge components of the acid lagoon compared to conventional methods of investigation, while increasing cost effectiveness and minimizing safety risks. This application illustrates one way that upstream petroleum industry geophysical methods can be successfully applied to environmental problems. JF - SEG Annual Meeting Expanded Technical Program Abstracts with Biographies AU - Jowett, R A AU - Borkland, J A AU - Cornelius, J M AU - Farrar, C W AU - Hogue, J I AU - Zehner, W B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 605 EP - 607 PB - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK VL - 64 SN - 1052-3812, 1052-3812 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - geophysical surveys KW - data acquisition KW - waste-disposal ponds KW - sludge KW - data processing KW - waste disposal sites KW - acoustical methods KW - shallow depth KW - Galveston County Texas KW - Texas City Texas KW - sublacustrine environment KW - seismic profiles KW - geophysical methods KW - Texas KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - seismic methods KW - navigation KW - liquid waste KW - southeastern Texas KW - industrial waste KW - surveys KW - geophysical profiles KW - waste disposal KW - instruments KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50083548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.atitle=Full+spectrum+sub-bottom+profiler+application+in+a+hazardous+waste+lagoon&rft.au=Jowett%2C+R+A%3BBorkland%2C+J+A%3BCornelius%2C+J+M%3BFarrar%2C+C+W%3BHogue%2C+J+I%3BZehner%2C+W+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jowett&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=&rft.spage=605&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SEG+Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Technical+Program+Abstracts+with+Biographies&rft.issn=10523812&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.seg.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 64th annual international meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; data acquisition; data processing; Galveston County Texas; geophysical methods; geophysical profiles; geophysical surveys; Gulf Coastal Plain; hazardous waste; industrial waste; instruments; liquid waste; navigation; seismic methods; seismic profiles; shallow depth; sludge; southeastern Texas; sublacustrine environment; surveys; Texas; Texas City Texas; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; waste-disposal ponds ER - TY - CONF T1 - Discharge of stable organic substances from the chemical industries AN - 26406860; 2001-32-003745 (CE); 0161352 (EN) AB - In a programme started in 1988, the waste water discharges from the major chemical industries in Sweden have been investigated. The primary objectives were to gather information on the major sources of such discharges and to initiate action so as to achieve significant reductions where required. In this paper the investigation programme is presented together with some early conclusions. As could be expected there are no simple common rules for these industries, each effluent should be considered as a separate problem. It was concluded that these waste waters were in most cases more toxic than was acceptable, and that further purifying measures were required in these cases. JF - Water Science and Technology AU - Unden, Ake Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 179 EP - 185 PB - I W A PUBLISHING, Alliance House, 12 Caxton St, London, SW1H 0QS, UK, [mailto:publications@iwap.co.uk], [URL:http://www.iwapublishing.com] VL - 29 IS - 9 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Wastes KW - Acceptability KW - Discharge KW - Effluents KW - EE 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - EE 452.4:INDUSTRIAL WASTES TREATMENT (EN) KW - EE 631.1.1:LIQUID DYNAMICS KW - EE 452.3:INDUSTRIAL WASTES KW - EE 802.1:CHEMICAL PLANTS AND EQUIPMENT KW - EE 802.3:CHEMICAL OPERATIONS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/26406860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Discharge+of+stable+organic+substances+from+the+chemical+industries&rft.au=Unden%2C+Ake&rft.aulast=Unden&rft.aufirst=Ake&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Stressor-Strain Framework: Understanding Cross-Cultural Issues and the Hispanic Vietnam Veteran AN - 1761706141; 199503622 AB - Drawing on the case of Hispanic Vietnam war veterans, a stress model is presented as a means to help therapists & counselors understand components of the person's ability to appraise & cope with stress. The model provides information for both diagnostic & therapeutic interventions. In addition, social support is proposed as a means by which stress can be buffered. Suggestions are presented to help therapists & counselors to determine if social support exists in a cross-cultural context, eg, with Hispanic families & therapy groups. 1 Table, 1 Figure, 37 References. Adapted from the source document. JF - Journal of Multicultural Social Work AU - Rodela, Eduardo S AU - Martinez, Gustavo R AU - Batres, Alfonso R AD - Office Human Resources Management US Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St SW Washington DC 20460-0001 Y1 - 1994///0, PY - 1994 DA - 0, 1994 SP - 67 EP - 85 VL - 3 IS - 2 SN - 1042-8224, 1042-8224 KW - stress management, therapist/counselor techniques, Hispanic Vietnam war veterans KW - Veterans KW - Psychological Stress KW - Hispanic Americans KW - Psychotherapy KW - Clinical Social Work KW - Vietnam War KW - Crosscultural Analysis KW - Coping KW - Counseling KW - article KW - 6142: mental & emotional problems KW - 6148: problems of minority groups UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761706141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Multicultural+Social+Work&rft.atitle=The+Stressor-Strain+Framework%3A+Understanding+Cross-Cultural+Issues+and+the+Hispanic+Vietnam+Veteran&rft.au=Rodela%2C+Eduardo+S%3BMartinez%2C+Gustavo+R%3BBatres%2C+Alfonso+R&rft.aulast=Rodela&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Multicultural+Social+Work&rft.issn=10428224&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Psychological Stress; Vietnam War; Veterans; Hispanic Americans; Crosscultural Analysis; Clinical Social Work; Counseling; Psychotherapy; Coping ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stop 1; Oxford cuts AN - 1734268758; 2015-111616 JF - Midwest Friends of the Pleistocene Annual Meeting AU - Ekberg, Michael P AU - Dell, Andrine AU - Miller, Barry B AU - Reed, Greg AU - Lowell, Tom Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 15 EP - 20 PB - Midwest Friends of the Pleistocene, [location varies] VL - 41 KW - United States KW - wood KW - field trips KW - Wisconsinan KW - road log KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Ordovician KW - sediments KW - Oxford Ohio KW - Butler County Ohio KW - Invertebrata KW - Mollusca KW - Ohio KW - lacustrine sedimentation KW - Quaternary KW - colluvium KW - clastic sediments KW - Paleozoic KW - Gastropoda KW - sedimentation KW - striations KW - glacial features KW - Vertigo gouldi hannai KW - till KW - Veritgo modesta KW - Pleistocene KW - loess KW - diamicton KW - geomorphology KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1734268758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Friends+of+the+Pleistocene+Annual+Meeting&rft.atitle=Stop+1%3B+Oxford+cuts&rft.au=Ekberg%2C+Michael+P%3BDell%2C+Andrine%3BMiller%2C+Barry+B%3BReed%2C+Greg%3BLowell%2C+Tom&rft.aulast=Ekberg&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Friends+of+the+Pleistocene+Annual+Meeting&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Midwest Friends of the Pleistocene 41st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map, 1 table, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-19 N1 - CODEN - #03784 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Butler County Ohio; Cenozoic; clastic sediments; colluvium; diamicton; field trips; Gastropoda; geomorphology; glacial features; Invertebrata; lacustrine sedimentation; loess; Mollusca; Ohio; Ordovician; Oxford Ohio; Paleozoic; Pleistocene; Quaternary; road log; sedimentation; sediments; striations; till; United States; upper Pleistocene; Veritgo modesta; Vertigo gouldi hannai; Wisconsinan; wood ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental leadership: EPA's "beyond compliance" pilot program AN - 16986516; 3634205 AB - This article draws upon the draft report (prepared with the contractor assistance of DPRA Inc., Arlington, VA) dated December 1993 summarizing public comment on the Environmental Leadership Program proposal; the final report is available from EPA's Pollution Prevention Information Clearinghouse, 202-260-1023. All written public comments and the transcript of the May 6, 1993 public meeting are on file with the Environmental Leadership Program. JF - Total Quality Environmental Management AU - Feldman, I AU - Schiavo, M AD - Off. Compliance, EPA Headquarters, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 373 EP - 381 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 1055-7571, 1055-7571 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - federal programs KW - compliance KW - public opinion KW - pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16986516?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Total+Quality+Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Environmental+leadership%3A+EPA%27s+%22beyond+compliance%22+pilot+program&rft.au=Feldman%2C+I%3BSchiavo%2C+M&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Total+Quality+Environmental+Management&rft.issn=10557571&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; federal programs; public opinion; pollution control; compliance ER - TY - CONF T1 - Point-of-use/point-of-entry treatment of drinking water AN - 16978120; 3629207 AB - The public is more knowledgeable and concerned about contamination in their drinking water than at any other time in history. When spills occur in water bodies used as sources of drinking water in the USA, homeowners want to be sure that their water is safe to drink. Most community water systems produce safe drinking water and point-of-use and point-of-entry devices used on these systems are only needed for aesthetic reasons. There are, however, several instances where point-of-use and point-of-entry devices are the most appropriate treatment for removing contaminants from drinking water. The Safe Drinking Water Act and its amendments have been implemented in the USA to control the concentration of contaminants found in drinking water. Clearly, technology will play a major role in meeting these regulations with the use of treatment such as ozonation, ultraviolet light, ion exchange, granular activated carbon, distillation, and membrane processes. Although the provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act and its amendments apply to public water systems, individual home-owners should strive to achieve the same quality of drinking water. Therefore, this paper will discuss the types of point-of-use/point-of-entry devices that can be used to control a wide variety of contaminants in drinking water, some examples of how and where these devices are used, and costs of the devices. JF - Water Supply AU - Lykins, BW Jr AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Clark, R M AU - Harrison, J Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - point-of-use KW - point-of-entry KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA KW - measuring instruments KW - technology KW - pollutants KW - water treatment KW - legislation KW - drinking water KW - contamination KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16978120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Point-of-use%2Fpoint-of-entry+treatment+of+drinking+water&rft.au=Lykins%2C+BW+Jr%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BHarrison%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=BW&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Supply&rft.issn=07351917&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of DNA adduct levels in human placenta from polychlorinated biphenyl exposed women and smokers in which CYP 1A1 levels are similarly elevated AN - 16976804; 3621921 AB - The DNA adducts identified in placenta of smokers could result from chemicals present in cigarette smoke, substances formed by CYP 1A1 metabolic activation of endogenous compounds, non-cigarette related exposures or a combination of these processes. Exposure to contaminated rice oil containing large doses of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) also resulted in massive elevation of CYP 1A1 in human placenta but formation of DNA adducts directly from this exposure has not previously been reported. The purpose for comparing the two populations was to test the hypothesis that if CYP 1A1 induction results in the metabolic activation of endogenous compounds, than DNA adducts should also be present in PCB/PCDF exposed tissues exhibiting high CYP 1A1 activity and some of the adducts detected in the placental DNA from smokers may be identified as those derived from the metabolic activation of endogenous compounds. There was no evidence of DNA adducts among specimens obtained from PCB/PCDF exposed individuals. These data suggest that CYP 1A1 induction alone (in the absence of cigarette smoking) does not induce the formation of DNA adducts detectable by this approach, and that smoking related adducts are not a consequence of CYP 1A1 induction medicated activation of endogenous compounds or xenobiotics other than cigarette smoker. JF - Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis and Mutagenesis AU - Gallagher, JE AU - Everson, R B AU - Lewtas, J AU - George, M AU - Lucier, G W AD - Health Eff. Res. Lab., Genet. Toxicol. Div., (MD 68A) US EPA, Research Tringle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 183 EP - 192 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0270-3211, 0270-3211 KW - PCB KW - cytochrome P4501A1 KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - smoking KW - placenta KW - DNA KW - man KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16976804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratogenesis%2C+Carcinogenesis+and+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+DNA+adduct+levels+in+human+placenta+from+polychlorinated+biphenyl+exposed+women+and+smokers+in+which+CYP+1A1+levels+are+similarly+elevated&rft.au=Gallagher%2C+JE%3BEverson%2C+R+B%3BLewtas%2C+J%3BGeorge%2C+M%3BLucier%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Gallagher&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratogenesis%2C+Carcinogenesis+and+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=02703211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA; smoking; placenta; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of short-term exposure to ethanol on mouse embryos in vitro AN - 16955096; 3618460 AB - The adverse developmental effects of ethanol consumption have been documented in humans and in animal models. In animal models, the organ system affected by ethanol administration is dependent on the point in gestation at which the xenobiotic is administered. Previous studies have shown that an exposure of 24-48 hr beginning at the early somite stage in rodent conceptuses alters neural tube closure in vitro. However, the concentration and time dependency of this effect have not been fully defined. Whole embryo culture was therefore used to expose 3-6-somite mouse conceptuses (ICR strain) to ethanol at 300, 450, 600 and 800 mg/dl. The higher concentrations were selected to approximate the peak serum ethanol concentrations that have been shown to be teratogenic in vivo. The results indicate that ethanol-induced neural tube defects do not appear to be due solely to embryonic growth retardation. Additionally, ethanol-induced neural tube defects are a function of duration of exposure as well as of peak serum concentration. JF - Toxicology In Vitro AU - Hunter, ES III AU - Tugman, JA AU - Sulik, K K AU - Sadler, T W AD - Dev. Toxicol. Div., MD 67, EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 413 EP - 421 VL - 8 IS - 3 SN - 0887-2333, 0887-2333 KW - ethanol KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - neural tube defects KW - embryos KW - teratogenicity KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16955096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.atitle=Effects+of+short-term+exposure+to+ethanol+on+mouse+embryos+in+vitro&rft.au=Hunter%2C+ES+III%3BTugman%2C+JA%3BSulik%2C+K+K%3BSadler%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=ES&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=413&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+In+Vitro&rft.issn=08872333&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - embryos; teratogenicity; neural tube defects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 1993 update of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's SITE Emerging Technology Program AN - 16917386; 3602640 AB - The Emerging Technology Program (ETP), part of the U.S. EPA's Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Program, is continuing to create an environment where technical innovation can accelerate into field and commercial applications for treatment of hazardous waste sites. The ETP was established under the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act (SARA) of 1986 to research and develop innovative/alternative technologies. In addition, the SITE program was also mandated to demonstrate innovative/alternative technologies in the field. A primary goal of the ETP is to move developed technologies to the field demonstration stage, thus creating a full impact assessment of the life cycle of a technology, from research to field demonstration. The purpose of this article is to provide: (1) information about understanding the SITE Emerging Technology Program and how it operates; (2) an account of the progress of the ETP's first seven years (1987-1993) of operation (the ETP started one year later than the demonstration program); (3) a list of ETP technologies with research completed; (4) a description of those technologies selected from the 1993 selection; and (5) an awareness that the program has traditionally been providing funding and technical support to the private sector for the acceleration of research and development. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Lewis, N M AU - Parker, R A AD - U.S. EPA, Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 195 EP - 203 VL - 44 IS - 2 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - research and development KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - federal programs KW - waste disposal sites KW - waste treatment KW - EPA KW - USA KW - hazardous wastes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16917386?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=1993+update+of+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+SITE+Emerging+Technology+Program&rft.au=Lewis%2C+N+M%3BParker%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; EPA; federal programs; hazardous wastes; waste disposal sites; waste treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Washing studies for PCP and creosote-contaminated soil AN - 16914604; 3598457 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency has conducted a series of bench-scale and pilot-scale studies to evaluate the feasibility of washing pentachlorophenol (PCP) and creosote from the soil at an abandoned wood-treatment Superfund site in Pensacola, FL. The high sand content and low silt/fines content of the soil made soil washing a promising alternative to incineration. The bench-scale tests confirmed the feasibility of washing the PCP and the carcinogenic creosote compounds from the soil using a nonionic surfactant at a pH of nine to ten and water temperature of approximately 120 degree F. The target concentrations for total creosote were not achieved, but the results were sufficiently close to warrant further testing. The pilot-scale tests using the EPA's mobile Volume Reduction Unit produced residual PCP, carcinogenic creosote, and total creosote levels below the target levels. The tests also produced comparison data on the effects of surfactant concentration, pH, temperature, and liquid:solid ratio. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Tobia, R J AU - Camacho, J M AU - Augustin, P AU - Griffiths, R A AU - Frederick, R M AD - Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, 2890 Woodbridge Ave., Edison, NJ 08837, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 145 EP - 161 VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - soil washing KW - pentachlorophenol KW - creosote KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Superfund KW - waste disposal sites KW - soil remediation KW - USA, Florida, Pensacola KW - pollutant removal KW - soil contamination KW - hazardous wastes KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16914604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Washing+studies+for+PCP+and+creosote-contaminated+soil&rft.au=Tobia%2C+R+J%3BCamacho%2C+J+M%3BAugustin%2C+P%3BGriffiths%2C+R+A%3BFrederick%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Tobia&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Florida, Pensacola; soil contamination; pollutant removal; Superfund; hazardous wastes; waste disposal sites; soil remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of SAR methods to non-congeneric data bases associated with carcinogenicity and mutagenicity: Issues and approaches AN - 16913546; 3602836 AB - In both industry and government, structure-activity relationships (SAR) are capable of playing an important decision-support role in estimating the potential mutagenicity or carcinogenicity of chemicals for which bioassay test results are unavailable. Traditional SAR modeling approaches, however, are usually restricted to the consideration of structurally similar chemical congeners. The highly structurally diverse nature of current carcinogenicity and mutagenicity data bases has motivated development of more general SAR approaches, potentially applicable to the treatment of diverse, non-congeneric mutagenicity and carcinogenicity data bases. Three specific approaches are considered in some detail - Ashby's structural alerts model, classified as a "rule-based" SAR approach, and the computerized CASE fragment-based method and TOPKAT linear discriminant equation method, both classified as "correlative" SAR approaches. Relative strengths and limitations, and a number of common features and important distinctions between these 3 methods are discussed. Rule-base methods are highly flexible and able to incorporate many different types of relevant information, yet are biased towards current knowledge, viewpoints, and mechanistic assumptions, that may or may not hold true. Correlative SAR methods are less biased and offer the promise of "discovering" potentially new SAR associations that could lend fresh insight into the basis for a structure-activity association. However, problems associated with their application to non-congeneric data bases relate to: modeling multiple or overlapping mechanisms of action with a single relationship; defining the range of applicability of models in complex multi-dimensional structure-activity space; assigning confidence levels to predictions in the absence of knowledge concerning mechanisms of activity; and determining the potential mechanistic significance of diverse model parameters. It is argued that many of these concerns can be partially alleviated by careful application of statistical procedures, scrutiny of model results, and establishment of reasoned limits to the range of model applicability. The most significant confidence-building measure, however, will be a rationalization of the correlative SAR model and model parameters in terms of principles of chemical reactivity and postulated molecular mechanism(s) for the biological activity. Hence, it is recommended that models and model descriptors be designed to facilitate mechanistic interpretation and hypothesis generation. Finally, problems in comparing the relative predictive capabilities of different SAR approaches are discussed, and strategies for SAR investigation involving integration of existing techniques are suggested. JF - Mutation Research AU - Richard, A M AD - U.S. EPA, Carcinog. and Metabol. Branch (MD-68), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 73 EP - 97 VL - 305 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - SAR KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - data banks KW - screening KW - carcinogenesis KW - mutagenesis KW - methodology KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16913546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Application+of+SAR+methods+to+non-congeneric+data+bases+associated+with+carcinogenicity+and+mutagenicity%3A+Issues+and+approaches&rft.au=Richard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=305&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogenesis; mutagenesis; screening; data banks; methodology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing of a waste generation prediction model in the paint and lacquer industry AN - 16913391; 3598419 AB - A framework of a coating production and waste generation in COLOR - Paint, Lacquer and Resin Industry is outlined. A mathematical model of industrial production and waste generation system is presented. Parameters of the system are precisely defined. Data collection, organization and evaluation of the model testing are shown. A waste generation prediction model is applied in COLOR, and cost analysis of coating production generating waste is determined. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Olbina, R AU - Hafner, M AD - Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 207 EP - 216 VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - industrial wastes KW - waste management KW - environmental impact KW - hazardous wastes KW - paints KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16913391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Testing+of+a+waste+generation+prediction+model+in+the+paint+and+lacquer+industry&rft.au=Olbina%2C+R%3BHafner%2C+M&rft.aulast=Olbina&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - waste management; industrial wastes; environmental impact; hazardous wastes; paints ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient management measure to be implemented in the coastal zone AN - 16883706; 3800336 AB - Several of the articles in this special issue refer to the nutrient management measure which is one of the management measures to be implemented under section 6217 of the Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990 (CZARA). CZARA requires states and territories (hereinafter referred to as States) with approved coastal zone management programs to submit "Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Programs" to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for approval. These state programs are to employ initial, technology-based "management measures" throughout the coastal management area, to be followed by additional measures, where necessary, to address remaining, known water quality problems. CZARA required EPA to publish (and periodically revise thereafter), in consultation with NOAA, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and other federal agencies, management measures guidance for sources of nonpoint pollution in coastal waters. In January 1993 EPA published "Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters". Coastal states and territories will need to develop Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Programs to implement the approximately 55 management measures in this guidance. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Weinberg, A C AD - Nonpoint Source Control Branch, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - coastal zone KW - coastal zone management KW - marine pollution KW - nonpoint pollution KW - nonpoint pollution sources KW - nutrients KW - pollution legislation KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Marine KW - legislation KW - USA KW - coastal waters KW - water quality control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16883706?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Nutrient+management+measure+to+be+implemented+in+the+coastal+zone&rft.au=Weinberg%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Weinberg&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coastal zone; pollution legislation; coastal waters; marine pollution; coastal zone management; legislation; water quality control; nutrients; nonpoint pollution; nonpoint pollution sources; USA; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient management, an integrated component for water quality protection AN - 16880012; 3800349 AB - Is nutrient management ready to be integrated into water quality protection? The answer to that question is yes, but the real question is "are we as planners and users ready to integrate nutrient management into our management systems?" As water quality and nutrient management professionals, we can analyze different water quality problems and develop strategies to address such questions as these: Are we dealing with surface water? If so, is it fresh or saline, or as with most estuaries, both? Is ground water our concern? Is it a source for surface water? Is it a drinking water source or not? What are the pollutants of concern, N, P, and/or total salts? What are the sources of pollutants causing this water quality problem? Are the sources of the pollutant background soil loads, commercial fertilizer, added organic wastes (animal manure or treatment plant sludge), atmospheric deposition? In most cases it will be a combination of some, if not all, of these. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Shuyler, L R AD - U.S. EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Off., Annapolis, MD 21403, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - groundwater KW - nutrients KW - nutrients (mineral) KW - pollutants KW - pollution monitoring KW - water quality management KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - surface water KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - groundwater pollution KW - water quality control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16880012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Nutrient+management%2C+an+integrated+component+for+water+quality+protection&rft.au=Shuyler%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Shuyler&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution monitoring; groundwater pollution; pollutants; surface water; nutrients (mineral); water quality control; environmental protection; groundwater; nutrients; water quality management; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's perspective -- you need to protect water quality AN - 16879891; 3800347 AB - A vast majority of the nation's water resources are degraded by nutrients. Nutrients are the leading cause (55 percent) of impairment for estuaries and coastal waters, the second leading cause in lakes (32%) and rivers (28%). Phosphorus and nitrogen compounds from diffuse nonpoint sources are most often cited by states. Nutrient management is not just an agricultural issue. There are seven major sources of nutrients: Commercial fertilizer, manure production and disposal, municipal and industrial treatment, plant sludge, municipal and industrial effluent, legumes and crop residues, irrigation water, atmospheric deposition. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Davenport, TE AD - Watershed Manage. Unit, U.S. EPA Region 5, Chicago, IL 60604, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - EPA KW - brackishwater pollution KW - marine pollution KW - nutrients KW - nutrients (mineral) KW - water pollution prevention KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - industrial wastes KW - estuaries KW - coastal waters KW - agricultural runoff KW - water quality control KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - USA KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16879891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+perspective+--+you+need+to+protect+water+quality&rft.au=Davenport%2C+TE&rft.aulast=Davenport&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; estuaries; coastal waters; agricultural runoff; marine pollution; brackishwater pollution; nutrients (mineral); water quality control; environmental protection; nutrients; water pollution prevention; USA; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new approach to runoff -- state coastal nonpoint pollution control programs AN - 16879236; 3800337 AB - States, local governments, farmers, foresters, developers, and others will soon be faced with new requirements to control nonpoint source pollution-that is, the pollution that results when rain or snow moves pollutants like nutrients and sediments, heavy metals, bacteria, and pesticides from sources such as farms, urban areas, and marinas into surface water and groundwater. In November 1990, Congress, recognizing that nonpoint pollution is a key factor in the continuing degradation of many coastal waters, enacted section 6217 of the Coastal Zone Act Reauthorization Amendments of 1990 (CZARA) (codified as 16 USC s. 1455b). CZARA requires that states and territories with approved coastal zone management programs submit Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Programs (coastal nonpoint programs) to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for approval. States that do not submit approvable programs will lose a portion of federal funding provided by section 319 of the Clean Water Act and section 306 of the Coastal Zone Management Act. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Beier, A AU - Dressing, S AU - Shuyler, L AD - Nonpoint Cent. Branch, U.S. EPA, Washington, DC 20360, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - coastal zone KW - coastal zone management KW - nonpoint pollution KW - nonpoint pollution sources KW - pollution legislation KW - state jurisdiction KW - urban runoff KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - coastal waters KW - agricultural runoff KW - Marine KW - legislation KW - USA KW - runoff KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16879236?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=A+new+approach+to+runoff+--+state+coastal+nonpoint+pollution+control+programs&rft.au=Beier%2C+A%3BDressing%2C+S%3BShuyler%2C+L&rft.aulast=Beier&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - coastal zone; pollution legislation; coastal waters; agricultural runoff; urban runoff; runoff; coastal zone management; legislation; nonpoint pollution; state jurisdiction; nonpoint pollution sources; USA; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Why nutrient management? AN - 16877986; 3800348 JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Shuyler, L R AD - U.S. EPA Chesapeake Bay Prog. Off., Annapolis, MD 21403, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - resource conservation KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - groundwater pollution KW - environment management KW - Freshwater KW - pollution control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16877986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=Why+nutrient+management%3F&rft.au=Shuyler%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Shuyler&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-08 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - groundwater pollution; environment management; resource conservation; pollution control; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting rodent carcinogenicity by in vivo biochemical parameters AN - 16876579; 3580513 AB - Most short-term tests for predicting the potential carcinogenicity of chemicals in rodents and/or humans depend, in some form, on mutagenicity or genotoxicity of the chemicals. Since the scientific breakthrough of the development of the Ames test in 1975, numerous short-term tests for predicting carcinogenicity have been developed. The work with biochemical parameters presented in this review: favored an in vivo approach, used a whole animal system, included four nongenotoxic as well as one genotoxic endpoint, assumed carcinogenesis was caused by multiple causes, and aimed at high specificity cancer predictors. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C: Environmental Carcinogenesis and Ecotoxicology Reviews AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AU - Kulkarni AD - Carcinog. and Metab. Branch, Genet. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 63 EP - 88 VL - C12 IS - 1 SN - 1059-0501, 1059-0501 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - carcinogenicity KW - biochemistry KW - prediction KW - parameters KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16876579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.atitle=Predicting+rodent+carcinogenicity+by+in+vivo+biochemical+parameters&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L%3BKulkarni&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=C12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.issn=10590501&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogenicity; prediction; biochemistry; parameters; toxicity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping critical levels of ozone, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide for crops, forests and natural vegetation in the United States AN - 16869480; 3576174 AB - Air pollution abatement strategies for controlling nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide, and ozone emissions in the United States focus on a "standards-based" approach. This approach places limits on air pollution by maintaining a baseline value for air quality, no matter what the ecosystem can or cannot withstand. In this paper, we present example critical levels maps for the conterminous U.S. developed using the "effects-based" mapping approach was defined by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe's Convention on Long-Range Transboundary Air Pollution, Task Force on Mapping. This approach emphasizes the pollution level or load capacity an ecosystem can accommodate before degradation occurs, and allows for analysis of cumulative effects. We present the first stage of an analysis that reports the distribution of exceedances of critical levels for NO sub(2), SO sub(2), and O sub(3) in sensitive forest, crop, and natural vegetation ecosystems in the contiguous United States. We conclude that extrapolation to surrounding geographic areas requires the analysis of diverse and compounding factors that preclude simple extrapolation methods. Pollutant data depicted in this analysis is limited to locationally specific data, and would be enhanced by utilizing spatial statistics, along with converging associated anthropogenic and climatological factors. Values used for critical levels were derived from current scientific knowledge. While not intended to be a definitive value, adjustments will occur as the scientific community gains new insight to pollutant/receptor relationships. We recommend future analysis to include a refinement of sensitive receptor data coverages and to report relative proportions of exceedances at varying grid scales. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Rosenbaum, B J AU - Strickland, T C AU - Mcdowell, M K AD - ManTech Environ. Technol., Inc., 200 SW 35th St., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 307 EP - 319 VL - 74 IS - 3-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - air quality standards KW - ozone KW - sulfur dioxide KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - emission control KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - pollution effects KW - forests KW - pollution monitoring KW - USA KW - crops KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16869480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Mapping+critical+levels+of+ozone%2C+sulfur+dioxide+and+nitrogen+dioxide+for+crops%2C+forests+and+natural+vegetation+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Rosenbaum%2C+B+J%3BStrickland%2C+T+C%3BMcdowell%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Rosenbaum&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=74&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; air quality standards; ozone; sulfur dioxide; nitrogen dioxide; crops; forests; vegetation; pollution effects; emission control; ecosystems; pollution monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constructed wetlands in the USA AN - 16851741; 3777245 AB - Constructed wetlands are becoming increasingly popular for wastewater treatment around the world. This interest has been due to their low construction and maintenance costs and their appeal as natural treatment systems. Wetlands have been used to treat a wide variety of wastewaters including domestic (ranging from individual home to municipal systems), industrial, agricultural, mine drainage, landfill leachate and urban stormwater. To determine the extent of wetland treatment systems in the USA, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has sponsored the creation of a database to identify and catalog information about these systems. After three years of data collection, the database now contains information on 203 wetlands at 178 sites (some sites have more than one system) distributed across the country from the Canadian border to the Gulf of Mexico. It also lists five sites in Canada. JF - Water Quality International AU - Brown, D S AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Res. Dev., Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab. Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 25 EP - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0892-211X, 0892-211X KW - artificial wetlands KW - constructed wetlands KW - data collections KW - databases KW - pollution control KW - site selection KW - siting criteria KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - wastewater treatment KW - Freshwater KW - USA KW - Canada KW - wetlands KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16851741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Quality+International&rft.atitle=Constructed+wetlands+in+the+USA&rft.au=Brown%2C+D+S&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Quality+International&rft.issn=0892211X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wetlands; wastewater treatment; data collections; site selection; pollution control; siting criteria; artificial wetlands; USA; Canada; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does environmental policy conflict with economic growth? AN - 16850409; 3572019 AB - Debates about environmental regulation most often revolve around its economic consequences, particularly its effects on economic growth. Recently, this debate has become sharper. In addition to the "traditional" view that environmental regulation impedes economic growth (most often espoused by those in the business community), an opposing school of thought has developed. According to its proponents, not only can environmental regulation provide health and ecosystem protection, but it can stimulate the economy and enhance U.S. competitiveness at the same time. JF - Resources AU - Gardiner, D AU - Portney, PR AD - US EPA, Off. Policy Plann. Eval. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 19 EP - 23 IS - 115 SN - 0048-7376, 0048-7376 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - government regulations KW - economics KW - environmental protection KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16850409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Resources&rft.atitle=Does+environmental+policy+conflict+with+economic+growth%3F&rft.au=Gardiner%2C+D%3BPortney%2C+PR&rft.aulast=Gardiner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=115&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Resources&rft.issn=00487376&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental protection; government regulations; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Value of supplemental air in improving RBC performance AN - 16829408; 3560406 AB - Rotating biological contactors (RBCs) have been used extensively, but the process units had structural and operational problems. The main problems were related to low dissolved oxygen levels, resulting in thicker biomass growth in the initial stages. This paper discusses the observed value of supplemental aeration in improving RBC performance and in ensuring longer media and shaft life because of reduced mass of biofilm growth. Three full-scale upper-midwest RBC plants, having supplemental aeration in the first two stages, were studied to determine the value of supplemental air in improving RBC performance and in controlling Beggiatoa growth. These plants were operated over a fairly wide range of organic loading. The study results indicated that it was possible to achieve higher BOD sub(5) removal rates when RBCs were provided with supplemental air. In addition, higher dissolved oxygen levels, resulting from the supplemental air, enhanced BOD sub(5) removal and ammonia nitrification significantly. JF - Water Quality Research Journal of Canada AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Tekippe, R J AU - Baumann, E R AD - U.S. EPA, P.O. Box 17-2141, Kansas City, KS 66117, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 53 EP - 73 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0197-9140, 0197-9140 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - biochemical oxygen demand KW - biomass KW - aeration KW - rotating biological contactors KW - wastewater treatment plants KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16829408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Quality+Research+Journal+of+Canada&rft.atitle=Value+of+supplemental+air+in+improving+RBC+performance&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BTekippe%2C+R+J%3BBaumann%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Quality+Research+Journal+of+Canada&rft.issn=01979140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wastewater treatment plants; rotating biological contactors; aeration; biomass; biochemical oxygen demand ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mycorrhizae alter quality and quantity of carbon allocated below ground AN - 16829234; 3554352 AB - Plants and soils are a critically important element in the global carbon-energy equation. It is estimated that in forest ecosystems over two-thirds of the carbon is contained in soils and peat deposits. Despite the importance of forest soils in the global carbon cycle, fluxes of carbon associated with fundamental processes and soil functional groups are inadequately quantified, limiting our understanding of carbon movement and sequestration in soils. We report here the direct measurement of carbon in and through all major pools of a mycorrhizal (fungus-root) coniferous seedling (a complete carbon budget). The mycorrhizal symbiont reduces overall retention of carbon in the plant-fungus symbiosis by increasing carbon in roots and below-ground respiration and reducing its retention and release above ground. Below ground, mycorrhizal plants shifted allocation of carbon to pools that are rapidly turned over, primarily to fine roots and fungal hyphae, and host root and fungal respiration. Mycorrhizae alter the size of below-ground carbon pools, the quality and, therefore, the retention time of carbon below ground. Our data indicate that if elevated atmospheric CO sub(2) and altered climate stressors alter mycorrhizal colonization in forests, the role of forests in sequestering carbon could be altered. JF - Nature AU - Rygiewicz, P T AU - Andersen, C P AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 58 EP - 60 VL - 369 IS - 6475 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - forests KW - vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas KW - carbon sources KW - ectomycorrhizas KW - carbon cycle KW - mycorrhizas KW - soil KW - A 01044:General KW - D 04600:Soil KW - W2 32450:Soil microorganisms KW - K 03096:Mycorrhiza KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16829234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Mycorrhizae+alter+quality+and+quantity+of+carbon+allocated+below+ground&rft.au=Rygiewicz%2C+P+T%3BAndersen%2C+C+P&rft.aulast=Rygiewicz&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=369&rft.issue=6475&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - forests; vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas; carbon sources; ectomycorrhizas; carbon cycle; mycorrhizas; soil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical characterization and disposition studies with 1,2,7,8-tetrabromodibenzofuran in the rat AN - 16788495; 3537295 AB - Polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans have been identified as potential environmental contaminants. The present studies were designed to characterize the chemical disposition of a tetrabrominated dibenzofuran. The isomer-specific pattern of 1,2,7,8-tetrabromodibenzofuran (TBDF) was chemically characterized using high-pressure liquid chromatography, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, infrared absorption, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. The absorption, distribution, and elimination of 1,2,7,8-[4,6- super(3)H]-TBDF were examined in the rat following a single oral, dermal, or intravenous dose of 1 nmol/kg. The 1,2,7,8-TBDF was rapidly excreted in the bile ( similar to 50% of the dose in 8 h). Likewise, over half of the administered dose was found in the feces and intestine contents 24 h after iv administration and in feces 72 h after oral administration. Thus, the half-life of 1,2,7,8-TBDF is approximately 1 d. Major tissue depots included the liver, adipose tissue, and skin. The decline in hepatic concentrations observed in the iv and bile studies occurred in conjunction with metabolic elimination as well as a slight accumulation in adipose tissue. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Kedderis, L B AU - Jackson, JA AU - Patterson, DG Jr AU - Grainger, J AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - U.S. EPA, MD-66, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 53 EP - 69 VL - 41 IS - 1 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - 1,2,7,8-tetrabromodibenzofuran KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - disposition KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16788495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Chemical+characterization+and+disposition+studies+with+1%2C2%2C7%2C8-tetrabromodibenzofuran+in+the+rat&rft.au=Kedderis%2C+L+B%3BJackson%2C+JA%3BPatterson%2C+DG+Jr%3BGrainger%2C+J%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Kedderis&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disposition ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combined sewer overflow control through in-receiving water storage: An efficiency evaluation AN - 16783492; 3744364 AB - A demonstration and efficiency evaluation project was conducted for the flow balancing method (FBM) facility, a combined sewer overflow (CSO) storage facility at Fresh Creek in Brooklyn, New York City. The FBM is a curtained tank located directly in the receiving water that captures CSO. The CSO floats on top of and displaces Fresh Creek saltwater before it is pumped back to the publicly owned treatment works (POTW). The facility was a pilot scale subject to the full CSOs. The purpose of the project was to show how the FBM can withstand severe weather and tidal conditions and to develop a procedure for estimating CSO control efficiency (percentage of CSO pumped back to the POTW). The procedure proved successful and incorporated specific conductivity as a tracer in mass balance equations. These equations provided estimates of the net percent capture-pumpback of the CSO using the FBM, including the amount of Fresh Creek water that was included in the pumpback to the POTW. The efficiency was directly related to the volume of the CSO and the pumpback rate and ranged from a low of 3.3 percent for the largest event to a high of 76.9 percent for the smallest event. Recent FBM enlargement should result in substantial increases in CSO control. The FBM facility has operated successfully for over five years, withstanding ice storms, near hurricane force winds and up to 7 ft tidal range. JF - Water Resources Bulletin AU - Field, R AU - Pitt, R AU - Jager, D AU - Brown, M AD - Field and Brown, Storm and Combined Sewer Pollut. Control Res. Program, U.S. EPA, 2890 Woodbridge Ave., Edison, NJ 08837-3679, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 921 EP - 928 VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1370, 0043-1370 KW - water storage KW - saline water KW - pumping KW - storm water KW - USA, New York, Brooklyn KW - stormwater runoff KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - wastewater treatment KW - simulation KW - sewers KW - combined sewer overflows KW - water quality control KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16783492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Combined+sewer+overflow+control+through+in-receiving+water+storage%3A+An+efficiency+evaluation&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BPitt%2C+R%3BJager%2C+D%3BBrown%2C+M&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=921&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.issn=00431370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - combined sewer overflows; water storage; water quality control; saline water; pumping; simulation; storm water; wastewater treatment; sewers; stormwater runoff ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rationale and derivation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's inhalation reference concentration for styrene AN - 16778113; 3740079 AB - Scientific aspects of derivation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's inhalation reference concentration (RfC) for styrene are presented and discussed. The current RfC for styrene is 1 mg/m super(3) based on neurotoxicity in humans. The adverse effects noted were deficits in intellectual function, memory, and reaction times, as reported in a study in which workers were exposed to styrene for an average of 8.6 yr. The rationale and decision process for choice of these effects and this study for derivation of the RfC are examined. Difficulties encountered during this derivation, including problems inherent in occupational studies, interpretation of neurotoxic effects in humans, and issues regarding portal-of-entry effects and adversity in animal studies, are also discussed. JF - TOXIC SUBST. J. AU - Foureman, G L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Criteria and Assess. Off. (MD-52), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 283 EP - 302 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0199-3178, 0199-3178 KW - styrene KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - inhalation KW - neurotoxicity KW - standards KW - USA KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16778113?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TOXIC+SUBST.+J.&rft.atitle=Rationale+and+derivation+of+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+inhalation+reference+concentration+for+styrene&rft.au=Foureman%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Foureman&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=TOXIC+SUBST.+J.&rft.issn=01993178&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; styrene; inhalation; standards; neurotoxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lithium: A review of its pharmacokinetics, health effects, and toxicology AN - 16763425; 3741214 AB - Lithium (Li) is commonly used in treating bipolar disease. Therapeutic concentrations of lithium have almost no psychotropic effects in normal man. It is not a sedative, depressant, or euphoriant and this characteristic differentiates lithium from other psychotropic agents. Prospective epidemiologic studies demonstrate that lithium carbonate in therapeutic oral doses with the plasma level between 1.2 and 1.5 meq/L (225 to 676 mg of lithium) do not cause diabetes insipidus, urine output increases in men to 3 liters; GFR does not significantly increase; creatinine clearance remains stable in women but decreases in men; renal concentrating capacity is significantly reduced; calcium metabolism is altered by lowering urinary calcium excretion and increasing serum calcium concentrations, thereby increasing circulating PTH. In pregnancy Li causes an increase in high perinatal death rate and a high malformation rate. The use of lithium in early pregnancy is associated with a several fold increase in the incidence of cardiovascular anomalies in the newborn, tricuspid valve abnormalities. The woman on lithium therapy who attempts to become pregnant should notify her physician. Careful monitoring of blood lithium levels must be done every three days. JF - Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology AU - Marcus, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 73 EP - 79 VL - 13 IS - 2 SN - 0731-8898, 0731-8898 KW - man KW - lithium KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - side effects KW - drinking water KW - X 24114:Metabolism KW - H SE4.28:PHARMACEUTICALS KW - X 24113:Side effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16763425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Pathology%2C+Toxicology+and+Oncology&rft.atitle=Lithium%3A+A+review+of+its+pharmacokinetics%2C+health+effects%2C+and+toxicology&rft.au=Marcus%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=73&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Pathology%2C+Toxicology+and+Oncology&rft.issn=07318898&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lithium; side effects; drinking water; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on humoral immunity and lymphocyte subpopulations: Differences between mice and rats AN - 16762757; 3731644 AB - While the effect that TCDD has on humoral immunity has been well documented for the mouse, it has not been for the rat. In this study, the effect that TCDD has on the antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) in adult female B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats was compared. The effect that TCDD has on the PFC response of male F344 and female Long-Evans rats was also determined. Mice or rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of TCDD at doses ranging from 0.1 to 30 mu g/kg, 7 days prior to intravenous immunization with SRBC. Four days later the PFC response to SRBC was determined. Mice showed a dose-related suppression of the PFC response, with an ED50 of 0.7 mu g/kg TCDD. In contrast, TCDD failed to suppress and in fact enhanced the PFC response to SRBC in rats at doses as high as 30 mu g/kg. The inability of TCDD to suppress the PFC response in rats was unrelated to hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 induction which was detectable at doses of 1 and 0.3 mu g/kg TCDD, respectively. There was no shift in the time to peak PFC response in rats dosed with TCDD, nor was the failure of TCDD to suppress the PFC response in rats related to gender or strain. Phenotypic analysis of thymocytes and splenic lymphocytes from TCDD-dosed (i.e., 3, 10, or 30 mu g/kg) and SRBC-immunized mice and rats revealed that CD4 super(-)CD8 super(+) splenocytes were reduced in a dose-related manner in rats only and that this reduction in CD4 super(-)CD8 super(+) was accompanied by a dose-related increase in IgM super(+) splenocytes. These results demonstrate species differences in the effect of TCDD on the PFC response to SRBC which were unrelated to hepatic CYP1A1 or CYP1A2 induction, time to peak response, gender, and strain. The failure of TCDD to suppress and in fact to enhance the PFC response to SRBC in rats appears to be related to alterations in splenic CD4 super(-)CD8 super(+) lymphocytes. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Smialowicz, R J AU - Riddle, M M AU - Williams, W C AU - Diliberto, J J AD - MD-92, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 248 EP - 256 VL - 124 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - TCDD KW - mice KW - rats KW - Immunology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - populations KW - lymphocytes KW - immunomodulation KW - immunity (humoral) KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - F 06786:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16762757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+on+humoral+immunity+and+lymphocyte+subpopulations%3A+Differences+between+mice+and+rats&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J%3BRiddle%2C+M+M%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=124&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - immunity (humoral); lymphocytes; populations; immunomodulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aquatic safety of Lagenidium giganteum: Effects on freshwater fish and invertebrates AN - 16744556; 3724361 AB - Eleven freshwater species were exposed to a zoosporeproducing fungus, Lagenidium giganteum, with the goal of determining species sensitivity with standard and new test procedures. The tests included standard, 4-day acute exposures of cladocerans (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia pulex, and D. magna) and the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Standard 7-day chronic exposures of C. dubia and a 7-day embryo-larval exposure of P. promelas were also conducted. New, 4-day acute, methods were developed for mosquitos (Aedes aegypti), chironomids (Chironomus sp.) oligochaetes (Lumbriculus sp.), cyclopid copepods, snalis (Physa sp.), hydrozoans (Hydra sp.), and ostracods. To assess L. giganteum zoospore (z) infectivity, each test included daily bioassays with the mosquito (A. aegypti), a target organism. Four-day A. aegypti LC sub(50)s ranged from 81 to 516 z/ml. Ceriodaphnia dubia acute test LC sub(50)s were as low as 6700 z/ml and the 96-hr LC sub(50) from the chronic test was near 6250 z/ml with reproductive impairment at 12,500 z/ml. Daphnia sp. were also susceptible, with LC sub(50)s near 7700 z/ml for D. pulex and 9400 z/ml for D. magna. Chironomus tentans was infected at concentrations of greater than or equal to 5000 z/ml, but mortality was low and an LC sub(50) could not be calculated even after exposures to 50,000 z/ml. The 7-day, early life stage test with P. promelas produced reduced larva growth in most treatments. Several species (Hydra sp., L. variegatus, ostracoda, copepoda, Physa sp., and P. promelas) were not affected in acute tests at exposures of 50,000 z/ml. The data show, contrary to many reports, that L. giganteum may affect some nontarget aquatic species. The key to successful laboratory tests is monitoring and maintaining the zoospores' infection capacity. JF - Journal of Invertebrate Pathology AU - Nestrud, L B AU - Anderson, R L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 228 EP - 233 VL - 64 IS - 3 SN - 0022-2011, 0022-2011 KW - freshwater ecology KW - health and safety KW - microbial pesticides KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Aedes aegypti KW - Chironomidae KW - Freshwater KW - chemical control KW - Pisces KW - biotechnology KW - Lagenidium giganteum KW - pest control KW - Chironomus tentans KW - biological control KW - bioassays KW - Culicidae KW - safety regulations KW - pesticides KW - Diptera KW - microorganisms KW - Q4 27330:Fish culture KW - Z 05182:Pathology KW - A 01069:Antimicrobial & microbiocidal KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - W2 32445:Pest control KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - K 03088:Fungi: animal KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16744556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Invertebrate+Pathology&rft.atitle=Aquatic+safety+of+Lagenidium+giganteum%3A+Effects+on+freshwater+fish+and+invertebrates&rft.au=Nestrud%2C+L+B%3BAnderson%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Nestrud&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=228&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Invertebrate+Pathology&rft.issn=00222011&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biotechnology; health and safety; biological control; pest control; freshwater ecology; safety regulations; bioassays; toxicity tests; pesticides; chemical control; microorganisms; toxicity testing; Pisces; Chironomidae; Aedes aegypti; Lagenidium giganteum; Chironomus tentans; Culicidae; Diptera; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population declines of the native frog, Rana muscosa, in Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks, California AN - 16723813; 3711988 AB - Rana muscosa (mountain yellow-legged frog) is one of a number of amphibians around the world that reportedly have declined in numbers in recent years in seemingly well-protected environments. In Sequoia and Kings Canyon national parks, California, two study areas comprising the headwaters of seven creek systems were surveyed for R. muscosa and Pseudacris regilla (Pacific chorus frog) in 1978-1979 and again in 1989. R. muscosa was found at 27 sites greater than 200 m apart in 1978-1979, but at only one site in 1989, and the population at this site disappeared by 1991. In contrast, P. regilla was found at 15 to 17 sites both times. A comparison of 21 historical (1955-1979) and recent (1989-1990) records scattered throughout the parks showed that R. muscosa remained at only 11 of these sites in 1989-1990. A similar comparison of 24 historical and recent records elsewhere in the Sierra Nevada showed that R. muscosa remained at only three sites. We conclude that R. muscosa has disappeared from about half of its historical localities in Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks during the past three decades, and has been extirpated in some drainages. The magnitude of decline appears to be even more pronounced outside the parks. The causes for these declines are not clear. JF - Southwestern Naturalist AU - Bradford, D F AU - Graber, D M AU - Tabatabai, F AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., P.O. Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 323 EP - 327 VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0038-4909, 0038-4909 KW - habitats KW - population decline KW - population number KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - Rana muscosa KW - mortality KW - recruitment KW - USA, California KW - population dynamics KW - land use KW - Q1 08443:Population genetics KW - D 04669:Amphibians UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16723813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southwestern+Naturalist&rft.atitle=Population+declines+of+the+native+frog%2C+Rana+muscosa%2C+in+Sequoia+and+Kings+Canyon+national+parks%2C+California&rft.au=Bradford%2C+D+F%3BGraber%2C+D+M%3BTabatabai%2C+F&rft.aulast=Bradford&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Southwestern+Naturalist&rft.issn=00384909&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - population number; mortality; recruitment; environmental protection; land use; population dynamics; population decline; Rana muscosa; USA, California; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mining impacts on fish assemblages in the Eagle and Arkansas Rivers, Colorado AN - 16723316; 3708609 AB - Fish were collected at 18 sites in the Arkansas and Eagle rivers. Richness at all sites was low (1-3 species). Analyses of fish assemblage data from the Arkansas and Eagle rivers and their tributaries suggested significant differences among sites subject to mine impacts and control or recovering sites. Native taxa were collected at only one site in the Arkansas River drainage (Oncorhynchus clarki clarki) and only at the Eagle River control sites (Paiute sculpins, Cottus beldingi). JF - Journal of freshwater ecology. La Crosse, WI AU - McCormick, F H AU - Hill, B H AU - Parrish, L P AU - Willingham, W T AD - US EPA, Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., 3411 Church St., Cincinnati, OH 45244, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 175 EP - 179 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0270-5060, 0270-5060 KW - Cottus beldingi KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Salmo trutta KW - mining KW - zinc KW - USA, Colorado, Arkansas R. KW - Freshwater KW - rivers KW - pollution tolerance KW - iron KW - USA, Colorado, Eagle R. KW - toxicity KW - freshwater fish KW - aluminium KW - freshwater pollution KW - Oncorhynchus clarki KW - mine tailings KW - pollution effects KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16723316?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+freshwater+ecology.+La+Crosse%2C+WI&rft.atitle=Mining+impacts+on+fish+assemblages+in+the+Eagle+and+Arkansas+Rivers%2C+Colorado&rft.au=McCormick%2C+F+H%3BHill%2C+B+H%3BParrish%2C+L+P%3BWillingham%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=McCormick&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+freshwater+ecology.+La+Crosse%2C+WI&rft.issn=02705060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - zinc; mining; toxicity; freshwater fish; aluminium; freshwater pollution; mine tailings; pollution effects; rivers; pollution tolerance; iron; Salmo trutta; Oncorhynchus clarki; USA, Colorado, Arkansas R.; USA, Colorado, Eagle R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - SITE demonstration of the Toronto Harbour Commissioners Soil Recycling Project AN - 16720530; 3710107 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in cooperation with the Toronto Harbour Commissioners (THC), conducted a Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) demonstration of the THC Soil Recycle Treatment Train. The treatment train consists of three technologies operated in sequence: a soil wash process, a metals removal process, and a biological treatment process. The THC conducted an extensive demonstration of the treatment train at a 55 tons per day pilot plant in order to evaluate an approach for remediation of industrial/commercial sites that are situated in the Toronto Port Industrial District (PID). Three soils were processed during the THC demonstration. The EPA SITE demonstration project examined, in detail, soil processing from one of the sites being evaluated as part of the overall THC project. Contaminants included organic compounds and heavy metals. It has been estimated by THC that as much as 2,200,000 tons of soil from locations within the PID may require some form of treatment due to heavy metal and/or organic contamination that resulted from various industrial processing operations. The objective of the SITE demonstration was to evaluate the technical effectiveness of the process in relation to THC's target criteria. Gravel and sand that met the THC target criteria for medium to fine soil suitable for industrial/commercial sites was produced. The fine soil from the biological treatment process did not meet the target level of 2.4 ppm for benzo(a)pyrene. However, there was a significant reduction in polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) compounds. The metals removal process achieved reductions of greater than seventy percent for copper, lead, nickel, and zinc. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Richardson, T L AU - Ehrenreich, L AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 727 EP - 731 VL - 44 IS - 5 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - pollution clean-up KW - soil remediation KW - Superfund KW - benzo(a)pyrene KW - polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons KW - cleanup KW - soil treatment KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - technology KW - biological treatment KW - remediation KW - heavy metals KW - recycling KW - organic compounds KW - soil contamination KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16720530?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=SITE+demonstration+of+the+Toronto+Harbour+Commissioners+Soil+Recycling+Project&rft.au=Richardson%2C+T+L%3BEhrenreich%2C+L&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=727&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil contamination; recycling; technology; biological treatment; heavy metals; organic compounds; cleanup; remediation; soil treatment; pollution clean-up; soil remediation; Superfund; polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bay-delta management plan signed by EPA administrator AN - 16713972; 3711413 AB - EPA Administrator Carol Browner has approved a comprehensive plan to improve resource protection of the San Francisco Bay and Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta estuary. The Comprehensive Conservation and Management Plan (CCMP) was prepared by representatives from the environmental community, government, industry, and the public. The state of California and EPA signed an agreement in 1987 to establish the San Francisco Estuary Project and prepare the CCMP. As part of the National Estuary Program, the estuary project headed a management conference to study the problems and prepare the CCMP. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Grunwald, L AD - U.S. EPA Reg. IX, San Francisco, CA, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 35 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - EPA KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - water resources management KW - public participation KW - planning KW - state jurisdiction KW - federal jurisdiction KW - water quality control KW - USA, California, San Francisco KW - estuarine environment KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16713972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Bay-delta+management+plan+signed+by+EPA+administrator&rft.au=Grunwald%2C+L&rft.aulast=Grunwald&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality control; estuarine environment; water resources management; planning; federal jurisdiction; state jurisdiction; public participation; USA, California, San Francisco ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NO sub(x) removal with combined selective catalytic reduction and selective noncatalytic reduction: Pilot-scale test results AN - 16707680; 3701223 AB - Pilot-scale tests were conducted to develop a combined nitrogen oxide (NO sub(x)) reduction technology using both selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective noncatalytic reduction (SNCR). A commercially available vanadium- and titanium-based composite honeycomb catalyst and enhanced urea (NH sub(2)CONH sub(2)) were used with a natural-gas-fired furnace at a NO sub(x) concentration of 110 ppm. Changes in SNCR chemical injection temperature and stoichiometry led to varying levels of post-furnace ammonia (NH sub(3)), which acts as the reductant feed to the downstream SCR catalyst. The urea-based chemical could routinely achieve SNCR plus SCR total NO sub(x) reductions of 85 percent with less than 3 ppm NH sub(3) slip at reductant/NO sub(x) stoichiometries ranging from about 1.5 to 2.5 and SCR space velocities of 18,000 to 32,000/h. This pilot-scale research has shown that SNCR and SCR can be integrated to achieve high NO sub(x) removal. SNCR provides high temperature reduction of NO sub(x) followed by further removal of NO sub(x) and minimization of NH sub(3) slip by a significantly downsized (high-space velocity) SCR. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Gullett, B K AU - Groff, P W AU - Lin, M L AU - Chen, J M AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1188 EP - 1194 VL - 44 IS - 10 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - catalysis KW - pollutant removal KW - air pollution control KW - nitrogen oxides KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16707680?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=NO+sub%28x%29+removal+with+combined+selective+catalytic+reduction+and+selective+noncatalytic+reduction%3A+Pilot-scale+test+results&rft.au=Gullett%2C+B+K%3BGroff%2C+P+W%3BLin%2C+M+L%3BChen%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Gullett&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nitrogen oxides; pollutant removal; air pollution control; catalysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring and modeling chlorine propagation in water distribution systems AN - 16705644; 3699812 AB - Until recently most emphasis on implementing Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs) under the Safe Drinking Water Act and its Amendments (SDWAA) has been focused on drinking water as it leaves the treatment plant. However, the SDWAA has been interpreted as requiring that its MCLs must be met at the consumer's tap. This interpretation has forced consideration of the drinking-water distribution system when measuring and monitoring contaminants for SDWAA compliance. It is increasingly apparent that water quality can undergo significant deterioration between the treatment plant and the consumer's tap. A field study conducted in conjunction with the South Central Connecticut Regional Water Authority using a contaminant propagation model demonstrated long residence times in one of its service areas, which suggested potential difficulties in maintaining chlorine residuals throughout the system. A follow-up study verified that maintaining residuals is difficult and demonstrated that a simple first-order decay model associated with modeling chlorine residuals is inadequate. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Clark, R M AU - Grayman, WM AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Deininger, R A AU - Skov, K AD - Drinking Water Res. Div., RREL, U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 871 EP - 882 VL - 126 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - conveyance structures KW - water quality KW - water distribution KW - water treatment KW - chlorination KW - byproducts KW - drinking water KW - contamination KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16705644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Measuring+and+modeling+chlorine+propagation+in+water+distribution+systems&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGrayman%2C+WM%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BDeininger%2C+R+A%3BSkov%2C+K&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=126&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=871&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water distribution; drinking water; conveyance structures; water quality; chlorination; byproducts; water treatment; contamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential for reducing nitrogen pollution through improved agronomic practices AN - 16704947; 3697295 AB - According to the 1990 National Water Quality Inventory, nutrient runoff from agriculture is one of the largest contributors to watershed contamination. Nutrient balance studies suggest that many farmers use more fertilizer than necessary because of insufficient crediting for nutrients coming from manure and legumes. Using data from the USDA's 1990 Farm Costs and Returns Survey, we found that farmers raising only conventional crops spend between $470 to $624 million more per year on fertilizer than necessary. This accounts for a range of 24 percent to 32 percent of total annual nitrogen (N) purchases. The excess N amounts to between 2.5 to 3.3 billion pounds N and has considerable water pollution potential. Farmers and the fertilizer industry have responded positively to highly focused research and education programs which support improved crediting of these nutrients. JF - Water Resources Bulletin AU - Trachtenberg, E AU - Ogg, C AD - U.S. EPA, 401 M St. S.W., Mail Code 2124, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1109 EP - 1118 VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1370, 0043-1370 KW - agricultural pollution KW - agricultural practices KW - economic aspects KW - economics KW - nonpoint pollution KW - nonpoint pollution sources KW - nutrients KW - nutrients (mineral) KW - pollution control KW - water pollution control KW - water pollution sources KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - fertilizers KW - Freshwater KW - nitrogen KW - agricultural runoff KW - groundwater pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16704947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Potential+for+reducing+nitrogen+pollution+through+improved+agronomic+practices&rft.au=Trachtenberg%2C+E%3BOgg%2C+C&rft.aulast=Trachtenberg&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.issn=00431370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agricultural pollution; fertilizers; groundwater pollution; agricultural runoff; economics; nutrients (mineral); pollution control; nitrogen; nutrients; water pollution control; nonpoint pollution; agricultural practices; nonpoint pollution sources; water pollution sources; economic aspects; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methodology for modeling the devolatilization of refuse-derived fuel from thermogravimetric analysis of municipal solid waste components AN - 16691153; 3697500 AB - The capacity of waste-to-energy (WTE) plants in the U.S. is expected to double by the year 2000. Many of these plants will burn refuse-derived fuel (RDF) consisting of municipal solid waste (MSW) components. A large percentage of the mass of RDF is volatile matter, which when combusted, contributes significantly to the boiler heat rate. A methodology is presented for estimating the devolatilization characteristics of RDF based on the premise that RDF can be modeled as some combination of select MSW components. Thermogravimetric analyses of these components provide the input data to the methodology. The outputs from the methodology are calculations of volatile weight loss versus temperature, or calculated thermograms, for the components at user-defined conditions. The hypothesis was made that these thermograms could be summed, given the mix of components in the RDF, to give an accurate description of the devolatilization process for the RDF. This hypothesis was tested by performing the thermogravimetric analysis on MSW components that included newspaper and plastic consumer goods made from polystyrene foam, polyethylene terepthalate, polypropylene, and high-density polyethylene. These components were analyzed both as individual samples and as a controlled mixture that served as a surrogate RDF sample. The samples were heated within the thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) at a rate of 50 degree C/min in a nitrogen flow. Thermograms were calculated for the components and then summed according to the methodology. The calculations matched the thermogravimetric data for the surrogate RDF sample, thus supporting the hypothesis that RDF devolatilization is described by the superposition of the volatile weight loss for the constituent materials. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Fritsky, K J AU - Miller, D L AU - Cernansky, N P AD - U.S. EPA, Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1116 EP - 1123 VL - 44 IS - 9 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - thermogravimetric analysis KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - waste management KW - municipal solid wastes KW - refuse derived fuels KW - volatile organic compounds KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16691153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Methodology+for+modeling+the+devolatilization+of+refuse-derived+fuel+from+thermogravimetric+analysis+of+municipal+solid+waste+components&rft.au=Fritsky%2C+K+J%3BMiller%2C+D+L%3BCernansky%2C+N+P&rft.aulast=Fritsky&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - refuse derived fuels; municipal solid wastes; waste management; volatile organic compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The handling and disposal of residuals from the treatment of urban stormwater runoff from separate storm drainage systems AN - 16690581; 3690648 AB - Given the magnitude of stormwater runoff (from separate storm drainage systems) and its pollutional contribution, the treatment of stormwater would generate residuals in amounts equal to or in excess of the volume of sludge now generated by municipal wastewater treatment. The characteristics of stormwater runoff differ substantially from that of wastewater or combined sewer overflow (CSO) in several important parameters, most notably suspended solids (SS) and organic content. The increased SS content of stormwater runoff results in higher volumes of residuals and increased handling and disposal costs. Similarly, the lower organic and nutrient content of stormwater runoff limits both the effectiveness of conventional biological treatment processes and land application disposal options. Several treatment and handling approaches are discussed and evaluated, including both centralized and satellite options. In addition, the primary and secondary economic (e.g. cost, land requirements) and environmental (e.g. air and water pollution, public health, etc.) impacts of stormwater runoff residuals treatment, handling, and disposal are reviewed. JF - Waste Management & Research AU - Field, R AU - O'Shea, M L AD - Storm Combined Sewer Program, Water Hazard. Waste Treat. Res. Div., U.S. EPA, Edison, NJ, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 527 EP - 539 VL - 12 IS - 6 SN - 0734-242X, 0734-242X KW - biological treatment KW - combined sewer overflows KW - drains KW - economics KW - land application KW - pollution control KW - residues KW - sewers KW - sludge disposal KW - sludge treatment KW - storm runoff KW - stormwater runoff KW - urban areas KW - urban runoff KW - wastewater disposal KW - water pollution treatment KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - sludge KW - Freshwater KW - water treatment KW - waste disposal KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16690581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.atitle=The+handling+and+disposal+of+residuals+from+the+treatment+of+urban+stormwater+runoff+from+separate+storm+drainage+systems&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BO%27Shea%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management+%26+Research&rft.issn=0734242X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sludge treatment; urban runoff; water treatment; sludge; economics; water pollution treatment; waste disposal; pollution control; stormwater runoff; residues; urban areas; land application; biological treatment; sewers; combined sewer overflows; sludge disposal; storm runoff; drains; wastewater disposal; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation and removal reactions of hazardous air pollutants AN - 16688196; 3696226 AB - Current regulatory policies for hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) target the sources of direct emissions. In addition to direct emissions, some of the aromatic, nitrogenated, and oxygenated HAPs can be formed in the atmosphere. Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde, in particular, are produced by almost every hydrocarbon photooxidation reaction. Estimates have been made that, in some urban areas, in situ formation contributes as much as 85 percent of the ambient levels of formaldehyde and 95 percent for acetaldehyde. Over 40 percent of the HAPs being regulated under Title III of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments have atmospheric lifetimes of less than one day. The transformation products of these HAPs with low atmospheric persistence are important for assessing risks to human health, especially for cases where the transformation products are more toxic than the HAP itself. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Kao, A S AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 683 EP - 696 VL - 44 IS - 5 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - acetaldehyde KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - photochemicals KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - urban areas KW - formaldehyde KW - air quality acts KW - hydrocarbons KW - public health KW - air pollution KW - chemical reactions KW - federal regulations KW - toxic materials KW - USA KW - pollutant persistence KW - risk assessment KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16688196?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Formation+and+removal+reactions+of+hazardous+air+pollutants&rft.au=Kao%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Kao&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=683&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; air pollution; formaldehyde; chemical reactions; photochemicals; urban areas; pollutant persistence; public health; risk assessment; Clean Air Act Amendments; air quality acts; toxic materials; federal regulations; hydrocarbons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distinguishing between ecoregions, lake phosphorus regions, and lake management regions AN - 16686436; 3690191 AB - Geographic frameworks that depict areas of similarity in resource quality, quantity, and interrelationships are necessary for effectively structuring the research, assessment, monitoring, and management of environmental resources. However, like comparing ponchos to tailor-made raincoats, there are differences, similarities, advantages, and limitations in the different types of regional frameworks that are now being used for lake management. Ecological regions have been, and are being, defined at various scales. They provide a multi-purpose framework and have been used for developing biological criteria, setting water quality standards, and guiding lake management decisions. Delineation of ecoregions is accomplished through analysis of information on a combination of spatial characteristics including land use, geology, climate, physiography, potential natural vegetation, and soils. The relative importance of each of these characteristics varies from one area to another regardless of the scale at which the regions are being delineated. Lake phosphorus regions have been compiled for the Northeast and Upper Midwest for the specific purpose of addressing eutrophication issues. Compilation of these maps is based on geographic patterns of phosphorus values in lakes and apparent associations between these patterns and those of landscape and lake morphometric characteristics. A third type of region, -the lake management region, - is currently being defined for Florida. These regions reflect spatial differences in the mosaic of lake types, lake quality, and associations with soils, land use, geology etc. In addition to phosphorus, patterns in a variety of other factors including alkalinity, biological productivity, and color are analyzed to define these regions. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Omernik, JM AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 101 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - catchment area KW - classification systems KW - ecoregions KW - ecosystem management KW - freshwater lakes KW - vegetation cover KW - water quality standards KW - water resources management KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - monitoring KW - USA, Florida KW - lakes KW - mapping KW - phosphorus KW - Freshwater KW - natural resources KW - classification KW - land use KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16686436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=Distinguishing+between+ecoregions%2C+lake+phosphorus+regions%2C+and+lake+management+regions&rft.au=Omernik%2C+JM&rft.aulast=Omernik&rft.aufirst=JM&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Learning+and+Instruction&rft.issn=09594752&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2Fj.learninstruc.2005.04.009 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - monitoring; natural resources; ecosystem management; freshwater lakes; vegetation cover; classification; catchment area; lakes; phosphorus; mapping; classification systems; land use; water resources management; water quality standards; USA, Florida; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indicators of wetland condition in the Prairie Pothole Region AN - 16686180; 3690194 AB - The Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) initiated a project with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of the United States in 1992 to evaluate the performance of selected wetland condition indicators. The PPR was selected for this study because it represents one of the three major classes of wetlands (palustrine emergent) in the country and because the region is responsible for producing at least half of North America's waterfowl. Indicators were selected on the basis of their perceived ability to discriminate between wetland conditions in highly disturbed areas versus those in relatively undisturbed areas in anticipation of implementing successful indicators on a probability sampling basis across the PPR. In addition, indicators were selected on the basis of their ability to address one or more of the four most significant wetland values (Biological Integrity, Harvestable Productivity, Water Quality Improvement, and Flood Attenuation) identified for this region. This presentation focuses on the evaluation of wetland condition indicator responses in intensively cropped and relatively uncropped landscapes. Indicators include wetland density, number of wetlands, mean wetland size, ratio of cropland/upland to wetland, mileage of drainage ditch/tile per acre, water quality, macroinvertebrates, vegetation, soil and sediment chemistry, and pesticide residues. Preliminary results indicate the best indicators to be plant species abundance in wet meadow areas, sediment chemistry, sedimentation rates, and drain tile abundance at the landscape level. Relative performance of these indicators including their precision and accuracy will be addressed. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Peterson, SA AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 103 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - aquatic birds KW - aquatic habitats KW - bioindicators KW - classification systems KW - ecosystem disturbance KW - environmental monitoring KW - pollution indicators KW - potholes KW - prairies KW - sedimentation rates KW - water resources management KW - waterfowl KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Freshwater KW - USA KW - wetlands KW - land use KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16686180?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=Indicators+of+wetland+condition+in+the+Prairie+Pothole+Region&rft.au=Peterson%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.issn=07438141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; aquatic birds; environmental monitoring; wetlands; pollution indicators; ecosystem disturbance; classification systems; land use; aquatic habitats; water resources management; waterfowl; sedimentation rates; prairies; bioindicators; potholes; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of dry-weather pollutant entries into storm-drainage systems AN - 16681790; 3692101 AB - This article describes the results of a series of research tasks to develop a procedure to investigate non-storm-water (dry-weather) entries into storm-drainage systems. Dry-weather flows discharging from storm-drainage systems contribute significant pollutant loadings to receiving waters, and although they can originate from many sources, the most significant include sanitary wastewater, industrial- and commercial-pollutant entries, failing septic-tank systems, and vehicle-maintenance activities. Protocols are discussed to characterize the drainage area, locate and identify polluted outfalls, estimate the magnitudes of non-storm-water entries, and locate and correct the non-storm-water entries into the storm-drainage system. If these loadings are ignored (e.g., by only considering wet-weather storm-water runoff), only limited improvement in receiving-water conditions may occur with storm-water pollution-control programs. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Field, R AU - Pitt, R AU - Lalor, M AU - Brown, M AU - Vilkelis, W AU - Phackston, E AD - Storm and Combined Sewer Pollut. Control Prog., Risk Reduction Eng. Lab.-Cincinnati, U.S. EPA, Edison, NJ 08837-3679, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1044 EP - 1066 VL - 120 IS - 5 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - storm water KW - storm-overflow sewers KW - pollutants KW - water pollution sources KW - storm runoff KW - urban runoff KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - drainage KW - runoff KW - water quality control KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16681790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Investigation+of+dry-weather+pollutant+entries+into+storm-drainage+systems&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BPitt%2C+R%3BLalor%2C+M%3BBrown%2C+M%3BVilkelis%2C+W%3BPhackston%2C+E&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1044&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - storm water; storm-overflow sewers; pollutants; water pollution sources; storm runoff; urban runoff; water quality control; drainage; runoff ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efforts to develop guidance on lake and reservoir bioassessment and biocriteria: Status and issues AN - 16679880; 3692796 AB - A work group was initially convened in 1992 by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to develop guidance on (1) how to assess the biological communities in lakes and reservoirs and (2) how to determine criteria to indicate the health of these communities. A revised draft of this guidance document is expected to be available in the fall of 1994. The purpose of this session will be two-fold. First, the progress of the work group to date will be presented, with particular focus on known outstanding concerns and issues. Secondly, an open discussion format will invite input from session participants on their concerns and questions regarding bioassessment and biocriteria for lakes and reservoirs. This input is essential to ensure that the guidance document will adequately address the concerns and needs of state, tribal and other programs responsible for the assessment and protection of lake and reservoir water quality. Some potential topics of discussion could include such questions as - What are the characteristics of biological integrity? What is the reference condition for a reservoir? What is the best indicator of biological health for different types of lake systems? Are paleolimnological techniques practical for state agencies to use? JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Ratcliffe, S AU - Gibson, G AU - Liu, E AU - Sefton, D AD - U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 107 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - bioindicators KW - decision making KW - environmental monitoring KW - federal jurisdiction KW - freshwater lakes KW - guidelines KW - interagency cooperation KW - pollution indicators KW - reservoirs KW - reservoirs (water) KW - water resources management KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - protection KW - water quality KW - lakes KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - USA KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16679880?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=Efforts+to+develop+guidance+on+lake+and+reservoir+bioassessment+and+biocriteria%3A+Status+and+issues&rft.au=Ratcliffe%2C+S%3BGibson%2C+G%3BLiu%2C+E%3BSefton%2C+D&rft.aulast=Ratcliffe&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.issn=07438141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - protection; water quality; environmental monitoring; freshwater lakes; pollution indicators; lakes; environmental protection; interagency cooperation; water resources management; reservoirs; federal jurisdiction; decision making; bioindicators; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's regional clean lakes coordinators meeting with state/tribal/clean lakes project coordinators AN - 16666622; 3676273 AB - "Break-out" groups of the U.S. EPA Regional Clean Lakes Coordinators and State/Tribal lake program managers will meet to discuss Regional specific Clean Lakes Program issues. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Howard, W AU - Faber, T AU - Reighcott, T AU - Marshall, H AU - Davenport, T AU - Bira, M AU - Sheridan, L AU - Rathke, D AU - Smith, W AU - Mendelman, K AD - U.S. EPA Regional Clean Lakes Coordinators, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 107 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - Clean Lakes Program KW - Clean Water Act KW - decision making KW - ecosystem management KW - federal jurisdiction KW - freshwater lakes KW - interagency cooperation KW - management planning KW - pollution control KW - regulations KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - USA KW - cooperatives KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16666622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+regional+clean+lakes+coordinators+meeting+with+state%2Ftribal%2Fclean+lakes+project+coordinators&rft.au=Howard%2C+W%3BFaber%2C+T%3BReighcott%2C+T%3BMarshall%2C+H%3BDavenport%2C+T%3BBira%2C+M%3BSheridan%2C+L%3BRathke%2C+D%3BSmith%2C+W%3BMendelman%2C+K&rft.aulast=Howard&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.issn=07438141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; ecosystem management; freshwater lakes; cooperatives; environmental protection; pollution control; interagency cooperation; management planning; regulations; federal jurisdiction; Clean Water Act; decision making; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's clean lakes program: Current status and issues AN - 16663120; 3676264 AB - The status of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Clean Lakes Program will be presented. There will be an open discussion on how the Clean Lakes Program can best serve the needs of the States, Native American Tribes, and citizens concerned with lake issues. Specific topics to be discussed might include the Clean Water Act section 305(b) lakes reporting requirements, criteria development for lakes, lake outreach efforts, and the future direction and strategy of the Federal Clean Lakes Program. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Ratcliffe, S AU - Icke, T AU - Sefton, D AD - U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 106 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - Clean Water Act KW - benefits KW - federal jurisdiction KW - freshwater lakes KW - government policy KW - pollution control KW - regulations KW - state jurisdiction KW - water law KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - USA KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16663120?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+clean+lakes+program%3A+Current+status+and+issues&rft.au=Ratcliffe%2C+S%3BIcke%2C+T%3BSefton%2C+D&rft.aulast=Ratcliffe&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Behavioral+self-regulation+and+relations+to+academic+achievement+across+a+four+year+time+period&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Abstract only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; freshwater lakes; environmental protection; pollution control; water law; state jurisdiction; regulations; federal jurisdiction; Clean Water Act; benefits; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of nitrogen source on crude oil biodegradation AN - 16642204; 3646278 AB - The effects of NH sub(4)C1 and KNO sub(3) on biodegradation of light Arabian crude oil by an oil-degrading enrichment culture were studied in respirometers. In poorly buffered sea salts medium, the pH decreased dramatically in cultures that contained NH sub(4)C1, but not in those supplied with KNO sub(3). The ammonia-associated pH decline was severe enough to completely stop oil biodegradation as measured by oxygen uptake. Regular adjustment of the culture pH allowed oil biodegradation to proceed normally. A small amount of nitrate accumulated in all cultures that contained ammonia, but nitrification accounted for less than 5% of the acid that was observed. The nitrification inhibitor, nitrapyrin, had no effect on the production of nitrate or acid in ammonia-containing cultures. When the culture pH was controlled, either by regular adjustment of the culture pH or by supplying adequate buffering capacity in the growth medium, the rate and extent of oil biodegradation were similar in NH sub(4)C1- and KNO sub(3)-containing cultures. The lag time was shorter in pH-controlled cultures supplied with ammonia than in nitrate-containing cultures. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Wrenn, BA AU - Haines, J R AU - Venosa, AD AU - Kadkhodayan, M AU - Suidan, M T AD - U.S. EPA, Risk Reduction Eng. Lab., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 279 EP - 286 VL - 13 IS - 5 SN - 0169-4146, 0169-4146 KW - crude oil KW - nitrogen sources KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - biodegradation KW - oil KW - A 01063:Utilization KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16642204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+nitrogen+source+on+crude+oil+biodegradation&rft.au=Wrenn%2C+BA%3BHaines%2C+J+R%3BVenosa%2C+AD%3BKadkhodayan%2C+M%3BSuidan%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Wrenn&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01694146&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; nitrogen sources; oil; crude oil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic: Risk assessment for California drinking water standards AN - 16641614; 3650696 AB - Six California counties contain 15 water systems with arsenic concentrations above the 50 ppb Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL). Arsenic compounds are carcinogenic in humans by oral and inhalation routes. They are also fetotoxic and teratogenic in mice, rats and hamsters and cause a variety of toxic effects in the gastro-intestinal tract, circulatory system, skin, liver, kidney, nervous system and heart. The US EPA has identified an oral human chronic No-Observable-Adverse-Effect Level (NOAEL) of 0.0008 mg/kg-d based on skin and vascular effects. In 1988 EPA estimated the human carcinogenic potency of arsenic in drinking water to be about 2 x 10 super(-3)/ mu g/kg-d with a 10 super(-6) lifetime skin cancer risk equivalent to consumption of 21/day at 20 ppt. Recently Smith et al. (1990) estimated the potency of arsenic to be 5.3 x 10 super(-3)/ mu g/kg-d based on the same human data. Also Chen et al. (1988) and Chen and Wang (1990) identified the additional tumor sites of liver, lung, bladder, kidney, nasal cavity and prostate. The lifetime risk of developing skin cancer at the 50 ppb MCL level (21/day) is about 8 in 1000. Preliminary analysis of the recent data on other tumor sites indicate comparable risks of: females - lung, 11.0; bladder, 6.7; kidney, 3.4; liver, 0.3; males - lung, 6.1, bladder, 2.2; kidney, 1.4; liver, 0.2. On the basis of a skin cancer potency of 5.3 x 10 super(-3)/ mu g/kg-d, a Recommended Public Health Level (RPHL) of 2 ppt (0.002 mu g/l) is being proposed in accordance with the provisions of the Safe Drinking Water Act of 1989. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Brown, J P AU - Fan, A M AD - Off. Environ. Health Hazard Assess. (OEHHA), California Environ. Prot. Agency (Cal/EPA), 2151 Berkeley Way, Annex 11, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 149 EP - 159 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - risks KW - risk assessment KW - carcinogenicity KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality standards KW - public health KW - drinking water KW - carcinogens KW - USA, California KW - arsenic KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16641614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Arsenic%3A+Risk+assessment+for+California+drinking+water+standards&rft.au=Brown%2C+J+P%3BFan%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Risk assessment and risk management of environmental chemicals. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; drinking water; water quality standards; public health; carcinogens; USA, California; risk assessment; carcinogenicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toward improved collaboration among local, state, and federal agencies engaged in monitoring and assessment AN - 16640470; 3645925 JF - Journal of the North American Benthological Society AU - Yoder, C O AD - Ohio EPA, Div. Surface Water, Ecol. Assess. Sect., 1685 Westbelt Dr., Columbus, OH 43228, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 391 EP - 398 VL - 13 IS - 3 SN - 0887-3593, 0887-3593 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - government policy KW - planning KW - aquatic environment KW - resource management KW - D 04801:Pollution monitoring and detection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16640470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.atitle=Toward+improved+collaboration+among+local%2C+state%2C+and+federal+agencies+engaged+in+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.au=Yoder%2C+C+O&rft.aulast=Yoder&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.issn=08873593&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - government policy; planning; aquatic environment; resource management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compensatory changes in the hippocampus following intradentate infusion of colchicine AN - 16636414; 3650424 AB - Direct infusion of colchicine into the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus kills granule cells and elicits behavioral, neurochemical and neuroanatomical changes. Colchicine-treated rats are less sensitive to the behavioral effects of cholinergic muscarinic receptor antagonists and more sensitive to cholinergic agonists. These behavioral changes are associated with time- and dose-dependent alterations in the cholinergic signal transduction mechanism. Carbachol-stimulated turnover of phosphoinositides is increased in the hippocampus of colchicine-treated rats; similar changes are not observed in the cortex or striatum of colchicine-treated animals. Intradentate colchicine produces a significant increase in choline- acetyltransferase activity and staining for acetylcholinesterase activity in the hippocampus, suggesting reactive synaptogenesis of cholinergic fibers. Other studies have shown that the integrity of the septohippocampal pathway is necessary for these colchicine-induced compensatory changes to occur. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Tandon, P AU - Barone, S Jr AU - Mundy, W R AU - Tilson, HA AD - Neurotoxicol. Div. (MD-74B), Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 513 EP - 524 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - colchicine KW - phosphoinositides KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - dentate gyrus KW - behavior KW - hippocampus KW - hydrolysis KW - X 24115:Pathology KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16636414?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Compensatory+changes+in+the+hippocampus+following+intradentate+infusion+of+colchicine&rft.au=Tandon%2C+P%3BBarone%2C+S+Jr%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BTilson%2C+HA&rft.aulast=Tandon&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hippocampus; behavior; dentate gyrus; hydrolysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment in the Environmental Protection Agency AN - 16632633; 3638777 AB - Risk assessment is the general process used to determine the potential risk of an adverse health effect occurring from exposure to an agent. It consists of a hazard identification, a dose-response evaluation, an exposure assessment and a risk characterization. At the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, risk assessments are used to estimate risks from environmental contaminants. Risk management uses the risk characterization along with such variables as economic, social, legal, technical, analytical and political factors to arrive at a regulatory level. The public is informed of regulatory actions prior to and after promulgation of the final rule through the process of risk communication. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Abernathy, C O AU - Roberts, W C AD - Hum. Risk Assess. Branch (4304), Off. Water, US EPA, 401 M St. S.W., Washington, DC 20460-0001, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 135 EP - 142 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - federal regulations KW - EPA KW - dose-response effects KW - environmental health KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SM6.3:HAZARD DETERMINATION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16632633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+in+the+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.au=Abernathy%2C+C+O%3BRoberts%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Abernathy&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; risk assessment; environmental health; public health; federal regulations; toxicity; dose-response effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New roles for long term cropland diversion AN - 16632609; 3638725 AB - In the early 1980s, articles in this Journal made ambitious claims regarding long term cropland diversion. They said that the U.S. could dramatically reduce soil erosion while avoiding annual, paid diversion programs, which cost much more. The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) now plays a central role in farm bill debates largely because it is delivering on those promises, while meeting wildlife needs, as well. Success opens up new opportunities to design effective programs based, again, on good analysis, but focusing more on wildlife and water quality benefits from crop diversions and on supporting resource management on land remaining in crop production. JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Ogg, C AU - Kuch, P AD - Agric. Policy Branch, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 438 EP - 439 VL - 49 IS - 5 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality management KW - government supports KW - cropland KW - soil conservation KW - economic aspects KW - wildlife habitats KW - soil management KW - SW 2080:Watershed protection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16632609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=New+roles+for+long+term+cropland+diversion&rft.au=Ogg%2C+C%3BKuch%2C+P&rft.aulast=Ogg&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil conservation; soil management; government supports; wildlife habitats; cropland; economic aspects; water quality management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoplankton bloom frequencies in a population of small southeastern impoundments AN - 16629756; 3665762 AB - Phytoplankton biomass is a commonly used indicator of eutrophication because it measures values or human benefits of a lake (Carlson 1977, Reckhow and Chapra 1983, EPA 1988, EPA 1990). The biomass measurement most frequently used is corrected chlorophyll a (EPA 1988, EPA 1990). It has become a surrogate of its specificity and ease of analysis; therefore, chlorophyll a has become the eutrophication criterion of choice for a few USA states. Those states use the mean or instantaneous maximum concentrations to determine standards violations. Corrected chlorophyll a data were gathered for 17 small southeastern piedmont impoundments <648 ha (<1600 a) ranging in trophic state from mesotrophic to hypereutrophic. Working with the managerial concept that water-use impacts are more directly related to frequency of blooms than to mean seasonal values, regression equations were calculated to relate bloom frequency to seasonal mean chlorophyll a concentrations. The relationship between bloom frequency (chlorophyll a greater than or equal to 30 mu g/L) and mean chlorophyll a concentration in this study was very similar to that found for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (COE) impoundments. Based on this bloom frequency analysis, literature values, and experience, a mean growing season limit of less than or equal to 15 mu g/L of chlorophyll a is recommended for small southeastern piedmont water supply impoundments. For other water uses, a mean growing season chlorophyll a concentration of <25 mu g/L is recommended to maintain a minimal aesthetic environment for viewing pleasure, safe swimming, and good fishing and boating. JF - Lake and Reservoir Management AU - Raschke, R L AD - EPA, Reg. IV, Environ. Serv. Div., Ecol. Support Branch, Athens, GA 30605-2720, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 205 EP - 210 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0743-8141, 0743-8141 KW - algal blooms KW - chlorophyll KW - chlorophylls KW - frequency KW - impoundments KW - inland water environment KW - measurement KW - pollution indicators KW - reservoirs KW - reservoirs (water) KW - trophic level KW - water quality control KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - phytoplankton KW - biomass KW - lakes KW - Freshwater KW - USA, Southeast KW - algae KW - eutrophication KW - seasonal variations KW - K 03009:Algae KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16629756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.atitle=Phytoplankton+bloom+frequencies+in+a+population+of+small+southeastern+impoundments&rft.au=Raschke%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Raschke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lake+and+Reservoir+Management&rft.issn=07438141&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inland water environment; phytoplankton; biomass; pollution indicators; lakes; frequency; algae; measurement; eutrophication; impoundments; seasonal variations; water quality control; chlorophylls; algal blooms; reservoirs; trophic level; chlorophyll; USA, Southeast; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Scoping the chemicals in your drinking water AN - 16617577; 3639448 AB - Among the more predominant chlorination DBPs are trihalomethanes (THMs), and one of these THMs - chloroform - has been linked to cancer in laboratory animals. As a result, EPA has set the maximum contaminant level for total THMs at 0.10 mg/L. Alternative disinfectants, such as chlorine dioxide and ozone, do not produce significant levels of THMs. Consequently, to comply with the THM regulations, many water utilities have switched from chlorine to alternative disinfectants, and more water utilities are expected to change their treatment processes in the future. JF - Today's Chemist at Work AU - Richardson, S D AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Athens, GA, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 29 EP - 32 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1062-094X, 1062-094X KW - trihalomethanes KW - microbial contamination KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - byproducts KW - drinking water KW - water treatment KW - chlorination KW - disinfection KW - public health KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16617577?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Today%27s+Chemist+at+Work&rft.atitle=Scoping+the+chemicals+in+your+drinking+water&rft.au=Richardson%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Today%27s+Chemist+at+Work&rft.issn=1062094X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; chlorination; disinfection; byproducts; public health; water quality; water treatment; trihalomethanes; microbial contamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meeting the goal of biological integrity in water-resource programs in the US Environmental Protection Agency AN - 16599833; 3681978 AB - Biological integrity is emerging as an important focus within the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for assessing the condition of the Nation's surface waters and documenting the success of water-resource restoration and protection. This paper traces the concept of biological integrity and its role in EPA's water resource programs and discusses the need for increased collaboration among basic and applied scientists and the government in developing scientifically sound biological measures. JF - Journal of the North American Benthological Society AU - Jackson, S AU - Davis, W AD - Off. Water, U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 592 EP - 597 VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 0887-3593, 0887-3593 KW - ecosystem analysis KW - government policy KW - biological diversity KW - government policies KW - environmental policy KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - environmental quality KW - species diversity KW - surface water KW - USA KW - water resources KW - D 04700:Management KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 4010:Techniques of planning KW - D 04300:Aquatic ecosystems - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16599833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.atitle=Meeting+the+goal+of+biological+integrity+in+water-resource+programs+in+the+US+Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.au=Jackson%2C+S%3BDavis%2C+W&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=592&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+North+American+Benthological+Society&rft.issn=08873593&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental quality; water resources; environmental policy; water quality; surface water; species diversity; USA; biological diversity; government policies; ecosystem analysis; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measuring the dispersal and reentrainment of recombinant Pseudomonas syringae at California test sites AN - 16587313; 3646260 AB - The dispersal of genetically engineered Pseudomonas syringae and Pseudomonas fluorescens was investigated during and after spray applications onto plants at Brentwood and Tulelake, Calif. Five different sampling devices were used to evaluate the dispersal within and around test plots. These included six-stage Andersen, Reynier slit, and all glass impinger samplers, gravity settling plates, and sentinel plants. Results indicated that over 99.99% of the 10 super(12) sprayed bacteria settled directly onto the soil and plants in the test plot. Nevertheless, during and immediately after the spray, 10 super(6) viable cells were detected within 15 m-30 m from the site of the spray. This is equivalent to approximately 0.05 viable cells/cm super(2) of soil. Sprayed bacteria drifted further at Tulelake compared with Brentwood, possibly due to a larger droplet size, higher initial inoculum concentrations, and a larger sprayed area. Low numbers of the released bacterial strains were also entrained into the air on days 1, 2, and 4 following the release. The spread of small numbers of microbes away from test plots during aerosol applications or by entrainment must be expected even under calm wind conditions. The five types of samplers used in these studies all had desirable attributes for monitoring microbial drift. However, due to high recovery efficiencies, low cost, and ease of use, all glass impingers and gravity-settling plates were the samplers of choice in this environmental release. JF - Microbial Releases AU - Seidler, R J AU - Walter, M V AU - Hern, S AU - Fieland, V AU - Schmedding, D AU - Lindow, SE AD - Biotechnol. Program, U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 209 EP - 216 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 0940-9653, 0940-9653 KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - environmental release KW - field trials KW - USA, California KW - Pseudomonas syringae KW - dispersal KW - W2 32060:Microorganisms KW - W2 32450:Soil microorganisms KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16587313?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Releases&rft.atitle=Measuring+the+dispersal+and+reentrainment+of+recombinant+Pseudomonas+syringae+at+California+test+sites&rft.au=Seidler%2C+R+J%3BWalter%2C+M+V%3BHern%2C+S%3BFieland%2C+V%3BSchmedding%2C+D%3BLindow%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Seidler&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Releases&rft.issn=09409653&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental release; field trials; dispersal; Pseudomonas syringae; USA, California ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment of formaldehyde AN - 16580102; 3669045 AB - In April 1987, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued the "Assessment of Health Risks of Garment Workers and Certain Home Residents from Exposure to Formaldehyde" in which formaldehyde was classified as a carcinogen and an irritant to the eyes and respiratory tract. A quantitative risk assessment for cancer was presented. A more current document, a draft released in 1991, incorporates some additional data on the epidemiology and toxicology of formaldehyde that the EPA has received since completion to the earlier assessment, and examines the impact of this information on the estimates of health risks following exposure to airborne formaldehyde. For noncancer effects, the new data support earlier conclusions with regard to the irritant effects of formaldehyde and the dose-response gradient for these effects. The cancer assessment incorporates the use of a molecular dosimeter for the derivation of risk estimates. Tissue levels of this dosimeter, a covalent cross-link product of formaldehyde and DNA-protein (DPX), are available from rats and monkeys. The risk estimates obtained with this dosimeter are considerably lower than those obtained by conventional approaches. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Hernandez, O AU - Rhomberg, L AU - Hogan, K AU - Siegel-Scott, C AU - Lai, D AU - Grindstaff, G AU - Henry, M AU - Cotruvo, JA AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Pollut. Prev. Toxics, 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 161 EP - 172 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - respiratory system KW - carcinogenicity KW - occupational exposure KW - inhalation KW - formaldehyde KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - H SE3.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16580102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+of+formaldehyde&rft.au=Hernandez%2C+O%3BRhomberg%2C+L%3BHogan%2C+K%3BSiegel-Scott%2C+C%3BLai%2C+D%3BGrindstaff%2C+G%3BHenry%2C+M%3BCotruvo%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Hernandez&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Risk assessment and risk management of environmental chemicals. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - risk assessment; formaldehyde; carcinogenicity; occupational exposure; inhalation; respiratory system; public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suggested guidelines for remediation of damage from sewage backflow into buildings AN - 15587960; 3917217 AB - Sewage backflows are serious health threats to human indoors. The purpose of this paper is to summarize what is known about health effects associated with sewage backflow into indoor environments and to make technical recommendations for safe, effective restoration. Risks to health from specific pathogens are considered, and the classes of disinfectants and their properties are discussed. The recommendations for remediation are based largely on the characteristics of the contaminated material and the length of time of the contamination.(DBO) JF - Journal of Environment and Health AU - Berry, MA AU - Bishop, J AU - Blackburn, C AU - Cole, E C AU - Ewald, W G AU - Smith, T AU - Suazo, N AU - Swan, S AD - Environ. Criteria Assessment Office, U.S. EPA (MD-52), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 9 EP - 15 VL - 57 IS - 3 SN - 0022-0892, 0022-0892 KW - sewage backflow KW - guidelines KW - risks KW - timing KW - indoor environments KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - wastewater KW - remediation KW - sewers KW - buildings KW - disinfection KW - public health KW - pathogens KW - contamination KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - H SE3.23:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15587960?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environment+and+Health&rft.atitle=Suggested+guidelines+for+remediation+of+damage+from+sewage+backflow+into+buildings&rft.au=Berry%2C+MA%3BBishop%2C+J%3BBlackburn%2C+C%3BCole%2C+E+C%3BEwald%2C+W+G%3BSmith%2C+T%3BSuazo%2C+N%3BSwan%2C+S&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=MA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environment+and+Health&rft.issn=00220892&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - remediation; wastewater; public health; pathogens; disinfection; contamination; timing; buildings; sewers; indoor environments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Problems of sulfide-bearing clays as landfill covers AN - 1400615665; 2013-052309 JF - Program and Abstracts - Annual Clay Minerals Conference AU - Fanning, Delvin S AU - Burch, Steven N AU - Kargbo, David M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 84 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Aurora, CO VL - 31 KW - United States KW - soils KW - clay KW - acids KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - landfills KW - drainage KW - pollution KW - acid sulfate soils KW - physical properties KW - New York KW - sediments KW - testing KW - pyrite KW - New Jersey KW - waste disposal KW - sulfides KW - pH KW - disposal barriers KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1400615665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Clay+Minerals+Conference&rft.atitle=Problems+of+sulfide-bearing+clays+as+landfill+covers&rft.au=Fanning%2C+Delvin+S%3BBurch%2C+Steven+N%3BKargbo%2C+David+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Fanning&rft.aufirst=Delvin&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+-+Annual+Clay+Minerals+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Clay Minerals Society, 31st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2013-07-18 N1 - CODEN - CMCPCT N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid sulfate soils; acids; clastic sediments; clay; disposal barriers; drainage; landfills; New Jersey; New York; pH; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; pyrite; regulations; sediments; soils; sulfides; testing; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Costs and benefits of current SDWA regulations AN - 13696529; 199403006 AB - Parts of a U.S. EPA report, the Chafee Report, on the costs and benefits of Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) regulations are summarized. The distribution of population served by groundwater and surface water, standards for contaminants, anticipated health benefits and costs of regulating the contaminants, national costs, household costs and monitoring costs are tabulated. Since 1896, 7 major U.S. EPA regulations had addressed 78 contaminants whose threats to health included methaemoglobinaemia, cancer, neurotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. In many cases, insufficient occurrence data were available to calculate national costs. Where these were adequate, the total was 1.4 billion U.S. dollars annually, representing 2 and 55 per cent increases in household water bills for large and small public water systems, respectively. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Auerbach, J AD - U.S. EPA, Wash., D.C. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 69 EP - 78 VL - 86 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13696529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Costs+and+benefits+of+current+SDWA+regulations&rft.au=Auerbach%2C+J&rft.aulast=Auerbach&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Cost Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - British privatization: balancing needs AN - 13695459; 199403029 AB - The role of the Office of Water Services (OFWAT) in the economic regulation of the U.K.'s privatized water services companies is described. It sought to foster competition if possible and, where this did not exist, to achieve a balance between customer protection and company financing. It limited annual price rises, having regard to the investment required, improvements in efficiency, asset values and lifetimes, and the cost of capital. The asset management plan was the key factor in price setting. A complication of the regulatory system was that the environment and drinking water quality were regulated by other bodies, the National Rivers Authority and the Drinking Water Inspectorate, respectively. Their decisions had significant implications for charges. OFWAT also monitored the quality of service the companies provided. OFWAT's general philosophy was to regulate in a transparent and open style while avoiding the pitfall of regulatory capture. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Booker, A AD - Office of Water Services (OFWAT), Birmingham Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 56 EP - 63 VL - 86 IS - 3 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Drinking water inspectorate KW - National rivers authority KW - Office of water services KW - Ofwat KW - Privatised KW - Water services companies KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13695459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=British+privatization%3A+balancing+needs&rft.au=Booker%2C+A&rft.aulast=Booker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Procedures suggested for aquifer pumping tests AN - 13686921; 199402569 AB - Practical guidance on the conduct of aquifer pumping tests, issued by the U.S. EPA, is summarized. Tests should not begin until as much as possible had been learned from maps, local well drillers' experience, and well-logging data about the geology of the well site, the hydraulic boundaries of the aquifer, and the state of development of the well under test. For reasons of economy, existing wells should, wherever possible, be used when an aquifer yield evaluation was contemplated. Requirements on-site are considered; these included a power source for the pump, a pump of known characteristics equipment to measure the discharge from the well, and adequate means of disposing of the pumped water away from the site to such a distance as to obviate the possibility of its being returned to the aquifer, thereby falsifying the pumping results. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Osborne, P S AD - U.S. EPA, Denver, Colo. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 17 EP - 19 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Equipment KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13686921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Procedures+suggested+for+aquifer+pumping+tests&rft.au=Osborne%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Osborne&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicological studies on MX, a disinfection by-product AN - 13686735; 199403193 AB - The toxicity of MX (3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone), a identified in chlorinated drinking waters and kraft pulp mill effluents, was synthesized and tested on B6C3F1 mice and Fischer-344 rats confirmed free of viral antibodies, bacteria and parasites. MX was administered by daily gavage at 8-64 mg per kg body weight for 14 d. At the end of the experiments, blood samples were taken for extensive analyses and most organs and tissues examined. Analysis of variance and non-parametric tests identified significant changes. No animals died during the tests. Rates showed decreased food and water consumption, and lower body weight gain at high MX dosage. Male mice reacted similarly to all doses. Stomach lesions were also observed in mice and liver enlargement in male rats. The lowest adverse effect level for oral exposure to MX during 14 d for rats and mice was considered to be 8 mg per kg. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Olson, G R AU - Stober, JA AU - Page, N P AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 103 EP - 111 VL - 86 IS - 3 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Analysis KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Dichloromethyl KW - Reduction KW - Viruses (-general-) (see also individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13686735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Toxicological+studies+on+MX%2C+a+disinfection+by-product&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BStober%2C+JA%3BPage%2C+N+P&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Small systems an SDWA reauthorization AN - 13685763; 199404026 AB - Key issues relevant to small water utilities in a recent U.S. EPA report on the technical and economic implications of the Safe Drinking Water Act reauthorization are discussed. Special attention is given to viability, low cost technology and financing. The compliance challenges to small systems are listed as decayed infrastructure, lack of capital, limited customer numbers, inadequate revenue, lack of economies of scale, and limited technical, managerial and financial capabilities. Restructuring into more viable units was frequently the best solution; some degree of compulsion backed by subsidies was probably necessary. Small systems needed low cost technology in the form of package plants to meet standards economically. The U.S. EPA would encourage this by designating the best available technology for small systems. Funds would be provided by state revolving funding. There are 51 references. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Shanaghan, P E AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 52 EP - 62 VL - 86 IS - 5 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13685763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Small+systems+an+SDWA+reauthorization&rft.au=Shanaghan%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Shanaghan&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of bioaccumulation of metals from contaminated sediments by the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus AN - 13682431; 199403761 AB - The bioaccumulation of several cationic metals by the worm Lumbriculus variegatus was evaluated following 30 d exposures to sediments from the lower Fox river, Wis., containing elevated concentrations of the metals. Short-term tests with benthic species had shown that cadmium, nickel, lead, zinc and copper were not bioavailable when acid volatile sulphide concentrations were sufficient to bind the metals or when concentrations of metals in the sediment pore were low. A 30 d exposure to the test sediments suggested that metal bioavailability models based on the same factors might also be valid for long-term exposures. There are 38 references. JF - Water Research AU - Ankley, G T AU - Leonard, EN AU - Mattson, V R AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1071 EP - 1076 VL - 28 IS - 5 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13682431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+bioaccumulation+of+metals+from+contaminated+sediments+by+the+oligochaete+Lumbriculus+variegatus&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BLeonard%2C+EN%3BMattson%2C+V+R&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1071&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new policy on CSOs AN - 13681458; 199404506 AB - In its National Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO) Policy, the U.S. EPA had developed a method to co-ordinate the planning, selection, design and implementation of CSO management practices and controls to meet the requirements of the Clean Water Act. The public would be involved in the decision-making process. The background to the new policy is given, together with the expectations for municipalities and permitting authorities. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Lape, J L AU - Dwyer, T J AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 54 EP - 58 VL - 6 IS - 6 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Cso KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13681458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=A+new+policy+on+CSOs&rft.au=Lape%2C+J+L%3BDwyer%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Lape&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Legislation. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inventory of constructed wetlands in the United States AN - 13680085; 199404877 AB - An inventory of constructed wetlands in the U.S.A. was undertaken by the U.S. EPA's Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory. Constructed wetlands were defined for the purpose of the study as wetlands specifically designed and built for wastewater and located at a site where natural wetlands did not exist at the time of construction. They were categorized as free-water-surface and subsurface flow types. The existence of more than 150 systems of both types is documented. Most were subsurface flow systems for the treatment of municipal wastewater. Data on design criteria were collated. Insufficient oxygen for nitrification seemed to be a recurring problem for both types of system. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Brown, D S AU - Reed, S C AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 309 EP - 318 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Hazard KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13680085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Inventory+of+constructed+wetlands+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Brown%2C+D+S%3BReed%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling chlorine residuals in drinking-water distribution systems AN - 13678764; 199405826 AB - A mass transfer based model is presented for predicting chlorine decay in distribution systems. The model assumes that first order reactions of chlorine occur in bulk flow and at the pipe wall. The overall rate of reaction at the wall was a function of the rate of mass transfer of chlorine to the wall and depended on pipe geometry and flow regime. Field observations of high chlorine decay rates in pipes of small diameter and at high flow rates could be explained using the model which was incorporated into a computer program (EPANET) which allowed dynamic water quality simulations on complex pipe networks. The model was applied to 9 locations in the South Central Connecticut Regional Water Authority's area for 53 h and gave good agreement with observed chlorine concentrations where the hydraulic conditions were fully characterized. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Rossman, LA AU - Clark, R M AU - Grayman, WM AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinatti, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 803 EP - 820 VL - 120 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Pipes (see also conduits, drains, pipelines,sewers) KW - Water authorities KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13678764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Modelling+chlorine+residuals+in+drinking-water+distribution+systems&rft.au=Rossman%2C+LA%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BGrayman%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Rossman&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=803&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alternative disinfectants for drinking water treatment AN - 13678381; 199405821 AB - The effects of chlorine, ozone, chloramine and chlorine dioxide on disinfectant by-product (DBP) formation were evaluated at a pilot plant in Jefferson Parish, La. Sand filtered water derived from the lower Mississippi river was split into 5 treatment streams, each subject to different disinfectant, and followed by GAC filtration. One stream was not disinfected. Surrogate parameters including TOC and total organic halide (TOX), 18 halogenated DBP, MS2 phage, coliforms, heterotrophs, assimilable organic carbon and mutagenicity were determined for a period of one year. The combination of preozonation and postchloramination produced the lowest concentration of DBP. Annual simulated average concentrations of TOX and total halogenated DBP in the distribution system were 27 and 12 ug per litre, respectively; these concentrations could be reduced to 13 and 7 ug per litre, respectively, by GAC filtration. No single disinfectant or combination of disinfectants was suitable for all situations. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Lykins, B W AU - Koffskey, W E AU - Patterson, K S AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 745 EP - 758 VL - 120 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13678381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Alternative+disinfectants+for+drinking+water+treatment&rft.au=Lykins%2C+B+W%3BKoffskey%2C+W+E%3BPatterson%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=120&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=745&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of FRNA coliphages in groundwater: interference with the assay by somatic salmonella bacteriophages AN - 13678061; 199405708 AB - Somatic salmonella phages, which were previously reported to interfere with the assay of surface waters for F-specific RNA (FRNA) coliphages, were also found to interfere in the assay of groundwaters. Groundwater samples from 2 sites in Alabama were assayed for FRNA coliphages using Salmonella typhimurium WG49 as the host bacterium. Numerous plaques were detected with WG49 and with an F(minus) control strain of S. typhimurium. Five isolates were plaque purified and examined by electron microscopy but none were consistent in morphology with the cubic FRNA coliphages. Host range evaluation supported classification of the isolates as salmonella phages. JF - Letters in Applied Microbiology AU - Williams, F P AU - Stetler, R E AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 79 EP - 82 VL - 19 IS - 2 SN - 0266-8254, 0266-8254 KW - Strain (biological) KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13678061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Detection+of+FRNA+coliphages+in+groundwater%3A+interference+with+the+assay+by+somatic+salmonella+bacteriophages&rft.au=Williams%2C+F+P%3BStetler%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=02668254&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of selected carboxylic acids and alcohols in groundwater by GC-MS AN - 13677945; 199405775 AB - Selected carboxylic acids and alcohols were determined in water samples using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Samples were analysed without preparation by direct injection on a DB-FFAP column. Unlike typical coatings, this allowed most carboxylic acids to pass through it. The compounds analysed included aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids, aliphatic alcohols and phenols. The instrument response was linear across 2 orders of magnitude for alcohols and over 3 orders of magnitude for carboxylic acids. A detection limit of less than 10 mg per litre was achieved for most compounds. The method was robust and easily automated. JF - Journal of Chromatographic Science AU - Beihoffer, J AU - Ferguson, C AD - U.S. EPA, Denver, Colo. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 102 EP - 106 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0021-9665, 0021-9665 KW - Analysis KW - Columns KW - Instrumentation KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13677945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.atitle=Determination+of+selected+carboxylic+acids+and+alcohols+in+groundwater+by+GC-MS&rft.au=Beihoffer%2C+J%3BFerguson%2C+C&rft.aulast=Beihoffer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=102&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Chromatographic+Science&rft.issn=00219665&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in deposition of organic matter and nutrients in the Baltic sea during the twentieth century AN - 13674407; 199405635 AB - In 1986-1990, 121 surface sediment samples and 29 core samples were collected from offshore sites in the Baltic sea. Loss on ignition in surface sediments was 16.8 per cent in the Baltic sea proper but 8.3 per cent in the Bothnian sea. Comparison with data from 1930 showed a doubling of organic matter in the top 10 cm of the sediment core. Calculations from amounts of carbon sequestered in laminated sediments suggested that carbon from primary production increased more than 5-fold during the 1980s. The erosion of uplifted old sediments played an important part in the calculation of mass balances of nutrients in the Baltic Sea but increased sedimentation might affect the response of the ecosystem to further nutrient changes. There are 43 references. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Jonsson, P AU - Carman, R AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Solna Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 417 EP - 426 VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13674407?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Changes+in+deposition+of+organic+matter+and+nutrients+in+the+Baltic+sea+during+the+twentieth+century&rft.au=Jonsson%2C+P%3BCarman%2C+R&rft.aulast=Jonsson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Point-of-use/point-of-entry treatment of drinking water AN - 13666455; 199500244 AB - Point-of-use/point-of-entry (POU/POE) devices for controlling contaminants in drinking water are discussed. Granular activated carbon (GAC), membranes, ion exchange, distillation, aeration and disinfection could feature in such units. GAC-based devices were tested on a groundwater containing trace organic compounds of agricultural origin and another water contaminated with trichloroethylene. The effectiveness of the units varied in the volumes of water they treated before exhaustion. Most met their specification. The use of POU/POE was feasible for a water utility with many small sources and no centralized treatment facilities supplying 25 or fewer households in any group. JF - Water Supply AU - Lykins, B W AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Clark, R M AU - Harrison, J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 4 EP - 1-4-5 VL - 12 IS - 1/2 SN - 0735-1917, 0735-1917 KW - Equipment KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13666455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Supply&rft.atitle=Point-of-use%2Fpoint-of-entry+treatment+of+drinking+water&rft.au=Lykins%2C+B+W%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BClark%2C+R+M%3BHarrison%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1%2F2&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Supply&rft.issn=07351917&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCBs and other chlorinated organic contaminants in tissues of juvenile Kemp's ridley turtles (Lepidochelys kempi) AN - 13658526; 199501677 AB - Sea turtles (Lepidochelys kempi) killed by seasonal low temperature, were collected from the eastern shores of Long Island between 1980 and 1989 and concentrations measured of PCB and chlorinated pesticides in liver and body fat. PCB concentrations varied between 655 ng per g in 1980 to 272 ng per g in 1989 in liver samples, and 1250 ng per g in 1980 to 476 ng per g in 1989 in body fat. Average liver concentrations were 4 to 10 times higher than in livers of other sea turtles. The highest PCB concentration found was 20 times less than that causing reproductive effects in the freshwater turtle Chelydra serpentina. Average annual concentrations of p,p'-DDE and trans-nonachlor were 137 to 386 ng per g and 27.5 to 129 ng per g. Concentrations of PCB, p,p'-DDE and trans-nonachlor were strongly correlated and suggested that either tissue could be used to monitor the contaminants. JF - Marine Environmental Research AU - Lake, J L AU - Haebler, R AU - Mckinney, R AU - Lake, CA AU - Sadove, S S AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 313 EP - 327 VL - 38 IS - 4 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - Trans -- (see also without prefix) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13658526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=PCBs+and+other+chlorinated+organic+contaminants+in+tissues+of+juvenile+Kemp%27s+ridley+turtles+%28Lepidochelys+kempi%29&rft.au=Lake%2C+J+L%3BHaebler%2C+R%3BMckinney%2C+R%3BLake%2C+CA%3BSadove%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatile organic analysis by direct aqueous injection AN - 13658223; 199501730 AB - Direct aqueous injection (DAI) analysis with gas chromatographic separation was studied for 24 volatile organic compounds (VOC). Aqueous samples were directly introduced to a gas chromatograph using fused-silica, mega-bore capillary column separation with subsequent full-scan ion trap mass spectrometric (MS) detection. Internal standardization was used to determine the precision of analysing the 24 VOC by DAI. Comparisons of single-ion response curves to triple-ion response curves showed that triple-ion quantitation was more sensitive and precise than single-ion quantitation. Of the 24 VOC determined at the 20 ppb level, 19 and 20 were detected by the single-ion and triple-ion calibration, respectively. Regression correlation coefficients for the 24 response curves by the 2 methods ranged from 0.910 to 0.998. Precision, measured by per cent relative standard deviation, was best for later eluting compounds and for higher concentrations. Analysis of an environmental sample by DAI was accomplished in 12 minutes and indicated the presence of benzene (80 ppb) and chlorobenzene (2 ppm). This technique was seen as a feasible option for screening for VOC and as having the potential for expansion to include higher boiling compounds. JF - Talanta AU - Pyle, S M AU - Gurka, D F AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nevo. Y1 - 1994 PY - 1994 DA - 1994 SP - 1845 EP - 1852 VL - 41 IS - 11 SN - 0039-9140, 0039-9140 KW - Analysis KW - Dai KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13658223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talanta&rft.atitle=Volatile+organic+analysis+by+direct+aqueous+injection&rft.au=Pyle%2C+S+M%3BGurka%2C+D+F&rft.aulast=Pyle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1845&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Talanta&rft.issn=00399140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER -