TY - JOUR T1 - Developments in the application of impact assessment methodologies for pollution prevention. AN - 79527902; 9433668 AB - Pollution prevention requires the assessment of various multimedia environmental impacts to ensure that the alternative selected most closely represents the environmental goals and priorities of the facility. While some facility's environmental policies are easy to assess (e.g., reduce TRI emissions), others require a more sophisticated assessment methodology (e.g., select the most environmentally-friendly manufacturing process). Chemical environmental impact assessment for pollution prevention can be very effective, but can only provide a scientifically defensible decision point if the methodologies, analytical tools, and data quality are consistent with the environmental goals and priorities expressed. In many assessments completed in the past, the assessment methodologies have been overly simplistic when compared to the environmental goals projected. More sophisticated chemical impact assessment methodologies have not been used in the past for a variety of reasons, including: poor study design, poor data quality, inadequate funding, inadequate computer systems and databases, and practitioner's lack of understanding. This paper will describe a broad range of assessment methodologies, the steps involved in various evaluations, various resources available to conduct pollution prevention impact assessments, and on-going methodology development. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Bare, J C AU - Cicmanec, J AU - Cabezas, H AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 411 EP - 417 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecology KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Industry KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Exposure -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79527902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Developments+in+the+application+of+impact+assessment+methodologies+for+pollution+prevention.&rft.au=Bare%2C+J+C%3BCicmanec%2C+J%3BCabezas%2C+H&rft.aulast=Bare&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=411&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-02-18 N1 - Date created - 1998-02-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of health risks due to hazardous air pollutant emissions from electric utilities. AN - 79527859; 9433665 AB - Hazardous air pollutant (HAP) emissions from electric utilities were evaluated. Cancer risks, as well as noncancer effects, due to inhalation exposure were assessed for 67 HAPs. Also, cancer risks due to multipathway exposure to radionuclide emissions were assessed. In addition, an assessment of the fate of mercury (Hg) through various environmental media was included. Results suggest arsenic, chromium, and nickel are the HAPs that present the highest cancer risk due to inhalation exposure. For noncancer effects due to inhalation exposure, hydrogen chloride appears to present the greatest potential concern. The risks due to multipathway exposure to radionuclides are estimated to be of similar magnitude to the risks posed by inhalation of arsenic and nickel. Mercury is of potential concern for multipathway exposures because it persists in the environmental and bioaccumulates in the aquatic food web. The study suggests there is a plausible link between Hg emissions from utilities and the Hg found in soil, water, and freshwater fish. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - French, C AU - Peters, W AU - Maxwell, B AU - Rice, G AU - Colli, A AU - Bullock, R AU - Cole, J AU - Heath, E AU - Turner, J AU - Hetes, B AU - Brown, D C AU - Goldin, D AU - Behling, H AU - Loomis, D AU - Nelson, C AD - U.S. EPA, RTP, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 375 EP - 386 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Coal KW - Radioisotopes KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Arsenic -- adverse effects KW - Radioisotopes -- adverse effects KW - Mercury -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Inhalation Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Carcinogens -- adverse effects KW - Power Plants KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79527859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+health+risks+due+to+hazardous+air+pollutant+emissions+from+electric+utilities.&rft.au=French%2C+C%3BPeters%2C+W%3BMaxwell%2C+B%3BRice%2C+G%3BColli%2C+A%3BBullock%2C+R%3BCole%2C+J%3BHeath%2C+E%3BTurner%2C+J%3BHetes%2C+B%3BBrown%2C+D+C%3BGoldin%2C+D%3BBehling%2C+H%3BLoomis%2C+D%3BNelson%2C+C&rft.aulast=French&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=375&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-02-18 N1 - Date created - 1998-02-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in EPA's indirect exposure modeling methodology. AN - 79525011; 9433664 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency's National Center for Environmental Assessment is currently revising and updating its approach to modeling the health risks from indirect exposure to combustor emissions. The updated method is intended to provide the necessary tools for estimating these health risks and to provide the necessary algorithms for the calculation of contaminant concentrations in water bodies, soil, and the terrestrial and aquatic food chains resulting from the deposition and transfer of atmospheric pollutants. Significant additions to the approach include the expansion of the application of exposure methods at a site, the description of procedures for defining the study population at a site, and ways to develop distributions of individual risk for members of the study population. This paper focuses on the changes in the human exposure scenarios of the update method and presents an overview of the development of an exposure scenario. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Schock, S C AU - Brady-Roberts, E G AU - Odin, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 369 EP - 374 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Models, Theoretical KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79525011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Advances+in+EPA%27s+indirect+exposure+modeling+methodology.&rft.au=Schock%2C+S+C%3BBrady-Roberts%2C+E+G%3BOdin%2C+M&rft.aulast=Schock&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-02-18 N1 - Date created - 1998-02-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of 4-nonylphenol in a life-cycle test with the midge Chironomus tentans. AN - 79501919; 9417858 AB - A life-cycle test with the macroinvertebrate Chironomus tentans was conducted with 4-nonylphenol. The chironomids were exposed to a series of concentrations of 4-nonylphenol via the water, in an intermittent (2 times/day) water renewal system. The test included evaluation of a number of developmental (e.g., growth) and reproductive (e.g., emergence, fecundity, viability) endpoints through parental and into F1 generations. Reductions in survival were observed in 20-day-old larvae at the highest test concentration, which corresponded to no-observable- and lowest-observable-effect concentrations of 42 and 91 microg/liter, respectively. No significant effects on larval growth (20 days), organism survival past 20 days, emergence success or pattern, sex ratio, fecundity, or egg viability were observed at any treatment level. Qualitative observations indicated an increase in deformed egg masses at the highest test concentrations; however, the biological significance of this is uncertain. Copyright 1997 Academic Press. JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - Kahl, M D AU - Makynen, E A AU - Kosian, P A AU - Ankley, G T AD - Mid-Continent Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 155 EP - 160 VL - 38 IS - 2 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Phenols KW - 0 KW - 4-nonylphenol KW - I03GBV4WEL KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Ovum -- drug effects KW - Survival Analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Chironomidae -- growth & development KW - Chironomidae -- drug effects KW - Chironomidae -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79501919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+4-nonylphenol+in+a+life-cycle+test+with+the+midge+Chironomus+tentans.&rft.au=Kahl%2C+M+D%3BMakynen%2C+E+A%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Kahl&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-02-06 N1 - Date created - 1998-02-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of the mutagenicity of dichloroacetic acid in lacI transgenic B6C3F1 mouse liver. AN - 79441500; 9395208 AB - Dichloroacetic acid (DCA) is a chlorination byproduct found in finished drinking water. When administered in drinking water this chemical has been shown to produce hepatocellular adenomas and carcinomas in B6C3F1 mice over the animal's lifetime. In this study, we investigated whether mutant frequencies were increased in mouse liver using treatment protocols that yielded significant tumor induction. DCA was administered continuously at either 1.0 or 3.5 g/l in drinking water to male transgenic B6C3F1 mice harboring the bacterial lacI gene. Groups of five or six animals were killed at 4, 10 or 60 weeks and livers removed. At both 4 and 10 weeks of treatment, there was no significant difference in mutant frequency between the treated and control animals at either dose level. At 60 weeks, mice treated with 1.0 g/l DCA showed a 1.3-fold increase in mutant frequency over concurrent controls (P = 0.05). Mice treated with 3.5 g/l DCA for 60 weeks had a 2.3-fold increase in mutant frequency over the concurrent controls (P = 0.002). The mutation spectrum recovered from mice treated with 3.5 g/l DCA for 60 weeks contained G:C-->A:T transitions (32.79%) and G:C-->T:A transversions (21.31%). In contrast, G:C-->A:T transitions comprised 53.19% of the recovered mutants among control animals. Although only 19.15% of mutations among the controls were at T:A sites, 32.79% of the mutations from DCA-treated animals were at T:A sites. This is consistent with the previous observation that the proportion of mutations at T:A sites in codon 61 of the H-ras gene was increased in DCA-induced liver tumors in B6C3F1 mice. The present study demonstrates DCA-associated mutagenicity in the mouse liver under conditions in which DCA produces hepatic tumors. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Leavitt, S A AU - DeAngelo, A B AU - George, M H AU - Ross, J A AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 2101 EP - 2106 VL - 18 IS - 11 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - Lac Repressors KW - Mutagens KW - Repressor Proteins KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - Male KW - Female KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Repressor Proteins -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79441500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.atitle=Surficial+extent+and+conceptual+model+of+hydrothermal+system+at+Mount+Rainier%2C+Washington&rft.au=Frank%2C+David&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.issn=03770273&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0377-0273%2894%2900081-Q LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-30 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epithelial injury induced by exposure to residual oil fly-ash particles: role of reactive oxygen species? AN - 79421986; 9374114 AB - Exposure of animals to airborne particulates is associated with pulmonary injury and inflammation. In the studies described here, primary cultures of rat tracheal epithelial (RTE) cells were exposed to suspensions of residual oil fly ash (ROFA). ROFA exposure resulted in progressive cytotoxicity whereby the amount of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) released was significantly greater at 24 h than at 6 h after exposure. In a dose-dependent manner, exposure to 5, 10, or 20 microg/cm2 of ROFA for 24 h resulted in cytotoxicity and detachment of cells from the collagen matrix, along with altered permeability of the RTE cell layer. ROFA exposure caused cellular glutathione levels to decrease, producing a condition of oxidative stress in the RTE cells. Treatment of RTE cells with buthionine sulfoxamine, an inhibitor of gamma-glutamyl cysteine synthetase, was found to augment ROFA-induced cytotoxicity. Treatment with dimethylthiourea (DMTU) inhibited ROFA-induced LDH release and permeability changes in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor NG-monomethyl-D-arginine (D-NMA) for 24 h was without effect. In rats intratracheally instilled with ROFA (500 microg/rat), intraperitoneal administration of DMTU (500 mg/kg) significantly ameliorated the degree of pulmonary neutrophilic inflammation present at 24 h. Overall, these in vitro findings suggest that ROFA-induced RTE cell injury may be mediated by hydroxyl-radical-like reactive oxygen species (i.e., species scavenged by DMTU) that are generated via non-nitric oxide pathways. The delay in induction of maximal RTE cell injury may reflect the time necessary to produce an oxidative burden by depleting antioxidant defenses such as cellular glutathione. JF - American journal of respiratory cell and molecular biology AU - Dye, J A AU - Adler, K B AU - Richards, J H AU - Dreher, K L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 625 EP - 633 VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 1044-1549, 1044-1549 KW - Reactive Oxygen Species KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Oxidative Stress KW - Cell Line KW - Industrial Oils -- toxicity KW - Epithelial Cells -- metabolism KW - Air Pollution KW - Reactive Oxygen Species -- metabolism KW - Epithelial Cells -- drug effects KW - Epithelial Cells -- pathology KW - Trachea -- pathology KW - Trachea -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79421986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hebei+Dizhi+Xueyuan+Xuebao+%3D+Journal+of+Hebei+College+of+Geology&rft.atitle=A+discussion+on+the+stage+of+lixiviation+and+the+formation+mechanism+of+the+chemical+composition+of+ground+water+in+the+Chongli+mountainous+area&rft.au=Yu%2C+Kaining%3BJiang%2C+Dayou&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Kaining&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hebei+Dizhi+Xueyuan+Xuebao+%3D+Journal+of+Hebei+College+of+Geology&rft.issn=10019707&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-09 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A spatially distributed energy balance snowmelt model for application in mountain basins AN - 762676453; 2010-091120 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Marks, Danny AU - Domingo, James AU - Susong, David AU - Garen, David AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 210 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - moisture KW - simulation KW - energy balance KW - spatial distribution KW - mountains KW - Western U.S. KW - mass balance KW - snow KW - drainage basins KW - water resources KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/762676453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=A+spatially+distributed+energy+balance+snowmelt+model+for+application+in+mountain+basins&rft.au=Marks%2C+Danny%3BDomingo%2C+James%3BSusong%2C+David%3BGaren%2C+David%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Marks&rft.aufirst=Danny&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drainage basins; energy balance; mass balance; meltwater; moisture; mountains; simulation; snow; spatial distribution; United States; water resources; Western U.S. ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in sediments and biota from four US Arctic lakes AN - 52620533; 1998-016615 JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Allen-Gil, S M AU - Gubala, C P AU - Wilson, R AU - Landers, D H AU - Wade, T L AU - Sericano, J L AU - Curtis, L R Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 378 EP - 387 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg-Berlin VL - 33 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - PCBs KW - bioavailability KW - bioaccumulation KW - Pisces KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - Chordata KW - pollutants KW - Arctic region KW - Porcupine River KW - pollution KW - biota KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - Koyukut River KW - Northern Alaska KW - lacustrine environment KW - Alaska KW - Brooks Range KW - Vertebrata KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52620533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Organochlorine+pesticides+and+polychlorinated+biphenyls+%28PCBs%29+in+sediments+and+biota+from+four+US+Arctic+lakes&rft.au=Allen-Gil%2C+S+M%3BGubala%2C+C+P%3BWilson%2C+R%3BLanders%2C+D+H%3BWade%2C+T+L%3BSericano%2C+J+L%3BCurtis%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Allen-Gil&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=378&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(4rb2jbyxcwtb1he1c13ybdmm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100119,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AECTCV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; Arctic region; bioaccumulation; bioavailability; biota; Brooks Range; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Chordata; concentration; detection; halogenated hydrocarbons; Koyukut River; lacustrine environment; Northern Alaska; organic compounds; PCBs; pesticides; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; Porcupine River; sediments; United States; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desertification evaluated using an integrated environmental assessment model AN - 52480768; 1999-037725 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Mouat, D AU - Lancaster, J AU - Wade, T AU - Wickham, J AU - Fox, C AU - Kepner, W AU - Ball, T Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - November 1997 SP - 139 EP - 156 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 48 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - United States KW - climatic controls KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - geologic hazards KW - semi-arid environment KW - desertification KW - New Mexico KW - climate change KW - drought KW - geographic information systems KW - ecology KW - basin management KW - monitoring KW - Colorado Plateau KW - indicators KW - models KW - planning KW - erosion control KW - Arizona KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - information systems KW - Utah KW - Colorado KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52480768?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Desertification+evaluated+using+an+integrated+environmental+assessment+model&rft.au=Mouat%2C+D%3BLancaster%2C+J%3BWade%2C+T%3BWickham%2C+J%3BFox%2C+C%3BKepner%2C+W%3BBall%2C+T&rft.aulast=Mouat&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arizona; basin management; climate change; climatic controls; Colorado; Colorado Plateau; degradation; desertification; drought; ecology; erosion control; geographic information systems; geologic hazards; indicators; information systems; land use; models; monitoring; New Mexico; planning; risk assessment; semi-arid environment; soil management; terrestrial environment; theoretical models; United States; Utah ER - TY - CONF T1 - Trichloroethylene health risk assessment: A new and improved process AN - 17272889; 4570567 AB - Trichloroethylene (TCE), an environmental contaminant of National concern, is the focus of a new health risk assessment process incorporating the Proposed Cancer Risk Assessment Guidelines. This paper describes not only how TCE became an environmental problem for the Air Force, but also details the new Risk Assessment process envisioned by the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA). Insights on epidemiological evaluations, both past and future, and their impact on the cancer classification of TCE are discussed. Examples of how physiologically based pharmacokinetics and dose-response characterization described in the new Cancer Guidelines are applied to TCE are provided. In addition, a variety of modeling techniques are discussed for the development of reference doses (oral exposure) and reference concentrations (inhalation exposures) for TCE. Finally, the role of risk communication is included. This new process provides an example of how interagency (EPA, Department of Defense, Department of Energy) and extramural (industry, academia) partnerships can provide greater gains to the nation, as a whole, than any of the parts on their own. JF - Drug and Chemical Toxicology AU - Maull, E A AU - Cogliano, V J AU - Scott, C S AU - Barton, HA AU - Fisher, J W AU - Greenberg, M AU - Rhomberg, L AU - Sorgen, S P Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 426 EP - 442 PB - Marcel Dekker Journals, 270 Madison Ave. New York NY 10016-0602 USA VL - 20 IS - 4 KW - EPA KW - USA, Defense Department KW - USA, Energy Department KW - USA, Environmental Protection Agency KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Reviews KW - Trichloroethylene KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17272889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Trichloroethylene+health+risk+assessment%3A+A+new+and+improved+process&rft.au=Maull%2C+E+A%3BCogliano%2C+V+J%3BScott%2C+C+S%3BBarton%2C+HA%3BFisher%2C+J+W%3BGreenberg%2C+M%3BRhomberg%2C+L%3BSorgen%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Maull&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dichloroacetic acid reduces Ha-ras codon 61 mutations in liver tumors from female B6C3F1 mice AN - 16370861; 4287509 AB - Dichloroacetic acid (DCA), a disinfection by-product of chlorination found in drinking water, is a hepatocarcinogenic in the B6C3F1 mouse. Previous studies have shown that DCA does not significantly alter the incidence of Ha-ras codon 61 mutations in male mouse liver carcinomas from that observed in spontaneous tumors ( similar to 50% have Ha-ras mutations) but it alters the proportions of mutations that occur in Ha-ras codon 61. Twenty-two tumors were produced in female B6C3F1 mice after treatment with 3.5 g DCA per liter of drinking water over a period of 104 weeks. To detect potential Ha-ras mutations in the liver tumor tissue of female B6C3F1 mice, genomic DNA was isolated from tumors that had been frozen. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) was used to screen tumor DNA for mutations in Ha-ras exon 2. In DNA from liver tumors in female B6C3F1 mice induced by DCA-treatment we found only one mutation in exon 2 among the 22 tumors analyzed (4.5%). Direct-sequencing of exon 2 revealed a CAA to CTA transversion in Ha-ras codon 61. The result of this study indicates that tumor formation in DCA-treated female B6C3F1 mice is, therefore, not associated with a mutationally activated Ha-ras codon 61. This result differs from previous results obtained in male B6C3F1 mice. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Schroeder, M AU - DeAngelo, AB AU - Mass, MJ AD - Biochemistry and Pathobiology Branch, MD-68, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, NHEERL, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1675 EP - 1678 VL - 18 IS - 11 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Dichloroacetic acid KW - H-ras gene KW - Ha-ras gene KW - dichloroacetic acid KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts; Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - B 26130:Ras and Ras related oncogenes (Rho/Rac/Ral) KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16370861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Dichloroacetic+acid+reduces+Ha-ras+codon+61+mutations+in+liver+tumors+from+female+B6C3F1+mice&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+M%3BDeAngelo%2C+AB%3BMass%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1675&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Information needs for risk assessment in EPA's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics AN - 16345009; 4308938 AB - The information needs of the Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT; a part of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency) are broad. We prefer to have all relevant data about an industrial chemical before risk assessment. This information includes physical /chemical properties, fate and transport in the environment, and environmental toxicity. However, OPPT's needs are constrained by the Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 (TSCA), since TSCA does not require any testing of new chemicals prior to notification. While TSCA has broad information-gathering power, OPPT has to justify the need for the data and has to define the type of information needed generally by writing test protocols. When risk assessments have to be done in the absence of measured data for a chemical substance, then OPPT uses structure-activity relationships (SAR) to fill in data gaps. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Nabholz, J V AU - Clements, R G AU - Zeeman, M G AD - Environmental Effects Branch, Health and Environmental Review Division, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street, S.W., Washington, D.C. 20460-0001 USA Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1094 EP - 1098 VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - USA KW - pollution legislation KW - risk assessment KW - toxicity testing KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - D 04800:Pollution studies - general KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16345009?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Information+needs+for+risk+assessment+in+EPA%27s+Office+of+Pollution+Prevention+and+Toxics&rft.au=Nabholz%2C+J+V%3BClements%2C+R+G%3BZeeman%2C+M+G&rft.aulast=Nabholz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1094&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of breast milk to assess exposure to chlorinated contaminants in Kazakstan: PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in southern Kazakstan AN - 16329367; 4268958 AB - Organochlorine pesticides (OC) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in samples of breast milk taken from 92 donors representative of regional populations in southern Kazakstan. The World Health Organization protocol for assessing levels of chlorinated contaminants in breast milk was followed. The most prevalent OC residues were beta -hexachlorocyclohexane ( beta -HCH), p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, hexachlorobenzene, and alpha -HCH. The measured levels of beta -HCH were among the highest reported in the published literature. Data from Aralsk, near the Aral Sea, indicated continuing DDT exposure. Overall PCB-toxic equivalent levels (22 pg/g fat) were similar to those reported in industrialized European countries. PCBs were highest in Atyrau in the Caspian oilfields. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hooper, K AU - Petreas, M X AU - She, Jianwen AU - Visita, P AU - Winkler, J AU - McKinney, M AU - Mok, M AU - Sy, F AU - Garcha, J AU - Gill, M AU - Stephens, R D AU - Semenova, G AU - Sharmanov, T AU - Chuvakova, T AD - Department of Toxic Substances Control, California EPA, Hazardous Materials Laboratory, 2151 Berkeley Way, Berkeley, CA 94704-1011, USA Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 1250 EP - 1254 VL - 105 IS - 11 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Kazakstan KW - man KW - organochlorine compounds KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - H 4000:Food and Drugs KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16329367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+breast+milk+to+assess+exposure+to+chlorinated+contaminants+in+Kazakstan%3A+PCBs+and+organochlorine+pesticides+in+southern+Kazakstan&rft.au=Hooper%2C+K%3BPetreas%2C+M+X%3BShe%2C+Jianwen%3BVisita%2C+P%3BWinkler%2C+J%3BMcKinney%2C+M%3BMok%2C+M%3BSy%2C+F%3BGarcha%2C+J%3BGill%2C+M%3BStephens%2C+R+D%3BSemenova%2C+G%3BSharmanov%2C+T%3BChuvakova%2C+T&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1250&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does the semi-continuous activated sludge (SCAS) test predict removal in secondary treatment? AN - 16325004; 4249496 AB - The semi-continuous activated sludge (SCAS) test was formalized by the U.S. Soap and Detergent Association in 1965. The SCAS procedure has also been adopted by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) as a test for inherent biodegradability and by the U.S. EPA as a test guideline (40 CFR 835.3120) under the Toxic Substances Control Act. To investigate whether the SCAS test may be used to predict removal in full-scale activated sludge treatment systems, we first collected all available SCAS data for organic chemicals, and then retrieved data from full-, pilot- or bench-scale continuous-feed activated sludge (CAS) studies for the chemicals that had SCAS data. The intersected file was subjected to statistical analysis. Conclusions were as follows: (i) SCAS data were strongly clustered at high (> 90 %) removal; (ii) for SCAS removal > 90 %, it is probable that removal in the field will be > 50 %; (iii) however, for SCAS removal < 90% adequate treatability cannot be predicted with confidence. JF - CHEMOSPHERE AU - Boethling, R S AU - Howard, PhH AU - Stiteler, W AU - Hueber, A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (7406), 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460 USA Y1 - 1997/11// PY - 1997 DA - Nov 1997 SP - 2119 EP - 2130 VL - 35 IS - 10 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16325004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CHEMOSPHERE&rft.atitle=Does+the+semi-continuous+activated+sludge+%28SCAS%29+test+predict+removal+in+secondary+treatment%3F&rft.au=Boethling%2C+R+S%3BHoward%2C+PhH%3BStiteler%2C+W%3BHueber%2C+A&rft.aulast=Boethling&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-11-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CHEMOSPHERE&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of method detection limits in environmental measurements. AN - 79614624; 9670240 AB - Environmental measurements often produce values below the method detection limit (MDL). Because low or zero values may be used in determining compliance with regulatory limits, in determining emission factors (typical concentrations emitted by a given type of source), or in modeling efforts, there is considerable interest in methods for determining detection limits and in procedures for using MDLs in summary statistics. Selection of methods for determining detection limits and treatment of MDL data should depend on the end-use of the data. The MDL should be determined in the environmental matrix that contains the analyte of interest. Treatment of missing values (values below the MDL) should be specified before the initiation of a measurement effort. When calculating a mean value for a source or area, one approach is to set the missing values at the MDL. This approach is appropriate when there are significant risks associated with incorrectly assuming a low level of a toxic compound; this method of summarizing data introduces a positive bias. Missing values may be assumed to equal zero if there is not a high risk of overlooking a hazard; this method produces a negative bias. However, if enough measurement data are available and the distribution of these data can be established then look-up tables can be used to estimate missing values, using statistically based estimates, without introducing high or low biases in a calculated mean. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Adams, N H AD - Technical Services Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. adams.nancy@epamail.epa.gov PY - 1997 SP - 257 EP - 264 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Toxicology -- methods KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79614624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=The+use+of+method+detection+limits+in+environmental+measurements.&rft.au=Adams%2C+N+H&rft.aulast=Adams&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-10-08 N1 - Date created - 1998-10-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid using a fluorescence immunoanalyzer. AN - 79553572; 9463964 AB - A flow immunoassay method for the measurement of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) was developed. The competitive fluorescence immunoassay relies on the use of antibody- or antigen-coated poly(methyl methacrylate) particles (98 microns diameter) as a renewable solid phase. The assay exhibits a dynamic range of 0.1-100 micrograms l-1 using a monoclonal antibody or alternatively 10 micrograms l-1 to 10 mg l-1 using commercially available antiserum. The assay is demonstrated in buffered saline solution as well as in aquatic environmental media. The relative errors for the environmental matrices were similar to those for the buffer control. The precision of concentration values calculated at 1 mg l-1 (for the assay using antiserum) were +/- 0.28, +/- 0.27 and +/- 0.43 mg l-1 for the buffer, well water and river water matrices, respectively. The method shows cross-reactivity with compounds of closely related structure but little cross-reactivity with compounds dissimilar in structure to 2,4-D. The proposed automated competitive immunoassay method is rapid (between 7 and 15 min per assay), simple and potentially portable. JF - The Analyst AU - Rogers, K R AU - Kohl, S D AU - Riddick, L A AU - Glass, T AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA. Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 1107 EP - 1111 VL - 122 IS - 10 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid KW - 2577AQ9262 KW - Index Medicus KW - Cross Reactions KW - Fluoroimmunoassay -- methods KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Herbicides -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79553572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Analyst&rft.atitle=Detection+of+2%2C4-dichlorophenoxyacetic+acid+using+a+fluorescence+immunoanalyzer.&rft.au=Rogers%2C+K+R%3BKohl%2C+S+D%3BRiddick%2C+L+A%3BGlass%2C+T&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Analyst&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-03-09 N1 - Date created - 1998-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation of arsenic animal feed additives by microbore high-performance liquid chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. AN - 79553397; 9463956 AB - Phenylarsonic compounds have been used as poultry and swine feed additives for the purpose of growth promotion and disease prevention. Owing to the lack of suitable analytical methods, however, knowledge of their metabolism, environmental fate and impact remains incomplete. In order to compensate for this, analytical procedures were developed that allow the speciation of arsenic animal feed additives by using microbore high-performance liquid chromatography (microHPLC) coupled on-line with ICP-MS. More specifically, reversed-phase (RP) chromatographic methods were optimised to achieve the separation of various phenylarsonic acids from each other and from the more toxic inorganic arsenic compounds. This mode of chromatography, however, exhibits limitations, especially in the presence of naturally occurring organoarsenic compounds. The application of RP ion-pairing chromatography eliminates such shortcomings by minimising the co-elution of arsenic species. In general, the microHPLC-ICP-MS methods developed in this study provide high selectivity, extremely good sensitivity, low limits of detection (low-ppb or sub-pg amounts of As), require small sample volumes (< 1 microliter), minimise waste and operate most efficiently under low mobile-phase flow rates (15-40 microliters min-1), which are compatible for use with other types of mass spectrometers, e.g., electrospray. Reference materials containing naturally occurring arsenic compounds were spiked with phenylarsonic compounds and then analysed by using the procedures developed in this study. JF - The Analyst AU - Pergantis, S A AU - Heithmar, E M AU - Hinners, T A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA. Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 1063 EP - 1068 VL - 122 IS - 10 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Arsenicals KW - 0 KW - Food Additives KW - Index Medicus KW - Mass Spectrometry KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid -- methods KW - Arsenicals -- analysis KW - Animal Feed -- analysis KW - Food Additives -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79553397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Analyst&rft.atitle=Speciation+of+arsenic+animal+feed+additives+by+microbore+high-performance+liquid+chromatography+with+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Pergantis%2C+S+A%3BHeithmar%2C+E+M%3BHinners%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Pergantis&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1063&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Analyst&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-03-09 N1 - Date created - 1998-03-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critical period of carbon tetrachloride-induced pregnancy loss in Fischer-344 rats, with insights into the detection of resorption sites by ammonium sulfide staining. AN - 79483239; 9408976 AB - Several low-molecular weight halocarbons have been shown to cause full-litter resorption (FLR), i.e., pregnancy loss, in Fischer-344 rats treated during organogenesis. To determine periods of gestation sensitive to acute exposure, a single dose of 150 mg carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)/kg was administered on gestation day (GD) 6, 7, 8, 10, or 12. Fetuses were delivered by cesarean section on GD 20. Non-gravid uteri were examined for resorption sites, placed in 10% ammonium sulfide, and re-examined for stained resorption sites approximately 1 and 4.5 hr later. FLR was seen in 4% (1/27) of control dams and 36% (4/11), 54% (7/13), 72% (18/25), 54% (7/13), and 0% (0/12) of dams treated on GD 6, 7, 8, 10, and 12, respectively. Ammonium sulfide staining clearly yielded a more accurate account of the incidence of FLR. The technique was most effective when the staining period was extended to 4.5 hr, as two cases of FLR were revealed that had been undetected after 1 hr of staining. For dams with FLR, staining was required to detect resorption sites in all dams treated on GD 6 or 7, most dams treated on GD 8, and one dam treated on GD 10. Fewer implantation sites were detected in the dams treated on GD 6, and the size of the stained resorption sites increased as the day of treatment was delayed. These findings demonstrate a relationship between the time of toxicant exposure and the size and detectability of resorption sites near term, suggesting that the size of the resorption site may reliably reflect the time of embryonic death. Treatment on GD 8 caused the highest incidence of FLR and will be used in subsequent mechanistic research. JF - Teratology AU - Narotsky, M G AU - Brownie, C F AU - Kavlock, R J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. narotsky.michael@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 252 EP - 261 VL - 56 IS - 4 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Sulfides KW - 0 KW - ammonium sulfide KW - 2H0Q32TDFZ KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Litter Size -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Gestational Age KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryo Loss -- chemically induced KW - Embryo Loss -- pathology KW - Staining and Labeling -- methods KW - Pregnancy, Animal -- drug effects KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79483239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Critical+period+of+carbon+tetrachloride-induced+pregnancy+loss+in+Fischer-344+rats%2C+with+insights+into+the+detection+of+resorption+sites+by+ammonium+sulfide+staining.&rft.au=Narotsky%2C+M+G%3BBrownie%2C+C+F%3BKavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Narotsky&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=252&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-01-15 N1 - Date created - 1998-01-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk characterization: A bridge to informed decision making. AN - 79362898; 9344620 AB - Regulatory decisions should be made in the most expert and informed way since they are precipitated by real and perceived threats to human health, under the glare of public scrutiny. In 1994, the National Research Council (NRC) reported that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (USEPA's) overall approach to assessing risks is fundamentally sound, but the Agency must more clearly establish the scientific and policy basis for risk estimates and better communicate the associated uncertainties. On March 21, 1995, USEPA issued a risk characterization policy and guidance. In this policy, an effective risk characterization must fully and clearly characterize risks and disclose the scientific analysis, uncertainties, assumptions, and science policy that underlie decisions throughout the risk assessment process. A number of regulatory reform bills which required risk characterization as part of all Federal risk assessments were introduced by the 104th Congress. The purpose of this workshop was to familiarize Society of Toxicology members with: (1) key elements to be considered in risk characterization and (2) new advances in risk characterization addressed by Federal and State agencies, industry, academia, NRC, and Presidential/Congressional Commission on Risk Assessment and Risk Management. Furthermore, the main objective was to engage the audience in discussing the proper role of science in risk assessment-risk management interface to make informed decisions in the face of scientific uncertainty. Copyright 1997 Society of Toxicology. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - North, D W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 81 EP - 88 VL - 39 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) KW - Environmental Health KW - Decision Making KW - Public Health -- standards KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79362898?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Risk+characterization%3A+A+bridge+to+informed+decision+making.&rft.au=North%2C+D+W&rft.aulast=North&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-16 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seasonal changes in the relative abundance of uncultivated sulfate-reducing bacteria in a salt marsh sediment and in the rhizosphere of Spartina alterniflora AN - 52633049; 1998-016512 JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Rooney-Varga, Juliette N AU - Devereux, Richard AU - Evans, Robert S AU - Hines, Mark E Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 3895 EP - 3901 PB - American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC VL - 63 IS - 10 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - biodegradation KW - sulfate ion KW - degradation KW - marshes KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - Desulfococcus multivorans KW - biota KW - bioaccumulation KW - mires KW - salt marshes KW - bacteria KW - sediments KW - seasonal variations KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52633049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Seasonal+changes+in+the+relative+abundance+of+uncultivated+sulfate-reducing+bacteria+in+a+salt+marsh+sediment+and+in+the+rhizosphere+of+Spartina+alterniflora&rft.au=Rooney-Varga%2C+Juliette+N%3BDevereux%2C+Richard%3BEvans%2C+Robert+S%3BHines%2C+Mark+E&rft.aulast=Rooney-Varga&rft.aufirst=Juliette&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3895&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aem.asm.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AEMIDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; bioaccumulation; biodegradation; biota; degradation; Desulfococcus multivorans; ecosystems; marshes; mires; pollution; salt marshes; seasonal variations; sediments; sulfate ion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of historical withdrawals on advective transport of contaminated ground waters in a glacial-drift aquifer, Milford, New Hampshire AN - 52605041; 1998-031317 JF - Fact Sheet - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Harte, Philip T AU - Willey, Richard E Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - October 1997 SP - 6 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - drift KW - preferential flow KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - New Hampshire KW - transport KW - sediments KW - USGS KW - water use KW - hydrology KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - elementary geology KW - aquifers KW - models KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Milford New Hampshire KW - alluvium aquifers KW - volatile organic compounds KW - Hillsborough County New Hampshire KW - permeability KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52605041?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Harte%2C+Philip+T%3BWilley%2C+Richard+E&rft.aulast=Harte&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Effects+of+historical+withdrawals+on+advective+transport+of+contaminated+ground+waters+in+a+glacial-drift+aquifer%2C+Milford%2C+New+Hampshire&rft.title=Effects+of+historical+withdrawals+on+advective+transport+of+contaminated+ground+waters+in+a+glacial-drift+aquifer%2C+Milford%2C+New+Hampshire&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03880 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium aquifers; aquifers; clastic sediments; contaminant plumes; drift; elementary geology; ground water; Hillsborough County New Hampshire; hydrology; Milford New Hampshire; models; New Hampshire; organic compounds; permeability; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; sediments; simulation; transport; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; water use ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Building performance ...with the energy star label AN - 26460816; 2001-63-010799 (CE); 307569 (EN) AB - An overview is given of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and Dept. of Energy ENERGY STAR program and the tools that will be provided to engineers and building owners for meeting design criteria to obtain a provisional label for post-construction validation of performance. JF - HPAC Heating, Piping, Air Conditioning AU - Hicks, Thomas W AU - Clough, Dennis W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USA PY - 1997 SP - 49 EP - 50, 52-54 PB - Penton Publishing, 1100 Superior Ave , Cleveland, OH, 44114-2543, USA VL - 69 IS - 10 SN - 0017-940X, 0017-940X KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Piping KW - Computer programs KW - Air conditioning KW - Air heaters KW - Criteria KW - Heating KW - Article KW - EE 902.2:Codes and Standards KW - EE 911.2:Industrial Economics (EN) KW - EE 402:Buildings and towers KW - EE 525.3:Energy Utilization KW - EE 525.2:Energy Conservation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/26460816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HPAC+Heating%2C+Piping%2C+Air+Conditioning&rft.atitle=Building+performance+...with+the+energy+star+label&rft.au=Hicks%2C+Thomas+W%3BClough%2C+Dennis+W&rft.aulast=Hicks&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=HPAC+Heating%2C+Piping%2C+Air+Conditioning&rft.issn=0017940X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In utero exposure to low doses of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin alters reproductive development of female Long Evans hooded rat offspring AN - 17184334; 4480724 AB - Prenatal administration of a single dose of 1 mu g TCDD/kg induces malformations of the external genitalia and subfertility in female offspring (L. E. Gray, Jr., and J.S. Ostby (1995) Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 133, 285-294). A cross-fostering study indicated that in utero but not lactational TCDD exposure (1 mu g TCDD/kg on gestational Day 15) induces cleft phallus, vaginal thread formation, and reduced ovarian weight. TCDD treatment on the 15th day of pregnancy at 0, 0.05, 0.20, or 0.80 mu g TCDD/kg delayed vaginal opening at 0.80 mu g/kg in the progeny. A persistent vaginal thread was displayed by 27% of the progeny at 0.20 and 92% at 0.80 mu g TCDD/kg. These effects did not appear to result from abnormal ovarian function during prepubertal development; neither serum estradiol levels nor ovarian estradiol production were reduced in 21- or 28-day-old progeny of dams exposed to 1 mu g TCDD/kg. In addition, partial to complete clefting of the phallus was displayed in TCDD-treated rats (10% at 0.20 and 60% at 0.80 mu g TCDD/kg) and these dosage levels also increased the length of the urethral slit, increased distance from the urethral opening to the tip of the phallus, and decreased distance from the urethral opening to the vaginal orifice. Although fertility rates were normal, time-to-pregnancy was delayed by treatment with 0.80 mu g TCDD/kg. When necropsied at 20 months of age, females from the TCDD-dose groups displayed histopathological alterations of the reproductive tract. In summary, administration of TCDD at dosage levels of 0.2, 0.8, and 1.0 mu g/kg produces morphological reproductive alterations in female rat offspring as a consequence of in utero exposure. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Gray, LE Jr AU - Wolf, C AU - Mann, P AU - Ostby, J S AD - MD 72, Reproductive Toxicology Division, Endocrinology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 237 EP - 244 VL - 146 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Prenatal experience KW - TCDD KW - Teratogenicity KW - Reproduction KW - Pregnancy KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17184334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=In+utero+exposure+to+low+doses+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+alters+reproductive+development+of+female+Long+Evans+hooded+rat+offspring&rft.au=Gray%2C+LE+Jr%3BWolf%2C+C%3BMann%2C+P%3BOstby%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Reproduction; Teratogenicity; Pregnancy; TCDD; Prenatal experience ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytokine production by human airway epithelial cells after exposure to an air pollution particle is metal-dependent AN - 17182799; 4480718 AB - Despite the many epidemiological studies supporting the contention that ambient air pollution particles can adversely affect human health, there is no clear agreement as to a biologically plausible mechanism which can explain the acute mortality and morbidity associated with exposure to particles less than 10 mu m in size. We tested the hypothesis that metals present in an air pollution particle can induce the synthesis and expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL-8, IL-6, and TNF alpha . A residual oil fly ash (ROFA) containing the transition metals vanadium, nickel, and iron was used as a model emission source air pollution particle. Normal human bronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells were exposed for either 2 or 24 hr to 0, 5, 50, or 200 mu g/ml ROFA. Concentrations of IL-8, IL-6, and TNF- alpha proteins were measured with commercially available ELISA kits. mRNA for these same cytokines was quantified by RT-PCR. NHBE cells exposed to ROFA produced significant amounts of IL-8, IL-6, and TNF, as well as mRNAs coding for these cytokines. Cytokine production was inhibited by the inclusion of either the metal chelator deferoxamine (1.0 mM) or the free radical scavenger dimethylthiourea (1.0 mM). In addition, vanadium containing compounds, but not iron or nickel sulfates, mimicked the effects of intact ROFA. These results demonstrate that metals present in ROFA may be responsible for production and release of inflammatory mediators by the respiratory tract epithelium and suggest that these mediators may contribute to the toxic effects of particulate air pollutants reported in epidemiology studies. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Carter, J D AU - Ghio, A J AU - Samet, J M AU - Devlin, R B AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 180 EP - 188 VL - 146 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Air pollution KW - Metals KW - Airborne particulates KW - Particulate pollution KW - Cytokines KW - Epithelium KW - X 24165:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17182799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Cytokine+production+by+human+airway+epithelial+cells+after+exposure+to+an+air+pollution+particle+is+metal-dependent&rft.au=Carter%2C+J+D%3BGhio%2C+A+J%3BSamet%2C+J+M%3BDevlin%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Carter&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=180&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cytokines; Airborne particulates; Epithelium; Metals; Air pollution; Particulate pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phototoxicity of individual polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and petroleum to marine invertebrate larvae and juveniles AN - 16302195; 4241141 AB - Phototoxicity resulting from photoactivated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been reported in the literature for a variety of freshwater organisms. The magnitude of increase in PAH toxicity often exceeds a factor of 100. In the marine environment phototoxicity to marine organisms has not been reported for individual or complex mixtures of PAHs. In this study, larvae and juveniles of the bivalve, Mulinia lateralis, and juveniles of the mysid shrimp, Mysidopsis bahia, were exposed to individual known phototoxic PAHs (anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene), as well as the water-accommodated fractions of several petroleum products (Fuel Oil #2, Arabian Light Crude, Prudhoe Bay Crude, Fuel Oil #6) containing PAHs. Phototoxicity of individual PAHs was 12 to >50,000 times that of conventional toxicity. Three of the petroleum products demonstrated phototoxicity while the lightest product, Fuel Oil #2, was not phototoxic at the concentrations tested. The phototoxicity of petroleum products appears to be dependent on the composition and concentrations of phototoxic PAHs present: lighter oils have fewer multiple aromatic ring, phototoxic compounds while heavier oils have higher levels of these types of molecules. This study shows that phototoxicity can occur in marine waters to marine species. Further, the occurrence of oil in marine waters presents the additional risk of phototoxicity not routinely assessed for during oil spills. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Pelletier, M C AU - Burgess, R M AU - Ho, K T AU - Kuhn, A AU - McKinney, R A AU - Ryba, SA AD - U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, NHEERL, Atlantic Ecol. Div., 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 2190 EP - 2199 VL - 16 IS - 10 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Dwarf surfclam KW - larvae KW - marine environment KW - petroleum KW - phototoxicity KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Mulinia lateralis KW - Toxicity tests KW - Phototoxicity KW - Marine environment KW - Petroleum KW - Ultraviolet radiation KW - Aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Larvae KW - Mysidopsis bahia KW - Invertebrates KW - Aromatic compounds KW - Oil pollution KW - Marine KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Toxicity KW - Light effects KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16302195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Phototoxicity+of+individual+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+and+petroleum+to+marine+invertebrate+larvae+and+juveniles&rft.au=Pelletier%2C+M+C%3BBurgess%2C+R+M%3BHo%2C+K+T%3BKuhn%2C+A%3BMcKinney%2C+R+A%3BRyba%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Pelletier&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2190&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aromatic compounds; Hydrocarbons; Marine environment; Petroleum; Ultraviolet radiation; Larvae; Aromatic hydrocarbons; Oil pollution; Toxicity; Toxicity tests; Light effects; Phototoxicity; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Invertebrates; Mysidopsis bahia; Mulinia lateralis; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vivo evidence of free radical formation in the rat lung after exposure to an emission source air pollution particle AN - 16292042; 4295529 AB - Exposure to air pollution particles can be associated with increased human morbidity and mortality. The mechanism(s) of lung injury remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that lung exposure to oil fly ash (an emission source air pollution particle) causes in vivo free radical production. Electron spin resonance (ESR) in conjunction with the spin trap alpha -(4-pyridyl 1-oxide)-N-tert-butylnitrone (4-POBN) was used to detect radical adducts. Rats were instilled with 500 mu g of either oil fly ash or saline. Twenty-four hours later, ESR spectroscopy of the chloroform extract from lungs of animals exposed to the oil fly ash gave a spectrum consistent with a carbon-centered radical adduct (hyperfine coupling constants a super(N) = 15.0 G and a super(H) sub( beta ) = 2.5 G), while those spectra from lungs instilled with saline revealed a much weaker signal. This signal was reproduced by instilling animals with the soluble fraction of the oil fly ash, which contains soluble metal compounds. The same signal was observed after instillation of either a mixture of vanadium, nickel, and iron sulfates or VOSO sub(4) alone. We conclude that, after instillation of an air pollution particle in the rat, ESR analysis of lung tissue demonstrates in vivo free radical production. This generation of free radicals appears to be associated with soluble metals in the oil fly ash. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Kadiiska, M B AU - Mason, R P AU - Dreher, K L AU - Costa, D L AU - Ghio, A J AD - MD-58D, CRB, HSD, NHEERL, EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 1104 EP - 1108 VL - 10 IS - 10 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - air pollution KW - fly ash KW - free radicals KW - lung KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16292042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=In+vivo+evidence+of+free+radical+formation+in+the+rat+lung+after+exposure+to+an+emission+source+air+pollution+particle&rft.au=Kadiiska%2C+M+B%3BMason%2C+R+P%3BDreher%2C+K+L%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BGhio%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Kadiiska&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in the developing immune system of the F344 rat after perinatal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin II. Effects on the pup and the adult AN - 16239605; 4225539 AB - Our recent work showed that in utero 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) exposure produced alterations in fetal and neonatal thymocyte subpopulations. This study was designed to determine the persistence and functional significance of these alterations. One group of timed-bred pregnant F344 rats was dosed with 3.0 mu g TCDD/kg by gavage on gestational day 14 (GD14). The immune function of the perinatally-exposed offspring and age-matched controls were assessed at 14-17 weeks old. Examination of the organ weights and splenic phenotypes showed that TCDD exposure increased the spleen/body weight ratio, decreased the thymus/body weight ratio, and decreased the percentage of splenic CD3 super(+)/CD4 super(-)CD8 super(-) cells in both genders. The delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to bovine serum albumin (BSA) was suppressed in both the TCDD-exposed males and females. The lymphoproliferative (LP) responses to T-cell and B-cell mitogens and the antibody response to sheep red blood cells were not affected by perinatal TCDD exposure in either gender except for a suppressed LP response to PWM in the females. A second set of timed-pregnant F344 rats was dosed with 0 or 1.0 mu g TCDD/kg on GD14. One day after birth litters were cross-fostered to produce control, placental-only, lactational-only, and placental /lactational exposure groups. The organ weights and thymic and splenic phenotypes of these pups were assayed 1, 2, or 3 weeks post-partum, while the DTH response was assessed in 5-month-old males. Increased liver/body weight ratios, decreased percentages of thymic CD3 super(+)/CD4 super(-)CD8 super(-) cells, and increased percentages of thymic CD3 super(+)/CD4 super(-)CD8 super(+) cells were seen through 3 weeks old in both genders after TCDD exposure. The severity of the effects was related to the route of exposure (i.e. placental/lactational > lactational > placental). The DTH response to BSA was suppressed in the males receiving both placental and lactational exposure. These results suggest that the immunotoxic effects of perinatal TCDD exposure of rats persist into adulthood and that suppression of the DTH response may represent the most sensitive biomarker for TCDD-induced immunotoxicity in this species. JF - Toxicology AU - Gehrs, B C AU - Riddle, M M AU - Williams, W C AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 229 EP - 240 VL - 122 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Immune system KW - Immunomodulation KW - Prenatal experience KW - TCDD KW - Teratogenicity KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16239605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+the+developing+immune+system+of+the+F344+rat+after+perinatal+exposure+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+II.+Effects+on+the+pup+and+the+adult&rft.au=Gehrs%2C+B+C%3BRiddle%2C+M+M%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BSmialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Gehrs&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endocrine screening methods workshop report: Detection of estrogenic and androgenic hormonal and antihormonal activity for chemicals that act via receptor or steroidogenic enzyme mechanisms AN - 16121243; 4210274 AB - This workshop evaluated methods to detect chemicals that act as (anti)estrogens and (anti)androgens via alteration of the action of their respective nuclear receptors, as well as alteration of sex steroid hormone synthesis. The benefits and limitations of each endpoint were discussed. Other important mechanisms that can result in endocrine disruption (e.g., antithyroid effects of chemicals) were not discussed at this workshop. Screens should be hazard identification tools designed to detect endocrine activity, not to determine dose-response relationships. No single endpoint can provide results that would allow one to conclude with absolute certainty that a toxicant acted via estrogen receptor (ER), androgen receptor (AR) or inhibition of sex steroid hormone synthesis (steroidogenesis-inhibiting substances, SIS). Workshop participants expressed a high level of confidence that a screen(s) that would identify endocrine disrupters that act via AR, ER, or SIS activity could be developed, but this will require some combination of endpoints discussed at the workshop. It was beyond the scope of this workshop to determine what endocrine mechanisms a screen should detect, or to develop a screening approach. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Gray, LE Jr AU - Kelce, W R AU - Wiese, T AU - Tyl, R AU - Gaido, K AU - Cook, J AU - Klinefelter, G AU - Desaulniers, D AU - Wilson, E AD - Endocrinol. Branch, RTD, NHEERL, USEPA, MD-72, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 719 EP - 750 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - estrogen receptors KW - androgen receptors KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - antiestrogens KW - endocrine system KW - conferences KW - steroidogenesis KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16121243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Endocrine+screening+methods+workshop+report%3A+Detection+of+estrogenic+and+androgenic+hormonal+and+antihormonal+activity+for+chemicals+that+act+via+receptor+or+steroidogenic+enzyme+mechanisms&rft.au=Gray%2C+LE+Jr%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BWiese%2C+T%3BTyl%2C+R%3BGaido%2C+K%3BCook%2C+J%3BKlinefelter%2C+G%3BDesaulniers%2C+D%3BWilson%2C+E&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=719&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - endocrine system; steroidogenesis; antiestrogens; conferences ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Residues of Forestry Herbicides in Plants of Importance to California Native Americans AN - 1439227847; 18618824 AB - Abstract not Available JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Segawa, R AU - Bradley, A AU - Lee, P AU - Tran, D AU - Hsu, J AU - White, J AU - Goh, K S AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Pesticide Regulation, Environmental Monitoring and Pest Management, 1020 N Street, Room 161, Sacramento, California 95814-5624, USA, US Y1 - 1997/10// PY - 1997 DA - Oct 1997 SP - 556 EP - 563 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 59 IS - 4 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Ethnic groups KW - Residues KW - USA, California KW - Forestry KW - X:24330 KW - H 5000:Pesticides KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & ENAironmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439227847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Residues+of+Forestry+Herbicides+in+Plants+of+Importance+to+California+Native+Americans&rft.au=Segawa%2C+R%3BBradley%2C+A%3BLee%2C+P%3BTran%2C+D%3BHsu%2C+J%3BWhite%2C+J%3BGoh%2C+K+S&rft.aulast=Segawa&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-10-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs001289900515 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Forestry; Residues; USA, California DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001289900515 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tolerance to the hypothermic and hyperthermic effects of chlorpyrifos. AN - 79150814; 9231699 AB - Hypothermia is a commonly reported thermoregulatory response in rodents acutely exposed to organophosphates (OP); however, our laboratory has recently found a delayed hyperthermic response following the initial hypothermia when exposed to the OP, chlorpyrifos. It is well known that rodents display tolerance to OP-induced hypothermia but little is known about tolerance to OP-induced hyperthermia. Twenty female rats of the Long-Evans strain were made tolerant to chlorpyrifos by administering 0 or 10 mg/g chlorpyrifos by gavage daily for four days. Core temperature (T[c]) and motor activity (MA) were monitored continuously by telemetry. Twenty-four hours after the fourth 10 mg/kg injection, the animals were administered a challenge dose of 25 mg/kg chlorpyrifos or corn oil while the telemetry data were monitored for the next 72 h. Non-tolerant rats displayed an initial hypothermic response with reduced MA followed by a delayed increase in T(c) 24 h after exposure. The tolerant animals displayed a blunted hypothermic response with virtually no change in MA, but a delayed increase in T(c) similar to that of non-tolerant animals. The hyperthermic response of the non-tolerant animals persisted for two days, whereas the tolerant animals recovered by the second day. The data indicate that tolerance to the hypothermic and hyperthermic effects of chlorpyrifos involve separate neurochemical pathways. JF - Toxicology AU - Johnson Rowsey, P AU - Gordon, C J AD - The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, School of Nursing, 27599-7460, USA. rowsey@her145.her1.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/09/05/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Sep 05 SP - 215 EP - 221 VL - 121 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Telemetry KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Fever -- chemically induced KW - Chlorpyrifos -- administration & dosage KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Insecticides -- administration & dosage KW - Hypothermia -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79150814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Tolerance+to+the+hypothermic+and+hyperthermic+effects+of+chlorpyrifos.&rft.au=Johnson+Rowsey%2C+P%3BGordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Johnson+Rowsey&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1997-09-05&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-12 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smog and soot: updating air quality standards. AN - 79314189; 9323386 JF - Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) AU - Browner, C M AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC 20460, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 366 EP - 367 VL - 112 IS - 5 SN - 0033-3549, 0033-3549 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Smog KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Public Health -- trends KW - Child KW - Air Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Air Pollutants -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79314189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+health+reports+%28Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+1974%29&rft.atitle=Smog+and+soot%3A+updating+air+quality+standards.&rft.au=Browner%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Browner&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=366&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+health+reports+%28Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+1974%29&rft.issn=00333549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prediction of ozone-induced FEV1 changes. Effects of concentration, duration, and ventilation. AN - 79313083; 9309984 AB - The purpose of this analysis of previously published data was to identify a model that accurately predicts the mean ozone-induced FEV1 response of humans as a function of concentration (C), minute ventilation (VE), duration of exposure (T), and age. Healthy young adults (n = 485) were exposed for 2 h to one of six ozone concentrations while exercising at one of three levels. Candidate models were fitted to portions of the data and evaluated on the basis of their ability to predict the mean response of independent samples. A sigmoid-shaped model that is consistent with previous observations of ozone exposure-response (E-R) characteristics was identified and found to accurately predict the mean response with independent data. This model in a more general form may allow the prediction of responses under conditions of changing C and VE. We did not find that response was more sensitive to changes in C than in VE, nor did we find convincing evidence of an effect of body size upon response. We did find that response to ozone decreases with age. In summary, we have identified a biologically plausible, predictive model that quantifies the relationship between the ozone-induced change in FEV1, and C, VE, T, and age. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Stewart, P W AU - Andreoni, S AU - Seal, E AU - Kehrl, H R AU - Horstman, D H AU - Folinsbee, L J AU - Smith, M V AD - Clinical Research Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 715 EP - 722 VL - 156 IS - 3 Pt 1 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Oxidants, Photochemical KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Age Factors KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Body Constitution KW - Exercise KW - Adolescent KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Oxidants, Photochemical -- toxicity KW - Logistic Models KW - Pulmonary Ventilation -- drug effects KW - Forced Expiratory Volume -- drug effects KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79313083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Prediction+of+ozone-induced+FEV1+changes.+Effects+of+concentration%2C+duration%2C+and+ventilation.&rft.au=McDonnell%2C+W+F%3BStewart%2C+P+W%3BAndreoni%2C+S%3BSeal%2C+E%3BKehrl%2C+H+R%3BHorstman%2C+D+H%3BFolinsbee%2C+L+J%3BSmith%2C+M+V&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=156&rft.issue=3+Pt+1&rft.spage=715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spermatotoxicity of dichloroacetic acid. AN - 79310573; 9311576 AB - The testicular toxicity of dichloroacetic acid (DCA), a disinfection byproduct of drinking water, was evaluated in adult male rats given both single and multiple (up to 14 d) oral doses. Delayed spermiation and altered resorption of residual bodies were observed in rats given single doses of 1500 and 3000 mg/kg; these effects persisted to varying degrees on post-treatment days 2, 14, and 28. Delayed spermiation and formation of atypical residual bodies also were observed on days 2, 5, 9, and 14 in rats dosed daily with 1440, 480, 160, and 54 mg/kg. Distorted sperm heads and acrosomes were observed in step 15 spermatids after 14 doses of 480 and 1440 mg/kg. Decreases in the percentage of motile sperm occurred after 9 doses of 480 and 1440 mg/kg and 14 doses of 160 mg/kg. Increased numbers of fused epididymal sperm were observed on days 5, 9, and 14 in rats dosed with 1440, 480, and 160 mg/kg, respectively; other morphologic abnormalities occurred at 160 mg/kg and higher. On day 14, a significant decrease in epididymis weight was observed at 480 and 1440 mg/kg, and epididymal sperm count was decreased at 160 mg/kg and higher. These studies demonstrate that the testicular toxicity induced by DCA are similar to those produced by the analogue, dibromoacetic acid. However, the testicular toxicity of DCA is less severe at equal molar concentrations. Moreover, the DCA-induced testicular lesions occur with greater potency as the duration of dosing increases, indicating the importance of using low-dose subchronic exposures to assess the health risk of prevalent disinfection byproducts. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Linder, R E AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Strader, L F AU - Suarez, J D AU - Roberts, N L AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 681 EP - 688 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - dibromoacetic acid KW - 631-64-1 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Sperm Count -- drug effects KW - Epididymis -- pathology KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Epididymis -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Spermatozoa -- pathology KW - Acetates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79310573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Spermatotoxicity+of+dichloroacetic+acid.&rft.au=Linder%2C+R+E%3BKlinefelter%2C+G+R%3BStrader%2C+L+F%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BRoberts%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=681&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-23 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A dose-response analysis of the reproductive effects of a single gestational dose of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in male Long Evans Hooded rat offspring. AN - 79285497; 9299592 AB - Male rats exposed in utero to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) display reduced fertility as a consequence of the direct action of TCDD on the epididymides, as well as delayed puberty and altered reproductive organ weights. The current study provides dose-response data for the reproductive effects of TCDD, administered during pregnancy, with an emphasis on the effects of TCDD on testicular, epididymal, and ejaculated sperm numbers. Long Evans Hooded rats were dosed by gavage with 0, 0.05, 0.20, or 0.80 microg TCDD/kg on Day 15 of gestation. After birth, growth, viability, and developmental landmarks were monitored in both male and female offspring. Shortly after puberty (49 and 63 days of age) and at 15 months of age, male offspring were necropsied. Growth and viability of the pups were reduced only at 0.80 microg TCDD/kg, eye opening was accelerated (all dosage groups), and puberty was delayed (at 0.20 and 0.80 microg TCDD/kg). Treated progeny displayed transient reductions in ventral prostate and seminal vesicle weights, while epididymal sperm reserves and glans penis size were permanently reduced. Ejaculated sperm numbers were reduced (45% in the 0.8 and by 25% in the 0.05 and 0.2 microg TCDD/kg dosage groups) to a greater degree than were cauda or caput/corpus epididymal or testicular (unaffected) sperm numbers. In conclusion, administration of TCDD on Day 15 of pregnancy at 0.05 microg/kg altered eye opening and reduced ejaculated sperm counts, while higher dosage levels also delayed puberty and permanently reduced cauda epididymal sperm reserves. Copyright 1997 Academic Press. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gray, L E AU - Ostby, J S AU - Kelce, W R AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 11 EP - 20 VL - 146 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Sperm Count -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Spermatogenesis -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Genitalia, Male -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79285497?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=A+dose-response+analysis+of+the+reproductive+effects+of+a+single+gestational+dose+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+in+male+Long+Evans+Hooded+rat+offspring.&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E%3BOstby%2C+J+S%3BKelce%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurobiology+of+learning+and+memory&rft.issn=10747427&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-15 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Behavioral and autonomic thermoregulation in the rat following propylthiouracil-induced hypothyroidism. AN - 79227360; 9264096 AB - A reduced body temperature is a common symptom of hypothyroidism and may result from a deficiency in metabolic heat production. However, a reduced metabolism does not necessarily imply a failure in thermoregulatory control if other thermoeffectors, in particular behavioral thermoregulation, are operative. To address this issue, selected ambient temperature (Ta) in a temperature gradient, core temperature (Tc), heart rate (HR), and motor activity (MA) were monitored via radiotelemetry in euthyroid rats and rats made hypothyroid by the administration of 0.05 mg/ml propylthiouracil (PTU) in drinking water for approximately 15 days. Core temperature of PTU-treated rats was reduced by 0.3 degree, whereas selected Ta was increased by 2.3 degrees. PTU treatment led to significant reductions in HR, whereas MA was unaffected. Thermoregulatory behavior did not reverse the PTU-induced hypothermia, suggesting that PTU-induced hypothyroidism leads to a regulated reduction in body temperature (i.e., decrease in the set point). A reduced set point seems to be an adaptive response that lowers the metabolic requirements for thermoregulation in the hypothyroid rat. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. gordon@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 231 EP - 236 VL - 58 IS - 1 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Antithyroid Agents KW - 0 KW - Triiodothyronine KW - 06LU7C9H1V KW - Propylthiouracil KW - 721M9407IY KW - Thyroxine KW - Q51BO43MG4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Triiodothyronine -- blood KW - Telemetry KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Thyroxine -- blood KW - Male KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Hypothyroidism -- physiopathology KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- physiology KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- physiology KW - Behavior, Animal -- physiology KW - Hypothyroidism -- chemically induced KW - Hypothyroidism -- psychology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79227360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=Behavioral+and+autonomic+thermoregulation+in+the+rat+following+propylthiouracil-induced+hypothyroidism.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-30 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's Natural Gas STAR Program; using a voluntary approach to reduce oil and natural gas emissions AN - 52671797; 1997-067865 AB - In 1992, in response to global concern on greenhouse gases emissions, the U.S. developed the first Climate Change Action Plan. A section of the plan is dedicated to the reduction of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, and required EPA to create the Natural Gas STAR Program. The Natural Gas STAR Program is a cooperative, voluntary program between the Natural Gas Industry and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to implement pollution prevention techniques in a cost effective manner. The program uses market forces to save industry money while achieving the objectives of the Climate Change Action Plan. The initial program focused on transmission and distribution companies, and in the first full year of the program (1993) methane emissions were reduced by 1,340,000 Mcf. In 1995 EPA expanded the program to include the production sector of the industry. Through 1995, partners have reduced emissions by over 17,000,000 Mcf, worth over $34,000,000. This presentation describes the development of the Natural Gas STAR Program, including sources of emissions, cost-effective solutions, and program benefits. Specifically, in the production sector the replacement of high-bleed pneumatics with low or no-bleed devices, adding flash tank separators to dehydrators, and installing Vapor Recovery Units on tank batteries are cost-effective methods that reduce emissions. The presentation will provide an overview of the program, discuss the results of the first two years of the Producer Program, identify actual emissions reductions achieved for each of the BMPs and discuss the use of additional voluntary programs to address environmental issues. JF - AAPG Bulletin AU - Resch, Rhone A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 1562 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK VL - 81 IS - 9 SN - 0149-1423, 0149-1423 KW - programs KW - methane KW - Natural Gas STAR Program KW - natural gas KW - government agencies KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - petroleum KW - alkanes KW - gases KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - greenhouse effect KW - climate KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52671797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+Natural+Gas+STAR+Program%3B+using+a+voluntary+approach+to+reduce+oil+and+natural+gas+emissions&rft.au=Resch%2C+Rhone+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Resch&rft.aufirst=Rhone&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1562&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.issn=01491423&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aapgbull.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Eastern Section and the Society for Organic Petrology joint meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AABUD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; changes; climate; gases; government agencies; greenhouse effect; hydrocarbons; methane; natural gas; Natural Gas STAR Program; organic compounds; petroleum; pollution; programs; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water harvesting from granite outcrops in Western Australia AN - 52536122; 1999-002721 JF - Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia AU - Laing, I A F AU - Hauck, E J A2 - Hopper, S. D. A2 - Withers, P. C. Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 181 EP - 184 PB - Royal Society of Western Australia, Perth, West. Aust. VL - 80, Part 3 SN - 0035-922X, 0035-922X KW - hydrology KW - water storage KW - water supply KW - Australasia KW - igneous rocks KW - Western Australia KW - granites KW - surface water KW - water management KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - plutonic rocks KW - planning KW - runoff KW - outcrops KW - Australia KW - water wells KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52536122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Royal+Society+of+Western+Australia&rft.atitle=Water+harvesting+from+granite+outcrops+in+Western+Australia&rft.au=Laing%2C+I+A+F%3BHauck%2C+E+J&rft.aulast=Laing&rft.aufirst=I+A&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=80%2C+Part+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Royal+Society+of+Western+Australia&rft.issn=0035922X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Granite outcrops symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - West. Aust. N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JRSUAU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; granites; ground water; hydrology; igneous rocks; outcrops; planning; plutonic rocks; runoff; spatial distribution; surface water; water management; water storage; water supply; water wells; Western Australia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Innovative measures for subsurface chromium remediation; source zone, concentrated plume, and dilute plume AN - 52512258; 1999-019424 JF - EPA - Environmental Research Brief AU - Sabatini, David A AU - Knox, Robert C AU - Tucker, Edwin E AU - Puls, Robert W Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 16 PB - United States Environmental Protection Agency - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Ada, OH KW - United States KW - methods KW - contaminant plumes KW - ions KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - toxicity KW - chemical reactions KW - Pasquotank County North Carolina KW - reduction KW - chromium KW - soils KW - concentration KW - anions KW - monitoring KW - Elizabeth City North Carolina KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - solubility KW - case studies KW - provenance KW - dilution KW - metals KW - North Carolina KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52512258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Sabatini%2C+David+A%3BKnox%2C+Robert+C%3BTucker%2C+Edwin+E%3BPuls%2C+Robert+W&rft.aulast=Sabatini&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Innovative+measures+for+subsurface+chromium+remediation%3B+source+zone%2C+concentrated+plume%2C+and+dilute+plume&rft.title=Innovative+measures+for+subsurface+chromium+remediation%3B+source+zone%2C+concentrated+plume%2C+and+dilute+plume&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04766 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anions; case studies; chemical reactions; chromium; concentration; contaminant plumes; dilution; Elizabeth City North Carolina; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; ions; metals; methods; monitoring; North Carolina; oxidation; Pasquotank County North Carolina; physicochemical properties; pollutants; provenance; reduction; remediation; soils; solubility; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A study of the temporal variability of atrazine in private well water; Part II, Analysis of data AN - 52480547; 1999-037720 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Pinsky, Paul AU - Lorber, Matthew AU - Johnson, Kent AU - Kross, Burton AU - Burmeister, Leon AU - Wilkins, Amina AU - Hallberg, George Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 197 EP - 221 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - Iowa KW - environmental analysis KW - variations KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - nitrate ion KW - interpretation KW - programs KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - atrazine KW - pesticides KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52480547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=A+study+of+the+temporal+variability+of+atrazine+in+private+well+water%3B+Part+II%2C+Analysis+of+data&rft.au=Pinsky%2C+Paul%3BLorber%2C+Matthew%3BJohnson%2C+Kent%3BKross%2C+Burton%3BBurmeister%2C+Leon%3BWilkins%2C+Amina%3BHallberg%2C+George&rft.aulast=Pinsky&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; atrazine; concentration; data acquisition; data processing; design; environmental analysis; ground water; herbicides; interpretation; Iowa; monitoring; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; programs; remediation; triazines; United States; variations; water quality; water resources; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A study of the temporal variability of atrazine in private well water; Part I, Study design, implementation, and database development AN - 52478303; 1999-037719 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Lorber, Matthew AU - Johnson, Kent AU - Kross, Burton AU - Pinsky, Paul AU - Burmeister, Leon AU - Thurman, E Michael AU - Wilkins, Amina AU - Hallberg, George Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 175 EP - 195 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 47 IS - 2 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - Iowa KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - nitrate ion KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - atrazine KW - pesticides KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52478303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=A+study+of+the+temporal+variability+of+atrazine+in+private+well+water%3B+Part+I%2C+Study+design%2C+implementation%2C+and+database+development&rft.au=Lorber%2C+Matthew%3BJohnson%2C+Kent%3BKross%2C+Burton%3BPinsky%2C+Paul%3BBurmeister%2C+Leon%3BThurman%2C+E+Michael%3BWilkins%2C+Amina%3BHallberg%2C+George&rft.aulast=Lorber&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; atrazine; data acquisition; data processing; decision-making; design; detection; environmental analysis; ground water; herbicides; Iowa; monitoring; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; programs; remediation; triazines; United States; water quality; water resources; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concentration and stable isotope values of BTEX in gasoline-contaminated groundwater AN - 52366069; 2000-027308 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Kelley, Cheryl A AU - Hammer, Beth Trust AU - Coffin, Richard B Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - September 1997 SP - 2469 EP - 2472 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - contaminant plumes KW - isotopes KW - observation wells KW - environmental analysis KW - stable isotopes KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Port Hueneme California KW - California KW - perched aquifers KW - carbon KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - chromatograms KW - hydrocarbons KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52366069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Concentration+and+stable+isotope+values+of+BTEX+in+gasoline-contaminated+groundwater&rft.au=Kelley%2C+Cheryl+A%3BHammer%2C+Beth+Trust%3BCoffin%2C+Richard+B&rft.aulast=Kelley&rft.aufirst=Cheryl&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; bioremediation; BTEX; C-13/C-12; California; carbon; chromatograms; concentration; contaminant plumes; detection; environmental analysis; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; isotope ratios; isotopes; leaking underground storage tanks; military facilities; monitoring; observation wells; organic compounds; perched aquifers; petroleum products; pollution; Port Hueneme California; remediation; stable isotopes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approaches to characterizing human health risks of exposure to fibers. AN - 21250973; 11703704 AB - Naturally occurring and man-made (synthetic) fibers of respirable sizes are substances that have been identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) as priority substances for risk reduction and pollution prevention under the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). The health concern for respirable fibers is based on the link of occupational asbestos exposure and environmental erionite fiber exposure to the development of chronic respiratory diseases, including interstitial lung fibrosis, lung cancer, and mesothelioma in humans. There is also considerable laboratory evidence indicating that a variety of fibers of varying physical and chemical characteristics can elicit fibrogenic and carcinogenic effects in animals under certain exposure conditions. This paper discusses key scientific issues and major default assumptions and uncertainties pertaining to the risk assessment of inhaled fibers. This is followed by a description of the types of assessment performed by the U.S. EPA to support risk management actions of new fibers and existing fibers under TSCA. The scope and depth of these risk assessments, however, vary greatly depending on whether the substance under review is an existing or a new fiber, the purpose of the assessment, the availability of data, time, and resources, and the intended nature of regulatory action. In general, these risk assessments are of considerable uncertainty because health hazard and human exposure information is often incomplete for most fibers. Furthermore, how fibers cause diseases and what specific determinants are critical to fiber-induced toxicity and carcinogenicity are still not completely understood. Further research to improve our knowledge base in fiber toxicology and additional toxicity and exposure data gathering are needed to more accurately characterize the health risks of inhaled fibers. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Vu, V T AU - Lai, D Y AD - Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA, vu.vanessa@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - Sep 1997 SP - 1329 EP - 1336 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 105 IS - Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Asbestos KW - Toxic substances KW - Pollution prevention KW - Physicochemical properties KW - Respiratory diseases KW - Toxicity KW - Cancer KW - risk reduction KW - EPA KW - Fibers KW - USA KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Reviews KW - mesothelioma KW - Toxicology KW - Lung cancer KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - R2 23050:Environment KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21250973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Approaches+to+characterizing+human+health+risks+of+exposure+to+fibers.&rft.au=Vu%2C+V+T%3BLai%2C+D+Y&rft.aulast=Vu&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=Suppl+5&rft.spage=1329&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Asbestos; Toxic substances; Pollution prevention; Physicochemical properties; Toxicity; Respiratory diseases; Cancer; Fibers; EPA; risk reduction; Carcinogenicity; Reviews; mesothelioma; Toxicology; Lung cancer; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimate of methane emissions from the U.S. natural gas industry AN - 16513806; 4417138 AB - Global methane emissions from the fossil fuel industries have been poorly quantified and, in many cases, emissions are not well-known even at the country level. Historically, methane emissions from the U.S. gas industry have been based on sparse data, incorrect assumptions, or both. As a result, the estimate of the contribution these emissions make to the global methane inventory could be inaccurate. For this reason the assertion that global warming could be reduced by replacing coal and oil fuels with natural gas could not be defended. A recently completed, multi year study conducted by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development and the Gas Research Institute had the objective of determining methane emissions from the U.S. gas industry with an accuracy of plus or minus 0.5% of production. The study concluded that, in the 1992 base year, methane emissions from the industry were 314 plus or minus 105 Bscf or 6.04 plus or minus 2.01 Tg (all conversions to international units are made at 15.56 degree C and 101.325 kPa). JF - CHEMOSPHERE AU - Kirchgessner, DA AU - Lott, R A AU - Cowgill, R M AU - Harrison, M R AU - Shires, T M AD - US EPA, Air Pollut. Prev. and Control Div., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - Sep 1997 SP - 1365 EP - 1390 VL - 35 IS - 6 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16513806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CHEMOSPHERE&rft.atitle=Estimate+of+methane+emissions+from+the+U.S.+natural+gas+industry&rft.au=Kirchgessner%2C+DA%3BLott%2C+R+A%3BCowgill%2C+R+M%3BHarrison%2C+M+R%3BShires%2C+T+M&rft.aulast=Kirchgessner&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=CHEMOSPHERE&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioavailable transition metals in particulate matter mediate cardiopulmonary injury in health and compromised animal models AN - 16474244; 4389531 AB - Many epidemiologic reports associate ambient levels of particulate matter (PM) with human mortality and morbidity, particularly in people with preexisting cardiopulmonary disease (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, infection, asthma). Because much ambient PM is derived from combustion sources, we tested the hypothesis that the health effects of PM arise from anthropogenic PM that contains bioavailable transition metals. The PM samples studied derived from three emission sources (two oil and one coal fly ash) and four ambient airsheds (St. Louis, MO; Washington; Dusseldorf, Germany; and Ottawa, Canada). PM was administered to rats by intratracheal instillation in equimass or equimetal doses to address directly the influence of PM mass versus metal content on acute lung injury and inflammation. Our results indicated that the lung dose of bioavailable transition metal, not instilled PM mass, was the primary determinant of the acute inflammatory response for both the combustion source and ambient PM samples. Residual oil fly ash, a combustion PM rich in bioavailable metal, was evaluated in a rat model of cardiopulmonary disease (pulmonary vasculitis/hypertension) to ascertain whether the disease state augmented sensitivity to that PM. Significant mortality and enhanced airway responsiveness were observed. Analysis of the lavaged lung fluids suggested that the milieu of the inflamed lung amplified metal-mediated oxidant chemistry to jeopardize the compromised cardiopulmonary system. We propose that soluble metals from PM mediate the array of PM-associated injuries to the cardiopulmonary system of the health and at-risk compromised host. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Costa, D L AU - Dreher, K L AD - Pulm. Toxicology Branch, MD-82, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, ERC Building, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - Sep 1997 SP - 1053 EP - 1060 VL - 105 IS - suppl. 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - air pollution KW - animal models KW - cardiovascular system KW - hypertension KW - lung KW - metals KW - particulate matter KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24164:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16474244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Bioavailable+transition+metals+in+particulate+matter+mediate+cardiopulmonary+injury+in+health+and+compromised+animal+models&rft.au=Costa%2C+D+L%3BDreher%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Costa&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=suppl.+5&rft.spage=1053&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Toxicology of natural and man-made fibrous and non-fibrous particles N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nucleoside-mediated mitigation of 5-fluorouracil-induced toxicity in synchronized murine erythroleukemic cells AN - 16315269; 4245014 AB - 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a chemotherapeutic agent known to retard embryonic growth and induce cleft palate and limb deformities. The predominant mechanism underlying its toxic action is thought to be inhibition of thymidylate synthetase (TS), and hence thymidine triphosphate (dTTP) synthesis, resulting in alteration of the balance of deoxynucleotide (dNTP) pools and disruption of DNA synthesis. Indeed, previously we demonstrated retarded cell-cycle progression concurrent with a 60% decrease in TS activity in rat whole embryos following maternal exposure to 40 mg/kg 5-FU on Gestational Day 14 and in the murine erythroleukemic cell (MELC) suspension culture following exposure to 5-25 mu M 5-FU for 2 hr. In the study described herein, we used high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to demonstrate in both of these model systems that 5-FU exposure results in similar patterns of dNTP perturbations: a prolonged decrease in dTTP and dGTP levels and an increase in dCTP and dATP. In addition, we used centrifugal elutriation to synchronize MELC in the phases of the cell cycle (G sub(0)/ G sub(1) and early S) most sensitive to 5-FU to investigate the ability of nucleoside supplementation to mitigate 5-FU-induced toxicity. Our data indicate that following a 2-hr exposure to 5-25 mu M 5-FU, supplementation with 1-10 mu M thymidine (TdR) for 24 hr partially reverses 5-FU-induced toxicity as evidenced by increased cellular proliferation and cell-cycle progression and amelioration of 5-FU-induced perturbations of protein synthesis and cellular membrane permeability compared to unsupplemented 5-FU-exposed cells. However, TdR concentrations greater than or equal to 100 mu M inhibited growth or were cytotoxic. In comparison, supplementation with 10 mu M-10 mM of deoxycytidine (CdR) was not toxic, but effected a dose-dependent recovery from 5-FU-induced toxicity. At 1-100 mu M, neither deoxyadenosine nor deoxyguanosine supplementation reduced 5-FU-induced toxicity; at higher concentrations, both purine nucleotides inhibited cell growth. Although these results support the hypothesis that 5-FU disrupts the MELC cell cycle by depleting dTTP (a perturbation that is reversible by TdR supplementation), they also indicate that CdR supplementation offers an additional recovery pathway. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Elstein, KH AU - Mole, M L AU - Setzer, R W AU - Zucker, R M AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Rogers, J M AU - Lau, C AD - MD-67, US Environ. Prot. Agency, NHEERL/RTD, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - Sep 1997 SP - 29 EP - 39 VL - 146 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - erythroleukemia KW - fluorouracil KW - nucleosides KW - thymidylate synthase KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24117:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16315269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Nucleoside-mediated+mitigation+of+5-fluorouracil-induced+toxicity+in+synchronized+murine+erythroleukemic+cells&rft.au=Elstein%2C+KH%3BMole%2C+M+L%3BSetzer%2C+R+W%3BZucker%2C+R+M%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BRogers%2C+J+M%3BLau%2C+C&rft.aulast=Elstein&rft.aufirst=KH&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of culture duration on toxicity of ethanol to developing embryos of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio AN - 16218924; 4222023 AB - Embryos of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, have been utilized by several investigators for determining the toxicity and /or infectivity of chemical and microbial pest control agents. Requirement of any toxicity test include the need for a continuous supply of healthy, unstressed test organisms and for consistent experimental results (e.g., LC50 values). Tatem et al. (1976) found that adult P. pugio increased in sensitivity ( similar to 35%) to dodecyl sodium sulfate after a two-week holding time in the laboratory. This research determined if embryos from cultured adult grass shrimp exhibited consistent sensitivity to a single chemical, ethanol (EtOH). JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Foss, S S AU - Rayburn, J R AD - Gulf Ecol. Div., NHEERL, U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - Sep 1997 SP - 467 EP - 471 VL - 59 IS - 3 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Daggerblade grass shrimp KW - embryos KW - ethanol KW - toxicity testing KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Embryonic growth stage KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Palaemonetes pugio KW - Shrimp KW - alcohols KW - Embryos KW - Captivity KW - Ethanol KW - Marine KW - Biotesting KW - Test organisms KW - Brackish KW - Toxicity KW - Alcohols KW - Toxicity testing KW - Crustaceans KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24180:Social poisons & drug abuse KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16218924?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+culture+duration+on+toxicity+of+ethanol+to+developing+embryos+of+the+grass+shrimp%2C+Palaemonetes+pugio&rft.au=Foss%2C+S+S%3BRayburn%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Foss&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquatic organisms; Biotesting; Alcohols; Test organisms; Embryos; Toxicity; Captivity; Crustaceans; Chemicals; alcohols; Toxicity testing; Ethanol; Embryonic growth stage; Shrimp; Palaemonetes pugio; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Response to "Selecting chemicals and assays for assessing mammalian germ cell mutagenicity"[M.D. Shelby, Mutation Research, 352 159-167] AN - 16073825; 4107841 JF - Mutation Research AU - Cimino, M C AU - Auletta, A E AU - Dearfield, K L AD - Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics Risk Assessment Division (7403), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1997/09// PY - 1997 DA - Sep 1997 SP - 105 EP - 106 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 379 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - germ cells KW - genotoxicity testing KW - mammalian cells KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16073825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Response+to+%22Selecting+chemicals+and+assays+for+assessing+mammalian+germ+cell+mutagenicity%22%5BM.D.+Shelby%2C+Mutation+Research%2C+352+159-167%5D&rft.au=Cimino%2C+M+C%3BAuletta%2C+A+E%3BDearfield%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Cimino&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-09-01&rft.volume=379&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mammalian cells; germ cells; genotoxicity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of genotoxic substances in bivalve molluscs from the Saguenay Fjord (Canada), using the SOS chromotest. AN - 79271732; 9294028 AB - Few studies have employed bioassays to investigate the accumulation of genotoxins in aquatic biota that inhabit areas contaminated with industrial and municipal wastes. This study employed the SOS Chromotest, a short-term bacterial genotoxicity assay, to investigate the presence of genotoxins in bivalve molluscs from the Saguenay Fjord (Canada). Genotoxicity analyses were performed on dichloromethane extracts of Mya arenaria and Mytilus edulis collected downstream from several aluminum refineries and forestry products industries known to produce and release genotoxic substances. The results confirmed that bivalve molluscs inhabiting downstream regions are contaminated with both direct-acting and pro-genotoxic substances. In several cases, SOS response induction factors exceeded 3.0. The results failed to reveal a clear downstream trend of decreasing genotoxicity with increasing distance from the presumed industrial sources(s). A significant relationship (r2 = 0.61, p < 0.007) between a demographic variable (population near shoreline) and lipid-corrected genotoxic potency suggest that the accumulated direct-acting genotoxins may be of municipal origin. Significant relationships between tissue extract genotoxicity (r2 = 0.75, p < 0.003) and tissue PAH contamination (r2 = 0.77, p < 0.0001) and drainage basin area suggests that the bivalves are accumulating airborne contaminants deposited on the surface of the relevant drainage basins. In spite of contamination with genotoxic PAHs, the addition of rat liver microsomal enzymes reduced the genotoxic potency of all samples investigated (31-94% decrease). The results also revealed a significant relationship between tissue extract genotoxicity and PAH concentration (r2 = 0.72, p < 0.0005). Further analyses confirmed that a variable portion (7-97%) of the S9-activated tissue extract genotoxicity can be attributed to the detected PAHs. Although the sources, identity and effects of genotoxins accumulated by bivalves of the Saguenay Fjord remain to be determined, the study has confirmed the utility of the SOS Chromotest in environmental monitoring of aquatic biota. JF - Mutation research AU - White, P A AU - Blaise, C AU - Rasmussen, J B AD - Department of Biology, McGill University, Montréal, Que, Canada. White.Paul-A@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/08/14/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Aug 14 SP - 277 EP - 300 VL - 392 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Escherichia coli -- metabolism KW - Bivalvia -- chemistry KW - Biotransformation KW - Quebec KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Industrial Waste -- analysis KW - Industrial Waste -- statistics & numerical data KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - SOS Response (Genetics) KW - Mutagens -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Mollusca -- chemistry KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79271732?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Detection+of+genotoxic+substances+in+bivalve+molluscs+from+the+Saguenay+Fjord+%28Canada%29%2C+using+the+SOS+chromotest.&rft.au=White%2C+P+A%3BBlaise%2C+C%3BRasmussen%2C+J+B&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1997-08-14&rft.volume=392&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endocrine disruptor risk characterization: an EPA perspective. AN - 79344131; 9339482 AB - The characterization of risk to endocrine-disruptive agents may prove to be one of the greatest challenges that the risk assessment/regulatory community has ever faced. Why is this so? The endocrine system is actually many systems, having complex interactions and interdependencies. Normal endocrine function is often dependent on cyclical events, rather than steady-state. Timing is everything, as evidenced by significant differences in adverse outcome as a function of age and stage of development. Further, the consequences of concomitant exposures to endocrine-active substances in the diet or as therapeutic agents are poorly understood. So, how should risk characterization to these agents be approached? This presentation will include the description of current practices for addressing hormonally mediated cancer and noncancer effects and offer speculation on modifications to these approaches that might be necessary as our knowledge of this area increases. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Fenner-Crisp, P A AD - Office of Pesticide Programs (7501C), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 70 EP - 73 VL - 26 IS - 1 Pt 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Xenobiotics KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Risk Assessment KW - Endocrine System Diseases -- pathology KW - Endocrine System -- pathology KW - Endocrine System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Endocrine System -- drug effects KW - Xenobiotics -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79344131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Endocrine+disruptor+risk+characterization%3A+an+EPA+perspective.&rft.au=Fenner-Crisp%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Fenner-Crisp&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1+Pt+1&rft.spage=70&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1997-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity of three carrier solvents using embryos of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. AN - 79282973; 9294252 AB - Embryos of the grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) have shown sensitivity to the water soluble fraction of number 2 fuel oil. To determine the possible use of carrier solvents in grass shrimp bioassays, detailed concentration-response experiments for ethanol (EtOH), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), and acetone were performed and LC50 values were obtained using two test methods. The 4-d assay included development prior to the time of hatch through the time of hatch, a critical life stage of these embryos. The 12-d assay included development from the tissue cap stage embryos (late gastrula) through two days post-hatch. The average 4-d LC50s for EtOH, DMSO, and acetone were 12.07, 22.57, and 6.78 g/L, whereas the average 12-d LC50s were 3.63, 12.33, and 6.94 g/L, respectively. The coefficient of variation for each test was less than 25.2%. Based on concentration-response curves, the maximum allowable limit of EtOH, DMSO, and acetone to be used as a carrier in the grass shrimp embryo toxicity studies should be <1, <6, and <4 g/L, respectively. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Rayburn, J R AU - Fisher, W S AD - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, NHEERL, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561-5299, USA. Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 217 EP - 221 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Solvents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Biological Assay KW - Decapoda (Crustacea) -- embryology KW - Decapoda (Crustacea) -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79282973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+of+three+carrier+solvents+using+embryos+of+the+grass+shrimp%2C+Palaemonetes+pugio.&rft.au=Rayburn%2C+J+R%3BFisher%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Rayburn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salinity tolerance of Daphnia magna and potential use for estuarine sediment toxicity tests. AN - 79280475; 9294248 AB - Daphnia magna Straus, a common organism used for freshwater sediment toxicity tests, was evaluated to determine its tolerance to salinity and suitability for tests with estuarine water and sediments. Daphnids were exposed for 2 to 21 days to salinity in a variety of water-only tests, in tests with freshwater sediment overlain by salt water, and in tests with estuarine sediments overlain by freshwater. Daphnid age, test length, and temperature seemed to have little effect upon the range of LC50, NOAEL, and LOAEL values. LC50s for all tests ranged from 5.10 to 7.81 g/L, with a mean of 6.6 g/L salinity (measured conductivity 10.0 mS/cm) [corrected]. The mean NOAEL and LOAEL values based on production of young were 4.6 and 6.9 g/L salinity (measured conductivity 7.1 and 10.5 mS/cm) [corrected], respectively. The results indicate that D. magna will survive and reproduce well in water with salinities below 4 g/L and demonstrate the potential usefulness of this organism in monitoring sediment toxicity from both freshwater and estuarine wetland sites. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Stutzman, T W AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA. Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 194 EP - 198 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Sodium Chloride KW - 451W47IQ8X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Daphnia -- drug effects KW - Sodium Chloride -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79280475?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Salinity+tolerance+of+Daphnia+magna+and+potential+use+for+estuarine+sediment+toxicity+tests.&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BStutzman%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 1998 Jan;34(1):107 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of supplemental aeration in improving overloaded first-stage RBC performance AN - 755134405; 13635154 AB - A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of supplemental aeration in improving the performance of an rotating biological contactor (RBC) treatment system whose first and second stages were overloaded resulting in very low dissolved oxygen conditions and heavy beggiatoa growth thereby deteriorating process performance. A four-stage RBC having two parallel trains and treating combined municipal and industrial dairy wastewater was used to conduct the research. One train was provided with supplemental air in all stages and the other train, without supplemental air, was used as a control. Daily 24-hour compositie samples were collected at the influent to the RBC and at the end of each stage. Dissolved oxygen, pH, and temperature levels were measured in each stage. Samples were analyzed for soluble COD, ammonia nitrogen, total and volatile suspended solids. Samples were also analyzed for soluble BOD sub(5) and oxygen uptake rate once a week. The biomass thickness on the discs was measured and growth conditions were noted. The experimental results indicate that RBC units with supplemental aeration demonstrated remarkable performance and ability to adapt to differing organic loading rates. In addition, beggiatoa growth was completely eliminated with supplemental air thereby establishing thinner and active aerobic biomass. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Surampalli, Rao Y AU - Baumann, ERobert AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 17-2141, 66117, Kansas City, Kansas, U.S.A. Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - Aug 1997 SP - 1 EP - 15 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 98 IS - 1-2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Aeration KW - Beggiatoa KW - Dissolved oxygen KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755134405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Role+of+supplemental+aeration+in+improving+overloaded+first-stage+RBC+performance&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+Rao+Y%3BBaumann%2C+ERobert&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=Rao&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02128647 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Dissolved oxygen; Beggiatoa DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02128647 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reversibility of stream acidification in the Cairngorm region of Scotland AN - 52695688; 1997-055961 AB - Since 1984, stream chemistry and macroinvertebrate assemblages have been monitored in 17 headwater streams which drain the Cairngorm region of Scotland. Three streams were considered to be acidified (mean pH6.8, ANC>150mu eql (super -1) ). The acidified streams had impoverished macroinvertebrate faunas. All of the streams have exhibited a decline in non-marine sulphate concentrations over the last decade in response to reduced sulphur deposition. In the more acidic and acid-sensitive systems this has generally been matched by a corresponding increase in ANC. There is also evidence of an increase in the pH of the most acidic streams, though no increased diversity or abundance of acid mayfly macroinvertebrate taxa species have been observed. Further reductions in deposition and longer time for a reversal of soil acidification appear to be necessary before greater biotic recovery can occur. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Soulsby, C AU - Turnbull, D AU - Hirst, D AU - Langan, S J AU - Owen, R Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 291 EP - 311 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 195 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Grampian Highlands KW - buffers KW - reclamation KW - rivers and streams KW - Europe KW - ecosystems KW - Great Britain KW - remediation KW - controls KW - Invertebrata KW - ecology KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Cairngorm Mountains KW - hydrology KW - Western Europe KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - fresh-water environment KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - United Kingdom KW - biota KW - Scottish Highlands KW - Scotland KW - sulfur KW - acidification KW - fluvial environment KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52695688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Reversibility+of+stream+acidification+in+the+Cairngorm+region+of+Scotland&rft.au=Soulsby%2C+C%3BTurnbull%2C+D%3BHirst%2C+D%3BLangan%2C+S+J%3BOwen%2C+R&rft.aulast=Soulsby&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=195&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 44 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; bioremediation; biota; buffers; Cairngorm Mountains; controls; ecology; ecosystems; Europe; fluvial environment; fresh-water environment; geochemistry; Grampian Highlands; Great Britain; hydrochemistry; hydrology; Invertebrata; pH; pollution; reclamation; remediation; rivers and streams; Scotland; Scottish Highlands; sulfur; surface water; United Kingdom; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calculation of soil-water and benthic sediment partition coefficients for mercury AN - 52672336; 1997-071094 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Lyon, B F AU - Ambrose, R AU - Rice, G AU - Maxwell, C J Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 791 EP - 808 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 35 IS - 4 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - benthic taxa KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - soil-water interface KW - pollution KW - equilibrium KW - bioaccumulation KW - partitioning KW - transport KW - metals KW - erosion control KW - runoff KW - sediments KW - pore water KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52672336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Calculation+of+soil-water+and+benthic+sediment+partition+coefficients+for+mercury&rft.au=Lyon%2C+B+F%3BAmbrose%2C+R%3BRice%2C+G%3BMaxwell%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Lyon&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=791&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; bioaccumulation; equilibrium; erosion control; hydrology; mercury; metals; partitioning; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; pore water; runoff; sediments; soil-water interface; soils; surface water; transport; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proton generation by dissolution of intrinsic or augmented aluminosilicate minerals for in situ contaminant remediation by zero-valence-state iron AN - 52432433; 1999-067297 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Powell, Robert M AU - Puls, Robert W Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 2244 EP - 2251 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - silicates KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - contaminant plumes KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - chemical reactions KW - aluminosilicates KW - chemical properties KW - valency KW - disposal barriers KW - montmorillonite KW - corrosion KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - dehalogenation KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - rates KW - kaolinite KW - preventive measures KW - ferrous iron KW - clay minerals KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - dechlorination KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52432433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Proton+generation+by+dissolution+of+intrinsic+or+augmented+aluminosilicate+minerals+for+in+situ+contaminant+remediation+by+zero-valence-state+iron&rft.au=Powell%2C+Robert+M%3BPuls%2C+Robert+W&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2244&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminosilicates; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical properties; chemical reactions; clay minerals; contaminant plumes; corrosion; dechlorination; dehalogenation; disposal barriers; ferric iron; ferrous iron; ground water; in situ; iron; kaolinite; metals; montmorillonite; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; rates; remediation; sheet silicates; silicates; solutes; valency; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitation reference compounds and VOC recoveries from soils by purge-and-trap GC/MS AN - 52430424; 1999-067298 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Schumacher, Brian A AU - Ward, Steven E Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 2287 EP - 2291 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - precision KW - detection limit KW - toluene KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - volatiles KW - sample preparation KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - volatile organic compounds KW - quality control KW - hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52430424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Quantitation+reference+compounds+and+VOC+recoveries+from+soils+by+purge-and-trap+GC%2FMS&rft.au=Schumacher%2C+Brian+A%3BWard%2C+Steven+E&rft.aulast=Schumacher&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; concentration; decontamination; detection; detection limit; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; organic compounds; pollution; porous materials; precision; quality control; remediation; sample preparation; soils; toluene; transport; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption/desorption of radioactive contaminants by sediment from the Kara Sea AN - 52367484; 2000-027320 JF - The Science of the Total Environment AU - Fuhrmann, Mark AU - Zhou, Huan AU - Neiheisel, James AU - Schoonen, Martin A A AU - Dyer, Robert A2 - Strand, Per A2 - Howard, Brenda A2 - Cooke, Andrew Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 5 EP - 24 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 202 IS - 1-3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - sea water KW - isotopes KW - Am-241 KW - lead KW - radioactive waste KW - partitioning KW - marine sediments KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mineral composition KW - cesium KW - sediments KW - Arctic Ocean KW - kinetics KW - technetium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - Tc-99 KW - Sr-85 KW - Kara Sea KW - Cs-137 KW - metals KW - americium KW - waste disposal KW - actinides KW - strontium KW - Pb-210 KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52367484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Sorption%2Fdesorption+of+radioactive+contaminants+by+sediment+from+the+Kara+Sea&rft.au=Fuhrmann%2C+Mark%3BZhou%2C+Huan%3BNeiheisel%2C+James%3BSchoonen%2C+Martin+A+A%3BDyer%2C+Robert&rft.aulast=Fuhrmann&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=202&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second symposium and international conference on Environmental radioactivity in the Arctic N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; Am-241; americium; Arctic Ocean; cesium; Cs-137; desorption; isotopes; Kara Sea; kinetics; lead; marine sediments; metals; mineral composition; partitioning; Pb-210; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; sea water; sediments; sorption; Sr-85; strontium; Tc-99; technetium; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment methodology for karst aquifers; 2, Solute-transport modeling AN - 52164384; 2001-079142 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Field, Malcolm S Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 23 EP - 37 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - solute transport KW - karst hydrology KW - karst KW - calibration KW - fluid dynamics KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - hydrodynamics KW - mobility KW - experimental studies KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - models KW - ethylbenzene KW - organic compounds KW - residence time KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - carbonate rocks KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52164384?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+methodology+for+karst+aquifers%3B+2%2C+Solute-transport+modeling&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; calibration; carbonate rocks; chemical dispersion; ethylbenzene; experimental studies; fluid dynamics; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; hydrodynamics; karst; karst hydrology; mathematical models; migration of elements; mobility; models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; residence time; risk assessment; sedimentary rocks; simulation; solute transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment methodology for karst aquifers; 1, Estimating karst conduit-flow parameters AN - 52162515; 2001-079141 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Field, Malcolm S AU - Nash, Stephen G Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 1 EP - 21 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 47 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - solute transport KW - computer languages KW - karst hydrology KW - data processing KW - karst KW - fluid dynamics KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Fortran KW - tracers KW - hydrodynamics KW - mobility KW - monitoring KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - residence time KW - risk assessment KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - carbonate rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52162515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+methodology+for+karst+aquifers%3B+1%2C+Estimating+karst+conduit-flow+parameters&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S%3BNash%2C+Stephen+G&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carbonate rocks; chemical dispersion; computer languages; computer programs; data processing; fluid dynamics; Fortran; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrodynamics; karst; karst hydrology; mathematical models; migration of elements; mobility; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; residence time; risk assessment; sedimentary rocks; solute transport; tracers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of sediment homogenization on interstitial water PCB geochemistry AN - 51492473; 2007-017223 JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Burgess, R M AU - McKinney, R A Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - August 1997 SP - 125 EP - 129 PB - Springer, New York, NY VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - sedimentation KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51492473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+sediment+homogenization+on+interstitial+water+PCB+geochemistry&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BMcKinney%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(4rb2jbyxcwtb1he1c13ybdmm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100119,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AECTCV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; chemical composition; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; colloidal materials; concentration; halogenated hydrocarbons; organic carbon; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; pore water; sedimentation; sediments; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field test of nonfuel hydrocarbon bioventing in clayey-sand soil AN - 16547323; 4381967 AB - A pilot-scale bioventing test was conducted at the Greenwood Chemical Superfund Site in Virginia. The characteristics of the site included clayey-sand soils and nonfuel organic contamination such as acetone, toluene, and naphthalene in the vadose zone. Based on the results of an earlier treatability study, an 80-ft by 80-ft (24-m by 24-m) treatment plot was established in a 35-ft (11-m) vadose zone. Air was injected at a low flowrate for 15 months. Performance monitoring included initial and final soil analysis and periodic soil gas analysis and in situ respiration tests. After beginning aeration, soil gas oxygen levels in the plot rose slowly, reaching 10% at virtually all measured locations in approximately 4 months. In situ respiration rates decreased with time indicating that the site was being cleaned. Soil concentrations of the target contaminants decreased significantly during the test, with > 98% confidence for acetone, naphthalene, benzene, chlorobenzene, and toluene, and > 90% confidence for 1,2-dichloroethane. Almost 80% of the initial mass of the target contamination was acetone. The bioventing system removed approximately 60 kg of acetone. The total oxygen consumed, estimated from respiration rates, was more than 80 times that needed to degrade the mass of contaminants removed as measured by soil analysis. Thus, it is likely that most if not all of the removal of the target compounds was attributable to biodegradation. JF - Bioremediation Journal AU - Sayles, G D AU - Leeson, A AU - Trizinsky, MA AU - Rotstein, P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - Aug 1997 SP - 123 EP - 133 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1088-9868, 1088-9868 KW - USA, Virginia KW - bioventing KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Soil remediation KW - Biodegradation KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Superfund KW - Waste disposal sites KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16547323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.atitle=Field+test+of+nonfuel+hydrocarbon+bioventing+in+clayey-sand+soil&rft.au=Sayles%2C+G+D%3BLeeson%2C+A%3BTrizinsky%2C+MA%3BRotstein%2C+P&rft.aulast=Sayles&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation+Journal&rft.issn=10889868&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Soil remediation; Waste disposal sites; Hydrocarbons; Superfund; Biodegradation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal in sequential batch reactors AN - 16420389; 4330109 AB - A study was conducted to evaluate the biological nutrient removal performance of three full-scale sequential batch reactor (SBR) plants. The plants were designed to handle an average flow of 0.023, 0.025, 0.001 m super(3)/s, respectively. These SBR systems were designed to achieve nitrification, denitrification and biological phosphorus removal. Influent and effluent samples were analyzed for CBOD sub(5), TSS, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, total phosphorus, pH and temperature. The SBR performance data show that typical SBR designs can meet effluent CBOD sub(5) and TSS concentrations of less than 10 mg/l. With some additional design modifications, SBRs can successfully nitrify to limits of 1-2 mg/l NH sub(3)-N. They also appear to achieve phosphorus removal, if desired, without chemicals addition to less than 1.0 mg/l. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Tyagi, R D AU - Scheible, OK AU - Heidman, JA AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, P.O. Box 17-2141, Kansas City, KS 66117, USA Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - Aug 1997 SP - 151 EP - 157 VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - ammonia KW - nitrate KW - nitrogen KW - nutrient removal KW - phosphorus KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Batch culture KW - Denitrification KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16420389?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Nitrification%2C+denitrification+and+phosphorus+removal+in+sequential+batch+reactors&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BTyagi%2C+R+D%3BScheible%2C+OK%3BHeidman%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Denitrification ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improvements to the EPA industrial source complex dispersion model AN - 16254870; 4238564 AB - Air quality models are a key component in determining air pollution control requirements. The Industrial Source Complex (ISC2) model is a steady-state Gaussian plume model that is used for modeling point, area, volume, and line sources. Since its development in the 1970s by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, this widely used model has undergone several updates as state-of-the-science techniques have become available. Some of the recent modifications to the ISC2 model include a numerically efficient area-source algorithm tested in wind tunnel experiments, a dry-deposition algorithm that can account for a full range of particle size distributions, an algorithm for calculating wet-deposition flux using the scavenging coefficient approach, and an algorithm for modeling open-pit sources. These modifications, which are part of the current ISCST3 model, are described in detail within this paper. In addition, a plume depletion model demonstration was performed to compare observed and estimated-crosswind integrated concentrations of a depositing tracer as functions of travel time and stability. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Atkinson, D G AU - Bailey, D T AU - Irwin, J S AU - Touma, J S AD - Atmospheric Sciences Modeling Div., ARL, NOAA (EPA, MD-14), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - Aug 1997 SP - 1088 EP - 1095 VL - 36 IS - 8 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16254870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Improvements+to+the+EPA+industrial+source+complex+dispersion+model&rft.au=Atkinson%2C+D+G%3BBailey%2C+D+T%3BIrwin%2C+J+S%3BTouma%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Atkinson&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1088&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Frank Pasquill memorial issue. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving concentration measures used for evaluating air quality models AN - 16253795; 4238565 AB - An unfortunate difficulty in model evaluation is that the concentration measure that most models predict, namely the ensemble mean concentration under the plume centerline (or at some location relative to the plume centerline), cannot be measured directly. The problem can be ameliorated by judicious selection of a concentration measure against which to compare model predictions. Insufficient attention has been given in the past to the selection of an appropriate measure for use in air quality model evaluation studies, which may have resulted in biases in the results of those studies. Some studies have used the maximum concentrations along the arc (arc maximum) as the measure of choice. In this paper, the authors have considered two additional candidate measures, the fitted maximum concentrations and the near-centerline concentrations, which, intuitively, relate more closely to the ensemble mean concentrations. This study shows that the maximum concentrations along the arc are significantly higher than either the fitted maxima or the near-centerline concentrations. In addition, of the latter two measures, the authors conclude that use of the near-centerline concentration is preferable to the use of fitted maximum for the purposes of evaluating model performance. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Lee, R F AU - Irwin, J S AD - Atmos. Sci. Modeling Div., ARL, NOAA (EPA, MD 14), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - Aug 1997 SP - 1107 EP - 1112 VL - 36 IS - 8 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16253795?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Improving+concentration+measures+used+for+evaluating+air+quality+models&rft.au=Lee%2C+R+F%3BIrwin%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Frank Pasquill memorial issue. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicant-induced acceleration of epididymal sperm transit: Androgen-dependent proteins may be involved AN - 16223828; 4215984 AB - Previously we established that a 4-d exposure to chloroethylmethanesulphonate (CEMS), a chemical that significantly reduces serum testosterone (T) levels, resulted in a significant decrease in cauda epididymal sperm reserves in adult male rats while homogenization-resistant testicular spermatid numbers were unaffected. This epididymis-specific alteration occurred whether or not circulating T levels were maintained using T-filled Silastic implants. To determine whether this epididymis-specific decrease in sperm number was the result of decreased epididymal transit time, the vas deferens was ligated at its midpoint just prior to the first of 4 d of exposure to CEMS with and without T implantation. If epididymal sperm transit was accelerated due to treatment, there would be fewer sperm in the caput/corpus and more sperm in the cauda/vas of the treated animals compared to control. The number of sperm in the caput/corpus decreased significantly (P < 0.05) while the number of sperm in the cauda/vas increased significantly in both the CEMS and CEMS + T animals. Daily sperm production was unaffected, but transit time through the caput/corpus epididymidis was decreased significantly in both treatment groups. To determine if testicular fluid played a role in the epididymis-specific decline in sperm numbers, the efferent ducts were ligated at the same time the vas deferens was ligated. Again, the number of sperm in the caput/corpus decreased significantly with treatment while there was a reciprocal increase in the number of cauda/vas sperm relative to controls. Finally, to determine whether an androgen-mediated process might be involved, the known antiandrogen hydroxyflutamide (HFLUT) was given to castrated, T-implanted animals in which the fertilizing ability of epididymidal sperm is maintained over 4 days. Once again, the number of sperm in the caput/corpus decreased significantly while there was a reciprocal increase in cauda/vas sperm. A quantitative evaluation of the protein profile in homogenates of the caput/corpus epididymidis revealed treatment-related diminutions in two proteins CC9 (Mr = 42 kDa, pI = 4.2) and CC34 (Mr = 35 kDa, pI = 5.5), and the level of each of these proteins in the caput/corpus was significantly correlated with the decrease in caput/corpus sperm number. Thus, both CEMS and HFLUT accelerate sperm transit through the proximal segment of the epididymis; and, while this effect is not dependent on the testis, it may involve a lesion in androgen-dependent epididymal function. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Suarez, J D AD - NHEERL, RTD, MD #72, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - Aug 1997 SP - 511 EP - 519 VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - androgens KW - chloroethylmethanesulfonate KW - epididymis KW - hydroxyflutamide KW - proteins KW - rats KW - spermatozoa KW - testes KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16223828?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicant-induced+acceleration+of+epididymal+sperm+transit%3A+Androgen-dependent+proteins+may+be+involved&rft.au=Klinefelter%2C+G+R%3BSuarez%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Klinefelter&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ammonia tolerance of the bivalve Mulinia lateralis sublethal sediment toxicity test AN - 16223167; 4218499 AB - A standard methods manual for a ten-day juvenile Mulinia lateralis toxicity test was prepared recently for U.S. EPA Region VI as part of their dredged materials regulatory program. The method is based on the bivalve M. lateralis sublethal whole sediment toxicity test described by Burgess and Morrison (1994). As the manual was prepared, an additional aspect of the method was investigated: species ammonia tolerance. Water-only ammonia toxicity tests were conducted followed by ammonia-flushing studies to determine the residence times of various concentrations of naturally-occurring sediment ammonia in the method exposure chambers. Ammonia, which can be found at high environmental concentrations in sediments, is a concern in sediment testing because it has been shown to cause toxicity. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Huber, M AU - Pelletier, M C AU - Charles, J B AU - Burgess, R M AD - U.S. EPA, NHEERL, Atlantic Ecology Division, 27 Tarzwell Drive, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - Aug 1997 SP - 292 EP - 297 VL - 59 IS - 2 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - ammonia KW - sediment pollution KW - toxicity testing KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Tolerance KW - Mulinia lateralis KW - Toxicity tests KW - Testing procedures KW - Mollusks KW - Marine KW - Pollution tolerance KW - Sediment pollution KW - Ammonia KW - Toxicity KW - Bivalvia KW - Toxicity testing KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16223167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Ammonia+tolerance+of+the+bivalve+Mulinia+lateralis+sublethal+sediment+toxicity+test&rft.au=Huber%2C+M%3BPelletier%2C+M+C%3BCharles%2C+J+B%3BBurgess%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Huber&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Pollution tolerance; Tolerance; Ammonia; Toxicity; Toxicity tests; Mollusks; Toxicity testing; Bivalvia; Testing procedures; Mulinia lateralis; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aboveground biomass distribution of US eastern hardwood forests and the use of large trees as an indicator of forest development AN - 16059896; 4107440 AB - Past clearing and harvesting of the deciduous hardwood forests of eastern USA released large amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, but through recovery and regrowth these forests are now accumulating atmospheric carbon (C). This study examined quantities and distribution of aboveground biomass density (AGBD, Mg/ha) of US eastern hardwood forests and assessed their biological potential for continued biomass accumulation in the future. Studies have shown that the presence of a large proportion of the AGBD of moist tropical forests in large diameter trees (>70 cm diameter) is indicative of mature and undisturbed conditions. This relationship was tested as a criterion for the eastern US deciduous forests to assess their stage of recovery and maturity, and evaluate their potential for continued C storage. The approach was to compare AGBD and its distribution in large trees for old-growth forests derived from published studies and for oak-hickory and maple-beech-birch forests using the extensive US Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) data base. Old-growth forests generally had AGBD of 220-260 Mg/ha with up to 30% in trees with diameter >70 cm. In contrast, maximum AGBD for the FIA units was about 175-185 Mg/ha with 8%-10% in large trees. Most units, however, were below these maximum values, suggesting that the forests represented by the FIA inventory are in various stages of recovery from past disturbance. Biologically, therefore, they have the potential to accumulate significant quantities of additional biomass, if left unharvested, and thus storing atmospheric C into the future. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Brown, S AU - Schroeder, P AU - Birdsey, R AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - Aug 1997 SP - 37 EP - 47 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 96 IS - 1-2 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - forests KW - disturbance KW - USA KW - biomass KW - trees KW - carbon cycle KW - old growth KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16059896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Synthesis+and+characterization+of+adducts+of+alachlor+and+2-chloro-N-%282%2C6-diethylphenyl%29acetamide+with+2%27-deoxyguanosine%2C+thymidine%2C+and+their+3%27-monophosphates.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BAgarwal%2C+S+C%3BPadgett%2C+W+T%3BLambert%2C+G+R%3BBoone%2C+P%3BRichard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; biomass; carbon cycle; disturbance; forests; trees; old growth ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution exposure-DNA adduct dosimetry in humans and rodents: Evidence for non-linearity at high doses AN - 16033573; 4089473 AB - The impact of air pollution exposure on the level of total DNA adducts in human white blood cells (WBCs) was evaluated in two populations in the Czech Republic and compared to the exposure-DNA adduct relationship in other populations in the US and China in human lung cells and rodent lung tissue. The human populations examined were exposed to respirable particles (200000 ng/m3. At low to moderate environmental exposures to carcinogenic PAHs, DNA adduct levels in the WBCs were significantly correlated with exposure. However, at the higher occupational levels found on the coke oven, the exposure-DNA adduct relationship became non-linear. Under these high exposure conditions, the relative DNA adduct level per unit of exposure (DNA-binding potency) was significantly lower than measured at environmental exposures. This finding is consistent with observations in lung cells from bronchoalveolar lavage of humans exposed to a wide range of PAH. This same high exposure-dose non-linearity was also observed in lung DNA from rats exposed by inhalation to a coal-tar pitch aerosol. DNA adduct levels in all these cases show evidence of a form of non-linearity at high doses that has been described by Lutz (W.K. Lutz, Dose-response relationship and low dose extrapolation in chemical carcinogenesis, Carcinogenesis, 11 (1990) 1243-1247) as a superlinear dose response. This superlinear response may be due to saturation of metabolic activation enzymes, induction of either DNA repair processes or detoxification enzymes, or other mechanisms. Regardless of the mechanism, this decrease in the DNA-binding potency at moderate to high doses of PAH has important implications for dose-response extrapolation in risk assessment. JF - Mutation Research AU - Lewtas, J AU - Walsh, D AU - Williams, R AU - Dobias, L AD - Epidemiology and Biomarker Branch, MD 58-C, Human Studies Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - Aug 1997 SP - 51 EP - 63 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 378 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - man KW - rodents KW - DNA adducts KW - dosimetry KW - China KW - petroleum KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - occupational exposure KW - coke KW - air pollution KW - coal KW - pollution effects KW - Czech Rep. KW - lung KW - USA KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - China, People's Rep. KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16033573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+exposure-DNA+adduct+dosimetry+in+humans+and+rodents%3A+Evidence+for+non-linearity+at+high+doses&rft.au=Lewtas%2C+J%3BWalsh%2C+D%3BWilliams%2C+R%3BDobias%2C+L&rft.aulast=Lewtas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=378&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Czech Rep.; USA; China, People's Rep.; coal; petroleum; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; coke; air pollution; lung; occupational exposure; pollution effects; DNA adducts; dosimetry ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Test results for fuel-cell operation on landfill gas AN - 15954112; 4060971 AB - Test results from a demonstration of fuel-cell (FC) energy recovery and control of landfill gas emissions are presented. The project addressed two major issues: (i) the design, construction, and testing of a landfill-gas cleanup system; and (ii) a field test of a commercial phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) power plant operating on the cleaned landfill gas. A summary of test results on the cleanup system and FC operational data are given. These results may encourage the use of landfill gas in FCs, one of the cleanest energy-conversion technologies available. JF - Energy (Oxford) AU - Spiegel, R J AU - Trocciola, J C AU - Preston, J L AD - Natl. Risk Manag. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/08// PY - 1997 DA - Aug 1997 SP - 777 EP - 786 VL - 22 IS - 8 SN - 0360-5442, 0360-5442 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - landfills KW - pollution clean-up KW - emission control KW - energy recovery KW - gases KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15954112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Test+results+for+fuel-cell+operation+on+landfill+gas&rft.au=Spiegel%2C+R+J%3BTrocciola%2C+J+C%3BPreston%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Spiegel&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-08-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=777&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Energy+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=03605442&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - landfills; gases; energy recovery; emission control; pollution clean-up ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a standard reference material for diesel mutagenicity in the Salmonella plate incorporation assay. AN - 79230899; 9268049 AB - The present study documents the mutagenicity of a new National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standard reference material (SRM) in the Salmonella plate incorporation assay. This study is in response to a previous recommendation by the World Health Organization to develop large batches of new SRMs for biological and chemical research. SRM 1975 is a dichloromethane (DCM) extract of 5.6 kg of filter-collected combustion particulate matter (SRM 2975) from operating forklifts with diesel engines. The mutagenicity and a summary of the related chemical analysis of mutagens in SRM 1975 is presented in this paper, and are available from the NIST. Mutagenicity test conditions were: Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100 (standard strains); TA98NR, TA100NR (nitroreductase (NR) gene deficient); and YG1021 and YG1026 (NR gene addition); 10 dose levels in the linear portion of the dose-response curve; duplicate plates per dose; and S9 at 6.4% or 1.1 mg of protein/plate. Four rounds of testing were conducted. Rounds were conducted at least 1 week apart. Slopes (revertants/microg) were calculated by the linear regression rejection model of Bernstein and by the Stead and Krewski models which analyze non-linear data. The GeneTox Manager software package developed at the EPA was used to record the data and calculate the slopes. Results demonstrated: (1) the ranking of slopes without S9 was: YG1021 > TA98 > TA98NR > YG1026 > TA100 > TA100NR in all three statistical models; (2) the mutagenic activity of SRM 1975 was significantly increased by the presence of the NR gene; (3) the slope values for the TA100 series were significantly less than for the TA98 series; (4) in general, the addition of the S9 significantly reduced mutagenic activity; (5) the mutagenic activity of the SRM 1975 was stable over time and variability was low (generally less than 20% in slope values over the 4 rounds); and (6) agreement of the slope values among the three models was excellent due to the linear nature of the data. These data will be useful in ranking other diesel and air samples for mutagenic activity, for quality assurance of data generated in different laboratories, for quality control within a laboratory, and as positive control values for future air and automotive emission studies. JF - Mutation research AU - Hughes, T J AU - Lewtas, J AU - Claxton, L D AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/07/14/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Jul 14 SP - 243 EP - 258 VL - 391 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Reference Values KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Vehicle Emissions -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79230899?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+standard+reference+material+for+diesel+mutagenicity+in+the+Salmonella+plate+incorporation+assay.&rft.au=Hughes%2C+T+J%3BLewtas%2C+J%3BClaxton%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1997-07-14&rft.volume=391&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-11 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methoxychlor as a model for environmental estrogens. AN - 79234239; 9263644 AB - Estrogens can have a variety of physiological effects, especially on the reproductive system. Chemicals with estrogenic activity that are present in the environment may thus be considered potentially hazardous to development and/or reproduction. Methoxychlor is one such chemical, a chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticide with proestrogenic activity. Metabolism of the chemical either in vivo or using liver microsomes produces 2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)- 1,1,1-trichloroethane (HPTE), the active estrogenic form, and the delineation of this mechanism is reviewed herein. When administered in vivo, methoxychlor has adverse effects on fertility, early pregnancy, and in utero development in females as well as adverse effects on adult males such as altered social behavior following prenatal exposure to methoxychlor. Effects of methoxychlor on the female have been studied extensively, whereas reports on the chemical's effects on males are less common. From the studies reviewed here, the reproductive toxicity of methoxychlor is evident, but the significance of this toxicity with respect to human health remains to be determined. JF - Critical reviews in toxicology AU - Cummings, A M AD - Endocrinology Branch, NHEERL, USEPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - July 1997 SP - 367 EP - 379 VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 1040-8444, 1040-8444 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Estrogens, Non-Steroidal KW - Insecticides KW - Methoxychlor KW - RIA79UD69L KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Estrogens, Non-Steroidal -- toxicity KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Methoxychlor -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79234239?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+reviews+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Methoxychlor+as+a+model+for+environmental+estrogens.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+reviews+in+toxicology&rft.issn=10408444&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-23 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The ototoxicity of trichloroethylene: extrapolation and relevance of high-concentration, short-duration animal exposure data. AN - 79232513; 9268609 AB - Inhalation exposure to high concentrations of 1,1, 2-trichloroethylene (TCE) has been shown to damage hearing in the mid-frequency range in the rat. The present study directly evaluated the adequacy of high-concentration, short-term exposures to TCE for predicting the neurotoxicity produced by longer duration exposures. Adult male Long-Evans rats (n = 10-12 per group) were exposed to TCE via inhalation (whole body) in 1-m3 stainless steel flow-through chambers for 6 hr/day, 5 days/week. The following exposures were used: 1 day (4000-8000 ppm), 1 week (1000-4000 ppm), 4 weeks (800-3200 ppm), and 13 weeks (800-3200 ppm). Air-only exposed animals served as controls. Auditory thresholds were determined for a 16-kHz tone 3-5 weeks after exposure using reflex modification audiometry. Results replicated previous findings of a hearing loss at 16 kHz for all exposure durations. The dB15 concentrations (concentration that increases thresholds by 15 dB) for 16-kHz thresholds were 6218, 2992, 2592, and 2160 ppm for the 1-day, 1-week, 4-week and 13-week exposures, respectively. These data demonstrate that the ototoxicity of TCE was less than that predicted by a strict concentration x time relationship. These data also demonstrate that simple models of extrapolation (i.e., C x t = k, Haber's Law) overestimate the potency of TCE when extrapolating from short-duration to longer-duration exposures. Furthermore, these data suggest that, relative to ambient or occupational exposures, the ototoxicity of TCE in the rat is a high-concentration effect. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Crofton, K M AU - Zhao, X AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711, USA. crofton.kevin@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - July 1997 SP - 101 EP - 106 VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Solvents KW - 0 KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrophotometry, Infrared KW - Rats KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Audiometry KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Male KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Hearing Loss, Sensorineural -- chemically induced KW - Trichloroethylene -- administration & dosage KW - Auditory Threshold -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- administration & dosage KW - Trichloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79232513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+ototoxicity+of+trichloroethylene%3A+extrapolation+and+relevance+of+high-concentration%2C+short-duration+animal+exposure+data.&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BZhao%2C+X&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1998-01-02 N1 - Date created - 1998-01-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer risk assessment for crystalline silica. AN - 79174083; 9246597 JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Collins, J F AU - Marty, M A AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, USA. jcollins@hw1.cahwnet.gov PY - 1997 SP - 359 EP - 365 VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Silicon Dioxide -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79174083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Cancer+risk+assessment+for+crystalline+silica.&rft.au=Collins%2C+J+F%3BMarty%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil derived dust as a source of silica: aerosol properties, emissions, deposition, and transport. AN - 79171860; 9246593 AB - Quartz is an abundant mineral in wind generated dust throughout the United States. Of the 18.9 million tons of particles smaller than 10 microns (PM10) dust emitted into the atmosphere by the wind, a significant fraction is silica. Transport of some of this silica to populated areas is possible. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Gillette, D AD - Air Resources Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. gillette.dale@epamail.epa.gov PY - 1997 SP - 303 EP - 311 VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Air Pollutants KW - Dust KW - Soil KW - Quartz KW - 14808-60-7 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Aerosols -- analysis KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Mechanics KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Quartz -- analysis KW - Air Movements KW - Silicon Dioxide -- analysis KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Wind KW - Silicon Dioxide -- adverse effects KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79171860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Soil+derived+dust+as+a+source+of+silica%3A+aerosol+properties%2C+emissions%2C+deposition%2C+and+transport.&rft.au=Gillette%2C+D&rft.aulast=Gillette&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Noncancer inhalation toxicology of crystalline silica: exposure-response assessment. AN - 79168927; 9246596 AB - Silicosis from inhalation of silica has long been recognized as an occupational hazard. Concern has arisen regarding the potential risk of silicosis from ambient silica (primarily quartz dust). This presentation reviews available data regarding ambient silica levels and estimates of the risk of silicosis at low exposure levels as they relate to the current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for particulate matter. Current data indicate that for individuals not compromised by other respiratory ailments and for ambient environments expected to sustain 10% or less silica fraction in particulate matter with a mean aerodynamic diameter of < or = 10 microns (PM10), maintenance of the 50 micrograms/m3 annual NAAQS for PM10 is adequate to protect against fibrotic effects from ambient silica exposures. Issues such as the large divergence of risk estimates within the occupational setting (particularly at high cumulative exposures) and factors to consider for extrapolating risk in an occupational setting to risk from ambient exposure are discussed. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Gift, J S AU - Faust, R A AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. gift.jeff@epamail.epa.gov PY - 1997 SP - 345 EP - 358 VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Quartz KW - 14808-60-7 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Animals KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Logistic Models KW - Humans KW - Quartz -- adverse effects KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Silicosis -- epidemiology KW - Time Factors KW - Risk Assessment KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- etiology KW - Environmental Exposure -- standards KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- epidemiology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Silicon Dioxide -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79168927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Noncancer+inhalation+toxicology+of+crystalline+silica%3A+exposure-response+assessment.&rft.au=Gift%2C+J+S%3BFaust%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Stober&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=991&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory studies on silica induced toxicity and relationship to carcinogenicity. AN - 79168237; 9246590 AB - A review of published laboratory studies was undertaken to provide insight into the biologic basis for silica induced lung toxicity. Experimental animals exhibit markers of silica induced toxicity similar to those exhibited by humans and may also provide a model for resistant populations. Cell culture studies are useful to discern the roles of specific lung cell types and cell mediators in the development of silica induced fibrotic events. The biochemical relationships between silica induced fibrosis and carcinogenesis have not been fully established. Temporal and dose-response relationships for events linking the two endpoints are unknown. Research in this area will provide a more complete understanding of the relationship between the two disease states and hence of the role of silica exposure in human disease. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Rabovsky, J AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. berkeley.jrabovsk@hw1.cahwnet.gov PY - 1997 SP - 267 EP - 278 VL - 7 IS - 3 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Phospholipids KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Fibroblasts -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Phospholipids -- metabolism KW - Lung -- cytology KW - Cell Culture Techniques KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Mutagenesis KW - Neutrophils -- drug effects KW - Cell Communication -- drug effects KW - Cell Transformation, Neoplastic -- chemically induced KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- physiopathology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- etiology KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- physiopathology KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Silicon Dioxide -- toxicity KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- toxicity KW - Silicosis -- physiopathology KW - Silicon Dioxide -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79168237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Laboratory+studies+on+silica+induced+toxicity+and+relationship+to+carcinogenicity.&rft.au=Rabovsky%2C+J&rft.aulast=Rabovsky&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smart Growth. A Challenge for Urban Infrastructure Development AN - 759312318; 13593717 AB - As urban development and redevelopment practices evolve, infrastructure, housing, and other public service policies should consider current thinking on "best development practices, " or what is now called "Smart Growth. " This commentary builds on a number of recent publications and on the work of academics, developers, architects, and others known by some as "new urbanists, " who provide best practices to guide development strategies, innovative land use patterns, and infrastructure projects. JF - Public Works Management & Policy AU - Tregoning, Harriet AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - Jul 1997 SP - 3 EP - 8 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1087-724X, 1087-724X KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - Housing KW - Land use KW - Urban planning KW - best practices KW - innovations KW - infrastructure KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/759312318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Works+Management+%26+Policy&rft.atitle=Smart+Growth.+A+Challenge+for+Urban+Infrastructure+Development&rft.au=Tregoning%2C+Harriet&rft.aulast=Tregoning&rft.aufirst=Harriet&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Works+Management+%26+Policy&rft.issn=1087724X&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1087724X9700200101 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-03-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Urban planning; best practices; Housing; innovations; infrastructure; Land use DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087724X9700200101 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human domination of Earth's ecosystems AN - 52678266; 1997-064581 JF - Science AU - Vitousek, Peter M AU - Mooney, Harold A AU - Lubchenco, Jane AU - Melillo, Jerry M Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - July 1997 SP - 494 EP - 499 PB - American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington, DC VL - 277 IS - 5325 SN - 0036-8075, 0036-8075 KW - fixation KW - human activity KW - biochemistry KW - extinction KW - global change KW - effects KW - ecosystems KW - greenhouse effect KW - water resources KW - nitrogen KW - geochemical cycle KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52678266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.atitle=Human+domination+of+Earth%27s+ecosystems&rft.au=Vitousek%2C+Peter+M%3BMooney%2C+Harold+A%3BLubchenco%2C+Jane%3BMelillo%2C+Jerry+M&rft.aulast=Vitousek&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=277&rft.issue=5325&rft.spage=494&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science&rft.issn=00368075&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencemag.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 58 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SCIEAS N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; ecosystems; effects; extinction; fixation; geochemical cycle; global change; greenhouse effect; human activity; nitrogen; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of cyanide and iron-cyanide complexes to Australian bass Macquaria novemaculeata and black bream Acanthopagrus butcheri AN - 16263379; 4265051 AB - Acute toxicity data were obtained for NaCN and iron-cyanide complexes to two marine fish species, the Australian bass Macquaria novemaculeata and the black bream Acanthopagrus butcheri, in tests involving daily static renewal. The free and total cyanide concentrations were measured before and after each daily renewal, and the values showed that the average loss of free cyanide over 96 h did not exceed 16%. The estimated 96-h LC50 values as total CN for NaCN, K sub(3)Fe(CN) sub(6) and K sub(4)Fe(CN) sub(6) were 0.109, 2.83 and 285 mg L super(-1), respectively for M. novemaculeata, and 0.070, 1.73 and 20.5 mg L super(-1), respectively for A. butcheri. The 96-h LC50 values obtained for NaCN (or free cyanide) for both fish species were within the range of acute values reported by other authors for different fish species. The toxicity of the complexes was consistent with the significant toxic component being free cyanide (the sum of HCN and CN). The difference in toxicities of ferri- and ferrocyanide was due to differences in extent of dissociation to free cyanide, as affected by reaction thermodynamics and kinetics, photolysis and HCN losses. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Pablo, F AU - Buckney, R T AU - Lim, R P AD - Centre for Ecotoxicology, NSW EPA/UTS, Westbourne St, Gore Hill, NSW 2065 Australia Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - Jul 1997 SP - 75 EP - 84 VL - 2 IS - 2 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - Australia KW - cyanide KW - ferricyanide KW - ferrocyanide KW - iron KW - marine organisms KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Cyanides KW - Macquaria novemaculeata KW - Toxicity tests KW - Water quality control KW - Marine fish KW - Cyanide KW - Acanthopagrus butcheri KW - Toxicity testing KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16263379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+cyanide+and+iron-cyanide+complexes+to+Australian+bass+Macquaria+novemaculeata+and+black+bream+Acanthopagrus+butcheri&rft.au=Pablo%2C+F%3BBuckney%2C+R+T%3BLim%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Pablo&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Marine fish; Water quality control; Cyanides; Toxicity tests; Cyanide; Toxicity testing; Macquaria novemaculeata; Acanthopagrus butcheri; Australia; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modulation of T-helper cell populations: Potential mechanisms of respiratory hypersensitivity and immune suppression AN - 16102020; 4206012 AB - Information presented at this symposium indicates that modulation of Th cell responses is one means by which xenobiotics may cause immunotoxicity. A shift from Th1 to Th2 responses can enhance both infectious and allergic disease. Hence, in some cases, a common mechanism may be responsible for effects that are generally considered to be very different. Because cytokines produced in the inflammatory process play a role in modulation of Th cell responses, there is a mechanism by which agents that appear to have only local effects at the portal of entry may, in fact, affect immune responses systemically. An understanding of conditions which trigger certain cytokine responses may be useful not only in understanding inflammation but also in predicting certain kinds of immunosuppressive and allergic responses. Future studies in this area are likely to provide insights into many areas of immunotoxicology. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Selgrade, MJK AU - Lawrence, DA AU - Ullrich, SE AU - Gilmour, MI AU - Schuyler, M R AU - Kimber, I AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - Jul 1997 SP - 218 EP - 229 VL - 145 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - immunosuppression KW - hypersensitivity KW - lymphocytes T KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16102020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Modulation+of+T-helper+cell+populations%3A+Potential+mechanisms+of+respiratory+hypersensitivity+and+immune+suppression&rft.au=Selgrade%2C+MJK%3BLawrence%2C+DA%3BUllrich%2C+SE%3BGilmour%2C+MI%3BSchuyler%2C+M+R%3BKimber%2C+I&rft.aulast=Selgrade&rft.aufirst=MJK&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=145&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=218&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lymphocytes T; immunosuppression; hypersensitivity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Body burden measurements and models to assess inhalation exposure to methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) AN - 16056154; 4102747 AB - Biomarkers of methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) exposure and the partitioning of inhaled MTBE into the body were investigated in a human chamber study. Two subjects were exposed to an environmentally relevant nominal 5,011 mu g/m super(3) (1.39 ppm) MTBE for 1 hour, followed by clean-air exposure for 7 hours. Breath and blood were simultaneously sampled, while total urine was collected at prescribed times before, during, and after the exposure. Mass-balance and toxicokinetic analyses were conducted based upon the time series measurement of multiple body-burden endpoints, including MTBE in alveolar breath, and MTBE and tertiary butyl alcohol (TBA) in venous blood and urine. The decay of MTBE in the blood was assessed by fitting the post-exposure data to a 2- or 3-exponential model that yielded residence times ( tau ) of 2-3 min, 15-50 min, and 3-13 h as measured by alveolar breath, and 5 min, 60 min, and 32 h as evaluated from venous blood measurements. Based on observations of lower than expected blood and breath MTBE during uptake and a decreasing blood-to-breath ratio during the post-exposure decay period, we hypothesize that the respiratory mucous membranes were serving as a reservoir for the retention of MTBE. The decay data suggest that 6-9% of the MTBE intake may be retained by this non-blood reservoir. The compartmental modeling was further used to estimate important parameters that define the uptake of inhaled MTBE. The first of these parameters is f, the fraction of C sub(air) exhaled at equilibrium, estimated as 0.60 and 0.46 for the female and male subject, respectively. The second parameter is the blood-to-breath partition coefficient (P) estimated as similar to 18. The product of these parameters provides an estimate of the blood concentration at equilibrium as 8-11 times the air concentration. Blood TBA lagged MTBE levels and decayed more slowly ( tau = 1.5-3 h), providing a more stable indication of longer term integrated exposure. The concentration ranges of MTBE and TBA in urine were similar to that of the blood, ranging from 0.37 to 15 mu g/L and 2 to 15 mu g/L, respectively. In urine, MTBE and TBA by themselves bore little relationship to the exposure. However, the MTBE:TBA ratio followed the pattern of exposure, with peak values occurring at the end of the exposure (20- and 60-fold greater than pre-exposure values) before decaying back to pre-exposure levels by the end of the 7-h decay period. Urinary elimination accounted for a very small fraction of total MTBE elimination (<1%). JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Buckley, T J AU - Prah, J D AU - Ashley, D AU - Zweidinger, R A AU - Wallace, LA AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Exposure Res. Lab., Res. Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - Jul 1997 SP - 739 EP - 752 VL - 47 IS - 7 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - toxicity KW - bioindicators KW - toxicokinetics KW - methyl tertiary butyl ether KW - methyl t-butyl ether KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - inhalation KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16056154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Body+burden+measurements+and+models+to+assess+inhalation+exposure+to+methyl+tertiary+butyl+ether+%28MTBE%29&rft.au=Buckley%2C+T+J%3BPrah%2C+J+D%3BAshley%2C+D%3BZweidinger%2C+R+A%3BWallace%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=739&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inhalation; toxicity; bioindicators ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phospholipid biosynthesis and solvent tolerance in Pseudomonas putida strains AN - 16027939; 4096936 AB - The role of the cell envelope in the solvent tolerance mechanisms of Pseudomonas putida was investigated. The responses of a solvent-tolerant strain, P. putida Idaho, and a solvent-sensitive strain, P. putida MW1200, were examined in terms of phospholipid content and composition and of phospholipid biosynthetic rate following exposure to a nonmetabolizable solvent, o-xylene. Following o-xylene exposure, P. putida MW1200 exhibited a decrease in total phospholipid content. In contrast, P. putida Idaho demonstrated an increase in phospholipid content 1 to 6 h after exposure. Analysis of phospholipid biosynthesis showed P. putida Idaho to have a higher basal rate of phospholipid synthesis than MW1200. This rate increased significantly following exposure to xylene. Both strains showed little significant turnover of phospholipid in the absence of xylene. In the presence of xylene, both strains showed increased phospholipid turnover. The rate of turnover was significantly greater in P. putida Idaho than in P. putida MW1200. These results suggest that P. putida Idaho has a greater ability than the solvent-sensitive strain MW1200 to repair damaged membranes through efficient turnover and increased phospholipid biosynthesis. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Pinkart, H C AU - White, D C AD - U.S. EPA, Microbial Ecol. Branch, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1997/07// PY - 1997 DA - Jul 1997 SP - 4219 EP - 4226 VL - 179 IS - 13 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - cell envelope KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Cell membranes KW - solvents KW - phospholipids KW - adaptations KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - J 02731:Lipids UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16027939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Phospholipid+biosynthesis+and+solvent+tolerance+in+Pseudomonas+putida+strains&rft.au=Pinkart%2C+H+C%3BWhite%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Pinkart&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1997-07-01&rft.volume=179&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=4219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudomonas putida; adaptations; solvents; phospholipids; Cell membranes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of dietary selenium on the disposition of arsenate in the female B6C3F1 mouse. AN - 79049845; 9183383 AB - Interactions between arsenic (As) and selenium (Se) at the metabolic level are multifaceted and complex. These interactions are of practical significance because populations in various parts of the world are simultaneously exposed to inorganic As in drinking water and Se mainly in the diet at varying levels. The primary goal of this study was to investigate whether differing dietary Se status would alter the profile of urinary metabolites or their time course for elimination after exposure to arsenate [As(V)]. Weanling female B6C3F1 mice were maintained for 28 d on either a control diet of powdered rodent meal sufficient in Se (A, 0.2 ppm) or Torula yeast-based (TYB) diets deficient (B, 0.02 ppm Se), sufficient (C, 0.2 ppm Se), or excessive (D, 2.0 ppm Se) in Se; mice then received by oral gavage 5 mg (As)/kg as sodium [73As] arsenate. The time course for elimination of total arsenic and metabolites in urine was measured over a 48-h period, and total arsenic was determined in feces and tissues at 48 h. Mice on the Se excess diet excreted a significantly higher percentage of urinary As as inorganic As, with a significantly decreased ratio of organic to inorganic As compared to Se-sufficient mice, suggesting that As methylation was decreased. Mice on the Se-deficient diet appeared to eliminate As(V), arsenite, and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in urine more slowly than Se-sufficient mice; however, further studies are required to confirm this finding. Mice on the Se-sufficient meal diet (A) excreted significantly less (by percent) arsenate-derived radioactivity in urine and more in feces compared to mice on the Se-sufficient TYB diet (C), with total elimination being similar for both groups. This indicates that mice on the meal diet absorbed significantly less As(V) than mice on the TYB diet, and this may be due to more fiber or "bulk" in the meal diet. This finding emphasizes the importance of considering dietary composition when interpreting and comparing As disposition studies. Overall this study provides suggestive evidence that dietary Se status alters As metabolism and disposition. This indicates that dietary Se status may be an issue that should be considered in the design and interpretation of epidemiologic studies. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Kenyon, E M AU - Hughes, M F AU - Levander, O A AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park 27711-2055, USA. Y1 - 1997/06/27/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Jun 27 SP - 279 EP - 299 VL - 51 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Arsenates KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds KW - Cacodylic Acid KW - AJ2HL7EU8K KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - arsenic acid KW - N7CIZ75ZPN KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Sulfhydryl Compounds -- metabolism KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Chromatography, Ion Exchange KW - Intestinal Absorption -- drug effects KW - Feces -- chemistry KW - Isotope Labeling KW - Female KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Arsenates -- metabolism KW - Herbicides -- urine KW - Herbicides -- metabolism KW - Food, Fortified KW - Selenium -- pharmacology KW - Cacodylic Acid -- urine KW - Selenium -- administration & dosage KW - Cacodylic Acid -- metabolism KW - Arsenates -- urine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79049845?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Influence+of+dietary+selenium+on+the+disposition+of+arsenate+in+the+female+B6C3F1+mouse.&rft.au=Kenyon%2C+E+M%3BHughes%2C+M+F%3BLevander%2C+O+A&rft.aulast=Kenyon&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1997-06-27&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-30 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Recent EPA-sponsored research and policy ideas in the areas of voluntary measures, market incentives, and urban sprawl AN - 27308669; 0328467 (EN); 328467 (CI) AB - Historically, mobile source control strategies have focused primarily on reducing emissions per mile through command and control regulations. Today, new approaches are necessary because we are beginning to reach the limits of improvements in 'gram' per 'mile' emission control technology. Ultimately, clean air policy must include voluntary measures, market incentives, and answers to urban sprawl. We will need to encourage `smart' driving and sustainable development. We will need work together to build a consensus among industry, States, and the public for new, as well as old, programs. We will need to find a way to maintain mobility, safety and freedom of choice, while at the same time improving air quality to levels safe for both our parents and our children. The purpose of this paper is to describe recent EPA-sponsored research and policy ideas in the areas of voluntary measures, market incentives, and urban sprawl, all of which are designed to support reductions in both criteria pollutants and greenhouse gases. JF - The 1997 Air & Waste Management Association's 90th Annual Meeting & Exhibition; Toronto, Can; Can; 08-13 June 1997 AU - Wolcott, Mark AU - Ball, Michael AU - Hall, John AU - Voss, Laura Y1 - 1997/06/08/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Jun 08 SP - 9 PB - AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC, PITTSBURGH, PA, (USA) KW - Environmental Engineering (EN); Computer & Information Systems (CI) KW - Public policy KW - Standards KW - Gas emissions KW - Air quality KW - Greenhouse effect KW - Conference KW - EE 451.2:Air Pollution Control KW - EE 902.2:Codes and Standards KW - EE 443.1:Atmospheric Properties (CI) KW - EE 901:Engineering Profession KW - EE 443.1:Atmospheric Properties (EN) KW - EE 451.1:Air Pollution Sources UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27308669?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=The+1997+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association%27s+90th+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exhibition%3B+Toronto%2C+Can%3B+Can%3B+08-13+June+1997&rft.atitle=Recent+EPA-sponsored+research+and+policy+ideas+in+the+areas+of+voluntary+measures%2C+market+incentives%2C+and+urban+sprawl&rft.au=Wolcott%2C+Mark%3BBall%2C+Michael%3BHall%2C+John%3BVoss%2C+Laura&rft.aulast=Wolcott&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1997-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+1997+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association%27s+90th+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exhibition%3B+Toronto%2C+Can%3B+Can%3B+08-13+June+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 1998-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Operating a medical waste incinerator under tougher emission requirements AN - 27306991; 0328594 (EN); 328594 (CI); 328594 (EA) AB - The current UK requirements for medical waste incinerators include requirements based on the European Directive 94/67/EC on the incineration of hazardous waste. The emission levels in this Directive are similar to those set by the US EPA in the 1994 draft emission levels for medical waste incinerators. The final EPA emission levels are now only expected in June 1997. Experience in meeting the UK levels can however be expected to be similar to that which will be required when the EPA requirements come into force. To meet the operational and emission requirements a good incineration facility and a sophisticated emission control plant are required. These items can be specified and procured. The selection of the right equipment will enable the incinerator operator to meet the majority of the emission requirements with little difficulty. The major difficulty is to maintain consistent performance over the entire operational period with a highly variable waste make-up. The problems associated with achieving and maintaining the daily and half hourly emission levels are discussed in terms of requirements, instrument reliability, automation, operational conditions and operator input. To obtain authorization to operate a facility several other requirements over and above the emission requirements have to be met as well. JF - The 1997 Air & Waste Management Association's 90th Annual Meeting & Exhibition; Toronto, Can; Can; 08-13 June 1997 AU - Bulley, Mike Y1 - 1997/06/08/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Jun 08 SP - 10 PB - AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC, PITTSBURGH, PA, (USA) KW - Environmental Engineering (EN); Computer & Information Systems (CI); Electronics & Communication (EA) KW - Particulate emissions KW - Hazardous materials KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Nitrogen oxides KW - Heavy metals KW - Standards KW - Automation KW - Conference KW - EE 452.4:Industrial Wastes Treatment KW - EE 451.1:Air Pollution Sources KW - EE 804:Chemical Products Generally (CI) KW - EE 804:Chemical Products Generally (EA) KW - EE 804:Chemical Products Generally (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27306991?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=The+1997+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association%27s+90th+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exhibition%3B+Toronto%2C+Can%3B+Can%3B+08-13+June+1997&rft.atitle=Operating+a+medical+waste+incinerator+under+tougher+emission+requirements&rft.au=Bulley%2C+Mike&rft.aulast=Bulley&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.date=1997-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+1997+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association%27s+90th+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exhibition%3B+Toronto%2C+Can%3B+Can%3B+08-13+June+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 1998-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Data Quality Assessment: A tool for data analysis AN - 26508745; 0328436 (EN); 328436 (CI) AB - The data life cycle is comprised of three basic steps: panning, implementation, and assessment. Planning essentially involves the Data Quality Objective (DQO) Process, which is a systematic planning process for ensuring that environmental data will be adequate for their intended use. The implementation step is the actual collection of data based on the experimental design chosen using the DQO Process. The final, yet one of the most important steps, is assessment, which can be done using the Data Quality Assessment (DQA) Process. DQA is the scientific and statistical evaluation of data to determine if data obtained from environmental data operations are of the right type, quality, and quantity to support their intended use. By using the DQA Process, one can answer two fundamental questions: 1) Can the decision be made with the desired confidence, given the quality of the data set? 2) How well can the sampling design be expected to perform over a wide range of possible outcomes? Assuming the sampling design strategy is used for a similar study, would the data be expected to support the same intended use with the desired level of confidence? These two questions address the user's immediate needs and potential future needs. This paper is intended to outline the DQA Process, walk through some statistical tools needed for assessment, and provide a practical example to show how the process works as a tool for setting maximum achievable control technology (MACT) standards. JF - The 1997 Air & Waste Management Association's 90th Annual Meeting & Exhibition; Toronto, Can; Can; 08-13 June 1997 AU - Autry, Lara P Y1 - 1997/06/08/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Jun 08 SP - 8 PB - AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC, PITTSBURGH, PA, (USA) KW - Environmental Engineering (EN); Computer & Information Systems (CI) KW - Data reduction KW - Statistical methods KW - Data acquisition KW - Conference KW - EE 451.2:Air Pollution Control KW - EE 443.1:Atmospheric Properties KW - EE 723.2:Data Processing KW - EE 922.2:Mathematical Statistics (CI) KW - EE 922.2:Mathematical Statistics (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/26508745?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=The+1997+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association%27s+90th+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exhibition%3B+Toronto%2C+Can%3B+Can%3B+08-13+June+1997&rft.atitle=Data+Quality+Assessment%3A+A+tool+for+data+analysis&rft.au=Autry%2C+Lara+P&rft.aulast=Autry&rft.aufirst=Lara&rft.date=1997-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+1997+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association%27s+90th+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exhibition%3B+Toronto%2C+Can%3B+Can%3B+08-13+June+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 1998-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Compliance Assurance Monitoring rule - status of final rulemaking AN - 26489457; 0328521 (EN); 328521 (CI); 328521 (EA); 328521 (SO) AB - The Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 (CAAA) included new provisions requiring EPA to promulgate regulations to require owners and operators of major stationary sources to enhance monitoring and certify compliance with air pollution control regulations. The CAAA also provided that information other than specified compliance test data could be used in enforcement activities. The Agency is completing development of two rulemakings, the Compliance Assurance Monitoring or CAM rule, and the Credible Evidence rule. The CAM rule focuses on enhancement of existing monitoring requirements including demonstrating that the proper operation and maintenance of emission control measures can be used in certifying compliance with applicable emission limits. The Credible Evidence rule includes changes to parts 51, 52, 60, and 61 of Title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations to ensure that information other than specified compliance test data may be used in enforcement actions. This paper summarizes the status of the CAM rule as finalization approaches and the relationship to the Credible Evidence rule to CAM-derived data. JF - The 1997 Air & Waste Management Association's 90th Annual Meeting & Exhibition; Toronto, Can; Can; 08-13 June 1997 AU - Westlin, Peter R AU - Balcke, William W Y1 - 1997/06/08/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Jun 08 SP - 8 PB - AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC, PITTSBURGH, PA, (USA) KW - Environmental Engineering (EN); Computer & Information Systems (CI); Electronics & Communication (EA); Solid State & Superconductivity (SO) KW - Laws and legislation KW - Particulate emissions KW - Industrial emissions KW - Conference KW - EE 451.1:Air Pollution Sources (EA) KW - EE 902.3:Legal Aspects KW - EE 451.2:Air Pollution Control KW - EE 451.1:Air Pollution Sources (CI) KW - EE 451.1:Air Pollution Sources (SO) KW - EE 451.1:Air Pollution Sources (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/26489457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=The+1997+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association%27s+90th+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exhibition%3B+Toronto%2C+Can%3B+Can%3B+08-13+June+1997&rft.atitle=Compliance+Assurance+Monitoring+rule+-+status+of+final+rulemaking&rft.au=Westlin%2C+Peter+R%3BBalcke%2C+William+W&rft.aulast=Westlin&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1997-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+1997+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association%27s+90th+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exhibition%3B+Toronto%2C+Can%3B+Can%3B+08-13+June+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 1998-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Community based environmental protection and geographic initiatives: The Greater Chicago Initiative AN - 26482779; 0328541 (EN); 328541 (EA); 328541 (SO) AB - Community-based environmental protection (CBEP) is a problem-solving approach that provides a framework for identifying environmental problems, setting priorities, and forging solutions through an open, inclusive process. The approach is devoted to restoring and sustaining healthy ecological and human communities. The approach draws on a collaborative vision of desired future conditions and an integration of ecological, economic, and social factors affecting a place. Attributes of CBEP include: definable geographic areas, specific areas with which groups of people are identified, or areas which are defined by natural boundaries or communities; an identifiable group or groups of interested people in a community or associated with a place having a bias for action; a multi-media perspective that assesses and addresses environmental problems; specific, measurable, collaboratively-developed goals; greater involvement by citizens in setting an environmental agenda; and a management and accountability system that monitors outcomes and adapts over time. The Greater Chicago Initiative is a CBEP project that focuses on the environmental justice areas of the Southeast and West Sides of Chicago, Illinois. Initiated by Region 5 of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA), the purpose of the initiative is to work with local stakeholders (including the State of Illinois, Cook County, the City of Chicago, industry, and citizens) interested in coordinating various government and private environmental activities for the purposes of effectiveness and efficiency. Often areas of work address environmental problems that fall through regulatory `cracks' such as, illegal dumping, brownfields, habitat restoration and preservation, asthma/ozone, odors, and pollution prevention. Enforcement and compliance assurance activities often focus on hard to address situations. JF - The 1997 Air & Waste Management Association's 90th Annual Meeting & Exhibition; Toronto, Can; Can; 08-13 June 1997 AU - Klevs, Mardi Y1 - 1997/06/08/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Jun 08 SP - 12 PB - AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC, PITTSBURGH, PA, (USA) KW - Environmental Engineering (EN); Electronics & Communication (EA); Solid State & Superconductivity (SO) KW - Problem solving KW - Ecosystems KW - Economic and social effects KW - Pollution control KW - Conference KW - EE 901.4:Impact of Technology on Society (SO) KW - EE 901.4:Impact of Technology on Society (EA) KW - EE 454.3:Ecology and Ecosystems KW - EE 901.4:Impact of Technology on Society (EN) KW - EE 454.2:Environmental Impact and Protection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/26482779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=The+1997+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association%27s+90th+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exhibition%3B+Toronto%2C+Can%3B+Can%3B+08-13+June+1997&rft.atitle=Community+based+environmental+protection+and+geographic+initiatives%3A+The+Greater+Chicago+Initiative&rft.au=Klevs%2C+Mardi&rft.aulast=Klevs&rft.aufirst=Mardi&rft.date=1997-06-08&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+1997+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association%27s+90th+Annual+Meeting+%26+Exhibition%3B+Toronto%2C+Can%3B+Can%3B+08-13+June+1997&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 1998-06-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Foreword AN - 883017622; 13770756 JF - Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change AU - Wolcott, Robert M AU - Gonzalez, Marco Antonio AD - Office of Policy, Planning and Evaluation U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USA Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - Jun 1997 SP - vii EP - viii PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 2 IS - 2-3 SN - 1381-2386, 1381-2386 KW - Environment Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts KW - adaptability KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 07:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/883017622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.atitle=Foreword&rft.au=Wolcott%2C+Robert+M%3BGonzalez%2C+Marco+Antonio&rft.aulast=Wolcott&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=vii&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mitigation+and+Adaptation+Strategies+for+Global+Change&rft.issn=13812386&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02437195 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-08-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-11-04 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adaptability DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02437195 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous purification of human albumin and hemoglobin for use as environmental biomarkers. AN - 79400004; 9379776 AB - A combination of known biochemical techniques (binding of bromocresol green to human albumin, nondenaturing electrophoresis and electroelution) have been utilized in a novel purification of human albumin. This paper reports (a) purification of intact, nondenatured human albumin, (b) simultaneous purification of albumin and hemoglobin from a human plasma and red blood cell lysate mixture, (c) development of a purification method for the two most commonly employed protein biomarkers in human environmental epidemiology and (d) demonstration of the general technique of protein purification of colored ligand-protein complexes by nondenaturing electrophoresis. The noncovalent binding between a protein (albumin) and a colored ligand (bromocresol green) is the biochemical characteristic exploited in this novel purification scheme. This general purification method may be useful for other colored ligand or fluorescent ligand binding proteins. For small-scale electrophoresis, the amount of protein isolated, percentage yield and protein purity (estimated by SDS-PAGE) were 270 micrograms, 80% yield and > 99% purity for albumin and 217 micrograms, 54% yield and > 99% purity for hemoglobin, respectively. For large-scale electrophoresis the comparable data was 38.3 mg, 57% yield and 98% purity for albumin and 17.2 mg, 57% yield and 99% purity for hemoglobin, respectively. JF - Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 283 EP - 288 VL - 19 IS - 5 SN - 0379-0355, 0379-0355 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Hemoglobins KW - Serum Albumin KW - Bromcresol Green KW - 8YGN0Y942M KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Bromcresol Green -- chemistry KW - Humans KW - Biomarkers -- analysis KW - Erythrocytes -- chemistry KW - Hemoglobins -- analysis KW - Serum Albumin -- chemistry KW - Serum Albumin -- analysis KW - Hemoglobins -- isolation & purification KW - Serum Albumin -- isolation & purification KW - Plasma -- chemistry KW - Hemoglobins -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79400004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Methods+and+findings+in+experimental+and+clinical+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+purification+of+human+albumin+and+hemoglobin+for+use+as+environmental+biomarkers.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Methods+and+findings+in+experimental+and+clinical+pharmacology&rft.issn=03790355&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-11-12 N1 - Date created - 1997-11-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critical periods of sensitivity to the developmental toxicity of inhaled methanol in the CD-1 mouse. AN - 79279133; 9294881 AB - Exposure of pregnant CD-1 mice to methanol (MeOH) by inhalation on gestation days (gd) 6-15 results in dose-related increases in fetal cleft palate, exencephaly, and skeletal defects. Here, critical periods for the developmental toxicity of MeOH were assessed in pregnant CD-1 mice exposed to 10,000 ppm MeOH or filtered air for 7 hr/day on 2 consecutive days during gd 6-13, or to single day (7 hr) exposures to 10,000 ppm MeOH during gd 5-9. Mice received water but not food during exposure. Maternal blood MeOH was determined at times during, at the end of, and subsequent to a single 7 hr exposure on gd 7. On gd 17, remaining mice were weighed, killed, and gravid uteri removed. Live, dead, and resorbed fetuses were counted, and live fetuses were examined, weighed, and preserved in 70% ethanol. All fetuses were examined externally and for cleft palate, eviscerated, and stained with Alizarin red for skeletal examination. Pregnant mice lost an average of 0.3-2.9 g during 7 hr exposure to either filtered air or MeOH, but a MeOH treatment effect was evident only with 2-day exposure on gd 7-8. Peak maternal blood MeOH concentration (at the end of exposure) was approximately 4 mg/ml, and MeOH was cleared from maternal blood within 24 hr. Some fully resorbed litters were observed with 2-day MeOH exposures on gd 6-7 or 7-8, or 1-day exposure on gd 7. With 1-day MeOH exposure on gd 7, the number live was lower than with exposure on any other day. As previously reported, cleft palate, exencephaly, and skeletal defects were the fetal anomalies observed in this mouse strain. Cleft palate occurred with 2-day exposures on gd 6-7 through gd 11-12 (peak on gd 7-8), and with 1-day exposure on gd 5 through gd 9 (peak on gd 7). Exencephaly occurred with 2-day exposures on gd 6-7 through gd 8-9 (peak gd 6-7) or 1-day exposure on gd 5 through gd 8 (peak on gd 7). Skeletal elements malformed included the exoccipital (peak gd 6-7, gd 5), atlas (peak gd 6-7, gd 5,6), axis (peak gd 6-7, gd 7), cervical vertebra 7 with a rib (peak gd 6-7, gd 7), and lumbar vertebra 1 with a rib (peak gd 7-8, gd 7). An increased incidence of fetuses with 25 presacral vertebrae (normal = 26) was observed with methanol exposure on gd 5, whereas an increased incidence of fetuses with 27 presacral vertebrae was observed with MeOH exposure on gd 7. These results indicate that gastrulation and early organogenesis represent a period of increased embryonal sensitivity to methanol. JF - Teratology AU - Rogers, J M AU - Mole, M L AD - Developmental Biology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 364 EP - 372 VL - 55 IS - 6 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cleft Palate -- chemically induced KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Bone and Bones -- abnormalities KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Cervical Vertebrae -- abnormalities KW - Pregnancy KW - Brain -- abnormalities KW - Lumbar Vertebrae -- abnormalities KW - Bone and Bones -- drug effects KW - Cervical Vertebrae -- drug effects KW - Lumbar Vertebrae -- drug effects KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Female KW - Methanol -- blood KW - Methanol -- administration & dosage KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79279133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Critical+periods+of+sensitivity+to+the+developmental+toxicity+of+inhaled+methanol+in+the+CD-1+mouse.&rft.au=Rogers%2C+J+M%3BMole%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=364&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The relationship between selected causes of postneonatal infant mortality and particulate air pollution in the United States. AN - 79269143; 9288495 AB - Recent studies have found associations between particulate air pollution and total and adult mortality. The relationship between particulate air pollution and mortality among infants has not been examined in the United States. This study evaluates the relationship between postneonatal infant mortality and particulate matter in the United States. Our study involved analysis of cohorts consisting of approximately 4 million infants born between 1989 and 1991 in states that report relevant covariates; this included 86 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) in the United States. Data from the National Center for Health Statistics-linked birth/infant death records were combined at the MSA level with measurements of particulate matter 10 microns or less (PM10) from the EPA's Aerometric Database. Infants were categorized as having high, medium, or low exposures based on tertiles of PM10. Total and cause-specific postneonatal mortality rates were examined using logistic regression to control for demographic and environmental factors. Overall postneonatal mortality rates were 3.1 among infants with low PM10 exposures, 3.5 among infants with medium PM10 exposures, and 3.7 among highly exposed infants. After adjustment for other covariates, the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for total postneonatal mortality for the high exposure versus the low exposure group was 1.10 (1.04, 1.16). In normal birth weight infants, high PM10 exposure was associated with respiratory causes [OR = 1.40, (1.05, 1.85)] and sudden infant death syndrome [OR = 1.26, (1.14, 1.39)]. For low birth weight babies, high PM10 exposure was associated, but not significantly, with mortality from respiratory causes [OR = 1.18, (0.86, 1.61)]. This study suggests that particulate matter is associated with risk of postneonatal mortality. Continued attention should be paid to air quality to ensure optimal health of infants in the United States. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Woodruff, T J AU - Grillo, J AU - Schoendorf, K C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 608 EP - 612 VL - 105 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Birth Weight KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Sudden Infant Death -- etiology KW - Cause of Death KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Infant Mortality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79269143?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=The+relationship+between+selected+causes+of+postneonatal+infant+mortality+and+particulate+air+pollution+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Woodruff%2C+T+J%3BGrillo%2C+J%3BSchoendorf%2C+K+C&rft.aulast=Woodruff&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=608&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-09 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Pediatrics. 1992 Dec;90(6):905-8 [1437432] Lancet. 1992 Oct 24;340(8826):1010-4 [1357409] N Engl J Med. 1993 Dec 9;329(24):1753-9 [8179653] Environ Res. 1994 Jan;64(1):26-35 [8287840] Environ Res. 1994 Jan;64(1):36-52 [8287841] Environ Res. 1994 May;65(2):172-94 [8187735] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994 Nov;150(5 Pt 1):1234-42 [7952546] JAMA. 1995 Mar 8;273(10):795-8 [7861574] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1995 Mar;151(3 Pt 1):669-74 [7881654] Pediatrics. 1995 Dec;96(6):1106-10 [7491229] J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 1996 Feb;46(2):98-126 [8846246] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 May;104(5):500-5 [8743437] Epidemiol Rev. 1979;1:170-83 [398266] N Engl J Med. 1987 Sep 17;317(12):749-53 [3627185] Am J Dis Child. 1991 Feb;145(2):194-9 [1994686] Arch Environ Health. 1991 Mar-Apr;46(2):90-7 [2006899] Bull Pan Am Health Organ. 1991;25(1):47-54 [2054552] Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 1992 Apr;6(2):193-7 [1584721] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992 May;145(5):1123-8 [1586057] Arch Environ Health. 1992 May-Jun;47(3):211-7 [1596104] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993 Apr;147(4):826-31 [8466116] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of methimazole, an FMO substrate and competitive inhibitor, on the neurotoxicity of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile in male rats. AN - 79175500; 9242586 AB - This study was designed to examine the role of flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) on the auditory and vestibular neurotoxicity of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) using the FMO substrate and competitive inhibitor methimazole (MMI). Specifically, the purpose was to block the FMO-mediated conversion of IDPN to the putative neurotoxic metabolite N-hydroxy3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (HOIDPN). In three separate experiments, adult male Long-Evans hooded rats were administered (ip) saline (vehicle), MMI, IDPN, or HOIDPN individually, or a combination of IDPN and MMI or HOIDPN and MMI. Animals were observed daily for signs of the ECC syndrome (excitation with choreiform and circling movements) for 10 days. One to 2 weeks after exposure, a battery of behavioral tests was used to examine vestibular and auditory function. MMI completely blocked the neurotoxicity associated with a 600 mg/kg dose of IDPN and partially blocked the effects of a 1000 mg/kg dose of IDPN. In contrast, MMI failed to block, and instead increased, the neurotoxicity associated with HOIDPN. These data suggest that FMO-mediated metabolism of IDPN is necessary for the generation of a metabolite responsible for the vestibular and auditory neurotoxicities. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Nace, C G AU - Genter, M B AU - Sayre, L M AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 131 EP - 140 VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Nitriles KW - N-hydroxy-3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - 108203-25-4 KW - 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - 3XP1CVU865 KW - Methimazole KW - 554Z48XN5E KW - Oxygenases KW - EC 1.13.- KW - dimethylaniline monooxygenase (N-oxide forming) KW - EC 1.14.13.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Vestibule, Labyrinth -- physiology KW - Rats KW - Hearing -- drug effects KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Vestibular Function Tests KW - Male KW - Vestibulocochlear Nerve -- enzymology KW - Oxygenases -- metabolism KW - Oxygenases -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Nitriles -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Vestibular Nerve -- enzymology KW - Nitriles -- toxicity KW - Vestibulocochlear Nerve -- drug effects KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Methimazole -- pharmacology KW - Vestibular Nerve -- drug effects KW - Neurotoxins -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79175500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+methimazole%2C+an+FMO+substrate+and+competitive+inhibitor%2C+on+the+neurotoxicity+of+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile+in+male+rats.&rft.au=Nace%2C+C+G%3BGenter%2C+M+B%3BSayre%2C+L+M%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Nace&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Opposite effects of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on the antibody response to sheep erythrocytes in mice. AN - 79172398; 9242587 AB - The effect that cotreatment with 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB153) and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has on the antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) was determined in female B6C3F1 mice. Groups of eight mice per group were given a single oral dose of PCB153 alone (0, 3.58, 35.8, or 358 mg/kg), TCDD alone (0, 0.1, 1, or 10 micrograms/kg), and all possible combinations of these doses in corn oil 7 days prior to immunization with SRBCs. Separate groups of mice were given phenobarbital (PB) parenterally by intraperitoneal injection at a dosage of 160 mg/kg/day for 3 days. Four days after intravenous immunization, body, spleen, thymus, and liver weights and the PFC response to SRBCs were determined. Exposure to TCDD alone resulted in a dose-related suppression of the PFC response, with significant suppression at 1 and 10 micrograms/kg. In contrast, exposure to PCB153 alone resulted in the enhancement of the PFC response at 358 mg/kg. Combined exposure to 358 mg/ kg PCB153 and TCDD resulted in no change (PCB153 + 0.1 microgram/ kg TCDD) or suppression (PCB153 + 1 or 10 micrograms/kg TCDD) of the PFC response relative to PCB153 alone; however, the PFC response was enhanced (PCB153 + 0.1 microgram/kg TCDD), unaffected (PCB153 + 1 microgram/kg TCDD), or suppressed (PCB153 + 10 micrograms/kg TCDD) relative to corn oil controls. PB did not affect the PFC response to SRBCs, despite a 13-fold induction of hepatic pentoxyresorufin O-dealkylase (PROD) activity. These results suggest that PCB153 enhancement of the PFC response is not related to PROD induction and that it acts as a functional antagonist rather than an aryl hydrocarbon receptor or dispositional antagonist. By enhancing the PFC response to SRBCs, PCB153 raises the "setpoint" response level. Consequently, cotreatment with an immunosuppressive dose of TCDD fails to suppress the PFC response relative to corn oil controls, while clearly suppressing it relative to the appropriate control, PCB153 alone. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Smialowicz, R J AU - DeVito, M J AU - Riddle, M M AU - Williams, W C AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 141 EP - 149 VL - 37 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Phenobarbital KW - YQE403BP4D KW - 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl KW - ZRU0C9E32O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Liver -- immunology KW - Sheep KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- immunology KW - Phenobarbital -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Spleen -- immunology KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Erythrocytes -- immunology KW - Antibody Formation -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79172398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Opposite+effects+of+2%2C2%27%2C4%2C4%27%2C5%2C5%27-hexachlorobiphenyl+and+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+on+the+antibody+response+to+sheep+erythrocytes+in+mice.&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J%3BDeVito%2C+M+J%3BRiddle%2C+M+M%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Categorical regression analysis of acute exposure to tetrachloroethylene. AN - 79151945; 9232016 AB - Exposure-response analysis of acute noncancer risks should consider both concentration (C) and duration (T) of exposure, as well as severity of response. Stratified categorical regression is a form of meta-analysis that addresses these needs by combining studies and analyzing response data expressed as ordinal severity categories. A generalized linear model for ordinal data was used to estimate the probability of response associated with exposure and severity category. Stratification of the regression model addresses systematic differences among studies by allowing one or more model parameters to vary across strata defined, for example, by species and sex. The ability to treat partial information addresses the difficulties in assigning consistent severity scores. Studies containing information on acute effects of tetrachloroethylene in rats, mice, and humans were analyzed. The mouse data were highly uncertain due to lack of data on effects of low concentrations and were excluded from the analysis. A model with species-specific concentration intercept terms for rat and human central nervous system data improved fit to the data compared with the base model (combined species). More complex models with strata defined by sex and species did not improve the fit. The stratified regression model allows human effect levels to be identified more confidently by basing the intercept on human data and the slope parameters on the combined data (on a C x T plot). This analysis provides an exposure-response function for acute exposures to tetrachloroethylene using categorical regression analysis. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Guth, D J AU - Carroll, R J AU - Simpson, D G AU - Zhou, H AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 321 EP - 332 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Risk KW - Regression Analysis KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Central Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Time Factors KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Female KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- administration & dosage KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79151945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Categorical+regression+analysis+of+acute+exposure+to+tetrachloroethylene.&rft.au=Guth%2C+D+J%3BCarroll%2C+R+J%3BSimpson%2C+D+G%3BZhou%2C+H&rft.aulast=Guth&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-09 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative genotoxic potency of arsenic and its methylated metabolites. AN - 79139165; 9219565 AB - Arsenic is one of the few identified human carcinogens that has yet to be shown to cause cancer in rodents when the standard bioassay protocols are used. The reasons for this apparent interspecies difference are unclear but may be related to differences between humans and rodents in their detoxification capabilities. Detoxification of arsenic may occur through a methylation pathway. If, in fact, methylation does detoxify arsenic, one would predict that the methylated arsenicals might be less genotoxic than the inorganic arsenicals. To evaluate the hypothesis that the inorganic arsenicals are more mutagenic than the organic arsenicals, we tested sodium arsenite, sodium arsenate, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) for their relative mutagenic and clastogenic potentials. We used the L5178Y/TK+/- mouse lymphoma assay which allows the detection of chemicals inducing a broad spectrum of different types of genetic damage. Sodium arsenite and sodium arsenate were active at concentrations of 1-2 micrograms/ml and 10-14 micrograms/ml, respectively. MMA was active between 2500-5000 micrograms/ml; while DMA required almost 10000 micrograms/ml to induce a genotoxic response. The organic arsenicals are thus much less potent as mutagenic agents than the inorganic arsenicals. All four of these arsenicals appear to act by mechanisms that cause chromosomal mutations. JF - Mutation research AU - Moore, M M AU - Harrington-Brock, K AU - Doerr, C L AD - Genetics and Cellular Toxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 279 EP - 290 VL - 386 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Poisons KW - 0 KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Methylation KW - Arsenic -- chemistry KW - Arsenic -- toxicity KW - Poisons -- toxicity KW - Lymphoma -- genetics KW - Chromosome Aberrations UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79139165?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Relative+genotoxic+potency+of+arsenic+and+its+methylated+metabolites.&rft.au=Moore%2C+M+M%3BHarrington-Brock%2C+K%3BDoerr%2C+C+L&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=386&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic alters cytosine methylation patterns of the promoter of the tumor suppressor gene p53 in human lung cells: a model for a mechanism of carcinogenesis. AN - 79129488; 9219564 AB - Arsenic is a potent human carcinogen to which there is significant worldwide exposure through natural contamination of food and drinking water sources. Because arsenic is detoxified via methylation using a methyltransferase (MTase) and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) as the methyl donor, we hypothesized that a mechanism of carcinogenesis of arsenic could involve alterations of MTase/SAM-dependent DNA methylation of a tumor suppressor gene. We found that exposure of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells to sodium arsenite (0.08-2 microM) or sodium arsenate (30-300 microM), but not dimethylarsenic acid (2-2000 microM), produced significant dose-responsive hypermethylation within a 341-base pair fragment of the promoter of p53. This was determined by quantitative PCR/HpaII restriction site analysis to analyze methylation status of two CCGG sites. In experiments with arsenite, DNA sequencing using bisulfite to visualize 5-methylcytosine (5-MeC) over the entire promoter region confirmed data obtained by restriction analysis. Limited data using SssI methylase also suggested that over-methylation of CpG sequences may exist over the entire genome in response to arsenite exposure. We propose that alteration of DNA methylation by arsenic offers a plausible, unified hypothesis for the carcinogenic mechanism of action of arsenic, and we present a model for arsenic carcinogenesis that utilizes perturbations of DNA methylation as the basis for the carcinogenic effects of arsenic. JF - Mutation research AU - Mass, M J AU - Wang, L AD - Biochemistry and Pathobiology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. MASS.MARC@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 263 EP - 277 VL - 386 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 KW - Cytosine KW - 8J337D1HZY KW - Arsenic KW - N712M78A8G KW - Index Medicus KW - Base Sequence KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - DNA Methylation KW - Genes, Tumor Suppressor KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Promoter Regions, Genetic -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Arsenic -- toxicity KW - Adenocarcinoma -- etiology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Adenocarcinoma -- genetics KW - Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79129488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Arsenic+alters+cytosine+methylation+patterns+of+the+promoter+of+the+tumor+suppressor+gene+p53+in+human+lung+cells%3A+a+model+for+a+mechanism+of+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Mass%2C+M+J%3BWang%2C+L&rft.aulast=Mass&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=386&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Genetic sequence - X54156; GENBANK N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of acid-sulfate soil leachate and aluminum to embryos of the Sydney Rock oyster. AN - 79110312; 9212333 AB - The toxicity of leachate water from acid-sulfate soil to the early embryonic development of the Sydney Rock oyster, Saccostrea commercialis, was assessed. Concentrations of acid-sulfate soil leachate water as low as 3.3% in seawater were found to decrease the normal development of oyster embryos after 48 hr exposure, and this effect could not be attributed to any significant change in pH or salinity. An EC50 value for the acid-sulfate soil leachate water of 2.5 to 2.9% in seawater was obtained, and the no observed effect concentration was determined at a concentration of 2% in seawater. In tests conducted with aluminum added to seawater, a significant decrease in the percentage of embryos developed to the D-veliger stage occurred at concentrations of 150 micrograms/liter and greater, with no effects at 100 micrograms/liter. An EC50 of 225 micrograms/liter for the effect of added aluminum on embryo survival was obtained and all embryos showed developmental abnormalities at concentrations of 400 micrograms/liter and greater. A significant decrease in the embryonic development occurred when the fertilized eggs were incubated in pH-adjusted seawater at pH values < or = 6.75, but no significant effects were found at pH 7.0 or above. Since aluminum was present in high concentrations in the acid-sulfate soil leachate water, it was concluded that aluminum was the main toxicant in the acid-sulfate water that disrupted the oyster embryonic development. JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - Wilson, S P AU - Hyne, R V AD - Ecotoxicology Section, Environment Protection Authority NSW, EPA/UTS Centre for Ecotoxicology, University of Technology-Sydney, Australia. Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 30 EP - 36 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Ferric Compounds KW - 0 KW - Soil KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Sulfates KW - Aluminum KW - CPD4NFA903 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Ferric Compounds -- toxicity KW - Ovum -- drug effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Sulfates -- toxicity KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Aluminum -- toxicity KW - Ostreidae -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79110312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+acid-sulfate+soil+leachate+and+aluminum+to+embryos+of+the+Sydney+Rock+oyster.&rft.au=Wilson%2C+S+P%3BHyne%2C+R+V&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-09 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Background contamination by coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in trace level high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS) analytical procedures. AN - 79077323; 9192469 AB - The addition of the "dioxin-like" polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners to the assessment of risk associated with the 2,3,7,8-chlorine substituted dioxins and furans has dramatically increased the number of laboratories worldwide that are developing analytical procedures for their detection and quantitation. Most of these procedures are based on established sample preparation and analytical techniques employing high resolution gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry (HRGC/HRMS), which are used for the analyses of dioxin/furans at low parts-per-trillion (ppt) levels. A significant and widespread problem that arises when using these sample preparation procedures for the analysis of coplanar PCBs is the presence of background levels of these congeners. Industrial processes, urban incineration, leaking electrical transformers, hazardous waste accidents, and improper waste disposal practices have released appreciable quantities of PCBs into the environment. This contamination has resulted in the global distribution of these compounds via the atmosphere and their ubiquitous presence in ambient air. The background presence of these compounds in method blanks must be addressed when determining the exact concentrations of these and other congeners in environmental samples. In this study reliable procedures were developed to accurately define these background levels and assess their variability over the course of the study. The background subtraction procedures developed and employed increase the probability that the values reported accurately represent the concentrations found in the samples and were not biased due to this background contamination. JF - Chemosphere AU - Ferrario, J AU - Byrne, C AU - Dupuy, A E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, OPP/BEAD/ACB, Environmental Chemistry Section, John C. Stennis Space Center, Mississippi 39529, USA. jferrario@nrlssc.navy.mil Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 2451 EP - 2465 VL - 34 IS - 11 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Air Pollution KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Cattle KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Meat Products KW - Laboratories -- standards KW - Risk Assessment KW - Adipose Tissue -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79077323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Background+contamination+by+coplanar+polychlorinated+biphenyls+%28PCBs%29+in+trace+level+high+resolution+gas+chromatography%2Fhigh+resolution+mass+spectrometry+%28HRGC%2FHRMS%29+analytical+procedures.&rft.au=Ferrario%2C+J%3BByrne%2C+C%3BDupuy%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Ferrario&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-18 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ambient air concentrations of fine (PM2.5) manganese in U.S. national parks and in California and Canadian cities: the possible impact of adding MMT to unleaded gasoline. AN - 79050091; 9180062 AB - The October 1995 court decision allowing Ethyl Corporation to offer methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) for sale to refiners for introduction into unleaded gasoline as an octane enhancer is likely to result in increased fine (PM2.5) manganese (Mn) concentrations in ambient air. Concern exists regarding possible health effects. In this paper, recent fine Mn concentrations in three monitoring networks and one U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) study of personal exposure are analyzed. One network consists mainly of rural sites in national parks in the United States, a second consists mainly of urban sites in California, and the third consists mainly of urban sites in Canada where MMT has been used for a number of years. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, mean ambient concentrations ranged from 1 ng/m3 in the mostly rural network to 3 ng/m3 in the mostly urban California network to 12 ng/m3 in the MMT-impacted Canadian network. Several lines of evidence suggested that some of the fine Mn observed in the United States during the 1986-1992 period was contributed by automobiles using leaded gasoline, for which MMT was a registered fuel additive. However, the near-disappearance of leaded gasoline has resulted in a very small portion of fine Mn being attributed to automobiles in the years since 1992. A source apportionment analysis suggested that crustal contributions to ambient fine Mn are on the order of 1-2 ng/m3 in both the United States and Canada. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Wallace, L AU - Slonecker, T AD - U.S. EPA Office of Research and Development, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Reston, Virginia, USA. Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 642 EP - 652 VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Gasoline KW - Organometallic Compounds KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Manganese KW - 42Z2K6ZL8P KW - Index Medicus KW - California KW - Canada KW - Manganese -- analysis KW - Gasoline -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis KW - Organometallic Compounds -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79050091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Ambient+air+concentrations+of+fine+%28PM2.5%29+manganese+in+U.S.+national+parks+and+in+California+and+Canadian+cities%3A+the+possible+impact+of+adding+MMT+to+unleaded+gasoline.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L%3BSlonecker%2C+T&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=642&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-05 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - General guidelines for using the sediment quality triad AN - 52667681; 1997-076878 JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Chapman, Peter M AU - Anderson, Brian AU - Carr, Scott AU - Engle, Virginia D AU - Green, Roger AU - Hameedi, Jawed AU - Harmon, Michelle AU - Haverland, Pamela AU - Hyland, Jeff AU - Ingersoll, Chris G AU - Long, Edward R AU - Rodgers, John, Jr AU - Salazar, Michael AU - Sibley, Paul K AU - Smith, Paul J AU - Swartz, Richard C AU - Thompson, Bruce AU - Windom, Herbert L Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 368 EP - 372 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - pollution KW - sediment quality triad KW - analysis KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52667681?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=General+guidelines+for+using+the+sediment+quality+triad&rft.au=Chapman%2C+Peter+M%3BAnderson%2C+Brian%3BCarr%2C+Scott%3BEngle%2C+Virginia+D%3BGreen%2C+Roger%3BHameedi%2C+Jawed%3BHarmon%2C+Michelle%3BHaverland%2C+Pamela%3BHyland%2C+Jeff%3BIngersoll%2C+Chris+G%3BLong%2C+Edward+R%3BRodgers%2C+John%2C+Jr%3BSalazar%2C+Michael%3BSibley%2C+Paul+K%3BSmith%2C+Paul+J%3BSwartz%2C+Richard+C%3BThompson%2C+Bruce%3BWindom%2C+Herbert+L&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=368&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0025326X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MPNBAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - analysis; geochemistry; pollution; sediment quality triad; sediments; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential effects of climate changes on aquatic systems; Laurentian Great Lakes and Precambrian Shield region AN - 52613677; 1998-020388 JF - Hydrological Processes AU - Magnuson, J J AU - Webster, K E AU - Assel, R A AU - Bowser, C J AU - Dillon, P J AU - Eaton, J G AU - Evans, H E AU - Fee, E J AU - Hall, R I AU - Mortsch, L R AU - Schindler, D W AU - Quinn, F H A2 - Cushing, C. E. Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 825 EP - 871 PB - [Wiley], [New York] VL - 11 IS - 8 SN - 0885-6087, 0885-6087 KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - Laurentia KW - permafrost KW - Quaternary KW - lakes KW - ecosystems KW - fresh-water environment KW - glacial features KW - paleoclimatology KW - climate change KW - Wisconsinan KW - variations KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Cenozoic KW - limnology KW - Pleistocene KW - Great Lakes KW - Canadian Shield KW - geochemistry KW - aquatic environment KW - glacial lakes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52613677?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrological+Processes&rft.atitle=Potential+effects+of+climate+changes+on+aquatic+systems%3B+Laurentian+Great+Lakes+and+Precambrian+Shield+region&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+J+J%3BWebster%2C+K+E%3BAssel%2C+R+A%3BBowser%2C+C+J%3BDillon%2C+P+J%3BEaton%2C+J+G%3BEvans%2C+H+E%3BFee%2C+E+J%3BHall%2C+R+I%3BMortsch%2C+L+R%3BSchindler%2C+D+W%3BQuinn%2C+F+H&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=825&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrological+Processes&rft.issn=08856087&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/jhome/4125 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Regional assessment of freshwater ecosystems and climate change in North America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 242 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; Canadian Shield; Cenozoic; climate change; ecosystems; fresh-water environment; geochemistry; glacial features; glacial lakes; Great Lakes; hydrology; lakes; Laurentia; limnology; North America; paleoclimatology; permafrost; Pleistocene; processes; Quaternary; upper Pleistocene; variations; Wisconsinan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hitting the bull's-eye in groundwater sampling AN - 52607852; 1998-033963 JF - Pollution Engineering AU - Powell, Robert M AU - Puls, Robert W Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 50 EP - 54 PB - Cahners Publishing, Newton, MA VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0032-3640, 0032-3640 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - water supply KW - contaminant plumes KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - techniques KW - capillarity KW - migration of elements KW - preferential flow KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - detection KW - sampling KW - particulate materials KW - mobility KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52607852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pollution+Engineering&rft.atitle=Hitting+the+bull%27s-eye+in+groundwater+sampling&rft.au=Powell%2C+Robert+M%3BPuls%2C+Robert+W&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pollution+Engineering&rft.issn=00323640&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; capillarity; contaminant plumes; detection; ground water; leaking underground storage tanks; migration of elements; mobility; observation wells; particulate materials; pollutants; pollution; preferential flow; sampling; site exploration; techniques; unsaturated zone; water quality; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The present situation of water pollution in the Zhalong natural protected region and countermeasures for prevention and control AN - 51640127; 2006-011787 AB - The Zhalong natural protected region is the largest humid ecotype area in China. Due to economic development and the effect of human activity, surface water and ground water in this area have been polluted to some degree. This affects rare birds such as cranes in perching and breeding. It is extremely urgent to prevent and control this water pollution and protect the ecological environment. Countermeasures of prevention and control are suggested. JF - Heilongjiang Dizhi = Heilongjiang Geology AU - Sun, Huajiang AU - Wang, Li AU - Wang, Yongsun AU - Zhao, Huaying AU - Zhang, Enquan AU - Wang, Yali Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - June 1997 SP - 57 EP - 64 PB - Heilongjiang Sheng Dizhi Kuangchanju, Ha'erbin VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1002-2325, 1002-2325 KW - Far East KW - human activity KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - preventive measures KW - ground water KW - controls KW - Heilongjiang China KW - ecology KW - Asia KW - Zhalong China KW - water pollution KW - China KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51640127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Heilongjiang+Dizhi+%3D+Heilongjiang+Geology&rft.atitle=The+present+situation+of+water+pollution+in+the+Zhalong+natural+protected+region+and+countermeasures+for+prevention+and+control&rft.au=Sun%2C+Huajiang%3BWang%2C+Li%3BWang%2C+Yongsun%3BZhao%2C+Huaying%3BZhang%2C+Enquan%3BWang%2C+Yali&rft.aulast=Sun&rft.aufirst=Huajiang&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Heilongjiang+Dizhi+%3D+Heilongjiang+Geology&rft.issn=10022325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; China; controls; ecology; environmental analysis; Far East; ground water; Heilongjiang China; human activity; pollution; preventive measures; surface water; water pollution; Zhalong China ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alveolar breath sampling and analysis to assess trihalomethane exposures during competitive swimming training. AN - 21357973; 7709359 AB - Alveolar breath sampling was used to assess trihalomethane (THM) exposures encountered by collegiate swimmers during a typical 2-hr training period in an indoor natatorium. The breath samples were collected at regular intervals before, during, and for 3 hr after a moderately intense training workout. Integrated and grab whole-air samples were collected during the training period to help determine inhalation exposures, and pool water samples were collected to help assess dermal exposures. Resulting breath samples collected during the workout demonstrated a rapid uptake of two THMs (chloroform and bromodichloromethane), with chloroform concentrations exceeding the natatorium air levels within 8 min after the exposure began. Chloroform levels continued to rise steeply until they were more than two times the indoor levels, providing evidence that the dermal route of exposure was relatively rapid and ultimately more important than the inhalation route in this training scenario. Chloroform elimination after the exposure period was fitted to a three compartment model that allowed estimation of compartmental half-lives, resulting minimum bloodborne dose, and an approximation of the duration of elevated body burdens. We estimated the dermal exposure route to account for 80% of the blood chloroform concentration and the transdermal diffusion efficiency from the water to the blood to in excess of 2%. Bromodichloromethane elimination was fitted to a two compartment model which provided evidence of a small, but measurable, body burden of this THM resulting from vigorous swim training. These results suggest that trihalomethane exposures for competitive swimmers under prolonged, high-effort training are common and possibly higher than was previously thought and that the dermal exposure route is dominant. The exposures and potential risks associated with this common recreational activity should be more thoroughly investigated. Images Figure 1. Figure 2. Figure 3. Figure 4. Figure 5. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lindstrom, A B AU - Pleil, J D AU - Berkoff, D C AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - Jun 1997 SP - 636 EP - 642 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 VL - 105 IS - 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Inhalation KW - Water sampling KW - Training KW - Byproducts KW - Chloroform KW - Efficiency KW - Recreation areas KW - Trihalomethanes KW - body burden KW - Diffusion KW - Chlorination KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21357973?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Alveolar+breath+sampling+and+analysis+to+assess+trihalomethane+exposures+during+competitive+swimming+training.&rft.au=Lindstrom%2C+A+B%3BPleil%2C+J+D%3BBerkoff%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Lindstrom&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=636&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Training; Chloroform; Trihalomethanes; Byproducts; Chlorination; Inhalation; body burden; Recreation areas; Efficiency; Water sampling; Diffusion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Association of trace metal burdens with hemocyte activities in oysters from Tampa Bay, Florida AN - 16361023; 4219264 AB - During winter 1993, eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) were collected from 16 sites in Tampa Bay, Florida, that receive a range of pollutant types and amounts. Several physiological and defense-related measurements were collected from the oysters in order to evaluate their utility as potential biomarkers of xenobiotic exposure. Contaminant concentrations in oyster tissues were also measured in a composite tissue sample of 20 oysters from each site. Several measurements of oyster hemocyte activity (hemocyte number, percent mobility, rate of locomotion, phagocytic activity and superoxide anion (O sub(2) super(-)) producing ability showed elevated levels at sites where high tissue burdens of heavy metals were also present. The specific metals that seemed to be associated with increased hemocyte activities included barium, copper, iron and zinc, all divalent cations that may be sequestered within hemocytes. It is possible that accompanying the sequestration of these materials by oyster hemocytes, measurable elevation in certain functions occurs, providing a potential tool by which sublethal deleterious effects can be detected in oysters. (DBO) JF - Journal of Shellfish Research AU - Oliver, L M AU - Fisher, W S AD - U.S. EPA Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Gulf Ecol. Div., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - Jun 1997 SP - 351 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0077-5711, 0077-5711 KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - Crassostrea virginica KW - Pollution indicators KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Tampa, Tampa Bay KW - Indicator species KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16361023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.atitle=Association+of+trace+metal+burdens+with+hemocyte+activities+in+oysters+from+Tampa+Bay%2C+Florida&rft.au=Oliver%2C+L+M%3BFisher%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Oliver&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.issn=00775711&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Summary only. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution indicators; Indicator species; Crassostrea virginica; ASW, USA, Florida, Tampa, Tampa Bay; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perspectives on large-scale natural resource surveys when cause-effect is a potential issue AN - 16313443; 4256495 AB - Our objective is to present a perspective on large-scale natural resource monitoring when cause-effect is a potential issue. We believe that the approach of designing a survey to meet traditional commodity production and resource state descriptive objectives is too restrictive and unnecessarily limits the ability to investigate cause-effect issues. We only consider terrestrial natural resources, focusing on forests and rangeland. A large institutionalized programme is required to establish cause-effect relationships when monitoring terrestrial resources. This is justified based on the growing concerns about our natural resources. A long-term vision of a desirable future terrestrial monitoring system, realizing that it is not clear yet what key variables should be measured, will increase the chances that decisions on current designs will ultimately lead to better systems in the future. We propose a pronounced shift in the designs applied to forest and range, specifically, the National Resources Inventory (NRI), the Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA), and the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) programmes. The designs must not only address simple status and trends estimation but also give emphasis to identifying interesting changes occurring in the sampled populations thus facilitating identification and establishment of possible cause-effect relationships. We propose an integrated design consisting of a large-scale, long-term ongoing survey as the core design accompanied by supplemental experimental design studies or analytic survey. Continuous inventory involving annual measurement of a subset of the sample from selected populations should be implemented: inventorying a population every five years (as with NRI) or every ten years (as with FIA) is insufficient. FHM, FIA, and NRI should collect a subset of variables in common. Complementarity of data collected would make it more likely to identify promising cause-effect relationships for a wider range of resource variables. At this stage we recommend focusing on the mortality of trees, shrubs, forbs, and grasses as the key indicator of forest and range health. Mortality is objectively measurable and can often be detected by remote sensing. When possible, follow-up observational studies to document cause-effect relationships should be limited to public lands because of concern of infringing on the personal rights of landowners. This may not be possible if unrepresentative populations result because of this. If studies are designed properly, we could achieve our objectives yet tie such studies to current natural resource inventory systems. JF - Environmental and Ecological Statistics AU - Olsen, A R AU - Schreuder, H T AD - US EPA Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Western Ecol. Div., Corvallis, OR, USA Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - Jun 1997 SP - 167 EP - 180 VL - 4 IS - 2 SN - 1352-8505, 1352-8505 KW - environmental monitoring KW - forest management KW - surveys KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16313443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Ecological+Statistics&rft.atitle=Perspectives+on+large-scale+natural+resource+surveys+when+cause-effect+is+a+potential+issue&rft.au=Olsen%2C+A+R%3BSchreuder%2C+H+T&rft.aulast=Olsen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Ecological+Statistics&rft.issn=13528505&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A reformulated, reconstituted water for testing the freshwater amphipod, Hyalella azteca AN - 16092853; 4113761 AB - Toxicity testing with the freshwater amphipod, Hyalella azteca, has routinely been conducted using nonstandard waters. Four waters were tested for acceptability for aqueous reference toxicant testing with H. azteca. These included three formulated (standardized) waters: moderately hard reconstituted water (MHRW), reformulated moderately hard reconstituted water (RMHRW), and 25% dilute mineral water (DMW). The water used for comparison was a nonstandard, in-house culture water mixture of well water and dechlorinated tap water, diluted with Super-Q registered deionized water to a hardness of 100 mg/L, as CaCO sub(3) (LL/SQ). Control survival was less than the 90% minimum control survival criteria in all tests with MHRW. Two of five tests with DMW also failed to pass the minimum control survival criteria. All five tests with the RMHRW passed the control survival criteria. The mean 50% lethal concentration (LC50) for the tests in RMHRW was 320 mg/L KCl, with a coefficient of variation of 8.5%. Concurrent tests with the in-house water yielded control survival greater than 90% and a mean LC50 of 216 mg/L KCl with a coefficient of variation of 13.4%. Tests in an interlaboratory study yielded similar results. Whole-sediment toxicity tests conducted using RMHRW as the overlying water routinely exceed the 80% minimum survival criteria in the control and reference sediments. The failure of MHRW and DMW to produce acceptable results, as well as the inability of other laboratories to produce LL/SQ, makes RMHRW the best candidate for a standard water for H. azteca testing. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Smith, ME AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Herrin, LE AU - Brewer-Swartz, S AU - Thoeny, W T AD - US EPA, 26 W. Martin Luther King Blvd., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - Jun 1997 SP - 1229 EP - 1233 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Standardization KW - amphipods KW - fresh water KW - hardness KW - testing procedures KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - water KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - alkalinity KW - Standards KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16092853?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=A+reformulated%2C+reconstituted+water+for+testing+the+freshwater+amphipod%2C+Hyalella+azteca&rft.au=Smith%2C+ME%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BHerrin%2C+LE%3BBrewer-Swartz%2C+S%3BThoeny%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water; toxicity; toxicity tests; fresh water; alkalinity; Standards; toxicity testing; amphipods; hardness; testing procedures; Hyalella azteca; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a cation-exchange methodology for marine toxicity identification evaluation applications AN - 16070044; 4109574 AB - In phase I of a standard toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) six manipulations are used to characterize toxicity. The ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid addition manipulation is most often used to indicate toxicity caused by divalent metals. An alternative approach for characterizing/identifying metal toxicity is the use of cation-exchange chromatography. In this study, five cation-exchange media were compared to develop a method for using cation-exchange chromatography as part of a marine TIE. To be considered useful the cation-exchange media must meet the following criteria: (1) consistently (with minimal variability) extract and elute toxic concentrations of a mixture of metals spiked into seawater, (2) demonstrate negligible blank acute toxicity, and (3) function effectively with environmental samples. Two solid-phase extraction media met the criteria: Supelco's LC-WCX column and Alltech's Extract-Chelate column. In general, these columns were able to remove 80 to 100% of five metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) from spiked seawater, and 85 to 100% of metals could be eluted back into solution (except copper for which recovery was 65-75%). Columns functioned effectively with seawater spiked with metals concentrations approaching 600 mu g/L and showed low intercolumn variability (coefficient of variation = 1.0-14%). For actual environmental samples, once column breakthrough was assessed, both columns reduced toxicity and metal concentrations in postcolumn samples. Further, reconstituted column eluates were as toxic as whole samples. The methodology described can be used to assist in the TIE characterization and identification of toxic metals in environmental samples. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Burgess, R M AU - Charles, J B AU - Kuhn, A AU - Ho, K T AU - Patton, LE AU - McGovern, D G AD - US EPA, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Atlantic Ecol. Div., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - Jun 1997 SP - 1203 EP - 1211 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - biotesting KW - cation exchange KW - cation-exchange chromatography KW - marine organisms KW - sample preparation KW - testing procedures KW - toxicity testing KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - toxicity KW - metals KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16070044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+cation-exchange+methodology+for+marine+toxicity+identification+evaluation+applications&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BCharles%2C+J+B%3BKuhn%2C+A%3BHo%2C+K+T%3BPatton%2C+LE%3BMcGovern%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; biotesting; metals; marine organisms; toxicity testing; cation-exchange chromatography; sample preparation; cation exchange; testing procedures; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genome sizes of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, Desulfovibrio vulgaris, and Desulfobulbus propionicus estimated by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of linearized chromosomal DNA AN - 16034435; 4088739 AB - Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of linearized, full-length chromosomal DNA was used to estimate the genome sizes of three species of sulfate-reducing bacteria. Genome sizes of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, Desulfovibrio vulgaris, and Desulfobulbus propionicus were estimated to be 3.1, 3.6, and 3.7 Mb, respectively. These values are double the genome sizes previously determined for two Desulfovibrio species by two-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis of DNA cut with restriction enzymes. PFGE of full-length chromosomal DNA could provide a generally applicable method to rapidly determine bacterial genome size and organization. JF - Current Microbiology AU - Devereux, R AU - Willis, S G AU - Hines, ME AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - Jun 1997 SP - 337 EP - 339 VL - 34 IS - 6 SN - 0343-8651, 0343-8651 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Desulfobulbus propionicus KW - chromosomes KW - pulsed-field gel electrophoresis KW - genomes KW - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans KW - Desulfovibrio vulgaris KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16034435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Genome+sizes+of+Desulfovibrio+desulfuricans%2C+Desulfovibrio+vulgaris%2C+and+Desulfobulbus+propionicus+estimated+by+pulsed-field+gel+electrophoresis+of+linearized+chromosomal+DNA&rft.au=Devereux%2C+R%3BWillis%2C+S+G%3BHines%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Devereux&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Current+Microbiology&rft.issn=03438651&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; Desulfovibrio vulgaris; Desulfobulbus propionicus; genomes; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; chromosomes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urban wet-weather flows AN - 16033035; 4096468 AB - This section is composed of three basic subareas: combined sewer overflows (CSOs), sanitary sewer overflows (SSOs), and stormwater discharges. Much of the literature cited came from documents covering noteworthy global conferences (Bathala, 1996; Engineering Foundation, 1996; Hallam et al., 1996; Maxwell et al., 1996; Sieker and Verworn [Eds.], 1996; Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 1996; U.S. EPA 1996a; Water Environment Federation, 1996a,b,c). In addition, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) published guidance documents (U.S. EPA, 1996,c,d,e), which are discussed in more detail in the subsection Regulatory Policies and Financial Aspects. JF - Water Environment Research AU - Field, R AU - Pitt, R E AU - Fan, Chi-Yuan AU - Heaney, J P AU - Stinson, M K AU - DeGuida, R N AU - Perdek, J M AU - Borst, M AU - Hsu, King F AD - U.S. EPA (MS-104), Wet-Weather Flow Res. Prog., Urban Watershed Manage. Branch, Water Supply & Water Resour. Div., Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab. (Cincinnati), 2890 Woodbridge Ave., Edison, NJ 08837-3679, USA Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - Jun 1997 SP - 426 EP - 444 VL - 69 IS - 4 SN - 1061-4303, 1061-4303 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - storm water KW - urban areas KW - sewers KW - combined sewer overflows KW - weather KW - literature review KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16033035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+Research&rft.atitle=Urban+wet-weather+flows&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BPitt%2C+R+E%3BFan%2C+Chi-Yuan%3BHeaney%2C+J+P%3BStinson%2C+M+K%3BDeGuida%2C+R+N%3BPerdek%2C+J+M%3BBorst%2C+M%3BHsu%2C+King+F&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+Research&rft.issn=10614303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Literature Review 1997. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - literature review; combined sewer overflows; urban areas; sewers; storm water; weather ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's enforcement compliance audit programs: Increased environmental compliance and reduced civil penalties AN - 15950238; 4057855 AB - The EPA's recently issued operating principles for its enforcement and compliance assurance programs emphasize a commitment to traditional enforcement tools, as well as innovative voluntary compliance incentive programs. JF - Journal of Environmental Law and Practice AU - Jacobs, J D AU - Ahearn, C AD - EPA Off. Enforcement and Compliance Assurance's Toxics and Pestic. Enforcement Div., Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - Jun 1997 SP - 5 EP - 13 VL - 4 IS - 6 SN - 1070-0757, 1070-0757 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - EPA KW - pollution violations KW - compliance KW - environmental audits KW - federal regulations KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15950238?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Law+and+Practice&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+enforcement+compliance+audit+programs%3A+Increased+environmental+compliance+and+reduced+civil+penalties&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+J+D%3BAhearn%2C+C&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Law+and+Practice&rft.issn=10700757&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; compliance; pollution violations; federal regulations; environmental audits ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ambient air concentrations of fine (PM sub(2.2)) manganese in U.S. national parks and in California and Canadian cities: The possible impact of adding MMT to unleaded gasoline AN - 15939565; 4057729 AB - The October 1995 court decision allowing Ethyl Corporation to offer methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) for sale to refiners for introduction into unleaded gasoline as an octane enhancer is likely to result in increased fine (PM sub(2.5)) manganese (Mn) concentrations in ambient air. Concern exists regarding possible health effects. In this paper, recent fine Mn concentrations in three monitoring networks and one U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) study of personal exposure are analyzed. One network consists mainly of rural sites in national parks in the United States, a second consists mainly of urban sites in California, and the third consists mainly of urban sites in Canada where MMT has been used for a number of years. During the late 1980s and early 1990s, mean ambient concentrations ranged from 1 ng/m super(3) in the mostly rural network to 3 ng/m super(3) in the MMT-impacted Canadian network. Several lines of evidence suggested that some of the fine Mn observed in the United States during the 1986-1992 period was contributed by automobiles using leaded gasoline, for which MMT was a registered fuel additive. However, the near-disappearance of leaded gasoline has resulted in a very small portion of fine Mn being attributed to automobiles in the years since 1992. A source apportionment analysis suggested that crustal contributions to ambient fine Mn are on the order of 1-2 ng/m super(3) in both the United States and Canada. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Wallace, L AU - Slonecker, T AD - U.S. EPA Off. Res. and Develop., Natl. Exposure Res. Lab., Reston, VA, USA Y1 - 1997/06// PY - 1997 DA - Jun 1997 SP - 642 EP - 652 VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - national parks KW - air quality KW - additives KW - urban areas KW - gasoline KW - public health KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15939565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Ambient+air+concentrations+of+fine+%28PM+sub%282.2%29%29+manganese+in+U.S.+national+parks+and+in+California+and+Canadian+cities%3A+The+possible+impact+of+adding+MMT+to+unleaded+gasoline&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L%3BSlonecker%2C+T&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-06-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=642&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - public health; gasoline; additives; air quality; national parks; urban areas ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stereoselective dysmorphogenicity of the enantiomers of the valproic acid analogue 2-N-propyl-4-pentynoic acid (4-yn-VPA): cross-species evaluation in whole embryo culture. AN - 79216507; 9261925 AB - We previously reported the in vitro differential stereoselective dysmorphogenic potential of the R(+) and S(-) enantiomers of 2n-propyl-4-pentynoic acid (4-yn-VPA) in mice. To determine whether this stereoselectivity is species specific, we evaluated the dysmorphogenic potential of these isomers as well as valproic acid (VPA) to gestational day 9 rat embryos using whole embryo culture (WEC). Aqueous solutions of the sodium salts of R-4-yn-VPA, S-4-yn-VPA, 50%R/ 50%S-4-yn-VPA or VPA were added to the culture medium to give 0, 0.075, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, or 1.2 mmol/L and embryos were evaluated 48 hr later. The S-4-yn-VPA enantiomer gave clear concentration-dependent dysmorphology as well as effects on developmental score, somite number, crown rump length, and head length. Effects on rotation and defects of the neural tube, somites and heart were observed. Embryolethality was observed only at 1.2 mmol/L concentration. The R-4-yn-VPA enantiomer was neither embryo toxic nor dysmorphogenic at any concentration. VPA significantly reduced all parameters and was dysmorphogenic at the highest concentration but was not embryo lethal. The 50/50 mixture of R- and S-isomers appeared to elicit a degree of embryolethality and dysmorphology similar to VPA. The potency order for the four chemicals was S(-) > S(-)/R(+) = VPA > > > R(+), comparable to that observed in mice by either in vivo or in vitro exposure. These data demonstrate that the stereoselective dysmorphology for these enantiomers can be observed across species and is not related to maternal metabolism. JF - Teratology AU - Andrews, J E AU - Ebron-McCoy, M T AU - Bojic, U AU - Nau, H AU - Kavlock, R J AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, NHEERL, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 314 EP - 318 VL - 55 IS - 5 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Fatty Acids, Unsaturated KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - 2-n-propyl-4-pentynoic acid KW - 24102-11-2 KW - Valproic Acid KW - 614OI1Z5WI KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Mice KW - Species Specificity KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Male KW - Female KW - Valproic Acid -- analogs & derivatives KW - Fatty Acids, Unsaturated -- toxicity KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- embryology KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79216507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Stereoselective+dysmorphogenicity+of+the+enantiomers+of+the+valproic+acid+analogue+2-N-propyl-4-pentynoic+acid+%284-yn-VPA%29%3A+cross-species+evaluation+in+whole+embryo+culture.&rft.au=Andrews%2C+J+E%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M+T%3BBojic%2C+U%3BNau%2C+H%3BKavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=314&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Asthma and the environment. AN - 79123390; 9222140 JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Koren, H S AU - Utell, M J Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 534 EP - 537 VL - 105 IS - 5 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Asthma -- epidemiology KW - Asthma -- etiology KW - Environmental Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Asthma -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79123390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Asthma+and+the+environment.&rft.au=Koren%2C+H+S%3BUtell%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Koren&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=534&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-04 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulmonary structural and extracellular matrix alterations in Fischer 344 rats following subchronic phosgene exposure. AN - 79088122; 9193922 AB - Phosgene, an acylating agent, is a very potent inducer of pulmonary edema. Subchronic effects of phosgene in laboratory animals are not well characterized. The purpose of the study was to elucidate potential long-term effects on collagen and elastin metabolism during pulmonary injury/recovery and obtain information about the concentration x time (C x T) behavior of low levels of phosgene. Male Fischer 344 rats (60 days old) were exposed either to clean air or phosgene, 6 hr/day: 0.1 ppm (5 days/week), 0.2 ppm (5 days/week), 0.5 ppm (2 days/week), and 1.0 ppm (1 day/week), for 4 or 12 weeks. A group of rats was allowed clean air recovery for 4 weeks after 12 weeks of phosgene exposure. This exposure scenario was designed to provide equal C x T product for all concentrations at one particular time point except for 0.1 ppm (50% C x T). Phosgene exposure for 4 or 12 weeks increased lung to body weight ratio and lung displacement volume in a concentration-dependent manner. The increase in lung displacement volume was significant even at 0.1 ppm phosgene at 4 weeks. Light microscopic level histopathology examination of lung was conducted at 0.0, 0.1, 0.2, and 1.0 ppm phosgene following 4 and 12 and 16 weeks (recovery). Small but clearly apparent terminal bronchiolar thickening and inflammation were evident with 0.1 ppm phosgene at both 4 and 12 weeks. At 0.2 ppm phosgene, terminal bronchiolar thickening and inflammation appeared to be more prominent when compared to the 0.1 ppm group and changes in alveolar parenchyma were minimal. At 1.0 ppm, extensive inflammation and thickening of terminal bronchioles as well as alveolar walls were evident. Concentration rather than C x T seems to drive pathology response. Trichrome staining for collagen at the terminal bronchiolar sites indicated a slight increase at 4 weeks and marked increase at 12 weeks in both 0.2 and 1.0 ppm groups (0.5 ppm was not examined), 1.0 ppm being more intense. Whole-lung prolyl hydroxylase activity and hydroxyproline, taken as an index of collagen synthesis, were increased following 1.0 ppm phosgene exposure at 4 as well as 12 weeks, respectively. Desmosine levels, taken as an index of changes in elastin, were increased in the lung after 4 or 12 weeks in the 1.0 ppm phosgene group. Following 4 weeks of air recovery, lung hydroxyproline was further increased in 0.5 and 1.0 ppm phosgene groups. Lung weight also remained significantly higher than the controls; however, desmosine and lung displacement volume in phosgene-exposed animals were similar to controls. In summary, terminal bronchiolar and lung volume displacement changes occurred at very low phosgene concentrations (0.1 ppm). Phosgene concentration, rather than C x T product appeared to drive toxic responses. The changes induced by phosgene (except of collagen) following 4 weeks were not further amplified at 12 weeks despite continued exposure. Phosgene-induced alterations of matrix were only partially reversible after 4 weeks of clean air exposure. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Costa, D L AU - Giri, S N AU - Starcher, B AU - Hatch, G E AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 54 EP - 63 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Chemical Warfare Agents KW - 0 KW - Desmosine KW - 11003-57-9 KW - Phosgene KW - 117K140075 KW - Collagen KW - 9007-34-5 KW - Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase KW - EC 1.14.11.2 KW - Hydroxyproline KW - RMB44WO89X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Collagen -- metabolism KW - Desmosine -- metabolism KW - Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Hydroxyproline -- metabolism KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Extracellular Matrix -- drug effects KW - Extracellular Matrix -- metabolism KW - Phosgene -- adverse effects KW - Extracellular Matrix -- pathology KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Chemical Warfare Agents -- adverse effects KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79088122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+structural+and+extracellular+matrix+alterations+in+Fischer+344+rats+following+subchronic+phosgene+exposure.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+U+P%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BGiri%2C+S+N%3BStarcher%2C+B%3BHatch%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=54&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Aquatic pollution-induced immunotoxicity in wildlife species. AN - 79065694; 9193919 AB - The potential for chemicals to adversely affect human immunologic health has traditionally been evaluated in rodents, under laboratory conditions. These laboratory studies have generated valuable hazard identification and immunotoxicologic mechanism data; however, genetically diverse populations exposed in the wild may better reflect both human exposure conditions and may provide insight into potential immunotoxic effects in humans. In addition, comparative studies of species occupying reference and impacted sites provide important information on the effects of environmental pollution on the immunologic health of wildlife populations. In this symposium overview, Peter Hodson describes physiological changes in fish collected above or below the outflows of paper mills discharging effluent from the bleaching process (BKME). Effects attributable to BKME were identified, as were physiological changes attributable to other environmental factors. In this context, he discussed the problems of identifying true cause and effect relationships in field studies. Mohamed Faisal described changes in immune function of fish collected from areas with high levels of polyaromatic hydrocarbon contamination. His studies identified a contaminant-related decreases in the ability of anterior kidney leukocytes to bind to and kill tumor cell line targets, as well as changes in lymphocyte proliferation in response to mitogens. Altered proliferative responses of fish from the contaminated site were partially reversed by maintaining fish in water from the reference site. Peter Ross described studies in which harbor seals were fed herring obtained from relatively clean (Atlantic Ocean) and contaminated (Baltic Sea) waters. Decreased natural killer cell activity and lymphoproliferative responses to T and B cell mitogens, as well as depressed antibody and delayed hypersensitivity responses to injected antigens, were identified in seals fed contaminated herring. In laboratory studies, it was determined that rats fed freeze-dried Baltic Sea herring had higher virus titers after challenge with rat cytomegalovirus (RCMV) than rats fed Atlantic Ocean herring; perinatal exposure of rats to oil extracted from Baltic herring also reduced the response to challenge with RCMV. Keith Grassman reported an association between exposure to polyhalogenated aryl hydrocarbons and decreased T cell immunity in the offspring of fish-eating birds (herring gulls and Capsian terns) at highly contaminated sites in the Great Lakes. The greatest suppression of skin test responses to phytohemagglutinin injection (an indicator of T cell immunity) was consistently found at sites with the highest contaminant concentrations. Judith Zelikoff addressed the applicability of immunotoxicity studies developed in laboratory-reared fish for detecting altered immune function in wild populations. She presented data from studies done in her laboratory with environmentally relevant concentrations of metals as examples. Although the necessity of proceeding with caution when extrapolating across species was emphasized, she concluded that published data, and results presented by the other Symposium participants, demonstrate that assays similar to those developed for use in laboratory rodents may be useful for detecting immune system defects in wildlife species directly exposed to toxicants present in the environment. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Luebke, R W AU - Hodson, P V AU - Faisal, M AU - Ross, P S AU - Grasman, K A AU - Zelikoff, J Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 1 EP - 15 VL - 37 IS - 1 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oceans and Seas KW - Animals KW - Virginia KW - Fresh Water KW - Quebec KW - Great Lakes Region KW - Fishes KW - Birds KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Fish Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Bird Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Seals, Earless KW - Immune System Diseases -- veterinary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79065694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Aquatic+pollution-induced+immunotoxicity+in+wildlife+species.&rft.au=Luebke%2C+R+W%3BHodson%2C+P+V%3BFaisal%2C+M%3BRoss%2C+P+S%3BGrasman%2C+K+A%3BZelikoff%2C+J&rft.aulast=Luebke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of bleached kraft mill process water using Microtox(R), Ceriodaphnia dubia, and Menidia beryllina toxicity tests. AN - 79065175; 9175501 AB - To determine whether a 7- to 10-d embryo toxicity/teratogenicity test with the inland silverside fish, Menidia beryllina, is a sensitive indicator for evaluation of bleached kraft mill effluents, we compared this test with the Microtox(R) 15-min acute toxicity test and the Ceriodaphnia dubia 7-d chronic toxicity test. Water samples used in each test were collected from three areas in a bleached kraft pulp and paper mill using a 100% chlorine dioxide bleaching process: 1) river water prior to use in the mill; 2) the combined acid/base waste stream from the pulping process prior to biological treatment in the aerated stabilization basin (ASB); and 3) the effluent from the ASB with a retention time of approximately 11 d. Relative toxicity determined by the three tests for each water sampling location was compared. All three toxicity tests were predictive indicators of toxicity; however, the C. dubia and M. beryllina tests were the more similar and sensitive indicators of toxicity. Process water (ASB influent) prior to biological treatment in the ASB was toxic at all concentrations using the Microtox(R) and C. dubia tests. The fish embryo test showed no toxicity at 1% concentrations, slight toxicity at 10%, and acute toxicity at the 100% ASB influent concentration. Tests with biologically-treated ASB effluent indicated a substantial reduction in observed toxicity to Microtox(R) bacteria, C. dubia, and M. beryllina. No toxic responses were observed in any test at a 1% ASB effluent concentration which was the approximate effluent concentration in the receiving river following mixing. No relationship was found among any toxicological response and effluent levels of adsorbable organic halides, polychlorinated phenolic compounds, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran, total suspended solids, color, chemical oxygen demand, or total organic carbon. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Beckham, N AU - Fournie, J W AU - Deardorff, T L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, Environmental Research Laboratory, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA. Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 367 EP - 375 VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Paper KW - Daphnia -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Fishes KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79065175?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+bleached+kraft+mill+process+water+using+Microtox%28R%29%2C+Ceriodaphnia+dubia%2C+and+Menidia+beryllina+toxicity+tests.&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BBeckham%2C+N%3BFournie%2C+J+W%3BDeardorff%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and chronic toxicity of azinphos-methyl to two estuarine species, Mysidopsis bahia and Cyprinodon variegatus. AN - 79046518; 9175513 AB - The acute and chronic toxicity of azinphos-methyl (Guthion) was evaluated for two estuarine species in the laboratory. Mysids (Mysidopsis bahia) and sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) were selected as the representative invertebrate and vertebrate estuarine test species, respectively. The toxicological endpoints determined for each species included the 96-h LC50, the no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC), the maximum acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC), and the acute-to-chronic ratio. The 96-h LC50 value derived for sheepshead minnows (2.0 microg/L) was seven times higher than the 96-h LC50 value (0.29 microg/L) derived for mysids. The MATCs were 0.024 microg/L and 0.24 microg/L for the mysid and the sheepshead minnow, respectively. The estimated acute-to-chronic ratios were 12 for mysids and 8.3 for sheepshead minnows. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Morton, M G AU - Mayer, F L AU - Dickson, K L AU - Waller, W T AU - Moore, J C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 6, 1445 Ross Avenue, Dallas, Texas 75202, USA. Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 436 EP - 441 VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Azinphosmethyl KW - 265842EWUV KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Seawater KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Decapoda (Crustacea) -- drug effects KW - Azinphosmethyl -- toxicity KW - Cyprinidae -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79046518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+and+chronic+toxicity+of+azinphos-methyl+to+two+estuarine+species%2C+Mysidopsis+bahia+and+Cyprinodon+variegatus.&rft.au=Morton%2C+M+G%3BMayer%2C+F+L%3BDickson%2C+K+L%3BWaller%2C+W+T%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Morton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photoinduced toxicity of fluoranthene to seven marine benthic crustaceans. AN - 79041900; 9175504 AB - Seven marine benthic crustaceans were exposed in 4 d water-only toxicity tests to five concentrations of fluoranthene. After exposures, mortality (LC50) and the ability to bury in clean sediment (EC50) were determined. Survivors were then exposed to UV radiation for 1 h. The differences between LC50s and EC50s before and after UV exposure were used to assess photoinduced toxicity. UV exposure enhanced fluoranthene toxicity by as much as tenfold in five of the seven species tested (Rhepoxynius abronius, Eohaustorius estuarius, Leptocheirus plumulosus, Grandidierella japonica, and Corophium insidiosum). Species having the greatest potential for natural exposure to sunlight (Excirolana vancouverensis and Emerita analoga) were the least sensitive to photoinduced fluoranthene toxicity. Although photoinduced toxicity needs to be considered in environmental risk assessments, testing should be done, using ecologically relevant species and exposures. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Boese, B L AU - Lamberson, J O AU - Swartz, R C AU - Ozretich, R J AD - Coastal Ecology Branch, Western Ecology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2111 SE Marine Science Drive, Newport, Oregon 97365-5260, USA. Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 389 EP - 393 VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Fluorenes KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - fluoranthene KW - 360UOL779Z KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cadmium -- analysis KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Sunlight KW - Fluorenes -- toxicity KW - Crustacea -- radiation effects KW - Fluorenes -- analysis KW - Ultraviolet Rays -- adverse effects KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- analysis KW - Crustacea -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79041900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Photoinduced+toxicity+of+fluoranthene+to+seven+marine+benthic+crustaceans.&rft.au=Boese%2C+B+L%3BLamberson%2C+J+O%3BSwartz%2C+R+C%3BOzretich%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Boese&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exhaled human breath measurement method for assessing exposure to halogenated volatile organic compounds. AN - 79040964; 9166222 AB - The organic constituents of exhaled human breath are representative of blood-borne concentrations through gas exchange in the blood/breath interface in the lungs. The presence of specific compounds can be an indicator of recent exposure or represent a biological response of the subject. For volatile organic compounds (VOCs), sampling and analysis of breath is preferred to direct measurement from blood samples because breath collection is noninvasive, potentially infectious waste is avoided, and the measurement of gas-phase analytes is much simpler in a gas matrix rather than in a complex biological tissue such as blood. To exploit these advantages, we have developed the "single breath canister" (SBC) technique, a simple direct collection method for individual alveolar breath samples, and adapted conventional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analytical methods for trace-concentration VOC analysis. The focus of this paper is to describe briefly the techniques for making VOC measurements in breath, to present some specific applications for which these methods are relevant, and to demonstrate how to estimate exposure to example VOCs on the basis of breath elimination. We present data from three different exposure scenarios: (a) vinyl chloride and cis-1,2-dichloroethene from showering with contaminated water from a private well, (b) chloroform and bromodichloromethane from high-intensity swimming in chlorinated pool water, and (c) trichloroethene from a controlled exposure chamber experiment. In all cases, for all subjects, the experiment is the same: preexposure breath measurement, exposure to halogenated VOC, and a postexposure time-dependent series of breath measurements. Data are presented only to demonstrate the use of the method and how to interpret the analytical results. JF - Clinical chemistry AU - Pleil, J D AU - Lindstrom, A B AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory (MD-44), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PLEIL.JOACHIM@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 723 EP - 730 VL - 43 IS - 5 SN - 0009-9147, 0009-9147 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Ethylene Dichlorides KW - Halogens KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Water Pollutants KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - ethylene dichloride KW - 55163IJI47 KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Vinyl Chloride KW - WD06X94M2D KW - Index Medicus KW - Swimming Pools KW - Swimming KW - Chloroform -- analysis KW - Ethylene Dichlorides -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- analysis KW - Vinyl Chloride -- analysis KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Volatilization KW - Trichloroethylene -- analysis KW - Carcinogens -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Breath Tests -- methods KW - Halogens -- analysis KW - Breath Tests -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79040964?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Exhaled+human+breath+measurement+method+for+assessing+exposure+to+halogenated+volatile+organic+compounds.&rft.au=Pleil%2C+J+D%3BLindstrom%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Pleil&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+chemistry&rft.issn=00099147&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glutathione S-transferase-mediated mutagenicity of trihalomethanes in Salmonella typhimurium: contrasting results with bromodichloromethane off chloroform. AN - 79039098; 9169083 AB - Trihalomethanes (THMs) are the most prevalent disinfection by-products identified in chlorinated drinking water. Among the THMs, chloroform (CHCl3) generally occurs at the highest concentration in finished water, but the concentrations of each of the brominated THMs (CHBrCl2, CHBr2Cl, and CHBr3) can exceed that of CHCl3. Each of these four THMs was carcinogenic in rodents in chronic oral dosing studies. This study assessed THM mutagenicity in a strain of Salmonella typhimurium TA1535 that was transfected with rat theta-class glutathione S-transferase T1-1 (+GST). The +GST strain and its nontransfected parent strain (-GST) were employed in a plate-incorporation assay and exposed for 24 hr to the vapor of individual THMs at concentrations up to 25,600 ppm in sealed Tedlar bags. Base-substitution revertants were produced in the +GST strain in a dose-dependent fashion by CHBrCl2 but not by CHCl3. At 4800 ppm CHBrCl2, which produced a calculated agar concentration of 0.67 mM, there were 419 +/- 75 revertants per plate compared to a spontaneous level of 23 +/- 5. CHCl3 produced a doubling of revertants only at the two highest concentrations tested (19,200 and 25,600 ppm). These results indicate that bromination of THMs confers the capability for theta-class GST-mediated transformation to mutagenic intermediates at low substrate concentrations, suggesting the possibility of a similar activation route in humans. Further, the very low affinity of the GSH-dependent pathway for CHCl3 demonstrates that different THMs can induce adverse effects via different mechanisms, indicating that risk evaluations of THMs should not treat members of this class as if they shared a common mode of action. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Pegram, R A AU - Andersen, M E AU - Warren, S H AU - Ross, T M AU - Claxton, L D AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. pegram.rex@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 183 EP - 188 VL - 144 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Trihalomethanes KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- toxicity KW - Glutathione Transferase -- metabolism KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Chloroform -- toxicity KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79039098?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Glutathione+S-transferase-mediated+mutagenicity+of+trihalomethanes+in+Salmonella+typhimurium%3A+contrasting+results+with+bromodichloromethane+off+chloroform.&rft.au=Pegram%2C+R+A%3BAndersen%2C+M+E%3BWarren%2C+S+H%3BRoss%2C+T+M%3BClaxton%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Pegram&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=144&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-18 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental risk factors in atopic asthma. AN - 78973616; 9130486 AB - The evidence that asthma is increasing in prevalence is compelling. This trend has been demonstrated not only in the US, but also in the UK, New Zealand, Australia and several other Western countries. The causes of this increase are not known, but both indoor and outdoor air pollution are potential contributory factors. Although there is no convincing evidence to implicate air pollutants in the increased prevalence of asthma, the pathophysiology of this disease provides a basis to identify asthmatics as a subpopulation potentially sensitive to the effects of environmental pollutants. This contention is supported by both clinical and epidemiological studies. Epidemiologic studies of hospital admissions for asthma have implicated O3, the major component of photochemcial smog as contributing to the exacerbation of asthma; however, most study designs could not separate the O3 effects from the concomitant effects of acid aerosols and SO2. Controlled human clinical studies have suggested that asthmatics have similar changes in spirometry and airway reactivity in response to O3 exposures compared to healthy adults. However, a possible role of O3 in worsening atopic asthma has recently been suggested in studies combining allergen challenges following exposure to O3. Attempts at identification of factors that predispose asthmatics to responsiveness to NO2 have produced inconsistent results and thus further investigation is required. In summary, asthmatics have been shown to be a sensitive population relative to O3 and possibly other air pollutants. Further research linking epidemiologic, clinical, and toxicologic approaches is required to better understand and characterize the risk of exposing asthmatics to these pollutants. JF - International archives of allergy and immunology AU - Koren, H S AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, N.C. 27711, USA. koren.hillel@epamail.epa.gov PY - 1997 SP - 65 EP - 68 VL - 113 IS - 1-3 SN - 1018-2438, 1018-2438 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Public Health KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Ozone -- toxicity KW - Asthma -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78973616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+archives+of+allergy+and+immunology&rft.atitle=Environmental+risk+factors+in+atopic+asthma.&rft.au=Koren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Koren&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+archives+of+allergy+and+immunology&rft.issn=10182438&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-15 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Profiling areas of ground water contamination by pesticides in California; Phase II, Evaluation and modification of a statistical model AN - 52477607; 1999-037717 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Troiano, John AU - Nordmark, Craig AU - Barry, Terrell AU - Johnson, Bruce Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 301 EP - 318 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 45 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - United States KW - Tulare County California KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - observation wells KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - California KW - triazines KW - simazine KW - geographic information systems KW - bromacil KW - water use KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - principal components analysis KW - Fresno County California KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - infiltration KW - runoff KW - information systems KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52477607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Profiling+areas+of+ground+water+contamination+by+pesticides+in+California%3B+Phase+II%2C+Evaluation+and+modification+of+a+statistical+model&rft.au=Troiano%2C+John%3BNordmark%2C+Craig%3BBarry%2C+Terrell%3BJohnson%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Troiano&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bromacil; California; concentration; detection; environmental analysis; Fresno County California; geographic information systems; ground water; herbicides; hydrology; infiltration; information systems; land use; leaching; monitoring; observation wells; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; principal components analysis; runoff; simazine; soils; statistical analysis; triazines; Tulare County California; United States; water use ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis and remediation of the Miles Road landslide complex, Cuyahoga County, Ohio AN - 1645573531; 2015-006957 JF - Proceedings of the Annual Highway Geology Symposium AU - Shakoor, Abdul AU - Kroenke, Mark A Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 146 EP - 156 PB - Highway Geology Symposium, [varies] VL - 48 SN - 0160-9564, 0160-9564 KW - United States KW - engineering properties KW - stability KW - mapping KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - quantitative analysis KW - mass movements KW - drilling KW - Ohio KW - failures KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - inclinometers KW - friction KW - Miles Road KW - landslides KW - boreholes KW - northeastern Ohio KW - testing KW - scarps KW - Cuyahoga County Ohio KW - slope stability KW - field studies KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1645573531?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+Highway+Geology+Symposium&rft.atitle=Analysis+and+remediation+of+the+Miles+Road+landslide+complex%2C+Cuyahoga+County%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Shakoor%2C+Abdul%3BKroenke%2C+Mark+A&rft.aulast=Shakoor&rft.aufirst=Abdul&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+Highway+Geology+Symposium&rft.issn=01609564&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 48th highway geology symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sects., sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Studies in Geology 27 ISSN 02711648 N1 - Last updated - 2015-01-15 N1 - CODEN - PAHGAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - boreholes; Cuyahoga County Ohio; drilling; engineering properties; experimental studies; failures; field studies; friction; ground water; inclinometers; laboratory studies; landslides; mapping; mass movements; Miles Road; monitoring; northeastern Ohio; Ohio; quantitative analysis; remediation; scarps; slope stability; stability; testing; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of cyanide, iron-cyanide complexes, and a blast-furnace effluent to the banana prawn, Penaeus monodon AN - 16084340; 4115799 AB - The present study evaluates the toxicity of cyanides to an Australian prawn, Penaeus monodon. The organism is widely distributed in Australian waters and has ecological and commercial importance in being a source of food for both fish and humans. The toxicity of NaCN and the cyanide complexes K sub(3)Fe(CN) sub(6) and K sub(4)Fe(CN) sub(6) (commonly found in wastes of blast-furnace operations) was evaluated with the objective that data would be useful for reevaluating Australian water quality guidelines with respect to cyanides. The toxicity of an effluent sample from a blast-furnace rundown episode to P. monodon was also evaluated. Additional studies were conducted to investigate the toxicity of iron-cyanide complexes at the sublethal concentration range (below estimated 96-hr LC50 value), at pH of 9 and with slightly increased free cyanide content by spiking with NaCN. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Pablo, F AU - Buckney, R T AU - Lim, R P AD - Cent. for Ecotoxicol., NSW EPA, Westbourne St., Gore Hill, N.S.W. 2065, Australia Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 822 EP - 829 VL - 58 IS - 5 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Giant tiger prawn KW - Penaeus monodon KW - chemical pollutants KW - crustaceans KW - cyanide KW - marine organisms KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - Australia KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - effluents KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16084340?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+cyanide%2C+iron-cyanide+complexes%2C+and+a+blast-furnace+effluent+to+the+banana+prawn%2C+Penaeus+monodon&rft.au=Pablo%2C+F%3BBuckney%2C+R+T%3BLim%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Pablo&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=822&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollutants; toxicity; effluents; toxicity tests; water pollution; marine organisms; toxicity testing; cyanide; crustaceans; Penaeus monodon; Australia; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urinary mutagenicity as a biomarker in workers exposed to benzidine: Correlation with urinary metabolites and urothelial DNA adducts AN - 16082737; 4111667 AB - Urinary mutagenicity has been used in occupational and epidemiological studies for over two decades as a cost-effective, general biomarker of exposure to genotoxic agents. However, few studies have compared urinary mutagenicity to additional biomarkers determined among low- and high-exposed groups. To address this issue, we evaluated the relationship between urinary mutagenicity and other types of biomarkers in a cross-sectional study involving 15 workers exposed to the urinary bladder carcinogen benzidine (BZ, high exposure), 15 workers exposed to BZ-dyes (low exposure), and 13 unexposed controls in Ahmedabad, India. Urinary organics were extracted by C18/methanol and evaluated for mutagenicity in the presence of S9 in the Salmonella strain YG1024, which is a frameshift strain that overproduces acetyltransferase. The results were compared to biomarker data reported recently from the same urine samples (Rothman et al., Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA, 93, 5084-5089, 1996) that included a metabolite biomarker (the sum of the urinary levels of BZ + N-acetylbenzidine + N,N'-diacetylbenzidine) and a DNA adduct biomarker [a presumptive N-(3'-phosphodeoxyguanosin-8-yl)-N'-acetylbenzidine (C8dG-ABZ) DNA adduct in exfoliated urothelial cells]. The mean plus or minus SE urinary mutagenicity (revertants/ mu mol of creatinine) of the low-exposure (BZ-dye) workers was 8.2 plus or minus 2.4, which was significantly different from the mean of the controls (2.8 plus or minus 0.7, P = 0.04) as was that of the mean of the highexposure (BZ) workers (123.2 plus or minus 26.1, P < 0.0001). Urinary mutagenicity showed strong, positive correlations with urinary metabolites (r = 0.88, P < 0.0001) and the level of the presumptive C8dG-ABZ urothelial DNA adduct (r = 0.59, P = 0.0006). A strong association was found between tobacco use (bidi smoking) and urinary mutagenicity among the controls (r = 0.68, P = 0.01) but not among the exposed workers (r = 0.18, P = 0.11). This study confirms the ability of a biomarker such as urinary mutagenicity to detect low-dose exposures, identify additional genotoxic exposures among the controls, and correlate strongly with urinary metabolites and DNA adducts in the target tissue (urinary bladder epithelia) in humans. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Brooks, L R AU - Bhatnagar, V K AU - Hayes, R B AU - Eischen, B T AU - Shelton, M L AU - Zenser, T V AU - Talaska, G AU - Kashyap, S K AU - Dosemeci, M AU - Kashyap, R AU - Parikh, D J AU - Lakshmi, V AU - Hsu, F AU - Davis, B B AU - Jaeger, M AU - Rothman, N AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/05// PY - 1997 DA - May 1997 SP - 981 EP - 988 VL - 18 IS - 5 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - biomarkers KW - benzidine KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA adducts KW - urine KW - occupational exposure KW - mutagenicity KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16082737?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Urinary+mutagenicity+as+a+biomarker+in+workers+exposed+to+benzidine%3A+Correlation+with+urinary+metabolites+and+urothelial+DNA+adducts&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BBrooks%2C+L+R%3BBhatnagar%2C+V+K%3BHayes%2C+R+B%3BEischen%2C+B+T%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BZenser%2C+T+V%3BTalaska%2C+G%3BKashyap%2C+S+K%3BDosemeci%2C+M%3BKashyap%2C+R%3BParikh%2C+D+J%3BLakshmi%2C+V%3BHsu%2C+F%3BDavis%2C+B+B%3BJaeger%2C+M%3BRothman%2C+N&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=981&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mutagenicity; occupational exposure; DNA adducts; urine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Epidemiology of pesticide poisonings in the United States, with special reference to occupational cases. AN - 79131091; 9220482 JF - Occupational medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) AU - Blondell, J AD - Health Effects Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 209 EP - 220 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0885-114X, 0885-114X KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Survival Rate KW - Ambulatory Care -- statistics & numerical data KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Clinical Trials as Topic KW - Incidence KW - Hospitalization -- statistics & numerical data KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Pesticides -- poisoning KW - Occupational Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79131091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.atitle=Epidemiology+of+pesticide+poisonings+in+the+United+States%2C+with+special+reference+to+occupational+cases.&rft.au=Blondell%2C+J&rft.aulast=Blondell&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.issn=0885114X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-04 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - State pesticide regulatory programs: themes and variations. AN - 79121349; 9220492 AB - State pesticide regulation varies with region, with the amount and type of agriculture, with pesticide use, and with political conditions that are sometimes volatile and unpredictable. Dr. Arne offers an overview of state regulatory programs and their connections to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. JF - Occupational medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) AU - Arne, K H AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Seattle, Washington 98101, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 371 EP - 385 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0885-114X, 0885-114X KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Registries KW - State Government KW - Humans KW - Program Evaluation KW - United States Department of Agriculture KW - Documentation -- standards KW - Pesticides -- chemistry KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Chemical Industry -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79121349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.atitle=State+pesticide+regulatory+programs%3A+themes+and+variations.&rft.au=Arne%2C+K+H&rft.aulast=Arne&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.issn=0885114X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-04 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An overview of a multimedia benchmarking analysis for three risk assessment models: RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS. AN - 79106127; 9202489 AB - Multimedia modelers from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the United States Department of Energy (DOE) collaborated to conduct a detailed and quantitative benchmarking analysis of three multimedia models. The three models--RESRAD (DOE), MMSOILS (EPA), and MEPAS (DOE)--represent analytically-based tools that are used by the respective agencies for performing human exposure and health risk assessments. The study is performed by individuals who participate directly in the ongoing design, development, and application of the models. Model form and function are compared by applying the models to a series of hypothetical problems, first isolating individual modules (e.g., atmospheric, surface water, groundwater) and then simulating multimedia-based risk resulting from contaminant release from a single source to multiple environmental media. Study results show that the models differ with respect to environmental processes included (i.e., model features) and the mathematical formulation and assumptions related to the implementation of solutions. Depending on the application, numerical estimates resulting from the models may vary over several orders-of-magnitude. On the other hand, two or more differences may offset each other such that model predictions are virtually equal. The conclusion from these results is that multimedia models are complex due to the integration of the many components of a risk assessment and this complexity must be fully appreciated during each step of the modeling process (i.e., model selection, problem conceptualization, model application, and interpretation of results). JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Laniak, G F AU - Droppo, J G AU - Faillace, E R AU - Gnanapragasam, E K AU - Mills, W B AU - Strenge, D L AU - Whelan, G AU - Yu, C AD - United State Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research & Development, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 203 EP - 214 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Water Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Hazardous Waste -- adverse effects KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Government Agencies KW - Humans KW - Algorithms KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Risk Factors KW - Conservation of Energy Resources KW - Forecasting KW - Soil Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Multimedia KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Models, Statistical KW - Health KW - Models, Biological KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79106127?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=An+overview+of+a+multimedia+benchmarking+analysis+for+three+risk+assessment+models%3A+RESRAD%2C+MMSOILS%2C+and+MEPAS.&rft.au=Laniak%2C+G+F%3BDroppo%2C+J+G%3BFaillace%2C+E+R%3BGnanapragasam%2C+E+K%3BMills%2C+W+B%3BStrenge%2C+D+L%3BWhelan%2C+G%3BYu%2C+C&rft.aulast=Laniak&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-14 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hypothesis: iron chelation plays a vital role in neutrophilic inflammation. AN - 79105298; 9210296 AB - Neutrophil influx into tissues occurs in many diverse diseases and can be associated with both beneficial and injurious effects. We hypothesize that the stimulus for certain neutrophilic inflammatory responses can be reduced to a series of competing reactions for iron, with either a labile or reactive coordination site available, between host chelators and chelators not indigenous to that specific living system. The iron focuses the transport of host phagocytic cells through a metal catalyzed generation of oxidant sensitive mediators including cytokines and eicosanoids. Many of these products are chemotactic for neutrophils. We also postulate that the iron increases the activity of the phagocyte associated NADPH oxidoreductase in the neutrophil. The function of this enzyme is likely to be the generation of superoxide in the host's attempt to chemically reduce and dislodge the iron from its chelate complex. After the reoxidation of Fe2+ in an aerobic environment, Fe3+ will be coordinated by host lactoferrin released by the neutrophil. When complexed by this glycoprotein, the metal does not readily undergo oxidation/reduction and is safely transported to the macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system where it is stored in ferritin. Finally, we propose that the neutrophil will attempt to destroy the chelator not indigenous to the host by releasing granular contents other than lactoferrin. Inability to eliminate the chelator allows this sequence to repeat itself, which can lead to tissue injury. Such persistence of a metal chelate in the host may be associated with biomineralization, fibrosis, and cancer. JF - Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine AU - Ghio, A J AU - Piantadosi, C A AU - Crumbliss, A L AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 135 EP - 142 VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 0966-0844, 0966-0844 KW - Free Radicals KW - 0 KW - Iron Chelating Agents KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.6.- KW - Lactoferrin KW - EC 3.4.21.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Free Radicals -- adverse effects KW - Fibrosis -- etiology KW - Phagocytes -- cytology KW - Humans KW - Fibrosis -- metabolism KW - Iron -- metabolism KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Phagocytes -- metabolism KW - NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Lactoferrin -- metabolism KW - Phagocytes -- drug effects KW - Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Neoplasms -- metabolism KW - Neutrophils -- drug effects KW - Neutrophils -- pathology KW - Inflammation -- etiology KW - Neutrophils -- enzymology KW - Inflammation -- metabolism KW - Iron Chelating Agents -- pharmacology KW - Inflammation -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79105298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biometals+%3A+an+international+journal+on+the+role+of+metal+ions+in+biology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+medicine&rft.atitle=Hypothesis%3A+iron+chelation+plays+a+vital+role+in+neutrophilic+inflammation.&rft.au=Ghio%2C+A+J%3BPiantadosi%2C+C+A%3BCrumbliss%2C+A+L&rft.aulast=Ghio&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biometals+%3A+an+international+journal+on+the+role+of+metal+ions+in+biology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+medicine&rft.issn=09660844&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Stress proteins in reproductive toxicology. AN - 79080955; 9189710 JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Dix, D J Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 436 EP - 438 VL - 105 IS - 4 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Heat-Shock Proteins KW - Index Medicus KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development KW - Humans KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Gametogenesis -- drug effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Heat-Shock Proteins -- physiology KW - Heat-Shock Proteins -- chemistry KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79080955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Stress+proteins+in+reproductive+toxicology.&rft.au=Dix%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Dix&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Dev Dyn. 1997 Jan;208(1):125-36 [8989527] Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Aug;8(8):3260-6 [3211143] Biol Reprod. 1996 Jul;55(1):141-51 [8793069] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Mar;104 Suppl 1:107-21 [8722115] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 16;93(8):3264-8 [8622925] Dev Biol. 1996 Mar 15;174(2):310-21 [8631503] Radiat Res. 1995 Apr;142(1):91-7 [7899564] Teratology. 1994 Feb;49(2):135-42 [8016744] Genomics. 1993 Apr;16(1):193-8 [8486356] Physiol Rev. 1992 Oct;72(4):1063-81 [1438579] Teratology. 1992 Sep;46(3):301-9 [1523587] Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1991;11(5):235-44 [1687901] Gene. 1990 Mar 15;87(2):199-204 [2332169] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(19):6455-9 [3931075] Mol Reprod Dev. 1996 Nov;45(3):276-84 [8916037] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of risks associated with the use of molinate. AN - 79054209; 9185890 AB - A review of the toxicological information indicated that the most critical/sensitive toxicological endpoints of concern for human exposure to molinate, a thiocarbamate, preemergent herbicide, were adverse reproductive effects, neurotoxicity, and possible oncogenicity. Occupational and nonoccupational exposures to molinate potentially involved oral, dermal, and inhalation routes. Margins of safety for potential short-term, seasonal, annual, and lifetime exposures to workers associated with handling and application of molinate, the general public, and farmers were greater than the values conventionally recommended to protect people from the toxic effects of a chemical. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Cochran, R C AU - Formoli, T A AU - Pfeifer, K F AU - Aldous, C N AD - Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 95814, USA. Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 146 EP - 157 VL - 25 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Azepines KW - 0 KW - Carbamates KW - Herbicides KW - Thiocarbamates KW - molinate KW - 68N5G08DJQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Child KW - Male KW - Female KW - Herbicides -- adverse effects KW - Azepines -- adverse effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79054209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+risks+associated+with+the+use+of+molinate.&rft.au=Cochran%2C+R+C%3BFormoli%2C+T+A%3BPfeifer%2C+K+F%3BAldous%2C+C+N&rft.aulast=Cochran&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uptake and decay of volatile organic compounds at environmental concentrations: application of a four-compartment model to a chamber study of five human subjects. AN - 79050816; 9185009 AB - Five subjects were exposed to nine volatile organic compounds (VOCs) at concentrations that can be encountered in everyday life. Breath samples were collected during a 10-h uptake phase and a 24-h decay phase. It was possible to determine four distinct slopes in the decay curve for each chemical. The distribution in the body and residence times in different tissues were calculated using a linear four-compartment mass-balance model. The model was used to predict breath concentrations for two subjects in a second chamber experiment including the same nine VOCs, representing three chemical classes (aromatic, aliphatic, and chlorinated compounds). Predicted values were generally within 25% of those observed, suggesting that the model parameters calculated here could be useful in estimating exposure and body burden to other VOCs in these three classes. Median residence times for the nine VOCs ranged from 3-12 min for compartment 1 (metabolizing); 0.3-2 h for compartment 2; 2-5 h for compartment 3; and 1-4 d for compartment 4. The fraction of the parent compound exhaled at equilibrium was estimated to range from 0.06-0.16 for four aromatic compounds and decane; 0.22-0.23 for trichloroethylene and dichloromethane; 0.35 for hexane; and 0.88 for 1,1,1-trichloroethane. Limited blood measurements were obtained for six of the nine VOCs in two subjects simultaneously with the breath samples over four-hour decay periods. Blood/breath ratios agreed well between the two subjects, but were higher than human blood/air partition coefficients reported in subjects exposed to high concentrations. This observation is consistent with results from other studies at relatively low concentrations. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Wallace, L A AU - Nelson, W C AU - Pellizzari, E D AU - Raymer, J H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Environmental Photographic Interpretation Center Reston, Virginia 20192, USA. wallace.lance@epamail.epa.gov PY - 1997 SP - 141 EP - 163 VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Alkanes KW - Benzene Derivatives KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Logistic Models KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Metabolic Clearance Rate KW - Atmosphere Exposure Chambers KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Middle Aged KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Female KW - Breath Tests KW - Alkanes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzene Derivatives -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- pharmacokinetics KW - Air Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79050816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Uptake+and+decay+of+volatile+organic+compounds+at+environmental+concentrations%3A+application+of+a+four-compartment+model+to+a+chamber+study+of+five+human+subjects.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L+A%3BNelson%2C+W+C%3BPellizzari%2C+E+D%3BRaymer%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-14 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field evaluation of an immunoassay for benzene, toluene and xylene (BTX) AN - 52694721; 1997-057835 JF - Water Research (Oxford) AU - Gerlach, Robert W AU - White, Richard J AU - O'Leary, N F Deirdre AU - van Emon, Jeannette M Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 941 EP - 945 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Morocco KW - contaminant plumes KW - North Africa KW - detection limit KW - toluene KW - gas chromatograms KW - Clark County Nevada KW - ground water KW - immunoassays KW - chemical composition KW - Atlas Mountains KW - Nevada KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - Moroccan Atlas Mountains KW - experimental studies KW - pollution KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - hydrocarbons KW - Las Vegas Nevada KW - Africa KW - xylene KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52694721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Field+evaluation+of+an+immunoassay+for+benzene%2C+toluene+and+xylene+%28BTX%29&rft.au=Gerlach%2C+Robert+W%3BWhite%2C+Richard+J%3BO%27Leary%2C+N+F+Deirdre%3Bvan+Emon%2C+Jeannette+M&rft.aulast=Gerlach&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=941&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00431354 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WATRAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; Atlas Mountains; benzene; chemical composition; Clark County Nevada; concentration; contaminant plumes; detection; detection limit; experimental studies; gas chromatograms; ground water; hydrocarbons; immunoassays; Las Vegas Nevada; leaking underground storage tanks; Moroccan Atlas Mountains; Morocco; Nevada; North Africa; organic compounds; pollution; toluene; United States; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multimedia benchmarking analysis for three risk assessment models; RESRAD, MMSOILS, and MEPAS AN - 52690650; 1997-059010 JF - Risk Analysis AU - Mills, William B AU - Cheng, J J AU - Droppo, James G, Jr AU - Faillace, Ernest R AU - Gnanapragasam, Emmanuel K AU - Johns, Robert A AU - Laniak, Gerard F AU - Lew, Christine S AU - Strenge, Dennis L AU - Sutherland, Jonna F AU - Whelan, Gene AU - Yu, Charley Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 187 EP - 201 PB - Society for Risk Analysis, New York-London VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - soils KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - surface water KW - unsaturated zone KW - RESRAD KW - MMSOILS KW - models KW - saturated zone KW - radioactive isotopes KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - uranium KW - U-238 KW - actinides KW - MEPAS KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52690650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Multimedia+benchmarking+analysis+for+three+risk+assessment+models%3B+RESRAD%2C+MMSOILS%2C+and+MEPAS&rft.au=Mills%2C+William+B%3BCheng%2C+J+J%3BDroppo%2C+James+G%2C+Jr%3BFaillace%2C+Ernest+R%3BGnanapragasam%2C+Emmanuel+K%3BJohns%2C+Robert+A%3BLaniak%2C+Gerard+F%3BLew%2C+Christine+S%3BStrenge%2C+Dennis+L%3BSutherland%2C+Jonna+F%3BWhelan%2C+Gene%3BYu%2C+Charley&rft.aulast=Mills&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RIANDF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; isotopes; landfills; MEPAS; metals; MMSOILS; models; pollutants; radioactive isotopes; RESRAD; risk assessment; saturated zone; soils; surface water; U-238; unsaturated zone; uranium ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil gas oxygen tension and pentachlorophenol biodegradation AN - 52213833; 2001-050014 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Hurst, C Jestin AU - Sims, Ronald C AU - Sims, Judith L AU - Sorensen, Darwin L AU - McLean, Joan E AU - Huling, Scott Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 364 EP - 370 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 123 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - United States KW - Libby Montana KW - degradation KW - oxygen KW - creosote KW - soil vapor extraction KW - techniques KW - chlorophenols KW - air sparging KW - remediation KW - Lincoln County Montana KW - laboratory studies KW - toxicity KW - decontamination KW - soils KW - forests KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - pentachlorophenol KW - rates KW - solubility KW - cost KW - Montana KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - leaching KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52213833?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Soil+gas+oxygen+tension+and+pentachlorophenol+biodegradation&rft.au=Hurst%2C+C+Jestin%3BSims%2C+Ronald+C%3BSims%2C+Judith+L%3BSorensen%2C+Darwin+L%3BMcLean%2C+Joan+E%3BHuling%2C+Scott&rft.aulast=Hurst&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=364&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air sparging; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; chlorophenols; concentration; cost; creosote; decontamination; degradation; experimental studies; forests; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; leaching; Libby Montana; Lincoln County Montana; Montana; organic compounds; oxygen; pentachlorophenol; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; rates; remediation; soil treatment; soil vapor extraction; soils; solubility; techniques; toxicity; United States; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The entrapment of the freshwater lense in beaches under tidal and wave actions AN - 50095756; 2010-012928 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Boufadel, Michel C AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Wrenn, Brian A AU - Venosa, Alberta D AU - Haines, John R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 171 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 17, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - lenses KW - sea water KW - salt-water intrusion KW - density KW - unsaturated zone KW - fresh water KW - capillary water KW - salinity KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - buoyancy KW - tides KW - beaches KW - viscosity KW - sensitivity analysis KW - ocean waves KW - coastal environment KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50095756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+entrapment+of+the+freshwater+lense+in+beaches+under+tidal+and+wave+actions&rft.au=Boufadel%2C+Michel+C%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BWrenn%2C+Brian+A%3BVenosa%2C+Alberta+D%3BHaines%2C+John+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Boufadel&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=17%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1997 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - beaches; buoyancy; capillary water; coastal environment; density; fresh water; ground water; lenses; ocean waves; salinity; salt-water intrusion; sea water; sensitivity analysis; tides; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; viscosity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of cation exchange properties on soil chemistry during field scale electroosmosis using horizontal fractures AN - 50093122; 2010-012947 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Chen, Jiann-Long AU - Al-Abed, Souhail AU - Taras, L AU - Murdoch, Larry AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 174 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 17, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - electro-osmosis KW - experimental studies KW - cation exchange capacity KW - clay mineralogy KW - electrochemical properties KW - fractures KW - chemical properties KW - electrolysis KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - horizontal orientation KW - field studies KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 25:Soils KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50093122?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Report+-+University+of+Illinois+at+Urbana-Champaign%2C+Water+Resources+Center&rft.atitle=Are+erosion+control+programs+reducing+sedimentation%3F&rft.au=Roseboom%2C+D+P%3BSinclair%2C+R%3BEicken%2C+Gary%3BWoods%2C+Pat&rft.aulast=Roseboom&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Report+-+University+of+Illinois+at+Urbana-Champaign%2C+Water+Resources+Center&rft.issn=07330502&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1997 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cation exchange capacity; chemical properties; clay mineralogy; electro-osmosis; electrochemical properties; electrolysis; experimental studies; field studies; fractures; geochemistry; horizontal orientation; hydraulic conductivity; hydrology; pH; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Labels: A New Policy Strategy AN - 1761704027; 199702198 AB - Examines third-party ecolabeling programs created 1988-1993 to verify manufacturer claims of product environmental friendliness, eg, "recyclable" or "phosphate free." Examples of the certification process are provided, & the role of the US federal government as a model for private institutions is discussed. R. Green JF - Forum for Applied Research and Public Policy AU - Lynch, Julie W AD - Office Pollution Prevention & Toxics US Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M St SW Washington DC 20460 Y1 - 1997/04// PY - 1997 DA - April 1997 SP - 121 EP - 123 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0887-8218, 0887-8218 KW - environmental labeling, third-party verification/certification programs/policy, US government role KW - illustrative examples KW - Environmentalism KW - Government Regulation KW - Products KW - Marketing KW - United States of America KW - Environmental Policy KW - Environmental Protection KW - Consumers KW - Certification KW - article KW - 7214: housing policy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1761704027?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Asocialservices&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forum+for+Applied+Research+and+Public+Policy&rft.atitle=Environmental+Labels%3A+A+New+Policy+Strategy&rft.au=Lynch%2C+Julie+W&rft.aulast=Lynch&rft.aufirst=Julie&rft.date=1997-04-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forum+for+Applied+Research+and+Public+Policy&rft.issn=08878218&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - Social Services Abstracts N1 - Date revised - 2016-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-28 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmentalism; Consumers; Products; Government Regulation; Environmental Protection; Marketing; Certification; Environmental Policy; United States of America ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hypothermia and delayed fever in the male and female rat exposed to chlorpyrifos. AN - 78967532; 9129169 AB - Chlorpyrifos (CHL) is a commonly used organophosphate (OP) pesticide which irreversibly inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity in the CNS. Little is known regarding the thermoregulatory effects of CHL when administered orally and whether the sensitivity to CHL is affected by sex. To address these issues, male and female rats of the Long-Evans strain were administered 0, 10, 50, or 80 mg/kg CHL by gavage while core temperature (T(c)) and motor activity (MA) were monitored continuously by telemetry. Females were generally more sensitive than males to CHL. Significant hypothermic responses to CHL were observed in males administered 80 mg/kg and in females administered 10-80 mg/kg. Following recovery from hypothermia T(c) of both males and females underwent a significant elevation during the light phase 1-2 days after CHL exposure. CHL-induced hyperthermia was blocked in male and female rats by administration of 200 mg/kg sodium salicylate (SS), an antipyretic agent. Male castrated rats were markedly more sensitive to the hypothermic and hyperthermic effects of CHL compared to sham operated controls. On the other hand, ovariectomized female rats responded to CHL in a similar fashion as the sham operated controls. Thus, testicular function may be important in determining greater resistance to CHL in male rats. It appears that exposure to CHL leads to a delayed fever which involves activation of CNS pathways normally involved in fever. This mechanism could be responsible for the febrile response to OP pesticides commonly observed in humans exposed to OPs. JF - Toxicology AU - Gordon, C J AU - Grantham, T A AU - Yang, Y AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. gordon@her145.her1.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/03/28/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Mar 28 SP - 149 EP - 158 VL - 118 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Sodium Salicylate KW - WIQ1H85SYP KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Sex Factors KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- therapeutic use KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- administration & dosage KW - Sodium Salicylate -- pharmacology KW - Castration KW - Rats KW - Sodium Salicylate -- administration & dosage KW - Central Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Ovariectomy KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Sodium Salicylate -- therapeutic use KW - Male KW - Female KW - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal -- pharmacology KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Fever -- chemically induced KW - Hypothermia -- prevention & control KW - Chlorpyrifos -- administration & dosage KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Insecticides -- administration & dosage KW - Fever -- prevention & control KW - Hypothermia -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78967532?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Hypothermia+and+delayed+fever+in+the+male+and+female+rat+exposed+to+chlorpyrifos.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BGrantham%2C+T+A%3BYang%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-03-28&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of the hypothermic response in inhalation toxicology studies. AN - 78949233; 9100977 AB - Previous studies from this laboratory showed that the decreases in Tco and associated functional parameters often observed in rodents following exposure to xenobiotic agents are capable of modulating the subsequent toxic response and that the magnitude of this induced hypothermic response may itself be modified by a number of experimental conditions. A moderate hypothermic response, characterized by a temperature drop of approximately 2 degrees C, appears to afford the optimal protection. Studies in which exposures occur through inhalation of harmful gases or particles present a special set of problems. In such studies, the dose of the toxic agent to which the animal is exposed is a function of the concentration of the agent in the atmosphere and the minute ventilation of the animal. Although ambient concentrations is generally held constant in laboratory studies, minute ventilation varies directly with metabolism, and both of these parameters may change significantly across experimental conditions. Thus, at low Tas, metabolism and minute ventilation are relatively high and uptake of inhalable toxic agents is increased. However, the development of the hypothermic response during the exposure entails a directly correlated reduction in these parameters and, presumably, in dose. For the most part, inhalation toxicological studies are conducted using resting animals or exercising humans. Animals are sometimes concurrently exposed to CO2 to simulate the increased ventilation of exercise and more closely mimic human studies. The experimental protocols employed in the above inhalation studies permitted examination of (1) the impact of species, size, handling stress, and changes in Ta on both the induced hypothermic response and the concomitant pulmonary toxicity; (2) the additive impact of exercise stress on O3 toxicity; and (3) the toxicity of ambient-derived particulate matter in normal rats and in rats with preexisting pulmonary inflammation. The results of these studies demonstrate that the magnitude of the induced hypothermic response is directly proportional to the uptake of the toxic agent by the lung and inversely proportional to the mass of the animal and the ambient temperature at which the exposure is conducted. The hypothermic response is sensitive to a number of experimental stresses including handling and changes in cage conditions. Exercise attenuates the hypothermic response, whereas CO2-stimulated increases in ventilation employed as an exercise surrogate may potentiate the response. Toxic exposures conducted in animals with lung disease or compromised pulmonary function may induce a severe hypothermic response while comparable exposures in normal animals produce only mild or moderate responses. In general, the development of the hypothermic response in the presence of ambient pollutants serves to decrease the minute ventilation of the animal and therefore limits the uptake and dose of the airborne toxicant. The results of these inhalation studies support our previous conclusions concerning the impact of the hypothermic response on toxicity and emphasize the need to monitor and incorporate these changes in functional parameters into analyses of toxicological data. Furthermore, because humans do not demonstrate a robust hypothermic response following exposure to toxic agents, extrapolation of the results obtained from animal studies and comparisons with data from human studies are considerably more complicated. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Campen, M J AU - Lyon, J Y AU - Highfill, J W AU - Wiester, M J AU - Costa, D L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. watkinson@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/03/15/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Mar 15 SP - 849 EP - 863 VL - 813 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Xenobiotics KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Physical Exertion KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Species Specificity KW - Ozone -- toxicity KW - Xenobiotics -- administration & dosage KW - Hypothermia -- chemically induced KW - Xenobiotics -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78949233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Impact+of+the+hypothermic+response+in+inhalation+toxicology+studies.&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W+P%3BCampen%2C+M+J%3BLyon%2C+J+Y%3BHighfill%2C+J+W%3BWiester%2C+M+J%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1997-03-15&rft.volume=813&rft.issue=&rft.spage=849&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-01 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermoregulatory response to chemical toxicants and other insults. Extrapolation from experimental animal to human. AN - 78922049; 9100976 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Gordon, C J AU - Yang, Y AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. gordon@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/03/15/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Mar 15 SP - 835 EP - 848 VL - 813 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Ethanol KW - 3K9958V90M KW - Index Medicus KW - Thermoreceptors -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Circadian Rhythm KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Ethanol -- pharmacology KW - Humans KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Mice KW - Cricetinae KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78922049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Thermoregulatory+response+to+chemical+toxicants+and+other+insults.+Extrapolation+from+experimental+animal+to+human.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BYang%2C+Y&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-03-15&rft.volume=813&rft.issue=&rft.spage=835&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-01 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction to the symposium. AN - 79111391; 9221034 JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Kimmel, C A AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 261 EP - 263 VL - 11 IS - 2-3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Index Medicus KW - Epidemiologic Methods KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Congenital Abnormalities -- etiology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79111391?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+the+symposium.&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-14 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Systematic considerations in the area of multiple chemical sensitivity. AN - 79038958; 9167984 AB - Many workers who speculate about multiple chemical sensitivity (MCS) have devised a large number of hypothetical constructs designed to explain the phenomena. Too often these are not logically connected to the larger body of scientific thought but instead appeal to ideas not documented in accessible literature and often appearing metaphysical in nature. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Benignus, V A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. benignus.vernon@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 485 VL - 105 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - Research Design KW - Models, Biological KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79038958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Systematic+considerations+in+the+area+of+multiple+chemical+sensitivity.&rft.au=Benignus%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Benignus&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=105+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=485&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-11 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Mar;105 Suppl 2:479-83 [9167983] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultraviolet radiation-induced immune modulation: potential consequences for infectious, allergic, and autoimmune disease. AN - 79032347; 9171995 JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Selgrade, M K AU - Repacholi, M H AU - Koren, H S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 332 EP - 334 VL - 105 IS - 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Lymphocytes -- radiation effects KW - Mice KW - Communicable Diseases -- immunology KW - Radiation Injuries, Experimental -- immunology KW - Autoimmune Diseases -- immunology KW - Immune System -- radiation effects KW - Ultraviolet Rays -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79032347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Ultraviolet+radiation-induced+immune+modulation%3A+potential+consequences+for+infectious%2C+allergic%2C+and+autoimmune+disease.&rft.au=Selgrade%2C+M+K%3BRepacholi%2C+M+H%3BKoren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Selgrade&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=332&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Toxicol Suppl. 1996;18:21-8 [8678797] Photochem Photobiol. 1995 Sep;62(3):389-401 [8570698] J Photochem Photobiol B. 1995 Nov;31(1-2):57-61 [8568604] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1995 Jan;24(1):13-21 [7713335] Photochem Photobiol. 1995 Mar;61(3):223-47 [7716186] Photochem Photobiol. 1995 Jul;62(1):94-100 [7638275] Clin Immunol Immunopathol. 1994 Jul;72(1):62-9 [8020194] Immunogenetics. 1994;39(1):29-39 [8225436] Cell Immunol. 1990 Oct 1;130(1):32-41 [2204482] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Evolving concepts of chemical sensitivity. AN - 79021724; 9167979 AB - Chemical sensitivity appears to be an elusive phenomenon. Studies on individual differences in susceptibility may provide glimpses into the range of sensitivity in a population, which can be used for further study. Preliminary evidence in laboratory animals suggests the range of sensitivity to manufactured chemicals may span orders of magnitude. Determining the reasons that underlie individual differences in sensitivity is a more difficult enterprise. Conditioning of adverse physiological effects of airborne chemicals may play a vital role in the etiology of chemical sensitivity, and it provides a rigorous laboratory model by which to investigate some aspects of this elusive phenomenon. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - MacPhail, R C Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 455 EP - 456 VL - 105 Suppl 2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Animals KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - Neuroimmunomodulation KW - Models, Biological KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity -- etiology KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79021724?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Evolving+concepts+of+chemical+sensitivity.&rft.au=MacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=MacPhail&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=105+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=455&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-11 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1976 May;197(2):303-10 [1271282] Arch Environ Health. 1988 Jan-Feb;43(1):38-45 [3355242] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1992 Apr 30;641:294-303 [1580477] Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Mar;105 Suppl 2:527-9 [9167991] Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Mar;105 Suppl 2:445-53 [9167978] Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Mar;105 Suppl 2:521-6 [9167990] Am J Public Health. 1994 May;84(5):731-6 [8179040] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory testing of the patient with multiple chemical sensitivity. AN - 79018303; 9167977 AB - Multiple diagnostic laboratory tests are frequently used in the clinical evaluation of persons with multiple chemical sensitivity without a clear a priori hypothesis. In addition, many of these tests are performed despite a lack of understanding of the test technical performance characteristics or the clinical significance (test sensitivity and specificity). The result is a plethora of laboratory data that have little clinical relevance and that can be both misleading and misused. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Kehrl, H R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. kehrl.kehrl@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 443 EP - 444 VL - 105 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Xenobiotics KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Health KW - Immunologic Tests KW - Humans KW - Xenobiotics -- blood KW - Clinical Laboratory Techniques -- methods KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity -- blood KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity -- immunology KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity -- diagnosis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79018303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Laboratory+testing+of+the+patient+with+multiple+chemical+sensitivity.&rft.au=Kehrl%2C+H+R&rft.aulast=Kehrl&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=105+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-11 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Mar;105 Suppl 2:437-41 [9167976] Environ Health Perspect. 1997 Mar;105 Suppl 2:417-36 [9167975] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Discriminant analysis indicates a single sperm protein (SP22) is predictive of fertility following exposure to epididymal toxicants. AN - 79000112; 9154508 AB - In a previous study, we found that ethane dimethanesulphonate (EDS) compromised the fertilizing ability of proximal cauda epididymal sperm from the rat within 4 days of exposure, an effect that persisted in castrated, testosterone (T)-implanted animals, establishing direct action on the epididymis. This EDS-induced reduction in fertilizing ability was highly correlated with a quantitative decrease in specific sperm protein. Here we sought to determine whether the fertility of proximal cauda epididymal sperm recovered from animals exposed to a variety of male reproductive toxicants could be predicted by assessing quantitative changes in specific sperm protein(s), or whether more common endpoints (e.g., sperm motility, sperm morphology, serum and epididymal tissue T, cauda epididymal sperm reserves) also are required to predict fertility. Intact adult male rats were dosed with EDS (25 or 50 mg/kg), chloroethylmethanesulphonate (CEMS; 12.5 or 18.75 mg/kg), or epichlorohydrin (EPI; 3 or 6 mg/kg) daily for 4 days. Castrated, T-implanted rats were dosed with hydroxyflutamide (HFLUT; 12.5 or 25 mg/kg) daily for 5 days. On day 5, proximal cauda epididymal sperm were inseminated in utero into receptive, cervically stimulated adult females, and on day 9, fertility (implants/corpora lutea) was assessed. Fertility-was decreased by the higher dose of each toxicant (P 50% fertility) and subfertile (< 50 fertility) animals, respectively, when discriminant analysis was performed. Thus, the amount of SP22 in a cauda epididymal sperm sample may be a useful predictor of fertility in toxicant-treated animals. JF - Journal of andrology AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Laskey, J W AU - Ferrell, J AU - Suarez, J D AU - Roberts, N L AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 139 EP - 150 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0196-3635, 0196-3635 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Mesylates KW - Proteins KW - Sulfides KW - 2-chloroethyl methyl sulfide KW - 542-81-4 KW - ethylene dimethanesulfonate KW - EW8V7BJ66Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Discriminant Analysis KW - Insemination, Artificial KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Spermatozoa -- physiology KW - Fertility KW - Epididymis -- physiology KW - Epididymis -- pathology KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Spermatozoa -- pathology KW - Epididymis -- drug effects KW - Proteins -- analysis KW - Sulfides -- toxicity KW - Mesylates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79000112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+andrology&rft.atitle=Discriminant+analysis+indicates+a+single+sperm+protein+%28SP22%29+is+predictive+of+fertility+following+exposure+to+epididymal+toxicants.&rft.au=Klinefelter%2C+G+R%3BLaskey%2C+J+W%3BFerrell%2C+J%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BRoberts%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Klinefelter&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+andrology&rft.issn=01963635&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-22 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Blockade of ovulation in the rat by systemic and ovarian intrabursal administration of the fungicide sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate. AN - 78947266; 9100291 AB - Dithiocarbamates, acting as inhibitors of catecholamine synthesis, have been reported to block ovulation in female rats following systemic administration by suppressing the neural noradrenergic signaling involved in triggering the ovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone. The ovaries also synthesize norepinephrine and receive noradrenergic input via sympathetic innervation, and it has been suggested that such input may play a role in follicular maturation and ovulation. The current experiments investigated whether the dithiocarbamate fungicide dimethyldithiocarbamate (DMDTC) would block oocyte release in normally cycling rats when administered systemically during the proestrous presurge period, and if so, would the compound also have a comparable direct ovarian effect on ovulation in response to a local intrabursal exposure of one ovary late on the day of vaginal proestrus. The results showed that a dose-related suppression of oocyte release was present in response to both intraperitoneal and intrabursal (IB) injections. But these effects appear to be mediated through different mechanisms. The unilateral IB injections were effective only on the exposed side for each ovarian pair, while no alterations were seen in ovarian norepinephrine. IB administration 24 h earlier blocked ovulation on both sides, while hCG injections were able to restore ovulation on the noninjected side only, implying that diestrous DMDTC was inhibiting the LH surge. The data indicate that while an effect on hypothalamic catecholamine synthesis may underlie the ovulatory blockade following intraperitoneal DMDTC administration, it does not appear to be involved in the response to local ovarian exposure. Moreover, the blockade in response to the diestrous IB exposure likely involves two separate mechanisms, one attributable to an alteration in ovarian hormonal feedback to the brain (or pituitary), inhibiting the LH surge, and the other associated with a direct, as yet undetermined, effect on local preovulatory events within the ovary. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Goldman, J M AU - Parrish, M B AU - Cooper, R L AU - McElroy, W K AD - Endocrinology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 185 EP - 190 VL - 11 IS - 2-3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Dimethyldithiocarbamate KW - 0 KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Animals KW - Norepinephrine -- metabolism KW - Proestrus KW - Female KW - Ovulation -- drug effects KW - Ovary -- metabolism KW - Dimethyldithiocarbamate -- toxicity KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Dimethyldithiocarbamate -- administration & dosage KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78947266?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Blockade+of+ovulation+in+the+rat+by+systemic+and+ovarian+intrabursal+administration+of+the+fungicide+sodium+dimethyldithiocarbamate.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+J+M%3BParrish%2C+M+B%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BMcElroy%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-14 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent advances in mathematical modeling of developmental abnormalities using mechanistic information. AN - 78946108; 9100318 AB - During the last several years, significant changes in the risk assessment process for developmental toxicity of environmental contaminants have begun to emerge. The first of these changes is the development and beginning use of statistically based dose-response models [the benchmark dose (BMD) approach] that better utilize data derived from existing testing approaches. Accompanying this change is the greater emphasis placed on understanding and using mechanistic information to yield more accurate, reliable, and less uncertain risk assessments. The next stage in the evolution of risk assessment will be the use of biologically based dose-response (BBDR) models that begin to build into the statistically based models factors related to the underlying kinetic, biochemical, and/or physiologic processes perturbed by a toxicant. Such models are now emerging from several research laboratories. The introduction of quantitative models and the incorporation of biologic information into them has pointed to the need for even more sophisticated modifications for which we offer the term embryologically based dose-response (EBDR) models. Because these models would be based upon the understanding of normal morphogenesis, they represent a quantum leap in our thinking, but their complexity presents daunting challenges both to the developmental biologist and the developmental toxicologist. Implementation of these models will require extensive communication between developmental toxicologists, molecular embryologists, and biomathematicians. The remarkable progress in the understanding of mammalian embryonic development at the molecular level that has occurred over the last decade combined with advances in computing power and computational models should eventually enable these as yet hypothetical models to be brought into use. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Kavlock, R J AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 423 EP - 434 VL - 11 IS - 2-3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Bone and Bones -- drug effects KW - Bone and Bones -- abnormalities KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Models, Statistical KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78946108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Recent+advances+in+mathematical+modeling+of+developmental+abnormalities+using+mechanistic+information.&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-14 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic variability in combustion particle-induced chronic lung injury. AN - 78921058; 9124610 AB - Occupational exposure to anthropogenic particles is associated with lung injury in humans. We hypothesized that residual oil fly ash (ROFA), an emission source particulate, may induce acute lung injury and fibrosis in sensitive rat strains and that fibronectin (Fn) gene expression will correspond to the development of fibrosis. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD), Wistar (WIS), and Fischer 344 (F-344) rats (60 days old) were exposed to saline or ROFA (8.3 mg/kg) by intratracheal instillation and examined for up to 12 wk. Histology indicated focal areas of lung damage showing inflammatory cell infiltration as well as alveolar, airway, and interstitial thickening in all three rat strains during 1-7 days postexposure. Trichrome staining of the lung sections indicated a sporadic incidence of focal alveolar fibrosis at 1, 3, and 12 wk in SD rats, whereas WIS and F-344 rats showed only a modest increase in trichrome staining in the septal areas. Of all Fn mRNA isoforms examined by polymerase chain reaction, only EIIIA(+) was upregulated during 6 h-1 wk in ROFA-exposed SD and WIS rats but not in F-344 rats. In situ hybridization analysis in SD rats revealed Fn mRNA expression by macrophage and alveolar and airway epithelium and within fibrotic areas. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed increased presence of Fn EIIIA(+) protein in the areas of fibrotic injury and basally to the airway epithelium. In summary, Fn EIIIA(+) increases early in the course of particle-induced lung injury and remodeling, which may or may not result in discernible alveolar fibrosis. There is a rat strain variation in ROFA-induced fibrosis and associated Fn EIIIA(+) expression. JF - The American journal of physiology AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Jaskot, R H AU - Su, W Y AU - Costa, D L AU - Ghio, A J AU - Dreher, K L AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - L521 EP - L532 VL - 272 IS - 3 Pt 1 SN - 0002-9513, 0002-9513 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Coal Ash KW - Fibronectins KW - Industrial Waste KW - Oils KW - Particulate Matter KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Collagen KW - 9007-34-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Collagen -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression KW - Fibronectins -- metabolism KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Chronic Disease KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- chemically induced KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Pulmonary Fibrosis -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78921058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.atitle=Genetic+variability+in+combustion+particle-induced+chronic+lung+injury.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+U+P%3BJaskot%2C+R+H%3BSu%2C+W+Y%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BGhio%2C+A+J%3BDreher%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=272&rft.issue=3+Pt+1&rft.spage=L521&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+physiology&rft.issn=00029513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of sulfonylurea herbicides in water by capillary electrophoresis and by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry. AN - 78915244; 9086596 AB - A capillary electrophoresis (CE) method and an electrospray ionization (ESI) liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) confirmatory method were developed to analyze 12 sulfonylurea herbicides and one sulfonamide (Flumetsulam) in runoff water. The water used for fortification was collected from a local marsh that contained high levels of potentially interfering compounds. Good recoveries and adequate sensitivity at the 0.2 ppb level (limit of quantitation) were obtained. A portion of the water was acidified and extracted with reversed-phase solid-phase extraction (SPE). Extracts were cleaned up with a tandem system consisting of a strong-anion exchange SPE cartridge stacked on an alumina SPE cartridge. CE/ultraviolet quantitation was achieved by capillary zone electrophoresis at pH 4.75 with 50 mM ammonium acetate buffer and an acetonitrile modifier. ESI LC/MS quantitation was achieved by using a time-scheduled selective-ion monitoring (positive mode) of the M + H ions for each compound. The extraction/cleanup procedure provided extracts such that in-source collision-induced dissociation gave product ions for confirmation at the 0.2 ppb fortification level. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Krynitsky, A J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 392 EP - 400 VL - 80 IS - 2 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Chromatography, Liquid KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78915244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Determination+of+sulfonylurea+herbicides+in+water+by+capillary+electrophoresis+and+by+liquid+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Krynitsky%2C+A+J&rft.aulast=Krynitsky&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=392&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-29 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors associated with exposure in Occupational Safety and Health Administration data. AN - 78914744; 9075309 AB - This study investigated the possibility of making compliance data from the public and private sectors more amenable for multiple uses, by studying data from Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) inspections during 1979-1989. The potential association of five variables with mean and upper-end (in upper quartile) airborne exposures in similar exposure groups was investigated. The exposure groups reflected airborne exposures to lead in the battery manufacturing industry, to perchloroethylene among dry cleaners, and to iron oxide among welders in three metal fabrication industries. Variables examined were year, inspection type and scope, and size and union status of inspected establishments. Multiple linear regression and logistic regression models were used for the analyses. In small battery plants mean exposure levels were higher and the relative frequency of upper-end exposures (> 75th percentile) greater than in larger establishments. Evidence suggested a decline in mean lead exposures (5-9% per year). Neither type of inspection nor union status were associated with mean or upper-end levels of lead exposure, although the study's power to detect an association was sometimes modest. Some evidence showed that full scope inspections may be associated with higher mean exposures. Strong evidence showed a decline in mean perchloroethylene exposures among dry cleaners (7% per year), but no temporal trends for welder exposures to iron oxide. With few exceptions, the size, type, scope, and union variables were rarely associated with mean or upper-end exposure levels among dry cleaners or welders, although the power of the analyses to detect associations was at times modest. Results show that OSHA data is amenable to analysis that can provide valuable insights about workplace exposures. Several findings of the study are directly useful to the design of public policy. JF - American Industrial Hygiene Association journal AU - Gómez, M R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 186 EP - 195 VL - 58 IS - 3 SN - 0002-8894, 0002-8894 KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational KW - 0 KW - Ferric Compounds KW - Solvents KW - ferric oxide KW - 1K09F3G675 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Logistic Models KW - Solvents -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Ferric Compounds -- analysis KW - Linear Models KW - Bias (Epidemiology) KW - Lead -- analysis KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants, Occupational -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78914744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+journal&rft.atitle=Factors+associated+with+exposure+in+Occupational+Safety+and+Health+Administration+data.&rft.au=G%C3%B3mez%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=G%C3%B3mez&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+journal&rft.issn=00028894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New approaches for assessing the etiology and risks of developmental abnormalities from chemical exposure. AN - 78913736; 9100320 AB - Developmental toxicants, insidious in modes of action and effects, strike the very origin of our lives: the developing embryo, fetus, neonate, and child; they cause spontaneous abortions, stillbirths, malformations, early postnatal mortality, reduced birth weight, mental retardation, sensory loss as well as other functional or physical changes, including subclinical effects having far reaching social and economic impacts. The large majority of developmental defects have unknown etiologies. With this uncertainty, EPA and the scientific community world-wide give high priority to finding new approaches for assessing etiology and risks of developmental effects. The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) and Agenda 21 mobilized the international community to focus on risks posed by chemicals in the environment, including developmental risks. The international harmonization of test and risk assessment guidelines for developmental effects are priorities. Lead, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), endocrine disruptors, and the improvement of quantitative risk assessment methodologies, particularly for children, are priorities. EPA reinvented its research agenda of assure wide involvement of the National Science Foundation, other federal agencies, and national experts in research to address the U.S.'s public health and environmental priorities. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Goldman, L R AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. PY - 1997 SP - 443 EP - 451 VL - 11 IS - 2-3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Risk KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - International Cooperation KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Research KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Pregnancy KW - Developmental Disabilities -- etiology KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78913736?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=New+approaches+for+assessing+the+etiology+and+risks+of+developmental+abnormalities+from+chemical+exposure.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=443&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-14 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concentration-time relationships for the effects of inhaled trichloroethylene on signal detection behavior in rats. AN - 78911055; 9073464 AB - The risk from inhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is presently assessed on the basis of lifetime exposure to average concentrations of the vapor. This strategy yields rational predictions of risk if the product of concentration (C) and the duration of exposure (t) yields constant effects on health (Haber's Rule). The validity of this assumption was evaluated by assessing the acute behavioral effects of inhaled trichloroethylene (TCE) vapor at various values of C and t. Adult male Long-Evans rats (n = 11) were trained to perform a signal detection task in which a press on one lever produced food on trials containing a signal (a brief, unpredictable light flash); a press on a second lever produced food on trials lacking a signal. Response time (RT) and indices of sensitivity (SI) and bias (RI) derived from the theory of signal detection were calculated at three times during repeated daily 60-min tests conducted in air containing 0, 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000, or 2400 ppm TCE. Behavior remained stable during tests in air. In TCE, SI declined and RT increased as functions of both C and t. RI was not affected by TCE. Effects on SI and RT were not predictable from the C x t product: both endpoints were more affected by C than by t. To quantify the change in the effect of TCE across exposure times, concentration-effect relationships for inhaled TCE on SI and RT were modeled with cubic polynomial functions at each of the three exposure durations. Concentrations of inhaled TCE associated with preselected changes in SI and RT were then estimated for each animal from these functions. Criterion concentrations, SI0.1 and RT100, were defined as the concentration of TCE associated with a 0.1-unit decrease in SI or a 100-msec increase in RT, respectively. Both SI0. 1 and RT100 increased as exposure duration decreased, but did so more slowly than would be predicted by Haber's Rule. This pattern indicates that application of Haber's Rule overestimates the concentration of inhaled TCE associated with changes in signal detection and thus underestimates the risk of behavior change from short-term exposures to TCE. On the other hand, the fact that SI0.1 and RT100 did increase with shorter exposure times indicates that the converse assumption, that the toxicity of inhaled TCE is independent of the duration of exposure, yields an overly conservative estimate of risk. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Bushnell, P J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711, USA. bushnell.philip@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 30 EP - 38 VL - 36 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Rats KW - Conditioning, Operant -- drug effects KW - Reaction Time -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Monitoring, Physiologic KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Male KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Trichloroethylene -- administration & dosage KW - Trichloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78911055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Concentration-time+relationships+for+the+effects+of+inhaled+trichloroethylene+on+signal+detection+behavior+in+rats.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative measurement of lung deposition of inhaled fine particles in normal subjects and patients with obstructive airway disease. AN - 78892480; 9117024 AB - Particulate pollutants have been suggested as a risk factor for increase in mortality and morbidity in patients with obstructive airway disease. In the present study we hypothesized that enhanced particle deposition dose is an underlying factor for such a finding. We measured lung deposition in normal healthy control subjects (N; n = 10) and in subjects with varying levels of airway obstruction: smokers (S; n = 10), smokers with small airways disease (SAD; n = 10), asthmatics (A; n = 5), and patients with chronic obstructive airway disease (COPD; n = 10). The subjects inhaled a uniform size sebacate aerosol (1-micron diameter) from a collapsible bag of a known volume (500 ml) repeatedly for as many as 15 breaths at a rate of 30 breaths/min. Aerosol concentration was monitored continuously at the mouth by a laser aerosol photometer. After correcting for particle loss in the bag, lung deposition fraction [DF = (inhaled minus exhaled)/inhaled], was determined breath by breath. DF values (mean +/- SD) were 0.14 +/- 0.02, 0.16 +/- 0.02, 0.21 +/- 0.05, 0.22 +/- 0.02 and 0.028 +/- 0.03 for N, S, SAD, A, and COPD, respectively. DF values in S, SAD, A, and COPD were 16, 49, 59, and 103% greater, respectively, than that of normal subjects (p < 0.05). DF of COPD was also greater than that of SAD or A (p < 0.05). No difference was found between SAD and A. When all of the subject data were combined, DF was correlated well with percent predicted FEV1 and FEF25-75 (r2 = 0.63 in both). The results indicate a marked increase in particle deposition in patients with obstructive lung disease, and this can be an important factor for the development of the adverse health effects of pollutant particles on the one hand and for the treatment of patients with drug aerosols on the other. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Kim, C S AU - Kang, T C AD - Human Studies Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 899 EP - 905 VL - 155 IS - 3 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Humans KW - Particle Size KW - Aged KW - Risk Assessment KW - Asthma -- metabolism KW - Spirometry KW - Photometry KW - Adult KW - Smoking -- metabolism KW - Middle Aged KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Female KW - Male KW - Air Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lung Diseases, Obstructive -- metabolism KW - Lung -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78892480?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Comparative+measurement+of+lung+deposition+of+inhaled+fine+particles+in+normal+subjects+and+patients+with+obstructive+airway+disease.&rft.au=Kim%2C+C+S%3BKang%2C+T+C&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=155&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=899&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-18 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spectroscopic study of soil particle surface redox reactions. AN - 78804592; 9008043 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Risser, J A AU - Bailey, G W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605-2700, USA. Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 356 EP - 363 VL - 58 IS - 3 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Manganese Compounds KW - 0 KW - Oxides KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Chromium KW - 0R0008Q3JB KW - manganese oxide KW - 64J2OA7MH3 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Chromium -- chemistry KW - Manganese Compounds -- chemistry KW - Oxides -- chemistry KW - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78804592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Spectroscopic+study+of+soil+particle+surface+redox+reactions.&rft.au=Risser%2C+J+A%3BBailey%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Risser&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=58&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=356&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-03 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life-cycle based government policies a survey AN - 754881797; 13404855 AB - This paper examines how different Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) approaches, from full LCA's to more qualitative LCA's, are being used internationally in the development of government policies. Examples from 14 countries are provided for recent initiatives in various forms of policy which were developed to move national environmental policies toward the more life-cycle based programs. They indicate that a broader frame of reference is beginning to be used by those who write such policies. Discussion is also provided on the barriers that slow the adoption of life-cycle approaches in the development of government policies. JF - International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment AU - Curran, Mary Ann AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, 45268, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - Mar 1997 SP - 39 EP - 43 PB - Ecomed Verlagsgesellschaft AG & Co. KG, Justus-von-Liebig-Strasse 1 Landsberg D-86899 Germany VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 0948-3349, 0948-3349 KW - Sustainability Science Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - life cycle analysis KW - Government policies KW - Environmental policy KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - ENA 08:International UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/754881797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Assamodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Life+Cycle+Assessment&rft.atitle=Life-cycle+based+government+policies+a+survey&rft.au=Curran%2C+Mary+Ann&rft.aulast=Curran&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Life+Cycle+Assessment&rft.issn=09483349&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02978718 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - life cycle analysis; Government policies; Environmental policy DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02978718 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient transport during bioremediation of contaminated beaches; evaluation with lithium as a conservative tracer AN - 52696030; 1997-057840 JF - Water Research (Oxford) AU - Wrenn, Brian A AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Strohmeier, Kevin L AU - Eberhart, B Loye AU - Wilson, Gregory J AU - Venosa, Albert D Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 515 EP - 524 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - fertilizers KW - degradation KW - unsaturated zone KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - intertidal environment KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - oil spills KW - Delaware Bay KW - Slaughter Beach KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - concentration KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - Delaware KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - bacteria KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52696030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Nutrient+transport+during+bioremediation+of+contaminated+beaches%3B+evaluation+with+lithium+as+a+conservative+tracer&rft.au=Wrenn%2C+Brian+A%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BStrohmeier%2C+Kevin+L%3BEberhart%2C+B+Loye%3BWilson%2C+Gregory+J%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D&rft.aulast=Wrenn&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00431354 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WATRAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; bacteria; bioremediation; chemical waste; coastal environment; concentration; decontamination; degradation; Delaware; Delaware Bay; detection; experimental studies; fertilizers; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; intertidal environment; nutrients; oil spills; organic compounds; petroleum products; Plantae; pollution; remediation; Slaughter Beach; thallophytes; transport; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of electromagnetic mapping methods to delineate subsurface saline waters in the Brookhaven oil field, Mississippi AN - 50902729; 2002-000423 AB - Hydrologic and geophysical studies of saline waters at the Brookhaven oil field (Mississippi) began in 1985. Past and present practices to dispose of brines produced with oil and gas poise an environmental risk to ground water resources, agriculture, and other land uses. At Brookhaven, there is an elevated total chloride content in shallow (<100 m) water wells within the field. Background levels of total chloride in the region are around 20 milligrams per liter (mg/L), which is exceptionally fresh water in comparison to other oil producing areas, particularly in the western United States. Contamination in the oil field at some sites is several hundred mg/L chloride as determined from water well samples taken in the mid-1980s. The EPA funded a feasibility study that included a dc resistivity survey which showed low resistivities in one area of known saline water contamination. Detailed electrical geophysical surveys are not possible due to numerous metallic features associated with oil production. In 1988 a helicopter electromagnetic (HEM) survey of the oil field was flown under contract to the USGS as part of an EPA funded research project. An interpreted resistivity map for a depth of 30 m showed low resistivities associated with clays, shales, and saline waters near some of the abandoned brine disposal pits. In 1995 water wells were re-sampled and two areas of high changes in chloride content were found. Also in 1995, a new HEM survey was flown and new dc resistivity soundings were made. Comparison of the ground and airborne survey along a profile where there has been a high change in chloride content shows good agreement for interpreted subsurface resistivities. The HEM survey shows greater detail than the ground measurements and suggests there may be local vertical migration of saline waters in areas where there has been a large increase in ground water chloride content. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Smith, Bruce D AU - Bisdorf, Robert J AU - Slack, Larry J AU - Mazzella, Aldo AU - Bell, Ronald S Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 685 EP - 693 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1997 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - geophysical surveys KW - Brookhaven Field KW - Mississippi KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - mapping KW - production KW - oil and gas fields KW - feasibility studies KW - ground water KW - brines KW - electromagnetic methods KW - surveys KW - Lincoln County Mississippi KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50902729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+electromagnetic+mapping+methods+to+delineate+subsurface+saline+waters+in+the+Brookhaven+oil+field%2C+Mississippi&rft.au=Smith%2C+Bruce+D%3BBisdorf%2C+Robert+J%3BSlack%2C+Larry+J%3BMazzella%2C+Aldo%3BBell%2C+Ronald+S&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=1997&rft.issue=&rft.spage=685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems; SAGEEP'97 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - brines; Brookhaven Field; electromagnetic methods; feasibility studies; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; Lincoln County Mississippi; mapping; Mississippi; oil and gas fields; pollution; production; surveys; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coincident antenna three-dimensional GPR AN - 50849415; 2008-101270 JF - Journal of Environmental & Engineering Geophysics AU - Daniels, Jeffrey J AU - Grumman, L AU - Vendl, Mark Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - March 1997 SP - 1 EP - 9 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Englewood, CO VL - 2 IS - 1 SN - 1083-1363, 1083-1363 KW - high-resolution methods KW - imagery KW - three-dimensional models KW - spatial data KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - data acquisition KW - graphic display KW - geophysical methods KW - data processing KW - radar methods KW - techniques KW - noise KW - measurement KW - detection KW - interpretation KW - instruments KW - buried features KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50849415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Coincident+antenna+three-dimensional+GPR&rft.au=Daniels%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BGrumman%2C+L%3BVendl%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Daniels&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+%26+Engineering+Geophysics&rft.issn=10831363&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2008-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - buried features; data acquisition; data processing; detection; geophysical methods; graphic display; ground-penetrating radar; high-resolution methods; imagery; instruments; interpretation; measurement; noise; radar methods; spatial data; techniques; three-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assimilation of oil-derived carbon and remedial nitrogen applications by intertidal food chains on a contaminated beach in Prince William Sound, Alaska AN - 17204375; 4497933 JF - Mar. Environ. Res. AU - Coffin, R B AU - Cifuentes, LA AU - Pritchard, PH AD - NHEERL, Gulf Ecology Division, United States EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - Mar 1997 SP - 27 EP - 39 VL - 44 IS - 1 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - Bacteria KW - Exxon Valdez KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - Fertilizers KW - Food chains KW - Biodegradation KW - Microorganisms KW - Oil pollution KW - INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf, Prince William Sound KW - Fate KW - Intertidal environment KW - Petroleum hydrocarbons KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17204375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mar.+Environ.+Res.&rft.atitle=Assimilation+of+oil-derived+carbon+and+remedial+nitrogen+applications+by+intertidal+food+chains+on+a+contaminated+beach+in+Prince+William+Sound%2C+Alaska&rft.au=Coffin%2C+R+B%3BCifuentes%2C+LA%3BPritchard%2C+PH&rft.aulast=Coffin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mar.+Environ.+Res.&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Fertilizers; Biodegradation; Food chains; Microorganisms; Oil pollution; Fate; Petroleum hydrocarbons; Intertidal environment; Bacteria; INE, USA, Alaska, Alaska Gulf, Prince William Sound; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory effects of microcosm size and the pesticide Chlorpyrifos on benthic macroinvertebrate colonization of soft estuarine sediments AN - 17203214; 4497927 JF - Mar. Environ. Res. AU - Flemer, DA AU - Ruth, B F AU - Bundrick, C M AU - Moore, J C AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, FL, USA Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - Mar 1997 SP - 243 EP - 263 VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - Controlled conditions KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Colonization KW - Sublethal effects KW - Pesticides KW - Microhabitats KW - Brackish KW - Zoobenthos KW - Toxicity tests KW - Sediments KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17203214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mar.+Environ.+Res.&rft.atitle=Laboratory+effects+of+microcosm+size+and+the+pesticide+Chlorpyrifos+on+benthic+macroinvertebrate+colonization+of+soft+estuarine+sediments&rft.au=Flemer%2C+DA%3BRuth%2C+B+F%3BBundrick%2C+C+M%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Flemer&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mar.+Environ.+Res.&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Colonization; Sublethal effects; Microhabitats; Pesticides; Zoobenthos; Toxicity tests; Sediments; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of DDT sediment-contamination on macrofaunal community structure and composition in San Francisco Bay AN - 17129093; 4428671 AB - The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of sediment contamination on the benthic macrofauna and to predict macrofaunal changes following remediation at a Superfund (uncontrolled hazardous waste) site in San Francisco Bay, California, USA. DDT and its metabolites ( capital sigma DDT) were the contaminants of concern. With few small-scale exceptions, all (>100) other sediment contaminants ever measured at the site were present at background or non-toxic levels. In hierarchical regressions [Y=f(X sub(1), X sub(2), X sub(3)), where X sub(1)=sediment %silt + clay, X sub(2)=sediment total organic carbon (OC), and X sub(3)=log10 ( capital sigma DDT mu g/g OC)] with data from samples collected at the study site, log sub(10) ( capital sigma DDT mu g/g OC) explained a highly significant amount of the variance in the infaunal index (II ) and log sub(10) (number of Amphipoda excluding Grandidierella japonica + 1) after statistically controlling for the potential effects of sediment %silt + clay and OC. The ratios of change of II and log sub(10) (number of Amphipoda excluding G. japonica + 1) with respect to log sub(10) ( capital sigma DDT mu g/g OC) were about -9:1 and -0.4:1, respectively. Most of the 92 species collected were present at low to moderate densities over the entire range of capital sigma DDT sediment concentrations. The bivalve Theora lubrica, tubificids, most polychaetes, a tanaid (Zeuxo normani), and an amphipod (G. japonica), were common, while four other amphipods (Ampelisca abdita, Corophium heteroceratum, Photis brevipes, Dulichia rhabdoplastis), a phoronid (Phoronis cf. pallida), a bivalve (Cryptomya californica), and a cumacean (Eudorella pacifica), were rare or absent from sites with high capital sigma DDT sediment-concentrations. JF - Marine Biology AU - Ferraro, S P AU - Cole, F A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Hatfield Marine Science Center, 2111 S.E. Marine Science Drive, Newport, OR 97365-5260, USA Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - Mar 1997 SP - 323 EP - 334 VL - 130 IS - 2 SN - 0025-3162, 0025-3162 KW - Asian semele KW - Biomass KW - Bivalves KW - California softshell clam KW - Clams KW - Paddle-footed annelids KW - Polychaetes KW - abundance KW - check lists KW - naphthalene KW - remediation effects KW - species diversity KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Pollution effects KW - Metabolites KW - Photis brevipes KW - Insecticides KW - Meiobenthos KW - Dulichia rhabdoplastis KW - Grandidierella japonica KW - Waste disposal sites KW - Ampelisca abdita KW - Phoronis pallida KW - Corophium heteroceratum KW - Marine crustaceans KW - Zeuxo normani KW - Cryptomya californica KW - Bays KW - Marine KW - Sediment pollution KW - Theora lubrica KW - Eudorella pacifica KW - Chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Bivalvia KW - Polychaeta KW - Dominant species KW - Community composition KW - Amphipoda KW - DDT KW - INE, USA, California, San Francisco Bay KW - Marine molluscs KW - Zoobenthos KW - Pollution control KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17129093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Biology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+DDT+sediment-contamination+on+macrofaunal+community+structure+and+composition+in+San+Francisco+Bay&rft.au=Ferraro%2C+S+P%3BCole%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Ferraro&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Biology&rft.issn=00253162&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Incl. bibliogr.: 52 refs. N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-24 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Pollution effects; Metabolites; Chlorinated hydrocarbons; Dominant species; Community composition; Meiobenthos; Insecticides; DDT; Waste disposal sites; Marine molluscs; Zoobenthos; Marine crustaceans; Bays; Pollution control; Theora lubrica; Photis brevipes; Eudorella pacifica; Bivalvia; Polychaeta; Dulichia rhabdoplastis; Amphipoda; Grandidierella japonica; Ampelisca abdita; Phoronis pallida; Corophium heteroceratum; Cryptomya californica; Zeuxo normani; INE, USA, California, San Francisco Bay; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of microcosm preparation on rates of toluene biodegradation under denitrifying conditions AN - 16026420; 4092149 AB - Microcosms were prepared with subsurface material from two aquifers to examine the effects of preparation methods on rates of toluene biodegradation under denitrifying conditions. In both cases, the data fit a zero-order kinetics plot. However, rates of removal were generally proportional to initial toluene concentrations, resulting in similar half-lives. Increasing the solid/liquid mass ratio resulted in decreased lag times in one aquifer material, although in both cases the specific toluene mass removal rate (g toluene g sediment super(-1) day super(-1)) also decreased. Varying either the initial toluene concentrations or the solid/liquid ratios by two to three orders of magnitude resulted in a half-life variation of only a factor of two, with most of the differences occurring at the extreme ranges of the test variables. These data indicate that similar biodegradation rates might be expected from microcosms prepared with different contaminant concentrations and solid/liquid ratios, which is useful for design of microcosm studies to evaluate biodegradation at field sites. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Hutchins AD - Robert S Kerr Environ. Res. Lab., US EPA, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - Mar 1997 SP - 170 EP - 176 VL - 18 IS - 2-3 SN - 1367-5435, 1367-5435 KW - pollution KW - toluene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - biodegradation KW - aquifers KW - denitrification KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01103:General KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16026420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+microcosm+preparation+on+rates+of+toluene+biodegradation+under+denitrifying+conditions&rft.au=Hutchins&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=170&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=13675435&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Bioremediation. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; denitrification; pollution; aquifers; toluene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental antiandrogens: developmental effects, molecular mechanisms, and clinical implications AN - 1439235881; 18525912 AB - Industrial chemicals and environmental pollutants can disrupt reproductive development in wildlife and humans by mimicking or inhibiting the action of the gonadal steroid hormones, estradiol and testosterone. The toxicity of these so-called environmental endocrine disruptors is especially insidious during sex differentiation and development due to the crucial role of gonadal steroid hormones in regulating these processes. This review describes the mechanism of toxicity and clinical implications of a new class of environmental chemicals that inhibit androgen-mediated sex development. For several of these chemicals, including the agricultural fungicide vinclozolin and the ubiquitous and persistent 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethane metabolite, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene, the molecular mechanism of action and the adverse developmental effects on male sex differentiation have been elucidated and are used as examples. Environmental chemicals with antiandrogenic activity offer profound implications with regard to recent clinical observations that suggest an increasing incidence of human male genital tract malformations, male infertility, and female breast cancer. Finally, in light of increasing concern over the potential endocrine disrupting effects of environmental pollutants, an in vitro/in vivo investigational strategy is presented which has proved useful in identifying chemicals with antiandrogen activity and their mechanism of action. JF - Journal of Molecular Medicine (Berlin, Germany) AU - Kelce, W R AU - Wilson, Elizabeth M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, Endocrinology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711; and Laboratories for Reproductive Biology and the Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA, US Y1 - 1997/03// PY - 1997 DA - Mar 1997 SP - 198 EP - 207 PB - Springer Science+Business Media, Van Godewijckstraat 30 Dordrecht 3311 GX Netherlands VL - 75 IS - 3 SN - 0946-2716, 0946-2716 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Infertility KW - Endocrine disruptors KW - Reviews KW - Fungicides KW - Wildlife KW - Germany, Berlin KW - New classes KW - Toxicity KW - Steroid hormones KW - Germany KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1439235881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Molecular+Medicine+%28Berlin%2C+Germany%29&rft.atitle=Environmental+antiandrogens%3A+developmental+effects%2C+molecular+mechanisms%2C+and+clinical+implications&rft.au=Kelce%2C+W+R%3BWilson%2C+Elizabeth+M&rft.aulast=Kelce&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1997-03-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=198&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Molecular+Medicine+%28Berlin%2C+Germany%29&rft.issn=09462716&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2Fs001090050104 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2013-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2013-10-21 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Chemicals; Infertility; Reviews; Endocrine disruptors; Wildlife; Fungicides; New classes; Steroid hormones; Toxicity; Germany, Berlin; Germany DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050104 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soluble transition metals mediate residual oil fly ash induced acute lung injury. AN - 78835542; 9055877 AB - Identification of constituents responsible for the pulmonary toxicity of fugitive combustion emission source particles may provide insight into the adverse health effects associated with exposure to these particles as well as ambient air particulate pollution. Herein, we describe results of studies conducted to identify constituents responsible for the acute lung injury induced by residual oil fly ash (ROFA) and to assess physical-chemical factors that influence the pulmonary toxicity of these constituents. Biochemical and cellular analyses performed on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained from rats following intratracheal instillation of ROFA suspension demonstrated the presence of severe inflammation, an indicator of pulmonary injury, which included recruitment of neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes into the airway. A leachate prepared from ROFA, containing predominantly Fe, Ni, V, Ca, Mg, and sulfate, produced similar lung injury to that induced by ROFA suspension. Depletion of Fe, Ni, and V from the ROFA leachate abrogated its pulmonary toxicity. Correspondingly, minimal lung injury was observed in animals exposed to saline-washed ROFA particles. A surrogate transition metal sulfate solution containing Fe, V, and Ni largely reproduced the lung injury induced by ROFA. Metal interactions and pH were found to influence the severity and kinetics of lung injury induced by ROFA and soluble transition metals. These findings provide direct evidence for the role of soluble transition metals in the pulmonary injury induced by the combustion emission source particulate, ROFA. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Dreher, K L AU - Jaskot, R H AU - Lehmann, J R AU - Richards, J H AU - McGee, J K AU - Ghio, A J AU - Costa, D L AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Dreher@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1997/02/21/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Feb 21 SP - 285 EP - 305 VL - 50 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Fuel Oils KW - Metals KW - Sulfates KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Acute Disease KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Solubility KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Particle Size KW - Inflammation -- chemically induced KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Sulfates -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Fuel Oils -- toxicity KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Carbon -- toxicity KW - Metals -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78835542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Soluble+transition+metals+mediate+residual+oil+fly+ash+induced+acute+lung+injury.&rft.au=Dreher%2C+K+L%3BJaskot%2C+R+H%3BLehmann%2C+J+R%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BMcGee%2C+J+K%3BGhio%2C+A+J%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Dreher&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-02-21&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-31 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vivo accumulation of iron on crocidolite is associated with decrements in oxidant generation by the fiber. AN - 78837904; 9048957 AB - In vivo exposures to fibrous silicates are characterized by the formation of asbestos bodies. These structures consist of the original fiber with a coating of inexact composition, but it will include iron and protein. We tested the hypothesis that this iron, accumulated on asbestos bodies, participates in electron transport and oxidant generation. Thirty-day-old, male guinea pigs were intratracheally instilled with 1.0 mg crocidolite. Six months later, the animals were anesthetized, euthanized, and the fibers were isolated from the lungs. Energy-dispersive x-ray analysis and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed an accumulation of metal onto the fiber after in vivo exposure. Stains for iron demonstrated a heterogeneous distribution of the metal on the silicate, while the uptake of a commercially available polyclonal antibody to ferritin localized to beaded enlargements along the coated fibers. Chelatable [Fe3+] associated with the fiber increased after in vivo exposure. However, oxidant generation by asbestos bodies was decreased relative to uncoated fibers despite the elevation in the concentration of metal associated with the crocidolite. We conclude that iron is accumulated onto fibers in the lungs of guinea pigs. Some portion of this accumulation of iron is in the form of ferritin, and this metal is not chemically reactive in oxidant production. Asbestos bodies may represent a successful attempt by the host to sequester the metal adsorbed to the surface of a fiber and diminish the oxidative challenge introduced by a fibrous silicate. Subsequently, the generation of free radicals by the fibrous silicate is diminished. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Ghio, A J AU - LeFurgey, A AU - Roggli, V L AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/02/07/ PY - 1997 DA - 1997 Feb 07 SP - 125 EP - 142 VL - 50 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Oxidants KW - Asbestos, Crocidolite KW - 12001-28-4 KW - Ferritins KW - 9007-73-2 KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Electron Probe Microanalysis KW - Animals KW - Ferritins -- analysis KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Lung -- chemistry KW - Intubation, Intratracheal KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Male KW - Microscopy, Electron, Scanning KW - Iron -- analysis KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Asbestos, Crocidolite -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Oxidants -- metabolism KW - Asbestos, Crocidolite -- toxicity KW - Iron -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78837904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=In+vivo+accumulation+of+iron+on+crocidolite+is+associated+with+decrements+in+oxidant+generation+by+the+fiber.&rft.au=Ghio%2C+A+J%3BLeFurgey%2C+A%3BRoggli%2C+V+L&rft.aulast=Ghio&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1997-02-07&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-25 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of hopane as a conservative biomarker for monitoring the bioremediation effectiveness of crude oil contaminating a sandy beach AN - 853469606; 13777693 AB - Much of the variability inherent in crude oil bioremediation field studies can be eliminated by normalizing analyte concentrations to the concentration of a nonbiodegradable biomarker such as hopane. This was demonstrated with data from a field study in which crude oil was intentionally released onto experimental plots on the Delaware shoreline. Five independent replicates of three treatments were examined: no nutrient addition, addition of inorganic mineral nutrients alone, and nutrient addition plus indigenous oil-degrading microorganisms from the site. Samples collected biweekly were analyzed for the Most Probable Numbers (MPNs) of alkane and aromatic degraders and oil component analysis by GC/MS. The data were normalized to either the mass of sand that was extracted or to the concentration of hopane that was measured. Hopane normalization enabled detection of significant treatment differences in hydrocarbon biodegradation that were not detected when the data were normalized to sand mass. First-order loss rates for the hopane-normalized data were lower than those for the sand-normalized data because hopane normalization accounts only for loss due to biodegradation whereas sand normalization includes all loss mechanisms. Plots amended with nutrients alone and nutrients plus the inoculum showed enhanced removal of hydrocarbons compared to unamended control plots. However, no differences were detected between the nutrient-amended plots and the nutrient/inoculum-amended plots. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology AU - Venosa, A D AU - Suidan, M T AU - King, D AU - Wrenn, B A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA, US Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - Feb 1997 SP - 131 EP - 139 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 18 IS - 2-3 SN - 1367-5435, 1367-5435 KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Pollution monitoring KW - ANW, USA, Delaware KW - Bioremediation KW - Biodegradation KW - Nutrients KW - Biomarkers KW - Oil KW - Crude oil KW - Sand KW - Inoculum KW - Oil pollution KW - Alkanes KW - Beaches KW - Data processing KW - Hydrocarbons KW - biomarkers KW - Most probable number KW - Microbiology KW - Microorganisms KW - Minerals KW - hopanes KW - Biotechnology KW - Aromatics KW - W 30950:Waste Treatment & Pollution Clean-up KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - A 01320:Microbial Degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853469606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Use+of+hopane+as+a+conservative+biomarker+for+monitoring+the+bioremediation+effectiveness+of+crude+oil+contaminating+a+sandy+beach&rft.au=Venosa%2C+A+D%3BSuidan%2C+M+T%3BKing%2C+D%3BWrenn%2C+B+A&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+%26+Biotechnology&rft.issn=13675435&rft_id=info:doi/10.1038%2Fsj.jim.2900304 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2011-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-09-18 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pollution monitoring; Biodegradation; Bioremediation; Crude oil; Microbiology; Oil pollution; Biomarkers; Aromatics; Biotechnology; Alkanes; Beaches; Data processing; Hydrocarbons; Nutrients; biomarkers; Oil; Most probable number; Sand; Microorganisms; Inoculum; Minerals; hopanes; ANW, USA, Delaware DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900304 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The hepatic interaction of aliphatic alcohols with halogenated hydrocarbons. AN - 79055091; 9187514 AB - As has been noted, advancement in understanding of chemical interactions requires an integrated approach. Given the large number of binary mixtures of aliphatic alcohols and halogenated hydrocarbons that can be formulated, and because limitations of time and resources make it impossible to test them all, careful thought should be given to selection of pairs for laboratory experimentation. For any given pair of chemicals, the type of interaction (addition, synergism, antagonism, potentiation) should be determined and described by appropriate experimental designs and statistical methodology. This has been done for various alcohol-halocarbon mixtures. Work to expand our understanding of the mechanism(s) underlying the interaction of aliphatic alcohols and halogenated hydrocarbons would be particularly useful, as an improved mechanistic understanding would improve our ability to extrapolate across dose levels (from high laboratory exposure concentrations to typical human environmental exposure concentrations) and across species (from laboratory animals to humans). JF - Drug metabolism reviews AU - Simmons, J E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 22711, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 123 EP - 136 VL - 29 IS - 1-2 SN - 0360-2532, 0360-2532 KW - Alcohols KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Humans KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- toxicity KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury -- pathology KW - Alcohols -- toxicity KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79055091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.atitle=The+hepatic+interaction+of+aliphatic+alcohols+with+halogenated+hydrocarbons.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.issn=03602532&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-31 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Metal and sulfate composition of residual oil fly ash determines airway hyperreactivity and lung injury in rats. AN - 79047874; 9177658 AB - The biological effects of particulate matter (PM) deposition in the airways may depend on aqueousleachable chemical constituents of the particles. The effects of two residual oil fly ash (ROFA) PM samples of equivalent diameters but different metal and sulfate contents on pulmonary responses in Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. ROFA sample 1 (R1) had approximately twice as much saline-leachable sulfate, nickel, and vanadium, and 40 times as much iron as ROFA sample 2 (R2), while R2 had a 31-fold higher zinc content. Four groups of rats were intratracheally instilled with a suspension of 2.5 mg R2 in 0.3 ml saline (R2), the supernatant of R2 (R2s), the supernatant of 2.5 mg R1 (R1s), or saline only. By 4 days after instillation, 4 of 24 rats treated with R2s or R2 had died, compared with non treated with R1s or saline, and pathological indices were greater in both R2 groups compared with the R1s group. In surviving rats, baseline pulmonary function parameters and airway hyperreactivity to acetylcholine challenge were significantly worse in R2 and R2s groups than in the R1s group. Numbers of bronchoalveolar lavage neutrophils, but not other inflammatory cells or biochemical parameters of lung injury, were greater in both R2 groups compared with the R1s group. These results reinforce the hypothesis that the composition of soluble metals and sulfate leached from ROFA, an emission source particle, is critical in the development of airway hyperreactivity and lung injury. JF - Environmental research AU - Gavett, S H AU - Madison, S L AU - Dreher, K L AU - Winsett, D W AU - McGee, J K AU - Costa, D L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 162 EP - 172 VL - 72 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Coal Ash KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Particulate Matter KW - Petroleum KW - Sulfates KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - Acetylcholine KW - N9YNS0M02X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Pneumonia -- chemically induced KW - Acetylcholine -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Bronchial Hyperreactivity -- chemically induced KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Metals -- chemistry KW - Sulfates -- chemistry KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Carbon -- chemistry KW - Carbon -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79047874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+research&rft.atitle=Metal+and+sulfate+composition+of+residual+oil+fly+ash+determines+airway+hyperreactivity+and+lung+injury+in+rats.&rft.au=Gavett%2C+S+H%3BMadison%2C+S+L%3BDreher%2C+K+L%3BWinsett%2C+D+W%3BMcGee%2C+J+K%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Gavett&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=162&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Plausible upper bounds: are their sums plausible? AN - 78983807; 9131827 AB - Quantitative cancer risk assessments are typically expressed as plausible upper bounds rather than estimates of central tendency. In analyses involving several carcinogens, these upper bounds are often summed to estimate overall risk. This begs the question of whether a sum of upper bounds is itself a plausible estimate of overall risk. This question can be asked in two ways: whether the sum yields an improbable estimate of overall risk (that is, is it only remotely possible for the true sum of risks to match the sum of upper bounds), or whether the sum gives a misleading estimate (that is, is the true sum of risks likely to be very different from the sum of upper bounds). Analysis of four case studies shows that as the number of risk estimates increases, their sum becomes increasingly improbable, but not misleading. Though the overall risk depends on the independence, additivity, and number of risk estimates, as well as the shapes of the underlying risk distributions, sums of upper bounds provide useful information about the overall risk and can be adjusted downward to give a more plausible [perhaps probable] upper bound, or even a central estimate of overall risk. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Cogliano, V J AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 77 EP - 84 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Models, Statistical KW - Models, Biological KW - Risk Assessment KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78983807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Plausible+upper+bounds%3A+are+their+sums+plausible%3F&rft.au=Cogliano%2C+V+J&rft.aulast=Cogliano&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-03 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methanol causes posteriorization of cervical vertebrae in mice. AN - 78973710; 9143095 AB - Inhalation of methanol by pregnant mice before gestation day nine (gd 9) produces fetal skeletal alterations, principally in the cervical region. The appearance of these defects suggests homeotic shifts in segment identity, patterning, or both. To explore this possibility, detailed morphological analyses of the effects of methanol on fetal skeletal development were done. Pregnant mice were gavaged with 0, 4.0, or 5.0 g/kg methanol (MeOH) split in two doses on gd 7, the most sensitive day for induction of skeletal alterations with methanol. Dams were killed on gd 18 and the fetuses were counted, weighed, and examined externally. Fetuses were double stained with alcian blue and alizarin red for examination of cartilaginous and ossified vertebral and rib characteristics, and in selected fetuses cervical vertebrae were disarticulated for more detailed analysis. Observations indicative of methanol-induced homeotic transformations were as follows: [tabular data: see abstract volume] Examination of disarticulated vertebrae revealed foramina and other distinguishing characteristics on vertebrae anterior to those on which they normally appear. These results demonstrate that maternal methanol exposure can alter segment patterning in the developing mouse embryo, producing posteriorization of cervical vertebrae. JF - Teratology AU - Connelly, L E AU - Rogers, J M AD - Developmental Biology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 138 EP - 144 VL - 55 IS - 2 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Tretinoin KW - 5688UTC01R KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Animals KW - Genes, Homeobox -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Gestational Age KW - Tretinoin -- toxicity KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Methanol -- administration & dosage KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- pathology KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- genetics KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- embryology KW - Cervical Vertebrae -- embryology KW - Cervical Vertebrae -- abnormalities UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78973710?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Methanol+causes+posteriorization+of+cervical+vertebrae+in+mice.&rft.au=Connelly%2C+L+E%3BRogers%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Connelly&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-07-18 N1 - Date created - 1997-07-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A kinetic study of the methanolysis of the sulfonylureas bensulfuron methyl and sulfometuron methyl using capillary electrophoresis. AN - 78912743; 9080127 AB - The instability of sulfonylureas in solution in methanol has led us to a kinetic study of methanolysis of two sulfonylureas using capillary electrophoresis. In a preliminary experiment, solutions of the seven compounds, bensulfuron methyl, sulfometuron methyl, nicosulfuron, chlorimuron ethyl, thifensulfuron methyl, metsulfuron methyl, and chlorsulfuron were prepared in methanol and in acetonitrile. After six weeks at room temperature the compounds dissolved in acetonitrile were quite stable as shown by electropherograms obtained with free zone capillary electrophoresis (CE). All seven of the compounds dissolved in methanol had undergone extensive degradation and in some cases the sulfonylurea could not be detected. Bensulfuron methyl and sulfometuron methyl were selected for further detailed study. Solutions of these two compounds in methanol were heated at 5, 40, 57, and 65 degrees C. No decomposition of either compound was observed in similar solutions of acetonitrile incubated at 57 degrees C. The rates of decomposition in methanolic solutions were estimated from the decrease in instrumental response representing the peaks of the two sulfonylureas. The methanolysis of both compounds proceeded with pseudo first-order kinetics as evidenced by the fact that semilogarithmic plots of the concentration of the substrate as a function of time were linear (correlation coefficients of 0.99). Rate constants and half-lives for the reactions at 40, 50, 57, and 65 degrees C were determined. These varied by factors of 18 to 22 depending upon the reaction temperature. The energies of activation for these reactions were estimated from the appropriate Arrhenius plots and found to be 26 kcal per mole for bensulfuron methyl and 24.5 kcal per mole for sulfometuron methyl. The kinetics of appearance of the products of methanolysis were directly related to and accurately predicted by the pseudo first-order rate constants observed for disappearance of the sulfonylureas. Kinetic study of the reaction mixture by negative and positive-ion mass spectrometry indicated that the products of methanolysis of sulfometuron methyl were 2-carboxymethyl (N-carboxymethyl)benzsulfonamide and 2-amino-4,6-di-methyl pyrimidine and suggested a general mechanism for methanolysis of each of the seven compounds studied. JF - Electrophoresis AU - Matchett, W H AU - Winnik, W AU - Betowski, L O AU - Brumley, W C AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV, USA. Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 205 EP - 213 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0173-0835, 0173-0835 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds KW - methyl bensulfuron KW - 83055-99-6 KW - sulfometuron methyl KW - JLY5D60J1A KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Molecular Structure KW - Kinetics KW - Time Factors KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds -- chemistry KW - Herbicides -- chemistry KW - Methanol -- chemistry KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78912743?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Electrophoresis&rft.atitle=A+kinetic+study+of+the+methanolysis+of+the+sulfonylureas+bensulfuron+methyl+and+sulfometuron+methyl+using+capillary+electrophoresis.&rft.au=Matchett%2C+W+H%3BWinnik%2C+W%3BBetowski%2C+L+O%3BBrumley%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Matchett&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Electrophoresis&rft.issn=01730835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Endocrine disruptors and reproductive development: a weight-of-evidence overview. AN - 78899240; 9071972 AB - It is clear that the endocrine system presents a number of target sites for the induction of adverse effects by environmental agents (Fig. 1). There are numerous examples demonstrating that reproductive and developmental processes may be exquisitely sensitive to exposure and there are clear effects induced by presumed endocrine-disrupting chemicals in a variety of species. The concerns raised by studies of wildlife and humans place added significance on a better understanding of the myriad of effects attributed to endocrine disruptors. But there remains a large void between the study of relatively high exposure levels used in laboratory settings versus the relatively low levels found in the general environment. It is also equally clear that the term "endocrine disruption' has been applied to situations where the biological basis is far from conclusive. This may be a moot point in situations where populations are experiencing adverse effects on reproduction, but as scientists we must be vigilant of the appropriate use of descriptive terminology, particularly in cases where public awareness and concern are as great as this. Not only is there a need for better test procedures (both in vivo and in vitro) to characterize the potential of environmental agents to disrupt endocrine function in laboratory species, but there is also a need for a more comprehensive understanding of the normal physiological processes associated with reproduction and development in those wildlife species studied. At the same time, obtaining better information on the transport, fate and bioavailability of chemicals released into the environment remains an important but imposing task. The goals of risk characterization are to carefully delineate cause-and-effect relationships, define the dose-response relationships, and determine whether environmental exposures exceed acceptable levels. A concerted research effort is needed to fill the voids in our knowledge and reduce the large uncertainties that exist today. Only then can regulatory actions take place within the confines of legislative mandates, remediation strategies and considerations of international use and transport. Towards this end, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sponsored two workshops in 1995 (Ankley et al. 1996, Kavlock et al. 1996) at which groups of international scientists began the process of identifying research needs. Similar efforts also took place in several European countries at about the same time (Danish Environmental Protection Agency 1995, Medical Research Council 1995, Umweltbundesamt 1995). More recently, a Working Group on Endocrine Disruptors has been established within the Committee on the Environment and Natural Resources of the US Government's National Science and Technology Council. The objectives of this Working Group are to (1) formulate a framework for identifying research needs related to the health and ecological effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals; (2) conduct an inventory of on-going federal research programs; and (3) identify research gaps and facilitate a co-ordinated research plan to address them. These efforts were largely completed in the Fall of 1996 and the information will be made available via the Internet (http;@www.cpa.gov/endocrine). The group also plans to work more broadly with other governments and private industry and public interest groups conducting research on this tissue to co-ordinate research and disseminate scientific information. Persons wishing to know more about this effort should contact the authors. The issue of endocrine disruption has raised the consciousness of many researchers, both within and outside the toxicology community, and has attracted considerable public and political interest. We now have the beginnings of international co-operation to identify the most important scientific uncertainties and to dedicate resources to address the critical gaps. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED) JF - The Journal of endocrinology AU - Cooper, R L AU - Kavlock, R J AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 159 EP - 166 VL - 152 IS - 2 SN - 0022-0795, 0022-0795 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hormones KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sperm Count -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Genitalia -- drug effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Genitalia -- embryology KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Hormones -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78899240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+endocrinology&rft.atitle=Endocrine+disruptors+and+reproductive+development%3A+a+weight-of-evidence+overview.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+R+L%3BKavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+endocrinology&rft.issn=00220795&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-02 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's use of groundwater modeling system to assist in the evaluation of a RCRA facility investigation AN - 52714913; 1997-039653 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Goldblum, Deborah AU - Brown, Christopher AU - Stevens, Glendon AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 48 EP - 49 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - models KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - three-dimensional models KW - GMS KW - graphic display KW - government agencies KW - data processing KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - applications KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52714913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+use+of+groundwater+modeling+system+to+assist+in+the+evaluation+of+a+RCRA+facility+investigation&rft.au=Goldblum%2C+Deborah%3BBrown%2C+Christopher%3BStevens%2C+Glendon%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Goldblum&rft.aufirst=Deborah&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 32nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; data processing; GMS; government agencies; graphic display; ground water; models; pollution; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; three-dimensional models; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution of League Island to the Philadelphia Naval Base and its associated environmental clean-up challenges AN - 52710597; 1997-041361 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Klawitter, Emil E AU - Pantelidou, Sarah L AU - Roche, Joseph M AU - Baker, Lorie AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 58 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Philadelphia County Pennsylvania KW - Philadelphia Pennsylvania KW - fill KW - pollution KW - Philadelphia Naval Base KW - League Island KW - Pennsylvania KW - remediation KW - dredged materials KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52710597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Evolution+of+League+Island+to+the+Philadelphia+Naval+Base+and+its+associated+environmental+clean-up+challenges&rft.au=Klawitter%2C+Emil+E%3BPantelidou%2C+Sarah+L%3BRoche%2C+Joseph+M%3BBaker%2C+Lorie%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Klawitter&rft.aufirst=Emil&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=58&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 32nd annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dredged materials; fill; League Island; Pennsylvania; Philadelphia County Pennsylvania; Philadelphia Naval Base; Philadelphia Pennsylvania; pollution; remediation; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smectite illitization in Pliocene-age Gulf of Mexico mudrocks AN - 52695344; 1997-049381 AB - Utilizing high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, we have studied the transition from shallower smectite-rich mudrocks to deeper illite-rich mudrocks in Pliocene-age turbidite sediments from the northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). Our objective in this work was to better understand how the smectite-illite transition may affect the onset of geopressuring in GOM sediments. The samples studied were sidewall cores from an offshore Louisiana well. In previous studies of GOM sediments, the smectite-to-illite reaction has mainly been documented in considerably older, Miocene-age sediments. The results of this study elucidate the reaction mechanisms entailed in the transformation of clays in this sediment from smectitic to illitic. We found that the illite formed at the expense of smectite in 2 ways: 1) growth of preexisting discrete illite flakes, and 2) creation of new illite layers within mixed-layer illite-smectite. Also, illitization apparently proceeded via a dissolution/precipitation. Al-conserving reaction rather than a solid-state, layer-conserving reaction. Smectite illitization is commonly believed to require input of K from feldspar dissolution. our XRD results found little correlation between decreases in K-feldspar and increases of illite. However, in 1 instance TEM/EDS analyses indicated the presence of high-charge smectite, which suggests that insufficient K was available for illitization. TEM images also show small packets of authigenic chlorite in illite-rich mudrock. This chlorite may act as a sink for Fe liberated upon smectite illitization. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Rask, J H AU - Bryndzia, L T AU - Braunsdorf, N R AU - Murray, T E Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 99 EP - 109 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - high-resolution methods KW - mudstone KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - smectite KW - TEM data KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - cores KW - illitization KW - clay minerals KW - Cenozoic KW - Tertiary KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Neogene KW - diagenesis KW - Pliocene KW - sheet silicates KW - transformations KW - North Atlantic KW - clastic rocks KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52695344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Smectite+illitization+in+Pliocene-age+Gulf+of+Mexico+mudrocks&rft.au=Rask%2C+J+H%3BBryndzia%2C+L+T%3BBraunsdorf%2C+N+R%3BMurray%2C+T+E&rft.aulast=Rask&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; Cenozoic; clastic rocks; clay minerals; cores; diagenesis; Gulf of Mexico; high-resolution methods; illitization; mudstone; Neogene; North Atlantic; Pliocene; sedimentary rocks; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; TEM data; Tertiary; transformations; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combining scanning tunneling microscopy and computer simulation of humic substances; citric acid, a model AN - 52625682; 1998-021106 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Bailey, George W AU - Shevchenko, Sergey M AU - Yu, Y Shane AU - Kamermans, Heleen Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 92 EP - 101 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 61 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - high-resolution methods KW - chemical analysis KW - scanning tunneling microscopy KW - physicochemical properties KW - data processing KW - techniques KW - citric acid KW - humic acids KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - solvents KW - digital simulation KW - geochemistry KW - electron microscopy KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52625682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Combining+scanning+tunneling+microscopy+and+computer+simulation+of+humic+substances%3B+citric+acid%2C+a+model&rft.au=Bailey%2C+George+W%3BShevchenko%2C+Sergey+M%3BYu%2C+Y+Shane%3BKamermans%2C+Heleen&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=George&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, 3 plates N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical analysis; citric acid; data processing; digital simulation; electron microscopy; geochemistry; high-resolution methods; humic acids; humic substances; models; organic acids; organic compounds; pH; physicochemical properties; scanning tunneling microscopy; solvents; techniques ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Boron sorption and release by allophane AN - 52625664; 1998-021104 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Su, Chunming AU - Suarez, Donald L Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 69 EP - 77 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 61 IS - 1 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - silicates KW - sorption KW - desorption KW - iron oxides KW - mechanism KW - suspended materials KW - infrared spectra KW - clay minerals KW - hydroxides KW - FTIR spectra KW - allophane KW - ligands KW - aluminum oxides KW - precipitation KW - DRIFT spectra KW - oxides KW - sheet silicates KW - boron KW - spectra KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52625664?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Boron+sorption+and+release+by+allophane&rft.au=Su%2C+Chunming%3BSuarez%2C+Donald+L&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Chunming&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - allophane; aluminum oxides; boron; clay minerals; desorption; DRIFT spectra; FTIR spectra; geochemistry; hydroxides; infrared spectra; iron oxides; ligands; mechanism; oxides; pH; precipitation; sheet silicates; silicates; sorption; spectra; suspended materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long-term study of volatile organic compound recovery from ampulated, dry, fortified soils AN - 52278141; 2001-007280 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Minnich, Marti M AU - Zimmerman, John H AU - Schumacher, Brian A Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 108 EP - 114 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - soils KW - methods KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - experimental studies KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - trichloroethane KW - techniques KW - analysis KW - benzene KW - recovery KW - remediation KW - methanol KW - ethylbenzene KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - alcohols KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52278141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Long-term+study+of+volatile+organic+compound+recovery+from+ampulated%2C+dry%2C+fortified+soils&rft.au=Minnich%2C+Marti+M%3BZimmerman%2C+John+H%3BSchumacher%2C+Brian+A&rft.aulast=Minnich&rft.aufirst=Marti&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; analysis; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; chlorinated hydrocarbons; ethylbenzene; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; methanol; methods; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; recovery; remediation; soils; techniques; toluene; trichloroethane; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-layer sampling in conventional monitoring wells for improved estimation of vertical contaminant distributions and mass AN - 51038331; 1997-042840 AB - "Traditional" approaches to sampling groundwater and interpreting monitoring well data often provide misleading pictures of plume shape and location in the subsurface and the true extent of contamination. Groundwater samples acquired using pumps and bailers in conventional monitoring wells yield data which are largely dependent upon the length of the screened interval, the purging and sampling method employed, and the purge volume extracted prior to sample collection. Accurate delineation of plume boundaries and vertical concentration gradients is desirable, to accurately characterize waste sites and optimize remedial strategies. The objective of this study was to compare sampling results using four different sampling approaches and devices. Conventional monitoring wells were sampled with an electric submersible pump using low-flow sampling techniques and with a bailer using "traditional" sampling methods. The same wells were also sampled with a passive multi-layer sampling system (DMLS (super R) , Margan Ltd.). Finally, aqueous concentrations were also determined in the formation adjacent to the monitoring wells studied using a Geoprobe (super R) and short (30 cm) screens. Results indicated that "traditional" sampling methods can provide misleading information regarding contaminant distribution and mass and indeed can miss the presence of contamination altogether. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Puls, Robert W AU - Paul, Cynthia J Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 85 EP - 111 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 25 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - wells KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - detection limit KW - observation wells KW - layered materials KW - ground water KW - errors KW - sampling KW - Pasquotank County North Carolina KW - chromium KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - Elizabeth City North Carolina KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - distribution KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - metals KW - infiltration KW - North Carolina KW - water wells KW - accuracy KW - instruments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51038331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Multi-layer+sampling+in+conventional+monitoring+wells+for+improved+estimation+of+vertical+contaminant+distributions+and+mass&rft.au=Puls%2C+Robert+W%3BPaul%2C+Cynthia+J&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; case studies; chromium; contaminant plumes; detection limit; distribution; Elizabeth City North Carolina; errors; ground water; infiltration; instruments; layered materials; metals; North Carolina; observation wells; Pasquotank County North Carolina; pollutants; pollution; sampling; United States; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A composite numerical model for assessing subsurface transport of oily wastes and chemical constituents AN - 51036091; 1997-042838 AB - Subsurface fate and transport models are utilized to predict concentrations of chemicals leaching from wastes into downgradient receptor wells. The contaminant concentrations in groundwater provide a measure of the risk to human health and the environment. The level of potential risk is currently used by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to determine whether management of the wastes should conform to hazardous waste management standards. It is important that the transport and fate of contaminants is simulated realistically. Most models in common use are inappropriate for simulating the migration of wastes containing significant fractions of nonaqueous-phase liquids (NAPLs). The migration of NAPL and its dissolved constituents may not be reliably predicted using conventional aqueous-phase transport simulations. To overcome this deficiency, an efficient and robust regulatory assessment model incorporating multiphase flow and transport in the unsaturated and saturated zones of the subsurface environment has been developed. The proposed composite model takes into account all of the major transport processes including infiltration and ambient flow of NAPL, entrapment of residual NAPL, adsorption, volatilization, degradation, dissolution of chemical constituents, and transport by advection and hydrodynamic dispersion. Conceptually, the subsurface is treated as a composite unsaturated zone-saturated zone system. The composite simulator consists of three major interconnected computational modules representing the following components of the migration pathway: (1) vertical multiphase flow and transport in the unsaturated zone; (2) areal movement of the free-product lens in the saturated zone with vertical equilibrium; and (3) three-dimensional aqueous-phase transport of dissolved chemicals in ambient groundwater. Such a composite model configuration promotes computational efficiency and robustness (desirable for regulatory assessment applications). Two examples are presented to demonstrate the model verification and a site application. Simulation results obtained using the composite modeling approach are compared with a rigorous numerical solution and field observations of crude oil saturations and plume concentrations of total dissolved organic carbon at a spill site in Minnesota, U.S.A. These comparisons demonstrate the ability of the present model to provide realistic depiction of field-scale situations. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Panday, S AU - Wu, Y S AU - Huyakorn, P S AU - Wade, S C AU - Saleem, Z A Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - February 1997 SP - 39 EP - 62 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 25 IS - 1-2 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - wells KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - contaminant plumes KW - unsaturated zone KW - chemical waste KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - Beltrami County Minnesota KW - mobility KW - Minnesota KW - concentration KW - numerical models KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - migration of elements KW - adsorption KW - petroleum products KW - Bemidji Minnesota KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - case studies KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved materials KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - leaching KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51036091?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+composite+numerical+model+for+assessing+subsurface+transport+of+oily+wastes+and+chemical+constituents&rft.au=Panday%2C+S%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BHuyakorn%2C+P+S%3BWade%2C+S+C%3BSaleem%2C+Z+A&rft.aulast=Panday&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aquifers; Beltrami County Minnesota; Bemidji Minnesota; case studies; chemical waste; concentration; contaminant plumes; dissolved materials; ground water; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; leaching; mathematical models; migration of elements; Minnesota; mobility; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; saturated zone; simulation; solute transport; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; volatiles; waste management; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The IPCS collaborative study on neurobehavioral screening methods AN - 16023376; 4094233 AB - The International Programme on Chemical Safety sponsored a collaborative study to evaluate the utility of neurobehavioral test methods for identifying neurotoxic chemicals. The protocol consisted of a functional observational battery and automated assessment of motor activity. The study involved four laboratories in the United States and four in Europe, each of which evaluated the dose- and time-related effects of seven prototypic chemicals following both single and 4-week repeated exposures. The protocol was designed to assess the general utility and reliability of neurobehavioral screening procedures in a diversity of testing situations. The results of chemical testing indicated that all participating laboratories generally could detect and characterize the effects of known neurotoxicants, despite some differences on specific endpoints. These data provide important information regarding the reliability and sensitivity of neurobehavioral screening methods over a range of laboratory conditions. The purpose of this workshop was to describe the background and study design of the collaborative effort, present the data (including comparison of results across laboratories), and discuss issues regarding the conduct and interpretation of these behavioral tests, as well as future directions for neurotoxicity screening. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Moser, V C AU - Becking, G C AU - MacPhail, R C AU - Kulig, B M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - Feb 1997 VL - 35 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - neurotoxins KW - behavior KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16023376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+IPCS+collaborative+study+on+neurobehavioral+screening+methods&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C%3BBecking%2C+G+C%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C%3BKulig%2C+B+M&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=neurotoxins&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxins; toxicity testing; behavior ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of plant and earthworm bioassays to evaluate remediation of a lead-contaminated soil AN - 16020857; 4094174 AB - Earthworm acute toxicity, plant seed germination/root elongation (SG /RE) and plant genotoxicity bioassays were employed to evaluate the remediation of a lead-contaminated soil. The remediation involved removal of heavy metals by a soil washing/soil leaching treatment process. A portion of the soil after remediation was rinsed with water in order to simulate exposure to rainfall. The bioassay results showed that the soils before treatment (BT) and after treatment plus water rinsing (RT) were not toxic to earthworms in a 14-day exposure, while after treatment (AT) showed significant toxicity. The LC50 values for Eisenia fetida and Lumbricus terrestris were 44.04 and 28.83 (as % AT soil supplemented in artificial soil), respectively. The phytotoxicity data indicated that all three test soils significantly inhibited lettuce SG/RE in a dose-related manner, with AT being the most phytotoxic. In oats, RT had no effect on SG/RE and AT was more toxic than BT. For the two local site grass seeds tested (blue grama and sideoat grama), the AT soil was the most phytotoxic followed by BT and RT. In Allium cepa (common onion), BT and AT induced similar levels of genetic damage to root tip cells, whereas RT was not genotoxic. High salt levels generated during the remediation process appeared to be responsible for the increased toxicity of AT soil for both plants and earthworms. The rinsing of the AT soil with water effectively removed both acutely toxic and genotoxic components of the soil. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Chang, L W AU - Meier, J R AU - Smith, M K AD - Ecological Exposure Research Division, National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - Feb 1997 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Allium cepa KW - phytotoxicity KW - soil remediation KW - lead KW - heavy metals KW - Lumbricus terretris KW - soil pollution KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - Lumbricus terrestris KW - plants KW - Eisenia fetida KW - terrestrial environments KW - genotoxicity KW - bioassays KW - bioremediation KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16020857?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Application+of+plant+and+earthworm+bioassays+to+evaluate+remediation+of+a+lead-contaminated+soil&rft.au=Chang%2C+L+W%3BMeier%2C+J+R%3BSmith%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=lead&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eisenia fetida; Lumbricus terrestris; Allium cepa; soil remediation; lead; bioassays; plants; genotoxicity; heavy metals; phytotoxicity; terrestrial environments; bioremediation; toxicity testing; soil pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental auditing. An approach for characterizing tropospheric ozone risk to forests AN - 15981191; 4072096 AB - The risk tropospheric ozone poses to forests in the United States is dependent on the variation in ozone exposure across the distribution of the forests in question and the various environmental and climate factors predominant in the region. All these factors have a spatial nature, and consequently an approach to characterization of ozone risk is presented that places ozone exposure-response functions for species as seedlings and model-simulated tree and stand responses in a spatial context using a geographical information systems (GIS). The GIS is used to aggregate factors considered important in a risk characterization, including: (1) estimated ozone exposures over forested regions, (2) measures of ozone effects on species' and stand growth, and (3) spatially distributed environmental, genetic, and exposure influences on species' response to ozone. The GIS-based risk characterization provides an estimation of the extent and magnitude of the potential ozone impact on forests. A preliminary risk characterization demonstrating this approach considered only the eastern United States and only the limited empirical data quantifying the effect of ozone exposures on forest tree species as seedlings. The area-weighted response of the annual seedling biomass loss formed the basis for a sensitivity ranking: sensitive - aspen and black cherry (14%-33% biomass loss over 50% of their distribution); moderately sensitive - tulip popular, loblolly pine, eastern white pine, and sugar maple (5%-13% biomass loss); insensitive - Virginia pine and red maple (0%-1% loss). In the future, the GIS-based risk characterization will include process-based model simulations of the three- to 5-year growth response of individual species as large trees with relevant environmental interactions and model simulated response of mixed stands. The interactive nature of GIS provides a tool to explore consequences of the range of climate conditions across a species' distribution, forest management practices, changing ozone precursors, regulatory control strategies, and other factors influencing the spatial distribution of ozone over time as more information becomes available. JF - Environmental Management AU - Hogsett, W E AU - Weber, JE AU - Tingey, D AU - Herstrom, A AU - Lee, E H AU - Laurence, JA AD - US EPA, Environ. Res. Lab.-Corvallis, 20 SW 35th, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - Feb 1997 SP - 105 EP - 120 VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - risk assessment KW - ecosystem disturbance KW - environmental audits KW - ozone KW - Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - forests KW - troposphere KW - geographic information systems KW - pollution effects KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - D 04002:Surveying and remote sensing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15981191?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Environmental+auditing.+An+approach+for+characterizing+tropospheric+ozone+risk+to+forests&rft.au=Hogsett%2C+W+E%3BWeber%2C+JE%3BTingey%2C+D%3BHerstrom%2C+A%3BLee%2C+E+H%3BLaurence%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Hogsett&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental audits; troposphere; ozone; pollution effects; forests; geographic information systems; risk assessment; ecosystem disturbance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of auxiliary data for spatial interpolation of ozone exposure in southeastern forests AN - 15912106; 4039504 AB - In order to assess the impact of tropospheric ozone on forests, it is necessary to quantify ozone exposure on regional scales. Since ozone monitoring stations are widely scattered and mostly concentrate in urban and suburban areas, some form of spatial interpolation is necessary to estimate ambient air quality at non-monitored forested sites. This paper examines four different interpolation procedures for estimating ozone exposure as quantified by the SUM06 index for July 1988 within the geographic range of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) in the southeastern United States. The first three methods, inverse distance weighting (INVD), inverse distance squared weighting (INVD2), and ordinary kriging, are routinely used interpolators. In addition, we examined the use of cokriging, a geostatistical procedure which utilizes additional information from correlated auxiliary variables to aid in estimation, with a synthetic ozone exposure potential index (EPI). This index incorporated monthly data on anthropogenic emissions of nitrous oxides (NO sub(x)), average daily maximum temperature, wind directional frequencies, and distance downwind from anthropogenic NO sub(x) sources. Cross-validation indicated that the accuracy and precision of the interpolators increased in the order: INVD < INVD2 < ordinary kriging < cokriging. Cokriging with EPI exhibited 44-62 per cent lower mean error, 0-10 per cent lower mean absolute error, 6-14 per cent lower error standard deviation, and 4-10 per cent higher predicted versus observed r super(2) values than the other three methods. These results show the potential for use of additional covariate data for prediction of ozone exposure in forested areas. However, increased monitoring of forested areas is needed to more adequately characterize forest exposure to ozone and its consequences. JF - Environmetrics AU - Phillips, D L AU - Lee, E H AU - Herstrom, A A AU - Hogsett, W E AU - Tingey, D T AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - Feb 1997 SP - 43 EP - 61 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1180-4009, 1180-4009 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - forests KW - wind KW - Pinus taeda KW - troposphere KW - USA, Southeast KW - air pollution KW - ozone KW - pollution effects KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15912106?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmetrics&rft.atitle=Use+of+auxiliary+data+for+spatial+interpolation+of+ozone+exposure+in+southeastern+forests&rft.au=Phillips%2C+D+L%3BLee%2C+E+H%3BHerstrom%2C+A+A%3BHogsett%2C+W+E%3BTingey%2C+D+T&rft.aulast=Phillips&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmetrics&rft.issn=11804009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus taeda; USA, Southeast; forests; air pollution; ozone; pollution effects; troposphere; wind ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by ion trap tandem mass spectrometry AN - 15856701; 4022988 AB - An ion-trap mass spectrometer with a wave board and tandem mass spectrometry software was used to analyze gas chromatographically separated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by using collision-induced dissociation (CID). The nonresonant (multiple collision) mode was used to determine the conditions for CID ionization of 18 PAHs. Unlike in electron impact (EI) analysis, the relative abundances of progeny ions of isomers were statistically different (using Student's t-test) in CID analysis, thus making isomer identification by CID possible. For comparison, CID and El were applied to the analysis of used motor oil. CID analysis was shown to be more sensitive than EI analysis of the used motor oil. Precision at the 10-ppb level for EI and CID showed relative standard deviations of 5.2 and 7.7%, respectively. JF - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry AU - Pyle, S M AU - Donnelly Betowski, L AU - Marcus, AB AU - Winnik, W AU - Brittain, R D AD - U.S. EPA, P.O. Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA Y1 - 1997/02// PY - 1997 DA - Feb 1997 SP - 183 EP - 190 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 1044-0305, 1044-0305 KW - measuring techniques KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - gas chromatography KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - mass spectroscopy KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15856701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+by+ion+trap+tandem+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Pyle%2C+S+M%3BDonnelly+Betowski%2C+L%3BMarcus%2C+AB%3BWinnik%2C+W%3BBrittain%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Pyle&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-02-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=10440305&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; mass spectroscopy; gas chromatography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Protection Agency Risk Assessment-- Process and Toxicologic Pathology AN - 869567217; 13645808 AB - Risk assessment of a pesticide includes the identification of hazard, dose-response, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. Toxicology study reports undergo several levels of scientific and regulatory review in the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Office of Pesticide Programs. A Health Effects Division (HED) scientist reviews the reports. The resulting Data Evaluation Records are presented to several internal HED Peer Review committees to ensure consistency across chemicals in establishing which hazard end points to use when determining the reference dose and carcinogenicity potential for use in dietary and nondietary risk assessments. There may also be external reviews. The toxicologic pathologist can impact many steps in this process. The noncancer end points are just as important as the cancer end points when evaluating the hazard component of a pesticide. The toxicologic pathologist can assist in the hazard and risk characterization by being clear and concise, carefully defining terms and relating individual lesions to the animal, study, and database as a whole. The preceding will assist the HED in fulfilling EPA Administrator Carol Browner's guidance for risk characterizations that are transparent, clear, concise, and reasonable. JF - Toxicologic Pathology AU - Copley, Marion P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (7509C), Office of Pesticide Programs, Health Effects Division, Waterside Mall, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, D.C. 20460 Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - Jan 1997 SP - 68 EP - 71 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Databases KW - Data processing KW - Carcinogenicity KW - Reviews KW - Pesticides KW - Cancer KW - X 24330:Agrochemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/869567217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.atitle=Environmental+Protection+Agency+Risk+Assessment--+Process+and+Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.au=Copley%2C+Marion+P&rft.aulast=Copley&rft.aufirst=Marion&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=68&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F019262339702500113 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Databases; Data processing; Carcinogenicity; Reviews; Pesticides; Cancer DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019262339702500113 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implementation of the Food Quality Protection Act. AN - 79646588; 10346678 JF - Food and drug law journal AU - Johnson, S L AD - Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, USA. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 525 EP - 529 VL - 52 IS - 4 SN - 1064-590X, 1064-590X KW - Pesticide Residues KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Health technology assessment KW - United States KW - Public Health -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Humans KW - Quality Control KW - Risk Assessment KW - Food Industry -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Food -- standards KW - Legislation, Food UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79646588?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+drug+law+journal&rft.atitle=Implementation+of+the+Food+Quality+Protection+Act.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+drug+law+journal&rft.issn=1064590X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1999-04-23 N1 - Date created - 1999-04-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Summary of measured radiofrequency electric and magnetic fields (10 kHz to 30 GHz) in the general and work environment. AN - 79426212; 9383245 AB - We have plotted data from a number of studies on the range of radiofrequency (RF) field levels associated with a variety of environmental and occupational sources. Field intensity is shown in units of volts/meter (V/m) for electric field strength and amps/meter (A/m) for magnetic field strength. Duty factors, modulation frequencies, and modulation indices are also reported for some sources. This paper is organized into seven sections, each cataloging sources into appropriate RF frequency bands from very-low frequency (VLF) to super-high frequency (SHF), and covers frequencies from 10 kHz to 30 GHz. Sources included in this summary are the following: Coast Guard navigational transmitters, a Navy VLF transmitter, computer visual display terminals (VDTs), induction stoves or range tops, industrial induction and dielectric heaters, radio and television broadcast transmitters, amateur and citizens band (CB) transmitters, medical diathermy and electrosurgical units, mobile and handheld transmitters, cordless and cellular telephones, microwave ovens, microwave terrestrial relay and satellite uplinks, and police, air traffic, and aircraft onboard radars. For the sources included in this summary, the strongest fields are found near industrial induction and dielectric heaters, and close to the radiating elements or transmitter leads of high power antenna systems. Handheld transmitters can produce near fields of about 500 V/m at the antenna. Fields in the general urban environment are principally associated with radio and TV broadcast services and measure about 0.1 V/m root-mean-square (rms). Peak fields from air traffic radars sampled in one urban environment were about 10 V/m, 300 times greater than the rms value of 0.03 V/m when the duty factor associated with antenna rotation and pulsing are factored in. JF - Bioelectromagnetics AU - Mantiply, E D AU - Pohl, K R AU - Poppell, S W AU - Murphy, J A AD - National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601, USA. mantiply.edwin@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 563 EP - 577 VL - 18 IS - 8 SN - 0197-8462, 0197-8462 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Radio Waves KW - Occupational Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Electromagnetic Fields KW - Microwaves KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Occupational Exposure -- classification KW - Environmental Exposure -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79426212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.atitle=Summary+of+measured+radiofrequency+electric+and+magnetic+fields+%2810+kHz+to+30+GHz%29+in+the+general+and+work+environment.&rft.au=Mantiply%2C+E+D%3BPohl%2C+K+R%3BPoppell%2C+S+W%3BMurphy%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Mantiply&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=563&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.issn=01978462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Separation and detection of three aryltins by capillary electrophoresis-UV/VIS diode array. AN - 79404650; 9384718 AB - The trialkyltins and triphenyltins have widespread application as fungicides, antifouling coatings for porous surfaces, herbicides, insecticides, and generic biocides. Due to the varied toxicity of each species of organotins, it is important that methods address the speciation of the organotins. Traditional methods call for the hydrolysis and subsequent derivatization of the organotins before analysis. These methods can be time consuming, derivatization can be incomplete, and high levels of background interference produce difficulties in identification and quantitation. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (U.S. EPA) current methods do not address the speciation of organotins; instead they only analyze for total tin. It is important, because of the differing levels of toxicity of the various congeners of organotins, to speciate them from each other and inorganic tin. The research reported in this paper addresses the use of CE with UV/VIS diode-array detection to separate and detect three phenyltins (i.e., tri-, di-, and mono-), without the need to either derivatize or complex them. JF - Journal of capillary electrophoresis AU - Jones, T L AU - Riddick, L AD - U.S. EPA, NERL-CRD, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 33 EP - 37 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1079-5383, 1079-5383 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - 0 KW - Organotin Compounds KW - diphenyltin KW - 1011-95-6 KW - phenyltin KW - 2406-68-0 KW - triphenyltin KW - 95T92AGN0V KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary -- methods KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary -- instrumentation KW - Spectrophotometry -- methods KW - Organotin Compounds -- isolation & purification KW - Organotin Compounds -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79404650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.atitle=Separation+and+detection+of+three+aryltins+by+capillary+electrophoresis-UV%2FVIS+diode+array.&rft.au=Jones%2C+T+L%3BRiddick%2C+L&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.issn=10795383&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-02 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurochemical effects of polychlorinated biphenyls: an overview and identification of research needs. AN - 79350256; 9339820 AB - The PCBs are members of the halogenated hydrocarbon class of environmental chemicals that includes the dibenzofurans and dioxins. The PCBs were used over a period of 40 years for number of industrial purposes. Their appearance in the ecosystem and biological samples from wildlife, as well as documented cases of accidental poisoning led to the banning of their manufacture in 1977. The PCBs continue to be of concern to environmental toxicologists because of their persistence in the environment and reports that exposure to relatively low levels may be associated with subtle behavioral and neurological deficits, particularly if exposure occurs during development. Developmental neurotoxicity of PCBs has been reported in humans and confirmed in several laboratory animal species, including non-human primates. During the last 20 years, there has been an attempt to understand the cellular bases of PCB-induced behavioral and neurological effects in animal models. Exposure of adult animals to a single, relatively high dose of PCBs decreases the content of several brain neurotransmitters, while repeated exposure to lower PCB doses appears to affect brain DA metabolism. The mechanism by which PCB affects DA remains unclear. It is now known that some PCB congeners have a structural configuration that facilitates binding to an aryl hydrocarbon (Ah) receptor like other polychlorinated compounds, including 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Some PCB congeners, on the other hand, have structural characteristics, e.g., non-coplanarity, that diminish access to the Ah receptor. Non-TCDD-like PCB congeners that appear in the brain following in vivo exposure demonstrate the highest potency in terms of decreasing DA content in PC-12 cells and inhibiting calcium homeostasis mechanisms in vitro. The biological significance of the effects of the PCBs on DA content or calcium homeostasis with regard to the behavioral and neurological effects observed following developmental exposure in vivo is not clear. Recent research, however, suggests that PCBs can alter a number of physiological processes that may be important for development. For example, PCB-induced alterations in thyroid function during development may underlie some of the developmental effects of PCBs reported in humans and animal models. Additional research on the PCBs seems warranted in a number of areas, including the: 1) structural requirements necessary for binding to the Ah-receptor, 2) mechanism(s) of PCB-induced alterations in DA content and calcium homeostasis in vitro, 3) relationship between observed neurochemical effects in vitro and effects in vivo, and 4) relationship between PCB-induced neurochemical effects and crucial developmental processes such as those controlled by thyroid hormone development. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Tilson, H A AU - Kodavanti, P R AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 727 EP - 743 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Neurotransmitter Agents KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Neurotransmitter Agents -- metabolism KW - Signal Transduction -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79350256?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Neurochemical+effects+of+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3A+an+overview+and+identification+of+research+needs.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A%3BKodavanti%2C+P+R&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=727&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-11-18 N1 - Date created - 1997-11-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure-activity relationships of potentially neurotoxic PCB congeners in the rat. AN - 79273872; 9291492 AB - We have explored the effects of PCBs on Ca(2+)-homeostasis and inositol phosphates in an attempt to understand cellular mechanism(s) for neurotoxicity of PCBs. The selected prototypic congeners have non-dioxin-like (2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl; 2,2'-DCB; IUPAC # 4; ortho-substituted) and dioxin-like (3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl; 3,3',4,4',5-PeCB; IUPAC # 126; non-ortho substituted) properties. The hypothesis is that some PCBs in vitro alter Ca(2+)-homeostasis and interfere with intracellular second messengers. One of the consequences of this perturbation is protein kinase C (PKC) translocation, and these events could lead to cytotoxicity. Our results indicate that the non-dioxin like PCB (ortho-substituted one) is active in vitro and perturbed signal transduction mechanism including Ca(2+)-homeostasis and PKC translocation. The effects were seen at relatively low concentrations (5-50 microM), whereas higher concentrations (> 200 microM) were required to produce cytotoxicity. Results from SAR, in general, indicate that congeners with chlorine substitutions at ortho-position or low lateral substitutions (mostly meta-) are active in vitro where as non-ortho congeners are inactive. In summary, these results indicate that low lateral substitution (especially without para-substitution that favor coplanarity) or high lateral content in the presence of ortho-substitution (to hinder coplanarity) may be the most critical structural requirement underlying the activity of PCB congeners in vitro. Additional experiments with polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs) and their analogs, where coplanarity is difficult regardless of degree and pattern of chlorination, provided important information supporting our hypothesis that coplanarity plays a key role in the activity of PCBs in vitro. For example, a PCB congener with 3,3',4,4'-chlorine substitutions is not active whereas a PCDE with the same chlorine substitutions is active. Similarity, 4,4'-DCB is not active whereas PCDE with 4,4'-substitutions is active. One major structural difference in PCDE when compared to the corresponding PCB is non-coplanarity. The PCBs compared here are coplanar and not active, whereas PCDEs are non-coplanar and active in vitro in neuronal preparations. Molecular mechanics calculations and conformational searches confirmed the extent of coplanarity among PCBs and PCDEs. Non-ortho PCBs are more coplanar in nature when compared to ortho-PCBs and PCDEs. These results demonstrate that the extent of coplanarity of certain chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons can affect their potency in vitro, and ortho-substitutions on the biphenyl, which increase non-coplanarity, are characteristics of the most active PCB congeners. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Tilson, H A AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 425 EP - 441 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Nervous System Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79273872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Structure-activity+relationships+of+potentially+neurotoxic+PCB+congeners+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-23 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The workshop on endocrine disrupter research needs: a report. AN - 79273012; 9291489 AB - On April 10-13, 1995 the US EPA sponsored a workshop to develop research needs for endocrine disrupters. Participants were assigned to discussion groups for health effects issues and risk assessment methodologies. The neurotoxicology workgroup identified several chemicals including the PCBs and dioxins that affect nervous system function possibly by acting on the endocrine system during development. The study of endocrine disrupter is confounded by a number of uncertainties, including the presence of chemical mixtures in the environment unclear exposure parameters, poorly understood mechanisms of action, poor dose-response characterization, and uncertain animal-to-human extrapolation. The working group proposed a research strategy to address these uncertainties, which includes initial identification of effects of concern to human and/or wildlife populations and determining whether those effects can be associated with exposure to specific chemicals in the environment and neuroendocrine disruption. Once a problem chemical has been identified and the exposure conditions established, hypothesis-driven research to determine mechanism of action could proceed. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Tilson, H A AU - Kavlock, R J AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 389 EP - 392 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Endocrine System Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Endocrine System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Endocrine System Diseases -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79273012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=The+workshop+on+endocrine+disrupter+research+needs%3A+a+report.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A%3BKavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-10-23 N1 - Date created - 1997-10-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone measurements in the urban and extra-urban areas of Pisa during the summer of 1995. AN - 79243797; 9275991 AB - During the Summer of 1995, atmospheric ozone concentrations were measured in five areas with different geographical and environmental characteristics. The five areas included: 1. Pisan coastline. 2. An urban area with a high volume of traffic. 3. A rural area away from emission sources. 4. Monte Serra (Alt. 900 m). 5. The monitoring station within a small urban park. The aim of this study was to identify relationships between ozone concentrations and the different geophysical factors related to the designated areas, such as traffic volume, height above sea level, and the meteorological aspects of the Pisan coastline. JF - Journal of environmental pathology, toxicology and oncology : official organ of the International Society for Environmental Toxicology and Cancer AU - Ciacchini, G AU - Vincentini, M AU - Nottoli, R AU - Giaconi, V AD - Regional Environmental Protection Agency of Tuscany, Department of Pisa, Italy. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 111 EP - 117 VL - 16 IS - 2-3 SN - 0731-8898, 0731-8898 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Weather KW - Rural Health KW - Urban Health KW - Italy KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79243797?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+environmental+pathology%2C+toxicology+and+oncology+%3A+official+organ+of+the+International+Society+for+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Cancer&rft.atitle=Ozone+measurements+in+the+urban+and+extra-urban+areas+of+Pisa+during+the+summer+of+1995.&rft.au=Ciacchini%2C+G%3BVincentini%2C+M%3BNottoli%2C+R%3BGiaconi%2C+V&rft.aulast=Ciacchini&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+environmental+pathology%2C+toxicology+and+oncology+%3A+official+organ+of+the+International+Society+for+Environmental+Toxicology+and+Cancer&rft.issn=07318898&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dimethylarsinic acid treatment alters six different rat biochemical parameters: relevance to arsenic carcinogenesis. AN - 79214804; 9261921 AB - In a previous study, we found that sodium arsenite increased hepatic ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and hepatic heme oxygenase (HO) activity, but did not cause any DNA damage in adult female rat liver or lung, suggesting that arsenite may be a promoter of carcinogenesis. In this study sodium arsenate, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) were administered orally in equitoxic doses to adult female rats at 21 and 4 h prior to sacrifice. DNA damage (DD), cytochrome P450 content (P450), glutathione content (GSH), ODC, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and HO were measured in liver and/or lung tissue. At 60 mg/kg in rat liver, sodium arsenate increased hepatic HO fivefold. MMA decreased ALT at 226 mg/kg, decreased ALT and GSH at 679 mg/kg and also increased P450 at 679 mg/kg in rat liver. DMA decreased ALT and hepatic GSH and increased hepatic HO at 387 mg/kg. In the lung, DMA decreased ODC at both 129 and 387 mg/kg. DD in lung tissue was significantly higher at 387 mg/kg DMA, demonstrating organ specific DNA damage. The biochemical effects and the inferred oncologic potential of the four major forms of arsenic (arsenate, arsenite, MMA and DMA) differ dramatically. The inorganic forms (arsenate and arsenite) are similar to each other (both good HO inducers); the methylated organic forms of arsenic (MMA and DMA) also share a similar pattern of biochemical effects (decreased GSH and ALT, increased P450). All six of the biochemical parameters studied were altered by DMA in either rat liver or lung. JF - Teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis AU - Brown, J L AU - Kitchin, K T AU - George, M AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 71 EP - 84 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0270-3211, 0270-3211 KW - Arsenates KW - 0 KW - Arsenicals KW - Biomarkers, Tumor KW - Herbicides KW - sodium arsenate KW - 7631-89-2 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Cacodylic Acid KW - AJ2HL7EU8K KW - Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) KW - EC 1.14.14.18 KW - Glutathione Transferase KW - EC 2.5.1.18 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase KW - EC 4.1.1.17 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - monomethylarsonic acid KW - J37VJ5709S KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Alanine Transaminase -- metabolism KW - Glutathione Transferase -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase -- metabolism KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Arsenic Poisoning KW - Glutathione -- analysis KW - Arsenates -- toxicity KW - Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- enzymology KW - Herbicides -- toxicity KW - Cacodylic Acid -- toxicity KW - DNA Damage -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79214804?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratogenesis%2C+carcinogenesis%2C+and+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Dimethylarsinic+acid+treatment+alters+six+different+rat+biochemical+parameters%3A+relevance+to+arsenic+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Brown%2C+J+L%3BKitchin%2C+K+T%3BGeorge%2C+M&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratogenesis%2C+carcinogenesis%2C+and+mutagenesis&rft.issn=02703211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-09-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-09-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of commonly used cooking practices on total mercury concentration in fish and their impact on exposure assessments. AN - 78890074; 9076613 AB - The effects of cooking practices commonly used by Native Americans on total mercury concentrations in fish were investigated. A preparation factor relating mercury concentrations in fish as prepared for consumption to mercury concentration data as measured in typical environmental monitoring programs was calculated. Preparation factors are needed to provide risk assessors with a more accurate estimate of the actual amount of mercury ingested through consumption of contaminated fish. Data on fish preparation and consumption practices of two communities of Chippewa residing on the shores of Lake Superior in northern Wisconsin were used to select practices for study. The most commonly consumed species, walleye and lake trout, were selected. Whitefish livers were also selected for study. Commonly used cooking techniques including panfrying, deep-frying, baking, boiling, and smoking were duplicated in the laboratory. Total mercury concentrations were determined in fish portions before and after cooking and in a portion representative of that analyzed in programs to assess water quality (skin-on fillets). Total mercury was determined by microwave digestion-cold vapor atomic absorption spectroscopy. Mercury concentrations (wet weight basis) in panfried, baked, and boiled walleye fillets and deep-fried and baked whitefish livers ranged from 1.1 to 1.5 times higher than in corresponding raw portions. In lake trout, mercury concentrations were 1.5 to 2.0 times higher in cooked portions than in the raw portion. However, total mercury levels were constant before and after cooking, indicating the concentration effect is caused by weight (moisture and fat) loss. The addition of lemon juice to potentially release mercury from its bound state and promote volatilization did not exert any measurable influence on mercury concentrations in cooked walleye. In some cases mercury concentrations were increased with increased cooking times due to further loss of moisture and fat. Preparation factors (defined as the ratio of mercury concentration in cooked fish to the mercury concentration in the environmental portion) ranged from 1.3 to 2.0. Results suggest that consideration be given to the use of preparation factors in risk assessments, exposure assessments, or issuance of fish advisories where mercury concentration in raw fish tissue are used in conjunction with cooked fish meal sizes. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Morgan, J N AU - Berry, M R AU - Graves, R L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. MORGAN.JEFFREY@EPAMAIL.EPA.GOV PY - 1997 SP - 119 EP - 133 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Mercury Poisoning -- prevention & control KW - Animals KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Humans KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Wisconsin KW - Risk Assessment KW - Feeding Behavior -- ethnology KW - Indians, North American KW - Fishes KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Cooking UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78890074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+commonly+used+cooking+practices+on+total+mercury+concentration+in+fish+and+their+impact+on+exposure+assessments.&rft.au=Morgan%2C+J+N%3BBerry%2C+M+R%3BGraves%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Morgan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-27 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary exposure from pesticide application on farms in the Agricultural Health Pilot Study. AN - 78883023; 9076610 AB - As part of total human exposure measurements performed on six farms in Iowa and North Carolina during the Agricultural Health Pilot Study, a household duplicate diet, several locally grown foods, an applicator meal, a child duplicate diet, and drinking water samples were collected. The pilot study was designed to test refined and newly developed protocols and analytical methods for collection and analyses of dietary samples to evaluate dietary exposure to farmers and their families in the household associated with current and former applications of pesticides. The household duplicate diet protocol was generally effective as a first step in measuring potential exposures of household members. The analytical methods used were capable of measuring 29 of the 33 targeted Agricultural Health Pilot Study pesticides in dietary samples. Collections were made during a pesticide nonapplication and application monitoring period. Pesticides in the foods and beverages of the participants were quantified at sub-ppb to 30-ppb levels in both the Iowa and North Carolina farms. Increased levels (20 ppb) of the pesticide being applied during the monitoring period were found in the applicator's meal. Dieldrin was persistent in the foods consumed on one Iowa farm. No pesticides were found in drinking water samples. The results show potential dietary exposures exceeding expected values exist to the farmers and their families for several of the pesticides in this study, particularly to those being applied and to the persistent pesticides in the environment. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Melnyk, L J AU - Berry, M R AU - Sheldon, L S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. melnyk.lisa@epamail.epa.gov PY - 1997 SP - 61 EP - 80 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Diet Records KW - Reference Values KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Pilot Projects KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - Iowa KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Adult KW - North Carolina KW - Family Health KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Agriculture KW - Occupational Health KW - Pesticide Residues -- isolation & purification KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78883023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Dietary+exposure+from+pesticide+application+on+farms+in+the+Agricultural+Health+Pilot+Study.&rft.au=Melnyk%2C+L+J%3BBerry%2C+M+R%3BSheldon%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Melnyk&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-27 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Advances in dietary exposure research at the United States Environmental Protection Agency-National Exposure Research Laboratory. AN - 78882985; 9076607 AB - The United States Environmental Protection Agency-National Exposure Research Laboratory's (USEPA-NERL) dietary exposure research program investigates the role of diet, including drinking water, as a potential pathway of human exposure to environmental contaminants. A primary program goal is to establish measurement methods for ingestion that are consistent with approaches used by the USEPA to measure inhalation and dermal exposures, and, hence, total exposure. Research has focused on developing and field-testing measurement methods for personal dietary monitoring, known as duplicate-diet methodology, and on the methods to support analyses of environmental contaminants in foods and beverages. Guidance for measuring personal dietary exposure has been developed for the researcher performing measurements in which there is an established or potential route of exposure to environmental contaminants from foods consumed. Useful information for other types of dietary exposure assessment can be found in existing food consumption and food residue databases. Several of the major food databases have been integrated into an exposure model that provides estimates of potential dietary exposure and identifies potentially highly exposed people for guidance in exposure monitoring. Another component of this research program explores priority, diet-related issues to identify and reduce exposures from foods and beverages. The methods of preparing mercury-contaminated fish by Native Americans and children exposed to lead-laden environments are currently under investigation. Other research is designed to improve our understanding of the process of excess food contamination and the reduction of dietary exposure. Additional research needs are summarized. An overview of the USEPA-NERL dietary exposure program is presented and research discussed in this paper is described in the following papers in this issue. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Berry, M R AD - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. berry.maurice@epamail.epa.gov PY - 1997 SP - 3 EP - 16 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Diet Records KW - Epidemiologic Methods KW - Humans KW - Feeding Behavior KW - Population Surveillance -- methods KW - Risk Assessment KW - Food Analysis -- methods KW - Food Analysis -- standards KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Databases, Factual KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Hazardous Substances -- administration & dosage KW - Food Contamination -- prevention & control KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- standards KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Diet Surveys KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78882985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Advances+in+dietary+exposure+research+at+the+United+States+Environmental+Protection+Agency-National+Exposure+Research+Laboratory.&rft.au=Berry%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-27 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The need for policy and risk analysis--the Department of Energy experience. AN - 78871701; 9061848 AB - Reduction of major risks to the public and workers is a top priority of all federal agencies. Given current and future budget realities, agencies cannot attempt to address all risks simultaneously nor to address certain relatively lower risk activities as rapidly as some would like. The assumptions and judgments inherent in using risk analysis in the absence of data, however, have to be clearly stated. What is needed is an integrated risk assessment and management process that meets the current and future needs of the government, as well as of stakeholders. Yet there have been many questions raised regarding risk assessment: our ability to define the risks on a specific substance or site basis and in a systematic way; methodology questions about identifying and assessing diverse hazards and risks as well as uncertainties in the estimates, data gaps, and concern over the quality of information; and the fact that "who" performs the risk assessment matters. Knowing these controversies surrounding risk and the use of risk-based approach, the Department of Energy (DOE) requested the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council to determine whether and how risk and risk-based decisions could be incorporated into a major federal program, the DOE's Office of Environmental Management. The report identified the major obstacles, issues, and barriers to implementing a risk-based management approach. The report concluded that the use of risk-based approach could help compare outcomes, build consensus, and gain early public involvement to include cultural, socioeconomic, historical, and religious values, if its purposes and limitations are well defined. A status of the DOE's ability to implement the recommendations presented in the report on the use of risk assessment in a major federal program and the adoption of principles for using risk analysis will be given. JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Henry, C J AU - Moses, M S AU - Henderson, R AD - Office of Science and Technology, U.S. Department of Energy, Washington, D.C. 20585, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 27 EP - 31 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Government Agencies KW - National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis KW - Risk Assessment KW - Nuclear Energy KW - Risk Management -- methods KW - Toxicology -- trends UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78871701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.atitle=The+need+for+policy+and+risk+analysis--the+Department+of+Energy+experience.&rft.au=Henry%2C+C+J%3BMoses%2C+M+S%3BHenderson%2C+R&rft.aulast=Henry&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-13 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leydig cell hyperplasia and adenoma formation: mechanisms and relevance to humans. AN - 78857344; 9138629 AB - Leydig cell adenomas are observed frequently in studies evaluating the chronic toxicity of chemical agents in laboratory animals. Doubts have been raised about the relevance of such responses for human risk assessment, but the question of relevance has not been evaluated and presented in a comprehensive manner by a broad group of experts. This article reports the consensus conclusions from a workshop on rodent Leydig cell adenomas and human relevance. Five aspects of Leydig cell biology and toxicology were discussed: 1) control of Leydig cell proliferation; 2) mechanisms of toxicant-induced Leydig cell hyperplasia and tumorigenesis; 3) pathology of Leydig cell adenomas; 4) epidemiology of Leydig cell adenomas; and 5) risk assessment for Leydig cell tumorigens. Important research needs also were identified. Uncertainty exists about the true incidence of Leydig cell adenomas in men, although apparent incidence is rare and restricted primarily to white males. Also, surveillance databases for specific therapeutic agents as well as nicotine and lactose that have induced Leydig cell hyperplasia or adenoma in test species have detected no increased incidence in humans. Because uncertainties exist about the true incidence in humans, induction of Leydig cell adenomas in test species may be of concern under some conditions. Occurrence of Leydig cell hyperplasia alone in test species after lifetime exposure to a chemical does not constitute a cause for concern in a risk assessment for carcinogenic potential, but early occurrence may indicate a need for additional testing. Occurrence of Leydig cell adenomas in test species is of potential concern as both a carcinogenic and reproductive effect if the mode of induction and potential exposures cannot be ruled out as relevant for humans. The workgroup focused on seven hormonal modes of induction of which two, GnRH agonism and dopamine agonism, were considered not relevant to humans. Androgen receptor antagonism, 5 alpha-reductase inhibition, testosterone biosynthesis inhibition, aromatase inhibition, and estrogen agonism were considered to be relevant or potentially relevant, but quantitative differences may exist across species, with rodents being more sensitive. A margin of exposure (MOE; the ratio of the lowest exposure associated with toxicity to the human exposure level) approach should be used for compounds causing Leydig cell adenoma by a hormonal mode that is relevant to humans. For agents that are positive for mutagenicity, the decision regarding a MOE or linear extrapolation approach should be made on a case-by-case basis. In the absence of information about mode of induction, it is necessary to utilize default assumptions, including linear behavior below the observable range. All of the evidence should be weighed in the decision-making process. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Clegg, E D AU - Cook, J C AU - Chapin, R E AU - Foster, P M AU - Daston, G P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 107 EP - 121 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Hyperplasia KW - Humans KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Male KW - Leydig Cells -- pathology KW - Testicular Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Testicular Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Adenoma -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78857344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Leydig+cell+hyperplasia+and+adenoma+formation%3A+mechanisms+and+relevance+to+humans.&rft.au=Clegg%2C+E+D%3BCook%2C+J+C%3BChapin%2C+R+E%3BFoster%2C+P+M%3BDaston%2C+G+P&rft.aulast=Clegg&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Histopathologic changes in the testes of rats exposed to dibromoacetic acid. AN - 78851042; 9138633 AB - The present report details histopathologic changes in the testis and epididymis of rats gavaged daily for 2 to 79 d with a by-product of water disinfection, dibromoacetic acid (DBAA). On treatment day 2 abnormal retention of Step 19 spermatids was observed in animals given the highest dosage of 250 mg/kg. Additional changes on day 5 included the fusion of mature spermatids and the presence of atypical residual bodies (ARB) in the epithelium and lumen of Stage X-XII seminiferous tubules. By day 9, ARB were seen in most stages of the seminiferous epithelial cycle and in the caput epididymidis. On day 16 distorted sperm heads were recognized in Step 12, and older spermatids, and luminal cytoplasmic debris was found throughout the epididymis. On day 31, there was vacuolation of the Sertoli cell cytoplasm, extensive retention of Step 19 spermatids near the lumen of Stage IX and X tubules, and vesiculation of the acrosomes of late spermatids. Marked atrophy of the seminiferous tubules was present 6 months after 42 doses of 250 mg/kg. ARB and retention of Step 19 spermatids were observed after 31 and 79 doses of 50 mg/kg and increased retention of Step 19 spermatids was seen in several rats dosed with 10 mg/kg. No abnormalities were detected at the dosage of 2 mg/kg. The changes suggest that the testicular effects of DBAA are sequelae to structural and/or functional changes in the Sertoli cell. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Linder, R E AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Strader, L F AU - Veeramachaneni, D N AU - Roberts, N L AU - Suarez, J D AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 47 EP - 56 VL - 11 IS - 1 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - dibromoacetic acid KW - 631-64-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Random Allocation KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Male KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Acetates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78851042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Histopathologic+changes+in+the+testes+of+rats+exposed+to+dibromoacetic+acid.&rft.au=Linder%2C+R+E%3BKlinefelter%2C+G+R%3BStrader%2C+L+F%3BVeeramachaneni%2C+D+N%3BRoberts%2C+N+L%3BSuarez%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulmonary functions of school children in highly polluted northern Bohemia. AN - 78840707; 9039859 AB - The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether pulmonary function in children who were lifetime residents of the highly polluted district of Teplice in northern Bohemia was lower than that for children who were lifetime residents of the cleaner district of Prachatice in southern Bohemia. Forced expiratory spirometry was measured twice (February/March and April) in approximately 235 eighth-grade students in each district. On both testing occasions, height-adjusted forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% forced vital capacity were significantly lower (p < .001) in children from Teplice than in those from Prachatice. These differences were not associated with parental smoking habits, presence of pets, heating/cooking fuels, private home/apartment residency, or rural/urban residency. In Teplice, no differences were observed between lung functions measured at the end of the high pollution season (February/March) and those measured after the children breathed much cleaner air for a 4-wk period (April). This result was suggestive of a condition of chronically depressed lung function. No differences across times were observed in Prachatice, indicating that our measurements were reliable. JF - Archives of environmental health AU - Horstman, D AU - Kotesovec, F AU - Vitnerova, N AU - Leixner, M AU - Nozicka, J AU - Smitkova, D AU - Sram, R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Human Studies Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 56 EP - 62 VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0003-9896, 0003-9896 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Czech Republic KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78840707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+functions+of+school+children+in+highly+polluted+northern+Bohemia.&rft.au=Horstman%2C+D%3BKotesovec%2C+F%3BVitnerova%2C+N%3BLeixner%2C+M%3BNozicka%2C+J%3BSmitkova%2C+D%3BSram%2C+R&rft.aulast=Horstman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.issn=00039896&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-14 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The central nervous system and exposure to toluene: a risk characterization. AN - 78785229; 9012367 AB - The principal health outcome of exposure to toluene is dysfunction of the central nervous system. Effects range from fatalities and severe neurological disorders in toluene abuse situations to deficits in neurobehavioral function in occupational populations. An Inhalation Reference Concentration (RfC) of 0.4 mg toluene/m3 or 0.1 ppm was developed by the U.S. EPA to protect general populations chronically exposed to toluene. The RfC was derived from results of an occupational study involving Asian workers who developed neurobehavioral deficits at a mean toluene exposure level at the time of the study of 88 ppm. The derivation incorporated several uncertainty factors, one of which was a factor of 10 to account for sensitive subpopulations. Recent evidence indicates that some Japanese and possibly other Asian populations harbor a defective gene for aldehyde dehydrogenase, and thus exhibit a decreased rate of toluene metabolism. Although it is not known if reduced metabolism by aldehyde dehydrogenase also was a factor in the occupational study, preshift blood levels of toluene were considerably higher than preshift levels from non-Asian workers exposed to similar air levels of toluene. The elevated blood levels are consistent with defective metabolism but remain to be confirmed. Inasmuch as air levels of toluene in urban environments are about 10-fold lower than the RfC, an adequate measure of protection is afforded by the RfC with or without an uncertainty factor for sensitive subgroups. However, the uncertainty factor for sensitive subgroups should be retained because there is no information regarding toluene metabolism in children. JF - Environmental research AU - Greenberg, M M AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - January 1997 SP - 1 EP - 7 VL - 72 IS - 1 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Toluene KW - 3FPU23BG52 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Humans KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Asian Americans KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Risk Assessment KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Central Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Toluene -- metabolism KW - Toluene -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78785229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+research&rft.atitle=The+central+nervous+system+and+exposure+to+toluene%3A+a+risk+characterization.&rft.au=Greenberg%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Greenberg&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=72&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidification trends in surface waters in the international program on acidification of rivers and lakes AN - 755135747; 13634984 AB - We applied trend analyses to data from the International Cooperative Programme for Acidification of Rivers and Lakes in an attempt to discover regional patterns of long-term changes in surface water chemistry both in Europe and North America, and to relate these changes to trends in deposition. Decreases in surface water SO sub(4) super(2-) concentrations predominated at European sites in the Federal Republic of Germany, The Netherlands, and in Norway, and at the North American sites in Ontario, Canada, the Adirondacks and Catskill Mountains of New York, U.S.A. Other predominating trends in the European sites were decreasing Ca super(2+) concentrations at many of the sites in The Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. Increases in NO sub(3) super(-) were observed at several sites in southern Norway, and in the Adirondack and Catskill regions of eastern New York. This, combined with an increased occurrence of declining base cation concentrations may well be responsible for the lack of documented surface water recovery from acidification. Despite region-wide trends in several variables of importance in acidification, no correlations between surface water trends and changes in deposition were found using these data. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Newell, Avis D AU - Skjelkvaale, Brit Lisa AD - ManTech Environmental Technology, Inc. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 200 SW 35th Street, 97333, Corvallis, Oregon, USA Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - January 1997 SP - 27 EP - 57 PB - Springer-Verlag, Tiergartenstrasse 17 Heidelberg 69121 Germany VL - 93 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Environment Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts KW - Surface Water KW - Freshwater KW - Sulphates KW - Mountains KW - Lakes KW - Rivers KW - Atmospheric pollution KW - Bases KW - Soil contamination KW - Cations KW - Sweden KW - Canada, Ontario KW - USA, New York, Catskill Mts. KW - Surface water KW - Correlations KW - Acid Rain KW - Acidification KW - Netherlands KW - cooperatives KW - Trend analysis KW - Surface chemistry KW - Water pollution KW - USA, New York KW - Soil pollution KW - Air pollution KW - Long-term changes KW - Deposition KW - Water wells KW - Germany KW - Norway KW - Water chemistry KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q2 09283:Soil mechanics KW - M2 556:General (556) KW - Q1 08563:Fishing gear and methods KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality KW - ENA 01:Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755135747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acidification+trends+in+surface+waters+in+the+international+program+on+acidification+of+rivers+and+lakes&rft.au=Newell%2C+Avis+D%3BSkjelkvaale%2C+Brit+Lisa&rft.aulast=Newell&rft.aufirst=Avis&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/10.1007%2FBF02404746 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-04-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Air pollution; Lakes; Surface water; Long-term changes; Acidification; Sulphates; Water pollution; Surface chemistry; Soil pollution; Atmospheric pollution; Correlations; Water chemistry; Trend analysis; Mountains; Cations; Water wells; Soil contamination; cooperatives; Acid Rain; Bases; Deposition; Surface Water; Canada, Ontario; USA, New York, Catskill Mts.; Norway; Netherlands; Germany; USA, New York; Sweden; Freshwater DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02404746 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trace metal in Scottish estuarine and coastal sediments AN - 52705807; 1997-054572 JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Balls, P W AU - Hull, S AU - Miller, B S AU - Pirie, J M AU - Proctor, W Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - January 1997 SP - 42 EP - 50 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Western Europe KW - offshore KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - United Kingdom KW - Great Britain KW - Scotland KW - Firth of Clyde KW - estuaries KW - marine sediments KW - Firth of Forth KW - sediments KW - coastal environment KW - trace metals KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52705807?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Trace+metal+in+Scottish+estuarine+and+coastal+sediments&rft.au=Balls%2C+P+W%3BHull%2C+S%3BMiller%2C+B+S%3BPirie%2C+J+M%3BProctor%2C+W&rft.aulast=Balls&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0025326X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MPNBAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; coastal environment; estuaries; Europe; Firth of Clyde; Firth of Forth; Great Britain; marine sediments; North Atlantic; offshore; pollution; Scotland; sediments; trace metals; United Kingdom; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Land degradation and its control strategies in China AN - 52671366; 1997-076961 JF - Zhonggou Huanjing Kexue = China Environmental Science AU - Yang, Chaofei Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 108 EP - 112 PB - China Environmental Science Press, Beijing VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 1000-6923, 1000-6923 KW - Far East KW - degradation KW - geologic hazards KW - erosion KW - wind erosion KW - water erosion KW - desertification KW - preventive measures KW - controls KW - Asia KW - land use KW - China KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52671366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zhonggou+Huanjing+Kexue+%3D+China+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Land+degradation+and+its+control+strategies+in+China&rft.au=Yang%2C+Chaofei&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Chaofei&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Zhonggou+Huanjing+Kexue+%3D+China+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=10006923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; China; controls; degradation; desertification; erosion; Far East; geologic hazards; land use; preventive measures; water erosion; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. EPA's risk-based soil screening guidance; technical issues and concepts AN - 52629325; 1998-029465 JF - Proceedings of the National Outdoor Action Conference on Aquifer Restoration, Ground Water Monitoring and Geophysical Methods AU - Kargbo, David M AU - Scott, Stephen J A2 - Talkington, Raymond A2 - Niebanck, Markus Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 373 EP - 383 PB - National Water Well Association, Dublin, OH VL - 11 KW - sorption KW - soil screening levels KW - government agencies KW - remediation KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - volatilization KW - sediments KW - pH KW - soils KW - concentration KW - clastic sediments KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - standardization KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - saturation KW - dilution KW - dust KW - theoretical models KW - risk assessment KW - air KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52629325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.atitle=U.S.+EPA%27s+risk-based+soil+screening+guidance%3B+technical+issues+and+concepts&rft.au=Kargbo%2C+David+M%3BScott%2C+Stephen+J&rft.aulast=Kargbo&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh national outdoor action conference and exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02794 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air; clastic sediments; concentration; dilution; dust; government agencies; ground water; human ecology; leaching; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; pH; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; saturation; sediments; soil screening levels; soils; sorption; standardization; Superfund; theoretical models; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstrating remediation by natural attenuation using numerical ground water models and annual ground water sampling AN - 52613506; 1998-029476 JF - Proceedings of the National Outdoor Action Conference on Aquifer Restoration, Ground Water Monitoring and Geophysical Methods AU - Vessely, Mark AU - Moutoux, David E AU - Kampbell, Donald AU - Hansen, Jerry E A2 - Talkington, Raymond A2 - Niebanck, Markus Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 493 EP - 504 PB - National Water Well Association, Dublin, OH VL - 11 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - Hampden County Massachusetts KW - toluene KW - underground storage tanks KW - observation wells KW - Connecticut River KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - transport KW - Massachusetts KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - soils KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - rates KW - cost KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - ethylbenzene KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - risk assessment KW - trichloroethylene KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - Westover Air Reserve Base KW - accuracy KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52613506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.atitle=Demonstrating+remediation+by+natural+attenuation+using+numerical+ground+water+models+and+annual+ground+water+sampling&rft.au=Vessely%2C+Mark%3BMoutoux%2C+David+E%3BKampbell%2C+Donald%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E&rft.aulast=Vessely&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh national outdoor action conference and exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sects. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02794 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; Connecticut River; contaminant plumes; cost; degradation; ethylbenzene; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hampden County Massachusetts; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; Massachusetts; monitoring; numerical models; observation wells; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; prediction; rates; remediation; risk assessment; soils; toluene; transport; trichloroethylene; underground storage tanks; United States; Westover Air Reserve Base; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aqueous geochemistry of contaminated groundwater in a glaciated terrain AN - 52591784; 1998-043179 AB - The studied area is a solid waste landfill site from 1958 to 1984, located at Montville, Medina County, Ohio, and is bounded by an interstate and a state highway. The landfill accepted municipal refuse, and liquid and hazardous wastes from industrial generators, which was placed directly above the bedrock of Pennsylvanian and Mississippian age and within the Pleistocene glacial tills.Groundwater is high in total dissolved solids (TDS) varying from 440 to 2,100 parts per million (ppm) and high in sulfate varying from 26 to 880 ppm in monitoring wells. This appears unrelated to leachates because residential drinking wells further away from the site have similar characteristics. High Na concentrations could come from salt used for ice and snow control because Cl is also high for corresponding samples.By comparing upgradient and downgradient wells, it appears that VOC and semiVOC contamination, other than lowering BOD and COD, did not impact significantly on the inorganic chemistry of the groundwater with large amounts of TDS. The pH variations of these wells are minimal.There is no significant difference between upgradient and downgradient wells in trace elements determined. However, Ca, Mg, and trivalent cation Al, and Sc are more variable at the Montville site as compared to a site located entirely within Pennsylvanian rocks. This could be related to the more complicated groundwater flow paths at Montville with a highly conductive Pennsylvanian sandstone bedrock, and the less conductive, discontinuous overlain glacial tills. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Antonelli, Lawrence J AU - Chyi, L Lynn AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 135 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - Pennsylvanian KW - landfills KW - sandstone KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - Medina County Ohio KW - sedimentary rocks KW - aluminum KW - glacial environment KW - sediments KW - rare earths KW - solid waste KW - geochemistry KW - Ohio KW - bedrock KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - Paleozoic KW - Carboniferous KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - till KW - hydrochemistry KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Montville Ohio KW - metals KW - volatile organic compounds KW - scandium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - clastic rocks KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52591784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Aqueous+geochemistry+of+contaminated+groundwater+in+a+glaciated+terrain&rft.au=Antonelli%2C+Lawrence+J%3BChyi%2C+L+Lynn%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Antonelli&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aluminum; bedrock; calcium; Carboniferous; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; drinking water; geochemistry; glacial environment; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; landfills; magnesium; Medina County Ohio; metals; Montville Ohio; Ohio; organic compounds; Paleozoic; Pennsylvanian; pollutants; pollution; rare earths; sandstone; scandium; sedimentary rocks; sediments; solid waste; solutes; sulfate ion; till; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste disposal; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stabilization of aridland soils; the role of biological soil crusts AN - 52586276; 1998-043618 AB - Cyanobacterial-lichen soil crusts occur in semi-arid and arid regions around the world. These crusts generally play a critical role in stabilizing sediments. Using a portable wind tunnel, wind erosion susceptibility was measured in undisturbed and differentially disturbed crusts in both warm and cold deserts in the western US. It was found that while undisturbed crusts are almost never impacted by typical winds found in these regions, disturbance left soils vulnerable to wind erosion for up to 10 years. Examination of crustal microstructure showed that both biomass and photosynthetic activity was concentrated in the top 3 mm of the soil surface. Sandblasting by soils from nearby disturbed areas can quickly remove this amount of material from the soil surface, thereby potentially removing much of the cyanobacterial biomass concentrated there. As these crusts contribute substantial nitrogen and carbon to desert regions, erosion of these surfaces can result in greatly reduced site productivity and fertility. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Belnap, Jayne AU - Pichel-Garcia, Ferran AU - Gillette, Dale AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 140 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - soils KW - cyanobacteria KW - weathering crust KW - stabilization KW - photosynthesis KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - terrestrial environment KW - erosion KW - biomass KW - arid environment KW - semi-arid environment KW - photochemistry KW - wind erosion KW - nitrogen KW - sedimentary rocks KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - soil erosion KW - productivity KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52586276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Stabilization+of+aridland+soils%3B+the+role+of+biological+soil+crusts&rft.au=Belnap%2C+Jayne%3BPichel-Garcia%2C+Ferran%3BGillette%2C+Dale%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Belnap&rft.aufirst=Jayne&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; biomass; carbon; chemically precipitated rocks; cyanobacteria; erosion; nitrogen; photochemistry; photosynthesis; productivity; sedimentary rocks; sediments; semi-arid environment; soil erosion; soils; stabilization; terrestrial environment; weathering crust; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solute-transport parameter estimation for karst conduits using a two-region nonequilibrium model AN - 52577095; 1998-051539 AB - Karst aquifers represent the most heterogeneous and anisotropic aquifer systems. Solute transport through karst aquifers occurs primarily via conduits and is conditioned on the set of hydraulic and geometric parameters that describe various transport processes within conduits. These parameters include residence time, advection, dispersion, sorption, volume, cross-sectional area, and surface area and may be estimated through comprehensive analysis of breakthrough curves.Solute-transport modeling in karst aquifers using a two-region nonequilibrium model that accounts for partitioning of solute into mobile- and immobile-fluid regions in conduits was used to refine initial parameter estimates for five example data sets. Initial parameter estimates were obtained from analysis of the breakthrough curves. Solute partitioning into mobile- and immobile-fluid regions causes an increase in flow velocity and a decrease in longitudinal dispersion estimates. The computer program, CXTFIT2.0, implements the nonequilibrium model and was effectively used to fit model curves to the example breakthrough curves. Although originally designed to evaluate solute transport through aggregated soils, CXTFIT2.0 was found to be appropriate for modeling solute transport through conduits. Assumptions include flow through a Type I karst network, 100% volumetric water content for flooded conduits, and that only immobile fluid contacts available sorption sites. Model simulations for the five example breakthrough curves suggest that improved estimates for flow velocity and longitudinal dispersion may be obtained, and consequently, reliable estimates describing mobile-fluid velocity, dispersion, and volumetric water content for the mobile-fluid region maybe achieved if the overlying assumptions are not greatly violated. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Field, Malcolm S AU - Davies, Gareth J AU - Pinsky, Paul F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 184 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - karst hydrology KW - data processing KW - CXTFIT2.0 KW - karst KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - partitioning KW - velocity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52577095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Solute-transport+parameter+estimation+for+karst+conduits+using+a+two-region+nonequilibrium+model&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S%3BDavies%2C+Gareth+J%3BPinsky%2C+Paul+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; computer programs; CXTFIT2.0; data processing; geometry; ground water; karst; karst hydrology; models; partitioning; soils; solute transport; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frequency and determination of external lesions in Dover sole (Microstomus pacificus) and English sole (Pleuronects vetulus) in Monterey Bay, CA AN - 52573921; 1998-054496 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Johnson, Korie Ann AU - Cailliet, Gregor M AU - Stephenson, Mark AU - Gardner, George Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 104 EP - 113 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - Pleuronects KW - Northeast Pacific KW - bioavailability KW - environmental analysis KW - Pisces KW - California KW - toxicity KW - Fort Ord California KW - Monterey Bay KW - USGS KW - baseline studies KW - East Pacific KW - Pleuronects vetulus KW - Microstomus pacificus KW - Chordata KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - biota KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Vertebrata KW - military facilities KW - Microstomus KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52573921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Frequency+and+determination+of+external+lesions+in+Dover+sole+%28Microstomus+pacificus%29+and+English+sole+%28Pleuronects+vetulus%29+in+Monterey+Bay%2C+CA&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Korie+Ann%3BCailliet%2C+Gregor+M%3BStephenson%2C+Mark%3BGardner%2C+George&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Korie&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - baseline studies; bioassays; bioavailability; biota; California; Chordata; East Pacific; environmental analysis; Fort Ord California; Microstomus; Microstomus pacificus; military facilities; Monterey Bay; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Pacific Ocean; Pisces; Pleuronects; Pleuronects vetulus; pollutants; pollution; toxicity; United States; USGS; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field demonstration of reactive chemical barriers to control radionuclide and trace-element contamination in ground water, Fry Canyon, Utah AN - 52571057; 1998-057456 AB - The Fry Canyon site in southeastern Utah has been selected as a long-term field demonstration site to assess the performance of selected reactive chemical barriers (RCBs) for the removal of uranium (U) and other trace elements from ground water. A RCB is a subsurface zone of reactive material that allows ground water to flow through it while immobilizing or destroying contamination. Project partners at the Fry Canyon site include the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Department of Energy (DOE), Utah Department of Environmental Quality (UDEQ), and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Objectives of the project include: (1) hydrologic and geochemical characterization of the site prior to emplacement of barriers; (2) design, installation, and operation of selected reaction-barrier technologies; and (3) evaluation of barrier(s) performance and commercialization potential. Objective (1) has been completed. The conceptualization of how ground water moves through the aquifer at the site was demonstrated with a one-layer flow model of the system. Ground water moves at a rate of about 1.5 feet per day nearly parallel to the streamflow direction. Recharge from precipitation and stream-channel underflow moves through the colluvial sediments overlying the Cedar Mesa Sandstone and discharges into Fry Creek. The U concentrations in the shallow colluvial aquifer range from 60 micrograms per liter (ug/L) at a background well to 16,300 ug/L beneath the tailings. Installation of three RCBs to demonstrate removal of U is planned for July 1997 using funnel and gate construction techniques. Reactive materials to be evaluated include zero valent iron, amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide, and phosphate. Each reactive barrier will contain 22 monitoring points, a water-quality minimonitor, four pressure transducers, and an in-situ flow sensor. Hydrologic and geochemical data collected during the initial demonstration period will be presented. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Naftz, D L AU - Freethey, G W AU - Feltcorn, E AU - Wilhelm, R AU - Morris, S J AU - Davis, J A AU - Fuller, C C AU - Joye, J AU - Breeden, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 335 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - mining KW - technology KW - isotopes KW - characterization KW - Fry Canyon KW - ground water KW - southeastern Utah KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mining geology KW - movement KW - sediments KW - trace elements KW - geochemistry KW - disposal barriers KW - colluvium KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - metals KW - Utah KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - actinides KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52571057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Field+demonstration+of+reactive+chemical+barriers+to+control+radionuclide+and+trace-element+contamination+in+ground+water%2C+Fry+Canyon%2C+Utah&rft.au=Naftz%2C+D+L%3BFreethey%2C+G+W%3BFeltcorn%2C+E%3BWilhelm%2C+R%3BMorris%2C+S+J%3BDavis%2C+J+A%3BFuller%2C+C+C%3BJoye%2C+J%3BBreeden%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Naftz&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; characterization; clastic sediments; colluvium; design; disposal barriers; Fry Canyon; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotopes; metals; mining; mining geology; models; movement; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sediments; southeastern Utah; technology; trace elements; United States; uranium; Utah; waste disposal; water quality; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of photoreactions in controlling rates of biodegradation of estuarine dissolved organic matter AN - 52568873; 1998-057411 AB - Synergism between photochemical and biological processes can regulate the rate of biodegradation of refractory components of DOM in estuarine and coastal environments. One mechanism for this synergism is photodegradation of DOM into smaller, more biologically labile compounds that are readily incorporated into the microbial loop. A second is the photochemical formation of labile nitrogen species from DON which can further stimulate biodegradation of high C:N ratio organic matter in N-limited coastal systems. The interaction between biological and photochemical degradation is a continuing process, such that short, intermittent exposures to sunlight can repeatedly stimulate biodegradation of DOM. Furthermore, the susceptibility of DOM to photochemical "conditioning" does not appear to be limited to the highly-colored (humic substances) component, since smaller, less aromatic compounds (e.g., hydrophilic acids) are equally or more susceptible to photolysis into biologically labile forms. More complete information on the interaction between biological and photochemical processes in the biodegradation of DOM may be important for understanding the fate of terrestrial DOM in the ocean, a poorly known aspect of the oceanic carbon cycle. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Moran, Mary Ann AU - Miller, William L AU - Bushaw, Karen L AU - Zepp, Richard G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 18 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - thallophytes KW - processes KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - terrestrial environment KW - solutes KW - rates KW - humic acids KW - geochemical cycle KW - controls KW - photodegradation KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - coastal environment KW - carbon cycle KW - estuarine environment KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52568873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Role+of+photoreactions+in+controlling+rates+of+biodegradation+of+estuarine+dissolved+organic+matter&rft.au=Moran%2C+Mary+Ann%3BMiller%2C+William+L%3BBushaw%2C+Karen+L%3BZepp%2C+Richard+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; carbon; carbon cycle; coastal environment; controls; estuarine environment; geochemical cycle; humic acids; humic substances; organic acids; organic compounds; photodegradation; Plantae; processes; rates; solutes; terrestrial environment; thallophytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical and textural characteristics of sediments at an EPA reference site for dredged material on the continental slope SW of the Farallon Islands AN - 52556937; 1998-060393 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Bothner, M H AU - Gill, P W AU - Boothman, W S AU - Taylor, B B AU - Karl, H A Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 51 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - continental slope KW - Northeast Pacific KW - PCBs KW - bioavailability KW - environmental analysis KW - California KW - San Francisco County California KW - Farallon Islands KW - marine sediments KW - topography KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - East Pacific KW - concentration KW - textures KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - biota KW - dredged materials KW - organic compounds KW - North Pacific KW - metals KW - Pacific Ocean KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52556937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Bothner%2C+M+H%3BGill%2C+P+W%3BBoothman%2C+W+S%3BTaylor%2C+B+B%3BKarl%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Bothner&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Chemical+and+textural+characteristics+of+sediments+at+an+EPA+reference+site+for+dredged+material+on+the+continental+slope+SW+of+the+Farallon+Islands&rft.title=Chemical+and+textural+characteristics+of+sediments+at+an+EPA+reference+site+for+dredged+material+on+the+continental+slope+SW+of+the+Farallon+Islands&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 55 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; bioavailability; biota; California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; continental slope; dredged materials; East Pacific; environmental analysis; Farallon Islands; geochemistry; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; marine sediments; metals; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; organic compounds; Pacific Ocean; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; San Francisco County California; sediments; textures; topography; toxicity; United States; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral surface-catalyzed hydrolysis of agrochemicals AN - 52556858; 1998-066726 AB - Current crop and animal production practices employ a wide variety of biologically active compounds, including insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, sterilants, and antibiotics. Most of these compounds eventually come into contact with soils. Our objective is to understand how mineral surfaces and other soil constituents influence pathways and rates of degradation. Mineral surfaces serve as hydrolysis catalysts by adsorbing the organic substrate, the attacking nucleophile (usually H (sub 2) O or OH-), or both reactants. Organic substrate adsorption in most cases involves bond formation between Lewis Base groups of the substrate with metal atoms residing on the mineral surface. Surfaces comprised of "hard" metal ions (e.g. AlIII, TiIV, FeIII) show a preference for coordinating oxygen-containing groups, followed by nitrogen-containing groups; sulfur-containing groups adsorb poorly. H (sub 2) O and OH- adsorption is believed to occur on all mineral surfaces in contact with water. The nature and reactivity of adsorbed H (sub 2) O and OH-, however, is poorly understood. Laboratory studies of surface-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions of carboxylic acid esters, amides, hydrazides, carbamates, substituted ureas, phosphate triesters, phosphothioate triesters, and other agrochemicals help shed light on the nature and reactivity of mineral surfaces. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Stone, Alan T AU - Huang, Ching-Hua AU - Smolen, Jean M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 357 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - soils KW - insecticides KW - antibiotics KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - herbicides KW - sterilants KW - hydrolysis KW - rates KW - fungicides KW - adsorption KW - hydroxyl ion KW - reactivity KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - catalysis KW - chemical reactions KW - agrochemicals KW - carboxylic acids KW - pesticides KW - kinetics KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52556858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Mineral+surface-catalyzed+hydrolysis+of+agrochemicals&rft.au=Yu%2C+Y+Shane%3BBailey%2C+George+W&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; agrochemicals; antibiotics; carboxylic acids; catalysis; chemical reactions; degradation; experimental studies; fungicides; herbicides; hydrolysis; hydroxyl ion; insecticides; kinetics; organic acids; organic compounds; pesticides; rates; reactivity; soils; sterilants; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Establishing pre-disturbance water quality standards in areas of natural acid-metal contamination; upper Alamosa River, southern Colorado AN - 52555790; 1998-068875 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Posey, Harry H AU - Campbell, Angus N AU - Hanley, James E AU - Pendleton, James E AU - Woodling, John D Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 72 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - acids KW - Alamosa River KW - natural materials KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - metals KW - Colorado KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52555790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Establishing+pre-disturbance+water+quality+standards+in+areas+of+natural+acid-metal+contamination%3B+upper+Alamosa+River%2C+southern+Colorado&rft.au=Posey%2C+Harry+H%3BCampbell%2C+Angus+N%3BHanley%2C+James+E%3BPendleton%2C+James+E%3BWoodling%2C+John+D&rft.aulast=Posey&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 4th International symposium on Environmental geochemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acids; Alamosa River; Colorado; concentration; environmental analysis; environmental effects; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; metals; natural materials; pH; pollution; surface water; United States; USGS; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mobilization of lead from material skeleton during pregnancy AN - 52553287; 1998-068773 JF - Open-File Report - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Gulson, Brian L AU - Jameson, C W AU - Mahaffey, Kathryn R AU - Mizon, Karen J AU - Korsch, James J Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 31 EP - 32 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0196-1497, 0196-1497 KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - toxicity KW - medical geology KW - metals KW - bones KW - pollution KW - lead KW - USGS KW - urban environment KW - human ecology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52553287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Mobilization+of+lead+from+material+skeleton+during+pregnancy&rft.au=Gulson%2C+Brian+L%3BJameson%2C+C+W%3BMahaffey%2C+Kathryn+R%3BMizon%2C+Karen+J%3BKorsch%2C+James+J&rft.aulast=Gulson&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Open-File+Report+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=01961497&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 4th International symposium on Environmental geochemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XGROAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bones; concentration; human ecology; lead; medical geology; metals; pollution; toxic materials; toxicity; urban environment; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protocol for determining bioavailability and biodegradation kinetics of organic soil pollutants in soil systems to enhance bioremediation of polluted soil sites AN - 52511590; 1999-018520 JF - Methods in Biotechnology AU - Tabak, Henry H AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Fu, Chunsheng AU - Gao, Chao A2 - Sheehan, David Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 223 EP - 240 PB - Humana Press, Totowa, NJ VL - 2 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - desorption KW - technology KW - numerical models KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - rates KW - bioavailability KW - adsorption KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - sample preparation KW - phenols KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - kinetics KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52511590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Methods+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Protocol+for+determining+bioavailability+and+biodegradation+kinetics+of+organic+soil+pollutants+in+soil+systems+to+enhance+bioremediation+of+polluted+soil+sites&rft.au=Tabak%2C+Henry+H%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BFu%2C+Chunsheng%3BGao%2C+Chao&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=0896034372&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Methods+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - NJ N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04848 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; desorption; hydrocarbons; in situ; kinetics; numerical models; organic compounds; phenols; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; rates; remediation; sample preparation; soils; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of bioavailability and biokinetics protocol to phenol and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminants in soil and development of bioavailability and biokinetic models for soil systems AN - 52511492; 1999-018524 JF - Methods in Biotechnology AU - Tabak, Henry H AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Fu, Chunsheng AU - Gao, Chao A2 - Sheehan, David Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 297 EP - 323 PB - Humana Press, Totowa, NJ VL - 2 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - sorption KW - diffusion KW - desorption KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - bioavailability KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - phenols KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - kinetics KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52511492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Methods+in+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Application+of+bioavailability+and+biokinetics+protocol+to+phenol+and+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon+contaminants+in+soil+and+development+of+bioavailability+and+biokinetic+models+for+soil+systems&rft.au=Tabak%2C+Henry+H%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BFu%2C+Chunsheng%3BGao%2C+Chao&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=0896034372&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Methods+in+Biotechnology&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - NJ N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04848 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; desorption; diffusion; hydrocarbons; kinetics; mathematical models; organic compounds; phenols; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; soils; sorption; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An examination of the anatomy of a chlorinated solvent plume; a Superfund site case study AN - 52509382; 1999-009617 AB - Accidental and deliberate disposal of chlorinated solvents caused a highly productive glacial-drift aquifer in Milford, New Hampshire to be contaminated, and lead to the abandonment of a municipal water supply well. These contaminants entered the subsurface both as dissolved and free phase liquids over time and at several locations. Seasonal variations in the stream-aquifer system coupled with changes in groundwater pumping patterns profoundly influence the contaminant plume configuration. The observed plume exceeds 1600 meters in length, has a maximum width of over 730 meters, and a maximum thickness in excess of 24 meters. Highest observed contaminant concentrations exceed 117 mg/L for PCE. Detailed vertical profiling and monitoring well water sample data are being used to help design a slurry wall containment system for the DNAPL source area, and groundwater extraction systems for the dissolved plume. A neutral buoyancy surfactant flushing test is planned for the DNAPL source area. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Willey, Richard E AU - Harte, Philip T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 123 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - plumes KW - contaminant plumes KW - site exploration KW - pumping KW - drift KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ground water KW - buoyancy KW - New Hampshire KW - solvents KW - sediments KW - thickness KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water supply KW - patterns KW - monitoring KW - clastic sediments KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - Milford New Hampshire KW - dissolved materials KW - Hillsborough County New Hampshire KW - seasonal variations KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52509382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=An+examination+of+the+anatomy+of+a+chlorinated+solvent+plume%3B+a+Superfund+site+case+study&rft.au=Willey%2C+Richard+E%3BHarte%2C+Philip+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Willey&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; buoyancy; case studies; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; contaminant plumes; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; dissolved materials; drift; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hillsborough County New Hampshire; Milford New Hampshire; monitoring; New Hampshire; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; patterns; plumes; pollutants; pollution; pumping; seasonal variations; sediments; site exploration; solvents; Superfund; tetrachloroethylene; thickness; United States; water supply; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of fill deposits in the Calumet region of northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois AN - 52491784; 1999-032083 AB - In October 1993, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, began a study of the fill deposits in the Calumet region of northwestern Indiana and northeastern Illinois. Fill in this area is a mixture of steel-industry wastes, other industrial waste, municipal solid waste, dredging spoil, construction debris, ash, cinders, natural materials, and biological sludge. Fill deposits are concentrated along Lake Michigan; from the Lake Calumet area to the east ofthe Indiana Harbor Canal; along the Calumet, Little Calumet, and Grand Calumet Rivers; and along the Calumet Sag Channel. Industrial wastes and municipal solid wastes are used as fill near Lake Calumet. Steel-industry wastes, primarily slag, are used as fill along Lake Michigan, Wolf Lake, Lake George, parts of Lake Calumet, and parts of the Calumet and Little Calumet Rivers. Dredging spoil is located along the rivers, and in abandoned river channels, landfills, and tailing ponds. Cinders, ash, construction debris, and natural materials are scattered throughout the area. Currently (1996), fill covers about 60.2 square miles of the study area. A total volume of about 2.1 x 10(10) cubic feet of fill was calculated to be present in the Calumet region. Most of this fill is steel-industry waste. Fill deposition in the study area has been essentially continuous from about 1870 to the present. Fill deposited before 1964 was used as foundation for streets and railroad tracks, to create land for industrial expansion, and to dispose of waste material. Much of the fill deposited after 1964 was disposed of in landfills designed to minimize environmental effects. Industrial wastes, municipal solid wastes, steel- industry wastes, and, perhaps, dredging spoil can be associated with increased concentrations of volatile and semivolatile organic compounds, pesticides, cyanide, metals, or major ions in ground water in this area. Construction debris, ash, cinders, and natural fill may be associated with increased concentrations of major ions in gound water. JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Kay, Robert T AU - Greeman, Theodore K AU - Duwelius, Richard F AU - King, Robin B AU - Nazimek, John E AU - Petrovski, David M Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 36 EP - 36, 3 sheets PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - Type: colored environmental geology maps KW - Type: site location maps KW - Type: land use map KW - Type: hydrogeologic maps KW - Type: surficial geology map KW - United States KW - characterization KW - waste disposal sites KW - surficial geology KW - Calumet River basin KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - Indiana KW - Porter County Indiana KW - USGS KW - solid waste KW - Cook County Illinois KW - concentration KW - Lake County Indiana KW - Illinois KW - pollutants KW - land use maps KW - pollution KW - site location maps KW - hydrogeologic maps KW - surficial geology maps KW - dredged materials KW - water table KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - spoils KW - maps KW - metals KW - volatile organic compounds KW - industrial waste KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - leaching KW - environmental geology maps KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52491784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Kay%2C+Robert+T%3BGreeman%2C+Theodore+K%3BDuwelius%2C+Richard+F%3BKing%2C+Robin+B%3BNazimek%2C+John+E%3BPetrovski%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Kay&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Characterization+of+fill+deposits+in+the+Calumet+region+of+northwestern+Indiana+and+northeastern+Illinois&rft.title=Characterization+of+fill+deposits+in+the+Calumet+region+of+northwestern+Indiana+and+northeastern+Illinois&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from USGS product, Selected Water Resources Abstracts, Reston, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 65 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Calumet River basin; characterization; concentration; Cook County Illinois; dredged materials; environmental analysis; environmental geology maps; ground water; hydrogeologic maps; Illinois; Indiana; industrial waste; Lake County Indiana; land use; land use maps; leaching; maps; metals; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; Porter County Indiana; site location maps; solid waste; spoils; surficial geology; surficial geology maps; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of wastewaters on near coastal sediment quality AN - 52467665; 1999-044866 AB - The primary objective of this study was to provide needed perspective on the magnitude of sediment contamination attributable to wastewaters discharged to Gulf of Mexico near-coastal areas. To achieve this objective, the chemical quality and toxicities of sediments collected from three coastal rivers and four coastal bays receiving wastewaters were assessed during a three year period. Five animal test species and one rooted macrophyte species were used to assess the acute and chronic toxicities of sediments associated with a total of ten industrial, municipal, power generation and forest product industry wastewater outfalls. Effects on plant biomass and on animal, lethality, reproduction and growth were determined in tests ranging from 1/2h to 28d duration. The detection of toxicity was largely a function of the number and type of toxicity tests used in the analysis. Effects were localized typically occurring within the mixing zone. Acute toxicity was not common and the detection of chronic toxicity was inconsistent. There was low correlation between the toxicities of the effluents and the corresponding sediments in their receiving waters. The major sediment contaminants, with few exceptions, were heavy metals, the concentrations of which, exceeded the no observed effect concentrations reported in quality assessment guidelines for Florida coastal sediments. It is concluded that a battery of toxicity tests is needed to determine the toxicity of effluent-impacted sediments in Gulf of Mexico coastal rivers and bays. Furthermore, phytotoxicity and sediment toxicity variability are important issues that need consideration if hazard assessments for contaminated sediments are to be relevant in these near-coastal environments. JF - Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation ... Annual Conference & Exposition AU - Lewis, Michael A AU - Weber, David E AU - Stanley, Roman S AU - Quarles, Robert L AU - Roush, Thomas H AU - Albrecht, Barbara AU - Reimold, Robert J Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 499 EP - 517 PB - Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, VA VL - 70, Vol. 4 IS - part II KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - waste water KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - chemical waste KW - Pensacola Bay KW - Florida KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - bioaccumulation KW - toxicity KW - Perdido Bay KW - phytotoxicity KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - discharge KW - heavy metals KW - insecticides KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - Bay County Florida KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - biota KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - DDT KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - pesticides KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Escambia Bay KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52467665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation+...+Annual+Conference+%26+Exposition&rft.atitle=Impact+of+wastewaters+on+near+coastal+sediment+quality&rft.au=Lewis%2C+Michael+A%3BWeber%2C+David+E%3BStanley%2C+Roman+S%3BQuarles%2C+Robert+L%3BRoush%2C+Thomas+H%3BAlbrecht%2C+Barbara%3BReimold%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=70%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=part+II&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=1572781149&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation+...+Annual+Conference+%26+Exposition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - WEFTEC 97; Water Environment Federation 70th annual conference and exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04654 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Atlantic Ocean; Bay County Florida; bioaccumulation; bioassays; biota; case studies; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; coastal environment; concentration; DDT; detection; discharge; effluents; Escambia Bay; Florida; Gulf of Mexico; halogenated hydrocarbons; heavy metals; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; insecticides; monitoring; North Atlantic; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; Pensacola Bay; Perdido Bay; pesticides; phytotoxicity; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sediments; toxic materials; toxicity; United States; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a river bed with hydraulic models AN - 52464769; 1999-047288 JF - Proceedings of ... Congress of International Association for Hydraulic Research AU - Hengl, Michael A A2 - Holly, Forrest M., Jr. A2 - Alsaffar, Adnan A2 - Wang, Sam S. Y. A2 - Carstens, Torkild Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 504 EP - 509 PB - International Association for Hydraulic Research Congress VL - 27, Theme B SN - 0074-1477, 0074-1477 KW - riprap KW - models KW - hydraulics KW - Central Europe KW - fluvial features KW - waterways KW - Europe KW - Austria KW - rivers KW - Wien River KW - bedforms KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52464769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+...+Congress+of+International+Association+for+Hydraulic+Research&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+river+bed+with+hydraulic+models&rft.au=Hengl%2C+Michael+A&rft.aulast=Hengl&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=27%2C+Theme+B&rft.issue=&rft.spage=504&rft.isbn=0784402728&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+...+Congress+of+International+Association+for+Hydraulic+Research&rft.issn=00741477&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 27th congress of the International Association for Hydraulic Research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sect. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCIRD3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Austria; bedforms; Central Europe; Europe; fluvial features; hydraulics; models; riprap; rivers; waterways; Wien River ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dilution achieved by diffusers parallel to current using EPA UM model AN - 52464582; 1999-047256 JF - Proceedings of ... Congress of International Association for Hydraulic Research AU - Frick, Walter E A2 - Holly, Forrest M., Jr. A2 - Alsaffar, Adnan A2 - Wang, Sam S. Y. A2 - Carstens, Torkild Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 317 EP - 322 PB - International Association for Hydraulic Research Congress VL - 27, Theme B SN - 0074-1477, 0074-1477 KW - diffusion KW - dilution KW - pollutants KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - simulation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52464582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+...+Congress+of+International+Association+for+Hydraulic+Research&rft.atitle=Dilution+achieved+by+diffusers+parallel+to+current+using+EPA+UM+model&rft.au=Frick%2C+Walter+E&rft.aulast=Frick&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=27%2C+Theme+B&rft.issue=&rft.spage=317&rft.isbn=0784402728&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+...+Congress+of+International+Association+for+Hydraulic+Research&rft.issn=00741477&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 27th congress of the International Association for Hydraulic Research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PCIRD3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - diffusion; dilution; government agencies; pollutants; pollution; simulation; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of the Colorado watershed integration system AN - 52464072; 1999-044861 AB - The objective of this watershed data integration project was to provide the State of Colorado with the ability to prioritize watersheds within the Rio Grande Basin for purposes of issuing NPDES permits. This system will also allow the State to evaluate opportunities to synchronize permitting within watersheds throughout the basin. This paper reports on the development of an Arcview-based watershed data integration system for the State of Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment's Water Quality Control Division (WQCD). The WQCD is in the initial stages of developing a watershed planning and management strategy for the State. As part of these efforts, the WQCD identified the need for an integrated data management system capable of prioritizing watersheds within individual river basins. The system included both state-wide and basin specific GIS coverages such as water quality monitoring stations, stream gages, municipal and industrial dischargers, public water supplies, and the reach file (versions 1 and 3). Value added attributes to the reach file included water quality standards, beneficial uses, and use impairment status. Specific query tools were developed to identify streams not meeting their beneficial uses; to find streams where water quality standards were exceeded and to display both permits limits and discharge monitoring reports for municipal and industrial NPDES dischargers. A linkage was established to access the USGS Water Resources Division real-time and historical stream flow data. Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC) compliant metadata was also delivered with the system. This data system can be used to: (1) facilitate water quality analyses employed in compiling Clean Water Act Section 303(d) and Section 305(b) reports, (2) develop watershed permitting strategies and (3) develop individual and general NPDES permits. JF - Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation ... Annual Conference & Exposition AU - Samuels, William B AU - Parker, James G AU - Ganter, Wesley N AU - Currey, Gregory AU - Reimold, Robert J Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 201 EP - 211 PB - Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, VA VL - 70, Vol. 4 IS - part I KW - United States KW - protection KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - data acquisition KW - regulations KW - data processing KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - information management KW - ground water KW - data management KW - aquifers KW - geographic information systems KW - wetlands KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - information systems KW - basin management KW - Rio Grande Valley KW - Colorado KW - water resources KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52464072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation+...+Annual+Conference+%26+Exposition&rft.atitle=Development+of+the+Colorado+watershed+integration+system&rft.au=Samuels%2C+William+B%3BParker%2C+James+G%3BGanter%2C+Wesley+N%3BCurrey%2C+Gregory%3BReimold%2C+Robert+J&rft.aulast=Samuels&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=70%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=part+I&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=1572781149&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation+...+Annual+Conference+%26+Exposition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - WEFTEC 97; Water Environment Federation 70th annual conference and exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04654 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; basin management; Colorado; data acquisition; data management; data processing; decision-making; geographic information systems; ground water; hydrology; information management; information systems; monitoring; policy; pollution; protection; regulations; Rio Grande Valley; risk assessment; United States; water resources; watersheds; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of wastewaters on sediment quality in estuaries AN - 52454207; 1999-054569 JF - Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation ... Annual Conference & Exposition AU - Lewis, M A AU - Weber, D AU - Daniels, C AU - Stanley, R AU - Quar, R AU - Roush, T Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 372 PB - Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, VA VL - 70 IS - 8 KW - United States KW - biomass KW - waste water KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - vegetation KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - estuarine environment KW - geochemistry KW - heavy metals KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52454207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation+...+Annual+Conference+%26+Exposition&rft.atitle=Impact+of+wastewaters+on+sediment+quality+in+estuaries&rft.au=Lewis%2C+M+A%3BWeber%2C+D%3BDaniels%2C+C%3BStanley%2C+R%3BQuar%2C+R%3BRoush%2C+T&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=372&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation+...+Annual+Conference+%26+Exposition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - WEFTEC ) 97; Water Environment Federation 70th annual conference & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04654 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioavailability; biomass; effluents; environmental analysis; environmental effects; estuarine environment; Florida; geochemistry; Gulf Coastal Plain; heavy metals; pollutants; pollution; sediments; toxicity; United States; vegetation; waste water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization of a sulfate-reducing bioprocess to remove heavy metals from acid mine drainage AN - 52453012; 1999-054563 JF - Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation ... Annual Conference & Exposition AU - Steed, Vicki S AU - Blackert, Robert AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Miyahara, Takashi AU - Acheson, Carolyn Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 346 PB - Water Environment Federation, Alexandria, VA VL - 70 IS - 8 KW - concentration KW - sulfate ion KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollutants KW - sludge KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - bioremediation KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - decontamination KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52453012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation+...+Annual+Conference+%26+Exposition&rft.atitle=Optimization+of+a+sulfate-reducing+bioprocess+to+remove+heavy+metals+from+acid+mine+drainage&rft.au=Steed%2C+Vicki+S%3BBlackert%2C+Robert%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BMiyahara%2C+Takashi%3BAcheson%2C+Carolyn&rft.aulast=Steed&rft.aufirst=Vicki&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=346&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Water+Environment+Federation+...+Annual+Conference+%26+Exposition&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - WEFTEC ) 97; Water Environment Federation 70th annual conference & exposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04654 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; anaerobic environment; bacteria; bioremediation; concentration; decontamination; drinking water; environmental analysis; heavy metals; metals; optimization; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; sludge; sulfate ion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of aromatic acids and phospholipid-ester-linked fatty acids for delineation of processes affecting an aquifer contaminated with JP-4 fuel AN - 52421073; 1999-069278 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Fang, Jiasong AU - Barcelona, Michael J AU - West, Candida A2 - Eganhouse, Robert P. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 65 EP - 76 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 671 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - United States KW - metabolites KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - degradation KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - ground water KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - esters KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - BTEX KW - aquifers KW - Wurtsmith Air Force Base KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - phospholipids KW - Oscoda County Michigan KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - Michigan KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52421073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=The+use+of+aromatic+acids+and+phospholipid-ester-linked+fatty+acids+for+delineation+of+processes+affecting+an+aquifer+contaminated+with+JP-4+fuel&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L%3BBuckley%2C+T%3BPellizzari%2C+E%3BGordon%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 212th national meeting of the American Chemical Society ; symposium on Application of molecular markers in environmental geochemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; biodegradation; BTEX; degradation; esters; fatty acids; ground water; hydrocarbons; lipids; metabolites; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; military facilities; organic acids; organic compounds; Oscoda County Michigan; petroleum products; phospholipids; pollutants; pollution; United States; Wurtsmith Air Force Base ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field estimation of hydraulic conductivitiy for assessments of natural attenuation AN - 52393840; 2000-014773 AB - A Geoprobe is a sampling tool that drives hollow steel rods into the earth to serve as a temporary ground water monitoring well. The rods are threaded to allow them to be joined together, and the leading rod is slotted to admit the ground water being sampled. A simple technique was developed by EPA staff that uses a Geoprobe to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of the depth interval that provides the water sample. The approach can be used where ground water can be sampled by suction lift using a pump on the surface. JF - Bioremediation AU - Wilson, John T AU - Cho, Jong S AU - Beck, Frank P AU - Vardy, James A AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 309 EP - 314 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - water quality KW - slug tests KW - contaminant plumes KW - Geoprobe KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - techniques KW - porous materials KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - pump tests KW - attenuation KW - drawdown KW - sediments KW - natural attenuation KW - risk assessment KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Field+estimation+of+hydraulic+conductivitiy+for+assessments+of+natural+attenuation&rft.au=Wilson%2C+John+T%3BCho%2C+Jong+S%3BBeck%2C+Frank+P%3BVardy%2C+James+A%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; attenuation; contaminant plumes; drawdown; Geoprobe; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; natural attenuation; observation wells; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; pump tests; remediation; risk assessment; sediments; slug tests; techniques; water quality; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and testing of a bench-scale composting system for treatment of hazardous waste AN - 52393641; 2000-014723 AB - The U.S. EPA has developed bench-scale reactors to study bioremediation of contaminated soils by composting at its Test & Evaluation (T&E) Facility in Cincinnati, OH. In-vessel composters serve as diagnostic tools to estimate the treatment capability of larger systems. Current research investigates the ability of microorganisms to biodegrade polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in compost reactors. In-vessel composting of creosote-contaminated soil reduced concentrations of 2-4 ring PAHs by an average of 74%. Despite large biomass increases during the first 4 weeks of composting, no removal of 5&6 ring PAHs occurred during the 12-week treatment period. Thermophilic temperatures in the composters might have inhibited PAH degradation. JF - Bioremediation AU - Potter, Carl L AU - Glaser, John A AU - Dosani, Majid A AU - Krishnan, Srinivas AU - Radha Krishnan, E AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 85 EP - 90 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - biomass KW - creosote KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - composting KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - testing KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Design+and+testing+of+a+bench-scale+composting+system+for+treatment+of+hazardous+waste&rft.au=Potter%2C+Carl+L%3BGlaser%2C+John+A%3BDosani%2C+Majid+A%3BKrishnan%2C+Srinivas%3BRadha+Krishnan%2C+E%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; biodegradation; biomass; bioremediation; composting; concentration; creosote; hazardous waste; hydrocarbons; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; soil treatment; soils; techniques; testing; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Injection of surfactant/oxygen microbubbles as a delivery system for in situ bioremediation AN - 52393619; 2000-014828 AB - The rate of biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons at many sites is limited by oxygen availability in the saturated and unsaturated zones. Increasing the oxygen concentration in the contaminated zones by delivery techniques such as bioventing and biosparging have been shown to increase the rate of degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Injection of oxygen microbubbles was investigated as an oxygen delivery system for the in-situ biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the saturated and unsaturated zones. Laboratory and field tests indicate that a foam consisting of 50 to 100 micron surfactant/gas microbubbles could be continuously injected into an aquifer consisting of fine grained unconsolidated sediments. The tests indicate that the microbubbles are persistent in the aquifer longer and have different migration characteristics than air bubbles injected by typical air sparging techniques. JF - Bioremediation AU - Leigh, Daniel P AU - Jerger, Douglas E AU - Woodhull, Patrick M AU - Lewis, Ronald F AU - Becvar, Erica S AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 603 EP - 608 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - soils KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - soil venting KW - pollutants KW - soil vapor extraction KW - injection KW - bubbles KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - biosparging KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Injection+of+surfactant%2Foxygen+microbubbles+as+a+delivery+system+for+in+situ+bioremediation&rft.au=Leigh%2C+Daniel+P%3BJerger%2C+Douglas+E%3BWoodhull%2C+Patrick+M%3BLewis%2C+Ronald+F%3BBecvar%2C+Erica+S%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Leigh&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=603&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; biosparging; bubbles; degradation; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; injection; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; soil venting; soils; surfactants; techniques; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing protocol for availability, biokinetics and treatment end-points AN - 52393401; 2000-014748 AB - Laboratory studies provide critical information on biodegradation rates and can be used for determining the effect of additives (surfactants, inducers, nutrients) and in establishing design of pilot and field-scale bioremediation systems. Based on our previous studies with soils freshly spiked with PAHs, a multilevel testing protocol was developed to quantitate adsorption/desorption rates and equilibria, biokinetic rates in soil slurry and compacted soil reactors and obtain natural attenuation rates using microcosms. In this paper, results are presented on the application of this testing protocol to an aged soil, contaminated with several low and high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), obtained from the Reilly Tar and Chemical Corporation site in St. Louis Park, Minnesota. Desorption studies conducted with abiotic soil slurry systems showed that less than 3% of the total PAHs in soil desorbed into the aqueous phase. Respirometric studies using soil slurry reactors were conducted to derive first-order biokinetic parameters for natural attenuation, and in the presence of two nutrient formulations, two surfactants (Tween 80 and Novell II) and four inducers. It was shown that OECD nutrient formulation dramatically increases total PAH degradation. As expected, biodegradation rates for 4- and 6-ring PAHs were slower than for 2- and 3-ring PAHs. Further studies using the testing protocol are on-going with Reilly Tar and other PAH contaminated soils. JF - Bioremediation AU - Tabak, Henry H AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Fu, Chunsheng AU - Qi, Song AU - Guo, J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 195 EP - 203 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - United States KW - desorption KW - ammonium ion KW - Saint Louis Park Minnesota KW - bioavailability KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - natural attenuation KW - kinetics KW - Hennepin County Minnesota KW - soils KW - liquid phase KW - Minnesota KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - biokinetics KW - adsorption KW - bioremediation KW - nutrients KW - phosphate ion KW - organic compounds KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Testing+protocol+for+availability%2C+biokinetics+and+treatment+end-points&rft.au=Tabak%2C+Henry+H%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BFu%2C+Chunsheng%3BQi%2C+Song%3BGuo%2C+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; ammonium ion; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioavailability; biodegradation; biokinetics; bioremediation; desorption; experimental studies; Hennepin County Minnesota; hydrocarbons; kinetics; laboratory studies; liquid phase; Minnesota; natural attenuation; nutrients; organic compounds; phosphate ion; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; porous materials; remediation; Saint Louis Park Minnesota; soils; sulfate ion; surfactants; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of sulfide on anaerobic biotransformation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene AN - 52392435; 2000-014711 JF - Bioremediation AU - Cheng, Jiayang AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 47 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - biodegradation KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - anaerobic reactors KW - bioremediation KW - biotransformations KW - remediation KW - methanol KW - substrates KW - organic compounds KW - explosives KW - alcohols KW - anaerobic environment KW - transformations KW - microorganisms KW - dinitrotoluene KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52392435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+sulfide+on+anaerobic+biotransformation+of+2%2C4-dinitrotoluene&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Jiayang%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Jiayang&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; anaerobic environment; anaerobic reactors; biodegradation; bioremediation; biotransformations; dinitrotoluene; explosives; methanol; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; substrates; toxic materials; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic degradation of toxaphene in soils; a pilot study AN - 52392261; 2000-014759 AB - Pilot studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of solid-phase anaerobic treatment in degrading toxaphene soil at a former crop-dusting landing strip in southern Florida. Ten reactors were prepared by mixing soil with various organic amendments and nutrients. These mixtures were incubated anaerobically and degradation was monitored periodically by measuring the residual toxaphene concentration. Initial toxaphene concentrations ranged from 937 to 2,400 mg/kg. After 184 days, toxaphene concentrations were reduced by up to 91.7%. The optimum removal was achieved with an amendment of 10% (w/w) blood meal. Lower substrate degradation was found in reactors which had other amendments added to the soil. The data fits a first-order rate kinetics equation. The half-life of toxaphene was 39 and 61 days for amendments of 2.5 and 10% blood meal, respectively. Headspace sampling showed no air emissions of concern. Results showed that the addition of blood meal under anaerobic conditions can be used to accelerate remediation of toxaphene contaminated soil. JF - Bioremediation AU - Camacho, JoAnn M AU - Joyner, William AU - Vemuri, Ramu AU - Holderness, Brian AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 251 EP - 256 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - United States KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - rates KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - toxaphene KW - nutrients KW - carcinogens KW - organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - pesticides KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52392261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+degradation+of+toxaphene+in+soils%3B+a+pilot+study&rft.au=Camacho%2C+JoAnn+M%3BJoyner%2C+William%3BVemuri%2C+Ramu%3BHolderness%2C+Brian%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Camacho&rft.aufirst=JoAnn&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; biodegradation; carcinogens; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; degradation; environmental analysis; Florida; halogenated hydrocarbons; kinetics; monitoring; nutrients; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; rates; soil treatment; soils; toxaphene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protocol for supporting natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents; with examples AN - 52330268; 2000-057037 JF - Bioremediation AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Moutoux, David E AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Haas, Patrick AU - Hansen, Jerry E AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 147 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - dispersivity KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - research KW - cost KW - remediation KW - volatilization KW - attenuation KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - dechlorination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52330268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Protocol+for+supporting+natural+attenuation+of+chlorinated+solvents%3B+with+examples&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BMoutoux%2C+David+E%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BHaas%2C+Patrick%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; biodegradation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; cost; dechlorination; decontamination; degradation; dehalogenation; dispersivity; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrolysis; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; research; solvents; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of methanotrophs to degrade TCE in electrokinetic field AN - 52329916; 2000-057028 AB - Hydraulic fracturing processes have been developed by the University of Cincinnati and the U.S. EPA to drive trichloroethylene (TCE) in soil using electrokinetics. The goal is to capture the TCE in a remediation zone (RZ) containing granular activated carbon (GAC) and then degrade the TCE using a consortium of methanotrophs immobilized on the GAC. Hydraulic fracturing was used to place the graphite electrodes and remediation zone containing the GAC and bacteria. A consortium of methanotrophs was developed for their resistance to TCE. This consortium was used to test a methane introduction system at an uncontaminated field site near Cincinnati, Ohio. We have demonstrated that methanotrophs introduced into a RZ made up of granular activated carbon (GAC) can degrade TCE over a period of three months. This was demonstrated with a weekly ex situ test of recovered GAC from the RZ and in an indirect test of soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) activity, using the conversion of naphthalene to naphthol. These two tests showed good correlation. This technology is now being applied at a TCE contaminated site at Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base, near Columbus, Ohio. JF - Bioremediation AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Al-Abed, Souhail R AU - Catbas, K Hayati AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 101 EP - 106 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - techniques KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Hamilton County Ohio KW - decontamination KW - Cincinnati Ohio KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base KW - kinetics KW - Ohio KW - soils KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - biodegradation KW - methane KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - infiltration KW - bacteria KW - methanotrophs KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52329916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Use+of+methanotrophs+to+degrade+TCE+in+electrokinetic+field&rft.au=Vesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BAl-Abed%2C+Souhail+R%3BCatbas%2C+K+Hayati%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Vesper&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; case studies; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Cincinnati Ohio; contaminant plumes; decontamination; degradation; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hamilton County Ohio; hydraulic fracturing; hydrocarbons; infiltration; kinetics; methane; methanotrophs; military facilities; Ohio; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base; soils; techniques; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ dechlorination of solvents in saturated soils AN - 52329842; 2000-057012 AB - Use of chlorinated solvents has led to extensive soil and groundwater contamination. Current aerobic treatment methods, such as pump-and-treat with carbon sorption or air stripping, are limited and often cost-prohibitive. Researchers have isolated microbial cultures capable of reductively dechlorinating tetrachloroethene (PCE) to ethene (ETH). Field studies have shown reductive dechlorination of chlorinated solvents to be stimulated by the addition of electron donors. Based on these results, this project utilizes indigenous bacteria and added electron donors for degradation of PCE in the field. The approach is designed to achieve a rigorous mass balance on electron donors, electron acceptors, and microbial carbon/energy sources. The effort is aimed at validating reductive dechlorination in a realistic field situation. JF - Bioremediation AU - Becvar, Erica S AU - Vogel, Catherine AU - Sewell, Guy W AU - Gossett, James M AU - Zinder, Steve H AU - Magar, Victor AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 39 EP - 44 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - ethylene KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - mass balance KW - alkenes KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pump-and-treat KW - soils KW - in situ KW - effluents KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - dechlorination KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52329842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=In+situ+dechlorination+of+solvents+in+saturated+soils&rft.au=Becvar%2C+Erica+S%3BVogel%2C+Catherine%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W%3BGossett%2C+James+M%3BZinder%2C+Steve+H%3BMagar%2C+Victor%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Becvar&rft.aufirst=Erica&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dechlorination; decontamination; dehalogenation; effluents; ethylene; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; mass balance; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollution; pump-and-treat; saturation; soils; solvents; trichloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation in the field compared to the laboratory AN - 52327895; 2000-057207 AB - A field study conducted on the shoreline of Delaware in 1994 showed that the first-order rate constants calculated from the field study were nearly identical to rate constants calculated in sealed laboratory flasks, using the same microbial populations from the study site, when the rate data were normalized to the highest alky-substituted homologue in a given polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) series. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine how widespread this relationship was among a diverse series of microbial consortia. Eight undefined mixed cultures isolated from various U.S. marine shorelines were incubated for a period of one month in quadruplicate shake flasks in the presence of artificial seawater containing weathered crude oil. Flasks were sacrificed at periodic intervals and the contents analyzed for depletion of crude oil constituents by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Rates of biodegradation were calculated by nonlinear regression analysis of the analyte depletion data and compared to rates measured in the Delaware field study. Results affirmed the findings from Delaware. Six of the eight mixed cultures isolated from different parts of the U.S. behaved similarly in closed flasks (with respect to the relative rates of biodegradation of crude oil hydrocarbons) to the microbial consortium that degraded the light crude oil in the open field on the beach of Delaware Bay. Results suggested that one can use the relationship between degradation rate and substrate structure or molecular weight as a reliable indicator of biological activity. JF - Bioremediation AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Haines, John R AU - Holder, Edith L AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 359 EP - 364 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - Delaware KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - rates KW - case studies KW - waste management KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Rates+of+hydrocarbon+biodegradation+in+the+field+compared+to+the+laboratory&rft.au=Venosa%2C+Albert+D%3BHaines%2C+John+R%3BHolder%2C+Edith+L%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; case studies; contaminant plumes; decontamination; degradation; Delaware; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; organic compounds; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; rates; risk assessment; United States; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of mixed cultures for bioremediation product testing AN - 52327363; 2000-057220 AB - Samples of beach sediments from many locations in the United States were used to enrich for hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms. Sediments were incubated with mineral nutrients and an aromatic enriched fraction of crude oil to enrich for aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria. A shake flask experiment was designed to assess the ability of the various cultures to degrade crude oil as described in the NETAC protocol (NETAC, 1991). Each flask contained 100 mL of artificial seawater, nutrients, and weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil. Eight enrichment cultures were used to inoculate four replicate flasks for each sample time. The sample times were 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 20, and 28 days. After incubation at 20 degrees C, alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were measured by MPN and residual oil was extracted with methylene chloride, solvent exchanged with hexane, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 28 alkanes and 40 aromatic hydrocarbons were measured. Alkanes were extensively degraded by all cultures with approximately 80% reduction occurring within 8 days of incubation. The cultures were variable in their ability to degrade aromatic hydrocarbons. The greatest reduction in aromatic content (>90%) was achieved by two cultures by day 20. Substituted aromatics were poorly degraded by some cultures. Based on the results of these experiments a positive control culture will be chosen for bioremediation product testing. JF - Bioremediation AU - Haines, John R AU - Holder, Edith L AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 419 EP - 424 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - testing KW - instruments KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+mixed+cultures+for+bioremediation+product+testing&rft.au=Haines%2C+John+R%3BHolder%2C+Edith+L%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=419&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; coastal environment; decontamination; degradation; hydrocarbons; instruments; microorganisms; monitoring; nutrients; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; remediation; sediments; solvents; techniques; testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in toxicity of fuel-contaminated sediments following nitrate-based bioremediation; column study AN - 52327361; 2000-057131 JF - Bioremediation AU - Hutchins, S R AU - Bantle, J A AU - Schrock, E J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 19 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - nitrate ion KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Changes+in+toxicity+of+fuel-contaminated+sediments+following+nitrate-based+bioremediation%3B+column+study&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+S+R%3BBantle%2C+J+A%3BSchrock%2C+E+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; BTEX; case studies; contaminant plumes; Eglin Air Force Base; environmental analysis; experimental studies; Florida; ground water; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; military facilities; nitrate ion; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient transport during bioremediation of crude oil contaminated beaches AN - 52326592; 2000-057187 AB - The effect of wave energy on transport of dissolved nutrients in the intertidal zone of sandy beaches was studied by comparing the washout rates of a conservative tracer (lithium) on two beaches in Maine. The physical characteristics of the two beaches were similar, and they were subjected to the same tidal influences, but the wave energies were very different. Scarborough Beach is a high energy beach that faces southeast toward the Atlantic Ocean, whereas Ferry Beach is in a protected harbor. This difference in wave energy caused lithium to be washed out of Scarborough Beach much more rapidly than from Ferry Beach. The higher wave energy at Scarborough Beach also appears to have increased the amount of lithium that was diluted directly into the water column. These differences in transport rate and mechanism have important implications for the feasibility of bioremediation for cleanup of oil-contaminated shorelines. JF - Bioremediation AU - Wrenn, Brian A AU - Boufadel, Michel C AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 267 EP - 272 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - Scarborough Maine KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - intertidal environment KW - detection KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - crude oil KW - coastal environment KW - Maine KW - Cumberland County Maine KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Nutrient+transport+during+bioremediation+of+crude+oil+contaminated+beaches&rft.au=Wrenn%2C+Brian+A%3BBoufadel%2C+Michel+C%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wrenn&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; coastal environment; crude oil; Cumberland County Maine; decontamination; detection; environmental analysis; hydrocarbons; intertidal environment; Maine; nutrients; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Scarborough Maine; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns of reductive dehalogenation of dissolved chlorinated hydrocarbon plumes AN - 52326373; 2000-057047 JF - Bioremediation AU - Moutoux, David E AU - Benson, Leigh A AU - Hicks, John R AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Hansen, Jerry E AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 191 EP - 196 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - oxidation KW - dehalogenation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Patterns+of+reductive+dehalogenation+of+dissolved+chlorinated+hydrocarbon+plumes&rft.au=Moutoux%2C+David+E%3BBenson%2C+Leigh+A%3BHicks%2C+John+R%3BWiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Moutoux&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; BTEX; case studies; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; decontamination; degradation; dehalogenation; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; microorganisms; monitoring; organic compounds; oxidation; pollution; remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selection of core samples for microcosm studies of natural attenuation AN - 52326343; 2000-057044 AB - The North Beach Site at the U.S. Coast Guard Support Facility in Elizabeth City, NC, served as a location for incidental disposal of industrial wastes over a period of years. The primary contaminants discovered in the ground water are tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and its daughter products, trichloroethylene (TCE), cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-1,2-DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC). The principal concern is the potential migration of the chlorinated solvents into the Pasquotank River. The highest measured PCE concentrations were 4700 mu g/L in the water and approximately 700 mu g/Kg on the aquifer solids. Maximum concentrations of TCE and DCE for both solids and water were about an order of magnitude lower. Vinyl chloride concentrations ranged from 6 to 60 mu g/L. To determine the potential for natural attenuation of the site contaminants, both field and laboratory investigations were undertaken. Cores were obtained at the North Beach location for use in batch microcosm studies. Laboratory rate constants obtained from the microcosm studies will be compared to those obtained from the field investigation. Agreement between the rates will permit their use in risk assessment activities associated with the North Beach Site. Prior to selection of core material, the location of the interval of highest ground-water flow and geochemical characteristics indicative of biological activity were determined on water sampled with a geoprobe. As part of the investigation, field measurements of geochemical indicators of biological activity were evaluated for their ability to identify contaminated ground water. The identification of ground waters impacted by contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents has been well documented by a low redox potential, no dissolved oxygen, the presence of ferrous iron, and increased alkalinity compared to other ground waters at the site. Contamination is frequently found in the interval with the highest hydraulic conductivity. However, at the North Beach Site, geochemical parameters were not found to easily distinguish between contaminated and uncontaminated ground waters. The selection of core samples for microcosm studies was based primarily on the vertical distribution of PCE and its reduction daughter products and on the vertical distribution of hydraulic conductivity. JF - Bioremediation AU - Wilson, Barbara H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Vardy, James A AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 181 EP - 186 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - reclamation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Pasquotank County North Carolina KW - alkalinity KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - Elizabeth City North Carolina KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - North Carolina KW - trichloroethylene KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Selection+of+core+samples+for+microcosm+studies+of+natural+attenuation&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Barbara+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BVardy%2C+James+A%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; attenuation; bioremediation; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; decontamination; Elizabeth City North Carolina; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; microorganisms; monitoring; North Carolina; organic compounds; Pasquotank County North Carolina; pollutants; pollution; reclamation; remediation; solvents; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field demonstration of oxygen microbubbles for in situ bioremediation AN - 52326296; 2000-057160 AB - OHM Remediation Services Corp. (OHM) is participating in a USEPA SITE Emerging Technology Demonstration using microbubbles for delivery of oxygen to enhance in situ bioremediation. The process utilizes oxygen microbubbles to treat contaminated soils and groundwater in the saturated zone. The objective of the demonstration was to determine the subsurface oxygen transfer to the groundwater, retention and migration of the microbubbles in the soil matrix, biodegradation of the petroleum hydrocarbons, and the economic feasibility of the technology. Preliminary laboratory and field pilot tests were conducted to determine microbubble production rates, quality, and the feasibility of microbubble migration through the soil. JF - Bioremediation AU - Woodhull, Patrick M AU - Jerger, Douglas E AU - Leigh, Daniel P AU - Lewis, Ronald F AU - Becvar, Erica S AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 141 EP - 146 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - in situ KW - injection KW - bubbles KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - migration of elements KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - saturated zone KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Effect+of+subchronic+corn+oil+gavage+on+the+acute+toxicity+of+orally+administered+bromodichloromethane&rft.au=Lilly%2C+P+D%3BSimmons%2C+JE%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Lilly&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; bubbles; experimental studies; ground water; in situ; injection; laboratory studies; microorganisms; migration of elements; oxygen; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; soils; techniques; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation of explosives in soil and water; engineering studies AN - 52326201; 2000-057078 JF - Bioremediation AU - Medina, Victor F AU - McCutcheon, Steven C AU - Wolfe, N Lee AU - Larsen, Steven L AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 301 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - trinitrotoluene KW - RDX KW - chemical waste KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - remediation KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - explosives KW - phytoremediation KW - nitrate ion KW - kinetics KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation+of+explosives+in+soil+and+water%3B+engineering+studies&rft.au=Medina%2C+Victor+F%3BMcCutcheon%2C+Steven+C%3BWolfe%2C+N+Lee%3BLarsen%2C+Steven+L%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Medina&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical waste; cost; explosives; kinetics; nitrate ion; organic compounds; phytoremediation; pollutants; pollution; RDX; remediation; soil treatment; soils; triazines; trinitrotoluene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of cometabolic bioventing for the in-situ bioremediation of chlorinated solvents AN - 52326171; 2000-057070 JF - Bioremediation AU - Sayles, G D AU - Moser, L E AU - Gannon, D J AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Vogel, Catherine M AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 285 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - metabolites KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Kent County Delaware KW - toluene KW - soil vapor extraction KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - unsaturated zone KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - substrates KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - solvents KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - methane KW - Delaware KW - in situ KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Development+of+cometabolic+bioventing+for+the+in-situ+bioremediation+of+chlorinated+solvents&rft.au=Sayles%2C+G+D%3BMoser%2C+L+E%3BGannon%2C+D+J%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BVogel%2C+Catherine+M%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Sayles&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; bioventing; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; environmental analysis; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; Kent County Delaware; metabolites; methane; microorganisms; military facilities; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; solvents; substrates; toluene; trichloroethylene; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site characterization methods for the design of in-situ electron donor delivery systems AN - 52325774; 2000-057186 AB - The Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have been involved in designing and evaluating a pilot field demonstration of reductive anaerobic biological in-situ treatment technologies (RABITT) for use as a standard remedial technology for chloroethene contamination. Innovative site characterization techniques have been utilized to identify the hydraulics of the site and in particular the vertical distribution of relative hydraulic conductivities. Direct extraction of intact frozen cores has been utilized to determine the vertical distribution of contaminants in the pore spaces and on the solid matrix of site material. The combination of these techniques along with standard site characterization methods has been used the develop a three-dimensional picture of the site with vertical resolutions down to 0.5 ft (15 cm). This information has then been used to evaluate different scenarios for nutrient/electron donor delivery at the site, and when used with appropriate transport and flow codes was used to exclude designs which did not allow for significant mixing of donor and contaminants, or which did not efficiently deliver nutrients/donors to all contaminated zones. It is felt that the use of site characterization data in this manner is critical to the effective and appropriate design and implementation of RABITT and other in-situ treatment technologies. JF - Bioremediation AU - Acree, Steven D AU - Hightower, Mike AU - Ross, Randall R AU - Sewell, Guy W AU - Weesner, Brent AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 261 EP - 266 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - shallow aquifers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - flowmeters KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52325774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Site+characterization+methods+for+the+design+of+in-situ+electron+donor+delivery+systems&rft.au=Acree%2C+Steven+D%3BHightower%2C+Mike%3BRoss%2C+Randall+R%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W%3BWeesner%2C+Brent%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Acree&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; contaminant plumes; decontamination; environmental analysis; flowmeters; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; in situ; nutrients; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; shallow aquifers; three-dimensional models; transport; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of methodologies for cometabolic bioventing treatability studies AN - 52325676; 2000-057077 JF - Bioremediation AU - Moser, L E AU - Sayles, G D AU - Gannon, D J AU - Lee, M D AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Vogel, Catherine M AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 299 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Kent County Delaware KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - soils KW - Delaware KW - soil venting KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52325676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+methodologies+for+cometabolic+bioventing+treatability+studies&rft.au=Moser%2C+L+E%3BSayles%2C+G+D%3BGannon%2C+D+J%3BLee%2C+M+D%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BVogel%2C+Catherine+M%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; bioventing; chlorinated hydrocarbons; cost; decontamination; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; environmental analysis; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Kent County Delaware; microorganisms; military facilities; optimization; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; soil vapor extraction; soil venting; soils; solvents; trichloroethylene; United States; unsaturated zone; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduced bio-availability of lead by a lead-sequestering soil bacterium AN - 52324912; 2000-057099 AB - Our soil isolate CHL004, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Vesper et al., 1996), concentrates lead internally as what is probably lead phosphate. The chemical composition of this phase has been studied using energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDXS) after the organism was grown on Peptone Iron Agar with 1 gm/L of lead nitrate added. Electron microscopy showed that the concentration of ferric ammonium citrate in the medium correlates with both an increase of lead phosphate particles in each organism and in the percentage of organisms which concentrate the lead, when 0.05 %, 0.075 %, 0.175 %, & 0.3 0% of ferric ammonium citrate were evaluated. Thus we believe that the mechanism of lead concentration is through the use of siderophores and is fortuitous. The lead phosphate is formed after five days of incubation at 30 degrees C on Peptone Iron Agar (PIA) media with 1 gm/L of lead nitrate. At four days of incubation an unusually uniform lattice structure can be seen in the organisms using electron microscopy. This structure is not dense enough to determine its chemical composition with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry. However, we believe it to be a precursor to the sequestering of lead phosphate. JF - Bioremediation AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J AU - Brackett, Kim A AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 385 EP - 390 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - dispersivity KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - ammonium ion KW - pollution KW - lead KW - Pseudomonas KW - bioavailability KW - iron KW - ferric iron KW - X-ray data KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - chemical properties KW - reduction KW - nitrate ion KW - chemical composition KW - SEM data KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52324912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Reduced+bio-availability+of+lead+by+a+lead-sequestering+soil+bacterium&rft.au=Davis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J%3BBrackett%2C+Kim+A%3BVesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Davis-Hoover&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium ion; bacteria; bioavailability; chemical composition; chemical properties; concentration; dispersivity; ferric iron; heavy metals; iron; lead; metals; monitoring; nitrate ion; pollutants; pollution; Pseudomonas; reduction; SEM data; soils; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfate-reducing bioprocess to remove metals from acid mine drainage AN - 52324647; 2000-057100 JF - Bioremediation AU - Steed, Vicki S AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Gupta, Munish AU - Miyahara, Takashi AU - Acheson, Carolyn AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 391 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - acid mine drainage KW - sludge KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - dissolved materials KW - decontamination KW - reduction KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52324647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Sulfate-reducing+bioprocess+to+remove+metals+from+acid+mine+drainage&rft.au=Steed%2C+Vicki+S%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BGupta%2C+Munish%3BMiyahara%2C+Takashi%3BAcheson%2C+Carolyn%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Steed&rft.aufirst=Vicki&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; bioremediation; decontamination; dissolved materials; effluents; experimental studies; heavy metals; pollution; reduction; remediation; sludge; sulfate ion; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation field demonstrations in the U. S. EPA site program AN - 52324626; 2000-057086 JF - Bioremediation AU - Rock, Steve AU - Beckman, Scott AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 323 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - hazardous waste KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - research KW - cost KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - phytoremediation KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52324626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation+field+demonstrations+in+the+U.+S.+EPA+site+program&rft.au=Rock%2C+Steve%3BBeckman%2C+Scott%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Rock&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bioremediation; cost; decontamination; government agencies; ground water; hazardous waste; heavy metals; hydrocarbons; monitoring; optimization; organic compounds; petroleum products; phytoremediation; pollutants; pollution; reclamation; remediation; research; risk assessment; toxic materials; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of anaerobic benzene biodegradation AN - 52270998; 2001-012826 JF - Bioremediation AU - Sinclair, James L AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 15 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Patrick Air Force Base KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - Brevard County Florida KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - Cocoa Beach KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52270998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+anaerobic+benzene+biodegradation&rft.au=Sinclair%2C+James+L%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; Brevard County Florida; Cocoa Beach; Florida; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; Patrick Air Force Base; pollutants; pollution; remediation; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic bioventing of PCE AN - 52269360; 2001-012902 JF - Bioremediation AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Mihopoulos, Philip AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 353 EP - 359 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - technology KW - soil vapor extraction KW - PCBs KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - applications KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52269360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+bioventing+of+PCE&rft.au=Sayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BMihopoulos%2C+Philip%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Sayles&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; applications; bioremediation; bioventing; chlorinated hydrocarbons; halogenated hydrocarbons; organic compounds; PCBs; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; soils; technology; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Criteria for selection of intrinsic bioremediation for petroleum hydrocarbon plumes AN - 52266065; 2001-012845 JF - Bioremediation AU - Cho, Jong Soo AU - Wilson, John T AU - Weaver, James W AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 97 EP - 102 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52266065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Criteria+for+selection+of+intrinsic+bioremediation+for+petroleum+hydrocarbon+plumes&rft.au=Cho%2C+Jong+Soo%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BWeaver%2C+James+W%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=Jong&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; BTEX; contaminant plumes; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation demonstration in Wisconsin AN - 52266017; 2001-012846 JF - Bioremediation AU - Yang, Xiaoping AU - Glasser, Howard AU - Stoelting, Ray AU - Barden, Mike AU - Mickelson, George AU - Delwiche, Jim AU - Alvarez, Gilberto AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 103 EP - 108 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - organic compounds KW - natural attenuation KW - hydrocarbons KW - Wisconsin KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52266017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+demonstration+in+Wisconsin&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaoping%3BGlasser%2C+Howard%3BStoelting%2C+Ray%3BBarden%2C+Mike%3BMickelson%2C+George%3BDelwiche%2C+Jim%3BAlvarez%2C+Gilberto%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaoping&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; attenuation; bioremediation; BTEX; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; natural attenuation; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; regulations; remediation; United States; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cooxidation of chlorinated solvents during bioventing of petroleum hydrocarbons AN - 52263824; 2001-012901 JF - Bioremediation AU - Vogel, Catherine M AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Fiorenza, Stephanie AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 347 EP - 351 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - Delaware KW - Kent County Delaware KW - pollutants KW - Dover Delaware KW - soil vapor extraction KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - solvents KW - jet fuel KW - hydrocarbons KW - applications KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52263824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Cooxidation+of+chlorinated+solvents+during+bioventing+of+petroleum+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Vogel%2C+Catherine+M%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BFiorenza%2C+Stephanie%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Vogel&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biodegradation; bioremediation; bioventing; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; Dover Delaware; ground water; hydrocarbons; jet fuel; Kent County Delaware; organic compounds; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; solvents; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate-based bioremediation of JP-4 jet fuel at Eglin AFB, FL; performance evaluation AN - 52251563; 2001-029437 JF - Bioremediation AU - Hutchins, S R AU - Miller, D E AU - Beck, F P AU - Thomas, A AU - Sweed, H G AU - Bedient, P B AU - Thomas, J M AU - Ward, C H AU - Wiesner, M AU - Bantle, J A AU - Williams, S E AU - Willis, G D AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 11 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - technology KW - Okaloosa County Florida KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - applications KW - nitrate ion KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52251563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Nitrate-based+bioremediation+of+JP-4+jet+fuel+at+Eglin+AFB%2C+FL%3B+performance+evaluation&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+S+R%3BMiller%2C+D+E%3BBeck%2C+F+P%3BThomas%2C+A%3BSweed%2C+H+G%3BBedient%2C+P+B%3BThomas%2C+J+M%3BWard%2C+C+H%3BWiesner%2C+M%3BBantle%2C+J+A%3BWilliams%2C+S+E%3BWillis%2C+G+D%3BOuyang%2C+Y%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; bioremediation; Eglin Air Force Base; Florida; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; nitrate ion; Okaloosa County Florida; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; technology; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for foam flotation as part of slurry bioreactor treatment AN - 52249465; 2001-029464 JF - Bioremediation AU - Glaser, John A AU - McCauley, Paul T AU - Dosani, Majid AU - Krishnan, E Radha AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 131 EP - 135 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - soils KW - technology KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons KW - slurries KW - hydrocarbons KW - bioreactors KW - applications KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52249465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+foam+flotation+as+part+of+slurry+bioreactor+treatment&rft.au=Glaser%2C+John+A%3BMcCauley%2C+Paul+T%3BDosani%2C+Majid%3BKrishnan%2C+E+Radha%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioreactors; bioremediation; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollution; polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; slurries; soils; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling transport and biodegradation of trimethylbenzene isomers in a sandy aquifer AN - 52247641; 2001-029439 JF - Bioremediation AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Hill, B M AU - Hutchins, S R AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 19 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - trimethylbenzene KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - applications KW - nitrate ion KW - water resources KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52247641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Modeling+transport+and+biodegradation+of+trimethylbenzene+isomers+in+a+sandy+aquifer&rft.au=Ouyang%2C+Y%3BHill%2C+B+M%3BHutchins%2C+S+R%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Ouyang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; BTEX; hydrocarbons; models; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; solute transport; three-dimensional models; trimethylbenzene; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utilization of slurry bioreactors for contaminated solids treatment; an overview AN - 52245434; 2001-029463 JF - Bioremediation AU - Glaser, John A AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 123 EP - 130 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - soils KW - technology KW - biomass KW - slurries KW - biofilms KW - pollution KW - bioreactors KW - applications KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52245434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Utilization+of+slurry+bioreactors+for+contaminated+solids+treatment%3B+an+overview&rft.au=Glaser%2C+John+A%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biofilms; biomass; bioreactors; bioremediation; ground water; pollution; remediation; slurries; soils; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of temperature and chemical composition on crude oil biodegradation AN - 52240074; 2001-029578 JF - Bioremediation AU - Uraizee, Farooq A AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 663 EP - 668 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - technology KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - crude oil KW - applications KW - chemical composition KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52240074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Effects+of+temperature+and+chemical+composition+on+crude+oil+biodegradation&rft.au=Uraizee%2C+Farooq+A%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Uraizee&rft.aufirst=Farooq&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical composition; crude oil; ground water; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; soils; technology; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dissolution of BTEX and naphthalene from residually trapped hydrocarbons in soils and oily wastes AN - 52206652; 2001-059555 JF - Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection and Remediation Conference AU - Rixey, William G AU - Garg, Sanjay AU - Nie, Yan A2 - Stanley, Anita Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 461 EP - 476 PB - Ground Water Publishing Company, Westerville, OH VL - 1997 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - naphthalene KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - petroleum products KW - solution KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - partition coefficients KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - leachate KW - geochemistry KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52206652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.atitle=Dissolution+of+BTEX+and+naphthalene+from+residually+trapped+hydrocarbons+in+soils+and+oily+wastes&rft.au=Rixey%2C+William+G%3BGarg%2C+Sanjay%3BNie%2C+Yan&rft.aulast=Rixey&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=1997&rft.issue=&rft.spage=461&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Hydrocarbons and organic chemicals in ground water; prevention, detection, and remediation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04977 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; BTEX; concentration; geochemistry; hydrocarbons; leachate; naphthalene; organic compounds; partition coefficients; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; soil treatment; soils; solubility; solution; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental investigation of LNAPL transport in the vadose zone; comparison with hydrocarbon spill screening model AN - 52205777; 2001-059551 JF - Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection and Remediation Conference AU - Simpson, Michele M AU - Wilson, Clinton S AU - Weaver, James W AU - Charbeneau, Randall A2 - Stanley, Anita Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 410 EP - 424 PB - Ground Water Publishing Company, Westerville, OH VL - 1997 KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - light nonaqueous phase liquids KW - environmental analysis KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - water table KW - transport KW - oil spills KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52205777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.atitle=Experimental+investigation+of+LNAPL+transport+in+the+vadose+zone%3B+comparison+with+hydrocarbon+spill+screening+model&rft.au=Simpson%2C+Michele+M%3BWilson%2C+Clinton+S%3BWeaver%2C+James+W%3BCharbeneau%2C+Randall&rft.aulast=Simpson&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=1997&rft.issue=&rft.spage=410&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Hydrocarbons and organic chemicals in ground water; prevention, detection, and remediation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04977 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; environmental analysis; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; light nonaqueous phase liquids; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; oil spills; pollutants; pollution; pore water; transport; two-dimensional models; unsaturated zone; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Electrokinetics soil remediation; mobilization and transport of trichloroethylene (TCE) AN - 51807499; 2004-068139 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Al-Abed, Souhail R AU - Chen, Jiann-Long AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 273 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - electrokinetics KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - mass balance KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - dichloroethane KW - mobility KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51807499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Electrokinetics+soil+remediation%3B+mobilization+and+transport+of+trichloroethylene+%28TCE%29&rft.au=Al-Abed%2C+Souhail+R%3BChen%2C+Jiann-Long%3BVesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Al-Abed&rft.aufirst=Souhail&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; degradation; dichloroethane; electrokinetics; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; mass balance; mathematical models; mobility; organic compounds; permeability; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soils; transport; trichloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional, vector-based, physically-based, distributed watershed hydrological dynamic simulation; an introduction to the methodologies of the Object Watershed Link Simulation (OWLS) model AN - 51807398; 2004-068101 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Chen, Huaisheng AU - Beschta, Robert L AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - Norton, Stephen A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 265 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 78 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - three-dimensional models KW - watersheds KW - Bear Brook watershed KW - calibration KW - water balance KW - simulation KW - Object Watershed Link Simulation KW - models KW - visualization KW - floods KW - OWLS KW - Maine KW - dynamic properties KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51807398?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional%2C+vector-based%2C+physically-based%2C+distributed+watershed+hydrological+dynamic+simulation%3B+an+introduction+to+the+methodologies+of+the+Object+Watershed+Link+Simulation+%28OWLS%29+model&rft.au=Chen%2C+Huaisheng%3BBeschta%2C+Robert+L%3BWigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BNorton%2C+Stephen+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Huaisheng&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1997 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bear Brook watershed; calibration; dynamic properties; floods; hydrology; Maine; models; Object Watershed Link Simulation; OWLS; simulation; soils; three-dimensional models; United States; visualization; water balance; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCBs in the Detroit River water column AN - 51537874; 2006-074740 AB - Water samples (60 to 190 L) were taken from the Trenton Channel portion of the Detroit River during eight sampling events from March to October 1995, and in May 1996. Samples were filtered on-site or at the field-lab to retain the suspended particulates. Some of the samples were passed through XAD-2 columns to extract dissolved PCBs, depending on total sample volume and logistical considerations. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in both the particulate and dissolved fractions. Concentrations ranged from 5 to 13 ng/L in the dissolved fractions. The average ratio of dissolved PCB concentration to particle-bound PCB concentration was 0.6; the calculated average total PCB concentration was 17 ng/L. Annual mass transport of PCBs through the Trenton Channel in 1995 was estimated to be 600 kg, with potential point sources along the west shore of the channel contributing less than 1.5% of the total mass of PCBs. A general seasonal trend was observed, with lowest PCB concentrations in March and greatest in July. Concentrations following a significant rainfall increased within the first 24 hr and decreased to approximate ambient levels after 96 hr. In general, PCB concentrations appear to be greater downstream than upstream, however, this trend was reversed for Day-1 of the rainfall events, perhaps due to greater particulate loading from upstream of the channel. Potential point-sources from industrial or municipal waste-water treatment outfalls showed PCB concentrations up to a factor of 4 greater than those from the transects in the channel. However, the annual loading of PCBs to the channel from these sources was small (>2%) compared to the mass transported through the channel. Dissolved concentrations of PCBs determined by C (sub 18) Empore disks were 4.7-fold greater than those determined by XAD-2 (s.d. = 1.5, n = 4). Further investigations validating this finding are necessary. For this reason, comparisons among different studies must be done with caution. JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Froese, Kenneth L AU - Verbrugge, David A AU - Snyder, Shane A AU - Tilton, Fred AU - Tuchman, Marc AU - Ostaszewski, Art AU - Giesy, John P Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 440 EP - 449 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 23 IS - 4 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - hydrology KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - North America KW - concentration KW - Lake Erie KW - rainfall KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - organic compounds KW - Detroit River KW - transport KW - dissolved materials KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - seasonal variations KW - particulate materials KW - pesticides KW - fluvial environment KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51537874?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=PCBs+in+the+Detroit+River+water+column&rft.au=Froese%2C+Kenneth+L%3BVerbrugge%2C+David+A%3BSnyder%2C+Shane+A%3BTilton%2C+Fred%3BTuchman%2C+Marc%3BOstaszewski%2C+Art%3BGiesy%2C+John+P&rft.aulast=Froese&rft.aufirst=Kenneth&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.iaglr.org/jglr/journal.php LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; Detroit River; dissolved materials; fluvial environment; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrology; Lake Erie; North America; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; particulate materials; PCBs; pesticides; point sources; pollutants; pollution; rainfall; seasonal variations; surface water; transport; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sedimentary records of biomass burning AN - 51178956; 2001-027600 JF - NATO ASI Series. Series I: Global Environmental Change AU - Zepp, Richard G AU - Macko, Stephen A A2 - Clark, James S. A2 - Cachier, Helene A2 - Goldammer, Johann G. A2 - Stocks, Brian Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 145 EP - 166 PB - Springer Verlag, Berlin VL - 51 SN - 1431-7125, 1431-7125 KW - cycles KW - biomass KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - effects KW - ecosystems KW - fires KW - organic compounds KW - dynamics KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - ecology KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51178956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NATO+ASI+Series.+Series+I%3A+Global+Environmental+Change&rft.atitle=Polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+sedimentary+records+of+biomass+burning&rft.au=Zepp%2C+Richard+G%3BMacko%2C+Stephen+A&rft.aulast=Zepp&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=3540624341&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NATO+ASI+Series.+Series+I%3A+Global+Environmental+Change&rft.issn=14317125&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - NATO Advanced Study Institute "biomass burning emissions and global change" N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 85 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; biochemistry; biomass; cycles; dynamics; ecology; ecosystems; effects; fires; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground water and the Safe Drinking Water Act amendments of 1996 AN - 51049837; 1997-037459 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Job, Charles Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 49 EP - 51 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - United States KW - protection KW - regulations KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - decontamination KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - water resources KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51049837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Ground+water+and+the+Safe+Drinking+Water+Act+amendments+of+1996&rft.au=Job%2C+Charles&rft.aulast=Job&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; changes; decision-making; decontamination; drinking water; ground water; legislation; policy; pollution; protection; regulations; remediation; risk assessment; Safe Drinking Water Act; United States; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - History of the Sole Source Aquifer Program; a community based approach for protecting aquifers used for drinking water supply AN - 51044363; 1998-002191 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - McCabe, William J AU - Job, Charles A AU - Simons, John J AU - Graves, John S AU - Terada, Calvin J Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 78 EP - 86 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - water use KW - United States KW - protection KW - programs KW - Idaho KW - regulations KW - public policy KW - water management KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - potability KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - conservation KW - Sole Source Aquifer Program KW - risk assessment KW - New Jersey KW - water rights KW - water resources KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51044363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=History+of+the+Sole+Source+Aquifer+Program%3B+a+community+based+approach+for+protecting+aquifers+used+for+drinking+water+supply&rft.au=McCabe%2C+William+J%3BJob%2C+Charles+A%3BSimons%2C+John+J%3BGraves%2C+John+S%3BTerada%2C+Calvin+J&rft.aulast=McCabe&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; case studies; conservation; drinking water; ground water; Idaho; New Jersey; Ohio; pollution; potability; programs; protection; public policy; regulations; risk assessment; Sole Source Aquifer Program; United States; water management; water resources; water rights; water use ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Hyde Park Landfill; a case history AN - 50282484; 2005-076966 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Sosa, Gloria M AU - Peterson, Gary L Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 150 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 40 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - chlorobenzene KW - contaminant plumes KW - landfills KW - remediation KW - spatial distribution KW - Niagara Falls KW - Hyde Park Landfill KW - trichlorophenol KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - bedrock KW - North America KW - overburden KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Niagara County New York KW - pollution KW - dioxins KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - history KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50282484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=The+Hyde+Park+Landfill%3B+a+case+history&rft.au=Sosa%2C+Gloria+M%3BPeterson%2C+Gary+L&rft.aulast=Sosa&rft.aufirst=Gloria&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 40th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; chlorinated hydrocarbons; chlorobenzene; contaminant plumes; dioxins; halogenated hydrocarbons; history; Hyde Park Landfill; landfills; monitoring; New York; Niagara County New York; Niagara Falls; nonaqueous phase liquids; North America; organic compounds; overburden; pollutants; pollution; remediation; spatial distribution; trichlorophenol; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analytical model for nonlinear absorptive transport through layered soils AN - 50166132; 1997-020174 AB - Solute transport with nonlinear adsorption occurs in many situations involving inorganic chemical and metal contamination in soil and groundwater systems. The resulting isotherms can be highly nonlinear, and numerical solutions of the transport equation can encounter severe convergence difficulties. An analytical solution is developed for simulating one-dimensional transport in the layered soil column with nonlinear adsorption effects. The analytical solution is an exact solution for nondispersive transport and becomes an approximate one when dispersion effects are included. The accuracy of the solution has been examined using a numerical model under advection-dominated conditions. The derived analytical solution can be used for any form of nonlinear sorption isotherms given as closed-form functions, or tabulated data, with a general time-dependent source boundary condition. The heterogeneity of soils is handled by treating the soil column as a layered system. The resulting analytical model is suitable for estimating the leaching potential of metals or other solutes in the subsurface and for determining travel times of contaminants. Our analysis shows that the shape and nonlinearity of the sorption isotherm may have a controlling influence on transport behavior. Evaluation and application examples are provided to demonstrate applicability of the solution to solute and metal transport with both functional and tabular nonlinear isotherms. Copyright 1997 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Wu, Y S AU - Kool, J B AU - Huyakorn, P S AU - Saleem, Z A Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - January 1997 SP - 21 EP - 29 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - sorption KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - one-dimensional models KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - simulation KW - layered materials KW - inorganic materials KW - models KW - heterogeneous materials KW - metals KW - hydrodynamics KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50166132?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=An+analytical+model+for+nonlinear+absorptive+transport+through+layered+soils&rft.au=Wu%2C+Y+S%3BKool%2C+J+B%3BHuyakorn%2C+P+S%3BSaleem%2C+Z+A&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F96WR02716 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; heterogeneous materials; hydrodynamics; inorganic materials; layered materials; leaching; metals; models; numerical models; one-dimensional models; pollutants; pollution; simulation; soils; solute transport; sorption DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96WR02716 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrochemistry of forested catchments AN - 17412919; 4638270 AB - The pathways that water may take through a catchment and its reactions with organisms and soils are myriad and ever varying. A promising means to unraveling the mystery of watershed hydrochemistry is the study of "small" catchments, yet the hydrochemical function of even the smallest of catchments involves an amazingly intricate web of flowpaths and biogeochemical processes. Monitoring of catchments and comparison of their inputs to their outputs yields clues to their workings. Manipulation of catchments offers some means of "controlled" experimentation as to their nature. Modeling of catchment hydrochemical response attempts to put it all together. Every forested catchment is individual in its structure and hydrochemical response, yet a select, carefully studied few often are drafted to serve as representatives in assessments of responses to environmental influences or perturbations (e.g. acid rain). Many factors must be considered in such extrapolations. Studies of forested catchments often are driven by environmental concerns and thus fluctuate accordingly as to their location and intensity. Despite such fluctuations, the future of the field is clear and bright. Much has been learned as a result of recent studies, not only of what to think about catchment function but, more importantly, how to think about it. JF - Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences AU - Church, M R AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 23 EP - 59 VL - 25 SN - 0084-6597, 0084-6597 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - Soil Chemistry KW - Geochemistry KW - Catchment Areas KW - Forests KW - Hydrology KW - Watersheds KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17412919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Earth+and+Planetary+Sciences&rft.atitle=Hydrochemistry+of+forested+catchments&rft.au=Church%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Earth+and+Planetary+Sciences&rft.issn=00846597&rft_id=info:doi/10.1146%2Fannurev.earth.25.1.23 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Catchment Areas; Hydrology; Geochemistry; Watersheds; Soil Chemistry; Forests DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.earth.25.1.23 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of elevated metals on benthic community metabolism in a Rocky Mountain stream AN - 17126961; 4430943 AB - The effects of elevated metals (dissolved Zn, Mn and/or Fe) in a Rocky Mountain stream were assessed using measures of primary productivity, community respiration and water-column toxicity. Primary productivity was measured as rates of O sub(2) evolution from natural substrates incubated in situ in closed chambers. Oxygen depletion within these chambers, when incubated in the dark, provided estimates of periphyton community respiration. Sediment community respiration on fine-grained sediments, collected and composited along each stream study reach, was measured on-site by incubating these sediments in closed chambers and measuring O sub(2) depletion. Toxicity was measured as percent mortality of Ceriodaphnia dubia during 48 h acute tests. Gross (GPP) and net primary productivity (NPP) decreased significantly with increasing metal concentrations, from 10.88 plus or minus 1.46 g O sub(2) m super(-2) day super(-1) to 0.83 plus or minus 0.20 g O sub(2) m super(-2) day super(-1) and 9.85 plus or minus 1.43 g O sub(2) m super(-2) day super(-1) to 0.81 plus or minus 0.20 g O sub(2) m super(-2) day super(-1), respectively for the reference and most impacted site. Community respiration (CR) declined from 0.65 plus or minus 0.08 g O sub(2) m super(-2) day super(-1) to 0.02 plus or minus 0.01 g O sub(2) m super(-2) day super(-1) with increasing metal concentrations. Sediment community respiration (SCR) decreased from 0.26 plus or minus 0.02 g O sub(2) m super(-2) day super(-1) to 0.01 plus or minus 0.01 g O sub(2) m super(-2) day super(-1) at these same sites. Ceriodaphnia dubia mortality increased from 0% at the reference site to 95 plus or minus 5% at the most impacted sites. Net daily metabolism, quantum yield and assimilation ratio all decreased with increasing metal concentrations, suggesting that both autotrophic and heterotrophic components of the periphyton community were impaired. Overall, functional measures were able to discern sites receiving greater metal impacts from lessimpacted sites, with combinations of dissolved metals explaining between 25 and 92% of the variance in the regression models. Using these regression models we were able to calculate lethal and inhibition concentrations of dissolved Zn in the Eagle River. The lethal concentration (LC sub(50)) of Zn for Ceriodaphnia dubia is 123 mg liter super(-1). The concentrations of Zn which inhibited respiration (IC sub(50)) were 177 mg liter super(-1) for CR and 199 mg liter super(-1) for SCR. These results indicate functional measures may be as sensitive to metal concentrations as acute toxicity tests. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Hill, B H AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - McCormick, F H AU - Willingham, W T AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 26W Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 183 EP - 190 VL - 95 IS - 2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - USA, Colorado KW - iron KW - manganese KW - mortality KW - oxygen KW - periphyton KW - primary production KW - respiration KW - streams KW - zinc KW - zoobenthos KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - Primary production KW - Toxicity tests KW - Biota KW - Aquatic communities KW - Manganese KW - Freshwater pollution KW - Rivers KW - Metals KW - USA, Colorado, Eagle R. KW - Oxygen KW - Periphyton KW - Iron KW - Benthos KW - Respiration KW - Pollution effects KW - Stream pollution KW - Streams KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - Freshwater crustaceans KW - Zinc KW - Mortality KW - Sediment pollution KW - Crustacea KW - Toxicity KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17126961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+elevated+metals+on+benthic+community+metabolism+in+a+Rocky+Mountain+stream&rft.au=Hill%2C+B+H%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BMcCormick%2C+F+H%3BWillingham%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=95&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Rivers; Sediment pollution; Mortality; Metals; Respiration; Pollution effects; Toxicity; Toxicity tests; Primary production; Streams; Oxygen; Biota; Aquatic communities; Zinc; Freshwater crustaceans; Periphyton; Manganese; Iron; Freshwater pollution; Benthos; Stream pollution; Ceriodaphnia dubia; Crustacea; USA, Colorado, Eagle R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inter-species conversion equations for predicting the toxicity of non-polar narcotic chemicals to Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia AN - 17100158; 4403865 AB - The lack of aquatic toxicity data for native species continues to be a major limitation to conducting hazard and risk assessments in Australia. Relationships were therefore developed that could predict the toxicity of non-polar narcotic chemicals to the Australian cladoceran Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia using toxicity data for overseas species. Such relationships, called inter-species conversion equations or quantitative activity-activity relationships (QAARs), used toxicity data for non-polar narcotic chemicals to a cladoceran (Daphnia magna), two fish (Poecilia reticulata, Pimephales promelas), and a marine bacterium (Vibrio fischeri). All four QAARs were of high quality having coefficients of determination greater than 0.84. Validation studies indicated that the P. reticulata, D. magna, V. fischeri and P. promelas QAARs could predict the toxicity of non-polar narcotics with mean absolute percentage errors between experimental toxicity values and those predicted by the QAARs of approximately 20 to 50%. The QAARs provide an easy, cost-effective and accurate means of estimating the toxicity of non-polar narcotic chemicals to C. cf. dubia. Similar relationships could be developed to predict the toxicity of a wide range of chemicals to different native organisms. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Rose, R M AU - Warne, MSJ AU - Lim, R P AD - Ecotoxicology Section, NSW Environment Protection Authority, EPA/UTS Centre for Ecotoxicology, University of Technology, Sydney, Westbourne St, Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia, warnempa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - Jan 1997 SP - 75 EP - 83 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - Daphnia magna KW - Fathead minnow KW - Guppy KW - Pimephales promelas KW - Poecilia reticulata KW - Vibrio fischeri KW - quantitative activity-activity relationships KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Pollution effects KW - Toxicity tests KW - Freshwater crustaceans KW - Chemical pollution KW - Ceriodaphnia KW - Narcotics KW - Marine pollution KW - Toxicity testing KW - Q1 08286:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17100158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Inter-species+conversion+equations+for+predicting+the+toxicity+of+non-polar+narcotic+chemicals+to+Ceriodaphnia+cf.+dubia&rft.au=Rose%2C+R+M%3BWarne%2C+MSJ%3BLim%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquatic organisms; Marine pollution; Freshwater crustaceans; Pollution effects; Narcotics; Chemical pollution; Toxicity tests; Risk assessment; Toxicity testing; Ceriodaphnia dubia; Poecilia reticulata; Pimephales promelas; Daphnia magna; Vibrio fischeri; Ceriodaphnia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simultaneous determination of chromate and aromatic hydrocarbons in environmental samples by capillary electrophoresis AN - 16535725; 4413989 AB - An analytical method was developed to determine simultaneously, the inorganic anion CrO super(2) sub(4) super(-), and organic aromatic compounds including benzoate, 2-Cl-benzoate, phenol, m-cresol and o-/p-cresol by capillary electrophoresis (CE). Chromate and the aromatics were separated in a relatively short time with the use of a tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) modified buffer solution. The detection limits of all the analytes were in the sub mg/L level with the consumption of a very small volume of sample (<0.06 mu L). Calibration curves with high regression coefficient (r super(2)) values (0.999-1.000) were obtained within two orders of magnitude of concentrations. Factors affecting the separation and the determination of chromate and the organic aromatics, such as the buffer electrolyte concentration, the voltage applied and the TTAB concentration, were investigated. The effect of TTAB on the direction and the magnitude of the electroosmotic flow (EOF) was also discussed. A study of the microbial catalyzed chromate reduction coupled with benzoate oxidation demonstrated the application potential of the proposed method. JF - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry AU - Xu, N AU - Shen, H AU - Sewell, G W AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Subsurface Protection and Remediation Division, P. O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74821, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 175 EP - 189 VL - 66 IS - 3 SN - 0306-7319, 0306-7319 KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16535725?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Simultaneous+determination+of+chromate+and+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+environmental+samples+by+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.au=Xu%2C+N%3BShen%2C+H%3BSewell%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Xu&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=03067319&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nonlinearities in concentration x time relationships: Implications for risk assessors AN - 16533375; 4308442 AB - Health agencies often are charged with assessing and addressing the public health consequences of pollution exposure. Limitations in toxicological and exposure data lead to various extrapolations from animal studies to humans and from one exposure scenario to another. "Haber's Law" is implicit in some extrapolations; it assumes all equal products of concentration and time produce an equal toxic response. Studies in animals and human clinical settings illustrate that this "law" is not always true, particularly for short exposure durations. These results have significant implications for how exposure standards are established and for collection of exposure and toxicological data. JF - Comments on Toxicology AU - Vandenberg, J J AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 117 EP - 124 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 0886-5140, 0886-5140 KW - Haber's Law KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Toxicity testing KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16533375?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comments+on+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Nonlinearities+in+concentration+x+time+relationships%3A+Implications+for+risk+assessors&rft.au=Vandenberg%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Vandenberg&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comments+on+Toxicology&rft.issn=08865140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: The cost of being linear in a nonlinear world. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Toxicity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implementation of natural attenuation at a JP-4 jet fuel release after active remediation AN - 16447837; 4343991 AB - After eighteen months of active remediation at a JP-4 jet-fuel spill, a residual of unremediated hydrocarbon remained. Further site characterization was conducted to evaluate the contribution of natural attenuation to control exposure to hazards associated with the residual contamination in the subsurface. Activities included the detailed characterization of ground-water flow through the spill; the distribution of fuel contaminants in groundwater; and the analysis of soluble electron acceptors moving into the spill from upgradient. These activities allowed a rigorous evaluation of the transport of contaminants from the spill to the receptor of groundwater, the Pasquotank River. The transport of dissolved contaminants of concern, that is benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, xylene isomers (BTEX) and methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), into the river from the source area was controlled by equilibrium dissolution from the fuel spill to the adjacent groundwater, diffusion in groundwater from the spill to permeable layers in the aquifer, and advective transport in the permeable layers. The estimated yearly loading of BTEX compounds and MTBE into the receptor was trivial even without considering biological degradation. The biodegradation of hydrocarbon dissolved in groundwater through aerobic respiration, denitrification, sulfate reduction, and iron reduction was estimated from changes in ground-water chemistry along the flow path. The concentrations of target components in permanent monitoring wells continue to decline over time. Long term monitoring will ensure that the plume is under control, and no further active remediation is required. JF - Biodegradation AU - Cho, Jong Soo AU - Wilson, J T AU - DiGiulio, D C AU - Vardy, JA AU - Choi, Woohee AD - US EPA, NRMRL, SPRD, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 265 EP - 273 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0923-9820, 0923-9820 KW - fuels KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16447837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodegradation&rft.atitle=Implementation+of+natural+attenuation+at+a+JP-4+jet+fuel+release+after+active+remediation&rft.au=Cho%2C+Jong+Soo%3BWilson%2C+J+T%3BDiGiulio%2C+D+C%3BVardy%2C+JA%3BChoi%2C+Woohee&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=Jong&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodegradation&rft.issn=09239820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Geosynthetic clay liners - Slope stability field study AN - 16402156; 4286287 AB - A field research project was developed to examine the internal shear performance of geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs). Several combinations of cross sections were assembled using GCL materials that were available at the time of project initiation. The cross sections utilized were intended to simulate landfill cover applications. Thirteen resulting test plots were constructed on two different slope angles, and each plot is instrumented for physical displacement and soil moisture characteristics. Test plots were constructed in a manner that dictated the shear plane in the clay portion of the GCL product. The project purpose is to assess field performance and to verify design parameters associated with the application of GCLs in waste containment applications. Interim research data shows that test slopes on 2H:1V show global deformation, but little internal shear evidence, and the 3H:1V slopes show little deformation at approximately 650 days. The research is ongoing, and this paper presents the most recent information available from the project. JF - Land Contamination & Reclamation AU - Carson, DA AU - Daniel, DE AU - Koerner, R M AU - Bonaparte, R Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 247 EP - 252 PB - EPP Publications VL - 5 IS - 3 KW - geosynthetic clay linings KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16402156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Land+Contamination+%26+Reclamation&rft.atitle=Geosynthetic+clay+liners+-+Slope+stability+field+study&rft.au=Carson%2C+DA%3BDaniel%2C+DE%3BKoerner%2C+R+M%3BBonaparte%2C+R&rft.aulast=Carson&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Land+Contamination+%26+Reclamation&rft.issn=09670513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of acid-sulphate soil leachate and aluminium to the embryos and larvae of Australian bass (Macquaria novemaculeata) in estuarine water AN - 16327080; 4258872 AB - The toxicity of leachate water from acid-sulphate soil to the early life stages of Australian bass, Macquaria novemaculeata, incubated in seawater was evaluated. Acid-sulphate soil leachate water (pH greater than or equal to 6.8) delayed the hatching of fertilised eggs, but after 48 h the per cent hatching was normal. In comparison, acidic saline water (25% salinity) at pH 4.0 or less prevented embryos from hatching. The survival of yolk-sac larvae exposed to acid-sulphate soil leachate water at a concentration of 32% in seawater and an initial pH of 7.2, was significantly different to controls after 96 hours. In corresponding tests with only acidified saline water (20ppt salinity), pH levels equal to or below 5.0 killed yolk-sac larvae after 96 h exposure. Aluminium showed a pH dependent toxicity to yolk-sac larvae, with added aluminium as low as 200 mu g litre super(-1) having a significant effect on larval survival at pH 5.5, and concentrations of 600-800 mu g litre super(-1) having a significant effect on larval survival at an initial pH range of 6.0 < pH < 6.8. It was concluded that significant mortality of the early life stages of Australian bass would occur if they are exposed to acid-sulphate soil leachate that results in a pH in the receiving estuarine water below 5.5, or when the pH is below 6.8 and aluminium is present at a total concentration of 800 mu g litre super(-1) or greater. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Hyne, R V AU - Wilson, S P AD - Ecotoxicology Section, Environment Protection Authority NSW, at EPA/UTS Centre for Ecotoxicology, University of Technology - Sydney, Westbourne St., Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia, HyneRore1.epa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 221 EP - 227 VL - 97 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Macquaria novemaculeata KW - aluminum KW - sulfate KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Sulfates KW - Embryonic growth stage KW - Toxicity tests KW - Eggs KW - Soil KW - Embryos KW - Acidity KW - pH KW - Estuaries KW - Larvae KW - Brackish KW - Larval growth stage KW - Population exposure KW - Toxicity testing KW - Survival KW - Fish larvae KW - Bass KW - Salinity effects KW - Hydrogen ion concentration KW - Water pollution effects KW - Toxicity KW - Aluminium KW - Aluminum KW - Marine organisms KW - Leachates KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24161:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16327080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+acid-sulphate+soil+leachate+and+aluminium+to+the+embryos+and+larvae+of+Australian+bass+%28Macquaria+novemaculeata%29+in+estuarine+water&rft.au=Hyne%2C+R+V%3BWilson%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Hyne&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Hydrogen ion concentration; Estuaries; Larvae; Survival; Water pollution effects; Toxicity; Fish larvae; Toxicity tests; Eggs; Salinity effects; Aluminum; Aluminium; Marine organisms; Embryos; Acidity; pH; Sulfates; Soil; Toxicity testing; Leachates; Embryonic growth stage; Larval growth stage; Bass; Population exposure; Macquaria novemaculeata; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanism-based structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis of carcinogenic potential of 30 NTP test chemicals AN - 16322277; 4251614 AB - Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis is generally regarded as an essential tool in the research and development of new industrial, agricultural and pharmaceutical chemicals and the critical first line of approach in the hazard evaluation of chemicals. Under the Premanufacturing Notification (PMN) Program of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Section 5 of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, mechanism-based SAR analysis has been effectively used by the Agency's Structure Activity Team in the initial hazard assessment of new chemicals with little or minimal toxicity data. An expert system to mimic the thinking and reasoning processes of human experts in the prediction of carcinogenic potential of chemicals has been developed. As a part of our continuing efforts to evaluate the performance of our predictive methods, we have participated** in the second National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences/National Toxicology Program (NIEHS/NTP) prediction toxicology evaluation experiment. In this review, we present a brief overview of the basic principles, structural and functional criteria in the mechanism-based SAR analysis, and the results and rationale of our prediction of the outcomes of the 30 NTP chemicals currently being tested. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C: Environmental Carcinogenesis and Ecotoxicology Reviews AU - Woo, Yin-tak AU - Lai, D AU - Arcos, J AU - Argus, M AU - Cimino, M AU - DeVito, S AU - Keifer, L AD - Risk Assessment Division (7403), Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 139 EP - 160 VL - C15 IS - 2 SN - 1059-0501, 1059-0501 KW - structure-activity relationships KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16322277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.atitle=Mechanism-based+structure-activity+relationship+%28SAR%29+analysis+of+carcinogenic+potential+of+30+NTP+test+chemicals&rft.au=Woo%2C+Yin-tak%3BLai%2C+D%3BArcos%2C+J%3BArgus%2C+M%3BCimino%2C+M%3BDeVito%2C+S%3BKeifer%2C+L&rft.aulast=Woo&rft.aufirst=Yin-tak&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=C15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.issn=10590501&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Glutathione S-transferase-mediated induction of GC arrow right AT transitions by halomethanes in Salmonella AN - 16272714; 4261183 AB - Halomethanes are among the most common mutagenic and carcinogenic disinfection by-products present in the volatile/semivolatile fraction of chlorinated drinking water. Recent studies have demonstrated that the mutagenicity of dichloromethane (CH sub(2)Cl sub(2)) and bromodichloromethane (BrCHCl sub(2)) can be mediated by a theta-class glutathione S-transferase (GSTT1-1). These studies used strain RSJ100 of Salmonella, which is a derivative of the base-substitution strain TA1535 (hisG46, rfa, Delta uvrB), into which has been cloned the GSTT1-1 gene from rat. In the present report, we have extended these studies by demonstrating that the mutagenicity of two additional brominated trihalomethanes, bromoform (CHBr sub(3)) and chlorodibromomethane (ClCHBr sub(2)), are also mediated by GSTT1-1 in RSJ100. Using a Tedlar bag vaporization technique, the mutagenic potencies (revertants/ppm) for these two compounds as well as the compounds tested previously rank as follows: CHBr sub(3) approximately ClCHBr sub(2) > BrCHCl sub(2) approximately CH sub(2)Cl sub(2). To explore the mutational mechanism, we determined the mutation spectra of all four halomethanes at the hisG46 allele by performing colony probe hybridizations of similar to 100 revertants induced by each compound. The majority (96-100%) of the mutations were GC arrow right AT transitions, and 87-100% of these were at the second position of the CCC/GGG target. In contrast, only 15% of mutants induced by CH sub(2)Cl sub(2) were GC arrow right AT transitions in the absence of the GSTT1-1 gene in strain TA100 (a homologue of TA1535 containing the plasmid pKM101). The ability of GSTT1-1 to mediate the mutagenicity of these di- and trihalomethanes and the induction of almost exclusively GC arrow right AT transitions by these compounds suggest that these halomethanes are activated by similar pathways in RSJ100, possibly through similar reactive intermediates. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to previous experimental work on the GST-mediated bioactivation of dihalomethanes, which includes the possible formation of GSH intermediates and/or GSH-DNA adducts. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Shelton, M L AU - Warren, SH AU - Ross, T M AU - Shim, Joong-Youn AU - Richard, A M AU - Pegram, R A AD - U.S. EPA, MD-68, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA, demarini.david@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 440 EP - 447 VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - bromodichloromethane KW - bromoform KW - chlorodibromomethane KW - dichloromethane KW - methylene chloride KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16272714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Glutathione+S-transferase-mediated+induction+of+GC+arrow+right+AT+transitions+by+halomethanes+in+Salmonella&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BWarren%2C+SH%3BRoss%2C+T+M%3BShim%2C+Joong-Youn%3BRichard%2C+A+M%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of HPLC-fractionated urinary metabolites from 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene-treated Fischer 344 rats AN - 16250689; 4233394 AB - The production and storage of explosives has resulted in the environmental accumulation of the mutagen 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT). In order to characterize the production of mutagenic urinary metabolites, 6-week old male Fischer 344 rats were administered 75 mg of TNT/kg or DMSO vehicle by gavage. The animals were placed into metabolism cages, and urine was collected for 24 hr. Following filtration, metabolites in the urine were deconjugated with sulfatase and beta -glucuronidase and concentrated by solid phase extraction. The eluate was fractionated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using acetonitrile /water, and the fractions were solvent exchanged in DMSO by nitrogen evaporation. Each HPLC fraction was bioassayed in strains TA98, TA98NR, TA100, and TA100NR without metabolic activation using a microsuspension modification of the Salmonella histidine reversion assay. Fractions 3, 5-18, 21, 22, and 24-26 contained mutagens detected by strain TA98. In the nitroreductase-deficient strain TA98NR, some mutagenic activity was lost; however, fractions 3, 6, 9-11, 15, and 25 clearly contained direct-acting mutagens. Fewer fractions were positive in strain TA100 (9-16, 19, 20, and 25) with less activity observed in the nitro-reductase deficient strain TA100NR (fractions 3, 12, 14, 15, and 25). Although some mutagenic activity coeluted with known TNT metabolite standards, there were still many unidentified mutagenic peaks. JF - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AU - Brooks, L R AU - Jacobson, R W AU - Warren, SH AU - Kohan, MJ AU - Donnelly, K C AU - George, SE AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, MD-68, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 298 EP - 302 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene KW - 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene KW - mutagenicity KW - rats KW - urine KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16250689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+HPLC-fractionated+urinary+metabolites+from+2%2C4%2C6-trinitrotoluene-treated+Fischer+344+rats&rft.au=Brooks%2C+L+R%3BJacobson%2C+R+W%3BWarren%2C+SH%3BKohan%2C+MJ%3BDonnelly%2C+K+C%3BGeorge%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Brooks&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+Molecular+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effectiveness and restoration potential of riparian ecotones for the management of nonpoint source pollution, particularly nitrate AN - 16249937; 4232490 AB - The interface found where rivers meet terrestrial systems is an ecotone that has a profound influence on the movement of water and waterborne contaminants. Maintaining or restoring ecotone functions and characteristics such as natural near stream vegetation and channel morphology are important means to safeguard water quality in agricultural landscapes. A riparian buffer zone of 20 to 30 m width can remove up to 100% of incoming nitrate. Denitrification is the major pathway of removal and rates depend on nitrate loadings, carbon availability, and hydrology. Denitrification occurs throughout the year as long as subsurface hydrology is intact, whereas plant uptake of nitrogen is limited to seasonal removal. Nitrate removal is favored in forested areas with subsurface flow and is less in grassed areas with surface flow. The balance between surface and subsurface flows and the redox conditions that result are critical to nitrate removal in riparian ecotones. Surface retention of nutrients and sediment is a function of slope length and gradient, vegetation density, and flow rates. Plant communities play a major role in nitrogen cycling by acting as a source of carbon for denitrifying bacteria, direct uptake of nutrients, and creating oxidized rhizospheres where nitrification can occur. Restoration of riparian zones requires knowledge of the area's hydrology and ecology, as well as clear goals for the project. Restoration of riparian zones for water quality improvement may provide higher economic benefits than allocating the same land to crops. While it is possible to restore the functions of natural floodplain systems, existing restoration techniques are in their infancy and success cannot be guaranteed, especially given the extent of hydrological modification that has occurred in most developed countries. JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Fennessy AU - Cronk, J K AD - Ohio EPA, 1800 WaterMark Drive, Columbus, OH, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 285 EP - 317 PB - CRC Press VL - 27 IS - 4 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - buffers KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Habitat improvement (chemical) KW - Forests KW - Habitat improvement (physical) KW - Topographic effects KW - Vegetation cover KW - Geomorphology KW - Denitrification KW - Riparian environments KW - Ecosystem management KW - Hydrology KW - Nitrates KW - Riparian waters KW - Nonpoint pollution sources KW - Nonpoint pollution KW - Water pollution control KW - Water quality control KW - Flood plains KW - Environmental restoration KW - Environment management KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16249937?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=The+effectiveness+and+restoration+potential+of+riparian+ecotones+for+the+management+of+nonpoint+source+pollution%2C+particularly+nitrate&rft.au=Fennessy%3BCronk%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Fennessy&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Habitat improvement (chemical); Nitrates; Forests; Habitat improvement (physical); Topographic effects; Water quality control; Water pollution control; Vegetation cover; Geomorphology; Flood plains; Denitrification; Ecosystem management; Riparian environments; Hydrology; Environment management; Nonpoint pollution; Environmental restoration; Nonpoint pollution sources; Riparian waters ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The IPCS collaborative study on neurobehavioral screening methods. VI. Agreement and reliability of the data AN - 16217435; 4280174 AB - The IPCS Collaborative Study on Neurobehavioral Screening Methods was undertaken to determine the intra- and inter-laboratory reliability of a functional observational battery (FOB) and an automated assessment of motor activity in eight laboratories world-wide. The effects of seven chemicals (acrylamide, bis-acrylamide, p,p'-DDT, lead acetate, parathion, toluene, and triethyl tin) were studied during two dosing regimens: single-dose and four-week repeated dosing. All participating laboratories generally could detect and characterize the effects of known neurotoxicants, even though there were some differences in outcome on specific endpoints. The results were further evaluated to assess the agreement across laboratories in the dose-response data at the expected times of maximal effect (time of peak effect for the single-dose studies, and during or at the end of dosing for repeated-exposure studies). Percent agreement was calculated as the percentage of laboratories agreeing on an outcome (whether it be a significant dose effect or not). As an alternative approach, slopes of the dose-response functions were calculated, and reliability of those slope estimates across laboratories and chemicals was determined. Reliability was defined as the degree of agreement across laboratories (intraclass correlation coefficient) of the dose-response slopes within and between chemicals. These reliability estimates were calculated for each domain and for each endpoint. Relative reliability of the endpoints was evaluated, and hypotheses concerning the influence of outlying data were tested. The data clearly showed that reliability was not influenced by the objectivity or subjectivity of the test measure. Thus these data provide additional information regarding the reliability and robustness of the tests across the participating laboratories. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Catalano, P J AU - McDaniel, K L AU - Moser, V C AD - NTD (MD-74B), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1057 EP - 1064 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - behavior KW - movements KW - neurobehavioral screening methods KW - neurotoxicity KW - neurotoxicity testing KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16217435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=The+IPCS+collaborative+study+on+neurobehavioral+screening+methods.+VI.+Agreement+and+reliability+of+the+data&rft.au=Catalano%2C+P+J%3BMcDaniel%2C+K+L%3BMoser%2C+V+C&rft.aulast=Catalano&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1057&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Neurobehavioral Screening Methods. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of dosing volume on the toxicity of p,p'-DDT AN - 16215105; 4280180 AB - In the IPCS Collaborative Study on Neurobehavioral Screening Methods, the "Top Dose" (TD) of p,p'-DDT (oral gavage, in corn oil) was determined to be different depending on the volume of administration: TD=87 mg/kg when delivered in 1 ml/kg (i.e., 87 mg /ml) vs. TD=130.5 mg/kg when given at 5 ml/kg (26.1 mg/ml). Two acute dose-response studies were conducted, the only difference being the doses used (pre-established percentages of the TD) and dosing volume (1 and 5 ml/kg); a third study was conducted using a single dose and varying the dosing volume (1 and 5 ml/kg). In the higher-volume study, dose-response curves for almost all the affected endpoints were shifted to the right, and the effects of the highest dose were less severe compared to the lower-volume study. For example, tremors were observed in all rats dosed with 43.5 mg/kg at 1 ml/kg, but only in 40% of the dose group given 65.3 mg/kg at 5 ml/kg. The highest dose groups (100% TD) showed myoclonus in both studies, but the incidence was 100% at 87 mg/kg (1 ml/kg) compared to 60% at 130.5 mg/kg (5 ml/kg). The dose-response curves indicated that the effective doses were generally 2-5 times higher, i.e., less potent, using a volume of 5 ml/kg. In general, the profiles of effect were similar in that the Sensorimotor and Convulsive domains were significantly altered in both studies, but again the dose-response curves were shifted; these domains were affected by both 43.5 and 87 mg/kg at 1 ml/kg, but only by 130.5 mg/kg at 5 ml/kg. The Neuromuscular domain, however, was only affected in the 1 ml/kg study (at 87 mg/kg). These differences in outcome could be due to higher partitioning of DDT into the oil, or increased gut motility, both of which could be due to the larger volume of oil delivered. The findings illustrate the importance of knowing the pharmacokinetic properties of the compound in question, as well as standardization of such variables whenever direct comparisons of dose levels are conducted. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - McDaniel, K L AU - Moser, V C AD - NTD, (MD-74B), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1071 EP - 1078 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - DDT KW - behavior KW - insecticides KW - neurobehavioral screening methods KW - neurotoxicity KW - neurotoxicity testing KW - p,p'-DDT KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16215105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+dosing+volume+on+the+toxicity+of+p%2Cp%27-DDT&rft.au=McDaniel%2C+K+L%3BMoser%2C+V+C&rft.aulast=McDaniel&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1071&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Neurobehavioral Screening Methods. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The IPCS collaborative study on neurobehavioral screening methods. VII. Summary and conclusions AN - 16213897; 4280173 AB - In the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) Collaborative Study on Neurobehavioral Screening Methods, eight participating laboratories used a standard battery of behavioral tests to determine, in rats, the effects of seven representative chemicals following acute and repeated dosing. The results of the collaborative study indicate good agreement across laboratories with regard to the data collected in vehicle controls. It was clear, however, that some behavioral measures had significantly more variability than other tests. The laboratories also demonstrated the ability to detect known neurotoxic chemicals and identify profiles of effects that differed from non-neurotoxic agents. The results of the study suggest that appropriate training of personnel is crucial to ensure the reliability of the test battery. The results also underscore the importance of dose selection in behavioral screening studies, since it is sometimes difficult to determine the specificity of behavioral changes in animals receiving high doses of some chemicals. The collaborative study also emphasizes the need to utilize a battery of tests in screening a wide range of potential neurotoxic agents. Analysis of data from such studies poses unique challenges due to the large number of tests and test times, and the consequent possibility of false positives. Some statistical concerns may be alleviated by grouping the results from tests that measure similar functions into neurobiological domains. Although this approach improves confidence in the biological relevance of chemical-induced changes in behavior, it may also lead to false negatives. The exploration of other statistical approaches to analyze data from experiments using a test battery is encouraged. Nevertheless, results of the collaborative study strongly support the use of behavioral tests in hazard identification. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Tilson, HA AU - MacPhail, R C AU - Moser, V C AU - Becking, G C AU - Cuomo, V AU - Frantik, E AU - Kulig, B M AU - Winneke, G AD - NTD (MD-74B), US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1065 EP - 1070 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - behavior KW - neurobehavioral screening methods KW - neurotoxicity KW - neurotoxicity testing KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16213897?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=The+IPCS+collaborative+study+on+neurobehavioral+screening+methods.+VII.+Summary+and+conclusions&rft.au=Tilson%2C+HA%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C%3BMoser%2C+V+C%3BBecking%2C+G+C%3BCuomo%2C+V%3BFrantik%2C+E%3BKulig%2C+B+M%3BWinneke%2C+G&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=HA&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1065&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Neurobehavioral Screening Methods. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The IPCS collaborative study on neurobehavioral screening. I. Background and genesis AN - 16212528; 4280179 AB - Numerous events over several years culminated in recognition of the need to explicitly evaluate the nervous system as a potential target for environmental chemicals. Based on recommendations from several international expert panels, the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) sponsored the Collaborative Study on Neurobehavioral Screening Methods. A Steering Committee was created to oversee the project, develop the testing protocol, recruit participating laboratories and review and analyze the data. The protocol specified the tests, the chemicals (supplied from a common source) and the exposure conditions (acute and repeated dosing). Test methods were based upon existing practices in toxicological screening as well as recent advances in neurotoxicity screening. Chemicals were selected to produce different profiles of neurobehavioral effects. Considerable latitude was afforded the participating laboratories in the choice of several key variables (e.g., strain of rat, testing device for motor activity assessment) that could potentially affect the results of the experiments. The approach therefore provided a standardized yet flexible protocol for evaluating the reproducibility of neurobehavioral screening data in diverse laboratory settings. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - MacPhail, R C AU - Tilson, HA AU - Moser, V C AU - Beking, G C AU - Cuomo, V AU - Frantik, E AU - Kulig, B M AU - Winneke, G AD - U.S. EPA, NTD (MD-74B), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 925 EP - 928 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - behavior KW - neurobehavioral screening methods KW - neurotoxicity KW - neurotoxicity testing KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16212528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=The+IPCS+collaborative+study+on+neurobehavioral+screening.+I.+Background+and+genesis&rft.au=MacPhail%2C+R+C%3BTilson%2C+HA%3BMoser%2C+V+C%3BBeking%2C+G+C%3BCuomo%2C+V%3BFrantik%2C+E%3BKulig%2C+B+M%3BWinneke%2C+G&rft.aulast=MacPhail&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=925&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Neurobehavioral Screening Methods. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The IPSC collaborative study on neurobehavioral screening methods. III. Results of proficiency studies AN - 16209581; 4280177 AB - The goal of the IPCS Collaborative Study on Neurobehavioral Screening Methods was to determine the intra- and inter-laboratory reliability of a functional observational battery (FOB) and an automated assessment of motor activity in eight laboratories world-wide. The first phase of the Collaborative Study involved training the participants: evidence of training was then evaluated using positive-control compounds. The positive-control studies required the laboratories to identify, using the FOB, specific neurotoxic syndromes produced by acute exposure to p,p'-DDT, parathion, and by short-term repeated dosing with acrylamide. For the sake of expediency, only one dose of each chemical was used instead of collecting dose-response data. Motor activity test chambers were not of uniform design. The laboratories were therefore required to demonstrate adequate sensitivity by the ability to detect statistically-significant activity increases and decreases produced by triadimefon and chlorpromazine, respectively, following acute administration of a range of doses. The resulting FOB and motor activity data showed variability in the magnitude of effects obtained: some of these differences were attributed to miscommunications, difficulties with the techniques or protocol, or the limitations of having only one dose. All laboratories, however, successfully met the criteria set forth by the Study Steering Committee. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Moser, V C AU - Becking, G C AU - Cuomo, V AU - Frantik, E AU - Kulig, B M AU - MacPhail, R C AU - Tilson, HA AU - Winneke, G AU - Brightwell, W S AD - NTD (MD-74B), U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 939 EP - 946 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - acrylamide KW - behavior KW - chlorpromazine KW - neurobehavioral screening methods KW - neurotoxicity KW - neurotoxicity testing KW - parathion KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16209581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=The+IPSC+collaborative+study+on+neurobehavioral+screening+methods.+III.+Results+of+proficiency+studies&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C%3BBecking%2C+G+C%3BCuomo%2C+V%3BFrantik%2C+E%3BKulig%2C+B+M%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C%3BTilson%2C+HA%3BWinneke%2C+G%3BBrightwell%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=939&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special Issue: Neurobehavioral Screening Methods. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decision analysis of incineration costs in Superfund site remediation AN - 16098423; 4203788 AB - This study examines the decision-making process of the remedial design (RD) phase of on-site incineration projects conducted at Superfund sites. Decisions made during RD affect the cost and schedule of remedial action (RA). Decision analysis techniques are used to determine the extent of information on the waste characteristics that should be released to prospective bidders on a fixedprice RA contract for a specific site. The decision maker has two alternatives: prepare the project specifications including only the description of the waste provided in the remedial investigation /feasibility study or obtain additional information on the waste characteristics during RD. The dilemma facing decision makers is that costs, in both time and money, are associated with acquiring additional information, whereas having more information may result in cost savings since bidders base their cost estimates on the description of the waste characteristics. In the analysis, the net benefits of providing bidders with additional information are determined for the subject site. The results show that the benefits of obtaining information outweigh the costs only when the cost of obtaining the information, in terms of both time and money, is not too great. JF - Environmental Engineering Science AU - Perdek, J M AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2890 Woodbridge Avenue, Edison, NJ 08837, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 15 EP - 26 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 1092-8758, 1092-8758 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Superfund KW - waste disposal sites KW - cleaning process KW - remediation KW - incineration KW - hazardous wastes KW - economics KW - pollution clean-up KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16098423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Engineering+Science&rft.atitle=Decision+analysis+of+incineration+costs+in+Superfund+site+remediation&rft.au=Perdek%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Perdek&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Engineering+Science&rft.issn=10928758&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - waste disposal sites; remediation; incineration; Superfund; hazardous wastes; pollution clean-up; economics; cleaning process ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Abnormal Fragilaria spp. (Bacillariophyceae) in streams impacted by mine drainage AN - 16093491; 4117572 AB - Periphytic diatom samples from a metal-contaminated Rocky Mountain river in Colorado, USA were analyzed on two occasions for the presence of morphological abnormalities. Samples were collected from natural (rocks) and artificial (tiles) substrates at 12 sites displaying a range of metal concentrations. Members of the genus Fragilaria, which was abundant at all sampling sites, exhibited the highest incidence of abnormalities. There were no significant differences in percentage of deformed cells between natural and artificial substrates. Percentage of diatom abnormalities at each site ranged from 0.2 plus or minus 0.2% to 12.0 plus or minus 2.0% of the total population, and normal Fragilaria valves were always observed along with abnormal valves for each taxa. Percentage of abnormal valves at a site was transformed (arc sine square root) and regressed against dissolved cadmium, copper, iron and zinc. For 1991, the best regression model fit was a two variable model using Cd and Zn. In 1992, the four variables model (Cd, Cu, Fe, and Zn) provided the best fit to the Fragilaria data. JF - Journal of freshwater ecology. La Crosse, WI AU - Mcfarland, B H AU - Hill, B H AU - Willingham, W T AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 141 EP - 149 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0270-5060, 0270-5060 KW - artificial substrata KW - lotic environment KW - metals KW - models KW - periphyton KW - plant morphology KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - mine tailings KW - Freshwater KW - Fragilaria KW - USA, Colorado, Eagle R. KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16093491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+freshwater+ecology.+La+Crosse%2C+WI&rft.atitle=Abnormal+Fragilaria+spp.+%28Bacillariophyceae%29+in+streams+impacted+by+mine+drainage&rft.au=Mcfarland%2C+B+H%3BHill%2C+B+H%3BWillingham%2C+W+T&rft.aulast=Mcfarland&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+freshwater+ecology.+La+Crosse%2C+WI&rft.issn=02705060&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mine tailings; Fragilaria; USA, Colorado, Eagle R.; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cyprinid distributions in Northeast U.S.A. lakes: Evidence of regional-scale minnow biodiversity losses AN - 16073194; 4103541 AB - Fish assemblages were sampled in 195 randomly selected lakes in the northeastern United States during the summers of 1991-1994. Most lakes in northern Maine had three to seven minnow(Cyprinidae) species, constituting 40-80% of species in each lake. Lakes in New Jersey, southern New York, and southern New England rarely had minnows, other than golden shiner (Notemigonus crysoleucas). Lakes in the Adirondacks and the remainder of northern New England had intermediate numbers. Minnow native ranges and autecology were examined and species richness related to littoral predators and human disturbance were evaluated. Sample data suggested alteration in the minnow assemblages over much of the region. The most consistent factor related to minnow species richness was the presence of littoral predators. Median number of minnow species was two in lakes lacking predators and zero in lakes with predators. Non-native predators, especially Micropterus spp., have been introduced throughout the Northeast; 69% of the sampled lakes had non-native predators. In the absence of predators, minnow species declined with increased human activity in the watershed and along lake shorelines. Only in northern Maine did lake minnow assemblages seem relatively intact. JF - Canadian journal of fisheries and aquatic sciences/Journal canadien des sciences halieutiques et aquatiques. Ottawa ON AU - Whittier, T R AU - Halliwell, D B AU - Paulsen, S G AD - Dynamac International, U.S. E.P.A. Environmental Research Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1593 EP - 1607 VL - 54 IS - 7 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - USA, New Jersey KW - distribution records KW - freshwater lakes KW - predation KW - environmental impact KW - Freshwater KW - introduced species KW - USA, New York KW - Notemigonus crysoleucas KW - USA, New England KW - Cyprinidae KW - USA, Maine KW - USA, New York, Adirondack Mts. KW - species diversity KW - Micropterus KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16073194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+journal+of+fisheries+and+aquatic+sciences%2FJournal+canadien+des+sciences+halieutiques+et+aquatiques.+Ottawa+ON&rft.atitle=Cyprinid+distributions+in+Northeast+U.S.A.+lakes%3A+Evidence+of+regional-scale+minnow+biodiversity+losses&rft.au=Whittier%2C+T+R%3BHalliwell%2C+D+B%3BPaulsen%2C+S+G&rft.aulast=Whittier&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+journal+of+fisheries+and+aquatic+sciences%2FJournal+canadien+des+sciences+halieutiques+et+aquatiques.+Ottawa+ON&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - freshwater lakes; distribution records; predation; environmental impact; introduced species; species diversity; Notemigonus crysoleucas; Cyprinidae; Micropterus; USA, New Jersey; USA, New England; USA, Maine; USA, New York, Adirondack Mts.; USA, New York; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cell culture models of interspecies selectivity to organophosphorus insecticides AN - 16047701; 4098671 AB - In toxicology, the need to reduce uncertainties in human risk assessment is met by understanding why species and individuals within that species respond differently to chemical exposure. This kind of information is needed when extrapolating data from experimental (i.e., whole animal) systems to the human condition in terms of risk assessment. In 1993 the Neurotoxicology Division of the Environmental Protection Agency funded several investigators to examine this phenomenon (i.e., interspecies selectivity) using cell culture models. Organophosphorus (OP) insecticides were examined since they are characterized by an extremely divergent interspecies response. In 1995, a symposium entitled Novel Insights into Chemical Neurotoxicity, sponsored by the Society for In Vitro Biology featured this research. In it, a historical overview of the phenomenon of interspecies selectivity to OP insecticides was given, current explanations for it were discussed and contemporary in vitro models being used to explain it, were described. Data from these studies have helped to redefine the underlying mechanisms that characterize and influence the cross-species response to insecticides. These experiments have refocused the explanation of this phenomenon to include cellular metabolism, target enzyme baseline activities, and receptor-mediated electrophysiological and second-messenger events. Several investigators on this panel also reported on the use of subcellular markers (e.g., target esterases, second messengers, ionic fluxes) to differentiate neuropathy-causing OP compounds from acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. After these presentations, technical considerations used in the design of in vitro neurotoxicity studies were discussed. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Veronesi, B AU - Ehrich, M AU - Blusztajn, J K AU - Oortgiesen, M AU - Durham, H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health Effects and Environmental Research Laboratories MD74B, RTP, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 283 EP - 298 VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - organophosphates KW - neuroblastoma KW - cell lines KW - acetylcholinesterase KW - pesticides (organophosphorus) KW - organophosphorus compounds KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - neurotoxicity KW - risk assessment KW - X 24135:Biochemistry KW - N3 11101:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16047701?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Cell+culture+models+of+interspecies+selectivity+to+organophosphorus+insecticides&rft.au=Veronesi%2C+B%3BEhrich%2C+M%3BBlusztajn%2C+J+K%3BOortgiesen%2C+M%3BDurham%2C+H&rft.aulast=Veronesi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; insecticides; cell lines; risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of the acute neuroactive effects of dichloromethane, 1,3-dichloropropane, and 1,2-dichlorobenzene on rat flash evoked potentials (FEPs) AN - 16026083; 4094278 AB - Previous research showed that acute exposure to dichloromethane (DCM) produced a selective reduction in peak N sub(30) of flash evoked potentials (FEPs) in rats. In contrast, acute exposures to p-xylene or toluene selectively reduced FEP peak N sub(160). The present experiments compared the effects of DCM (log P = 1.25; oil:water partition coefficient), 1,3-dichloropropane (DCP; log P = 2.00), and 1,2-dichlorobenzene (DCB; log P = 3.38) on FEPs recorded from adult Long-Evans rats. Before administration of test compounds, FEPs were recorded for five daily sessions to develop FEP peak N sub(160). Test compounds were dissolved in corn oil and administered ip at doses based on proportions of their LD50 values. The doses were: DCM, 0, 57.5, 115, 230, or 460 mg/kg; DCP, 0, 86, 172, 343, or 686 mg/kg; and DCB, 0, 53, 105, 210, or 420 mg/kg. Testing times after dosing varied among compounds and were based on pilot studies to measure both the times of peak effect and recovery. Each solvent produced significant changes in the latency and amplitude of multiple components of the FEP waveforms. However, the predominant effect of DCM was to reduce the amplitude of peak N sub(30) (ED50 = 326.3 mg/kg), that of DCP was to reduce both peaks N sub(30) (ED50 = 231.0 mg/kg) and N sub(160) (ED50 = 136.8 mg/kg), and that of DCB was to reduce peak N sub(160) (ED50 = 151.6 mg/kg). There was no consistent relationship between log P values and the potency of the compounds to alter FEP peaks N sub(30) and N sub(160). The results suggest that organic solvents have multiple acute effects on the function of the central nervous system, which are not predictable solely by the compound's lipid solubility. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Herr, D W AU - Boyes, W K AD - MD-74B, NHEERL/NTD/NPTB, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - Jan 1997 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - rats KW - dichloromethane KW - methylene chloride KW - dichloropropane KW - dichlorobenzene KW - 1,3-dichloropropane KW - 1,2-dichlorobenzene KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - evoked potentials KW - central nervous system KW - X 24151:Acute exposure KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16026083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+the+acute+neuroactive+effects+of+dichloromethane%2C+1%2C3-dichloropropane%2C+and+1%2C2-dichlorobenzene+on+rat+flash+evoked+potentials+%28FEPs%29&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BBoyes%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=methylene+chloride&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - evoked potentials; central nervous system ER - TY - CONF T1 - Future of the storm water program AN - 16011988; 280171 AB - Storm water comes into contact with potentially harmful pollutants that have been linked to potential threats to public health. Since, preventive measures cost less than restoration, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) will focus primarily on a storm water program that is cost-effective and addresses significant sources of pollution in storm water. The focus is mainly on good housekeeping and general best management practices aimed at prevention but tailored to the specific site and the potential impact on a water body. The effectiveness of the program must be assessed once it is implemented. The EPA hopes to establish a community-based program that has a broad level of public involvement, and intends to provide guidance and assistance. JF - Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings AU - White, Carmelita Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 418 EP - 421 PB - AMERICAN CERAMIC SOC, WESTERVILLE, OH, (USA) VL - 18 IS - 2 KW - Cost effectiveness KW - Health risks KW - Project management KW - Storm water program KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Environmental impact KW - Environmental protection KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - EE 912.2:MANAGEMENT KW - EE 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 911.2:INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS KW - W4 453.2:WATER POLLUTION CONTROL KW - EE 453.2:WATER POLLUTION CONTROL KW - EE 911.2:INDUSTRIAL ECONOMICS KW - EE 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 912.2:MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16011988?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ceramic+Engineering+and+Science+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Future+of+the+storm+water+program&rft.au=White%2C+Carmelita&rft.aulast=White&rft.aufirst=Carmelita&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=418&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ceramic+Engineering+and+Science+Proceedings&rft.issn=01966219&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sanitizing effects of desiccant-based cooling AN - 15974315; 276842 AB - Desiccant-based cooling systems were examined to determine their sanitizing effects on airborne microorganisms and used as a mechanism to control bioaerosols. The desiccant-based air conditioning (DBAC) system reduced airborne levels of bacteria and fungi in every test. These data also point to the desiccant wheel as the primary source of these reductions, although the causal mechanism has not been identified. It was found that DBAC systems have the ability to remove pollutants from indoor air in the presence of water vapor. JF - ASHRAE Journal AU - Kovak, Brian AU - Heimann, PRichard AU - Hammel, Jay AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 60 EP - 64 PB - ASHRAE, ATLANTA, GA, (USA) VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0001-2491, 0001-2491 KW - Aerosols KW - Bacteria KW - Bioaerosols KW - Desiccant based air conditioning (DBAC) systems KW - Dessicant wheel KW - Disease control KW - Fungi KW - Health KW - Humidity control KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Sanitation KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Mechanical Engineering Abstracts (ISMEC) KW - W4 643.3:AIR CONDITIONING KW - EE 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - EE 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - EE 643.3:AIR CONDITIONING KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15974315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.atitle=Sanitizing+effects+of+desiccant-based+cooling&rft.au=Kovak%2C+Brian%3BHeimann%2C+PRichard%3BHammel%2C+Jay&rft.aulast=Kovak&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.issn=00012491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteria; Aerosols; Sanitation; Fungi; Disease control; Health; Indoor air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spawning and larval survival of the pink shrimp, Penaeus duorarum, in a small culture facility AN - 15963351; 4061194 AB - Eye-enucleated pink shrimp, Penaeus duorarum, were successfully matured, mated, and spawned in 1.23-m diameter tanks. Broodstock of five to six female shrimp spawned, on average, 50% of days during which expanded ovaries were observed. Average daily spawn of viable eggs ranged from 2,750 (September) to 11,026 (March). In a preliminary experiment, shrimp fed the bloodworm, Glycera dibranchiata, as well as maturation pellets, produced twice the number of eggs as the shrimp fed pellets only. Survival of shrimp from egg to postlarvae fed the unicellular algae, Isochrysis galbana or Tetraselmis chuii or the diatom Chaetoceros gracilis and combination rations of I. galbana with T. chuii, or Skeletonema constatum, suggests that I. galbana is inadequate as a food for pink shrimp. The greatest survival (83 plus or minus 3.2%) was obtained with C. gracilis, indicating that it is a better food. JF - Journal of Applied Aquaculture AU - Cripe, G M AD - US EPA, NHEERL, Gulf Ecology Div., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 29 EP - 42 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1045-4438, 1045-4438 KW - aquaculture facilities KW - brood stocks KW - feeding experiments KW - nutrient requirements KW - nutritional requirements KW - shrimp culture KW - survival KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - Marine KW - algae KW - hatcheries KW - Penaeus duorarum KW - food preferences KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q4 27320:Shellfish culture (mollusks, crustacea) KW - Q1 08583:Shellfish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15963351?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Aquaculture&rft.atitle=Spawning+and+larval+survival+of+the+pink+shrimp%2C+Penaeus+duorarum%2C+in+a+small+culture+facility&rft.au=Cripe%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Cripe&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Aquaculture&rft.issn=10454438&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nutritional requirements; feeding experiments; hatcheries; aquaculture facilities; food preferences; shrimp culture; algae; survival; brood stocks; nutrient requirements; Penaeus duorarum; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particle diffusion from developing flows in rough-walled tubes AN - 15952877; 272933 AB - A closed-form solution has been derived which quantitatively describes convective mass transfer in a conduit including wall irregularities and enterance effects. It permits the respective roles of the major diffusional parameters upon deposition to be formulated and examined directly. For testing, the model can be reduced to a limiting case; namely, the particle diffusion problem of Ingham (1991) for idealized (i.e., smooth-walled) short tubes. The mathematical model was used to study inhaled aerosols in the upper airways of the human tracheobronchial tree. We focused on the influences of core acceleration (in the lumen of an airway) and various cartilaginous ring structures (embedded in the surface of an airway). The effects of core flow acceleration on particle diffusion calculations were quite small for in vivo conditions. However, particle diffusion due to cartilaginous rings can be increased up to 32% relative to idealized tubes. The enhancement can be written in terms of the airway surface function expressed as a power of the ring shape aspect ratio h/b where h is the amplitude of the surface wave and b is its wavelength. JF - Aerosol Science & Technology AU - Martonen, Ted AU - Zhang, Zongquin AU - Yang, Yadong AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Training Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0278-6826, 0278-6826 KW - Cartilaginous ring structures KW - Health hazards KW - Human tracheobronchial airways KW - Inhaled aerosols KW - Particles (particulate matter) KW - Rough-walled tubes KW - Tubes (components) KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts KW - Aerosols KW - Diffusion KW - EE 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS KW - EE 641.3:MASS TRANSFER KW - W4 619.1:PIPE, PIPING AND PIPELINES KW - EE 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS KW - W4 801.3:COLLOID CHEMISTRY KW - EE 801.3:COLLOID CHEMISTRY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - EE 619.1:PIPE, PIPING AND PIPELINES KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 641.3:MASS TRANSFER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15952877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Particle+diffusion+from+developing+flows+in+rough-walled+tubes&rft.au=Martonen%2C+Ted%3BZhang%2C+Zongquin%3BYang%2C+Yadong&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02786826&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Diffusion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rehabilitation of the Chernoistochinskii drinking water system, Nizhnii Tagil, Russia AN - 15944319; 4057150 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) performed a reservoir diagnosis and developed low-cost recommendations to improve drinking water quality for the city of Nizhnii Tagil, Russia. Despite widespread regional pollution, water quality within the drinking water supply source can be summarized as generally good. Sampling and analysis efforts did not reveal appreciable amounts of hazardous chemicals or metals. The major water quality problem stems from an abundance of blue-green algae during the summer months, causing drinking water taste and odor problems and filter clogging at the water treatment plant. City water treatment officials also frequently experience difficulties with maintaining an effective disinfection residual in the distribution system because it spans more than 30 kilometers in length. Regrowth of microorganisms in the distribution system often causes coliform bacteria counts to exceed standards. The implementation of a watershed protection and management program, and the installation of a new disinfection system, to purify drinking water and to reduce bacterial growth in the distribution system should improve drinking water quality for the city residents. JF - Remediation AU - Brown, J R AU - Myers, V B AU - Parker, S G AU - Stewart, R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Solid Waste, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 83 EP - 105 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - rehabilitation KW - disinfection KW - Russia, Nizhnii Tagil KW - coliforms KW - water quality KW - algae KW - odor pollution KW - off flavor KW - malodorous compounds KW - Chemoreception Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts KW - drinking water KW - water purification KW - K 03009:Algae KW - R 18114:Water pollution KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - A 01108:Other water systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15944319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation&rft.atitle=Rehabilitation+of+the+Chernoistochinskii+drinking+water+system%2C+Nizhnii+Tagil%2C+Russia&rft.au=Brown%2C+J+R%3BMyers%2C+V+B%3BParker%2C+S+G%3BStewart%2C+R&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; water purification; disinfection; algae; coliforms; water quality; odor pollution; off flavor; malodorous compounds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative inhibition of yeast glutathione reductase by arsenicals and arsenothiols AN - 15937058; 4056611 AB - Tri( gamma -glutamylcysteinylglycinyl)trithioarsenite (As super(III)(GS) sub(3)) is formed in cells and is a more potent mixed-type inhibitor of the reduction of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) by yeast glutathione (GSH) reductase than either arsenite (As super(III)) or GSH. The present work examines the effects of valence and complexation of arsenicals with GSH or L-cysteine (Cys) upon potency as competitive inhibitors of the reduction of GSH disulfide (GSSG) by yeast GSH reductase. Trivalent arsenicals were more potent inhibitors than their pentavalent analogs, and methylated trivalent arsenicals were more potent inhibitors than was inorganic trivalent As. Complexation of either inorganic trivalent As or methylarsonous diiodide (CH sub(3)As super(III)I sub(2)) with Cys or GSH produced inhibitors of GSH reductase that were severalfold more potent than the parent arsenicals. In contrast, dimethylarsinous iodide ((CH sub(3)) sub(2)As super(III)I) was a more potent inhibitor than its complexes with either GSH or Cys. Complexes of CH sub(3)As super(III) with GSH (CH sub(3)-As super(III)(GS) sub(2)) or with Cys (CH sub(3)As super(III)(Cys) sub(2)) were the most potent inhibitors, with K sub(i)'s of 0.009 and 0.018 mM, respectively. Inhibition of GSH reductase by arsenicals or arsenothiols was prevented by addition of meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) to a mixture of enzyme, GSSG, and inhibitor before addition of NADPH. DMSA added to the reaction mixture after NADPH reversed inhibition by (CH sub(3)) sub(2)As super(III)I but had little effect on inhibition by CH sub(3)As super(III)I sub(2), CH sub(3)As super(III)(GS) sub(2), CH sub(3)As super(III)(Cys) sub(2), or As super(III)(GS) sub(3). Partial redox inactivation of the enzyme with NADPH increased the inhibitory potency of CH sub(3)As super(III)I sub(2) and (CH sub(3)) sub(2)As super(III) and changed the mode of inhibition for CH sub(3)As super(III)I sub(2) from competitive to noncompetitive. The greater potency of methylated trivalent arsenicals and arsenothiols than of inorganic trivalent As suggests that biomethylation of As could yield species that inhibit reduction of GSSG and alter the redox status of cells. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Styblo, M AU - Serves, S V AU - Cullen, W R AU - Thomas, D J AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, MD-74, ETD, NHEERL, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - Jan 1997 SP - 27 EP - 33 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - glutathione reductase KW - arsenicals KW - arsenothiols KW - cysteine KW - 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid KW - arsenic KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Toxicology Abstracts KW - yeasts KW - Saccharomyces cerevisiae KW - X 24165:Biochemistry KW - K 03063:Effects of physical & chemical factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15937058?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparative+inhibition+of+yeast+glutathione+reductase+by+arsenicals+and+arsenothiols&rft.au=Styblo%2C+M%3BServes%2C+S+V%3BCullen%2C+W+R%3BThomas%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Styblo&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Saccharomyces cerevisiae; yeasts ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Theoretical evaluation of two plausible routes for bioactivation of S-(1,1-difluoro-2,2-dihaloethyl)-L-cysteine conjugates: Thiirane vs thionoacyl fluoride pathway AN - 15935790; 4054286 AB - The selective nephrotoxicity of halogenated alkenes has been attributed to a glutathione (GSH) S-conjugate pathway involving enzymatic hydrolysis to the cysteine S-conjugate and beta -lyase bioactivation to thiolates, which are presumed to give rise to the ultimate mutagenic or cytotoxic reactive species. Studies have shown that the brominated S-(2,2-dihalo-1,1-difluoroethyl)-L-cysteine conjugates are mutagenic in the Ames test, whereas the non-brominated analogues are nonmutagenic. While careful experimentation has contributed much to current understanding, the ultimate reactive species responsible for the differing mutagenic effects remain unknown. Computational methods were applied to the investigation of two proposed metabolic pathways leading from the thiolate to either a thiirane or thionoacyl fluoride intermediate, both electrophilic species presumed capable of binding to proteins or DNA. Studied were six F-, Cl-, and Br-substituted 2,2-dihalo-1,1-difluoroethane-1-thiolates (2,2-dihalo-DFETs). Pathway preference was determined for each thiolate by comparison of reaction energy profiles and activation energies. At all but the lowest level of ab initio theory, a thionoacyl fluoride pathway was predicted for 2,2-difluoro-DFET, while a thiirane pathway was energetically preferred for the brominated 2,2-dihalo-DFETs. These results offer a clear mechanism-based rationale for distinguishing 2,2-difluoro-DFET from the brominated 2,2-dihalo-DFETs, while the results are less clear for the 2,2-dichloro and 2-chloro-2-fluoro-DFETs, which at the highest level of ab initio treatment had a relatively small energy preference (2.4 kcal/mol) for the thiirane pathway. The predicted clear preference for a thiirane pathway for the brominated 2,2-dihalo-DFETs is not consistent with a recently proposed pathway involving alpha -thiolactone formation through a thionoacyl fluoride intermediate, but is supported by results of a recent study providing experimental evidence for thiirane formation from the brominated 2,2-dihalo-DFETs. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Shim, Joong-Youn AU - Richard, A M AD - MD-68, US-EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - Jan 1997 SP - 103 EP - 110 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - 2,2-dihalo-1,1-difluoroethane-1-thiolate KW - thiirane KW - thionoacyl fluoride KW - S-(1,1-difluoro-2,2-dihaloethyl)-L-cysteine KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - metabolic pathways KW - computer applications KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15935790?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Theoretical+evaluation+of+two+plausible+routes+for+bioactivation+of+S-%281%2C1-difluoro-2%2C2-dihaloethyl%29-L-cysteine+conjugates%3A+Thiirane+vs+thionoacyl+fluoride+pathway&rft.au=Shim%2C+Joong-Youn%3BRichard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Shim&rft.aufirst=Joong-Youn&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer applications; metabolic pathways ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vinclozolin and p,p'-DDE alter androgen-dependent gene expression: in vivo confirmation of an androgen receptor-mediated mechanism AN - 15915584; 4043304 AB - Vinclozolin and p,p'-DDE induce antiandrogenic developmental effects in vivo and are potent inhibitors of androgen receptor (AR) binding and AR-dependent gene expression in vitro. To determine whether this molecular mechanism is operative in vivo, the effects of these compounds on two androgen-regulated prostatic mRNAs were studied. Rats were sham operated or castrated and immediately implanted with one or two empty 2.5-cm silastic capsules or with one (1X) or two (2X) 2.5-cm capsules containing testosterone (T). T-implanted rats were treated by gavage for 4 days with vehicle (corn oil), vinclozolin (200 mg/kg/day), p,p'-DDE (200 mg/kg/day), or the antiandrogen flutamide (100 mg/kg/day) as a positive control. Vinclozolin, p,p'-DDE, and flutamide all induced a reciprocal decline in seminal vesicle (p < 0.01) and prostate (p < 0.01) weight as well as a reduction in immunohistochemical staining of AR in epididymal nuclei compared to vehicle-treated T-implanted controls. Specific AR antagonism was assessed by determining the ability of these chemicals to induce a testosterone-repressed prostatic message (i.e., TRPM-2) and/or repress a testosterone-induced prostatic message (i.e., prostatein subunit C3). Densitometry scans of Northern blots indicated that vinclozolin, p,p'-DDE, and flutamide each induced TRPM-2 mRNA and repressed C3 mRNA compared to vehicle-treated T-implanted controls. These antiandrogenic effects were competitively reduced in castrate rats implanted with two 2.5-cm T capsules (2X), where serum T levels were elevated more than twofold above physiological levels. Taken together, these data indicate that vinclozolin and p,p'-DDE act as antiandrogens in vivo by altering the expression of androgen-dependent genes. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Kelce, W R AU - Lambright, C R AU - Gray, LE Jr AU - Roberts, K P AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, Endocrinology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - Jan 1997 SP - 192 EP - 200 VL - 142 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - vinclozolin KW - p,p'-DDE KW - androgens KW - androgen receptors KW - pesticides (organochlorine) KW - DDE KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - fungicides KW - gene expression KW - X 24135:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15915584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Vinclozolin+and+p%2Cp%27-DDE+alter+androgen-dependent+gene+expression%3A+in+vivo+confirmation+of+an+androgen+receptor-mediated+mechanism&rft.au=Kelce%2C+W+R%3BLambright%2C+C+R%3BGray%2C+LE+Jr%3BRoberts%2C+K+P&rft.aulast=Kelce&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=142&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=192&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gene expression; fungicides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of turbidity on TCE and degradation products in ground water AN - 15879367; 4031550 AB - Elevated particulate concentrations in ground water samples can bias contaminant concentration data. This has been particularly problematic for metal analyses where artificially increased turbidity levels can affect metals concentrations and confound interpretation of the data. However, few studies have been conducted to determine the impact of particulates on trichloroethylene (TCE), cis-dichloroethylene (c-DCE), and vinyl chloride concentrations. Laboratory batch studies and field investigations were conducted to evaluate the effects of suspended solids on VOC concentrations in ground water samples analyzed by purge-and-trap gas chromatography. Three different solids were used to assess the effects of suspended particulates. The solids were aquifer material from a field site in North Carolina and two reference clay minerals (kaolinite and Namontmorillonite). During the laboratory portion of this study, the solids were used to determine effects on TCE concentrations under controlled laboratory conditions. The same solids were used in a field study to compare the laboratory results with field results. Solids were added to the sample vials prior to sample collection to intentionally increase turbidity levels in the water samples. Results of the study indicate essentially no decrease in TCE, c-DCE, or vinyl chloride concentrations due to increased turbidity levels. JF - Ground Water Monitoring and Remediation AU - Paul, C J AU - Puls, R W AD - Environ. Res. Cent., Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 128 EP - 133 VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - VOC KW - data acquisition KW - degradation products KW - field tests KW - ground water KW - groundwater KW - particulate matter KW - suspended particulate matter KW - suspended solids KW - trichloroethylene KW - turbidity KW - volatile organic compounds KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA, North Carolina KW - Freshwater KW - gas chromatography KW - water quality control KW - metals KW - water analysis KW - SW 5040:Data acquisition KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15879367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Remediation&rft.atitle=Impact+of+turbidity+on+TCE+and+degradation+products+in+ground+water&rft.au=Paul%2C+C+J%3BPuls%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Paul&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Contact: Ground Water Publishing Co., 6375 Riverside Dr., Dublin, OH 43017, USA. PH (800) 332-2104. FAX: (614) 761-3446. N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gas chromatography; suspended particulate matter; data acquisition; metals; turbidity; water quality control; water analysis; trichloroethylene; ground water; groundwater; volatile organic compounds; field tests; particulate matter; suspended solids; degradation products; USA, North Carolina; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - pH-dependent sorption of chlorinated guaiacols on estuarine sediments: The effects of humic acids and TOC AN - 15821429; 4001359 AB - Chlorinated guaiacols (o-methoxyphenols) are components of chlorine-bleached kraft pulp and paper mill effluents and have been detected in receiving water and sediment adjacent to paper mills. Their sorption is dependent on both solvent and sorbent characteristics. Sorption of four chlorinated guaiacols was investigated using four estuarine sediments from the York River, VA. Sites represented several types of estuarine environments, ranging from a well-scoured sandy point to a protected tidal mudflat. Total organic carbon (TOC) contents ranged from 0.11 to 3.52% (dry weight). NaOH-extractable humic acids ranged from 0.03 to 1.2% (dry weight). Sorption coefficients, K sub(d), were measured at pH 6.6 and pH 7.8 by the batch isotherm method. Linear relationships were observed for K sub(d) with both sediment TOC and humic acid contents. K sub(oc) and K sub(humic), sorption coefficients normalized to % TOC and % humic acids, respectively, were calculated. Results indicated that the humic acid content of a sediment, along with TOC, is an important factor in controlling the sorption of chlorinated guaiacols. Due to differential in hydrophobicity, sorption of the protonated and deprotonated chlorinated guaiacol species is expected to differ. Using accurately measured pK sub(a) values, the K sub(d) for each compound was resolved into values for the ionized and neutral species (K sub(d,i) and K sub(d,n), respectively). The results indicated that sorption of highly chlorinated, ionized species is appreciable and cannot be discounted when assessing sorptive reactions. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Gundersen, J L AU - MacIntyre, W G AU - Hale, R C AD - US EPA, Atlantic Ecol. Div., 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - Jan 1997 SP - 188 EP - 193 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - absorption spectra KW - brackishwater pollution KW - estuarine chemistry KW - fate of pollutants KW - hydrogen ion concentration KW - kraft mills KW - pH KW - pH effects KW - paper industry wastes KW - pulp and paper industry KW - sediment pollution KW - total organic carbon KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - sorption KW - humic acids KW - estuaries KW - sediments KW - ANW, USA, Virginia, York Estuary KW - organic carbon KW - pulp wastes KW - Brackish KW - USA, Virginia, York R. KW - organic compounds KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - O 5060:Aquaculture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15821429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=pH-dependent+sorption+of+chlorinated+guaiacols+on+estuarine+sediments%3A+The+effects+of+humic+acids+and+TOC&rft.au=Gundersen%2C+J+L%3BMacIntyre%2C+W+G%3BHale%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Gundersen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=188&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; sorption; pulp wastes; brackishwater pollution; sediment pollution; humic acids; estuaries; organic compounds; total organic carbon; sediments; estuarine chemistry; absorption spectra; organic carbon; pH effects; pH; paper industry wastes; kraft mills; pulp and paper industry; hydrogen ion concentration; fate of pollutants; ANW, USA, Virginia, York Estuary; USA, Virginia, York R.; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Best management practices to prevent cross-media transfers during soil cleanup AN - 1524613421; 2014-031406 AB - Cleanup activities often focus on the initial and final concentration levels of contaminants. What happens in-between, during implementation of treatment technologies, has raised major concerns by several environmental groups. To address this issue, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has undertaken the task of developing a guidance that would identify the potential for cross-media transfer during implementation of various soil treatment technologies and recommend best management practices (BMPs) to prevent or control these cross-media transfers. The soil treatment technologies have been grouped into seven major categories in this effort. This article provides some details of the seven soil treatment technology groups and the general BMPs recommended in the draft BMP guidance document. One case history of existing control practices is also presented in this article and compared with the recommended BMPs. Abstract Copyright (1997), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Dutta, Subijoy AU - Robinson, Bonnie B Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 39 EP - 66 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - hazardous waste KW - soil vapor extraction KW - techniques KW - air sparging KW - excavations KW - soil washing KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - best management practices KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - thermal properties KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - adsorption KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - soil pollution KW - incineration KW - volatile organic compounds KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1524613421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Best+management+practices+to+prevent+cross-media+transfers+during+soil+cleanup&rft.au=Dutta%2C+Subijoy%3BRobinson%2C+Bonnie+B&rft.aulast=Dutta&rft.aufirst=Subijoy&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440070204 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; air sparging; best management practices; bioremediation; concentration; cost; excavations; ground water; hazardous waste; incineration; optimization; organic compounds; point sources; pollution; remediation; soil pollution; soil treatment; soil vapor extraction; soil washing; techniques; thermal properties; toxic materials; volatile organic compounds; volatiles DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440070204 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Update on the ground water disinfection rule AN - 13638518; 199704007 AB - A National Primary Drinking Water Regulation was developed by the U.S. EPA, together with other interested bodies, to address the public health risks from microbial contamination of groundwater systems. Progress to date on this Ground Water Disinfection Rule (GWDR) is reviewed. The effects of the 1996 Safe Drinking Water Act amendments on the GWDR are examined. The implications of the GWDR on groundwater systems, particularly small systems, are considered. A multiple barrier approach being suggested for the rule is described. The following elements of this approach are discussed: groundwater protection, sanitary surveys, distribution system protection, disinfection treatment requirements and monitoring requirements. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Macler, BA AU - Pontius, F W AD - U.S. EPA, San Francisco, Calif. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 16 EP - 16,115 VL - 89 IS - 1 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Hazard KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13638518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Update+on+the+ground+water+disinfection+rule&rft.au=Macler%2C+BA%3BPontius%2C+F+W&rft.aulast=Macler&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Legislation. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vortex separation technology AN - 13633287; 199704859 AB - Swirl/vortex technology as part of combined sewer overflow and stormwater pollution control systems is discussed. Vortex technology characteristics are considered with descriptions of the swirl concentrator, Storm King and Fluidsep designs. The properties of these vortex separators are presented. The use, placement and intermittent operation of these devices are explored. The development of performance equations for intermittent operation are explained, starting with a full operating cycle and then considering the simplifications of negligible fill time or negligible underflow. Concepts of concentration efficiency and the treatment factor are introduced. Wastewater monitoring and analysis to characterize the wastewater, enhance design and assess performance are discussed. Case studies are presented for several locations. Swirl/vortex devices were relatively simple and cost-effective for removing the larger and more readily settleable suspended pollutants. Successful applications required an examination of the particle sedimentation velocity likely to be encountered, selection of the design flow or hydraulic load and proper location of the unit in the sewerage system. JF - Water Quality Research Journal of Canada AU - Field, R AU - Averill, D AU - O'Connor, T P AU - Steel, P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 185 EP - 214 VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 1201-3080, 1201-3080 KW - Analysis KW - Equipment KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Suspended KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13633287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Quality+Research+Journal+of+Canada&rft.atitle=Vortex+separation+technology&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BAverill%2C+D%3BO%27Connor%2C+T+P%3BSteel%2C+P&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Quality+Research+Journal+of+Canada&rft.issn=12013080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of models for predicting the phototoxic potency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons AN - 13632722; 199705477 AB - Lumbriculus variegatus were exposed to anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene and pyrene for 96 hours followed by a 96 hour holding period in clean water at 3 different UV intensities (75, 33 and 19 uW per cm2). Based upon measured tissue residue concentrations, anthracene and pyrene were almost equitoxic showing increased toxicity with increasing UV intensity. Both were 4 times more toxic than fluoranthene. Fluorene was found to be not phytotoxic which was in agreement with the toxicity predictions of the structure activity relationship model. By plotting mortality as a function of the product of initial tissue residue of PAH and UV light exposure, time dependent lethality of the 3 phototoxic PAH to L. variegatus was accurately modelled. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Ankley, G T AU - Erickson, R J AU - Sheedy, B R AU - Kosian, P A AU - Mattson, V R AU - Cox, J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 37 EP - 50 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Anthracene KW - Fluoranthene KW - Fluorene KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Phototoxic KW - Pyrene KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13632722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+models+for+predicting+the+phototoxic+potency+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BErickson%2C+R+J%3BSheedy%2C+B+R%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BCox%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enforcement task forces: the coordinated approach AN - 13631401; 199705008 AB - The California EPA is involved in establishing local and regional task forces to investigate, detect, deter and prosecute environmental violations. The pooling of resources and exchange of information enables the task forces, which comprize state, local and federal agencies with enforcement or compliance authority, to investigate air, water, waste and other environmental concerns simultaneously. A hypothetical case study, based on an actual investigation which revealed violations relating to hazardous waste, water and air pollution and worker safety, is presented to show the methodolgy and effectiveness of the task force approach. The growth of task forces in California since 1995 has resulted in an increase in investigations and prosecutions. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Johnston, J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 43 EP - 45 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13631401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Enforcement+task+forces%3A+the+coordinated+approach&rft.au=Johnston%2C+J&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation of arsenic compounds in drinking water by capillary electrophoresis with hydrodynamically modified electroosmotic flow detected through hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with a membrane gas-liquid separator AN - 13631363; 199801685 AB - The speciation of 4 toxic forms of arsenic (arsenite, arsenate, monomethylarsonic acid and dimethylarsinic acid) was achieved by capillary electrophoresis-hydride generation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The novel use of hydrodynamically modified electroosmotic flow during electrokinetic injection improved detection limits by increasing the amount of analyte injected into the capillary and reduced the analysis time; the technique did not adversely affect peak shapes through laminar asymmetries. Germanium(IV) was investigated as a surrogate to correct for matrix effects in the electrokinetic injection. Detection limits for the 4 species in distilled deionized water were 25, 6, 9 and 58 ppt, respectively. Recoveries of arsenic(III) (arsenite) from 2 drinking water samples fortified with 1 ppb were 91 and 92 per cent with relative standard deviations of 0.4 and 2.7 per cent, respectively. Recoveries of arsenic(V) (arsenate) were 60 to 70 per cent (with similar precision), indicating that germanium(IV) was not a good surrogate match, possibly due to electrophoretic mobility differences. There are 51 references. JF - Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry AU - Magnuson, M L AU - Creed, J T AU - Brockhoff, CA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 689 EP - 695 VL - 12 IS - 7 SN - 0267-9477, 0267-9477 KW - Analysis KW - Arsenates KW - Arsenites KW - Dimethylarsinic acid KW - Drinking water samples KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13631363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Analytical+Atomic+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Speciation+of+arsenic+compounds+in+drinking+water+by+capillary+electrophoresis+with+hydrodynamically+modified+electroosmotic+flow+detected+through+hydride+generation+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometry+with+a+membrane+gas-liquid+separator&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+M+L%3BCreed%2C+J+T%3BBrockhoff%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=689&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Analytical+Atomic+Spectrometry&rft.issn=02679477&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization of CSO storage and treatment systems AN - 13631210; 199705314 AB - Combined sewer overflow (CSO) must be controlled by a storage-treatment system since storm flows are intermittent and highly variable. An optimized strategy for the CSO control system is proposed, and includes: treatment maximization at the wastewater treatment plant by indicating relatively high storm flows, optimizing storage tank and basin design, improving settling and/or separation of suspended solids, using enhanced settling technologies, installation of parallel facilities (such as fine-mesh screens or microscreens, high-rate filtration or relatively slow-rate settling tanks), and the use of advanced designs requiring larger diameter sewers to add storage capacity to the system and steeper sloped sewers to eliminate antecedent dry weather flow pollutant deposition and the resulting concentrated storm flushes. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Field, R AU - O'Connor, T P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Edison, N.J. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 269 EP - 274 VL - 123 IS - 3 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Cso KW - Steepness KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13631210?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Optimization+of+CSO+storage+and+treatment+systems&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BO%27Connor%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of bromate in the presence of brominated haloacetic acids by ion chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric determination AN - 13629815; 199801731 AB - Bromate is a disinfection by-product formed by the ozonation of water containing bromide. The detection of bromate in drinking water by ion chromatography with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric determination (IC-ICP-MS) is not affected by typical chloride levels, but it is affected by brominated haloacetic acids. Five analytical columns (AG10, AS10, AS12, AG7 and PA-100) were evaluated as guard columns for the removal of interference generated by bromoacetic acid. Only AG7 and PA-100 were able to adequately resolve bromate from bromoacetic acid using 100 mM sodium hydroxide. The PA-100 column was further evaluated. Use of 5 mM nitric acid as eluent reduced the analytical time to less than 8 minutes and did not affect the stability of bromate. Tribromoacetic acid was removed using a reverse-phase pretreatment cartridge. The IC-ICP-MS technique was used to analyse bromate levels in ozonated drinking water. Recoveries of 90-98 per cent were achieved. The detection limit for bromate was 0.8 ug per litre. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Creed, J T AU - Magnuson, M L AU - Brockhoff, CA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 2059 EP - 2063 VL - 31 IS - 7 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Analysis KW - Columns KW - Haloacetic acids KW - Reduction KW - Tribromoacetic acid KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13629815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Determination+of+bromate+in+the+presence+of+brominated+haloacetic+acids+by+ion+chromatography+with+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometric+determination&rft.au=Creed%2C+J+T%3BMagnuson%2C+M+L%3BBrockhoff%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Creed&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=2059&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bacterial impacts of ocean outfalls: legal challenges AN - 13629223; 199704216 AB - A recent lawsuit alleged that an analytical screening method used to help establish wastewater treatment permit conditions was inadequate to show that bacterial water quality standards would be protected shoreward of Honolulu's Honouliuli outfall. To provide a better estimation of the frequency of pathogenic bacteria reaching beaches, a progressive vector diagram and initial dilution plume model were combined. For each period in a representative current meter data record, a vector summation process was applied until the distance to a sensitive site was reached. Corresponding travel times were noted. The U.S. EPA PLUMES UM model and farfield algorithm were used to estimate dilutions. The analysis showed an order of magnitude reduction in frequency of incidence at the site of concern compared to the rose screening process. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Frick, W E AU - Sproul, CA AU - Stuart, D AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 191 EP - 196 VL - 123 IS - 2 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Allegations KW - Analysis KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13629223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Bacterial+impacts+of+ocean+outfalls%3A+legal+challenges&rft.au=Frick%2C+W+E%3BSproul%2C+CA%3BStuart%2C+D&rft.aulast=Frick&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between contaminated ground water concentration levels and explosion potentials in sewer systems AN - 13629000; 199801584 AB - Safety concerns associated with the infiltration of ground water containing dissolved hydrocarbons into sewer systems with circular cross sections are examined. A mathematical method to determine a range for target ground water cleanup levels is presented, which assumed no free product was present. Simplifying assumptions were made to establish relationships between the target ground water cleanup levels, the sewer hydrocarbon vapour concentration and the depth of the sewer water level. The methods could be applied to any volatile chemical contaminant released into the subsurface environment. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Peterson, W J AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Kansas City Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 116 EP - 121 VL - 17 IS - 2 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13629000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+contaminated+ground+water+concentration+levels+and+explosion+potentials+in+sewer+systems&rft.au=Peterson%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Control strategy for storm-generated sanitary-sewer overflows AN - 13628859; 199704315 AB - A strategy is presented for the abatement of pollution from storm-generated sanitary sewer overflows (SSO), based on experiences gained from demonstration projects. Recommended national requirements for SSO treatment are discussed. Measures for maximizing the flow to the wastewater treatment works are described. Two high-rate treatment systems, powdered activated carbon-alum coagulation and high-gradient magnetic separation, are outlined. SSO could also be abated using combined sewer overflow control methods. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Field, R AU - O'Connor, T P AD - U. S. EPA, Edison, N.J. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 41 EP - 46 VL - 123 IS - 1 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13628859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Control+strategy+for+storm-generated+sanitary-sewer+overflows&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BO%27Connor%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyses of fish tissue by vacuum distillation/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry AN - 13626891; 199800730 AB - The analysis of 113 compounds in fish tissue (1 or 10 g aliquots of canned tuna) by vacuum distillation/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with surrogate-based matrix corrections was investigated. Comparison of vacuum, water and sonication spiking techniques indicated that the vacuum technique was the best, equilibrating all analytes with tissue in less than 3 h and effective with 10 g samples. The sonication technique was good with 1 g samples, but took more than 1000 minutes to equilibrate. The vacuum and sonication spike techniques were used to evaluate 2 surrogate correction models. Application of a model based on the recoveries and octanol-air and water-air partition coefficients of surrogate compounds to vacuum-spiked 10 g samples provided recoveries of 86 per cent for volatile gases, 97 per cent for volatiles, 90 per cent for neutral semivolatiles, 124 per cent for basic semivolatiles and 87 per cent for water-soluble volatiles. Detection limits were sub-ppb for most analytes. Values of octanol-air partition relative volatility for the 113 analytes were determined experimentally. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Hiatt, M H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1127 EP - 1134 VL - 69 IS - 6 KW - Analysis KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Tuna fish KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Analyses+of+fish+tissue+by+vacuum+distillation%2Fgas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry&rft.au=Hiatt%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Hiatt&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity-based approach to environmental protection AN - 13626645; 199802205 AB - Existing marine toxicity tests and test requirements in the U.S.A., the advantages and limitations of the toxicity-based approach to environmental protection adopted by the U.S. EPA, and possible developments in pollution regulations are briefly reviewed. Six marine test organisms which are used for regulatory and scientific purposes are described namely: Mysidopsis bahia (mysid shrimp), Menidia berrylina (silverside), Arbacia punctulata (sea urchin), Champia parvula (red alga), Ampelisca abdita (amphipod) and Vibrio fischeri. Toxicity testing is usually combined with chemical screening. Limitations of the methods are that the regulations do not include non-point sources of pollution, the allocation of waste load in multiple discharges to one receiving body of water is often ignored and dischargers are often unable to meet toxicity limits because of the ionic balance of the discharge water. The use of Toxicity Identification and Evaluation (TIE) methods to characterize and identify toxicants in municipal and industrial effluents is outlined. Ecological risk assessment, an integrated environmental approach which may be reflected in future regulations, is discussed. JF - European Water Pollution Control AU - Ho, K AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 49 EP - 52 VL - 7 IS - 4 KW - Ampelisca KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Tied KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626645?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Water+Pollution+Control&rft.atitle=Toxicity-based+approach+to+environmental+protection&rft.au=Ho%2C+K&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=European+Water+Pollution+Control&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biosolids management in the United States AN - 13626601; 199800901 AB - Biosolids management practices have changed significantly in the past 10 to 20 years. Practices have moved away from disposal techniques and more towards beneficial uses. Many facilities have displayed an increased interest in land-applying biosolids; using heat drying and pelletizing; composting; and alkaline stabilization processes. Treatment and equipment improvements, rising costs and changes in regulatory policies have influenced the beneficial uses trend. Details of management improvements, regulatory requirements and infrastructure and acceptance barriers are provided. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Abstain, R K AD - EPA Office of Wastewater Management Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 45 EP - 50 VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Equipment KW - Stabilization (see also fixation, solidification) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626601?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Biosolids+management+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Abstain%2C+R+K&rft.aulast=Abstain&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cellular fluorescence capacity as an endpoint in algal toxicity testing AN - 13626259; 199803207 AB - Cellular fluorescence capacity (CFC) was examined in Selenastrum capricornutum as a toxicity endpoint for algae. CFC was compared in 24 and 96 h bioassays with copper, zinc, pentachlorophenol, sewage treatment works effluent and sediment pore samples. The study indicated that CFC was more sensitive than the 24 h growth response bioassay but not the 96 h response. CFC was a useful endpoint in toxicity determinations with the potential as a rapid short term screening response. JF - Chemosphere AU - Thompson, JA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 2027 EP - 2037 VL - 35 IS - 9 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Algae (see also individual groups below) KW - Aurelia KW - Cfc KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626259?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Cellular+fluorescence+capacity+as+an+endpoint+in+algal+toxicity+testing&rft.au=Thompson%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Thompson&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2027&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting modes of toxic action from chemical structure: acute toxicity in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) AN - 13626146; 199800939 AB - A chemical data set of 600 compounds was established by collaborative research which contained 96-h LC50 values for the fathead minnow. It served as a foundation for the development of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) which related with modes of acute toxic action to chemical structure and properties. It contained toxicodynamic profiles, and behavioural and dose-response interpretation of the 96-h LC50 values. Using the results of these efforts and principles from the toxicological literature, the chemicals were classified as either narcotics, oxidative phosphorylation uncouplers, respiratory inhibitors, electrophiles /proelectrophiles, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, or central nervous system seizure agents. A computer-based expert system was then established allowing chemical structures to be associated with likely modes of toxic action and the corresponding QSAR. Appendices list the chemical types and individual compounds associated with the modes of toxic action. There are 67 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Russom, CL AU - Bradbury, S P AU - Broderius, S J AU - Hammermeister, DE AU - Drummond, R A AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 948 EP - 967 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Quantitative structure-activity relationships KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626146?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Predicting+modes+of+toxic+action+from+chemical+structure%3A+acute+toxicity+in+the+fathead+minnow+%28Pimephales+promelas%29&rft.au=Russom%2C+CL%3BBradbury%2C+S+P%3BBroderius%2C+S+J%3BHammermeister%2C+DE%3BDrummond%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Russom&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=948&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of acclimation period on the relationship of acute copper toxicity to water hardness for fathead minnows AN - 13626093; 199800954 AB - The acute toxicity of copper sulphate to fathead minnows was tested in a 2 x 2 factorial experiment with low and high water hardness during a two-week acclimation period and during the experimental period. Acclimation hardness had no significant effects on LC50 but exposure hardness had major effects. The dose-response curves showed consistent, major shifts to higher concentrations for the high exposure hardness. The LC50 ranged from 2- to 3-fold higher at the high exposure hardness than at the low exposure hardness, regardless of the acclimation hardness. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Erickson, R J AU - Kleiner, C F AU - Fiandt, J T AU - Highland, T L AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 813 EP - 815 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626093?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effect+of+acclimation+period+on+the+relationship+of+acute+copper+toxicity+to+water+hardness+for+fathead+minnows&rft.au=Erickson%2C+R+J%3BKleiner%2C+C+F%3BFiandt%2C+J+T%3BHighland%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Erickson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=813&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation of selenium and arsenic compounds by capillary electrophoresis with hydrodynamically modified electroosmotic flow and on-line reduction of selenium(VI) to selenium(IV) with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection AN - 13626046; 199803249 AB - An on-line capillary electrophoresis-hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry system was used to determine 4 arsenic species and 2 selenium species (selenium(IV) and selenium(VI)) in water. On-line reduction of selenium(VI) to selenium(IV) was achieved by mixing the capillary electrophoresis effluent with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The potential of the hydrochloric acid reductant to produce interferants (such as arsenic-40 chloride-35 and arsenic-40 chloride-37) was eliminated by passing the hydrides through a membrane gas-liquid separator. Use of hydrodynamic pressure to reverse the direction of electroosmotic flow permitted control of elution times, thereby increasing choice of buffer; the buffer chosen was potassium hydrogenphthalate-20 mM boric acid (pH 9.03). The method detection limits for selenium(IV) and selenium(VI), based on 7 replicate injections, were 10 and 24 pg, respectively. Average recoveries of selenium(IV) and selenium(VI) from 3 fortified drinking waters were 86-100 per cent and 86-97 per cent, respectively. The ability of the system to determine arsenic and selenium species simultaneously was demonstrated. There are 34 references. JF - Analyst (London) AU - Magnuson, M L AU - Creed, J T AU - Brockhoff, CA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1057 EP - 1061 VL - 122 IS - 10 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Online KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Speciation+of+selenium+and+arsenic+compounds+by+capillary+electrophoresis+with+hydrodynamically+modified+electroosmotic+flow+and+on-line+reduction+of+selenium%28VI%29+to+selenium%28IV%29+with+hydride+generation+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometric+detection&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+M+L%3BCreed%2C+J+T%3BBrockhoff%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1057&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statistical models to predict the toxicity of major ions to Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas (fathead minnows) AN - 13625834; 199803210 AB - The toxicity of over 2900 ion solutions was studied to provide a predictive tool. Multiple logistic regression was used to relate ion composition to survival of Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia magna and Pimephales promelas. Relative ion toxicity was potassium ion greater than bicarbonate which was approximately equal to magnesium greater than chlorine greater than sulphate ion. Sodium and calcium ions were not significant suggesting toxicity was due to their corresponding anion. Toxicity of chlorine, sulphate and potassium ions was reduced in solutions enriched with more than one cation. Regression models indicated a good quality of fit to the data (R2 equal to 0.767-0.861). The C. dubia model indicated high accuracy while D. magna and P. promelas models over-predicted ion toxicity. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Mount AU - Gulley, D D AU - Hockett, J R AU - Garrison, T D AU - Evans, J M AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 2009 EP - 2019 VL - 16 IS - 10 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - 861 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13625834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Statistical+models+to+predict+the+toxicity+of+major+ions+to+Ceriodaphnia+dubia%2C+Daphnia+magna+and+Pimephales+promelas+%28fathead+minnows%29&rft.au=Mount%3BGulley%2C+D+D%3BHockett%2C+J+R%3BGarrison%2C+T+D%3BEvans%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Mount&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2009&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Functional responses in Leptoxis praerosa to increasing metal concentration and exposure duration AN - 13625192; 199802456 AB - The protectiveness of the U.S. EPA ambient water quality criteria for copper and zinc was examined using the snail Leptoxis praerosa in short- and long-term artificial stream tests. Acute criteria were obtained in 96 h survival tests, chronic criteria by comparing cellulolytic enzyme activity impairment, bioconcentration, and survival in 14, 20, 30 and 114 d exposures. Cellulolytic enzyme activity was measured by homogenizing soft tissues in a phosphate buffer, centrifuging and examining the supernatant. The solid pellet was analysed for metals to obtain the bioconcentration. Significant copper bioconcentration occurred within 40 d at the chronic copper criteria concentration, followed by cellulolytic enzyme activity impairment within 54 d. Similar values were obtained for zinc but survival was much higher than for copper-exposed snails. The effects of both metals were approximately additive. Abbreviated and short-term chronic tests underestimated long-term toxicity for some molluscs. Patterns of bioconcentration and cellulolytic enzyme activity indicated that similar effects were experienced by increased duration and concentration. Further studies of toxicity mechanisms would yield methods of predicting long-term effects on organisms. There are 40 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Reed-Judkins, D K AU - Farris, J L AU - Cherry, D S AU - Heath, A G AU - Cairns, J AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1666 EP - 1676 VL - 16 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Enzymes (see also individual groups below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13625192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Functional+responses+in+Leptoxis+praerosa+to+increasing+metal+concentration+and+exposure+duration&rft.au=Reed-Judkins%2C+D+K%3BFarris%2C+J+L%3BCherry%2C+D+S%3BHeath%2C+A+G%3BCairns%2C+J&rft.aulast=Reed-Judkins&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1666&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity and bioaccumulation of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in long-term tests with the freshwater benthic invertebrates Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus AN - 13625130; 199801498 AB - The effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) at 3 dietary concentrations (30, 300 and 3000 ng total organic content per g) on survival, growth and reproduction in the freshwater benthic invertebrates, Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus, were determined for full life-cycle exposures. No significant effects were observed at measured maximal residue levels of 6.876 ng TCDD per g lipid in C. tentans or 9.533 ng TCDD per g lipid in L. variegatus. This lack of sensitivity may have been due to the absence of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in aquatic invertebrates. Tissue TCDD concentrations predicted from food TCDD concentrations on a lipid-normalized basis were within 15 per cent of measured concentrations in both species. Kinetic analysis of TCDD depuration data indicated that elimination followed first-order kinetics, with elimination rate-constants of 0.0014 to 0.0022 per h in L. variegatus and 0.0070 to 0.0099 per h in C. tentans, and half-lives of 315 to 495 h in L. variegatus and 70 to 99 h in C. tentans. The potential for high TCDD concentrations in insensitive invertebrates to be transferred to sensitive vertebrates via aquatic food webs is of relevance to ecological risk assessments. There are 36 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - West, C W AU - Ankley, G T AU - Nichols, J W AU - Elonen, GE AU - Nessa, DE AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1287 EP - 1294 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Animals (vertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Hazard KW - Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13625130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Toxicity+and+bioaccumulation+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+in+long-term+tests+with+the+freshwater+benthic+invertebrates+Chironomus+tentans+and+Lumbriculus+variegatus&rft.au=West%2C+C+W%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BNichols%2C+J+W%3BElonen%2C+GE%3BNessa%2C+DE&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concentrations of stable isotope values of BTEX in gasoline-contaminated groundwater AN - 13624217; 199802560 AB - Concentrations and delta carbon-13 values of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) were measured at a petroleum-contaminated site. BTEX were analysed by gas chromatography followed by mass spectrometric techniques. Concentrations of below 0.5 ppb to 120 ppm BTEX as carbon were measured, with toluene generally being greatest. BTEX compounds at the sampling wells showed average delta carbon-13 values, in ppt of minus 23.8-minus 26.6, minus 22.9-minus 25.2, minus 23.0-minus 25.3 and minus 22.4-minus 25.0 for benzene, toluene, p and m-xylenes and o-xylene, respectively. The data suggested 2 sources, one enriched in carbon-12 and the other in carbon-13; the latter also contained higher concentrations of methyl tertiary butyl ether, an additive of unleaded petrol. The results showed that leaded and unleaded petrol at the site were isotopically distinct. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Kelley, CA AU - Hammer, B T AU - Coffin, R B AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 2469 EP - 2472 VL - 31 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Analysis KW - Ethylbenzene KW - Methyl tertiary butyl ether KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13624217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Concentrations+of+stable+isotope+values+of+BTEX+in+gasoline-contaminated+groundwater&rft.au=Kelley%2C+CA%3BHammer%2C+B+T%3BCoffin%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Kelley&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioaccumulation factors for chlorinated benzenes, chlorinated butadienes and hexachloroethane AN - 13624128; 199802250 AB - A series of four 7 d 24 h composite ambient water samples were collected from a sampling station, together with 4 resident species: mummichog, blue crab, gulf menhaden and Atlantic croaker. They were analysed for a range of chlorinated organic compounds by U.S. EPA methods which included extraction, clean-up, fractionation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Bioaccumulation factors (BAF) were calculated from the data. The measured BAF for the fish species were similar as were those for blue crab except for hexachloroethane, E- and Z-1,1,2,3,4-pentachlorobuta-1,3-diene and hexachlorobuta-1,3-diene, which were about 10 per cent of the values for the fish. The measured BAF also agreed with published values and those predicted using 2 methods of the U.S. EPA, again with the exception of the results for blue crab for the compounds listed above. These were considerably lower than literature or predicted BAF. These smaller values were consistent with the metabolic abilities of the blue crab. There are 57 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Burkhard, L P AU - Sheedy, B R AU - McCauley, D J AU - DeGraeve, G M AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1677 EP - 1686 VL - 16 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Hexachloroethane KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13624128?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Bioaccumulation+factors+for+chlorinated+benzenes%2C+chlorinated+butadienes+and+hexachloroethane&rft.au=Burkhard%2C+L+P%3BSheedy%2C+B+R%3BMcCauley%2C+D+J%3BDeGraeve%2C+G+M&rft.aulast=Burkhard&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1677&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - USEPA's infrastructure needs survey AN - 13623277; 199804262 AB - A recently completed survey of drinking water infrastructure needs, which was conducted by the U.S. EPA, showed that a 138.4 billion U.S. dollar investment in infrastructure would be needed in the U.S.A. in the next 20 years. More than 76.8 billion U.S. dollars of this total was needed now for infrastructure improvements to protect public health, and of which 12.1 billion U.S. dollars related to improvements required to meet standards set by the Safe Drinking Water Act. Distribution and transmission systems upgrades would cost 77.2 billion U.S. dollars. Treatment facility improvements required 36.2 billion U.S. dollars to control contaminants that cause both chronic and acute health effects and secondary contaminants. To improve storage facilities 12.1 billion U.S. dollars would be needed and 11 billion U.S. dollars to rehabilitate or develop water sources and to store untreated water. Water system requirements according to system size and the needs of American Indian and Alaska Native water systems are discussed. The needs of households not connected to community water systems are assessed. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Davies, C AU - Fraser, D L AU - Hertzler, P C AU - Jones, R T AD - US EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 30 EP - 38 VL - 89 IS - 12 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13623277?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=USEPA%27s+infrastructure+needs+survey&rft.au=Davies%2C+C%3BFraser%2C+D+L%3BHertzler%2C+P+C%3BJones%2C+R+T&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=30&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Cost Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary characterizations in a study of human exposures in the Lower Rio Grande Valley: II. Household waters AN - 13622333; 199803183 AB - The Lower Rio Grande Valley Environmental Study (LRGVES) is a study to identify the range and frequency of compounds that may affect the health of valley residents. The dietary components of the LRGVES scoping study are described. Drinking water and household water samples were collected along with food and beverage samples of 9 residences in the valley. The water samples were analysed for various organic compounds, including volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, pesticides, haloacetic acids, chlorinated acids and benzidines, trace elements, selected anions and bacteria. Essentially 3 sources of water were used; municipal water supplies taken from the household tap; vended water collected from storage containers in the household and a private well. Generally, organic and inorganic chemicals found in household waters were below the regulatory levels for drinking water. However, levels associated with aesthetic quality (taste, odour and colour) and chemicals involved with the disinfection process (i.e. total trihalomethanes) were exceeded in some instances. The most notable results were associated with the microbiological quality of the water. Tests indicated that residents may be unknowingly electing to expose themselves to risk by storing drinking water from commercial vending machines in unsanitary containers, as opposed to drinking tap water which is not aesthetically pleasing. Coliform levels exceeded federal criteria in water from several residents who did not regularly disinfect water storage containers. Water from the private well also had microbial contamination as the owner did not treat or sanitize the water before piping it into the home. The study identified the need for intervention and education to reduce the exposure of valley residents. JF - Environment International AU - Berry, M R AU - Johnson, L S AU - Brenner, K P AU - Thomas, K W AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 693 EP - 703 VL - 23 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - Analysis KW - Haloacetic acids KW - Hazard KW - Inorganic -- (see also without this prefix) KW - Pipes (see also conduits, drains, pipelines,sewers) KW - Reduction KW - World health organization KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13622333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Dietary+characterizations+in+a+study+of+human+exposures+in+the+Lower+Rio+Grande+Valley%3A+II.+Household+waters&rft.au=Berry%2C+M+R%3BJohnson%2C+L+S%3BBrenner%2C+K+P%3BThomas%2C+K+W&rft.aulast=Berry&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=693&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A summary of state wellhead protection programmes AN - 13621754; 199801581 AB - Forty-three American states and 2 territories approved wellhead protection programmes under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) from February 1997. Elements of an approved wellhead protection programme are given. A summary of State Wellhead Protection Programmes gives a brief collective overview of programme development for most of the approved programmes. Major directions discerned are the use of a combination of delineation approaches, the development of contaminant source inventories, the sharing of protection implementation with local agencies, the existence of emergency planning for alternate water supplies and the use of comprehensive public participation processes. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Job, C AD - US EPA Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 61 EP - 63 VL - 17 IS - 2 KW - State KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13621754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=A+summary+of+state+wellhead+protection+programmes&rft.au=Job%2C+C&rft.aulast=Job&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lessons learned; a discussion of the methodology used for expansion of Ohio's ambient ground water monitoring network AN - 1008820942; 2012-041117 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Bamberger, M J W AU - Musser, K J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 53 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 42 KW - United States KW - networks KW - methods KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - well logs KW - data KW - water wells KW - Ohio KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008820942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=Lessons+learned%3B+a+discussion+of+the+methodology+used+for+expansion+of+Ohio%27s+ambient+ground+water+monitoring+network&rft.au=Bamberger%2C+M+J+W%3BMusser%2C+K+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bamberger&rft.aufirst=M+J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 42nd annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data; ground water; methods; monitoring; networks; Ohio; United States; water quality; water wells; well logs ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The chlorinated solvent contamination of the unconsolidated sand and gravel Muskingum River valley aquifer in Ohio AN - 1008819834; 2012-041105 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Jacobs, S Jane AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 37 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 42 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - outwash KW - gravel KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Morgan County Ohio KW - sedimentary rocks KW - glacial environment KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Muskingum River KW - Ohio KW - bedrock KW - sand KW - water supply KW - valleys KW - clastic sediments KW - shale KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - samples KW - aquifers KW - recharge KW - organic compounds KW - unconsolidated materials KW - trichloroethylene KW - water wells KW - clastic rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008819834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=The+chlorinated+solvent+contamination+of+the+unconsolidated+sand+and+gravel+Muskingum+River+valley+aquifer+in+Ohio&rft.au=Jacobs%2C+S+Jane%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Jacobs&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 42nd annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bedrock; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; glacial environment; gravel; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Morgan County Ohio; Muskingum River; Ohio; organic compounds; outwash; pollution; recharge; remediation; samples; sand; sedimentary rocks; sediments; shale; surface water; trichloroethylene; unconsolidated materials; United States; valleys; water supply; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface water impacts on groundwater quality in a shallow limestone and dolomite bedrock aquifer, Clark County, Ohio AN - 1008819821; 2012-041103 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Bendula, Rich AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 33 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 42 KW - United States KW - limestone KW - water quality KW - Springfield Dolomite KW - Brassfield Limestone KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - dolostone KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Ohio KW - bedrock KW - Paleozoic KW - human activity KW - Clark County Ohio KW - surface water KW - Cedarville Dolomite KW - pollution KW - Dayton Limestone KW - samples KW - Silurian KW - aquifers KW - bacteria KW - turbidity KW - carbonate rocks KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1008819821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=Surface+water+impacts+on+groundwater+quality+in+a+shallow+limestone+and+dolomite+bedrock+aquifer%2C+Clark+County%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Bendula%2C+Rich%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bendula&rft.aufirst=Rich&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 42nd annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; atmospheric precipitation; bacteria; bedrock; Brassfield Limestone; carbonate rocks; Cedarville Dolomite; Clark County Ohio; Dayton Limestone; dolostone; ground water; human activity; limestone; Ohio; Paleozoic; pollution; samples; sedimentary rocks; Silurian; Springfield Dolomite; surface water; turbidity; United States; water quality; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory implications: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. AN - 78649333; 8993578 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Fenner-Crisp, P A AD - Office of Pesticide Programs (7501C), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D. C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/12/27/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Dec 27 SP - 636 EP - 640 VL - 804 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Microbodies -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78649333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Regulatory+implications%3A+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency.&rft.au=Fenner-Crisp%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Fenner-Crisp&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-12-27&rft.volume=804&rft.issue=&rft.spage=636&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of influenza virus infection on ovalbumin-specific IgE responses to inhaled antigen in the rat. AN - 78634901; 8977628 AB - Upper respiratory tract viral infections have been reported in clinical studies to serve as risk factors for allergic sensitization. In order to study the relationship linking influenza virus illnesses to development of allergy, murine models of allergen sensitization were previously employed. These models showed that lethal influenza viruses were able to trigger allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) production and to inhibit tolerance to repeated exposure to aerosolized allergen in the mouse. The disadvantage of these murine models consists in the utilization of virulant and lethal strains of influenza virus. A nonlethal rat-adapted influenza virus (RAIV) host resistance model has been developed in our laboratory. It was used to evaluate the effect of influenza virus infection on IgE responses to inhaled ovalbumin (OA) in the rat. The high IgE-responder Brown-Norway (BN) rat was chosen for further study after comparing the IgE response to OA in Fischer 344 (F344) and BN rats. On d 1, BN rats were sensitized by administration of 1 mg OA subcutaneously alone or together with aluminum hydroxide (200 mg) and Bordetella pertussis (15 x 10(9) killed bacilli per rat in 1 ml), or only received saline. Rats were either infected with RAIV or sham-infected on d 0 (24 h prior to sensitization) or on d 15, 17, or 57. Rats were exposed for 3 min to aerosolized OA (OA 3% in phosphate-buffered saline) every week, starting on d 18. Serum OA-specific IgE was evaluated by reverse enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 3 d after each OA challenge. BN rats elicited a detectable OA-specific IgE response that decreased after repeated aerosol exposures. Influenza virus infection transiently increased the OA-specific IgE response when rats were immunized with OA alone and were infected 1 d prior to the first challenge and also when rats received only saline on d 1, were exposed each week to aerosolized OA, and were infected prior to the seventh challenge. These results, with data previously reported in mice, emphasize the importance of upper respiratory tract viral infection in increasing IgE responses to allergens and may be of importance in human disease. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Lebrec, H AU - Sarlo, K AU - Burleson, G R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/12/27/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Dec 27 SP - 619 EP - 630 VL - 49 IS - 6 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Immunoglobulin E KW - 37341-29-0 KW - Ovalbumin KW - 9006-59-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Virus Replication KW - Animals KW - Viral Plaque Assay KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections -- physiopathology KW - Rats, Inbred BN KW - Rats KW - Hypersensitivity -- immunology KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Risk Factors KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Female KW - Ovalbumin -- toxicity KW - Ovalbumin -- administration & dosage KW - Immunoglobulin E -- biosynthesis KW - Orthomyxoviridae -- pathogenicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78634901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Effect+of+influenza+virus+infection+on+ovalbumin-specific+IgE+responses+to+inhaled+antigen+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Lebrec%2C+H%3BSarlo%2C+K%3BBurleson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Lebrec&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-12-27&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The carcinogenicity of dichloroacetic acid in the male Fischer 344 rat. AN - 78636766; 8980710 AB - The chlorinated acetic acids, in particular dichloroacetic acid (DCA), are found as chlorine disinfection by-products in finished drinking water supplies. DCA has previously been demonstrated to be a mouse liver carcinogen. Chronic studies are described in which male Fischer (F344) rats were exposed to DCA in their drinking water. In the first study, 28 day old rats were exposed to a regimen of 0.05, 0.5 and 5.0 g/l DCA. When animals in the high dose group began to exhibit peripheral hind leg neuropathy, the dose was lowered in stages to 1 g/l. These animals were sacrificed at 60 weeks due to the severe, irreversible neuropathy and were not included in this analysis. The remaining groups of animals were treated for 100 weeks. In the second study, rats were initially exposed to 2.5 g/l DCA which was lowered to 1 g/l after 18 weeks. The mean daily concentration (MDC) of 1.6 g/l was calculated over the 103 week exposure period. Time-weighted mean daily doses (MDD) based on measured water consumption were 3.6, 40.2 and 139 mg/kg bw/day for the 0.05, 0.5 and 1.6 g/l DCA respectively. Based upon the pathologic examination, DCA induced observable signs of toxicity in the nervous system, liver and myocardium. However, treatment related neoplastic lesions were observed only in the liver. A statistically significant increase of carcinogenicity (hepatocellular carcinoma) was noted at 1.6 g/l DCA. Exposure to 0.5 g/l DCA increased-hepatocellular neoplasia, (carcinoma and adenoma) at 100 weeks. These data demonstrate that DCA is an hepatocarcinogen to the male F344 rat. Calculation of the MDD at which 50% of the animals exhibited liver neoplasia indicated that the F344 male rat (approximately 10 mg/kg bw/day) is ten times more sensitive than the B6C3F1 male mouse (approximately 100 mg/kg bw/day). A "no observed effects level' (NOEL) of 0.05 g/l (3.6 mg/kg/day) was the same as for the mouse (3-8 mg/kg/day). JF - Toxicology AU - DeAngelo, A B AU - Daniel, F B AU - Most, B M AU - Olson, G R AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/12/18/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Dec 18 SP - 207 EP - 221 VL - 114 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Palmitoyl Coenzyme A KW - 1763-10-6 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Mitotic Index -- drug effects KW - Water Supply KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Palmitoyl Coenzyme A -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Palmitoyl Coenzyme A -- biosynthesis KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- administration & dosage KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78636766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+carcinogenicity+of+dichloroacetic+acid+in+the+male+Fischer+344+rat.&rft.au=DeAngelo%2C+A+B%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BMost%2C+B+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=DeAngelo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-12-18&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-23 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response relationship for rat liver DNA damage caused by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine. AN - 78599866; 8947610 AB - An experimental approach was taken to the question of dose-response curves for chemical carcinogenesis, using DNA damage as a biomarker. Female rats were give 13 different doses of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (from 1.4 to 135,000 micrograms/kg) and the subsequent hepatic DNA damage was determined by the alkaline elution technique. DMH doses below 450 micrograms/kg did not significantly damage DNA; all DMH doses of 1000 micrograms/kg or higher damaged rat hepatic DNA (P < 0.05). In this study the x values (dose) ranged over five orders of magnitude and the y values (DNA damage) ranged 30-fold. Ten different regression models (linear, quadratic, cubic, power, and six nonlinear transition models) were compared in their ability to fit the experimental data. With respect to log transformed dose, the six nonlinear transition equations fit the data considerably better than the four power type of equations. A sigmoid model fit to the log transformed dose of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine had an r2 of 0.9979, a degree of freedom adjusted r2 of 0.9969, a F-statistic of 1,457, and a fit standard error of 0.50. With respect to untransformed dose, only three equations (sigmoid, cascade and gaussian cumulative) could creditably fit the DMH data. The experimental results are interpreted with respect to hormesis, use of log transformed dose, sigmoid dose-response models, thresholds of biological response and cancer risk assessment. JF - Toxicology AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AD - Biochemistry and Pathobiology Branch, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. kitchin@her145.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/12/02/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Dec 02 SP - 113 EP - 124 VL - 114 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Dimethylhydrazines KW - 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine KW - IX068S9745 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Linear Models KW - Models, Biological KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Dimethylhydrazines -- toxicity KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - DNA Damage KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Dimethylhydrazines -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78599866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dose-response+relationship+for+rat+liver+DNA+damage+caused+by+1%2C2-dimethylhydrazine.&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-12-02&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-02 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disruption of inositol phosphate accumulation in cerebellar granule cells by polychlorinated biphenyls: a consequence of altered Ca2+ homeostasis. AN - 78685545; 8975770 AB - The present study examined the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis as potential mechanisms underlying effects of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCB) on inositol phosphate (IP) signaling in cerebellar granule cells. DCB (100 microM) increased basal IP accumulation in cerebellar granule cells when the extracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]e) was 0.75 mM but not when [Ca2+]e was 1 microM. Ionomycin (0.1 to 30 microM), a Ca2+ ionophore, also increased basal IP accumulation and [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner in cerebellar granule cells in the absence of DCB; increases in basal IP accumulation induced by 100 microM DCB were not additive with ionomycin. Ionomycin also disrupted carbachol (CARB, 1 mM)-stimulated IP accumulation. A 30-min preincubation with 0.3 or 1.0 microM ionomycin decreased CARB-stimulated IP accumulation, whereas simultaneous addition of 1.0 and 10 microM ionomycin with CARB increased and decreased, respectively, IP accumulation. DCB caused concentration-dependent increases in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in cerebellar granule cells under experimental conditions identical to those used to measure IP accumulation. Following a one-half hour exposure to DMSO, 50 or 100 microM DCB, the [Ca2+]i was 36, 103, and 453 nM, respectively. We examined whether direct or indirect activation of PKC underlies DCB-induced inhibition of agonist-stimulated IP accumulation. DCB (100 microM) did not alter PKC activity in cytosolic or membrane fractions of granule cell homogenates. In intact cells, 50 nM phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate (PMA) inhibited CARB-stimulated IP accumulation by 80%, an effect which was blocked completely by the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (2 microM; BIM). However, inhibition of CARB-stimulated IP accumulation (90%) induced by 100 microM DCB was not relieved by BIM. These results suggest that (1) perturbations of Ca2+ homeostasis may underlie DCB effects on IP accumulation, (2) at a time which corresponds to addition of agonists in IP accumulation assays, [Ca2+]i is elevated in cerebellar granule cells exposed to DCB, and (3) activation of PKC is not a mechanism by which DCB inhibits agonist-stimulated IP accumulation. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Shafer, T J AU - Mundy, W R AU - Tilson, H A AU - Kodavanti, P R AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 448 EP - 455 VL - 141 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Inositol Phosphates KW - 0 KW - 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl KW - 1433W7U14D KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Protein Kinase C -- physiology KW - Homeostasis -- drug effects KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Inositol Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78685545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Disruption+of+inositol+phosphate+accumulation+in+cerebellar+granule+cells+by+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3A+a+consequence+of+altered+Ca2%2B+homeostasis.&rft.au=Shafer%2C+T+J%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BTilson%2C+H+A%3BKodavanti%2C+P+R&rft.aulast=Shafer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Texas+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00404403&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-06 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stimulation of human and rat alveolar macrophages by urban air particulates: effects on oxidant radical generation and cytokine production. AN - 78677392; 8975789 AB - A number of epidemiological studies have associated increased cardiopulmonary mortality and hospital admissions with episodes of high particulate air pollution. Inhaled particles, with a mass median aerodynamic diameter 167 microg/ml were also cytotoxic. Subcytotoxic concentrations of OFA induced a strong immediate chemiluminescence response by AM. A small but significant chemiluminescence response was induced by two out of three UAP tested, while no chemiluminescence was generated in response to DD. The magnitude of particle-induced chemiluminescence was not predictive of a cytokine response by either human or rat AM. TNF and IL-6 production was strongly induced by UAP over a range of noncytotoxic concentrations of particles. OFA induced only small amounts of TNF in a subset of human AM preparations, but not in rat AM. The AM cytokine response to UAP was partly inhibitable by polymyxin B, but not by the iron chelator deferoxamine, indicating that endotoxins but not transitional iron were cytokine-inducing moieties in the tested UAP preparations. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Becker, S AU - Soukup, J M AU - Gilmour, M I AU - Devlin, R B AD - EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 637 EP - 648 VL - 141 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Cytokines KW - Free Radicals KW - Oxidants KW - Polymyxin B KW - 1404-26-8 KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.27 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Luminescent Measurements KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Oxidants -- metabolism KW - Rats, Inbred BN KW - Polymyxin B -- pharmacology KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase -- secretion KW - Adolescent KW - Female KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- metabolism KW - Cytokines -- biosynthesis KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78677392?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Stimulation+of+human+and+rat+alveolar+macrophages+by+urban+air+particulates%3A+effects+on+oxidant+radical+generation+and+cytokine+production.&rft.au=Becker%2C+S%3BSoukup%2C+J+M%3BGilmour%2C+M+I%3BDevlin%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=637&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-06 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental exposure to benzene: an update. AN - 78655909; 9118882 AB - During the 1990s, several large-scale studies of benzene concentrations in air, food, and blood have added to our knowledge of its environmental occurrence. In general, the new studies have confirmed the earlier findings of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) studies and other large-scale studies in Germany and the Netherlands concerning the levels of exposure and major sources. For example, the new studies found that personal exposures exceeded indoor concentrations of benzene, which in turn exceeded outdoor concentrations. The new studies of food concentrations have confirmed earlier indications that food is not an important pathway for benzene exposure. The results of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on blood levels in a nationwide sample of 883 persons are in good agreement with the concentrations in exhaled breath measured in about 800 persons a decade earlier in the TEAM studies. Major sources of exposure continue to be active and passive smoking, auto exhaust, and driving or riding in automobiles. New methods in breath and blood sampling and analysis offer opportunities to investigate short-term peak exposures and resulting body burden under almost any conceivable field conditions. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Wallace, L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Reston, Virginia. wallace.lance@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 1129 EP - 1136 VL - 104 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Gasoline KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Benzene KW - J64922108F KW - Index Medicus KW - Gasoline -- toxicity KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Humans KW - Body Burden KW - Food Contamination -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Benzene -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Benzene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78655909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+exposure+to+benzene%3A+an+update.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-18 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Toxicol Ind Health. 1989 Dec;5(6):1017-24 [2626754] Cell Biol Toxicol. 1989 Nov;5(3):297-314 [2598086] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1991 Jan;1(1):45-61 [1824311] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1993 Jan-Mar;3(1):49-73 [7686062] J AOAC Int. 1993 Nov-Dec;76(6):1213-9 [8286958] Clin Chem. 1994 Jul;40(7 Pt 2):1401-4 [8013127] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Dec;101 Suppl 6:5-12 [7517353] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1994 Apr-Jun;4(2):183-95 [7549473] Environ Res. 1984 Oct;35(1):293-319 [6489295] Environ Res. 1987 Aug;43(2):290-307 [3608934] Br J Ind Med. 1988 May;45(5):345-52 [3378016] Arch Environ Health. 1987 Sep-Oct;42(5):272-9 [3452294] Environ Health Perspect. 1989 Jul;82:165-9 [2477239] Environ Res. 1989 Oct;50(1):37-55 [2792060] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1992 Jan-Mar;2(1):79-96 [1380369] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic inhalation toxicity and carcinogenicity testing of respirable fibrous particles. Workshop report. AN - 78635421; 8975745 AB - On May 8-10, 1995, a workshop on chronic inhalation toxicity and carcinogenicity testing of respirable fibrous particles was held in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The workshop was sponsored by the Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in collaboration with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The goal of the workshop was to obtain input from the scientific community on a number of issues related to fiber testing. Major issues for discussion were: (i) the optimal design and conduct of studies of the health effects of chronic inhalation exposure of animals to fibers; (ii) preliminary studies which would be useful guides in designing the chronic exposure study; (iii) mechanistic studies which would be important adjuncts to the chronic exposure study to enable better interpretation of study results and extrapolation of potential effects in exposed humans; and (iv) available screening tests which can be used to develop a minimum data set for (a) making decisions about the potential health hazard of the fibers and (b) prioritizing the need for further testing in a chronic inhalation study. After extensive discussion and debate of the workshop issues, the general consensus of the expert panel is that chronic inhalation studies of fibers in the rat are the most appropriate tests for predicting inhalation hazard and risk of fibers to humans. A number of guidances specific for the design and conduct of prechronic and chronic inhalation studies of fibers in rodents were recommended. For instance, it was recommended that along with other information (decrease in body weight, systemic toxicity, etc.), data should be obtained on lung burdens and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis to assist in establishing the chronic exposure levels. Lung burden data are also important for quantifying aspects of risk assessment related to dosimetric adjustments before extrapolation. Although mechanistic studies are not recommended as part of the standard chronic inhalation studies, the expert panel stressed the need for obtaining mechanistic information as far as possible during the course of subchronic or chronic inhalation studies. At present, no single assay and battery of short-term assays can predict the outcome of a chronic inhalation bioassay with respect to carcinogenic effects. Meanwhile, several short-term in vitro and in vivo studies that may be useful to assess the relative potential of fibrous substances to cause lung toxicity/carcinogenicity have been identified. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Vu, V AU - Barrett, J C AU - Roycroft, J AU - Schuman, L AU - Dankovic, D AU - Bbaro, P AU - Martonen, T AU - Pepelko, W AU - Lai, D AD - Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (7403), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 202 EP - 212 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Dust KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Government Agencies KW - Health Planning Guidelines KW - Research Design -- standards KW - Chronic Disease KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Dust -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78635421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Chronic+inhalation+toxicity+and+carcinogenicity+testing+of+respirable+fibrous+particles.+Workshop+report.&rft.au=Vu%2C+V%3BBarrett%2C+J+C%3BRoycroft%2C+J%3BSchuman%2C+L%3BDankovic%2C+D%3BBbaro%2C+P%3BMartonen%2C+T%3BPepelko%2C+W%3BLai%2C+D&rft.aulast=Vu&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A perspective on the risk assessment process for endocrine-disruptive effects on wildlife and human health. AN - 78629490; 8972105 AB - The topic of EDCs presents significant issues to the risk assessment process. In Table I, we have summarized many of the issues raised above. We have a working definition of an EDC, that provides a starting point for considering what chemicals are of concern. We also have an understanding of the important biological endpoints. Significantly, there are indications that large scale impacts might be occurring in both human and wildlife populations. Should these effects be confirmed and the causative agents identified, we will face difficult risk management decisions to minimize or mitigate the risks. Our present knowledge base, however, suggests that the traditional approach to assessing both noncancer and cancer endpoints will be suitable for toxicity mediated through disruption of endocrine systems, although there is controversy here as well. The fact that many EDCs share a common MOA should, in fact, assist in developing more scientifically defensible risk assessments, given that we must often extrapolate across doses and species in the absence of a mechanistic basis for noncancer effects. As more research focuses on the key uncertainties, we should acquire a better vision of the relative risks that EDCs pose to humans and wildlife. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Ankley, G T AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, (no.-71) National Health and Environmental Effects Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 731 EP - 739 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Xenobiotics KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecology KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Disease KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Risk Management KW - Carcinogens -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Health KW - Endocrine Glands -- drug effects KW - Xenobiotics -- pharmacology KW - Xenobiotics -- adverse effects KW - Health KW - Risk Assessment KW - Animals, Wild UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78629490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=A+perspective+on+the+risk+assessment+process+for+endocrine-disruptive+effects+on+wildlife+and+human+health.&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ligand-based identification of environmental estrogens. AN - 78597885; 8951225 AB - Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) paradigm, was used to examine the estrogen receptor (ER) binding affinities of a series of structurally diverse natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals of interest. The CoMFA/3D-QSAR model is statistically robust and internally consistent, and successfully illustrates that the overall steric and electrostatic properties of structurally diverse ligands for the estrogen receptor are both necessary and sufficient to describe the binding affinity. The ability of the model to accurately predict the ER binding affinity of an external test set of molecules suggests that structure-based 3D-QSAR models may be used to supplement the process of endocrine disruptor identification through prioritization of novel compounds for bioassay. The general application of this 3D-QSAR model within a toxicological framework is, at present, limited only by the quantity and quality of biological data for relevant biomarkers of toxicity and hormonal responsiveness. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Waller, C L AU - Oprea, T I AU - Chae, K AU - Park, H K AU - Korach, K S AU - Laws, S C AU - Wiese, T E AU - Kelce, W R AU - Gray, L E AD - Experimental Toxicology Divisions, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. waller@thor.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 1240 EP - 1248 VL - 9 IS - 8 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Ligands KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Index Medicus KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Models, Molecular KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Mice KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Estrogens -- metabolism KW - Estrogens -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78597885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Ligand-based+identification+of+environmental+estrogens.&rft.au=Waller%2C+C+L%3BOprea%2C+T+I%3BChae%2C+K%3BPark%2C+H+K%3BKorach%2C+K+S%3BLaws%2C+S+C%3BWiese%2C+T+E%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BGray%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Morphology of lead(II) and chromium(III) reaction products on phyllosilicate surfaces as determined by atomic force microscopy AN - 52722670; 1997-038550 AB - Redox and acid-base reactions play important roles in the fate of metal contaminants in soils and sediments. The presence of significant amounts of Cr, Pb and other toxic heavy metals in contaminated soils and sediments is of great environmental concern. Oxidation states and dissolution characteristics of the heavy metals can exert negative effects on the natural environment. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to follow the changes in morphology and structure of reaction products of Cr and Pb formed on mineral surfaces. Nitrate salts of Cr(III) and Pb(II) were used to replace the native exchangeable cations on muscovite and smectite surfaces and the metal-mineral systems were then reacted at different pH's and redox conditions. For Pb, aggregate morphological forms were found at pH 6.1 and 12.4. At pH 6.1, the mean roughness value was 0.70 nm, and at pH 12.4 it was 5.30 nm. The fractal dimensions were 2.03 at pH 6.1 and 2.05 at pH 12.4. For Cr(III), both layered and aggregate morphological forms were found at pH 6.8 and 10.8. The mean roughness values were 0.90 nm at pH 6.8 and 4.3 nm at pH 10.8. Fractal dimensions for both were 2.00. The effect of redox conditions on morphological characteristics was studied on a smectite substrate. The reduced clays were more compacted than oxidized ones and the reduced clay could reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III), forming new minerals on the surfaces. A geochemical equilibrium model, MINTEQA2, was used to simulate the experimental conditions and predict possible reaction products. Simulation results agreed well with data from experiments, providing evidence that modeling can provide a useful "reality check" for such studies. Together, MINTEQA2 and AFM can provide important information for evaluating the morphologies and chemical reactivities of metal reaction products formed on phyllosilicate surfaces under varying environmental conditions. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Gan, Huamin AU - Bailey, George W AU - Yu, Y Shane Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 734 EP - 743 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 44 IS - 6 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - processes KW - experimental studies KW - muscovite KW - clay mineralogy KW - data processing KW - atomic force microscopy KW - smectite KW - lead KW - MINTEQA2 KW - clay minerals KW - morphology KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - mica group KW - metals KW - digital simulation KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - chromium KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52722670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Morphology+of+lead%28II%29+and+chromium%28III%29+reaction+products+on+phyllosilicate+surfaces+as+determined+by+atomic+force+microscopy&rft.au=Gan%2C+Huamin%3BBailey%2C+George+W%3BYu%2C+Y+Shane&rft.aulast=Gan&rft.aufirst=Huamin&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=734&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy; atomic force microscopy data; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chromium; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; data processing; digital simulation; experimental studies; geochemistry; lead; metals; mica group; MINTEQA2; morphology; muscovite; pH; phase equilibria; processes; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adverse health effects due to soil and water acidification; a Swedish research program AN - 52716528; 1997-037296 JF - Ambio AU - Oskarsson, Agneta AU - Nordberg, Gunnar AU - Block, Mats AU - Rasmussen, Finn AU - Petterson, Rolf AU - Skerfving, Staffan AU - Vahter, Marie AU - Glynn, Anders Wicklund AU - Oborn, Ingrid AU - Heikensten, Marie-Louise AU - Thuvander, Ann Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 527 EP - 531 PB - Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm VL - 25 IS - 8 SN - 0044-7447, 0044-7447 KW - water quality KW - selenium KW - medical geology KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - drinking water KW - cadmium KW - acidic composition KW - trace elements KW - mobility KW - fallout KW - rain KW - soils KW - programs KW - toxic materials KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - research KW - acid rain KW - Scandinavia KW - metals KW - acidification KW - Sweden KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52716528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ambio&rft.atitle=Adverse+health+effects+due+to+soil+and+water+acidification%3B+a+Swedish+research+program&rft.au=Oskarsson%2C+Agneta%3BNordberg%2C+Gunnar%3BBlock%2C+Mats%3BRasmussen%2C+Finn%3BPetterson%2C+Rolf%3BSkerfving%2C+Staffan%3BVahter%2C+Marie%3BGlynn%2C+Anders+Wicklund%3BOborn%2C+Ingrid%3BHeikensten%2C+Marie-Louise%3BThuvander%2C+Ann&rft.aulast=Oskarsson&rft.aufirst=Agneta&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ambio&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMBOCX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidic composition; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; cadmium; drinking water; Europe; fallout; medical geology; metals; mobility; pollutants; pollution; programs; rain; research; Scandinavia; selenium; soils; surface water; Sweden; toxic materials; trace elements; water quality; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental impact assessment of tailings dispersal from a uranium mine using toxicity testing protocols AN - 52694575; 1997-057844 JF - Water Resources Bulletin AU - Rippon, G D AU - Riley, S J Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 1167 EP - 1175 PB - American Water Resources Association, Herndon, VA VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1370, 0043-1370 KW - water quality KW - Kakadu National Park KW - suspended materials KW - Northern Territory Australia KW - ecosystems KW - remediation KW - conductivity KW - toxicity KW - Ranger Mine KW - Australia KW - mines KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - Australasia KW - pollution KW - detection KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - tailings KW - actinides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52694575?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Environmental+impact+assessment+of+tailings+dispersal+from+a+uranium+mine+using+toxicity+testing+protocols&rft.au=Rippon%2C+G+D%3BRiley%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Rippon&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.issn=00431370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WARBAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; Australasia; Australia; concentration; conductivity; detection; ecosystems; Kakadu National Park; metals; mines; monitoring; Northern Territory Australia; pollution; Ranger Mine; remediation; risk assessment; suspended materials; tailings; toxic materials; toxicity; uranium; waste disposal; water quality; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sodium-copper exchange on Wyoming montmorillonite in chloride, perchlorate, nitrate, and sulfate solutions AN - 52610459; 1998-030633 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Zhang, Z Z AU - Sparks, D L Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 1750 EP - 1757 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 60 IS - 6 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - copper KW - sodium ion KW - halogens KW - anion exchange KW - aqueous solutions KW - copper ion KW - chemical reactions KW - chloride ion KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - montmorillonite KW - soils KW - chlorine KW - anions KW - sulfate ion KW - cation exchange capacity KW - alkali metals KW - electrolytes KW - sodium KW - perchlorate KW - clay minerals KW - Wyoming KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52610459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Sodium-copper+exchange+on+Wyoming+montmorillonite+in+chloride%2C+perchlorate%2C+nitrate%2C+and+sulfate+solutions&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Z+Z%3BSparks%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1750&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Del. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Paper Contrib. No. 1601 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; anion exchange; anions; aqueous solutions; cation exchange capacity; chemical reactions; chloride ion; chlorine; clay minerals; copper; copper ion; electrolytes; geochemistry; halogens; metals; montmorillonite; nitrate ion; perchlorate; sheet silicates; silicates; sodium; sodium ion; soils; sulfate ion; United States; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence in soil of transgenic plant produced Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki delta -endotoxin AN - 16086228; 4111978 AB - Transgenic plants that produce pesticidal proteins will release these proteins into the soil when these plants are incorporated into the soil by tillage or as leaf litter. Little is known about the fate and persistence of transgenic plant pesticidal products in the soil. We used a model system of transgenic cotton that produces Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki delta -endotoxin (Btk toxin) to evaluate the persistence of transgenic pesticides in soil. Purified Btk toxin or transgenic cotton leaves containing Btk toxin were added to soil in five different microcosm experiments in concentrations ranging from 1 to 1600 ng Btk toxin/g soil. The concentration of the extractable Btk toxin was measured for up to 140 days. An initial rapid decline in extractable toxin concentration in the first 14 days, followed by a slower decline, was observed in four of the five experiments. At the end of the experiments, Btk toxin from transgenic plant tissue was undetectable (less than 0.1% of starting concentration) in two of the microcosm experiments and at 3, 16, and 35% of the original amounts in the other experiments. In addition, experiments using gamma -irradiated sterilized soil indicated that the observed decline in extractable toxin concentration was due largely to biotic degradation rather than to physical adsorption by the soil. JF - Canadian Journal of Microbiology/Revue Canadienne de Microbiologie AU - Palm, C J AU - Schaller, D L AU - Donegan, K K AU - Seidler, R J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 1258 EP - 1262 VL - 42 IS - 12 SN - 0008-4166, 0008-4166 KW - delta -endotoxin KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - biological control KW - transgenic plants KW - Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki KW - soil KW - A 01014:Others KW - W2 32445:Pest control KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16086228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Microbiologie&rft.atitle=Persistence+in+soil+of+transgenic+plant+produced+Bacillus+thuringiensis+var.+kurstaki+delta+-endotoxin&rft.au=Palm%2C+C+J%3BSchaller%2C+D+L%3BDonegan%2C+K+K%3BSeidler%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Palm&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Microbiologie&rft.issn=00084166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biological control; transgenic plants; soil; Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental designs, statistics and interpretation AN - 15940110; 4057393 AB - The Working Group on Experimental Designs, Statistics and Interpretation considered the use of statistics in combination toxicology, the terminology used to describe the interactions(s) of chemicals, the use of efficient experimental designs to minimize animal use, the diverse interests and goals covered by combination toxicology and approaches useful for complex mixtures. The importance of the use of appropriate experimental designs and statistical methodology was recognized. Given the present lack of consensus on terminology and methodology, it is recommended that investigators provide in their publications the definition of additivity and the mathematical model being used. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Simmons, JE AU - Gennings, C AD - MD-74, NHEERL/US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 1169 EP - 1171 VL - 34 IS - 11-12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - mixtures KW - chemicals KW - methodology KW - statistical analysis KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - mathematical models KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15940110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Experimental+designs%2C+statistics+and+interpretation&rft.au=Simmons%2C+JE%3BGennings%2C+C&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=JE&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=1169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity testing; mathematical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A QSAR evaluation of Ah receptor binding of halogenated aromatic xenobiotics AN - 15934367; 4046696 AB - Because of their widespread occurrence and substantial biological activity, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) comprise one of the more important classes of contaminants in the environment. Some chemicals in this class cause adverse biological effects after binding to an intracellular cytosolic protein called the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Toxic responses such as thymic atrophy, weight loss, immunotoxicity, and acute lethality, as well as induction of cytochrome P4501A1, have been correlated with the relative affinity of PCBs, PCDFs, and PCDDs for the AhR. Therefore, an important step in predicting the effects of these chemicals is the estimation of their binding to the receptor. To date, however, the use of quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models to estimate binding affinity across multiple chemical classes has shown only modest success possibly due, in part, to a focus on minimum energy chemical structures as the active molecules. In this study, we evaluated the use of structural conformations other than those of minimum energy for the purpose of developing a model for AhR binding affinity that encompasses more of the halogenated aromatic chemicals known to interact with the receptor. Resultant QSAR models were robust, showing good utility across multiple classes of halogenated aromatic compounds. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Mekenyan, O G AU - Veith, G D AU - Call, D J AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804 USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 1302 EP - 1310 VL - 104 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - structure-activity relationship KW - PCB KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxins KW - Ah receptors KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - xenobiotics KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15934367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+QSAR+evaluation+of+Ah+receptor+binding+of+halogenated+aromatic+xenobiotics&rft.au=Mekenyan%2C+O+G%3BVeith%2C+G+D%3BCall%2C+D+J%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Mekenyan&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1302&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - halogenated hydrocarbons; xenobiotics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) embryo toxicity tests using the water soluble fraction of Number 2 fuel oil AN - 15899141; 4038906 AB - Toxicity test procedures using grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio exposed to water soluble fraction (WSF) of Number 2 fuel oil were modified to improve test utility and efficiency. The original test procedure, a 12-day embryo exposure period in glass tubes, was compared with modified 4-day and 12-day tests in plastic tissue culture plates. Comparison of LC sub(50) values, coefficients of variation and time to hatch indicated no significant change in test sensitivity due to the plastic containers. Sensitivity was slightly reduced by shortening the test to a 4-day exposure period initiated 9 days after oviposition. This exposure period encompassed sensitive life stages of the developing organism. Using the 4-day exposure in plastic plates, variability due to different broods and preparations of WSF was characterized. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Rayburn, J R AU - Glas, P S AU - Foss, S S AU - Fisher, W S AD - Natl. Res. Counc. (NHEERL-GED), Res. Associate, US Environ. Prot. Agency, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Gulf Ecol. Div., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 860 EP - 866 VL - 32 IS - 12 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Palaemonetes pugio KW - developmental stages KW - embryonic growth stage KW - embryos KW - fuel KW - fuels KW - indicator species KW - oil wastes KW - petroleum KW - pollution effects KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - shrimp KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - bioaccumulation KW - toxicity KW - Marine KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15899141?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+grass+shrimp+%28Palaemonetes+pugio%29+embryo+toxicity+tests+using+the+water+soluble+fraction+of+Number+2+fuel+oil&rft.au=Rayburn%2C+J+R%3BGlas%2C+P+S%3BFoss%2C+S+S%3BFisher%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Rayburn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=860&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - oil wastes; embryos; toxicity; indicator species; fuels; toxicity tests; developmental stages; petroleum; pollution effects; bioaccumulation; toxicity testing; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; shrimp; water pollution effects; fuel; embryonic growth stage; Palaemonetes pugio; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subcellular localization of TCDD differs between the liver, lungs, and kidneys after acute and subchronic exposure: Species/dose comparisons and possible mechanism AN - 15834908; 4007866 AB - Subcellular localization of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds has been examined only in the liver. The objective of this study was (1) to examine and compare the subcellular distribution of TCDD within hepatic and nonhepatic (lungs/kidneys) tissues of female Sprague-Dawley rats acutely exposed to TCDD, (2) to analyze species comparisons in the subcellular localization of TCDD in multiple tissues, (3) to investigate the effect of dose on subcellular distribution of TCDD, (4) to analyze the effect of subchronic exposure on the subcellular distribution of TCDD, and (5) to examine one possible mechanism for subcellular localization of TCDD. Female Sprague-Dawley rats and B6C3F1 mice received a single oral dose of 0.1, 1.0, or 10 mu g [ super(3)H]TCDD/kg body weight and subcellular fractions of the liver, lungs, and kidneys were prepared by differential centrifugation 3 days after exposure. Analysis of the rat subcellular fractions revealed that TCDD was equally distributed between the hepatic P9 (mitochondrial, lysosomal, and nuclear) and S9 (cytosol and microsomal) fractions at all doses tested. In contrast, TCDD was concentrated in the P9 of rat nonhepatic tissues at all doses studied. Differential centrifugation of the hepatic S9 showed that TCDD was localized within the hepatic P100 (microsomal) fraction at all doses tested. In contrast, TCDD localized in pulmonary and renal S100 (cytosolic) fractions at all doses. The subcellular distribution of TCDD in the liver and lungs of acutely exposed B6C3F1 mice was similar to that observed in the rats. Although TCDD was concentrated within the renal P9, the remainder of TCDD in the S9 was evenly distributed between the S100 and the P100 fractions of acutely exposed B6C3F1 mice. Subchronic exposure of B6C3F1 mice to 1.5 or 150 ng [ super(3)H]TCDD/kg/day revealed that increasing dose resulted in equal distribution of TCDD between the hepatic S9 and P9 versus concentration in the renal P9. In addition, a dose-dependent increase in accumulation of TCDD in the hepatic P100 was accompanied by a dose-dependent increase in TCDD localization in the renal S100 of mice subchronically exposed to TCDD. TCDD exposure in rats resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the induction of CYP1A1 protein and associated enzyme activity in hepatic, pulmonary, and renal microsomes. TCDD-induced CYP1A2 protein levels and associated enzymatic activity were only present in hepatic microsomes. This is the first report to suggest that subcellular distribution of TCDD differs between hepatic and nonhepatic tissues and demonstrate that the liver-specific microsomal localization of TCDD in female Sprague-Dawley rats also occurs in the liver of female B6C3F1 mice acutely or subchronically exposed to TCDD. In addition, these data are consistent with the hypothesis that the hepatic sequestration of TCDD is due to an interaction with CYP1A2. Furthermore, the lack of pulmonary/renal sequestration coupled with the lack of localization of TCDD in pulmonary/renal microsomes also supports the role of CYP1A2 as a hepatic microsomal binding protein involved in TCDD sequestration. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Santostefano, MJ AU - Johnson, K L AU - Whisnant, NA AU - Richardson, V M AU - DeVito, MJ AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Division, Pharmacokinetics Branch, Mail Drop-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 265 EP - 275 VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - rats KW - TCDD KW - CYP1A1 protein KW - CYP1A2 protein KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - liver KW - kidney KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15834908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Subcellular+localization+of+TCDD+differs+between+the+liver%2C+lungs%2C+and+kidneys+after+acute+and+subchronic+exposure%3A+Species%2Fdose+comparisons+and+possible+mechanism&rft.au=Santostefano%2C+MJ%3BJohnson%2C+K+L%3BWhisnant%2C+NA%3BRichardson%2C+V+M%3BDeVito%2C+MJ%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Santostefano&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liver; lung; kidney ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA seeks public health views on new pesticide law AN - 15780047; 3990105 AB - On August 3, 1996, President Clinton signed a landmark pesticide bill with major public health implications. The new law, known as the Food Quality Protection Act of 1996, gives the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) new tools to use in protecting the public from harmful pesticides. Many of the provisions are limited to pesticides used in agriculture; some sections of the law apply to all pesticides, which have such disparate uses as controlling pests on lawns and in the home, preventing infections in medical settings, and retarding fungal growth in paints. EPA's Office of Pesticide Programs is responsible for approving all pesticides used in the United States. To gain approval for the use of a chemical as a registered pesticide, companies submit a set of data showing that the chemical will be safe for its intended use. Registration generally takes one to three years but can take much longer. JF - Public Health Reports AU - Goldman, L R AD - US EPA (7101), 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 512 EP - 514 VL - 3 IS - 6 SN - 0033-3539, 0033-3539 KW - Food Quality Protection Act KW - EPA KW - federal regulations KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - food contamination KW - agrochemicals KW - legislation KW - pesticides KW - public health KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - H SE5.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15780047?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+Health+Reports&rft.atitle=EPA+seeks+public+health+views+on+new+pesticide+law&rft.au=Goldman%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+Health+Reports&rft.issn=00333539&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticides; legislation; federal regulations; EPA; public health; agrochemicals; food contamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A database designed to support dose-response analysis and risk assessment. AN - 78551034; 8931763 AB - Risk assessment for various human exposures depends on evaluation of existing toxicological literature from a variety of sources. Risk assessors may have limited resources for obtaining raw data, performing additional analyses and initiating new laboratory or epidemiological studies. These constraints must be balanced against a need to improve scientific credibility by developing improved statistical and analytical methods that optimize the use of the available information. A database is described that was designed specifically to support emerging analytical approaches for dose-response assessment, while accommodating the diverse nature of published literature. The database allows entry of exposure and response information in a relational multi-table design, with closely controlled standard fields for recording values and free-text fields for describing unique aspects of a study. To include data needed for current as well as proposed methods, multiple fields were created for different data types and for exposure characterization. The database structure allows rapid access to, and versatile use of, toxicological data for dose-response analyses. JF - Toxicology AU - Guth, D J AU - Raymond, T S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment-RTP, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/11/15/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Nov 15 SP - 81 EP - 90 VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Information Systems KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Computer Simulation KW - Sex Factors KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Aging KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78551034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+database+designed+to+support+dose-response+analysis+and+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Guth%2C+D+J%3BRaymond%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Guth&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-11-15&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-19 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of capillary electrophoresis/laser-induced fluorescence detection to groundwater migration studies. AN - 78739114; 9384723 AB - Capillary electrophoresis has been applied to the determination of groundwater migration based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection and traditional spectrofluorimetry. Detection limits of injected dye-fluorescent whitening agent (tinopal) in the low ppt ranges have been accomplished with both a spectrofluorometer and with CE/LIF based on the HeCd laser. The real-world problem was the determination of groundwater migration between adjacent Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and Superfund sites. Fluorescent dyes were injected into wells and were discovered in monitoring wells by extracting pads that adsorbed the dye. The methodology based on CE/LIF exhibits increased specificity over existing methodology due to the separation and unique migration time of the dye. Additional studies were aimed at achieving sub-ppt levels in the water directly using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and field-amplified injection techniques. JF - Journal of capillary electrophoresis AU - Brumley, W C AU - Ferguson, P L AU - Grange, A H AU - Donnelly, J L AU - Farley, J W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Characterization Research Division, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 295 EP - 299 VL - 3 IS - 6 SN - 1079-5383, 1079-5383 KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence -- methods KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary -- methods KW - Fresh Water -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78739114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.atitle=Applications+of+capillary+electrophoresis%2Flaser-induced+fluorescence+detection+to+groundwater+migration+studies.&rft.au=Brumley%2C+W+C%3BFerguson%2C+P+L%3BGrange%2C+A+H%3BDonnelly%2C+J+L%3BFarley%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Brumley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.issn=10795383&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling to combination toxicology. AN - 78711420; 9119317 AB - Non-additive toxicity has been demonstrated in laboratory animals for a large number of temporally separated or concurrent multiple chemical exposures. These exposures are typically at concentrations higher than those found in the environment, leading to the question of the applicability of the results to the human situation. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling has been applied successfully to single chemicals; its utility for extrapolation across species and dose has been demonstrated. Use of PBPK modelling in the study of chemical mixtures is increasing although still limited. The use of PBPK modelling by various investigators in the field of combination toxicology is reviewed. PBPK modelling has been used to examine: the role of increased metabolism in non-additive toxicity resulting from temporally separated exposures; the influence of the time interval separating two chemical exposures; and the role of inhibition of metabolism in concurrent exposure to two chemicals. In summary, development of a PBPK or PBPK/pharmacodynamic model for a combined exposure provides a basis for extrapolation across species, route and dose, and a useful tool for risk assessment. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Simmons, J E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 1067 EP - 1073 VL - 34 IS - 11-12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Pyrazoles KW - Solvents KW - pyrazole KW - 3QD5KJZ7ZJ KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Solvents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Humans KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity KW - Rats KW - Pyrazoles -- toxicity KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Research Design -- standards KW - Models, Chemical KW - Drug Interactions KW - Toxicology -- trends KW - Pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78711420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Application+of+physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+modelling+to+combination+toxicology.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=1067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of rat epididymal sperm counts by IVOS HTM-IDENT and hemacytometer. AN - 78574891; 8946567 AB - Epididymal sperm counts, a common measurement in male reproductive toxicity studies, are routinely determined using a hemacytometer. Recently, computer assisted methods for automated sperm counts have been developed. In the present study we evaluated an automated system, the TOX IVOS (Hamilton Thorne Research, Beverly, MA) HTM-IDENT option, that utilizes a DNA-specific stain and fluorescence illumination to identify sperm for enumeration. Cauda and caput epididymal sperm counts were determined in 48 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, using both the hemacytometer and HTM-IDENT. The mean hemacytometer and HTM-IDENT counts (+/- SD) were 250 +/- 43 and 254 +/- 52 million, respectively, for cauda sperm, and 123 +/- 13 and 127 +/- 18 million, respectively, for caput sperm. The average coefficient of variation using the hemacytometer was 13.8% as compared to 17.3% for the HTM-IDENT. Comparison of the machine count and a visual count from the Display Statics screen of the HTM-IDENT indicated that when two or more sperm heads touched or overlapped, the machine counted them as one. Manual (visual) and machine counts when compared over a range of nine concentrations from 3.7 to 47.8 million/mL differed by 4 to 12% at the lowest to highest concentration. The concentration of epididymal sperm samples used in comparing the two counting methods ranged from 5.8 to 17.7 million/mL. Therefore, the HTM-IDENT undercounting error attributable to sperm heads touching was less than 6%. Overall the data indicate good agreement between the HTM-IDENT and the hemacytometer counts. Furthermore, both counting time and technician fatigue were markedly reduced. Thus the HTM-IDENT option improves the efficiency of epididymal sperm counting without loss of precision. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Strader, L F AU - Linder, R E AU - Perreault, S D AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 529 EP - 533 VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Microscopy KW - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Male KW - Epididymis -- cytology KW - Sperm Count -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78574891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+rat+epididymal+sperm+counts+by+IVOS+HTM-IDENT+and+hemacytometer.&rft.au=Strader%2C+L+F%3BLinder%2C+R+E%3BPerreault%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Strader&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-15 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactive effects between 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl in female B6C3F1 mice: tissue distribution and tissue-specific enzyme induction. AN - 78566691; 8937899 AB - The distribution of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 153) was studied in female B6C3F1 mice. Single doses of TCDD alone (0, 0.1, 1, or 10 micrograms [3H]TCDD/kg), PCB 153 alone (0, 3.58, 35.8, or 358 mg [14C]PCB 153/kg), and all possible combinations of these doses were administered in corn oil, po. At 7 days after dosing, 11 different tissues were analyzed for radioactivity. When TCDD was administered alone, TCDD-derived radioactivity distributed to all tissues in a dose-dependent manner, increasing with dose in the liver, while decreasing (as a percentage of the administered dose) in all other tissues. When PCB 153 was administered alone, the PCB 153 concentration was dose-dependently (percentage of dose) decreased in liver, skin, lung, adrenals, kidney, and blood; no dosimetric effects were observed in the other organs. Coadministration of low doses of both TCDD and PCB 153 resulted in little or no effect on the distribution of either compound. Interactive effects occurred in the pharmacokinetic behavior of both compounds only at higher doses. For example, the amount of TCDD in the liver was increased by 358 mg PCB 153/kg. In most other organs administration of PCB 153 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the TCDD content. Coadministration of PCB 153 with 10 micrograms TCDD/kg increased PCB 153 in the liver, but not in other tissues. These results clearly demonstrate that interactive effects on pharmacokinetic behavior occur only at high doses. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - van Birgelen, A P AU - Ross, D G AU - DeVito, M J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 118 EP - 131 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl KW - ZRU0C9E32O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Drug Interactions KW - Skin -- enzymology KW - Thymus Gland -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Adipose Tissue -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Isoenzymes -- biosynthesis KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Adipose Tissue -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Lung -- enzymology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacology KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78566691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Interactive+effects+between+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+and+2%2C2%27%2C4%2C4%27%2C5%2C5%27-hexachlorobiphenyl+in+female+B6C3F1+mice%3A+tissue+distribution+and+tissue-specific+enzyme+induction.&rft.au=van+Birgelen%2C+A+P%3BRoss%2C+D+G%3BDeVito%2C+M+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=van+Birgelen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A methodological approach for exposure assessment studies in residences using volatile organic compound-contaminated water. AN - 78563217; 8933751 AB - This paper presents a methodological approach for assessing total exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in residences using contaminated water supplies. This approach is founded on assessment of ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposures; both long-term (i.e., 12 to 24 hr) low-level exposures and short-term (i.e., approximately 10 min) high-level exposures are considered. The methodology is based on the collection of water samples to establish the identity of the contaminants, maximum source terms, and possible dermal and ingestion exposures; integrated whole-air samples are collected to assess long- and short-term inhalation exposures; whole-air grab samples are used to confirm peak and typical inhalation exposures; and alveolar breath samples are used to confirm exposures and to estimate contaminant concentrations in the blood of the test subjects. While we do not suggest that this methodology should supersede any current investigative approach, this material is primarily offered as a consolidated reference to the many people or organizations who might contemplate a study of this type. Application of this investigative protocol should provide detailed exposure assessment information, while it supplies critical real world data for risk assessment specialists, toxicologists, and modeling experts. Data from a recent field study assessing exposures to trichloroethylene are presented to illustrate the utility and some of the limitations of this strategy. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Lindstrom, A B AU - Pleil, J D AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. lindstrom.andrew@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 1058 EP - 1066 VL - 46 IS - 11 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Skin Absorption KW - Humans KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78563217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=A+methodological+approach+for+exposure+assessment+studies+in+residences+using+volatile+organic+compound-contaminated+water.&rft.au=Lindstrom%2C+A+B%3BPleil%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Lindstrom&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1058&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid distribution of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) to embryonic tissues in C57BL/6N mice and correlation with palatal uptake in vitro. AN - 78532602; 8917698 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetracholoridbenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a developmentally toxic environmental contaminant capable of inducing cleft palate and hydronephrosis in embryonic C57BL/6N mice. In this study, the disposition of TCDD was determined in pregnant C57BL/6N mice in the 24 hr immediately following oral administration on Gestation Day (GD) 12. TCDD was detected in maternal blood, liver, and fat and in the placenta, embryonic liver, and palate within 30 min after dosing on GD 12. The levels peaked in blood and placenta at 3 hr and in the other tissues at 8 hr. Levels of TCDD decreased slightly after 8 hr in embryonic liver and palate. In vitro systems were used to study the mechanisms of action of TCDD and in these models exposure is typically reported as concentration of TCDD in the culture medium. The present study is the first to allow a direct comparison of the level of TCDD in embryonic tissue after in vivo and in vitro exposures. Uptake of TCDD was determined in embryonic palatal organ culture and tissue levels were then expressed in comparable units for both in vivo and in vitro exposures. The data provide new information on distribution in the pregnant mouse and the embryo and also show that the palatal organ culture model provides a reasonable dosimetric representation of in utero exposure. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Birnbaum, L S AU - Diliberto, J J AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 256 EP - 263 VL - 141 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Autoradiography KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- blood KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78532602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Rapid+distribution+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+to+embryonic+tissues+in+C57BL%2F6N+mice+and+correlation+with+palatal+uptake+in+vitro.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-23 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in water and sediment quality for the Houston Ship Channel AN - 52702370; 1997-047628 JF - The Texas Journal of Science AU - Crocker, Philip A AU - Koska, Paul C Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 267 EP - 282 PB - Texas Academy of Science, San Angelo, TX VL - 48 IS - 4 SN - 0040-4403, 0040-4403 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - stream transport KW - copper KW - PCBs KW - data processing KW - suspended materials KW - nonpoint sources KW - nitrogen KW - carbon KW - data bases KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - organic carbon KW - nitrate ion KW - heavy metals KW - organic materials KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - sediment transport KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - Texas KW - Houston Ship Channel KW - organic compounds KW - San Jacinto River basin KW - metals KW - Turning Basin KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52702370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Texas+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=Trends+in+water+and+sediment+quality+for+the+Houston+Ship+Channel&rft.au=Crocker%2C+Philip+A%3BKoska%2C+Paul+C&rft.aulast=Crocker&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Texas+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00404403&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - TJSCAU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; carbon; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; copper; data bases; data processing; halogenated hydrocarbons; heavy metals; Houston Ship Channel; metals; monitoring; nitrate ion; nitrogen; nonpoint sources; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; San Jacinto River basin; sediment transport; solute transport; stream transport; suspended materials; Texas; Turning Basin; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Density effects in variably saturated media AN - 52658069; 1998-005969 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Boufadel, Michel C AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 275 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Galerkin method KW - finite element analysis KW - heterogeneous materials KW - density KW - saturated materials KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrodynamics KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52658069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Density+effects+in+variably+saturated+media&rft.au=Boufadel%2C+Michel+C%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Boufadel&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - density; finite element analysis; Galerkin method; ground water; heterogeneous materials; hydrodynamics; saturated materials; statistical analysis; two-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bunker Hill Basin groundwater remediation, San Bernardino, CA; a Superfund toxic cleanup heading toward success AN - 52630478; 1998-011409 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Mayer, Kevin P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 239 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - San Bernardino California KW - toxic materials KW - Newmark Superfund Site KW - Superfund KW - Riverside California KW - pollution KW - Riverside County California KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - California KW - Bunker Hill Basin KW - organic compounds KW - Southern California KW - alluvium aquifers KW - decontamination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - San Bernardino County California KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52630478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Bunker+Hill+Basin+groundwater+remediation%2C+San+Bernardino%2C+CA%3B+a+Superfund+toxic+cleanup+heading+toward+success&rft.au=Mayer%2C+Kevin+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mayer&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium aquifers; aquifers; Bunker Hill Basin; California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; drinking water; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Newmark Superfund Site; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; Riverside California; Riverside County California; San Bernardino California; San Bernardino County California; Southern California; Superfund; toxic materials; United States; water pollution; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics of chromate reduction during naphthalene degradation in a mixed culture AN - 16022394; 4085118 AB - A mixed culture of Bacillus sp. K1 and Sphingomonas paucimobilis EPA 505 was exposed to chromate and naphthalene. Batch experiments showed that chromate was reduced and naphthalene was degraded by the mixed culture. Chromate reduction occurred initially at a high rate followed by a decrease in rate until chromate reduction ceased. Chromate reduction decreased in the mixed culture when a lower ratio of S. paucimobilis EPA 505 to Bacillus sp. K1 was utilized. A kinetic model incoporating a term for the cell density ratio is proposed to describe chromate reduction in the mixed culture under both chromate limited and electron donor limited conditions. The validity of the model, and its parameter values, was verified by experimental data generated under a variety of initial population compositions and a broad range of chromate concentrations. The consistent result of experimental data with model predictions implies that the model is useful for evaluating the interactions and the use of mixed culture for chromate removal. (DBO) JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Shen, H AU - Pritchard, PH AU - Sewell, G W AD - U.S. EPA National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Subsurface Protection and Remediation Division, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 357 EP - 363 VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - chromate KW - naphthalene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - biodegradation KW - Bacillus KW - Sphingomonas paucimobilis KW - mixed culture KW - A 01063:Utilization KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16022394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Kinetics+of+chromate+reduction+during+naphthalene+degradation+in+a+mixed+culture&rft.au=Shen%2C+H%3BPritchard%2C+PH%3BSewell%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; mixed culture; Sphingomonas paucimobilis; Bacillus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of the single cell gel electrophoresis assay in detecting DNA single strand breaks in lung cells in vitro AN - 15945939; 4056009 AB - DNA single strand breaks (SSB) can be used as a biomarker of oxidant exposure, and also as an indicator of the carcinogenicity /mutagenicity of a substance. The single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay is more sensitive and requires fewer cells compared to other techniques used for detecting SSB. We examined the utility of using the SCGE assay for human lung cells exposed to endogenous and exogenous oxidants. A human bronchial cell line (BEAS) was used as a model of airway epithelial cells in this study. BEAS cells exposed to 0-50 mu M hydrogen peroxide (H sub(2)O sub(2)) for 60 min at 4 degree C exhibited a concentration-dependent increase in SSB as determined by an increased DNA migration area in a gel undergoing electrophoresis. H sub(2)O sub(2)-induced increases in DNA SSB were also demonstrated using cultured normal human tracheobronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells and human alveolar macrophages in a concentration response manner. BEAS cells were also exposed to air or ozone (O sub(3)) on a Transwell filter without medium present apically. Cells exposed to O sub(3) at 0.1 or 0.4 ppm at 37 degree C for up 120 min had a time- and concentration-dependent increase in SSB compared to air-exposed cells. NHBE cells exposed to 0.4 ppm O sub(3) (60 min) also had increased DNA SSB. Cells with H sub(2)O sub(2)-induced DNA SSB can be frozen and stored up to 4 weeks without altering the original DNA SSB. These findings indicate that SCGE can be used to detect SSB in cultured lung cells, and has applicability for detecting SSB in lung cells recovered from in vivo and in vitro exposures to oxidants. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Lee, Jiann-Gwu AU - Madden, M C AU - Reed, W AU - Adler, K AU - Devlin, R AD - MD# 58D, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 195 EP - 204 VL - 141 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - assays KW - single-cell gel electrophoresis KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA damage KW - lung KW - gel electrophoresis KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15945939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+use+of+the+single+cell+gel+electrophoresis+assay+in+detecting+DNA+single+strand+breaks+in+lung+cells+in+vitro&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jiann-Gwu%3BMadden%2C+M+C%3BReed%2C+W%3BAdler%2C+K%3BDevlin%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jiann-Gwu&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA damage; gel electrophoresis; lung ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interlaboratory evaluation of MI agar and the US Environmental Protection Agency-Approved Membrane Filter Method for the recovery of total coliforms and Escherichia coli from drinking water AN - 15793628; 3996977 AB - A new membrane filter (MF) medium, MI agar, recently validated for use in recovering chlorine-damaged total coliforms (TC) and Escherichia coli from drinking water, was compared to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-approved MF method (mEndo agar and nutrient agar supplemented with 4-methylumbelliferyl- beta -d-glucuronide) in a collaborative study. Six wastewater-spiked Cincinnati tap water samples, containing three different concentrations of E. coli ( less than or equal to 10, 11-30, and ?30 E. coli/100 ml), were analyzed concurrently by 19 geographically dispersed laboratories. Results showed that although the overall recoveries of TC and E. coli with MI agar were 12% and 26% greater, respectively, than those of the approved method, the differences were not statistically significant ( alpha =0.05). However, the overall recovery of background/non-coliforms by the new method, 5% of the mEndo agar recovery, was significantly lower (P=0.0009). Since the results of this study show MI agar to be equal to or better than the current method, it meets the criteria for routine compliance monitoring of drinking water. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Brenner, K P AU - Rankin, C C AU - Sivaganesan, M AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, ML 314 Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 111 EP - 119 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 27 IS - 2-3 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - MI agar KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - media (isolation) KW - coliforms KW - Escherichia coli KW - water pollution KW - drinking water KW - membrane filtration KW - A 01108:Other water systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15793628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Interlaboratory+evaluation+of+MI+agar+and+the+US+Environmental+Protection+Agency-Approved+Membrane+Filter+Method+for+the+recovery+of+total+coliforms+and+Escherichia+coli+from+drinking+water&rft.au=Brenner%2C+K+P%3BRankin%2C+C+C%3BSivaganesan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Brenner&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; drinking water; coliforms; membrane filtration; media (isolation); water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical basis for EPA's proposed regulation on the cleanup of sites contaminated with radioactivity AN - 1011392498; 2012-042385 JF - Health Physics AU - Wolbarst, A B AU - Mauro, J AU - Anigstein, R AU - Back, D AU - Bartlett, J W AU - Beres, D AU - Chan, D AU - Clark, M E AU - Doehnert, M AU - Durman, E AU - Hay, S AU - Hull, H B AU - Lailas, N AU - MacKinney, J AU - Ralston, L AU - Tsirigotis, P L Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 644 EP - 660 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York, NY VL - 71 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - environmental effects KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - carcinogens KW - waste management KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - Superfund sites KW - soils KW - protection KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - models KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1011392498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Technical+basis+for+EPA%27s+proposed+regulation+on+the+cleanup+of+sites+contaminated+with+radioactivity&rft.au=Wolbarst%2C+A+B%3BMauro%2C+J%3BAnigstein%2C+R%3BBack%2C+D%3BBartlett%2C+J+W%3BBeres%2C+D%3BChan%2C+D%3BClark%2C+M+E%3BDoehnert%2C+M%3BDurman%2C+E%3BHay%2C+S%3BHull%2C+H+B%3BLailas%2C+N%3BMacKinney%2C+J%3BRalston%2C+L%3BTsirigotis%2C+P+L&rft.aulast=Wolbarst&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.health-physics.com/pt/re/healthphys/home.htm;jsessionid=G5qSTXSp0vDSHYTCTzDnLVFQz7CBNyYYSGk1jRLYMGG4QvPYTKvJ!1240718814!-949856144!8091!-1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 56 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; carcinogens; concentration; decontamination; environmental effects; government agencies; ground water; isotopes; models; pollutants; pollution; protection; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; radioactivity; regulations; remediation; risk assessment; soils; Superfund sites; transport; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxicity of d-amphetamine in the C57BL/6J and CD-1 mouse. Interactions with stress and the adrenal system. AN - 78616436; 8959030 AB - Substantial evidence suggests that stress can alter the general toxicological properties of the substituted amphetamines (AMPs) as well as their psychostimulant properties. Research concerning the interactions between stress and the neurotoxicity associated with the AMPs is, however, limited. Our previous work demonstrated that a variety of AMPs, including d-METH, d-MDA, d-MDMA but not d-FEN are able to damage dopaminergic elements of the striatum as shown by decreases in dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase. The neurotoxic capabilities of these AMPs appear linked to their hyperpyrexic actions as diverse manipulations able to block AMP-induced hyperthermia are also neuroprotective. Surprising, since stress usually potentiates the actions of the AMPs, it is our finding that restraint, a commonly used stressor, is protective against the injurious actions of all neurotoxic AMPs evaluated to date. In the mouse restraint acts to elevate blood levels of corticosterone (CORT) by activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as well as inducing a profound hypothermia. The role CORT may play in the neuroprotective actions of restraint, if any, is unknown. Here, data is presented showing the impact of several HPA axis manipulations, including restraint, supplementation with CORT in the drinking water and removal of CORT by adrenalectomy (ADX) on the striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity of d-AMP. As strain is known to be a powerful determinant of the actions of stress an essential element of these experiments was the evaluation of both an inbred, C57BL/6J and outbred, CD-1, mouse strain. Exposure to d-AMP caused hyperthermia and substantial striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity in both strains suggesting that an elevation in body temperature is as important a component of the neurotoxicity of d-AMP, as it is of the other neurotoxic AMPs. Restraint was equally effective in both strains and completely blocked the hyperthermia and striatal neurotoxicity induced by d-AMP. CORT supplementation, evaluated in only the C57BL/6J mouse at dosages not capable of involuting either the thymus or the spleen, did not alter d-AMP-induced neurotoxicity. Although the immune system organs of the two strains responded differentially to the removal of CORT, ADX provided equivalent partial protection against the loss of dopaminergic elements in striatum for both strains. Adrenal status clearly affects d-AMP neurotoxicity but the interaction is complex. Future work should examine the roles of the cortical and medullary components of the adrenal gland in the neuroprotective actions of ADX. A precise assessment of the role of circulating CORT In the neurotoxicity of the AMPs will require additional work in which a wider range of CORT dosages, including those capable of involuting thymus and spleen, are evaluated. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Miller, D B AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/31/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 31 SP - 148 EP - 167 VL - 801 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Adrenal Cortex Hormones KW - 0 KW - Thyroid Hormones KW - Dextroamphetamine KW - TZ47U051FI KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Adrenal Cortex Hormones -- pharmacology KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- pathology KW - Spleen -- pathology KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Thyroid Hormones -- metabolism KW - Adrenalectomy KW - Organ Size KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Immobilization KW - Stress, Physiological -- metabolism KW - Corpus Striatum -- metabolism KW - Adrenal Glands -- physiology KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Adrenal Glands -- drug effects KW - Dextroamphetamine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78616436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Neurotoxicity+of+d-amphetamine+in+the+C57BL%2F6J+and+CD-1+mouse.+Interactions+with+stress+and+the+adrenal+system.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-10-31&rft.volume=801&rft.issue=&rft.spage=148&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and chronic administration of ibogaine to the rat results in astrogliosis that is not confined to the cerebellar vermis. AN - 78616339; 8959035 AB - Acute administration of high doses of ibogaine (IBG) to the male rat results in degeneration of Purkinje cells and reactive gliosis in the cerebellar vermis. We examined whether acute and chronic administration of IBG to male and female rats results in gliosis as determined by quantification of the astroglial intermediate filament protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). After acute administration of IBG, rats of both sexes showed dose-related increases in GFAP that were not confined to the cerebellar vermis. After chronic administration of IBG, female, but not male rats, showed large (as much as 200% of control), dose-related increases in GFAP in hippocampus, olfactory bulbs, brain stem and striatum, but not cerebellum. In hippocampus, the cytoskeletal proteins, neurofilament 68 (NF-68) and beta-tubulin were increased in females treated chronically with IBG, findings consistent with a damage-induced sprouting response. Together, the data indicate that IBG damages areas of the brain outside the cerebellum and that the sites damaged are dependent on sex and dosage regimen. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Rogers, T S AU - Rodman, L E AU - Page, J G AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects, Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/31/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 31 SP - 205 EP - 216 VL - 801 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Ibogaine KW - 3S814I130U KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Body Weight KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Astrocytes -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- pathology KW - Ibogaine -- adverse effects KW - Ibogaine -- pharmacology KW - Astrocytes -- pathology KW - Ibogaine -- administration & dosage KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism KW - Astrocytes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78616339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Role+of+photoreactions+in+controlling+rates+of+biodegradation+of+estuarine+dissolved+organic+matter&rft.au=Moran%2C+Mary+Ann%3BMiller%2C+William+L%3BBushaw%2C+Karen+L%3BZepp%2C+Richard+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytogenetic effects of butadiene metabolites in rat and mouse splenocytes following in vitro exposures. AN - 78501491; 8901921 AB - As a first step in investigating the genotoxic effects of the principal metabolites of 1,3-butadiene (BD) in both rats and mice, splenocytes (which have little mixed function oxidase activity) from each specimen were exposed to a series of concentrations of either 3,4-epoxy-1-butene (EB) (20 to 931 microM) or 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB) (2.5 to 160 microM) for 1 h. The splenocytes were then washed, cultured, and stimulated to divide with concanavalin A, and metaphases were analyzed for the induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosome aberrations (CAs). In addition, cells from some experiments were taken after exposure but before culture, and subjected to the single cell gel (SCG) assay to measure DNA damage in the form of DNA strand breakage and/or alkaline-labile sites. Initial studies indicate that EB does not induce cytogenetic damage in either rat or mouse G0 splenocytes. However, DEB was an extremely potent SCE- and CA-inducer in both species with no species differences apparent. Neither DEB nor EB produced any statistically significant DNA-damaging effects as measured by the SCG assay. JF - Toxicology AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Doerr, C L AU - Milholland, V S AU - Tennant, A H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/28/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 28 SP - 336 EP - 340 VL - 113 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - 3,4-epoxy-1-butene KW - 478ERR5NKR KW - erythritol anhydride KW - 60OB65YNAB KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Spleen -- cytology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Mice KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Cell Cycle -- drug effects KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Epoxy Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78501491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Cytogenetic+effects+of+butadiene+metabolites+in+rat+and+mouse+splenocytes+following+in+vitro+exposures.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BDoerr%2C+C+L%3BMilholland%2C+V+S%3BTennant%2C+A+H&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-10-28&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Future research needs for non-cancer and cancer effects among populations exposed to 1,3-butadiene. AN - 78498115; 8901899 AB - In the last decade there has been in-depth research into understanding the health effects of 1,3-butadiene in humans and in animals. With increasing knowledge of metabolism, pharmacokinetics and mechanism of action studied in animals, the uncertainties in risk assessment will be lessened. Still, some data gaps exist which, if filled, will be useful for meaningful risk assessments for the general population. This paper discusses the future needs for research in both non-cancer and cancer effects. JF - Toxicology AU - Koppikar, A M AD - U.S. EPA, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/28/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 28 SP - 203 EP - 209 VL - 113 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Butadienes KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - DNA Adducts KW - Mutagens KW - 1,3-butadiene KW - JSD5FGP5VD KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Humans KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Butadienes -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Butadienes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78498115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Future+research+needs+for+non-cancer+and+cancer+effects+among+populations+exposed+to+1%2C3-butadiene.&rft.au=Koppikar%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Koppikar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-10-28&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic developmental lead exposure increases the threshold for long-term potentiation in rat dentate gyrus in vivo. AN - 78550029; 8930316 AB - Chronic developmental lead (Pb) exposure has been long associated with cognitive dysfunction in children and animals. In an attempt to more directly relate the behavioral observations of impaired cognitive ability to Pb-induced effects on neuronal activity, we utilized the long-term potentiation (LTP) model of neural plasticity to assess synaptic function. Male rats were chronically exposed to 0.2% Pb(2+)-acetate through the drinking water of the pregnant dam, and directly through their own water supply at weaning. As adults, field potentials evoked by perforant path stimulation were recorded in the dentate gyrus under urethane anesthesia. LTP threshold was determined by applying a series of stimulus trains of increasing intensities. Baseline testing of dentate gyrus field potentials indicated that input/output functions, maximal response amplitudes, and threshold currents required to evoke a population spike (PS) did not differ for control and Pb-exposed animals. Despite similarities in baseline synaptic transmission, Pb-exposed animals required a higher train intensity to evoke LTP than controls. With maximal train stimulation, however, control and Pb animals exhibited comparable levels of potentiation. These findings suggest that the mechanisms of LTP induction are preferentially impaired by Pb exposure. Although baseline synaptic transmission was not altered in Pb-exposed animals, decreases in glutamate release following high K+ perfusion and reductions in paired pulse facilitation have been reported in the intact animal. Pb-induced reductions in calcium influx through voltage-sensitive or N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent channels may mediate increases in LTP threshold. It is possible that the threshold changes in the induction of LTP reported here contribute to cognitive impairments associated with Pb exposure. JF - Brain research AU - Gilbert, M E AU - Mack, C M AU - Lasley, S M AD - National Research Council, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. gilbert@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/10/14/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 14 SP - 118 EP - 124 VL - 736 IS - 1-2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Organometallic Compounds KW - 0 KW - lead acetate KW - RX077P88RY KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Reference Values KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Organometallic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Evoked Potentials KW - Synaptic Transmission KW - Female KW - Male KW - Dentate Gyrus -- drug effects KW - Long-Term Potentiation -- drug effects KW - Dentate Gyrus -- physiology KW - Dentate Gyrus -- physiopathology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Lead Poisoning -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78550029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Chronic+developmental+lead+exposure+increases+the+threshold+for+long-term+potentiation+in+rat+dentate+gyrus+in+vivo.&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+M+E%3BMack%2C+C+M%3BLasley%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-10-14&rft.volume=736&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-26 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Propagation of uncertainty through geochemical code calculations AN - 861984750; 2011-034006 AB - The combined use of the Monte Carlo method with Generalized Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) is introduced for evaluating the effects of input parameter uncertainty on calculated output values from geochemical speciation/solubility codes. Chemical systems are used to demonstrate the applicability of GSA to aqueous speciation/solubility models. Statistical results agree with a geochemically based interpretation of each system suggesting that in complex environmental systems, GSA may focus key parameters and uncertainties in the system. For the Na (sub 2) CO (sub 3) -NaHCO (sub 3) -H (sub 2) O system, GSA identifies aqueous complexes relating to the uncertainty in the calculated pH value. The combined method (Monte Carlo with GSA) can assess the quality of thermodynamic and analytical data in a geochemical model and associated problems. The results may guide the collection of field data and evaluate the thermodynamic data base associated with a geochemical code. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Criscenti, L J AU - Laniak, G F AU - Erikson, R L Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 3551 EP - 3568 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 60 IS - 19 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - processes KW - waste water KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - simulation KW - hydrochemistry KW - environmental analysis KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - sensitivity analysis KW - leachate KW - thermodynamic properties KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - uncertainty KW - pH KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/861984750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Propagation+of+uncertainty+through+geochemical+code+calculations&rft.au=Criscenti%2C+L+J%3BLaniak%2C+G+F%3BErikson%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Criscenti&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0016-7037%2896%2900188-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; environmental analysis; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; leachate; models; Monte Carlo analysis; pH; pollutants; pollution; processes; sensitivity analysis; simulation; solubility; statistical analysis; thermodynamic properties; uncertainty; waste water; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)00188-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmacological analysis of diisopropyl fluorophosphate: effects on core temperature, heart rate, and motor activity in the unrestrained rat. AN - 78600042; 8951953 AB - Humans acutely exposed to anticholinesterase (anti-ChE) pesticides often become febrile, whereas rats and other rodents become markedly hypothermic. The rat may nonetheless be a useful model for anti-ChE toxicity because recent work using radiotelemetry demonstrated an elevation in core temperature of unrestrained rats for several days following acute exposure to the anti-ChE, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). To discern the mechanisms of DFP-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia, various pharmacological agents were administered acutely or chronically to rats injected with 1.5 mg/kg DFP (SC). Core temperature, heart rate, and motor activity were monitored continuously via radiotelemetry. Methylscopolamine, a peripheral muscarinic antagonist, attenuated the DFP-induced hypothermia by 1.0 degree C and reversed the DFP-induced bradycardia. Chronic scopolamine, a central and peripheral muscarinic antagonist, delivered via a subcutaneously implanted minipump (9.5 mg/kg/day) blocked DFP-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia. Propranolol (10 mg/kg; SC), a general beta blocker, augmented the bradycardic effects of DFP but had no effect on body temperature. Sodium salicylate (200 and 300 mg/kg; IP), an antipyretic that inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, administered during the period of DFP-induced hyperthermia produced a transient recovery in body temperature. Overall, DFP-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia in the rat appear to be mediated via cholinergic activation in the CNS because both are blocked by scopolamine. The decrease in core temperature following sodium salicylate suggests that prostaglandin release is involved in the manifestation of DFP-induced hyperthermia. The elevation in core temperature after DFP appears to involve neurochemical pathways similar to that of fever. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 185 EP - 194 VL - 55 IS - 2 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Adrenergic beta-Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Cholinergic Antagonists KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Salicylates KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Scopolamine Hydrobromide KW - 451IFR0GXB KW - Propranolol KW - 9Y8NXQ24VQ KW - Salicylic Acid KW - O414PZ4LPZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Scopolamine Hydrobromide -- pharmacology KW - Propranolol -- pharmacology KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Anesthesia, General KW - Cholinergic Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Adrenergic beta-Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Salicylates -- pharmacology KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Isoflurophate -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78600042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=Pharmacological+analysis+of+diisopropyl+fluorophosphate%3A+effects+on+core+temperature%2C+heart+rate%2C+and+motor+activity+in+the+unrestrained+rat.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-13 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Breath measurements as volatile organic compound biomarkers. AN - 78555287; 8933027 AB - A brief review of the uses of breath analysis in studies of environmental exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is provided. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's large-scale Total Exposure Assessment Methodology Studies have measured concentrations of 32 target VOCs in the exhaled breath of about 800 residents of various U.S. cities. Since the previous 12-hr integrated personal air exposures to the same chemicals were also measured, the relation between exposure and body burden is illuminated. Another major use of the breath measurements has been to detect unmeasured pathways of exposure; the major impact of active smoking on exposure to benzene and styrene was detected in this way. Following the earlier field studies, a series of chamber studies have provided estimates of several important physiological parameters. Among these are the fraction, f, of the inhaled chemical that is exhaled under steady-state conditions and the residence times. tau i in several body compartments, which may be associated with the blood (or liver), organs, muscle, and fat. Most of the targeted VOCs appear to have similar residence times of a few minutes, 30 min, several hours, and several days in the respective tissue groups. Knowledge of these parameters can be helpful in estimating body burden from exposure or vice versa and in planning environmental studies, particularly in setting times to monitor breath in studies of the variation with time of body burden. Improvements in breath methods have made it possible to study short-term peak exposure situations such as filling a gas tank or taking a shower in contaminated water. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Wallace, L AU - Buckley, T AU - Pellizzari, E AU - Gordon, S AD - Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Reston, Virginia 22091, USA. wallace.lance@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 861 EP - 869 VL - 104 Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Body Burden KW - Volatilization KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Breath Tests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78555287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Breath+measurements+as+volatile+organic+compound+biomarkers.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L%3BBuckley%2C+T%3BPellizzari%2C+E%3BGordon%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=861&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Sci Am. 1992 Jul;267(1):74-9 [1502511] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1991 Oct;1(4):439-51 [1824328] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1991 Oct;1(4):475-90 [1824329] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1992 Jul-Sep;2(3):341-55 [1422163] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1993 Jan-Mar;3(1):75-102 [8518547] Arch Environ Health. 1993 Jul-Aug;48(4):250-4 [8357275] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1993 Oct-Dec;3(4):417-30 [8173342] Aviat Space Environ Med. 1994 Apr;65(4):353-60 [8002920] Clin Chem. 1994 Jul;40(7 Pt 2):1401-4 [8013127] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Dec;102(12):1082-7 [7713021] J Chromatogr B Biomed Appl. 1995 Mar 24;665(2):271-9 [7795807] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1994 Apr-Jun;4(2):183-95 [7549473] J Mass Spectrom. 1996 Sep;31(9):1033-8 [8831153] Ann Occup Hyg. 1972 Nov;15(2):273-83 [4648240] J Chromatogr Sci. 1977 Jul;15(7):239-44 [893644] Arch Environ Health. 1979 Mar-Apr;34(2):69-75 [434934] Br J Ind Med. 1979 Aug;36(3):231-4 [500783] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1980 Jun;6(2):104-11 [7433946] Anal Chem. 1980 Oct;52(12):1836-41 [7435989] Biomed Mass Spectrom. 1980 Apr;7(4):139-47 [7448328] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1982 Mar;28(3):322-8 [7082873] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1984 Mar 30;73(1):159-75 [6710512] Environ Res. 1984 Oct;35(1):293-319 [6489295] Clin Chem. 1985 Aug;31(8):1278-82 [4017231] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1987 Apr;13(2):81-93 [3299685] Environ Res. 1987 Aug;43(2):290-307 [3608934] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1987 Oct;39(4):601-7 [3689989] Br J Ind Med. 1988 May;45(5):345-52 [3378016] Arch Environ Health. 1987 Sep-Oct;42(5):272-9 [3452294] Food Addit Contam. 1988 Jul-Sep;5(3):267-76 [3396733] Clin Chem. 1988 Aug;34(8):1613-8 [3042190] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1988 Sep;49(9):445-50 [3177223] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Mar 15;98(1):87-99 [2929023] Am J Ind Med. 1989;16(4):385-99 [2610211] Toxicol Ind Health. 1989 Dec;5(6):1017-24 [2626754] J Chromatogr. 1990 Jul 6;511:291-302 [2211914] Risk Anal. 1990 Dec;10(4):575-80 [2287784] Risk Anal. 1990 Dec;10(4):581-5 [2287785] J Anal Toxicol. 1990 Nov-Dec;14(6):337-44 [2128356] J Anal Toxicol. 1991 Mar-Apr;15(2):54-9 [2051745] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Aug;110(1):79-88 [1871774] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vitellogenin induction and reduced serum testosterone concentrations in feral male carp (Cyprinus carpio) captured near a major metropolitan sewage treatment plant. AN - 78549943; 8930552 AB - Endocrine disrupting chemicals can potentially alter the reproductive physiology of fishes. To test this hypothesis, serum was collected from common carp (Cyprinus carpio) at five riverine locations in Minnesota. Male fish collected from an effluent channel below the St. Paul metropolitan sewage treatment plant had significantly elevated serum egg protein (vitellogenin) concentrations and significantly decreased serum testosterone concentrations compared to male carp collected from the St. Croix River, classified as a National Wild and Scenic River. Carp collected from the Minnesota River, which receives significant agricultural runoff, also exhibited depressed serum testosterone concentrations, but no serum vitellogenin was apparent. These data suggest that North American rivers are receiving estrogenic chemicals that are biologically active, as has been reported in Great Britain. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Folmar, L C AU - Denslow, N D AU - Rao, V AU - Chow, M AU - Crain, D A AU - Enblom, J AU - Marcino, J AU - Guillette, L J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 1096 EP - 1101 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Sewage KW - 0 KW - Vitellogenins KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Carps KW - Male KW - Female KW - Vitellogenins -- biosynthesis KW - Testosterone -- blood UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78549943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Vitellogenin+induction+and+reduced+serum+testosterone+concentrations+in+feral+male+carp+%28Cyprinus+carpio%29+captured+near+a+major+metropolitan+sewage+treatment+plant.&rft.au=Folmar%2C+L+C%3BDenslow%2C+N+D%3BRao%2C+V%3BChow%2C+M%3BCrain%2C+D+A%3BEnblom%2C+J%3BMarcino%2C+J%3BGuillette%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Folmar&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1096&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Methods Enzymol. 1983;91:95-119 [6855607] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Oct;103 Suppl 7:173-8 [8593867] Comp Biochem Physiol B. 1986;83(2):487-93 [3956165] Mol Pharmacol. 1988 Jan;33(1):120-6 [3122017] Anal Biochem. 1987 Nov 1;166(2):368-79 [2449095] Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1988 Sep;71(3):359-71 [3192063] Comp Biochem Physiol B. 1988;91(1):17-23 [3197389] Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1989 Nov;76(2):310-21 [2591721] Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1990 Mar;77(3):403-7 [2338220] Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1990 Nov;80(2):264-73 [2074004] J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1991 Mar;38(3):293-9 [2009221] Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680-5 [5432063] J Agric Food Chem. 1970 Nov-Dec;18(6):1108-12 [5483049] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1978 Mar-May;4(2-3):325-39 [351202] Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1981 Feb;43(2):201-10 [7227802] Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1991;100(1-2):107-10 [1677838] Comp Biochem Physiol C. 1991;100(1-2):237-9 [1713817] Comp Biochem Physiol B. 1992 Mar;101(3):441-6 [1582182] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Aug;115(2):224-33 [1641856] Toxicology. 1992 Nov 15;75(3):191-8 [1455428] Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1992 Dec;88(3):406-14 [1490586] J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 1993 Mar;44(3):263-72 [8461258] J Endocrinol. 1993 Jun;137(3):383-9 [8371074] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1993 Sep;51(3):361-6 [8219590] Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1993 Oct;96(1-2):37-44 [8276136] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):386-7 [8119246] Endocrinology. 1994 Jul;135(1):175-82 [8013351] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Mar;102(3):290-7 [8033869] Gen Comp Endocrinol. 1994 Nov;96(2):276-87 [7851728] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Aug;102(8):680-8 [7895709] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Oct;134(2):305-12 [7570607] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 May;103 Suppl 4:31-6 [7556021] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Jun;103(6):582-7 [7556011] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Oct;103 Suppl 7:113-22 [8593856] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Sep;61:97-110 [3905383] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish biliary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites estimated by fixed-wavelength fluorescence: comparison with HPLC-fluorescent detection. AN - 78544950; 8930501 AB - Fixed wavelength fluorescence (FF) was compared to high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC-F) as an estimation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure to fish. Two excitation/emission wavelength pairs were used to measure naphthalene- and benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-type metabolites. Early nonmetabolite fluorescent peaks were negligible in HPLC chromatograms of bile of brown bullhead, white sucker, and common carp. Linear regression analysis of FF and HPLC-F data had r2 values between 0.89 and 1.00. Although the linear regression was significant, the absolute HPLC-F and FF values were not equivalent. HPLC-F values for B[a]P-type metabolites were always higher than those determined by FF. For naphthalene-type metabolites there was no consistent relationship between the HPLC-F and FF values. These inequivalencies were possibly due to the variable HPLC-elution patterns caused by the composition of metabolites and the unique fluorescent response exhibited in different solvent concentrations. Nevertheless, mean concentration estimates divided by the value obtained at the reference site were similar by both methods. The FF method can be used to estimate biliary PAH concentrations in these three species and allows PAH metabolites to become a routine measurement end point for environmental assessments. JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - Lin, E L AU - Cormier, S M AU - Torsella, J A AD - Physiological and Clinical Indicator Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 16 EP - 23 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence KW - Fresh Water KW - Reference Standards KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Species Specificity KW - Quality Control KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Fishes -- metabolism KW - Bile -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78544950?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=Fish+biliary+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon+metabolites+estimated+by+fixed-wavelength+fluorescence%3A+comparison+with+HPLC-fluorescent+detection.&rft.au=Lin%2C+E+L%3BCormier%2C+S+M%3BTorsella%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-05-12 N1 - Date created - 1997-05-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone toxicity in the rat. III. Effect of changes in ambient temperature on pulmonary parameters. AN - 78510791; 8904588 AB - Pulmonary toxicity of ozone (O3) was examined in adult male Fischer 344 rats exposed to 0.5 parts/million O3 for either 6 or 23 h/day over 5 days while maintained at an ambient temperature (Ta) of either 10, 22, or 34 degrees C. Toxicity was evaluated by using changes in lung volumes and the concentrations of constituents of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid that signal lung injury and/or inflammation. Results indicated that toxicity increased as Ta decreased. Exposures conducted at 10 degrees C were associated with the greatest decreases in body weight and total lung capacity and the greatest increases in lavageable protein, lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase activity, and percent neutrophils. O3 effects not modified by Ta included increases in residual volume and lavageable potassium, glucose, urea, and ascorbic acid with exposure at 34 degrees C. Most effects were attenuated during the 5 exposure days and/or returned to normal levels after 7 air recovery days, regardless of prior O3 exposure or Ta. It is possible that Ta-induced changes in metabolic rate may have altered ventilation and, therefore, the O3 doses among rats exposed at the three different Ta levels. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Wiester, M J AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Costa, D L AU - Crissman, K M AU - Richards, J H AU - Winsett, D W AU - Highfill, J W AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 1691 EP - 1700 VL - 81 IS - 4 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Enzymes KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Animals KW - Respiratory Mechanics -- drug effects KW - Temperature KW - Body Weight -- physiology KW - Rats KW - Enzymes -- blood KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Respiratory Mechanics -- physiology KW - Epithelium -- pathology KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Lung Volume Measurements KW - Male KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Lung Diseases -- pathology KW - Air Pollutants -- administration & dosage KW - Lung Diseases -- metabolism KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78510791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Ozone+toxicity+in+the+rat.+III.+Effect+of+changes+in+ambient+temperature+on+pulmonary+parameters.&rft.au=Wiester%2C+M+J%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BCrissman%2C+K+M%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BWinsett%2C+D+W%3BHighfill%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Wiester&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of embryonic and larval inland silversides, Menidia beryllina, to a water-soluble fraction formed during biodegradation of artificially weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil. AN - 78406953; 8854836 AB - Weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil (ANS 521) was stirred for 2 and 14 days in 20 per thousand salinity sterile seawater or for 14 days in seawater with nutrients and a group of three (GO3) microorganisms from Prince William Sound, Alaska, that were capable of biodegrading hydrocarbons. A total of 0.65 and 0.69 mg/L water soluble fraction (WSF) of neutral fraction hydrocarbons was recovered from the 2- and 14-day stirred sterile systems, respectively. In comparison, a total of 7.5 mg/L WSF neutral fraction hydrocarbons was recovered from systems containing ANS 521 that were stirred and biodegraded by the GO3 microbes for 14 days. Toxicity/teratogenicity tests were conducted with neutral fraction hydrocarbons recovered from the sterile and biodegraded systems using embryonic inland silversides, Menidia beryllina. Hydrocarbons from the sterile systems did not cause statistically significant teratogenic responses at concentrations of 1%, 10%, and 100% (w/v) of recovered fractions (redissolved in 20 per thousand salinity sterile seawater). Counts of heart contraction rates were significantly lower (alpha> TCA (3.8 mM) > TCEth (6.6 mM) = CH (7.0 mM) >> DCA (41 mM). Time-course data indicated that PERC, DCA, and TCA produced reduction in IC in a similar fashion, but 5 mM CH or TCEth exhibited variances from these results and may indicate specific cell responses to these chemicals. The mechanism(s) responsible for inhibition of IC by these structurally related chemicals needs to be established. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Benane, S G AU - Blackman, C F AU - House, D E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08/09/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Aug 09 SP - 427 EP - 437 VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Chloral Hydrate KW - 418M5916WG KW - Trichloroacetic Acid KW - 5V2JDO056X KW - Ethylene Chlorohydrin KW - 753N66IHAN KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - 2,2,2-trichloroethanol KW - AW835AJ62N KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Clone Cells KW - Ethylene Chlorohydrin -- toxicity KW - Chloral Hydrate -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Trichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Ethylene Chlorohydrin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Male KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Liver -- cytology KW - Gap Junctions -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78267661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Effect+of+perchloroethylene+and+its+metabolites+on+intercellular+communication+in+clone+9+rat+liver+cells.&rft.au=Benane%2C+S+G%3BBlackman%2C+C+F%3BHouse%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Benane&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-08-09&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-30 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative effects of haloacetic acids in whole embryo culture. AN - 78588748; 8948541 AB - A major class of disinfection by-products in drinking water are the haloacetic acids. Both dichloro- and trichloroacetic acids are teratogenic when administered to rats throughout organogenesis. However, there is little information regarding the developmental toxicity of other haloacetic acids. Therefore, 3-6 somite staged CD-1 mouse embryos were exposed to acetic acid (AA) or mono- (M), di- (D), and tri- (T) substituted fluoro- (F), chloro- (C), or bromo- (B) acetic acids in whole embryo culture in order to evaluate the effects of these agents on development. A 24 hour exposure to the haloacetic acids produced dysmorphogenesis. Effects on neural tube development ranged from prosencephalic hypoplasia to non-closure defects throughout the cranial region. Exposure to the haloacetic acids affected optic development, produced malpositioned and/or hypoplastic pharyngeal arches, and resulted in perturbation of heart development. In order to determine the relative toxicities of these agents, benchmark concentrations were calculated as the lower 95% confidence interval of the concentration that produced a 5% increase in neural tube defects. The benchmark concentrations occurred over a wide range with DFA (5912.6 microM) and MBA (2.7 microM) at the extremes. Using the benchmark concentrations to compare the chemicals gives a ranking of the agents in order of increasing potency as: DFA < TFA < DCA < AA < TBA < or = TCA < DBA < MCA < MBA. TCA and DCA have demonstrated ability to disrupt development in vivo but were among the least potent haloacetic acids in vitro. Because of the potential for widespread exposure to haloacetic acids in drinking water and the incomplete toxicity profile of these chemicals, further work on their developmental effects is warranted. JF - Teratology AU - Hunter, E S AU - Rogers, E H AU - Schmid, J E AU - Richard, A AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 57 EP - 64 VL - 54 IS - 2 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- pathology KW - Animals KW - Culture Techniques KW - Eye Abnormalities -- chemically induced KW - Neural Tube Defects -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Heart Defects, Congenital -- chemically induced KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Acetates -- chemistry KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- chemistry KW - Acetates -- toxicity KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78588748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Comparative+effects+of+haloacetic+acids+in+whole+embryo+culture.&rft.au=Hunter%2C+E+S%3BRogers%2C+E+H%3BSchmid%2C+J+E%3BRichard%2C+A&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic toxicology and risk assessment of complex environmental mixtures. AN - 78557308; 8933023 JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Houk, V S AU - Waters, M D AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 187 EP - 219 VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Humans KW - Molecular Biology -- methods KW - Research Design KW - Risk Assessment KW - Chemical Fractionation -- methods KW - Mutagenesis -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78557308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Genetic+toxicology+and+risk+assessment+of+complex+environmental+mixtures.&rft.au=Houk%2C+V+S%3BWaters%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Houk&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-26 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What can research contribute to regulatory decisions about the health risks of multiple chemical sensitivity? AN - 78551088; 8921569 AB - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS), which may not be caused by chemicals at all, is a serious medical problem of unknown origin and uncertain etiology that raises many fundamental science and policy questions. Regulators, for example, are confronted with a dilemma: what, if anything, should be done to protect people from the scientifically uncertain health risks of exposures to extremely low levels of environmental chemicals. Regulatory agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency, do not have the luxury of waiting until conclusive scientific evidence is available before making a decision; however, our present lack of scientific understanding about MCS is so acute that it is not possible to ascertain whether the cause of MCS-related symptoms is chemical, biological, physical, psychosocial, or some combination thereof. Nevertheless, many MCS sufferers and advocates for the chemically induced hypothesis are clamoring for regulatory action to reduce putative health risks from very-low-level exposures to chemicals in the environment. Unless steps are taken to improve the quantity and quality of the existing scientific data base, we cannot, with any acceptable degree of certainty, evaluate the extent to which regulatory decisions about MCS are either protective of public health or cost-effective. This article examines how research can strengthen the scientific basis for risk-related decisions about MCS, and proposes a framework for establishing research directions and priorities. It is argued that high-priority research on MCS is distinguishable by four attributes: (1) results are valuable for risk-related decisions; (2) findings significantly advance scientific knowledge and understanding; and the hypothesis being tested is both (3) biologically plausible and (4) readily testable. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Dyer, R S AU - Sexton, K AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - S139 EP - S151 VL - 24 IS - 1 Pt 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Decision Making KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Health -- trends KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity -- etiology KW - Public Policy KW - Environmental Health -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78551088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=What+can+research+contribute+to+regulatory+decisions+about+the+health+risks+of+multiple+chemical+sensitivity%3F&rft.au=Dyer%2C+R+S%3BSexton%2C+K&rft.aulast=Dyer&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1+Pt+2&rft.spage=S139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-03 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the T cell-independent antibody response of mice and rats exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. AN - 78542673; 8921333 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental contaminant that produces adverse effects on the immune system of experimental animals. In this study, the effect that TCDD has on the antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to the T cell-independent (TI) antigen trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS) was compared in adult female B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats. Mice or rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of TCDD at doses ranging from 1 to 30 micrograms/kg, 7 days prior to immunization with TNP-LPS by intravenous injection. Three days later body, spleen, thymus, and liver weights were measured and the PFC response to TNP-LPS was determined. Thymus weights were decreased at 10 and 30 micrograms TCDD/kg, whereas spleen weights were decreased and liver weights increased in mice dosed at 3, 10, and 30 micrograms/kg. Mice dosed at 10 and 30 micrograms TCDD/kg had suppressed PFC responses and serum hemagglutination titers. In rats, thymus weights were decreased and liver weights increased at 3, 10, and 30 micrograms TCDD/kg; however, the PFC response and serum hemagglutination titers to TNP-LPS were suppressed only at 30 micrograms/kg TCDD. TCDD did not affect splenic lymphocyte subsets evaluated by flow cytometry. These results indicate that TCDD suppresses the TI antibody response to TNP-LPS in both B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats, with mice more sensitive to suppression by TCDD than rats. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Smialowicz, R J AU - Williams, W C AU - Riddle, M M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 293 EP - 297 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mice KW - T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Organ Size KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Female KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Antibody Formation -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78542673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+T+cell-independent+antibody+response+of+mice+and+rats+exposed+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BRiddle%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-12 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research needs for the risk assessment of health and environmental effects of endocrine disruptors: a report of the U.S. EPA-sponsored workshop. AN - 78454140; 8880000 AB - The hypothesis has been put forward that humans and wildlife species adverse suffered adverse health effects after exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Reported adverse effects include declines in populations, increases in cancers, and reduced reproductive function. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sponsored a workshop in April 1995 to bring together interested parties in an effort to identify research gaps related to this hypothesis and to establish priorities for future research activities. Approximately 90 invited participants were organized into work groups developed around the principal reported health effects-carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity-as well as along the risk assessment paradigm-hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. Attention focused on both ecological and human health effects. In general, group felt that the hypothesis warranted a concerted research effort to evaluate its validity and that research should focus primarily on effects on development of reproductive capability, on improved exposure assessment, and on the effects of mixtures. This report summarizes the discussions of the work groups and details the recommendations for additional research. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Daston, G P AU - DeRosa, C AU - Fenner-Crisp, P AU - Gray, L E AU - Kaattari, S AU - Lucier, G AU - Luster, M AU - Mac, M J AU - Maczka, C AU - Miller, R AU - Moore, J AU - Rolland, R AU - Scott, G AU - Sheehan, D M AU - Sinks, T AU - Tilson, H A AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. kavlock@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 715 EP - 740 VL - 104 Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Education KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Environment KW - Environmental Pollutants -- pharmacology KW - Endocrine Glands -- drug effects KW - Health KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78454140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Research+needs+for+the+risk+assessment+of+health+and+environmental+effects+of+endocrine+disruptors%3A+a+report+of+the+U.S.+EPA-sponsored+workshop.&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BDaston%2C+G+P%3BDeRosa%2C+C%3BFenner-Crisp%2C+P%3BGray%2C+L+E%3BKaattari%2C+S%3BLucier%2C+G%3BLuster%2C+M%3BMac%2C+M+J%3BMaczka%2C+C%3BMiller%2C+R%3BMoore%2C+J%3BRolland%2C+R%3BScott%2C+G%3BSheehan%2C+D+M%3BSinks%2C+T%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=715&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-27 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-27 N1 - Date revised - 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Jan-Feb;17(1):41-53 [8449250] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993 Apr 21;85(8):648-52 [8468722] J Endocrinol. 1993 Mar;136(3):357-60 [8473825] Endocr Rev. 1993 Feb;14(1):94-106 [8491157] Lancet. 1993 May 29;341(8857):1392-5 [8098802] Endocrinology. 1993 Jun;132(6):2279-86 [8504731] Reprod Toxicol. 1993 May-Jun;7(3):237-48 [8318755] Epidemiology. 1993 Sep;4(5):398-406 [8399687] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Aug;21(2):174-86 [8405780] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Nov;21(4):451-60 [8253298] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1994 Feb 2;86(3):232-4 [8283497] Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Feb 1;139(3):272-81 [8116602] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):378-84 [8080506] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1994 Jan;22(1):1-7 [7907300] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Nov;101(6):504-8 [8137779] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1994 Mar;52(3):367-73 [8142706] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1994 Apr 20;86(8):589-99 [8145274] J Biol Chem. 1994 May 6;269(18):13115-23 [8175737] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Jun;126(2):276-85 [8209380] Endocrinology. 1994 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1995 Jun 15;375(6532):581-5 [7791873] Reprod Toxicol. 1995 Mar-Apr;9(2):131-41 [7795323] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1995 Jul;45(3):235-48 [7609000] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1995 Jun;26(1):117-26 [7657055] Mol Endocrinol. 1995 Apr;9(4):443-56 [7659088] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Jul-Aug;103(7-8):702-7 [7588482] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 May;103 Suppl 4:7-11 [7556027] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 May;103 Suppl 4:31-6 [7556021] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 May;103 Suppl 4:37-9 [7556022] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 May;103 Suppl 4:51-9 [7556024] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 May;103 Suppl 4:61-6 [7556025] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 May;103 Suppl 4:67-72 [7556026] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 May;103 Suppl 4:73-7 [7556028] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 May;103 Suppl 4:79-86 [7556029] Epidemiology. 1995 Sep;6(5):544-6 [8562633] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Nov;135(1):77-88 [7482542] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Sep;103 Suppl 6:197-205 [8549474] Environ Health Perspect. 1995 Oct;103 Suppl 7:173-8 [8593867] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1995 Jul-Sep;5(3):233-56 [8814771] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1992 Apr;18(3):405-17 [1597265] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1992 May;48(5):715-20 [1324039] BMJ. 1992 Sep 12;305(6854):609-13 [1393072] Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Aug 15;136(4):389-98 [1415158] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Sep;102(9):780-1 [9657710] Proc R Soc Med. 1965 May;58:295-300 [14283879] N Engl J Med. 1959 Sep 24;261:641-4 [14404413] Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Dec 15;136(12):1423-36 [1288272] Reprod Toxicol. 1993;7(1):25-33 [8448412] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactivity parameters in structure-activity relationship-based risk assessment of chemicals. AN - 78450579; 8875147 AB - New approaches to the risk assessment process are needed that might be more definitive and satisfying to the scientific community, interest groups, and the public at large. This commentary examines an alternative approach that is based on understanding the relationships of chemical structure and reactivity properties to the toxicokinetic behavior of chemicals in biological systems. This approach is based on the likelihood that there is a limited number of triggering (reactivity) mechanisms by which chemicals can express their toxicity at the molecular level. The fundamental importance of electrophilic character of chemicals as a determinant of their critical molecular reactivities and interactions with biological material in the expression of toxicity is supported. Such an approach also takes advantage of the maturing field of theoretical/computational chemistry in understanding important molecular recognition and reactivity processes (both qualitatively and quantitatively) for chemicals that can underlie their biological/toxicological activity. A process that permits assessment of reaction equivalents delivered to biological systems may hold promise for grouping chemicals by common triggering mechanisms with clearly delineated toxicological endpoints. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - McKinney, J D AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711-2055, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 810 EP - 816 VL - 104 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Benzopyrenes KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Benzopyrenes -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Protein Binding KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78450579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Reactivity+parameters+in+structure-activity+relationship-based+risk+assessment+of+chemicals.&rft.au=McKinney%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=McKinney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=810&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-12 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Crit Rev Toxicol. 1990;21(1):51-88 [2124811] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jul;87:199-205 [2269226] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jul;87:227-32 [2269229] Biochem J. 1991 Jun 1;276 ( Pt 2):273-87 [1646595] Ann Occup Hyg. 1991 Jun;35(3):309-21 [1888102] Mol Endocrinol. 1991 Sep;5(9):1203-14 [1663211] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Feb;112(2):171-81 [1539156] Carcinogenesis. 1992 Apr;13(4):547-53 [1576705] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Apr 22;101(1):36-44 [8390353] Chem Res Toxicol. 1993 Nov-Dec;6(6):754-63 [8117913] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):444-5 [8119256] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1994;24(1):1-74 [8172651] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Mar;102(3):290-7 [8033869] Chem Res Toxicol. 1994 Sep-Oct;7(5):621-7 [7841340] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1995;35:341-68 [7598498] Toxicol Lett. 1995 Sep;79(1-3):115-22 [7570648] Chem Res Toxicol. 1995 Sep;8(6):847-58 [7492734] Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Feb;24(2):203-10 [8742232] Biochem Pharmacol. 1979;28(4):561-3 [426878] Environ Health Perspect. 1980 Jun;36:103-17 [7428739] Chem Biol Interact. 1981 Jan;33(2-3):271-83 [6257406] Carcinogenesis. 1990 Oct;11(10):1811-8 [2208594] Toxicol Lett. 1989 Dec;49(2-3):199-214 [2690404] Arch Toxicol Suppl. 1989;13:440-5 [2505739] Carcinogenesis. 1987 Feb;8(2):253-64 [3802409] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1983;11(2):85-120 [6340969] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 May;60:57-68 [2992928] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Sep;61:147-62 [3905371] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of esfenvalerate on the reproductive success of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus in littoral enclosures. AN - 78295002; 8781076 AB - Adult bluegills were exposed to the synthetic pyrethroid esfenvalerate, during a reproduction study conducted in six littoral enclosures located in a 2-ha pond near Duluth, Minnesota. Bluegill reproductive success was determined after two applications of esfenvalerate at nominal concentrations of 0.0, 0.01, 0.08, 0.20, 1. 0, and 5.0 microg/L. Responses measured were adult behavior and spawning, embryo hatchability, larval survival until swim-up, young-of-the-year (Y-O-Y) growth, and total biomass. All adult bluegills died within one day following the first application at 5.0 microg/L. Successful spawning and resulting hatching of offspring were observed at all esfenvalerate concentrations except 5.0 microg/L. Following exposure at 1.0 microg/L, spawning was delayed for 15 days and few or no larvae survived. Bluegill Y-O-Y growth was reduced by 62, 57, and 86% in the 0.08, 0.20, and 1.0 microg/L esfenvalerate treated enclosures. Delayed adult spawning and reduced Y-O-Y growth may result in poor Y-O-Y overwinter survival which would result in a diminished or extirpated year class. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Tanner, D K AU - Knuth, M L AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division-Duluth 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 244 EP - 251 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Nitriles KW - Pyrethrins KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - fenvalerate KW - Z6MXZ39302 KW - Index Medicus KW - Zooplankton -- drug effects KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Zooplankton -- metabolism KW - Random Allocation KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Biomass KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Pyrethrins -- toxicity KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Perciformes -- physiology KW - Perciformes -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78295002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+esfenvalerate+on+the+reproductive+success+of+the+bluegill+sunfish%2C+Lepomis+macrochirus+in+littoral+enclosures.&rft.au=Tanner%2C+D+K%3BKnuth%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Tanner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=244&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benzo[b]fluoranthene: tumorigenicity in strain A/J mouse lungs, DNA adducts and mutations in the Ki-ras oncogene. AN - 78270699; 8761429 AB - The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F) is a pervasive constituent of environmental combustion products. We sought to examine the lung tumorigenic activity of B[b]F in strain A/J mice, to study the relationship between formation and decay of B[b]F-DNA adducts and to examine mutations in the Ki-ras proto-oncogene in DNA from B[b]F-induced tumors. Mice were given i.p. injections of 0, 10, 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg body wt and lung adenomas were scored after 8 months. B[b]F induced significant numbers of mouse lung adenomas in a dose-related fashion, with the highest dose (200 mg/kg) yielding 6.95 adenomas/ mouse, with 100% of the mice exhibiting an adenoma. In mice given tricaprylin, the vehicle control, there were 0.60 adenomas/mouse, with 55% of the mice exhibiting an adenoma. Based on dose, B[b]F was less active than benzo[a]pyrene. DNA adducts were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by 32P-post-labeling in lungs of strain A/J mice 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 days after i.p. injection. Maximal levels of adduction occurred 5 days after treatment with the 200 mg/kg dose group, producing 1230 amol B[b]F-DNA adducts/microgram DNA. The major B[b]F-DNA adduct was identified by co-chromatography as trans-9, 10-dihydroxy-anti-11, 12-epoxy-5-hydroxy-9, 10, 11, 12-tetra-hydro-B[b]F-deoxyguanosine. Approximately 86% of the tumors had a mutation in codon 12 of the Ki-ras oncogene, as determined by direct DNA sequencing of PCR-amplified exon 1 and single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis. Analysis of the Ki-ras mutation spectrum in 25 of 29 B[b]F-induced tumors revealed the predominant mutation to be a G-->T transversion in the first or second base of codon 12, congruous with the DNA adduct data. Our data are consistent with previous reports in mouse skin implicating a phenolic diol epoxide as the proximate carcinogenic form of B[b]F that binds to guanine. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Mass, M J AU - Abu-Shakra, A AU - Roop, B C AU - Nelson, G AU - Galati, A J AU - Stoner, G D AU - Nesnow, S AU - Ross, J A AD - Biochemistry and Pathobiology Branch (MD-68), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 1701 EP - 1704 VL - 17 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - DNA Primers KW - Fluorenes KW - benzo(b)fluoranthene KW - FJO154KG1X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Mice KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Male KW - Genes, ras KW - Fluorenes -- toxicity KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78270699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Benzo%5Bb%5Dfluoranthene%3A+tumorigenicity+in+strain+A%2FJ+mouse+lungs%2C+DNA+adducts+and+mutations+in+the+Ki-ras+oncogene.&rft.au=Mass%2C+M+J%3BAbu-Shakra%2C+A%3BRoop%2C+B+C%3BNelson%2C+G%3BGalati%2C+A+J%3BStoner%2C+G+D%3BNesnow%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Mass&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory application of ELISA: compliance monitoring of bromacil in soil. AN - 78123756; 8661908 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Linde, C D AU - Gee, S J AU - Goh, K S AU - Hsu, J C AU - Hammock, B D AU - Barry, T A AU - Weaver, D J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Pesticide Regulation, Environmental Monitoring and Pesticide Management Branch, 1020 N Street, Sacramento, California 95814, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 264 EP - 269 VL - 57 IS - 2 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Bromouracil KW - 4HK400G5UO KW - bromacil KW - I048FFR2J0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Time Factors KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay -- methods KW - Bromouracil -- analysis KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Bromouracil -- analogs & derivatives KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78123756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Regulatory+application+of+ELISA%3A+compliance+monitoring+of+bromacil+in+soil.&rft.au=Glaser%2C+John+A%3BMcCauley%2C+Paul+T%3BDosani%2C+Majid%3BKrishnan%2C+E+Radha%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correcting errors in the thermodynamic database for the equilibrium speciation model MINTEQA2 AN - 52720021; 1997-037912 JF - Water Research (Oxford) AU - Serkiz, Steven M AU - Allison, Jerry D AU - Perdue, E Michael AU - Allen, Herbert E AU - Brown, David S Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 1930 EP - 1933 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - data acquisition KW - physicochemical properties KW - data processing KW - mathematical models KW - MINTEQA2 KW - ions KW - equilibrium KW - inorganic materials KW - models KW - computer programs KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52720021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Correcting+errors+in+the+thermodynamic+database+for+the+equilibrium+speciation+model+MINTEQA2&rft.au=Serkiz%2C+Steven+M%3BAllison%2C+Jerry+D%3BPerdue%2C+E+Michael%3BAllen%2C+Herbert+E%3BBrown%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Serkiz&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1930&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00431354 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WATRAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical fractionation; chemical properties; chemical reactions; computer programs; data acquisition; data processing; equilibrium; geochemistry; inorganic materials; ions; ligands; mathematical models; metals; MINTEQA2; models; physicochemical properties; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory experiments with heterogeneous reactions in mixed porous media AN - 52319157; 2000-063757 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Burris, David R AU - Hatfield, Kirk AU - Wolfe, N L Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 685 EP - 691 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 122 IS - 8 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - water treatment KW - nitrobenzene KW - hydrocarbons KW - pump-and-treat KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52319157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Laboratory+experiments+with+heterogeneous+reactions+in+mixed+porous+media&rft.au=Burris%2C+David+R%3BHatfield%2C+Kirk%3BWolfe%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Burris&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; chemical reactions; contaminant plumes; degradation; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; kinetics; laboratory studies; mass transfer; nitrobenzene; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; pump-and-treat; remediation; transport; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical model for heterogeneous reactions in mixed porous media AN - 52316760; 2000-063756 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Hatfield, Kirk AU - Burris, David R AU - Wolfe, N L Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 676 EP - 684 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 122 IS - 8 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - solute transport KW - hazardous waste KW - sorption KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - water management KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - mass transfer KW - mobility KW - permeability KW - diffusivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52316760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Analytical+model+for+heterogeneous+reactions+in+mixed+porous+media&rft.au=Hatfield%2C+Kirk%3BBurris%2C+David+R%3BWolfe%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Hatfield&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chemical waste; contaminant plumes; degradation; diffusivity; ground water; hazardous waste; mass transfer; mathematical models; mobility; permeability; pollution; porous materials; remediation; solute transport; sorption; water management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Temporally Integrated Monitoring of Ecosystems (TIME) project design; 2, Detection of regional acidification trends AN - 51057428; 1996-066290 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Stoddard, John L AU - Urquhart, N Scott AU - Newell, Avis D AU - Kugler, Danny Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 2529 EP - 2538 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 32 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - sulfate ion KW - monitoring KW - annual variations KW - regulations KW - surface water KW - lakes KW - pollution KW - Eastern U.S. KW - acid-neutralizing capacity KW - Clean Air Act KW - TIME Project KW - acidification KW - streams KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51057428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=The+Temporally+Integrated+Monitoring+of+Ecosystems+%28TIME%29+project+design%3B+2%2C+Detection+of+regional+acidification+trends&rft.au=Stoddard%2C+John+L%3BUrquhart%2C+N+Scott%3BNewell%2C+Avis+D%3BKugler%2C+Danny&rft.aulast=Stoddard&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F96WR00902 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid-neutralizing capacity; acidification; annual variations; Clean Air Act; Eastern U.S.; lakes; monitoring; pollution; regulations; streams; sulfate ion; surface water; TIME Project; United States; water quality DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96WR00902 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics of single and multiple metal ion sorption processes on humic substances AN - 50330087; 1996-066600 JF - Soil Science AU - Jin, X AU - Bailey, G W AU - Yu, Y S AU - Lynch, A T Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 509 EP - 520 PB - Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore, MD VL - 161 IS - 8 SN - 0038-075X, 0038-075X KW - United States KW - sorption KW - organic residues KW - cobalt KW - copper KW - lead KW - humic acids KW - Altamaha Valley KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - sediments KW - cadmium KW - valency KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - chromium KW - organic materials KW - pollutants KW - lithium KW - silver KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - models KW - peat KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - parent materials KW - cations KW - Georgia KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50330087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science&rft.atitle=Kinetics+of+single+and+multiple+metal+ion+sorption+processes+on+humic+substances&rft.au=Jin%2C+X%3BBailey%2C+G+W%3BYu%2C+Y+S%3BLynch%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=161&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science&rft.issn=0038075X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.soilsci.com LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SOSCAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; Altamaha Valley; cadmium; cations; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; chromium; cobalt; copper; geochemistry; Georgia; heavy metals; humic acids; humic substances; kinetics; lead; ligands; lithium; metals; models; organic acids; organic compounds; organic materials; organic residues; parent materials; peat; pH; pollutants; pollution; sediments; silver; simulation; sorption; temperature; transport; United States; valency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of the vial equilibration technique for determination of metabolic rate constants for dichloromethane AN - 16058079; 4106939 AB - Metabolism of methylene chloride, or dichloromethane (DCM), plays a key role in determining the kinetics and carcinogenicity of the halocarbon. The objectives of this study were: to evaluate and optimize the vial equilibration technique, originally described by Sato and Nakajima (1979a), in order to characterize the hepatic metabolism of DCM by Sprague--Dawley rats; to employ different hepatic microsomal preparations to examine buffer effects on DCM metabolism; and to assess the relative importance and metabolic constants of the mixed-function oxidase (MFO) and glutathione (GSH) S-transferase (GST) metabolic pathways. A crude liver homogenate (20% w/v) was prepared from perfused livers of male Sprague--Dawley (S--D) rats (275-325 g). A 30% glycerol buffer was found to significantly inhibit DCM metabolism, while 0.25 M sucrose buffer containing 10 mM EDTA and 1.15% KCl did not. DCM was incubated with the liver 10,000g supernatant or microsomes and cofactors in sealed headspace vials. Disappearance of DCM, as a measure of the chemical's metabolism, was monitored by headspace gas chromatography. Different trials were conducted to elucidate time--, enzyme--, and substrate--activity relationships. The scaled-up K sub(m) and V sub(max) values for the microsomal fraction were quite similar to optimized in vivo values reported by other investigators. In the current study, DCM appeared to be metabolized preferentially by cytochrome P450 IIE1, since substrates (e.g., pyrazole, ethanol, and glycerol) for this isozyme completely inhibited DCM metabolism. Thus, glycerol should not be used as a P450 stabilizer for preparation or storage of microsomes. Phorone pretreatment caused marked hepatic GSH depletion, but had little effect on the overall rate of DCM metabolism. Quantitatively, the GST pathway in the cytosol played a very minor role in DCM metabolism. It was not possible to accurately calculate metabolic constants for this pathway in S--D rats. The vial equilibration technique, as described here, is a relatively simple and reliable method, which should be broadly applicable for measuring the microsomal metabolism of DCM and other VOCs. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Kim, C AU - Manning, RO AU - Brown, R P AU - Bruckner, J V AD - Health Sciences Branch (HFZ-112), Office of Science and Technology, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, USA Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 243 EP - 251 VL - 139 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - metabolic rate KW - rats KW - dichloromethane KW - cytochrome P450 KW - glycerol KW - phorone KW - glutathione KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - microsomes KW - liver KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16058079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Use+of+the+vial+equilibration+technique+for+determination+of+metabolic+rate+constants+for+dichloromethane&rft.au=Kim%2C+C%3BManning%2C+RO%3BBrown%2C+R+P%3BBruckner%2C+J+V&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microsomes; liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic bioremediation of fuel contamination in ground water at a field site AN - 15811606; 4002745 AB - A spill of gasoline occurred at an automobile service station in 1986. Oily phase residue in the subsurface has continued for the past 8 yr to release water soluble fuel hydrocarbons into the aquifer. The site was characterized for implementation of intrinsic remediation. The subsurface was a beach sand with sea shell fragments. The water table was near 1.3 m below ground surface. Surface dimensions over the plume were about 200 m downgradient and 60 m in width. Three points to coincide with direction of ground-water flow were selected in the plume for water quality assessments. Both methane and trimethylbenzene were used as surrogate tracers to normalize loss of contaminants. Aerobic respiration and methanogenesis accounted for most biodegradation obtained. Assimilation capacities of dissolved oxygen, ferrous iron, and methane distributions when compared to BTEX concentrations showed that the ground water has sufficient capacity to degrade all dissolved BTEX before the plume moves beyond 250 m downgradient. Evidence obtained from loss of contaminants, geochemistry, and microbial breakdown chemicals showed that intrinsic bioremediation technology would be a viable option to restore the site. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Kampbell, D H AU - Wiedemeier, TH AU - Hansen, JE AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., Subsurface Prot. and Remediation Div., Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 197 EP - 204 VL - 49 IS - 2-3 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - methanogenesis KW - pollution clean-up KW - USA, Florida, Cocoa Beach KW - ground water KW - gasoline KW - cleanup KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts KW - oil spills KW - water pollution KW - bioremediation KW - groundwater pollution KW - hydrocarbons KW - A 01063:Utilization KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15811606?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+bioremediation+of+fuel+contamination+in+ground+water+at+a+field+site&rft.au=Kampbell%2C+D+H%3BWiedemeier%2C+TH%3BHansen%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Kampbell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - groundwater pollution; gasoline; oil spills; bioremediation; hydrocarbons; water pollution; cleanup; methanogenesis; pollution clean-up; ground water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatocyte expression of tumor associated aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-3) and p21 Ras following diethylnitrosamine (DEN) initiation and chronic exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DHEP) AN - 15773080; 3989091 AB - Phthalate esters such as di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) either promote or inhibit rat liver tumorigenesis depending on the carcinogenesis protocol. In this study, we examined the expression of two histochemical markers, the tumor associated isozyme of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-3) and the oncoprotein p21 Ras, in the livers of male F344 rats. The rats were initiated with DEN and further treated with either DEHP (a known inhibitor of hepatocarcinogenesis), phenobarbital (PB, a known promoter of hepatocarcinogenesis), or a combination of DEHP and PB. The studies were designed to examine the expression of these markers in both normal appearing liver and hepatic hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions and to correlate the early expression of the markers at 26 weeks in the normal appearing liver to later tumor incidence at 52 weeks. The expression of each marker was detected by immunohistochemical methods on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded sections of normal appearing liver or liver lesions. We found that ALDH-3 and p21 expression were significantly enhanced in rats receiving PB after DEN initiation at 26 weeks and that the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas was likewise increased compared to control or DEN only treated animals. DEN initiation followed by a combination of PB and either 0.1 or 0.5% DEHP significantly reduced ALDH-3 but not p21 Ras expression at 26 weeks compared to DEN plus PB only. These treatment regimens also reduced the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas at 52 weeks. DEN followed by any of the three doses of DEHP without PB resulted in ALDH-3 expression similar to DEN alone. However, p21 Ras expression was significantly increased after these treatments. For all treatment groups, both the early (26 weeks) expression of p21 Ras and ALDH-3 correlated with hepatocellular carcinoma incidence at 52 weeks. However, the correlation between hepatocellular carcinoma and ALDH-3 expression was better than p21 Ras or the other markers we have studied. We concluded that ALDH-3 expression is significantly downregulated after DEHP treatment, and that expression of the isozyme correlated with later hepatocarcinoma incidence and may indicate a significant relationship between ALDH-3 expression and hepatocarcinogenesis during DEHP treatment. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Richmond, R E AU - Carter, J H AU - Carter, H W AU - Daniel, F B AU - Deangelo, AB AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Center, Mail Drop 68. Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 1647 EP - 1655 VL - 17 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - rats KW - aldehyde dehydrogenase KW - Ras protein KW - p21 protein KW - N-nitrosodiethylamine KW - bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate KW - Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - liver KW - hepatocytes KW - X 24200:Nitrosamines & related compounds KW - B 26130:Ras and Ras related oncogenes (Rho/Rac/Ral) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15773080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Hepatocyte+expression+of+tumor+associated+aldehyde+dehydrogenase+%28ALDH-3%29+and+p21+Ras+following+diethylnitrosamine+%28DEN%29+initiation+and+chronic+exposure+to+di%282-ethylhexyl%29+phthalate+%28DHEP%29&rft.au=Richmond%2C+R+E%3BCarter%2C+J+H%3BCarter%2C+H+W%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BDeangelo%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Richmond&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hepatocytes; liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative cancer assessment for vinyl chloride: indications of early-life sensitivity. AN - 78213378; 8711737 AB - Complementary sources of information are analyzed to characterize the early-life cancer risk from inhaling vinyl chloride. A study of partial-lifetime exposures suggests that the lifetime cancer risk depends on age at exposure, with higher lifetime risks attributable to exposures at younger ages. Studies of newborn animal exposures further demonstrate that a brief exposure in newborns can, by the end of life, induce a higher incidence of tumors compared to long-term exposure occurring later in life, including tumor types not induced by exposure later in life. An empirical, quantitative approach is used to model early-life sensitivity to inhaled vinyl chloride, supplementing conventional approaches for estimating the increased cancer risk from lifetime exposure. A single estimate is not presumed to apply to the entire population; instead, the new approach makes distinctions about the cancer risks for different population segments. This assessment shows one way such information might be analyzed, presented, and used to assess actual exposure situations. JF - Toxicology AU - Cogliano, V J AU - Hiatt, G F AU - Den, A AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/07/17/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jul 17 SP - 21 EP - 28 VL - 111 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Vinyl Chloride KW - WD06X94M2D KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Age Factors KW - Disease Susceptibility KW - Vinyl Chloride -- toxicity KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Animals, Newborn -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78213378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+cancer+assessment+for+vinyl+chloride%3A+indications+of+early-life+sensitivity.&rft.au=Cogliano%2C+V+J%3BHiatt%2C+G+F%3BDen%2C+A&rft.aulast=Cogliano&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-07-17&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of four human studies of perinatal exposure to methylmercury for use in risk assessment. AN - 78208363; 8711732 AB - Newer data from human epidemiologic studies of methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning in which perinatal exposure occurred are available from four distinct populations. The results of an Iraqi grain-consuming population are compared to results from studies performed in fish-consuming groups in the Faroe Islands, the Seychelles Islands and in Peruvian fishing villages. A comparison of the results indicate that the Iraqi population does not represent a sensitive subpopulation within a perinatal group, but rather the relative lower threshold identified from this study was the results of confounders. Use of this benchmark dose for regulatory purposes may place a severe limitation upon fish consumption in the United States that is not fully supported by the scientific data. JF - Toxicology AU - Cicmanec, J L AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. Y1 - 1996/07/17/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jul 17 SP - 157 EP - 162 VL - 111 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Indian Ocean Islands -- epidemiology KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Denmark -- epidemiology KW - Iraq -- epidemiology KW - Risk Assessment KW - Peru -- epidemiology KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- poisoning KW - Food Contamination KW - Environmental Pollutants -- poisoning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78208363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+four+human+studies+of+perinatal+exposure+to+methylmercury+for+use+in+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Cicmanec%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cicmanec&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-07-17&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Toxicology 1997 May 16;119(3):239 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capillary electrophoretic behavior of seven sulfonylureas. AN - 78753216; 9384737 AB - The electrophoretic behavior of seven sulfonylureas (bensulfuron methyl, sulfometuron methyl, nicosulfuron [accent], chlorimuron ethyl, thifensulfuron methyl [harmony], metsulfuron methyl, and chlorsulfuron) was studied under capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) conditions. Mixtures of these compounds were separated with very high efficiencies (2 x 10(5) theoretical plates) in a running buffer consisting of 3 parts acetate buffer (25 mM, pH 5.0) and 1 part acetonitrile. In this buffer system, acetonitrile was shown to be superior to methanol, acetone, and ethanol as a nonpolar additive, but any of these solvents can be used to reduce electroosmotic flow (EOF) and to obtain adequate separation. On-column detection limits at 214 nM were of the order of 80-100 fM. Micellar agents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium cholate (but not monosialoganglioside-Gm1 or starburst dendrimer, generation 2.5) improved separation in phosphate and borate buffers. Implications of these results for the development of methods to detect these compounds on matrices of environmental origin are discussed. In particular, the instability of these compounds in methanol is noted and degradation products are detected using free zone CE. The methanolysis products of sulfometuron are tentatively identified by tandem MS (negative ion conditions) as 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine and 2-carboxymethylbenz(N-carboxymethyl)sulfonamide. JF - Journal of capillary electrophoresis AU - Matchett, W H AU - Winnik, W AU - Brumley, W C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 199 EP - 204 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 1079-5383, 1079-5383 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Micelles KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Chromatography -- methods KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary -- methods KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds -- isolation & purification KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds -- chemistry KW - Herbicides -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78753216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.atitle=Capillary+electrophoretic+behavior+of+seven+sulfonylureas.&rft.au=Matchett%2C+W+H%3BWinnik%2C+W%3BBrumley%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Matchett&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.issn=10795383&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-02 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory health effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. AN - 78685223; 9000301 AB - During the last 25 years, several hundred papers have been published on the respiratory health effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Various independent assessments have concluded that ETS causes lung cancer in adult nonsmokers and increases the risk of various noncancer effects, principally in children. The effects on children include pneumonia, bronchitis and bronchiolitis in young children; chronic middle ear effusion; increased frequency and severity of attacks among asthmatics; possible induction of asthma in previously asymptomatic individuals; small reductions in lung function; and symptoms of upper respiratory tract irritation. In nonsmoking adults, ETS exposure is associated with irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, and with wheezing, symptoms of bronchitis, shortness of breath, and decreased lung function. The results of recent studies not only confirm and strengthen the above findings but also provide strong suggestive evidence that ETS causes sinonasal cancer and is a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome. To mitigate such a preventable environmental health impact, public health measures to reduce involuntary ETS exposure are warranted. JF - Reviews on environmental health AU - Jinot, J AU - Bayard, S AD - Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 89 EP - 100 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 0048-7554, 0048-7554 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Public Health Administration KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Child KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- etiology KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78685223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Respiratory+health+effects+of+exposure+to+environmental+tobacco+smoke.&rft.au=Jinot%2C+J%3BBayard%2C+S&rft.aulast=Jinot&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.issn=00487554&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermoregulatory aspects of environmental exposure to anticholinesterase agents. AN - 78682859; 9000302 AB - Anticholinesterase (antiChE) agents can be highly toxic to birds and mammals and constitute a major proportion of the pesticides used throughout the world. AntiChEs consist of the organophosphates (OP), which irreversibly inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and the carbamates (CB), which reversibly inhibit AChE. AChE inhibition elicits cholinergic stimulation in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues and organs, which can lead to marked dysfunction of homeostatic systems, including temperature regulation. The control of body temperature uses cholinergic pathways in the integration and central processing of thermal information, as well as in the control of thermoeffector responses. Hence, the cholinergic stimulation elicited from exposure to antiChEs has profound effects on body temperature at rest as well as during exercise. Ambient heat and cold stress can also modulate the animal's sensitivity to antiChE exposure. After exposure to most OPs, rodents and other small species undergo a marked hypothermic response lasting up to 24 hours. On the other hand, humans exposed to OP pesticides rarely become hypothermic but rather experience a fever that may last many days. Recent studies monitoring body temperature in OP-exposed, telemetered rats demonstrated that the initial hypothermic response is followed by a period of hyperthermia lasting several days. That the hyperthermia can be blocked with administration of sodium salicylate suggests that the hyperthermia is a fever. Thus, the antiChE-induced effects on body temperature and other physiological systems cannot be explained solely by the immediate consequences of AChE inhibition and stimulation of cholinergic systems. Research into the mechanisms of action of antiChE toxicity will be improved with a better understanding of their effects on temperature regulation. JF - Reviews on environmental health AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 101 EP - 117 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 0048-7554, 0048-7554 KW - Carbamates KW - 0 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Insecticides KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Acclimatization KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Exercise KW - Fever -- chemically induced KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Hypothermia -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78682859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Thermoregulatory+aspects+of+environmental+exposure+to+anticholinesterase+agents.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.issn=00487554&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Rev Environ Health. 2007 Oct-Dec;22(4):i-ii [18351225] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alveolar breath sampling and analysis to assess exposures to methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) during motor vehicle refueling. AN - 78677045; 9028175 AB - Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is added to gasoline (15% by volume) in many areas of the U.S. to help control carbon monoxide emissions from motor vehicles. In this study we present a sampling and analytical methodology that can be used to assess consumers' exposures to MTBE that may result from routine vehicle refueling operations. The method is based on the collection of alveolar breath samples using evacuated one-liter stainless steel canisters and analysis using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer equipped with a patented "valveless" cryogenic preconcentrator. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, a series of breath samples was collected from two individuals (the person pumping the fuel and a nearby observer) immediately before and for 64 min after a vehicle was refueled with premium grade gasoline. Results demonstrate low levels of MTBE in both subjects' breaths before refueling, and levels that increased by a factor of 35 to 100 after the exposure. Breath elimination models fitted to the post exposure measurements indicate that the half-life of MTBE in the first physiological compartment was between 1.3 and 2.9 min. Analysis of the resulting models suggests that breath elimination of MTBE during the 64 min monitoring period was approximately 115 micrograms for the refueling subject while it was only 30 micrograms for the nearby observer. This analysis also shows that the post exposure breath elimination of other gasoline constituents was consistent with previously published observations. These results demonstrate that this new methodology can be used effectively in studies designed to assess exposures to MTBE. The method can be used to objectively demonstrate recent exposures, the relative magnitude of an exposure, and the approximate duration of the resulting bloodborne dose. Once a blood/breath partition coefficient for MTBE has been firmly established, the bloodborne concentration of the absorbed material can be determined using these techniques as well. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Lindstrom, A B AU - Pleil, J D AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Iindstrom.andrew@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 676 EP - 682 VL - 46 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Gasoline KW - Methyl Ethers KW - methyl tert-butyl ether KW - 29I4YB3S89 KW - Index Medicus KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Breath Tests KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Methyl Ethers -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78677045?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Alveolar+breath+sampling+and+analysis+to+assess+exposures+to+methyl+tertiary+butyl+ether+%28MTBE%29+during+motor+vehicle+refueling.&rft.au=Lindstrom%2C+A+B%3BPleil%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Lindstrom&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of vision on computerized neurobehavioral test scores: a proposal for improving test protocols. AN - 78450099; 8866529 AB - Computerized tests of neurobehavioral function are frequently administered in neurotoxicological studies with little attention given to the optical properties of test stimuli or to the vision of subjects. Yet many test stimuli are small or briefly presented, and test endpoints often involve short reaction times. Stimulus detection and reaction time are known to be strongly dependent upon stimulus luminance, contrast, and size, as well as on the subject's visual abilities. The current study assessed the influence of visual contrast sensitivity on Neurobehavioral Evaluation System 2 (NES2) test results in three data sets. Analyses indicated that vision was associated with up to 24% of the variance (Hand Eye Coordination test) in NES2 scores, even when visual acuity was normal, and that vision often influenced the significance of group differences. It is suggested that researchers measure the luminance, contrast, and size of test stimuli, the distance from the subject's eyes to the monitor, and the subject's visual contrast sensitivity. The measurement and control of stimulus parameters and the inclusion of visual function scores in analysis models could reduce the variability among computerized test scores both within and between studies. Models that assess the influence of vision on computerized test results may help to identify the CNS domains and specialized functions adversely affected by neurotoxicant exposures. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Otto, D A AU - House, D E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. hudnell@am.herl.epa.gov PY - 1996 SP - 391 EP - 400 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Solvents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Contrast Sensitivity -- drug effects KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Humans KW - Solvents -- adverse effects KW - Calibration KW - Lighting KW - Child KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Electronics KW - Female KW - Male KW - Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted -- methods KW - Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted -- instrumentation KW - Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted -- standards KW - Neuropsychological Tests -- standards KW - Vision, Ocular -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78450099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+vision+on+computerized+neurobehavioral+test+scores%3A+a+proposal+for+improving+test+protocols.&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BOtto%2C+D+A%3BHouse%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fourteen-day toxicity study of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene in Fischer 344 rats. AN - 78417676; 8854214 AB - Toxic effects of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) in male and female rats were evaluated by feeding powdered certified laboratory chow diet supplemented with varied concentrations of TNB (0, 50, 200, 400, 800 and 1200 mg kg-1 diet) for 14 days. Food intake by female rats in 400, 800 and 1200 mg TNB diet groups was reduced and resulted in a significant decrease in absolute body weights (BW). Food and water consumption by male rats in high-dose groups (800 and 1200 mg TNB kg-1 diet) was also reduced and resulted in a significant decrease in body weight. The calculated average TNB intake (from 1200 mg TNB kg-1 diet) was 92 mg kg-1 BW day-1 for male rats and 80 mg kg-1 BW day-1 for females. A decrease in testicular weight in males and an increase in spleen weight of both sexes in high-dose groups was noted. In addition, histopathological examinations revealed that the susceptible organs for TNB toxicity were kidney (hyaline droplets), spleen (extramedullary hematopoiesis), brain (hemorrhage, malacia and gliosis) and testes (seminiferous tubular degeneration). Hematology and clinical chemistry studies indicated a decrease in red blood cell count and hematocrit, a decrease in alkaline phosphatase, an increase in Heinz bodies and increased methemoglobin concentration as compared to controls in both sexes. A lowest observed adverse effect level of 4.41 mg TNB kg-1 BW day-1 was established based on the findings of this study. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Reddy, T V AU - Olson, G R AU - Wiechman, B AU - Reddy, G AU - Robinson, M AU - Torsella, J A AU - Daniel, F B AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 289 EP - 295 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Trinitrobenzenes KW - 0 KW - sym-trinitrobenzene KW - 2H75703R1X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Anemia -- chemically induced KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Organ Size KW - Body Weight KW - Rats KW - Hematologic Tests KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Cerebral Cortex -- pathology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Trinitrobenzenes -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78417676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Fourteen-day+toxicity+study+of+1%2C3%2C5-trinitrobenzene+in+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=Reddy%2C+T+V%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BWiechman%2C+B%3BReddy%2C+G%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BTorsella%2C+J+A%3BDaniel%2C+F+B&rft.aulast=Reddy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-14 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of atrazine on ovarian function in the rat. AN - 78365628; 8829248 AB - The effect of the chlorotriazine herbicide, atrazine, on ovarian function was studied in Long-Evans hooded (LE-hooded) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Atrazine was administered by gavage for 21 d to females displaying regular 4-d estrous cycles. In both strains, 75 mg/kg/d disrupted the 4-d ovarian cycle; however, no distinct alteration (i.e., irregular cycles but not persistent estrus or diestrus) was apparent at this dose. At 150 mg/kg/d, atrazine induced repetitive pseudopregnancies in females of both strains. The highest dose tested (300 mg/kg/d) also induced repetitive pseudopregnancies in the SD females, while the ovaries of the LE-hooded female appeared regressed and the smear cytology was indicative of the anestrous condition. Although a NOAEL was not established, the doses employed in this experiment were in excess of those used in chronic feeding studies in which an early onset of mammary gland tumors was noted. These data demonstrate that atrazine can disrupt ovarian function and bring about major changes in the endocrine profile of the female. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Cooper, R L AU - Stoker, T E AU - Goldman, J M AU - Parrish, M B AU - Tyrey, L AD - Endocrinology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 257 EP - 264 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Female KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Herbicides -- toxicity KW - Ovary -- physiology KW - Estrus -- drug effects KW - Atrazine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78365628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+atrazine+on+ovarian+function+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+R+L%3BStoker%2C+T+E%3BGoldman%2C+J+M%3BParrish%2C+M+B%3BTyrey%2C+L&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-09 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of dose rate on the neurotoxicity of acrylamide: the interaction of administered dose, target tissue concentrations, tissue damage, and functional effects. AN - 78162593; 8685900 AB - Health agencies are often required to predict the effects of long term low level exposure in humans based on annual data involving short-term high-level exposures. Uncertainties in extrapolation can be, in part, based on potentially different mechanism associated with different exposure scenarios. This study evaluated the adequacy of short-term exposures to acrylamide for predicting neurotoxicity produced by long-term exposures. The neurotoxic effects of acrylamide (ip) were assessed in rats after acute (0-150 mg/kg), 10-day (0-30 mg/kg), 30-day (0-20 mg/kg), and 90-day (0-10 mg/kg) exposures. Behavioral endpoints included motor activity, grip strength, and the acoustic startle response. Histological examination of sciatic nerve and spinal cord was also performed. Internal and target tissue doses were estimated by measurement of the concentration of acrylamide in serum and sciatic nerve. Functional and pathological results demonstrated that the effects of acrylamide depended on the dose rate and that the neurotoxicity of acrylamide was less than that predicted by a strict dose x time relationship. Behavioral endpoints showed both qualitative and quantitative changes as a function of dose rate. Recovery of behavioral function in these studies was independent of the duration of dosing. Because duration of dosing had no impact on the kinetics of acrylamide, these data indicate that the toxicity of acrylamide is not due to an accumulation of acrylamide in the target tissue. The less than strict cumulative toxicity of acrylamide may result from an interaction between administered dose, tissue damage, and repair processes. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Crofton, K M AU - Padilla, S AU - Tilson, H A AU - Anthony, D C AU - Raymer, J H AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health Effects and Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 163 EP - 176 VL - 139 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Acrylamides KW - 0 KW - Hemoglobins KW - Neurotoxins KW - Acrylamide KW - 20R035KLCI KW - Index Medicus KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Animals KW - Reflex, Startle -- drug effects KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Axons -- drug effects KW - Audiometry KW - Auditory Threshold -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Rats KW - Axons -- pathology KW - Hemoglobins -- metabolism KW - Auditory Cortex -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Hand Strength -- physiology KW - Male KW - Acrylamides -- pharmacokinetics KW - Acrylamides -- administration & dosage KW - Neurotoxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Acrylamides -- toxicity KW - Spinal Cord -- drug effects KW - Neurotoxins -- administration & dosage KW - Spinal Cord -- pathology KW - Sciatic Nerve -- pathology KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Sciatic Nerve -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78162593?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+dose+rate+on+the+neurotoxicity+of+acrylamide%3A+the+interaction+of+administered+dose%2C+target+tissue+concentrations%2C+tissue+damage%2C+and+functional+effects.&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BPadilla%2C+S%3BTilson%2C+H+A%3BAnthony%2C+D+C%3BRaymer%2C+J+H%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-21 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting soil sorption coefficients of organic chemicals using a neural network model AN - 52791428; 1996-079086 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Gao, Chao AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Tabak, Henry H Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 1089 EP - 1096 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - hazardous waste KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - sorption KW - PCBs KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - partitioning KW - triazines KW - octanol KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - water KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - insecticides KW - experimental studies KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - petroleum products KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - DDT KW - hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - regression analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52791428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Predicting+soil+sorption+coefficients+of+organic+chemicals+using+a+neural+network+model&rft.au=Gao%2C+Chao%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BTabak%2C+Henry+H&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1089&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; carbon; chemical composition; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; DDT; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hazardous waste; herbicides; hydrocarbons; insecticides; models; octanol; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; organochlorine pesticides; partitioning; PCBs; pesticides; petroleum products; pollution; prediction; regression analysis; sediments; soils; solubility; sorption; statistical analysis; triazines; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of equilibrium partitioning to establish sediment quality criteria for nonionic chemicals; a reply to Iannuzzi et al. AN - 52791381; 1996-079084 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ankley, G T AU - Berry, W J AU - Di Toro, D M AU - Hansen, D J AU - Hoke, R A AU - Mount, D R AU - Reiley, M C AU - Swartz, R C AU - Zarba, C S Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 1019 EP - 1024 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - water quality KW - benthic taxa KW - bioavailability KW - partitioning KW - toxicity KW - description KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - particulate materials KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - organic materials KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - equilibrium KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved materials KW - nonionic organic chemicals KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52791381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+equilibrium+partitioning+to+establish+sediment+quality+criteria+for+nonionic+chemicals%3B+a+reply+to+Iannuzzi+et+al.&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BBerry%2C+W+J%3BDi+Toro%2C+D+M%3BHansen%2C+D+J%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BMount%2C+D+R%3BReiley%2C+M+C%3BSwartz%2C+R+C%3BZarba%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1019&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to discussion see Iannuzzi, T. J. et al., Environ. Toxicol. Chem., Vol. 14, p. 1257-1259, 1995; for reference to original see Di Toro, D. M. et al., Environ. Toxicol. Chem., Vol. 10, p. 1541-1583, 1991 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; bioavailability; carbon; chemical composition; chemical properties; description; dissolved materials; equilibrium; experimental studies; nonionic organic chemicals; numerical models; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; particulate materials; partitioning; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; pore water; sediments; solubility; statistical analysis; toxicity; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the degradation of methyl bromide in sea water AN - 51059547; 1996-066352 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Jeffers, Peter M AU - Wolfe, N Lee Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 1773 EP - 1776 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 23 IS - 14 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - chlorine KW - sea water KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - rates KW - temperature KW - ozone KW - organic compounds KW - methyl bromide KW - chemical reactions KW - chloride ion KW - agrochemicals KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ion exchange KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51059547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=On+the+degradation+of+methyl+bromide+in+sea+water&rft.au=Jeffers%2C+Peter+M%3BWolfe%2C+N+Lee&rft.aulast=Jeffers&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F96GL01670 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; chemical reactions; chloride ion; chlorine; degradation; geochemistry; halogenated hydrocarbons; halogens; hydrolysis; ion exchange; methyl bromide; organic compounds; ozone; pollutants; pollution; rates; sea water; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96GL01670 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence of Gross Pathological Abnormalities in Estuarine Fishes AN - 20541644; 9227351 AB - Gross external pathological abnormalities are frequently used as indicators of anthropogenic influence in estuarine and marine waters, but little baseline information is available to identify what constitutes normal prevalences (percentages of animals affected). To establish this baseline, trawl samples were collected from 120 randomly located estuarine sites in the Virginian biogeographic province (mid-Atlantic) in 1990 and from 220 randomly located sites in the Louisianian biogeographic province (Gulf Coast) in 1991 and 1992. Sediment contaminant concentrations were measured at each site. In all, 24,291 fish representing 143 species were examined for gross pathological abnormalities, and background prevalences were estimated to be 0.5% in midAtlantic and 0.7% in Gulf Coast estuaries. Fifteen types of gross abnormalities were noted. Skin lesions were the most prevalent abnormalities in both provinces, followed by ocular abnormalities (e.g., exophthalmia, keratitis) in the Virginian Province and branchial chamber abnormalities (e.g., parasites, gill arch deformities) in the Louisianian Province. The prevalence of gross abnormalities was about three times higher for demersal fish than for pelagic fish and was about eight times more prevalent at sites with high sediment contaminant concentrations. Among the major estuarine systems of the mid-Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines, pathological abnormalities were most prevalent in Galveston Bay and lowest in Long Island Sound and Mississippi Sound. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Fournie, John W AU - SUMMERS, JKEVIN AU - Weisberg, Stephen B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 581 EP - 590 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. VL - 125 IS - 4 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Pelagic fisheries KW - Gulfs KW - ANW, USA, Virginian Province KW - Sound KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Gills KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Biogeography KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Coastal zone KW - Keratitis KW - Fish KW - Contaminants KW - Abnormalities KW - Parasites KW - Pisces KW - Islands KW - Pollutants KW - ASW, USA, Alabama, Mississippi Sound KW - Sounds KW - Lesions KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Coasts KW - Sediment pollution KW - ANW, USA, Virginian Biogeographic Prov. KW - Skin KW - ANW, USA, Long Island Sound KW - ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay KW - Sediments KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Skin diseases KW - Exophthalmia KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20541644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Prevalence+of+Gross+Pathological+Abnormalities+in+Estuarine+Fishes&rft.au=Fournie%2C+John+W%3BSUMMERS%2C+JKEVIN%3BWeisberg%2C+Stephen+B&rft.aulast=Fournie&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2F1548-8659%281996%291252.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Pelagic fisheries; Exophthalmia; Biogeography; Estuaries; Brackishwater environment; Gills; Abnormalities; Coasts; Islands; Skin diseases; Sound; Keratitis; Contaminants; Sediments; Parasites; Coastal zone; Skin; anthropogenic factors; Lesions; Fish; Pollutants; Sounds; Sediment Contamination; Gulfs; Pisces; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ANW, USA, Virginian Province; ANW, USA, Virginian Biogeographic Prov.; ANW, USA, Long Island Sound; ASW, USA, Alabama, Mississippi Sound; ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1996)125<0581:POGPAI>2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of climate warming on fish thermal habitat in streams of the United States AN - 1808725909; PQ0003340925 AB - The effects of climate warming on the thermal habitat of 57 species of fish of the U.S. were estimated using results for a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide that were predicted by the Canadian Climate Center general circulation model. Baseline water temperature conditions were calculated from data collected at 1,700 U.S. Geological Survey stream monitoring stations across the U.S. Water temperatures after predicted climate change were obtained by multiplying air temperature changes by 0.9, a factor based on several field studies, and adding them to baseline water temperatures at stations in corresponding grid cells. Results indicated that habitat for cold and cool water fish would be reduced by 50%, and that this effect would be distributed throughout the existing range of these species. Habitat losses were greater among species with smaller initial distributions and in geographic regions with the greatest warming (e.g. the central Midwest). Results for warm water fish habitat were less certain because of the poor state of knowledge regarding their high and low temperature tolerances; however, the habitat of many species of this thermal guild likely will also be substantially reduced by climate warming, whereas the habitat of other species will be increased. JF - Limnology and Oceanography AU - Eaton, John G AU - Scheller, Robert M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, Minnesota 55804. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 1109 EP - 1115 PB - Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography VL - 41 IS - 5 SN - 0024-3590, 0024-3590 KW - Ecology Abstracts; Sustainability Science Abstracts; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - Water Temperature KW - Climatic changes KW - Limnology KW - Low temperature KW - Monitoring systems KW - Habitat changes KW - Atmospheric circulation KW - Water temperature KW - Habitat KW - Guilds KW - Aquatic Habitats KW - Fish KW - Monitoring KW - Carbon dioxide KW - Geographical distribution KW - Climate change KW - Streams KW - Air temperature KW - Habitats KW - Ocean-atmosphere system KW - Temperature effects KW - Marine KW - Data processing KW - Climates KW - USA KW - Geological surveys KW - Global warming KW - Temperature tolerance KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies KW - SW 0810:General KW - M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08604:Stock assessment and management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1808725909?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Effects+of+climate+warming+on+fish+thermal+habitat+in+streams+of+the+United+States&rft.au=Eaton%2C+John+G%3BScheller%2C+Robert+M&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=00243590&rft_id=info:doi/10.4319%2Flo.1996.41.5.1109 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2016-07-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-12-22 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Temperature effects; Geographical distribution; Low temperature; Climate change; Geological surveys; Ocean-atmosphere system; Atmospheric circulation; Habitat; Carbon dioxide; Streams; Monitoring systems; Air temperature; Guilds; Data processing; Climatic changes; Water temperature; Temperature tolerance; Habitat changes; Limnology; Global warming; Fish; Habitats; Water Temperature; Aquatic Habitats; Climates; Monitoring; USA; Marine DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.4319/lo.1996.41.5.1109 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of mycorrhizas in the response of Pinus taeda seedlings to elevated CO sub(2) AN - 15778209; 3988929 AB - The effects of mycorrhizal status, phosphorus supply and CO sub(2) partial pressure on production and allocation of biomass in seedlings from two populations of Pinus taeda L. were examined. Seedlings from a North Carolina and a Florida population were grown in sterile soil in full-factorial experiment with one of two phosphorus treatments (low P, high P) and at one of two CO sub(2) partial pressures (35.5, 71.0 Pa). One half of the seedlings were inoculated with Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch hyphae and spores. Seedlings were harvested 60, 90 and 120 d after emergence. Elevated CO sub(2) significantly increased total seedling dry mass in all treatments at all three harvests. Phosphorus limitation reduced seedling growth, and mycorrhizas increased seedling growth in seedlings limited by phosphorus supply. Generally, however, there were no interactions between CO sub(2), phosphorus supply and mycorrhizal status on dry mass of seedlings. Mycorrhizas probably did not affect the response of dry mass to elevated CO sub(2) because phosphorus limitation did not reduce response of dry mass to elevated CO sub(2). Phosphorus-limited seedlings responded to elevated CO sub(2) as a result of increased phosphorus uptake, resulting from increased total root dry mass, and increased phosphorus use efficiency. Although mycorrhizal colonization did not affect the response of biomass to elevated CO sub(2), it significantly reduced the response of needle area. As a result, specific leaf area (leaf area per unit plant biomass) was lower in mycorrhizal seedlings grown in elevated CO sub(2) than in mycorrhizal seedlings grown in ambient CO sub(2). Because there were no effects on relative growth rate or seedling dry mass, reductions in specific leaf area suggest that elevated CO sub(2) reduced the relative cost of the symbiosis. JF - New Phytologist AU - Lewis, J D AU - Strain, B R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 200 S.W. 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 431 EP - 443 VL - 133 IS - 3 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - carbon dioxide KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - atmospheric conditions KW - Pinus taeda KW - ectomycorrhizas KW - USA, Southeast KW - leaf area KW - growth KW - D 04635:Conifers KW - A 01044:General KW - K 03096:Mycorrhiza UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15778209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=The+role+of+mycorrhizas+in+the+response+of+Pinus+taeda+seedlings+to+elevated+CO+sub%282%29&rft.au=Lewis%2C+J+D%3BStrain%2C+B+R&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus taeda; USA, Southeast; ectomycorrhizas; atmospheric conditions; growth; leaf area ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urine mutagenicity and biochemical effects of the drinking water mutagen, 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2[5H]-furanone (MX), following repeated oral administration to mice and rats. AN - 78094161; 8658560 AB - Mutagenicity analysis of urine from rats treated by oral gavage with MX at a dose of 64 mg/kg for 14 days revealed that only 0.3% of the administered compound was excreted in a genotoxically active form. At lower doses, mutagenicity was not detectable. No evidence of micronucleus induction in peripheral blood erythrocytes was observed in mice treated similarly. These findings indicate that MX is extensively detoxified in vivo and is unlikely to cause genetic damage in systemic tissues except at relatively high doses where detoxification pathways become saturated. In a separate experiment, significant depressions were observed in D-glucaric acid and thioether excretion and in levels of several liver enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. The mechanism for these metabolic alterations and their relevance to the in vivo metabolism of the compound require further investigation. JF - Toxicology AU - Meier, J R AU - Monarca, S AU - Patterson, K S AU - Villarini, M AU - Daniel, F B AU - Moretti, M AU - Pasquini, R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Y1 - 1996/06/17/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jun 17 SP - 59 EP - 70 VL - 110 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Furans KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Sulfides KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone KW - 77439-76-0 KW - Glucuronidase KW - EC 3.2.1.31 KW - Glucaric Acid KW - QLZ991V4A2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Drinking KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Sulfides -- metabolism KW - Microbodies -- chemistry KW - Mice KW - Glucuronidase -- urine KW - Feces -- chemistry KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Biotransformation KW - Fresh Water KW - Erythrocytes -- cytology KW - Glucaric Acid -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Furans -- administration & dosage KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Furans -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- administration & dosage KW - Urine -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78094161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Urine+mutagenicity+and+biochemical+effects+of+the+drinking+water+mutagen%2C+3-chloro-4-%28dichloromethyl%29-5-hydroxy-2%5B5H%5D-furanone+%28MX%29%2C+following+repeated+oral+administration+to+mice+and+rats.&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BMonarca%2C+S%3BPatterson%2C+K+S%3BVillarini%2C+M%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BMoretti%2C+M%3BPasquini%2C+R&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-06-17&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-30 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative structure-activity relationships for the developmental toxicity of haloacetic acids in mammalian whole embryo culture. AN - 78517938; 8910981 AB - Developmental toxicity in mouse whole embryo culture assay has been reported for acetic acid (AA) and a series of ten haloacetic acids, including mono-, di-, tri-fluoro (MFA, DFA, TFA), chloro (MCA, DCA, TCA), bromo (MBA, DBA, TBA), and monoiodo (MIA) acetic acids. Benchmark concentrations (BCm), calculated as the lower 95% confidence limit of molar acid concentration producing a 5% increase in embryos with neural tube defects, provided potency estimates for development of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs). The best overall regression was obtained for the ten halo-acids (excluding AA) and related log (1/BCm) to the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (Elumo) and acid dissociation constant (pKa) with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.97, and a sample size-adjusted r2 = 0.92. This QSAR suggested a common basis for the mechanism of HA activity, which would imply additivity for mixtures of these acids. Examination of QSARs for subsets of the total data set (e.g., monohaloacids) highlighted parameter relationships embedded in the total QSAR, helping to unravel the separate contributions of Elumo and pKa to the overall potency. The relevance of these parameters is discussed in terms of postulated mechanisms of developmental toxicity involving changes in intercellular pH and redox metabolism. The whole embryo assay results pertain to direct embryo exposure and toxicity without the confounding influence of maternal factors. The resulting QSAR model offers possible insight into the mechanism of embryo toxicity that will hopefully contribute to understanding of the more complex, in vivo teratogenicity problem. JF - Teratology AU - Richard, A M AU - Hunter, E S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 352 EP - 360 VL - 53 IS - 6 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Acetates -- chemistry KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- chemistry KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Acetates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78517938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+structure-activity+relationships+for+the+developmental+toxicity+of+haloacetic+acids+in+mammalian+whole+embryo+culture.&rft.au=Richard%2C+A+M%3BHunter%2C+E+S&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-18 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the oral carcinogenicity of cadmium. AN - 78350936; 8812970 JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Collins, J F AU - Brown, J P AU - Painter, P R AU - Zeise, L A AU - Alexeeff, G V AU - Wade, M J AU - Siegel, D M AU - Wong, J J AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California, 94704, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 298 EP - 299 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Cadmium Poisoning KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Male KW - Risk Assessment KW - Cadmium -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Cadmium -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78350936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=On+the+oral+carcinogenicity+of+cadmium.&rft.au=Collins%2C+J+F%3BBrown%2C+J+P%3BPainter%2C+P+R%3BZeise%2C+L+A%3BAlexeeff%2C+G+V%3BWade%2C+M+J%3BSiegel%2C+D+M%3BWong%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone toxicity in the mouse: comparison and modeling of responses in susceptible and resistant strains. AN - 78322403; 8806922 AB - Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated a concentration-related hypothermia and increases in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid indexes of toxicity in the rat after exposure to environmentally relevant levels of ozone (O3). In similar studies with C57BL/6J (B6) and C3H/HeJ (C3) mice, other investigators have reported differential effects on BAL toxicity indexes between the two strains after O3 exposure. The present study investigated the relationship between the reported strain differences in BAL parameters in B6 and C3 mice exposed to O3 and the induced hypothermic response. Male 80-day-old mice (n = 94, 47/strain) were used for these studies. Subsets (n = 8/strain) of these animals were surgically implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that permitted continuous monitoring of core body temperature and activity. All telemetry animals and an equal number of nontelemetry animals (n = 8/strain) were exposed to filtered air for 24 h followed by a 2-h exposure to 2 parts/million 16O3. With use of a similar protocol, groups of nontelemetry mice (n = 12/strain) were exposed to either filtered air or 2 parts/million 16O3 for 2 h. At 0 or 22 h postexposure, mice were anesthetized with halothane and intubated, and their lungs were lavaged with 37 degrees C saline. Although both strains of mice exhibited significant abrupt decreases in core body temperature on exposure to O3 and both recovered rapidly after cessation of the O3 exposure, the response of the C3 mice was more dynamic than that of the B6 mice. Similarly, both strains showed characteristic changes in biomarkers of O3 toxicity; however, the increases in BAL fluid protein and cells at 22 h postexposure were significantly greater and the percentage of neutrophils was significantly less in B6 mice than in C3 mice. It is possible that the strain differences in BAL constituents may be related to the differences in the hypothermic response. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Highfill, J W AU - Slade, R AU - Hatch, G E AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 2134 EP - 2142 VL - 80 IS - 6 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Telemetry KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- physiology KW - Ozone -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78322403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Ozone+toxicity+in+the+mouse%3A+comparison+and+modeling+of+responses+in+susceptible+and+resistant+strains.&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W+P%3BHighfill%2C+J+W%3BSlade%2C+R%3BHatch%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A physiologically based toxicokinetic model for dermal absorption of organic chemicals by fish. AN - 78301835; 8789789 AB - A physiologically based toxicokinetic model was developed to describe dermal absorption of waterborne organic chemicals by fish. The skin was modeled as a discrete compartment into which compounds diffuse as a function of chemical permeability and the concentration gradient. The model includes a countercurrent description of chemical flux at fish gills and was used to simulate dermal-only exposures, during which the gills act as a route of elimination. The model was evaluated by exposing adult rainbow trout and channel catfish to hexachloroethane (HCE), pentachloroethane (PCE), and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TCE). Skin permeability coefficients were obtained by fitting model simulations to measured arterial blood data. Permeability coefficients increased with the number of chlorine substituent groups, but not in the manner expected from a directly proportional relationship between dermal permeability and skin:water chemical partitioning. An evaluation of rate limitations on dermal flux in both trout and catfish suggested that chemical absorption was limited more by diffusion across the skin than by blood flow to the skin. Modeling results from a hypothetical combined dermal and branchial exposure indicate that dermal uptake could contribute from 1.6% (TCE) to 3.5% (HCE) of initial uptake in trout. Dermal uptake rates in catfish are even higher than those in trout and could contribute from 7.1% (TCE) to 8.3% (PCE) of initial uptake in a combined exposure. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Nichols, J W AU - McKim, J M AU - Lien, G J AU - Hoffman, A D AU - Bertelsen, S L AU - Elonen, C M AD - Mid-Continent Ecology Division-Duluth, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 229 EP - 242 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - 0 KW - tetrachloroethane KW - 25322-20-7 KW - hexachloroethane KW - G30K3QQT4J KW - Ethane KW - L99N5N533T KW - pentachloroethane KW - QOJ9TH7LDL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Skin Absorption KW - Ethane -- analogs & derivatives KW - Ethane -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- pharmacokinetics KW - Ictaluridae -- metabolism KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78301835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+physiologically+based+toxicokinetic+model+for+dermal+absorption+of+organic+chemicals+by+fish.&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J+W%3BMcKim%2C+J+M%3BLien%2C+G+J%3BHoffman%2C+A+D%3BBertelsen%2C+S+L%3BElonen%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A pharmacokinetic model of anaerobic in vitro carbon tetrachloride metabolism. AN - 78135592; 8665616 AB - Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a potent hepatotoxic agent whose toxicity is mediated through cytochome P450-dependent metabolism. Results from anaerobic in vitro experiments with hepatic microsomes isolated from male F-344 rats indicate that chlorofom (CHCl3) formation from CCl4 is nonlinear with dose. Dose is traditionally expressed as the amount of CCl4 added to the vial. In this study, a pharmacokinetic model has been developed to calculate the concentration of CCl4 in the microsomal suspension. Hepatic microsomes prepared from fed and fasted animals were incubated with CCl4 under anaerobic conditions and formation of CHCl3 over a 5-min incubation period was monitored by headspace gas chromatography. Dose-response curves, based on total amount of CCl4 added to the microsomes, revealed a nonlinear, biphasic appearance of CHCl3, with fasting slightly increasing CHCl3 production in microsomes prepared from fasted rats. Microsomes were also pretreated with the CYP2E1 inhibitor, diallyl sulfone (DAS), before addition of CCl4. In uninhibited microsomes, there appeared to be a high-affinity saturable phase of metabolism occurring at lower concentrations followed by a linear phase at higher CCl4 concentrations. Following DAS pretreatment, the saturable portion of the dose-response curve was inhibited more than the linear phase with the biphasic CHCl3 production becoming more linear. DAS inhibition eliminated the effect of fasting on CHCl3 formation. The best fit kinetic constants for the saturable phase resulted in an estimate of V(max) of 0.017 mg/h/mg protein (V(maxc) = 7.61 mg/h/kg) and Km of 2.3 mg/l (15 microM). The linear phase rate constant (kf) was determined to be 0.046 h-1) (kfc = 0.03 h-1). In conclusion, a pharmacokinetic model has been developed for anaerobic in vitro metabolism of CCl4 to CHCl3 that estimates metabolic rates based on CHCl3 formation and actual CCl4 concentration in the microsomal suspension. JF - Chemico-biological interactions AU - Andersen, N J AU - Waller, C L AU - Adamovic, J B AU - Thompson, D J AU - Allis, J W AU - Andersen, M E AU - Simmons, J E AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch (MD-74), United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 13 EP - 31 VL - 101 IS - 1 SN - 0009-2797, 0009-2797 KW - Allyl Compounds KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Sulfones KW - diallyl sulfone KW - 16841-48-8 KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 KW - EC 1.14.13.- KW - Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating KW - EC 1.5.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Food KW - Allyl Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Fasting KW - Models, Biological KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Sulfones -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating -- metabolism KW - Anaerobiosis KW - Male KW - Chloroform -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78135592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.atitle=A+pharmacokinetic+model+of+anaerobic+in+vitro+carbon+tetrachloride+metabolism.&rft.au=Andersen%2C+N+J%3BWaller%2C+C+L%3BAdamovic%2C+J+B%3BThompson%2C+D+J%3BAllis%2C+J+W%3BAndersen%2C+M+E%3BSimmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.issn=00092797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-02 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A simulation study of the influence of study design on the estimation of benchmark doses for developmental toxicity. AN - 78113903; 8693165 AB - The benchmark dose (BMD)4 approach is emerging as replacement to determination of the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) in noncancer risk assessment. This possibility raises the issue as to whether current study designs for endpoints such as developmental toxicity, optimized for detecting pair wise comparisons, could be improved for the purpose of calculating BMDs. In this paper, we examine various aspects of study design (number of dose groups, dose spacing, dose placement, and sample size per dose group) on BMDs for two endpoints of developmental toxicity (the incidence of abnormalities and of reduced fetal weight). Design performance was judged by the mean-squared error (reflective of the variance and bias) of the maximum likelihood estimate (MLE) from the log-logistic model of the 5% added risk level (the likely target risk for a benchmark calculation), as well as by the length of its 95% confidence interval (the lower value of which is the (BMD). We found that of the designs evaluated, the best results were obtained when two dose levels had response rates above the background level, one of which was near the ED05, were present. This situation is more likely to occur with more, rather than fewer dose levels per experiment. In this instance, there was virtually no advantage in increasing the sample size from 10 to 20 litters per dose group. If neither of the two dose groups with response rates above the background level was near the ED05, satisfactory results were also obtained, but the BMDs tended to be more conservative (i.e., lower). If only one dose level with a response rate above the background level was present, and it was near the ED05, reasonable results for the MLE and BMD were obtained, but here we observed benefits of larger dose group sizes. The poorest results were obtained when only a single group with an elevated response rate was present, and the response rate was much greater than the ED05. The results indicate that while the benchmark dose approach is readily applicable to the standard study designs and generally observed dose-responses in developmental assays, some minor design modifications would increase the accuracy and precision of the BMD. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Schmid, J E AU - Setzer, R W AD - RTD, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 399 EP - 410 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Computer Simulation KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Models, Biological KW - Likelihood Functions KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Pregnancy KW - Teratogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78113903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=A+simulation+study+of+the+influence+of+study+design+on+the+estimation+of+benchmark+doses+for+developmental+toxicity.&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BSchmid%2C+J+E%3BSetzer%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the mass balance model used by the Environmental Protection Agency for estimating inhalation exposure to new chemical substances. AN - 78083944; 8651073 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for assessing the potential for unacceptable human health and environmental risks of new chemical substances prior to commercialization. Estimates of potential inhalation exposure to workers during manufacture, processing, and use of a new chemical substance are key elements of these assessments. However, the available information with which to assess the potential for exposure is often limited for new chemicals. One approach used by EPA to develop screening level estimates of inhalation exposure to vapors in the absence of data is the use of a mass balance model to predict the airborne concentration for various activities such as drumming and sampling. The mass balance model was evaluated by comparing the exposure estimates for specific operations with monitoring data reported in selected studies from the available literature. In general the estimated exposures based on the midpoint of the range of default input values were well within one order of magnitude of the measured exposures. Selection of more conservative (i.e., protective) model input values overestimated exposures by one or more orders of magnitude. There are many simplifying assumptions inherent in the model and many variables that influence exposure that are not considered. Uncertainty analyses of the model demonstrated that values selected for the ventilation flow rate and generation rate greatly influence the estimate of exposure and should be carefully chosen. Additional research is recommended, and ultimately, model validation should be completed to further improve and refine the model. JF - American Industrial Hygiene Association journal AU - Fehrenbacher, M C AU - Hummel, A A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 526 EP - 536 VL - 57 IS - 6 SN - 0002-8894, 0002-8894 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Inhalation KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78083944?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+journal&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+mass+balance+model+used+by+the+Environmental+Protection+Agency+for+estimating+inhalation+exposure+to+new+chemical+substances.&rft.au=Fehrenbacher%2C+M+C%3BHummel%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Fehrenbacher&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+journal&rft.issn=00028894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased [3H]phorbol ester binding in rat cerebellar granule cells and inhibition of 45Ca2+ sequestration in rat cerebellum by polychlorinated diphenyl ether congeners and analogs: structure-activity relationships. AN - 78058329; 8658526 AB - Our previous reports indicate that ortho-substituted non-coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners perturbed neuronal Ca2+-homeostasis in vitro, altered agonist-stimulated inositol phosphate accumulation, and caused protein kinase C (PKC) translocation. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) with 24 PCB congeners was consistent with a chlorination pattern that favored non-coplanarity while those with chlorination that favored coplanarity were less active. To test the hypothesis that coplanarity (or lack thereof) is a significant factor in the activity of PCBs, studies with related classes of chemicals such as the polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs), in which coplanarity is more difficult to achieve regardless of degree and pattern of chlorination, were initiated. The selected PCDEs and their analogs are predicted to be active, since they are non-coplanar in nature. The effects of these chemicals were studied using the same measures for which PCBs had differential effects based on structural configuration. These measures include PKC translocation as determined by [3H]-phorbol ester ([3H]PDBu) binding in cerebellar granule cells and 45Ca2+ sequestration as determined by 45Ca2+ uptake by microsomes and mitochondria isolated from adult rat cerebellum. All the PCDE congeners studied, increased [3H]PDBu binding in a concentration-dependent manner. The order of potency was 2,4,4'-trichlorodiphenyl ether > 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl ether > diphenyl ether, 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorodiphenyl ether and, 2,2',4,4',5- and 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorodiphenyl ethers. The structurally related diphenyl ether nitrofen and diphenyl ethanes o,p'-1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis[p-chlorophenyl]ethane (DDT) and p,p'-DDT increased [3H]PDBu binding to a similar extent (28-35% stimulation at 100 microM). All PCDE congeners and their analogs inhibited 45Ca2+ sequestration by microsomes and mitochondria. Of all the chemicals, unchlorinated diphenyl ether was the least active. These results are in agreement with previous SAR findings in which non-coplanar PCBs are active and support our hypothesis that the extent of coplanarity determined by a pattern of chlorination on certain aromatic hydrocarbons can weaken their potency in vitro, although the extent of chlorination is also important. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Ward, T R AU - McKinney, J D AU - Waller, C L AU - Tilson, H A AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 251 EP - 261 VL - 138 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Ethers KW - 0 KW - 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorodiphenyl ether KW - 119036-18-9 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Models, Molecular KW - Microsomes -- metabolism KW - Mitochondria -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Pregnancy KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Ethers -- chemistry KW - Ethers -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Ethers -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Cytoplasmic Granules -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78058329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Increased+%5B3H%5Dphorbol+ester+binding+in+rat+cerebellar+granule+cells+and+inhibition+of+45Ca2%2B+sequestration+in+rat+cerebellum+by+polychlorinated+diphenyl+ether+congeners+and+analogs%3A+structure-activity+relationships.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D%3BWaller%2C+C+L%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Screening-level approach for estimating contaminant export from tributaries AN - 52813209; 1996-061141 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Velleux, Mark AU - Gailani, Joseph AU - Endicott, Doug Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 503 EP - 514 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 122 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - Buffalo River KW - agricultural waste KW - PCBs KW - data processing KW - suspended materials KW - chemical waste KW - simulation KW - Lake Michigan KW - transport KW - mass balance KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - depositional environment KW - Wisconsin KW - discharge KW - soils KW - granulometry KW - North America KW - sediment transport KW - Lake Erie KW - Fox River KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Oswego River KW - mathematical models KW - models KW - computer programs KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - detection KW - Lake Winnebago KW - industrial waste KW - waste disposal KW - tailings KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52813209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Screening-level+approach+for+estimating+contaminant+export+from+tributaries&rft.au=Velleux%2C+Mark%3BGailani%2C+Joseph%3BEndicott%2C+Doug&rft.aulast=Velleux&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agricultural waste; Buffalo River; case studies; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; computer programs; data processing; depositional environment; detection; discharge; Fox River; granulometry; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; industrial waste; Lake Erie; Lake Michigan; Lake Winnebago; mass balance; mathematical models; models; New York; North America; organic compounds; Oswego River; PCBs; point sources; pollutants; pollution; sediment transport; simulation; soils; surface water; suspended materials; tailings; transport; United States; waste disposal; water quality; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and effects of the herbicide atrazine in flow-through wetland mesocosms AN - 52784551; 1996-079083 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Detenbeck, Naomi E AU - Hermanutz, Roger AU - Allen, Kathleen AU - Swift, Michael C Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 937 EP - 946 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 15 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - partitioning KW - triazines KW - transport KW - chemical properties KW - Mississippi River KW - water pollution KW - mobility KW - hydrology KW - Minnesota KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - herbicides KW - surface water KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - biota KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - wetlands KW - atrazine KW - runoff KW - seasonal variations KW - pesticides KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52784551?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Fate+and+effects+of+the+herbicide+atrazine+in+flow-through+wetland+mesocosms&rft.au=Detenbeck%2C+Naomi+E%3BHermanutz%2C+Roger%3BAllen%2C+Kathleen%3BSwift%2C+Michael+C&rft.aulast=Detenbeck&rft.aufirst=Naomi&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=937&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atrazine; bioassays; biochemistry; biota; chemical properties; concentration; detection; experimental studies; herbicides; hydrology; in situ; microorganisms; Minnesota; Mississippi River; mobility; models; monitoring; organic compounds; partitioning; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; runoff; seasonal variations; solutes; surface water; transport; triazines; United States; water pollution; water quality; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The correlation analysis method applied to data analysis of pump tests AN - 52146381; 2002-013159 AB - The paper presents that the correlation analysis method has been applied to the data analysis on the pumping-out test for different exploration. The method is rather simple in practical application and gives better results. JF - Heilongjiang Dizhi = Heilongjiang Geology AU - Zhang, Huanzhi AU - Lu, Wanbin Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 26 EP - 35 PB - Heilongjiang Sheng Dizhi Kuangchanju, Ha'erbin VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1002-2325, 1002-2325 KW - pump tests KW - numerical analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pumping KW - data processing KW - mathematical models KW - ground water KW - correlation coefficient KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52146381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Heilongjiang+Dizhi+%3D+Heilongjiang+Geology&rft.atitle=The+correlation+analysis+method+applied+to+data+analysis+of+pump+tests&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Huanzhi%3BLu%2C+Wanbin&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Huanzhi&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Heilongjiang+Dizhi+%3D+Heilongjiang+Geology&rft.issn=10022325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - correlation coefficient; data processing; ground water; mathematical models; numerical analysis; pump tests; pumping; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a lumped, nonlinear kinetics model to metal sorption on humic substances AN - 50331673; 1996-061099 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Yu, Y Shane AU - Bailey, George W AU - Jin, Xianchan Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 552 EP - 561 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - sorption KW - cobalt KW - copper KW - landfills KW - lead KW - humic acids KW - ions KW - ground water KW - transport KW - cadmium KW - mobility KW - kinetics KW - chromium KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - lithium KW - silver KW - physicochemical properties KW - alkali metals KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - Laplace transformations KW - aquifers KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50331673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+lumped%2C+nonlinear+kinetics+model+to+metal+sorption+on+humic+substances&rft.au=Yu%2C+Y+Shane%3BBailey%2C+George+W%3BJin%2C+Xianchan&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aquifers; cadmium; chromium; cobalt; copper; ground water; humic acids; humic substances; ions; kinetics; landfills; Laplace transformations; lead; lithium; mathematical models; metals; mobility; models; organic acids; organic compounds; organic materials; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; prediction; silver; soils; sorption; toxic materials; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The risk of sea level rise; a delphic Monte Carlo analysis in which twenty researchers specify subjective probability distributions for model coefficients within their respective areas of expertise AN - 50120684; 2010-001879 AB - This paper estimates the probability distribution of future sea level rise implied by the subjective assessments of 20 climate and glacial process modelers regarding particular processes on which they have developed some expertise. Effects on the polar ice sheets are included. The results from combining all the models and reviewer assumptions are summarized and a procedure for projecting sea level at particular locations is presented. (Auth. mod.) JF - Climatic Change AU - Titus, James G AU - Narayanan, Vijay AU - Keith, David W Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 151 EP - 212 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - expert systems KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Holocene KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - Cenozoic KW - Greenland KW - melting KW - probability KW - climate KW - polar regions KW - Quaternary KW - Arctic region KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - decision-making KW - ice sheets KW - models KW - sea-level changes KW - Antarctica KW - risk assessment KW - glacial geology KW - upper Holocene KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50120684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+risk+of+sea+level+rise%3B+a+delphic+Monte+Carlo+analysis+in+which+twenty+researchers+specify+subjective+probability+distributions+for+model+coefficients+within+their+respective+areas+of+expertise&rft.au=Titus%2C+James+G%3BNarayanan%2C+Vijay%3BKeith%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Titus&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from the Antarctic Bibliography, United States N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctica; Arctic region; atmospheric precipitation; Cenozoic; climate; climate change; decision-making; environmental effects; expert systems; glacial geology; Greenland; Holocene; ice sheets; melting; models; Monte Carlo analysis; polar regions; prediction; probability; Quaternary; risk assessment; sea-level changes; statistical analysis; temperature; upper Holocene ER - TY - CONF T1 - Mitigation potential of carbon dioxide emissions by management of forests in Asia AN - 16514276; 4416762 AB - Substantial areas of available forest lands in Asia could be managed for conservation and sequestration of carbon (C). These include 133 Mha for establishment of plantations and agroforests, 33.5 Mha for slowed tropical deforestation, and 48 Mha for natural and assisted regeneration of tropical forests. The potential quantity of C conserved and sequestered on these lands was conservatively estimated to be 24 Pg C (1 Pg = 10 super(15) g) by 2050. Establishment of plantations and agroforests could account for 58% of the total mitigation potential on Asian forest lands. The amount of C that could be conserved and sequestered by all forest sector practices by 2050 under baseline conditions is equivalent to about 4% of the global fossil fuel emissions over the same time period. The uncertainties in estimates of mitigation potential presented in this paper are likely to be high, particularly with respect to the land area available for forestation projects and the rate at which deforestation could be slowed. The uncertainty terms are compounded in making global estimates of the mitigation potential, perhaps to large proportions, but to what extent is presently unknown. An example of a forestry project in China whose main goal was to rehabilitate degraded lands and at the same time provide biomass fuel for the local rural inhabitants is presented to demonstrate that C sequestration, and thus mitigation, is an added benefit to more traditional uses of forests. This forestry project is currently mitigating CO sub(2) emissions (up to about 1.4 Mg C ha super(-1) yr super(-1)) and, with a change in management, an almost two-fold increase in the current reduction of net C emissions would occur. JF - AMBIO AU - Brown, S Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 273 EP - 278 VL - 25 IS - 4 KW - China KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16514276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AMBIO&rft.atitle=Mitigation+potential+of+carbon+dioxide+emissions+by+management+of+forests+in+Asia&rft.au=Brown%2C+S&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AMBIO&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comments on "developmental neurotoxicity of PCBs in humans: What do we know and where do we go from here?" AN - 15847641; 4013930 AB - The original article written by Dr. Schantz (1995) is a comprehensive, critical, and well-written review of the current state of the science with respect to the effects of PCBs and related chemicals on human neurobehavioral development. Although my feelings about this review are extremely positive in nature, in the spirit of constructive scientific discussion/debate, some of the comments that follow will highlight those few issues where I differ from the author in tone or interpretation, whereas other comments are provided to reemphasize important issues raised by the author. However, before proceeding I would like to acknowledge that Dr. Schantz has provided an excellent and timely review of a complex and controversial area. In addition to commenting on her manuscript, I will also present some additional ideas on "what we know and where we go from here." JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Gray, LE Jr AD - U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, Reprod. Toxicol. Div., NHEERL, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 243 EP - 245 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - man KW - development KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - PCB KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - neurotoxicity KW - embryogenesis KW - N3 11105:Primates KW - X 24154:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15847641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Comments+on+%22developmental+neurotoxicity+of+PCBs+in+humans%3A+What+do+we+know+and+where+do+we+go+from+here%3F%22&rft.au=Gray%2C+LE+Jr&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=LE&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; development; embryogenesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the effects of N-hydroxy-IDPN on the auditory, vestibular, and olfactory systems in rats AN - 15847490; 4013932 AB - The mechanism of neurotoxicity of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) has been widely debated, with either the parent compound or putative metabolites implicated in various studies. The N-hydroxylated form of IDPN (HO-IDPN) has been reported to cause the excitation with choreiform and circling (ECC) syndrome in rats at doses approximately one-eighth of that required to cause comparable signs in rats treated with IDPN. Because of the similarity of symptoms induced by HO-IDPN and IDPN, we investigated the effect of HO-IDPN on other aspects of the nervous system affected by IDPN, specifically the auditory, vestibular, and olfactory systems. In addition, ECC symptoms were quantified to replicate the previous findings. HO-IDPN was administered ip in saline for 3 consecutive days to two different cohorts of young adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. The first cohort (60, 80, 100, and 120 mg/kg; n = 2/group, except for the 120 mg/kg group, where n = 1) was used in a dose range-finding study. After making the neurobehavioral assessments, animals were sacrificed for olfactory mucosal histopathology. Based on the outcome of the first study, the second cohort (n = 10/group) received saline or HO-IDPN at 100 mg/kg/day for 3 consecutive days. Two animals from each of these groups were sacrificed for olfactory mucosal histopathology; the remaining animals were tested for neurobehavioral effects 3 weeks after the last dose. Animals in the second cohort lost approximately 8% of their pretreatment body weight. All rats receiving the 100 mg/kg/day dose of HO-IDPN (and the rat receiving 120 mg/kg/day) developed the ECC syndrome and signs of vestibular dysfunction within 4 days after the last dose. HO-IDPN caused a large decrease in the acoustic startle response and markedly elevated auditory thresholds at all frequencies tested. The threshold for the ECC syndrome and olfactory mucosal damage was 100 mg/kg. These studies extend previous findings on the neurotoxicity of HO-IDPN and point to the need for determining whether HO-IDPN is an in vivo metabolite of IDPN. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Crofton, K M AU - Zhao, X AU - Sayre, L M AU - Genter, M B AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., MD-74B, NHEERL, U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 297 EP - 303 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - rats KW - auditory system KW - vestibular system KW - 3,3'-iminodiproprionitrile KW - Chemoreception Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - neurotoxicity KW - olfactory system KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24154:Pathology KW - R 18012:Vertebrates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15847490?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+effects+of+N-hydroxy-IDPN+on+the+auditory%2C+vestibular%2C+and+olfactory+systems+in+rats&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BZhao%2C+X%3BSayre%2C+L+M%3BGenter%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; auditory system; vestibular system; olfactory system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of pregnancy outcome following thiram-induced ovulatory delay in the female rat AN - 15813013; 4000421 AB - A single injection of the dithiocarbamate fungicide, thiram, suppresses the proestrous surge of LH and delays ovulation for 24 h. In this study, we examined fertility after a thiram-induced delayed ovulation. Females were injected with thiram (50 mg/kg, IP) on proestrus (1300 h) and mated on the following evening. Control and thiram-treated, but nondelayed, females were injected and mated on the same day. The number of females in the thiram-delayed group that became pregnant was reduced and litter size on GD 20 was reduced; however, no obvious morphological anomalies were seen. The number of pregnant females and litter size was not altered in the thiram-nondelayed rats, indicating that it is the thiram-induced delay in ovulation and not the exposure to thiram per se that was responsible for altered pregnancy outcome. On GD 7 and 11, the number of live fetuses per litter was reduced in the delayed females, but the number of implantation sites was not different from controls. On GD 11 the mean developmental score, head length, crown-rump length, and somite number in the delayed group were also reduced, indicating retarded development of live embryos. These results demonstrate that delayed ovulation induced by a single thiram exposure does not alter the number of oocytes released or the number that implant. However, the concept from these females are compromised during midgestation. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Stoker, TE AU - Cooper, R L AU - Goldman, J M AU - Andrews, JE AD - MD-72, Endocrinology Branch, Reproductive Toxicology Division, NHEERL, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 277 EP - 282 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - rats KW - females KW - thiram KW - luteinizing hormone KW - norepinephrine KW - dithiocarbamate KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - ovulation KW - pregnancy KW - fungicides KW - fertility KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - N3 11080:Neuroendocrinology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15813013?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+pregnancy+outcome+following+thiram-induced+ovulatory+delay+in+the+female+rat&rft.au=Stoker%2C+TE%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BGoldman%2C+J+M%3BAndrews%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Stoker&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ovulation; pregnancy; fertility; fungicides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing water quality: New directions AN - 15780488; 3988727 AB - Two major new activities will help the public and water managers understand water quality and set management priorities. The first is implementation of a nationwide strategy to improve water quality monitoring. The strategy was developed by the Intergovernmental Task Force on Monitoring Water Quality (ITFM), a Federal/State consortium with an advisory committee of local and private experts. The strategy addresses nationwide monitoring design and collaboration, watershed and ecosystem components, environmental indicators, comparable monitoring methods, quality assurance and control, assessment and reporting, and specific monitoring tools. The other activity is the first national water environmental indicators report that characterizes the nation's waters and how well we are meeting the goals of the Clean Water Act. The indicators measure how well the nation is doing to achieve goals of public and ecosystem health, attainment of water uses such as fishing and swimming, improvement of ambient conditions, and prevention or reduction of pollutant loadings and other stressors. Two of the indicators concerns shellfish consumption and the condition of shellfish beds. The indicators will depend upon and employ a wide range of data providers and users such as the shellfish management industry. JF - Journal of Shellfish Research AU - Fellows, E AD - EPA Office Water, 4503F, 401 M St., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 523 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0077-5711, 0077-5711 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - water quality KW - USA KW - shellfish fisheries KW - pollution monitoring KW - recreational waters KW - seafood KW - Brackish KW - public health KW - Q1 08601:General KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15780488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.atitle=Assessing+water+quality%3A+New+directions&rft.au=Fellows%2C+E&rft.aulast=Fellows&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.issn=00775711&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; pollution monitoring; shellfish fisheries; recreational waters; seafood; public health; USA; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Repeated high dose oral exposure or continuous subcutaneous infusion of 2-methoxyacetic acid does not suppress humoral immunity in the mouse. AN - 78009280; 8619254 AB - 2-Methoxyethanol (ME) has been shown to be immunosuppressive in rats but not mice, with oxidation of ME to 2-methoxyacetic acid (MAA) being a prerequisite for immunosuppression. MAA is more rapidly cleared by mice than rats, consequently this study was designed to determine if increasing the bioavailability of MAA in mice might play a role in this species difference. Female B6C3F1 mice were given MAA by oral multiple daily high doses or by continuous subcutaneous infusion via mini-osmotic pumps. Humoral immunity was evaluated in MAA-exposed mice using the plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to either sheep red blood cells (SRBC) or trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS). Female F344 rats were also used to compare the effects of multiple daily MAA exposure on these humoral immune responses. Rats and mice were dosed orally twice a day for 4 days by gavage with MAA at dosages ranging from 40-320 mg/kg/day and 240-1920 mg/kg/day, respectively. All animals were immunized on the first day of dosing and body and lymphoid organ weights and PFC responses to SRBC or TNP-LPS were evaluated 4 days later. While body weights in rats were unaffected, thymus weights were reduced at all dosages of MAA and spleen weights were reduced at 160 or 320 mg/kg/day. PFC responses to SRBC and TNP-LPS were suppressed in rats at dosages of 160 and 320 mg/kg/day. In contrast, thymus weights of mice were reduced only at 960 mg/kg/day or greater, with no effect on spleen or body weights. Furthermore, neither the PFC response to SRBC nor the response to TNP-LPS was suppressed in mice exposed to any oral dosage of MAA. In the continuous infusion study, mice were subcutaneously implanted with mini-osmotic pumps containing MAA which was delivered at 840 mg/kg/day over a 7-day period. Continuous exposure to MAA via mini-osmotic pumps did not suppress the PFC response to either SRBC or TNP-LPS, but rather significantly enhanced the response to TNP-LPS. These results indicate that mice are insensitive to MAA even at the high dosages given as a bolus or continuously over 1 week. The data further support earlier work, which suggested that the observed difference between rats and mice for MAA-induced immunosuppression appears to be unrelated to the availability of MAA to target lymphoid tissue in these rodent species. JF - Toxicology AU - Riddle, M M AU - Williams, W C AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Enviromental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05/03/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 May 03 SP - 67 EP - 74 VL - 109 IS - 1 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Antigens, T-Independent KW - Immunosuppressive Agents KW - Lipopolysaccharides KW - trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide KW - methoxyacetic acid KW - F11T1H7Q7W KW - Index Medicus KW - Osmolar Concentration KW - Administration, Oral KW - Hemolytic Plaque Technique KW - Animals KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- administration & dosage KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Sheep KW - Infusion Pumps, Implantable KW - Thymus Gland -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Antigens, T-Independent -- toxicity KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Biological Availability KW - Rats KW - Antigens, T-Independent -- administration & dosage KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Erythrocytes -- cytology KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Lipopolysaccharides -- toxicity KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Acetates -- administration & dosage KW - Immunosuppressive Agents -- toxicity KW - Antibody Formation -- immunology KW - Acetates -- toxicity KW - Antibody Formation -- drug effects KW - Immunosuppressive Agents -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78009280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Repeated+high+dose+oral+exposure+or+continuous+subcutaneous+infusion+of+2-methoxyacetic+acid+does+not+suppress+humoral+immunity+in+the+mouse.&rft.au=Riddle%2C+M+M%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BSmialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Riddle&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-05-03&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-06-07 N1 - Date created - 1996-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adaptation to ozone in rats and its association with ascorbic acid in the lung. AN - 78605288; 8998953 AB - Ozone (O3) adaptation is a well-known, but poorly understood phenomenon that has been demonstrated in humans and laboratory animals. This study examined pulmonary function and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) parameters in O3-adapted F-344 rats to explore possible mechanisms of adaptation. Of particular interest was ascorbic acid (AA), an antioxidant reported to be protective against O3 injury and found to be increased in O3-adapted rats. Adaptation was induced by exposure to 0.25 ppm O3, 12 hr/day for 6 or 14 weeks and evaluated with a challenge test, one that reexposed rats to 1.0 ppm O3 and measured attenuation in the O3 effect on frequency of breathing. Pulmonary function was assessed 1 day postexposure and adaptation and BALF were evaluated 1, 3, and 7 days postexposure. Results showed that forced vital capacity increased over time but decreased due to exposure and that the 14-week, O3-exposed rats had an increase in forced expiratory flow rate. All of the O3-exposed rats that were tested demonstrated adaptation on Postexposure Days 1, 3, and 7, but it was diminished on Day 7. Adaptation was also more pronounced in rats exposed for 14 weeks. Except for AA, BALF levels of total protein, potassium, lysozyme, uric acid, and alpha-tocopherol were unaffected by O3 exposure. Lactic acid dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and total glutathione were also assayed but were always below detectable limits. Ascorbic acid concentrations were elevated on Days 1, 3, and 7, showing postexposure patterns similar to those found for adaptation. Significant correlation was found between AA concentration and the magnitude of adaptation (r = 0.91, p < 0.002). We conclude that AA may play an important role in mechanisms associated with O3 adaptation in rats. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Wiester, M J AU - Tepper, J S AU - Winsett, D W AU - Crissman, K M AU - Richards, J H AU - Costa, D L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 56 EP - 64 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Oxidants, Photochemical KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Ascorbic Acid KW - PQ6CK8PD0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Antioxidants -- metabolism KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Male KW - Oxidants, Photochemical -- toxicity KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Ascorbic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Lung -- physiology KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78605288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Adaptation+to+ozone+in+rats+and+its+association+with+ascorbic+acid+in+the+lung.&rft.au=Wiester%2C+M+J%3BTepper%2C+J+S%3BWinsett%2C+D+W%3BCrissman%2C+K+M%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Wiester&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of genetic toxicology data in U.S. EPA risk assessment: the mercury study report as an example. AN - 78285825; 8781402 AB - Assessment of human health risks of environmental agents has often been limited to consideration of the potential for the agent to cause cancer or general systemic toxicity after long-term exposure. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) is increasingly moving toward the development of integrated assessments, which consider all potential health end points including developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive effects, and germ cell mutagenicity. The U.S. EPA has a responsibility to assess risks to nonhuman species or ecosystems when appropriate data are available. An example of a recent integrated human health and ecological risk assessment can be found in the U.S. EPA Mercury Study Report to Congress. This report covers the following topics in separate volumes: an inventory of anthropogenic mercury emissions in the United States; an exposure assessment using measured and predicted values and including indirect dietary exposure; an evaluation of human health risks; an assessment of ecologic risk wherein water criteria are presented for several wildlife species; an overall integrated characterization of human and nonhuman risk; and a discussion of risk management considerations. In the evaluation of human health risk, genetic toxicology data were considered for three forms of mercury: elemental, inorganic (divalent), and methylmercury. These data were used in judgments of two types of potential health effects (carcinogenicity and germ cell mutagenicity). In assessment of potential carcinogenicity of inorganic and methylmercury, genetic toxicity data were key. Data for clastogenicity in the absence of mutagenicity supported the characterization of inorganic and methylmercury as materials that produce carcinogenic effects only at high, toxic doses. The evidence for clastogenicity, coupled with information on metabolism and distribution, resulted in a judgment of a moderate degree of concern (or weight of evidence) that inorganic mercury can act as a human germ cell mutagen. For methylmercury, the degree of concern for germ cell mutagenicity is high. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Schoeny, R AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment-Cincinnati, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ohio 45268, USA. schoeny.rita@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 663 EP - 673 VL - 104 Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Mutagens -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Germ-Line Mutation KW - Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Male KW - Female KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Mercury -- adverse effects KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78285825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Use+of+genetic+toxicology+data+in+U.S.+EPA+risk+assessment%3A+the+mercury+study+report+as+an+example.&rft.au=Schoeny%2C+R&rft.aulast=Schoeny&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Food Chem Toxicol. 1991 Nov;29(11):777-9 [1761258] Carcinogenesis. 1982;3(6):657-62 [7116559] Mutat Res. 1992 Apr;281(4):255-60 [1373219] Arch Environ Health. 1970 Aug;21(2):133-9 [5464308] Mutat Res. 1972 Nov;16(3):332-6 [5078138] Mutat Res. 1973 Jan;17(1):93-9 [4682605] Biochem Pharmacol. 1975 Feb 15;24(4):489-93 [1167459] J Nutr. 1975 Apr;105(4):452-8 [1113210] Mutat Res. 1975 Dec;30(3):365-74 [1238902] Toxicology. 1976 Mar;5(3):337-49 [1265772] Toxicology. 1976 Jun;6(1):107-23 [941159] Environ Res. 1976 Dec;12(3):306-16 [1001301] Hereditas. 1979;90(1):103-9 [422393] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1979 Feb;21(3):296-303 [444719] Mutat Res. 1979 Jul;67(3):221-9 [481448] Arch Environ Health. 1979 Nov-Dec;34(6):461-3 [518128] Mutat Res. 1980 Mar;75(2):191-202 [7366601] Mutat Res. 1980 Feb;77(2):109-16 [6769036] J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1980 Jun-Jul;3(5-6):437-47 [7441095] Environ Mutagen. 1979;1(3):259-68 [553805] Cancer Lett. 1981 May;12(4):305-10 [7306934] Mutat Res. 1982 Apr;104(1-3):141-5 [7078567] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1982 Mar;9(3):367-76 [7097791] Teratology. 1982 Jun;25(3):381-4 [6214038] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1982 Jun 15;64(1):108-17 [7112574] Mutat Res. 1982 Sep;102(2):183-92 [6216401] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1982 Sep 30;108(2):614-9 [7150310] Environ Health Perspect. 1983 Jan;47:239-53 [6337826] Mol Pharmacol. 1983 Jul;24(1):84-9 [6223207] Environ Mutagen. 1983;5(5):679-86 [6617598] Mutat Res. 1983 Nov;124(2):163-73 [6646156] Environ Mutagen. 1984;6(1):59-69 [6229401] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1984;53(3):257-60 [6706421] Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1983 Dec;45(6):747-57 [6672406] Mutat Res. 1984 Mar-Apr;131(3-4):173-81 [6717471] Chem Biol Interact. 1984 Apr;49(1-2):209-24 [6233017] Biochem Pharmacol. 1984 May 15;33(10):1661-70 [6233980] Toxicol Lett. 1984 Jun;21(3):247-53 [6234683] Can J Comp Med. 1984 Jul;48(3):299-302 [6478300] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1984;54(2):135-46 [6480121] Mol Pharmacol. 1984 Sep;26(2):360-8 [6090887] Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1984 Aug;46(4):549-57 [6238193] J Occup Med. 1984 Nov;26(11):817-21 [6502285] Mutat Res. 1985 Jan-Feb;155(1-2):49-51 [3881664] Environ Res. 1985 Apr;36(2):379-88 [3884331] Mutat Res. 1994 Jan;320(1-2):23-9 [7506384] J Epidemiol Community Health. 1985 Sep;39(3):244-50 [4045367] Sci Total Environ. 1986 Jan;48(1-2):81-94 [3945798] Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1986 Mar 8;292(6521):662 [3081218] Mol Pharmacol. 1986 Feb;29(2):173-8 [3951430] Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1986 Feb;48(1):127-35 [3959366] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1986;18(4):595-605 [3735459] Mol Pharmacol. 1987 Feb;31(2):200-7 [3027530] Arch Neurol. 1987 Oct;44(10):1017-22 [2443112] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1988 Apr;40(4):597-603 [3285919] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1989 Jan;12(1):23-33 [2925016] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1989 May;12(4):629-97 [2663577] Toxicol Pathol. 1989;17(2):266-93 [2675279] Toxicol Pathol. 1989;17(2):294-306 [2675280] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1990 Jan;14(1):179-90 [2307316] Br J Ind Med. 1990 Feb;47(2):99-104 [2310721] Arch Environ Health. 1991 Mar-Apr;46(2):82-9 [2006898] Toxicol Lett. 1991 Apr;56(1-2):179-86 [2017776] Mutagenesis. 1991 May;6(3):189-92 [1881349] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1991 Aug;17(4):263-8 [1925438] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute exposure of female hamsters to carbendazim (MBC) during meiosis results in aneuploid oocytes with subsequent arrest of embryonic cleavage and implantation. AN - 78248607; 8738554 AB - A single oral dose of the fungicide and microtubule poison, MBC, administered to female hamsters at proestrus, results in infertility and early pregnancy loss (1). To characterize the site and mode of action of this effect, direct assessments of oocyte chromosomes, fertilization, and preimplantation embryo development were made. Female hamsters were given a single dose of MBC (1,000 mg/kg) on the afternoon of proestrus (to coincide with meiotic maturation of the oocytes) and either killed shortly after ovulation (day 1) to recover oocytes, or bred and killed on gestation day (gd) 1 to 5 of pregnancy to assess fertilization and preimplantation embryo development and enumerate early implantation sites. Chromosome analysis in unfertilized oocytes revealed an MBC-induced increase in aneuploidy (37 vs. 14% in controls). When animals were bred after dosing, MBC had no effect on the number of oocytes recovered or fertilized. However, significant increases were found in the proportion of embryos that failed to reach the expected stage of development, namely, the eight-cell stage on the afternoon of gd 3, the morula stage by the morning of gd 4, and the blastocyst stage by the afternoon of gd 4 (a time when some embryos have implanted). The mean number of implantation sites, revealed by Evans Blue staining, was also significantly lower in treated females on the afternoon of gd 4 and the morning of gd 5. These simple direct assessments elucidated a mechanism of MBC-induced early pregnancy loss, induction of aneuploidy in oocytes. They also ruled out an effect on fertilization, but demonstrated a subsequent arrest of preimplantation embryonic development accompained by a decrease in the likelihood of implantation. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Jeffay, S C AU - Libbus, B L AU - Barbee, R R AU - Perreault, S D AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 183 EP - 189 VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Benzimidazoles KW - 0 KW - Carbamates KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - carbendazim KW - H75J14AA89 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Zygote -- drug effects KW - Embryonic Development -- drug effects KW - Proestrus -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Embryo Implantation -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Fertility -- drug effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Cricetinae KW - Aneuploidy KW - Meiosis -- drug effects KW - Benzimidazoles -- administration & dosage KW - Oocytes -- drug effects KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- administration & dosage KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity KW - Benzimidazoles -- toxicity KW - Cleavage Stage, Ovum -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78248607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Acute+exposure+of+female+hamsters+to+carbendazim+%28MBC%29+during+meiosis+results+in+aneuploid+oocytes+with+subsequent+arrest+of+embryonic+cleavage+and+implantation.&rft.au=Jeffay%2C+S+C%3BLibbus%2C+B+L%3BBarbee%2C+R+R%3BPerreault%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Jeffay&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-10 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Helping schoolchildren with asthma breathe easier: partnerships in community-based environmental health education. AN - 78236177; 8743428 AB - Hospitalizations and deaths attributed to asthma are increasing, and the disease has disproportionate impacts on children and minority populations, particularly African-Americans. Because asthma hospitalizations and deaths are viewed by many experts as preventable events, and because asthma's toll is so significant in economic terms, increased efforts to reverse these trends, particularly among the most affected groups, are warranted. Reducing exposures to airborne pollutants known to trigger asthma in both indoor and outdoor environments is one important preventive strategy. The public-private partnership effort to implement the Open Airways for Schools asthma management curriculum in urban elementary schools, with its emphasis on pollution prevention, is an example of a community-based effort that may help decrease the toll asthma takes on society. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - O'Neill, M S AD - Indoor Environments Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 464 EP - 466 VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - African Americans KW - Child KW - Asthma -- ethnology KW - Asthma -- prevention & control KW - Health Education -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78236177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Helping+schoolchildren+with+asthma+breathe+easier%3A+partnerships+in+community-based+environmental+health+education.&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+M+S&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-19 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Health Educ Q. 1987 Fall;14(3):267-79 [3654234] Toxicol Ind Health. 1993 Sep-Oct;9(5):843-78 [8184446] Annu Rev Public Health. 1993;14:491-513 [8323600] N Engl J Med. 1992 Mar 26;326(13):862-6 [1542323] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone toxicity in the rat. II. Modeling changes due to ambient temperatures and duration. AN - 78207245; 8727571 AB - Previous studies involving exposures to xenobiotic agents have demonstrated decreases in physiological parameters such as heart rate (HR) and core body temperature (Tco) and have shown that these toxic responses are modulated by changes in ambient temperature (Ta). We recently published the results of a study in which male Fischer 344 rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that permitted continuous monitoring of HR, Tco, and motor activity. These animals were divided into nine treatment groups (n = 4-5/group) composed of combinations of one of three O3-exposure regimens [0.0 parts/million (ppm) O3 x 24 h/day x 5 days; 0.5 ppm O3 x 6 h/day x 5 days; or 0.5 ppm O3 x 23 h/day x 5 days] at one of three Ta values (10,22, or 34 degrees C). We now report on statistical approaches for the modeling and analyses of these data. The models utilized were dependent on the treatment combinations. Circadian rhythms of Tco during air control periods were fit by cosine models. Overall effects of O3 in the 6- and 23-h exposure groups were best modeled by modified damped-sine and one-compartment models, respectively, for both HR and Tco. These results demonstrate improved methods for the evaluation of biorhythmicity. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Highfill, J W AU - Watkinson, W P AD - Biostatistics Branch, Environmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 1811 EP - 1818 VL - 80 IS - 5 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Circadian Rhythm -- physiology KW - Models, Biological KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78207245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Ozone+toxicity+in+the+rat.+II.+Modeling+changes+due+to+ambient+temperatures+and+duration.&rft.au=Highfill%2C+J+W%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Highfill&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1811&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spermatid micronucleus analysis of aging effects in hamsters. AN - 78099875; 8649459 AB - Spermatid micronuclei (MN) from Armenian hamsters in different age groups were compared with regard to frequencies and kinetochore status (presence or absence) as determined with immunofluorescent staining. Six thousand cells analyzed from each of fifteen young animals (3 months) revealed a group mean frequency of 0.45 MN/1000 spermatids; kinetochore staining was uniformly negative. Six thousand cells scored from each of fifteen older animals (2 years) revealed a group mean frequency of 1.00 MN/1000 spermatids. Most of the MN in these animals were negative for kinetochore staining, although a significant representation of MN with positive kinetochore staining was also observed. The results indicate that frequencies of spermatid MN increase with advancing age, and suggest that the increase is due to significant elevations in both chromosome breakage and chromosome loss. JF - Mutation research AU - Allen, J W AU - Collins, B W AU - Setzer, R W AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 261 EP - 266 VL - 316 IS - 5-6 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Kinetochores KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Spermatids -- ultrastructure KW - Aging -- genetics KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78099875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Spermatid+micronucleus+analysis+of+aging+effects+in+hamsters.&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+W%3BCollins%2C+B+W%3BSetzer%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=316&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of recirculating, static, and elutriate aquatic sediment bioassay procedures. AN - 78086053; 8661857 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Cairns, M A AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 742 EP - 749 VL - 56 IS - 5 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Filtration KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Fresh Water KW - Reference Standards KW - Daphnia KW - Biological Assay -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78086053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+recirculating%2C+static%2C+and+elutriate+aquatic+sediment+bioassay+procedures.&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BCairns%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=742&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-dependent changes of inflammatory mediators in the lungs of humans exposed to 0.4 ppm ozone for 2 hr: a comparison of mediators found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1 and 18 hr after exposure. AN - 78041630; 8658507 AB - Acute exposure of humans to ozone results in reversible respiratory function decrements and cellular and biochemical changes leading to the production of substances which can mediate inflammation and acute lung injury. While pulmonary function decrements occur almost immediately after ozone exposure, it is not known how quickly the cellular and biochemical changes indicative of inflammation occur in humans. Increased bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid levels of neutrophils (PMNs) and prostaglandins (PGE2) have been reported in humans as early as 3 hr and as late as 18 hr after exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a broad range of inflammatory mediators are elevated in BAl fluid within 1 hr of exposure. We exposed eight healthy volunteers twice: once to 0.4 ppm ozone and once to filtered air. Each exposure lasted for 2 hr during which the subjects underwent intermittent heavy exercise (66 liters/min). BAL was performed 1 hr after the exposure. Ozone induced rapid increases in PMNs, total protein, LDH, alpha-1 antitrypsin, fibronectin, PGE2, thromboxane B2, C3a, tissue factor, and clotting factor VII. In addition, there was a decrease in the recovery of total cells and alveolar macrophages, and decreased ability of alveolar macrophages to phagocytize Candida albicans. A comparison of these changes with changes observed in an earlier study in which subjects underwent BAL 18 hr after an identical exposure regimen indicates that IL-6 and PGE2 levels were higher 1 hr after exposure than 18 hr after exposure, fibronectin and tissue-plasminogen activator levels were higher 18 hr after exposure, and that PMNs, protein, and C3a were present at essentially the same levels at both times. These results indicate that (i) several inflammatory mediators are already elevated 1 hr after exposure; (ii) some mediators achieve their maximal levels in BAL fluid at different times following exposure. These data suggest that the inflammatory response is complex, depending on a cascade of timed events, and that depending on the mediator of interest one must choose an appropriate sampling time. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Devlin, R B AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Becker, S AU - Madden, M C AU - McGee, M P AU - Perez, R AU - Hatch, G AU - House, D E AU - Koren, H S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 176 EP - 185 VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Blood Coagulation Factors KW - 0 KW - Eicosanoids KW - Fibronectins KW - Inflammation Mediators KW - Interleukins KW - Proteins KW - alpha 1-Antitrypsin KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.27 KW - Index Medicus KW - alpha 1-Antitrypsin -- analysis KW - Humans KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase -- analysis KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- physiology KW - Fibronectins -- analysis KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Adult KW - Proteins -- analysis KW - Blood Coagulation Factors -- analysis KW - Phagocytosis -- drug effects KW - Eicosanoids -- analysis KW - Adolescent KW - Interleukins -- analysis KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- chemistry KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- physiopathology KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Ozone -- toxicity KW - Inflammation Mediators -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78041630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Time-dependent+changes+of+inflammatory+mediators+in+the+lungs+of+humans+exposed+to+0.4+ppm+ozone+for+2+hr%3A+a+comparison+of+mediators+found+in+bronchoalveolar+lavage+fluid+1+and+18+hr+after+exposure.&rft.au=Devlin%2C+R+B%3BMcDonnell%2C+W+F%3BBecker%2C+S%3BMadden%2C+M+C%3BMcGee%2C+M+P%3BPerez%2C+R%3BHatch%2C+G%3BHouse%2C+D+E%3BKoren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Devlin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of t(14;18) in the lymphocytes of healthy adult humans as a possible biomarker for environmental exposures to carcinogens. AN - 78038366; 8640906 AB - A t(14;18) chromosomal translocation is found in approximately 85% of follicular lymphomas by both cytogenetic and molecular analyses. This rearrangement deregulates expression of the bcl-2 proto-oncogene by translocation into the immuno-globulin heavy chain locus and is probably mediated by illegitimate V(D)J recombination. We have developed a quantitative nested PCR method for detecting this event in lymphocytes of healthy individuals. Genomic DNA is purified from peripheral blood lymphocytes, and 2.5 microg (representing 4 X 10(5) cells) are amplified with translocation-specific primers under conditions in which a single copy, if present, will give a detectable PCR product. Multiple replicates are analyzed for each individual, and Poisson statistics are then used to estimate the translocation mutant frequency. We have examined lymphocyte DNA from 34 healthy individuals by this assay and found the frequency of cells with t(14;18) to range from <0.8-96X10(-7). The molecular nature of the translocations has been investigated by determining the DNA sequence at the translocation junctions. In several individuals, multiple isolates of the same translocation event were recovered, indicating that the cell with the original translocation had undergone clonal expansion. In addition, multiple independent translocations were shown to occur within an individual. Since this translocation appears to be one step in the progression of a normal cell to a cancer cell, this assay may have utility as an effects biomarker for environmental carcinogen exposure. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Fuscoe, J C AU - Setzer, R W AU - Collard, D D AU - Moore, M M AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 1013 EP - 1020 VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Base Sequence KW - Adult KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- etiology KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Middle Aged KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Female KW - Male KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 KW - Lymphocytes -- ultrastructure KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- toxicity KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 KW - Translocation, Genetic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78038366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Quantification+of+t%2814%3B18%29+in+the+lymphocytes+of+healthy+adult+humans+as+a+possible+biomarker+for+environmental+exposures+to+carcinogens.&rft.au=Fuscoe%2C+J+C%3BSetzer%2C+R+W%3BCollard%2C+D+D%3BMoore%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Fuscoe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative potencies of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls derived from hepatic porphyrin accumulation in mice. AN - 78034584; 8658519 AB - Hepatic porphyrin accumulation was studied after subchronic dosing of female B6C3F1 mice by gavage with single congeners of polychlorinated or polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs, PBDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Quantitative hepatic porphyrin profile analyses in selected samples showed uroporphyrin and heptacarboxylporphyrin as the main porphyrins detected. Dose-dependent increases in total hepatic porphyrins were found for all congeners tested. At lower dose levels, relative potencies, based on administered dose as well as target tissue dose, of PCDDs, PCDFs, and coplanar PCBs, using 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin as a reference compound, were in the same range as those previously derived from the induction of hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 enzyme activities. CYP1A2 has been reported to be involved in the oxidation of uroporphyringen III to uroporphyrin III. All these facts suggest the involvement of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor-medicated mechanism in hepatic porphyrin accumulation, possibly via CYP1A2. However, the relative potencies of the mono-ortho-substituted PCBs were higher for hepatic porphyrin accumulation than for hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 induction. In addition, hepatic porphyrin accumulation was the highest after exposure to mono-ortho-PCBs. Since mono-ortho- substituted PCBs induce the phenobarbital-inducible CYP2B isoforms of cytochrome P450, an additional induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase may also contribute to hepatic porphyrin accumulation following subchronic exposure to these particular congeners. Relative potencies derived from hepatic porphyrin accumulation after PCDD, PCDF, or coplanar PCB administration are a useful tool in risk assessment. However, the higher potencies of the mono-ortho-substituted PCBs have important implications for risk assessment of these compounds. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - van Birgelen, A P AU - DeVito, M J AU - Akins, J M AU - Ross, D G AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and EnvironmentalResearch Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. birgelen@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 98 EP - 109 VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Porphyrins KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Uroporphyrins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Uroporphyrins -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- physiology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Porphyrins -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Benzofurans -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78034584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Relative+potencies+of+polychlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxins%2C+dibenzofurans%2C+and+biphenyls+derived+from+hepatic+porphyrin+accumulation+in+mice.&rft.au=van+Birgelen%2C+A+P%3BDeVito%2C+M+J%3BAkins%2C+J+M%3BRoss%2C+D+G%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=van+Birgelen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Promotion of endometriosis by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in rats and mice: time-dose dependence and species comparison. AN - 78031514; 8658502 AB - In the disease of endometriosis, endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus, usually in the peritoneal cavity. Rodent models of endometriosis allow a way to reproduce the disease, evaluate effects of chemicals, and study mechanisms. Twenty-one days prior to induction surgery which produces endometriosis, female Sprague-Dawley rats and B6C3F1 mice were pretreated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) at 0, 3 or 10 micrograms TCDD/kg. Animals were treated again at the time of surgery and at 3, 6, and 9 weeks following surgery. Evaluations were made at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks postsurgery. TCDD produced a dose-dependent increase in endometriotic site diameter when all time points were pooled within each dose in rats and a dramatic increase in site diameter in mice at 9 and 12 weeks. In rats but not mice, ovarian weight was decreased at 9 and 12 weeks, the occurrence of persistent vaginal estrus was increased at these times, and histological evaluation of the ovaries revealed ovulatory arrest at 12 weeks. In both species, thymic antrophy, indicating immune dysfunction, and hepatomegaly were observed as consequences of TCDD exposure. Body weight was reduced in rats but not in mice. Histological evaluations of endometriotic sites revealed fibrosis in control rats, necrotic and inflammatory changes in the sites from TCDD-treated rats, and predominantly fibrotic changes in sites from TCDD-treated mice. Differences observed between the rat and the mouse with respect to (a) the magnitude of the effect on endometrial site diameter (rats mice) that may be based on the partial antiestrogenicity of TCDD, and (c) evidence that mice and rats differ in their immune response to TCDD suggest that the mechanisms mediating TCDD's action to promote endometriosis are complex and may be different in rats and mice. The mouse may be a better model for future studies necessary to elucidate these mechanisms. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Cummings, A M AU - Metcalf, J L AU - Birnbaum, L AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 131 EP - 139 VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Estrus -- drug effects KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Ovary -- pathology KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Endometriosis -- pathology KW - Endometriosis -- chemically induced KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- administration & dosage KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Disease Models, Animal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78031514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Promotion+of+endometriosis+by+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+in+rats+and+mice%3A+time-dose+dependence+and+species+comparison.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BMetcalf%2C+J+L%3BBirnbaum%2C+L&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) disposition following pulmonary, oral, dermal, and parenteral exposures to rats. AN - 78031449; 8658505 AB - In evaluating human health risks posed by dioxins, it is necessary to accurately predict systematic dosimetry or the fate of these chemicals. Pharmacokinetic parameters pertaining to inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption may be estimated using animal models. The present study was designed to assess absorption, tissue distribution, and elimination of TCDD following intratracheal instillation (itr.), oral gavage (p.o.), or intravenous administration (i.v.) of 1 nmol [3H]TCDD/kg to male rats; experimental conditions were chosen to permit comparison to a previous dermal disposition study (Banks and Birnbaum, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 107, 302-310, 1991). After treatment, rats were housed in individual metabolism cages for 3 days with daily excreta collection. Following termination, radioactivity was quantified in tissues and excreta. By 3 days postexposure, fecal excretion accounted for 22 (i.v.), 26 (itr.), and 32% (p.o.) of dose, while urinary excretion was only 2.2 (i.v.), 1.3 (itr), and 1.4% (p.o.). Pulmonary absorption was calculated as 95% of administered dose, while oral absorption was 88%. Dermal absorption of an equivalent administered dose was 40% (Banks and Birnbaum, 1991). For all exposure routes by 3 days, major tissue depots for absorbed dose were liver and fat. Distribution of absorbed dose was 37% (i.v.) and 35% (itr.) to liver and 21% (i.v.) and 16% (itr.) to fat. Oral gavage-treated rats had similar dosimetry (28-30% absorbed dose) in both liver and fat. In contrast following dermal exposure, distribution to liver and fat was 52 and 22%, respectively (Banks and Birnbaum, 1991). Results suggest that inhalation can be an important route for systemic absorption of dioxins. Moreover, all environmentally relevant routes of exposure (oral, dermal, and respiration) must be uniquely considered as important routes of systemic exposure for TCDD and related compounds. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Jackson, J A AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 158 EP - 168 VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Administration, Cutaneous KW - Adipose Tissue -- metabolism KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Male KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- administration & dosage KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- urine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78031449?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+disposition+following+pulmonary%2C+oral%2C+dermal%2C+and+parenteral+exposures+to+rats.&rft.au=Diliberto%2C+J+J%3BJackson%2C+J+A%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Diliberto&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Latent Effects of Pesticides and Toxic Substances On Sexual Differentiation of Rodents AN - 760214364; 13641671 AB - In humans and rodents, exposure to hormonally active chemicals during sex differentiation can produce morphological pseudohermaphrodism (Schardein, 1993; Gray, 1992). For example, hormonally active drugs like DES (estrogenic), Danazol (androgenic), and progestins cause urogenital malformations in the reproductive tracts of humans and rodents. The current discussion will present new information on the effects of toxic chemicals and pesticides that act on reproductive development via novel mechanisms, including germ cell toxicity, antiandrogenicity, and Ah-receptor binding. Information will be presented that describes how exposure during critical stages of life to synthetic chemicals present in our environment, such as benzidine- based dyes, antiandrogenic fungicides, 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and PCB congener 169, result in abnormal rodent sex differentiation. In rodents, perinatal exposure to fetal germ cell toxicants reduced the reproductive potential of female, and permanently reduced sperm production in male progeny. Phenotypic sex differentiation, however, was unaffected by these germ cell toxicants. In contrast, antiandrogenic drugs and fungicides induced profound alterations in phenotypic sex differentiation. Effects such as hypospadias, ectopic testes, vaginal pouches, agenesis of the ventral prostate, and nipple retention in male rats were observed commonly. Although these antiandrogens induced no permanent effects in female progeny, another class of chemicals, the Ah-receptor mediated toxicants, did reduce fertility in both male and female rat offspring. Cauda epididymal sperm numbers were reduced permanently in TCDD-exposed male rat and hamster progeny, and female progeny displayed malformations of the external genitalia. Other toxicants produced dramatic alterations of sex differentiation (uterus unicornis, agenesis of the vas and epididymis, and undescended testes), via mechanisms that have not been characterized yet. Since these adult/pubertal alterations resulted from gestational and/or neonatal exposures, future studies should include a comprehensive assessment of reproductive function after perinatal exposure because the developing animal is extremely sensitive to toxicants during sex differentiation, and many of the effects are difficult to detect until late in life. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Gray, LEarl AU - Kelce, William R AD - Developmental Reproductive Toxicology Section Health Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 515 EP - 531 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 12 IS - 3-4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - 3. Key Words: antiandrogens KW - germ cells KW - reproductive development KW - TCDD. KW - Chemicals KW - Testes KW - Fertility KW - Toxicants KW - Sperm KW - Reproductive system KW - Perinatal exposure KW - Congeners KW - progestin KW - Drugs KW - PCB KW - offspring KW - Uterus KW - Epididymis KW - Germ cells KW - Genitalia KW - TCDD KW - Toxicity KW - Sex differentiation KW - Fetuses KW - Nipples KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - antiandrogens KW - Dyes KW - Fungicides KW - Pesticides KW - Vagina KW - Progeny KW - Neonates KW - Prostate KW - rodents KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760214364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Latent+Effects+of+Pesticides+and+Toxic+Substances+On+Sexual+Differentiation+of+Rodents&rft.au=Gray%2C+LEarl%3BKelce%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=LEarl&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823379601200323 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Testes; Fertility; Toxicants; Sperm; Reproductive system; Perinatal exposure; Congeners; progestin; Drugs; PCB; Uterus; Epididymis; Germ cells; TCDD; Genitalia; Toxicity; Sex differentiation; Fetuses; Nipples; antiandrogens; polychlorinated biphenyls; Dyes; Vagina; Pesticides; Fungicides; Progeny; Neonates; Prostate; Chemicals; rodents; offspring DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379601200323 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of biota-sediment accumulation factors to assess similarity of nonionic organic chemical exposure to benthically-coupled organisms of differing trophic mode AN - 52820650; 1996-056443 JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Tracey, G A AU - Hansen, D J Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 467 EP - 475 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg-Berlin VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Chordata KW - benthic taxa KW - pollutants KW - trophic analysis KW - surface water KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - fresh-water environment KW - biota KW - Pisces KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical properties KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Vertebrata KW - pesticides KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52820650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+biota-sediment+accumulation+factors+to+assess+similarity+of+nonionic+organic+chemical+exposure+to+benthically-coupled+organisms+of+differing+trophic+mode&rft.au=Tracey%2C+G+A%3BHansen%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Tracey&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(4rb2jbyxcwtb1he1c13ybdmm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100119,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AECTCV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; bioavailability; biota; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Chordata; fresh-water environment; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; PCBs; pesticides; physical properties; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sediments; surface water; trophic analysis; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of interstitial water as a route of exposure for ammonia in sediment tests with benthic macroinvertebrates AN - 52784051; 1996-079080 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Whiteman, Frank W AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Kahl, Michael D AU - Rau, Daniel M AU - Balcer, Mary D Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 794 EP - 801 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 15 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - benthic taxa KW - biochemistry KW - ammonium ion KW - damage KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - measurement KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - toxicity KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - chemical composition KW - pore water KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52784051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+interstitial+water+as+a+route+of+exposure+for+ammonia+in+sediment+tests+with+benthic+macroinvertebrates&rft.au=Whiteman%2C+Frank+W%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T%3BKahl%2C+Michael+D%3BRau%2C+Daniel+M%3BBalcer%2C+Mary+D&rft.aulast=Whiteman&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=794&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium ion; aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; bioavailability; biochemistry; chemical composition; chemical reactions; concentration; damage; detection; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; measurement; microorganisms; organic compounds; pesticides; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pore water; sediments; toxic materials; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioremediation of an experimental oil spill on the shoreline of Delaware Bay AN - 52755307; 1997-018470 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Wrenn, Brian A AU - Strohmeier, Kevin L AU - Haines, John R AU - Eberhart, B Loye AU - King, Dennis AU - Holder, Edith Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 1764 EP - 1775 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - degradation KW - mass spectra KW - variations KW - remediation KW - oil spills KW - spectra KW - Delaware Bay KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - Delaware KW - pollutants KW - background level KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - nearshore environment KW - bioremediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - marine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52755307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Bioremediation+of+an+experimental+oil+spill+on+the+shoreline+of+Delaware+Bay&rft.au=Venosa%2C+Albert+D%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BWrenn%2C+Brian+A%3BStrohmeier%2C+Kevin+L%3BHaines%2C+John+R%3BEberhart%2C+B+Loye%3BKing%2C+Dennis%3BHolder%2C+Edith&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Atlantic Coastal Plain; background level; biodegradation; bioremediation; degradation; Delaware; Delaware Bay; detection; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; marine environment; mass spectra; microorganisms; monitoring; nearshore environment; nutrients; oil spills; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; solubility; spectra; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solvent extraction polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyl from river sediments AN - 52576105; 1998-050761 JF - Environmental Technology AU - Meckes, Mark C AU - Wagner, Thomas J AU - Tillman, Joseph Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 525 EP - 531 PB - Selper, London VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 0959-3330, 0959-3330 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - triethylamine KW - sludge KW - rivers and streams KW - PCBs KW - solvent extraction KW - chemical waste KW - waste management KW - laboratory studies KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - chemical composition KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - separation KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52576105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Technology&rft.atitle=Solvent+extraction+polynuclear+aromatic+hydrocarbons+and+polychlorinated+biphenyl+from+river+sediments&rft.au=Meckes%2C+Mark+C%3BWagner%2C+Thomas+J%3BTillman%2C+Joseph&rft.aulast=Meckes&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Technology&rft.issn=09593330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; chemical composition; chemical properties; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; detection; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; hydrology; industrial waste; laboratory studies; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; rivers and streams; sediments; separation; sludge; soils; solubility; solvent extraction; solvents; surface water; triethylamine; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Episodic acidification of small streams in the Northeastern United States; effects on fish populations AN - 52391087; 2000-015406 JF - Ecological Applications AU - Baker, J P AU - Van Sickle, J AU - Gagen, C J AU - DeWalle, D R AU - Sharpe, W E AU - Carline, R F AU - Baldigo, B P AU - Murdoch, P S AU - Bath, D W AU - Kretser, W A AU - Simonin, H A AU - Wigington, P J, Jr Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 422 EP - 437 PB - Ecological Society of America, Tempe, AZ VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Chordata KW - pollutants KW - Episodic Response Project KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - Appalachians KW - effects KW - ecosystems KW - Pisces KW - New York KW - acidification KW - streams KW - ecology KW - Catskill Mountains KW - Vertebrata KW - Pennsylvania KW - Adirondack Mountains KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52391087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Episodic+acidification+of+small+streams+in+the+Northeastern+United+States%3B+effects+on+fish+populations&rft.au=Baker%2C+J+P%3BVan+Sickle%2C+J%3BGagen%2C+C+J%3BDeWalle%2C+D+R%3BSharpe%2C+W+E%3BCarline%2C+R+F%3BBaldigo%2C+B+P%3BMurdoch%2C+P+S%3BBath%2C+D+W%3BKretser%2C+W+A%3BSimonin%2C+H+A%3BWigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - AZ N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; Adirondack Mountains; Appalachians; bioassays; Catskill Mountains; Chordata; ecology; ecosystems; effects; Episodic Response Project; New York; North America; Pennsylvania; pH; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; streams; surface water; United States; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Episodic acidification of small streams in the northeastern United States; ionic controls of episodes AN - 52357284; 2000-041539 JF - Ecological Applications AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - DeWalle, D R AU - Murdoch, P S AU - Kretster, W A AU - Simonin, H A AU - Van Sickle, J AU - Baker, J P Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 389 EP - 407 PB - Ecological Society of America, Tempe, AZ VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - United States KW - Appalachians KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Appalachian Plateau KW - ground water KW - sampling KW - snow KW - Catskill Mountains KW - hydrology KW - North America KW - sulfate ion KW - rainfall KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - equations KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - New York KW - streamflow KW - cations KW - acidification KW - streams KW - Adirondack Mountains KW - meltwater KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52357284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Episodic+acidification+of+small+streams+in+the+northeastern+United+States%3B+ionic+controls+of+episodes&rft.au=Wigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BDeWalle%2C+D+R%3BMurdoch%2C+P+S%3BKretster%2C+W+A%3BSimonin%2C+H+A%3BVan+Sickle%2C+J%3BBaker%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Wigington&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - PubXState - AZ N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; Adirondack Mountains; Appalachian Plateau; Appalachians; atmospheric precipitation; cations; Catskill Mountains; equations; ground water; hydrology; meltwater; New York; North America; organic acids; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; rainfall; sampling; snow; streamflow; streams; sulfate ion; surface water; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation-reduction mechanisms in iron-bearing phyllosilicates AN - 51056034; 1996-064127 AB - Reviewed in this article are the effects of structural Fe oxidation states on the physicochemical properties of smectite clay minerals. Reducing agents selected were dithionite (S (sub 2) O (sub 4) (super 2-) ), sulfide (S (super 2-) ), thiosulfate (S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) ), hydrazine (N (sub 2) H (sub 4) ), ascorbic acid (C (sub 6) H (sub 8) O (sub 6) ), hydroquinone (C (sub 6) H (sub 6) O (sub 2) ), and sodium oxalate (Na (sub 2) C (sub 2) H (sub 2) O (sub 4) ). Clay samples were prepared as aqueous suspensions of S (super 2-) > C (sub 6) H (sub 8) O (sub 6) > S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) > C (sub 6) H (sub 6) O (sub 2) nearly equal C (sub 2) H (sub 2) O (sub 4) . The heat of reaction of three of these reducing agents with the clay was measured, and decreased in the order S (sub 2) O (sub 4) (super 2-) > S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) > S (super 2-) . Compared to the order of reductive strength, the heats of reaction with S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) and S (super 2-) are reversed, suggesting that entropy changes are greater in the S (super 2-) treatment. Electron spin resonance (ESR) revealed that free radicals may be responsible for the greatest levels of reductive potential, which provides an important attribute by which potential reducing agents can be screened. Measurements of rheological properties of oxidized and reduced clay suspensions indicated that structural Fe(II) increases the viscosity of clay suspensions as a result of greater attractive forces between clay particles. The type of bonding between particles has yet to be ascertained. Microbial reduction of the clay produces moderate to high levels of reduction and causes changes in physico-chemical properties similar to chemical reduction of the clay. JF - Applied Clay Science AU - Stucki, Joseph W AU - Bailey, George W AU - Gan, Huamin Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 417 EP - 430 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 0169-1317, 0169-1317 KW - silicates KW - processes KW - clay KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - clay mineralogy KW - smectite KW - mechanism KW - iron KW - clay minerals KW - metals KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51056034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Clay+Science&rft.atitle=Oxidation-reduction+mechanisms+in+iron-bearing+phyllosilicates&rft.au=Stucki%2C+Joseph+W%3BBailey%2C+George+W%3BGan%2C+Huamin&rft.aulast=Stucki&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Clay+Science&rft.issn=01691317&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01691317 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical properties; clastic sediments; clay; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; Eh; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron; mechanism; metals; oxidation; physicochemical properties; processes; reduction; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rat strain- and gender-related differences in neurobehavioral screening: acute trimethyltin neurotoxicity. AN - 78015495; 8614024 AB - Trimethyltin (TMT) produces unique pathological and behavioral changes after a single dose. In this study, TMT was used to examine the ability of a neurobehavioral screening battery (functional observational battery and motor activity) to characterize these behavioral changes in rats. The behavioral profile of TMT was obtained using these tests in male Long-Evans (LE) and Fischer 344 (F344) rats, to assess the influence of rat strain, and in LE males and females to evaluate gender-related differences. All rats were tested before dosing and again at 1, 7, 21, and 42 d after a single dose of either 0, 4, 6, or 8 mg/kg TMT-hydroxide (intravenously). In general, the characteristic syndrome of tremor, increased reactivity, and hyperactivity was observed; however, the magnitude and time course of these effects were much greater in F344 rats. Significant strain- but not gender-related differences were obtained when comparing TMT effects on different domains of neurological function. Comparisons of predosing data between male LE and F344 rats, as well as between male and female LE rats, revealed significant differences in baseline values for about half of the measures of the test battery. These preexisting differences, however, could not account for the observed dissimilarities in treatment effects. Quantitative and qualitative differences were evident to a greater extent when comparing LEs and F344s than between males and females. Therefore, conclusions based on these types of neurobehavioral screening data would be influenced considerably more by the differences between rat strains. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Moser, V C AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/04/19/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Apr 19 SP - 567 EP - 586 VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Trimethyltin Compounds KW - 0 KW - trimethyltin KW - 1631-73-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Injections, Intravenous KW - Sex Factors KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Tremor -- chemically induced KW - Rats KW - Neuromuscular Junction -- drug effects KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Statistics as Topic KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Male KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Trimethyltin Compounds -- administration & dosage KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Trimethyltin Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78015495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Rat+strain-+and+gender-related+differences+in+neurobehavioral+screening%3A+acute+trimethyltin+neurotoxicity.&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-04-19&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-06-04 N1 - Date created - 1996-06-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatic DNA adducts and production of mutagenic urine in 2,6-dinitrotoluene-treated B6C3F1 male mice. AN - 77976560; 8603358 AB - The hepatocarcinogen 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT) is an intermediate in the chemical synthesis of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and polyurethane products and can contaminate the waste stream emitted by these industries. In this study, the production of mutagenic urine metabolites and the formation of hepatic DNA adducts is examined in the B6C3F1 male mouse. Animals were administered 50 mg/kg 2,6-DNT by gavage for 3 consecutive days. No body or liver weight effects were observed in treated animals. Following sacrifice, the livers were excised and DNA isolated for examination of 2,6-DNT-derived DNA adducts. During 2,6-DNT treatment, urine was collected, concentrated, and tested for mutagenicity in the Salmonella reversion bioassay. Mutagenic urine metabolites (469+/-53 revertants/ml urine) were excreted from B6C3F1 mice treated with 2,6-DNT and were comparable to results obtained for CD-1 mice and Fischer 344 rats. Two distinct hepatic DNA adducts (0.8+/-0.1 and 0.6+/-0.1 RAL/10(8) nucleotides) were detected in B6C3F1 mice by (32)P-postlabeling and thin layer chromatography which differed from the four adducts observed in hepatic DNA from 2,6-DNT-treated Fischer 344 rats. JF - Cancer letters AU - George, S E AU - Kohan, M J AU - Warren, S H AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/04/19/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Apr 19 SP - 107 EP - 111 VL - 102 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - Mutagens KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 2,6-dinitrotoluene KW - GG7FAV92MK KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Male KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - DNA Adducts -- biosynthesis KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- urine KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77976560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Hepatic+DNA+adducts+and+production+of+mutagenic+urine+in+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene-treated+B6C3F1+male+mice.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BWarren%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-04-19&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sensitive color ELISA for detecting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adducts in human tissues. AN - 78025947; 8618549 AB - Human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been determined by measurement of DNA adducts in human tissues. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using antisera recognizing benzo[a]pyrenediol-epoxide-modified DNA (BPDE-I-DNA) and color of fluorescence endpoint detection have been used extensively for quantifying PAH-DNA adducts. The fluorescence ELISA (limit of detection 1 adduct/10(8) nucleotides) was previously reported to be more sensitive than the color ELISA (1/10(7)) for measuring PAH adducts (Santella et al. (1988) Carcinogenesis, 9, 1265-1269). However, the fluorescence assay has the disadvantages of greater variation among the replicates and higher background levels than the color assay. Using a newly developed antiserum against BPDE-I-DNA, we have modified the color of ELISA so that it has the same sensitivity as the fluorescence ELISA and requires only 33% of the sample quantity needed for the fluorescence ELISA. The modifications included preincubation of the antiserum with the samples, using microtiter plates with half-size, flat bottom wells, and optimizing the assay conditions. The improved color ELISA was used to analyze DNA samples from human autopsy tissues, including heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas and stomach from smokers and nonsmokers. With the exception of spleen and stomach, all tissues from smokers showed higher PAH-DNA adducts (ranging from 0.3 to 19.0 adducts/10(7) nucleotides) than the tissues from the nonsmokers (0.3 to 3.7 adducts/10(7) nucleotides) in two separate experiments. Among the tissues from smokers, heart showed the highest level of DNA adducts. This study demonstrates that a stable color ELISA with high sensitivity can be useful in assessing human exposure to PAH. JF - Mutation research AU - Mumford, J L AU - Williams, K AU - Wilcosky, T C AU - Everson, R B AU - Young, T L AU - Santella, R M AD - US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/04/04/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Apr 04 SP - 171 EP - 177 VL - 359 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide-DNA KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide KW - 55097-80-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cross Reactions KW - DNA Adducts -- immunology KW - DNA Adducts -- analysis KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78025947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=A+sensitive+color+ELISA+for+detecting+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon-DNA+adducts+in+human+tissues.&rft.au=Mumford%2C+J+L%3BWilliams%2C+K%3BWilcosky%2C+T+C%3BEverson%2C+R+B%3BYoung%2C+T+L%3BSantella%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Mumford&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-04-04&rft.volume=359&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-06-13 N1 - Date created - 1996-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethological and experimental approaches to behavior analysis: implications for ecotoxicology. AN - 78436826; 9182036 AB - Laboratory research in toxicology has progressed far beyond reliance on measures of mortality to make use of sophisticated behavioral preparations that can evaluate the consequences of sublethal toxicant exposure. In contrast, field studies have not evolved as rapidly. Approaches developed by experimental psychologists and ethologists provide powerful and complementary methodologies to the study of environmental pollutants and behavior. Observational data collection techniques can easily be used to broaden the number of questions addressed regarding sublethal exposure to toxic agents in both field and laboratory environments. This paper provides a background in such techniques, including construction of ethograms and observational methodologies, and the use of laboratory analogues to naturally occurring activities such as social behavior, predation, and foraging. Combining ethological and experimental approaches in behavior analysis can result in a more comprehensive evaluation of the effects of environmental contaminants on behavior. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Cohn, J AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA. cohn@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 299 EP - 305 VL - 104 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Predatory Behavior KW - Population Density KW - Social Behavior KW - Ecosystem KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Ethology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78436826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Ethological+and+experimental+approaches+to+behavior+analysis%3A+implications+for+ecotoxicology.&rft.au=Cohn%2C+J%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Cohn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Psychopharmacologia. 1968 Sep 20;13(3):222-57 [5679627] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Mar 1;102(3):474-85 [2315916] Behaviour. 1974;49(3):227-67 [4597405] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1980 Jan;24(1):81-9 [7357114] Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):501-4 [7244649] Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1983 Sep-Oct;5(5):557-63 [6664413] J Exp Anal Behav. 1984 Mar;41(2):217-21 [6716037] J Neurobiol. 1984 Jul;15(4):283-93 [6090587] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1991 Jan;20(1):20-4 [1996908] Physiol Behav. 1992 Mar;51(3):533-42 [1523231] Arch Int Physiol Biochim Biophys. 1992 Sep-Oct;100(5):331-4 [1282384] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Apr;104 Suppl 2:331-5 [9182040] Annu Rev Psychol. 1985;36:141-69 [3883888] Behav Neural Biol. 1985 Jan;43(1):21-36 [3994623] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1985;443:381-437 [3893270] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1986;89(2):203-7 [3088637] Biol Psychiatry. 1986 Nov;21(13):1258-66 [3019440] Neuropharmacology. 1986 Dec;25(12):1395-401 [3561717] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1987;91(3):297-304 [2882539] J Neurosci. 1987 Apr;7(4):931-42 [3106588] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 May;88(3):397-410 [3033847] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1987 Jan-Feb;9(1):51-7 [3627077] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1988 Mar-Apr;10(2):85-92 [3398827] Neurotoxicology. 1988 Fall;9(3):367-78 [3143955] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 Aug;11(2):189-206 [3146518] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1989;97(4):521-8 [2498948] Behav Sci. 1971 Jan;16(1):98-113 [4937115] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Setting exposure standards: a decision process. AN - 78426837; 9182048 AB - Increased emphasis on routine screening of chemicals for potential neurotoxicity has resulted in the development of testing guidelines and standardized procedures. A multiphased, tiered-testing strategy has been proposed by numerous expert panels to evaluate large numbers of chemicals. In a regulatory context, however, a formal tiered-testing approach is not used, mostly because of the constraints of differing regulatory authorities and the potential cost of such a testing strategy. Instead, current regulatory decision making utilizes all available animal and human data to identify a critical adverse effect which is then used for setting standards. Although the current decision-making process does not use a formal tiered-testing approach, it appears to identify chemicals with neurotoxic effects. An analysis of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency integrated risk information system (IRIS) indicates that about 20% of the chemicals having standards or health advisories are based on neurotoxicity. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Tilson, H A AU - MacPhail, R C AU - Crofton, K M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. tilson@herl4S.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 401 EP - 405 VL - 104 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Algorithms KW - Neurotoxins -- adverse effects KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78426837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Setting+exposure+standards%3A+a+decision+process.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1984 Mar-Apr;6(2):147-53 [6472559] Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1987;7(1):107-17 [2884738] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1988;19(1):1-10 [3056655] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1988 Dec;8(4):471-86 [3222488] Neurotoxicology. 1992 Spring;13(1):1-13 [1508408] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):175-81 [2196418] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):281-4 [2196426] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 Jul-Aug;12(4):293-300 [1975425] Neuron. 1988 Oct;1(8):623-34 [2908446] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conformational aspects of glutathione conjugates of chlorinated alkenes: a computational study. AN - 78161411; 8728514 AB - The nephrotoxicity of halogenated alkenes is due to the beta-lyase mediated bioactivation of the hepatic glutathione (GS) conjugate to mutagenic or cytotoxic reactive species in kidney. Experimental evidence obtained for regioisomers and geometric isomers of haloalkene GS conjugates indicates that different isomers may be metabolized and excreted at different rates, follow different metabolic pathways, and exhibit different toxicities. Computational methods were applied in the present work to a conformational study of GS-haloalkene conjugates to determine the relative stabilities of possible regioisomers and geometric isomers of the conjugates. The halogenated alkenes studied were 1,1,2-trichloroethylene (TCE), hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD), and 1,1,2-trichloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene (TCTFP). Calculated energies of GS conjugate products were used to approximately infer relative product abundance under synthetic and in vivo conditions. This approach neglects differential solvent effects and enzyme selectivity and assumes a late transition state for GS conjugation and/or some thermodynamic control of the conjugation process. Relative population predictions of GS conjugate isomers, based on computed energies, were in agreement with experimental synthetic and in vivo isomer determinations in the case of TCE, where careful analytical characterization of the isomers was definitive. In the case of HCBD, where analytical determinations were not performed and isomer assignments were based on general reactivity concepts, calculations from the present study supported one GS conjugate isomer assignment and disagreed with the other. Finally, in the case of TCTFP, the calculations predicted that three isomers would have similar populations, whereas only two were detected in the experimental study. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Shim, J Y AU - Richard, A M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 667 EP - 675 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Alkenes KW - 0 KW - Butadienes KW - Chlorofluorocarbons KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - Solvents KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - 1,1,2-trichloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene KW - 431-52-7 KW - hexachlorobutadiene KW - CQ8AAO9MO1 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Trichloroethylene -- chemistry KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Solvents -- chemistry KW - Models, Molecular KW - Butadienes -- chemistry KW - Crystallography, X-Ray KW - Chlorofluorocarbons -- chemistry KW - Molecular Structure KW - Alkenes -- chemistry KW - Glutathione -- chemistry KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78161411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Conformational+aspects+of+glutathione+conjugates+of+chlorinated+alkenes%3A+a+computational+study.&rft.au=Shim%2C+J+Y%3BRichard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Shim&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-10 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive development and functions in the rat after repeated maternal deprivation stress. AN - 78126930; 8812279 AB - The present study examines whether interruptions of maternal-neonatal behaviors may alter the maturation of reproductive organs and functions, thereby potentially confounding the interpretation of toxicity data with stress-induced responses. Sprague-Dawley rat neonates were removed from their dams for 6 hr daily beginning on Day 4 of postnatal age and continuing until Day 21. Vaginal opening and preputial separation were monitored as indices of puberty. Sperm production in the male rats, estrous cycles in the female rats, and reproductive tissues were weighed when the animals reached sexual maturity. In addition, rats were mated for the elevation of pregnancy outcomes. Maternal separation stress in itself did not appear to alter these parameters, although potential interactions of stress responses with a toxicant should still be considered. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Lau, C AU - Klinefelter, G AU - Cameron, A M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 298 EP - 301 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Body Weight KW - Animals KW - Organ Size KW - Male KW - Female KW - Testis -- growth & development KW - Stress, Physiological -- etiology KW - Ovary -- growth & development KW - Maternal Deprivation KW - Stress, Physiological -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78126930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Reproductive+development+and+functions+in+the+rat+after+repeated+maternal+deprivation+stress.&rft.au=Lau%2C+C%3BKlinefelter%2C+G%3BCameron%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Lau&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional quantitative structure--activity relationships for androgen receptor ligands. AN - 78016777; 8661347 AB - Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) paradigm, was used to examine androgen receptor-binding affinities of a series of structurally diverse natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals of interest. The CoMFA/3D-QSAR model successfully illustrates that the overall steric and electrostatic properties of structurally diverse ligands for the androgen receptor are necessary and sufficient to describe the binding affinity. The practical utility of models of this type is demonstrated using parent compounds in the training set and known as well as putative biological metabolites as test set molecules. The ability of the model to accurately predict binding affinity of test set molecules suggests that structure-based 3D-QSAR models may be used to supplement the process of hazard identification. The application of 3D-QSAR models within a toxicological framework is, at present, limited by the quantity and quality of biological data for relevant biomarkers of toxicity. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Waller, C L AU - Juma, B W AU - Gray, L E AU - Kelce, W R AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 219 EP - 227 VL - 137 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Ligands KW - Receptors, Androgen KW - Steroids KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Molecular KW - Hazardous Substances -- metabolism KW - Steroids -- chemistry KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Steroids -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Androgen -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Androgen -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78016777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+quantitative+structure--activity+relationships+for+androgen+receptor+ligands.&rft.au=Waller%2C+C+L%3BJuma%2C+B+W%3BGray%2C+L+E%3BKelce%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface application system for in situ ground-water bioremediation; site characterization and modeling AN - 52823556; 1996-056408 JF - Ground Water AU - Sweed, H G AU - Bedient, P B AU - Hutchins, S R Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 211 EP - 222 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - pollutants KW - underground storage tanks KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - Elgin Air Force Base North KW - recharge KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52823556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Surface+application+system+for+in+situ+ground-water+bioremediation%3B+site+characterization+and+modeling&rft.au=Sweed%2C+H+G%3BBedient%2C+P+B%3BHutchins%2C+S+R&rft.aulast=Sweed&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; Elgin Air Force Base North; Florida; ground water; hazardous waste; infiltration; models; pollutants; recharge; remediation; transport; underground storage tanks; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contrasting styles of hydrous metasomatism in the upper mantle; an ion microprobe investigation AN - 52814227; 1996-055798 AB - The relationship between modal metasomatism, oxidation state and trace element enrichment, with the compositions of metasomatic fluids, is examined for amphibole (+ or - phlogopite)-bearing spinel lherzolite xenoliths from modally metasomatized suites from Dish Hill, California, Ichinomegata, Japan, Mont Briancon, France, Dreiser, Weiher, Eifel, Germany. These localities represent diverse tectonic environments which may be correlated with specific fO (sub 2) characteristics. Ion microprobe analyses are presented for trace elements in coexisting clinopyroxene and amphibole (pargasite). Three distinct cases of metasomatic activity are identified: cases (1) and (2) are exemplified by xenoliths from Dish Hill and Ichinomegata; the former case involves the simple formation of amphibole by hydration of the mantle preserving its original depleted trace element signature. In case (2) amphiboles are produced metasomatically and are enriched in incompatible elements but coexist with depleted clinopyroxene, and crystallized from a volatile-bearing melt. In case (3) the Eifel and Mont Briancon trace element compositions may represent equilibrium crystallization of incompatible element-enriched amphibole and clinopyroxene from a migrating melt. Mica represents a distinct metasomatic phase. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Johnson, K E AU - Davis, A M AU - Bryndzia, L T Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 1367 EP - 1385 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 60 IS - 8 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - Far East KW - enrichment KW - Europe KW - New Mexico KW - lherzolite KW - France KW - California KW - plutonic rocks KW - mica group KW - Dish Hill KW - Central Europe KW - Rhineland-Palatinate Germany KW - inclusions KW - Asia KW - chain silicates KW - upper mantle KW - ultramafics KW - plate tectonics KW - Rhenish Schiefergebirge KW - peridotites KW - phlogopite KW - Central Massif KW - United States KW - Ichinomegata KW - oxygen KW - igneous rocks KW - mantle KW - metasomatism KW - fugacity KW - Eifel KW - major elements KW - Puerco Necks KW - oxides KW - Australia KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - Anakie Hills KW - xenoliths KW - Western Europe KW - Australasia KW - oxidation KW - amphibole group KW - spinel KW - New South Wales Australia KW - subduction KW - hydration KW - sheet silicates KW - Honshu KW - Germany KW - Japan KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Contrasting+styles+of+hydrous+metasomatism+in+the+upper+mantle%3B+an+ion+microprobe+investigation&rft.au=Johnson%2C+K+E%3BDavis%2C+A+M%3BBryndzia%2C+L+T&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0016-7037%2896%2900018-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 93 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amphibole group; Anakie Hills; Asia; Australasia; Australia; California; Central Europe; Central Massif; chain silicates; chemical composition; Dish Hill; Eifel; enrichment; Europe; Far East; France; fugacity; Germany; Honshu; hydration; Ichinomegata; igneous rocks; inclusions; Japan; lherzolite; major elements; mantle; metasomatism; mica group; New Mexico; New South Wales Australia; oxidation; oxides; oxygen; peridotites; phlogopite; plate tectonics; plutonic rocks; Puerco Necks; Rhenish Schiefergebirge; Rhineland-Palatinate Germany; sheet silicates; silicates; spinel; subduction; trace elements; ultramafics; United States; upper mantle; Western Europe; xenoliths DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)00018-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring crude oil mineralization in salt marshes; use of stable carbon isotope ratios AN - 52758642; 1997-018476 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Jackson, Andrew W AU - Pardue, John AU - Araujo, Rochelle Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 1139 EP - 1144 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - Port Fourchon Louisiana KW - degradation KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - stable isotopes KW - Jefferson Parish Louisiana KW - variations KW - carbon dioxide KW - intertidal environment KW - mass balance KW - carbon KW - Barataria Basin KW - oil spills KW - crude oil KW - Louisiana KW - kinetics KW - biodegradation KW - marshes KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - petroleum products KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - detection KW - salt marshes KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - C-13 KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52758642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Monitoring+crude+oil+mineralization+in+salt+marshes%3B+use+of+stable+carbon+isotope+ratios&rft.au=Jackson%2C+Andrew+W%3BPardue%2C+John%3BAraujo%2C+Rochelle&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aromatic hydrocarbons; Barataria Basin; biodegradation; C-13; carbon; carbon dioxide; coastal environment; crude oil; degradation; detection; hydrocarbons; intertidal environment; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jefferson Parish Louisiana; kinetics; Louisiana; marshes; mass balance; mires; oil spills; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Port Fourchon Louisiana; salt marshes; stable isotopes; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AN - 52754139; 1997-018488 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Beard, Michael E AU - Millete, James R AU - Montague, Naomi AU - Longo, William E AU - Hatfield, Richard L AU - Lee, R J AU - Dagenhart, T V AU - Dunmyre, R AU - Stewart, I M AU - van Orden, D R Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 1404 EP - 1406 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - silicates KW - critical review KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - detection limit KW - clastic sediments KW - asbestos KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - sample preparation KW - detection KW - dust KW - sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52754139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Environmental+Science+%26amp%3B+Technology%2C+ES+%26amp%3B+T&rft.au=Beard%2C+Michael+E%3BMillete%2C+James+R%3BMontague%2C+Naomi%3BLongo%2C+William+E%3BHatfield%2C+Richard+L%3BLee%2C+R+J%3BDagenhart%2C+T+V%3BDunmyre%2C+R%3BStewart%2C+I+M%3Bvan+Orden%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Beard&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Lee, R. J. et al., Environ. Sci. Technol. Vol. 29, No. 7, p. 1728-1736, 1995 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asbestos; clastic sediments; critical review; detection; detection limit; dust; experimental studies; pollution; regulations; sample preparation; sediments; silicates; suspended materials; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyzing a priority pollutant in soil AN - 52752662; 1997-018497 JF - Pollution Engineering AU - Ma, Jinzhong AU - Frederick, Raymond M Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 42 EP - 43 PB - Cahners Publishing, Newton, MA VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0032-3640, 0032-3640 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - detection KW - chromatograms KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - chemical composition KW - synthetic materials KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52752662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pollution+Engineering&rft.atitle=Analyzing+a+priority+pollutant+in+soil&rft.au=Ma%2C+Jinzhong%3BFrederick%2C+Raymond+M&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Jinzhong&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pollution+Engineering&rft.issn=00323640&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; chemical composition; chemical properties; chemical waste; chromatograms; concentration; detection; experimental studies; industrial waste; pollutants; pollution; soil treatment; soils; synthetic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous waste; cleanup and prevention AN - 52147229; 2002-015075 JF - Science and Children AU - Vandas, Steve J AU - Cronin, Nancy L Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 23 EP - 24, 35 PB - National Science Teachers Association, Washington, DC VL - 33 IS - 7 SN - 0036-8148, 0036-8148 KW - hazardous waste KW - K-12 education KW - Superfund KW - waste disposal KW - education KW - bioremediation KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52147229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+and+Children&rft.atitle=Hazardous+waste%3B+cleanup+and+prevention&rft.au=Vandas%2C+Steve+J%3BCronin%2C+Nancy+L&rft.aulast=Vandas&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+and+Children&rft.issn=00368148&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; education; hazardous waste; K-12 education; preventive measures; remediation; Superfund; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vulnerability and adaptation assessments; an international handbook AN - 51221616; 1997-034459 JF - Environmental Science and Technology Library A2 - Benioff, Ron A2 - Guill, Sandra A2 - Lee, Jeffrey Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 EP - variously paginated PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 7 SN - 1382-3124, 1382-3124 KW - soils KW - biodiversity KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - biota KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - adaptation KW - models KW - sea-level changes KW - climate effects KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - manuals KW - soil erosion KW - water resources KW - land use KW - climate KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51221616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0792341406&rft.btitle=Vulnerability+and+adaptation+assessments%3B+an+international+handbook&rft.title=Vulnerability+and+adaptation+assessments%3B+an+international+handbook&rft.issn=13823124&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 81 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes ten appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adaptation; biodiversity; biota; changes; climate; climate effects; coastal environment; ecosystems; erosion; ground water; human activity; human ecology; land use; manuals; models; policy; pollution; risk assessment; sea-level changes; soil erosion; soils; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effective use of electromagnetic methods to delineate a fluvial paleochannel system controlling oil migration near Glenrock, Wyoming AN - 50902411; 2002-027263 AB - A combination of three different electromagnetic methods was effectively used to map the shallow lithologic variation interpreted to control the subsurface migration pattern of hydrocarbons near Glenrock, Wyoming. Petroleum hydrocarbons were seeping from the south bank of the North Platte River approximately one-half mile west of the Township of Glenrock, Wyoming. Product was moving along the top of the water table through coarse grained sediments and discharging into the river. Initial investigations, resulting in the excavation of three trenches, were unable to determine the source and migration pathways that the hydrocarbons were following. A geophysical survey was performed that provided a map of the subsurface geology that controlled free and dissolved product migration. The geophysical methods used included terrain conductivity, using two instruments that allowed two different coil separations (the Geonics EM-31 and EM-34), and transient electromagnetics (TEM). The portability and data collection efficiency of the EM-31 guided its use as a reconnaissance tool. Data from the EM-31 provided a map of near-surface conductivity patterns indicative of shallow lithologic variation between coarse-grained paleochannel deposits and fine-grained fluvial overbank sediments. Correlation of the EM-31 response with known geology observed in test pit excavations resulted in some concern as to whether the mapped lithologic variation was too shallow to have controlled groundwater migration. To address this, the EM-31 was operated at ground, and at 3 and 7 feet (ft) heights above ground over a high conductivity zone (interpreted to be fine-grained material). Data obtained indicated that the high conductivity material was not a thin surficial veneer, but instead represented fine-grained deposits at depths of 0 to greater than 10 ft. The EM-34 instrument was also used at a 10-meter coil separation along selected traverses to confirm the vertical extent of the interpreted lithologic variation. In addition, a profile of central loop TEM sounding provided enough information to allow one-dimensional computer modeling, which provided a quantitative depth extent of fine-grained (fluvial overbank) deposits. Therefore, preferential groundwater migration pathways (fluvial paleochannels) were not only detected, but quantitatively delineated using this effective combination of electromagnetic methods. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Rogers, Noel T AU - Sandberg, Stewart K AU - Powell, Greg AU - Bell, Ronald S AU - Cramer, Mark H Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 917 EP - 926 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1996 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - geophysical surveys KW - Glenrock Wyoming KW - Platte River KW - transport KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - hydrodynamics KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - grain size KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - channels KW - Converse County Wyoming KW - TEM data KW - oil seeps KW - Wyoming KW - lithofacies KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - fluvial features KW - surveys KW - lateral heterogeneity KW - alluvium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50902411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=The+effective+use+of+electromagnetic+methods+to+delineate+a+fluvial+paleochannel+system+controlling+oil+migration+near+Glenrock%2C+Wyoming&rft.au=Rogers%2C+Noel+T%3BSandberg%2C+Stewart+K%3BPowell%2C+Greg%3BBell%2C+Ronald+S%3BCramer%2C+Mark+H&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=Noel&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium; channels; clastic sediments; Converse County Wyoming; electromagnetic methods; fluvial features; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Glenrock Wyoming; grain size; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; hydrodynamics; lateral heterogeneity; lithofacies; oil seeps; organic compounds; Platte River; pollutants; pollution; sediments; solute transport; surveys; TEM data; transport; United States; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The control of acid mine drainage at the Summitville Mine Superfund Site AN - 50898622; 2002-027195 AB - The Summitville Mine Superfund Site is located about 25 miles south of Del Norte, Colorado, in Rio Grande County. Occurring at an average elevation of 11,500 feet in the San Juan Mountain Range, the mine site is located two miles east of the Continental Divide. Mining at Summitville has occurred since 1870. The mine was most recently operated by Summitville Consolidated Mining Company, Inc. (SCMCI) as an open pit gold mine with extraction by means of a cyanide leaching process. In December of 1992, SCMCI declared bankruptcy and vacated the mine site. At that time, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) took over operations of the water treatment facilities to prevent a catastrophic release of cyanide and metal-laden water from the mine site. Due to high operational costs of water treatment (approximately $50,000 per day), EPA established a goal to minimize active water treatment by reducing or eliminating acid mine drainage (AMD). All of the sources of AMD generation on the mine site were evaluated and prioritized. Of the twelve areas identified as sources of AMD, the Cropsy Waste Pile, the Summitville Dam Impoundment, the Beaver Mud Dump, the Reynolds and Chandler adits, and the Mine Pits were consider to be the most significant contributors to the generation of metal-laden acidic (low pH) water. A two part plan was developed to control AMD from the most significant sources. The first part was initiated immediately to control AMD being released from the Site. This part focused on improving the efficiency of the water treatment facilities and controlling the AMD discharges from the mine drainage adits. The discharges from the adits was accomplished by plugging the Reynolds and Chandler adits. The second part of the plan was aimed at reducing the AMD generated in groundwater and surface water runoff from the mine wastes. A lined and capped repository located in the mine pits for acid generating mining waste and water treatment plant sludge was found to be the most feasible alternative. Beginning in 1993, mining wastes which were the most significant sources of AMD were being excavated and placed in the Mine Pits. In November 1995, all of the waste from these sources had been excavated and placed in the the Mine Pits. This paper discusses EPA's overall approach to stabilize on-site sources sufficiently such that aquatic, agricultural, and drinking water uses in the Alamosa watershed are restored and/or maintained with minimal water treatment. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Ketellapper, Victor L AU - Williams, Laura O AU - Bell, Ronald S AU - Cramer, Mark H Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 303 EP - 311 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1996 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - mining KW - mines KW - acid mine drainage KW - surface mining KW - pollutants KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Summitville Mine KW - Del Norte Colorado KW - mining geology KW - metal ores KW - gold ores KW - open-pit mining KW - Colorado KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50898622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=The+control+of+acid+mine+drainage+at+the+Summitville+Mine+Superfund+Site&rft.au=Ketellapper%2C+Victor+L%3BWilliams%2C+Laura+O%3BBell%2C+Ronald+S%3BCramer%2C+Mark+H&rft.aulast=Ketellapper&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Colorado; Del Norte Colorado; gold ores; metal ores; mines; mining; mining geology; open-pit mining; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rio Grande County Colorado; Summitville Mine; Superfund sites; surface mining; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of ac and dc magnetic field orientation on nerve cells. AN - 77978672; 8607846 AB - Recent tests of the influence of parallel ac and dc magnetic fields on neurite outgrowth in PC-12 cells showed good agreement with the predictions of an ion parametric resonance model. However, experimental results from earlier work involving both a perpendicular (160 mG) and a parallel (366 mG) dc magnetic field were not as consistent with the ion parametric resonance model predictions. Test results reported here show that the cell response to perpendicular ac and de magnetic fields is distinct and predictably different from that found for parallel ac and dc magnetic fields, and that the response to perpendicular fields is dominant in an intensity-dependent nonlinear manner. JF - Biochemical and biophysical research communications AU - Blackman, C F AU - Blanchard, J P AU - Benane, S G AU - House, D E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711-2055, USA. Y1 - 1996/03/27/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Mar 27 SP - 807 EP - 811 VL - 220 IS - 3 SN - 0006-291X, 0006-291X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - PC12 Cells KW - Electromagnetic Fields KW - Neurites -- radiation effects KW - Neurites -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77978672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.atitle=Effect+of+ac+and+dc+magnetic+field+orientation+on+nerve+cells.&rft.au=Blackman%2C+C+F%3BBlanchard%2C+J+P%3BBenane%2C+S+G%3BHouse%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Blackman&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-03-27&rft.volume=220&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supernumerary lumbar rib: manifestation of basic alteration in embryonic development of ribs. AN - 78559556; 8935784 AB - Supernumerary ribs (SNR) are a common variant in some strains of mice used in standard teratology bioassays. We have previously demonstrated that increased incidence of SNR may be induced by a wide variety of xenobiotics and/or general maternal stress. The significance of this defect in cross-species extrapolations has been problematic and recent studies, including this one, have shown that this anomaly is more complex than previously thought. The SNR in mice have a bimodal distribution composed of 'rudimentary ribs' (RR) with a mode of 0.3-0.4 mm and 'extra ribs' (ER) with a mode of 0.9-1.1 mm. The studies reported here examine the relationship between the presence of SNR and the 13th rib length and the gross morphological development of the anomaly. Supernumerary ribs were induced in CD-1 mice by surgical stress (subcutaneous micropump implanted on gestational day (GD), restraint stress (GD8), food and water deprivation (GD8) or maternal administration of the pesticide dinoseb (50 mg kg-1 on GD7 and GD8). Fetuses from untreated litters were also examined. Dinoseb-treated mice were killed on GD14, 15, 16 or 17. All other groups were killed on GD17. The lengths of the 13th and 14th ribs were measured and other anomalies were recorded. Femur length was used as an indicator of fetal size. The SNR frequency was higher in all treatment groups compared to controls. We found that ER and RR were morphologically distinct. The ER were flat ended and distally joined by a cartilaginous portion, while RR were usually rounded distally and were without cartilaginous extensions. The 13th ribs were significantly longer in fetuses having SNR than in those not having SNR, whether treated or untreated. This relationship was present in all fetal ages examined and with both ER and RR groups. These results suggest that SNR are indicative of basic alterations in the development of the axial skeleton. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Branch, S AU - Rogers, J M AU - Brownie, C F AU - Chernoff, N AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 115 EP - 119 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol KW - Q13SKS21MN KW - dinoseb KW - YD44ZEM22M KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Gestational Age KW - Mice KW - Fasting KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- embryology KW - Ribs -- abnormalities KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol -- toxicity KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78559556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Supernumerary+lumbar+rib%3A+manifestation+of+basic+alteration+in+embryonic+development+of+ribs.&rft.au=Branch%2C+S%3BRogers%2C+J+M%3BBrownie%2C+C+F%3BChernoff%2C+N&rft.aulast=Branch&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-22 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Battery of neurobehavioral tests recommended to ATSDR: solvent-induced deficits in microelectronic workers. AN - 78315760; 8794536 JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Boyes, W K AU - Otto, D A AU - House, D E AU - Creason, J P AU - Geller, A M AU - Darcey, D J AU - Broadwell, D K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 235 EP - 243 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Solvents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Computer Simulation KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Models, Statistical KW - Electronics KW - Male KW - Female KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Psychomotor Performance -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Health -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78315760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=Battery+of+neurobehavioral+tests+recommended+to+ATSDR%3A+solvent-induced+deficits+in+microelectronic+workers.&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BOtto%2C+D+A%3BHouse%2C+D+E%3BCreason%2C+J+P%3BGeller%2C+A+M%3BDarcey%2C+D+J%3BBroadwell%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro exposure to aluminum does not alter long-term potentiation or glutamate release in rat hippocampal slices. AN - 78098972; 8709929 AB - Aluminum has been reported to inhibit long-term potentiation (LTP) following in vivo administration and decrease glutamate release following in vitro exposure. Because glutamate release is critical for synaptic transmission and the development and maintenance of LTP in the hippocampus, we examined the effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl3) on depolarization-induced glutamate release and LTP in rat hippocampal slices. The effects of AlCl3 on [14C]glutamate release were examined by incubation of slices in depolarizing (56 mM)K+ buffer solution in the absence or presence of 2 mM CaCl2. After 15 min depolarization, AlCl3 (100-1000 microM) did not significantly affect Ca(2+)-dependent [14C]glutamate release from slices, whereas a known Ca2+ channel blocker (100 microM CdCl2) decreased Ca(2+)-dependent [14C]glutamate release by approximately 50%. In contrast to a previous report, acute exposure to AlCl3 was without effect on depolarization-dependent glutamate release. LTP of the population spike (PS) in CA1 of hippocampus was induced by the delivery of stimulus trains to the stratum radiatum. LTP of the PS was observed in both control slices and slices bathed in solution containing 100 microM AlCl3. Neither the magnitude nor longevity (measured up to 1 h posttrain) of LTP distinguished control from aluminum-exposed slices. The lack of sensitivity in rat to the encephalopathic changes induced by aluminum, or methodological differences in exposure conditions may account for the lack of effect of aluminum on in vitro LTP in rat hippocampus. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Gilbert, M E AU - Shafer, T J AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 175 EP - 180 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Chlorides KW - 0 KW - Glutamates KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Aluminum KW - CPD4NFA903 KW - Cadmium Chloride KW - J6K4F9V3BA KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Cadmium -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Electrophysiology -- methods KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Male KW - Chlorides -- pharmacology KW - Long-Term Potentiation -- drug effects KW - Glutamates -- metabolism KW - Hippocampus -- metabolism KW - Aluminum -- toxicity KW - Hippocampus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78098972?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=In+vitro+exposure+to+aluminum+does+not+alter+long-term+potentiation+or+glutamate+release+in+rat+hippocampal+slices.&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+M+E%3BShafer%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-10 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suppression of oocyte release in rats by local administration of the noradrenergic neurotoxin DSP4. AN - 78089488; 8699411 AB - The presence of noradrenergic neuronal innervation in the ovaries and cyclic alterations in ovarian noradrenaline suggest a role for such innervation in oocyte release. The current experiments evaluated the relationship between ovulation and alterations in ovarian concentrations of noradrenaline induced by unilateral, intrabursal administration of the specific noradrenergic neurotoxin DSP4. Intrabursal injections of DSP4 (0-10 mumoles per ovary) given at 19:00 h at pro-oestrus induced a prompt, dose-related reduction in ovarian noradrenaline on the injected and non-injected sides. Although this result suggests that injected material was reaching the contralateral ovary, ovulation was suppressed only on the injected side. This suppression was persistent, and lasted through at least the next two cycles following either unilateral or bilateral treatment. The reductions in noradrenaline could be mostly, if not entirely, attenuated by prior administration of desipramine which blocks re-uptake of noradrenaline, while the ipsilateral ovulatory effects remained unchanged. Although it has been reported that DSP4 binds the opiate receptor, intrabursal co-administration of the antagonist naloxone was ineffective in altering ovulatory suppression. These results suggest that while decreases in ovarian noradrenaline in response to local exposure to a noradrenergic neurotoxin may accompany a reduction in oocyte release or a block in ovulation, the anti-ovulatory effect of DSP4 is independent of the changes in noradrenaline concentrations and may be due to some other ovarian response. JF - Journal of reproduction and fertility AU - Goldman, J M AU - Stoker, T E AU - Cooper, R L AU - McElroy, W K AU - Parrish, M B AD - Endocrinology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 275 EP - 283 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0022-4251, 0022-4251 KW - Adrenergic Agents KW - 0 KW - Benzylamines KW - Narcotic Antagonists KW - Neurotoxins KW - Naloxone KW - 36B82AMQ7N KW - DSP 4 KW - PQ1P7JP5C1 KW - Desipramine KW - TG537D343B KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Norepinephrine -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Naloxone -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Desipramine -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Norepinephrine -- metabolism KW - Narcotic Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Female KW - Ovulation -- drug effects KW - Benzylamines -- pharmacology KW - Adrenergic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Ovary -- metabolism KW - Ovary -- innervation KW - Neurotoxins -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78089488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+reproduction+and+fertility&rft.atitle=Suppression+of+oocyte+release+in+rats+by+local+administration+of+the+noradrenergic+neurotoxin+DSP4.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+J+M%3BStoker%2C+T+E%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BMcElroy%2C+W+K%3BParrish%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+reproduction+and+fertility&rft.issn=00224251&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Autonomic and behavioral thermoregulation in golden hamsters exposed perinatally to dioxin. AN - 77967222; 8607137 AB - Perinatal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) cause s a permanent change in thermoregulatory control of male offspring of the rat, characterized by a reduced core temperature (Tc over a wide range of ambient temperatures (Ta). To examine the similarities in this effect across species, the thermoregulatory effects of perinatal TCDD were evaluated in the golden hamster, a species which is very resistant to the lethal effects of TCDD. Adult male hamsters exposed on Gestational Day 11.5-11.75 to 2.0 microgram TCDD/kg by gavage were subjected to a variety of behavioral and autonomic thermoregulatory measurements. Nocturnal Tc of TCDD-treated animals was 0.4 to 1.0 degrees C below that of controls over a Ta range of 14 to 34 degrees C. Hypothermia persisted in spite of normal metabolic responses to cold exposure. The hypothermic effect of perinatal TCDD exposure was found to persist over a 24-hr period in unrestrained hamsters monitored by radiotelemetry. The TCDD-treated hamster offspring placed in a temperature gradient exhibited a preference for warm Ta's for 2 to 3 hr; however, when maintained over a 22-hr period in the gradient there was no effect of TCDD on behavioral thermoregulation. TCDD had no effect on motor activity measured over a 24-hr period. TCDD resulted in an approximately 30% reduction in body weight compared to controls; however, this weight loss appeared to have no bearing on the thermoregulatory deficiencies of the TCDD-treated animals. TCDD-treated hamsters displayed a normal metabolic response to cold exposure; thus, it would appear that perinatal exposure to TCDD leads to a dysfunction in the central control of body temperature. The perinatal effects of TCDD on thermoregulation in the rat and hamster appear to be similar. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gordon, C J AU - Yang, Y AU - Gray, L E AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 120 EP - 125 VL - 137 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Oxygen Consumption -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Telemetry KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mesocricetus KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Cricetinae KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- physiology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77967222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Autonomic+and+behavioral+thermoregulation+in+golden+hamsters+exposed+perinatally+to+dioxin.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BYang%2C+Y%3BGray%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between CYP1A enzyme activities and protein levels in rats treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. AN - 77965344; 8600290 AB - Induction of CYP1A1 is one of the best characterized responses to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). EROD activity has been used as an enzymatic marker for CYP1A1 following TCDD treatment. Enzymatic markers for the induction of CYP1A2 by TCDD are not as well characterized. The present study examines the relationship between CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 protein and the corresponding enzymatic markers. Induction of hepatic ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity and methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MEROD) and acetanilide 4-hydroxylase (ACOH) activity (both markers for CYP1A2) were analyzed in 8-wk-old male and female Fischer 344 rats treated orally with either 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 micrograms TCDD/kg. There were no sex differences in basal EROD or ACOH activity. MEROD activity was significantly greater in control males than in control females. Significant induction of EROD activity in females occurred at slightly lower doses of TCDD compared to males (0.1 vs. 0.3 micrograms/kg, respectively); however, a greater absolute and a larger fold induction of EROD activity was seen in males compared to females at all doses tested except 0.1 micrograms/kg. EROD activity did not attain a maximum in either sex. Similarly, MEROD activity was induced at lower doses of TCDD in females than in males (0.1 vs. 0.3 micrograms/kg, respectively). MEROD activity was maximally induced at 0.3 micrograms/kg in males. In females, MEROD did not attain maximum induction at the doses tested. ACOH activity was induced at doses as low as 0.3 micrograms/kg in both sexes, and the dose-dependent increases in activity were equivalent in males and females. Both ACOH and MEROD activity correlated well with CYP1A2 levels as determined by Western blot analysis, although there was a greater fold induction of protein than either MEROD or ACOH. Although MEROD and ACOH are both markers for the same response, MEROD activity may be a more useful marker because it is the quicker and more sensitive of the two assays. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - DeVito, M J AU - Beebe, L E AU - Menache, M AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 379 EP - 394 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - methoxyresorufin-O-demethylase KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 KW - acetanilide hydroxylase KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Blotting, Western KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Male KW - Female KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- metabolism KW - Oxidoreductases -- biosynthesis KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77965344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+CYP1A+enzyme+activities+and+protein+levels+in+rats+treated+with+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.&rft.au=DeVito%2C+M+J%3BBeebe%2C+L+E%3BMenache%2C+M%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=DeVito&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-02 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soluble transition metals mediate the acute pulmonary injury and airway hyperreactivity induced by residual oil fly ash particles. AN - 77963299; 8598143 JF - Chest AU - Dreher, K AU - Jaskot, R AU - Kodavanti, U AU - Lehmann, J AU - Winsett, D AU - Costa, D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 33S EP - 34S VL - 109 IS - 3 Suppl SN - 0012-3692, 0012-3692 KW - Fuel Oils KW - 0 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Acute Disease KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Male KW - Respiratory Hypersensitivity -- physiopathology KW - Fuel Oils -- adverse effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- physiopathology KW - Respiratory Hypersensitivity -- chemically induced KW - Vehicle Emissions -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77963299?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chest&rft.atitle=Soluble+transition+metals+mediate+the+acute+pulmonary+injury+and+airway+hyperreactivity+induced+by+residual+oil+fly+ash+particles.&rft.au=Dreher%2C+K%3BJaskot%2C+R%3BKodavanti%2C+U%3BLehmann%2C+J%3BWinsett%2C+D%3BCosta%2C+D&rft.aulast=Dreher&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=3+Suppl&rft.spage=33S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chest&rft.issn=00123692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A structure-activity relationship for the neurotoxicity of triazole fungicides. AN - 77960867; 8600615 AB - Previous work has demonstrated that acute exposures to the triazole fungicide triadimefon affects central nervous system (CNS) catecholamines and induces a transient syndrome in rats that consists of hyperactivity and stereotyped behaviors. The present research was designed to determine whether this type of CNS toxicity is characteristic of other triazoles. Dose-effect functions were determined for 14 different triazoles or structurally related pesticides in adult male Long-Evans rats. All chemicals were administered per os in corn oil. Hyperactivity was measured for 2 h in figure-eight mazes. Results indicated that only triadimefon and triadimenol were able to induce hyperactivity; none of the other chemicals produced this effect. These data suggest a very rigid structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the hyperactivity syndrome and indicate that CNS effects may be minimized in the future design of triazoles without impacting fungicidal efficacy. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health Effects and Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 155 EP - 159 VL - 84 IS - 3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - 0 KW - Triazoles KW - triadimefon KW - 1HW039CJF0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Male KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Central Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Triazoles -- toxicity KW - Hyperkinesis -- chemically induced KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- administration & dosage KW - Triazoles -- chemistry KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity KW - Triazoles -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77960867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=A+structure-activity+relationship+for+the+neurotoxicity+of+triazole+fungicides.&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-02 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with low concentrations of radionuclides AN - 52828748; 1996-055692 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Entry, James A AU - Vance, Nan C AU - Hamilton, Melinda A AU - Zabowski, Darlene AU - Watrud, Lidia S AU - Adriano, Domy C Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 167 EP - 176 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 88 IS - 1-2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - hazardous waste KW - Sr-90 KW - medical geology KW - isotopes KW - techniques KW - ecosystems KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - nuclear explosions KW - fallout KW - soils KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - explosions KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - plant uptake KW - Cs-137 KW - Chernobyl nuclear accident KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52828748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation+of+soil+contaminated+with+low+concentrations+of+radionuclides&rft.au=Entry%2C+James+A%3BVance%2C+Nan+C%3BHamilton%2C+Melinda+A%3BZabowski%2C+Darlene%3BWatrud%2C+Lidia+S%3BAdriano%2C+Domy+C&rft.aulast=Entry&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; bioremediation; cesium; Chernobyl nuclear accident; concentration; Cs-137; decontamination; ecosystems; explosions; fallout; hazardous waste; isotopes; medical geology; metals; nuclear explosions; nuclear facilities; plant uptake; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; soil treatment; soils; Sr-90; strontium; techniques; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on contaminant biodegradation in slurry, water, and compacted soil tube reactors AN - 52768956; 1997-016793 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Fu, Chunsheng AU - Pfanstiel, Steven AU - Gao, Chao AU - Yan, Xuesheng AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Tabak, Henry H Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 743 EP - 750 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - decontamination KW - chemical properties KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52768956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Studies+on+contaminant+biodegradation+in+slurry%2C+water%2C+and+compacted+soil+tube+reactors&rft.au=Fu%2C+Chunsheng%3BPfanstiel%2C+Steven%3BGao%2C+Chao%3BYan%2C+Xuesheng%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BTabak%2C+Henry+H&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Chunsheng&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical properties; decontamination; experimental studies; ground water; in situ; mathematical models; microorganisms; models; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; remediation; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of triazine degradates on ground water in relation to relevant regulatory endpoints AN - 52523240; 1999-008598 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Barrett, Michael R A2 - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 211 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52523240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Impact+of+triazine+degradates+on+ground+water+in+relation+to+relevant+regulatory+endpoints&rft.au=Barrett%2C+Michael+R&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=211&rft.issue=&rft.spage=AGRO+157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 211th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - degradation; drinking water; environmental analysis; ground water; herbicides; human ecology; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; regulations; toxicity; triazines ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide movement to ground water in California; application of areal vulnerability assessments and well monitoring to mitigation measures AN - 52522843; 1999-008595 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Troiano, J AU - Nordmark, C AU - Barry, T AU - Johnson, B AU - Spurlock, F A2 - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 211 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - nonpoint sources KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - California KW - mitigation KW - transport KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52522843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Pesticide+movement+to+ground+water+in+California%3B+application+of+areal+vulnerability+assessments+and+well+monitoring+to+mitigation+measures&rft.au=Troiano%2C+J%3BNordmark%2C+C%3BBarry%2C+T%3BJohnson%2C+B%3BSpurlock%2C+F&rft.aulast=Troiano&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=211&rft.issue=&rft.spage=AGRO+147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 211th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; California; environmental analysis; ground water; herbicides; mathematical models; mitigation; monitoring; nonpoint sources; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; solute transport; statistical analysis; transport; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing the ground water disinfection rule AN - 52019026; 2003-019101 JF - Journal - American Water Works Association AU - Macler, Bruce A Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 47 EP - 55 PB - American Water Works Association (AWWA), Denver, CO VL - 88 IS - 3 SN - 0003-150X, 0003-150X KW - protection KW - methods KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - water supply KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - safety KW - filtration KW - water treatment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52019026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+-+American+Water+Works+Association&rft.atitle=Developing+the+ground+water+disinfection+rule&rft.au=Macler%2C+Bruce+A&rft.aulast=Macler&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+-+American+Water+Works+Association&rft.issn=0003150X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.awwa.org/publications/JournalCurrent.cfm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JAWWA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; drinking water; filtration; ground water; methods; pollutants; pollution; protection; regulations; remediation; safety; water quality; water supply; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making sausage; earth science, the budget, and the virtual science agency AN - 51607151; 2006-028481 JF - Geotimes AU - Hitzman, Murray W Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 16 EP - 18 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 41 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - United States KW - geology KW - programs KW - Office of Science and Technology KW - funding KW - government agencies KW - policy KW - economics KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51607151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=Making+sausage%3B+earth+science%2C+the+budget%2C+and+the+virtual+science+agency&rft.au=Hitzman%2C+Murray+W&rft.aulast=Hitzman&rft.aufirst=Murray&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - economics; funding; geology; government agencies; Office of Science and Technology; policy; programs; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The road to embryologically based dose-response models. AN - 21259035; 11703635 AB - The goal of researchers working in the area of developmental toxicology is to prevent adverse reproductive outcomes (early pregnancy loss, birth defects, reduced birth weight, and altered functional development) in humans due to exposures to environmental contaminants, therapeutic drugs, and other factors. To best achieve that goal, it is important that relevant information be gathered and assimilated in the risk assessment process. One of the major challenges of improved risk assessment is to better use all pertinent biological and mechanistic information. This may be done qualitatively (e.g., demonstrating that the experimental model is not appropriate for extrapolation purposes); semiquantitatively (using information to reduce the degree of uncertainty present under default extrapolation procedures), or quantitatively (formally describing the relationships between exposure and adverse outcome in mathematical forms, including components that directly reflect individual steps in the overall progression of toxicity). In this paper we review the recent advances in the risk assessment process for developmental toxicants and hypothesize on future directions that may revolutionize our thinking in this area. The road to these changes sometimes appears to be a well-mapped course on a relatively smooth surface; at other times the path is bumpy and obscure, while at still other times it is only a wish in the eye of the engineer to cross an uncharted and rugged environment. Images Figure 11. A Figure 11. B JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Setzer, R W AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA., kavlock@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - Mar 1996 SP - 107 EP - 121 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 104 IS - Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Toxicants KW - Eye KW - Reviews KW - Dose-response effects KW - Congenital defects KW - birth weight KW - Toxicity KW - Drugs KW - Toxicology KW - Pregnancy KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21259035?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+road+to+embryologically+based+dose-response+models.&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BSetzer%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+1&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Eye; Toxicants; Dose-response effects; Reviews; birth weight; Congenital defects; Toxicity; Drugs; Toxicology; Pregnancy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activity profiles of antimutagens: in vitro and in vivo data. AN - 77999837; 8657173 AB - In this review, retinol, chlorophyllin, and N-acetylcysteine are examined and compared with regard to their antimutagenic activity against some promutagens and a group of direct-acting alkylating agents. The promutagens included aflatoxin B1, certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzo[a]pyrene), and certain heterocyclic amines (e.g., food pyrolysates). Results of antimutagenicity testing selected from data surveyed in the published literature are displayed graphically as activity profiles of antimutagens showing both the doses tested and the extent of inhibition or enhancement of mutagenic activity. All three antimutagens are discussed in terms of their putative mechanisms of action in vitro and in vivo with emphasis on the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme systems. JF - Mutation research AU - Waters, M D AU - Stack, H F AU - Jackson, M A AU - Brockman, H E AU - De Flora, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/02/19/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Feb 19 SP - 109 EP - 129 VL - 350 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Antimutagenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Chlorophyllides KW - Heterocyclic Compounds KW - Mutagens KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Vitamin A KW - 11103-57-4 KW - chlorophyllin KW - 1D276TYV9O KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Aflatoxin B1 KW - 9N2N2Y55MH KW - Acetylcysteine KW - WYQ7N0BPYC KW - Index Medicus KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Heterocyclic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Aflatoxin B1 -- toxicity KW - Antimutagenic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Vitamin A -- pharmacology KW - Chlorophyllides -- pharmacology KW - Acetylcysteine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77999837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Activity+profiles+of+antimutagens%3A+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+data.&rft.au=Waters%2C+M+D%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BJackson%2C+M+A%3BBrockman%2C+H+E%3BDe+Flora%2C+S&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-02-19&rft.volume=350&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans at the part per trillion level in United States beef fat using high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. AN - 78651871; 8999739 AB - As part of the U.S. EPA Dioxin Reassessment Program, the 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans were measured at part per trillion (ppt) levels in beef fat collected from slaughter facilities in the United States. This is the first statistically designed national survey of these compounds in the U.S. beef supply. Analyte concentrations were determined by high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry, using isotope dilution methodology. Method limits of detection on a whole weight basis were 0.05 ppt for TCDD and 0.10 ppt for TCDF, 0.50 ppt for the pentas (PeCDDs/PeCDFs)/hexas (HxCDDs/HxCDFs)/heptas (HpCDDs/HpCDFs), and 3.00 ppt for the octas (OCDD/OCDF). Method detection and quantitation limits were established on the basis of demonstrated performance criteria utilizing fortified samples rather than by conventional signal-to-noise or variability of response methods. The background subtraction procedures developed for this study minimized the likelihood of false positives and increased the confidence associated with reported values near the detection limits. Mean and median values for each of the 2,3,7,8-Cl-substituted dioxins and furans are reported, along with the supporting information required for their interpretation. The mean toxic equivalence values for the samples are 0.35 ppt (nondetects = 0) and 0.89 ppt (nondetects = 1/2 LOD). JF - Analytical chemistry AU - Ferrario, J AU - Byrne, C AU - McDaniel, D AU - Dupuy, A AU - Harless, R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, John C. Stennis Space Center, Mississippi 39529, USA. Y1 - 1996/02/15/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Feb 15 SP - 647 EP - 652 VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dietary Fats KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Calibration KW - Quality Control KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Dietary Fats -- analysis KW - Meat -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78651871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Determination+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-chlorine-substituted+dibenzo-p-dioxins+and+-furans+at+the+part+per+trillion+level+in+United+States+beef+fat+using+high-resolution+gas+chromatography%2Fhigh-resolution+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Ferrario%2C+J%3BByrne%2C+C%3BMcDaniel%2C+D%3BDupuy%2C+A%3BHarless%2C+R&rft.aulast=Ferrario&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-02-15&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+chemistry&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responsiveness of hepatocytes from dichloroacetic acid or phenobarbital treated mice to growth factors in primary culture. AN - 77994026; 8616822 AB - Hepatocytes isolated from male B6C3F1 mice and maintained in primary culture were exposed to epidermal growth factor (EGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) alone or in combination with the mitoinhibitory transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1). Groups of mice were exposed to 3.5 g/l dichloroacetic acid (DCA), 0.1% phenobarbital (PB) or the drinking water vehicle for 0, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, or 90 days. Following a 2 h attachment period, the growth factors with or without TGF-beta 1 were added together with [3H]thymidine. The cells were harvested 48 h later and the incorporation of the labeled thymidine into cellular DNA was determined. Basal DNA synthesis was enhanced following 2 days of PB treatment after which it declined to levels significantly below that in the untreated mice. No early time enhancement of DNA synthesis was measured in the hepatocyte cultures for animals exposed to DCA, but the late time inhibition was also seen. Primary cultures of hepatocytes isolated from control and DCA treated mice exhibited similarly enhanced DNA synthesis in response to eGF, HGF, or aFGF alone or in combination with TGF-beta 1. In contrast, hepatocytes from PB treated animals were refractory to the effects of the growth factors at all time periods. These data suggest that the early depression of cell proliferation we have seen during DCA induced hepatocellular cancer is not due to an impaired ability of hepatocytes to respond to growth factors and that the mechanisms of liver tumorigenesis in the mouse induced by PB and DCA are dissimilar. JF - Cancer letters AU - Tsai, W H AU - DeAngelo, A B AD - EPA/UNC-CH Toxicology Research Program, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/02/06/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Feb 06 SP - 177 EP - 183 VL - 99 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Growth Substances KW - 0 KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 KW - 104781-85-3 KW - Epidermal Growth Factor KW - 62229-50-9 KW - Hepatocyte Growth Factor KW - 67256-21-7 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Thymidine KW - VC2W18DGKR KW - Phenobarbital KW - YQE403BP4D KW - Index Medicus KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Hepatocyte Growth Factor -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- pharmacology KW - Thymidine -- metabolism KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Male KW - Phenobarbital -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- cytology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Growth Substances -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - DNA -- biosynthesis KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- pharmacology KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77994026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Responsiveness+of+hepatocytes+from+dichloroacetic+acid+or+phenobarbital+treated+mice+to+growth+factors+in+primary+culture.&rft.au=Tsai%2C+W+H%3BDeAngelo%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Tsai&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-02-06&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-06-13 N1 - Date created - 1996-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Possible confounding effects of strobe "clicks" on flash evoked potentials in rats. AN - 85270293; pmid-8838613 AB - Flash evoked potentials (FEPs) undergo within- and between-session changes and are modified by auditory white noise (26). We examined whether an auditory potential produced by the "click" associated with the strobe discharge could be recorded, and if alterations in an auditory response could explain the within- and between-session changes in FEPs. We also examined differences between a frontal cortex or a nasal reference electrode location on FEPs and auditory potentials. An auditory potential associated with the strobe discharge could be clearly recorded. This response was eliminated by the presence of 80 dB SPL masking white noise. However, the within- and between-session changes in FEPs could not be explained by modifications of the auditory potential. Animals whose ear drums were ruptured did not exhibit an auditory response, and their FEPs were similar to those of controls tested in the presence of masking white noise. A nasal reference electrode decreased the impact of auditory potentials on FEPs, but allow visual potentials (electroretinogram and optic tract activity) to influence FEPs. The data show that auditory potentials associated with the strobe discharge can be recorded from the visual cortex of rats, and that these auditory responses represent a possible confounding factor in the interpretation of toxicological studies employing FEPs. JF - Physiology & Behavior AU - Herr, D W AU - Vo, K T AU - King, D AU - Boyes, W K AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 325 EP - 340 VL - 59 IS - 2 SN - 0031-9384, 0031-9384 KW - Rats KW - Visual Cortex KW - Artifacts KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual KW - Animal KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory KW - Attention KW - Perceptual Masking KW - Male KW - Photic Stimulation KW - Electroencephalography KW - Acoustic Stimulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85270293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.atitle=Possible+confounding+effects+of+strobe+%22clicks%22+on+flash+evoked+potentials+in+rats.&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BVo%2C+K+T%3BKing%2C+D%3BBoyes%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.issn=00319384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Future of environmental pollution. AN - 85205212; pmid-8637755 AB - In recent years, the concept of pollution prevention has overtaken end-of-pipe controls as the paradigm of choice for effecting environmental protection. Through cooperative mechanisms, significant progress is being made to reduce or eliminate upstream processes and practices that can lead to downstream pollution. These efforts, coupled with productive interactions with the public, are making an impact. The Science Advisory Board released a report in January that described the "next wave" of pollution prevention. Specifically, the report described approaches for anticipating environmental problems of tomorrow so that preventive actions can be taken today. The potential of air pollution problems figures prominently in the Board's vision of the future. JF - Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery AU - Barnes, D G AD - Science Advisory Board, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 292 EP - 294 VL - 114 IS - 2 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - United States KW - Public Health KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Human KW - Risk Factors KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Forecasting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85205212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Future+of+environmental+pollution.&rft.au=Barnes%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution in the United States. AN - 85204582; pmid-8637744 JF - Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery AU - Nichols, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 253 EP - 254 VL - 114 IS - 2 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Human KW - Air Pollutants, Environmental KW - Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85204582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Nichols%2C+M&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A statistical survey of dioxin-like compounds in United States beef: a progress report. AN - 78522028; 8907224 AB - The USEPA and the USDA have completed the first statistically designed survey of the occurrence and concentration of CDDs and CDFs in the fat of beef animals raised for human consumption in the United States. Back fat was sampled from 63 carcasses at federally inspected slaughter establishments nationwide. The sample design called for sampling beef animal classes in proportion to national annual slaughter statistics. All samples were analyzed using a modification of EPA method 1613, using isotope dilution, High Resolution GC/MS to determine the rate of occurrence of 2,3,7,8-substituted CDDs/CDFS. The whole weight method detection limits ranged from 0.05 ng kg-1 for TCDD to 3 ng kg-1 for OCDD. The results of this survey showed a mean concentration (reported as I-TEQ, lipid adjusted) in U.S. beef animals of 0.35 ng kg-1 and 0.89 ng kg-1 when either non-detects are treated as 0 value or assigned a value of 1/2 the detection limit, respectively. JF - Chemosphere AU - Winters, D AU - Cleverly, D AU - Meier, K AU - Dupuy, A AU - Byrne, C AU - Deyrup, C AU - Ellis, R AU - Ferrario, J AU - Harless, R AU - Leese, W AU - Lorber, M AU - McDaniel, D AU - Schaum, J AU - Walcott, J AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 469 EP - 478 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Animals KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Cattle KW - United States Department of Agriculture KW - Dioxins -- analysis KW - Food Contamination -- statistics & numerical data KW - Meat -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78522028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=A+statistical+survey+of+dioxin-like+compounds+in+United+States+beef%3A+a+progress+report.&rft.au=Winters%2C+D%3BCleverly%2C+D%3BMeier%2C+K%3BDupuy%2C+A%3BByrne%2C+C%3BDeyrup%2C+C%3BEllis%2C+R%3BFerrario%2C+J%3BHarless%2C+R%3BLeese%2C+W%3BLorber%2C+M%3BMcDaniel%2C+D%3BSchaum%2C+J%3BWalcott%2C+J&rft.aulast=Winters&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-06 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2,4-Dithiobiuret in rats: cognitive facilitation after acute injection precedes motor impairment after repeated daily injections. AN - 78385620; 8833420 AB - 2,4-Dithiobiuret (DTB) is a sulfonated derivative of urea that is used as a reducing agent in chemical manufacture. Its low acute toxicity to rodents belies a peripherally mediated, delayed-onset muscle weakness which develops during repeated daily exposure. In experiment 1, a standard dose regimen of DTB (0.5 mg/kg per day IP for 5 days) was used to induce motor dysfunction as a way to dissociate peripheral and central influences on a test of cognitive and motor function in rats. Sixteen male rats were trained to perform a Delayed Matching-to-Position/Visual Discrimination (DMTP/VD) task which permits quantification of working memory (matching accuracy), reference memory (discrimination accuracy), and motor function (choice response latency and nosepoke inter-response time, IRT). The first dose of DTB significantly increased matching accuracy; during the following week, DTB reduced matching accuracy, increased choice response latency and nosepoke IRT, and reduced trial completion. Discrimination accuracy remained unaffected. Experiment 2 explored the effects of single administrations of DTB on DMTP/VD. Sixteen other trained rats were divided into two groups with equal matching accuracy. One group received DTB (0.5,1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg, IP) in separate injections at least 1 week apart; the other group received vehicle at the same times. Matching accuracy increased significantly in the treated rats and not in the controls following each dose of DTB. The magnitude of this increase was dose dependent, and lasted from 1 to 8 weeks after each injection. Discrimination accuracy, response latency, nosepoke IRT and trial completion remained unaffected throughout the study. After DTB, matching accuracy was less easily disrupted by scopolamine (0.1-0.3 mg/kg, IP). However, DTB did not alter the rats' response to reducing the distance between the response levers, to reversal of the matching rule to a nonmatching rule, or to challenge with MK-801 (0.05-0.10 mg/kg, IP). These data indicate that acute DTB causes a long-lasting facilitation of working memory in rats in the absence of any of the indications of motor impairment which follow repeated, daily injections of the chemical. JF - Psychopharmacology AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Oshiro, W M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 267 EP - 279 VL - 123 IS - 3 SN - 0033-3158, 0033-3158 KW - Thiourea KW - GYV9AM2QAG KW - 2,4-dithiobiuret KW - T40X2KXL53 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Animals KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Thiourea -- pharmacology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Thiourea -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78385620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=2%2C4-Dithiobiuret+in+rats%3A+cognitive+facilitation+after+acute+injection+precedes+motor+impairment+after+repeated+daily+injections.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BOshiro%2C+W+M&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology&rft.issn=00333158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-13 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is ingested inorganic arsenic a "threshold" carcinogen? AN - 78199632; 8742312 AB - Ingested inorganic arsenic (As) is known to be a human carcinogen. An intriguing question is whether there is a threshold for the carcinogenic effects of As, i.e., is there a level below which it does not induce the development of cancer(s)? This Roundtable will discuss the United States Environmental Protection Agency's As risk assessment using the Taiwan data from different viewpoints. It will also consider the hypothesis that there is a threshold for As and data for or against this hypothesis. For example, some scientists believe that epidemiological data cannot answer this question, while others feel that different study designs and larger sampling will provide adequate data. Reasons for each position are given. This Roundtable discussion demonstrates the controversy surrounding the use of the Taiwan data for risk assessment. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Abernathy, C O AU - Chappell, W R AU - Meek, M E AU - Gibb, H AU - Guo, H R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 168 EP - 175 VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Sulfhydryl Reagents KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Canada KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Taiwan -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Arsenic Poisoning KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Sulfhydryl Reagents -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78199632?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Is+ingested+inorganic+arsenic+a+%22threshold%22+carcinogen%3F&rft.au=Abernathy%2C+C+O%3BChappell%2C+W+R%3BMeek%2C+M+E%3BGibb%2C+H%3BGuo%2C+H+R&rft.aulast=Abernathy&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity risk assessment: consensus building, hypothesis formulation, and focused research. AN - 78183335; 8744591 AB - Risk assessment for developmental toxicity has become more defined over the last decade and the most recent EPA guidelines for developmental toxicity risk assessment were published in 1991. Development of approaches for risk assessment in this area have relied on building of consensus opinion among experts about the interpretation of developmental toxicity data. These discussions have aided in strengthening the scientific basis for risk assessment for developmental toxicity, including the default assumptions that must be used when more complete information on mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetics are unavailable. Such discussions continue on both a national and international basis. The EPA risk assessment guidelines outlined several major areas of research needed to strengthen risk assessment for developmental toxicity and led to the formulation of hypotheses to be tested in focused research projects. Several major research efforts have focused on dose-related mechanisms and biologically based modeling of specific agents, physiologically based pharmacokinetic models of pregnancy that can be scaled across species, and the influence of dose and duration of exposure on developmental outcomes, as well as the delineation of specific biomarkers of adverse developmental effects. Although such research initiatives will require a long-term effort, it is important that attention be focused now on those approaches that can improve the risk assessment process to avoid continued reliance on default approaches that have been used for the past 30 years or more. The impact of the EPA Guidelines for Developmental Toxicity Risk Assessment has been widespread. One of the main purposes for developing risk assessment guidelines by EPA was to communicate procedures to risk assessors inside the agency in an effort to promote consistency. In addition, the guidelines were to communicate to those outside the agency in private industry and other regulatory agencies how EPA would evaluate and interpret data. The developmental toxicity guidelines have standardized terminology used in developmental toxicity risk assessments. They also have influenced the revision of testing guidelines and the writing of new guidelines, such as the developmental neurotoxicity testing guidelines. More extensive use of developmental toxicity data within the RfD/RfC process was influenced by the guidelines, as well. More recently, the risk assessment guidelines have had a major impact on the harmonization of international testing and risk assessment guidelines through cooperative efforts with the World Health Organization under the auspices of the International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). We foresee these types of interagency and international cooperative efforts continuing as we attempt to make more efficient use of the limited resources available for testing, risk assessment, and research to better understand and prevent developmental toxicity. JF - Drug metabolism reviews AU - Kimmel, C A AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment (8602), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 85 EP - 103 VL - 28 IS - 1-2 SN - 0360-2532, 0360-2532 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Developmental Disabilities -- chemically induced KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Child KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Child Development -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78183335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+risk+assessment%3A+consensus+building%2C+hypothesis+formulation%2C+and+focused+research.&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.issn=03602532&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution and current status of neurotoxicity risk assessment. AN - 78181456; 8744593 AB - The U.S. EPA neurotoxicity risk assessment guidelines define neurotoxicity as the capacity of chemical, biological, or physical agents to cause an adverse functional or structural change in the peripheral or central nervous system. Chemical-induced changes in the structure or persistent changes in behavior, neurochemistry, or neurophysiology of the nervous system are regarded as neurotoxic effects. Reversible effects occurring at doses that could endanger performance in the workplace, are associated with a known neurotoxicological mechanism of action, covary with a known neurotoxicological effect, or are latent effects uncovered by pharmacological or environmental challenge, could be considered to be neurotoxic effects. It should also be noted that even if a chemical-induced change in neurobiological function or structure does not meet the criteria established for a neurotoxic effect, the alteration could still be considered as adverse and used in a regulatory decision. Adverse effects detected by neurobiological procedures should not, however, necessarily lead to the conclusion that the chemical is a neurotoxicant. At the present time,the default RfD uncertainty factor approach is used for neurotoxicological data. A number of other safety factor approaches and quantitation dose-response models have been proposed for evaluating neurotoxicological data. However, a very limited number of comparisons have been made between the RfD approach and alternatives. In summary, neurotoxicity is one of several noncancer and points currently being used by regulatory agencies. The effective utilization of neurobiological measures to assess chemical-induced changes in the structure and function of the nervous system depends on properly designed studies and elimination of potential confounding variables that obscure interpretation of data from toxicological studies. JF - Drug metabolism reviews AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 121 EP - 139 VL - 28 IS - 1-2 SN - 0360-2532, 0360-2532 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Decision Trees KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Public Health -- standards KW - Male KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Neurotoxins -- adverse effects KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78181456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.atitle=Evolution+and+current+status+of+neurotoxicity+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.issn=03602532&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor particles: a review. AN - 78133416; 8846246 AB - This paper reviews studies of particle concentrations and sources in homes and buildings. Three major studies of indoor and outdoor concentrations in U.S. homes are summarized in detail and compared. A number of smaller studies in homes are also briefly summarized. One study of 38 buildings and several smaller studies of buildings are also reviewed. All major studies found that an important indoor source of fine and coarse particles was cigarette smoking, with estimated increases in homes with smokers ranging from 25 to 45 micrograms/m3 PM2.5. Several studies identified cooking as a second important source. All of the three major studies found a substantial portion of indoor particles to be due to unexplained indoor sources, suggesting a topic for future research. One study also found a large unexplained increase in personal exposure to PM10 compared to concurrent indoor or outdoor concentrations--the so-called "personal cloud," a second topic for further research. The impact of outdoor air particles on indoor concentrations was considered. Equilibrium mass balance models indicate that this is a function of the penetration P through the building envelope, the air exchange rate a, and the particle decay rate k. EPA's PTEAM Study provided an estimate for k of 0.39 h-1 for fine particles and 1.01 h-1 for coarse particles. Two studies suggest that P = 1 for PM10. Using these results, the fraction of outdoor air PM2.5 and PM10 particles found indoors at a given air exchange rate can be calculated. The protective effect of reducing air exchange rates during periods of high outdoor particle pollution can thus be quantified. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Wallace, L AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Warrenton, Virginia. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 98 EP - 126 VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Air Pollution, Indoor UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78133416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Indoor+particles%3A+a+review.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of the Delaney Clause in the EPA. AN - 78086424; 8672877 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency serves as the lead agency of the Federal government for the regulation of pesticide use in the United States. Regulatory responsibilities are mandated in the Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and several sections of the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA). In order for a pesticide to be used in the U.S., it must either be granted a full registration under Section 3, or offered special consideration under Section 18 or 24 of FIFRA. Tolerances (maximum allowable residue limits) for pesticides to be used on agricultural commodities meant for human consumption or animal feed are established under Sections 408 and/or 409 of FFDCA. This presentation will describe the underlying conflict between Section 409 of FFDCA and both Section 408 and FIFRA, the recommendations made by the National Academy of Sciences in its 1987 publication Regulating Pesticides in Food--The Delaney Paradox, EPA's attempts to implement these recommendations, the true impact of "Delaney" on the ability of EPA to grant tolerances on raw or processed foods for chemicals determined to meet the "induce cancer" criterion and the status of legislation designed to "fix" Delaney. JF - Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie AU - Fenner-Crisp, P A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., USA. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 199 EP - 200 VL - 48 IS - 2-3 SN - 0940-2993, 0940-2993 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Flavoring Agents KW - Food Additives KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Carcinogens -- standards KW - Flavoring Agents -- standards KW - Food Additives -- standards KW - Risk Assessment KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - United States Food and Drug Administration -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Pesticide Residues -- standards KW - Food Technology -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78086424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+and+toxicologic+pathology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Gesellschaft+fur+Toxikologische+Pathologie&rft.atitle=Impact+of+the+Delaney+Clause+in+the+EPA.&rft.au=Fenner-Crisp%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Fenner-Crisp&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+and+toxicologic+pathology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Gesellschaft+fur+Toxikologische+Pathologie&rft.issn=09402993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-15 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health implications of nitrate and nitrite in drinking water: an update on methemoglobinemia occurrence and reproductive and developmental toxicity. AN - 78021178; 8628918 AB - In 1987, an evaluation of the nitrate drinking water standard was performed with a primary focus on the effects of nitrate on methemoglobinemia and reproductive/developmental effects (Fan et al. (1987). Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 7, 135-148). The present review presents an updated overview and evaluation of the available information on the same health effects of nitrate and nitrite with an emphasis on data not included in the previous review, which should be used as a compendium to this report. Recent epidemiologic data have suggested an association between developmental effects in offspring and the maternal ingestion of nitrate from drinking water, but a definite conclusion on the cause and effect relationship cannot be drawn. Animal experimental data have shown reproductive toxicity associated with high exposure levels to nitrate or nitrite, which are not likely to be encountered in drinking water. No teratogenic effects were observed in rats, mice, rabbits, and hamsters tested. Several cases of methemoglobinemia have been reported in infants in the United States using water containing nitrate at levels higher than the current maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 45 ppm (mg/liter) nitrate (NO3) or 10 ppm nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate-N), but none at or lower than the MCL. The uncertainties in the data base are discussed, noting that no uncertainty factor was applied in deriving the MCL in order to account for the uncertainties that exist in the data base. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Fan, A M AU - Steinberg, V E AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 35 EP - 43 VL - 23 IS - 1 Pt 1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Nitrates KW - Nitrites KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Water Supply -- standards KW - Humans KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Female KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens -- adverse effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Nitrites -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Nitrites -- adverse effects KW - Nitrates -- toxicity KW - Methemoglobinemia -- chemically induced KW - Nitrates -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78021178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Health+implications+of+nitrate+and+nitrite+in+drinking+water%3A+an+update+on+methemoglobinemia+occurrence+and+reproductive+and+developmental+toxicity.&rft.au=Fan%2C+A+M%3BSteinberg%2C+V+E&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1+Pt+1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-06-27 N1 - Date created - 1996-06-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FAUNMAP; an electronic database for mapping changes in the distributions of late Quaternary mammals in the United States AN - 52857195; 1996-032349 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Graham, Russell W AU - Lundelius, Ernest L, Jr AU - Graham, Mary Ann AU - Schroeder, Erich K AU - Cloos, Mark Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 16 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Chordata KW - Quaternary KW - Mammalia KW - mapping KW - FAUNMAP KW - biogeography KW - distribution KW - Cenozoic KW - upper Quaternary KW - data bases KW - Vertebrata KW - Tetrapoda KW - changes KW - 11:Vertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52857195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=FAUNMAP%3B+an+electronic+database+for+mapping+changes+in+the+distributions+of+late+Quaternary+mammals+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Graham%2C+Russell+W%3BLundelius%2C+Ernest+L%2C+Jr%3BGraham%2C+Mary+Ann%3BSchroeder%2C+Erich+K%3BCloos%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 30th annual meeting of the Geological Society of America, South-Central Section and associated societies N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogeography; Cenozoic; changes; Chordata; data bases; distribution; FAUNMAP; Mammalia; mapping; Quaternary; Tetrapoda; United States; upper Quaternary; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capacity-building for restoring degraded areas of the Great Lakes Basin AN - 52811096; 1996-065016 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Law, N L AU - Hartig, J H AU - Epstein, D AU - Fuller, K AU - Letterhos, J AU - Krantzberg, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 75 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - methods KW - North America KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - habitat KW - dredging KW - beaches KW - planning KW - Great Lakes KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52811096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Capacity-building+for+restoring+degraded+areas+of+the+Great+Lakes+Basin&rft.au=Law%2C+N+L%3BHartig%2C+J+H%3BEpstein%2C+D%3BFuller%2C+K%3BLetterhos%2C+J%3BKrantzberg%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Law&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 31st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - beaches; dredging; ecosystems; Great Lakes; habitat; land use; methods; North America; planning; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Condition of New Mexico rangelands derived from multi-year AVHRR imagery and associated spatial variables AN - 52806778; 1996-070739 JF - Proceedings of the Thematic Conference on Geologic Remote Sensing AU - Lancaster, Judith AU - Wade, Timothy AU - Minor, Timothy AU - Whitford, Walter AU - Jones, Bruce Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - I.247 EP - I.256 PB - Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI VL - 11 SN - 1067-0106, 1067-0106 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - ecosystems KW - New Mexico KW - vegetation KW - satellite methods KW - AVHRR KW - spatial variations KW - infrared methods KW - surveys KW - ecology KW - landscapes KW - rangelands KW - land use KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52806778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Condition+of+New+Mexico+rangelands+derived+from+multi-year+AVHRR+imagery+and+associated+spatial+variables&rft.au=Lancaster%2C+Judith%3BWade%2C+Timothy%3BMinor%2C+Timothy%3BWhitford%2C+Walter%3BJones%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Lancaster&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=I.247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=10670106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh thematic conference on Applied geologic remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; AVHRR; ecology; ecosystems; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; imagery; infrared methods; land use; landscapes; New Mexico; rangelands; remote sensing; satellite methods; spatial variations; surveys; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stochastic properties of wavelet transformations AN - 52803336; 1996-070810 JF - Proceedings of the Thematic Conference on Geologic Remote Sensing AU - Yfantis, E A AU - Flatman, G T AU - Edmonds, C M Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - II.179 EP - II.187 PB - Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI VL - 11 SN - 1067-0106, 1067-0106 KW - high-resolution methods KW - wavelets KW - stochastic processes KW - mathematical methods KW - statistical analysis KW - transformations KW - remote sensing KW - covariance analysis KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52803336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Stochastic+properties+of+wavelet+transformations&rft.au=Yfantis%2C+E+A%3BFlatman%2C+G+T%3BEdmonds%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Yfantis&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=II.179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=10670106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh thematic conference on Applied geologic remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; covariance analysis; high-resolution methods; mathematical methods; remote sensing; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; transformations; wavelets ER - TY - JOUR T1 - White House, Congress rethink national earthquake strategy AN - 52764975; 1997-005691 JF - Geotimes AU - Applegate, David AU - Hitzman, Murray W Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 15 EP - 16 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - programs KW - geologic hazards KW - public policy KW - legislation KW - policy KW - earthquakes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52764975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=White+House%2C+Congress+rethink+national+earthquake+strategy&rft.au=Applegate%2C+David%3BHitzman%2C+Murray+W&rft.aulast=Applegate&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - earthquakes; geologic hazards; legislation; policy; programs; public policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectra of chemical fractions of a complex mixture: role of nitroarenes in the mutagenic specificity of municipal waste incinerator emissions. AN - 77977115; 8569781 AB - Using an ion-exchange procedure coupled to a microsuspension Salmonella assay, we fractionated the dichloromethane-extractable particulate organics emitted by a municipal waste incinerator. Most (80-95%) of the mutagenic activity resided in the neutral/base fraction; however, the polar neutral fraction accounted for 12% of the direct-acting mutagenic activity. The mutagenic potencies of the whole extract and the various fractions were 4-15 times greater in the absence than in the presence of S9. Results with strains deficient in classical nitroreductase (TA98NR) and transacetylase (TA98/1,8-DNP6) indicated that a majority of the direct-acting mutagenicity was due to nitroarenes. This was confirmed by bioassay-directed subfractionation of the neutral/base faction by a cyanopropyl/HPLC method. The mutations in -3,000 revertants (approximately 400 each induced in TA98 by the whole extract, the neutral/base and polar neutral fractions from the ion-exchange column and 3 of the neural/base subfractions from the HPLC column; along with 200 revertants each induced by the model nitroarene 1-nitropyrene (1NP) in strains TA98, TA1538 and TA100) were analyzed by probe hybridization and PCR/DNA sequence analysis. The results indicated that nitroarenes such as 1NP that eluted in the neutral/base fraction accounted for at least 50% of the direct-acting mutagenicity and induced only a hotspot 2-base deletion in the sequence (CG)4 in TA98. In contrast, most of the complex frameshifts (a frameshift with a flanking base substitution) induced by the whole extract were induced by nitroarenes other than 1NP that were activated by transacetylation and that eluted in the polar neutral fraction. This study (1) identifies nitroarenes as an important contributor to the mutagenic activity of the emissions from municipal waste incinerators; (2) confirms our previous conclusion that the mutation spectrum of a complex mixture reflects the dominance of particular classes of chemical mutagens within the mixture; and (3) demonstrates the possibility of isolating certain chemical fractions of a complex mixture that induce certain classes of mutations produced by the whole, unfractionated mixture. JF - Mutation research AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Shelton, M L AU - Bell, D A AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/01/17/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jan 17 SP - 1 EP - 20 VL - 349 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Pyrenes KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 1-nitropyrene KW - TD1665I8Q4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Frameshift Mutation KW - Pyrenes -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Salmonella KW - Male KW - Incineration KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77977115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectra+of+chemical+fractions+of+a+complex+mixture%3A+role+of+nitroarenes+in+the+mutagenic+specificity+of+municipal+waste+incinerator+emissions.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BBell%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-17&rft.volume=349&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk-based concentrations: prioritizing environmental problems using limited data. AN - 77968553; 8571397 AB - A difficult task faced by regulatory agencies is that of choosing, on the basis of limited data, which environmental problems to address. This paper incorporates USEPA risk assessment methods into a quantitative approach for prioritizing locations, contaminants and media according to potential health risk. USEPA has developed either a reference dose (a chronic dose without adverse effect) or slope factor (upper bound lifetime cancer risk per mg.kg-1.d-1) for many substances. This work combines these 'toxicological constants' with predetermined risk levels (either a 10(-6) cancer risk or a chronic intake equal to the reference dose) and protective human exposure assumptions (e.g. 70-kg body mass, 30-year exposure, 2-1.d-1 drinking water ingestion, etc.) to produce risk-based concentrations for 596 contaminants in air, drinking water, edible fish and soil. Because USEPA designed its methods to estimate upper bound risks, these risk-based concentrations are likely to be protective of human health. Regulatory officials can use this information to calculate numerical ratios between measured environmental levels and risk-based concentrations. These ratios serve as a surrogate for potential health impacts and can be used to prioritize problems for attention. Ratio calculation and ranking can be automated for searches of computerized environmental databases. JF - Toxicology AU - Smith, R L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. Y1 - 1996/01/08/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jan 08 SP - 243 EP - 266 VL - 106 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Water Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Child KW - Soil Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Health Priorities KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77968553?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Risk-based+concentrations%3A+prioritizing+environmental+problems+using+limited+data.&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-08&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenite, but not cadmium, induces ornithine decarboxylase and heme oxygenase activity in rat liver: relevance to arsenic carcinogenesis. AN - 77951626; 8556713 AB - Sodium arsenite and cadmium chloride, were administered orally to adult female rats at 21 and 4 h prior to sacrifice. Liver, lung, skin and urinary bladder were the tissues studied. DNA damage, cytochrome P450, glutathione content (GSH), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), serum alanine aminotransferase and heme oxygenase activity were measured. Sodium arsenite increased rat hepatic ODC activity at 1.6 and 24.6 mg/kg and hepatic heme oxygenase activity at 8.2 and 24.6 mg/kg, but did not cause any DNA damage. Cadmium chloride did not affect any of the six parameters tested. These findings suggest that sodium arsenite may be a promoter rather than an initiator of carcinogenesis. JF - Cancer letters AU - Brown, J L AU - Kitchin, K T AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/01/02/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jan 02 SP - 227 EP - 231 VL - 98 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Arsenites KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Chlorides KW - Sodium Compounds KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - sodium arsenite KW - 48OVY2OC72 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) KW - EC 1.14.14.18 KW - Alanine Transaminase KW - EC 2.6.1.2 KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase KW - EC 4.1.1.17 KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Cadmium Chloride KW - J6K4F9V3BA KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - DNA Damage KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Alanine Transaminase -- blood KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- enzymology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Female KW - Chlorides -- toxicity KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) -- biosynthesis KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Arsenites -- toxicity KW - Sodium Compounds -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Ornithine Decarboxylase -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77951626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Arsenite%2C+but+not+cadmium%2C+induces+ornithine+decarboxylase+and+heme+oxygenase+activity+in+rat+liver%3A+relevance+to+arsenic+carcinogenesis.&rft.au=Brown%2C+J+L%3BKitchin%2C+K+T&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-02&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater quality characterization in Ohio; a revised view of the ambient network component AN - 928893429; 2012-031882 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Bamberger, Mark J W A2 - Smath, Meg A2 - Rulo, Collie Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 97 EP - 98 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 41 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - wellhead protection KW - monitoring KW - sampling KW - drainage basins KW - pollution KW - water wells KW - Ohio KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/928893429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=Groundwater+quality+characterization+in+Ohio%3B+a+revised+view+of+the+ambient+network+component&rft.au=Bamberger%2C+Mark+J+W&rft.aulast=Bamberger&rft.aufirst=Mark+J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 41st annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drainage basins; ground water; monitoring; Ohio; pollution; sampling; United States; water quality; water wells; wellhead protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground water response requirements under Ohio's voluntary action program AN - 928893421; 2012-031839 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Patzke, Jeff A2 - Smath, Meg A2 - Rulo, Collie Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 21 EP - 22 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 41 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - programs KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Ohio KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/928893421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=Ground+water+response+requirements+under+Ohio%27s+voluntary+action+program&rft.au=Patzke%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Patzke&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 41st annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; Ohio; pollution; programs; regulations; remediation; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maturational differences in chlorpyrifos-oxonase activity may contribute to age-related sensitivity to chlorpyrifos. AN - 78749903; 9265078 AB - Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a commonly used cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticide, is lethal at much lower doses to young animals than adults. To explain this higher sensitivity in younger animals, we hypothesized that young rats have less chlorpyrifos-oxonase (CPFOase) activity than adults. To test this hypothesis, CPFOase activity was measured in the brain, plasma, and liver of male, postnatal day 4 (PND4) and adult (PND90) Long-Evans rats. CPFOase is biochemically defined as a Ca(2+)-dependent A-esterase that hydrolyzes chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPFO), the active metabolite of CPE. No brain CPFOase activity was detected at either age. Plasma and liver CPFOase activities were markedly lower at PND4 compared to adult: PND4 plasma and liver CPFOase activities were 1/11 and 1/2 the adult plasma and liver activities, respectively. Because the Km of CPFOase activity was high (i.e., 210-380 microM), it was important to determine if this CPFOase activity could hydrolyze physiologically relevant concentrations (i.e., nM to low microM) of CPFO. This was accomplished by comparing the shifts in the tissue acetylcholinesterase (AChE) IC50 for CPFO in the presence or absence of CPFOase activity. One would expect an increase in the "apparent" IC50 if CPFOase hydrolyzes substantial amounts of CPFO during the 30 minutes the tissue is preincubated with the CPFO. In the adult, both plasma and liver AChE apparent IC50 values were higher in the presence of CPFOase activity, suggesting that the CPFOase in those tissues was capable of hydrolyzing physiologically relevant concentrations of CPFO within 30 minutes. In young animals, however, there was less of a shift in the IC50 curves compared to the adult, confirming that the young animal has less capacity than the adult to detoxify physiologically relevant concentrations of CPFO via CPFOase. JF - Journal of biochemical toxicology AU - Mortensen, S R AU - Chanda, S M AU - Hooper, M J AU - Padilla, S AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 279 EP - 287 VL - 11 IS - 6 SN - 0887-2082, 0887-2082 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Esterases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - chlorpyrifos-oxonase KW - EC 3.1.8.- KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Kinetics KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Esterases -- metabolism KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- metabolism KW - Esterases -- blood KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- blood KW - Brain -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78749903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Maturational+differences+in+chlorpyrifos-oxonase+activity+may+contribute+to+age-related+sensitivity+to+chlorpyrifos.&rft.au=Mortensen%2C+S+R%3BChanda%2C+S+M%3BHooper%2C+M+J%3BPadilla%2C+S&rft.aulast=Mortensen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.issn=08872082&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Visual contrast sensitivity deficits in Bohemian children. AN - 78716923; 9086482 AB - Visual contrast sensitivity (VCS) tests have been used successfully in medical diagnosis and subclinical neurotoxicity detection. This paper reports VCS measurements in three studies of children in the Czech Republic. Study 1 compared children in standard schools and schools for the learning disabled. Studies 2 and 3 compared children in Teplice, an area in which soft-brown coal combustion produced high levels of pollutants (e.g. Hg, As, SO2, NOx, and aromatic hydrocarbons), with children in areas of low air pollution, Znojmo and/or Prachatice. It was hypothesized that in utero exposure to the combustion products disrupted neurological development (Sram, 1991). The VCS test (Stereo Optical Co.) consisted of circular fields containing sinusoidal gratings at 5 spatial frequencies (1.5-18 cycles/degree) and various levels of contrast. Subjects indicated orientation of the gratings by pointing left, up, or right. Visual acuity and VCS were measured in each eye of 74 children in Study 1,327 second-grade children in Study 2, and 426 fourth-grade children in Study 3. Hair samples were collected in Studies 2 and 3 analyzed for Hg and As content. Children attending schools for the learning disabled scored significantly lower than controls on VCS, whereas visual acuity was normal. The deficit was greatest at mid- to high spatial frequency. In Study 2, significant VCS deficits were seen in exposed second-grade children at low to mid-spatial frequency, even though visual acuity was slightly above control level. Regression analyses showed that VCS had no relationship to As, but a significant negative correlation with hair Hg was observed in the exposed district. However, current Hg levels were higher in Prachatice. VCS deficits were not observed in the fourth-grade students of Teplice in Study 3. The results of Study 1 indicated that behavioral VCS testing in field studies is practical in young, non-English speaking children, and suggested that vision may be compromised in learning-disabled children. Studies 2 and 3 indicated that at these levels, current Hg body-burdens are poor predictors of VCS. If the VCS deficits seen in Study 2 were related to prenatal exposures, the results of Study 3 suggest that they represent a developmental delay. A longitudinal-study design is needed to address this issue. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Skalik, I AU - Otto, D AU - House, D AU - Subrt, P AU - Sram, R AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, RTP, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 615 EP - 628 VL - 17 IS - 3-4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Index Medicus KW - Czech Republic KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Male KW - Female KW - Learning Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Contrast Sensitivity -- physiology KW - Visual Acuity -- physiology KW - Color Perception -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78716923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Visual+contrast+sensitivity+deficits+in+Bohemian+children.&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BSkalik%2C+I%3BOtto%2C+D%3BHouse%2C+D%3BSubrt%2C+P%3BSram%2C+R&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-23 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - One-stop shopping: the Hazardous Substances Data Bank. AN - 78692457; 10164468 JF - Medical reference services quarterly AU - Prasek, M AD - Environmental Response Center, Roy F. Weston, Inc., Edison, NJ 08837, USA. prasek.margaret@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 41 EP - 56 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0276-3869, 0276-3869 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Health administration KW - United States KW - National Library of Medicine (U.S.) KW - Humans KW - Information Storage and Retrieval KW - MEDLARS KW - Databases, Factual UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78692457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+reference+services+quarterly&rft.atitle=One-stop+shopping%3A+the+Hazardous+Substances+Data+Bank.&rft.au=Prasek%2C+M&rft.aulast=Prasek&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+reference+services+quarterly&rft.issn=02763869&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpretation of short-term test data: implications for assessment of chemopreventive activity. AN - 78544888; 8923041 AB - The same short-term tests that have been used extensively to identify mutagens and potential carcinogens are increasingly being used to identify antimutagens and potential anticarcinogens. It is not yet known whether the inhibition of carcinogen-induced mutation is a good indicator of anticarcinogenicity, as the available data on the inhibition of both carcinogenicity and mutagenicity In vivo are still quite incomplete. Furthermore, in vitro tests will detect only those compounds that show an effect that is demonstrable in vitro, such as direct inhibition of the metabolism of the carcinogen or inactivation of the carcinogen by direct reaction. Thus it is essential to confirm putative antimutagenic activity observed in vitro through the use of animal models. Indeed, the interpretation of antimutagenicity data from short-term tests must be subjected to all of the considerations that apply in the interpretation of mutagenicity test results. Moreover, the experimental variable of the antimutagens used must be considered in addition to the variables of the mutagens and short-term tests used. To analyse published results on antimutagens in short-term tests, we have developed the concept of activity profile listings and plots for antimutagens - an approach already used successfully for mutagenicity data. The activity profiles permit rapid visualization of considerable data and experimental parameters, including the inhibition as well as enhancement of mutagenic activity. Here we focus on the use of this methodology to interpret antimutagenicity data for retinol and chlorophyllin against several classes of mutagens in short-term tests. JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Waters, M D AU - Stack, H F AU - Jackson, M A AU - Brockman, H E AD - US Environmental protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 313 EP - 332 IS - 139 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Chemoprevention -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78544888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Interpretation+of+short-term+test+data%3A+implications+for+assessment+of+chemopreventive+activity.&rft.au=Waters%2C+M+D%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BJackson%2C+M+A%3BBrockman%2C+H+E&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=139&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water-borne pollutants. AN - 78440383; 8871680 JF - Arctic medical research AU - Johansson, N AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 6 EP - 12 VL - 55 Suppl 1 SN - 0782-226X, 0782-226X KW - Sewage KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Sewage -- statistics & numerical data KW - Humans KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- statistics & numerical data KW - Sweden UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78440383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arctic+medical+research&rft.atitle=Water-borne+pollutants.&rft.au=Johansson%2C+N&rft.aulast=Johansson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=55+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arctic+medical+research&rft.issn=0782226X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the MDCK cell line for screening neurotoxicants. AN - 78420982; 8856739 AB - The adoption of cell culture models to screen putative neurotoxicants is recognized in view of the consequences of nerve damage by environmental chemicals. Developing cell culture models that mimic certain properties of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) would be especially useful in view of the barrier's strategic role in the neurotoxic process. The present study evaluates a kidney epithelial cell line for its functional and enzymatic resemblance to cerebral endothelial cells. Madin-Darby canine kidney (i.e., MDCK) cells display morphological (i.e., ultrastructurally defined tight junctions), enzymatic (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase), and antigenic cell markers (i.e., Factor VIII), also found in cerebral endothelial cells. In addition, MDCK cells develop electrical resistance which is increased in response to conditioned media from astroglial cell lines (i.e., C6). These results suggest that the MDCK cell line might be useful for identifying neurotoxic chemicals that affect BBB integrity through similar endpoints. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Veronesi, B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health Effects and Environmental Research Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 433 EP - 443 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Factor VIII KW - 9001-27-8 KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Coculture Techniques KW - Animals KW - Glioma -- pathology KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Cell Line -- drug effects KW - Dogs KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Glioma -- ultrastructure KW - Kidney -- ultrastructure KW - Factor VIII -- analysis KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- analysis KW - Blood-Brain Barrier -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78420982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+MDCK+cell+line+for+screening+neurotoxicants.&rft.au=Veronesi%2C+B&rft.aulast=Veronesi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-29 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on influenza virus host resistance in mice. AN - 78388917; 8838638 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) causes numerous immunotoxic effects including thymic involution and an immunosuppression of nonspecific as well as specific cell- and humoral-mediated immunity. TCDD administration to laboratory animals also results in a decreased resistance to numerous bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Effects on virus host resistance appear to be among the most sensitive effects of TCDD immunotoxicity. However, previous studies have not achieved a no effect level. The present studies utilized an influenza virus host resistance model in mice to quantify the sensitivity of this model to TCDD and to determine the NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) of TCDD for influenza virus. Results indicated that a single dose of TCDD at 0.10, 0.05, or 0.01 microgram/kg resulted in an increased mortality to Hong Kong influenza virus when mice were challenged 7 days after TCDD administration. Increased mortality was not correlated with increased virus titers in the lungs. TCDD at 0.005 or 0.001 micrograms/kg had no effect on influenza-induced mortality. TCDD alone did not affect thymus weight at any dose administered in this study. TCDD also did not alter the virus-enhanced increase in lung weight:body weight ratio nor the virus-induced decrease in thymus weight. Thus, low levels of TCDD exposure lead to enhanced mortality to influenza virus; however, the mechanism of this effect remains to be elucidated. Nonetheless, enhanced mortality to influenza virus in mice following a single dose of 10 ng TCDD/kg represents the most sensitive adverse effect yet reported for TCDD. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Burleson, G R AU - Lebrec, H AU - Yang, Y G AU - Ibanes, J D AU - Pennington, K N AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 40 EP - 47 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Survival Rate KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Disease Susceptibility -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- virology KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Influenza A virus -- isolation & purification KW - Immunity, Innate -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- administration & dosage KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections -- virology KW - Influenza A virus -- pathogenicity KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78388917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+on+influenza+virus+host+resistance+in+mice.&rft.au=Burleson%2C+G+R%3BLebrec%2C+H%3BYang%2C+Y+G%3BIbanes%2C+J+D%3BPennington%2C+K+N%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Burleson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration in rat cerebellum by polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures and congeners. Structure-activity relationships. AN - 78364851; 8825671 AB - Recent studies from our laboratory indicate that polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in vitro perturbed signal transduction mechanisms including cellular Ca2+-homeostasis and protein kinase C translocation. We have now investigated the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of three PCB mixtures, 24 PCB congeners and one dibenzofuran for their effects on microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration in rat cerebellum. Ca2+-sequestration by these intracellular organelles was determined using radioactive 45CaCl2. All three mixtures studied, Aroclor 1016, Aroclor 1254 and Aroclor 1260, were equally potent in inhibiting microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration with IC50 values of 6-8 microM. 1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran had no effect on Ca2+-sequestration by these organelles. The SAR among the congeners revealed: (1) congeners with ortho-/meta- or ortho-, para-chlorine substitutions were the most potent in inhibiting microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration (IC50 = 2.4-22.3 microM); (2) congeners with only para- but without ortho-substitutions were not effective in inhibiting Ca2+-sequestration by microsomes and mitochondria; (3) increased chlorination was not related to the effectiveness of these congeners. The present SAR studies indicate that the effects of most PCB congeners in vitro may be related to an interaction at specific sites having preference for low lateral substitution or lateral content (meta- or para) in the presence of ortho-substitution. JF - Archives of toxicology AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Ward, T R AU - McKinney, J D AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 150 EP - 157 VL - 70 IS - 3-4 SN - 0340-5761, 0340-5761 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Male KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Calcium -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Cerebellum -- ultrastructure KW - Microsomes -- ultrastructure KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Mitochondria -- ultrastructure KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Microsomes -- metabolism KW - Mitochondria -- drug effects KW - Mitochondria -- metabolism KW - Microsomes -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78364851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+microsomal+and+mitochondrial+Ca2%2B-sequestration+in+rat+cerebellum+by+polychlorinated+biphenyl+mixtures+and+congeners.+Structure-activity+relationships.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.issn=03405761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-10 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity studies of epichlorohydrin in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 78312969; 8804552 AB - Adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received epichlorohydrin via gavage in distilled water for 10 consecutive days at dose levels of 3, 7, 19, and 46 mg/kg-day, and for 90 days at dose levels of 1, 5, and 25 mg/kg-day. Epichlorohydrin did not adversely effect mortality, but toxicity, at the higher doses, was evident by: 1) losses in body weight gain and organ weights, 2) reductions in food and water consumption, and 3) in the hematological and microscopic examinations in both study periods. Significant decreases in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels were found in the high dose level in males after 10 and 90 days. Dose-related increases in kidney and liver weights were observed in both sexes at 25 mg/kg-day in the 90-day study and in various organs for both 19 and 46 mg/kg-day in the 10-day study. Histopathological examination identified the forestomach as the primary target organ for both sexes and in both studies with significant dose-related increases in mucosal hyperplasia (acanthosis) and hyperkeratosis. Based on the data presented, a lowest observable adverse effect level (LOAEL) for oral exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats to epichlorohydrin is 3 mg/kg-day for 10 days and 1 mg/kg-day is suggested as the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for a 90 day oral exposure. These conclusions were the same whether the lesions were analyzed for each sex individually or whether the data in each study was pooled. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Olson, G R AU - Page, N P AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 41 EP - 58 VL - 19 IS - 1-2 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Solvents KW - Epichlorohydrin KW - 08OOR508C0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Weight Gain -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Blood Chemical Analysis KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Testis -- growth & development KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Animal Feed KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- growth & development KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Epichlorohydrin -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Epichlorohydrin -- toxicity KW - Solvents -- administration & dosage KW - Stomach -- abnormalities KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Stomach -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78312969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+studies+of+epichlorohydrin+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BPage%2C+N+P&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risks from occupational and dietary exposure to mevinphos. AN - 78276760; 8714219 AB - Mevinphos (trade name, Phosdrin), a category 1 organophosphorus insecticide, has been used mainly as a cleanup pesticide for vegetable crops. A risk assessment for occupational and dietary exposure to mevinphos was initiated because of the high acute toxicity of the compound. Repetitive dosing with mevinphos did not cause any discernible histopathological effects in mice or rats, nor was it oncogenic in either species. The principal toxic effects of mevinphos, both short- and long term, were due to inhibition of cholinesterase activity. Consequently, potential adverse effects from short-term exposures were the primary concern. A human no-observed-effect level (0.025 mg/kg) for cholinergic signs was used as the regulatory basis for calculating margins of safety (MOSs) for potential acute dietary and short-term occupational exposures. Estimates of exposure to mixer/loaders, pilots, and flaggers associated with aerial application of mevinphos were based on passive dosimetry. Because no acceptable exposure studies for work tasks associated with ground application of mevinphos were available, surrogate data based on ground application of oxydemeton-methyl were used. Exposure estimates for field workers and harvesters relied on measured dislodgeable foliar residues of mevinphos and transfer factors generated from studies of other active ingredients. MOSs for mean acute occupational exposure of mixer/loader/applicators associated with ground application and of harvesters working in fruit trees were less than the value conventionally recommended to protect people from the toxic effects of mevinphos. MOSs for the 95th percentile of short-term worker exposure for all mixer/loader work categories associated with mevinphos application were also inadequate. Calculated MOSs for potential acute dietary exposure to measured residue levels of mevinphos were adequate for the various population subgroups. However, 25 of the USEPA tolerances for mevinphos on agricultural commodities were not adequate to protect for the toxic effects of mevinphos from theoretical acute dietary exposure to one or more population subgroups if commodities are consumed with residues at the tolerance level. When the mean short-term occupational exposures were combined with potential acute dietary exposure, the MOSs for mixer/loaders engaged in aerial applications, as well as ground applications, were inadequate to protect people from the toxic effects of mevinphos. As mitigation of the estimated excessive occupational exposures did not appear possible, both California and the USEPA were preparing to cancel registration of the product. However, an agreement was worked out between the manufacturer and the two agencies that ended production for domestic use but allowed existing stocks in the channels of trade to continue to be used for a limited period. JF - Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Cochran, R C AU - Formoli, T A AU - Silva, M H AU - Kellner, T P AU - Lewis, C M AU - Pfeifer, K F AD - Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 95814-5624, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 24 VL - 146 SN - 0179-5953, 0179-5953 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Mevinphos KW - 7786-34-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Mevinphos -- adverse effects KW - Mevinphos -- toxicity KW - Diet -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78276760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Risks+from+occupational+and+dietary+exposure+to+mevinphos.&rft.au=Cochran%2C+R+C%3BFormoli%2C+T+A%3BSilva%2C+M+H%3BKellner%2C+T+P%3BLewis%2C+C+M%3BPfeifer%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Cochran&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=01795953&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of structure-activity relationships derived from two methods for estimating octanol-water partition coefficients. AN - 78272847; 8751818 AB - This study examines several established linear relationships between 96-hour acute toxicity to fish (as log LC50) and octanol-water partition coefficient (as log Kow) with regard to the effect of using a different method of calculating log Kow. For all seven classes of compounds examined here, the linear equation parameters, viz., slope, intercept, r2, and standard error of the estimated log LC50, were about the same for the two methods. As expected, the accuracies of predictions for individual compounds were often different for the two methods, but seldom remarkably so. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Cash, G G AU - Clements, R G AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Health and Environmental Review Division, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 113 EP - 124 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Acrylates KW - 0 KW - Octanols KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Fishes KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Acrylates -- chemistry KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Acrylates -- toxicity KW - Solubility KW - Octanols -- chemistry KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78272847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+structure-activity+relationships+derived+from+two+methods+for+estimating+octanol-water+partition+coefficients.&rft.au=Cash%2C+G+G%3BClements%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Cash&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution and mortality: results from a study of Santiago, Chile. AN - 78129416; 8777376 AB - In 1986, the U.S. EPA issued an air quality standard for particulate matter that included only particulates below 10 microns in diameter (PM10). Unfortunately, epidemiological research investigating the health effects associated with PM10 has been limited by the lack of available daily data from outdoor monitoring stations. Evidence of high concentrations of PM10 in Eastern Europe and in metropolitan areas such as Mexico City and Santiago, Chile underscores the need to evaluate the association between air pollution and mortality. Over the last few years, daily measures of ambient PM10 have been collected in Santiago. Our analysis examines the relationship between PM10 and daily mortality between 1989 and 1991. In addition to total daily mortality, the data were compiled to record total mortality for all males, all females, and those over 65, and mortality from either respiratory disease or cardiovascular disease. Multiple regression analysis was used to explain mortality, with particular attention to controlling for the influence of season and temperature. The results suggest a strong association between PM10 and all of the alternative measures of mortality. The association persists after controlling for daily minimum temperature and binary variables indicating temperature extremes, the day of the week, the month, and the year. Additional sensitivity analyses suggest a fairly robust relationship. In general, a 10 micrograms/m3 change in daily PM10 was associated with a 1% increase in mortality. This relative risk is consistent with the results of recent studies undertaken in the United States. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Ostro, B AU - Sanchez, J M AU - Aranda, C AU - Eskeland, G S AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 97 EP - 114 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Dust KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Weather KW - Chile -- epidemiology KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Linear Models KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Mortality KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Dust -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78129416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+and+mortality%3A+results+from+a+study+of+Santiago%2C+Chile.&rft.au=Ostro%2C+B%3BSanchez%2C+J+M%3BAranda%2C+C%3BEskeland%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-19 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer risk assessment: evolution of the process. AN - 78101181; 8778755 JF - Preventive medicine AU - Farland, W H AD - Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 24 EP - 25 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0091-7435, 0091-7435 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical KW - Risk Assessment KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78101181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Preventive+medicine&rft.atitle=Cancer+risk+assessment%3A+evolution+of+the+process.&rft.au=Farland%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Farland&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Preventive+medicine&rft.issn=00917435&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population toxicokinetics of tetrachloroethylene. AN - 78092406; 8975633 AB - In assessing the distribution and metabolism of toxic compounds in the body, measurements are not always feasible for ethical or technical reasons. Computer modeling offers a reasonable alternative, but the variability and complexity of biological systems pose unique challenges in model building and adjustment. Recent tools from population pharmacokinetics, Bayesian statistical inference, and physiological modeling can be brought together to solve these problems. As an example, we modeled the distribution and metabolism of tetrachloroethylene (PERC) in humans. We derive statistical distributions for the parameters of a physiological model of PERC, on the basis of data from Monster et al. (1979). The model adequately fits both prior physiological information and experimental data. An estimate of the relationship between PERC exposure and fraction metabolized is obtained. Our median population estimate for the fraction of inhaled tetrachloroethylene that is metabolized, at exposure levels exceeding current occupational standards, is 1.5% [95% confidence interval (0.52%, 4.1%)]. At levels approaching ambient inhalation exposure (0.001 ppm), the median estimate of the fraction metabolized is much higher, at 36% [95% confidence interval (15%, 58%)]. This disproportionality should be taken into account when deriving safe exposure limits for tetrachloroethylene and deserves to be verified by further experiments. JF - Archives of toxicology AU - Bois, F Y AU - Gelman, A AU - Jiang, J AU - Maszle, D R AU - Zeise, L AU - Alexeef, G AD - Cal/EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 347 EP - 355 VL - 70 IS - 6 SN - 0340-5761, 0340-5761 KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- pharmacokinetics KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- metabolism KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- toxicity KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78092406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Population+toxicokinetics+of+tetrachloroethylene.&rft.au=Bois%2C+F+Y%3BGelman%2C+A%3BJiang%2C+J%3BMaszle%2C+D+R%3BZeise%2C+L%3BAlexeef%2C+G&rft.aulast=Bois&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.issn=03405761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-31 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of electrochemical immunosensors to environmental monitoring. AN - 78058891; 8639278 AB - This paper discusses basic electrochemical immunoassay technology. Factors limiting the practical application of antibodies to analytical problems are also presented. It addresses the potential use of immunoassay methods based on electrochemical detection for the analysis of environmental samples. It provides examples for the detection and quantitation of environmental samples using conducting electroactive polymers (CEPs). CEP-based immunosensing systems are compared with conventional environmental immunoassay procedures. The advantages of using these types of sensors for rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective analysis of pesticides and toxic chemicals are analysed and discussed. CEP-based immunosensing technology might eventually be used for continuous monitoring of effluents such as waste streams to determine compliance with regulations. CEP-based sensors are suitable for monitoring ground-water, waste stream effluents, agricultural run-offs and for monitoring the effectiveness of remediation, or for other situations where a real-time monitoring capability is desired. JF - Biosensors & bioelectronics AU - Sadik, O A AU - Van Emon, J M AD - US-EPA/National Exposure Research Laboratory/CRD, Las Vegas, Nevada 89193-3478, USA sadik_omowunmi@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - i EP - xi VL - 11 IS - 8 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - Index Medicus KW - Electrochemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Immunoassay KW - Biosensing Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78058891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Applications+of+electrochemical+immunosensors+to+environmental+monitoring.&rft.au=Sadik%2C+O+A%3BVan+Emon%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Sadik&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=i&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vivo genotoxicity of dichloroacetic acid: evaluation with the mouse peripheral blood micronucleus assay and the single cell gel assay. AN - 77992529; 8625942 AB - Chlorination is a widely used method for disinfection of drinking water supplies. Reaction of chlorine with naturally present organic compounds can result in toxic by-products. One major disinfection by-product from the chlorination of drinking water is dichloroacetic acid (DCA). This chemical has been shown to be carcinogenic in rodents, yet little genotoxicity data are available to assess the possible role of DNA and/or chromosomal damage in this process. We have used the peripheral blood erythrocyte micronucleus (MN) assay and the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCG) technique to investigate the in vivo genotoxicity of DCA in bone marrow and blood leukocytes, respectively. The MN assay detects chromosome breakage and/or malsegregation, while the SCG assay detects DNA damage (e.g., single strand breaks, alkali-labile sites, crosslinking). Mice were exposed to this compound in drinking water, available ad libitum, for up to 31 weeks. Our results show a small but statistically significant dose-related increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) after subchronic exposure to DCA for 9 days. In addition, at the highest dose of DCA tested (3.5 g/l), a small but significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) was detected following exposure for > or = 10 weeks. Coadministration of the antioxidant vitamin E did not affect the ability of DCA to induce this damage, indicating that the small induction of MN by DCA was probably not due to oxidative damage. Based on the lack of any difference observed in the proportion of kinetochore-positive micronuclei between the treated and control animals, we interpret MN as arising from clastogenic events. The SCG technique suggested the presence of DNA crosslinking in blood leukocytes in mice exposed to 3.5 g/l DCA for 28 days. These data provide evidence that DCA may be an extremely weak inducer of chromosome damage when provided to mice in drinking water under conditions which lead to increased levels of tumors. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Fuscoe, J C AU - Afshari, A J AU - George, M H AU - DeAngelo, A B AU - Tice, R R AU - Salman, T AU - Allen, J W AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Antioxidants KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Vitamin E KW - 1406-18-4 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Kinetochores -- drug effects KW - Water Supply KW - Mice KW - Leukocytes -- drug effects KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Antioxidants -- pharmacology KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Electrophoresis, Agar Gel KW - Vitamin E -- pharmacology KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - DNA Damage KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77992529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=In+vivo+genotoxicity+of+dichloroacetic+acid%3A+evaluation+with+the+mouse+peripheral+blood+micronucleus+assay+and+the+single+cell+gel+assay.&rft.au=Fuscoe%2C+J+C%3BAfshari%2C+A+J%3BGeorge%2C+M+H%3BDeAngelo%2C+A+B%3BTice%2C+R+R%3BSalman%2C+T%3BAllen%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Fuscoe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urinary 2-Thiothiazolidine-4-Carboxylic Acid (TTCA) as the Major Urinary Marker of Carbon Disulfide Vapor Exposure in Rats AN - 760216092; 13641641 AB - Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g; 60 per exposure group) were exposed to carbon disulfide (CS2) air concentrations of 0, 50, 150, and 500 ppm(vlv) for 6 hrlday, 5 days/week over six months. Following the exposures, nine rats from each exposure group had four sets of cumulated urines collected (between 0-8, 8-16, 16-24, and 24-48 hr). The urinary parameters measured were: 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA), total thioethers (TE), and the compounds responsive to the iodine-azide (IA) test. Urinary TTCA elimination obeyed pseudo-first-order, one-compartment model kinetics of half-time (t sub(0.5)) 5.2 +/- 0.3 hr up to 16 hr of collection. The elimination of TE within 16 hr had a t sub( 0.5) of 8.5 +/- 0.6 hr. TTCA, IA, and TE were correlated highly in the first 16 hr. After 16 hr, the to.5 for TE lengthened to 13. 1 hr. At CS2 concentrations of 50, 150, and 500 ppm, the respective t sub( 0.5) for IA-responsive compounds were 12.6, 6.1, and 4.4 hr. TTCA had the highest correlation coefficient and p-valuerelative to CS2 exposure concentration, and also was the most sensitive, precise, and selective urinary marker. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Cox, Clinton AU - Que Hee, Shane S AU - Lynch, Dennis W AD - Department of Environmental Health University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory Montgomery, Alabama Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - Jan 1996 SP - 81 EP - 92 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Carbon disulfide KW - Vapors KW - Urine KW - Kinetics KW - thioethers KW - Models KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760216092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Urinary+2-Thiothiazolidine-4-Carboxylic+Acid+%28TTCA%29+as+the+Major+Urinary+Marker+of+Carbon+Disulfide+Vapor+Exposure+in+Rats&rft.au=Cox%2C+Clinton%3BQue+Hee%2C+Shane+S%3BLynch%2C+Dennis+W&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Clinton&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823379601200105 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon disulfide; Vapors; Urine; Kinetics; thioethers; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379601200105 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial removal of lead from solid media and soil AN - 52816946; 1996-055676 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Donovan-Brand, Rebecca AU - Paris, K Pete AU - Al-Abed, Souhail R AU - Ryan, James A AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 207 EP - 219 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 86 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - thallophytes KW - degradation KW - lead KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - kinetics KW - soils KW - liquid phase KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - rates KW - bioremediation KW - TEM data KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52816946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Microbial+removal+of+lead+from+solid+media+and+soil&rft.au=Vesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BDonovan-Brand%2C+Rebecca%3BParis%2C+K+Pete%3BAl-Abed%2C+Souhail+R%3BRyan%2C+James+A%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J&rft.aulast=Vesper&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; concentration; degradation; experimental studies; kinetics; laboratory studies; lead; liquid phase; metals; microorganisms; monitoring; physicochemical properties; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; rates; remediation; soil treatment; soils; TEM data; thallophytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale metal distribution in Baltic Sea sediments AN - 52809493; 1996-074225 JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Borg, Hans AU - Jonsson, Per Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 8 EP - 21 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - zinc KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - lead KW - marine sediments KW - Gulf of Bothnia KW - metals KW - sediments KW - cadmium KW - North Atlantic KW - Eh KW - Baltic Sea KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52809493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Large-scale+metal+distribution+in+Baltic+Sea+sediments&rft.au=Borg%2C+Hans%3BJonsson%2C+Per&rft.aulast=Borg&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0025326X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MPNBAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; Atlantic Ocean; Baltic Sea; cadmium; Eh; Gulf of Bothnia; human activity; lead; marine sediments; metals; North Atlantic; pollutants; pollution; sediments; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of colloidal transport in ground water, Pinal Creek basin, Arizona AN - 52803269; 1996-071694 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper AU - Puls, Robert W AU - Powell, Robert M AU - Clark, Donald A A2 - Brown, James G. A2 - Favor, Barbara Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 51 EP - 60 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0886-9308, 0886-9308 KW - United States KW - desorption KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - Pinal Creek basin KW - photon correlation spectra KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - hydrochemistry KW - scintillations KW - ground water KW - arsenates KW - transport KW - radioactive tracers KW - Arizona KW - Gila County Arizona KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52803269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+colloidal+transport+in+ground+water%2C+Pinal+Creek+basin%2C+Arizona&rft.au=Puls%2C+Robert+W%3BPowell%2C+Robert+M%3BClark%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.issn=08869308&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; Arizona; arsenates; colloidal materials; desorption; effluents; geochemistry; Gila County Arizona; ground water; hydrochemistry; ions; pH; photon correlation spectra; Pinal Creek basin; pollutants; pollution; radioactive tracers; scintillations; transport; United States; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of factor analysis to investigate processes controlling the chemical composition of four streams in the Adirondack Mountains, New York AN - 52791254; 1996-079219 AB - Four streams were monitored intensively over a 2 year period. Factor analysis was used to identify interrelationships between dissolved species during this period, and to determine physical processes controlling their behaviour. Analysis of the full dataset identified species which varied predominantly on an episodic timescale, and species which were subject to seasonal cycles. Two-month subsets of data were defined to remove the influence of seasonal cycles, and factor analysis of individual subsets then allowed episodic behaviour to be examined for each 2 month period. Results showed that base cation dilution was a consistent cause of changes in acid neutralising capacity (ANC) in all four streams. NO (sub 3) (super -) exhibited strong seasonality in concentration and also in episode behaviour, increasing during winter-snowmelt episodes, but diluting during some summer episodes. DOC concentrations also varied seasonally, but 2 month analysis indicated episodic increases during all periods. SO (sub 4) (super 2-) did not exhibit consistent episodic behaviour, as it was strongly influenced by antecedent conditions. Behaviour of Ca (super 2+) and Mg (super 2+) was apparently influenced by a significant soil source in three of the streams. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Evans, C D AU - Davies, T D AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - Tranter, M AU - Kretser, W A Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 297 EP - 316 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 185 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - factor analysis KW - rivers and streams KW - carbon KW - calcium ion KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - organic materials KW - hydrology KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrochemistry KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - seasonal variations KW - northeastern New York KW - Adirondack Mountains KW - magnesium ion KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52791254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Use+of+factor+analysis+to+investigate+processes+controlling+the+chemical+composition+of+four+streams+in+the+Adirondack+Mountains%2C+New+York&rft.au=Evans%2C+C+D%3BDavies%2C+T+D%3BWigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BTranter%2C+M%3BKretser%2C+W+A&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=185&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adirondack Mountains; alkaline earth metals; calcium; calcium ion; carbon; chemical composition; dissolved materials; factor analysis; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; magnesium; magnesium ion; metals; monitoring; New York; northeastern New York; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; rivers and streams; seasonal variations; statistical analysis; sulfate ion; surface water; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Features of distribution and assessment for control measures of desertification in China AN - 52732997; 1997-031894 AB - In China, desertification has already reached 1117000 km (super 2) , or 11.6% of China's total area, with 33.2% caused by wind action, 33.8% by water action and 33.0% by physical and chemical action. Besides, 1583000 km (super 2) of arable land or 16.5% of China's total area is susceptible to desertification, with 535000 km (super 2) susceptible to wind action, 875000 km (super 2) susceptible to water action and 173000 km (super 2) susceptible to salinization. Desertification in China results from the overgrowth of population and irrational human activities, such as abuse of water resources, over-cultivation, overgrazing and pollution caused by industry and mining under fragile ecological conditions. Finally, the distribution and current control measures are discussed in this paper. JF - Zhonggou Huanjing Kexue = China Environmental Science AU - Zhu, Zhenda AU - Cui, Shuhong Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 328 EP - 334 PB - China Environmental Science Press, Beijing VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 1000-6923, 1000-6923 KW - forests KW - Far East KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - water erosion KW - desertification KW - controls KW - conservation KW - Asia KW - land use KW - deforestation KW - China KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52732997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zhonggou+Huanjing+Kexue+%3D+China+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Features+of+distribution+and+assessment+for+control+measures+of+desertification+in+China&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Zhenda%3BCui%2C+Shuhong&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Zhenda&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Zhonggou+Huanjing+Kexue+%3D+China+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=10006923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; China; conservation; controls; deforestation; desertification; erosion; Far East; forests; human activity; land use; water erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of groundwater impact due to migration of contaminants from vadose zone AN - 52726065; 1997-032338 JF - AEG News AU - Navayogarajah, N AU - Smith, Lawrence D AU - Cooper, Craig F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 55 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, Lawrence, KS VL - 39 IS - 1 SN - 0899-5788, 0899-5788 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - models KW - migration KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - risk assessment KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52726065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AEG+News&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+groundwater+impact+due+to+migration+of+contaminants+from+vadose+zone&rft.au=Navayogarajah%2C+N%3BSmith%2C+Lawrence+D%3BCooper%2C+Craig+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Navayogarajah&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AEG+News&rft.issn=08995788&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - KS N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; migration; models; pollutants; pollution; prediction; risk assessment; soils; solute transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of variable and uncertain data to quantify environmental pesticide risk AN - 52710233; 1997-043874 JF - SSSA Special Publication AU - Parker, Ronald D AU - Nelson, Henry P AU - Jones, R David AU - Coleman, T L A2 - Nettleton, W. D. A2 - Hornsby, A. G. A2 - Brown, R. B. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 131 EP - 142 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 47 SN - 1063-2565, 1063-2565 KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - annual variations KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - MUltiple SCenario Risk Assessment Tool KW - MUSCRAT KW - models KW - topography KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - quantitative analysis KW - runoff KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52710233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.atitle=Use+of+variable+and+uncertain+data+to+quantify+environmental+pesticide+risk&rft.au=Parker%2C+Ronald+D%3BNelson%2C+Henry+P%3BJones%2C+R+David%3BColeman%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.issn=10632565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Soil Science Society of America annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - annual variations; data processing; models; MUltiple SCenario Risk Assessment Tool; MUSCRAT; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; quantitative analysis; risk assessment; runoff; soils; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; topography; toxic materials; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of a zero head space large-volume incubator for studying gases and VOC AN - 52704759; 1997-041700 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Morin, J P AU - Cifuentes, L A AU - Coffin, R B AU - Kelley, C A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 20 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 3, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - chemical analysis KW - Ventura County California KW - sea water KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - new methods KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - gases KW - Port Hueneme California KW - California KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Southern California KW - marine environment KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - North Atlantic KW - geochemistry KW - aquatic environment KW - instruments KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52704759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Applications+of+a+zero+head+space+large-volume+incubator+for+studying+gases+and+VOC&rft.au=Morin%2C+J+P%3BCifuentes%2C+L+A%3BCoffin%2C+R+B%3BKelley%2C+C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Morin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union; American Society of Limnology and Oceanography; 1996 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; Atlantic Ocean; California; chemical analysis; gases; geochemistry; Gulf of Mexico; hydrocarbons; instruments; marine environment; new methods; North Atlantic; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Port Hueneme California; sea water; Southern California; United States; Ventura County California; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inter-relationships & realistic implications of soil leaching methods AN - 52700416; 1997-054646 JF - Environmental Geotechnology. Proceedings of the ... International Symposium AU - Dutta, Subijoy AU - Cornell, Darrell A2 - Fang, Hsai-Yang A2 - Inyang, Hilary I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 94 EP - 100 PB - Technomic Publishing, Lancaster VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - hazardous waste KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - grain size KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - decontamination KW - carbon KW - chemical properties KW - organic carbon KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52700416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.atitle=Inter-relationships+%26amp%3B+realistic+implications+of+soil+leaching+methods&rft.au=Dutta%2C+Subijoy%3BCornell%2C+Darrell&rft.aulast=Dutta&rft.aufirst=Subijoy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=1566764629&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 3rd international symposium on Environmental geotechnology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04504 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; chemical properties; concentration; decontamination; detection; grain size; hazardous waste; leaching; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; pollutants; pollution; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting contaminant migration in karst aquifers AN - 52698767; 1997-054670 JF - Environmental Geotechnology. Proceedings of the ... International Symposium AU - Field, Malcolm S A2 - Fang, Hsai-Yang A2 - Inyang, Hilary I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 321 EP - 330 PB - Technomic Publishing, Lancaster VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - dispersivity KW - pollutants KW - numerical analysis KW - karst hydrology KW - data processing KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - physical properties KW - transport KW - tracers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.atitle=Predicting+contaminant+migration+in+karst+aquifers&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=1566764629&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 3rd international symposium on Environmental geotechnology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04504 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; computer programs; data processing; dispersivity; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; karst hydrology; migration of elements; models; numerical analysis; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; prediction; simulation; tracers; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultrasound enhanced soil washing AN - 52698739; 1997-054645 JF - Environmental Geotechnology. Proceedings of the ... International Symposium AU - Meegoda, Jay N AU - Ho, Dustin AU - Frederick, Raymond M A2 - Fang, Hsai-Yang A2 - Inyang, Hilary I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 83 EP - 93 PB - Technomic Publishing, Lancaster VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - organic residues KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - ultrasonic methods KW - soil washing KW - organic compounds KW - sedimentary rocks KW - decontamination KW - coal KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.atitle=Ultrasound+enhanced+soil+washing&rft.au=Meegoda%2C+Jay+N%3BHo%2C+Dustin%3BFrederick%2C+Raymond+M&rft.aulast=Meegoda&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=1566764629&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 3rd international symposium on Environmental geotechnology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04504 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; coal; decontamination; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; organic residues; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sedimentary rocks; soil treatment; soil washing; soils; statistical analysis; surfactants; techniques; ultrasonic methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Priority concerns AN - 52677412; 1997-070981 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Webber, Walter AU - Eisenreich, Stephen AU - Huggett, Robert AU - Mitchell, Ralph AU - Birnbaum, Linda AU - McClellan, Roger AU - Daisey, Joan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 37A EP - 41A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - graduate-level education KW - water supply KW - medical geology KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - chemical waste KW - education KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - research KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - decontamination KW - industrial waste KW - policy KW - water resources KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52677412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Priority+concerns&rft.au=Webber%2C+Walter%3BEisenreich%2C+Stephen%3BHuggett%2C+Robert%3BMitchell%2C+Ralph%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda%3BMcClellan%2C+Roger%3BDaisey%2C+Joan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Webber&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - With discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical waste; decision-making; decontamination; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; education; graduate-level education; industrial waste; land use; medical geology; nonaqueous phase liquids; policy; pollution; preventive measures; remediation; research; soil management; soils; water resources; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of AAS, ICP-AES, PSA, and XRF in determining lead and cadmium in soil AN - 52674008; 1997-070992 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Pyle, Steven M AU - Nocerino, John M AU - Deming, Stanley N AU - Palasota, John A AU - Palasota, Josephine M AU - Miller, Eric L AU - Hillman, Daniel C AU - Kuharic, Conrad A AU - Cole, William H AU - Fitzpatrick, Patricia M AU - Watson, Michael A AU - Nichols, K D Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 204 EP - 213 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - zinc KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - principal components analysis KW - detection limit KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - lead KW - electrochemical properties KW - atomic absorption spectra KW - iron KW - sample preparation KW - detection KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - cadmium KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52674008?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+AAS%2C+ICP-AES%2C+PSA%2C+and+XRF+in+determining+lead+and+cadmium+in+soil&rft.au=Pyle%2C+Steven+M%3BNocerino%2C+John+M%3BDeming%2C+Stanley+N%3BPalasota%2C+John+A%3BPalasota%2C+Josephine+M%3BMiller%2C+Eric+L%3BHillman%2C+Daniel+C%3BKuharic%2C+Conrad+A%3BCole%2C+William+H%3BFitzpatrick%2C+Patricia+M%3BWatson%2C+Michael+A%3BNichols%2C+K+D&rft.aulast=Pyle&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; atomic absorption spectra; cadmium; concentration; detection; detection limit; electrochemical properties; hazardous waste; iron; lead; metals; pollutants; pollution; principal components analysis; sample preparation; soils; spectra; statistical analysis; toxic materials; X-ray fluorescence spectra; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current conditions AN - 52673998; 1997-070979 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Daisey, Joan AU - McClellan, Roger AU - Scheuplein, Robert AU - Birnbaum, Linda AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 27A EP - 31A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - medical geology KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - research KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - decontamination KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52673998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Current+conditions&rft.au=Daisey%2C+Joan%3BMcClellan%2C+Roger%3BScheuplein%2C+Robert%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daisey&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Includes discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decision-making; decontamination; land use; medical geology; monitoring; policy; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; regulations; remediation; research; risk assessment; soil management; soils; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring ocean disposal sites; an example of an integrated study from Mamala Bay, Honolulu, Hawaii AN - 52673648; 1997-064162 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Torresan, M E AU - Hampton, M A AU - Wong, F L AU - Ota, A Y AU - Dadey, K A AU - Brock, J B AU - Word, Jack Q AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 13 EP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 3, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - geophysical surveys KW - Mamala Bay KW - waste disposal sites KW - cores KW - urban environment KW - Honolulu Hawaii KW - dredging KW - acoustical methods KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - sedimentary structures KW - monitoring KW - Honolulu County Hawaii KW - biogenic structures KW - geophysical methods KW - Oahu KW - Hawaii KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - X-ray data KW - North Pacific KW - marine environment KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Oceania KW - surveys KW - side-scanning methods KW - Polynesia KW - waste disposal KW - bioturbation KW - sonar methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52673648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Monitoring+ocean+disposal+sites%3B+an+example+of+an+integrated+study+from+Mamala+Bay%2C+Honolulu%2C+Hawaii&rft.au=Torresan%2C+M+E%3BHampton%2C+M+A%3BWong%2C+F+L%3BOta%2C+A+Y%3BDadey%2C+K+A%3BBrock%2C+J+B%3BWord%2C+Jack+Q%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Torresan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union; American Society of Limnology and Oceanography; 1996 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; benthic taxa; biogenic structures; bioturbation; cores; dredging; East Pacific Ocean Islands; ecology; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Hawaii; Honolulu County Hawaii; Honolulu Hawaii; Mamala Bay; marine environment; marine sediments; monitoring; North Pacific; Oahu; Oceania; Pacific Ocean; Polynesia; sedimentary structures; sediments; side-scanning methods; sonar methods; surveys; United States; urban environment; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing the future AN - 52672847; 1997-070982 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Oppelt, Timothy AU - Carberry, John AU - Kavanaugh, Michael AU - Mulligan, William AU - Webber, Walter AU - McClellan, Roger AU - Loehr, Raymond C AU - Daisey, Joan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 42A EP - 44A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - education KW - research KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - industrial waste KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52672847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Managing+the+future&rft.au=Oppelt%2C+Timothy%3BCarberry%2C+John%3BKavanaugh%2C+Michael%3BMulligan%2C+William%3BWebber%2C+Walter%3BMcClellan%2C+Roger%3BLoehr%2C+Raymond+C%3BDaisey%2C+Joan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oppelt&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - With discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decision-making; decontamination; education; industrial waste; land use; policy; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; remediation; research; soil management; soils; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging frontiers AN - 52671819; 1997-070980 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Carberry, John AU - Oppelt, Timothy AU - Loehr, Raymond C AU - Kavanaugh, Michael AU - Mulligan, William AU - Webber, Walter AU - Mitchell, Ralph AU - Morgan, Granger AU - Birnbaum, Linda AU - Esty, Daniel AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 32A EP - 36A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - recycling KW - in situ KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - decontamination KW - industrial waste KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52671819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Emerging+frontiers&rft.au=Carberry%2C+John%3BOppelt%2C+Timothy%3BLoehr%2C+Raymond+C%3BKavanaugh%2C+Michael%3BMulligan%2C+William%3BWebber%2C+Walter%3BMitchell%2C+Ralph%3BMorgan%2C+Granger%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda%3BEsty%2C+Daniel%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Carberry&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=32A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - With discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; cost; decision-making; decontamination; in situ; industrial waste; land use; policy; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; recycling; remediation; risk assessment; soil management; soils; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - OK, why not drill into the top of the mountain? Further delineation of metals loading pathways to an alpine creek AN - 52667335; 1997-075426 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wireman, Michael AU - Stover, Bruce K AU - Davies, Gareth J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 479 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - wells KW - United States KW - zinc KW - water quality KW - rivers and streams KW - dye tracers KW - lead KW - Chalk Creek KW - manganese KW - iron KW - ground water KW - movement KW - drainage basins KW - cadmium KW - springs KW - Mary Murphy Mine KW - interpretation KW - discharge KW - abandoned mines KW - hydrology KW - mines KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Chaffee County Colorado KW - injection KW - pollution KW - porosity KW - metals KW - Colorado KW - water wells KW - permeability KW - Arkansas River KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52667335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=OK%2C+why+not+drill+into+the+top+of+the+mountain%3F+Further+delineation+of+metals+loading+pathways+to+an+alpine+creek&rft.au=Wireman%2C+Michael%3BStover%2C+Bruce+K%3BDavies%2C+Gareth+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wireman&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=479&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; Arkansas River; cadmium; Chaffee County Colorado; Chalk Creek; Colorado; discharge; drainage basins; dye tracers; ground water; hydrology; injection; interpretation; iron; lead; manganese; Mary Murphy Mine; metals; mines; monitoring; movement; permeability; pollutants; pollution; porosity; rivers and streams; springs; United States; water quality; water wells; wells; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-layer sampling in conventional monitoring wells for improved estimation of vertical contaminant distributions and mass AN - 52638901; 1998-010090 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Puls, Robert W AU - Paul, Cynthia J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 460 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - plumes KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pumping KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - mass KW - spatial distribution KW - organic compounds KW - sampling KW - water wells KW - accuracy KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52638901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Multi-layer+sampling+in+conventional+monitoring+wells+for+improved+estimation+of+vertical+contaminant+distributions+and+mass&rft.au=Puls%2C+Robert+W%3BPaul%2C+Cynthia+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; characterization; ground water; mass; monitoring; optimization; organic compounds; plumes; pollutants; pollution; pumping; remediation; sampling; spatial distribution; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smoothing troubled waters; a scientific systematic view of mining communities and their environment AN - 52628056; 1998-014948 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Russell, Carol C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 21 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - communities KW - mining geology KW - environmental geology KW - decision-making KW - preservation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52628056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Smoothing+troubled+waters%3B+a+scientific+systematic+view+of+mining+communities+and+their+environment&rft.au=Russell%2C+Carol+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - communities; decision-making; environmental geology; mining geology; preservation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ biotransformation of trichloroethylene and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene at Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey AN - 52615673; 1998-024903 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Ehlke, Theodore A AU - Wilson, Barbara H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Imbrigiotta, Thomas E AU - Morganwalp, David W AU - Aronson, David A Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 347 EP - 354 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - rates KW - dichloroethylene KW - Picatinny Arsenal KW - bioremediation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - Morris County New Jersey KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - New Jersey KW - USGS KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52615673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=In+situ+biotransformation+of+trichloroethylene+and+cis-1%2C2-dichloroethylene+at+Picatinny+Arsenal%2C+New+Jersey&rft.au=Ehlke%2C+Theodore+A%3BWilson%2C+Barbara+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BImbrigiotta%2C+Thomas+E%3BMorganwalp%2C+David+W%3BAronson%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Ehlke&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program technical meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dichloroethylene; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; Morris County New Jersey; New Jersey; organic compounds; Picatinny Arsenal; rates; remediation; trichloroethylene; unconfined aquifers; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wetland restoration and creation AN - 52588901; 1998-047190 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper AU - Kentula, Mary E AU - Fretwell, Judy D AU - Williams, John S AU - Redman, Phillip J Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 87 EP - 92 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0886-9308, 0886-9308 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - reclamation KW - surface water KW - legislation KW - government agencies KW - vegetation KW - research KW - environmental effects KW - biota KW - ground water KW - habitat KW - constructed wetlands KW - wetlands KW - saturation KW - land management KW - ecology KW - USGS KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52588901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.atitle=Wetland+restoration+and+creation&rft.au=Kentula%2C+Mary+E%3BFretwell%2C+Judy+D%3BWilliams%2C+John+S%3BRedman%2C+Phillip+J&rft.aulast=Kentula&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.issn=08869308&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://water.usgs.gov/public/nwsum/WSP2425/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; constructed wetlands; ecology; environmental effects; government agencies; ground water; habitat; hydrology; land management; land use; legislation; reclamation; research; saturation; soils; surface water; USGS; vegetation; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of methyl bromide in fumigated soils AN - 52426405; 1999-072183 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Anderson, Todd A AU - Rice, Patricia J AU - Cink, James H AU - Coats, Joel R A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 42 EP - 52 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - photochemistry KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - bromide ion KW - fumigants KW - bromine KW - remediation KW - physical properties KW - ozone KW - toxicity KW - photolysis KW - agrochemicals KW - transformations KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52426405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Fate+of+methyl+bromide+in+fumigated+soils&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Todd+A%3BRice%2C+Patricia+J%3BCink%2C+James+H%3BCoats%2C+Joel+R&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; biodegradation; bromide ion; bromine; degradation; fumigants; halogens; moisture; ozone; photochemistry; photolysis; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; toxicity; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of 1,3-dichloropropene degradates in water and soil by capillary gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection AN - 52426357; 1999-072185 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Duebelbeis, D O AU - Thomas, A D AU - Fisher, S E AU - Schelle, G E A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 212 EP - 227 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - moisture KW - surface water KW - gas chromatograms KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - capillarity KW - calibration KW - fumigants KW - reagents KW - detection KW - chemical reactions KW - chromatograms KW - agrochemicals KW - spectra KW - dichloropropene KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52426357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Determination+of+1%2C3-dichloropropene+degradates+in+water+and+soil+by+capillary+gas+chromatography+with+mass+spectrometric+detection&rft.au=Duebelbeis%2C+D+O%3BThomas%2C+A+D%3BFisher%2C+S+E%3BSchelle%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Duebelbeis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=212&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; calibration; capillarity; chemical composition; chemical reactions; chromatograms; degradation; detection; dichloropropene; fumigants; gas chromatograms; mass spectra; moisture; monitoring; pollution; reagents; soils; spectra; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis AN - 52424303; 1999-072181 JF - ACS Symposium Series A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 232 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - symposia KW - pollutants KW - agrochemicals KW - industrial waste KW - pollution KW - fumigants KW - chemical waste KW - aerobic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52424303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=210th+national+meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%2C+symposium+on+Fumigants%3B+environmental+fate%2C+exposure%2C+and+analysis&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; agrochemicals; chemical waste; fumigants; industrial waste; pollutants; pollution; soils; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of 1,3-dichloropropene in aerobic soils AN - 52420263; 1999-072184 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Batzer, F R AU - Balcer, J L AU - Peterson, J R AU - Wolt, J D A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 60 EP - 78 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - rates KW - migration of elements KW - chemical waste KW - carbon dioxide KW - aerobic environment KW - volatiles KW - mass balance KW - chromatograms KW - tracers KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - dichloropropene KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52420263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Fate+of+1%2C3-dichloropropene+in+aerobic+soils&rft.au=Batzer%2C+F+R%3BBalcer%2C+J+L%3BPeterson%2C+J+R%3BWolt%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Batzer&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; carbon dioxide; chemical properties; chemical waste; chromatograms; degradation; dichloropropene; hydrolysis; industrial waste; kinetics; mass balance; migration of elements; pollutants; pollution; rates; soils; tracers; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Error evaluation of methyl bromide aerodynamic flux measurements AN - 52420227; 1999-072182 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Majewski, Michael S A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 135 EP - 153 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - concentration KW - thermal properties KW - statistical analysis KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - bromide ion KW - migration of elements KW - fumigants KW - bromine KW - simulation KW - volatilization KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - methyl bromide KW - errors KW - detection KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - regression analysis KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52420227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Error+evaluation+of+methyl+bromide+aerodynamic+flux+measurements&rft.au=Majewski%2C+Michael+S&rft.aulast=Majewski&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bromide ion; bromine; concentration; detection; errors; fumigants; halogenated hydrocarbons; halogens; methyl bromide; migration of elements; organic compounds; permeability; pollution; regression analysis; simulation; statistical analysis; thermal properties; volatiles; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The mining history and environmental clean-up at the Summitville Mine AN - 52405195; 2000-012894 JF - Special Publication - Colorado Geological Survey AU - Ketellapper, Victor L AU - Pendleton, James A AU - Posey, Harry H AU - Long, Mike B A2 - Thompson, Ren A. A2 - Hudson, Mark R. A2 - Pillmore, Charles L. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 10 PB - Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, CO SN - 0099-6459, 0099-6459 KW - United States KW - mining KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - environmental analysis KW - feasibility studies KW - remediation KW - Summitville Mine KW - transport KW - climate KW - hydrology KW - bedrock KW - mines KW - petrology KW - acid mine drainage KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - history KW - planning KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - Colorado KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52405195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=The+mining+history+and+environmental+clean-up+at+the+Summitville+Mine&rft.au=Ketellapper%2C+Victor+L%3BPendleton%2C+James+A%3BPosey%2C+Harry+H%3BLong%2C+Mike+B&rft.aulast=Ketellapper&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=00996459&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CGSSA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; bedrock; climate; Colorado; environmental analysis; feasibility studies; history; hydrology; land use; leaching; metals; mines; mining; petrology; planning; pollutants; pollution; reclamation; regulations; remediation; Rio Grande County Colorado; risk assessment; Summitville Mine; Superfund; surface water; transport; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The environmental impact of pesticide degradates in groundwater AN - 52401287; 2000-012305 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Barrett, Michael R A2 - Meyer, M. T. A2 - Thurman, E. M. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 200 EP - 225 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 630 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - effects KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52401287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=The+environmental+impact+of+pesticide+degradates+in+groundwater&rft.au=Barrett%2C+Michael+R&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=630&rft.issue=&rft.spage=200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 209th national meeting of the American Chemical Society on Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - degradation; effects; environmental effects; ground water; herbicides; monitoring; organic compounds; pesticides; pollution; soils; toxicity; triazines; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ derivatization; supercritical fluid extraction method for the determination of chlorophenoxy acid herbicides in soil samples AN - 52397872; 2000-012295 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Lopez-Avila, Viorica AU - Benedicto, Janet AU - Beckert, Werner F A2 - Meyer, M. T. A2 - Thurman, E. M. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 63 EP - 76 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 630 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - chemical analysis KW - in situ KW - herbicides KW - surface water KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - chlorophenoxy acid KW - ground water KW - sample preparation KW - sampling KW - applications KW - pesticides KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52397872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=In+situ+derivatization%3B+supercritical+fluid+extraction+method+for+the+determination+of+chlorophenoxy+acid+herbicides+in+soil+samples&rft.au=Lopez-Avila%2C+Viorica%3BBenedicto%2C+Janet%3BBeckert%2C+Werner+F&rft.aulast=Lopez-Avila&rft.aufirst=Viorica&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=630&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 209th national meeting of the American Chemical Society on Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; applications; chemical analysis; chlorophenoxy acid; geochemistry; ground water; herbicides; in situ; pesticides; pollution; sample preparation; sampling; soils; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Artificial recharge; attempt to develop guidelines AN - 52373471; 2000-024857 JF - NHP Rapport = Nordic Hydrological Programme Report AU - Dahlstrom, Kim AU - Pedersen, Morten A2 - Kivimaki, Anna-Liisa A2 - Suokko, Tuulikki Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 19 EP - 23 PB - The Nordic Coordinating Committee for Hydrology, varies VL - 38 SN - 0900-0267, 0900-0267 KW - thallophytes KW - water quality KW - Plantae KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - artificial recharge KW - purification KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - algae KW - ground water KW - Scandinavia KW - water treatment KW - bacteria KW - Denmark KW - pesticides KW - microfossils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52373471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NHP+Rapport+%3D+Nordic+Hydrological+Programme+Report&rft.atitle=Artificial+recharge%3B+attempt+to+develop+guidelines&rft.au=Dahlstrom%2C+Kim%3BPedersen%2C+Morten&rft.aulast=Dahlstrom&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NHP+Rapport+%3D+Nordic+Hydrological+Programme+Report&rft.issn=09000267&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on Artificial recharge of groundwater N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; artificial recharge; bacteria; Denmark; Europe; ground water; microfossils; pesticides; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; purification; regulations; Scandinavia; thallophytes; water quality; water treatment; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The single community concept; a model for adult environmental education AN - 52212378; 2001-053597 JF - The Ohio Journal of Science AU - Kizer, Glen G AU - Baker, Marilyn E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 32 PB - Ohio Academy of Science, Columbus, OH VL - 96 IS - 2 SN - 0030-0950, 0030-0950 KW - hydrology KW - public awareness KW - popular geology KW - environmental geology KW - education KW - elementary geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52212378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=The+single+community+concept%3B+a+model+for+adult+environmental+education&rft.au=Kizer%2C+Glen+G%3BBaker%2C+Marilyn+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kizer&rft.aufirst=Glen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00300950&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - The Ohio Academy of Science 105th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - OJSCA9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - education; elementary geology; environmental geology; hydrology; popular geology; public awareness ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An adaptive local grid refinement to solve nonlinear transport problems with moving fronts AN - 52125858; 2002-027100 AB - Highly nonlinear advection-dispersion-reactive equations govern numerous transport phenomena in subsurface media. Robust, accurate, and efficient algorithms to solve these equations hold the key to the success of applying numerical models to field problems. This paper presents the development and verification of a computational algorithm to approximate the highly nonlinear transport equations of multiphase flow and reactive chemical transport. The algorithm was developed based on the Lagrangian-Eulerian decoupling method with an adaptive ZOOMing and Peak/valley Capture (LEZOOMPC) scheme. It consisted of both backward and forward node tracking, rough element determination, peak/valley capturing, and adaptive local grid refinement. A second-order implicit tracking was implemented to accurately and efficiently track all fictitious particles. The unique feature of the algorithm is the adaptive mechanism. Unlike other adaptive local grid refinement methods, the adaptive mechanism of LEZOOMPC was based on the almost "true" error estimates. The accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm were verified with the Burger's equation for a variety of cases. The robustness of the algorithm to achieve convergent solutions was demonstrated for highly nonlinear multiphase flow and reactive contaminant transport problems. JF - Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources AU - Yeh, G T AU - Cheng, H P AU - Cheng, J R AU - Short, T E AU - Enfield, C A2 - Aldama, A. A. A2 - Aparicio, J. A2 - Brebbia, C. A. A2 - Gray, W. G. A2 - Herrera, I. A2 - Pinder, G. F. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 577 EP - 584 PB - Computational Mechanics Publications VL - 11, Vol. 1 KW - solute transport KW - dispersivity KW - grid refinement KW - numerical models KW - pollution KW - hydrodynamics KW - algorithms KW - fluid dynamics KW - advection KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52125858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=An+adaptive+local+grid+refinement+to+solve+nonlinear+transport+problems+with+moving+fronts&rft.au=Yeh%2C+G+T%3BCheng%2C+H+P%3BCheng%2C+J+R%3BShort%2C+T+E%3BEnfield%2C+C&rft.aulast=Yeh&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Computational methods in subsurface flow and transport problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03136 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; algorithms; dispersivity; fluid dynamics; grid refinement; ground water; hydrodynamics; numerical models; pollution; solute transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancing groundwater flow and solute transport analyses using GIS at a Florida Superfund site AN - 52121754; 2002-027114 AB - The level of detail, or depth of assessment, when using mathematical models is measured by the amount and resolution of the data used, and the sophistication of the analyses employed. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be used to enhance model application for resolving complex environmental issues by developing automated techniques for analyses on database structures, model configuration, and model parameterization. Preliminary work for enhancing model application was conducted on databases from a Florida Superfund site. Analytical GIS procedures were developed in order to enhance the use of the three-dimensional groundwater modeling system (GMS) developed by the U.S. Army Crops of Engineers and U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Analytical map processing techniques, such as map reclassification, overlay and simple buffering around features are demonstrated. We also follow a new wave of GIS applications which concentrates on advanced statistical operations. For example, GIS was used to discovered relationships between vegetation and soil evapotranspirations. GIS and GMS played important roles in each of five modeling steps: conceptual model development, physical set up of a numerical model, calibration, routine simulation, and presentation of simulation results. JF - Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources AU - Chen, D AU - Winkie, J AU - Carsel, R AU - Moeti, L AU - Vona, B A2 - Aldama, A. A. A2 - Aparicio, J. A2 - Brebbia, C. A. A2 - Gray, W. G. A2 - Herrera, I. A2 - Pinder, G. F. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 701 EP - 707 PB - Computational Mechanics Publications VL - 11, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - three-dimensional models KW - pumping KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - karst KW - vegetation KW - fluid dynamics KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - fractures KW - recharge KW - geographic information systems KW - information systems KW - Superfund sites KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52121754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Enhancing+groundwater+flow+and+solute+transport+analyses+using+GIS+at+a+Florida+Superfund+site&rft.au=Chen%2C+D%3BWinkie%2C+J%3BCarsel%2C+R%3BMoeti%2C+L%3BVona%2C+B&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Computational methods in subsurface flow and transport problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03136 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; environmental analysis; Florida; fluid dynamics; fractures; geographic information systems; ground water; information systems; karst; mathematical models; pollution; pumping; recharge; soils; solute transport; Superfund sites; three-dimensional models; United States; vegetation; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating the changing rate of anaerobic reductive dehalogenation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons AN - 52117994; 2002-038700 JF - Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection and Remediation Conference AU - Moutoux, David E AU - Benson, Leigh Alvarado AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Lenhart, John AU - Wilson, John T AU - Hansen, Jerry E A2 - Stanley, Anita Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 399 EP - 413 PB - Ground Water Publishing Company, Westerville, OH VL - 1996 KW - vinyl chloride KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethane KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - BTEX KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - efficiency KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52117994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+changing+rate+of+anaerobic+reductive+dehalogenation+of+chlorinated+aliphatic+hydrocarbons+in+the+presence+of+petroleum+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Moutoux%2C+David+E%3BBenson%2C+Leigh+Alvarado%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BWiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BLenhart%2C+John%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E&rft.aulast=Moutoux&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1996 Petroleum hydrocarbons & organic chemicals in ground water; prevention, detection, and remediation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04977 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; anaerobic environment; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; BTEX; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; degradation; dehalogenation; efficiency; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; mathematical models; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; tetrachloroethylene; trichloroethane; vinyl chloride; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring in situ bioremediation of fuel hydrocarbons; the use of chemical and biogeochemical markers AN - 52114454; 2002-038706 JF - Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection and Remediation Conference AU - Barcelona, Michael J AU - Fang, Jiasong AU - West, Candida A2 - Stanley, Anita Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 511 EP - 524 PB - Ground Water Publishing Company, Westerville, OH VL - 1996 KW - United States KW - fatty acids KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - geochemical indicators KW - chemical properties KW - geochemistry KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - biomarkers KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - Wurtsmith Air Force Base KW - alkylbenzenes KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - Iosco County Michigan KW - hydrocarbons KW - shallow aquifers KW - Michigan KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52114454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.atitle=Monitoring+in+situ+bioremediation+of+fuel+hydrocarbons%3B+the+use+of+chemical+and+biogeochemical+markers&rft.au=Barcelona%2C+Michael+J%3BFang%2C+Jiasong%3BWest%2C+Candida&rft.aulast=Barcelona&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1996 Petroleum hydrocarbons & organic chemicals in ground water; prevention, detection, and remediation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04977 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkylbenzenes; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biochemistry; biodegradation; biomarkers; bioremediation; chemical properties; environmental analysis; fatty acids; geochemical indicators; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; in situ; Iosco County Michigan; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; military facilities; monitoring; organic acids; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; shallow aquifers; United States; Wurtsmith Air Force Base ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical protocol for evaluating the natural attenuation of chlorinated ethenes in groundwater AN - 52113770; 2002-038737 JF - Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection and Remediation Conference AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald AU - Hansen, Jerry E AU - Haas, Patrick A2 - Stanley, Anita Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 425 EP - 441 PB - Ground Water Publishing Company, Westerville, OH VL - 1996 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - organic compounds KW - ethylene KW - toxicity KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - alkenes KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52113770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.atitle=Technical+protocol+for+evaluating+the+natural+attenuation+of+chlorinated+ethenes+in+groundwater&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E%3BHaas%2C+Patrick&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1996 Petroleum hydrocarbons & organic chemicals in ground water; prevention, detection, and remediation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04977 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; attenuation; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; ethylene; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; regulations; remediation; toxicity; transport; water pollution; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazard ranking of contaminated sediments based on chemical analysis, laboratory toxicity tests, and benthic community composition; prioritizing sites for remedial action AN - 51761949; 2005-010581 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Wildhaber, Mark L AU - Schmitt, Christopher J A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 639 EP - 652 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - government agencies KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - chlorodioxins KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - ammonia compound KW - esters KW - North America KW - chlorofurans KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - Indiana Harbor KW - benzene KW - phthalates KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - Michigan KW - pesticides KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Hazard+ranking+of+contaminated+sediments+based+on+chemical+analysis%2C+laboratory+toxicity+tests%2C+and+benthic+community+composition%3B+prioritizing+sites+for+remedial+action&rft.au=Wildhaber%2C+Mark+L%3BSchmitt%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Wildhaber&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia compound; aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; benzene; Buffalo River; chlorodioxins; chlorofurans; environmental analysis; esters; fluvial environment; government agencies; Great Lakes region; hydrocarbons; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; metals; Michigan; New York; North America; organic compounds; pesticides; phthalates; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; risk assessment; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid sediment assessment; indicator analysis and screening analysis approaches AN - 51761922; 2005-010572 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Rathbun, Joseph E AU - Huellmantel, Laura Lang AU - Tracy, Mary AU - Smith, V Elliott AU - Ahlgren, Kristen A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 523 EP - 533 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - methods KW - North America KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - Ottawa River KW - sediments KW - immunoassays KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - fluvial environment KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Rapid+sediment+assessment%3B+indicator+analysis+and+screening+analysis+approaches&rft.au=Rathbun%2C+Joseph+E%3BHuellmantel%2C+Laura+Lang%3BTracy%2C+Mary%3BSmith%2C+V+Elliott%3BAhlgren%2C+Kristen&rft.aulast=Rathbun&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Buffalo River; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; immunoassays; Indiana Harbor; methods; North America; Ohio; Ottawa River; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; spectra; stream sediments; United States; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenic human health risks associated with consuming contaminated fish from five Great Lakes areas of concern AN - 51761695; 2005-010582 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Crane, Judy L A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 653 EP - 668 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - polychlorinated dibenzodioxins KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - medical geology KW - stream sediments KW - Sheboygan River KW - PCBs KW - lead KW - environmental analysis KW - Pisces KW - carcinogens KW - Ashtabula River KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Wisconsin KW - Grand Calumet River KW - Ohio KW - North America KW - Chordata KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - organo-metallics KW - Indiana Harbor KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - methylmercury KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - Michigan KW - Vertebrata KW - fluvial environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Carcinogenic+human+health+risks+associated+with+consuming+contaminated+fish+from+five+Great+Lakes+areas+of+concern&rft.au=Crane%2C+Judy+L&rft.aulast=Crane&rft.aufirst=Judy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Ashtabula River; Buffalo River; carcinogens; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Chordata; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Grand Calumet River; Great Lakes region; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; lead; medical geology; metals; methylmercury; Michigan; New York; North America; Ohio; organic compounds; organo-metallics; PCBs; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; polychlorinated dibenzodioxins; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; risk assessment; Saginaw River; sediments; Sheboygan River; stream sediments; surface water; toxicity; United States; Vertebrata; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing contamination in Great Lakes sediments using benthic invertebrate communities and the sediment quality triad approach AN - 51761666; 2005-010576 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Canfield, Timothy J AU - Dwyer, F James AU - Fairchild, James F AU - Haverland, Pamela S AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Kemble, Nile E AU - Mount, David R AU - La Point, Thomas W AU - Burton, G Allen AU - Swift, M C A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 565 EP - 583 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - benthic taxa KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - New York KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Assessing+contamination+in+Great+Lakes+sediments+using+benthic+invertebrate+communities+and+the+sediment+quality+triad+approach&rft.au=Canfield%2C+Timothy+J%3BDwyer%2C+F+James%3BFairchild%2C+James+F%3BHaverland%2C+Pamela+S%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BKemble%2C+Nile+E%3BMount%2C+David+R%3BLa+Point%2C+Thomas+W%3BBurton%2C+G+Allen%3BSwift%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Canfield&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; Buffalo River; ecosystems; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Invertebrata; Michigan; New York; North America; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the transport of sediments and hydrophobic contaminants in the lower Saginaw River AN - 51761393; 2005-010583 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Cardenas, Mary AU - Lick, Wilbert A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 669 EP - 682 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - PCBs KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - transport KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - discharge KW - hydrophobic materials KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - North America KW - numerical models KW - sediment transport KW - Saginaw County Michigan KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - Tuscola County Michigan KW - fluvial sedimentation KW - two-dimensional models KW - organic compounds KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+transport+of+sediments+and+hydrophobic+contaminants+in+the+lower+Saginaw+River&rft.au=Cardenas%2C+Mary%3BLick%2C+Wilbert&rft.aulast=Cardenas&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=669&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; discharge; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; fluvial sedimentation; Great Lakes region; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrodynamics; hydrophobic materials; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; North America; numerical models; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw County Michigan; Saginaw River; sediment transport; sedimentation; sediments; simulation; stream sediments; transport; Tuscola County Michigan; two-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments (ARCS) Program AN - 51761366; 2005-010568 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 493 EP - 682 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - monitoring KW - Great Lakes region KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - Clean Water Act KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=The+Assessment+and+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments+%28ARCS%29+Program&rft.title=The+Assessment+and+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments+%28ARCS%29+Program&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clean Water Act; environmental analysis; government agencies; Great Lakes region; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; monitoring; North America; pollution; remediation; sediments; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and calibration of a fine-grained sediment transport model for the Buffalo River AN - 51761258; 2005-010587 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Gailani, Joseph AU - Lick, Wilbert AU - Ziegler, C Kirk AU - Endicott, Douglas Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 765 EP - 778 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - Buffalo River KW - stream transport KW - numerical models KW - sediment transport KW - grain size KW - fines KW - surface water KW - sedimentation KW - suspended materials KW - fluvial sedimentation KW - models KW - New York KW - Erie County New York KW - hydrodynamics KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Development+and+calibration+of+a+fine-grained+sediment+transport+model+for+the+Buffalo+River&rft.au=Gailani%2C+Joseph%3BLick%2C+Wilbert%3BZiegler%2C+C+Kirk%3BEndicott%2C+Douglas&rft.aulast=Gailani&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Buffalo River; Erie County New York; fines; fluvial sedimentation; grain size; hydrodynamics; models; New York; numerical models; sediment transport; sedimentation; stream transport; surface water; suspended materials; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of toxicity identification evaluation techniques to pore water from Buffalo River sediments AN - 51761072; 2005-010573 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K AU - Dierkes, Joseph R A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 534 EP - 544 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - Chordata KW - Buffalo River KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - Pisces KW - New York KW - Erie County New York KW - toxicity KW - metals KW - sediments KW - Vertebrata KW - geochemistry KW - fluvial environment KW - pore water KW - ammonia compound KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Application+of+toxicity+identification+evaluation+techniques+to+pore+water+from+Buffalo+River+sediments&rft.au=Ankley%2C+Gerald+T%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+Mary+K%3BDierkes%2C+Joseph+R&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=534&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia compound; Buffalo River; Chordata; environmental analysis; Erie County New York; fluvial environment; geochemistry; government agencies; metals; New York; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; pore water; remediation; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calculation and evaluation of sediment effect concentrations for the amphipod Hyalella azteca and the midge Chironomus riparius AN - 51760688; 2005-010579 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Haverland, Pamela S AU - Brunson, Eric L AU - Canfield, Timothy J AU - Dwyer, F James AU - Henke, Christopher E AU - Kemble, Nile E AU - Mount, David R AU - Fox, Richard G A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 602 EP - 623 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - PCBs KW - Alabama KW - Hyalella KW - Malacostraca KW - toxicity KW - Invertebrata KW - Mississippi River KW - Waukegan Harbor KW - Insecta KW - North America KW - living taxa KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - Texas KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - Mandibulata KW - Chironomus KW - hydrocarbons KW - Michigan KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Buffalo River KW - stream sediments KW - Clark Fork KW - environmental analysis KW - Trinity River KW - sampling KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - Mobile Bay KW - Minnesota KW - concentration KW - Illinois KW - Crustacea KW - pollution KW - Chironomus riparius KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - Indiana Harbor KW - Montana KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Galveston Bay KW - Arthropoda KW - Amphipoda KW - metals KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51760688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Calculation+and+evaluation+of+sediment+effect+concentrations+for+the+amphipod+Hyalella+azteca+and+the+midge+Chironomus+riparius&rft.au=Ingersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BHaverland%2C+Pamela+S%3BBrunson%2C+Eric+L%3BCanfield%2C+Timothy+J%3BDwyer%2C+F+James%3BHenke%2C+Christopher+E%3BKemble%2C+Nile+E%3BMount%2C+David+R%3BFox%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Ingersoll&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alabama; Amphipoda; aromatic hydrocarbons; Arthropoda; Buffalo River; Chironomus; Chironomus riparius; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Clark Fork; concentration; Crustacea; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Galveston Bay; Great Lakes; Gulf Coastal Plain; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hyalella; Hyalella azteca; hydrocarbons; Illinois; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Insecta; Invertebrata; living taxa; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; metals; Michigan; Minnesota; Mississippi River; Mobile Bay; Montana; New York; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Saginaw River; sampling; sediments; stream sediments; Texas; toxicity; Trinity River; United States; Waukegan Harbor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical considerations in sediment quality surveys AN - 51760296; 2005-010571 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Smith, V Elliott AU - Rathbun, Joseph E AU - Rood, Stephen G AU - Huellmantel, Laura Lang A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 512 EP - 522 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - methods KW - North America KW - Global Positioning System KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - cores KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - surveys KW - Great Lakes KW - remote sensing KW - lake sediments KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51760296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Technical+considerations+in+sediment+quality+surveys&rft.au=Smith%2C+V+Elliott%3BRathbun%2C+Joseph+E%3BRood%2C+Stephen+G%3BHuellmantel%2C+Laura+Lang&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 plates N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cores; environmental analysis; field studies; Global Positioning System; government agencies; Great Lakes; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; methods; North America; pollution; remote sensing; sampling; sediments; surveys; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Problems and recommendations in using algal toxicity testing to evaluate contaminated sediments AN - 51759554; 2005-010574 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Hall, Nadine E AU - Fairchild, James F AU - La Point, Thomas W AU - Heine, Paul R AU - Ruessler, David S AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 545 EP - 556 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - methods KW - photosynthesis KW - phytoplankton KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - ecosystems KW - plankton KW - algae KW - environmental analysis KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - North America KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - photochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - Indiana Harbor KW - New York KW - testing KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51759554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Problems+and+recommendations+in+using+algal+toxicity+testing+to+evaluate+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Hall%2C+Nadine+E%3BFairchild%2C+James+F%3BLa+Point%2C+Thomas+W%3BHeine%2C+Paul+R%3BRuessler%2C+David+S%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Nadine&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; bioassays; Buffalo River; ecosystems; environmental analysis; experimental studies; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; methods; New York; North America; photochemistry; photosynthesis; phytoplankton; plankton; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; testing; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of sediment toxicity test methods at three Great Lake areas of concern AN - 51759115; 2005-010570 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Burton, G Allen, Jr AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Burnett, LouAnn C AU - Henry, Mary AU - Hinman, Mark L AU - Klaine, Stephen J AU - Landrum, Peter F AU - Ross, Philippe AU - Tuchman, Marc A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 495 EP - 511 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - Calumet River KW - ecosystems KW - Hexagenia KW - algae KW - environmental analysis KW - Hyalella KW - Pisces KW - Malacostraca KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - Insecta KW - Ceriodaphnia KW - North America KW - Plantae KW - Chordata KW - Lemna KW - living taxa KW - Diporeia KW - Crustacea KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - Daphnia KW - Arthropoda KW - Amphipoda KW - Mandibulata KW - Chironomus KW - Hydrilla KW - bacteria KW - Pimephales KW - testing KW - Vertebrata KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51759115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+sediment+toxicity+test+methods+at+three+Great+Lake+areas+of+concern&rft.au=Burton%2C+G+Allen%2C+Jr%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BBurnett%2C+LouAnn+C%3BHenry%2C+Mary%3BHinman%2C+Mark+L%3BKlaine%2C+Stephen+J%3BLandrum%2C+Peter+F%3BRoss%2C+Philippe%3BTuchman%2C+Marc&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; Amphipoda; Arthropoda; bacteria; bioassays; Buffalo River; Calumet River; Ceriodaphnia; Chironomus; Chordata; Crustacea; Daphnia; Diporeia; ecosystems; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Hexagenia; Hyalella; Hydrilla; Insecta; Invertebrata; Lemna; living taxa; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; North America; Pimephales; Pisces; Plantae; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; testing; toxicity; United States; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of Great Lakes sediments AN - 51758866; 2005-010578 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Papoulias, Diana M AU - Buckler, Denny R A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 591 EP - 601 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - Ames method KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - mutagenicity KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - sampling KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+Great+Lakes+sediments&rft.au=Papoulias%2C+Diana+M%3BBuckler%2C+Denny+R&rft.aulast=Papoulias&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ames method; aquatic environment; Buffalo River; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Michigan; mutagenicity; New York; North America; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sampling; sediments; stream sediments; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sampling benthic communities for sediment toxicity assessments using grab samplers and artificial substrates AN - 51758832; 2005-010575 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Swift, Michael C AU - Canfield, Timothy J AU - La Point, Thomas W A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 557 EP - 564 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - Little Scioto River KW - Vermes KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - substrates KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - Ohio KW - North America KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - Indiana Harbor KW - Montana KW - New York KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - Milltown Reservoir KW - grab sampling KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Sampling+benthic+communities+for+sediment+toxicity+assessments+using+grab+samplers+and+artificial+substrates&rft.au=Swift%2C+Michael+C%3BCanfield%2C+Timothy+J%3BLa+Point%2C+Thomas+W&rft.aulast=Swift&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=557&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; Buffalo River; ecosystems; environmental analysis; field studies; fluvial environment; grab sampling; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Invertebrata; Little Scioto River; Michigan; Milltown Reservoir; Montana; New York; North America; Ohio; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sampling; sediments; stream sediments; substrates; toxicity; United States; Vermes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization of the Ames/salmonella mutagenicity assay for use with extracts of aquatic sediments AN - 51758615; 2005-010577 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Papoulias, Diana M AU - Buckler, Denny R AU - Tillitt, Donald E A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 584 EP - 590 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - Ames method KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - mutagenicity KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - assays KW - New York KW - toxicity KW - chromatograms KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Optimization+of+the+Ames%2Fsalmonella+mutagenicity+assay+for+use+with+extracts+of+aquatic+sediments&rft.au=Papoulias%2C+Diana+M%3BBuckler%2C+Denny+R%3BTillitt%2C+Donald+E&rft.aulast=Papoulias&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=584&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ames method; aquatic environment; assays; Buffalo River; chromatograms; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Michigan; mutagenicity; New York; North America; optimization; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disposal of wastes and dredged sediments in the New York Bight AN - 51210363; 2000-048580 AB - This paper provides an historical overview of ocean disposal activities in the New York Bight under the federal ocean disposal program established by the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA) of 1972 and modified by the Ocean Dumping Ban Act (ODBA) of 1988 and the Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) of 1992. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for designating and managing ocean disposal sites, and for enforcing permit and statutory requirements. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is responsible for issuing dredged material permits; EPA, for all other ocean disposal permits. Programs have included those for acid waste, industrial waste, cellar dirt, woodburning at sea, municipal sewage sludge, and dredged material. The volumes, geographic extent, duration, regulations, and current status of these disposal activities are examined. Historical trends include increases in scientific research, public concern and involvement, government oversight, and the use of non-ocean alternatives, as well as a dramatic decrease in ocean disposal activities. JF - Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences AU - Massa, Audrey A AU - Del Vicario, Mario AU - Pabst, Douglas AU - Pechko, Patricia AU - Lechich, Alex AU - Stern, Eric A AU - Dieterich, Robert AU - May, Brian AU - Friedman, Gerald M Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 265 EP - 285 PB - Northeastern Science Foundation, Troy, NY VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 1933-2742, 1933-2742 KW - United States KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - Bight Apex KW - sewage KW - public policy KW - government agencies KW - waste disposal sites KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - environmental analysis KW - dredged materials KW - history KW - New York KW - planning KW - industrial waste KW - coastal environment KW - New York Bight KW - Hudson Valley KW - waste disposal KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51210363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.atitle=Disposal+of+wastes+and+dredged+sediments+in+the+New+York+Bight&rft.au=Massa%2C+Audrey+A%3BDel+Vicario%2C+Mario%3BPabst%2C+Douglas%3BPechko%2C+Patricia%3BLechich%2C+Alex%3BStern%2C+Eric+A%3BDieterich%2C+Robert%3BMay%2C+Brian%3BFriedman%2C+Gerald+M&rft.aulast=Massa&rft.aufirst=Audrey&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.issn=19332742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Waste management and dredged-material disposal in the nearshore environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; Bight Apex; coastal environment; dredged materials; environmental analysis; government agencies; history; Hudson Valley; industrial waste; New York; New York Bight; North Atlantic; Northwest Atlantic; planning; public policy; sewage; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Closure of the New York Bight 12-mile sewage sludge dumpsite; ecosystem responses with implications for resource management AN - 51210321; 2000-048584 AB - In the early 1970s, a large area of the New York Bight was closed to shellfish harvesting primarily due to microbial contamination from sewage sludge dumping for half a century at a site 12 miles off the coasts of New York and New Jersey. By the mid-1980s, no single policy issue of coastal water use generated as much public concern as that of ocean dumping of waste material, particularly sewage sludge. The 1987 closure of the sewage sludge dumpsite provided an opportunity to study the response of coastal living resources and their habitats to removal of a major source of contaminants and nutrients. In anticipation of the closure of the dumpsite, a multidisciplinary program was established which was based on a number of testable hypotheses related to expected changes in the habitats and biota. The field studies comprised monthly surveys for a minimum of 18 months preceding and 23 months following closure of the site in December 1987. Since 1989, selected variables have been monitored semi-annually. Following cessation of dumping, significant changes occurred in bottom-water and surface-sediment quality. These included precipitous decreases in levels of coliform bacteria at several study sites and slower declines in concentrations of labile organic material, Clostridium perfringens spores, and trace metals. Seabed oxygen consumption decreased and was accompanied by increased sediment redox potential resulting in mitigation of annual hypoxic conditions by >2 mg/L. Shifts in the macrobenthic community (greater diversity and lower abundances of species associated with organic carbon pollution) were correlated with the changing environmental conditions, particularly increased oxygenation. No statistically significant changes were detected in abundances of fishes during the 39 months they were studied. However, lobster abundance increased, accompanied by an increase in the number of lobster traps (the latter possibly due to a perceived decrease on the part of the lobstermen in the rate of fouling). Selected variables have been followed since 1989 to permit testing of statistical trend forecasts. For example, through 1995, Clostridium perfringens spore counts have continued a slow, steady decline projected to continue for 7 to 10 more years. Results from this study help to establish a sound scientific basis on which managers can consider resources when wastes are introduced to coastal marine systems. JF - Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences AU - Draxler, A F J AU - Studholme, A L AU - Zdanowicz, V S AU - Reid, R N AU - Vitaliano, J J AU - Wilk, S J AU - Katz, I AU - O'Reilly, J E AU - Friedman, Gerald M Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 293 EP - 303 PB - Northeastern Science Foundation, Troy, NY VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 1933-2742, 1933-2742 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - biodegradation KW - benthic taxa KW - sewage KW - pollutants KW - public policy KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - preventive measures KW - New York KW - marine environment KW - surveys KW - New York Bight KW - waste disposal KW - resource management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51210321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.atitle=Closure+of+the+New+York+Bight+12-mile+sewage+sludge+dumpsite%3B+ecosystem+responses+with+implications+for+resource+management&rft.au=Draxler%2C+A+F+J%3BStudholme%2C+A+L%3BZdanowicz%2C+V+S%3BReid%2C+R+N%3BVitaliano%2C+J+J%3BWilk%2C+S+J%3BKatz%2C+I%3BO%27Reilly%2C+J+E%3BFriedman%2C+Gerald+M&rft.aulast=Draxler&rft.aufirst=A+F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.issn=19332742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Waste management and dredged-material disposal in the nearshore environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; biodegradation; ecosystems; environmental analysis; marine environment; New York; New York Bight; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; public policy; resource management; sewage; surveys; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial analysis of bathymetry with ecological indicators in Chesapeake Bay AN - 51157653; 2003-062304 JF - ESRI Map Book AU - Copeland, Jane AU - Comeleo, Randy AU - Paul, John F Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 64 PB - Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, CA VL - 11 SN - 1540-4145, 1540-4145 KW - United States KW - programs KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Virginia KW - oxygen KW - cartography KW - ArcGIS KW - data processing KW - solutes KW - ArcInfo KW - indicators KW - environmental analysis KW - geographic information systems KW - dissolved oxygen KW - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program KW - EMAP KW - information systems KW - ecology KW - applications KW - Maryland KW - bathymetry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51157653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ESRI+Map+Book&rft.atitle=Spatial+analysis+of+bathymetry+with+ecological+indicators+in+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Copeland%2C+Jane%3BComeleo%2C+Randy%3BPaul%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ESRI+Map+Book&rft.issn=15404145&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; ArcGIS; ArcInfo; bathymetry; cartography; Chesapeake Bay; data processing; dissolved oxygen; ecology; EMAP; environmental analysis; Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program; geographic information systems; indicators; information systems; Maryland; oxygen; programs; solutes; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approximation of biodegradation rate constants for monoaromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) in ground water AN - 51058758; 1996-079059 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Miller, Ross H AU - Hansen, Jerry E Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 186 EP - 194 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - sorption KW - contaminant plumes KW - toluene KW - one-dimensional models KW - Davis County Utah KW - observation wells KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - volatilization KW - transport KW - oil spills KW - tracers KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - rates KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - dilution KW - Hill Air Force Base KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - Utah KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51058758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Approximation+of+biodegradation+rate+constants+for+monoaromatic+hydrocarbons+%28BTEX%29+in+ground+water&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BMiller%2C+Ross+H%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; contaminant plumes; Davis County Utah; dilution; ground water; Hill Air Force Base; hydrocarbons; models; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; observation wells; oil spills; one-dimensional models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; rates; remediation; solutes; sorption; steady-state processes; toluene; tracers; transport; United States; Utah; volatilization; wells; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparability of large-scale studies of agricultural chemical contamination of rural private wells AN - 51050948; 1996-071192 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Ray, Chittaranjan AU - Schock, Susan C Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 92 EP - 102 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - detection limit KW - techniques KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - simazine KW - sampling KW - agrochemicals KW - alachlor KW - nitrate ion KW - chemical composition KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - metolachlor KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - atrazine KW - rural environment KW - pesticides KW - water wells KW - National Pesticide Survey KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51050948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Comparability+of+large-scale+studies+of+agricultural+chemical+contamination+of+rural+private+wells&rft.au=Ray%2C+Chittaranjan%3BSchock%2C+Susan+C&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=Chittaranjan&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; alachlor; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; atrazine; chemical composition; concentration; detection; detection limit; drinking water; ground water; herbicides; metolachlor; National Pesticide Survey; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; rural environment; sampling; simazine; techniques; triazines; United States; water quality; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compatibility of NAPLs and other organic compounds with materials used in well construction, sampling, and remediation AN - 51046523; 1997-034451 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - McCaulou, Douglas R AU - Jewett, David G AU - Huling, Scott G Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 125 EP - 131 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - hazardous waste KW - corrosion KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - sealing KW - degradation KW - creosote KW - chemical waste KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - preventive measures KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - infiltration KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - water wells KW - construction KW - construction materials KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51046523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Compatibility+of+NAPLs+and+other+organic+compounds+with+materials+used+in+well+construction%2C+sampling%2C+and+remediation&rft.au=McCaulou%2C+Douglas+R%3BJewett%2C+David+G%3BHuling%2C+Scott+G&rft.aulast=McCaulou&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical properties; chemical waste; construction; construction materials; corrosion; creosote; degradation; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; ground water; hazardous waste; industrial waste; infiltration; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; preventive measures; sealing; solvents; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Illinois Source Water Protection Program; small system benefits; a groundwater perspective AN - 51029567; 1999-016748 JF - Proceedings, AWWA Annual Conference AU - Cobb, Richard P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 585 EP - 594 PB - American Water Works Association, Denver, CO VL - 1996, Vol. A SN - 0360-814X, 0360-814X KW - United States KW - protection KW - water quality KW - programs KW - Illinois Groundwater Protection Act 1987 KW - Marengo Illinois KW - Illinois KW - Illinois Source Water Protection Program KW - water management KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - Illinois Environmental Protection Agency KW - planning KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51029567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings%2C+AWWA+Annual+Conference&rft.atitle=Illinois+Source+Water+Protection+Program%3B+small+system+benefits%3B+a+groundwater+perspective&rft.au=Cobb%2C+Richard+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cobb&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996%2C+Vol.+A&rft.issue=&rft.spage=585&rft.isbn=089867879X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings%2C+AWWA+Annual+Conference&rft.issn=0360814X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Water Works Association, 1996 annual conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; drinking water; ground water; Illinois; Illinois Environmental Protection Agency; Illinois Groundwater Protection Act 1987; Illinois Source Water Protection Program; Marengo Illinois; planning; programs; protection; United States; water management; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Composition and morphology of late Quaternary carbonate deposits, outer continental shelf, Northeast Gulf of Mexico AN - 50938390; 1997-017849 AB - Organically-produced carbonate features are common on the outer continental shelf from east of the Mississippi River delta to the western rim of the De Soto Canyon. The features are composed of various assemblages of calcareous algae, chelostomes bryozoans, serpulid worms, foraminifrea, and corals. Lithologies are primarily bindstones with some associated wackestones and packstones. Marine and some possible meteoric cements are minor components. The features investigated to date occur in five morphologic configurations: pinnacles, flat-top reefs, patch reefs, reef-like mounds, and isobath parallel ridges. Pinnacles are high-relief, spire-like structures 10-50 m wide at their bases and up to 18m tall. They are found in an elongated, curved cluster in the southwest part of the study area at depths of 105-120 m and scattered in the far west at depths of 77-90 m. Flat-top reefs are broad, steep sided features up to 1000 m across and 15 m in vertical relief. They are located in the west-central region between 74-82 m. Patch reefs are mostly mushroom shaped with 1-5 m wide pedestal-like bases and bulbous tops up to 10 m across. They occur at depths of 74-84 m in at least two separate fields in the western region. Reef-like mounds are found along the western rim of the De Soto Canyon. They are 10-70 m wide, up to 4 m high and are found at depths of 70-80 m. Isobath parallel ridges are 10's to 100's of meters wide and up to 15 km long with seaward facing escarpments up to 8 m in relief. Most are confined to a depth range of 68-76 m. The carbonate material represents a crust over relict barrier island or longshore bar deposits. These organic features developed during the transgression following the last Wisconsinan lowstand. Subsequent growth accompanied sea level rise until they were either unable to keep pace with the rate of rise and drowned and/or were exposed to regional environmental changes, such as variations in magnitude or location of fresh water and sediment discharge, that were unsuitable for normal growth and reproduction. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Schroeder, W W AU - Benson, D J AU - Pearce, P J AU - Hancock, K M AU - Sager, W W AU - Howard, R O AU - Shultz, A W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 127 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 5 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - Bryozoa KW - Vermes KW - reefs KW - fresh water KW - algae KW - De Soto Canyon KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Wisconsinan KW - variations KW - relief KW - patch reefs KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Foraminifera KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - outer shelf KW - boundstone KW - pinnacle reefs KW - Anthozoa KW - Invertebrata KW - Louisiana KW - discharge KW - Plantae KW - Protista KW - Quaternary KW - assemblages KW - Mississippi Delta KW - northeastern Gulf of Mexico KW - Coelenterata KW - sea-level changes KW - upper Quaternary KW - Pleistocene KW - scarps KW - continental shelf KW - Cnidaria KW - North Atlantic KW - carbonate rocks KW - microfossils KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50938390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Composition+and+morphology+of+late+Quaternary+carbonate+deposits%2C+outer+continental+shelf%2C+Northeast+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+W+W%3BBenson%2C+D+J%3BPearce%2C+P+J%3BHancock%2C+K+M%3BSager%2C+W+W%3BHoward%2C+R+O%3BShultz%2C+A+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1996 annual convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; Anthozoa; assemblages; Atlantic Ocean; boundstone; Bryozoa; carbonate rocks; Cenozoic; Cnidaria; Coelenterata; continental shelf; De Soto Canyon; discharge; Foraminifera; fresh water; Gulf of Mexico; Invertebrata; Louisiana; microfossils; Mississippi Delta; North Atlantic; northeastern Gulf of Mexico; outer shelf; patch reefs; pinnacle reefs; Plantae; Pleistocene; Protista; Quaternary; reefs; relief; scarps; sea-level changes; sedimentary rocks; United States; upper Pleistocene; upper Quaternary; variations; Vermes; Wisconsinan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A composite model for assessing subsurface transport of oily wastes; verification and site application AN - 50937285; 1997-017629 AB - A composite numerical model incorporating multiphase flow and transport in the unsaturated and saturated zones has been developed for predicting the subsurface migration of oily wastes and dissolved constituents. The composite simulator consists of three major interconnected computational modules: (1) vertical multiphase flow and transport in the unsaturated zone, (2) areal movement of the free-product lens in the saturated zone, and (3) constituent 3-D transport of dissolved chemical in ambient groundwater. The model accounts for all key transport processes including infiltration and ambient flow of NAPL, entrapment of residual NAPL, adsorption, volatilization, degradation, dissolution of chemical constituents, and advective-dispersive transport. Two examples are presented to demonstrate the model verification and site application. The composite model also can simulate biochemical degradation and chemical reactions that produce transformation products. Simulation results obtained using the composite model are compared with a rigorous numerical solution and field observations of crude oil saturations and plume concentrations of total dissolved organic carbon at a spill site in Minnesota. These comparisons demonstrate the ability of the composite model to provide realistic depiction of field-scale situations in a computationally efficient and cost-effective manner. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Panday, S AU - Wu, Y S AU - Huyakorn, P S AU - Wade, S C AU - Saleem, Z A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 110 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 5 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - unsaturated zone KW - solution KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - volatilization KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - carbon KW - oil spills KW - crude oil KW - applications KW - organic carbon KW - organic materials KW - Minnesota KW - numerical models KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - petroleum products KW - advection KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved materials KW - infiltration KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50937285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=A+composite+model+for+assessing+subsurface+transport+of+oily+wastes%3B+verification+and+site+application&rft.au=Panday%2C+S%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BHuyakorn%2C+P+S%3BWade%2C+S+C%3BSaleem%2C+Z+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Panday&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1996 annual convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; advection; applications; carbon; chemical dispersion; contaminant plumes; crude oil; degradation; dissolved materials; ground water; infiltration; Minnesota; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; oil spills; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; saturated zone; simulation; solution; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; volatilization; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Case study 1; The Chesapeake Bay Programme, U.S.A. AN - 50934633; 1997-044407 JF - Reports and Studies - IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection (GESAMP) AU - Matuszeski, William AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 25 EP - 30 PB - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris VL - 61 SN - 1020-4873, 1020-4873 KW - United States KW - protection KW - water quality KW - programs KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Susquehanna River basin KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - nutrients KW - models KW - case studies KW - marine environment KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - estuarine environment KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50934633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reports+and+Studies+-+IMO%2FFAO%2FUNESCO-IOC%2FWMO%2FIAEA%2FUN%2FUNEP+Joint+Group+of+Experts+on+the+Scientific+Aspects+of+Marine+Environmental+Protection+%28GESAMP%29&rft.atitle=Case+study+1%3B+The+Chesapeake+Bay+Programme%2C+U.S.A.&rft.au=Matuszeski%2C+William%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Matuszeski&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=9251038562&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reports+and+Studies+-+IMO%2FFAO%2FUNESCO-IOC%2FWMO%2FIAEA%2FUN%2FUNEP+Joint+Group+of+Experts+on+the+Scientific+Aspects+of+Marine+Environmental+Protection+%28GESAMP%29&rft.issn=10204873&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; case studies; Chesapeake Bay; coastal environment; ecosystems; estuarine environment; marine environment; models; nutrients; policy; pollution; programs; protection; risk assessment; Susquehanna River basin; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U. S. Geological Survey protocol for measuring low levels of inorganic constituents, including trace elements, in surface-water samples AN - 50934373; 1997-055842 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Fitzgerald, Kathleen K AU - Miller, Timothy L AU - Horowitz, Arthur J AU - Demas, Charles R AU - Rickert, D A A2 - Morgan, James Howard Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 329 EP - 342 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1282 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - water quality KW - water supply KW - survey organizations KW - detection limit KW - U. S. Geological Survey KW - surface water KW - government agencies KW - pollution KW - standardization KW - samplers KW - research KW - errors KW - detection KW - sampling KW - quality control KW - trace elements KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50934373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+protocol+for+measuring+low+levels+of+inorganic+constituents%2C+including+trace+elements%2C+in+surface-water+samples&rft.au=Fitzgerald%2C+Kathleen+K%3BMiller%2C+Timothy+L%3BHorowitz%2C+Arthur+J%3BDemas%2C+Charles+R%3BRickert%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Fitzgerald&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1282&rft.issue=&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=0803120435&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Sampling environmental media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detection; detection limit; errors; government agencies; pollution; quality control; research; samplers; sampling; standardization; surface water; survey organizations; trace elements; U. S. Geological Survey; water quality; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A preliminary evaluation of sediment quality assessment values for freshwater ecosystems AN - 50284017; 2005-010580 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Smith, Sherri L AU - MacDonald, Donald D AU - Keenleyside, Karen A AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Field, L Jay A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 624 EP - 638 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - benthic taxa KW - stream sediments KW - PCBs KW - fresh water KW - environmental analysis KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - probability KW - North America KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - threshold effect levels KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - lacustrine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - testing KW - trace metals KW - pesticides KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50284017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=A+preliminary+evaluation+of+sediment+quality+assessment+values+for+freshwater+ecosystems&rft.au=Smith%2C+Sherri+L%3BMacDonald%2C+Donald+D%3BKeenleyside%2C+Karen+A%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BField%2C+L+Jay&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Sherri&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=624&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; Canada; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; fresh water; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; probability; sediments; statistical analysis; stream sediments; testing; threshold effect levels; toxicity; trace metals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis procedure for and application of a device for simulating sediment entrainment AN - 50069930; 1996-020888 AB - The problem of estimating entrainment rates for cohesive bed sediments has been approached. An analysis procedure was developed for characterizing entrainment of cohesive bed sediments using a device called a Particle Entrainment Simulator (PES), which simulates bed shear effects on sediment entrainment. While most of the available techniques to calculate entrainment rates are based on theoretical parameterizations using the flow field, the PES technique and its method of analysis provide a tool to directly measure entrainment, under controlled laboratory settings, representative of existing or predicted conditions of bed stress, sediment compaction and cohesion, and (if any) bioturbation. The analysis procedure calculates entrainment rates using data generated from experiments conducted on sediment cores with the PES. The procedure was applied to determine entrainment rates for two different marine sites. The first, in Puget Sound, was used to validate the procedure with field data for a tidally-dominated period of time. Entrainment rates were calculated at a second site on Hudson Shelf Valley where storm generated wave and current effects are important. Suspended sediment concentration distributions in the water column were calculated at both sites using PES-generated entrainment-stress functions. Good agreement was reached between the calculated and observed suspended sediment concentrations at 5 m above the bed for the Puget Sound application. Observations were not available for suspended sediment concentration comparisons for the Hudson Shelf Valley application. JF - Marine Geology AU - Abdelrhman, Mohamed A AU - Paul, John F AU - Davis, Wayne R Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 337 EP - 350 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 129 IS - 3-4 SN - 0025-3227, 0025-3227 KW - United States KW - Northeast Pacific KW - shear stress KW - particle entrainment simulators KW - marine geology KW - turbulence KW - simulation KW - marine sedimentation KW - Hudson Shelf Valley KW - Puget Sound KW - sedimentation rates KW - East Pacific KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - Washington KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - sedimentation KW - cohesive materials KW - case studies KW - New York KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - New York Bight KW - North Atlantic KW - regression analysis KW - instruments KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - field studies KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50069930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geology&rft.atitle=Analysis+procedure+for+and+application+of+a+device+for+simulating+sediment+entrainment&rft.au=Abdelrhman%2C+Mohamed+A%3BPaul%2C+John+F%3BDavis%2C+Wayne+R&rft.aulast=Abdelrhman&rft.aufirst=Mohamed&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geology&rft.issn=00253227&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00253227 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - U. S. Environ. Prot. Agency, Narragansett Environ. Res. Lab., Contrib. No. 1524 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MAGEA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; case studies; cohesive materials; East Pacific; field studies; Hudson Shelf Valley; instruments; marine geology; marine sedimentation; New York; New York Bight; North Atlantic; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Northwest Atlantic; Pacific Ocean; particle entrainment simulators; Puget Sound; regression analysis; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; shear stress; simulation; statistical analysis; time series analysis; turbulence; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cholangioma in a wild-caught sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) from the northern Gulf of Mexico AN - 17089099; 3902475 AB - A single case of a cholangioma occurred in the liver of a wild-caught sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus). This is the first biliary neoplasm and second case of a hepatic neoplasm reported from a wild-caught speciment of this species. The findings further demonstrate the susceptibility of the sheepshead minnow to neoplasm development and add support to its selection as a subject for field monitoring of carcinogenic exposure. JF - Gulf Research Reports AU - Courtney, LA AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Gulf Ecol. Div., Cent. Mar. and Estuar. Dis. Res., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 211 EP - 213 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0072-9027, 0072-9027 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - chemical pollution KW - lesions KW - fish diseases KW - carcinogenesis KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Santa Rosa Sound KW - pollution indicators KW - indicator species KW - brackishwater fish KW - Brackish KW - Cyprinodon variegatus KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17089099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gulf+Research+Reports&rft.atitle=Cholangioma+in+a+wild-caught+sheepshead+minnow+%28Cyprinodon+variegatus%29+from+the+northern+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Courtney%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Courtney&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gulf+Research+Reports&rft.issn=00729027&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollution; lesions; carcinogenesis; fish diseases; indicator species; pollution indicators; brackishwater fish; Cyprinodon variegatus; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Florida, Santa Rosa Sound; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A microemulsification approach for removing organolead and gasoline from contaminated soil AN - 17074576; 3895549 AB - Remediation of soils contaminated with leaded gasoline due to leakage, spillage, and inappropriate disposal is an important environmental consideration. Columns of a loam soil initially saturated with saline solution (aqueous 0.01 M NaCl) were contaminated with 48 ml of leaded gasoline. The contaminated soil columns were then flushed sequentially with saline and surfactant/cosurfactant/water (S/CoS/W) solutions in order to investigate removal efficiencies for residual tetraethyl lead (TEL) and gasoline components. As expected, the saline solution immiscibly displaced only limited amounts of mobile gasoline and associated TEL (dissolving in gasoline) components from the soil columns. However, immobile or residual gasoline and associated TEL entrapped in the soil pores were removed primarily as the S/CoS/W solution produced leaded-gasoline-in-water (LG/W) microemulsions. The S/CoS/W solution removed 95% of the immobile gasoline and 90% of the immobile Pb from the soil columns when the initial saturation of leaded gasoline was approximately 30% (or 48 ml) in the soil columns. Mass balance analysis shows that one gram of surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate) removed 0.6 g of immobile gasoline and 2 mg of immobile Pb from the soil. These immobile gasoline and immobile Pb were not removable by NaCl solution. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Mansell, R S AU - Rhue, R D AD - CDSI, US-EPA, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 23 EP - 35 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - soil remediation KW - gasoline KW - oil spills KW - surfactants KW - lead KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17074576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=A+microemulsification+approach+for+removing+organolead+and+gasoline+from+contaminated+soil&rft.au=Ouyang%2C+Y%3BMansell%2C+R+S%3BRhue%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Ouyang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil remediation; gasoline; lead; surfactants; oil spills ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotransformation of 6,6-dimethylfulvene by Pseudomonas putida RE213 AN - 17070482; 3893704 AB - The biotransformation of 6,6-dimethylfulvene [5-(1-methylethylidene)-1,3-cyclopentadiene], a nonaromatic C sub(5) carbocyclic analog of isopropylbenzene, was examined by using Pseudomonas putida RE213, a Tn5-generated dihydrodiol-accumulating mutant of the isopropylbenzene-degrading strain P. putida RE204. 6,6-Dimethylfulvene was converted to a single chiral product identified as (+)-(1R,2S)-cis -1,2-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethylidene) 3-cyclopentene. This isopropylbenzene 2,3-dioxygenase-catalyzed transformation demonstrates the potential of bacterial arene dioxygenases for the direct conversion of cyclopentadienylidene compounds to homochiral C sub(5) carbocyclic cis-diols for use in enantiocontrolled organic syntheses. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Eaton, R W AU - Selifonov, SA AD - U.S. Environ. Protection Agency, NHEERL, Gulf Ecol. Div., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 756 EP - 760 VL - 62 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - 6,6-dimethylfulvene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - transformation KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17070482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Biotransformation+of+6%2C6-dimethylfulvene+by+Pseudomonas+putida+RE213&rft.au=Eaton%2C+R+W%3BSelifonov%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=756&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - transformation; Pseudomonas putida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of an ipb-lux fusion to study regulation of the isopropylbenzene catabolism operon of Pseudomonas putida RE204 and to detect hydrophobic pollutants in the environment AN - 17069308; 3893702 AB - A DNA segment involved in the regulation of the isopropylbenzene (cumene) catabolism operon (ipb) of plasmid pRE4 from Pseudomonas putida RE204 and the Vibrio fischeri luciferase genes, luxCDABE, were used to create an ipbRo/pA'-luxCDABE reporter fusion plasmid, pOS25. Escherichia coli HMS174(pOS25) produces light in the presence of inducers of the ipb operon. These inducers were shown to be hydrophobic compounds and to include monoalkylbenzenes, substituted benzenes and toluenes, some alkanes and cycloalkanes, chlorinated solvents, and naphthalenes. Complex hydrocarbon mixtures, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuels (JP-4 and JP-5), and creosote, were also inducers of ipb-lux. Bacteria carrying the ipb-lux reporter may be useful as bioindicators of hydrocarbon pollution in the environment and may be particularly valuable for examining the bioavailability of inducing pollutants. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Selifonova, O V AU - Eaton, R W AD - Gulf Ecol. Div., NHEERL, U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 778 EP - 783 VL - 62 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - ipb gene KW - isopropylbenzene KW - lux gene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - operons KW - gene fusion KW - pollutants KW - environments KW - pollution KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - catabolism KW - W2 32060:Microorganisms KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17069308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Use+of+an+ipb-lux+fusion+to+study+regulation+of+the+isopropylbenzene+catabolism+operon+of+Pseudomonas+putida+RE204+and+to+detect+hydrophobic+pollutants+in+the+environment&rft.au=Selifonova%2C+O+V%3BEaton%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Selifonova&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - operons; gene fusion; pollutants; environments; pollution; catabolism; Pseudomonas putida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil bioremediation research at EPA AN - 17059650; 3888677 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) in Cincinnati, Ohio has developed pilot-scale capability to evaluate bioremediation of contaminated soils with selected treatment technologies. Bench and pilot scale bioslurry reactors and pilot-scale in-vessel compost reactors serve as tools to estimate the treatment capability of larger systems. The current research is centered on the treatment of organic contaminants associated with the wood preserving industry and turn of the century municipal gas production sites such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pentachlorophenol. These research efforts are designed to identify the critical elements of each technology to permit a more informed selection and operation of these technologies for soil treatment. JF - Biocycle AU - Glaser, JA AU - Potter, CL AD - EPA Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 50 EP - 53 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0276-5055, 0276-5055 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - composting KW - bioremediation KW - EPA KW - organic compounds KW - soil remediation KW - bioreactors KW - research programs KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17059650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocycle&rft.atitle=Soil+bioremediation+research+at+EPA&rft.au=Glaser%2C+JA%3BPotter%2C+CL&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocycle&rft.issn=02765055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil remediation; bioremediation; EPA; research programs; organic compounds; composting; bioreactors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental accounting and EMSs AN - 17058276; 3888696 AB - For the typical company, a first step to preventing pollution is setting up a coherent system for evaluating and addressing the environmental implications of its activities. There is an abundance of commentary on the importance of managing environmental performance, and on approaches that an organization might take to create an environmental management system (EMS). However, many approaches fail to emphasize the significance of financial measurement in the successful implementation of an EMS. The discussion in this article underscores the importance of such financial measurement, demonstrates its applicability in achieving the measurement requirements of the EMS frameworks, and introduces approaches to measuring the environmental financial performance. JF - Pollution Prevention Review AU - McLaughlin, S AU - Elwood, H AD - Pollut. Prevention Div. EPA's Office Pollut. Prevention and Toxics, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 13 EP - 21 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1079-0276, 1079-0276 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution prevention KW - environment management KW - economics KW - measuring methods KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17058276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pollution+Prevention+Review&rft.atitle=Environmental+accounting+and+EMSs&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+S%3BElwood%2C+H&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pollution+Prevention+Review&rft.issn=10790276&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environment management; pollution prevention; measuring methods; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation; modeling removal of TNT and its breakdown products AN - 1703692746; 2015-074637 AB - Contamination of soil and groundwater by trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a widespread problem confronting military bases and ammunition manufacturing facilities throughout the United States. Phytoremediation provides a promising treatment of TNT-contaminated groundwater and wastewater because many plants contain the necessary enzymes to degrade explosives such as TNT. Two phytoremediation methods are proposed in this article: controlled reactors and constructed wetlands. Controlled reactors provide greater control of operating parameters, a reduced possibility of contaminant migration, control of animals feeding on the plants, and minimization of competition from other plant species. Constructed wetlands have relatively low capital costs, and the wetland becomes a desirable ecological resource. Because cost, as opposed to reactor size, appears to be the most significant factor for military base cleanup, this project focused on the constructed wetland approach. To estimate the disappearance of TNT and its breakdown products from a constructed wetland, a first-order, nonreversible reaction, plug-flow, finite-difference model was developed. Batch scale experiments were conducted to define disappearance kinetics for individual chemical species. The results of the model suggest that reasonably sized wetlands may be used to treat a wastestream with an influent TNT concentration of 2.25 ppm at flow rates ranging from 10 to 5,000 gpm. Economic comparisons to other published costs for competing technologies are promising. Abstract Copyright (1996), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Medina, Victor F AU - McCutcheon, Steven C Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 31 EP - 45 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - photosynthesis KW - technology KW - trinitrotoluene KW - preferential flow KW - enzymes KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - constructed wetlands KW - explosives KW - decontamination KW - leachate KW - phytoremediation KW - soils KW - photochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - wetlands KW - military facilities KW - proteins KW - aquatic environment KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703692746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation%3B+modeling+removal+of+TNT+and+its+breakdown+products&rft.au=Medina%2C+Victor+F%3BMcCutcheon%2C+Steven+C&rft.aulast=Medina&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440070105 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; bioremediation; constructed wetlands; cost; decontamination; enzymes; explosives; ground water; leachate; microorganisms; military facilities; models; organic compounds; photochemistry; photosynthesis; phytoremediation; pollution; preferential flow; proteins; remediation; soils; technology; trinitrotoluene; United States; wetlands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440070105 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New EPA program targets pathogens in drinking water AN - 17018548; 3853956 AB - Waterborne disease is a particular concern for the Environmental Protection Agency because it still occurs at unacceptable levels. Between 1986 and 1992, 110 waterborne-disease outbreaks affecting 47,000 people were reported, and the EPA believes that the values are dwarfed by the unreported outbreaks and cases. Currently, the EPA has regulations for 80 chemicals and microbial contaminants. Yet a number of disease-causing microorganisms and hazardous chemicals still may threaten many source waters and drinking waters. In a number of outbreaks, the contaminants remain undetected, either due to inadequate analytical methods or lack of recognition that they are dangerous and therefore should be monitored and/or controlled. In many communities, the vast network of pipes distributing water is deteriorating, making systems more vulnerable to fecal contamination and hazardous chemicals. JF - Environmental Protection AU - Berger, P S AD - EPA OGWDW, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 20 EP - 25 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1057-4298, 1057-4298 KW - water distribution systems KW - microbial contamination KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - pathogens KW - diseases KW - drinking water KW - pipes KW - USA KW - microorganisms KW - public health KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17018548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Protection&rft.atitle=New+EPA+program+targets+pathogens+in+drinking+water&rft.au=Berger%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Protection&rft.issn=10574298&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pathogens; drinking water; diseases; public health; microorganisms; water distribution systems; pipes; USA; microbial contamination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Background ozone in the planetary boundary layer over the United States AN - 17017492; 3853994 AB - Reliable estimates of background O sub(3) in the planetary boundary layer are needed as part of the current review by the U.S. EPA of O sub(3) health and welfare criteria and of the National Ambient Air Quality Standards for O sub(3). Such estimates are especially necessary for comparing O sub(3) concentrations at which vegetation effects occur to O sub(3) concentrations reported to represent background levels. Some vegetation researchers have used the seasonal average of the daily 7-h (0900-1559 h) average as the exposure parameter in exposure-response models. The 7-h (0900-1559 h) seasonal mean reference point for O sub(3) was assumed to be 0.025 ppm. Ozone aerometric data are presented from the monitoring sites in the United States which experience some of the lowest maximum hourly average concentrations, as identified in the U.S. EPA AIRS database. Criteria are enumerated and discussed for determining whether O sub(3) concentrations at a given site can be considered to be "background" O sub(3). The paper also suggests statistical techniques for estimating background O sub(3) concentrations. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Altshuller, A P AU - Lefohn, A S AD - Natl. Cent. for Environ. Assess., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 134 EP - 141 VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ozone KW - USA KW - seasonal variations KW - air quality measurements KW - boundary layers KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17017492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Background+ozone+in+the+planetary+boundary+layer+over+the+United+States&rft.au=Altshuller%2C+A+P%3BLefohn%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Altshuller&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; ozone; boundary layers; seasonal variations; air quality measurements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of albendazole resistance in Giardia lamblia AN - 16474188; 4345694 AB - Previous studies have shown that Giardia lamblia resistance to metronidazole can be induced in the laboratory, and treatment failures with this drug have also been documented. As replacement therapies, anthelmintic benzimidazoles have antigiardial activity with few clinical side effects. Albendazole has the greatest antigiardial activity of anthelmintic benzimidazoles tested and is effective in vivo. Although Chavez et al. failed to subculture albendazole-exposed G. lamblia, some patient isolates have shown decreased in vitro sensitivity to this drug. In this study, in vitro resistance to albendazole was induced in G. lamblia by a method similar to that reported by Townson et al. JF - Microbial Drug Resistance AU - Lindquist, HDA AD - Mail Stop 320, BARB/HERD/NERL, US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 433 EP - 434 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1076-6294, 1076-6294 KW - albendazole KW - drug resistance KW - giardiasis KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - A 01064:Microbial resistance KW - K 03063:Effects of physical & chemical factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16474188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Drug+Resistance&rft.atitle=Induction+of+albendazole+resistance+in+Giardia+lamblia&rft.au=Lindquist%2C+HDA&rft.aulast=Lindquist&rft.aufirst=HDA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Drug+Resistance&rft.issn=10766294&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Visual contrast sensitivity deficits in Bohemian children AN - 15943382; 4056222 AB - Visual contrast sensitivity (VCS) tests have been used successfully in medical diagnosis and subclinical neurotoxicity detection. This paper reports VCS measurements in three studies of children in the Czech Republic. Study 1 compared children in standard schools and schools for the learning disabled. Studies 2 and 3 compared children in Teplice, an area in which soft-brown coal combustion produced high levels of pollutants (e.g. Hg, As, SO sub(2), NO sub(x), and aromatic hydrocarbons), with children in areas of low air pollution, Znojmo and/or Prachatice. It was hypothesized that in utero exposure to the combustion products disrupted neurological development (Sram, 1991). The VCS test (Stereo Optical Co.) consisted of circular fields containing sinusoidal gratings at 5 spatial frequencies (1.5-18 cycles/degree) and various levels of contrast. Subjects indicated orientation of the gratings by pointing left, up, or right. Visual acuity and VCS were measured in each eye of 74 children in Study 1, 327 second-grade children in Study 2, and 426 fourth-grade children in Study 3. Hair samples were collected in Studies 2 and 3 and analyzed for Hg and As content. Children attending schools for the learning disabled scored significantly lower than controls on VCS, whereas visual acuity was normal. The deficit was greatest at mid- to high spatial frequency. In Study 2, significant VCS deficits were seen in exposed second-grade children at low to mid-spatial frequency, even though visual acuity was slightly above control level. Regression analyses showed that VCS had no relationship to As, but a significant negative correlation with hair Hg was observed in the exposed district. However, current Hg levels were higher in Prachatice. VCS deficits were not observed in the fourth-grade students of Teplice in Study 3. The results of Study 1 indicated that behavioral VCS testing in field studies is practical in young, non-English speaking children, and suggested that vision may be compromised in learning-disabled children. Studies 2 and 3 indicated that at these levels, current Hg body-burdens are poor predictors of VCS. If the VCS deficits seen in Study 2 were related to prenatal exposures, the results of Study 3 suggest that they represent a developmental delay. A longitudinal-study design is needed to address this issue. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Skalik, I AU - Otto, D AU - House, D AU - Subrt, P AU - Sram, R AD - U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, NHEERL/NTD, MD-74B, Research Triangle Park, NC 2771, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 615 EP - 628 VL - 17 IS - 3-4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - man KW - mercury KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - vision KW - neurotoxicity KW - children KW - Czech Rep., Bohemia KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - N3 11105:Primates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15943382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Visual+contrast+sensitivity+deficits+in+Bohemian+children&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BSkalik%2C+I%3BOtto%2C+D%3BHouse%2C+D%3BSubrt%2C+P%3BSram%2C+R&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Czech Rep., Bohemia; mercury; neurotoxicity; vision; children ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental effects of trichloroacetonitrile administered in corn oil to pregnant Long-Evans rats AN - 15936029; 4056748 AB - Trichloroacetonitrile (TCAN) is a by-product of the chlorine disinfection of water containing natural organic material. When administered by gavage to pregnant Long-Evans rats in a medium-chain triglyceride vehicle, tricaprylin oil (Tricap), at a volume of 10 ml/kg, TCAN induced fetal cardiovascular anomalies at doses as low as 1 mg/kg/d (Smith et al., 1988). A slight but possibly biologically significant increase over the water control group in adverse pregnancy outcomes (resorptions, reduced fetal weight, and anomalies) was observed in the Tricap control group. This led us to reexamine the developmental effects of TCAN in a second vehicle, corn oil (CO). Five groups of approximately 20 pregnant female rats received TCAN in CO at 15, 35, 55, and 75 mg /kg/d, and in Tricap at 15 mg/kg/d (10 ml/kg dosing volume). Corn oil, Tricap, and water served as vehicle controls. Animals were treated by oral intubation on gestation d 6-18 (vaginal plug = d 0). Five out of 20 dams (75 mg/kg) died during treatment. Adjusted maternal weight gain was lower in females receiving 35 mg/kg TCAN or greater. The mean percent of nonlive implants per litter was elevated at 55 and 75 mg/kg TCAN (CO). The TCAN dose-response curve for fetal (but not maternal) effects was shifted to the right when CO was compared to Tricap. Fetal weight was reduced at 15 mg/kg TCAN (Tricap) and at greater than or equal to 55 mg/kg TCAN (CO). When TCAN was administered in CO, the mean frequency of soft-tissue malformations decreased with significantly fewer septal and great vessel cardiovascular defects observed. We hypothesize that the volatile haloacetonitrile, TCAN, may interact with the Tricap vehicle in such a way that effects on the developing cardiovascular system are potentiated. The lowest observed adverse effect level for TCAN (CO) was determined to be 35 kg/kg. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Christ, SA AU - Read, E J AU - Stober, JA AU - Smith, M K AD - (Rm. 642), EMSL, U.S. EPA, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 233 EP - 247 VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - rats KW - chlorine KW - trichloroacetonitrile KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - cardiovascular system KW - teratogenicity KW - water purification KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15936029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Developmental+effects+of+trichloroacetonitrile+administered+in+corn+oil+to+pregnant+Long-Evans+rats&rft.au=Christ%2C+SA%3BRead%2C+E+J%3BStober%2C+JA%3BSmith%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Christ&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water purification; teratogenicity; cardiovascular system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent developments in policy and science AN - 15928615; 4053561 AB - Preview of the national sediment quality survey: EPA's report to Congress on sediment contamination in the United States. JF - Remediation AU - Fox, CA AD - Off. Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 153 EP - 158 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - contamination KW - data bases KW - data collections KW - government policy KW - government programs KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Marine KW - pollution monitoring KW - marine pollution KW - brackishwater pollution KW - Brackish KW - sediment pollution KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - USA KW - freshwater pollution KW - aquatic environment KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15928615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation&rft.atitle=Recent+developments+in+policy+and+science&rft.au=Fox%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution monitoring; brackishwater pollution; marine pollution; freshwater pollution; data collections; sediment pollution; environmental protection; aquatic environment; data bases; contamination; government programs; USA; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of cancer risk associated with exposure to chloroform AN - 15867033; 4025475 AB - Disinfection of drinking water by chlorination has been practiced in the United States and in the world since the beginning of 20th century, and has proven to be an effective means of controlling waterborne disease such as cholera and typhoid. In 1976, however, National Cancer Institute (NCI) confirmed an earlier study that chloroform, an oxidation product of organic material by chlorine, produced liver and kidney tumors in laboratory animals. The carcinogenicity of chloroform is of public concern since it is one of the most common chlorination by-product in drinking water. This paper is a part of the evaluation conducted by the authors on cancer risk assessment for chloroform that seeks to incorporate relevant data (pharmacokinetics, route of exposure, and mode of action, etc.) into consideration. This review only focus on two target tissues: liver and kidney. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C: Environmental Carcinogenesis and Ecotoxicology Reviews AU - Chiu, N AU - Orme-Zavaleta, J AU - Chiu, A AU - Chen, Chao AU - DeAngelo, A AU - Brattin, W AU - Blancato, J AD - OST (4304), U.S.EPA, 401 M St.SW, Washington DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 81 EP - 104 VL - C14 IS - 2 SN - 1059-0501, 1059-0501 KW - chloroform KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - drinking water KW - liver KW - chlorination KW - risk assessment KW - kidney KW - cancer KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - H SM10.21:CANCER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15867033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+cancer+risk+associated+with+exposure+to+chloroform&rft.au=Chiu%2C+N%3BOrme-Zavaleta%2C+J%3BChiu%2C+A%3BChen%2C+Chao%3BDeAngelo%2C+A%3BBrattin%2C+W%3BBlancato%2C+J&rft.aulast=Chiu&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=C14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.issn=10590501&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chloroform; cancer; risk assessment; drinking water; chlorination; liver; kidney ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protective effects of glutathione on bromodichloromethane in vivo toxicity and in vitro macromolecular binding in Fischer 344 rats AN - 15860279; 4020397 AB - Bromodichloromethane (BDCM), a carcinogenic water disinfection by-product, has been shown to be metabolized to intermediates that covalently bind to lipids and proteins, and this binding has been associated with trihalomethane-induced renal and hepatic toxicity. In this study, the effects of glutathione (GSH) on in vivo BDCM toxicity and in vitro BDCM macromolecular binding were evaluated. The in vivo toxicity of BDCM in animals pretreated with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, a glutathione synthesis inhibitor) and in untreated male Fischer 344 rats was investigated. In another experiment, covalent binding to protein and lipid was quantified after [ super(14)C]BDCM was incubated with hepatic microsomal and S9 fractions and renal microsomes from F344 rats, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, with and without added GSH. After oral dosing with BDCM, the BSO-pretreated animals had greatly increased levels of serum indicators of hepatotoxicity and serum and urinary indicators of nephrotoxicity compared to those in animals dosed solely with. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Gao, P AU - Thornton-Manning, J R AU - Pegram, R A AD - U.S. EPA, NHEERL, MD-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 145 EP - 159 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - rats KW - glutathione KW - bromodichloromethane KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - disinfection KW - drinking water KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15860279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Protective+effects+of+glutathione+on+bromodichloromethane+in+vivo+toxicity+and+in+vitro+macromolecular+binding+in+Fischer+344+rats&rft.au=Gao%2C+P%3BThornton-Manning%2C+J+R%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disinfection; drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic dispositional and toxicological effects of arsenate administered in drinking water to mice AN - 15852939; 4020338 AB - Exposure to the drinking water contaminant arsenate is a daily occurrence and there are concerns that this exposure may lead to cancer. Although the acute dispositional effects of arsenate have been studied in detail, there is minimal information on the disposition and toxicological effects of it after continuous exposure. The objective of this study was to examine in mice the effect of a 4-wk treatment with arsenate administered in drinking water. Female B6C3F1 mice (3/cage) were housed in metabolism cages and given water and food ad libitum. Two groups (A, B) of mice were treated (4 cages/treatment/group) with distilled water (control, C) or water containing 0.025 mg/L (L) or 2.5 mg/L (H) arsenate. Group A was sacrificed on d 28 and plasma and urine samples were taken for determination of clinical chemistry parameters. Liver and kidney tissue samples were taken for histopathological analysis. The reduced nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPSH) content in several tissues was determined. Group B was gavaged with [ super(73)As]arsenate on d 28 and continued the arsenate drinking water exposure for 48 h. Excreta and tissues were collected and analyzed for super(73)As. Urine was further analyzed for arsenate and its metabolites. There were no effects on the mean daily amount of water and food consumed, whereas the mean daily urine volume excreted was significantly elevated by 10% in the H-treated animals compared to C and L. A dose-related hepatic vacuolar degeneration in the liver was observed, but no histological changes were evident in the kidney. Only clinical chemistry parameters in plasma were altered by the arsenate treatment. Glucose was significantly lower at the H dose compared to C and L, triglycerides were significantly greater in C than L and H, and creatinine was significantly greater in H than C. Hepatic NPSH content in the H animals was significantly lower than C and L animals, whereas no effects in lung and kidney were detected. The weights of liver, lung, and kidney, as well as their tissue/body weight ratios, were significantly decreased in the H animals. super(73)As was primarily eliminated in urine, and its elimination was not affected by dose. No effects on the 48-h super(73)As cumulative excretion (urine + fecal) were detected. The super(73)As distribution was low in amount and widely dispersed throughout the animal (<3% of the super(73)As dose). The kidney had the highest super(73)As concentration of the tissues (0.01% super(73)As dose/g tissue). Dimethylarsinic acid was the major metabolite detected in urine, with lower amounts of arsenate, arsenite, and monomethylarsonate. There were no differences between the treatment groups in the amount of urinary metabolites after a single dose of [ super(73)As]arsenate. Several toxicological effects were observed in animals administered arsenate in drinking water, but no changes in the disposition of this arsenical were detected at the doses used in this study. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Hughes, M F AU - Thompson, D J AD - U.S. EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Lab, Experimental Toxicology Division, MD-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 177 EP - 196 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - mice KW - arsenate KW - arsenic KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - metabolism KW - drinking water KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15852939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Subchronic+dispositional+and+toxicological+effects+of+arsenate+administered+in+drinking+water+to+mice&rft.au=Hughes%2C+M+F%3BThompson%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - metabolism; drinking water ER - TY - CONF T1 - Land use, the climate change action plan, and U.S. Department of Defense forests AN - 15843162; 4010035 AB - The Climate Change Action Plan (CCAP) commits the United States to reducing greenhouse gas emissions to their 1990 levels by the year 2000. Management to improve carbon (C) sequestration by forests may be one way to offset increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. A forest-inventory model and a forest-carbon model were used to calculate C pools and fluxes for the forests of Camp Shelby - a military training base in Mississippi. Research objectives were to model C pools and fluxes from 1990 through 2040, and to account for on-site and off-site C benefits as they relate to achieving the CCAP in Mississippi. In comparison with conservation management, tree harvesting for merchantable logs, fuelwood, or land-use change decreased C pools and sequestration rates, while reforestation increased C pools and sequestration rates. The production of lumber or fuelwood from the harvested trees contributed to off-site C benefits. However, only fuelwood produced long-term, off-site C benefits adequate to offset on-site C losses from harvesting trees. The reforestation scenario could provide about 1.3% of the C offset needed to obtain the CCAP in Mississippi. JF - GLOBAL WARMING SCIENCE AND POLICY.; WORLD RESOUR. REV. AU - Barker, J R AU - Baumgardner, G A AU - Lee, J J AU - McFarlane, J C Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 VL - pp. 23-35; vol. 8 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - forests KW - government policies KW - USA KW - greenhouse effect KW - land use KW - climatic changes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15843162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GLOBAL+WARMING+SCIENCE+AND+POLICY.%3B+WORLD+RESOUR.+REV.&rft.atitle=Land+use%2C+the+climate+change+action+plan%2C+and+U.S.+Department+of+Defense+forests&rft.au=Barker%2C+J+R%3BBaumgardner%2C+G+A%3BLee%2C+J+J%3BMcFarlane%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Barker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=pp.+23-35%3B+vol.+8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GLOBAL+WARMING+SCIENCE+AND+POLICY.%3B+WORLD+RESOUR.+REV.&rft.issn=10428011&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remediating pesticide contaminated soils using solvent extraction AN - 15836506; 4008961 AB - Bench-scale solvent extraction studies were performed on soil samples obtained from a Superfund site contaminated with high levels of p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE and toxaphene. The effectiveness of the solvent extraction process was assessed using methanol and 2-propanol as solvents over a wide range of operating conditions. It was demonstrated that a six-stage methanol extraction using a solvent-to-soil ratio of 1.6 can decrease pesticide levels in the soil by more than 99% and reduce the volume of material requiring further treatment by 25 times or more. The high solubility of the pesticides in methanol resulted in rapid extraction rates, with the system reaching quasi-equilibrium state in 30 minutes. The extraction efficiency was influenced by the number of extraction stages, the solvent-to-soil ratio, and the soil moisture content. Various methods were investigated to regenerate and recycle the solvent. Evaporation and solvent stripping are low cost and reliable methods for removing high pesticide concentrations from the solvent. For low concentrations, GAC adsorption may be used. Precipitating and filtering pesticides by adding water to the methanol/pesticide solution was not successful when tested with soil extracts. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Sahle-Demessie, E AU - Meckes, M C AU - Richardson, T L AD - US EPA, Natl. Manage. Res. Lab., MS 489, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 293 EP - 300 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - methanol KW - DDD KW - experimental data KW - soil water KW - solubility KW - solvent extraction KW - Superfund KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - remediation KW - solvents KW - recycling KW - DDE KW - soil contamination KW - DDT KW - pesticides KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15836506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Remediating+pesticide+contaminated+soils+using+solvent+extraction&rft.au=Sahle-Demessie%2C+E%3BMeckes%2C+M+C%3BRichardson%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Sahle-Demessie&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - methanol; soil contamination; pesticides; remediation; solvents; DDT; DDE; DDD; experimental data; soil water; solubility; recycling; solvent extraction; Superfund ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Off-target deposition of pesticides from agricultural aerial spray applications AN - 15815617; 253492 AB - The drift of pesticides at the times of aerial spray application is a source of concern due to potential impacts on human health, contamination of crops and livestock, and endangerment of sensitive ecological resources. A substantial body of information from field trials aimed at evaluating off-target deposition of pesticides from aerial spray applications was analyzed. Forty-five trials reported in the literature were extrapolated and normalized and quantitatively compared to trials performed during the summer of 1992 in Plainview, TX by SDTF. Overall, good agreement was observed. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Bird, Sandra L AU - Esterly, David M AU - Perry, Steven G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1095 EP - 1104 PB - AMERICAN SOC OF AGRONOMY INC, MADISON, WI, (USA) VL - 25 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Agricultural aerial spray applications KW - Health hazards KW - Livestock KW - Nozzles KW - Off target deposition KW - Spraying KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Environmental impact KW - Crops KW - Ecology KW - Wind KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 821.3:AGRICULTURAL METHODS KW - EE 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 802.3:CHEMICAL OPERATIONS KW - EE 821.2:AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS KW - W4 821.2:AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS KW - EE 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - EE 821.3:AGRICULTURAL METHODS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - EE 802.3:CHEMICAL OPERATIONS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15815617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Off-target+deposition+of+pesticides+from+agricultural+aerial+spray+applications&rft.au=Bird%2C+Sandra+L%3BEsterly%2C+David+M%3BPerry%2C+Steven+G&rft.aulast=Bird&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1095&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecology; Environmental impact; Spraying; Wind; Crops ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alkaline and neutral hydrolysis of four phenylurea herbicides AN - 15815434; 4005820 AB - The kinetics of hydrolysis of four phenylurea herbicides - fenuron, monuron, diuron and chloroxuron - were measured in aqueous alkaline solutions at temperatures of 64 degree C and 84 degree C and extrapolated to 25 degree C. At hydroxide concentrations greater than or equal to 8.6 x 10 super(-4) mol l super(-1), alkaline hydrolysis dominates but the reaction does not obey second-order kinetics and approaches a maximum value at concentrations > 0.1 mol l super(-1). The kinetic data support a mechanism of reaction proposed previously for the alkaline hydrolysis of trichloro- and trifluoroacetanilides. The mechanism is a hydroxide-ion-promoted equilibrium formation of a reactive tetrahedral intermediate anion that can either revert to the starting compound, decompose to products, or react with a second hydroxide to form a dianion prior to decomposition to products. Statistical analysis of the data suggests that the break-down of the reactive intermediate proceeds entirely via the path in which a second hydroxide removes a proton from the intermediate to yield a dianion that decomposes, whereas the path in which the intermediate breaks down without the assistance of OH super(-) is of no kinetic importance, even at hydroxide concentrations as low as 0.00086 mol l super(-1). Our hydrolysis rate constant measurements suggest that neutral hydrolysis is a major route of environmental degradation of the herbicides. The half-lives in years of the four ureas at 25 degree C and pH 7 are estimated to be 89 for fenuron, 66 for monuron, 41 for diuron, and 41 for chloroxuron. JF - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry AU - Sabaliunas, D AU - Ellington, J AU - Lekevicius, R AD - US EPA Environ. Res. Div., Athens, GA 30605-2700, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 123 EP - 134 VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0306-7319, 0306-7319 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - degradation KW - chemical reactions KW - urea pesticides KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrolysis KW - kinetics KW - fate of pollutants KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15815434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Alkaline+and+neutral+hydrolysis+of+four+phenylurea+herbicides&rft.au=Sabaliunas%2C+D%3BEllington%2C+J%3BLekevicius%2C+R&rft.aulast=Sabaliunas&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=03067319&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - statistical analysis; herbicides; kinetics; hydrolysis; degradation; chemical reactions; urea pesticides; fate of pollutants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enantiomeric selectivity in the environmental degradation of dichlorprop as determined by high-performance capillary electrophoresis AN - 15803231; 254414 AB - The chiral herbicide dichlorprop (2,4-dichlorophenoxy-2-propionic acid), which is sold and applied as the racemic mixture, was observed to degrade completely in soil within 31 days, with a half-life of 6.6 d. Degradation occurred with enantiomeric selectivity, indicating biologically mediated reactivity as opposed to strictly abiotic degradation. The S-(-)-isomer degraded significantly faster (T sub(1/2) identical with 4.4 d) than the R-(+)-isomer (t sub(HLF) identical with 8.7 d); this is contrary to other published results that show selective degradation of the R-(+)-enantiomer, although in other media. Soil samples taken from a field plot at increasing time intervals after application of Foxtril, a commercial herbicide formulation, were solvent-extracted and analyzed for total dichlorprop by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), using an acetate buffer at pH 4.7 Heptakis (2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)- beta -cyclodextrin, a chiral reagent, was then added to the buffer to effect separation of the (+)- and (-)-isomers of dichlorprop. Baseline resolution allowed calculation of relative concentrations (enantiomer ratios) of the two isomers. CZE is a fast and efficient technique for the analysis of ionic organic species (such as the anion of dichlorprop), including their enantiomers, in pesticide formulations as well as in environmental samples. It thus was possible to analyze Foxtril directly after dilution with water for ioxynil (2,6-diiodo-4-cyanophenol) as well as for dichlorprop. Ioxynil also was detected in the soil extract on the day of application. The hydrolysis product [methyl 2-nitro-5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) benzoic acid] of bifenox methyl ester, another herbicide component of Foxtril, was detected in the soil samples taken at 17 and 31 d. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Garrison, A W AU - Schmitt, P AU - Martens, D AU - Kettrup, A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2449 EP - 2455 PB - ACS, WASHINGTON, DC, (USA) VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Capillary zone electrophoresis KW - Degradation KW - Dichlorprop KW - Enantiomer ratios KW - Enantiomeric selectivity KW - Environmental engineering KW - Foxtril KW - Hydrolysis products KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Electrophoresis KW - Chemical analysis KW - EE 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - EE 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) KW - EE 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - EE 801.1:CHEMISTRY (GENERAL) KW - W4 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - EE 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 801.1:CHEMISTRY (GENERAL) KW - W4 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15803231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Enantiomeric+selectivity+in+the+environmental+degradation+of+dichlorprop+as+determined+by+high-performance+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.au=Garrison%2C+A+W%3BSchmitt%2C+P%3BMartens%2C+D%3BKettrup%2C+A&rft.aulast=Garrison&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrophoresis; Degradation; Chemical analysis; Environmental engineering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of biochemically inert insoluble particles by the EPA using rat inhalation data AN - 15781646; 245746 AB - Regulations pertaining to inhalable particulate matter are promulgated primarily by three program offices of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Pollution Prevention and Toxic Substances (OPPTS), Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS), and Mobile Sources (OMS). Risk assessment for these agents are carried out either by the program offices or by the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA), formerly the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment (OHEA). Particulate matter pollutants within the regulatory domain of OAQPS for which either quantitative or qualitative assessment of cancer risk has been carried out include asbestos, beryllium, cadmium, nickel refinery dust, nickel subsulfide, and ambient particulate matter of less than 10 mu m diameter (PM10). OPPTS has qualitatively evaluated manmade mineral fibers, titanium dioxide, and vermiculite. Asbestos is the only fiber for which cancer quantitation has been carried out. For several of these agents, risk is based upon human data with animal studies providing supporting data. Both qualitative and quantitative assessment of cancer risk from exposure to diesel engine emissions is under development by NCEA for OMS. Quantitative assessment of cancer risk from exposure to this agent is described as an example of EPA's approach to the use of rats for evaluation of cancer risk. The major uncertainties relating to this assessment include the appropriateness of rat data for assessing human risk and the selection of a low-dose extrapolation model. JF - Particulate Science and Technology AU - Pepelko, William E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 123 EP - 134 PB - TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, LONDON, (ENGL) VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0272-6351, 0272-6351 KW - Air quality KW - Air quality planning and standards (OAQPS) KW - Environment Protection Agency (EPA) KW - Exhaust gases KW - Health risks KW - Low dose extrapolation model KW - National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) KW - Particulate emissions KW - Pollution toxic substances KW - Rat inhalation data KW - Soot KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Carcinogens KW - W4 451.2:AIR POLLUTION CONTROL KW - W4 451.1:AIR POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 461:BIOENGINEERING KW - W4 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15781646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Particulate+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+carcinogenic+risk+of+biochemically+inert+insoluble+particles+by+the+EPA+using+rat+inhalation+data&rft.au=Pepelko%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Pepelko&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Particulate+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02726351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Carcinogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enrichment of marine sediment colloids with polychlorinated biphenyls: Trends resulting from PCB solubility and chlorination AN - 15776683; 3985394 AB - Colloids have been shown to significantly affect the bioavailability and transport of anthropogenic contaminants in the environment. In this study, the three phase distributions (i.e., dissolved, colloidal, and particulate) of approximately 75 PCB congeners were measured in a marine sediment core from New Bedford Harbor, MA. These distributions are the first report of colloid-PCB interactions in an environmentally contaminated sediment. Colloids <1.2 mu m in size were isolated from interstitial waters using reverse-phase chromatography with size-selected C sub(18). Regardless of solubility or chlorination, the majority of PCBs were associated with the particulate phase. PCBs were distributed in filtered interstitial waters between colloidal and dissolved phases as a function of solubility and degree of chlorination. Interstitial dissolved PCB concentrations generally agreed with literature-reported solubilities. The magnitude of colloid-PCB interactions increased with decreasing PCB solubility and increasing PCB chlorination. Di- and trichlorinated PCBs were approximately 40% and 65% colloidally bound, respectively, while tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, and octachlorinated PCBs were about 80% colloidally bound. As core depth increased, the magnitude of PCB-colloid interactions also increased. The relationships of organic carbon-normalized colloidal partitioning coefficient (K sub(COC)) to K sub(OW) for several PCB congeners were not linear and suggest that interstitial waters were not equilibrated. Possible explanations for disequilibria include slow colloid-PCB sorption kinetics, steric hindrance, and decreased colloid stability. These data support model laboratory studies that found that most nonpolar high molecular weight organic contaminants present in sediment interstitial waters are colloidally bound and not truly dissolved. JF - Environmental Science and Technology AU - Burgess, R M AU - McKinney, R A AU - Brown, WA AD - U.S. EPA AED, Narragansett, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2556 EP - 2566 VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - cores KW - fate KW - fate of pollutants KW - interstitial water KW - marine sediments KW - model studies KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - pore water KW - sediment concentration KW - sediment pollution KW - solubility KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - chlorination KW - Marine KW - colloids KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15776683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Enrichment+of+marine+sediment+colloids+with+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3A+Trends+resulting+from+PCB+solubility+and+chlorination&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BMcKinney%2C+R+A%3BBrown%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - colloids; sediment pollution; chlorination; solubility; pore water; PCB; cores; fate; PCB compounds; model studies; marine sediments; polychlorinated biphenyls; interstitial water; fate of pollutants; sediment concentration; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Confirmational identification of Escherichia coli, a comparison of genotypic and phenotypic assays for glutamate decarboxylase and beta -D-glucuronidase AN - 15773160; 3978810 AB - Genotypic and phenotypic assays for glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and beta -D-glucuronidase (GUD) were compared for their abilities to detect various strains of Escherichia coli and to discriminate among other bacterial species. Test strains included nonpathogenic E. coli, three major groups of diarrheagenic E. coli, three other non-coli Escherichia species, and various other gram-negative and -positive bacteria found in water. The genotypic assays were performed with hybridization probes generated by PCR amplification of 670- and 623-bp segments of the gadA/B (GAD) and uidA (GUD) genes, respectively. The GAD enzymes catalyze the alpha -decarboxylation of L-glutamic acid to yield gamma -aminobutyric acid and carbon dioxide, which are detected in the phenotypic assay by a pH-sensitive indicator dye. The phenotypic assay for GUD involves the transformation of 4-methylumbelliferyl- beta -D-glucuronide to the fluorogenic compound 4-methylumbelliferone. The GAD phenotypic assay detected the majority of the E. coli strains tested, whereas a number of these strains, including all representatives of the O157:H7 serotype and several nonpathogenic E. coli strains, gave negative results in the GUD assay. Both phenotypic assays detected some but not all strains from each of the four Shigella species. A strain of Citrobacter freundii was also detected by the GUD assay but not by the GAD assay. All E. coli and Shigella strains were detected with both the gadA/B and uidA probes. A few Escherichia fergusonii strains gave weak hybridization signals in response to both probes at 65 degree C but not at 68 degree C. None of the other bacterial species tested were detected by either probe. These results were consistent with previous reports which have indicated that the GAD phenotypic assay detects a wider range of E. coli strains than does the GUD assay and is also somewhat more specific for this species. The genotypic assays for the two enzymes were found to be equivalent in both of these respects and superior to both of the phenotypic assays in terms of the range of E. coli strains and isolates detected. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - McDaniels, A E AU - Rice, E W AU - Reyes, AL AU - Johnson, CH AU - Haugland, R A AU - Stelma, GN Jr AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 3350 EP - 3354 VL - 62 IS - 9 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - glutamate decarboxylase KW - b-glucuronidase KW - ^b-glucuronidase KW - beta -glucuronidase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Escherichia coli KW - typing KW - A 01006:Enzymes & cofactors KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15773160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Confirmational+identification+of+Escherichia+coli%2C+a+comparison+of+genotypic+and+phenotypic+assays+for+glutamate+decarboxylase+and+beta+-D-glucuronidase&rft.au=McDaniels%2C+A+E%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BReyes%2C+AL%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BHaugland%2C+R+A%3BStelma%2C+GN+Jr&rft.aulast=McDaniels&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3350&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; typing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating plant performance with endospores AN - 15766349; 248870 AB - Monitoring for indigenous spores of aerobic spore-forming bacteria represents a viable method for determining treatment plant performance. Comparison of spore concentrations in source water and filter effluents provides an indication of biological particle removal efficiency. Unlike other microbiological parameters, spore concentrations can be detected throughout the treatment process, and the endospores themselves do not propagate in the various unit processes. Further studies designed to directly correlate parasite and spore removal, coupled with more extensive surveys of occurrence in various source waters, would provide additional information regarding the general application of this procedure for various water types. JF - Journal of the American Water Works Association AU - Rice, Eugene W AU - Fox, Kim R AU - Miltner, Richard J AU - Lytle, Darren A AU - Johnson, Clifford H AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 122 EP - 130 PB - AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOC, DENVER, CO, (USA) VL - 88 IS - 9 SN - 0003-150X, 0003-150X KW - Aerobic spore forming bacteria KW - Cell culture KW - Chlorine inactivation KW - Endospores KW - Etiological agents KW - Health risks KW - Microbial surrogates KW - Monitoring KW - Potable water KW - Spore removals KW - Turbidity KW - Waterborne diseases KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Water resources KW - Water quality KW - Water analysis KW - Diseases KW - Bacteria KW - Coagulation KW - Assays KW - Protozoa KW - EE 801:CHEMISTRY KW - EE 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - EE 444:WATER RESOURCES KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 802.3:CHEMICAL OPERATIONS KW - W4 445.1:WATER TREATMENT TECHNIQUES KW - W4 801:CHEMISTRY KW - W4 444:WATER RESOURCES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - EE 445.1:WATER TREATMENT TECHNIQUES KW - EE 802.3:CHEMICAL OPERATIONS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15766349?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Works+Association&rft.atitle=Evaluating+plant+performance+with+endospores&rft.au=Rice%2C+Eugene+W%3BFox%2C+Kim+R%3BMiltner%2C+Richard+J%3BLytle%2C+Darren+A%3BJohnson%2C+Clifford+H&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=Eugene&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Works+Association&rft.issn=0003150X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteria; Coagulation; Protozoa; Water resources; Assays; Cell culture; Diseases; Water quality; Monitoring; Water analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape-level ecological regions: Linking state-level ecoregion frameworks with stream habitat classifications AN - 15755298; 3978316 AB - Regionalization is a form of spatial classification, where boundaries are drawn around areas that are relatively homogeneous in landscape characteristics. The process of delineating ecological regions, or ecoregions, includes the analysis of ecosystem structure. To date, ecoregions have been developed at national and state scales for research and resource management. Stream classification is another method to order the variability of aquatic habitats that spans spatial scales from microhabitat to valley segment. In this study, landscape-level ecoregions are developed for the upper Grande Ronde River basin in northeastern Oregon, 3000 sq km in area. The ecoregion framework presented here is proposed to bridge the gap between stream habitat and state-level ecoregion classifications. Classification at this scale is meant to address issues of management at local scales: to aid in sampling design, in extrapolation of the results of site-specific studies, and in the development of best management practices that are more predictive of ecosystem response than current methods. JF - Environmental Management AU - Bryce, SA AU - Clarke, SE AD - Dynamac Intl., Inc., US EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 297 EP - 311 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - ecosystem analysis KW - ecosystem structure KW - classification systems KW - stream biota KW - aquatic habitats KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - ecosystems KW - sampling KW - classification KW - USA, Oregon KW - D 04700:Management KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15755298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Landscape-level+ecological+regions%3A+Linking+state-level+ecoregion+frameworks+with+stream+habitat+classifications&rft.au=Bryce%2C+SA%3BClarke%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Bryce&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - stream biota; classification; ecosystems; aquatic habitats; sampling; USA, Oregon; ecosystem analysis; ecosystem structure; classification systems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Super hormones AN - 15749787; 3972573 AB - The glycoprotein hormones are a group of evolutionarily conserved hormones involved in the regulation of reproduction and metabolism. They are present in species as diverse as eels and humans. This family of hormones includes the gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) as well as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)--all produced in the pituitary gland--and chorionic gonadotropin (CG), produced in the placentas of horses, higher apes, and humans. All of them are heterodimers, consisting of an alpha -subunit ( similar to 15 kDa) and a beta -subunit (20-25 kDa), held together by tight hydrophobic bonds. Formation of the heterodimer is necessary for full biological activity. All of these hormones share, within a given species, a common alpha -subunit and a beta -subunit that is specific for each hormone. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Ruddon, R W AD - Corporate Office of Science and Technology, Johnson & Johnson, 410 George Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1224 VL - 14 IS - 10 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - chorionic gonadotropin KW - glycoprotein hormones KW - thyroid-stimulating hormone KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - reviews KW - metabolism KW - site-directed mutagenesis KW - reproduction KW - N 14100:Reviews KW - N 14681:Mutagenesis techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33000:General topics and reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15749787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Super+hormones&rft.au=Ruddon%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Ruddon&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews; metabolism; site-directed mutagenesis; reproduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A carbon budget for Brazil: Influence of future land-use change AN - 15747301; 3974731 AB - Because of its large area of high C density forests and high deforestation rate, Brazil may play an important role in the global C cycle. The study reported here developed an estimate of Brazil's biotic CO sub(2)-C budget for the period 1990-2010. The analysis used a spreadsheet C accounting model based on three major components: a conceptual model of ecosystem C cycling, a recently completed vegetation classification developed from remote-sensing data, and published estimates of C density for each of the vegetation classes. The dynamics of the model came from estimates of disturbance to ecosystems that release C and estimates of recovery from past disturbance that store C. The model was projected into the future with three alternative estimates of the rate of future land use change. Under all three deforestation scenarios Brazil was a C source in the range of about 3-5 x 10 super(9) MgC over the 20-yr study period. JF - Climatic Change AU - Schroeder, P AD - ManTech Environ. Res. Serv. Corp., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 369 EP - 383 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - carbon KW - computer models KW - models KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - forests KW - forestry KW - ecosystems KW - Brazil KW - projections KW - carbon cycle KW - land use KW - remote sensing KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15747301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=A+carbon+budget+for+Brazil%3A+Influence+of+future+land-use+change&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+P&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special section on geoengineering. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - land use; carbon cycle; carbon; computer models; ecosystems; forestry; forests; remote sensing; projections; Brazil; models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of fungal (penicillium chrysogenum) growth on three HVAC duct materials AN - 15741042; 232801 AB - Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of three types of ventilation duct materials (fibrous glass ductboard, galvanized steel, and insulated flexible duct) to fungal (P. chrysogenum) growth. Each sample was inoculated with spores of P. chrysogenum and incubated in a static chamber controlled at 97% relative humidity (RH) and 21 degree C for six weeks. Culturable spores on each sample were enumerated before and after incubation to determine the extent of fungal amplification. Experimental results suggest that dust accumulation and/or high humidity should be properly controlled in any HVAC duct to prevent the growth of P. chrysogenum. JF - Environment International AU - Chang, John CS AU - Foarde, Karin K AU - VanOsdell, Douglas W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 425 EP - 431 PB - PERGAMON PRESS INC, TARRYTOWN, NY, (USA) VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - Air conditioning ducts KW - Air quality KW - Atmospheric humidity KW - Fibrous glass ductboard KW - Galvanized steel KW - Glass fibers KW - Health hazards KW - Incubation KW - Indoor air quality KW - Inoculation KW - Insulated flexible duct KW - Penicillium chrysogenum KW - Soiling KW - Space heating KW - Spare emissions KW - Ventilation ducts KW - Wetting KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Contamination KW - Cell culture KW - Steel KW - Dust KW - W4 643.5:VENTILATION KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 643.1:SPACE HEATING KW - W4 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES KW - W4 619.1:PIPE, PIPING AND PIPELINES KW - W4 643.4:AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT AND COMPONENTS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15741042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+fungal+%28penicillium+chrysogenum%29+growth+on+three+HVAC+duct+materials&rft.au=Chang%2C+John+CS%3BFoarde%2C+Karin+K%3BVanOsdell%2C+Douglas+W&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Contamination; Cell culture; Steel; Dust ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Status of EPA's bioresponse-based testing program AN - 15739466; 229663 AB - Research and development has been supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) since 1990 to investigate the feasibility of using biological methods based on human, animal, or in vitro responses to characterize sources of indoor air emissions. The `bioresponse' methods being evaluated measure odor and sensory irritation of mucosal tissues in the eyes, nose, and upper airways. Chambers for creating controlled emissions from sources are basically the same as have been used for traditional studies of emission rates and chemical compositions. Studies of human subject responses to known odorous or sensory irritant chemicals using nose-only, eye-only, facial, and whole-body exposures are providing baseline data against which animal and in vitro results will be validated. The animal and in vitro methods being investigated measure changes in respiratory patterns and chemosensory evoked potentials. The status of current and future projects is reported. JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication AU - Tucker, WGene AU - Hudnell, HKenneth AU - Mason, Mark A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 321 EP - 330 IS - 1287 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - Air quality KW - Bioresponse KW - Emissions testing KW - Health risks KW - Particulate emissions KW - Physiological models KW - Sensory irritation KW - Sensory perception KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Environmental chambers KW - W4 454:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING KW - W4 451:AIR POLLUTION KW - W4 461.4:HUMAN ENGINEERING KW - W4 451.1:AIR POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 461.1:BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15739466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication&rft.atitle=Status+of+EPA%27s+bioresponse-based+testing+program&rft.au=Tucker%2C+WGene%3BHudnell%2C+HKenneth%3BMason%2C+Mark+A&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=WGene&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=1287&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental chambers ER - TY - CONF T1 - Biochemical components in suspended particles and colloids: carbohydrates in the Potomac and Patuxent Estuaries AN - 15737620; 240734 AB - Carbohydrates were measured in suspended particles (> 0.4 mu m) and colloids over a 187 km segment of the Potomac Estuary and during a summer dinoflagellate bloom in the Patuxent Estuary (U.S.A.). The average carbohydrate composition of suspended particles was 43 plus or minus 18% glucose, 13 plus or minus 7% galactose, 11 + 4% rhamnose, 9 plus or minus 4% fucose, 9 plus or minus 4% xylose, 9 plus or minus 4% mannose and 5 plus or minus 1% arabinose, C/N ratios in suspended particles and colloids averaged 9.3 plus or minus 2, a value typical of single-cell organisms, Colloid-sized (2 nm to 0.4 mu m) carbohydrate concentrations ranged from 125 to 255 mu g 1 super(-1) in the Potomac Estuary and up to 576 mu g 1 super(-1) during a dinoflagellate bloom in the Patuxent Estuary. Colloid carbohydrates contained 15 plus or minus 5% glucose, 21 plus or minus 3% galactose, 14 plus or minus 3% rhamnose, 16 plus or minus 4% fucose, 16 plus or minus 2% xylose, 9 plus or minus 2% mannose, 7 plus or minus 2% arabinose, and 4 plus or minus 1% ribose. The colloidal material isolated by ultrafiltration comprised up to 70% by weight of the dissolved organic matter (DOC). JF - Organic Geochemistry AU - Sigleo, Anne C Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 83 EP - 93 PB - PERGAMON PRESS INC, TARRYTOWN, NY, (USA) VL - 24 IS - 1 KW - Arabinose KW - Dinoflagellate bloom KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - Filters (for fluids) KW - Fucose KW - Galactose KW - Macromolecules KW - Mannose KW - Particles (particulate matter) KW - Rhamnose KW - Sugars KW - Surface waters KW - Suspended particles KW - Total organic carbon KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Colloids KW - Estuaries KW - Protozoa KW - Carbohydrates KW - EE 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - EE 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - EE 444.1:SURFACE WATER KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - EE 481.2:GEOCHEMISTRY KW - W4 481.2:GEOCHEMISTRY KW - EE 801.3:COLLOID CHEMISTRY KW - W4 801.3:COLLOID CHEMISTRY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 444.1:SURFACE WATER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15737620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Biochemical+components+in+suspended+particles+and+colloids%3A+carbohydrates+in+the+Potomac+and+Patuxent+Estuaries&rft.au=Sigleo%2C+Anne+C&rft.aulast=Sigleo&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.issn=01466380&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory study of biodegradation of lubricating oils in aquatic environments AN - 15734602; 226721 AB - A study on biodegradation of five different types of lubricating oils in aquatic environment has been completed in the laboratory and a methodology has been developed. The results show that the light oils were degraded readily; however, the removal rates were low. Up to 36% removal for the selected lubricating oils were achieved biologically after 70 days of operation. The overall removal of lubricating oils in this study could be expressed by first-order kinetics and the overall rate constants ranged from 0.0056 to 0.0084 1/day. This study indicated that the removal of the heavy oils by an abiotic process was higher than that in the light ones. JF - International Journal of Environmental Studies AU - Yongming, Xie AU - Sien, Sun AU - Zhenkui, Wang AU - Xiufen, Liu AU - Biswas, N AU - Bewtra, J K AD - Natl Environmental Protection Agency, Beijing, China Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - GORDON & BREACH SCIENCE PUBL INC, NEWARK, NJ, (USA) VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0020-7233, 0020-7233 KW - Abiotic process KW - Aquatic environment KW - Chemicals removal (water treatment) KW - Environmental engineering KW - Reaction kinetics KW - Surface waters KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biodegradation KW - Ecosystems KW - Microorganisms KW - Environmental protection KW - Water pollution KW - W4 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - W4 607.1:LUBRICANTS KW - W4 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - W4 454.3:ECOLOGY AND ECOSYSTEMS KW - W4 452.3:INDUSTRIAL WASTES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 444.1:SURFACE WATER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15734602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.atitle=Laboratory+study+of+biodegradation+of+lubricating+oils+in+aquatic+environments&rft.au=Yongming%2C+Xie%3BSien%2C+Sun%3BZhenkui%2C+Wang%3BXiufen%2C+Liu%3BBiswas%2C+N%3BBewtra%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Yongming&rft.aufirst=Xie&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.issn=00207233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biodegradation; Ecosystems; Microorganisms; Water pollution; Environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's research AN - 15733869; 226805 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and Development conducts research to aid the mission of EPA. In the past year, ORD initiated some of the most dramatic changes in EPA's history. ORD realigned EPA's organizational structure to use risk assessment and management as the main structural and priority-setting criteria. To simulate cutting edge research in areas vital to EPA, ORD strengthened its interaction with the larger scientific community by expanding its competitive extramural grants and fellowship program. Scientific peer review has been intensified to ensure its scientific and engineering research meets high standards of excellence. The implications of engineering and risk management research in EPA are discussed. JF - Military Engineer AU - Oppelt, ETimothy AD - Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 39 EP - 41 PB - SOC OF AMERICAN MILITARY ENGINEERS, ALEXANDRIA, VA, (USA) VL - 88 IS - 578 SN - 0026-3982, 0026-3982 KW - Drinking water disinfection KW - Endocrine disrupters KW - Engineering research KW - Environmental pollutants KW - Environmental protection agency KW - Health care KW - Health risks KW - Human health KW - Risk based criteria KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Disinfection KW - Ecosystems KW - Water treatment KW - Impurities KW - Environmental impact KW - Environmental protection KW - Pollution KW - Pollution control KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 901.3:ENGINEERING RESEARCH KW - W4 404.1:MILITARY ENGINEERING KW - W4 454.3:ECOLOGY AND ECOSYSTEMS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15733869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+Engineer&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+research&rft.au=Oppelt%2C+ETimothy&rft.aulast=Oppelt&rft.aufirst=ETimothy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=578&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+Engineer&rft.issn=00263982&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Disinfection; Water treatment; Ecosystems; Impurities; Environmental impact; Pollution; Environmental protection; Pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and characterization of a small chamber for chemical and biological evaluation of sources of indoor air contamination AN - 15732439; 229678 AB - The potential for emissions from materials used indoors to cause sensory irritation has prompted several researchers to adapt the mouse bioassay, ASTM E 981, for evaluation of irritancy potential of product emissions. Standardized test procedures that produce comparable results are needed if bioassays, such as ASTM E 981, are to be used to rank and compare products based upon the irritation potential of product emissions. We designed, constructed, and determined performance characteristics for a 34-L source emissions chamber, which mates directly to the 2.3-L mouse exposure chamber specified by ASTM E 981 and found the glass chamber to be without significant air leaks and background emissions. Reversible adsorption of decane and p-dichlorobenzene was noted. We found it necessary to add a circulation fan inside the chamber to create air velocities that are representative of those found in indoor environments. The well controlled thermal environment and straightforward connection of the chamber to the mouse exposure chamber used in ASTM E 981 are features that may make this chamber useful in development and evaluation of protocols for biological characterization of product emissions. JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication AU - Mason, Mark A AU - Roache, Nancy F AU - Guo, Zhishi AU - Costa, Daniel AD - US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 112 EP - 120 IS - 1287 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - Air quality KW - Bioassay KW - Chemical emissions characterization KW - Environmental testing KW - Health hazards KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Living systems studies KW - Particulate emissions KW - Sensory irritation KW - Sensory perception KW - Source characterization KW - Source emissions chamber KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Contamination KW - Physiology KW - W4 454:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING KW - W4 451.2:AIR POLLUTION CONTROL KW - W4 461.6:MEDICINE KW - W4 461.1:BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING KW - W4 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15732439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication&rft.atitle=Design+and+characterization+of+a+small+chamber+for+chemical+and+biological+evaluation+of+sources+of+indoor+air+contamination&rft.au=Mason%2C+Mark+A%3BRoache%2C+Nancy+F%3BGuo%2C+Zhishi%3BCosta%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=1287&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Contamination; Physiology ER - TY - CONF T1 - Impact of bleached pulp mill effluents on the aquatic environment (the Swedish environment/cellulose project) - a case study AN - 15727834; 226788 AB - The extent of the biological effects in aquatic ecosystems that are caused by effluents from pulp industries, especially from bleaching process was studied in a joint biological/chemical field project consisting of several sub-projects. The principal study was devoted to the effects of biologically active chlorinated organic compounds. A receiving body of water for pulp bleach plant effluents at the Baltic Sea was chosen for the 3-year study. By exposing fish and benthic living organisms in the laboratory to sediment from the receiving water and to various mixtures of bleach plant effluents, the effects were further studied. JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling AU - Svanberg, Olof AU - Bengtsson, Bengt-Erik Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 189 EP - 199 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V., AMSTERDAM, (NETHERLANDS) VL - 16 IS - 1-4 KW - Aquatic environment KW - Bleached pulp KW - Bleached pulp mill effluents KW - Chlorinated material KW - Chlorine compounds KW - Coastal zones KW - Discharge (fluid mechanics) KW - Marine biology KW - Paper and pulp mills KW - Pollution catching KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bleaching KW - Ecosystems KW - Environmental impact KW - Mass transfer KW - Water pollution KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 811.1.1:PAPERMAKING PROCESSES KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 452.3:INDUSTRIAL WASTES KW - W4 811.1.2:PAPERMAKING EQUIPMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15727834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.atitle=Impact+of+bleached+pulp+mill+effluents+on+the+aquatic+environment+%28the+Swedish+environment%2Fcellulose+project%29+-+a+case+study&rft.au=Svanberg%2C+Olof%3BBengtsson%2C+Bengt-Erik&rft.aulast=Svanberg&rft.aufirst=Olof&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.issn=09213449&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Medical waste management/incineration AN - 15725537; 221717 AB - Major changes in medical waste disposal practice are expected to occur in the future because of regulatory requirements from both the Federal and State level. Because of the information need to support the implementation of the regulations, both the Federal Government and the States have conducted various studies. This article discussed what has been learned from these studies. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Lee, C C AU - Huffman, G L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 30 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V., AMSTERDAM, (NETHERLANDS) VL - 48 IS - 1-3 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Hazardous materials KW - Health risks KW - Industrial waste treatment KW - Medical wastes KW - Technical presentations KW - Treatment technologies KW - Waste incinerators KW - Waste management KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Management KW - Standards KW - Waste disposal KW - W4 902.2:CODES AND STANDARDS KW - W4 903.2:INFORMATION DISSEMINATION KW - W4 452.4:INDUSTRIAL WASTES TREATMENT KW - W4 452.3:INDUSTRIAL WASTES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 912.2:MANAGEMENT KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15725537?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Medical+waste+management%2Fincineration&rft.au=Lee%2C+C+C%3BHuffman%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Management; Standards; Waste disposal ER - TY - CONF T1 - Monitoring of biological effects AN - 15721990; 226786 AB - Adequate methods and knowledge exist to monitor the coastal environment for nutrient pollution and effects on primarily primary production and subsequent impact in the form of eutrophication. However, when it comes to organic contaminants, there is difficulty on properly assessing the impact from environmental chemical monitoring of organic substances except for a limited number of cases. The use of ecoepidemiological methodology offers a promising complement to the traditional ecological indicators addressing structure and function of populations and communities. This tool is considered as an important component in integrated ecological monitoring programs. JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling AU - Svanberg, Olof Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 351 EP - 360 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V., AMSTERDAM, (NETHERLANDS) VL - 16 IS - 1-4 KW - Baltic sea KW - Biological effect KW - Discharge (fluid mechanics) KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Fish KW - Marine biology KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Ecology KW - Ecosystems KW - Contamination KW - Impurities KW - Pesticides KW - Water pollution KW - Environmental protection KW - Pollution control KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 453:WATER POLLUTION KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 803:CHEMICAL AGENTS KW - W4 454.3:ECOLOGY AND ECOSYSTEMS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 631.1:FLUID FLOW (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15721990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.atitle=Monitoring+of+biological+effects&rft.au=Svanberg%2C+Olof&rft.aulast=Svanberg&rft.aufirst=Olof&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.issn=09213449&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying and evaluating alternatives to CFC-114 for navy shipboard chillers AN - 15713713; 216797 AB - The isomers HFC-236ea and HFC-236fa are potential non-ozone depleting replacements for CFC-114. These isomers have just completed preliminary toxicity evaluations, flammability tests, material compatibility tests, and engineering performance tests. Many parties have played a significant role in assisting in developing CFC-114 alternatives to replace CFC-114 in retrofitted Navy shipboard chillers. JF - ASHRAE Journal AU - Bare, Jane C AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 44 EP - 46 PB - ASHRAE, ATLANTA, GA, (USA) VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0001-2491, 0001-2491 KW - Chillers KW - Materials testing KW - Measurements KW - Performance KW - Refrigerators KW - Retrofitting KW - Toxicity testing KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Physical properties KW - Refrigerants KW - Standards KW - Toxicity KW - Models KW - W4 644.2:REFRIGERANTS KW - W4 902.2:CODES AND STANDARDS KW - W4 931.2:PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GASES, LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS KW - W4 804:CHEMICAL PRODUCTS GENERALLY KW - W4 644.3:REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT AND COMPONENTS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15713713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.atitle=Identifying+and+evaluating+alternatives+to+CFC-114+for+navy+shipboard+chillers&rft.au=Bare%2C+Jane+C&rft.aulast=Bare&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.issn=00012491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Physical properties; Standards; Refrigerants; Toxicity; Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Building domestic environmental compliance and enforcement programmes and networks for international exchange: A progress report AN - 15692871; 3958470 AB - There is widespread international agreement on the importance of maintaining environmental compliance and enforcement programmes if environmental protection, sustainable development, free trade, and cleaner production goals are to be achieved. Common definitions and principles, and a common framework, provide a basis for international exchange. The Fourth International Conference on Environmental Compliance and Enforcement will be held at Chiang Mai, Thailand, in April of this year. UNEP is one of the sponsors. Elizabeth Dowdeswell, Executive Director of UNEP, will deliver the keynote address. JF - Industry and Environment AU - Wasserman, CE AD - Policy Analysis, Office Federal Activities, Office Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, US EPA (MC-2251-A), Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 8 EP - 11 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0378-9993, 0378-9993 KW - environmental legislation KW - government policies KW - government policy KW - surveillance and enforcement KW - sustainable development KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - World Land Areas KW - World Oceans KW - World Inland Waters KW - international cooperation KW - conferences KW - environmental protection KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15692871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industry+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Building+domestic+environmental+compliance+and+enforcement+programmes+and+networks+for+international+exchange%3A+A+progress+report&rft.au=Wasserman%2C+CE&rft.aulast=Wasserman&rft.aufirst=CE&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Industry+and+Environment&rft.issn=03789993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - surveillance and enforcement; international cooperation; conferences; environmental protection; environmental legislation; government policies; sustainable development; World Land Areas; World Oceans; World Inland Waters ER - TY - JOUR T1 - UV-B effects on crops: Response of the irrigated rice ecosystem AN - 15682552; 3962791 AB - Increasing ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation resulting from depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer could have damaging effects on crops. This paper reviews recent findings on direct effects of UV-B on rice growth and yield as well as indirect effects via impacts on other organisms in the rice (Oryza sativa) agroecosystem. The findings are based on research by scientists at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in Los Banos, the Philippines, and their collaborators in China and the United States; with comparison to research by scientists in other countries. Current results indicate that while enhanced UV-B directly impacts many aspects of rice growth, physiology, and biochemistry under controlled phytotron conditions; in general rice growth and yield are not affected under natural field conditions. The difference in response may be related both to the levels of UV-B exposure used in phytotron vs. field studies and the lower ratio of UV-A to UV-B in the phytotron compared to field. In terms of indirect effects on rice blast disease, enhanced UV-B affected both the fungus itself (Pyricularia grisea) and the susceptibility of the rice plant to the fungus. Based on these data, simulation models estimated potential impacts of higher UV-B levels on blast severity and rice yield in different countries of southeast and east Asia. Ultimately, results from rice studies can be used to identify strategies to minimize any negative effects of UV-B on rice productivity. JF - Journal of Plant Physiology AU - Olszyk, D AU - Dai, Q AU - Teng, P AU - Leung, H AU - Luo, Y AU - Peng, S AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 26 EP - 34 VL - 148 IS - 1-2 SN - 0176-1617, 0176-1617 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Pyricularia grisea KW - U.V. radiation KW - blast KW - Oryza sativa KW - K 03089:Fungi: plant KW - A 01026:Gramineous crops UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15682552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plant+Physiology&rft.atitle=UV-B+effects+on+crops%3A+Response+of+the+irrigated+rice+ecosystem&rft.au=Olszyk%2C+D%3BDai%2C+Q%3BTeng%2C+P%3BLeung%2C+H%3BLuo%2C+Y%3BPeng%2C+S&rft.aulast=Olszyk&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plant+Physiology&rft.issn=01761617&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oryza sativa; Pyricularia grisea; U.V. radiation; blast ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of hydrocarbon-degrading microbial populations by a 96-well plate most probable number procedure AN - 15669336; 3956335 AB - A 96-well microtiter plate most-probable-number (MPN) procedure was developed to enumerate hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms. The performance of this method, which uses number 2 fuel oil (F2) as the selective growth substrate and reduction of iodonitrotetrazolium violet (INT) to detect positive wells, was evaluated by comparison with an established 24-well microtiter plate MPN procedure (the Sheen Screen), which uses weathered North Slope crude oil as the selective substrate and detects positive wells by emulsification or dispersion of the oil. Both procedures gave similar estimates of the hydrocarbon-degrader population densities in several oil-degrading enrichment cultures and sand samples from a variety of coastal sites. Although several oils were effective substrates for the 96-well procedure, the combination of F2 with INT was best, because the color change associated with INT reduction was more easily detected in the small wells than was disruption of the crude oil slick. The method's accuracy was evaluated by comparing hydrocarbon-degrader MPNs with heterotrophic plate counts for several pure and mixed cultures. For some organisms, it seems likely that a single cell cannot initiate sufficient growth to produce a positive result. Thus, this and other hydrocarbon-degrader MPN procedures might underestimate the hydrocarbon-degrading population, even for culturable organisms. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Haines, J R AU - Wrenn, BA AU - Holder, EL AU - Strohmeier, K L AU - Herrington, R T AU - Venosa, AD AD - US EPA, Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 36 EP - 41 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0169-4146, 0169-4146 KW - iodonitrotetrazolium violet KW - tetrazolium KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - biodegradation KW - hydrocarbons KW - most probable number KW - oil KW - microorganisms KW - A 01063:Utilization KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15669336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+hydrocarbon-degrading+microbial+populations+by+a+96-well+plate+most+probable+number+procedure&rft.au=Haines%2C+J+R%3BWrenn%2C+BA%3BHolder%2C+EL%3BStrohmeier%2C+K+L%3BHerrington%2C+R+T%3BVenosa%2C+AD&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01694146&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; hydrocarbons; most probable number; microorganisms; oil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - To clean or not to clean; a geostatistical approach for evaluating contaminated soils AN - 1566809500; 2014-078343 AB - Indicator kriging is used to estimate the probability that a discrete area of soil (known as an exposure unit) lies either above or below an action level, warranting a response of either remediation or "no further action." Resampling procedures are introduced as a way to optimize the number of additional samples needed to meet desired Type I and Type II error rates. This article provides the reader a step-by-step guide to the kriging analysis and a case study illustrating the procedures. Abstract Copyright (1996), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Cameron, Kirk AU - Brown, James R Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 19 EP - 43 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - detection limit KW - kriging KW - characterization KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - errors KW - sampling KW - decontamination KW - industry KW - discharge KW - soils KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - toxic materials KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - West Texas KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - Texas KW - geostatistics KW - variograms KW - metals KW - beryllium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566809500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=To+clean+or+not+to+clean%3B+a+geostatistical+approach+for+evaluating+contaminated+soils&rft.au=Cameron%2C+Kirk%3BBrown%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Cameron&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440060303 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; beryllium; characterization; chemical waste; concentration; decontamination; detection limit; discharge; errors; geostatistics; industry; kriging; metals; pollution; remediation; sampling; soil treatment; soils; statistical analysis; Texas; toxic materials; United States; variance analysis; variograms; West Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440060303 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of regulated chemicals versus emitted PICs and PICs for risk analysis AN - 15668076; 3954449 AB - In general, toxic combustion byproducts (TCBs) are the unwanted residues remaining in flue gases, combustion ashes, and wastewaters from the operation of an incineration or combustion facility. If a combustor is not well designed and operated, it may emit too high a level of TCBs. TCBs has been one of the major technical and sociological issues surrounding the use of incineration as a waste treatment alternative. Because of the complexity and controversy, the U.S. EPA issued a draft "Combustion Strategy" on May 18, 1993. The objective of the "Combustion Strategy" was to address the needs of and to outline the approaches for upgrading the existing incineration standards to better control TCB emissions. This article lists those chemicals and metals which are regulated by two major U.S. environmental laws, namely, the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990 and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976. The CAAA is to regulate the air emissions from major sources, and the RCRA is to protect human health and the environment from the management of solid wastes, particularly from waste incineration. This paper also lists the PIC chemicals that were studied under U.S. EPA incineration research programs in the 1980s and the PIC chemicals that EPA permit writers are considering be the subject of risk analyses during the process of industry's applying for an incinerator operating permit. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Lee, C C AU - Huffman, G L AU - Mao, Y L AD - US EPA, Off. Res. and Dev., Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., Sustain. Technol. Div., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 199 EP - 225 VL - 50 IS - 2-3 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - environmental protection KW - chemicals KW - solid waste disposal KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - permits KW - RCRA KW - federal regulations KW - toxic materials KW - legislation KW - incineration KW - metals KW - combustion products KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15668076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+regulated+chemicals+versus+emitted+PICs+and+PICs+for+risk+analysis&rft.au=Lee%2C+C+C%3BHuffman%2C+G+L%3BMao%2C+Y+L&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - legislation; chemicals; metals; federal regulations; combustion products; incineration; toxic materials; Clean Air Act Amendments; RCRA; permits; environmental protection; solid waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Teplice Program -- the impact of air pollution on human health AN - 15651192; 3947736 AB - The aim of the Teplice Program is to investigate and assess the impact of air pollution on the health of the population in the district of Teplice, Czech Republic. Characterization of the air pollutants demonstrated unusually high concentrations during winter inversions of fine particles dominated by acidic sulfates, genotoxic organic compounds, and toxic trace elements. The major source of airborne fine particles is the burning of coal for heating and power. Human exposure and biomarker studies demonstrated large seasonal variations in air pollution within the Teplice District and higher seasonal average pollution levels than the comparative district, Prachatice. Personal exposures to fine particles and organic carcinogens [e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)] were correlated with excretion of PAH metabolites in urine, several trace metals in blood, and DNA adducts in white blood cells. Respiratory and neurobehavioral studies of school children were conducted using questionnaires and clinical measures. A significantly higher prevalence of adverse respiratory symptoms and decreased lung function were found in the Teplice district than in Prachatice. The neurobehavioral studies indicated significantly higher teacher referrals for clinical assessment in Teplice, but the majority of objective performance measures did not differ. Reproductive studies were conducted in both males and females. A study of the effects of exposure on pregnancy and birth found an excess prevalence of low birth weight and premature births in Teplice; these adverse effects were more common in infants conceived in the winter and whose mothers were smokers. Based on questionnaires and medical examination, the reproductive development of young men was not different between districts and seasons, however, measures of semen quality suggest that exposure to high levels of air pollution are associated with transient decrements in semen quality. JF - ENVIRON. HEALTH PERSPECT. SUPPL. AU - Sram, R J AU - Benes, I AU - Binkova, B AU - Dejmek, J AU - Horstman, D AU - Kotesovec, F AU - Otto, D AU - Perreault, S D AU - Rubes, J AU - Selevan, S G AU - Skalik, I AU - Stevens, R K AU - Lewtas, J AD - Epidemiol. and Biomarker Branch, Hum. Stud. Div., MD 58C, NHEERL, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 VL - 104 KW - particulate pollution KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - NIH 96-218 KW - respiration KW - reproduction KW - seasonal variations KW - public health KW - neurotoxicity KW - air pollution KW - coal KW - respiratory function KW - pollution effects KW - Czech Rep. KW - lung KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15651192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ENVIRON.+HEALTH+PERSPECT.+SUPPL.&rft.atitle=Teplice+Program+--+the+impact+of+air+pollution+on+human+health&rft.au=Sram%2C+R+J%3BBenes%2C+I%3BBinkova%2C+B%3BDejmek%2C+J%3BHorstman%2C+D%3BKotesovec%2C+F%3BOtto%2C+D%3BPerreault%2C+S+D%3BRubes%2C+J%3BSelevan%2C+S+G%3BSkalik%2C+I%3BStevens%2C+R+K%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Sram&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+sul.+4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ENVIRON.+HEALTH+PERSPECT.+SUPPL.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Czech Rep.; air pollution; public health; coal; respiration; lung; reproduction; neurotoxicity; pollution effects; seasonal variations; respiratory function; particulate pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The importance of the biodiversity of soil biota in arid ecosystems AN - 15646007; 3946782 AB - The importance of soil biota in maintaining ecosystem integrity is examined by a review of studies of soil processes and soil biota in arid ecosystems. In decomposition and mineralization processes, there is a temporal succession of microarthropod and nematode species. Tydeid mites are keystone species in the early stages of decomposition. Soil pore neck size variation affects the spatial distribution of soil biota and requires that species differ in size to provide efficient processing of organic matter. In arid ecosystems, the sub-set of soil biota that is active at any point in time is determined by the soil water potential and soil temperature. The structure of soil microarthropod assemblages is similar in several arid regions of the world and abundance and diversity are directly related to quantity of litter accumulations and soil organic matter. The unique life histories and behavioural characteristics of desert soil macrofauna (termites and ants) determine the effects of these organisms on soil properties and soil formation. The soil biota, by affecting the spatial and temporal distribution of essential resources (water and nutrients), are essential to the maintenance of the ecosystem integrity of arid ecosystems. JF - Biodiversity and Conservation AU - Whitford, W G AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monitoring Systems Lab., PO Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 185 EP - 195 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 0960-3115, 0960-3115 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Arthropoda KW - Protozoa KW - arid environments KW - ecosystem structure KW - Nematoda KW - keystone species KW - biological diversity KW - soil KW - D 04600:Soil KW - Z 05209:Soil entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15646007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodiversity+and+Conservation&rft.atitle=The+importance+of+the+biodiversity+of+soil+biota+in+arid+ecosystems&rft.au=Whitford%2C+W+G&rft.aulast=Whitford&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodiversity+and+Conservation&rft.issn=09603115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arthropoda; Nematoda; soil; biological diversity; arid environments; Protozoa; keystone species; ecosystem structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life after death: Lignin-humic relationships reexamined AN - 15638474; 3940800 AB - In the last decade, application of modern degradative and nondegradative analysis techniques to both lignin of living plants and humic substances of soil has demonstrated characteristic similarities in the structures of these two types of natural polymers. Recognition of the similarities resulted in a revival of an earlier hypothesis concerning the genesis of soil organic matter from the aromatic parts of wood and nonwoody plants. The hypothesis assumes functionalization and restructuring but not complete depolymerization of lignin during its biotransformation into humic and fulvic acids in the environment. The biotransformation process results in the preservation of certain structural features during the humification of dead plants. A genetic approach is useful in the analyses of structure morphology, and chemical reactivity of humic substances. JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Shevchenko, S M AU - Bailey, G W AD - Ecosystems Res. Div., Natl. Exposure Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, 960 College Station Rd., Athens, GA 30605-2700, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 95 EP - 153 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - lignin KW - humic substances KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - biodegradation KW - reviews KW - soil KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15638474?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Life+after+death%3A+Lignin-humic+relationships+reexamined&rft.au=Shevchenko%2C+S+M%3BBailey%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Shevchenko&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews; soil; biodegradation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron stimulation of Antarctic bacteria AN - 15632570; 3938072 AB - Recent investigations of the ocean's iron cycle have focused primarily on the response of phytoplankton to iron enrichment. Bacteria, however, are important in the trophodynamics and elemental cycles of marine ecosystems. With the exception of phototrophic prokaryotes, the response of bacteria to iron enrichment has largely been ignored. Here we report the results of an iron-enrichment experiment suggesting that the growth of heterotrophic bacteria in Antarctic waters is stimulated by low-concentration additions of iron. JF - Nature AU - Pakulski, J D AU - Coffin, R B AU - Kelley, CA AU - Holder, S L AU - Downer, R AU - Aas, P AU - Lyons, M M AU - Jeffrey, W H AD - US EPA Gulf Ecol. Div., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 133 EP - 134 VL - 383 IS - 6596 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - heterotrophic bacteria KW - iron KW - nutritional requirements KW - siderophores KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Marine KW - heterotrophic organisms KW - Antarctica KW - marine environment KW - bacteria KW - PS, Antarctic Ocean KW - nannoplankton KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08481:Productivity KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15632570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Iron+stimulation+of+Antarctic+bacteria&rft.au=Pakulski%2C+J+D%3BCoffin%2C+R+B%3BKelley%2C+CA%3BHolder%2C+S+L%3BDowner%2C+R%3BAas%2C+P%3BLyons%2C+M+M%3BJeffrey%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Pakulski&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=383&rft.issue=6596&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nutritional requirements; marine environment; bacteria; nannoplankton; heterotrophic organisms; iron; siderophores; heterotrophic bacteria; Antarctica; PS, Antarctic Ocean; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioremediation of an experimental oil spill on the shoreline of Delaware Bay AN - 15625956; 3937127 AB - In the summer of 1994, a field study was undertaken in Delaware in which light crude oil was intentionally released onto plots to evaluate bioremediation. The objectives were to obtain credible statistical evidence to determine if bioremediation with inorganic mineral nutrients and/or microbial inoculation enhanced the removal of crude oil contaminating a sandy beach and to compute intrinsic and enhanced biodegradation rates. Biodegradation was tracked by GC/MS analysis of selected components, and the measured concentrations were corrected for abiotic removal by hopane normalization. A randomized block design was used to assess treatment effects. Three treatments were evaluated: a no-nutrient addition control, addition of water-soluble nutrients, and addition of water-soluble nutrients supplemented with a natural microbial inoculum from the site. Although substantial hydrocarbon biodegradation occurred in the untreated plots, statistically significant differences between treated and untreated plots were observed in the biodegradation rates of total alkane and total aromatic hydrocarbons. First-order rate constants for the disappearance of individual hopane-normalized alkanes and PAHs were computed, and the patterns of loss were typical of biodegradation. Significant differences were not observed between plots treated with nutrients alone and plots treated with nutrients and the indigenous inoculum. The high rate of oil biodegradation that was observed in the untreated plots was attributed to the background nitrogen that was measured at the site. Even though oil loss was enhanced by nutrient addition, active bioremediation in the form of exogenous nutrient addition might not be appropriate in cases where background nutrient levels are already sufficiently high to support high intrinsic rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Venosa, AD AU - Suidan, M T AU - Wrenn, BA AU - Strohmeier, K L AU - Haines, J R AU - Eberhart, B L AU - King, D AU - Holder, E AD - Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1764 EP - 1775 VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - USA, Delaware, Delaware Bay KW - aromatic compounds KW - comparison studies KW - field tests KW - marine pollution KW - microbial degradation KW - nutrients KW - sediment pollution KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts KW - beaches KW - oil spills KW - ANW, USA, Delaware Bay KW - Marine KW - sand KW - biodegradation KW - bioremediation KW - hydrocarbons KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15625956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Bioremediation+of+an+experimental+oil+spill+on+the+shoreline+of+Delaware+Bay&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BSuidan%2C+M+T%3BWrenn%2C+BA%3BStrohmeier%2C+K+L%3BHaines%2C+J+R%3BEberhart%2C+B+L%3BKing%2C+D%3BHolder%2C+E&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; sand; beaches; marine pollution; oil spills; hydrocarbons; sediment pollution; bioremediation; nutrients; aromatic compounds; field tests; comparison studies; microbial degradation; ANW, USA, Delaware Bay; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute trimethyltin exposure produces nonspecific effects on learning in rats working under a multiple repeated acquisition and performance schedule AN - 15601690; 3922078 AB - Previous research has explored the adverse effects of trimethyltin (TMT) on learning and memory in laboratory animals. Virtually all studies of TMT effects on learning have not, however, included appropriate controls to establish a selective effect on learning. This experiment investigated the effects of TMT on the repeated acquisition (learning) and performance of response sequences. Adult male Long-Evans rats, maintained at 300 g b.wt., were trained with food reinforcement under a multiple repeated acquisition (RA) and performance (P) schedule. The RA component required rats to learn a different three-member response sequence during each session (Center Right Left, RLC, RCL, LCR, or LRC); the correct response sequence remained constant in the P component (CLR). RA and P components alternated twice during a session. Rats were given 0, 4, or 8 mg/kg TMT IV after 30 sessions of stable baseline performance, and an additional 40 sessions were conducted following TMT. Prior to TMT, all groups maintained comparable accuracy levels in both RA and P components. Following TMT, significant decreases in both accuracy and response rate were obtained in the 8 mg/kg group. Thereafter, response rate and accuracy both recovered to near baseline levels, although large individual differences were observed. No selective effects of TMT were obtained on RA when compared to P. These data suggest that TMT-induced impairments on learning may be due to a generalized performance decrement rather than a specific effect on learning. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Cohn, J AU - Macphail, R C AD - Neurotoxicol. Div. (MD-74B), Natl. Health and Environ. Eff. Res. Lab., US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 99 EP - 111 VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - trimethyltin KW - glial fibrillary acidic protein KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - learning behavior KW - X 24161:Acute exposure KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15601690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Acute+trimethyltin+exposure+produces+nonspecific+effects+on+learning+in+rats+working+under+a+multiple+repeated+acquisition+and+performance+schedule&rft.au=Cohn%2C+J%3BMacphail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Cohn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - learning behavior ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of marine sediment colloids and associated polychlorinated biphenyls: An evaluation of ultrafiltration and reverse-phase chromatography AN - 15595654; 3920685 AB - Environmental colloids are suspected of having significant effects on nonpolar organic contaminant geochemistry, transport, and bioavailability. However, environmental data on colloid-contaminant interactions is limited because isolating colloids from the dissolved and particulate phases is problematic. In this study, two practical methods using ultrafiltration and reverse-phase chromatography were evaluated for isolating environmentally contaminated marine sediment interstitial water colloids and associated PCBs. In assessing each method, ultrafiltration demonstrated extensive sorption of radiolabeled nonpolar compounds (>90%) and a re-occurring breakthrough phenomena, both of which compromise the method for accurately assessing colloid-PCB interactions. Conversely, C sub(18) reverse-phase chromatography, performed using laboratory-packed columns, generated reproducible organic carbon-normalized colloidal partitioning coefficients (K sub(coc)) that agreed with literature and theoretical considerations. Evaluations of sample flow rate and prefiltration size along with potential for C sub(18) bed saturation indicated that these parameters have only a minor (e.g., less than a factor of 2) effect on the calculated contaminant distribution coefficients. Of the two methods evaluated, reverse-phase chromatography was the most promising for quantifying environmental colloid-PCB interactions. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Burgess, R M AU - McKinney, R A AU - Brown, WA AU - Quinn, J G AD - U.S. EPA, NHEERL, Atlantic Ecol. Div. & Grad. Sch. Oceanogr., Univ. Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1923 EP - 1932 VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - analytical techniques KW - chemical pollutants KW - chemical pollution KW - chromatography KW - evaluation KW - marine sediments KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - sediment analysis KW - sediment pollution KW - ultrafiltration KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - filtration KW - geochemistry KW - Marine KW - colloids KW - O 4095:Instruments/Methods KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15595654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+marine+sediment+colloids+and+associated+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3A+An+evaluation+of+ultrafiltration+and+reverse-phase+chromatography&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BMcKinney%2C+R+A%3BBrown%2C+WA%3BQuinn%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1923&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollution; chemical pollutants; colloids; filtration; sediment analysis; analytical techniques; sediment pollution; geochemistry; PCB; evaluation; chromatography; PCB compounds; marine sediments; polychlorinated biphenyls; ultrafiltration; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of ozone on the colloidal stability and aggregation of particles coated with natural organic matter AN - 15586598; 3916734 AB - Adsorption of natural organic matter (NOM) onto particles contributes to their colloidal stability and inhibits coagulation in water treatment. Ozone has been shown to assist in the destabilization of particles during water treatment by several hypothesized mechanisms. The goal of this research was to study the effects of ozone on NOM-coated particles in model (synthetic) waters to determine prevailing mechanisms and to quantify the effects of different variables. The experimental system included particles, aqueous phase NOM in equilibrium with particle phase (sorbed) NOM, and a background solution chemistry reflecting pH, ionic strength, and potentially influential ions (e.g., calcium, bicarbonate). Particle stability was assessed through electrophoretic mobility measurements while particle aggregation was assessed through use of a collision efficiency factor ( alpha ) under fluid shear mixing conditions. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Chandrakanth AU - Amy, G L AD - U.S. EPA, 960 Coll. Stn. Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 431 EP - 443 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - oxalic acid KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - water treatment KW - ozonation KW - organic matter KW - particulates KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15586598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+ozone+on+the+colloidal+stability+and+aggregation+of+particles+coated+with+natural+organic+matter&rft.au=Chandrakanth%3BAmy%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Chandrakanth&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water treatment; ozonation; organic matter; particulates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis against lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) AN - 15585163; 3918100 AB - Toxins from 36 isolates, representative of all available subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis, were tested against larvae and adults of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica. beta -Exotoxin was effective against both larvae and adults. Spore-crystal complexes of subspecies darmstadiensis isolates from Germany were effective against larvae. Isolates of subspecies darmstadiensis from the US and Japan were not effective. The degree of control achieved by even the best isolate was not economically satisfactory. JF - Biocontrol Science and Technology AU - Beegle, C C AD - US EPA, Off. Pestic. Programs, Biopest. and Pollut. Prev. Div. 7501 W, 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 15 EP - 21 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 0958-3157, 0958-3157 KW - beta -exotoxin KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - biological control KW - Rhyzopertha dominica KW - Coleoptera KW - Bacillus thuringiensis KW - Bostrichidae KW - pathogenicity KW - spore crystals KW - A 01014:Others KW - Z 05182:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15585163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+Bacillus+thuringiensis+against+lesser+grain+borer%2C+Rhyzopertha+dominica+%28Coleoptera%3A+Bostrichidae%29&rft.au=Beegle%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Beegle&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09583157&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacillus thuringiensis; Rhyzopertha dominica; Coleoptera; Bostrichidae; pathogenicity; spore crystals; biological control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid-enhanced transport of chemicals in subsurface environments: A review AN - 15584956; 3913592 AB - Ample published evidence demonstrates that colloidal particles can act as carriers to enhance the transport of contaminants in subsurface environments. Conventionally, soil and aquifer porous media are considered to have two phases: an immobile solid matrix and a mobile liquid. Published reports indicate that biocolloids, aluminosilicate clay minerals, and organic colloids can migrate to considerable distances during water flow in soils and aquifers. In the presence of such carriers, the system should be perceived as consisting of three phases: a stationary solid matrix phase, a carrier phase, and an aqueous phase. Particle transport through porous media has been clearly demonstrated in filtration studies, but a need exists to investigate the role of colloidal carriers upon contaminant transport in porous media and to model carrier-enhanced migration of contaminants accurately. In order to assess the potential role of colloidal carriers in facilitating chemical transport in porous media, this review was undertaken to investigate (1) the occurrence and stability of colloids in porous media, (2) the association and movement of colloids with chemicals in porous media, (3) models for the transport of colloids in porous media, and (4) models for colloid-enhanced chemical transport in porous media. In addition, suggested areas for future research are included. JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Shinde, D AU - Mansell, R S AU - Harris, W AD - CDSI, U.S.-EPA, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 189 EP - 204 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - path of pollutants KW - porous media KW - soil water KW - transport processes KW - pollution dispersion KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - particle size KW - reviews KW - groundwater KW - colloids KW - contamination KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15584956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Colloid-enhanced+transport+of+chemicals+in+subsurface+environments%3A+A+review&rft.au=Ouyang%2C+Y%3BShinde%2C+D%3BMansell%2C+R+S%3BHarris%2C+W&rft.aulast=Ouyang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - colloids; path of pollutants; porous media; contamination; particle size; reviews; groundwater; soil water; pollution dispersion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analysis of EPA's current approach to ecological risk assessments at military base closure sites AN - 15583433; 3910200 AB - This article presents an overview and qualitative analysis of ecological risk assessment at base closure sites nationwide. Much of the information presented was obtained from interviews, over a two-year period beginning in the spring of 1994, with managers and staff from EPA Headquarters and Regions, Remedial Project Managers and Superfund Ecological Risk Assessment Support Staff involved with the daily operation of the Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) program. Individuals from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Department of the Army, three states (Texas, California, and South Carolina), and one public interest group (Environmental and Energy Study Institute) also provided input to this study. Included in this article is an overview of the regulatory requirements for ecological risk assessments at BRAC sites, and descriptions of the roles of various stakeholders in the process. Based on interviews with federal and state environmental decision makers, this article discusses technical and policy issues related to current ecological risk assessment activities at military base closure sites across the country. It also presents examples of ongoing ecological risk assessment studies to help illustrate the issues that must be resolved for successful risk characterization and environmental cleanup to take place. The article ends with a discussion of various options and recommendations for improving ecological risk assessments at current and future BRAC sites. These recommendations, based partly on interviews with study participants, are presented in the hopes of improving the overall cost and resource effectiveness of the program, financial as well as ecological. After all, it was evident throughout this study that the parties involved share the same goal--to clean up and transfer safe and valuable property as soon as possible so that community revitalization can occur. This article will show, however, that this goal may not be achieved unless the current system is significantly changed. JF - Federal Facilities Environmental Journal AU - Fox, CA AD - Off. Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1048-4078, 1048-4078 KW - military KW - EPA KW - government regulations KW - government policy KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - ecosystems KW - pollution clean-up KW - environmental impact KW - USA KW - risk assessment KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15583433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.atitle=An+analysis+of+EPA%27s+current+approach+to+ecological+risk+assessments+at+military+base+closure+sites&rft.au=Fox%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.issn=10484078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; risk assessment; military; EPA; pollution clean-up; government regulations; environmental impact; ecosystems; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial reduction of Cr(VI) during anaerobic degradation of benzoate AN - 15575463; 3908424 AB - A series of microcosms and enrichments were conducted to evaluate the potential for microbially mediated Cr(VI) reduction linked to benzoate catabolism. Bacterial degradation of benzoate with the transport of electrons to Cr(VI) was achieved using nitrate or molecular oxygen as an initial stimulator. After depletion of nitrate or oxygen, microcosms and enrichments still retained the capacity for benzoate degradation linked to Cr(VI) reduction. Experiments demonstrated that benzoate degradation occurred concurrently with the reduction of Cr(VI) and was strongly dependent on the presence of Cr(VI). Benzoate degradation proceeded as long as Cr(VI) was present, ceased when Cr(VI) was completely removed, and continued once Cr(VI) was added. Furthermore, the observed benzoate removal, linearly correlated with Cr(VI) consumed, and the stoichiometric ratio were in good agreement to the theoretical ratio for the complete oxidation of benzoate to carbon dioxide coupled to the reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). The addition of nitrate up to a concentration of 5.0 mM did not inhibit Cr(VI) reduction but enhanced benzoate degradation in the enrichments. This process may provide the opportunity for in-situ biotreatment of Cr(VI) in subsurface environments. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Shen, H AU - Pritchard, PH AU - Sewell, G W AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., Subsurface Prot. and Remediation Div., Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1667 EP - 1674 VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - benzoate KW - chromium KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - biodegradation KW - bacteria KW - reduction KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15575463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Microbial+reduction+of+Cr%28VI%29+during+anaerobic+degradation+of+benzoate&rft.au=Shen%2C+H%3BPritchard%2C+PH%3BSewell%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; reduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aquatic accounting: Chesapeake Bay watershed model quantifies nutrient loads AN - 15570425; 3907515 AB - According to water quality modeling expert Robert V. Thomann, decision makers who assess environmental control strategies are wary of two possibilities: reducing waste inputs to a water body with little or no improvement in water quality, which in environmental engineering is the equivalent of building half a bridge; or mandating controls that are subsequently shown to be excessive, the equivalent of building a bridge to nowhere. To avoid these possibilities, researchers at EPA's Chesapeake Bay Program in Annapolis, Md., are developing a tool for examining the levels of nutrient control achievable in the bay. The watershed model simulates nutrient loads delivered to the estuary under various management scenarios and quantifies the nonpoint and point source loads from major basin sources. Nutrient loads are separated into anthropogenic loads amenable to management and nonanthropogenic loads considered uncontrollable. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Linker, L C AU - Stigall, C G AU - Chang, CH AU - Donigian, A S AD - EPA Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, MD, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 48 EP - 52 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - algal blooms KW - decision making KW - nutrient loading KW - nutrients KW - nutrients (mineral) KW - pollution control KW - water pollution control KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - algae KW - estuaries KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - eutrophication KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15570425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Aquatic+accounting%3A+Chesapeake+Bay+watershed+model+quantifies+nutrient+loads&rft.au=Linker%2C+L+C%3BStigall%2C+C+G%3BChang%2C+CH%3BDonigian%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Linker&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; water quality; eutrophication; nutrients (mineral); algae; algal blooms; pollution control; water pollution control; nutrients; nutrient loading; decision making; USA, Chesapeake Bay; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aquatic accounting AN - 13650396; 199603156 AB - The development of a watershed model for examining the levels of nutrient control achievable in Chesapeake bay is described. The model simulated nutrient loads delivered to the estuary under various management scenarios and quantified the nonpoint and point source loads from major basin sources. The Chesapeake bay watershed drained the water and nutrient loads of 7 mid-Atlantic states. The model structure, input data, scenarios and results are discussed. Nutrient reduction targets had been assigned to all major rivers feeding into the bay. The use of nutrient trading to allow cost-effective clean-up without adversely affecting the resources of Chesapeake bay is considered. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Linker, L C AU - Stigall, C G AU - Chang, CH AU - Donigian, A S AD - U.S. EPA, Annapolis, Md. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 48 EP - 52 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - State KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13650396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Aquatic+accounting&rft.au=Linker%2C+L+C%3BStigall%2C+C+G%3BChang%2C+CH%3BDonigian%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Linker&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of water chemistry on the toxicity of copper to fathead minnows AN - 13648617; 199603970 AB - The effects of water chemistry (major cations and anions, pH, alkalinity, hardness, dissolved organic matter, suspended solids) on the toxicity of copper to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were studied. Increased pH, hardness, sodium, dissolved organic matter and suspended solids caused toxicity to decrease on the basis of total copper concentrations. Added potassium resulted in increased toxicity. Alkalinity had no observed effect on total copper LC50, but its effects were masked by those of the cations added with it. The effects of water chemistry were generally similar for different endpoints (growth, survival at different durations) but there were differences in the relative magnitude. Total copper 96-h LC50 values varied 60-fold and cupric ion LC50 varied 16-fold. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Erickson, R J AU - Benoit, DA AU - Mattson, V R AU - Nelson, H P AU - Leonard, EN AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 181 EP - 193 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13648617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+water+chemistry+on+the+toxicity+of+copper+to+fathead+minnows&rft.au=Erickson%2C+R+J%3BBenoit%2C+DA%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BNelson%2C+H+P%3BLeonard%2C+EN&rft.aulast=Erickson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the recoveries of Escherichia coli and total coliforms from drinking water by the MI agar method and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-approved membrane filter method AN - 13647893; 199603225 AB - The usefulness of a new membrane filter medium, MI agar, containing the fluorogen 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside and the chromogen indoxyl-beta-D-glucuronide, in recovering chlorine-stressed or damaged target organisms from drinking water was assessed. Results obtained using this method are compared with those from the currently-approved U.S. EPA membrane filter method for Escherichia coli and total coliforms. The study also compared non-coliform or background recoveries and examined the effects of various parameters. Recoveries with the new medium were significantly higher than those with standard media, while background counts were lower. Tap water source, chlorine level, wastewater source and other parameters did not affect the performance of the new medium. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Brenner, K P AU - Rankin, C C AU - Sivaganesan, M AU - Scarpino, P V AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 203 EP - 208 VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Filter media (see also packing, groups below) KW - Fluorogen KW - Media KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13647893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+recoveries+of+Escherichia+coli+and+total+coliforms+from+drinking+water+by+the+MI+agar+method+and+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency-approved+membrane+filter+method&rft.au=Brenner%2C+K+P%3BRankin%2C+C+C%3BSivaganesan%2C+M%3BScarpino%2C+P+V&rft.aulast=Brenner&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic sensitivity of one-, four-, and seven-day-old fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) larvae to five toxicants AN - 13644549; 199604458 AB - One-, 4- and 7-day old fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) larvae were exposed to potassium chloride, sodium chloride, 1-octanol, carbaryl or benzaldehyde at concentrations of 125-2000 mg per litre for 7 d. Survival and growth were studied. Hypothesis testing was used to calculate no observed effect concentrations (NOEC) and lowest observed effect concentrations (LOEC) based on survival and growth and also on biomass. The NOEC for survival and growth for potassium chloride and sodium chloride were 500 and 4000 mg per litre, respectively. These values were not affected by larval age. The effects of 1-octanol and carbaryl on growth were more sensitive than the effects on survival but toxicity was not affected by larval age. The 1-d-old larvae were more sensitive to benzaldehyde than the older larvae. The acceptability of the fathead minnow larval survival and growth test method is discussed. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Pickering, Q H AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Winks, K L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 353 EP - 359 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Subchronic+sensitivity+of+one-%2C+four-%2C+and+seven-day-old+fathead+minnow+%28Pimephales+promelas%29+larvae+to+five+toxicants&rft.au=Pickering%2C+Q+H%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BWinks%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Pickering&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical methods for modelling water quality in distribution systems: a comparison AN - 13643654; 199603832 AB - Four numerical methods of modelling the transient behaviour of water quality in drinking water distribution systems were compared. Of these, 2 were Eulerian (the finite-difference and discrete-volume methods), while the others were Lagrangian (the time-driven and event-driven methods). Each method was encoded in an existing distribution system simulation model and run on several pipe networks of varying size with equal accuracy tolerances. The results for all the methods were comparable in terms of accuracy. The Lagrangian methods were more efficient for simulating chemical transport. The Eulerian methods were more memory-efficient, while the time-driven Lagrangian method was most efficient for modelling water age. There are 30 references. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Rossman, LA AU - Boulos, P F AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 137 EP - 146 VL - 122 IS - 2 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13643654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Numerical+methods+for+modelling+water+quality+in+distribution+systems%3A+a+comparison&rft.au=Rossman%2C+LA%3BBoulos%2C+P+F&rft.aulast=Rossman&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pretreatment to reduce somatic Salmonella phage interference with FRNA coliphage assays: successful use in a one-year survey of vulnerable groundwaters AN - 13643523; 199605215 AB - In a one-year survey of 30 contamination-vulnerable groundwater sites in the continental U.S.A., Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, somatic Salmonella (SS) phages were commonly detected in higher numbers than F-specific RNA (FRNA) coliphages. A pre-treatment, involving selective SS phage removal by Salmonella typhimurium WG45 cells, was applied to groundwater samples to reduce the SS phage content of the samples, thus permitting FRNA coliphage assaying with S. typhimurium WG49. Details of the survey are presented and include the detection of an average FRNA coliphage concentration of 140 plaque-forming units (pfu) per 100 litres of groundwater (from 58 monthly samples at 5 sites), as compared with an average SS coliphage concentration of 565 pfu per 100 litres of groundwater. Additionally, 20 of the 58 monthly samples were positive for both FRNA and SS phages. JF - Letters in Applied Microbiology AU - Stetler, R E AU - Williams, F P AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 49 EP - 54 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0266-8254, 0266-8254 KW - Equipment KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13643523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Pretreatment+to+reduce+somatic+Salmonella+phage+interference+with+FRNA+coliphage+assays%3A+successful+use+in+a+one-year+survey+of+vulnerable+groundwaters&rft.au=Stetler%2C+R+E%3BWilliams%2C+F+P&rft.aulast=Stetler&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=02668254&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioremediation of an experimental oil spill on the shoreline of Delaware bay AN - 13641051; 199604743 AB - The possibility of enhancing the removal of oil from a beach by microbial inoculation and the addition of inorganic mineral nutrients, together or separately, was explored in four blocks of 4 experimental plots on a sandy beach. Light crude oil from which the most volatile components had been removed was applied to the plots. The nutrient medium was a sodium nitrate and tripolyphosphate mixture. An indigenous inoculum was prepared with the crude oil as sole carbon source. Sand samples were systematically taken to monitor biodegradation; they were extracted by organic solvents and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Alkane- and PAH-degrading bacteria were analysed. Biodegradation was also measured in closed laboratory flask experiments. Corrections for abiotic removal were made by normalization to hopane. First-order rates of oil biodegradation were estimated by nonlinear regression analysis. The values obtained supported biodegradation as the likely mechanism of oil removal. The addition of nutrients enhanced biodegradation compared with untreated plot; considerable removal occurred on the latter. The inoculum did not significantly enhance removal. The high rate of background removal was attributed to a substantial amount of nitrogen being present. Active bioremediation by supplementary nutrient addition was probably inappropriate at this site where nutrient levels were already adequate. There are 38 references. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Venosa, AD AU - Suidan, M T AU - Wrenn, BA AU - Strohmeier, K L AU - Haines, J R AU - Eberhart, B L AU - King, D AU - Holder, E AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1764 EP - 1775 VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Media KW - Sodium nitrate KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13641051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Bioremediation+of+an+experimental+oil+spill+on+the+shoreline+of+Delaware+bay&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BSuidan%2C+M+T%3BWrenn%2C+BA%3BStrohmeier%2C+K+L%3BHaines%2C+J+R%3BEberhart%2C+B+L%3BKing%2C+D%3BHolder%2C+E&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental methods for Cryptosporidium AN - 13640816; 199702238 AB - The findings of a report by the Working Group on Waterborne Cryptosporidiosis are summarized. Methods for evaluating the viability of Cryptosporidium are reviewed and evaluated. Surrogate indicators, assays and processing techniques are examined. Method characteristics, sample collection and processing, targets, assay type and status are summarized. As most of the methods use antibody-based assays, relevant information on the available antibodies is also given. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Jakubowski, W AU - Boutros, S AU - Faber, W AU - Fayer, R AU - Ghiorse, W AU - Lechevallier, M AU - Rose, J AU - Schaub, S AU - Singh, A AU - Stewart, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 107 EP - 121 VL - 88 IS - 9 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13640816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Environmental+methods+for+Cryptosporidium&rft.au=Jakubowski%2C+W%3BBoutros%2C+S%3BFaber%2C+W%3BFayer%2C+R%3BGhiorse%2C+W%3BLechevallier%2C+M%3BRose%2C+J%3BSchaub%2C+S%3BSingh%2C+A%3BStewart%2C+M&rft.aulast=Jakubowski&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extraction and analysis of low concentrations of DDT, DDE and DDD in small volumes of sediment pore water AN - 13640541; 199701267 AB - An analytical method was developed for DDT and its metabolites at concentrations below 1 ng per litre in 30-ml volumes of sediment porewater. The methods and their detailed variations were assessed by spiking uncontaminated porewater. This was extracted with hexane and fractionated on acid celite. This material proved superior to acid silica gel for the removal of interfering compounds. Quantification was achieved by gas chromatography. Method performance was monitored with PCB 065, its mean recovery being 48-60 per cent. The procedure was applied to sediments contaminated by DDT from a former chemical discharge. Details of the evaluation of the analytical method are given. JF - Chemosphere AU - Cotter, A M AU - Kosian, P A AU - Hoke, R A AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1341 EP - 1354 VL - 33 IS - 7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Celite KW - Analysis KW - Hexane KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13640541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Extraction+and+analysis+of+low+concentrations+of+DDT%2C+DDE+and+DDD+in+small+volumes+of+sediment+pore+water&rft.au=Cotter%2C+A+M%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Cotter&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 in water from coliform enrichment cultures AN - 13640280; 199701206 AB - Escherichia coli 0157:H7 was recovered from environmental water samples using a traditional coliform enrichment procedure followed by selective plating on sorbitol MacConkey agar and biochemical and serological characterization. All of the isolates were positive in the glutamate decarboxylase assay and negative in the beta-glucuronidase assay which were useful procedures for screening suspected isolates. The organism was not recovered in a survey of 20 water samples. JF - Letters in Applied Microbiology AU - Rice, E W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Reasoner, D J AD - US EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 179 EP - 182 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0266-8254, 0266-8254 KW - Sorbitol KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13640280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Detection+of+Escherichia+coli+0157%3AH7+in+water+from+coliform+enrichment+cultures&rft.au=Rice%2C+E+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BReasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=02668254&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Basic comparison of structure and functioning of legislative, governmental and non-governmental bodies for water quality management in the USA and CR: an American view AN - 13640010; 199605506 AB - A brief history of water resource management and institutions in the U.S.A. is given and some problems arising from the approach taken are outlined. These were principally related to difficulties of integrating the work of regulatory agencies. The U.S. EPA's policy to water quality management was expressed through the Watershed Protection Approach whose key principles were: integrated science focusing on a specific geographical area, stakeholder involvement, integrated actions, and evaluation. Progress in implementing WPA is outlined. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Brady, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Chicago, Ill. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 27 EP - 30 VL - 33 IS - 4/5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13640010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Basic+comparison+of+structure+and+functioning+of+legislative%2C+governmental+and+non-governmental+bodies+for+water+quality+management+in+the+USA+and+CR%3A+an+American+view&rft.au=Brady%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4%2F5&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Covalent binding of aniline to humic substances. 1. Kinetic studies AN - 13639638; 199702297 AB - The kinetics of covalent binding of aniline to dissolved organic matter (DOM) at concentrations typically found in natural aquatic ecosystems (1-50 mg carbon per litre) were studied. The binding of aniline to Suwannee river humic and fulvic acid isolates, International Humic Substances Society soil humic and fulvic acid isolates, unfractionated DOM isolated from the Suwannee river, and whole samples of Suwannee river water was investigated. The reaction kinetics were second-order. It was estimated that approximately 10 per cent of the covalent binding sites associated with Suwannee river fulvic acid (SRFA) were highly reactive sites. The effects of pH and redox potential on the covalent binding of aniline to SRFA were determined. The reaction rate decreased with decreasing pH. The covalent binding of aniline with SRFA was inhibited by pre-treatment of the fulvic acid with hydrogen sulphide, hydroxylamine or sodium borohydride. There are 38 references. (see also following abstract). JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Weber, E J AU - Spidle, D L AU - Thorn, KA AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2755 EP - 2763 VL - 30 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Hydroxylamine KW - International humic substances society KW - Reduction KW - Sodium borohydride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Covalent+binding+of+aniline+to+humic+substances.+1.+Kinetic+studies&rft.au=Weber%2C+E+J%3BSpidle%2C+D+L%3BThorn%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modified survival, growth and reproduction in an estuarine mysid (Mysidopsis bahia) exposed to a juvenile hormone analogue throughout a complete life cycle AN - 13639500; 199700476 AB - Mysids were exposed to methoprene throughout a complete life cycle. At 125 ug methoprene per litre all mysids died within 4 d. Mysid growth was significantly less than control after 15 d exposure to 62 ug per litre. The length of time to release of the first brood was significantly increased at concentrations of 4, 8,31 and 62 ug per litre, and the number of young released from the first broods was significantly reduced at 8 ug per litre and above. The most sensitive response to methoprene was the number of young produced during the first brood of individual females which was reduced at all concentrations tested from 2 ug per litre. There are 43 references JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - McKenney, CL AU - Celestial, D M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 11 EP - 20 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Modified+survival%2C+growth+and+reproduction+in+an+estuarine+mysid+%28Mysidopsis+bahia%29+exposed+to+a+juvenile+hormone+analogue+throughout+a+complete+life+cycle&rft.au=McKenney%2C+CL%3BCelestial%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=McKenney&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions between ozone, AOM, and particles in water treatment AN - 13639494; 199605308 AB - The effects of ozone on algogenic organic matter (AOM) were investigated. Mechanisms by which ozone treatment led to reductions in colloidal stability in the case of particles coated with AOM were also examined. AOM was extracted from 2 algae, Scenedesmus and Chlorella, for use in synthetic waters. Particle stability was assessed using electrophoretic mobility measurements. Changes in humic content, molecular weight, acidity and complexation capacity of AOM with calcium were studied before and after ozone treatment. Ozonation enhanced flocculation only if calcium binding increased significantly after ozonation. The magnitude of the increase in calcium binding depended on the type of AOM present in the water. There are 36 references. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Chandrakanth AU - Krishnan, S AU - Amy, G L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 459 EP - 468 VL - 122 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Interactions+between+ozone%2C+AOM%2C+and+particles+in+water+treatment&rft.au=Chandrakanth%3BKrishnan%2C+S%3BAmy%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Chandrakanth&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Milwaukee's crypto outbreak: investigation and recommendations AN - 13639189; 199702236 AB - Investigations by the U.S. EPA into the outbreak of waterborne disease caused by Cryptosporidium in Milwaukee, Wis., in March-April 1993, are reported. The outbreak caused illness in more than 400,000 people served by 2 water treatment facilities that used raw water from Michigan lake. Facility operational and laboratory data were also examined. Factors contributing the the outbreak are discussed. Recommendations for improving the operation of the treatment works are summarized. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Fox, K R AU - Lytle, DA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinatti, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 87 EP - 94 VL - 88 IS - 9 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Milwaukee%27s+crypto+outbreak%3A+investigation+and+recommendations&rft.au=Fox%2C+K+R%3BLytle%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Watershed Protection Approach: a framework for ecosystem protection AN - 13639034; 199605514 AB - The principles of ecosystem management and Community-based Environmental Protection are explained as background to the Watershed Protection Approach (WPA). The important aspects of the latter involved a geographical focus, action driven by environmental objectives, co-ordinated priority setting, integrated solutions and management decisions taken in partnership. The U.S. EPA's methods of implementing WPA, often through state and other agencies, included: better co-operation between agencies and within the EPA; the creation of state catchment programmes; improved catchment management; and communication with the public. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Davenport, TE AU - Phillips, N J AU - Kirschner, BA AU - Kirschner, L T AD - U.S. EPA, Chicago, Ill. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 23 EP - 26 VL - 33 IS - 4/5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=The+Watershed+Protection+Approach%3A+a+framework+for+ecosystem+protection&rft.au=Davenport%2C+TE%3BPhillips%2C+N+J%3BKirschner%2C+BA%3BKirschner%2C+L+T&rft.aulast=Davenport&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4%2F5&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracking a Salmonella serovar typhimurium outbreak in Gideon, Missouri: role of contaminant propagation modelling AN - 13638941; 199700692 AB - The initiation and development of a water-borne disease outbreak in the small town (population 1100) of Gideon, Mo., in November-January 1993/94 is described. The supply system had been operated with the minimum of expenditure, as 25 per cent of the residents had become defined as below the poverty line. The water source was 2 Artesian wells, lying above an active geological stratum, and usually supplying water at the abnormally high temperature for groundwater of 16C. A drop in temperature on one night in November caused destratification of water in the town's water storage tanks, as there were immediate complaints of poor taste and odour. These led to a flushing programme, with further disturbance of tank sediments, followed soon by the first case of diarrhoea. Ultimately, some 600 residents were affected before the end of 1993; by early January 1994, 31 cases of salmonellosis had been confirmed. The well waters were not, before the outbreak, chlorinated. Identification and enumeration of bacteria was carried out at numerous sampling points, including taps, fire hydrants and storage tanks, and a visual inspection made of the condition of the well heads and the tanks. At the wells, used alternately on a monthly rota basis, farm contamination run-off to a pit containing the water meter and valve for one of them, subject to flooding, was identified, and there was no backflow-prevention device to prevent cross-contamination to the other well when the pump was turned on. At the tanks, holes were found in the flat roofs, which served as roosting sites for many pigeons, and droppings and feathers were found in the water within. A hydraulic analysis of the network was carried out, using the EPANET model, to ascertain which of the 2 possible sources of contamination was the more probable, by tracing the site and date of occurrence of outbreaks, and relating them to the zone of influence of the storage tanks and the feed to them. One specific tank was identified as the culprit. The town should set a water tariff which would provide sufficient funds for proper system maintenance. JF - Aqua AU - Clark, R M AU - Geldreich, EE AU - Fox, K R AU - Rice, E W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Barnick, JA AU - Abdesaken, F AD - NRMRL, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 171 EP - 183 VL - 45 IS - 4 KW - Birds (see also individual groups below) KW - Diseases (see also individual groups below) KW - Equipment KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Night KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13638941?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aqua&rft.atitle=Tracking+a+Salmonella+serovar+typhimurium+outbreak+in+Gideon%2C+Missouri%3A+role+of+contaminant+propagation+modelling&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGeldreich%2C+EE%3BFox%2C+K+R%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BBarnick%2C+JA%3BAbdesaken%2C+F&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aqua&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benefits and costs of wellhead protection AN - 13638875; 199700604 AB - A recent U.S. EPA study showed that wellhead protection measures were cost-effective. An analysis of 7 communities suggested that, on average, dealing with contamination of groundwater supplies might be 30 to 40 times more costly than preventing it in the first place. For the smallest community the benefits, expressed as possible avoided costs of contamination, were 200 times the cost of wellhead protection. For the larger communities, benefit:cost ratios ranged from 5:1 to 178:1. To date, 41 U.S. states and territories had adopted wellhead protection measures under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Benefits and costs from the EPA report are tabulated. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Job, CA AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 65 EP - 68 VL - 16 IS - 2 KW - Analysis KW - State KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13638875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Benefits+and+costs+of+wellhead+protection&rft.au=Job%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Job&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of artificial sediments in a comparative toxicity study with larvae and postlarvae of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio AN - 13638832; 199702996 AB - An artificial seawater-sediment system was assessed for use in evaluating the potential hazard of fenvalerate to Palaemonetes pugio larvae and postlarvae. The sediment was prepared from sand, silt, clay, sphagnum moss and humic acid and mixed with the toxicant to provide concentrations of 1, 10 or 100 ug fenvalerate per kg dry sediment in 20 ppt seawater. Fenvalerate was not detected in the water column but was measured in sediment at the nominal concentration of 100 ug per kg. P. pugio was adversely affected by direct contact with fenvalerate in the sediment at metamorphosis when changing from pelagic individuals to benthic organisms. JF - Environmental Pollution AU - Weber, DE AU - McKenney, CL AU - MacGregor, MA AU - Celestial, D M AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 129 EP - 133 VL - 93 IS - 2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 KW - Hazard KW - Metamorphosed KW - Postlarvae KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13638832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Pollution&rft.atitle=Use+of+artificial+sediments+in+a+comparative+toxicity+study+with+larvae+and+postlarvae+of+the+grass+shrimp%2C+Palaemonetes+pugio&rft.au=Weber%2C+DE%3BMcKenney%2C+CL%3BMacGregor%2C+MA%3BCelestial%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Pollution&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of titanium oxide/UV disinfection byproducts in drinking water AN - 13637718; 199703228 AB - Concern about trihalomethanes and other chlorinated disinfection byproducts in chlorinated drinking water has led to alternative disinfection methods being researched, particularly for small systems of less than 3300 people. Titanium oxide photocatalysis in combination with ultrafiltration was investigated as an alternative treatment. Organic disinfection byproducts formed by this method were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. One organic disinfection byproduct was produced, tentatively identified as 3-methyl-2,4-hexanedione. When chlorine was used with titanium oxide treatment several chlorinated and brominated DBP were found but the number and concentration was lower than when chlorine was used as the sole disinfectant. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Richardson, S D AU - Thruston, AD AU - Collette, T W AU - Patterson, K S AU - Lykins, B W AU - Ireland, J C AD - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 3327 EP - 3334 VL - 30 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13637718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+titanium+oxide%2FUV+disinfection+byproducts+in+drinking+water&rft.au=Richardson%2C+S+D%3BThruston%2C+AD%3BCollette%2C+T+W%3BPatterson%2C+K+S%3BLykins%2C+B+W%3BIreland%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urban wet-weather flows AN - 13637694; 199701036 AB - A review of literature published in 1995 on urban wet-weather flows (combined sewer overflows, sanitary sewer overflows, and stormwater discharges) is presented. The sources of urban wet-weather flows and their impacts on receiving water are considered. Articles relating to the management of wet-weather flows using computer models, e.g. SWMM, MOSQITO, FLUPOL, LTSM, MOUSE, are reviewed. The watershed approach to wet-weather flow management is considered. Policy documents published by the U.S. EPA Office of Water are reviewed. Techniques for the control of wet-weather flows based on land management, drainage systems and storage and treatment are reviewed. There are 128 references. JF - Water Environment Research AU - Field, R AU - Deguida, R N AU - Fan, CY AU - Hsu, K F AU - O'Connor, T P AD - U.S. EPA, Edison, N.J. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 423 EP - 430 VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 0161-4303, 0161-4303 KW - Mosqito KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13637694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+Research&rft.atitle=Urban+wet-weather+flows&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BDeguida%2C+R+N%3BFan%2C+CY%3BHsu%2C+K+F%3BO%27Connor%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+Research&rft.issn=01614303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental assessment for wastewater reclamation and reuse projects AN - 13637416; 199701148 AB - Environmental reviews and assessments incorporating environmental matters into the planning of water reuse schemes are described. The procedural and substantive provisions of environmental laws in the U.S.A. generally and in California specifically, namely the National Environmental Policy Act and the Californian Environmental Quality Act, are discussed. Aspects covered include: the types of environmental impact statement (EIS) or environmental impact report (EIR); the notice of intent; the scope of the EIS; the draft and final EIS or EIR; statement of purpose and need; impacts, including those on archaeological and historic resources; mitigation and economic and social effects. Two case studies illustrate the methods. It was essential for the procedures to start early enough in the planning to allow environmental factors to influence project design but late enough for useful information to be available for writing the EIS. It was important to note that an EIR or EIS took about a year to produce. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Kontos, N AU - Asano, T AD - California State Water Resources Control Board Office of Water Recycling, Sacramento Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 473 EP - 486 VL - 33 IS - 10/11 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Notice KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13637416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Environmental+assessment+for+wastewater+reclamation+and+reuse+projects&rft.au=Kontos%2C+N%3BAsano%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kontos&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=10%2F11&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrolysis and biodegradation of sulphonylurea herbicides in aqueous buffers and anaerobic water-sediment systems: assessing fate pathways using molecular descriptors AN - 13637097; 199702227 AB - The degradation of 12 sulphonylurea herbicides was investigated in buffers at different pH values and in anaerobic sediments. The herbicides were amidosulphuron, bensulphuron-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorsulphuron, ethametsulphuron-methyl, metsulphuron-methyl, nicosulphuron, primisulfuron-methyl, sulphometuron-methyl, thiphensulphuron-methyl, triasulphuron and tribenuron-methyl. The hydrolysis rate constants were determined. The cleavage of the sulphonylurea bridge was the most common bond- breaking pathway for sulphonylurea herbicides. It was observed for 6 compounds by the formation of saccharin. Different hydrolysis processes occurred under acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions. Degradation pathways and reaction rate constants were assessed with molecular descriptors. Chemical reactivities of sulphonylurea herbicides in sediments and aqueous buffers could be estimated using molecular descriptors. Quantitative structure-reactivity relationships showed a linear relationship between the reaction rates in sediments and the calculated octanol/water partition coefficient, the molecular volume and the atomic charge at the principal reactive site of the molecules. There are 36 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Berger, B M AU - Wolfe, N L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1500 EP - 1507 VL - 15 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Atomic KW - Chlorimuron-ethyl KW - Saccharin KW - Tribenuron-methyl KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13637097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Hydrolysis+and+biodegradation+of+sulphonylurea+herbicides+in+aqueous+buffers+and+anaerobic+water-sediment+systems%3A+assessing+fate+pathways+using+molecular+descriptors&rft.au=Berger%2C+B+M%3BWolfe%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Watershed Protection Approach AN - 13636891; 199605513 AB - The U.S. EPA's approach to catchment protection is outlined. The evolutionary nature of the Watershed Protection Approach (WPA) is explained. The reasons for the EPA's endorsement are set out including recognition of past gains and losses, emerging definitions of water quality, a previous focus on individual legal requirements, multimedia problems, and increased need for co-ordination. The 4 key principles defining WPA, namely an integrated scientific approach focused on a specific geographical area, stakeholder involvement, integrated actions, and evaluation, are discussed. Experience to date and implementation issues are explored. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Brady, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Chicago, Ill. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 17 EP - 21 VL - 33 IS - 4/5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Filter media (see also packing, groups below) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13636891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=The+Watershed+Protection+Approach&rft.au=Brady%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4%2F5&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Swirl technology: enhancement of design, evaluation, and application AN - 13636498; 199701323 AB - Applications of swirl and vortex technologies are considered. The major functions of these technologies were flow regulation and settleable-solids concentration for combined sewer overflows. The performance of all varieties of swirl devices depended on the settling characteristics of the suspended solids and the fraction of dissolved solids in the storm flow. Reliable evaluation of swirl technology performance depended principally on accurate sampling techniques, analyses of suspended solids and other pollutants, and determinations of velocity distribution for influent and effluent. Improved design, evaluation and application practices for the use of swirl and vortex technologies were considered. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Field, R AU - O'Connor, T P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 741 EP - 748 VL - 122 IS - 8 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Analysis KW - Equipment KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13636498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Swirl+technology%3A+enhancement+of+design%2C+evaluation%2C+and+application&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BO%27Connor%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wastewater recycling and environmental constraints at a base metal mine and process facilities AN - 13636260; 199701338 AB - Recycling of water at a facility which mined and prepared sphalerite and galena ores was planned from the mine's initial development in the 1970s. Water was used in the last stages of grinding, for flotation and for concentration. Tailings and wastewater were transferred to a tailings pond which was eventually expanded to 18 Mm3 with 30-50 d retention. Settled water from the pond was mixed with mine water and passed through 2 reclaim water ponds in series. A proportion of the polished water was returned to the processes and the remainder discharged to river after further polishing in another pond. Effluent quality was satisfactory. In 1993, 8500 tonnes per d of ore were milled using 4 m3 per tonne water; this was a saving of 33 per cent on planned use. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - O'Leary, W AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Dublin Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 371 EP - 379 VL - 33 IS - 10/11 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Lead sulphide KW - Zinc sulphides KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13636260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Wastewater+recycling+and+environmental+constraints+at+a+base+metal+mine+and+process+facilities&rft.au=O%27Leary%2C+W&rft.aulast=O%27Leary&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=10%2F11&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of metal/acid-volatile sulphide relationships in the prediction of metal bioaccumulation by benthic macroinvertebrates AN - 13635651; 199703474 AB - The literature on metal bioaccumulation relating the sediment metal:acid-volatile sulphide (AVS) concentration ratio (R) is reviewed to examine the theory that AVS controls metal bioavailability. Twelve studies were evaluated which included 10 d laboratory experiments with metal-treated or field sediments containing several metals and field studies over 1 year with sediments treated with cadmium or zinc. Test organisms included molluscs (Helisoma sp.), oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus) polychaetes (Neanthes arenaceodentata), amphipods (Hyalella azteca) and midges (Chironomus tentans). Most of the studies indicated that metal accumulation was reduced when R values were below 1. Some exceptions were noted, 2 of which occurred in short-term laboratory experiments with cadmium- or nickel-treated sediments. In these, a linear accumulation of metals with increasing sediment metal concentrations was observed irrespective of the R value. More research was needed to assess the role of animal behaviour, to develop integrated models that considered exposure from sediments and overlying water and to take into account the consumption of contaminated benthos by higher predators. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2138 EP - 2146 VL - 15 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Helisoma KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13635651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+metal%2Facid-volatile+sulphide+relationships+in+the+prediction+of+metal+bioaccumulation+by+benthic+macroinvertebrates&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental analysis by ab initio quantum mechanical computation and gas chromatography/Fourier Transform infrared spectrometry AN - 13635422; 199703778 AB - Seven tetrachlorobutadiene (TCBD) isomers were identified in a contaminated sediment sample using computational chemistry, in conjunction with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (GC/MS/FT-IR). Gaussian quantum chemistry software was used for computation of the TCBD IR spectra. Because of the unavailability of authentic TCBD retention time standards for chromatographic confirmation of GC-MS data, these chlorinated butadiene isomers could not be identified using the U.S. EPA's screening procedures for bioconcentratable organic chemicals in effluents and sediments. The Hartree-Fock/6-31G level of theory was used, with IR frequencies scaled by a standard factor of 0.89. This approach could be used for characterizing or confirming environmental analyte identifications in the absence of available spectra. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Gurka, D F AU - Titus, R AU - Robins, K AU - Wong, A AU - Wurrey, C J AU - Durig, J R AU - Shen, Z AU - Burkhard, L P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 4221 EP - 4227 VL - 68 IS - 23 KW - Fourier KW - Analysis KW - Quantum KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13635422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Environmental+analysis+by+ab+initio+quantum+mechanical+computation+and+gas+chromatography%2FFourier+Transform+infrared+spectrometry&rft.au=Gurka%2C+D+F%3BTitus%2C+R%3BRobins%2C+K%3BWong%2C+A%3BWurrey%2C+C+J%3BDurig%2C+J+R%3BShen%2C+Z%3BBurkhard%2C+L+P&rft.aulast=Gurka&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=4221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of groundwater samples from Superfund sites by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry AN - 13635194; 199703772 AB - Groundwater samples from 2 Superfund sites in the U.S.A., were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), particle beam liquid chromatography-MS (PB-LC-MS) and thermospray LC-MS (TS-LC-MS) to improve the identification and analysis of polar organic compounds. GC-MS was carried out using a nitroterephthalic acid-modified polyethylene glycol phase column. Up to 84 major chromatographic peaks were observed in methylene chloride sample extracts from the 2 sites. Of these, approximately 80 per cent were identified. The majority were carboxylic acids, alcohols, ketones or alkylbenzenes. PB-LC-MS was capable of identifying components in addition to those identified by GC-MS. TSP-LC-MS detected many compounds. Tentative identifications were limited to those for which standards were available. Negative-ion TSP was more sensitive for the detection of acidic compounds than positive ion TSP. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Betowski, L D AU - Kendall, D S AU - Pace, C M AU - Donnelly, J R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 3558 EP - 3564 VL - 30 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Superfund KW - Analysis KW - Columns KW - Methylene chloride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13635194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+groundwater+samples+from+Superfund+sites+by+gas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry+and+liquid+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry&rft.au=Betowski%2C+L+D%3BKendall%2C+D+S%3BPace%2C+C+M%3BDonnelly%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Betowski&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3558&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic determination in saline waters utilizing a tubular membrane as a gas-liquid separator for hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry AN - 13634947; 199700761 AB - As part of a combined hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (HG-ICP-MS) method for the determination of arsenic in saline waters, a silicone rubber tubular membrane was used as a gas-liquid separator. The membrane-based HG system was optimized, for sodium borohydride and hydrochloric acid concentrations and for signal stability rather than absolute sensitivity. Potassium iodide and potassium iodide-ascorbic acid were evaluated as pre-reducing agents for arsenic(V) in seawater samples. The potassium iodide-ascorbic acid treatment produced a similar response for arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) independent of the matrix. Samples treated with potassium iodide-ascorbic acid could be stored for 21 days without significant response changes. An arsenic detection limit of 92 pg was obtained. The system was validated by analysing 2 reference materials, NASS-4 and SLEW-2, results obtained were within 95 per cent confidence limits. Precision and recovery data were collected using 3 Pacific north-west estuarine samples and gave recoveries of 99-104 per cent with relative standard deviations between 3-9 per cent. JF - Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry AU - Creed, J T AU - Magnuson, M L AU - Brockhoff, CA AU - Chamberlain, I AU - Sivaganesan, M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 505 EP - 509 VL - 11 IS - 7 SN - 0267-9477, 0267-9477 KW - Analysis KW - Potassium iodide KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Sodium borohydride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13634947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Analytical+Atomic+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Arsenic+determination+in+saline+waters+utilizing+a+tubular+membrane+as+a+gas-liquid+separator+for+hydride+generation+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Creed%2C+J+T%3BMagnuson%2C+M+L%3BBrockhoff%2C+CA%3BChamberlain%2C+I%3BSivaganesan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Creed&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=505&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Analytical+Atomic+Spectrometry&rft.issn=02679477&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of DNA damage in individual cells from marine organisms using the single cell gel assay AN - 13633654; 199702479 AB - Flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) blood cells exposed in-vitro to varying concentrations of known DNA strand breaking agents were assayed using a single cell gel (SCG) method after alkaline electrophonesis, which showed a dose response effect. Blood,liver or intestinal cells from flounder exposed in vivo to benzo(a)pyrene in food or sediment for 30 d were assayed by SCG. There were wide inter-individual differences and a significant effect was only seen in the gut cells of fish exposed through food. Haemolymph cells were assayed by oysters (Crassostrea virginica) exposed to various combinations of genotoxic substances, SCG before and during exposure and after 25 d recovery. There was a significant increase in mean nuclear 'tail' length after 53 d exposure to a benzo(a)pyrene/benzanthracene combination but no significant difference from control after recovery. This technique might be useful for monitoring pollution mediated health effects. There are 36 references. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Nacci, DE AU - Cayula, S AU - Jackim, E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 197 EP - 210 VL - 35 IS - 3/4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Pleuronectes americanus KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Pyrene KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13633654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Detection+of+DNA+damage+in+individual+cells+from+marine+organisms+using+the+single+cell+gel+assay&rft.au=Nacci%2C+DE%3BCayula%2C+S%3BJackim%2C+E&rft.aulast=Nacci&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of nonplanar and coplanar PCB congener partitioning in seawater and bioaccumulation in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) AN - 13632848; 199702492 AB - The partitioning of 18 non-planar and 3 co-planar PCB congeners was examined in New Bedford Harbour, Mass., U.S.A. Dissolved and particulate non-planar and co-planar PCB concentrations were measured to determine partition coefficients (Kp) under field conditions. Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) were placed in the harbour for 7 or 28 d to determine bioconcentration factors (BCF) for the PCB congeners. The Kp values were compared with reported octanol/water partition coefficients (Kow). Co-planar and non-planar PCB congeners exhibited the same relationship between Kp and measured Kow. Co-planar congeners achieved steady state faster than non-planar PCB congeners in the same homologue group. After 28 d, both classes were being accumulated similarly, based on the comparable relationship between BCF and Kow. Quantification of selected non-planar PCB congeners in seawater and blue mussels might be adequate for routine marine monitoring. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Bergen, B J AU - Nelson, W G AU - Pruell, R J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1517 EP - 1523 VL - 15 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Congener KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13632848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+nonplanar+and+coplanar+PCB+congener+partitioning+in+seawater+and+bioaccumulation+in+blue+mussels+%28Mytilus+edulis%29&rft.au=Bergen%2C+B+J%3BNelson%2C+W+G%3BPruell%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Bergen&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mixing in distribution system storage tanks: its effects on water quality AN - 13632767; 199701570 AB - Due to the lack of knowledge concerning the effect of storage tanks and reservoirs of a water distribution system on the stored water quality, the residence period and the use of compartment models to describe mixing conditions in tanks was examined. Storage tanks and reservoirs might support complex chemical and biological changes that could cause water quality deterioration. Various tank mixing models are discussed, and include 1-, 2- and 3-compartment models for inflow/outflow and flow-through tank models. Data from various field studies at tank sites was used to validate the models, and the need for further research into the effect of operating conditions on mixing in tanks, the geometrical configuration and design of tanks, and the general application of the multi-compartment model parameters to other operating conditions, is stressed. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Clark, R M AU - Abdesaken, F AU - Boulos, P F AU - Mau, R E AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinatti, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 814 EP - 821 VL - 122 IS - 9 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Stress KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13632767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Mixing+in+distribution+system+storage+tanks%3A+its+effects+on+water+quality&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BAbdesaken%2C+F%3BBoulos%2C+P+F%3BMau%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=814&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - STORET - a good place for ground water data AN - 13632458; 199704759 AB - Modernization of the STORET, BIOS and ODES monitoring and information systems of the U.S. EPA Office of Water is reported. The new system, STORET X, was designed to include all elements identified in the U.S. EPA data requirements for ground water quality. The minimal set of data elements and sources of information required are discussed. The system includes 5 primary areas: organizations, projects and surveys, site location and description, water quality monitoring activities and result records. STORET X would be implemented in 1997 after regional testing. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Manning, L AU - King, R AU - Heisler, R AD - U.S. EPA Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 45 EP - 48 VL - 16 IS - 4 KW - Bios KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13632458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=STORET+-+a+good+place+for+ground+water+data&rft.au=Manning%2C+L%3BKing%2C+R%3BHeisler%2C+R&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Models of the Chesapeake bay AN - 13630435; 199705587 AB - The Chesapeake bay Programme was a voluntary partnership between various authorities created in 1983 to restore the bay's deteriorating water quality. Using multi-media analysis, information from watershed, airshed and estuary models were integrated to form an understanding of the pollution problem and provide information on the progress toward nutrient reduction 'caps'. JF - Sea Technology AU - Linker, L AD - U.S. EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Md. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 49 EP - 53,55 VL - 37 IS - 9 SN - 0093-3651, 0093-3651 KW - Analysis KW - Caps KW - Filter media (see also packing, groups below) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13630435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sea+Technology&rft.atitle=Models+of+the+Chesapeake+bay&rft.au=Linker%2C+L&rft.aulast=Linker&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sea+Technology&rft.issn=00933651&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of low dissolved oxygen on aquatic life stages of the caddisfly Clistoronia magnifica (Limnephilidae) AN - 13628890; 199704977 AB - The effects of exposure to concentrations of 0.9-8.3 mg dissolved oxygen per litre for 4-88 d on embryos, larval stages (instars I-V), pupal stages and pharate adults of the caddisfly (Clistoronia magnifica) were investigated. The EC50 values ranged from 1.3 mg dissolved oxygen per litre for instar IV to 2 mg dissolved oxygen per litre for instars I. C. magnifica could tolerate low dissolved oxygen for short periods but concentrations below 5 mg dissolved oxygen per litre caused reduced egg hatch and moulting success and delays in larval development, time of moulting, pupation and adult emergence. Mortality and moulting data were used to calculate effect and no-effect thresholds of 1.6 and 2.4 mg per litre, respectively. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Onjukka, ST AU - Stevens, D G AU - Chapman, G A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 453 EP - 458 VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Clistoronia magnifica KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13628890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+low+dissolved+oxygen+on+aquatic+life+stages+of+the+caddisfly+Clistoronia+magnifica+%28Limnephilidae%29&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BOnjukka%2C+ST%3BStevens%2C+D+G%3BChapman%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional deposition of gases and particles in the lung: implications for mixtures. AN - 77824477; 8571369 AB - Considerations of the health effects of pollutant mixtures usually focus on the interactions of biochemically-induced events. For example, the effect of metabolic enzyme induction by one pollutant on the subsequent effect of another pollutant is often considered. Another important aspect of mixture interactions is the modulating effects exposure to one pollutant can have on the dosimetry of another pollutant and, indirectly, on the effects of the other pollutant. Dose-modulating effects may be particularly important when considering effects of inhaled mixtures on the lung. In this paper, the specific case of O3-induced changes on the human lung and the resulting effects on inhaled particle dose are considered as a specific example. Ozone has multiple effects on the lung ranging from alterations in pulmonary function to effects on lung defense mechanisms such as mucociliary transport of particles, and alveolar macrophage engulfment and translocation. To better understand how the O3-induced changes can affect particle dosimetry, the basic concepts of particle dosimetry are considered first. Then the specific O3-induced effects on the human lung are considered in the context of the factors governing inhaled particle dose. JF - Toxicology AU - Gerrity, T R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 327 EP - 334 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77824477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Regional+deposition+of+gases+and+particles+in+the+lung%3A+implications+for+mixtures.&rft.au=Gerrity%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Gerrity&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of toxic equivalency factors for risk assessment for dioxins and related compounds. AN - 77814703; 8571375 AB - TCDD is the most toxic member of a class of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons that are structurally related, have a similar mechanism of action, and cause the same spectrum of responses. Because of the need to assess the risk from complex mixtures of these chemicals, the international community has adopted an interim approach that assigns relative potency factors to this family of chemicals, based on a comparison with the potency of TCDD. Each chemical that fits the criteria for this class is assigned a toxic equivalency factor, TEF, which is some fraction of that of TCDD. The total toxic equivalency of a mixture, TEQ, is the sum of the weighted potency of each compound in the mixture. Although there may be some variability between different responses in the determination of a TEF value for a compound, endpoint-specific TEFs are usually very similar. There may also be some species differences in TEFs. Again, if pharmacokinetic factors are taken into account, they are usually relatively minor. TEFs based on intake values may also exhibit some differences when compared to those based on target tissue concentrations. Using scientific judgment and a broad data base, interim TEF values have been recommended for PCDDs, PCDFs, and dioxin-like PCBs. Using such values, the TEF approach has been successful at predicting the toxicity of real world mixtures. Ongoing studies from our laboratory have validated the approach for synthetic mixtures that approximate congener ratios found in food samples. Whether non-additive interactions occur with nondioxin-like compounds found in environmentally relevant concentrations remain to be determined. JF - Toxicology AU - Birnbaum, L S AU - DeVito, M J AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 391 EP - 401 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Dioxins KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Humans KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Risk Assessment KW - Dioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Benzofurans -- pharmacokinetics KW - Soil Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Dioxins -- toxicity KW - Benzofurans -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77814703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+toxic+equivalency+factors+for+risk+assessment+for+dioxins+and+related+compounds.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S%3BDeVito%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic linkage between DNA adducts, mutations in oncogenes and tumorigenesis of carcinogenic environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in strain A/J mice. AN - 77800517; 8571376 AB - Five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA), 5-methylchyrsene (5MC), and cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP) were examined for their lung tumorigenic activities in strain A/J mice, their ability to form PAH-DNA adducts in lung tissues, and their ability to mutate the Ki-ras oncogene in PAH-induced tumors. PAHs dissolved in tricapyrlin were administered by single intraperitoneal injection to male strain A/J mice (20 mice/dose) at doses up to 200 mg/kg depending on the PAH. Animals were sacrificed 8 months later and the lungs removed, fixed, and surface adenomas enumerated. DBA produced maximal tumor multiplicity at the highest dose, 10 mg/kg, giving 32.2 lung adenomas per mouse. At 100 mg/kg, B[a]P, B[b]F, 5MC, and CPP gave 12.8, 5.3, 93.1, and 32.2 lung adenomas per mouse, respectively. The dose response data for each PAH was fit to y = 0.6 + bx1.6, where y is the observed mean lung adenomas per mouse at dose x (in mg/kg), 0.6 is the observed background of lung adenomas per mouse, and b is the fitted constant representing the potency of each PAH. Statistical analysis indicated that the fit of the data to the equation was extremely high with adjusted R2 values > 0.985 and small fit standard errors. Based on this equation, the relative potencies of B[b]F, DBA, 5MC, and CPP compared to B[a]P were PAH (relative activity): DBA (118); 5MC (8.8); CPP (2.9); B[a]P (1.0); B[b]F (0.43). DNA adducts were measured by 32P-postlabeling techniques on DNA from lungs of mice treated with these PAHs. Adducts identified by cochromatography with standards were: from B[a]P, 7R,8S,9S-trihydroxy-10R-(N2-2'-deoxyguanosyl)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro- B[a]P, and two adducts resulting from the metabolic activation of 9-hydroxy-B[a]P and trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydro-B[a]P; from B[b]F, 5-hydroxy-B[b]F-9,10-diol-11,12-oxide-2'-deoxyguanosine; from DBA, three adducts from the metabolic activation of trans,trans-3,4,10,11-tetrahydroxy-3,4,10,11-tetrahydro-DBA and two anti-DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide-N2-[2'-deoxyguanosine] adducts; from 5MC, 1R,2S,3S-trihydroxy-4-(N2-2'-deoxyguanosyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro- 5MC; from CPP, four CPP-3,4-oxide-2'-deoxyguanosine adducts. Ki-ras codon 12 mutation analysis of PAH-induced tumors was performed using PCR and dideoxy sequencing methods. Mutations from lung tumors from tricaprylin-treated mice were GGT-->GAT, GGT-->CGT, and GGT-->GTT. DBA produced no mutations in Ki-ras codon 12 above spontaneous levels. High proportions (> or = 50%) of GGT-->TGT mutations from B[a]P, B[b]F and 5MC induced tumors and GGT-->CGT mutations from CPP tumors were observed and were statistically significant compared to mutations in tricaprylin control tumors. We conclude from the DNA adduct and Ki-ras mutation studies that bay region diol-epoxide-2'-deoxyguanosine PAH-DNA adducts are associated with the GGT-->TGT mutations, and cyclopenta-ring oxide-2'-deoxyguanosine adducts associated with the GGT-->CGT mutations. JF - Toxicology AU - Nesnow, S AU - Ross, J A AU - Stoner, G D AU - Mass, M J AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch (MD-68), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 403 EP - 413 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutation -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Mice, Inbred A KW - Base Sequence KW - Biotransformation KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Adenoma -- genetics KW - Adenoma -- pathology KW - Male KW - Lung Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - DNA Adducts -- biosynthesis KW - Genes, ras -- genetics KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- pharmacokinetics KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77800517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+linkage+between+DNA+adducts%2C+mutations+in+oncogenes+and+tumorigenesis+of+carcinogenic+environmental+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+strain+A%2FJ+mice.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J+A%3BStoner%2C+G+D%3BMass%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical mixtures: challenge for toxicology and risk assessment. AN - 77800479; 8571350 AB - It is now well-recognized that human environmental exposures are not to single chemicals. Rather, humans are exposed, either concurrently or sequentially, to multiple chemicals. Challenges that chemical mixtures pose for risk assessment and toxicology are presented. Challenge areas include increasing the peer-reviewed publication of human studies, improving access to peer-reviewed data and examining multiple target organs. Two difficult challenges are development of a common, consistent language and the use of appropriate and innovative experimental designs and analyses. The challenge of elucidation of mechanism(s) offers a rational basis for extrapolation across dose levels, exposure durations and exposure routes as well as to other species and to other similar chemicals. Of particular importance is focusing effort on those areas of investigation where answers have the greatest potential for reducing uncertainty in risk assessments for chemical mixtures and on those chemical mixtures and multiple chemical exposures that have the greatest potential impact on human health. A particularly fruitful area for future investigation is determination of the likelihood of nonadditive interactions in humans exposed to multiple chemicals at environmental exposure levels. JF - Toxicology AU - Simmons, J E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 111 EP - 119 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Xenobiotics KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Peer Review, Research KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Drug Interactions KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Research Design KW - Male KW - Risk Assessment KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Xenobiotics -- adverse effects KW - Xenobiotics -- toxicity KW - Toxicology KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77800479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Chemical+mixtures%3A+challenge+for+toxicology+and+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current and future risk assessment guidelines, policy, and methods development for chemical mixtures. AN - 77800305; 8571352 AB - Humans are typically exposed to low doses of combinations of chemicals rather than to one or two chemicals at a time, yet most of the available toxicity data provide information on single chemicals or binary pairs, rather than on whole mixtures. The use of existing interactions study data for the quantitative risk assessment of chemical mixtures is problematic. These studies generally lack the necessary statistical characterizations to be useful in quantitative risk assessment procedures. The U.S. EPA developed guidelines for risk assessment for chemical mixtures in 1986 and is currently in the process of making revisions. Significant advances have been made in both the theoretical development and application of procedures such as dose addition, response addition, toxicity equivalence factors, comparative potency and interactions data characterizations. Details on the current revisions to the guidelines are given, along with information on the research efforts that have influenced these revisions or that represent future directions in chemical mixtures risk assessment. JF - Toxicology AU - Teuschler, L K AU - Hertzberg, R C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 137 EP - 144 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Xenobiotics KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Drug Interactions KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Hazardous Waste -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Statistics as Topic KW - Research Design KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Xenobiotics -- adverse effects KW - Public Policy KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77800305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Current+and+future+risk+assessment+guidelines%2C+policy%2C+and+methods+development+for+chemical+mixtures.&rft.au=Teuschler%2C+L+K%3BHertzberg%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Teuschler&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review of the interaction between TCDD and glucocorticoids in embryonic palate. AN - 77800280; 8571373 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental contaminant that produces adverse biological effects including developmental toxicity and teratogenesis. In the mouse embryo, TCDD induces cleft palate and hydronephrosis. The synthetic glucocorticoid, hydrocortisone (HC), induces cleft palate and a potent, synergistic interaction has been observed between TCDD and HC in C57BL/6N embryonic mice. The morphology and etiology of TCDD- and HC-induced clefts are distinctly different with formation of small palatal shelves following HC exposure and failure of normally-sized shelves to fuse after TCDD treatment. Each exposure also alters expression of several growth factors. When EGF, TGF alpha, EGF receptor, and the TGF beta's are considered as a combinatorial, interacting set of regulators, TCDD and HC each produce a unique pattern of increased and/or decreased expression across the set. The interaction of HC and TCDD results in a cleft palate whose etiology most closely resembles that observed after HC exposure, i.e. small palatal shelves. HC+TCDD-exposure also produces a pattern of growth factor expression which closely resembles that seen after HC. Both TCDD and HC act through receptor-mediated mechanisms and each compound has its own receptor. The Ah receptor (AhR) binds TCDD and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binds HC. On gestation day (GD) 14, in the embryonic palate exposed to TCDD, the AhR was downregulated and the GR expression increased. Conversely, following HC exposure, the GR was downregulated and AhR levels were elevated. HC+TCDD produced increased expression of both receptors and this pattern would be predicted to produce HC-like clefts as the GR-mediated responses would result in small palatal shelves. The observed cross-regulation of the receptors is believed to be important in the synergistic interaction between TCDD and HC for the induction of cleft palate. JF - Toxicology AU - Abbott, B D AD - Developmental Toxicology Division (MD-67), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 365 EP - 373 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Glucocorticoids KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - Epidermal Growth Factor KW - 62229-50-9 KW - Transforming Growth Factors KW - 76057-06-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- biosynthesis KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Drug Synergism KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- metabolism KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- biosynthesis KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Cleft Palate -- chemically induced KW - Palate -- drug effects KW - Glucocorticoids -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77800280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Review+of+the+interaction+between+TCDD+and+glucocorticoids+in+embryonic+palate.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotransfer and bioaccumulation of dioxins and furans from soil: chickens as a model for foraging animals. AN - 77786514; 8578308 AB - Chickens were used as a model for foraging animals to examine the bioavailability of all 2,3,7,8-substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDFs) from soil. Three groups of chickens were exposed through their diet to soil contaminated with PCDD/PCDFs at less than 0.5 pg/g I-TEQ (control group), 42 pg/g I-TEQ (low exposure group), and 460 pg/g I-TEQs (high exposure group). Eggs, tissues, feces and feed were analysed throughout the exposure and depuration period. Daily intake was estimated at 2.5 ng/kg-day for the high and 0.3 ng/kg-day for the low exposure groups. Bioavailability was chlorination-dependent ranging from 80% for tetrachlorinated to less than 10% for octachlorinated congeners. During exposure, tissue distribution was congener-dependent with 5-30% of the intake excreted in the eggs, 7-54% deposited in the adipose and less than 1% present in the liver. On a fat weight basis, the highest concentrations were observed in the liver, implying that mechanisms other than lipid solubility operate in that tissue. Bioconcentration factors and elimination half-lives were also congener- and tissue-dependent. Results from this study indicate that animals foraging on soil contaminated at low ppt PCDD/PCDF levels may bioaccumulate these compounds to unacceptable levels. JF - The Science of the total environment AU - Stephens, R D AU - Petreas, M X AU - Hayward, D G AD - Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/15/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 15 SP - 253 EP - 273 VL - 175 IS - 3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chickens KW - Solubility KW - Biotransformation KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Lipid Metabolism KW - Eggs KW - Biological Availability KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzofurans -- pharmacokinetics KW - Soil Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77786514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.atitle=Biotransfer+and+bioaccumulation+of+dioxins+and+furans+from+soil%3A+chickens+as+a+model+for+foraging+animals.&rft.au=Stephens%2C+R+D%3BPetreas%2C+M+X%3BHayward%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Stephens&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-12-15&rft.volume=175&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-12 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overt orienting in the rat: parametric studies of cued detection of visual targets. AN - 77876801; 8748960 AB - Covert shifts of visual attention in space have been quantified by measuring the effects of visual cues on the detection of visual targets in humans and monkeys maintaining visual fixation. These observations of "covert orienting" have provided important information regarding the neurobiology of visual attention in primates. This article describes a cued spatial target detection task for physically unrestrained rats. Valid cues (spatially contiguous with the target) enhanced target detection, and invalid cues (spatially discontiguous with the target) degraded target detection. Both visual and auditory cues were effective. These validity effects could not be explained by stimulus additivity or response preparation mechanisms, whereas a cue-independent "alerting effect" appeared to reflect response preparation. The effects compare favorably with primate work and suggest that this method may enable assessment of visual attention shifts in rats. JF - Behavioral neuroscience AU - Bushnell, P J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. bushnell@herl145.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1095 EP - 1105 VL - 109 IS - 6 SN - 0735-7044, 0735-7044 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Motivation KW - Association Learning KW - Cues KW - Mental Recall KW - Male KW - Auditory Perception KW - Orientation KW - Arousal KW - Appetitive Behavior KW - Attention KW - Visual Perception UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77876801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Behavioral+neuroscience&rft.atitle=Overt+orienting+in+the+rat%3A+parametric+studies+of+cued+detection+of+visual+targets.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1095&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Behavioral+neuroscience&rft.issn=07357044&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental effects of dioxins and related endocrine disrupting chemicals. AN - 77838186; 8597137 AB - Alteration of hormones has long been known to affect development. TCDD and related PHAHs modulate the levels of many hormonal systems. Dioxins cause a spectrum of morphological and functional developmental deficits. Fetotoxicity, thymic atrophy, and structural malformations are often noted. Delayed genitourinary tract effects have been observed, and recent studies reported behavioral effects. Highly exposed human offspring have exhibited developmental problems as well. Recently, hormonal and neurological abnormalities have been reported in infants from the general population. The complex alteration of multiple endocrine systems is likely associated with the spectrum of adverse developmental effects caused by dioxin and related compounds. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 743 EP - 750 VL - 82-83 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Humans KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Endocrine Glands -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77838186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Developmental+effects+of+dioxins+and+related+endocrine+disrupting+chemicals.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=82-83&rft.issue=&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-04-15 N1 - Date created - 1996-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The application of benchmark dose methodology to data from prenatal developmental toxicity studies. AN - 77831927; 8597108 AB - The benchmark dose (BMD) concept was applied to 246 prenatal-developmental toxicity (DT) datasets from government, industry and commercial laboratories. Five modeling approaches were used, 2 generic and 3 specific to DT models. BMDs for both quantal and continuous data were compared with statistically derived no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) to determine similarities. Quantal (Q) endpoints included litter responses (e.g., one or more dead or malformed implants), and QBMDs were calculated using a Q Weibull (QW) model. Two types of continuous (C) data were modeled, the proportion of implants affected per litter, and the change in fetal weight (both mean and distribution); continuous power (CP) and DT models were used to calculate CBMDs. QBMDs for a 5% change in response (QBMD05) were 6-fold lower, on average, than the corresponding NOAEL. CBMD05s on average were similar to the corresponding NOAELs, and CBMD05s from different models were similar to each other. Including litter size but not threshold improved the fit of the DT models. For fetal weight data, specific cutoff values were used to calculate BMDs that were similar on average to the corresponding NOAELs: (1) changes from the control mean (5% of the mean, 25th percentile of the control distribution, or a decrease of 0.5 standard deviation), and (2) a 5 or 10% decrease in the proportion of fetuses below the 5th or 10th percentile, respectively, of the control distribution. These results support the use of BMDs as providing a more consistent basis for risk assessment than do NOAELs. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Kimmel, C A AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Allen, B C AU - Faustman, E M AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment (8602), US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 549 EP - 554 VL - 82-83 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Pregnancy KW - Fetus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77831927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=The+application+of+benchmark+dose+methodology+to+data+from+prenatal+developmental+toxicity+studies.&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+C+A%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BAllen%2C+B+C%3BFaustman%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=82-83&rft.issue=&rft.spage=549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-04-15 N1 - Date created - 1996-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human exposure and dosimetry of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine from Xuan Wei, China with high lung cancer mortality associated with exposure to unvented coal smoke. AN - 77794442; 8603481 AB - The lung cancer mortality rate in Xuan Wei (XW) county, China, is 5-fold the national average of China; the rate for women is the highest in China. Xuan Wei residents have been exposed to unvented coal or wood smoke during cooking or heating in homes. This study investigated indoor air exposure and dosimetry of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in XW residents using smoky coal. Indoor air particles collected during cooking in four XW homes using smoky coal were analyzed for PAHs by GC/MS. Urine samples from 16 XW non-smoking women and six XW smoking men, eight Kunming non-smoking controls and four non-smoking Chinese American controls were analyzed for PAHs and hydroxy-PAHs by GC/MS. The results showed that XW residents were exposed to PAHs at occupational levels. The potent carcinogen, dibenzo[a,l] pyrene (4.9 +/- 1.3 micrograms/m3) was found in the indoor air of the XW homes. The levels of urinary hydroxy-PAH were higher than those of the parent compounds in most subjects, indicating that most PAHs were metabolized. In urine, the mean levels of 9-hydroxy BaP (BaP) and BaP are 1.5 +/- 0.5 mumol/mol creatinine and 0.5 +/- 0.3 microns/mol for XW men, 1.9 +/- 0.9 microns/mol and 0.5 +/- 0.3 microns/mol for XW women. In general, the levels of PAH metabolites in urine were higher in the XW residents than in Kunming and Chinese American controls; however only the concentrations of 9-hydroxy BaP in XW women showed statistically significant difference from the Kunming controls (P < 0.05 by ranking test). The mean levels of 3 methylated-PAHs analyzed were 4.8-fold higher than that of the parent PAHs in XW subjects. This is consistent with previous findings that alkylated PAHs are the major mutagens in the XW indoor air and may be etiologically important in XW lung cancer. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Mumford, J L AU - Li, X AU - Hu, F AU - Lu, X B AU - Chuang, J C AD - US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 3031 EP - 3036 VL - 16 IS - 12 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Coal KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Smoke KW - Cotinine KW - K5161X06LL KW - Index Medicus KW - Cotinine -- urine KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Humans KW - China -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- urine KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Lung Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- urine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77794442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Human+exposure+and+dosimetry+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+urine+from+Xuan+Wei%2C+China+with+high+lung+cancer+mortality+associated+with+exposure+to+unvented+coal+smoke.&rft.au=Mumford%2C+J+L%3BLi%2C+X%3BHu%2C+F%3BLu%2C+X+B%3BChuang%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Mumford&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3031&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neuropeptide modulation of chemically induced skin irritation. AN - 77775234; 8545836 AB - This study addresses the hypothesis that the early symptoms of chemically induced skin irritation are neurally mediated. Several approaches were used to affect nerve transmission in adult Balb/c female mice. These included general anesthesia (i.e., sodium pentobarbital), systemic capsaicin treatment, and pretreatment with specific pharmacological antagonists of the neuropeptides substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA). After these treatments, a strongly irritating dose of dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was applied to the ear and its swelling was measured over several postexposure times as an index of tissue irritation. Ear swelling in Nembutal (30 mg/kg)-anesthetized mice was depressed 62 and 76% at 4 and 24 hr postexposure compared to DNFB-treated unanesthetized animals measured at the same time points. Multiple injections of capsaicin (cumulative dose 30 mg/kg) depressed DNFB-ear swelling relative to non-capsaicin, DNFB-treated controls by 15, 40 (ip), and 44 and 43% (sc) at 4 and 24 hr postexposure, respectively. In mice exposed to acute or multiple injections of the SP antagonist CP-96,345 before DNFB application, ear swelling was depressed (relative to DNFB-treated animals) by 64 and 36% (acute, sc, 10 mg/kg) and 91 and 88% (multiple, ip, cumulative 35 mg/kg) at 0.5 and 1 hr postexposure, respectively. Mice exposed to the NKA antagonist, SR 48968, alone and in combination with the SP antagonist CP-96,345 were also examined after DNFB application. Ear swelling was diminished in mice pretreated with the NKA antagonist (1.0 mg/kg) by 17, 24, 34, and 40% at 0.5, 1, 4, and 24 hr postexposure. When used in combination with the SP antagonist, DNFB-induced ear swelling was reduced by 95% compared to unantagonized, DNFB-exposed mice at the 0.5- and 1-hr time points and remained significantly depressed by 33 and 46% at 4 and 24 hr postexposure. Taken in concert, these data suggest that neuropeptides, especially the tachykinins SP and NKA, modulate the early stages of chemically induced skin irritation. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Veronesi, B AU - Sailstad, D M AU - Doerfler, D L AU - Selgrade, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 258 EP - 267 VL - 135 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Benzamides KW - 0 KW - Biphenyl Compounds KW - Irritants KW - Neuropeptides KW - Piperidines KW - Substance P KW - 33507-63-0 KW - SR 48968 KW - 720U2QK8I5 KW - Neurokinin A KW - 86933-74-6 KW - Dinitrofluorobenzene KW - D241E059U6 KW - Capsaicin KW - S07O44R1ZM KW - CP 96345 KW - W22ILA2I52 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Administration, Cutaneous KW - Dinitrofluorobenzene -- toxicity KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Synaptic Transmission -- drug effects KW - Skin -- pathology KW - Substance P -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Biphenyl Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Dinitrofluorobenzene -- administration & dosage KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Mice KW - Synaptic Transmission -- physiology KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Capsaicin -- pharmacology KW - Piperidines -- pharmacology KW - Benzamides -- pharmacology KW - Neurokinin A -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Irritants -- toxicity KW - Ear, External KW - Female KW - Neuropeptides -- physiology KW - Dermatitis, Contact -- pathology KW - Dermatitis, Contact -- etiology KW - Neuropeptides -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77775234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Neuropeptide+modulation+of+chemically+induced+skin+irritation.&rft.au=Veronesi%2C+B%3BSailstad%2C+D+M%3BDoerfler%2C+D+L%3BSelgrade%2C+M&rft.aulast=Veronesi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-09 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergistic interaction of glycoalkaloids alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine on developmental toxicity in Xenopus embryos. AN - 77769468; 8846996 AB - The embryo toxicities of two major potato glycoalkaloids, alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine, were examined individually and in mixtures using the frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Xenopus. Calculations of toxic units (TUs) were used to assess possible antagonism, synergism or response addition of several mixtures ranging from approximately 3:1 to 1:20 TUs of alpha-chaconine to alpha-solanine. Some combinations exhibited strong synergism in the following measures of developmental toxicity: (a) 96-hr LC50, defined as the median concentration causing 50% embryo lethality; (b) 96-hr EC50 (malformation), defined as the concentration causing 50% malformation of the surviving embryos; and (c) teratogenic index which is equal to LC50/EC50 (malformation). The results indicated that each of the mixtures caused synergistic mortality or malformation. Furthermore, these studies suggested that the synergism observed for a specific mixture cannot be used to predict possible synergism of other mixtures with different ratios of the two glycoalkaloids; toxicities observed for individual glycoalkaloids may not be able to predict toxicities of mixtures; and specific combinations found in different potato varieties need to be tested to assess the safety of a particular cultivar. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Rayburn, J R AU - Friedman, M AU - Bantle, J A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1013 EP - 1019 VL - 33 IS - 12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Solanine KW - 20562-02-1 KW - alpha-chaconine KW - 20562-03-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Embryonic Development KW - Animals KW - Xenopus -- embryology KW - Survival Rate KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Drug Synergism KW - Solanine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Solanine -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77769468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Synergistic+interaction+of+glycoalkaloids+alpha-chaconine+and+alpha-solanine+on+developmental+toxicity+in+Xenopus+embryos.&rft.au=Rayburn%2C+J+R%3BFriedman%2C+M%3BBantle%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Rayburn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protective effects of glucose-6-phosphate and NADP against alpha-chaconine-induced developmental toxicity in Xenopus embryos. AN - 77766499; 8846997 AB - In previous studies a metabolic activation system (MAS) composed of Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver microsomes led to an apparent reduction of potato glycoalkaloid developmental toxicity in the frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Xenopus (FETAX). The reasons for this reduction were investigated in this study. The effect of the exogenous MAS on glycoalkaloid developmental toxicity was examined in two experiments in which a concentration series of alpha-chaconine was tested with a MAS with and without a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADPH) generator system consisting of NADPH, oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADP), glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. The NADPH generator system and each of its individual components were tested at a single high concentration of alpha-chaconine to evaluate their potential effects on toxicity. The findings indicated that the protective effect of the MAS was not the result of detoxification by microsomal enzyme systems, but was caused by two components of the NADPH generator system, namely NADP and G6P. G6P was more protective of alpha-chaconine-induced toxicity than NADP at the concentrations tested. Thus, FETAX with a MAS must be performed with appropriate controls that take into account the possible interactions with individual components of the system. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Rayburn, J R AU - Bantle, J A AU - Qualls, C W AU - Friedman, M AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1021 EP - 1025 VL - 33 IS - 12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Glucosephosphates KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Solanine KW - 20562-02-1 KW - alpha-chaconine KW - 20562-03-2 KW - NADP KW - 53-59-8 KW - Glucose-6-Phosphate KW - 56-73-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Embryonic Development KW - Animals KW - Xenopus -- embryology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Biotransformation KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Male KW - Glucosephosphates -- pharmacology KW - Solanine -- analogs & derivatives KW - NADP -- metabolism KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Solanine -- metabolism KW - Solanine -- toxicity KW - NADP -- pharmacology KW - Glucosephosphates -- metabolism KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77766499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Protective+effects+of+glucose-6-phosphate+and+NADP+against+alpha-chaconine-induced+developmental+toxicity+in+Xenopus+embryos.&rft.au=Rayburn%2C+J+R%3BBantle%2C+J+A%3BQualls%2C+C+W%3BFriedman%2C+M&rft.aulast=Rayburn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1021&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy AN - 52847281; 1996-038245 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Grennfelt, Peringe AU - Rodhe, Henning AU - Thornelof, Eva AU - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 295 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 1 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - symposia KW - pollution KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - rain KW - pH KW - acid rain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52847281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=5th+international+conference+on+Acidic+deposition%3B+science+and+policy&rft.au=Grennfelt%2C+Peringe%3BRodhe%2C+Henning%3BThornelof%2C+Eva%3BWisniewski%2C+Joe&rft.aulast=Grennfelt&rft.aufirst=Peringe&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; atmospheric precipitation; pH; pollution; rain; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil changes induced by air pollutant deposition and their implication for forests in Central Europe AN - 52842893; 1996-038246 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Matzner, E AU - Murach, D AU - Grennfelt, Peringe AU - Rodhe, Henning AU - Thornelof, Eva AU - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 63 EP - 76 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 1 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - forests KW - sulfur dioxide KW - damage KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - nitrogen KW - drought KW - Czech Republic KW - Poland KW - Central Europe KW - acidic composition KW - air KW - Germany KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52842893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Soil+changes+induced+by+air+pollutant+deposition+and+their+implication+for+forests+in+Central+Europe&rft.au=Matzner%2C+E%3BMurach%2C+D%3BGrennfelt%2C+Peringe%3BRodhe%2C+Henning%3BThornelof%2C+Eva%3BWisniewski%2C+Joe&rft.aulast=Matzner&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 107 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; air; Central Europe; Czech Republic; damage; drought; Europe; forests; Germany; nitrogen; pH; Poland; pollution; soils; sulfur dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards a new method of setting a critical load of acidity for ombrotrophic peat AN - 52821011; 1996-055862 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Wilson, E J AU - Skeffington, R A AU - Maltby, E AU - Immirzi, P AU - Swanson, C AU - Proctor, M A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2491 EP - 2496 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - calcium KW - northwestern Scotland KW - magnesium KW - organic residues KW - Pennines KW - England KW - Europe KW - ecosystems KW - Great Britain KW - mineral composition KW - critical load KW - transport KW - denitrification KW - sediments KW - retention KW - calcium ion KW - leachate KW - acidic composition KW - ion exchange KW - depositional environment KW - chemical composition KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - bedrock KW - bedload KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - Western Europe KW - cation exchange capacity KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - weathering KW - United Kingdom KW - peat KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - southwestern England KW - acidification KW - leaching KW - magnesium ion KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52821011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Towards+a+new+method+of+setting+a+critical+load+of+acidity+for+ombrotrophic+peat&rft.au=Wilson%2C+E+J%3BSkeffington%2C+R+A%3BMaltby%2C+E%3BImmirzi%2C+P%3BSwanson%2C+C%3BProctor%2C+M&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; acidification; alkaline earth metals; bedload; bedrock; calcium; calcium ion; cation exchange capacity; chemical composition; critical load; denitrification; depositional environment; ecosystems; England; Europe; Great Britain; ion exchange; leachate; leaching; magnesium; magnesium ion; metals; mineral composition; northwestern Scotland; organic compounds; organic materials; organic residues; peat; Pennines; pollutants; pollution; retention; sediments; soils; southwestern England; sulfate ion; transport; United Kingdom; weathering; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating uncertainty in the current critical loads exceedance models AN - 52818230; 1996-055864 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Smith, R I AU - Hall, J R AU - Howard, D C A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2503 EP - 2508 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - bedload KW - monitoring KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mapping KW - Europe KW - chemical waste KW - United Kingdom KW - spatial distribution KW - spatial variations KW - detection KW - critical load KW - industrial waste KW - acidification KW - risk assessment KW - depositional environment KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52818230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Estimating+uncertainty+in+the+current+critical+loads+exceedance+models&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+I%3BHall%2C+J+R%3BHoward%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; bedload; chemical waste; critical load; depositional environment; detection; Europe; industrial waste; mapping; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; soils; spatial distribution; spatial variations; United Kingdom; waste disposal; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The calculation of base cation release from the chemical weathering of Scottish soils using the profile model AN - 52817803; 1996-055863 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Langan, Simon J AU - Sverdrup, Harald U AU - Coull, Malcolm A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2497 EP - 2502 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - chemical weathering KW - Western Europe KW - cation exchange capacity KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - Europe KW - weathering KW - United Kingdom KW - Great Britain KW - Scotland KW - mineral composition KW - PROFILE KW - critical load KW - areal studies KW - weathered materials KW - parent materials KW - acidification KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52817803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=The+calculation+of+base+cation+release+from+the+chemical+weathering+of+Scottish+soils+using+the+profile+model&rft.au=Langan%2C+Simon+J%3BSverdrup%2C+Harald+U%3BCoull%2C+Malcolm&rft.aulast=Langan&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; areal studies; cation exchange capacity; chemical weathering; critical load; Europe; Great Britain; mathematical models; mineral composition; parent materials; pollutants; pollution; PROFILE; Scotland; soils; United Kingdom; weathered materials; weathering; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy AN - 52817654; 1996-060861 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 297 EP - 1050 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - symposia KW - surface water KW - lakes KW - lacustrine environment KW - acidification KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - rain KW - acid rain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52817654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acid+rain+%2795%3F+5th+international+conference+on+Acidic+deposition%3B+science+and+policy&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; lacustrine environment; lakes; rain; soils; surface water; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects on soils and leaching after application of dolomite to an acidified forested catchment in the Lake Gardsjon watershed, South-west Sweden AN - 52817552; 1996-060876 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Hultberg, H AU - Nilsson, S I AU - Nystrom, U A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1033 EP - 1038 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - Lake Gardsjon Basin KW - buffers KW - southwestern Sweden KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - dolostone KW - remediation KW - liming KW - sedimentary rocks KW - aluminum KW - drainage basins KW - rain KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Western Europe KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - effects KW - acid rain KW - Scandinavia KW - metals KW - runoff KW - potassium KW - cations KW - acidification KW - seasonal variations KW - leaching KW - carbonate rocks KW - Sweden KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52817552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Effects+on+soils+and+leaching+after+application+of+dolomite+to+an+acidified+forested+catchment+in+the+Lake+Gardsjon+watershed%2C+South-west+Sweden&rft.au=Hultberg%2C+H%3BNilsson%2C+S+I%3BNystrom%2C+U&rft.aulast=Hultberg&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1033&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; aluminum; atmospheric precipitation; buffers; calcium; carbonate rocks; cations; dolostone; drainage basins; effects; Europe; forests; hydrology; Lake Gardsjon Basin; leaching; liming; magnesium; metals; pollution; potassium; rain; remediation; runoff; Scandinavia; seasonal variations; sedimentary rocks; soils; southwestern Sweden; Sweden; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil sensitivity due to acid and heavy metal deposition in East Central Europe AN - 52817065; 1996-060868 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Rautengarten, A M AU - Schnoor, J L AU - Anderberg, S AU - Olendrzynski, K AU - Stigliani, W M A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 737 EP - 742 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - zinc KW - southern Poland KW - data processing KW - lead KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - TRACE 2 KW - southwestern Germany KW - Central Europe KW - drainage basins KW - cadmium KW - Oder Valley KW - Saxony Germany KW - rain KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - mines KW - Black Triangle KW - pollutants KW - Bohemia KW - northern Bohemia KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - acid rain KW - computer programs KW - Czech Republic KW - Silesia KW - Poland KW - metals KW - Elbe Basin KW - acidification KW - Germany KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52817065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Soil+sensitivity+due+to+acid+and+heavy+metal+deposition+in+East+Central+Europe&rft.au=Rautengarten%2C+A+M%3BSchnoor%2C+J+L%3BAnderberg%2C+S%3BOlendrzynski%2C+K%3BStigliani%2C+W+M&rft.aulast=Rautengarten&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; arsenic; atmospheric precipitation; Black Triangle; Bohemia; cadmium; Central Europe; computer programs; Czech Republic; data processing; drainage basins; Elbe Basin; Europe; Germany; heavy metals; lead; metals; mines; northern Bohemia; Oder Valley; Poland; pollutants; pollution; rain; Saxony Germany; Silesia; soils; southern Poland; southwestern Germany; TRACE 2; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aluminium speciation; effects of sample storage AN - 52817006; 1996-060871 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Andren, C Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 811 EP - 816 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Western Europe KW - buffers KW - surface water KW - Europe KW - effects KW - Delsbo Sweden KW - central Sweden KW - hydrochemistry KW - liming KW - Scandinavia KW - sample preparation KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - acidification KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - fractionation KW - Sweden KW - storage KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52817006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Aluminium+speciation%3B+effects+of+sample+storage&rft.au=Andren%2C+C&rft.aulast=Andren&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=811&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; aluminum; buffers; central Sweden; Delsbo Sweden; effects; Europe; fractionation; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; liming; metals; pH; sample preparation; Scandinavia; storage; surface water; Sweden; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The application of (super 210) Pb inventories in soil to measure long-term average wet deposition of pollutants in complex terrain AN - 52815647; 1996-055859 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Fowler, D AU - Mourne, R AU - Branford, D A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2113 EP - 2118 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - isotopes KW - lead KW - England KW - techniques KW - Europe KW - radon KW - Great Britain KW - spatial variations KW - radioactive isotopes KW - noble gases KW - Cumbria England KW - particulate materials KW - depositional environment KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - sulfate ion KW - Western Europe KW - gaseous phase KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - United Kingdom KW - Rn-222 KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - metals KW - Pb-210 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=The+application+of+%28super+210%29+Pb+inventories+in+soil+to+measure+long-term+average+wet+deposition+of+pollutants+in+complex+terrain&rft.au=Fowler%2C+D%3BMourne%2C+R%3BBranford%2C+D&rft.aulast=Fowler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cumbria England; depositional environment; detection; England; Europe; gaseous phase; Great Britain; isotopes; lead; metals; noble gases; organic compounds; organic materials; particulate materials; Pb-210; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radon; Rn-222; soils; spatial variations; sulfate ion; techniques; United Kingdom; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of pollution and acidification on metal concentrations in Finnish Lapland lake sediments AN - 52815492; 1996-060872 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Dauvalter, V A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 853 EP - 858 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - organic materials KW - Western Europe KW - Finland KW - statistical analysis KW - lakes KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - effects KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Lapland Finland KW - Lapland KW - acid rain KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - lacustrine environment KW - acidification KW - rain KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Influence+of+pollution+and+acidification+on+metal+concentrations+in+Finnish+Lapland+lake+sediments&rft.au=Dauvalter%2C+V&rft.aulast=Dauvalter&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; effects; Europe; Finland; lacustrine environment; lakes; Lapland; Lapland Finland; metals; organic compounds; organic materials; pH; pollution; rain; Scandinavia; statistical analysis; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidification of soils and radioactive hot particles behavior; a macrokinetic approach AN - 52815460; 1996-060870 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Dobrovolsky, E AU - Lyalko, V A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 767 EP - 772 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - alteration KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - radioactivity KW - uranium oxides KW - Ukraine KW - stability KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - native elements KW - solution KW - solid phase KW - models KW - graphite KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Chernobyl nuclear accident KW - acidification KW - kinetics KW - fallout KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acidification+of+soils+and+radioactive+hot+particles+behavior%3B+a+macrokinetic+approach&rft.au=Dobrovolsky%2C+E%3BLyalko%2C+V&rft.aulast=Dobrovolsky&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=767&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; alteration; Chernobyl nuclear accident; Commonwealth of Independent States; diffusion; Europe; experimental studies; fallout; graphite; kinetics; models; native elements; pollution; prediction; radioactivity; soils; solid phase; solution; stability; Ukraine; uranium oxides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy AN - 52815430; 1996-055858 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1873 EP - 2730 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - critical flow KW - preventive measures KW - acid rain KW - models KW - transport KW - symposia KW - aerosols KW - acidification KW - risk assessment KW - air KW - depositional environment KW - rain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acid+rain+%2795%3F+5th+international+conference+on+Acidic+deposition%3B+science+and+policy&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1873&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; aerosols; air; atmosphere; atmospheric precipitation; critical flow; depositional environment; models; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; rain; risk assessment; soils; symposia; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A palaeolimnological assessment of the impact of acid deposition on surface waters in North-west Scotland, a region of high sea-salt inputs AN - 52815379; 1996-055860 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Allott, T E H AU - Golding, P N E AU - Harriman, R A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2425 EP - 2430 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - northwestern Scotland KW - Europe KW - algae KW - salt water KW - Great Britain KW - diatoms KW - paleolimnology KW - sediments KW - depositional environment KW - pH KW - bedload KW - concentration KW - Plantae KW - Western Europe KW - assemblages KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - United Kingdom KW - biota KW - Scotland KW - detection KW - lacustrine environment KW - acidification KW - microfossils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=A+palaeolimnological+assessment+of+the+impact+of+acid+deposition+on+surface+waters+in+North-west+Scotland%2C+a+region+of+high+sea-salt+inputs&rft.au=Allott%2C+T+E+H%3BGolding%2C+P+N+E%3BHarriman%2C+R&rft.aulast=Allott&rft.aufirst=T+E&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; algae; assemblages; bedload; biota; concentration; depositional environment; detection; diatoms; Europe; Great Britain; hydrochemistry; lacustrine environment; microfossils; northwestern Scotland; paleolimnology; pH; physicochemical properties; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; salt water; Scotland; sediments; surface water; United Kingdom; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidification of soils in five catchments in Norway AN - 52815314; 1996-060863 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Stuanes, A O AU - Abrahamsen, G AU - Rosberg, I A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 635 EP - 640 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - Vikedal Basin KW - Birkenes Basin KW - monitoring KW - Western Europe KW - statistical analysis KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - acid rain KW - Scandinavia KW - drainage basins KW - surveys KW - cations KW - acidification KW - Karvatn Basin KW - Norway KW - Langtjern Basin KW - rain KW - pH KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acidification+of+soils+in+five+catchments+in+Norway&rft.au=Stuanes%2C+A+O%3BAbrahamsen%2C+G%3BRosberg%2C+I&rft.aulast=Stuanes&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=635&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; Birkenes Basin; cations; changes; drainage basins; Europe; Karvatn Basin; Langtjern Basin; monitoring; Norway; pH; rain; Scandinavia; soils; statistical analysis; surveys; Vikedal Basin; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends of mercury and methylmercury in deposition, run-off water and sediments in relation to experimental manipulations and acidification AN - 52815170; 1996-060869 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Munthe, John AU - Hultberg, Hans AU - Lee, Ying-Hua AU - Parkman, Helena AU - Iverfeldt, Ake AU - Renberg, Ingemar Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 743 EP - 748 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - buffers KW - southwestern Sweden KW - lakes KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - remediation KW - Lake Gardsjon KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - Lake Harsevatten KW - mercury KW - hydrology KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - effects KW - adsorption KW - organo-metallics KW - Scandinavia KW - methylmercury KW - metals KW - runoff KW - lacustrine environment KW - acidification KW - Sweden KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Trends+of+mercury+and+methylmercury+in+deposition%2C+run-off+water+and+sediments+in+relation+to+experimental+manipulations+and+acidification&rft.au=Munthe%2C+John%3BHultberg%2C+Hans%3BLee%2C+Ying-Hua%3BParkman%2C+Helena%3BIverfeldt%2C+Ake%3BRenberg%2C+Ingemar&rft.aulast=Munthe&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; adsorption; atmospheric precipitation; buffers; changes; drainage basins; effects; Europe; experimental studies; hydrology; lacustrine environment; Lake Gardsjon; Lake Harsevatten; lakes; mercury; metals; methylmercury; organo-metallics; pollution; remediation; runoff; Scandinavia; sediments; southwestern Sweden; statistical analysis; surface water; Sweden; toxic materials; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critical loads for soils and waters in a selected Scottish catchment AN - 52814958; 1996-055861 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - MacPhee, K P AU - Langan, S J AU - Billet, M F A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2473 EP - 2478 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - bedload KW - monitoring KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - drainage KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - fresh-water environment KW - hydrochemistry KW - horizon differentiation KW - spatial variations KW - physical properties KW - catchment hydrodynamics KW - critical load KW - saturation KW - chromatograms KW - runoff KW - drainage basins KW - hydrodynamics KW - chemical composition KW - Bhealach Scotland KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Critical+loads+for+soils+and+waters+in+a+selected+Scottish+catchment&rft.au=MacPhee%2C+K+P%3BLangan%2C+S+J%3BBillet%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=MacPhee&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedload; Bhealach Scotland; catchment hydrodynamics; chemical composition; chromatograms; critical load; drainage; drainage basins; fresh-water environment; horizon differentiation; hydrochemistry; hydrodynamics; hydrology; mathematical models; monitoring; physical properties; pollution; runoff; saturation; soils; spatial variations; watersheds; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measured and modelled retention of inorganic sulfur in soils and subsoils (Harz Mountains, Germany) AN - 52814889; 1996-060865 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Lukewille, Anke AU - Malessa, Volker AU - Alewell, Christine A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 683 EP - 688 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - sorption KW - Soesemulde KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - Central Europe KW - retention KW - drainage basins KW - rain KW - soils KW - forests KW - sulfates KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Lange Bramke Basin KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - acid rain KW - models KW - alunite KW - hydroxosulfate KW - sulfur KW - acidification KW - streams KW - reconstruction KW - jurbanite KW - Germany KW - Harz Mountains KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Measured+and+modelled+retention+of+inorganic+sulfur+in+soils+and+subsoils+%28Harz+Mountains%2C+Germany%29&rft.au=Lukewille%2C+Anke%3BMalessa%2C+Volker%3BAlewell%2C+Christine&rft.aulast=Lukewille&rft.aufirst=Anke&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=683&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; adsorption; alunite; atmospheric precipitation; Central Europe; drainage basins; Europe; forests; Germany; Harz Mountains; hydroxosulfate; jurbanite; Lange Bramke Basin; models; pollution; prediction; rain; reconstruction; retention; simulation; Soesemulde; soils; solubility; sorption; streams; sulfates; sulfur ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liming of wetlands in the Roynelandsvatn catchment; effects on soil chemistry and neutralisation properties in the soil profile AN - 52814665; 1996-060874 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Kvaerner, Jens AU - Kraft, Per A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 986 EP - 990 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - calcium KW - Roynelandsvatn Basin KW - organic residues KW - buffers KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - ions KW - remediation KW - liming KW - aluminum KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - chemical properties KW - rain KW - pH KW - soils KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Western Europe KW - cation exchange capacity KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - effects KW - Southern Norway KW - acid rain KW - peat KW - Scandinavia KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - cations KW - acidification KW - Norway KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Liming+of+wetlands+in+the+Roynelandsvatn+catchment%3B+effects+on+soil+chemistry+and+neutralisation+properties+in+the+soil+profile&rft.au=Kvaerner%2C+Jens%3BKraft%2C+Per&rft.aulast=Kvaerner&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=986&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; alkaline earth metals; aluminum; atmospheric precipitation; buffers; calcium; cation exchange capacity; cations; chemical properties; drainage basins; effects; Europe; hydrogen; ions; liming; metals; Norway; organic residues; peat; pH; pollution; rain; remediation; Roynelandsvatn Basin; Scandinavia; sediments; soils; Southern Norway; statistical analysis; Western Europe; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical fluxes in forested acidified catchments AN - 52814631; 1996-060873 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Matschullat, Joerg AU - Kritzer, Peter AU - Maenhaut, Willy A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 859 EP - 864 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - forests KW - Erzgebirge KW - zinc KW - stream transport KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - lead KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - solubility KW - acid rain KW - deposition KW - metals KW - Central Europe KW - drainage basins KW - aerosols KW - acidification KW - trace metals KW - trace elements KW - Germany KW - rain KW - changes KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Geochemical+fluxes+in+forested+acidified+catchments&rft.au=Matschullat%2C+Joerg%3BKritzer%2C+Peter%3BMaenhaut%2C+Willy&rft.aulast=Matschullat&rft.aufirst=Joerg&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; aerosols; atmospheric precipitation; Central Europe; changes; deposition; drainage basins; Erzgebirge; Europe; forests; Germany; lead; metals; pollution; rain; solubility; statistical analysis; stream transport; surface water; trace elements; trace metals; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling geochemistry and lake pH since glaciation at Lake Gardsjon AN - 52814595; 1996-060866 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Warfvinge, P AU - Sverdrup, H AU - Alveteg, M AU - Rietz, F A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 713 EP - 718 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Lake Gardsjon Basin KW - southwestern Sweden KW - lakes KW - Europe KW - simulation KW - Holocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Lake Gardsjon KW - mineral composition KW - drainage basins KW - pH KW - soils KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - chemical weathering KW - Western Europe KW - Quaternary KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - rates KW - weathering KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - runoff KW - cations KW - acidification KW - reconstruction KW - Sweden KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Modelling+geochemistry+and+lake+pH+since+glaciation+at+Lake+Gardsjon&rft.au=Warfvinge%2C+P%3BSverdrup%2C+H%3BAlveteg%2C+M%3BRietz%2C+F&rft.aulast=Warfvinge&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; cations; Cenozoic; chemical weathering; drainage basins; Europe; Holocene; hydrology; Lake Gardsjon; Lake Gardsjon Basin; lakes; mineral composition; models; pH; processes; Quaternary; rates; reconstruction; runoff; Scandinavia; simulation; soils; southwestern Sweden; statistical analysis; surface water; Sweden; weathering; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil chemistry change in a lowland English deciduous woodland 1974-1991 AN - 52814557; 1996-060864 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Farmer, Andrew M A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 677 EP - 682 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - forests KW - Western Europe KW - statistical analysis KW - England KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - United Kingdom KW - t-test analysis KW - Great Britain KW - nitrogen KW - acid rain KW - Wytham Wood KW - Oxfordshire England KW - acidification KW - geochemistry KW - rain KW - pH KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Soil+chemistry+change+in+a+lowland+English+deciduous+woodland+1974-1991&rft.au=Farmer%2C+Andrew+M&rft.aulast=Farmer&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=677&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; changes; England; Europe; forests; geochemistry; Great Britain; nitrogen; Oxfordshire England; pH; rain; soils; statistical analysis; t-test analysis; United Kingdom; Western Europe; Wytham Wood ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Counteractions against acidification in forests ecosystems; effects on stream water quality after dolomite application to forest soil in Gjerstad, Norway AN - 52814465; 1996-060875 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Hindar, A AU - Nilsen, P AU - Skiple, A AU - Hogberget, R A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1027 EP - 1032 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - forests KW - water quality KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - buffers KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - effects KW - dolostone KW - hydrochemistry KW - Southern Norway KW - remediation KW - liming KW - Scandinavia KW - sedimentary rocks KW - drainage basins KW - acidification KW - streams KW - Norway KW - Gjerstad Norway KW - carbonate rocks KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Counteractions+against+acidification+in+forests+ecosystems%3B+effects+on+stream+water+quality+after+dolomite+application+to+forest+soil+in+Gjerstad%2C+Norway&rft.au=Hindar%2C+A%3BNilsen%2C+P%3BSkiple%2C+A%3BHogberget%2C+R&rft.aulast=Hindar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1027&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; buffers; carbonate rocks; dolostone; drainage basins; effects; Europe; experimental studies; forests; geochemistry; Gjerstad Norway; hydrochemistry; liming; Norway; pH; pollution; remediation; Scandinavia; sedimentary rocks; Southern Norway; streams; water quality; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling long-term acidification trends of forested sandstone catchments in the Black Forest (SW Germany) AN - 52814427; 1996-060867 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Hinderer, M AU - Einsele, G A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 719 EP - 724 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - fractured materials KW - Seebach Basin KW - data processing KW - Baden-Wurttemberg Germany KW - sandstone KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - layered materials KW - ground water KW - Lower Triassic KW - controls KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Bunter KW - Triassic KW - Central Europe KW - drainage basins KW - data bases KW - MAGIC KW - rain KW - forests KW - bedrock KW - Black Forest KW - pollution KW - Mesozoic KW - aquifers KW - acid rain KW - models KW - computer programs KW - acidification KW - Germany KW - clastic rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Modelling+long-term+acidification+trends+of+forested+sandstone+catchments+in+the+Black+Forest+%28SW+Germany%29&rft.au=Hinderer%2C+M%3BEinsele%2C+G&rft.aulast=Hinderer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=719&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sect. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; aquifers; atmospheric precipitation; Baden-Wurttemberg Germany; bedrock; Black Forest; Bunter; Central Europe; clastic rocks; computer programs; controls; data bases; data processing; drainage basins; Europe; forests; fractured materials; Germany; ground water; layered materials; Lower Triassic; MAGIC; Mesozoic; models; pollution; rain; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; Seebach Basin; simulation; Triassic ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidification in Norway; status and trends; surface and ground water AN - 52814383; 1996-060862 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Skjelkvale, B L AU - Henriksen, A A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 629 EP - 634 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - water quality KW - sulfuric acid KW - monitoring KW - Western Europe KW - sulfates KW - surface water KW - lakes KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - ground water KW - acid rain KW - progress report KW - Scandinavia KW - report KW - drainage basins KW - acidification KW - Norway KW - nitrate ion KW - inorganic acids KW - fluvial environment KW - rain KW - arrays KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acidification+in+Norway%3B+status+and+trends%3B+surface+and+ground+water&rft.au=Skjelkvale%2C+B+L%3BHenriksen%2C+A&rft.aulast=Skjelkvale&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=629&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; arrays; atmospheric precipitation; changes; drainage basins; Europe; fluvial environment; ground water; inorganic acids; lakes; monitoring; nitrate ion; Norway; progress report; rain; report; Scandinavia; sulfates; sulfuric acid; surface water; water quality; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulphate sulphur concentration in vegetable crops, soil and ground water in the region affected by the sulphur dioxide emission from Plock oil refinery (central Poland) AN - 52814304; 1996-055865 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Mikula, W A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2539 EP - 2546 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - sulfur dioxide KW - concentration KW - Plock Poland KW - Plantae KW - sulfate ion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - migration of elements KW - chemical waste KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - Poland KW - Central Europe KW - water yield KW - industrial waste KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Sulphate+sulphur+concentration+in+vegetable+crops%2C+soil+and+ground+water+in+the+region+affected+by+the+sulphur+dioxide+emission+from+Plock+oil+refinery+%28central+Poland%29&rft.au=Mikula%2C+W&rft.aulast=Mikula&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central Europe; chemical waste; concentration; drinking water; Europe; ground water; industrial waste; migration of elements; organic compounds; organic materials; Plantae; Plock Poland; point sources; Poland; pollutants; pollution; soils; sulfate ion; sulfur dioxide; water yield ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization and comparison of three different methods for the determination of Rn-222 in water AN - 52795591; 1996-071210 JF - The Science of the Total Environment AU - Belloni, P AU - Cavaioli, M AU - Ingrao, G AU - Mancini, C AU - Notaro, M AU - Santaroni, P AU - Torri, G AU - Vasselli, R A2 - Newton, G. W. A. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 61 EP - 67 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 173-174 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - interlaboratory comparison KW - pollution KW - liquid scintillation methods KW - radon KW - drinking water KW - Rn-222 KW - ground water KW - gamma counting KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - errors KW - detection KW - noble gases KW - chemical composition KW - accuracy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52795591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Optimization+and+comparison+of+three+different+methods+for+the+determination+of+Rn-222+in+water&rft.au=Belloni%2C+P%3BCavaioli%2C+M%3BIngrao%2C+G%3BMancini%2C+C%3BNotaro%2C+M%3BSantaroni%2C+P%3BTorri%2C+G%3BVasselli%2C+R&rft.aulast=Belloni&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=173-174&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh symposium on Environmental radiochemical analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; chemical composition; detection; drinking water; errors; experimental studies; gamma counting; ground water; interlaboratory comparison; isotopes; laboratory studies; liquid scintillation methods; noble gases; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radon; Rn-222; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water quality impacts from on-site waste disposal systems to coastal areas through groundwater discharge AN - 51060036; 1996-016188 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Harris, P J Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 262 EP - 268 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - impact statements KW - nonpoint sources KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - transport KW - Massachusetts KW - agrochemicals KW - acidic composition KW - nitrate ion KW - discharge KW - water pollution KW - soils KW - concentration KW - sewage KW - pollutants KW - Buttermilk Bay KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - coastal environment KW - waste disposal KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51060036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Water+quality+impacts+from+on-site+waste+disposal+systems+to+coastal+areas+through+groundwater+discharge&rft.au=Harris%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; agrochemicals; aquifers; Buttermilk Bay; Chesapeake Bay; coastal environment; concentration; discharge; drinking water; ground water; impact statements; Massachusetts; microorganisms; nitrate ion; nonpoint sources; phosphorus; pollutants; pollution; sewage; soils; surface water; transport; United States; waste disposal; water pollution; water quality; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critique AN - 877596636; 13645669 JF - Toxicologic Pathology AU - Macphail, Robert C AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B) National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S. EPA Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 714 EP - 715 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 23 IS - 6 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Toxicology Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877596636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.atitle=Critique&rft.au=Macphail%2C+Robert+C&rft.aulast=Macphail&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=714&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F019262339502300609 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019262339502300609 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors influencing diisopropyl fluorophosphate-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia in the rat. AN - 77910023; 8747750 AB - Exposing rats to the anticholinesterase (anti-ChE) diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) causes a transient period of hypothermia followed by a period of hyperthermia lasting approximately 48 h. Because a fever is a predominant thermoregulatory response in humans exposed to anti-ChE pesticides, the hyperthermic response in the rat may be important to understanding the central neural mechanisms of anti-ChEs. The purpose of the present study was to assess the dependence of DFP-induced thermoregulatory changes on basal behavioral and autonomic activity in the rat. Core temperature (Tc), heart rate (HR), and motor activity (MA) were monitored via radiotelemetry in unrestrained rats 24 h prior to and 72 h after administration of the peanut oil vehicle or 1.5 mg/kg DFP. Mean Tc decreased by approximately 4 degrees C by 4 h after DFP, returned to baseline by 27 h, and then remained approximately 0.8 degrees C above control daytime levels during the second day after DFP injection. Correlations of DFP-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia with baseline Tc, HR, and MA were performed. The baseline Tc was inversely correlated with the magnitude of DFP-induced hyperthermia (r2 = 0.6). DFP-induced hyperthermia was also inversely correlated with baseline HR and MA. The minimum core temperature during DFP-induced hypothermia was directly correlated with the baseline Tc. The inverse pattern between baseline Tc and DFP-induced hyperthermia is similar to that of rats administered endotoxin and other pyrogenic agents. Sixty percent of the variation in DFP-induced hyperthermia, a toxic response seen > 48 h after exposure, can be explained by individual differences in baseline Tc. This relationship may be important in understanding the thermoregulatory and metabolic effects of anti-ChE agents. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 679 EP - 683 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Index Medicus KW - Stimulation, Chemical KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Depression, Chemical KW - Fever -- chemically induced KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Hypothermia -- chemically induced KW - Isoflurophate -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77910023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Factors+influencing+diisopropyl+fluorophosphate-induced+hypothermia+and+hyperthermia+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in flash evoked potentials (FEPs) in rats produced by 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN). AN - 77907133; 8747746 AB - 3,3'-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) is a neurotoxicant that produces changes in flash evoked potentials (FEPs) 18 weeks after treatment. We examined dose- and time-related effects of IDPN on FEPs at earlier time points than previously studied (52). Adult male Long-Evans rats were given IDPN (0, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg/day x 3 days, i.p.) and FEPs were recorded 14 days later. IDPN (400 mg/kg/day) decreased the amplitudes of some of the "early" and "middle" FEP peaks (n30 and N56), and increased the latencies of some early peaks (P21 and P46). A separate group of rats was treated with IDPN (0 or 400 mg/kg/day x 3 days, i.p.) and FEPs were recorded 1, 3, 7, 14, and 35 days later. The latencies of of all portions of FEPs were increased by IDPN, with maximal changes occurring at 7 and/or 14 days. The amplitude of the middle portions of FEPs (peaks N56, P63, N70, P90) were altered as early as day 3, and some changes were observed up to day 14. In contrast, the "late" portion of FEPs (peak N160) was affected at later times (days 14 and 35). Corneal opacities were noted on days 3 and 7, but were largely reversible by day 14. In the time-course study, IDPN decreased colonic temperature on days 1, 3, 7, and 14. The present results suggest that IDPN alters both the early FEP peaks related to the initial afferent sensory volley, and cortical processing associated with the middle and later portions of FEPs. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Herr, D W AU - King, D AU - Barone, S AU - Crofton, K M AD - Nation Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 645 EP - 656 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Nitriles KW - 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - 3XP1CVU865 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Male KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- drug effects KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Nitriles -- toxicity KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77907133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+flash+evoked+potentials+%28FEPs%29+in+rats+produced+by+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile+%28IDPN%29.&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BKing%2C+D%3BBarone%2C+S%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=645&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of the acute effects of cholinesterase inhibitors using a neurobehavioral screening battery in rats. AN - 77891806; 8747743 AB - The clinical signs of intoxication produced by cholinesterase inhibitors, many of which are used as pesticides, are considered important information for regulatory purposes. We conducted acute studies of cholinesterase inhibitors to compare their effects as determined by a functional observational battery (FOB) and motor activity. The acute effects of two carbamates (carbaryl, aldicarb) and five organophosphates (OP) (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, parathion, fenthion, and diisopropyl fluorophosphate, or DFP) were evaluated on the day of dosing at the time of peak effect, at 1 and 3 days, and 1 week after dosing (oral gavage, in corn oil). A high dose was selected that produced clear cholinergic signs, and lower doses were chosen to produce a range of effects. Generally all cholinesterase inhibitors produced autonomic signs of cholinergic overstimulation (salivation, lacrimation, and miosis), hypothermia, mild tremors and mouth-smacking (chewing motions), lowered motor activity, decreased tail-pinch response, and altered neuromuscular function (gait changes and increased foot splay). The measures generally found to be most sensitive on the day of dosing were body temperature, motor activity, gait, and the presence of mouth-smacking and fine tremors. However, no single measure was the most sensitive across all compounds; for example, the lowest dose of fenthion decreased motor activity by 86% but did not alter the tail-pinch response, whereas the lowest dose of parathion did not lower activity but did decrease the tail-pinch response. For some measures, differences in the slopes of the dose-response curves were evident. Many effects were still observed at 24 h, but recovery was apparent for all compounds. Interestingly, residual effects at 72 h were obtained with the carbamates (carbaryl, aldicarb) as well as with the Op fenthion, but not with the other compounds. Thus, the overall clinical picture of toxicity was similar for these cholinesterase inhibitors, but compound-specific differences emerged in terms of the individual measures, dose-response, and time course. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Moser, V C AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 617 EP - 625 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Parathion KW - 61G466064D KW - Aldicarb KW - 8V071SH05P KW - Carbaryl KW - R890C8J3N1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Neuromuscular Junction -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Aldicarb -- toxicity KW - Reflex -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Parathion -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Movement Disorders -- etiology KW - Carbaryl -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Isoflurophate -- toxicity KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77891806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+the+acute+effects+of+cholinesterase+inhibitors+using+a+neurobehavioral+screening+battery+in+rats.&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary screening for the potential of drinking water disinfection byproducts to alter male reproduction. AN - 77848860; 8597653 AB - There is increasing epidemiologic interest in the role drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPs) may play in adverse reproductive outcomes such as inability to conceive, spontaneous abortion, and low birth weight. Although dozens of DBPs already have been identified, only a few studies have attempted to determine whether DBPs alter male reproductive parameters such as testicular and epididymal histology, testicular and epididymal sperm numbers, and epididymal sperm morphology and motility in laboratory animals. In these studies, alterations in epididymal sperm motility seemed to be predictive of more generalized toxicity of the male reproductive system. Because there is a need to prioritize DBPs for thorough reproductive and developmental toxicity testing, preliminary screening for the potential of DBPs to alter reproductive function seems warranted. Here, we elected to examine only cauda epididymal sperm motion parameters and testicular and epididymal histopathology. The effects of exposure to two commonly occurring DBPs, bromodichloromethane (BDCM) and chloral hydrate (CH), via drinking water were evaluated in F344 rats at an interim (52 week) necropsy during cancer bioassay studies. Exposure to 22 and 39 mg/kg BDCM and 55 and 188 mg/kg CH did not produce any systemic toxicity. Histopathologic evaluation revealed no gross lesions in the reproductive organs, and no tumors were detected in any tissues. In contrast, exposure to 39 mg/kg BDCM significantly decreased the mean straight-line, average path, and curvilinear velocities of sperm recovered from the cauda epididymidis. This BDCM exposure shifted the average path velocity distribution to a lower modal velocity range. Exposure to 188 mg/kg CH significantly decreased both the percentage of motile and progressively motile sperm. This CH exposure shifted the straight-line velocity distribution to a lower modal velocity range. These are the first reproductive toxicity data from exposure to BDCM and CH. The observed effects on sperm motion occurred in the absence of carcinogenesis. Because the effects of BDCM on sperm motility occurred at a lower exposure than that of other DBPs that compromise sperm motility, a thorough reproductive evaluation now is underway. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Suarez, J D AU - Roberts, N L AU - DeAngelo, A B AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 571 EP - 578 VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Disinfectants KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Chloral Hydrate KW - 418M5916WG KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Male KW - Chloral Hydrate -- toxicity KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- toxicity KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Water Supply -- standards KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects KW - Disinfectants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77848860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Preliminary+screening+for+the+potential+of+drinking+water+disinfection+byproducts+to+alter+male+reproduction.&rft.au=Klinefelter%2C+G+R%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BRoberts%2C+N+L%3BDeAngelo%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Klinefelter&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of azinphos-methyl on the reproductive success of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus, in littoral enclosures. AN - 77811428; 8575365 AB - Adult bluegills were exposed to a single application of azinphosmethyl in 12 littoral enclosures in a northern Minnesota pond. Responses measured were adult behavior and spawning, embryo hatchability, larval survival until swim-up, young-of-year (Y-O-Y) growth, and total biomass. Four enclosures each were treated at 1.0 and 4.0 micrograms/liter and four remained untreated. The half-life of azinphos-methyl was 2.3 and 2.4 days at each of the two treatment levels, respectively. Quantifiable residues remained in the water for 8 days. Concentrations of 4.0 or 1.0 microgram/liter did not cause any significant long-term (63 day) effects on bluegill reproduction, embryo hatchability, larval survival, growth, or biomass. Although important bluegill prey such as copepod nauplii and cladocerans were significantly or greatly reduced by Day 7 following treatment, they recovered to levels equal to or greater than some of the control enclosures by Day 35. The apparent lack of significant long-term effects on reproductive success can be partially explained by the relatively short half-life of azinphos-methyl in littoral enclosures. JF - Ecotoxicology and environmental safety AU - Tanner, D K AU - Knuth, M L AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 184 EP - 193 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Azinphosmethyl KW - 265842EWUV KW - Index Medicus KW - Zooplankton -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Oxygen Consumption -- drug effects KW - Fresh Water -- chemistry KW - Fresh Water -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Temperature KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Plants -- drug effects KW - Biomass KW - Larva -- drug effects KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Fishes -- growth & development KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Azinphosmethyl -- toxicity KW - Fishes -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77811428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.atitle=Effects+of+azinphos-methyl+on+the+reproductive+success+of+the+bluegill+sunfish%2C+Lepomis+macrochirus%2C+in+littoral+enclosures.&rft.au=Tanner%2C+D+K%3BKnuth%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Tanner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+environmental+safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-12 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of offspring development and behavior following gestational exposure to inhaled methanol in the rat. AN - 77790945; 8566474 AB - The prospect of widespread human exposure associated with its use as an alternative fuel has sparked concern about the toxic potential of inhaled methanol (MeOH). Previous studies have revealed congenital malformations in rats following inhaled MeOH (Nelson et al. (1985). Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 5, 727-736) but these studies did not include postnatal behavioral assessment. In the present study, pregnant Long-Evans rats were placed in exposure chambers containing 15,000 ppm MeOH or air for 7 hr/day on Gestational Days (GD) 7-19. The total alveolar dose of methanol was estimated at about 6.1 g/kg/day, for a total dose of about 42.7 g/kg for the entire study. Maternal body weights were recorded daily and blood methanol concentrations were determined at the end of exposure on GD 7, 10, 14, and 18. Following birth (Postnatal Day 0 [PND 0]), a number of tests were performed at various points in development, including: offspring mortality and body wt (PND 1,3), motor activity (PND 13-21, 30, 60), olfactory learning (PND 18), behavioral thermoregulation (PND 20-21), T-maze learning (PND 23-24), acoustic startle response (PND 24, 60), reflex modification audiometry (PND 60), pubertal landmarks (PND 31-56), passive avoidance (PND 72), and visual-evoked potentials (PND 160). Maternal blood MeOH levels, measured from samples taken within 15 min after removal from the exposure chamber, declined from about 3.8 mg/ml on the first day of exposure to 3.1 mg/ml on the 12th day of exposure. MeOH transiently reduced maternal body wt (4-7%) on GD 8-10, and offspring BW (5%) on PND 1. No other test revealed significant effects of MeOH. Prenatal exposure to high levels of inhaled MeOH appears to have little effect on this broad battery of tests beyond PND 1 in the rat. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Stanton, M E AU - Crofton, K M AU - Gray, L E AU - Gordon, C J AU - Boyes, W K AU - Mole, M L AU - Peele, D B AU - Bushnell, P J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 100 EP - 110 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reflex, Startle -- drug effects KW - Maze Learning -- drug effects KW - Learning -- drug effects KW - Avoidance Learning -- drug effects KW - Nervous System Diseases -- psychology KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Smell -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Female KW - Methanol -- administration & dosage KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Teratogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Methanol -- pharmacokinetics KW - Growth -- drug effects KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77790945?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+offspring+development+and+behavior+following+gestational+exposure+to+inhaled+methanol+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Stanton%2C+M+E%3BCrofton%2C+K+M%3BGray%2C+L+E%3BGordon%2C+C+J%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BMole%2C+M+L%3BPeele%2C+D+B%3BBushnell%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Stanton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-04 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dibromoacetic acid affects reproductive competence and sperm quality in the male rat. AN - 77787809; 8566488 AB - Recently, we demonstrated with short-duration tests that dibromoacetic acid (DBAA), a commonly occurring by-product of water disinfection, alters sperm morphology and motility in the male rat. These results suggested that the effects of DBAA on sperm quality were likely to compromise reproductive competence of the male rat early in subchronic exposure. The present studies were undertaken to investigate the dose response and time course of alterations in fertility and sperm quality. Proven breeder male rats were gavaged daily with 0, 2, 10, 50, or 250 mg DBAA/kg for up to 79 days; interim and terminal measurements of sperm quality and reproductive outcome were made. Because of the known neurotoxicity of the analogue, dichloroacetic acid, both natural breeding and artificial inseminations were evaluated in untreated females to distinguish between possible behavioral and spermatogenic effects. DBAA compromised male fertility during the second treatment week in naturally bred rats dosed with 250 mg/kg. The early antifertility effect appeared to be the result of behavioral changes since females artificially inseminated with sperm collected on Day 9 successfully produced offspring. However, sperm morphology and motility also were rapidly affected by DBAA treatment so that no offspring via natural insemination and only one litter via artificial insemination were produced subsequent to Day 15. Through 31 days, substantial effects on sperm motility, sperm morphology, and epididymal sperm numbers were observed, but there was no demonstrable effect on serum testosterone or sperm production. Because severe toxicity developed in the group given 250 mg/kg, exposure of these animals was prematurely terminated after 42 doses and their recovery was monitored through a 6-month posttreatment period; decreased testis weights and only limited recovery of reproductive performance were observed. Exposure to 50 mg/kg resulted in moderate changes in sperm morphology and motility and moderate decreases in epididymal sperm counts in rats dosed for 31 or 79 days. However, these males remained fertile, litter size was unaffected, and no paternally mediated developmental defects were noted in their offspring. No effects on sperm quality were detected at dosages of 2 or 10 mg/kg. However, compared to controls, naturally bred DBAA-treated rats tended to have fewer inseminations, fewer copulatory plugs, and fewer multiple litters, suggesting that DBAA may have altered mating behavior at dosages as low as 10 mg/kg. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Linder, R E AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Strader, L F AU - Narotsky, M G AU - Suarez, J D AU - Roberts, N L AU - Perreault, S D AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 9 EP - 17 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - dibromoacetic acid KW - 631-64-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sperm Count -- drug effects KW - Sperm Head -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Spermatogenesis -- drug effects KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects KW - Sperm Head -- ultrastructure KW - Rats KW - Sexual Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Fertility -- drug effects KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Acetates -- toxicity KW - Spermatozoa -- ultrastructure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77787809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dibromoacetic+acid+affects+reproductive+competence+and+sperm+quality+in+the+male+rat.&rft.au=Linder%2C+R+E%3BKlinefelter%2C+G+R%3BStrader%2C+L+F%3BNarotsky%2C+M+G%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BRoberts%2C+N+L%3BPerreault%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-04 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic neurologic sequelae to cholinesterase inhibition among agricultural pesticide applicators. AN - 77774183; 8572722 AB - To test the hypothesis that chronic neurologic sequelae are associated with cholinesterase depression short of frank organophosphate poisoning, we compared 45 male subjects who had a history of moderate cholinesterase inhibition with 90 male subjects who had neither past cholinesterase inhibition nor current pesticide exposure. Cholinesterase-inhibited subjects were defined as having had a history of (a) red blood cell cholinesterase at 70% or less of baseline or (b) plasma cholinesterase at 60% or less of baseline absent symptoms of frank poisoning. In the subject comparison evaluation, only 1 of 27 neurologic tests (i.e., serial digit performance) was significant statistically, but it was opposite of the direction hypothesized. In a companion study for which the same battery of neurologic tests and the same subjects were used, neurologic sequelae were related to high exposures among subjects who sought treatment for organophosphate poisoning. The data in the current study, in which the subjects experienced lower exposures short of frank poisoning, provide some evidence that preventing acute organophosphate poisoning also prevents neurologic sequelae. JF - Archives of environmental health AU - Ames, R G AU - Steenland, K AU - Jenkins, B AU - Chrislip, D AU - Russo, J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Berkeley, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 440 EP - 444 VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0003-9896, 0003-9896 KW - Carbamates KW - 0 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Pesticides KW - methyl carbamate KW - 9WFX634X2T KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Neural Conduction -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- toxicity KW - Middle Aged KW - Neuropsychological Tests KW - Motor Skills KW - Male KW - Carbamates -- toxicity KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- blood KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Nervous System Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77774183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Chronic+neurologic+sequelae+to+cholinesterase+inhibition+among+agricultural+pesticide+applicators.&rft.au=Ames%2C+R+G%3BSteenland%2C+K%3BJenkins%2C+B%3BChrislip%2C+D%3BRusso%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ames&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.issn=00039896&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-14 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of nitrodibenzopyranones in the Salmonella plate-incorporation and microsuspension assays. AN - 77771887; 8524351 JF - Mutation research AU - Watanabe, T AU - Kohan, M J AU - Walsh, D AU - Ball, L M AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Lewtas, J AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 345 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Benzopyrans KW - 0 KW - Coumarins KW - Mutagens KW - 4-nitro-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one KW - 51640-90-5 KW - 2-nitro-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one KW - 6623-66-1 KW - 3-nitro-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one KW - 6638-64-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Coumarins -- toxicity KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Benzopyrans -- toxicity KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77771887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+nitrodibenzopyranones+in+the+Salmonella+plate-incorporation+and+microsuspension+assays.&rft.au=Watanabe%2C+T%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BWalsh%2C+D%3BBall%2C+L+M%3BDeMarini%2C+D+M%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Watanabe&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=345&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity and clastogenicity of 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) in L5178Y/TK+/(-)-3.7.2C mouse lymphoma cells. AN - 77740814; 8524361 AB - 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) was tested without exogenous activation in L5178Y/TK+/(-)-3.7.2C mouse lymphoma cells for mutation at the thymidine kinase locus and for clastogenicity. At a concentration of 0.75 micrograms/ml, the induced mutant frequency was 1027 per 10(6) survivors (survival = 11%). A concentration-related increase of large and small colony mutants was observed, but the majority of the MX induced mutants formed small colonies, consistent with the positive clastogenic response that was observed. MX primarily induced chromatid breaks and rearrangements (30 chromatid and 4 chromosome aberrations per 100 cells) at the 0.75 microgram/ml dose. These studies indicate that MX induces a broad spectrum of genetic damage. JF - Mutation research AU - Harrington-Brock, K AU - Doerr, C L AU - Moore, M M AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 105 EP - 110 VL - 348 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Furans KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Water Pollutants KW - 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone KW - 77439-76-0 KW - Thymidine Kinase KW - EC 2.7.1.21 KW - Index Medicus KW - Clone Cells KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Thymidine Kinase -- metabolism KW - CHO Cells KW - Mice KW - Lymphoma KW - Thymidine Kinase -- genetics KW - Cricetinae KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Furans -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77740814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+and+clastogenicity+of+3-chloro-4-%28dichloromethyl%29-5-hydroxy-2%285H%29-furanone+%28MX%29+in+L5178Y%2FTK%2B%2F%28-%29-3.7.2C+mouse+lymphoma+cells.&rft.au=Harrington-Brock%2C+K%3BDoerr%2C+C+L%3BMoore%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Harrington-Brock&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=348&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-23 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlation of physicochemical properties of alkylphenols with their graph-theoretical epsilon parameter. AN - 77707943; 8520930 AB - For a series of 40 alkylphenols, the graph-theoretical parameter epsilon correlates very closely with physicochemical parameters of interest in predicting environmental toxicity and fate, and especially with logKOW (r = 0.998). Possible uses of this correlation are discussed, along with needs for extending the epsilon parameter to other types of molecules. JF - Chemosphere AU - Cash, G G AD - Environmental Effects Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 4307 EP - 4315 VL - 31 IS - 10 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Phenols KW - Index Medicus KW - Software KW - Solubility KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Temperature KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Phenols -- chemistry KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77707943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Correlation+of+physicochemical+properties+of+alkylphenols+with+their+graph-theoretical+epsilon+parameter.&rft.au=Cash%2C+G+G&rft.aulast=Cash&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1254) reduces circulating thyroid hormone concentrations and causes hearing deficits in rats. AN - 77691192; 7482542 AB - Developmental hypothyroidism causes growth deficits, motor dysfunction, and hearing disorders in humans and animals. Therefore, environmental toxicants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), may secondarily affect these endpoints via thyrotoxicity. In this study, Long-Evans rats were given Aroclor 1254 (po), at 0, 1, 4, or 8 mg/kg from Gestation Day 6 through Postnatal Day (PND) 21. We evaluated the offspring at various age intervals for circulating thyroid hormone concentrations [thyroid-stimulating hormone, and free and total triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4)], body weight, eye opening, survival, motor activity development, auditory startle response, and auditory thresholds. Circulating T4 concentrations were sharply reduced in a dose-dependent fashion in PCB-exposed groups at PND 1, 7, 14, 21, and 30 but recovered to control levels by PND 45. Moderate reductions in T3 concentrations were apparent in the 4 and 8 mg/kg groups on PND 21 and 30. Deficits in body weight gain and early eye opening were apparent in the treated pups; by weaning, pup mortality was 20% in the 4 mg/kg group and 50% at the highest dose. Motor activity was also transiently reduced in 15 day old offspring from the 8 mg/kg group. At this dose, animals showed reduced auditory startle amplitudes at PND 24, but not when tested as adults. Importantly, Aroclor 1254 caused permanent auditory deficits (20-30 dB threshold shift) at the lowest frequency tested (1 kHz) in both the 4 and 8 mg/kg groups, whereas auditory thresholds were not significantly affected at higher frequencies (4, 16, 32, or 40 kHz). These data indicate that while some effects of Aroclor 1254 exposure are dissimilar to drug-induced hypothyroidism (e.g., age of eye opening), effects on hormone levels and body weight are comparable. Detection of auditory deficits in PCB-treated animals is a novel finding and may reflect the effects of thyroid hormone disruption on the development of the cochlea. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Goldey, E S AU - Kehn, L S AU - Lau, C AU - Rehnberg, G L AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 77 EP - 88 VL - 135 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Antithyroid Agents KW - 0 KW - Aroclors KW - Thyroid Hormones KW - Triiodothyronine KW - 06LU7C9H1V KW - Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) KW - 11097-69-1 KW - Thyrotropin KW - 9002-71-5 KW - Thyroxine KW - Q51BO43MG4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reflex, Startle -- drug effects KW - Audiometry KW - Triiodothyronine -- blood KW - Thyrotropin -- blood KW - Thyroxine -- blood KW - Hypothyroidism -- chemically induced KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Hypothyroidism -- physiopathology KW - Acoustic Stimulation KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Hearing Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Antithyroid Agents -- toxicity KW - Aroclors -- toxicity KW - Hearing Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Thyroid Hormones -- blood KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77691192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Developmental+exposure+to+polychlorinated+biphenyls+%28Aroclor+1254%29+reduces+circulating+thyroid+hormone+concentrations+and+causes+hearing+deficits+in+rats.&rft.au=Goldey%2C+E+S%3BKehn%2C+L+S%3BLau%2C+C%3BRehnberg%2C+G+L%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Goldey&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-12-19 N1 - Date created - 1995-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of developmental hypothyroidism on auditory and motor function in the rat. AN - 77688720; 7482541 AB - Deafness is a common result of severe hypothyroidism during development in humans and laboratory animals; however, little is known regarding the sensitivity of the auditory system to more moderate changes in thyroid hormone homeostasis. The current investigation compared the relative sensitivity of auditory function, motor function, and growth to the effects of moderate to severe perinatal hypothyroidism in the rat. Rats received propylthiouracil (PTU) in drinking water at concentrations of 0, 1, 5, and 25 ppm from Gestation Day 18 until postnatal day (PND) 21, and the effects on their offspring were evaluated. At 1 ppm, PTU did not affect any of the measured endpoints. Serum thyroxin concentrations were sharply reduced in the 5 and 25 ppm PTU groups at all ages sampled (PND 1, 7, 14, and 21). Marked reductions in serum triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were also detected for all ages > or = 7 at 25 ppm PTU, whereas no effects of 5 ppm PTU on serum T3 were apparent until PND 21. Compared to the controls, pups exposed to the highest dose of PTU demonstrated a delay in eye opening, reduced body weights, decreased and/or delayed preweaning motor activity, and persistent, postweaning hyperactivity. Only slight and transient effects on eye opening and ontogeny of motor activity were seen at the intermediate dose of PTU (5 ppm). Reflex modification audiometry revealed that, compared to controls, adult offspring from the 5 and 25 ppm treatment groups showed dose-dependent auditory threshold deficits (35 to > 50 dB) at all frequencies tested (1, 4, 16, 32, and 40 kHz). Such dose-dependent effects indicate that the developing auditory system may be sensitive to mild hypothyroidism, suggesting the possible need for routine audiometric screening for infants and children at risk for iodine deficiency, myxedema, and/or exposure to thyrotoxic environmental agents. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Goldey, E S AU - Kehn, L S AU - Rehnberg, G L AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 67 EP - 76 VL - 135 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Triiodothyronine KW - 06LU7C9H1V KW - Propylthiouracil KW - 721M9407IY KW - Thyroxine KW - Q51BO43MG4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Habituation, Psychophysiologic -- drug effects KW - Reflex, Startle -- drug effects KW - Audiometry KW - Triiodothyronine -- blood KW - Thyroxine -- blood KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Propylthiouracil -- toxicity KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Animals, Newborn -- growth & development KW - Female KW - Male KW - Hypothyroidism -- physiopathology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Acoustic Stimulation KW - Hypothyroidism -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77688720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+developmental+hypothyroidism+on+auditory+and+motor+function+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Goldey%2C+E+S%3BKehn%2C+L+S%3BRehnberg%2C+G+L%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Goldey&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-12-19 N1 - Date created - 1995-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) release from soil during treatment with Fenton's reagent AN - 52830077; 1996-049223 JF - Chemosphere (Oxford) AU - Kawahara, Fred K AU - Davila, Brunilda AU - Al-Abed, Souhail R AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Ireland, John C AU - Rock, Steve Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 4131 EP - 4142 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 31 IS - 9 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - creosote KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - chemical reactions KW - ion exchange KW - Ohio KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - benzene KW - clay minerals KW - organic compounds KW - reagents KW - incineration KW - industrial waste KW - hydrogen peroxide KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - sheet silicates KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52830077?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Polynuclear+aromatic+hydrocarbon+%28PAH%29+release+from+soil+during+treatment+with+Fenton%27s+reagent&rft.au=Kawahara%2C+Fred+K%3BDavila%2C+Brunilda%3BAl-Abed%2C+Souhail+R%3BVesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BIreland%2C+John+C%3BRock%2C+Steve&rft.aulast=Kawahara&rft.aufirst=Fred&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00456535 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CMSHAF N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; chemical reactions; chemical waste; clay minerals; creosote; hydrocarbons; hydrogen peroxide; incineration; industrial waste; ion exchange; monitoring; Ohio; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; reagents; remediation; sheet silicates; silicates; soil treatment; soils; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acid drainage from Tahoma Glacier, Mount Rainier, Washington AN - 52799878; 1996-063020 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Frank, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 651 EP - 652 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 76 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - Pierce County Washington KW - South Puyallup River KW - drainage KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - glaciers KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - volcanology KW - Cascade Range KW - Tahoma Glacier KW - ice KW - snow KW - Mount Rainier KW - volcanoes KW - acidification KW - acidic composition KW - west-central Washington KW - discharge KW - pH KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52799878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Acid+drainage+from+Tahoma+Glacier%2C+Mount+Rainier%2C+Washington&rft.au=Frank%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1995 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; Cascade Range; discharge; drainage; glaciers; hydrology; ice; meltwater; Mount Rainier; pH; Pierce County Washington; rivers and streams; snow; South Puyallup River; surface water; Tahoma Glacier; United States; volcanoes; volcanology; Washington; west-central Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leakage from the active hydrothermal system at Mount Rainier, Washington AN - 52794157; 1996-062972 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Frank, D AU - Realmuto, V J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 644 EP - 645 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 76 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - geologic hazards KW - Pierce County Washington KW - fumaroles KW - fluid phase KW - volcanology KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - Cascade Range KW - volcanic risk KW - geothermal systems KW - debris avalanches KW - Mount Rainier KW - mass movements KW - volcanoes KW - west-central Washington KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52794157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Leakage+from+the+active+hydrothermal+system+at+Mount+Rainier%2C+Washington&rft.au=Frank%2C+D%3BRealmuto%2C+V+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1995 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cascade Range; debris avalanches; fluid phase; fumaroles; geologic hazards; geothermal systems; hydrothermal conditions; mass movements; Mount Rainier; Pierce County Washington; remote sensing; United States; volcanic risk; volcanoes; volcanology; Washington; west-central Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategic moves; where can you put your waste? AN - 52604204; 1998-033883 JF - Pollution Engineering AU - Abbasi, Rafat A Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 36 EP - 39 PB - Cahners Publishing, Newton, MA VL - 27 IS - 12 SN - 0032-3640, 0032-3640 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - waste disposal KW - solid waste KW - National Environmental Policy Act KW - Corrective Action Management Unit KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52604204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pollution+Engineering&rft.atitle=Strategic+moves%3B+where+can+you+put+your+waste%3F&rft.au=Abbasi%2C+Rafat+A&rft.aulast=Abbasi&rft.aufirst=Rafat&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pollution+Engineering&rft.issn=00323640&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Corrective Action Management Unit; decontamination; ground water; hazardous waste; National Environmental Policy Act; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; regulations; remediation; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; solid waste; United States; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An adaptive zooming and peak capturing algorithm to solve nonlinear subsurface transport problems with moving fronts AN - 52117472; 2002-038429 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Cheng, Hwai-Ping AU - Short, Thomas E AU - Enfield, Carl AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 262 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 76 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - solute transport KW - errors KW - chemical reactions KW - pollutants KW - mathematical methods KW - equations KW - algorithms KW - fluid dynamics KW - accuracy KW - aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52117472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=An+adaptive+zooming+and+peak+capturing+algorithm+to+solve+nonlinear+subsurface+transport+problems+with+moving+fronts&rft.au=Yeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BCheng%2C+Hwai-Ping%3BShort%2C+Thomas+E%3BEnfield%2C+Carl%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yeh&rft.aufirst=Gour-Tsyh&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1995 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; algorithms; aquifers; chemical reactions; equations; errors; fluid dynamics; mathematical methods; pollutants; solute transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeomorphic factors affecting black cottonwood regeneration along the Willamette River, Oregon AN - 52115095; 2002-038494 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Dykaaar, B AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 271 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 76 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - human activity KW - floodplains KW - landform evolution KW - surface water KW - agriculture KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - Oregon KW - fluvial features KW - ecology KW - Willamette River KW - land use KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52115095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Hydrogeomorphic+factors+affecting+black+cottonwood+regeneration+along+the+Willamette+River%2C+Oregon&rft.au=Dykaaar%2C+B%3BWigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dykaaar&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1995 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; changes; ecology; ecosystems; floodplains; fluvial features; forests; human activity; hydrology; land use; landform evolution; Oregon; surface water; United States; vegetation; Willamette River ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relation of streamwater chemistry to hydrologic and geochemical controls in four small forested watersheds on Catoctin Mountain in north-central Maryland AN - 52114925; 2002-038424 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Rice, K C AU - Bricker, O P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 260 EP - 261 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 76 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - metaigneous rocks KW - forests KW - Catoctin Mountain KW - bedrock KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - sulfate ion KW - stream transport KW - metabasalt KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - bicarbonate ion KW - hydrochemistry KW - metamorphic rocks KW - seasonal variations KW - Maryland KW - Frederick County Maryland KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52114925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Relation+of+streamwater+chemistry+to+hydrologic+and+geochemical+controls+in+four+small+forested+watersheds+on+Catoctin+Mountain+in+north-central+Maryland&rft.au=Rice%2C+K+C%3BBricker%2C+O+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1995 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; bicarbonate ion; Catoctin Mountain; concentration; forests; Frederick County Maryland; hydrochemistry; Maryland; metabasalt; metaigneous rocks; metamorphic rocks; seasonal variations; stream transport; sulfate ion; surface water; United States; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of embryo tests for determining effects of fungal pest control agents on nontarget aquatic animals AN - 15807400; 4000888 AB - Developing embryos of the inland silverside fish, Menidia beryllina, and grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, were exposed to conidiospores of the fungal weed control agent, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides f. sp. aeschynomene and the entomopathogen, Metarhizium anisopliae. Only Metarhizium anisopliae caused significant (p less than or equal to 0.05) mortalities in the exposed embryos. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides did, however, cause fatal infections in adults when conidia were injected into the peritoneum of fish or the hemocoel of shrimp. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Genthner, F J AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Foss, S S AD - US EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 540 EP - 544 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Colletotrichum gloeosporioides KW - Menidia beryllina KW - Metarhizium anisopliae KW - Palaemonetes pugio KW - aquatic animals KW - aquatic weed control KW - biological control KW - developmental stages KW - embryonic growth stage KW - embryos KW - fish KW - nontarget organisms KW - pest control KW - plant control KW - pollution effects KW - shrimp KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - toxicology KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - fungicides KW - Freshwater KW - A 01014:Others KW - K 03099:Pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15807400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Validation+of+embryo+tests+for+determining+effects+of+fungal+pest+control+agents+on+nontarget+aquatic+animals&rft.au=Genthner%2C+F+J%3BMiddaugh%2C+D+P%3BFoss%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Genthner&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=540&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biological control; embryos; pest control; aquatic animals; plant control; fish; toxicology; toxicity tests; developmental stages; fungicides; pollution effects; toxicity testing; nontarget organisms; aquatic weed control; water pollution effects; shrimp; embryonic growth stage; Menidia beryllina; Palaemonetes pugio; Colletotrichum gloeosporioides; Metarhizium anisopliae; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The occurrence of arsenic in private water wells in Montgomery County, Ohio AN - 913702312; 2012-011070 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Bendula, Richard A AU - Vandike, James E AU - Imes, Jeffrey L AU - Meyer, David AU - Cawlfield, Jeff Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 22 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 40 KW - United States KW - limestone KW - bedrock KW - concentration KW - Montgomery County Ohio KW - pollutants KW - Paleozoic KW - herbicides KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - Silurian KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - dolomite KW - sedimentary rocks KW - metals KW - pesticides KW - carbonate rocks KW - water wells KW - carbonates KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/913702312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=The+occurrence+of+arsenic+in+private+water+wells+in+Montgomery+County%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Bendula%2C+Richard+A%3BVandike%2C+James+E%3BImes%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BMeyer%2C+David%3BCawlfield%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Bendula&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 40th annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; arsenic; bedrock; carbonate rocks; carbonates; concentration; dolomite; drinking water; ground water; herbicides; limestone; metals; Montgomery County Ohio; Ohio; Paleozoic; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; sedimentary rocks; Silurian; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A thumbnail sketch of the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency's ground water quality assessment program AN - 913702288; 2012-011068 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Bamberger, Mark J W AU - Vandike, James E AU - Imes, Jeffrey L AU - Meyer, David AU - Cawlfield, Jeff Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 20 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 40 KW - United States KW - protection KW - water quality KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - water wells KW - geochemistry KW - drinking water KW - Ohio KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/913702288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=A+thumbnail+sketch+of+the+Ohio+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+ground+water+quality+assessment+program&rft.au=Bamberger%2C+Mark+J+W%3BVandike%2C+James+E%3BImes%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BMeyer%2C+David%3BCawlfield%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Bamberger&rft.aufirst=Mark+J&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 40th annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; drinking water; geochemistry; ground water; monitoring; Ohio; programs; protection; United States; water quality; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactive cytotoxicities of selected organic and inorganic substances to brown cells of Mercenaria mercenaria. AN - 77856254; 8608407 AB - Toxicities of binary mixtures of Cu2+, Cd2+, benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] and N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) were screened using the in vitro neutral red (NR) assay to test the hypothesis that combined toxicity is more than or less than additive relative to the influence of each mixture constituent on toxicant uptake and brown cell lysosomal membrane stability. Significant cytotoxicity was observed at 25 mumol/L Cu2+, 500 mumol/L Cd2+ and 25 mumol/L NEM. B(a)P at 12 mumol/L exerted no toxicity under the conditions of the assay. Interactions between Cu2+ and NEM, between Cd2+ and NEM, and between Cd2+ and B(a)P significantly influenced brown cell survival. Comparison of observed joint toxicity with estimates made using a model of independent joint action indicates that interactive effects are less than additive in character. The 3-way interaction involving Cu2+, B(a)P, and NEM also affected brown cell survival to a statistically significant degree. However, the interactive cytotoxicity of this mixture is attributable mainly to the combined effect of Cu2+ and NEM. Results also indicate that new hypothesis and additional experimentation are needed to understand the interactive toxicity of mixture constituents. JF - Cell biology and toxicology AU - Zaroogian, G AU - Voyer, R A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 263 EP - 271 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 0742-2091, 0742-2091 KW - Cytotoxins KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Neutral Red KW - 261QK3SSBH KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - Ethylmaleimide KW - O3C74ACM9V KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Cytotoxins -- toxicity KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Cell Death -- drug effects KW - Bivalvia -- cytology KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- toxicity KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Ethylmaleimide -- toxicity KW - Copper -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77856254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+biology+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Interactive+cytotoxicities+of+selected+organic+and+inorganic+substances+to+brown+cells+of+Mercenaria+mercenaria.&rft.au=Zaroogian%2C+G%3BVoyer%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Zaroogian&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+biology+and+toxicology&rft.issn=07422091&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-28 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Holistic risk assessment: an emerging process for environmental decisions. AN - 77812796; 8577946 AB - A holistic risk assessment (HRA) strategy is proposed as an alternative, inclusive paradigm which builds upon the traditional risk assessment process described by the National Academy of Sciences. This proposed process expands beyond the traditional process in that it: (i) includes parallel and integrated assessments for ecological risk and human health risks; (ii) recognizes the presence of competing risks that may arise from implementation of risk management decisions; (iii) is an iterative and nonsequential process that highlights the importance of risk characterization and the need for comparisons; (iv) has focus on presenting a series of risk choices that take into consideration parameters specific to exposed populations and ecosystems; and (v) involves communication as the first step between risk assessors and risk managers, with subsequent communication of the results of the assessment to clients and the public. This HRA strategy is illustrated by a case study on methyl mercury. Specific research is proposed for future improvements in this area. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Harvey, T AU - Mahaffey, K R AU - Velazquez, S AU - Dourson, M AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment-CIN, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 110 EP - 117 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Risk Management KW - Mercury -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Holistic Health KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77812796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Holistic+risk+assessment%3A+an+emerging+process+for+environmental+decisions.&rft.au=Harvey%2C+T%3BMahaffey%2C+K+R%3BVelazquez%2C+S%3BDourson%2C+M&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-14 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental effects of dioxins. AN - 77803237; 8593882 AB - The potent developmental toxicity of dioxin in multiple species has been known for a number of years. However, recent studies have indicated that dioxin also induces functional developmental defects, many of which are delayed. Subtle structural deficits, not detectable at birth, have also been described in multiple species and in both sexes. Certain defects have been reported not only in animals but also in children prenatally exposed to complex mixtures containing dioxinlike compounds. None of the effects can be attributed to modulation of any one endocrine system. For example, dioxin does not bind to the estrogen receptor, but it can cause effects that are both estrogenic and antiestrogenic. However, viewing dioxin and related compounds as endocrine disruptors that may alter multiple pathways sheds some light on the complexities of this potent class of growth dysregulators. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 89 EP - 94 VL - 103 Suppl 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Dioxins -- adverse effects KW - Dioxins -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77803237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Developmental+effects+of+dioxins.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-04-09 N1 - Date created - 1996-04-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Jun 15;84(1):115-24 [3715858] Teratology. 1986 Feb;33(1):29-35 [3738807] Teratology. 1987 Jun;35(3):329-34 [3629513] Teratology. 1987 Jun;35(3):335-44 [3629514] Science. 1988 May 13;240(4854):889-95 [3283939] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jun;85(12):4128-32 [3380784] Mol Pharmacol. 1989 Jan;35(1):18-25 [2783621] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 May;98(3):487-500 [2718176] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Jun 15;99(2):276-86 [2734791] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Jun 15;99(2):287-301 [2734792] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Aug;100(1):119-31 [2763295] Teratology. 1990 Jan;41(1):71-84 [2305375] Toxicology. 1990 Apr 30;61(3):249-57 [2109905] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1990;30:251-77 [2188570] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1990 Jul;15(1):142-50 [2373295] J Biol Chem. 1990 Aug 25;265(24):14648-53 [2387873] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Dec;106(3):418-32 [2260090] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Mar 1;107(3):413-28 [2000632] Teratology. 1991 Feb;43(2):119-32 [2014478] Mol Pharmacol. 1991 Apr;39(4):495-501 [1850092] Teratology. 1990 Dec;42(6):597-610 [2087681] Teratology. 1990 Dec;42(6):619-27 [2087682] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Jun 1;109(1):85-97 [1645482] FASEB J. 1991 Dec;5(15):3092-9 [1743440] Pharmacol Toxicol. 1991 Dec;69(6):400-9 [1766914] Pharmacol Toxicol. 1991 Dec;69(6):427-32 [1766918] Teratology. 1992 Jan;45(1):35-53 [1731395] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Feb;112(2):207-13 [1531708] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Apr;113(2):284-92 [1561637] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Apr 15;184(1):246-53 [1314586] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):118-26 [1585364] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):97-107 [1585378] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Sep 1;89(17):8185-9 [1325649] Dev Biol. 1992 Dec;154(2):318-30 [1385235] JAMA. 1992 Dec 9;268(22):3213-8 [1433761] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Nov 15;89(22):10974-8 [1279700] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Nov 30;189(1):59-65 [1280431] Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Jan 11;21(1):119-25 [8382788] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 May 28;679:195-210 [8512183] Reprod Toxicol. 1993 May-Jun;7(3):255-61 [8318757] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 15;90(14):6839-43 [8341706] J Biochem Toxicol. 1993 Jun;8(2):71-81 [8355262] J Biochem Toxicol. 1993 Jun;8(2):89-99 [8394938] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1993;23(3):283-335 [8260069] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994 Jan;41(1):83-93 [8277528] Pharmacogenetics. 1993 Oct;3(5):213-30 [8287061] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Jan;124(1):82-90 [8291065] J Biol Chem. 1994 Mar 4;269(9):6949-54 [8120057] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Nov;101(6):504-8 [8137779] Qual Assur. 1991 Oct;1(1):70-81 [1669971] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Dec;101(7):618-20 [8143594] Dev Med Child Neurol. 1994 Apr;36(4):312-20 [8157153] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1994;24(1):1-74 [8172651] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 May;126(1):16-25 [8184424] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Aug;127(2):241-9 [8048067] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Aug;127(2):258-67 [8048069] Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):215-24 [8053917] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Sep;128(1):138-50 [8079347] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Mar;131(1):108-18 [7878665] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Nov;102 Suppl 9:157-67 [7698077] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):108-17 [1585363] Biochem Pharmacol. 1979 Jun 15;28(12):1865-77 [454458] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Feb;59:5-10 [3921364] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Jun 15;79(1):99-111 [4049410] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental expression of two members of a new class of transcription factors: II. Expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator in the C57BL/6N mouse embryo. AN - 77782605; 8589438 AB - The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and the AhR nuclear translocator protein (ARNT) are basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) proteins involved in transcriptional regulation. The AhR is a ligand-activated partner of the ARNT protein. Both proteins are required to transcriptionally regulate gene expression. ARNT must be complexed to AhR to permit binding to the regulatory DNA sequence. The AhR-ligand complex is known to mediate a range of biological responses, such as developmental toxicity, induction of cleft palate, and hydronephrosis. AhR and ARNT are expressed in human embryonic palatal cells and AhR was recently shown to have a specific developmental pattern of expression in the mouse embryo. In the present study, expression of ARNT is characterized in C57Bl/6N mouse embryos from gestation day (GD) 10-16 using immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. Af affinity purified antibody against human ARNT (1.1 micrograms/ml) was detected with an avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex. ARNT mRNA was localized with a 35S-RNA probe from pBM5/NEO-M1-1. Specific spatial and temporal patterns of ARNT expression emerged and mRNA and protein expression correlated. The GD 10-11 embryos showed highest levels of ARNT in neuroepithelial cells of the neural tube, visceral arches, otic and optic placodes, and preganglionic complexes. The heart also had significant expression of ARNT with strong nuclear localization. After GD11, expression in heart and brain declined. In GD 12-13 embryos expression was highest in the liver where expression increased from GD 12-16. At GD 15-16 the highest levels of ARNT occurred in adrenal gland and liver, although ARNT was also detected in submandibular gland, ectoderm, tongue, bone, and muscle. In all of these tissues ARNT was cytoplasmic as well as nuclear, except in some of the cortical adrenal cells in which ARNT was strongly cytoplasmic with little or no nuclear localization. These specific patterns of ARNT expression, which differ in certain tissues from the expression of AhR, suggest that ARNT may have additional roles in normal embryonic development. JF - Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists AU - Abbott, B D AU - Probst, M R AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 144 EP - 155 VL - 204 IS - 2 SN - 1058-8388, 1058-8388 KW - ARNT protein, human KW - 0 KW - Arnt protein, mouse KW - DNA-Binding Proteins KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Transcription Factors KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator KW - 138391-32-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Gestational Age KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Transcription Factors -- metabolism KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- genetics KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- physiology KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- metabolism KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- metabolism KW - Transcription Factors -- genetics KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77782605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developmental+dynamics+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+American+Association+of+Anatomists&rft.atitle=Developmental+expression+of+two+members+of+a+new+class+of+transcription+factors%3A+II.+Expression+of+aryl+hydrocarbon+receptor+nuclear+translocator+in+the+C57BL%2F6N+mouse+embryo.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BProbst%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=144&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developmental+dynamics+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+American+Association+of+Anatomists&rft.issn=00367273&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors affecting flow cytometric detection of apoptotic nuclei by DNA analysis. AN - 77775813; 8582237 AB - Apoptotic thymocyte nuclei normally appear on a flow cytometric DNA histogram as a subdiploid peak. We observed that addition of a specific RNase A preparation to the detergent-based lysing buffer increased the fluorescence of toxicant-induced apoptotic nuclei to the level of untreated diploid nuclei. The chelating agent EDTA partially inhibited the RNase effect, suggesting contaminating divalent cations may have been involved. Moreover, spectrofluorometric analysis revealed that addition of RNase or divalent cations decreased the amount of DNA present in the lysate. This suggested that the upscale fluorescence shift was due to a decrease in the ability of the lysing buffer to extract DNA, possibly as a result of cation-induced chromatin condensation, rather than increased accessibility of fluorochrome binding sites due to apoptotic degeneration. Moreover, during a 16-h culture, we observed a similar, but time-dependent, upscale shift in the fluorescence of thymocytes undergoing apoptosis either spontaneously or as a result of exposure to 1 microM tributyltin methoxide (TBT), 2% ethanol, 2% methanol, or 1 microM dexamethasone phosphate (DEX). This commonality of effect suggests that a similar magnitude of chromatin reorganization occurs in apoptotic cells in prolonged culture regardless of the method of apoptotic induction. These findings should alert investigators to potential inaccuracies in the flow cytometric quantitation of apoptosis in in vitro systems employing prolonged toxicant exposures or complex lysing cocktails that may contain active contaminants. JF - Cytometry AU - Elstein, K H AU - Thomas, D J AU - Zucker, R M AD - Developmental Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/10/01/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Oct 01 SP - 170 EP - 176 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0196-4763, 0196-4763 KW - Chelating Agents KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Magnesium Chloride KW - 02F3473H9O KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Edetic Acid KW - 9G34HU7RV0 KW - Ribonuclease, Pancreatic KW - EC 3.1.27.5 KW - Calcium Chloride KW - M4I0D6VV5M KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Male KW - T-Lymphocytes -- ultrastructure KW - Apoptosis KW - Cell Nucleus -- ultrastructure KW - DNA -- analysis KW - T-Lymphocytes -- physiology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Flow Cytometry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77775813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cytometry&rft.atitle=Factors+affecting+flow+cytometric+detection+of+apoptotic+nuclei+by+DNA+analysis.&rft.au=Elstein%2C+K+H%3BThomas%2C+D+J%3BZucker%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Elstein&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=170&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cytometry&rft.issn=01964763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectrum of cigarette smoke condensate in Salmonella: comparison to mutations in smoking-associated tumors. AN - 77586787; 7586163 AB - We used colony probe hybridization and polymerase chain reaction/DNA sequence analysis to determine the mutations in approximately 1600 revertants of Salmonella induced by cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) in the presence of S9. CSC induced approximately 80% GC-->TA transversions and approximately 20% GC-->AT transitions at the base-substitution allele (hisG46) in strain TA100. This spectrum was similar to those of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) benzo[alpha]pyrene and various aromatic amines such as 4-aminobiphenyl and Glu-P-1, all of which are present in CSC. This spectrum was also similar to that produced by PAHs in other bacteria, mammalian cells, and rodents as well as to that of the p53 gene in lung tumors from smokers. The results in Salmonella are consistent with a role for the PAH component of cigarette smoke in the base-substitution specificity found in the p53 gene of smoking-associated lung tumors. At the frameshift allele in strains TA1538 and TA98, CSC induced only a hotspot 2-base deletion, which is a mutation spectrum that is identical to that induced by the heterocyclic amine pyrolysate products of amino acids, such as Glu-P-1. This is consistent with bioassay-directed fractionation studies showing that aromatic amines account for most of the frameshift specificity of CSC in Salmonella. Rodent and human studies indicate that aromatic amines are responsible for smoking-associated bladder cancer. Repeated freezing and thawing of the CSC samples changed the chemical composition of the mixtures as evidenced by the production of an altered mutation spectrum. This emphasizes the necessity of proper storage and handling of labile complex mixtures. This study (i) confirms our previous studies showing that the mutation spectrum of a complex mixture reflects the dominance of one or a few classes of chemical mutagens within the mixture, and (ii) illustrates the potential of bioassay-directed molecular analysis for identifying the chemical classes in a complex mixture that are responsible for specific classes of mutation and tumor types produced by the mixture. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Shelton, M L AU - Levine, J G AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 2535 EP - 2542 VL - 16 IS - 10 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - Mutagens KW - Smoke KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Index Medicus KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Alleles KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Biotransformation KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Species Specificity KW - Sequence Deletion KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - DNA, Bacterial -- chemistry KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- pharmacology KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - DNA, Bacterial -- drug effects KW - Mutagenesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77586787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectrum+of+cigarette+smoke+condensate+in+Salmonella%3A+comparison+to+mutations+in+smoking-associated+tumors.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BLevine%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-28 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiation of carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity by inhaled methanol: time course of injury and recovery. AN - 77536074; 7563218 AB - Increases in the use of methanol (MeOH) as a transportation fuel would result in greater potential for inhalation exposure. Because oral exposure to MeOH potentiates the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), we examined the ability of inhaled MeOH to potentiate CCl4 hepatotoxicity and the time course of injury and recovery. Adult male F-344 rats were exposed to 0 or to 10,000 ppm MeOH by inhalation for 6 h and gavaged with 0.075 ml CCl4/kg 24 h later. Hepatotoxicity was assessed 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 61 d after CCl4 exposure. For CCl4 alone, hepatotoxicity was most severe at 0.5 and 1 d, when minimal centrilobular hepatocellular necrosis and predominately mild centrilobular hepatocellular vacuolar degeneration occurred. By d 3, the livers from the CCl4 rats were histologically normal. For MeOH+CCl4, peak severity of hepatic injury was at 1 and 1.5 d, when moderate centrilobular necrosis and moderate/marked centrilobular degeneration occurred. MeOH+CCl4 resulted in serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) that were increased, relative to CCl4 alone, 171- and 113-fold, respectively, on d 1, and 166- and 140-fold, respectively, on d 1.5. Significant serum elevations in MeOH+CCl4 rats, relative to CCl4 alone rats, were present until d 7 and d 15 for AST and ALT, respectively. By d 3 and d 7, degeneration and necrosis, respectively, due to MeOH+CCl4 were essentially resolved. On d 7, the MeOH+CCl4 hepatic injury consisted mainly of chronic inflammation and centrilobular fibrosis. By d 30, the livers of MeOH+CCl4 rats were histologically normal. These data demonstrate that inhaled MeOH potentiates the hepatotoxicity of orally ingested CCl4, increasing the severity of CCl4 hepatotoxicity as well as the time required for recovery. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Simmons, J E AU - McDonald, A AU - Seely, J C AU - Sey, Y M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 203 EP - 216 VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Drug Synergism KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77536074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Potentiation+of+carbon+tetrachloride+hepatotoxicity+by+inhaled+methanol%3A+time+course+of+injury+and+recovery.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E%3BMcDonald%2C+A%3BSeely%2C+J+C%3BSey%2C+Y+M&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-13 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating human exposure to selected motor vehicle pollutants using the NEM series of models: lessons to be learned. AN - 75515939; 8938248 AB - This paper reviews the use of exposure modeling by the Ambient Standards Branch (ASB) of EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. The Branch uses exposure assessments to evaluate health risks associated with attainment of alternative National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). This paper examines the history of the NAAQS Exposure Model (NEM) and probabilistic NEM (pNEM) models and the role that they have played in NAAQS reviews of lead, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and oxygen. Trends in how the following substantive issues were addressed in the NEM series of models are reviewed: (1) exposure and dose metrics; (2) microenvironmental (mu e) concentration estimation; and (3) human activity and breathing rate simulation. In response to an outside peer review of its recent exposure assessments, ASB is deemphasizing modeling the entire population in favor of limited modeling of narrowly defined "sensitive groups." In addition, ASB increasingly is focusing its exposure assessments on those human activities that lead to high intake dose, or high intake dose rate. Examples are provided that highlight these changes in emphasis. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - McCurdy, T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 533 EP - 550 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - 0 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Nitrogen Dioxide KW - S7G510RUBH KW - Index Medicus KW - Carbon Monoxide -- pharmacology KW - Regression Analysis KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- analysis KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - Pulmonary Ventilation -- physiology KW - Carbon Monoxide -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Stochastic Processes KW - Ozone -- pharmacology KW - Algorithms KW - Child KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- pharmacology KW - Exercise -- physiology KW - Adult KW - Lead -- pharmacology KW - Time Factors KW - Lead -- analysis KW - Female KW - Male KW - Models, Biological KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75515939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Estimating+human+exposure+to+selected+motor+vehicle+pollutants+using+the+NEM+series+of+models%3A+lessons+to+be+learned.&rft.au=McCurdy%2C+T&rft.aulast=McCurdy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human exposure assessment: the birth of a new science. AN - 75492886; 8938244 AB - I am honored to have been selected to receive the 1995 Weselowski Award for Career Achievement in Exposure Assessment. When I think back to my friendship with Jerry Weselowski, I remember our discussions in 1991 about the need to define exposure rigorously and quantitatively. In fact, I sent Jerry a letter on that topic--the quantitative definition of exposure--on November 7, 1991. I think it is fitting, therefore, that I select one of the topics in my talk today from that letter. Jerry always welcomed full and open scientific debate and discussion, and I feel that the need to define exposure and to understand what it means is a topic of great importance in exposure assessment. I also want to offer some observations about the importance of our field for the public and the regulatory community and to suggest the directions that exposure assessment might take as it evolves as a profession. Finally, I hope to provide an up-to-date listing of some selected scientific papers that are relevant to our field. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Ott, W R AD - National Environmental Exposure Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 449 EP - 472 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Index Medicus KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Terminology as Topic KW - Health Education KW - Models, Biological KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Exposure -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75492886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Human+exposure+assessment%3A+the+birth+of+a+new+science.&rft.au=Ott%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Ott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of the potential adverse properties of fluorescent tracer dyes used for groundwater tracing AN - 52479871; 1999-037712 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Field, Malcolm S AU - Wilhelm, Ronald G AU - Quinlan, James F AU - Aley, Thomas J Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 75 EP - 96 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - medical geology KW - dye tracers KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - solubility KW - ground water KW - bioaccumulation KW - aquifers KW - carcinogens KW - toxicity KW - fluorescence KW - chemical properties KW - hydrodynamics KW - risk assessment KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52479871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+the+potential+adverse+properties+of+fluorescent+tracer+dyes+used+for+groundwater+tracing&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S%3BWilhelm%2C+Ronald+G%3BQuinlan%2C+James+F%3BAley%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bioaccumulation; carcinogens; chemical composition; chemical properties; concentration; degradation; dye tracers; fluorescence; ground water; hydrodynamics; medical geology; migration of elements; monitoring; pollution; risk assessment; solubility; toxic materials; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory strategies for remediation of contaminated sediments AN - 50923589; 1999-031595 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Zar, Howard A2 - Demars, Kenneth R. A2 - Richardson, Gregory N. A2 - Yong, Raymond N. A2 - Chaney, Ronald C. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 319 EP - 328 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1293 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - regulations KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - dredging KW - decontamination KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Great Lakes KW - Wisconsin KW - Ohio KW - North America KW - Minnesota KW - Illinois KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - preventive measures KW - dredged materials KW - aquifers KW - planning KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50923589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=Regulatory+strategies+for+remediation+of+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Zar%2C+Howard&rft.aulast=Zar&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=1293&rft.issue=&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=0803120281&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Dredging, remediation, and containment of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; decision-making; decontamination; dredged materials; dredging; Great Lakes; ground water; Illinois; Indiana; legislation; Michigan; Minnesota; North America; Ohio; planning; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; regulations; remediation; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; sediments; Superfund; United States; waste management; water quality; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - State of the art; CDF contaminant pathway control AN - 50921186; 1999-031586 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Richardson, G N AU - Petrovski, David M AU - Chaney, R C AU - Demars, K R A2 - Demars, Kenneth R. A2 - Richardson, Gregory N. A2 - Yong, Raymond N. A2 - Chaney, Ronald C. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 195 EP - 219 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1293 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - Great Lakes region KW - regulations KW - rivers and streams KW - waste disposal sites KW - bioavailability KW - ground water KW - dredging KW - transport KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - leachate KW - particulate materials KW - mobility KW - North America KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - infiltration KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50921186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=State+of+the+art%3B+CDF+contaminant+pathway+control&rft.au=Richardson%2C+G+N%3BPetrovski%2C+David+M%3BChaney%2C+R+C%3BDemars%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=1293&rft.issue=&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=0803120281&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Dredging, remediation, and containment of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bioavailability; drainage basins; dredging; effluents; Great Lakes region; ground water; infiltration; leachate; migration of elements; mobility; monitoring; North America; particulate materials; pollutants; pollution; regulations; rivers and streams; sediments; toxic materials; transport; waste disposal sites; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of bathymetry for sediment characterization at Indiana harbor AN - 50919619; 1999-031575 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Petrovski, David M A2 - Demars, Kenneth R. A2 - Richardson, Gregory N. A2 - Yong, Raymond N. A2 - Chaney, Ronald C. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 40 EP - 49 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1293 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - North America KW - concentration KW - Lake County Indiana KW - Global Positioning System KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - dredging KW - Lake Michigan KW - toxicity KW - decontamination KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - industrial waste KW - Great Lakes KW - bathymetry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50919619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=Use+of+bathymetry+for+sediment+characterization+at+Indiana+harbor&rft.au=Petrovski%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Petrovski&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=1293&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=0803120281&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Dredging, remediation, and containment of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; chemical waste; concentration; decontamination; dredging; Global Positioning System; Great Lakes; hazardous waste; Indiana; industrial waste; Lake County Indiana; Lake Michigan; monitoring; North America; pollutants; pollution; sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field demonstrations of sediment treatment technologies by the USEPA's Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments (ARCS) program AN - 50918457; 1999-031582 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Garbaciak, Stephen, Jr AU - Miller, Jan A A2 - Demars, Kenneth R. A2 - Richardson, Gregory N. A2 - Yong, Raymond N. A2 - Chaney, Ronald C. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 145 EP - 154 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1293 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - desorption KW - Buffalo River KW - reclamation KW - PCBs KW - remediation KW - Ashtabula River KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - depositional environment KW - Wisconsin KW - Grand Calumet River KW - programs KW - North America KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - thermal properties KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - lacustrine environment KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50918457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=Field+demonstrations+of+sediment+treatment+technologies+by+the+USEPA%27s+Assessment+and+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments+%28ARCS%29+program&rft.au=Garbaciak%2C+Stephen%2C+Jr%3BMiller%2C+Jan+A&rft.aulast=Garbaciak&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=1293&rft.issue=&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=0803120281&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Dredging, remediation, and containment of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ashtabula River; biodegradation; Buffalo River; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; depositional environment; desorption; drainage basins; Grand Calumet River; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; lacustrine environment; New York; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; programs; reclamation; remediation; risk assessment; Saginaw River; sediments; thermal properties; United States; water quality; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Zinc deficiency causes apoptosis but not cell cycle alterations in organogenesis-stage rat embryos: effect of varying duration of deficiency. AN - 77859007; 8638255 AB - Zinc deficiency is teratogenic in all species in which it has been examined. Zinc is an essential component of enzymes involved in DNA synthesis and cell proliferation, and may play an as yet undetermined role in apoptosis. To further our understanding of the role of zinc in normal development, we examined cell death and cell cycle parameters in embryos of pregnant rats fed a zinc-deficient diet for 2 to 10 days (0.5 microgram zinc/g diet; zinc-adequate diet was 25 micrograms zinc/g). To elucidate sensitive periods of development and susceptible cell populations, dams were fed the zinc-deficient diet from gestation day 1, 3, 7, or 9 and killed on day 11. Embryos were examined for morphology and developmental stage. From each litter, 2-3 embryos were stained with Nile blue sulfate (NBS) to visualize cell death, 3 embryos were frozen for flow cytometric cell cycle analysis and cell counts, and selected embryos were preserved for histological examination. Dams fed the zinc-deficient diet for more than 3 days reduced their food intake through gestation day 8 but increased food intake on day 9. Maternal plasma zinc dropped to 10-25% of control levels in the zinc-deficient groups. Zinc deficiency from gestation day 1 or 3 resulted in two categories of affected litters on day 11. One category had embryos which were morphologically normal but displayed extensive NBS staining in the visceral arches, neural tube, and somites. The second category had developmentally retarded or maldeveloped embryos which showed little NBS staining. Zinc deficiency from gestation day 7 produced cell death in the posterior dorsal midline in the area of premigratory neural crest cells, which was confirmed by histological examination. Zinc deficiency from gestation day 9 did not affect morphology or NBS staining. Percentages of cells in the G0/G1, S, and G2M phases of the cell cycle on gestation day 11, determined by flow cytometry, were similar to controls in all groups. This study shows that as few as 4 days of maternal zinc deficiency can produce excess embryonal cell death, and that neural crest cells may be particularly sensitive. JF - Teratology AU - Rogers, J M AU - Taubeneck, M W AU - Daston, G P AU - Sulik, K K AU - Zucker, R M AU - Elstein, K H AU - Jankowski, M A AU - Keen, C L AD - Developmental Biology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 149 EP - 159 VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Trace Elements KW - 0 KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Eating -- physiology KW - Fetal Viability KW - Body Weight -- physiology KW - Cell Survival KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Neural Crest -- pathology KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Pregnancy Complications -- physiopathology KW - Trace Elements -- blood KW - Zinc -- administration & dosage KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- abnormalities KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Zinc -- blood KW - Zinc -- deficiency KW - Cell Cycle -- drug effects KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77859007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Zinc+deficiency+causes+apoptosis+but+not+cell+cycle+alterations+in+organogenesis-stage+rat+embryos%3A+effect+of+varying+duration+of+deficiency.&rft.au=Rogers%2C+J+M%3BTaubeneck%2C+M+W%3BDaston%2C+G+P%3BSulik%2C+K+K%3BZucker%2C+R+M%3BElstein%2C+K+H%3BJankowski%2C+M+A%3BKeen%2C+C+L&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticides--the NAS report: how can the recommendations be implemented? AN - 77782262; 8549466 JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Fenner-Crisp, P A AD - Office of Pesticide Programs (7501C), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 159 EP - 162 VL - 103 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Infant KW - Information Systems KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - Food Analysis KW - Food Handling KW - Food Contamination KW - National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) KW - Child KW - Diet KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Pesticide Residues -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77782262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Pesticides--the+NAS+report%3A+how+can+the+recommendations+be+implemented%3F&rft.au=Fenner-Crisp%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Fenner-Crisp&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Associations between criteria air pollutants and asthma. AN - 77780864; 8549479 AB - The evidence that asthma is increasing in prevalence is becoming increasingly compelling. This trend has been demonstrated not only in the United States, but also in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Australia, and several other Western countries. In the United States, the increase is largest in the group under 18 years of age. There is mounting evidence that certain environmental air pollutants are involved in exacerbating asthma. This is based primarily on epidemiologic studies and more recent clinical studies. The U.S. Clean Air Act of 1970 provides special consideration to the class of outdoor air pollutants referred to as criteria pollutants, including O3, sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter (PM), NOx, CO, and Pb. Standards for these pollutants are set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency with particular concern for populations at risk. Current evidence suggests that asthmatics are more sensitive to the effects of O3, SO2, PM, and NO2, and are therefore at risk. High SO2 and particulate concentrations have been associated with short-term increases in morbidity and mortality in the general population during dramatic air pollution episodes in the past. Controlled exposure studies have clearly shown that asthmatics are sensitive to low levels of SO2. Exercising asthmatics exposed to SO2 develop bronchoconstriction within minutes, even at levels of 0.25 ppm. Responses are modified by air temperature, humidity, and exercise level. Recent epidemiologic studies have suggested that exposure to PM is strongly associated with morbidity and mortality in the general population and that hospital admissions for bronchitis and asthma were associated with PM10 levels. In controlled clinical studies, asthmatics appear to be no more reactive to aerosols than healthy subjects. Consequently, it is difficult to attribute the increased mortality observed in epidemiologic studies to specific effects demonstrated in controlled human studies. Epidemiologic studies of hospital admissions for asthma have implicated O3 as contributing to the exacerbation of asthma; however, most study designs could not separate the O3 effects from the concomitant effects of acid aerosols and SO2. Controlled human clinical studies have suggested that asthmatics have similar changes in spirometry and airway reactivity in response to O3 exposure compared to healthy adults. However, a possible role of O3 in worsening atopic asthma has recently been suggested in studies combining allergen challenge following exposure to O3. Attempts at identification of factors that predispose asthmatics to responsiveness to NO2 has produced inconsistent results and requires further investigation. In summary, asthmatics have been shown to be a sensitive subpopulation relative to several of the criteria pollutants. Further research linking epidemiologic, clinical, and toxicologic approaches is required to better understand and characterize the risk of exposing asthmatics to these pollutants. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Koren, H S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7315, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 235 EP - 242 VL - 103 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Sulfur Dioxide KW - 0UZA3422Q4 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Nitrogen Dioxide KW - S7G510RUBH KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- analysis KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Environmental Health -- standards KW - Adolescent KW - Asthma -- etiology KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77780864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Associations+between+criteria+air+pollutants+and+asthma.&rft.au=Koren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Koren&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Immunol. 1988 Jun 15;140(12):4193-8 [2967330] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1988 Oct;82(4):527-34 [3170998] J Immunol. 1988 Oct 1;141(7):2335-41 [2459206] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1989 Jan;66(1):217-22 [2917924] Am J Public Health. 1989 May;79(5):623-8 [2495741] Environ Health Perspect. 1989 Feb;79:69-72 [2785033] Toxicol Ind Health. 1986 Sep;2(3):289-98 [3787660] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986 Dec;134(6):1203-8 [3789520] Arch Environ Health. 1986 Sep-Oct;41(5):292-6 [3800432] Environ Res. 1987 Aug;43(2):317-31 [3608935] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Nov;136(5):1127-34 [3674575] Arch Environ Health. 1988 May-Jun;43(3):242-6 [3289507] Science. 1988 Sep 16;241(4872):1473-5 [3420404] Adv Immunol. 1989;46:111-47 [2528896] Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Jan;131(1):185-94 [2403468] Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1989;90 Suppl 1:3-10 [2613351] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Feb;141(2):377-80 [2301855] Thorax. 1970 Sep;25(5):525-39 [5489175] Arch Environ Health. 1972 Feb;24(2):115-28 [4621425] Am J Pathol. 1973 Feb;70(2):175-98 [4566990] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1974 Oct;35(10):589-97 [4417390] Nature. 1975 Sep 4;257(5521):50-1 [1161004] J Clin Invest. 1976 Feb;57(2):301-7 [943420] Exp Mol Pathol. 1976 Oct;25(2):182-8 [992013] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 May;117(5):835-43 [655490] Environ Res. 1978 Apr;15(2):199-205 [668652] Arch Environ Health. 1978 Jul-Aug;33(4):176-80 [686843] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 Sep;118(3):497-510 [707878] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 Dec;118(6):1061-90 [369411] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979 Aug;120(2):319-27 [475153] Environ Res. 1979 Aug;19(2):495-503 [499161] Environ Res. 1979 Aug;19(2):504-15 [499162] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979 Nov;120(5):1059-67 [507522] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1980 Jan;121(1):3-10 [7352711] Environ Res. 1980 Jun;22(1):145-53 [7418673] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1980 Dec;122(6):873-8 [7458061] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1982 Jun;125(6):627-31 [7091868] Arch Environ Health. 1982 Jul-Aug;37(4):213-20 [7114901] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Jan;127(1):51-5 [6849550] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Mar;127(3):278-83 [6830051] J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1983 Mar;54(3):730-9 [6341338] Arch Environ Health. 1983 Mar-Apr;38(2):104-15 [6847251] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Aug;128(2):221-5 [6881680] Toxicol Ind Health. 1990 Mar;6(2):247-62 [2192479] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Sep;142(3):594-601 [2202248] Arch Environ Health. 1991 Mar-Apr;46(2):90-7 [2006899] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991 Apr;143(4 Pt 1):744-50 [2008986] Am J Public Health. 1991 Jun;81(6):694-702 [1851397] Lancet. 1991 Jul 27;338(8761):199-203 [1676776] Immunol Today. 1991 Aug;12(8):256-7 [1680337] Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Jan 1;135(1):12-9; discussion 20-5 [1736656] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992 Mar;145(3):600-4 [1546841] J Air Waste Manage Assoc. 1992 May;42(5):662-71 [1627322] Environ Health Perspect. 1992 Jul;97:77-83 [1327740] Aust J Public Health. 1992 Sep;16(3):245-50 [1482716] Annu Rev Public Health. 1993;14:491-513 [8323600] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Apr;100:45-56 [8354181] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993 Nov;148(5):1258-65 [8239162] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994 Aug;150(2):431-40 [8049826] Proc R Soc Med. 1964 Oct;57:SUPPL:969-75 [14212573] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Sep;128(3):444-50 [6614638] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Oct;128(4):592-6 [6354021] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1983 Oct-Dec;12(4-6):815-26 [6668625] Arch Environ Health. 1984 Jan-Feb;39(1):34-42 [6370145] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1984 Mar;45(3):156-61 [6372425] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Jan;131(1):36-40 [3966712] Environ Res. 1985 Feb;36(1):67-80 [3967645] Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985 Mar 30;290(6473):957-60 [3919868] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1985 Jun;5(3):451-8 [3891479] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1985 Jun;58(6):1783-7 [4008400] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Sep;132(3):648-51 [4037538] Arch Environ Health. 1985 Jul-Aug;40(4):234-9 [4051580] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Dec;136(6):1486-508 [3318602] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Feb;137(2):313-20 [3341625] J Immunol. 1988 Feb 15;140(4):1022-7 [3125247] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical contaminants in human milk: an overview. AN - 77780815; 8549474 AB - This review contains a succinct overview of the nature and extent of the problem of contamination of human milk with environmental and occupational chemicals, excluding drugs. Factors influencing the levels of contaminants in breast milk are discussed. Also, data on major chemicals of concern with potential health risk(s) to the general population and risk-benefit considerations are dealt with briefly. Based on the available data on the subject, research needs have been identified and policy recommendations are suggested. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Sonawane, B R AD - Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 197 EP - 205 VL - 103 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Food Contamination KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Female KW - Milk, Human -- chemistry KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77780815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Chemical+contaminants+in+human+milk%3A+an+overview.&rft.au=Sonawane%2C+B+R&rft.aulast=Sonawane&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Environ Health. 1985 Mar-Apr;40(2):102-8 [4004342] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Feb;59:5-10 [3921364] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1985 Aug;35(2):202-8 [4027424] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1985;16(2):105-56 [3002722] Am J Public Health. 1986 Feb;76(2):172-7 [3080910] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1986 Feb;12(1):51-4 [3485819] Anal Chem. 1986 Feb;58(2):463-8 [3963398] Sci Total Environ. 1987 Jul;64(3):259-93 [3110947] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1988 Jan;17(1):55-63 [3122671] Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 May;47(5):815-21 [2834941] Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):334-6 [3133768] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1988 Oct;41(4):475-82 [3224165] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1991 Jun;13(3):228-40 [1947235] J Ark Med Soc. 1992 Apr;88(11):553-7 [1644709] Pediatr Pol. 1971 Feb;46(2):183-8 [5553863] J Pediatr. 1972 Mar;80(3):401-5 [4110556] Kurume Med J. 1972;19(1):43-51 [4481651] Nature. 1973 Mar 30;242(5396):338-40 [4121534] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1973 Aug;10(2):108-11 [4201380] Pediatrics. 1974 Feb;53(2):137-41 [4405882] Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 1974 Feb;28(6):543-7 [4471869] Taiwan Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi. 1976 Aug;75(8):463-70 [1068219] Am J Clin Nutr. 1977 Jul;30(7):1106-9 [69397] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1977 Aug;18(2):205-9 [890156] Lancet. 1978 Sep 23;2(8091):643-6 [80575] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1979 Feb;21(3):381-7 [109148] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1979 May 31;320:284-94 [222186] Pestic Monit J. 1979 Sep;13(2):52-5 [514794] J Pediatr. 1981 Jan;98(1):47-51 [6256513] Am J Epidemiol. 1981 Apr;113(4):413-22 [7211826] Acta Paediatr Scand. 1981;70(3):281-4 [7246122] Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1981 Aug;19(4):437-42 [6792018] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1981 Oct;27(4):506-11 [7306714] N Engl J Med. 1982 Aug 12;307(7):439 [7088119] Arch Neurol. 1982 Dec;39(12):744-9 [7138315] Hawaii Med J. 1982 Sep;41(9):250-1 [7174300] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1982 Nov;29(5):566-9 [7150805] Am J Public Health. 1983 Mar;73(3):281-5 [6297321] J Appl Toxicol. 1981 Aug;1(4):210-4 [6892222] Sci Total Environ. 1983 Jun;28:327-42 [6879155] J Clin Hosp Pharm. 1983 Sep;8(3):289-93 [6630567] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1983 Nov;12(6):739-46 [6651347] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1984 Feb;32(2):125-33 [6322887] Br J Dermatol. 1984 Oct;111(4):413-22 [6487543] Food Chem Toxicol. 1984 Sep;22(9):721-4 [6541625] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1984;13(4-6):689-704 [6436503] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1985 May;34(5):661-7 [4005445] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrition and lead: strategies for public health. AN - 77774671; 8549473 JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Mahaffey, K R AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 191 EP - 196 VL - 103 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Calcium, Dietary KW - 0 KW - Dietary Fats KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Eating KW - Public Health KW - Iron -- administration & dosage KW - Humans KW - Calcium, Dietary -- administration & dosage KW - Adult KW - Dietary Fats -- administration & dosage KW - Child KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lead Poisoning -- prevention & control KW - Nutritional Physiological Phenomena UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77774671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Nutrition+and+lead%3A+strategies+for+public+health.&rft.au=Mahaffey%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Mahaffey&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1978 Dec;46(3):651-61 [746552] JAMA. 1994 Jul 27;272(4):284-91 [8028141] Lancet. 1980 Aug 2;2(8188):236-7 [6105398] Am J Clin Nutr. 1980 Aug;33(8):1784-8 [7405881] N Engl J Med. 1982 Sep 2;307(10):573-9 [7110203] Am J Clin Nutr. 1982 Nov;36(5):823-9 [6814228] J Pediatr. 1982 Dec;101(6):948-52 [6183419] Hum Toxicol. 1982 Oct;1(4):411-5 [7173926] Environ Res. 1983 Feb;30(1):188-94 [6687570] J Biol Chem. 1985 Jun 10;260(11):6816-9 [3997849] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Nov;89:75-8 [2088758] J Lab Clin Med. 1970 Dec;76(6):933-42 [5485382] J Lab Clin Med. 1972 Jan;79(1):128-36 [5007557] J Lab Clin Med. 1973 Jul;82(1):92-100 [4352267] J Pediatr. 1976 Mar;88(3):372-81 [1107503] Postgrad Med J. 1975 Nov;51(601):795-800 [1208288] Arch Environ Health. 1977 Jul-Aug;32(4):160-4 [889354] J Lab Clin Med. 1977 Oct;90(4):700-6 [903699] J Pediatr. 1978 Jan;92(1):21-5 [338872] Pediatr Res. 1978 Jan;12(1):29-34 [643372] J Lab Clin Med. 1978 Oct;92(4):536-47 [712193] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1978 Oct;20(4):561-7 [719204] Environ Health Perspect. 1991 Feb;91:17-32 [2040247] Blood. 1992 Jan 1;79(1):244-7 [1728312] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):63-70 [1585373] Calcif Tissue Int. 1992 May;50(5):451-8 [1596781] J Nutr. 1992 Jul;122(7):1351-60 [1619463] J Pediatr. 1992 Nov;121(5 Pt 1):695-703 [1432416] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Dec 10;1180(2):187-94 [1463769] MMWR CDC Surveill Summ. 1992 Nov 27;41(7):1-24 [1484523] MMWR CDC Surveill Summ. 1992 Nov 27;41(7):25-41 [1484524] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1993 Jan-Feb;15(1):27-35 [8459785] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1993 Jan-Feb;15(1):37-44 [8459787] Am J Vet Res. 1993 May;54(5):808-12 [8391232] Brain Res. 1993 Jul 30;618(1):9-18 [8402182] Lancet. 1994 Jun 11;343(8911):1445 [7911171] Lancet. 1994 Jun 11;343(8911):1454-9 [7911176] N Engl J Med. 1994 Jul 21;331(3):141-7 [8008027] Lancet. 1994 Jul 9;344(8915):107-10 [7912349] N Engl J Med. 1994 Jul 28;331(4):228-33 [8015569] JAMA. 1994 Jul 27;272(4):277-83 [8028140] Environ Res. 1979 Apr;18(2):369-76 [583140] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxic effects of neonatal triethyltin (TET) exposure are exacerbated with aging. AN - 77739772; 8532105 AB - Neonatal Long-Evans rats dosed with TET (5 mg/kg; IP) or saline on postnatal day (PND) 10 were examined across the life span for neural damage and performance on spatial learning tasks. A subset of rats were sacrificed to assess early damage with Nissl-staining, Timm's histochemistry, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry 2, 7, or 14 days after dosing. Littermates were tested behaviorally in a T-maze spatial delayed alternation task on PND 23 or PND 90, and in a Morris water maze place learning task at 3, 12, or 24 months postdosing and then sacrificed for histological analysis. In neonatal rats, histological analysis indicated gliosis in discrete cortical regions, loss of Nissl-stained neurons in the hippocampal formation, entorhinal cortex and piriform cortex, and loss of Timm's staining in the entorhinal cortex. The behavioral assessment at PND 23 indicated a significant impairment in the T-maze. However, no significant impairments were observed in the T-maze at 3 months or the water maze at 3 or 12 months postdosing. At 24 months, TET-treated rats showed significant deficits in acquisition and retention of the water maze task compared with age-matched controls. Both groups of 24 months old rats were significantly impaired compared with young controls. At 24 months, there was a general age-related decrease in the optical density of Timm's staining in cortical regions (9%), compounded by a further decrease in the entorhinal cortex and outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in TET treated rats (30%). These data indicate that early developmental exposure to an organometal resulted in morphological damage that was apparent behaviorally only during early postnatal development and with advanced aging. JF - Neurobiology of aging AU - Barone, S AU - Stanton, M E AU - Mundy, W R AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 723 EP - 735 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0197-4580, 0197-4580 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Triethyltin Compounds KW - triethyltin KW - 5XCT3EQJ85 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Maze Learning -- drug effects KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Dentate Gyrus -- drug effects KW - Dentate Gyrus -- pathology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- pathology KW - Gliosis KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Female KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Nervous System -- metabolism KW - Aging -- pathology KW - Nervous System -- pathology KW - Triethyltin Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77739772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurobiology+of+aging&rft.atitle=Neurotoxic+effects+of+neonatal+triethyltin+%28TET%29+exposure+are+exacerbated+with+aging.&rft.au=Barone%2C+S%3BStanton%2C+M+E%3BMundy%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Barone&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurobiology+of+aging&rft.issn=01974580&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bronchoscopic determination of ozone uptake in humans. AN - 77725415; 8567528 AB - Measurements of ozone uptake efficiency in the human respiratory tract provide critical information toward understanding ozone dose-response characteristics. We measured ozone uptake efficiency by different regions of the respiratory tract between the mouth and bronchus intermedius in 10 healthy, resting, nonsmoking male and female subjects. The distal end of a bronchoscope was sequentially positioned at the bronchus intermedius (BI), main carina (CAR), upper trachea, and above the vocal cords. Ozone concentration was measured continuously at each sight using a rapid-responding ozone analyzer. During sampling subjects breathed through a mouthpiece connected to a pneumotachograph at a paced rate of 12 breaths/min. Integration of the product of the flow and ozone concentrations during inspiration and expiration provided the ozone mass passing each anatomic location during each phase of respiration. On inspiration the uptake efficiencies of ozone by structures between the mouth and each location j (Em-j) were 0.176 +/- 0.037 (SE), 0.271 +/- 0.024, 0.355 +/- 0.030, and 0.325 +/- 0.031 for above the vocal cords, upper trachea, CAR, and BI, respectively. A significant effect of location on Em-j was found by analysis of variance (P < 0.0002). Pairwise comparisons showed that Em-j increased as the lung penetration increased except between CAR and BI, which was not significantly different. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Gerrity, T R AU - Biscardi, F AU - Strong, A AU - Garlington, A R AU - Brown, J S AU - Bromberg, P A AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency Clinical Research Branch, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 852 EP - 860 VL - 79 IS - 3 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Oxidants, Photochemical KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Adolescent KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Male KW - Female KW - Bronchoscopy KW - Oxidants, Photochemical -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Ozone -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77725415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Bronchoscopic+determination+of+ozone+uptake+in+humans.&rft.au=Gerrity%2C+T+R%3BBiscardi%2C+F%3BStrong%2C+A%3BGarlington%2C+A+R%3BBrown%2C+J+S%3BBromberg%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Gerrity&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of estimated human body burdens of dioxinlike chemicals and TCDD body burdens in experimentally exposed animals. AN - 77723020; 7498094 AB - Humans are exposed to mixtures of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, and the potential health effects of these exposures are uncertain. A subset of this class of compounds produce similar spectra of toxicity in experimental animals as does 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and these chemicals have been classified as "dioxins." In this study, we compared the body burdens of dioxins that produce effects in experimental animals to body burdens associated with these effects in humans. Human body burdens were estimated from lipid-adjusted serum concentrations of dioxins, assuming dioxins are equally distributed in body fat and an adult has 22% body fat. The toxic equivalency factor (TEF) method was used to calculate body burdens of dioxins in humans. These calculations included dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyls. In the general population, average background concentrations were estimated at 58 ng TCDD equivalents (TEQ)/kg serum lipid, corresponding to a body burden of 13 ng TEQ/kg body weight. Populations with known exposure to dioxins have body burdens of 96-7,000 ng TEQ/kg body weight. For effects that have been clearly associated with dioxins, such as chloracne and induction of CYP1A1, humans and animals respond at similar body burdens. Induction of cancer in animals occurs at body burdens of 944-137,000 ng TCDD/kg body weight, while noncancer effects in animals occur at body burdens of 10-12,500 ng/kg. Available human data suggest that some individuals may respond to dioxin exposures with cancer and noncancer effects at body burdens within one to two orders of magnitude of those in the general population. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - DeVito, M J AU - Birnbaum, L S AU - Farland, W H AU - Gasiewicz, T A AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 820 EP - 831 VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Child KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cell Line KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Dioxins -- adverse effects KW - Dioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Dioxins -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- adverse effects KW - Body Burden UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77723020?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+estimated+human+body+burdens+of+dioxinlike+chemicals+and+TCDD+body+burdens+in+experimentally+exposed+animals.&rft.au=DeVito%2C+M+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S%3BFarland%2C+W+H%3BGasiewicz%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=DeVito&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=820&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-18 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Biol Chem. 1992 Oct 5;267(28):19785-91 [1400292] JAMA. 1992 Dec 9;268(22):3213-8 [1433761] Environ Health Perspect. 1992 Nov;98:125-32 [1336723] Environ Health Perspect. 1973 Sep;5:111-8 [4752897] Environ Health Perspect. 1973 Sep;5:87-99 [4270944] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1976 May;36(2):209-26 [1273842] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1978 May;44(2):335-56 [675706] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1978 Nov;46(2):279-303 [734660] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1980 Oct;56(1):78-85 [7444968] Cell. 1982 Aug;30(1):225-34 [6290078] Nature. 1982 Nov 18;300(5889):271-3 [7144882] Mol Pharmacol. 1984 Jul;26(1):90-8 [6087120] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Feb;59:17-29 [3921359] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 May;60:77-88 [3161723] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1985 Jun;11(3 Spec No):165-71 [2930898] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Jun 15;79(1):112-20 [2996175] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Jun 15;79(1):99-111 [4049410] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1986;26:371-99 [3013079] Environ Health Perspect. 1986 Dec;70:221-7 [3830107] Toxicology. 1987 May;44(2):159-69 [3031851] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 Jun 30;89(2):256-68 [3037728] Mol Pharmacol. 1987 Nov;32(5):572-8 [3119985] JAMA. 1988 Mar 18;259(11):1661-7 [3343772] J Invest Dermatol. 1988 Mar;90(3):354-8 [2894397] Risk Anal. 1993 Feb;13(1):25-36 [8383868] Toxicology. 1993 Jul 28;81(2):131-43 [8378939] Carcinogenesis. 1993 Sep;14(9):1885-93 [8403215] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Nov;21(4):433-41 [8253297] Cancer Res. 1994 Jan 1;54(1):62-8 [8261464] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994 Jan;41(1):83-93 [8277528] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Jan;124(1):82-90 [8291065] Toxicol Lett. 1994 Jan;70(1):1-22 [8310450] Am J Epidemiol. 1994 Feb 1;139(3):272-81 [8116602] Carcinogenesis. 1994 Mar;15(3):509-15 [8118936] Qual Assur. 1991 Oct;1(1):70-81 [1669971] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Dec;101(7):634-42 [8143597] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994 Apr;41(4):481-8 [8145287] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1994;24(1):1-74 [8172651] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Jan;102 Suppl 1:149-58 [8187704] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Jan;102 Suppl 1:159-71 [8187705] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Jan;102 Suppl 1:173-85 [8187706] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Jan;102 Suppl 1:195-204 [8187709] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Jun 7;91(12):5397-401 [8202497] Cancer Res. 1994 Jul 15;54(14):3692-5 [7913406] Occup Environ Med. 1994 Jul;51(7):479-86 [8044248] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Aug;127(2):241-9 [8048067] J Biol Chem. 1994 Nov 4;269(44):27337-43 [7961644] Mol Pharmacol. 1994 Nov;46(5):915-21 [7969080] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1994 Oct;23(3):465-9 [7835546] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Feb;130(2):197-208 [7871533] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Mar;131(1):108-18 [7878665] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Nov;102 Suppl 9:157-67 [7698077] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Apr;131(2):253-66 [7716767] Early Hum Dev. 1995 Apr 14;41(2):111-27 [7601016] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Nov;102(11):962-6 [9738211] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1988 Mar;17(2):139-43 [3355228] Science. 1988 May 13;240(4854):889-95 [3283939] Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):334-6 [3133768] Carcinogenesis. 1988 Sep;9(9):1677-9 [3409472] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1989 Jan-Feb;11(1):13-9 [2725437] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1989;27(2):165-71 [2733058] Toxicol Lett. 1989 Jul;48(1):35-43 [2501913] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Mar 1;97(3):561-71 [2558429] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1990;62(2):139-57 [2139014] FEBS Lett. 1990 Apr 9;263(1):131-3 [1691986] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1990;30:251-77 [2188570] Environ Res. 1990 Aug;52(2):146-54 [2118453] Arch Toxicol. 1990;64(5):345-59 [2403285] N Engl J Med. 1991 Jan 24;324(4):212-8 [1985242] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1990;21(1):51-88 [2124811] Mol Pharmacol. 1991 Mar;39(3):307-13 [1848654] Teratology. 1991 Feb;43(2):119-32 [2014478] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1990 Nov;15(4):722-31 [2128284] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1991;31:73-100 [2064388] Lancet. 1991 Oct 19;338(8773):959-64 [1681339] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Oct;111(1):33-42 [1949034] Toxicol Lett. 1992 Jan;60(1):19-25 [1539179] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Apr 15;184(1):246-53 [1314586] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):108-17 [1585363] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):97-107 [1585378] Cancer Res. 1992 Jun 15;52(12):3436-42 [1596902] Arch Toxicol. 1992;66(4):250-9 [1514923] Br J Ind Med. 1992 Aug;49(8):532-44 [1515345] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Sep 1;89(17):8185-9 [1325649] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of estrogen, progesterone, and methoxychlor on surgically induced endometriosis in rats. AN - 77682108; 8529825 AB - Endometriosis is a disease of women where endometrial tissue is found growing at ectopic sites. While evidence suggesting a role for the ovarian hormones in endometriosis exists, no complete studies of the roles of estrogen and progesterone have heretofore been performed. Also, if estrogen has a role in the growth and/or maintenance of endometriosis, it is likely that the proestrogenic pesticide, methoxychlor (MXC), might also have such an effect. Sixty rats underwent surgery on Day 0 to induce endometriosis. On Day 21, all rats were ovariectomized. During surgery, the diameters of all endometriotic implants (which were fully developed) were measured. Starting on Day 21, groups of rats were treated daily, for 3 weeks, with (a) vehicle (b) estrone, 1 micrograms/rat, E;(c) progesterone, 2 mg/rat, P; (d) E + P, 1 micrograms + 2 mg; (e) MXC, 250 mg/kg; or (f) MXC + P, 250 mg/kg + 2 mg/rat. On Day 42, all rats were killed, and the diameters of all endometriotic sites were measured. While no differences in diameter were found across groups prior to ovariectomy, ovariectomy plus treatment altered the growth of endometriosis tissue. Progesterone and vehicle treatments produced results that were identical: regression of endometriotic sites. Both estrogen and MXC treatments maintained endometriotic site size at a level greater than that in the vehicle-treated group. The combination of progesterone with either estrone or MXC did not alter the effect of either chemical. We conclude that while estrogen promotes the growth of endometriosis, progesterone either produces regression or fails to maintain the sites. MXC, at a relatively high dose, supports the development of endometriosis. Concurrent progesterone treatment does not modulate the effects of estrone or MXC. These results suggest that exposure of women to high doses of MXC may exacerbate the development of endometriosis or contribute to its recurrence. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Cummings, A M AU - Metcalf, J L AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, HERL, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 287 EP - 290 VL - 27 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Estrone KW - 2DI9HA706A KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Methoxychlor KW - RIA79UD69L KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Ovariectomy KW - Female KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Progesterone -- toxicity KW - Endometriosis -- pathology KW - Endometriosis -- chemically induced KW - Estrone -- toxicity KW - Methoxychlor -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77682108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+estrogen%2C+progesterone%2C+and+methoxychlor+on+surgically+induced+endometriosis+in+rats.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BMetcalf%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds: model validation and Ah receptor characterization. AN - 77676844; 7492734 AB - In the present study we have utilized comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship paradigm, to explore the physico-chemical requirements for binding to the Ah (dioxin) receptor. Recent developments by Gillner et al. [(1993) Mol. Pharmacol. 44, 336-345] prompted us to review and revise our previous CoMFA/QSAR model [Waller, C. L., and McKinney, J. D. (1992) J. Med. Chem. 36, 3660-3666] to include a structurally-diverse training set of Ah receptor ligands ranging in size from naphthalene to indolo[3,2-b]carbazole nuclei. An exhaustive validation process utilizing external test sets and hierarchical cluster analysis routines was employed during model construction and is discussed herein. The limitations of the approach presented herein are discussed with respect to predictive ability of the CoMFA/QSAR models, which is demonstrated to be dependent on a balance between structural diversity and redundancy in the molecules comprising the training set. The results of our modified CoMFA/QSAR model are consistent with and unify all previously established structure-activity relationships established for less structurally-diverse training sets of Ah receptor ligands. As a result of the more complete nature of the series of molecules under examination in the present study, the CoMFA/QSAR steric and electrostatic field contour plots as well as the essential and excluded volume plots provide for a more detailed characterization of the molecular binding domain of the Ah receptor. The implications of the CoMFA/QSAR model presented herein are explored with respect to quantitative hazard identification of potential toxicants. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Waller, C L AU - McKinney, J D AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 847 EP - 858 VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Index Medicus KW - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Binding Sites KW - Dioxins -- chemistry KW - Models, Molecular KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77676844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+quantitative+structure-activity+relationships+of+dioxins+and+dioxin-like+compounds%3A+model+validation+and+Ah+receptor+characterization.&rft.au=Waller%2C+C+L%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=847&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory and research issues related to cholinesterase inhibition. AN - 77588735; 7482556 AB - Assessing the neurotoxic potential of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides should be greatly facilitated by the knowledge that the mechanism of action of these insecticides is presumed to be the inhibition of cholinesterase, the enzyme which controls the levels of neurotransmitter, acetycholine. Although the inhibition of cholinesterase activity is the recognized mechanism of action, many questions remain regarding the use of cholinesterase inhibition data as a critical effect for establishing risk of cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. Specifically, questions have arisen regarding whether blood cholinesterase inhibition correlates with inhibition in target tissues (e.g. brain or muscle) and whether cholinesterase inhibition in any tissue correlates with the adverse clinical and behavioral effects produced by exposure to cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. Studies in our laboratory indicate that blood cholinesterase inhibition in both acute and subchronic dosing regimens correlates with inhibition in other tissues, if measurements are taken at the appropriate times. Moreover, there is evidence in the literature and from our laboratory that cholinesterase inhibition correlates with the emergence and severity of clinical signs of poisoning by cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. JF - Toxicology AU - Padilla, S AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09/01/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Sep 01 SP - 215 EP - 220 VL - 102 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carbamates KW - 0 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Insecticides KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Risk Assessment KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Pesticides -- toxicity KW - Carbamates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77588735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Regulatory+and+research+issues+related+to+cholinesterase+inhibition.&rft.au=Padilla%2C+S&rft.aulast=Padilla&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-12-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of quantitative modelling in methylene chloride risk assessment. AN - 77586306; 7482565 AB - The benefits of basing quantitative risk assessment on measures of 'internal dose', i.e. target organ exposures as estimated, for instance, by pharmacokinetic models, have been extensively discussed. Recasting risk assessment methods at the level of internal dose raises novel issues, however, some of which are explored by examining the 1987 revision by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of its cancer risk assessment for inhaled methylene chloride, which was based on the 1987 pharmacokinetic model results of Andersen and coworkers. The internal dose measure was the daily amount of methylene chloride metabolized by a glutathione-S-transferase pathway per 1 of target organ (liver and lung). Owing to high-dose saturation of a competing detoxification reaction, this metabolic activation is less-than-proportionally active at low exposure levels. For a given inhalation exposure, humans have relatively less metabolic activation than do mice, but this is shown to be a foreseeable consequence of their relatively lower breathing rate, a cross-species difference already accounted for in standard EPA methodology. Indeed, many species differences in the rates and tempos of physiological processes evince regular 'scaling' relationships across differently sized mammals. EPA's practice of scaling carcinogen doses by body surface area for cross-species extrapolation, often viewed as a correction for metabolic activation, is shown to be more reasonably regarded as an accommodation for the more general species variation in the pace of physiological processes underlying both pharmacokinetics and the carcinogenic response to internal doses. Under this view, the issue of cross-species dose scaling is not obviated by the use of pharmacokinetics. JF - Toxicology AU - Rhomberg, L AD - Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09/01/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Sep 01 SP - 95 EP - 114 VL - 102 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Methylene Chloride KW - 588X2YUY0A KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Species Specificity KW - Risk Assessment KW - Methylene Chloride -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Methylene Chloride -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Methylene Chloride -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77586306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+quantitative+modelling+in+methylene+chloride+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Rhomberg%2C+L&rft.aulast=Rhomberg&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-12-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The application of dosimetry models to identify key processes and parameters for default dose-response assessment approaches. AN - 77577053; 7570654 AB - Mathematical dosimetry models should improve the accuracy of various extrapolations required in dose-response assessment because they include explicit descriptions of the major mechanistic determinants of the exposure-dose-response continuum. The availability of these anatomic and physiologic parameters for different mammalian species (including humans) and the physicochemical parameters for individual chemicals is an important consideration in the formulation of model structures and the application of simplifying assumptions to develop default models. A framework is presented that includes iterative development of model structures as more data become available. Development of the default dosimetry adjustments for interspecies extrapolation used in the inhalation reference concentration (RfC) methods of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is discussed as an example of iterative model development, a process intended to ensure that model structures are commensurate with available data. The framework also aids evaluation of different model structures and can be applied to identify key parameters. Examples are provided to illustrate how insight on the key mechanistic determinants of exposure-dose-response can guide interpretation of data in the absence of comprehensive model structures, identify gaps in the database for a given chemical, or direct data gathering for chemicals that are yet to enter production. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Jarabek, A M AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (MD-52), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 171 EP - 184 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Species Specificity KW - Risk Assessment KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Hazardous Substances -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Biological KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77577053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=The+application+of+dosimetry+models+to+identify+key+processes+and+parameters+for+default+dose-response+assessment+approaches.&rft.au=Jarabek%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Jarabek&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment and research: an essential link. AN - 77576907; 7570653 AB - Regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, use health risk assessment information in developing pollution control regulations and for setting regulatory and research priorities. The risk assessment process, however, is hampered by limitations in test methods, in models for exposure and dose-response, and by chemical-specific data gaps. The research/risk assessment/risk management framework provides opportunities for targeting and coordinating research to address these limitations. Enhanced communication among researchers, risk assessors and risk managers to foster better development and use of scientific information in decision making, and incentives for interdisciplinary research efforts, are needed. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Vandenberg, J J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 17 EP - 22 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77576907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+and+research%3A+an+essential+link.&rft.au=Vandenberg%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Vandenberg&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative structure-activity relationships and ecological risk assessment: an overview of predictive aquatic toxicology research. AN - 77575564; 7570660 AB - In the field of aquatic toxicology, quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) have developed as scientifically credible tools for predicting the toxicity of chemicals when little or no empirical data are available. A fundamental understanding of toxicological principles has been considered an important component to the acceptance and application of QSAR approaches as biologically relevant in ecological risk assessments. As a consequence, there has been an evolution of QSAR development and application from that of a chemical-class perspective to one that is more consistent with assumptions regarding modes of toxic action. In this review, techniques to assess modes of toxic action from chemical structure are discussed, with consideration that toxicodynamic knowledge bases must be clearly defined with regard to exposure regimes, biological models/endpoints and compounds that adequately span the diversity of chemicals anticipated for future applications. With such knowledge bases, classification systems, including rule-based expert systems, have been established for use in predictive aquatic toxicology applications. The establishment of QSAR techniques that are based on an understanding of toxic mechanisms is needed to provide a link to physiologically based toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic models, which can provide the means to extrapolate adverse effects across species and exposure regimes. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Bradbury, S P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 229 EP - 237 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecology KW - Animals KW - Cyprinidae KW - Databases, Factual KW - Models, Chemical KW - Time Factors KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants -- classification KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77575564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Quantitative+structure-activity+relationships+and+ecological+risk+assessment%3A+an+overview+of+predictive+aquatic+toxicology+research.&rft.au=Bradbury%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Bradbury&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of structure-activity relationship rules for predicting carcinogenic potential of chemicals. AN - 77575331; 7570659 AB - Since the inception of Section 5 (Premanufacturing/Premarketing Notification, PMN) of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis has been effectively used by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Structure Activity Team (SAT) in the assessment of potential carcinogenic hazard of new chemicals for which test data are not available. To capture, systematize and codify the Agency's predictive expertise in order to make it more widely available to assessors outside the TSCA program, a cooperative project was initiated to develop a knowledge rule-based expert system to mimic the thinking and reasoning of the SAT. In this communication, we describe the overall structure of this expert system, discuss the scientific bases and principles of SAR analysis of chemical carcinogens used in the development of SAR knowledge rules, and delineate the major factors/rules useful for assessing the carcinogenic potential of fibers, polymers, metals/metalloids and several major classes of organic chemicals. An integrative approach using available short-term predictive tests and non-cancer toxicological data to supplement SAR analysis has also been described. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Woo, Y T AU - Lai, D Y AU - Argus, M F AU - Arcos, J C AD - Health and Environmental Review Division (7403), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 219 EP - 228 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Carcinogens -- chemistry KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Expert Systems KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77575331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Development+of+structure-activity+relationship+rules+for+predicting+carcinogenic+potential+of+chemicals.&rft.au=Woo%2C+Y+T%3BLai%2C+D+Y%3BArgus%2C+M+F%3BArcos%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Woo&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of effect levels of chemicals from quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models. I. Chronic lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL). AN - 77575251; 7570650 AB - With the multitude of new chemicals being synthesized and the paucity of long-term test data on chemicals that could be introduced into the environment, innovative approaches must be developed to determine the health and environmental effects of chemicals. Research was conducted to employ quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) techniques to study the feasibility of developing models to estimate the noncarcinogenic toxicity of chemicals that are not addressed in the literature by relevant studies. A database of lowest-observed-adverse effect level (LOAEL) was assembled by extracting toxicity information from 104 U.S. EPA documents, 124 National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program (NCI/NTP) reports, and 6 current reports from the literature. A regression model, based on 234 chemicals of diverse structures and chemical classes including both alicyclic and aromatic compounds, was developed to assess the chronic oral LOAELs in rats. The model was incorporated into an automated computer package. Initial testing of this model indicates it has application to a wide range of chemicals. For about 55% of the compounds in the data set, the estimated LOAELs are within a factor of 2 of the observed LOAELs. For over 93%, they are within a factor of 5. Because of the paucity or absence of long-term toxicity data, the public health and risk assessment community could utilize such QSAR models to determine initial estimates of toxicity for the ever-increasing numbers of chemicals that lack complete pertinent data. However, this and other such models should be used only by expert toxicologists who must objectively look at the estimates thus generated in light of the overall weight of evidence of the available toxicologic information of the subject chemical(s). JF - Toxicology letters AU - Mumtaz, M M AU - Knauf, L A AU - Reisman, D J AU - Peirano, W B AU - DeRosa, C T AU - Gombar, V K AU - Enslein, K AU - Carter, J R AU - Blake, B W AU - Huque, K I AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 131 EP - 143 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Feasibility Studies KW - Computer Simulation KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Databases, Factual KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Statistical KW - Time Factors KW - Risk Assessment KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77575251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+effect+levels+of+chemicals+from+quantitative+structure-activity+relationship+%28QSAR%29+models.+I.+Chronic+lowest-observed-adverse-effect+level+%28LOAEL%29.&rft.au=Mumtaz%2C+M+M%3BKnauf%2C+L+A%3BReisman%2C+D+J%3BPeirano%2C+W+B%3BDeRosa%2C+C+T%3BGombar%2C+V+K%3BEnslein%2C+K%3BCarter%2C+J+R%3BBlake%2C+B+W%3BHuque%2C+K+I&rft.aulast=Mumtaz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of computational chemistry in support of hazard identification (ID): mechanism-based SARs. AN - 77575089; 7570648 AB - A mechanism-based structure-activity relationship (SAR) study examines the structural basis for a chemical/biological activity by targeting a single or a few stages in a postulated mechanism of action. Computational chemistry approaches provide a valuable complement to experiment for probing such associations, but require a highly focused viewpoint that neglects much of the full biological and chemical interaction problem. Research questions are formulated in terms of fundamental structure and reactivity properties and are designed to test key assumptions of a postulated mechanism of activity. The results of such studies can aid in the generation of new hypotheses, suggest new experiments, and provide scientific rationale for extrapolation in hazard identification (ID). Toxicologists and computational chemists bring very different, yet complementary viewpoints, approaches, and expertise to bear on the hazard ID problem. However, improved communication and interaction between these two groups is needed to most productively address hazard ID issues. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Richard, A M AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory (MD-68), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 115 EP - 122 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Chemical KW - Risk Assessment KW - Computer Simulation KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77575089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Role+of+computational+chemistry+in+support+of+hazard+identification+%28ID%29%3A+mechanism-based+SARs.&rft.au=Richard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The new chemicals process at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): structure-activity relationships for hazard identification and risk assessment. AN - 77574966; 7570675 AB - Section 5 of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) does not require any toxicity testing as a prerequisite for submission of a Premanufacturing Notice (PMN) for a new chemical. In order to compensate for the lack of actual test data, a process involving structure-activity relationships (SAR) for assessing hazard potential was constructed. The hazard assessment is then coupled with an estimation of potential exposure to determine potential risk. This process involves the use of multiple interdisciplinary teams that work within a 90-day time frame to complete approximately 2000 risk assessments per year. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Wagner, P M AU - Nabholz, J V AU - Kent, R J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxic Health, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 67 EP - 73 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Risk Assessment KW - Legislation as Topic KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- standards KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77574966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=The+new+chemicals+process+at+the+Environmental+Protection+Agency+%28EPA%29%3A+structure-activity+relationships+for+hazard+identification+and+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Wagner%2C+P+M%3BNabholz%2C+J+V%3BKent%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 32P-postlabeling and HPLC separation of DNA adducts formed by diesel exhaust extracts in vitro and in mouse skin and lung after topical treatment. AN - 77568125; 7554058 AB - Diesel exhaust extracts contain many carcinogenic compounds which have been shown to form polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)- and nitrated PAH-DNA adducts in rodent skin and lung. The aim of this study was to characterize by 32P-postlabeling, TLC and HPLC the primary postlabeled PAH-DNA adduct(s) formed in vitro and in vivo by diesel extracts. The diesel particle extracts had known concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b,j,k]-fluoranthenes (B[b,j,k]F) and chrysene. DNA adducts were analyzed in calf thymus DNA incubated in vitro with PAHs activated by S9 mix and in skin and lung DNA from topically treated mice. The main diesel-derived DNA adduct formed in vitro and in vivo did not co-migrate on HPLC and large TLC plates with (+/-)-r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (anti BPDE)-, B[b]F-,B[j]F-,B[k]F-or chrysene-DNA adduct standards. By co-chromatography DNA adducts formed by chrysene from both in vitro and in vivo samples were identified. Nissan diesel extract containing higher PAH concentrations than Volkswagen automobile extract formed skin DNA adducts that co-migrated with chrysene- and anti BPDE- DNA-derived adducts. We conclude that the use of a highly sensitive 32P-postlabeling method combined with HPLC improves the identification of PAH adducts formed by complex mixtures such as diesel exhaust extracts. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Savela, K AU - King, L AU - Gallagher, J AU - Lewtas, J AD - US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 2083 EP - 2089 VL - 16 IS - 9 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide-DNA KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide KW - 55097-80-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide -- analysis KW - Reference Standards KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Chromatography, Thin Layer KW - Isotope Labeling KW - Female KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Administration, Topical KW - DNA Adducts -- biosynthesis KW - Skin -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- isolation & purification KW - Vehicle Emissions -- toxicity KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - DNA Adducts -- analysis KW - Skin -- metabolism KW - Lung -- chemistry KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Lung -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77568125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=32P-postlabeling+and+HPLC+separation+of+DNA+adducts+formed+by+diesel+exhaust+extracts+in+vitro+and+in+mouse+skin+and+lung+after+topical+treatment.&rft.au=Savela%2C+K%3BKing%2C+L%3BGallagher%2C+J%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Savela&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2083&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-20 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human bladder cancer: evidence for a potential irritation-induced mechanism. AN - 77536821; 7557751 AB - Bladder cancer is one of the most common human cancers, constituting about 6% and 2% of all cancers among males and females, respectively. Over 90% of all bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas, with most of the remainder being squamous cell carcinomas. Smoking and occupational exposure to aromatic amines and other agents are most prominent among the risk factors identified. Inflammation of the bladder, largely by infection but also by stones or a combination of the two, may play some role in human bladder cancer development. The association between inflammation and cancer appears to be stronger for squamous cell than for transitional cell carcinoma. Stones and infection can be important factors in the development of bladder tumours in rodents, but the tumours are predominantly transitional cell rather than squamous cell carcinomas. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Burin, G J AU - Gibb, H J AU - Hill, R N AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 785 EP - 795 VL - 33 IS - 9 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Urinary Calculi -- complications KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Incidence KW - Carcinoma, Transitional Cell -- etiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Carcinoma, Transitional Cell -- epidemiology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- etiology KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- epidemiology KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77536821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Human+bladder+cancer%3A+evidence+for+a+potential+irritation-induced+mechanism.&rft.au=Burin%2C+G+J%3BGibb%2C+H+J%3BHill%2C+R+N&rft.aulast=Burin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=785&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-20 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of aluminum on neuronal signal transduction: mechanisms underlying disruption of phosphoinositide hydrolysis. AN - 77535099; 7557263 AB - 1. Aluminum is neurotoxic in humans and animals and alters formation of inositol phosphate (IP) second messengers following in vivo or in vitro exposure. 2. Several components of the IP signalling system including G-proteins, phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), protein kinase C (PKC) and Ca2+ homeostasis are susceptible to inhibition/disruption by aluminum compounds. 3. Recent evidence suggests that, despite its effects on other components, competitive inhibition by aluminum of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) hydrolysis by PI-PLC underlies its effects on agonist-stimulated IP generation. JF - General pharmacology AU - Shafer, T J AU - Mundy, W R AD - Neurotoxicology Division MD-74B, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 889 EP - 895 VL - 26 IS - 5 SN - 0306-3623, 0306-3623 KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - 0 KW - Aluminum KW - CPD4NFA903 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Hydrolysis KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- metabolism KW - Neurons -- drug effects KW - Aluminum -- pharmacology KW - Signal Transduction -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77535099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=General+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+aluminum+on+neuronal+signal+transduction%3A+mechanisms+underlying+disruption+of+phosphoinositide+hydrolysis.&rft.au=Shafer%2C+T+J%3BMundy%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Shafer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=General+pharmacology&rft.issn=03063623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geographical information systems (GIS) to manage oceanographic data for site designation and site monitoring AN - 52758518; 1997-013359 JF - Marine Geodesy AU - Hall, Robert K AU - Ota, Allan Y AU - Hashimoto, Janet Y AU - Maher, Norman M A2 - Li, Rongxing Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 161 EP - 171 PB - Crane, Russak & Co., New York, NY VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0149-0419, 0149-0419 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - Northeast Pacific KW - offshore KW - data processing KW - geodesy KW - dredged materials KW - California KW - Farallon Islands KW - geographic information systems KW - San Francisco Bay region KW - North Pacific KW - marine methods KW - Pacific Ocean KW - data bases KW - information systems KW - waste disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52758518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geodesy&rft.atitle=Geographical+information+systems+%28GIS%29+to+manage+oceanographic+data+for+site+designation+and+site+monitoring&rft.au=Hall%2C+Robert+K%3BOta%2C+Allan+Y%3BHashimoto%2C+Janet+Y%3BMaher%2C+Norman+M&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geodesy&rft.issn=01490419&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; data bases; data processing; dredged materials; East Pacific; Farallon Islands; geodesy; geographic information systems; information systems; marine methods; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; offshore; Pacific Ocean; San Francisco Bay region; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact crater identified on the Navajo Nation near Chinle, Arizona AN - 52714121; 1997-033661 JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Shoemaker, E M AU - Roddy, D J AU - Moore, C B AU - Pfeilsticker, R AU - Curley, C L AU - Dunkelman, T AU - Kuerzel, K AU - Taylor, M AU - Shoemaker, C S AU - Donnelly, P A2 - Sears, Derek W. G. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 578 EP - 579 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - United States KW - trenching KW - iron oxides KW - impact features KW - Chinle Valley KW - Apache County Arizona KW - Navajo Indian Reservation KW - morphometry KW - nickel oxides KW - Arizona KW - oxides KW - impact craters KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52714121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Impact+crater+identified+on+the+Navajo+Nation+near+Chinle%2C+Arizona&rft.au=Shoemaker%2C+E+M%3BRoddy%2C+D+J%3BMoore%2C+C+B%3BPfeilsticker%2C+R%3BCurley%2C+C+L%3BDunkelman%2C+T%3BKuerzel%2C+K%3BTaylor%2C+M%3BShoemaker%2C+C+S%3BDonnelly%2C+P&rft.aulast=Shoemaker&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=578&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 58th annual meeting of the Meteoritical Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apache County Arizona; Arizona; Chinle Valley; impact craters; impact features; iron oxides; morphometry; Navajo Indian Reservation; nickel oxides; oxides; trenching; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface disturbances; their role in accelerating desertification AN - 52482187; 1999-038563 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Belnap, Jayne A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 39 EP - 57 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - United States KW - soils KW - eolian features KW - Plantae KW - terrestrial environment KW - moisture KW - semi-arid environment KW - stability KW - ecosystems KW - desertification KW - erosion rates KW - environmental analysis KW - deserts KW - nutrients KW - physical properties KW - Arches National Park KW - infiltration KW - surface features KW - ecology KW - Utah KW - erodibility KW - land use KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52482187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Surface+disturbances%3B+their+role+in+accelerating+desertification&rft.au=Belnap%2C+Jayne&rft.aulast=Belnap&rft.aufirst=Jayne&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arches National Park; desertification; deserts; ecology; ecosystems; environmental analysis; eolian features; erodibility; erosion rates; infiltration; land use; moisture; nutrients; physical properties; Plantae; semi-arid environment; soils; stability; surface features; terrestrial environment; United States; Utah ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secondary desertification due to salinization of intensively irrigated lands; the Israeli experience AN - 52482140; 1999-038562 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Banin, A AU - Fish, A A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 17 EP - 37 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - terrestrial environment KW - reclamation KW - halogens KW - water management KW - ecosystems KW - desertification KW - Israel KW - salt water KW - remediation KW - irrigation KW - ground water KW - chloride ion KW - Yizre'el Valley KW - Asia KW - water pollution KW - saline composition KW - Middle East KW - chlorine KW - concentration KW - arid environment KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - shallow aquifers KW - leaching KW - salinization KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52482140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Secondary+desertification+due+to+salinization+of+intensively+irrigated+lands%3B+the+Israeli+experience&rft.au=Banin%2C+A%3BFish%2C+A&rft.aulast=Banin&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; arid environment; Asia; chloride ion; chlorine; concentration; desertification; ecosystems; ground water; halogens; irrigation; Israel; land use; leaching; Middle East; pollution; reclamation; remediation; saline composition; salinization; salt water; shallow aquifers; soil management; terrestrial environment; water management; water pollution; water quality; Yizre'el Valley ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification and observation of desertification processes with the aid of measurements from space; results from the European Field Experiment in Desertification-Threatened Areas (EFEDA) AN - 52481985; 1999-038566 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Bolle, Hans-Jurgen A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 93 EP - 101 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - climatic controls KW - Spain KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - Europe KW - desertification KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - boundary conditions KW - Southern Europe KW - models KW - runoff KW - ecology KW - Castilla-La Mancha Spain KW - Mediterranean region KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52481985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Identification+and+observation+of+desertification+processes+with+the+aid+of+measurements+from+space%3B+results+from+the+European+Field+Experiment+in+Desertification-Threatened+Areas+%28EFEDA%29&rft.au=Bolle%2C+Hans-Jurgen&rft.aulast=Bolle&rft.aufirst=Hans-Jurgen&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; boundary conditions; Castilla-La Mancha Spain; climatic controls; data acquisition; data processing; desertification; ecology; environmental analysis; Europe; hydrology; Iberian Peninsula; Mediterranean region; models; remote sensing; runoff; soils; Southern Europe; Spain; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Mediterranean shrub on water erosion control AN - 52481968; 1999-038561 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Andreu, V AU - Rubio, J L AU - Cerni, R A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 5 EP - 15 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - shrub vegetation KW - revegetation KW - Plantae KW - erosion KW - Valencia region KW - Spain KW - water erosion KW - Europe KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - erosion features KW - preventive measures KW - Southern Europe KW - fires KW - conservation KW - erosion control KW - ecology KW - soil erosion KW - Valencia Spain KW - Mediterranean region KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52481968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Mediterranean+shrub+on+water+erosion+control&rft.au=Andreu%2C+V%3BRubio%2C+J+L%3BCerni%2C+R&rft.aulast=Andreu&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - conservation; ecology; erosion; erosion control; erosion features; Europe; fires; Iberian Peninsula; Mediterranean region; Plantae; preventive measures; revegetation; shrub vegetation; soil erosion; soils; Southern Europe; Spain; Valencia region; Valencia Spain; water erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Properties and erosional response of soils in a degraded ecosystem in Crete (Greece) AN - 52481379; 1999-038565 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Boix, C AU - Calvo, A AU - Imeson, A C AU - Schoorl, J M AU - Soto, Soriano AU - Tiemessen, I R A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 79 EP - 92 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - water use KW - soils KW - climatic controls KW - experimental studies KW - soil profiles KW - Greece KW - micromorphology KW - erosion KW - water erosion KW - Europe KW - desertification KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - climate change KW - Southern Europe KW - Crete KW - ecology KW - soil erosion KW - erodibility KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52481379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Properties+and+erosional+response+of+soils+in+a+degraded+ecosystem+in+Crete+%28Greece%29&rft.au=Boix%2C+C%3BCalvo%2C+A%3BImeson%2C+A+C%3BSchoorl%2C+J+M%3BSoto%2C+Soriano%3BTiemessen%2C+I+R&rft.aulast=Boix&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; climate change; climatic controls; Crete; desertification; ecology; environmental analysis; erodibility; erosion; Europe; experimental studies; Greece; land use; micromorphology; simulation; soil erosion; soil profiles; soils; Southern Europe; water erosion; water use ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A hierarchical approach for desertification assessment AN - 52481131; 1999-038564 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Bergkamp, Ger A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 59 EP - 78 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - Spain KW - moisture KW - arid environment KW - water management KW - Europe KW - ecosystems KW - desertification KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - central Spain KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - Southern Europe KW - conservation KW - ecology KW - landscapes KW - Castilla-La Mancha Spain KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52481131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=A+hierarchical+approach+for+desertification+assessment&rft.au=Bergkamp%2C+Ger&rft.aulast=Bergkamp&rft.aufirst=Ger&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; Castilla-La Mancha Spain; central Spain; conservation; degradation; desertification; ecology; ecosystems; environmental analysis; Europe; Iberian Peninsula; land use; landscapes; moisture; soils; Southern Europe; Spain; terrestrial environment; vegetation; water management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Earth observation satellite data for land degradation mapping and monitoring in Mediterranean ecosystems; towards a satellite-observatory AN - 52480450; 1999-038570 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Hill, J AU - Sommer, S AU - Mehl, W AU - Megier, J A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 143 EP - 158 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - climatic controls KW - thematic mapper KW - pedogenesis KW - imagery KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - satellite methods KW - environmental analysis KW - multispectral analysis KW - Landsat KW - ecology KW - Mediterranean region KW - land use KW - SPOT KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52480450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Use+of+Earth+observation+satellite+data+for+land+degradation+mapping+and+monitoring+in+Mediterranean+ecosystems%3B+towards+a+satellite-observatory&rft.au=Hill%2C+J%3BSommer%2C+S%3BMehl%2C+W%3BMegier%2C+J&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climatic controls; data acquisition; data processing; degradation; ecology; ecosystems; environmental analysis; imagery; land use; Landsat; Mediterranean region; monitoring; multispectral analysis; pedogenesis; remote sensing; satellite methods; soils; SPOT; thematic mapper; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Policy roots of land degradation in the arid region of the United States; an overview AN - 52480083; 1999-038569 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Hess, Karl, Jr AU - Holechek, Jerry L A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 123 EP - 141 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - United States KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - arid environment KW - public policy KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - desertification KW - New Mexico KW - preventive measures KW - California KW - Southern California KW - natural resources KW - conservation KW - Arizona KW - policy KW - Utah KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52480083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Policy+roots+of+land+degradation+in+the+arid+region+of+the+United+States%3B+an+overview&rft.au=Hess%2C+Karl%2C+Jr%3BHolechek%2C+Jerry+L&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; arid environment; Arizona; California; conservation; degradation; desertification; land use; natural resources; New Mexico; policy; pollution; preventive measures; public policy; soil management; soils; Southern California; terrestrial environment; United States; Utah ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desertification in developed countries AN - 52479082; 1999-038560 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 370 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - United States KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - industrialized countries KW - Spain KW - semi-arid environment KW - Europe KW - desertification KW - Russian Federation KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - Southern Europe KW - physical properties KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - erosion control KW - Southern Africa KW - Africa KW - ecology KW - South Africa KW - salinization KW - Mediterranean region KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52479082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Desertification+in+developed+countries&rft.title=Desertification+in+developed+countries&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Commonwealth of Independent States; desertification; ecology; erosion control; Europe; Iberian Peninsula; industrialized countries; land use; Mediterranean region; physical properties; Russian Federation; salinization; semi-arid environment; soil management; soils; South Africa; Southern Africa; Southern Europe; Spain; terrestrial environment; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desertification control; a framework for action AN - 52478406; 1999-038568 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Dregne, H E A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 111 EP - 122 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - erosion KW - arid environment KW - wind erosion KW - soil treatment KW - water erosion KW - desertification KW - vegetation KW - compactness KW - physical properties KW - ecology KW - rangelands KW - salinization KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52478406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Desertification+control%3B+a+framework+for+action&rft.au=Dregne%2C+H+E&rft.aulast=Dregne&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; compactness; degradation; desertification; ecology; erosion; land use; physical properties; rangelands; salinization; soil treatment; soils; terrestrial environment; vegetation; water erosion; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desertification in Russia; problems and solutions (an example in the Republic of Kalmykla-Khalmg Tangch) AN - 52477651; 1999-038575 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Zonn, Igor S A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 347 EP - 363 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - climatic controls KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - erosion KW - arid environment KW - wind erosion KW - Europe KW - desertification KW - Russian Federation KW - environmental analysis KW - Kalmyk Russian Federation KW - Kalmykla-Khalmg Tangch KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Caspian Sea KW - grasslands KW - ecology KW - rangelands KW - salinization KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52477651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Desertification+in+Russia%3B+problems+and+solutions+%28an+example+in+the+Republic+of+Kalmykla-Khalmg+Tangch%29&rft.au=Zonn%2C+Igor+S&rft.aulast=Zonn&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; Caspian Sea; climatic controls; Commonwealth of Independent States; degradation; desertification; ecology; environmental analysis; erosion; Europe; grasslands; Kalmyk Russian Federation; Kalmykla-Khalmg Tangch; land use; rangelands; Russian Federation; salinization; terrestrial environment; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A field study of the influence of land management and soil properties on runoff and soil loss in central Spain AN - 52477010; 1999-038574 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Williams, Andrew G AU - Les Ternan, J AU - Elmes, Andy AU - Gonzalez del Tanago, Marta AU - Blanco, Raoul A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 333 EP - 345 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - Puebla de Belena Spain KW - erosion KW - Spain KW - water erosion KW - Europe KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - central Spain KW - environmental analysis KW - preventive measures KW - Southern Europe KW - physical properties KW - erosion control KW - runoff KW - ecology KW - soil erosion KW - erodibility KW - Castilla-La Mancha Spain KW - land use KW - deforestation KW - soil management KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52477010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=A+field+study+of+the+influence+of+land+management+and+soil+properties+on+runoff+and+soil+loss+in+central+Spain&rft.au=Williams%2C+Andrew+G%3BLes+Ternan%2C+J%3BElmes%2C+Andy%3BGonzalez+del+Tanago%2C+Marta%3BBlanco%2C+Raoul&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Castilla-La Mancha Spain; central Spain; deforestation; ecology; environmental analysis; erodibility; erosion; erosion control; Europe; hydrology; Iberian Peninsula; land use; physical properties; preventive measures; Puebla de Belena Spain; runoff; soil erosion; soil management; soils; Southern Europe; Spain; water erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional landscape-ecological planning and desertification control in arid regions of the Commonwealth of Independent States AN - 52473519; 1999-038573 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Milanova, E V A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 239 EP - 244 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Aral region KW - Turkmenia KW - terrestrial environment KW - monitoring KW - arid environment KW - regional planning KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - desertification KW - Russian Federation KW - preventive measures KW - climate change KW - Central Asia KW - geographic information systems KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - policy KW - information systems KW - Asia KW - land use KW - soil management KW - remote sensing KW - Karakum KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52473519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Regional+landscape-ecological+planning+and+desertification+control+in+arid+regions+of+the+Commonwealth+of+Independent+States&rft.au=Milanova%2C+E+V&rft.aulast=Milanova&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aral region; arid environment; Asia; Central Asia; climate change; Commonwealth of Independent States; desertification; ecosystems; geographic information systems; global change; information systems; Karakum; land use; monitoring; policy; preventive measures; regional planning; remote sensing; Russian Federation; soil management; terrestrial environment; Turkmenia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desertification in Australia; an eye to grass roots and landscapes AN - 52473324; 1999-038572 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Ludwig, John A AU - Tongway, David J A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 231 EP - 237 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - Australasia KW - erosion KW - arid environment KW - wind erosion KW - water erosion KW - desertification KW - environmental analysis KW - drought KW - conservation KW - grasslands KW - ecology KW - Australia KW - savannas KW - soil erosion KW - landscapes KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52473324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Desertification+in+Australia%3B+an+eye+to+grass+roots+and+landscapes&rft.au=Ludwig%2C+John+A%3BTongway%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Ludwig&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; Australasia; Australia; conservation; desertification; drought; ecology; environmental analysis; erosion; grasslands; landscapes; savannas; soil erosion; soil management; soils; terrestrial environment; water erosion; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desertification of the eastern Karoo, South Africa; conflicting paleoecological, historical, and soil isotopic evidence AN - 51322922; 1999-038571 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Hoffman, M T AU - Bond, W J AU - Stock, W D A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 159 EP - 177 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - Karoo Basin KW - climatic controls KW - degradation KW - Quaternary KW - annual variations KW - isotopes KW - rainfall KW - desertification KW - stable isotopes KW - paleoecology KW - human ecology KW - adaptation KW - Cenozoic KW - archaeological sites KW - carbon KW - Southern Africa KW - Africa KW - C-13 KW - South Africa KW - land use KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51322922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Desertification+of+the+eastern+Karoo%2C+South+Africa%3B+conflicting+paleoecological%2C+historical%2C+and+soil+isotopic+evidence&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+M+T%3BBond%2C+W+J%3BStock%2C+W+D&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adaptation; Africa; annual variations; archaeological sites; C-13; carbon; Cenozoic; climatic controls; degradation; desertification; human ecology; hydrology; isotopes; Karoo Basin; land use; paleoecology; Quaternary; rainfall; soils; South Africa; Southern Africa; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Where, why and to what extent have rangelands in the Karoo, South Africa, desertified AN - 51322314; 1999-038567 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Dean, W R J AU - Milton, S J AU - du Plessis, M A A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 103 EP - 110 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Karoo Basin KW - terrestrial environment KW - arid environment KW - semi-arid environment KW - desertification KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - biota KW - Southern Africa KW - grasslands KW - Africa KW - ecology KW - basin management KW - South Africa KW - land use KW - Kalahari Desert KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51322314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Where%2C+why+and+to+what+extent+have+rangelands+in+the+Karoo%2C+South+Africa%2C+desertified&rft.au=Dean%2C+W+R+J%3BMilton%2C+S+J%3Bdu+Plessis%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Dean&rft.aufirst=W+R&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; arid environment; basin management; biota; desertification; ecology; environmental analysis; grasslands; Kalahari Desert; Karoo Basin; land use; semi-arid environment; South Africa; Southern Africa; terrestrial environment; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of magnetics for the location of environmental contamination AN - 51262904; 2007-109152 JF - Exploration Geophysics (Melbourne) AU - Pippett, Timothy D J AU - O'Donnell, Paul AU - Hankin, Stuart I AU - Blundell, Craig A AU - Gumley, Craig AU - Tucker, David Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 206 EP - 208 PB - Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Alderley, Queensl. VL - 26 IS - 2-3 SN - 0812-3985, 0812-3985 KW - high-resolution methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - Australasia KW - total-field methods KW - landfills KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - New South Wales Australia KW - magnetic methods KW - unexploded ordnance KW - Europe KW - iron KW - burial KW - military geology KW - detection KW - metals KW - Central Europe KW - surveys KW - northern Germany KW - Australia KW - waste disposal KW - Germany KW - Sydney Australia KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51262904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Exploration+Geophysics+%28Melbourne%29&rft.atitle=Use+of+magnetics+for+the+location+of+environmental+contamination&rft.au=Pippett%2C+Timothy+D+J%3BO%27Donnell%2C+Paul%3BHankin%2C+Stuart+I%3BBlundell%2C+Craig+A%3BGumley%2C+Craig%3BTucker%2C+David&rft.aulast=Pippett&rft.aufirst=Timothy+D&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=206&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Exploration+Geophysics+%28Melbourne%29&rft.issn=08123985&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.publish.csiro.au/nid/225/issue/4095.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 11th ASEG geophysical conference and exhibition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - Queensl. N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASEGBV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; burial; Central Europe; detection; Europe; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Germany; high-resolution methods; iron; landfills; magnetic methods; metals; military geology; New South Wales Australia; northern Germany; pollution; surveys; Sydney Australia; total-field methods; unexploded ordnance; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - UIC permitting process for Class IID and Class III wells; protection of drinking water in New York State AN - 50114249; 1995-061235 JF - AAPG Bulletin AU - Hillenbrand, Charles J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 1415 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK VL - 79 IS - 9 SN - 0149-1423, 0149-1423 KW - wells KW - United States KW - mining KW - regulations KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - movement KW - Oriskany Sandstone KW - construction KW - protection KW - water supply KW - Lower Silurian KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - solution mining KW - monitoring KW - pressure KW - Paleozoic KW - Salina Group KW - confined aquifers KW - injection KW - pollution KW - potentiometric surface KW - evaporites KW - Silurian KW - aquifers KW - Lower Devonian KW - New York KW - Akron Dolomite KW - Devonian KW - brines KW - Upper Silurian KW - permits KW - waste disposal KW - Medina Formation KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - salt KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50114249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.atitle=UIC+permitting+process+for+Class+IID+and+Class+III+wells%3B+protection+of+drinking+water+in+New+York+State&rft.au=Hillenbrand%2C+Charles+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hillenbrand&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.issn=01491423&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aapgbull.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Eastern Section meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AABUD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Akron Dolomite; aquifers; brines; chemically precipitated rocks; confined aquifers; construction; Devonian; drinking water; evaporites; ground water; injection; Lower Devonian; Lower Silurian; Medina Formation; mining; monitoring; movement; New York; Oriskany Sandstone; Paleozoic; permits; pollution; potentiometric surface; pressure; protection; regulations; Salina Group; salt; sedimentary rocks; Silurian; solution mining; United States; Upper Silurian; waste disposal; water resources; water supply; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Children--unique and vulnerable. Environmental risks facing children and recommendations for response. AN - 36322515; 201002-31-0247356 (CE); 11701699 (EN) AB - Children may be more susceptible to exposures to environmental toxins than adults and may be more vulnerable to their effects. Because of this, the health care community and those responsible for children need to be alert to possible environmental factors in identifying and responding to the health problems of children. Their focus should be on the causes of the health problem, emphasizing environmental sources, and not on simply treating the symptoms. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Goldman, L R AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 13 EP - 18 PB - U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES VL - 103 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Children KW - Health KW - Adults KW - Communities KW - Risk KW - Health care KW - Toxins KW - Exposure KW - Article KW - EE 10:General Environmental Engineering (EN) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/36322515?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Children--unique+and+vulnerable.+Environmental+risks+facing+children+and+recommendations+for+response.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Case study; conducting an accelerated cleanup at a Superfund site in a mixed residential and industrial area AN - 1729844744; 2015-100907 AB - This article presents a case study of an accelerated cleanup conducted by EPA at the Adams Plating Company (APC) Superfund site near Lansing, Michigan. The APC site remediation was a Superfund EPA-lead project under the remedial program in Region 5. An accelerated cleanup was possible at the APC site by consistently identifying, evaluating, and implementing opportunities to streamline the remedial investigation (RI) and remedial design (RD) process. Streamlining opportunities were discovered and implemented in both the technical and administrative aspects of the project. Streamlining components used to accelerate the remedial process included: (1) extensive use of field screening techniques during the Phase II RI; (2) a focused feasibility study (FS) that evaluated only practical alternatives; (3) maintaining project momentum by initiating the RD concurrent with the issuance of the Record of Decision (ROD); (4) a highly accelerated RD with limited predesign work; (5) elimination of the transition period between RD and remedial action (RA) project phases; (6) frequent and effective communication, coordination, and cooperation between all parties involved (EPA, Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR), technical contractor, PRC Environmental Management, Inc. (PRC), and the public); (7) maintaining a consistent project team throughout project duration; and (8) the setting of aggressive project goals. Abstract Copyright (1995), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Padovani, Steven J AU - Mastrolonardo, Ray AU - Freibert, Mary Joyce Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 105 EP - 115 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - programs KW - Lansing Michigan KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - chemical waste KW - environmental analysis KW - Adams Platin Company site KW - feasibility studies KW - remediation KW - case studies KW - decontamination KW - Michigan KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729844744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Case+study%3B+conducting+an+accelerated+cleanup+at+a+Superfund+site+in+a+mixed+residential+and+industrial+area&rft.au=Padovani%2C+Steven+J%3BMastrolonardo%2C+Ray%3BFreibert%2C+Mary+Joyce&rft.aulast=Padovani&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440050410 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams Platin Company site; case studies; chemical waste; decision-making; decontamination; environmental analysis; feasibility studies; Lansing Michigan; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; pollution; programs; reclamation; remediation; soils; Superfund sites; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440050410 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The breeding habitats of Aedes mosquitoes and the epidemic of Dengue fever in Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan AN - 15914821; 4044837 AB - Intensive studies on vector ecology were undertaken in Sanmin District, Kaoshiung City, Taiwan, where a large number of indigenous cases of dengue fever occurred. In 1991, a study found that the most common Aedes breeding sites in decreasing order were flower vases, tires, buckets, flooded basements, cans and bottles, water jars, tanks, and refrigerator receptacles. Aedes larvae were found mostly in containers made of plastic, followed by those made of porcelain, rubber, cement, metal and glass. In Sanmin District, the number of outdoor artificial water containers with breeding Aedes was higher than that of indoor containers. After industrialization and commercialization, plastic containers and rubber tires increased rapidly and due to urbanization, planting containers, e.g. flower vases and ornamental containers, also increased. The results indicated that epidemic areas had more storage containers, discarded containers and flooded basements than areas with no epidemic. In dengue fever epidemic areas, building basements, huge storage containers, discarded tires scattered around households, and especially flooded basements and discarded containers on vacant lots became the major breeding sites of Aedes mosquitoes. The main breeding sites for mosquito vectors are vacant lots and flooded basements, therefore, such places should be inventoried and cleaned up. Efforts have thus been made to solve this problem. JF - Chinese Journal of Entomology/Zhonghua Kunchong AU - Hwang, Ji-Sen AU - Wu, Huai-Hui AU - Chang, Niann-Tai AD - Bureau Environ. Sanitation and Toxic Substances Control, E.P.A., No. 41, Sec. 1, Chung Hwa Rd., Taipei, Taiwan Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 215 EP - 225 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0258-462X, 0258-462X KW - Diptera KW - Taiwan, Kaohsiung City, Sanmin District KW - aquatic insects KW - biological vectors KW - human diseases KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Taiwan KW - Aedes aegypti KW - Culicidae KW - breeding sites KW - Freshwater KW - dengue virus KW - vectors KW - public health KW - V 22123:Epidemiology KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15914821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chinese+Journal+of+Entomology%2FZhonghua+Kunchong&rft.atitle=The+breeding+habitats+of+Aedes+mosquitoes+and+the+epidemic+of+Dengue+fever+in+Sanmin+District%2C+Kaohsiung+City%2C+Taiwan&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Ji-Sen%3BWu%2C+Huai-Hui%3BChang%2C+Niann-Tai&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Ji-Sen&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chinese+Journal+of+Entomology%2FZhonghua+Kunchong&rft.issn=0258462X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - vectors; biological vectors; human diseases; breeding sites; aquatic insects; public health; Aedes aegypti; Culicidae; Diptera; dengue virus; Taiwan; Freshwater ER - TY - CONF T1 - The concern for developmental neurotoxicology: Is it justified and what is being done about it? AN - 15836849; 4012261 AB - In general, it is believed that the possibility of an adverse developmental outcome following conception is relatively high. In most cases, the cause of the defect is not clear, although exposure to chemical agents at a critical period during development has been proposed to play a significant role. Consequently, regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) have promulgated testing guidelines for assessing developmental neurotoxicity of chemicals in animal testing protocols. Concerns have been expressed about the use of behavioral tests to evaluate chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity, since some investigators believe that they lack predictive validity for human developmental neurotoxicity. Other investigators have indicated that results from such studies are difficult to interpret because of a lack of standardization and sensitivity of the tests. Furthermore, it has been argued that the developing organism is not especially sensitive to chemicals or, if effects are observed, the developing organism is capable of compensating for the deficit. Recent research, however, has adequately demonstrated that developing organisms are especially vulnerable to chemical agents if the exposure occurs at a critical period during development, while other studies have supported the assumption that functional or behavioral effects observed in animal models can be extrapolated to humans. These findings support the routine assessment of chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity using functional end points and suggest that currently available methods could be used to determine more precisely the mechanism of chemical-induced developmental defects. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Tilson, HA Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 VL - 103 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - NIH 95-218 KW - toxicity testing KW - neurotoxicity KW - risk assessment KW - teratogenicity KW - N3 11101:General KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15836849?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+concern+for+developmental+neurotoxicology%3A+Is+it+justified+and+what+is+being+done+about+it%3F&rft.au=Tilson%2C+HA&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=HA&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+6+Sul.&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in two Southern California counties. AN - 77855805; 8674485 AB - Several epidemiologic studies have reported associations between respiratory disease and particulate matter less than 2.5 microns in diameter (PM2.5) or fine particles. However, since daily fine particulate data from ambient monitors are seldom available, many studies have used estimates of PM2.5 based on visual range observed at local airports. This paper examines the impact of visibility-based estimates of PM2.5 on mortality from 1980 through 1986 in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, located in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Multiple regression analysis was used to isolate the effects of estimated fine particles on mortality while controlling for covariates, including season, day of week, maximum temperature, and dew point. The results are dependent on season. During the summer quarters, there was a small but statistically significant association of estimated fine particles with both total mortality (RR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.00-1.05, evaluated at the mean PM2.5 value of 32.5 microg/m3) and respiratory-specific mortality. However, for the year taken as a whole, estimated fine particles were not associated with mortality (RR = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.99-1.02). The use of estimated fine particles introduces additional measurement error into the analysis. During the summer quarters, an effect of ozone on mortality was also detected, but this association could be due to confounding with temperature. Sensitivity analysis indicated that the fine particulate association found during the summer quarters was robust to alternative estimates deriving fine particles from visual range, alternative regression specifications, functional forms, and exposure averaging times. These findings are consistent with another recent study of mortality in Los Angeles County and add to the other findings of associations between particulate matter and various respiratory diseases outcomes. JF - Environmental research AU - Ostro, B AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 98 EP - 104 VL - 70 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Regression Analysis KW - Cardiovascular Diseases -- mortality KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Cohort Studies KW - Aged KW - Longitudinal Studies KW - California -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- mortality KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77855805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+research&rft.atitle=Fine+particulate+air+pollution+and+mortality+in+two+Southern+California+counties.&rft.au=Ostro%2C+B&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of temperature, stress, and other factors in the neurotoxicity of the substituted amphetamines 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and fenfluramine. AN - 77762546; 8561961 AB - Amphetamines (AMPs) can cause long-term depletions in striatal dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT), and these decrements are often accepted as prima facie evidence of AMP-induced damage to the dopaminergic and serotonergic projections to striatum. Rarely are indices linked to neural damage used to evaluate the neurotoxicity of the AMPs. Here, we determined the potential neurotoxic effects of two substituted AMPs, d-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (d-MDMA) and d-fenfluramine (d-FEN) in group-housed female C57BL6/J mice. Astrogliosis, assessed by quantification of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), was the main indicator of d-MDMA-induced neural damage. Assays of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), DA, and 5-HT were used to determine effects on DA and 5-HT systems. Since AMPs are noted for both their stimulatory and hyperthermia-inducing properties, activity, as well as core temperature, was monitored in several experiments. To extend the generality of our findings, these same end points were examined in singly housed female C57bL6/J mice and in group-housed male C57BL6/J or female B6C3F1 mice after treatment with d-MDMA. Mice received either d-MDMA (20 mg/kg) (singly housed mice received dosages of 20, 30, or 40 mg/kg) or d-FEN (25 mg/kg) every 2 h for a total of four sc injections. d-MDMA caused hyperthermia, whereas d-FEN induced hypothermia. d-MDMA cause a large (300%) increase in striatal GFAP that resolved by 3 wk and a 50-75% decrease in TH and DA that was still apparent at 3 wk, d-FEN did not affect any parameters in striatum. d-MDMA is a striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicant in both male and female C57BL6/mice, as evidenced by astrogliosis and depletions of DA in this area in both sexes. The greater lethality to males suggests they may be more sensitive, at least to the general toxicity of d-MDMA, that females. d-MDMA (20 mg/kg) induced the same degree of damage whether mice were housed singly or in groups. Higher dosages in singly housed mice induced greater lethality, but not greater neurotoxicity. d-MDMA was also effective in inducing striatal damage in mice of the B6C3F1 strain. Significant increases in activity were induced by d-MDMA, and these increases were not blocked by pretreatment with MK-801, despite the profound lowering of body temperature induced by this combination. A lowering of body temperature, whether by a 15 degree C ambient temperature (approx 2 degree drop), pretreatment with MK-801 (1.0 mg/kg prior to the first and third d-MDMA injections; approx 5-6 degrees C drop) or restraint (approx 5-6 degrees C drop) was effective in blocking the neurotoxicity of d-MDMA in both C57BL6/J and B6C3F1. The stimulatory effects of d-MDMA appeared to have little impact on the neurotoxicity induced by d-MDMA or the protection conferred by MK-801. These data suggest that in the mouse, the neurotoxic effects of d-MDMA, and most likly other AMPs, are linked to an effect on body temperature. JF - Molecular neurobiology AU - Miller, D B AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 17711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 177 EP - 192 VL - 11 IS - 1-3 SN - 0893-7648, 0893-7648 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors KW - Fenfluramine KW - 2DS058H2CF KW - Serotonin KW - 333DO1RDJY KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.16.2 KW - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine KW - KE1SEN21RM KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase -- metabolism KW - Restraint, Physical KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Temperature KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- pharmacology KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Fever -- chemically induced KW - Kinetics KW - Hypothermia -- chemically induced KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Social Isolation KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Fenfluramine -- toxicity KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- metabolism KW - Stress, Psychological KW - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine -- toxicity KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- pathology KW - Serotonin -- metabolism KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77762546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+neurobiology&rft.atitle=The+role+of+temperature%2C+stress%2C+and+other+factors+in+the+neurotoxicity+of+the+substituted+amphetamines+3%2C4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine+and+fenfluramine.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+neurobiology&rft.issn=08937648&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In utero 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) alters reproductive morphology and function in female rat offspring. AN - 77457059; 7645025 AB - Exposure to pesticides or toxic substances that disrupt the endocrine system during sex differentiation can permanently alter reproductive function and produce morphological pseudohermaphrodism. While some developmental toxicants affect either the male or the female, in utero exposure to 0.5 micrograms TCDD/kg/day from Gestational Day (GD) 6 to GD 15 induces infertility in both sexes (K.S. Khera and J.A. Ruddick, Chlorodioxins--Origins and Fate, pp. 70-84, Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC, 1973). Although a number studies have focused on the effects of a single dose of TCDD on sex differentiation of the male rat and hamster, the reproductive alterations that account for female-mediated infertility after in utero exposure to TCDD have not been described. Hence, it was our objective to describe the anatomical and functional reproductive alterations in female progeny after gestational administration of TCDD. In the first experiment, LE Hooded rats were given a single dose of 1 microgram TCDD/kg by gavage on CD 8 (i.e., a period that includes major organogenesis) or GD 15 (i.e., a period prior to sex differentiation and a dosing regime that alters sex differentiation of the male LE rat). In a second experiment, Holtzman rats were dosed with TCDD at 1 microgram/kg on GD 15, to determine if the progeny of this strain displayed malformations of the external genitalia and vaginal orifice as did LE rats. TCDD-treated female LE offspring displayed a number of unusual reproductive alterations. In the GD 15 group, puberty was delayed, more than 65% of the female offspring displayed complete to partial clefting of the phallus, and 80% displayed a permanent "thread" of tissue across the opening of the vagina. In the GD 8 treatment group, 25% displayed partially cleft phallus and 14% had a vaginal thread. GD 15 TCDD administration also induced a high incidence of malformations in Holtzman female progeny (100% clefting and 83% with a vaginal thread). At necropsy (> 550 days old), ovarian weight was significantly reduced by 23% in both rat strains. In the LE rat, vaginal and behavioral estrous cyclicity, estrous cycle-mediated running wheel activity, and female sexual behaviors at proestrus (darting and lordosis to mount ratios) were not affected by gestational GD 15 TCDD treatment. However, untreated stud males had difficulty attaining intromission and took longer to ejaculate and vaginal bleeding was displayed during mating by GD 15 TCDD-exposed female offspring.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gray, L E AU - Ostby, J S AD - Developmental Reproductive Toxicology Section, Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 285 EP - 294 VL - 133 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Vagina -- drug effects KW - Endometrial Hyperplasia -- chemically induced KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Sex Factors KW - Vagina -- pathology KW - Gestational Age KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Estrus -- drug effects KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Sexual Maturation -- drug effects KW - Sexual Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Ovary -- pathology KW - Grooming -- drug effects KW - Uterus -- pathology KW - Female KW - Fertility -- drug effects KW - Genitalia, Female -- drug effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Genitalia, Female -- pathology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77457059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=In+utero+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+alters+reproductive+morphology+and+function+in+female+rat+offspring.&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E%3BOstby%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-21 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proportion of moderately exercising individuals responding to low-level, multi-hour ozone exposure. AN - 77438604; 7633712 AB - The purpose of this study was to describe the proportion of moderately exercising individuals experiencing significant respiratory responses to low-level, multi-hour ozone exposure as a function of ozone concentration and exposure duration. Sixty-eight healthy, nonsmoking adults, ages 18 to 34 yr, underwent two or more 6.6-h exposures to 0.0, 0.08, 0.10, or 0.12 ppm ozone. Five hours of exercise was performed during exposure, and lung function was measured before exposure and following each hour of exposure. For each combination of concentration and duration, each individual was determined to either have or not have experienced a 10% or greater decrement in FEV1. A logistic function was used to model the proportion of individuals experiencing such a decrement as a function of concentration and exposure duration. Bootstrap 90% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated around the predictions. The model was found to give predictions that were in good agreement with observed data. The lowest level of exposure (C x T) for which the 90% CI excluded zero was approximately 0.2 ppm-h. For exposure to 0.12 ppm ozone for 6.6 h, 47% (90% CI = 30 to 65%) of exposed individuals were predicted to experience a 10% decrement in FEV1. A greater proportion of younger adults than of older adults were found to experience a given effect for a given exposure. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Stewart, P W AU - Andreoni, S AU - Smith, M V AD - Clinical Research Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 589 EP - 596 VL - 152 IS - 2 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Age Factors KW - Logistic Models KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Forecasting KW - Air KW - Adolescent KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Forced Expiratory Volume -- drug effects KW - Physical Exertion -- physiology KW - Air Pollutants -- administration & dosage KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Lung -- physiopathology KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77438604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Proportion+of+moderately+exercising+individuals+responding+to+low-level%2C+multi-hour+ozone+exposure.&rft.au=McDonnell%2C+W+F%3BStewart%2C+P+W%3BAndreoni%2C+S%3BSmith%2C+M+V&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-14 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acrylamide: a review of its genotoxicity and an assessment of heritable genetic risk. AN - 77414659; 7623872 AB - An updated review of the genotoxicity studies with acrylamide is provided. Then, using data from the studies generating quantitative information concerning heritability of genetic effects, an assessment of the heritable genetic risk presented by acrylamide is presented. The review offers a discussion of the reactions and possible mechanisms of genotoxic action by acrylamide and its epoxide metabolite glycidamide. Several genetic risk approaches are discussed, including the parallelogram, direct (actually a modified direct), and doubling dose approaches. Using data from the specific-locus and heritable translocation assays, the modified direct and doubling dose approaches are utilized to quantitate genetic risk. Exposures of male parents to acrylamide via inhalation, ingestion, and dermal routes are also quantitated. With these approaches and measurements and their underlying assumptions concerning extrapolation factors (including germ cell stage specificity, DNA repair variability, locus specificity), number of human loci associated with dominant disease alleles, and spontaneous mutation rates, an assessment of heritable genetic risk for humans is calculated for the three exposure scenarios. The calculated estimates for offspring from fathers exposed to acrylamide via drinking water are up to three offspring potentially affected with induced genetic disease per 10(8) offspring. Estimates for inhalation or dermal exposures suggest higher risks for induced genetic disease in offspring from fathers exposed in occupational settings. JF - Mutation research AU - Dearfield, K L AU - Douglas, G R AU - Ehling, U H AU - Moore, M M AU - Sega, G A AU - Brusick, D J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 71 EP - 99 VL - 330 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Acrylamides KW - 0 KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - Mutagens KW - Water Pollutants KW - Acrylamide KW - 20R035KLCI KW - glycidamide KW - 6G5ELX5XYN KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Epoxy Compounds -- toxicity KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Acrylamides -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards KW - Germ-Line Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77414659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Acrylamide%3A+a+review+of+its+genotoxicity+and+an+assessment+of+heritable+genetic+risk.&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+K+L%3BDouglas%2C+G+R%3BEhling%2C+U+H%3BMoore%2C+M+M%3BSega%2C+G+A%3BBrusick%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=330&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Information requirements and regulatory approaches for heritable genetic risk assessment and risk communication. AN - 77414507; 7623869 AB - With the evolution of genetic toxicology as a scientific discipline and the formation of the Environmental Mutagen Society (EMS), much thought was given to the study of chemicals in the human environment for their mutagenic effects. The Society's goal was to promote scientific investigation and dissemination of information related to genetic toxicology. Subsequently, the concern for chemically induced genetic damage in human germ cells and its potential impact on genetic diseases was detailed in the Committee 17 Report (1975). With new information on the involvement of genetic alterations in disease and on the ramifications of possible effects of exposures to environmental mutagens, it is becoming increasingly necessary to again focus our attention on the assessment of heritable genetic effects. Clearly, strategies for communication of genetic hazard/risk assessments to exposed individuals and to those charged with regulating environmental agents need to be developed. JF - Mutation research AU - Dearfield, K L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 35 EP - 40 VL - 330 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Ethylene Oxide KW - JJH7GNN18P KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Risk Assessment KW - Ethylene Oxide -- toxicity KW - Information Services KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Environmental Exposure -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards KW - Germ-Line Mutation KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77414507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Information+requirements+and+regulatory+approaches+for+heritable+genetic+risk+assessment+and+risk+communication.&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=330&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Germ line specific factors in chemical mutagenesis. AN - 77413906; 7623867 AB - Chemical mutagenesis test results have not revealed evidence of germ line specific mutagens. However, conventional assays have indicated that there are male-female differences in mutagenic response, as well as quantitative/qualitative differences in induced mutations which depend upon the particular cell stage exposed. Many factors inherent in the germ line can be speculated to influence chemical transport to, and interaction with, target cell populations to result in mutagenic outcomes. The level of uncertainty regarding the general operation of such factors, in combination with the limited availability of chemical test data designed to address comparative somatic and germ cell mutagenesis, leaves open the question of whether there are mutagens specifically affecting germ cells. This argues for a conservative approach to interpreting germ cell risk from somatic cell mutation analysis. JF - Mutation research AU - Allen, J W AU - Ehling, U H AU - Moore, M M AU - Lewis, S E AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 219 EP - 231 VL - 330 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sex Factors KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Meiosis -- physiology KW - Meiosis -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Gene Expression KW - Sertoli Cells -- physiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Germ Cells -- physiology KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards KW - Germ-Line Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77413906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Germ+line+specific+factors+in+chemical+mutagenesis.&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+W%3BEhling%2C+U+H%3BMoore%2C+M+M%3BLewis%2C+S+E&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=330&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled iron corrosion and chromate reduction; mechanisms for subsurface remediation AN - 52821486; 1996-055079 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Powell, Robert M AU - Puls, Robert W AU - Hightower, K AU - Sabatini, David A Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 1913 EP - 1922 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - coupling KW - solution KW - electrochemical properties KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - electron probe data KW - chemical reactions KW - Massachusetts KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - chromium KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - corrosion KW - Cape Cod KW - in situ KW - Elizabeth City North Carolina KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - rates KW - chromates KW - aquifers KW - hydroxides KW - Barnstable County Massachusetts KW - metals KW - North Carolina KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52821486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Coupled+iron+corrosion+and+chromate+reduction%3B+mechanisms+for+subsurface+remediation&rft.au=Powell%2C+Robert+M%3BPuls%2C+Robert+W%3BHightower%2C+K%3BSabatini%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1913&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; Barnstable County Massachusetts; Cape Cod; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chromates; chromium; corrosion; coupling; electrochemical properties; electron probe data; Elizabeth City North Carolina; ground water; hydroxides; in situ; iron; Massachusetts; metals; North Carolina; oxides; pollutants; pollution; rates; remediation; solution; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of patterns of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in water, sediment, and indigenous organisms from New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts AN - 50127130; 1995-053184 JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Lake, J L AU - McKinney, R AU - Lake, C A AU - Osterman, F A AU - Heltshe, J Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 207 EP - 220 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg-Berlin VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - PCBs KW - gas chromatograms KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - bioavailability KW - biota KW - organic compounds KW - New Bedford Harbor KW - detection KW - Buzzards Bay KW - Massachusetts KW - Plymouth County Massachusetts KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50127130?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+patterns+of+polychlorinated+biphenyl+congeners+in+water%2C+sediment%2C+and+indigenous+organisms+from+New+Bedford+Harbor%2C+Massachusetts&rft.au=Lake%2C+J+L%3BMcKinney%2C+R%3BLake%2C+C+A%3BOsterman%2C+F+A%3BHeltshe%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AECTCV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioavailability; biota; Buzzards Bay; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; detection; ecosystems; gas chromatograms; halogenated hydrocarbons; Massachusetts; New Bedford Harbor; organic compounds; PCBs; Plymouth County Massachusetts; pollutants; pollution; sediments; surface water; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of soil water retention models based on basic soil physical properties AN - 50116673; 1995-056423 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Kern, Jeffrey S Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 1134 EP - 1141 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 59 IS - 4 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - hydrology KW - water storage KW - bulk density KW - pressure KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - vegetation KW - models KW - water pressure KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - retention KW - water regimes KW - algorithms KW - organic carbon KW - climate KW - storage KW - changes KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50116673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+soil+water+retention+models+based+on+basic+soil+physical+properties&rft.au=Kern%2C+Jeffrey+S&rft.aulast=Kern&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; bulk density; carbon; changes; climate; hydrology; models; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; physical properties; prediction; pressure; retention; soils; storage; unsaturated zone; vegetation; water pressure; water regimes; water storage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geographic patterns of soil water-holding capacity in the contiguous United States AN - 50113527; 1995-056422 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Kern, Jeffrey S Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 1126 EP - 1133 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 59 IS - 4 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - soils KW - moisture KW - grain size KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - regional patterns KW - models KW - spatial variations KW - size distribution KW - data bases KW - water regimes KW - ecology KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50113527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Geographic+patterns+of+soil+water-holding+capacity+in+the+contiguous+United+States&rft.au=Kern%2C+Jeffrey+S&rft.aulast=Kern&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1126&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate; data bases; data processing; ecology; grain size; models; moisture; regional patterns; size distribution; soils; spatial variations; United States; unsaturated zone; water regimes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photochemical redox cycling of iron in coastal seawater AN - 50105332; 1995-068903 AB - Reduced iron, Fe(II), and hydrogen peroxide, H (sub 2) O (sub 2) , were measured in numerous laboratory solar simulation experiments. Under constant irradiation of freshly collected, 0.2 mu m filtered water from Narragansett Bay (NBSW), H (sub 2) O (sub 2) accumulates in a linear fashion for at least 2 h at rates from 30 to 59 nM h (super -1) . Our measurements of Fe(II) accumulation in this study provide some of the first direct measurements of photochemical iron reduction in natural seawater at pH 8 in a controlled laboratory setting. At ambient pH, the peak concentration of Fe(II) ranged from 4 to 8% of the total iron concentration. Lowering the pH resulted in increased Fe(II) concentrations over the entire course of the experiment. Measured H (sub 2) O (sub 2) accumulation, published iron oxide solubility products, and published reaction rates for iron oxidation and reduction by oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and oxygen radicals were used to develop a kinetic model which accounts for the general magnitude and timing of Fe(II) concentration variations observed in our experiments. Our model shows that measured steady state Fe(II) concentrations in irradiated seawater are controlled largely by pH dependent oxidation by oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, and by both oxidation and reduction of iron by photochemically produced superoxide. JF - Marine Chemistry AU - Miller, William L AU - King, D Whitney AU - Lin, Jie AU - Kester, Dana R A2 - Bruland, Kenneth W. A2 - Wells, Mark L. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 63 EP - 77 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 50 IS - 1-4 SN - 0304-4203, 0304-4203 KW - United States KW - cycles KW - sea water KW - Narragansett Bay KW - Rhode Island KW - iron KW - chemical reactions KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - Eh KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - photochemistry KW - rates KW - solubility KW - measurement KW - ferrous iron KW - models KW - metals KW - hydrogen peroxide KW - coastal environment KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50105332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Photochemical+redox+cycling+of+iron+in+coastal+seawater&rft.au=Miller%2C+William+L%3BKing%2C+D+Whitney%3BLin%2C+Jie%3BKester%2C+Dana+R&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Chemistry&rft.issn=03044203&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03044203 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - The chemistry of iron in seawater and its interaction with phytoplankton N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 69 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MRCHBD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; chemical reactions; coastal environment; cycles; Eh; experimental studies; ferrous iron; hydrogen peroxide; iron; kinetics; measurement; metals; models; Narragansett Bay; North Atlantic; Northwest Atlantic; oxidation; pH; photochemistry; rates; reduction; Rhode Island; sea water; solubility; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone-induced tissue injury and changes in antioxidant homeostasis in normal and ascorbate-deficient guinea pigs. AN - 77437100; 7632169 AB - It has been reported previously that ozone (O3) toxicity from acute (4 hr) exposure is enhanced by ascorbate (AH2) deficiency in guinea pigs. We hypothesized that lung injury from continuous 1-week O3 exposure would also be increased under conditions of AH2 deficiency because of (1) a diminished antioxidant pool to counteract the oxidant challenge, (2) impaired reparation of tissue injury, and/or (3) altered antioxidant redox homeostasis. Female Hartley guinea pigs (260-330 g) were made AH2 deficient by providing a diet similar to guinea pig chow, but having no AH2. The dietary regimen was started 1 week prior to exposure and was continued during exposure to O3 (0, 0.2, 0.4, or 0.8 ppm, 23 hr/day, 7 days) as well as 1 week post-exposure. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and tissue AH2 were measured in subgroups at the beginning of exposure (1 week on the AH2-deficient diet), at its termination and 1 week post-exposure. AH2 measured in ear tissue punches proved to be an easy and effective monitor for AH2 deficiency. One week on the AH2-deficient diet caused a 70-80% drop in ear, lung and liver AH2, while AH2 in BAL was decreased by 90%. Immediately after the exposure, total BAL protein and albumin (markers of lung permeability) were increased (approximately 50%) at 0.8 ppm with no difference between the dietary groups. O3 caused an increase in total BAL cells and neutrophils in a concentration-dependent manner with only a slight augmentation due to diet. Exposure to O3 caused an increase in lung and BAL AH2 in normal guinea pigs. Glutathione and uric acid were also increased in the lung and BAL after O3 exposure (40-570%) in both dietary groups, and the levels remained elevated during the recovery period. Lung alpha-tocopherol was not changed due to O3. A significant overall diet-related decrease was seen in AH2-deficient guinea pigs, immediately after the exposure and recovery. In summary, lung injury/inflammation following 1 week O3 exposure and recovery were minimally affected by AH2 deficiency. Antioxidants also appeared to increase in response to O3 exposure despite the deficiency in AH2. JF - Biochemical pharmacology AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Costa, D L AU - Dreher, K L AU - Crissman, K AU - Hatch, G E AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/07/17/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jul 17 SP - 243 EP - 251 VL - 50 IS - 2 SN - 0006-2952, 0006-2952 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Vitamin E KW - 1406-18-4 KW - Uric Acid KW - 268B43MJ25 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Ascorbic Acid KW - PQ6CK8PD0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Ascorbic Acid -- administration & dosage KW - Cell Count KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Vitamin E -- analysis KW - Homeostasis KW - Ascorbic Acid -- analysis KW - Organ Size KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- chemistry KW - Uric Acid -- analysis KW - Glutathione -- analysis KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Female KW - Ascorbic Acid Deficiency -- metabolism KW - Antioxidants -- metabolism KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77437100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Ozone-induced+tissue+injury+and+changes+in+antioxidant+homeostasis+in+normal+and+ascorbate-deficient+guinea+pigs.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+U+P%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BDreher%2C+K+L%3BCrissman%2C+K%3BHatch%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1995-07-17&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.issn=00062952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of important design issues for a National Human Exposure Assessment Survey. AN - 77818922; 8814772 AB - Exposure issues have important consequences for regulatory decisions. Reliable answers to exposure questions are critical for site cleanup, model validation, and cumulative risk issues, as well as giving perspective on our risk estimates. This paper discusses some of the important issues in designing the National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS) and, by implication, other exposure-monitoring-based studies as well. Sampling design issues are discussed in terms useful to exposure assessors. These issues include simple random sample designs versus more complex multistage designs, design efficiency, how to determine the sample size for the desired precision of the estimate, and the effects of stratification and oversampling on the needed sample size. This paper also discusses several important nonsampling issues such as population definition, response rates, and several potential sources of error in interpreting the monitoring results. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Callahan, M A AU - Clickner, R P AU - Whitmore, R W AU - Kalton, G AU - Sexton, K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 257 EP - 282 VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Data Collection KW - Sample Size KW - Research Design KW - Population Surveillance -- methods KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Sampling Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77818922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Overview+of+important+design+issues+for+a+National+Human+Exposure+Assessment+Survey.&rft.au=Callahan%2C+M+A%3BClickner%2C+R+P%3BWhitmore%2C+R+W%3BKalton%2C+G%3BSexton%2C+K&rft.aulast=Callahan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response assessments for developmental toxicity. IV. Benchmark doses for fetal weight changes. AN - 77740243; 7589910 AB - Recently, most attention on the application of benchmark dose (BMD) techniques to toxicology data has focused on quantal measures of response. Before the advantages of the BMD approach can be exploited in the risk assessment process, it is important that continuous measures of response also be modeled appropriately. In this study, we examined a variety of approaches to estimating BMDs for a change in fetal weight following chemical exposure from a total of 85 developmental toxicity experiments. We modeled the change in the mean fetal weight of a litter in response to treatment using a continuous power model, as well as reductions in the weight of individual fetuses within litters (defined as falling below a preset level) using a log-logistic model which incorporates litter size as a covariable and considers intralitter correlations. For the litter-based approach, several methods of defining a benchmark effect (BME) were considered, including a percentage change in mean litter weight, a change in mean litter weight relative to variability in the control group, and a reduction in the mean litter weight to some point on the control group distribution curve. For the fetus-based approach, we examined several BME options on the cumulative frequency distribution of the control fetuses for defining a low weight fetus and calculated several levels of additional risk. BMDs for four litter-based BMEs (a difference of 5% in mean fetal weight, a decrease to the 25th percentile mean weight of control litters, a decrease in the mean weight by 2 standard errors, and a decrease of 0.5 standard deviation units) and two fetus-based BMEs (a 5% added risk of weighing less than the 5th percentile of control weights and a 10% added risk of weighing less than the 10th percentile) showed strong similarities to each other and to statistically derived NOAELs. In addition to providing comparison with the NOAEL as a reference value, these analyses provided confirmation of the advantages of the BMD approach over the NOAEL in terms of the influence of dose spacing and dose selection. Combined with our previous analyses of quantal endpoints of fetal effects, this information provides a firm basis upon which to implement the benchmark dose concept in developmental toxicity risk assessments. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Allen, B C AU - Faustman, E M AU - Kimmel, C A AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 211 EP - 222 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Litter Size -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Rabbits KW - Mice KW - Models, Biological KW - Risk Assessment KW - Cricetinae KW - Pharmaceutical Preparations -- administration & dosage KW - Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77740243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dose-response+assessments+for+developmental+toxicity.+IV.+Benchmark+doses+for+fetal+weight+changes.&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BAllen%2C+B+C%3BFaustman%2C+E+M%3BKimmel%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-12-19 N1 - Date created - 1995-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of sulfonylurea herbicides in grains by capillary electrophoresis. AN - 77653747; 7580322 AB - A capillary electrophoresis (CE) method was developed to separate and determine residues of 5 sulfonylurea herbicides in grains (wheat, barley, and corn). This work demonstrated the practicality of using CE for residue analysis of sulfonylureas. The method yielded good recoveries and adequate sensitivities at tolerance levels (0.05-0.1 ppm). The compounds investigated were metsulfuron methyl (Ally), thifensulfuron methyl (Harmony), chlorsulfuron (Glean), rimsulfuron (DPX-E9636), and tribenuron methyl (Express). Acetonitrile extracts of grain samples were partitioned with hexane and then cleaned up with cation exchange solid-phase extraction cartridges. Quantitation was performed by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography using a high-sensitivity optical cell. Average recoveries at the 0.05 ppm level ranged from 72.9 to 118.5%. The lower limit of detection was approximately 0.02 ppm, except for rimsulfuron and tribenuron methyl, for which the lower limit of detection was 0.035 ppm. The method was less complicated and showed better sensitivity than current single-analyte liquid chromatographic enforcement methods. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Krynitsky, A J AU - Swineford, D M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 1091 EP - 1096 VL - 78 IS - 4 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Acetonitriles KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds KW - acetonitrile KW - Z072SB282N KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Electrophoresis -- methods KW - Zea mays -- chemistry KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Hordeum -- chemistry KW - Triticum -- chemistry KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds -- analysis KW - Edible Grain -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77653747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Determination+of+sulfonylurea+herbicides+in+grains+by+capillary+electrophoresis.&rft.au=Krynitsky%2C+A+J%3BSwineford%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Krynitsky&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1091&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-28 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vehicle and route dependent effects of a pyrethroid insecticide, deltamethrin, on motor function in the rat. AN - 77638573; 7565495 AB - Deltamethrin is a potent neuroactive pyrethroid insecticide. Literature reports of the in vivo potency of deltamethrin, however, vary by greater than three orders of magnitude in studies employing numerous vehicles and routes of exposure. Therefore, the present study systematically compared IP and PO routes of exposure to deltamethrin (0.3-1000 mg/kg) delivered to adult rats in one of four different vehicles (corn oil, glycerol formal, Emulphor, or methylcellulose). A reduction in motor activity as measured in figure-8 mazes was used to index the potency of this pesticide on CNS function. Dose-effect and time-course determinations were made for each combination of vehicle and route. Results demonstrated that the potency of deltamethrin was dependent on both the route of administration and the vehicle. The ED50 for deltamethrin was 5.1 mg/kg when administered PO in corn oil, whereas, the ED50 was > 1000 mg/kg when administered PO in methylcellulose. Thus, reported discrepancies in the potency of deltamethrin on CNS function are at least partially attributable to route of administration and vehicle. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Crofton, K M AU - Kehn, L S AU - Gilbert, M E AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 489 EP - 495 VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Nitriles KW - Pharmaceutical Vehicles KW - Pyrethrins KW - decamethrin KW - 2JTS8R821G KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Male KW - Pyrethrins -- administration & dosage KW - Maze Learning -- drug effects KW - Insecticides -- administration & dosage KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77638573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Vehicle+and+route+dependent+effects+of+a+pyrethroid+insecticide%2C+deltamethrin%2C+on+motor+function+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BKehn%2C+L+S%3BGilbert%2C+M+E&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-22 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality following cotton defoliation: San Joaquin Valley, California, 1970-1990. AN - 77563373; 7552465 AB - A proportional mortality study comparing the cotton-growing areas of the San Joaquin Valley with the rest of the State of California was performed by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a continuation of earlier studies related to mercaptan-releasing pesticides. This mortality study found a pattern of increased proportion of "respiratory causes" mortality (ICD codes 460-519), statistically significant at less than the .05 probability level, for 15 of 21 years between 1970 and 1990, for the time period during and immediately following cotton defoliation. Defoliants which have the potential to produce acute symptoms include DEF and Folex, both of which release odorous butyl mercaptan gas as a degradation product. This paper tests the hypothesis that exposure to cotton defoliant breakdown products may be associated with a disproportionate increase in mortality. Prediction of the mortality proportions by pounds of DEF and Folex used was not statistically significant in the unadjusted models or in models adjusted for air pollution variables. One air pollution adjustment factor, total suspended particulates, was a statistically significant independent mortality proportion predictor. This finding suggests that total suspended particulates, not defoliants, may be related to mortality differentials during defoliation season. Possible confounding by demographic variation of the counties was not controlled in the analysis. JF - Journal of occupational and environmental medicine AU - Ames, R G AU - Gregson, J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Section, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 812 EP - 819 VL - 37 IS - 7 SN - 1076-2752, 1076-2752 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Defoliants, Chemical KW - Organothiophosphates KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds KW - butyl phosphorotrithioate KW - 78-48-8 KW - merphos KW - RN743HTX76 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - California -- epidemiology KW - Defoliants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Organothiophosphates -- adverse effects KW - Defoliants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds -- analysis KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Lung Diseases -- mortality KW - Organothiophosphates -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Gossypium UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77563373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.atitle=Mortality+following+cotton+defoliation%3A+San+Joaquin+Valley%2C+California%2C+1970-1990.&rft.au=Ames%2C+R+G%3BGregson%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ames&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=812&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.issn=10762752&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Collection of a single alveolar exhaled breath for volatile organic compounds analysis. AN - 77528699; 7573070 AB - Measurement of specific organic compounds in exhaled breath has been used as an indicator of recent exposure to pollutants or as an indicator of the health of an individual. A typical application involves the collection of multiple breaths onto a sorbent cartridge or into an evacuated canister with the use of a relatively complex sampling apparatus. A new method has been developed wherein a single exhaled breath is directly transferred from the mouth into an evacuated 1 l or 1.8 l stainless steel SUMMA canister. The single breath canister (SBC) method avoids the necessity for a complex sampling system requiring maintenance and cleaning and allows easy collection of samples. Additionally, it is possible to collect a rapid sequence of samples from a subject to establish the elimination curve subsequent to an exposure to specific volatile organic compounds with a theoretical resolution of adjacent breaths. The SBC method was compared to an accepted canister based sampling system to assure comparability and then used to demonstrate its utility by measuring the absorption and elimination of chloroform during and after exposure to chlorinated shower water. JF - American journal of industrial medicine AU - Pleil, J D AU - Lindstrom, A B AD - Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 109 EP - 121 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Index Medicus KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Carbon Dioxide -- analysis KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Water Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Chloroform -- metabolism KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- metabolism KW - Breath Tests -- instrumentation KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77528699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.atitle=Collection+of+a+single+alveolar+exhaled+breath+for+volatile+organic+compounds+analysis.&rft.au=Pleil%2C+J+D%3BLindstrom%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Pleil&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-23 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frequency of micronucleated-binucleated lymphocytes is not significantly affected by the harvest time following G0 exposure to X-radiation. AN - 77435177; 7629433 AB - Whole blood from two male individuals was X-irradiated using a linear accelerator at 200 cGy/min to give a total exposure of 300 cGy. Lymphocytes were cultured using standard techniques with the addition of 3 micrograms/ml cytochalasin B at 26 h to produce binucleation through the inhibition of cytokinesis for the scoring of micronuclei after the first nuclear division. Replicate cultures from each individual were harvested at 48, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 92, 94, 96, 98 and 100 h postinitiation using a cytocentrifuge. Slides were stained with acridine orange, and binucleated cells were scored for the presence of micronuclei. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of micronucleated binucleates between replicate cultures, between individuals, or among cultures harvested from 48 to 100 h postinitiation. This indicates that the phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes are a relatively homogeneous population of cells with respect to X-radiation-induced chromosome damage. In addition, these data show that for determining the frequency of micronuclei in lymphocytes irradiated in G0, the harvest time (up to at least 100 h postinitiation) is not critical as long as analysis is confined to the first mitosis after irradiation (i.e. the binucleated cells). JF - International journal of radiation biology AU - Kligerman, A D AU - King, S C AD - Mutagenesis and Cellular Toxicology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 19 EP - 23 VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0955-3002, 0955-3002 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - X-Rays KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Interphase KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Lymphocytes -- radiation effects KW - Lymphocytes -- ultrastructure KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77435177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+radiation+biology&rft.atitle=Frequency+of+micronucleated-binucleated+lymphocytes+is+not+significantly+affected+by+the+harvest+time+following+G0+exposure+to+X-radiation.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BKing%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+radiation+biology&rft.issn=09553002&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature regulation and metabolism in rats exposed perinatally to dioxin: permanent change in regulated body temperature? AN - 77368684; 7597705 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been shown to lower thyroxine levels and cause hypothermia in the adult rat; however, there is little known regarding the perinatal effects of TCDD on metabolism and temperature regulation of the offspring. To address this issue, thermoregulatory responses were assessed in adult male rat offspring exposed perinatally to 1.0 micrograms TCDD/kg body wt by gavage on Gestational Day 15. Individual castrated offspring were placed in a gradient-layer calorimeter for 5 hr during their nocturnal period while ambient temperature (Ta) was maintained at 10, 16, 24, or 28 degrees C. Metabolic rate (M), as measured from the total heat loss in the calorimeter, was determined along with evaporative heat loss (EHL), dry thermal conductance, and body core temperature (Tc). Animals exposed to TCDD had a significantly lower body temperature at TaS of 10, 16, and 24 degrees C and a higher thermal conductance. M was unaffected by TCDD, indicating that TCDD did not impair the effector to regulate Tc during cold exposure. EHL was also unaffected by TCDD. Skin blood flow of the interscapular area was measured in anesthetized rats with laser Doppler velocimetry and found to be the same in control and TCDD groups. The reduction in body temperature over a wide range of TaS concomitant with normal thermoregulatory effector function suggests that perinatal exposure to TCDD results in a reduction in the regulated body temperature (i.e., decrease in set-point). JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gordon, C J AU - Gray, L E AU - Monteiro-Riviere, N A AU - Miller, D B AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 172 EP - 176 VL - 133 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Adipose Tissue, Brown -- metabolism KW - Regional Blood Flow -- drug effects KW - Adipose Tissue, Brown -- drug effects KW - Skin -- blood supply KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77368684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Temperature+regulation+and+metabolism+in+rats+exposed+perinatally+to+dioxin%3A+permanent+change+in+regulated+body+temperature%3F&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BGray%2C+L+E%3BMonteiro-Riviere%2C+N+A%3BMiller%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-03 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contaminant levels in harbor seals from the northeastern United States. AN - 77353639; 7794010 AB - The concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), and mercury (Hg) were determined in blubber and liver tissues of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) collected along the northeast coast of the U.S. Average PCB concentrations in seal blubber (sum of congeners) were 12.0 micrograms/g (wet weight) with a range of 7.30 to 24.3 micrograms/g in 1980 and 6.66 micrograms/g (wet weight) with a range of 2.61 to 11.3 micrograms/g in 1990-1992. Comparisons between blubber data from this study and previous work indicated that the concentration of PCBs along the northeast coast of the U.S. may have decreased over the past twenty years. The average p,p'-DDE concentrations in seal blubber were 10.9 micrograms/g (wet weight) in 1980 with a range of 6.95 to 21.9 micrograms/g and 4.12 micrograms/g (wet weight) with a range of 1.83 to 7.84 micrograms/g in 1990-1992. Only trace amounts of PCDFs and PCDDs were found in a few blubber samples; levels in most tissues were below detection (3-5 pg/g) (wet weight). Trace amounts (< 30 ng/g) of phenanthracene, anthracene, and alkylated MW-178 compounds were found in some seal samples; all other PAH compounds were below the detection level (5-15 ng/g). Toxic equivalents (TEQ) of selected coplanar and mono-ortho PCB congeners and relative toxic equivalents (RTE) (pg total TEQ/microgram total PCB) were calculated, using recently proposed dioxin toxic equivalent factors (Ahlborg et al. 1994). The TEQs ranged from 41 to 315, and the RTEs ranged from 2.25 to 16.3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Lake, C A AU - Lake, J L AU - Haebler, R AU - McKinney, R AU - Boothman, W S AU - Sadove, S S AD - Science Applications International Corporation, c/o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, Rhode Island 02882, USA. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 128 EP - 134 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Insecticides KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Adipose Tissue -- metabolism KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Seawater KW - Seals, Earless KW - New England KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Insecticides -- metabolism KW - Mercury -- metabolism KW - Mercury -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis KW - Insecticides -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- analysis KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- metabolism KW - Benzofurans -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77353639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Contaminant+levels+in+harbor+seals+from+the+northeastern+United+States.&rft.au=Lake%2C+C+A%3BLake%2C+J+L%3BHaebler%2C+R%3BMcKinney%2C+R%3BBoothman%2C+W+S%3BSadove%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-21 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimates of radiogenic cancer risks. AN - 77347789; 7790217 AB - A methodology recently developed by the U.S. EPA for estimating the carcinogenic risks from ionizing radiation is described. For most cancer sites, the risk model is one in which age-specific, relative risk coefficients are obtained by taking a geometric mean of the coefficients derived from the atomic bomb survivor data using two different methods for transporting risks from the Japanese to the U.S. population. The risk models are applied to estimate organ-specific risks per unit dose for a stationary population with mortality rates governed by 1980 U.S. vital statistics. With the exception of breast cancer, low-LET radiogenic cancer risk estimates are reduced by a factor of 2 at low doses and dose rates compared to acute high dose exposure conditions. For low dose (or dose rate) conditions, the risk of inducing a premature cancer death from uniform, whole body, low-LET irradiation is calculated to be 5.1 x 10(-2) Gy-1. Neglecting nonfatal skin cancers, the corresponding incidence risk is 7.6 x 10(-2) Gy-1. High-LET (alpha particle) risks are presumed to increase linearly with dose and to be independent of dose rate. High-LET risks are estimated to be 20 times the low-LET risks estimated under low dose rate conditions, except for leukemia and breast cancer where RBEs of 1 and 10 are adopted, respectively. JF - Health physics AU - Puskin, J S AU - Nelson, C B AD - Office of Radiation and Indoor Air (6602J), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 93 EP - 101 VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Index Medicus KW - Risk KW - Relative Biological Effectiveness KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Alpha Particles KW - Aged KW - Middle Aged KW - Child KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Child, Preschool KW - Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77347789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+physics&rft.atitle=Estimates+of+radiogenic+cancer+risks.&rft.au=Puskin%2C+J+S%3BNelson%2C+C+B&rft.aulast=Puskin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-21 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of Pulmonary Responses of Asthmatic and Nonasthmatic Subjects Performing Light Exercise While Exposed to a Low Level of Ozone AN - 755138220; 13641621 AB - To determine if asthmatic subjects (ASTH, n = 17) experience greater O sub(3) induced pulmonary decrements than nonasthmatic subjects (NONA, n = 13), both groups were exposed for 7.6 h to both clean air and 0.16 ppm 03. Exposures consisted of seven 50-min periods of light exercise (VE = 14.2 and 15.3 l/min/m super(2) for ASTH and NONA, respectively), each followed by 10 min rest. A 35-min lunch period followed the third exercise. Following 03 exposure, decrements in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV sub(1)) and FEV sub(1) divided by forced vital capacity (FVC), corrected for air exposure, for ASTH. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Horstman, Donald H AU - Ball, Beth A AU - Brown, James AU - Gerrity, Timothy AU - Folinsbee, Lawrence J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory Human Studies Division Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - Jul 1995 SP - 369 EP - 385 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Physical Education Index; Toxicology Abstracts KW - air exposure KW - Asthma KW - Health KW - Exercise KW - Physical training KW - Light effects KW - Experience KW - Lung KW - Rest KW - Ozone KW - PE 140:Business, Marketing & Sports Equipment KW - H 1000:Occupational Safety and Health KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755138220?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+Pulmonary+Responses+of+Asthmatic+and+Nonasthmatic+Subjects+Performing+Light+Exercise+While+Exposed+to+a+Low+Level+of+Ozone&rft.au=Horstman%2C+Donald+H%3BBall%2C+Beth+A%3BBrown%2C+James%3BGerrity%2C+Timothy%3BFolinsbee%2C+Lawrence+J&rft.aulast=Horstman&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823379501100401 LA - English DB - Physical Education Index; ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Experience; Rest; Health; Exercise; Lung; Asthma; Ozone; Light effects; Physical training; air exposure DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379501100401 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal encapsulation of metals in Superfund soils AN - 52780931; 1996-080168 JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Lees, John N AU - Richards, Marta K AU - McGowan, Thomas F AU - Carnes, Richard A Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 514 EP - 520 PB - Air & Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - experimental studies KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - thermal properties KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - remediation KW - physical properties KW - reagents KW - thermal encapsulation process KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - chemical composition KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52780931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Thermal+encapsulation+of+metals+in+Superfund+soils&rft.au=Lees%2C+John+N%3BRichards%2C+Marta+K%3BMcGowan%2C+Thomas+F%3BCarnes%2C+Richard+A&rft.aulast=Lees&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=514&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; experimental studies; hazardous waste; heavy metals; leaching; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; reagents; reclamation; remediation; soil treatment; soils; Superfund; techniques; thermal encapsulation process; thermal properties; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Establishing quantitative performance criteria for wetland restoration and creation projects AN - 52110342; 2002-037185 JF - Report - California Water Resources Center AU - Kentula, Mary E A2 - Harris, Richard R. A2 - Kattelmann, Rick A2 - Kerner, Hannah A2 - Woled, Jeff Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 111 EP - 114 PB - University of California, Water Resources Center, Riverside, CA VL - 86 SN - 0575-4968, 0575-4968 KW - soils KW - programs KW - restoration KW - marshes KW - legislation KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - ecosystems KW - evaluation KW - constructed wetlands KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - wetlands KW - quantitative analysis KW - Clean Water Act KW - species diversity KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52110342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Report+-+California+Water+Resources+Center&rft.atitle=Establishing+quantitative+performance+criteria+for+wetland+restoration+and+creation+projects&rft.au=Kentula%2C+Mary+E&rft.aulast=Kentula&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=1887192026&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Report+-+California+Water+Resources+Center&rft.issn=05754968&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Watersheds '94; respect, rethink, restore; Fifth biennial watershed management conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RUCCD8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clean Water Act; constructed wetlands; ecosystems; evaluation; government agencies; legislation; marshes; mires; organic compounds; programs; quantitative analysis; restoration; soils; species diversity; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping long-term regional runoff in the Eastern United States using automated approaches AN - 50128302; 1995-049383 AB - We conducted research to develop and test the accuracy of automated methods for producing long-term runoff contour maps of the eastern United States. Our goal was to determine if maps produced by these methods are as accurate as those now produced by manual methods. We examined nine procedures. One uses available runoff data only. Four use available runoff data and measured precipitation. The remaining four methods use runoff data and precipitation estimates from PRISM (Precipitation-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model). We evaluated the maps produced both qualitatively and quantitatively. We visually compared the automated procedure maps with a manual map produced by the U.S. Geological Survey. General visual agreement was very good among the maps. We also statistically compared estimated runoff at the precipitation stations with values interpolated from the manual map. The values of simple mean runoff computed for all of the methods were within about 1 cm (2%) of that determined for the manual method. We conducted an uncertainty analysis in which we withheld gaged data from the production of the maps and then compared these data with values interpolated from the maps. Overall, the automated methods performed as well as or better than the manual method. A method based on PRISM-based runoff-to-precipitation ratios (RPRIS) gave the best results. The results of our work indicate that simple automated procedures can produce long-term runoff contour maps with regional accuracies equivalent or superior to those produced by manual methods. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Bishop, Gary D AU - Church, M Robbins Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 189 EP - 208 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 169 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - cartography KW - data processing KW - mapping KW - Eastern U.S. KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - PRISM KW - regional patterns KW - digital cartography KW - runoff KW - New England KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50128302?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Mapping+long-term+regional+runoff+in+the+Eastern+United+States+using+automated+approaches&rft.au=Bishop%2C+Gary+D%3BChurch%2C+M+Robbins&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; cartography; data processing; digital cartography; Eastern U.S.; hydrology; mapping; New England; PRISM; regional patterns; runoff; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistent DDT metabolite p,p'-DDE is a potent androgen receptor antagonist. AN - 77347102; 7791873 AB - The increase in the number of reports of abnormalities in male sex development in wildlife and humans coincided with the introduction of 'oestrogenic' chemicals such as DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane) into the environment. Although these phenotypic alterations are thought to be mediated by the oestrogen receptor, they are also consistent with inhibition of androgen receptor-mediated events. Here we report that the major and persistent DDT metabolite, p,p'-DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene), has little ability to bind the oestrogen receptor, but inhibits androgen binding to the androgen receptor, androgen-induced transcriptional activity, and androgen action in developing, pubertal and adult male rats. The results suggest that abnormalities in male sex development induced by p,p'-DDE and related environmental chemicals may be mediated at the level of the androgen receptor. JF - Nature AU - Kelce, W R AU - Stone, C R AU - Laws, S C AU - Gray, L E AU - Kemppainen, J A AU - Wilson, E M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/06/15/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jun 15 SP - 581 EP - 585 VL - 375 IS - 6532 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Androgen Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Androgen Receptor Antagonists KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene KW - 4M7FS82U08 KW - DDT KW - CIW5S16655 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sexual Maturation -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Molecular Structure KW - Animals KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - DDT -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Genes, Reporter KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Haplorhini KW - Cell Line KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- chemistry KW - Androgen Antagonists -- toxicity KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- metabolism KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77347102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Persistent+DDT+metabolite+p%2Cp%27-DDE+is+a+potent+androgen+receptor+antagonist.&rft.au=Kelce%2C+W+R%3BStone%2C+C+R%3BLaws%2C+S+C%3BGray%2C+L+E%3BKemppainen%2C+J+A%3BWilson%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Kelce&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-06-15&rft.volume=375&rft.issue=6532&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Nature. 1995 Jun 15;375(6532):538-9 [7791867] Nature. 1995 Jun 15;375(6532):522 [7791858] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fossil fuel biodegradation: laboratory studies. AN - 77774817; 8565917 AB - Biodegradation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of creosote by undefined bacterial cultures was shown to be accompanied by the accumulation of neutral and acidic oxidation products. Formation of a number of identified neutral products is accounted for by demonstration of anomalous actions of an arene dioxygenase on the benzylic methylene and methylene carbons of napthenoaromatic hydrocarbons. Both neutral and acidic water-soluble fractions are also formed when various mixed bacterial cultures degrade weathered crude oil. While constituents of these fractions are not yet identified, the neutral materials have been shown to be toxic to developing embryos of invertebrates. These observations are discussed in relation to chemical and toxicological assessments of biodegradation of the complex chemical mixtures of fossil fuels. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Chapman, P J AU - Shelton, M AU - Grifoll, M AU - Selifonov, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561-5299, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 79 EP - 83 VL - 103 Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Fossil Fuels KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Petroleum KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Creosote KW - 8021-39-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Creosote -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77774817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Fossil+fuel+biodegradation%3A+laboratory+studies.&rft.au=Chapman%2C+P+J%3BShelton%2C+M%3BGrifoll%2C+M%3BSelifonov%2C+S&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Bacteriol. 1975 Jan;121(1):272-85 [234937] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 May;57(5):1277-85 [1854192] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1994 Jul;60(7):2438-49 [8074523] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 May 28;193(1):67-76 [8503940] J Bacteriol. 1992 Dec;174(23):7542-54 [1447127] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of the uptake of a reactive gas in a rat respiratory tract model with an asymmetric tracheobronchial region patterned on complete conducting airway cast data. AN - 77624772; 7554854 AB - Generally, the uptake of reactive gases by the respiratory tract is simulated assuming that all paths from the trachea to the most distal airspaces are equivalent. As this is not the case, especially for nonhumans, the adequacy of this approach to predict doses that can be useful in the fields of toxicology and risk assessment is subject to question. To explore this issue, a dosimetry model is developed which combines the use of one-dimensional convection-dispersion equations in conjunction with multiple path anatomic models so that the dosimetry model simultaneously simulates transport and uptake in all the airways and airspaces of the anatomic model. For this work, the anatomic model of the tracheobronchial (TB) region is patterned on cast data which describe the dimensions and branching network of the 4807 airways of the TB region of a rat. Distal to each of the 2404 terminal bronchioles of the anatomical model, the air space is modeled as a single path. The results presented are preliminary; they focus on the predictions themselves to obtain an understanding of what the model has to say about uptake in a complex set of branching airways. Results include the following predictions: (1) Regardless of path there is a similarity along different paths in the shape of concentration profiles as well as a similarity in the shape of dose profiles. (2) Along a path in the TB or pulmonary region, dose decreases distally. (3) Generally, proximal alveolar region (PAR, a region of major morphological damage due to O3 and NO2) dose decreases the more distal the PAR. (4) There is considerable variation in the doses of the different airways or alveolar surfaces in the same generation. (5) The maximum and minimum PAR doses do not correspond to paths with, respectively, the smallest and largest number of generations from the trachea to the PAR. (6) The ratio of the maximum to minimum PAR dose is very sensitive to tidal volume. These results give a more realistic understanding of respiratory tract gas transport and uptake. The model also predicts aspects that equivalent path models cannot, such as the dose distribution of different but morphologically equivalent sites. JF - Computers and biomedical research, an international journal AU - Overton, J H AU - Graham, R C AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 171 EP - 190 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0010-4809, 0010-4809 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Nitrogen Dioxide KW - S7G510RUBH KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Pulmonary Ventilation KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- metabolism KW - Functional Residual Capacity KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Respiration KW - Algorithms KW - Forecasting KW - Tidal Volume KW - Models, Anatomic KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- pharmacokinetics KW - Computer Simulation KW - Respiratory Transport KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- administration & dosage KW - Trachea -- metabolism KW - Bronchi -- metabolism KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Models, Biological KW - Ozone -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77624772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+and+biomedical+research%2C+an+international+journal&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+the+uptake+of+a+reactive+gas+in+a+rat+respiratory+tract+model+with+an+asymmetric+tracheobronchial+region+patterned+on+complete+conducting+airway+cast+data.&rft.au=Overton%2C+J+H%3BGraham%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Overton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+and+biomedical+research%2C+an+international+journal&rft.issn=00104809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-13 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantum mechanical studies of the structure and reactivities of the diol epoxides of benzo[c]phenanthrene. AN - 77557688; 7548729 AB - Benzo[c]phenanthrene has a crowded bay region that has been called a fjord region. As a result of the interaction between the atoms across the fjord region, it is a nonplanar molecule with a significant barrier between two helical structures. The crowding in the fjord region also affects the three-dimensional structure of the fjord region diol epoxide. Quantum mechanical studies have been performed to determine the structure and reactivities of the fjord region diol epoxides. Eight local minimum energy three-dimensional structures have been found for the trans diol of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-3,4-dihydroxybenzo[c]phenanthrene 1,2-epoxide. They can be characterized by three dichotomies: one between syn and anti, one between quasidiaxial and quasidiequatorial, and the third that depends on nonplanarity of the parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon due to interactions in the crowded bay region, that we have named "in" and "out" based on the position of the epoxide oxygen relative to the distal ring. The structures with the epoxide oxygen on the same side of the saturated ring as the distal ring (in-) are more stable than the structures where the epoxide is on the opposite side (out-). The calculated lowest energy syn and anti structures for the diol epoxide of benzo[c]-phenanthrene are both in-quasidiequatorial, in agreement with experiment. Analysis of the results indicates that the electrostatic interaction across the fjord region could be responsible for the increased stability of the syn-in-quasidiequatorial structure compared to the syn-in-quasidiaxial structure and the stability of the in- structures in general when compared to the out- structures.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Lewis-Bevan, L AU - Little, S B AU - Rabinowitz, J R AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 499 EP - 505 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Phenanthrenes KW - benzo(c)phenanthrene KW - H22XVR3V8A KW - Index Medicus KW - Quantum Theory KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Epoxy Compounds -- chemistry KW - Phenanthrenes -- chemistry KW - Mutagens -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77557688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Quantum+mechanical+studies+of+the+structure+and+reactivities+of+the+diol+epoxides+of+benzo%5Bc%5Dphenanthrene.&rft.au=Lewis-Bevan%2C+L%3BLittle%2C+S+B%3BRabinowitz%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Lewis-Bevan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-27 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long vs. short monitoring intervals for peach harvesters exposed to foliar azinphos-methyl residues. AN - 77372300; 7604395 AB - A dermal monitoring study of peach harvesters exposed to azinphos-methyl (AM) residues was conducted in Sutter County, California. Harvesters were paid by piecework, which allowed characterization of the relationship between dermal exposure (DE) and time or production. Workers wore 2 long-sleeved knit T-shirts for each monitoring interval and also provided a hand residue sample. Dislodgeable foliar residue (DFR) samples were also collected. The highest correlations were found for inner shirts vs. production and DE vs. time worked (r2 = 0.67, P < 0.01). DE was greatest after 2-h exposures and reached equilibrium after 3 h, indicating that exposure estimates from shorter intervals would overestimate exposure. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Spencer, J R AU - Sanborn, J R AU - Hernandez, B Z AU - Krieger, R I AU - Margetich, S S AU - Schneider, F A AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Pesticide Regulation, Sacramento 95814-5624, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 17 EP - 24 VL - 78 IS - 1 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - 0 KW - Azinphosmethyl KW - 265842EWUV KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Humans KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Clothing KW - Agriculture KW - Skin KW - Occupational Exposure -- analysis KW - Azinphosmethyl -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77372300?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Long+vs.+short+monitoring+intervals+for+peach+harvesters+exposed+to+foliar+azinphos-methyl+residues.&rft.au=Spencer%2C+J+R%3BSanborn%2C+J+R%3BHernandez%2C+B+Z%3BKrieger%2C+R+I%3BMargetich%2C+S+S%3BSchneider%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-10 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enzymes for enhancing bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soils: a brief review. AN - 77345487; 7788508 AB - During the 1950s and 1960s, hundreds of thousands of underground storage tanks (and above-ground storage tanks) containing petroleum products and hazardous chemicals were installed. Many of these tanks either have been abandoned or have exceeded their useful lives and are leaking, thereby posing a serious threat to the nation's surface and groundwater supplies, as well as to public health. Cleaning up releases of petroleum hydrocarbons or other organic chemicals in the subsurface environment is a real-world problem. Biological treatment of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil is considered to be a relatively low-cost and safe technology; however, its potential for effectively treating recalcitrant wastes has not been fully explored. For millions of years, microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, actinomycete, protozoa, and others have performed the function of recycling organic matter from which new plant life can grow. This paper examines the biological treatment technology for cleaning up petroleum product-contaminated soils, with special emphasis on microbial enzyme systems for enhancing the rate of biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Classifications and functions of enzymes, as well as the microbes, in degrading the organic contaminants are discussed. In addition, the weathering effect on biodegradation, types of hydrocarbon degraders, advantages associated with enzyme use, methods of enzyme extraction, and future research needs for development and evaluation of enzyme-assisted bioremediation are examined. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Fan, C Y AU - Krishnamurthy, S AD - Releases Control Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Edison, New Jersey, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 453 EP - 460 VL - 45 IS - 6 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Petroleum KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Fungi -- enzymology KW - Fungi -- metabolism KW - Bacteria -- enzymology KW - Soil Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Hydrocarbons -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77345487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Enzymes+for+enhancing+bioremediation+of+petroleum-contaminated+soils%3A+a+brief+review.&rft.au=Fan%2C+C+Y%3BKrishnamurthy%2C+S&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-25 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multidisciplinary approach to toxicological screening: III. Neurobehavioral toxicity. AN - 77334798; 7783252 AB - The neurobehavioral effects of 10 known toxicants were examined as part of a multidisciplinary screening battery. The toxicants included carbaryl (CAR), triadimefon (TDM), heptachlor (HEP), chlordane (CDN), diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), phenol, trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PER or perchlorethylene), and dichloromethane (DCM or methylene chloride). A functional observational battery and motor activity measurements were conducted before exposure, at specified times after an acute exposure, and during and after 14-d exposure. Severity scoring analysis was used to generate profiles of effect. The pesticides, CAR, TDM, HEP, and CDN, displayed the most acute neurotoxicity and were active at lower proportions of their respective acute LD50 values than were the solvents or the industrial chemicals. Although CAR and TDM showed little or no neurobehavioral effects with repeated dosing, cumulative neurotoxicity and lethality were evident with HEP and CDN. Phenol produced acute convulsive effects, and the most prominent finding with repeated exposure was lethality. DEHP displayed no neurobehavioral toxicity. The organic solvents, TCE, PER, CCl4, and DCM, produced various degrees of general nervous system depression following acute administration of high dose levels. Repeated dosing produced little or no effect with TCE or PER, marked physiological changes with CCl4, and cumulative toxicity and lethality with DCM. Some results of these studies were unexpected and should provide impetus for further research. Overall, these findings illustrate the utility of these screening methods. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Moser, V C AU - Cheek, B M AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 173 EP - 210 VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Phenols KW - Solvents KW - Phenol KW - 339NCG44TV KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate KW - C42K0PH13C KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Neurotoxins -- administration & dosage KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Female KW - Phenols -- administration & dosage KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate -- administration & dosage KW - Solvents -- administration & dosage KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate -- toxicity KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77334798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=A+multidisciplinary+approach+to+toxicological+screening%3A+III.+Neurobehavioral+toxicity.&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C%3BCheek%2C+B+M%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-20 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multidisciplinary approach to toxicological screening: IV. Comparison of results. AN - 77334660; 7783253 AB - Toxicity data collected under standardized test conditions may be of the utmost importance in health risk assessment, in which human exposure limits are often derived from laboratory experiments. A standardized approach to data collection is also important for evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of test methods used to determine toxic potential. Several experiments were undertaken to determine the effects of chemical exposures using a multidisciplinary screening battery, which included tests for systemic, neurological and developmental toxicity. The effects of 1- and 14-d exposures to 10 chemicals on systemic and neurological indices of toxicity were determined in female F344 rats using standardized test batteries. Parallel experiments determined chemical effects on prenatal and postnatal development following exposure of the dams for 14 d. The chemicals included four pesticides (carbaryl, triadimefon, chlordane, and heptachlor), four solvents (trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, and dichloromethane), and two industrial compounds (phenol and diethylhexyl phthalate). The results showed that the chemicals produced markedly different qualitative patterns of effect on systemic, neurological, and developmental indices of toxicity. Differences in the pattern of systemic and neurological effects were also obtained that depended on dosing duration. Quantitative analyses indicated that the highest ineffective dose as well as the lowest effective dose could vary by as much as two orders of magnitude across the different indices of toxicity. These results clearly show that a test battery focused on a single endpoint of toxicity cannot be used to accurately predict either qualitatively or quantitatively a chemical's systemic, neurological, and developmental toxicity profile. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - MacPhail, R C AU - Berman, E AU - Elder, J A AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Moser, V C AU - Narotsky, M G AU - Schlicht, M AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 211 EP - 220 VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Phenols KW - Solvents KW - Phenol KW - 339NCG44TV KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate KW - C42K0PH13C KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Central Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Female KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate -- toxicity KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77334660?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=A+multidisciplinary+approach+to+toxicological+screening%3A+IV.+Comparison+of+results.&rft.au=MacPhail%2C+R+C%3BBerman%2C+E%3BElder%2C+J+A%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BMoser%2C+V+C%3BNarotsky%2C+M+G%3BSchlicht%2C+M&rft.aulast=MacPhail&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-20 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of an in vitro teratology system using chiral substances: stereoselective teratogenicity of 4-yn-valproic acid in cultured mouse embryos. AN - 77334541; 7785058 AB - In vitro systems are important for toxicity testing as well as for investigating the mechanism of action of xenobiotics. The validation of such in vitro systems is often incomplete and extrapolation to the in vivo situation is equivocal. In the present study, we studied the effects of enantiomers of an analogue of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid (VPA): R(+)- and S(-)-4-yn-VPA (R- and S-2-n-propyl-4-pentynoic acid), which have previously been shown to induce selective teratogenicity in mice after in vivo administration, in mouse whole-embryo culture (WEC). Aqueous solutions of the sodium salts of the pure R- and S-enantiomers as well as R,S-4-yn-VPA (racemic mixture) or VPA itself were added to the culture medium at 0, 0.075, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, or 1.2 mmol/liter and embryos were evaluated 24 hr later. The S-4-yn-VPA enantiomer induced clear concentration-dependent dysmorphogenesis that was evident even at the lowest concentration. The primary anomalies were neural tube defects, erratic neural seams, blisters, and rotational defects. Embryolethality was observed at 1.2 mmol/liter. The R-4-yn-VPA enantiomer was neither embryotoxic nor dysmorphogenic at any tested concentration. The lack of biological activity over 24 hr in WEC with the R-enantiomer suggests also that, as previously shown in vivo, there was no racemization of this isomer to the more active S-enantiomer. The racemic mixture of R and S isomers appeared to be slightly more embryolethal and dysmorphogenic than VPA. Overall, the potency of the S-enantiomer was approximately four times that of VPA. Therefore, the rank order of the four chemicals tested was S(-) >> S(-), R(+) > VPA >>> R(+), which is in agreement with the effects observed in in vivo exposed mice. These data demonstrate a direct stereoselective effect of these compounds on the embryo. This is the first illustration of the stereoselectivity of a xenobiotic in the WEC in vitro test system. Pure and stable enantiomers, which induce stereoselective toxicity in vivo, are demonstrated to be valuable for validation of this in vitro system. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Andrews, J E AU - Ebron-McCoy, M AU - Bojic, U AU - Nau, H AU - Kavlock, R J AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 310 EP - 316 VL - 132 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Valproic Acid KW - 614OI1Z5WI KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Mice KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Valproic Acid -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77334541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Validation+of+an+in+vitro+teratology+system+using+chiral+substances%3A+stereoselective+teratogenicity+of+4-yn-valproic+acid+in+cultured+mouse+embryos.&rft.au=Andrews%2C+J+E%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M%3BBojic%2C+U%3BNau%2C+H%3BKavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Invading and metastasizing cardiac hemangioendothelial neoplasms in a cohort of the fish Rivulus marmoratus: unusually high prevalence, histopathology, and possible etiologies. AN - 77288893; 7757998 AB - An unusually high, unprecedented prevalence of cardiac hemangioendotheliomata, including hemangiomas, hemangioendotheliomas, and hemangioendotheliosarcomas, was found in a laboratory cohort of the small, teleost fish Rivulus marmoratus. The neoplasms occurred in 51 of 204 fish (25%) used in a carcinogenicity study of butylated hydroxyanisole fed in a lyophilized chicken liver diet for up to 9 months. The cardiac neoplasms occurred in approximately equal numbers of both control (fed lyophilized chicken liver but not exposed to butylated hydroxyanisole) and exposed (fed 0.8% butylated hydroxyanisole in chicken liver) fish. The neoplasms occurred in the bulbus arteriosus and ventricle (accompanied by an intense epicarditis), and in some cases, in the gills. At least one case of hemangioma was characterized by cavernous vessels in the bulbar wall. Hemangioendothelioma cases consisted of pleomorphic endothelial cells that formed continuous tracts and anastomosing, typical vascular channels of varying sizes. The hemangioendotheliosarcomas consisted of atypical, spindle, polygonal, or round endothelial cells that formed solid tumor masses that contained abnormal vessels with atypical endothelium tufting into their lumina. Some fish had neoplasm cases containing varying regions with mixtures of the above features. Incipient neoplasms occurred on/in the semilunar valves, and their cells appeared to invade the adjacent walls of the bulbus and/or the ventricle. The gill lesions represented possible metastatic neoplasms, probably formed by atypical endothelial cells that exfoliated from the edges of cardiac neoplasms into the lumina of the ventricle or bulbus and were then pumped to the arterioles of the gills via the ventral aorta. Fish examined from the original colony in the laboratory and from the wild had no neoplasms. Possible causes are discussed, and studies are under way in an attempt to determine the etiology of the neoplasm and to evaluate Rivulus marmoratus as a possible model organism for study of these types of cardiac neoplasms. JF - Cancer research AU - Couch, J A AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA. Y1 - 1995/06/01/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jun 01 SP - 2438 EP - 2447 VL - 55 IS - 11 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasm Invasiveness KW - Animals KW - Gills -- pathology KW - Fishes KW - Cohort Studies KW - Neoplasm Metastasis KW - Prevalence KW - Hemangioendothelioma -- veterinary KW - Fish Diseases -- etiology KW - Fish Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Fish Diseases -- pathology KW - Heart Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Heart Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Heart Neoplasms -- veterinary KW - Hemangioendothelioma -- epidemiology KW - Hemangioendothelioma -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77288893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Invading+and+metastasizing+cardiac+hemangioendothelial+neoplasms+in+a+cohort+of+the+fish+Rivulus+marmoratus%3A+unusually+high+prevalence%2C+histopathology%2C+and+possible+etiologies.&rft.au=Couch%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-29 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The vertical zoning of mineral water hydrochemistry in Zhengzhou and its occurrence AN - 52763787; 1997-004907 AB - Through correlation analysis, the paper builds mathematical expression between the total hardness, degree of mineralization, Sr metasilicic acid of mineral water and the roof depth of aquifer. Discussion is on hydrochemistry types, pH value free carbon dioxide and mining environment, the hydrochemical characteristics of vertical direction, and zonation regularity of vertical direction hydrochemistry bounded by 350-400m, 550-600m depth. The paper also preliminarily approaches the genesis of all kinds of composition of mineral water and occurrence regularity, and provides the basis for the exploitation, protection, management and scientific programs relating to mineral water. JF - Henan Dizhi = Henan Geology AU - Wang, Jianhua Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 288 EP - 292 PB - Henan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Henan VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 1006-320X, 1006-320X KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Zhengzhou China KW - Far East KW - Henan China KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - occurrence KW - hardness KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - zoning KW - strontium KW - pH KW - mineral waters KW - China KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52763787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Henan+Dizhi+%3D+Henan+Geology&rft.atitle=The+vertical+zoning+of+mineral+water+hydrochemistry+in+Zhengzhou+and+its+occurrence&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jianhua&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jianhua&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Henan+Dizhi+%3D+Henan+Geology&rft.issn=1006320X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by National Geological Library, Beijing, China N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aquifers; Asia; carbon dioxide; China; Far East; geochemistry; ground water; hardness; Henan China; hydrochemistry; metals; mineral waters; occurrence; pH; statistical analysis; strontium; Zhengzhou China; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of metal removal and toxicity reduction in a low sulfate mine drainage by constructed wetlands AN - 52375952; 2000-024805 JF - Proceedings of the Annual National Meeting - American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation AU - Farmer, Garry H AU - Updegraff, David M AU - Lazorchak, James M AU - Bates, Edward R A2 - Schuman, Gerald E. A2 - Vance, George F. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 78 EP - 89 PB - American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation, [Princeton, WV] VL - 12 KW - United States KW - zinc KW - mines KW - concentration KW - sulfate ion KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollutants KW - Clear Creek County Colorado KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - constructed wetlands KW - toxicity KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - Burleigh Tunnel KW - reduction KW - Silver Plume Colorado KW - Colorado KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52375952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+National+Meeting+-+American+Society+for+Surface+Mining+and+Reclamation&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+metal+removal+and+toxicity+reduction+in+a+low+sulfate+mine+drainage+by+constructed+wetlands&rft.au=Farmer%2C+Garry+H%3BUpdegraff%2C+David+M%3BLazorchak%2C+James+M%3BBates%2C+Edward+R&rft.aulast=Farmer&rft.aufirst=Garry&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+National+Meeting+-+American+Society+for+Surface+Mining+and+Reclamation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual national meeting of the American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - WV] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03219 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; bacteria; bioremediation; Burleigh Tunnel; chemical composition; Clear Creek County Colorado; Colorado; concentration; constructed wetlands; geochemistry; metals; mines; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; Silver Plume Colorado; sulfate ion; toxicity; United States; wetlands; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maps of regional evapotranspiration and runoff/precipitation ratios in the Northeast United States AN - 50146275; 1995-039992 AB - Regional maps of evapotranspiration (ET) and runoff/precipitation ratios (R/P) are rare for the United States. We have found mapping of ET and R/P to be a useful part of our work on runoff mapping, which in turn was a necessary part of our assessments of effects of acidic deposition. Maps of ET and R/P could be useful in other water resource analyses as well. Toward this end we present maps of these variables that we have prepared for the northeastern United States. We compute ET and R/P from the water balance equation with measured runoff and precipitation and (in one case) modeled estimates of precipitation. We have mapped ET and R/P in three different ways. First, we have mapped them by Major Land-Use Resource Areas (MLRA). We have performed this mapping for both a long-term period (1951-1980) and an especially wet water year, water-year 1984 (WY84). Second, we have mapped ET and R/P using an automated contouring procedure in association with modeled estimates of precipitation from PRISM (Precipitation-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model). Third, we have manually contoured the variables based on measured values of runoff and precipitation as they appear to relate to elevation, land use, and vegetation. Our maps compare well with each other and with the relatively few prior efforts at such mapping for the region. Our findings indicate that ET tends to be much more conservative over time than R/P, which tended to be greater in the wet year (WY84). As would be expected, the three approaches have relative strengths and weaknesses. Mapping by MLRA may be more useful when measured estimates are few or when lack of local expertise limits contouring subjectively. Contouring allows for more detailed representation of patterns. Automated contouring has the advantages of efficiency and reproducibility, whereas manual contouring allows the exercise of potentially more accurate expert local knowledge, when it exists. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Church, M Robbins AU - Bishop, Gary D AU - Cassell, David L Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 283 EP - 298 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 168 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - statistical analysis KW - mapping KW - Eastern U.S. KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - water balance KW - evapotranspiration KW - PRISM KW - Northeastern U.S. KW - regional patterns KW - runoff KW - New England KW - regression analysis KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50146275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Maps+of+regional+evapotranspiration+and+runoff%2Fprecipitation+ratios+in+the+Northeast+United+States&rft.au=Church%2C+M+Robbins%3BBishop%2C+Gary+D%3BCassell%2C+David+L&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=168&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; Eastern U.S.; evapotranspiration; hydrology; land use; mapping; New England; Northeastern U.S.; PRISM; regional patterns; regression analysis; runoff; statistical analysis; United States; water balance ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil organic matter; distribution, genesis, and management to reduce greenhouse gas emissions AN - 50073232; 1996-014476 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Johnson, Mark G AU - Levine, Elissa R AU - Kern, Jeffrey S Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 593 EP - 615 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 82 IS - 3-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - Histosols KW - concentration KW - pedogenesis KW - fixation KW - methane KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - global change KW - alkanes KW - Spodosols KW - gases KW - carbon dioxide KW - Alfisols KW - provenance KW - organic compounds KW - denitrification KW - hydrocarbons KW - climate effects KW - greenhouse effect KW - Mollisols KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50073232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Soil+organic+matter%3B+distribution%2C+genesis%2C+and+management+to+reduce+greenhouse+gas+emissions&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Mark+G%3BLevine%2C+Elissa+R%3BKern%2C+Jeffrey+S&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 66 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alfisols; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; carbon dioxide; climate effects; concentration; denitrification; fixation; gases; global change; greenhouse effect; Histosols; hydrocarbons; methane; Mollisols; organic compounds; organic materials; pedogenesis; pollution; provenance; soil management; soils; Spodosols ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical support for EPA's site cleanup rule AN - 1011393114; 2012-042356 JF - Health Physics AU - Wolbarst, A B AU - Doehnert, M AU - Hull, H B AU - Mauro, J AU - Anigstein, R AU - Beres, D AU - Chan, D AU - Hay, S AU - Ralston, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 43 EP - 44 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York, NY VL - 68 IS - 6, Suppl. SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - soils KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - cost benefit analysis KW - cost KW - remediation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - decontamination KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1011393114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Technical+support+for+EPA%27s+site+cleanup+rule&rft.au=Wolbarst%2C+A+B%3BDoehnert%2C+M%3BHull%2C+H+B%3BMauro%2C+J%3BAnigstein%2C+R%3BBeres%2C+D%3BChan%2C+D%3BHay%2C+S%3BRalston%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wolbarst&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.health-physics.com/pt/re/healthphys/home.htm;jsessionid=G5qSTXSp0vDSHYTCTzDnLVFQz7CBNyYYSGk1jRLYMGG4QvPYTKvJ!1240718814!-949856144!8091!-1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fortieth annual meeting of the Health Physics Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cost; cost benefit analysis; decontamination; ecology; government agencies; isotopes; pollutants; pollution; public health; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; regulations; remediation; risk assessment; soils; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in Microtubules, Intermediate Filaments, and Microfilaments Induced by Microcystin-LR in Cultured Cells AN - 853474226; 13645628 AB - Microcystin-LR (MCLR) is a cyanobacterial hepatotoxin that inhibits intracellular serine/threonine protein phosphatases causing disruption of actin microfilaments (MFs) and intermediate filaments (IFs) in hepatocytes. This study compared the effects of MCLR on the organization of MFs, IFs, and microtubules (MTs) in hepatocytes and nonhepatocyte cell lines and determined the sequence of toxin-induced changes in these cytoskeletal components. Rat renal epithelial cells and fibroblasts were incubated with MCLR at 100 or 200 kM for 6-18 hr. Rat hepatocytes in primary culture were exposed to the toxin at 1 or 10 km for 2-64 min. Cells were fixed and incubated with primary antibodies against b-tubulin, actin, and vimentin or cytokeratin IFs, followed by gold-labeled secondary antibodies with silver enhancement of the gold probe. The fraction of fibroblasts and hepatocytes with altered cytoskeletal morphology was evaluated as a function of MCLR dose and exposure time to assess the sequence of changes in cytoskeletal components. Changes in fibroblasts and some hepatocytes were characterized initially by disorganization of IFs, followed rapidly by disorganization of MTs, with the progressive collapse of both cytoskeletal components around cell nuclei. Many hepatocytes exhibited MT changes prior to effects on IF structure. Alterations in MFs occurred later and included initial aggregation of actin under the plasma membrane, followed by condensation into rosette-like structures and eventual complete collapse into a dense perinuclear bundle. The similarity of effects among different cell types suggests a common mechanism of action, but the independent kinetics of IF and MT disruption in hepatocytes suggests that there may be at least 2 sites of phosphorylation that lead to cytoskeletal alterations. JF - Toxicologic Pathology AU - Wickstrom, Mark L AU - Khan, Safdar A AU - Haschek, Wanda M AU - Wyman, John F AU - Eriksson, John E AU - Schaeffer, David J AU - Beasley, Val R AD - Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, US EPA, 8 HWM-SM, 999 18th Street, Suite 500, Denver, Colorado 80202-2466 Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 326 EP - 337 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Epithelial cells KW - Hepatocytes KW - Probes KW - Cell culture KW - Vimentin KW - Fibroblasts KW - Cytoskeleton KW - Phosphorylation KW - Plasma membranes KW - Gold KW - Actin KW - Nuclei KW - Serine KW - Cytokeratin KW - Microfilaments KW - Microtubules KW - Toxins KW - Antibodies KW - Kinetics KW - Kidney KW - Condensation KW - Microcystin-LR KW - Intermediate filaments KW - Tubulin KW - Silver KW - protein phosphatase KW - Threonine KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853474226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+Microtubules%2C+Intermediate+Filaments%2C+and+Microfilaments+Induced+by+Microcystin-LR+in+Cultured+Cells&rft.au=Wickstrom%2C+Mark+L%3BKhan%2C+Safdar+A%3BHaschek%2C+Wanda+M%3BWyman%2C+John+F%3BEriksson%2C+John+E%3BSchaeffer%2C+David+J%3BBeasley%2C+Val+R&rft.aulast=Wickstrom&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=326&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F019262339502300309 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epithelial cells; Hepatocytes; Probes; Cell culture; Vimentin; Fibroblasts; Cytoskeleton; Plasma membranes; Phosphorylation; Gold; Actin; Nuclei; Serine; Cytokeratin; Microtubules; Microfilaments; Toxins; Antibodies; Kinetics; Kidney; Condensation; Intermediate filaments; Microcystin-LR; Tubulin; Threonine; protein phosphatase; Silver DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019262339502300309 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of subchronic chlorate exposure in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 77640227; 7497911 AB - Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to drinking water containing 3.0, 12.0 or 48.0 mM sodium chlorate. The mean drinking water consumption varied between exposure groups from 100-200 ml/kg/day. Female exposure groups consistently drank more water (23-42%) than male exposure groups thereby receiving more chlorate/kg/day at every exposure level. There were no compound related deaths; however, both males and females in the high exposure groups had significant weight loss during the 90-day exposure period. Also, in these same groups females had mild but significant decreases in the following relative organ weights; adrenals, thymus and spleen, while the relative brain weight was increased. In males, the heart, kidneys and liver were mildly decreased while the brain and testes were mildly increased. Red blood cell counts and percent hematocrit were decreased in both sexes in the high dose group. Pituitary gland (pars distalis) vacuolization and thyroid gland colloid depletion were prominent in both sexes in mid and/or high dose animals. A NOAEL of 0.36 mM chlorate/kg b.w./day in males and 0.50 mM chlorate/kg b.w./day in females were established. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - McCauley, P T AU - Robinson, M AU - Daniel, F B AU - Olson, G R AD - Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 185 EP - 199 VL - 18 IS - 2-3 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Chlorates KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - sodium chlorate KW - T95DR77GMR KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Organ Specificity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Chlorates -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Herbicides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77640227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+subchronic+chlorate+exposure+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=McCauley%2C+P+T%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BOlson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=McCauley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-18 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of subacute and subchronic oral exposure to cis-1,2-dichloroethylene in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 77640094; 7497910 AB - Cis-1,2-dichloroethylene was administered daily by corn oil gavage to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats at the following dose levels: 1.0, 3.0, 10.0 and 22.0 mmol/kg/day for 14 days. Doses gavaged during the 90-day subchronic study were 0.33, 1.00, 3.00 and 9.00 mmol/kg/day. There were no compound-related deaths or histopathological changes demonstrated. Significant increases in relative liver weights were seen after 14- and 90-days of treatment in both sexes. This study demonstrates some indication of toxicity at subacute and subchronic exposure levels as low as 0.33 mmol/kg/day. Implications of liver abnormalities were demonstrated at an exposure level of 1 mmol/kg/day while kidney abnormalities (relative weights) were demonstrated at an exposure level of 0.33 mmol/kg/day. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - McCauley, P T AU - Robinson, M AU - Daniel, F B AU - Olson, G R AD - Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory, U. S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 171 EP - 184 VL - 18 IS - 2-3 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Dichloroethylenes KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 1,2-dichloroethylene KW - XU9RUA6YUT KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Drug Administration Schedule KW - Reference Standards KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Dichloroethylenes -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77640094?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+subacute+and+subchronic+oral+exposure+to+cis-1%2C2-dichloroethylene+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=McCauley%2C+P+T%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BOlson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=McCauley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-18 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity studies of 1,3-dichlorobenzene in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 77639999; 7497912 AB - Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received 1,3-dichlorobenzene daily by corn oil gavage for 10 or 90 consecutive days. The 10-day study doses were 0, 37, 147, 368 and 735 mg/kg; the 90-day study doses were 0, 9, 37, 147 and 588 mg/kg. In the 10-day study, there was a significant depression of body weight in both sexes at 735 mg/kg. Liver weights were significantly increased in both sexes at 368 and 735 mg/kg. Serum cholesterol levels were significantly elevated in both sexes at 368 and 735 mg/kg. Histopathological evaluation revealed centrolobular hepatocellular degeneration at 368 mg/kg in males and 735 mg/kg in females. In the 90-day study, body weights were significantly depressed in both sexes at 588 mg/kg. Normalization of food and water consumption by final body weight indicated that at 588 mg/kg both sexes had increased food and water consumption relative to controls. Absolute and relative liver weights were significantly increased in both sexes at 147 and 588 mg/kg. Relative kidney weights were significantly higher in both sexes at 588 mg/kg and in males at 147 mg/kg. Serum cholesterol and calcium levels were significantly elevated over controls in females at 37, 147, and 588 mg/kg, and in males at all dose levels. Histopathological evaluation at 147 and/or 588 mg/kg demonstrated liver and thyroid lesions in both sexes, and pituitary and kidney lesions in males. A NOAEL was not firmly established. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - McCauley, P T AU - Robinson, M AU - Daniel, F B AU - Olson, G R AD - Risk Reduction Engineering Laboratory U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 201 EP - 221 VL - 18 IS - 2-3 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Chlorobenzenes KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 1,3-dichlorobenzene KW - 75W0WNE5FP KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Administration, Oral KW - Eating -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Reference Standards KW - Rats KW - Hematologic Tests KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Risk Factors KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Chlorobenzenes -- toxicity KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77639999?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+studies+of+1%2C3-dichlorobenzene+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=McCauley%2C+P+T%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BOlson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=McCauley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-18 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels in the brains of transgenic mice expressing the bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene. AN - 77571891; 7556516 AB - Transgenic mice, expressing the gene for bovine growth hormone (bGH), exhibit increased body size, reduced reproductive capacity, and high basal levels of several hormones including corticosterone. Their shortened life span may be indicative of accelerated aging. As prominent astrogliosis of the CNS accompanies aging in rodents, bGH transgenic mice were examined for astrogliosis, as quantified by an ELISA for the astrocyte-localized protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Transgenic mice were produced by mating C57BL/6 x C3H F1 hybrid females with male descendants of animals produced by microinjection of fertilized eggs with phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK)/bGH-hybrid gene. Transgenic mice (approximately 3.5 and approximately 12 months of age) weighed significantly more than same age or older (approximately 20 month) controls. Most of their internal organs, including the heart, kidneys, adrenals, liver, and spleen, were also heavier. In contrast, the thymus was heavier only in the younger transgenic mice. Serum corticosterone was highest in the older transgenic mice. A small but significant increase in whole brain, cortex, and cerebellar weight, relative to controls and the older transgenic mice, was found in the younger transgenic mice. Control mice exhibited large, significant age-related increases in GFAP. Increases of 35, 70, 68, 89, 79, and 95% for cortex, cerebellum, striatum, hippocampus, midbrain, and brain stem, respectively, were found when comparing the oldest (approximately 20 months) control mice to the youngest (approximately 3.5 months). In contrast, in the olfactory bulbs and the hypothalamus there were no age-related changes in the levels of GFAP in control mice. Transgenic mice (approximately 3.5 months) had significantly elevated GFAP levels relative to the same-age controls in all brain areas examined. In some brain areas, the GFAP levels found in the younger transgenic mice were equivalent to those found in the oldest controls. No differences between controls and transgenics were found in tyrosine hydroxylase protein levels of striatum or hypothalamus. The elevated GFAP levels of transgenic mice may reflect increased neural damage due to accelerated aging processes or damage associated with high circulating levels of bGH or corticosterone. Alternatively, the increased expression of GFAP in the transgenic mice may reflect altered regulation of GFAP rather than an increase signaled by neural damage. JF - Experimental gerontology AU - Miller, D B AU - Bartke, A AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 383 EP - 400 VL - 30 IS - 3-4 SN - 0531-5565, 0531-5565 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Growth Hormone KW - 9002-72-6 KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.16.2 KW - Corticosterone KW - W980KJ009P KW - Index Medicus KW - Aging -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - Organ Size KW - Cattle KW - Corticosterone -- blood KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Aging -- pathology KW - Aging -- genetics KW - Female KW - Male KW - Growth Hormone -- genetics KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Brain -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77571891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+gerontology&rft.atitle=Increased+glial+fibrillary+acidic+protein+%28GFAP%29+levels+in+the+brains+of+transgenic+mice+expressing+the+bovine+growth+hormone+%28bGH%29+gene.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BBartke%2C+A%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+gerontology&rft.issn=05315565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-03 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implications of the use of neonatal birth weight, growth, viability, and survival data for predicting developmental neurotoxicity: a survey of the literature. AN - 77422535; 7542737 AB - Current screening strategies for developmental neurotoxicants emphasize extensive behavioral and histological examination of the nervous system of maternally exposed offspring. In an ongoing effort to identify more rapid screening techniques which accurately predict developmental neurotoxicity, we conducted a literature review to investigate the suggestion that the Chernoff/Kavlock assay may adequately identify developmental neurotoxicants as well as developmental toxicants (58). We included information on a broad range of chemical classes including: pesticides, heavy metals, solvents, antiproliferative agents, and neuroactive drugs. For each chemical/agent, we recorded evidence of developmental neurotoxicity, teratological malformations of the nervous system, and associated information on the effects of that chemical on birth weight, growth, fetal viability, and/or neonatal survival (neonatal endpoints included in the Chernoff/Kavlock assay). Although complete Chernoff/Kavlock data were not always available, our results indicate that only 65% of developmental neurotoxicants affected at least one of the neonatal endpoints in the assay. Based on these results, we believe that reliance on the Chernoff/Kavlock assay as a primary developmental neurotoxicity screen could lead to a number of "false negatives" in hazard identification studies, and this assay should not be used to replace more comprehensive developmental neurotoxicity screening procedures. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Goldey, E S AU - Tilson, H A AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 313 EP - 332 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Growth -- physiology KW - Developmental Disabilities -- chemically induced KW - Birth Weight -- physiology KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77422535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Implications+of+the+use+of+neonatal+birth+weight%2C+growth%2C+viability%2C+and+survival+data+for+predicting+developmental+neurotoxicity%3A+a+survey+of+the+literature.&rft.au=Goldey%2C+E+S%3BTilson%2C+H+A%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Goldey&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-28 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory responses of asthmatics to ozone. AN - 77391471; 7613140 AB - Asthmatic individuals in the general population appear to be susceptible to disease exacerbation during summertime 'smog' episodes (ambient air pollution containing other pollutants in addition to ozone). Although controlled exposure to ozone causes acute decrements in lung function, asthmatic subjects are only marginally more susceptible to these effects. Ozone exposure also causes respiratory tract inflammatory changes, both in normals and asthmatics. Recent studies suggest that ozone pre-exposure augments the responses of allergic asthmatics to nasal and inhalation challenge with specific antigen. This may offer one possible explanation for the findings of field studies. JF - International archives of allergy and immunology AU - Koren, H S AU - Bromberg, P A AD - Human Studies Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 236 EP - 238 VL - 107 IS - 1-3 SN - 1018-2438, 1018-2438 KW - Smog KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Smog -- adverse effects KW - Disease Susceptibility KW - Humans KW - Bronchial Provocation Tests KW - Inflammation -- chemically induced KW - Adult KW - Child KW - Nasal Provocation Tests KW - Forced Expiratory Volume -- drug effects KW - Asthma -- physiopathology KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77391471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+archives+of+allergy+and+immunology&rft.atitle=Respiratory+responses+of+asthmatics+to+ozone.&rft.au=Koren%2C+H+S%3BBromberg%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Koren&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+archives+of+allergy+and+immunology&rft.issn=10182438&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strain differences in the laboratory rat: impact on the autonomic, behavioral, and biochemical response to cholinesterase inhibition. AN - 77281747; 7752289 AB - Intraspecies variation has been found to affect the physiological, behavioral, and biochemical responses to a variety of neurotoxicants, including the organophosphate diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). However, there is little information on long-term physiological responses to neurotoxicant exposure using strain as a dependent variable. In the present study, radiotelemetry methodology was used to continuously monitor core temperature, heart rate, and motor activity for 4 d following administration of 1.5 mg/kg DFP (sc) in four common strains of rat: Sprague-Dawley (SD), Long-Evans (LE), Fischer 344 (F344), and Wistar (WST). The F344 rat was least susceptible to DFP in terms of both a minimal hypothermic response and recovery of the day-night difference in core temperature. The SD strain was unusual in that its heart rate was elevated relative to the other strains after DFP, in spite of a marked decrease in core temperature and motor activity. The LE strain exhibited the largest reduction in core temperature and heart rate following DFP. Serum and brain cholinesterase activity (ChE) measured 3 h after administration of 1.0 mg/kg DFP also indicated strain effects. The F344 showed less inhibition in these variables compared to the other strains, a response that may explain its attenuated thermoregulatory response to DFP. Overall, the inbred F344 rat demonstrated better resistance to DFP compared to the outbred strains. Therefore, the impact of genetic differences on sensitivity to neurotoxicants such as DFP could be an important tool in understanding the mechanism of action of these agents. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Gordon, C J AU - Watkinson, W P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 59 EP - 73 VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Genetic Variation KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Isoflurophate -- administration & dosage KW - Rats -- physiology KW - Rats -- genetics KW - Isoflurophate -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77281747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Strain+differences+in+the+laboratory+rat%3A+impact+on+the+autonomic%2C+behavioral%2C+and+biochemical+response+to+cholinesterase+inhibition.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-19 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of microcosm and fish toxicity data to select mesocosm treatment concentrations. AN - 77278268; 7755400 AB - Data from Mixed Flask Culture (MFC) microcosms and fish single species toxicity tests were used to select treatment concentrations for littoral enclosure studies. Selected concentrations were evaluated by comparing the predicted responses to those observed in littoral enclosure studies with a pyrethroid pesticide, esfenvalerate (Lozano et al. 1989) and an organophosphate pesticide, azinphos-methyl (Knuth et al. 1992). Comparisons of the effects predicted by these laboratory studies and effects that occurred in the two littoral enclosure trials provided useful information on the accuracy associated with each prediction. Although the approach did not always predict the exact magnitude or breadth of response found in the littoral enclosures, response levels for each of the selected treatment concentrations were adequate to describe the dose-response relationship of the littoral ecosystem for the two pesticides. The evaluation suggests that selection of treatment concentrations for the two littoral enclosure studies could have been improved by using this approach. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Stay, F S AU - Jarvinen, A W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Environmental Research Laboratory, Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 451 EP - 458 VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Nitriles KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Pyrethrins KW - Azinphosmethyl KW - 265842EWUV KW - fenvalerate KW - Z6MXZ39302 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Fresh Water KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Fishes -- metabolism KW - Invertebrates KW - Pesticide Residues -- metabolism KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Ecosystem KW - Pyrethrins -- analysis KW - Pyrethrins -- toxicity KW - Azinphosmethyl -- toxicity KW - Insecticides -- analysis KW - Azinphosmethyl -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77278268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+microcosm+and+fish+toxicity+data+to+select+mesocosm+treatment+concentrations.&rft.au=Stay%2C+F+S%3BJarvinen%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Stay&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-21 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organochlorine, organobromine, metal, and selenium residues in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) collected during an unusual mortality event in the Gulf of Mexico, 1990. AN - 77277426; 7755403 AB - Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), cis-chlordane, oxychlordane, heptachlor epoxide, mirex, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), lindane, octachlorostyrene (OCS), p,p'-DDE,p,p'-DDT, dieldrin, triphenylphosphate (TPP), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PB-DPEs) were measured in the blubber, and five metals (mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium, and manganese) and selenium were measured in the liver of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) obtained from the Gulf of Mexico during an unusual mortality event in 1990. The collection of animals included fetuses, sucklings (< 1 year old), immature dolphins (2-5 years old), and adults of both sexes. PCBs, p,p'-DDE, HCB, and PBDPEs were detected in the blubber of each animal. Mean concentrations of organic contaminants were generally highest in adult males. p,p'-DDE was the single component analyte measured at the highest concentration. Immature females had greater concentrations of most chlorinated organics than adult females. Mercury and cadmium concentrations in liver increased with increasing age-class. The correlation between mercury and selenium in all animals was r = 0.96, with a mole ratio of 0.90. Concentrations of lead, manganese, cadmium, and chromium did not follow any particular age-class trend. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Kuehl, D W AU - Haebler, R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 494 EP - 499 VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Polybrominated Biphenyls KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Selenium KW - H6241UJ22B KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals, Suckling KW - Animals KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Poisoning -- veterinary KW - Poisoning -- mortality KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Polybrominated Biphenyls -- poisoning KW - Insecticides -- metabolism KW - Selenium -- metabolism KW - Insecticides -- poisoning KW - Selenium -- poisoning KW - Polybrominated Biphenyls -- metabolism KW - Metals -- poisoning KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- poisoning KW - Metals -- metabolism KW - Dolphins -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77277426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Organochlorine%2C+organobromine%2C+metal%2C+and+selenium+residues+in+bottlenose+dolphins+%28Tursiops+truncatus%29+collected+during+an+unusual+mortality+event+in+the+Gulf+of+Mexico%2C+1990.&rft.au=Kuehl%2C+D+W%3BHaebler%2C+R&rft.aulast=Kuehl&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=494&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-21 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Restrictive lung disease in rats exposed chronically to an urban profile of ozone. AN - 77259902; 7735608 AB - The potential for irreversible lung impairment resulting from life-long ozone (O3) exposure remains uncertain. To address this question, young adult rats (male, F-344) were exposed to a simulated urban profile of O3 for 1, 3, 13, 52, or 78 wk, after which pulmonary function tests were performed. To assess reversibility of effects, cohorts from the 13-, 52-, and 78-wk groups were evaluated, respectively, after an additional 6, 27, and 17 wk of clean air. Static and dynamic lung properties were based on measurements of lung volume apportionment, respiratory system compliance (Crs), DLCO, multibreath N2 washout, and maximum expiratory flow-volume relationships. Electrocardiography was also performed in unanesthetized, restrained rats after 52 and 78 wk, as were determinations of wet and dry lung weights, lung collagen, and associated connective tissue crosslinks. Small (< 10%) but significant reductions in TLC and RV were noted after 13, 52, and 78 wk of O3 exposure. At 13 and 52 wk, N2 washout was enhanced, though at 78 wk it was similar to control. None of these changes appeared progressive with continued O3 exposure. Post exposure to clean air did not completely reverse the reduction in TLC. Additionally, Crs, though not affected during O3 exposure, decreased during the air recovery. No O3-related changes in collagen were apparent, however. Thus, near life-long exposure of F-344 rats to a worse-case, urban profile of O3 appears to have led to a functionally restrictive, i.e. "stiffened," lung without overt fibrosis. Furthermore, certain aspects of the O3-induced effect were not fully reversible. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Costa, D L AU - Tepper, J S AU - Stevens, M A AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Doerfler, D L AU - Gelzleichter, T R AU - Last, J A AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 1512 EP - 1518 VL - 151 IS - 5 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Collagen KW - 9007-34-5 KW - Hydroxyproline KW - RMB44WO89X KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Hydroxyproline -- analysis KW - Electrocardiography KW - Collagen -- analysis KW - Total Lung Capacity KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Lung Compliance KW - Lung Diseases, Obstructive -- physiopathology KW - Lung Diseases, Obstructive -- chemically induced KW - Lung -- chemistry KW - Lung Diseases, Obstructive -- metabolism KW - Lung -- physiopathology KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77259902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Restrictive+lung+disease+in+rats+exposed+chronically+to+an+urban+profile+of+ozone.&rft.au=Costa%2C+D+L%3BTepper%2C+J+S%3BStevens%2C+M+A%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P%3BDoerfler%2C+D+L%3BGelzleichter%2C+T+R%3BLast%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Costa&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical- and sediment-mediated reduction of azo dye Disperse Blue 79 AN - 52818048; 1996-054844 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Weber, Eric J AU - Adams, R L Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 1163 EP - 1170 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - sediment-water interface KW - degradation KW - chemical waste KW - dyes KW - 2-bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline KW - Athens Georgia KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - kinetics KW - organic materials KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - Clarke County Georgia KW - organic compounds KW - residence time KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - Georgia KW - transformations KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52818048?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Chemical-+and+sediment-mediated+reduction+of+azo+dye+Disperse+Blue+79&rft.au=Weber%2C+Eric+J%3BAdams%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - 2-bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline; anaerobic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; Athens Georgia; carbon; chemical dispersion; chemical waste; Clarke County Georgia; degradation; dyes; Georgia; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; kinetics; migration of elements; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; pollutants; pollution; residence time; sediment-water interface; surface water; transformations; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstrating the feasibility of anaerobic cometabolic biodegradation of trichloroethene and BTEX compounds AN - 50236827; 2009-085641 JF - Proceedings of the National Outdoor Action Conference on Aquifer Restoration, Ground Water Monitoring and Geophysical Methods AU - Benson, Leigh A AU - Schmiermund, Ronald L AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Cannon, Kyle L AU - Crawford, William E AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Miller, Ross N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 209 EP - 224 PB - National Water Well Association, Dublin, OH VL - 9 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - feasibility studies KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ethylbenzene KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - trichloroethylene KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50236827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.atitle=Demonstrating+the+feasibility+of+anaerobic+cometabolic+biodegradation+of+trichloroethene+and+BTEX+compounds&rft.au=Benson%2C+Leigh+A%3BSchmiermund%2C+Ronald+L%3BWiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BCannon%2C+Kyle+L%3BCrawford%2C+William+E%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BMiller%2C+Ross+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Benson&rft.aufirst=Leigh&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Ninth national outdoor action conference and exposition on Aquifer remediation, ground water monitoring, and geophysical methods N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02794 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; ethylbenzene; feasibility studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; toluene; trichloroethylene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of combined air injection/extraction (CIE) well to minimize vacuum enhanced water recovery AN - 50235887; 2009-085663 JF - Proceedings of the National Outdoor Action Conference on Aquifer Restoration, Ground Water Monitoring and Geophysical Methods AU - DiGiulio, Dominic C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 543 EP - 558 PB - National Water Well Association, Dublin, OH VL - 9 KW - boreholes KW - pollutants KW - air injection KW - soil vapor extraction KW - pollution KW - water wells KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50235887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.atitle=Use+of+combined+air+injection%2Fextraction+%28CIE%29+well+to+minimize+vacuum+enhanced+water+recovery&rft.au=DiGiulio%2C+Dominic+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=DiGiulio&rft.aufirst=Dominic&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Ninth national outdoor action conference and exposition on Aquifer remediation, ground water monitoring, and geophysical methods N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02794 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air injection; boreholes; ground water; pollutants; pollution; soil vapor extraction; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Partners in ground water protection AN - 50073624; 1996-013964 JF - WSTB Newsletter (Water Science and Technology Board, National Research Council) AU - Goldman, Lynn Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 1 EP - 3 PB - National Research Council, Water Science and Technology Board, Washington, DC VL - 12 IS - 2 KW - United States KW - protection KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - water management KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - policy KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50073624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WSTB+Newsletter+%28Water+Science+and+Technology+Board%2C+National+Research+Council%29&rft.atitle=Partners+in+ground+water+protection&rft.au=Goldman%2C+Lynn&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=WSTB+Newsletter+%28Water+Science+and+Technology+Board%2C+National+Research+Council%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03293 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; government agencies; ground water; monitoring; pesticides; policy; pollutants; pollution; protection; regulations; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; water management; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunological effects of 2-methoxyethanol administered dermally or orally to Fischer 344 rats. AN - 77260850; 7740549 AB - Exposure of rats to 2-methoxyethanol (ME) by gavage for 10 consecutive days results in immunotoxicity. To determine whether dermal exposure to ME also induces immunotoxicity, undiluted ME was applied to Fisher 344 male rats at dose levels of 150, 300, 600, 900 or 1200 mg/kg/day on shaved occluded test sites for 4 consecutive days. Decreased thymus weights were produced by all doses of ME, while reductions in spleen weight were observed at doses of 900 mg/kg/day ME or greater. The alterations in these lymphoid organ weights were produced in the absence of loss in body weight. The lymphoproliferative (LP) responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) were enhanced at 1200 mg/kg/day ME compared with water controls. Separate groups of rats, employed for the antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to either trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS) or sheep red blood cells (SRBC), were exposed dermally to 150, 300 or 600 mg/kg/day ME for 4 consecutive days. A reduction in the PFC response to TNP was observed at 600 mg/kg/day ME, whereas decreases in the PFC response to SRBC were observed at dosages of 300 and 600 mg/kg/day ME. To compare the immunotoxic effects of dermally applied ME to those effects caused by ME administered orally, rats were dosed by gavage with 25, 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg/day ME in distilled water for 4 consecutive days. Reductions in thymus weights were observed at oral dosages ranging from 50-200 mg/kg/day, while spleen weights were reduced in rats dosed at 200 mg/kg/day ME. LP responses to PHA, PWM and Salmonella typhimurium were increased at the 200 mg/kg/day ME dose level. PFC responses to TNP-LPS and SRBC were suppressed at the 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day ME dosages. These results indicate that, like oral exposure, dermal exposure to ME compromises the ability of the immune system to mount an effective humoral immune response. JF - Toxicology AU - Williams, W C AU - Riddle, M M AU - Copeland, C B AU - Andrews, D L AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/04/12/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Apr 12 SP - 215 EP - 223 VL - 98 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Ethylene Glycols KW - 0 KW - methyl cellosolve KW - EK1L6XWI56 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Administration, Cutaneous KW - Male KW - Antibody Formation -- drug effects KW - Ethylene Glycols -- toxicity KW - Ethylene Glycols -- administration & dosage KW - Immunity -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77260850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Immunological+effects+of+2-methoxyethanol+administered+dermally+or+orally+to+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=Williams%2C+W+C%3BRiddle%2C+M+M%3BCopeland%2C+C+B%3BAndrews%2C+D+L%3BSmialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-04-12&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-08 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity of formate and formic acid in whole embryo culture: a comparative study with mouse and rat embryos. AN - 77638044; 7570366 AB - Acute methanol (MeOH) toxicity in primates is attributed to the conversion of MeOH to formate and the resulting acidosis. MeOH has been shown to be developmentally toxic in mice and rats both in vivo and in vitro, but rodents neither accumulate formate nor develop acidosis after MeOH exposure. To further assess the potential human developmental toxicity of MeOH exposure, we evaluated the developmental effects of sodium (Na) formate and formic acid in rodent whole embryo culture (WEC). Day 9 rat embryos were cultured for 24 or 48 hours and day 8 mouse embryos were cultured for 24 hours in the presence of Na-formate or formic acid. Rat and mouse embryos exposed to either agent for 24 hours exhibited a trend toward reduced growth and development and the number of abnormalities increased at the higher concentrations. Rat embryos exposed for 48 hours to either Na-formate or formic acid showed a trend toward reduced growth and development with increasing concentration. Embryo lethality and incidence of abnormal embryos were also increased at the higher concentrations. The anomalies observed in both species after exposure to either compound were primarily open anterior and posterior neuropore with less frequent incidence of rotational defects, tail anomalies, enlarged pericardium and delayed heart development. Exposure to Na-formate or formic acid for comparable periods of time results in comparable degrees of embryotoxicity at concentrations (mMolar) at least 4-fold lower than those previously reported for methanol exposure. JF - Teratology AU - Andrews, J E AU - Ebron-McCoy, M AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Rogers, J M AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 243 EP - 251 VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Formates KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - formic acid KW - 0YIW783RG1 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Mice, Inbred ICR KW - Culture Techniques KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Proteins -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Formates -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77638044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+of+formate+and+formic+acid+in+whole+embryo+culture%3A+a+comparative+study+with+mouse+and+rat+embryos.&rft.au=Andrews%2C+J+E%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BRogers%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmark Dose Workshop: criteria for use of a benchmark dose to estimate a reference dose. AN - 77458719; 7644719 AB - The purpose of the Benchmark Dose Workshop was to assess the feasibility and implications of replacing the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) with a benchmark dose (BMD) when deriving reference doses and concentrations (RfDs and RfCs). The workshop participants supported the use of the BMD method to remove many of the limitations inherent in using the NOAEL approach. Participants endorsed in general the use of a BMD for all quantal noncancer health effects and endorsed in particular the BMD for assessing developmental toxicity based on data presented at the workshop. The discussions of implementation recognized the need to demonstrate that changing from a NOAEL to a BMD gives the risk manager more certain information on which to base decisions. Most participants agreed that the current NOAEL-derived RfDs and RfCs are sufficiently protective and should only be changed as data become available for estimating a BMD. It was recognized that to achieve general acceptance of the BMD approach, it will have to be applied to a variety of endpoints. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Barnes, D G AU - Daston, G P AU - Evans, J S AU - Jarabek, A M AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Kimmel, C A AU - Park, C AU - Spitzer, H L AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, District of Columbia 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 296 EP - 306 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Feasibility Studies KW - Humans KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Toxicity Tests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77458719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Benchmark+Dose+Workshop%3A+criteria+for+use+of+a+benchmark+dose+to+estimate+a+reference+dose.&rft.au=Barnes%2C+D+G%3BDaston%2C+G+P%3BEvans%2C+J+S%3BJarabek%2C+A+M%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BKimmel%2C+C+A%3BPark%2C+C%3BSpitzer%2C+H+L&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-21 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of specimen banking in risk assessment. AN - 77438089; 7635120 AB - The risk assessment process is described with a focus on the hazard identification and dose-response components. Many of the scientific questions and uncertainties associated with these components are discussed, and the role for biomarkers and specimen banking in supporting these activities are assessed. Under hazard identification, the use of biomarkers in defining and predicting a) biologically adverse events; b) the progression of those events towards disease; and c) the potential for reversibility are explored. Biomarker applications to address high-to-low dose extrapolation and interindividual variability are covered under dose-response assessment. Several potential applications for specimen banking are proposed. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Zenick, H AU - Griffith, J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 9 EP - 12 VL - 103 Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Index Medicus KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Tissue Banks KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77438089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=The+role+of+specimen+banking+in+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Zenick%2C+H%3BGriffith%2C+J&rft.aulast=Zenick&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-14 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Environ Health. 1989 Nov-Dec;44(6):375-81 [2610525] Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Jul;132(1 Suppl):S48-52 [2356835] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1989;20(2):65-82 [2686696] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving the regulation of carcinogens by expediting cancer potency estimation. AN - 77366985; 7597261 AB - The statutory language of the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65; California Health and Safety Code 25249.5 et seq.) encourages rapid adoption of "no significant risk levels" (NSRLs), intakes associated with estimated cancer risks of no more than 1 in 100,000. Derivation of an NSRL for a carcinogen listed under Proposition 65 requires the development of a cancer potency value. This paper discusses the methodology for the derivation of cancer potencies using an expedited procedure, and provides potency estimates for a number of agents listed as carcinogens under Proposition 65. To derive expedited potency values, default risk assessment methods are applied to data sets selected from an extensive tabulation of animal cancer bioassays according to criteria used by regulatory agencies. A subset of these expedited values is compared to values previously developed by regulatory agencies using conventional quantitative risk assessment and found to be in good agreement. Specific regulatory activities which could be facilitated by adopting similar expedited procedures are identified. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Hoover, S M AU - Zeise, L AU - Pease, W S AU - Lee, L E AU - Hennig, M P AU - Weiss, L B AU - Cranor, C AD - Reproductive and Cancer Hazard Assessment Section, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 267 EP - 280 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Information Systems KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Water Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Toxicology -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Models, Statistical KW - Health Education KW - Risk Assessment KW - California KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Health Priorities KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Legislation as Topic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77366985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Improving+the+regulation+of+carcinogens+by+expediting+cancer+potency+estimation.&rft.au=Hoover%2C+S+M%3BZeise%2C+L%3BPease%2C+W+S%3BLee%2C+L+E%3BHennig%2C+M+P%3BWeiss%2C+L+B%3BCranor%2C+C&rft.aulast=Hoover&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling human interindividual variability in metabolism and risk: the example of 4-aminobiphenyl. AN - 77366872; 7597257 AB - We investigate, through modeling, the impact of interindividual heterogeneity in the metabolism of 4-aminobiphenyl (ABP) and in physiological factors on human cancer risk: A physiological pharmacokinetic model was used to quantify the time course of the formation of the proximate carcinogen, N-hydroxy-4-ABP and the DNA-binding of the active species in the bladder. The metabolic and physiologic model parameters were randomly varied, via Monte Carlo simulations, to reproduce interindividual variability. The sampling means for most parameters were scaled from values developed by Kadlubar et al. (Cancer Res., 51: 4371, 1991) for dogs; variances were obtained primarily from published human data (e.g., measurements of ABP N-oxidation, and arylamine N-acetylation in human liver tissue). In 500 simulations, theoretically representing 500 humans, DNA-adduct levels in the bladder of the most susceptible individuals are ten thousand times higher than for the least susceptible, and the 5th and 95th percentiles differ by a factor of 160. DNA binding for the most susceptible individual (with low urine pH, low N-acetylation and high N-oxidation activities) is theoretically one million-fold higher than for the least susceptible (with high urine pH, high N-acetylation and low N-oxidation activities). The simulations also suggest that the four factors contributing most significantly to interindividual differences in DNA-binding of ABP in human bladder are urine pH, ABP N-oxidation, ABP N-acetylation and urination frequency. JF - Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis AU - Bois, F Y AU - Krowech, G AU - Zeise, L AD - Reproductive and Cancer Hazard Assessment Section, State of California-Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 205 EP - 213 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Aminobiphenyl Compounds KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - DNA Adducts KW - 4-biphenylamine KW - 16054949HJ KW - N-hydroxy-4-aminobiphenyl KW - 6810-26-0 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Urinary Bladder -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Computer Simulation KW - Urination KW - Disease Susceptibility KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Models, Statistical KW - Monte Carlo Method KW - Risk Assessment KW - Oxidation-Reduction KW - Acetylation KW - DNA Adducts -- analysis KW - Urine KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Dogs KW - Models, Chemical KW - Aminobiphenyl Compounds -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Aminobiphenyl Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Aminobiphenyl Compounds -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77366872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Modeling+human+interindividual+variability+in+metabolism+and+risk%3A+the+example+of+4-aminobiphenyl.&rft.au=Bois%2C+F+Y%3BKrowech%2C+G%3BZeise%2C+L&rft.aulast=Bois&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+analysis+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+Society+for+Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and long-term effects of nine chemicals on the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes). AN - 77240218; 7726644 AB - Ninety-six-hour acute and 28-day larval survival and growth tests were conducted with nine organic chemicals, using the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) as the test organism. The nine tested chemicals were allyl isothiocyanate, aniline, benzyl acetate, 4-chloroaniline, 2-chloroethanol, 2,4-diaminotoluene, 1,2-dibromoethane, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and phenol. The derived 96-h LC50 values for medaka for all chemicals ranged from 0.077 mg/L for allyl isothiocyanate to 2,780 mg/L for 2,4-D. The chronic values for six of the nine chemicals tested ranged from 0.013 mg/L for allyl isothiocyanate to 42.5 mg/L for 2,4-D. Acute-to-chronic ratios for these six chemicals ranged from 1.4 for 2-chloroethanol to 70.9 for 2,4-D. Growth of medaka was significantly reduced in the lowest exposure concentration during 28-dy larval tests with aniline, 4-chloroaniline, and 2,4-diaminotoluene. The estimated maximum acceptable toxicant concentration was reported as less than the lowest exposure concentration of 4.6, 2.2 and 40.3 mg/L for tests with aniline, 4-chloroaniline and 2,4-diaminotoluene, respectively. Chronic values for 2-chloroethanol and medaka were 12.6 mg/L during an embryo-larval test and 22.1 mg/L during the 28-day larval test. JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Holcombe, G W AU - Benoit, D A AU - Hammermeister, D E AU - Leonard, E N AU - Johnson, R D AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 287 EP - 297 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aniline Compounds KW - 0 KW - Benzyl Compounds KW - Carcinogens KW - Isothiocyanates KW - Phenols KW - Phenylenediamines KW - benzyl acetate KW - 0ECG3V79ZJ KW - Ethylene Dibromide KW - 1N41638RNO KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid KW - 2577AQ9262 KW - Phenol KW - 339NCG44TV KW - Ethylene Chlorohydrin KW - 753N66IHAN KW - allyl isothiocyanate KW - BN34FX42G3 KW - 2,4-diaminotoluene KW - IS1AKN4HYB KW - aniline KW - SIR7XX2F1K KW - 4-chloroaniline KW - Z553SGH315 KW - Index Medicus KW - Oryzias KW - Animals KW - Ethylene Chlorohydrin -- toxicity KW - Phenylenediamines -- toxicity KW - Random Allocation KW - Larva KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Aniline Compounds -- toxicity KW - Isothiocyanates -- toxicity KW - Fresh Water KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Benzyl Compounds -- toxicity KW - Ethylene Dibromide -- toxicity KW - 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77240218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+and+long-term+effects+of+nine+chemicals+on+the+Japanese+medaka+%28Oryzias+latipes%29.&rft.au=Holcombe%2C+G+W%3BBenoit%2C+D+A%3BHammermeister%2C+D+E%3BLeonard%2C+E+N%3BJohnson%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Holcombe&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-23 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A discussion on the stage of lixiviation and the formation mechanism of the chemical composition of ground water in the Chongli mountainous area AN - 52718453; 1997-036645 JF - Hebei Dizhi Xueyuan Xuebao = Journal of Hebei College of Geology AU - Yu, Kaining AU - Jiang, Dayou Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 134 EP - 138 PB - Gai Kan Bianjibu = Hebei College of Geology, Shijiazhuang VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 1001-9707, 1001-9707 KW - processes KW - Far East KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - absorption KW - chemical reactions KW - Hebei China KW - Chongli China KW - ion exchange KW - leaching KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - China KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52718453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hebei+Dizhi+Xueyuan+Xuebao+%3D+Journal+of+Hebei+College+of+Geology&rft.atitle=A+discussion+on+the+stage+of+lixiviation+and+the+formation+mechanism+of+the+chemical+composition+of+ground+water+in+the+Chongli+mountainous+area&rft.au=Yu%2C+Kaining%3BJiang%2C+Dayou&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Kaining&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hebei+Dizhi+Xueyuan+Xuebao+%3D+Journal+of+Hebei+College+of+Geology&rft.issn=10019707&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; Asia; chemical reactions; China; Chongli China; Far East; geochemistry; ground water; Hebei China; hydrochemistry; ion exchange; leaching; processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an ASTM practice for conducting exposure and risk assessment for petroleum contamination AN - 50162803; 1995-032304 JF - AAPG Bulletin AU - Small, Matthew AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 598 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK VL - 79 IS - 4 SN - 0149-1423, 0149-1423 KW - United States KW - Minnesota KW - monitoring KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - underground storage tanks KW - pollution KW - Hawaii KW - Texas KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - petroleum products KW - remediation KW - case studies KW - Massachusetts KW - Oceania KW - risk assessment KW - applications KW - Polynesia KW - South Dakota KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50162803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+ASTM+practice+for+conducting+exposure+and+risk+assessment+for+petroleum+contamination&rft.au=Small%2C+Matthew%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=598&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.issn=01491423&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aapgbull.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Pacific Section meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AABUD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; case studies; East Pacific Ocean Islands; Hawaii; Massachusetts; Minnesota; monitoring; Oceania; Ohio; petroleum products; pollution; Polynesia; remediation; risk assessment; site exploration; South Dakota; Superfund; Texas; underground storage tanks; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic transformation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in a sand aquifer based on spatial chemical distributions AN - 50159746; 2000-045842 AB - We estimated the distribution of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) from groundwater samples collected along three transects in a sand aquifer. Trichloroethylene (TCE) leaked and contaminated the aquifer probably more than a decade before we collected the measurements. The data show significant concentrations of TCE, cis-l,2-dichloroethylene (c-DCE), vinyl chloride (VC), and ethene. We attributed DCE, VC, and ethene to the reductive dehalogenation of TCE. The CAH concentrations varied significantly with depth and correlate with sulfate and methane concentrations. Anoxic aquifer conditions exist with methane present at relatively high concentrations at depth. High concentrations of TCE correspond with the absence of methane or low methane concentrations, whereas products of TCE dehalogenation are associated with higher methane concentrations and low sulfate concentrations. Indications are that the dechlorination of TCE and DCE to VC and ethene is associated with sulfate reduction and active methanogenesis. TCE dechlorination to DCE is likely occurring under the less reducing conditions of sulfate reduction, with further reductions to VC and ethene occurring under methanogenic conditions. We estimated that about 20% of TCE has dechlorinated to ethene. The analysis of the data enhanced our knowledge of natural in situ transformation and transport processes of CAHs. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Semprini, Lewis AU - Kitanidis, Peter K AU - Kampbell, Don H AU - Wilson, John T Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 1051 EP - 1062 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - ethylene KW - transport KW - alkenes KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - sand KW - concentration KW - Berrien County Michigan KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Saint Joseph Michigan KW - depth KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - trichloroethylene KW - Michigan KW - transformations KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50159746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+transformation+of+chlorinated+aliphatic+hydrocarbons+in+a+sand+aquifer+based+on+spatial+chemical+distributions&rft.au=Semprini%2C+Lewis%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter+K%3BKampbell%2C+Don+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T&rft.aulast=Semprini&rft.aufirst=Lewis&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1051&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F94WR02380 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; anaerobic environment; aquifers; Berrien County Michigan; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; concentration; depth; ethylene; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Saint Joseph Michigan; sand; sediments; spatial distribution; transformations; transport; trichloroethylene; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94WR02380 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surficial extent and conceptual model of hydrothermal system at Mount Rainier, Washington AN - 50148583; 1995-041371 AB - A once massive hydrothermal system was disgorged from the summit of Mount Rainier in a highly destructive manner about 5000 years ago. Today, hydrothermal processes are depositing clayey alteration products that have the potential to reset the stage for similar events in the future. Areas of active hydrothermal alteration occur in three representative settings: (1) An extensive area (greater than 12,000 m (super 2) ) of heated ground and slightly acidic boiling-point fumaroles at 76-82 degrees C at East and West Craters on the volcano's summit, where alteration products include smectite, halloysite and disordered kaolinite, cristobalite, tridymite, opal, alunite, gibbsite, and calcite. (2) A small area (less than 500 m (super 2) ) of heated ground and sub-boiling-point fumaroles at 55-60 degrees C on the upper flank at Disappointment Cleaver with smectite alteration and chalcedony, tridymite, and opal-A encrustations. Similar areas probably occur at Willis Wall, Sunset Amphitheater, and the South Tahoma and Kautz headwalls. (3) Sulfate- and carbon dioxide-enriched thermal springs at 9-24 degrees C on the lower flank of the volcano in valley walls beside the Winthrop and Paradise Glaciers, where calcite, opal-A, and gypsum are being deposited. In addition, chloride- and carbon dioxide-enriched thermal springs issue from thin sediments that overlie Tertiary rocks at, or somewhat beyond, the base of the volcanic edifice in valley bottoms of the Nisqually and Ohanapecosh Rivers. Maximum spring temperatures of l9-25 degrees C and 38-50 degrees C, respectively, and extensive travertine deposits have developed in these more distant localities. The heat flow, distribution of thermal activity, and nature of alteration minerals and fluids suggest a conceptual model of a narrow, central hydrothermal system within Mount Rainier, with steam-heated snowmelt at the summit craters and localized leakage of steam-heated fluids within 2 km of the summit. The lateral extent of the hydrothermal system is marked by discharge of neutral sulfate-enriched thermal water from the lower flank of the cone. Simulations of geochemical mass transfer suggest that the thermal springs may be derived from an acid sulfate-chloride parent fluid which has been neutralized by reaction with andesite and highly diluted with shallow groundwater. The model may accommodate some of the thermal springs beyond the base of the edifice. Present heat flow from Mount Rainier is substantial relative to other Cascade Range volcanoes and does not appear to have diminished since at least the late 19th century. Evidence of older hydrothermal processes found in Holocene lithic tephra and debris avalanches record activity more extensive but similar in chemical composition to that of today. JF - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research AU - Frank, David Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 51 EP - 80 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 65 IS - 1-2 SN - 0377-0273, 0377-0273 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - Pierce County Washington KW - metasomatism KW - volcanism KW - tridymite KW - Mount Rainier KW - oxides KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - framework silicates KW - mineral assemblages KW - interpretation KW - gibbsite KW - processes KW - Washington KW - sulfates KW - opal KW - smectite KW - kaolinite KW - clay minerals KW - calcite KW - models KW - Cascade Range KW - alunite KW - cristobalite KW - volcanoes KW - sheet silicates KW - carbonates KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50148583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.atitle=Surficial+extent+and+conceptual+model+of+hydrothermal+system+at+Mount+Rainier%2C+Washington&rft.au=Frank%2C+David&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.issn=03770273&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0377-0273%2894%2900081-Q L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03770273 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 81 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JVGRDQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alunite; calcite; carbonates; Cascade Range; clay minerals; cristobalite; framework silicates; gibbsite; hydrothermal alteration; interpretation; kaolinite; metasomatism; mineral assemblages; models; Mount Rainier; opal; oxides; Pierce County Washington; processes; sheet silicates; silica minerals; silicates; smectite; sulfates; tridymite; United States; volcanism; volcanoes; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(94)00081-Q ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cell death in rat and mouse embryos exposed to methanol in whole embryo culture. AN - 77217301; 7716782 AB - Methanol induces developmental toxicity in rats and mice producing exencephaly, cleft palate, cervical skeletal defects, reduced body weight, and increased embryo/fetal death. Exposure to methanol in whole embryo culture also induces developmental retardation, dysmorphogenesis, and embryo lethality. In the present study, cultured rat and mouse embryos were exposed to methanol and subsequently observed for morphological effects and increased cell death using modified Feulgen staining which allowed nuclei throughout the embryo to be examined in situ. Growth and developmental scores were reduced by methanol in both rat and mouse embryos and the mouse embryos were affected at lower concentrations when compared to the rat. Methanol increased cell death in specific regions of both rat and mouse embryos, including the forebrain, the visceral arches, otic and optic placodes. These regions form derivatives which manifest morphological abnormalities following exposure in vivo. Methanol did not increase cell death in the neuroepithelium or neural folds and neural tube defects cannot be explained by excess cell death. The results of this study suggest that increased cell death in specific regions of the exposed embryos has a role in producing cranial malformations, abnormalities of the eye and ear, and cleft palate. JF - Toxicology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Ebron-McCoy, M AU - Andrews, J E AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/03/31/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Mar 31 SP - 159 EP - 171 VL - 97 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Mice KW - Cell Death -- drug effects KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77217301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Cell+death+in+rat+and+mouse+embryos+exposed+to+methanol+in+whole+embryo+culture.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M%3BAndrews%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-03-31&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. EPA challenges and review--highlights of the Fiscal Year 1994 Inspection Program and EPA's laboratory accreditation considerations. AN - 77729153; 8520861 AB - The reorganization and consolidation of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Headquarters Enforcement and Compliance programs into a new Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA) is now complete. The Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) inspection program is now part of the Office of Compliance, one of the principal offices in this new organization. The role of the Office of Compliance and the implications of these changes for the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) GLP programs are addressed. Highlights of the fiscal year 1994 inspection program are reviewed. The status of the Agency's consideration of laboratory accreditation is discussed. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Dull, D AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency (2225A), Agriculture and Ecosystems Division, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 20 EP - 28 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Organizational Innovation KW - Toxicology -- standards KW - Quality Control KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- organization & administration KW - Facility Regulation and Control KW - Hazardous Substances -- standards KW - Laboratories -- standards KW - Accreditation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77729153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=U.S.+EPA+challenges+and+review--highlights+of+the+Fiscal+Year+1994+Inspection+Program+and+EPA%27s+laboratory+accreditation+considerations.&rft.au=Dull%2C+D&rft.aulast=Dull&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial working and reference memory in rats bred for autonomic sensitivity to cholinergic stimulation: acquisition, accuracy, speed, and effects of cholinergic drugs. AN - 77493269; 7663885 AB - Rat lines were selected by breeding for sensitivity to signs of autonomic stimulation (hypotherma, loss of body weight, and reduced water intake) induced by the cholinesterase inhibitor diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). These lines have since been maintained for 10 generations by continued selection for hypothermic responsiveness to the muscarinic agonist oxotremorine. The sensitive rats (Flinders Sensitive Line, FSL) differ from the resistant rats (Flinders Resistant Line, FRL) both neurochemically and behaviorally, particularly in aversively motivated test situations in which response speed is assessed. This study was conducted to determine whether the selected differences in cholinergic autonomic sensitivity would be expressed as differences in cognitive ability based on choice accuracy in appetitive tasks. The working and reference memory of rats of these two strains was thus assessed using operant delayed matching-to-position/visual discrimination (DMTP/VD) and the radial-arm maze. A Long-Evans (L-E) reference group was included in the DMTP/VD study. FSL rats responded more slowly than the other rats during acquisition of both tasks, but showed no differences in response accuracy either during acquisition or during asymptotic performance of either task. In addition, challenges with muscarinic and nicotinic antagonists and agonists [scopolamine (0.06-1.0 mg/kg), pilocarpine (1.0-4.0 mg/kg), mecamylamine (1.0-10.0 mg/kg), and nicotine (0.1-0.3 mg/kg)] demonstrated predicted differences in sensitivity among the lines only on performance measures such as response latency and trial completion. Counter to prediction, the sensitivity of the FRL rats to the ability of scopolamine to reduce matching accuracy was lower than those of the L-E and FSL rats. Thus selection based upon physiological endpoints related to cholinergic autonomic homeostasis did not produce analogous differences in cognitive function in rats. JF - Neurobiology of learning and memory AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Levin, E D AU - Overstreet, D H AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 116 EP - 132 VL - 63 IS - 2 SN - 1074-7427, 1074-7427 KW - Cholinergic Agents KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Receptors, Nicotinic KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Oxotremorine KW - 5RY0UWH1JL KW - Index Medicus KW - Conditioning, Operant -- drug effects KW - Discrimination Learning -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Maze Learning -- drug effects KW - Oxotremorine -- pharmacology KW - Motivation KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- genetics KW - Selection, Genetic KW - Receptors, Nicotinic -- genetics KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Pattern Recognition, Visual -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- genetics KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Nicotinic -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Isoflurophate -- pharmacology KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Drinking -- genetics KW - Genotype KW - Reaction Time -- drug effects KW - Arousal -- drug effects KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Orientation -- drug effects KW - Arousal -- genetics KW - Cholinergic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Mental Recall -- drug effects KW - Reaction Time -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77493269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurobiology+of+learning+and+memory&rft.atitle=Spatial+working+and+reference+memory+in+rats+bred+for+autonomic+sensitivity+to+cholinergic+stimulation%3A+acquisition%2C+accuracy%2C+speed%2C+and+effects+of+cholinergic+drugs.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BLevin%2C+E+D%3BOverstreet%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurobiology+of+learning+and+memory&rft.issn=10747427&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-10 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. V. Immunologic effects. AN - 77401560; 7614940 AB - The immune system comprises a highly integrated network of multiple tissues and cell types with complicated interactions and effects. It is modulated by the endocrine and nervous systems and there is growing realization of its multifunctionality. The session focusing on immunologic effects of dioxin and related compounds following prenatal exposure involved a review of the immunotoxic effects that have been reported for polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs), a discussion of species differences in responses, and development of the immune system, and data from two ongoing epidemiological studies comparing the immune status of children exposed to higher-than-average concentrations of PHAHs both prenatally and lactationally. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 157 EP - 160 VL - 103 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Lymphocyte Subsets -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Immune System -- drug effects KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77401560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Workshop+on+perinatal+exposure+to+dioxin-like+compounds.+V.+Immunologic+effects.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Health Perspect. 1973 Sep;5:149-62 [4148092] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1994 Jul;23(1):125-31 [7958556] Chem Biol Interact. 1980 Jun;30(3):337-42 [7379212] Drug Chem Toxicol. 1979;2(1-2):77-98 [548257] Int J Immunopharmacol. 1980;2(4):301-10 [7203748] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1983 May;68(3):434-41 [6857677] Toxicology. 1985 Sep;36(4):307-24 [4049436] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1985 Dec;235(3):606-11 [3001270] Mol Pharmacol. 1989 Jan;35(1):18-25 [2783621] Adv Immunol. 1989;44:207-64 [2493727] J Immunol. 1990 Feb 15;144(4):1169-76 [2303704] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Aug;105(1):26-36 [2168100] Environ Res. 1990 Aug;52(2):146-54 [2118453] Arch Toxicol. 1990;64(5):345-59 [2403285] Arch Toxicol. 1991;65(3):213-9 [1905127] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1991 May;16(4):773-86 [1884915] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1974 Aug;29(2):229-41 [4283688] Arch Toxicol. 1992;66(4):250-9 [1514923] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1993 Apr;119(2):248-57 [8480333] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Feb;124(2):248-56 [8122270] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Mar;125(1):7-16 [8128497] Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1974;47(5):777-94 [4154311] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. IV. Neurobehavioral effects. AN - 77401321; 7614939 AB - Nine participants outlined findings in the area of neurobehavioral effects of dioxin-like compounds and presented plans for new studies. Neurobehavioral effects are among the most sensitive and well studied toxicity end points for this class of compounds. A focus of the workshop was presentation of designs for major new studies in human populations outside the United States that are intended to extend and clarify the results of two previous large-scale studies in populations in Michigan and North Carolina. Improved methods for exposure assessment and more focused approaches to understanding specific neurobehavioral deficits were highlighted. Animal studies and in vitro mechanistic studies are emphasizing the importance of alterations in neurotransmitter systems and thyroid function that may underlie behavioral dysfunction. There is continuing improvement in analytical and study design methods to identify the most active congeners of PCB mixtures in the environment. These diverse studies will contribute to effective response of public health and regulatory groups to this continuing problem. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Golub, M S AU - Jacobson, S W AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Cal/EPA, Sacramento 94234-7320, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 151 EP - 155 VL - 103 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Behavior -- drug effects KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77401321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Workshop+on+perinatal+exposure+to+dioxin-like+compounds.+IV.+Neurobehavioral+effects.&rft.au=Golub%2C+M+S%3BJacobson%2C+S+W&rft.aulast=Golub&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Ann Epidemiol. 1991 Aug;1(5):407-13 [1669521] Toxicol Lett. 1993 Jun;68(3):311-23 [8516785] Science. 1980 Dec 12;210(4475):1259-62 [7434027] J Pediatr. 1984 Aug;105(2):315-20 [6431068] J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 1985 Jan;26(1):137-59 [3882727] Child Dev. 1985 Aug;56(4):853-60 [3930167] J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1986 Sep;14(3):365-85 [3760345] Pediatrics. 1986 Dec;78(6):1021-6 [2431380] Am J Public Health. 1987 Oct;77(10):1294-7 [3115123] Monogr Soc Res Child Dev. 1987;51(3):1-67 [3683418] J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1987 Dec;15(4):629-50 [3437096] Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):334-6 [3133768] J Pediatr. 1988 Dec;113(6):991-5 [3142988] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1989 Jan-Feb;11(1):13-9 [2725437] Neurotoxicology. 1989 Winter;10(4):757-64 [2562550] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):239-48 [2115098] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Oct;106(1):136-44 [2123577] Neurotoxicology. 1991 Spring;12(1):55-65 [2014069] Toxicology. 1991 Feb;66(2):145-63 [2014516] J Pediatr. 1991 Jul;119(1 Pt 1):58-63 [1906100] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Oct;111(1):33-42 [1949034] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1992 Mar-Apr;14(2):131-41 [1593987] Arch Environ Health. 1992 May-Jun;47(3):185-95 [1596101] JAMA. 1992 Dec 9;268(22):3213-8 [1433761] Science. 1980 Dec 12;210(4475):1255-8 [7434026] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. VI. Role of biomarkers. AN - 77399893; 7614941 AB - Studies of perinatal exposures to dioxin-like compounds (DLCs), coplanar polycyclic halogenated aromatics whose prototype is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), have employed a variety of outcome measures to investigate effects on the reproductive/developmental, endocrine, immune, and neurobehavioral systems. The effects include infertility, growth retardation, fetal loss, changed sexual differentiation, reduced cognitive/motor function, dermatologic and other ectodermal effects, and decreased immune response. Significant biomarkers have included sperm count; CD4/CD8 ratio; and levels of testosterone, T4, and dopamine. Using specific dioxin or PCB congeners, these and other markers were used to investigate the mechanisms of the observed effects. The DLCs, which include some PCB congeners, are characterized by high-affinity binding to the Ah receptor; most biological effects are thought to be mediated by the ligand-Ah receptor complex. Other PCB congeners have low affinity for the Ah receptor, and operate by non-Ah receptor mechanisms. The biologic activity of a PCB mixture is the sum of the agonist and antagonist activities of the different constituents in the mixture. Animal studies with specific PCB congeners can help to clarify these activities. With similar approaches, biologic markers of effect can be developed and applied in epidemiologic studies to monitor for, and predict, adverse effects in humans. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Hooper, K AU - Clark, G C AD - Hazardous Materials Laboratory, Cal/EPA, Berkeley 94707, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 161 EP - 167 VL - 103 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Index Medicus KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Immune System -- drug effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Endocrine Glands -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77399893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Workshop+on+perinatal+exposure+to+dioxin-like+compounds.+VI.+Role+of+biomarkers.&rft.au=Hooper%2C+K%3BClark%2C+G+C&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Biochem Biophys. 1993 Jan;300(1):1-5 [8380960] Environ Health Perspect. 1992 Nov;98:125-32 [1336723] Toxicol Lett. 1993 Jun;68(3):311-23 [8516785] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Nov;21(4):433-41 [8253297] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Feb;124(2):248-56 [8122270] Arch Toxicol Suppl. 1994;16:128-37 [8192574] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Aug;127(2):250-7 [8048068] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Aug;127(2):258-67 [8048069] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1982;22:517-54 [6282188] Fertil Steril. 1983 Aug;40(2):220-30 [6873319] J Natl Cancer Inst. 1987 May;78(5):887-98 [3471998] J Immunol. 1988 Feb 1;140(3):928-35 [3257509] Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):334-6 [3133768] Mol Pharmacol. 1989 Jan;35(1):18-25 [2783621] Arch Toxicol. 1988;62(4):267-73 [3149182] J Pediatr. 1990 Jan;116(1):38-45 [2104928] Am J Ind Med. 1989;16(4):455-74 [2558567] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1990;30:251-77 [2188570] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 Jul-Aug;12(4):319-26 [2118230] Arch Toxicol. 1990;64(5):345-59 [2403285] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1990 Oct;255(1):128-32 [2213547] Toxicology. 1991 Feb;66(2):145-63 [2014516] Mol Pharmacol. 1991 Apr;39(4):495-501 [1850092] Environ Health Perspect. 1991 Feb;91:141-55 [2040244] Toxicol Lett. 1991 Jun;57(1):55-64 [1828636] Arch Toxicol. 1991;65(3):213-9 [1905127] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Dec;111(3):422-31 [1660630] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1992 Mar-Apr;14(2):131-41 [1593987] Neurotoxicology. 1992 Spring;13(1):27-35 [1508429] Arch Toxicol. 1992;66(4):250-9 [1514923] JAMA. 1992 Dec 9;268(22):3213-8 [1433761] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Nov;117(1):126-32 [1440607] Drug Chem Toxicol. 1993;16(2):135-63 [8486096] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. I. Summary. AN - 77399618; 7614935 AB - An international workshop reviewed 20 ongoing or recently completed studies of the effects of perinatal exposures to dioxins, dibenzofurans, and PCBs on the reproductive, endocrine, neurodevelopmental, and immune systems. Many of the observed effects are consistent with these compounds acting as "environmental hormones" or endocrine disrupters. This report summarizes the conclusions and future directions described at the workshop. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Lindström, G AU - Hooper, K AU - Petreas, M AU - Stephens, R AU - Gilman, A AD - Hazardous Materials Laboratory, Cal EPA, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 135 EP - 142 VL - 103 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Immune System -- drug effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77399618?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Workshop+on+perinatal+exposure+to+dioxin-like+compounds.+I.+Summary.&rft.au=Lindstr%C3%B6m%2C+G%3BHooper%2C+K%3BPetreas%2C+M%3BStephens%2C+R%3BGilman%2C+A&rft.aulast=Lindstr%C3%B6m&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Am J Public Health. 1986 Feb;76(2):172-7 [3080910] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Aug;127(2):258-67 [8048069] Am J Public Health. 1987 Oct;77(10):1294-7 [3115123] Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):334-6 [3133768] J Pediatr. 1988 Dec;113(6):991-5 [3142988] Mol Pharmacol. 1989 Jan;35(1):18-25 [2783621] Arch Toxicol. 1988;62(4):267-73 [3149182] J Pediatr. 1990 Jan;116(1):38-45 [2104928] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 Jul-Aug;12(4):319-26 [2118230] J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1990 Oct;255(1):128-32 [2213547] Toxicology. 1991 Feb;66(2):145-63 [2014516] J Pediatr. 1991 Jul;119(1 Pt 1):58-63 [1906100] Dev Pharmacol Ther. 1991;16(3):164-75 [1914790] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1992 Mar-Apr;14(2):131-41 [1593987] Arch Environ Health. 1992 May-Jun;47(3):185-95 [1596101] Neurotoxicology. 1992 Spring;13(1):27-35 [1508429] Arch Toxicol. 1992;66(4):250-9 [1514923] JAMA. 1992 Dec 9;268(22):3213-8 [1433761] Environ Health Perspect. 1992 Nov;98:125-32 [1336723] Toxicol Lett. 1993 Jun;68(3):311-23 [8516785] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 Jun 23;685:662-86 [8363273] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1993 Nov;21(4):433-41 [8253297] Ann Epidemiol. 1991 Aug;1(5):407-13 [1669521] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Feb;124(2):248-56 [8122270] Arch Toxicol Suppl. 1994;16:128-37 [8192574] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Aug;127(2):250-7 [8048068] J Pediatr. 1986 Aug;109(2):335-41 [3090217] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Safety/risk assessment of chemicals compared for different expert groups. AN - 77383110; 7605593 AB - Two sets of 65 risk/safety assessments are compared. These assessments, mostly for pesticide chemicals, were developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) at different times, often with different toxicity data, and with slightly different methods. Despite these differences, 38 sets of assessments give values that are within a 3-fold range of each other, 18 of these 38 are essentially identical (when rounded to one digit of precision), although not always for the same reasons. An additional 20 sets give values that lie within a 30-fold range; 6 sets lie within a 300-fold range; and the bromomethane ADI and RfD are 700-fold apart. In addition, on average the EPA values are lower than the WHO numbers. These comparisons are discussed in relationship to a developing world-wide consensus that the methods for evaluating the safety/risks from various chemicals should be more consistent and the resulting assessments should be more comparable. Moreover, we argue that an established assessment and associated information from one expert group should be routinely discussed in the ongoing evaluation of a chemical by another expert group. A procedure for effecting more consistency among such expert groups is proposed. JF - Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES AU - Dourson, M L AU - Lu, F C AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 1 EP - 13 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 0895-3988, 0895-3988 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - World Health Organization KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Environmental Health KW - Safety KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77383110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomedical+and+environmental+sciences+%3A+BES&rft.atitle=Safety%2Frisk+assessment+of+chemicals+compared+for+different+expert+groups.&rft.au=Dourson%2C+M+L%3BLu%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Dourson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomedical+and+environmental+sciences+%3A+BES&rft.issn=08953988&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-17 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of cultured ovarian fragments to assess toxicant alterations in steroidogenesis in the Sprague-Dawley rat. AN - 77357902; 7795323 AB - This study was conducted to determine the utility of using steroid production by cultured ovarian fragments to assess toxicant-induced alterations in ovarian steroidogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats. To this end, serum steroid concentration and steroid production (progesterone (P4), testosterone (T), estradiol (E2)) by cultured ovarian fragments is described during a normal 4-day estrous cycle. This culture system was then used to profile the effects of aminoglutethimide shown to have two sites of steroidogenic inhibition, side chain cleavage enzyme and aromatase. LH, FSH, P4, and E2 concentrations in serum during the 4-day estrous cycle confirmed that described in the literature for untreated rats. All of the steroids measured had peak production levels during proestrus. The patterns of P4 and E2 production by the ovaries in an unstimulated culture mimics that seen in serum. Stimulation with hCG (100 mIU/mL) after the initial 1 h culture tends to even out the production of P4, while T production rises faster and peaks earlier. The pattern and levels of estradiol production in hCG-stimulated cultures are very similar to those in the unstimulated culture, both in pattern and in production levels. When cultured ovarian fragments from proestrous rats were treated in vitro with aminoglutethimide (1 to 16 microM), the pattern of steroid production that characterized the inhibitory effects were similar to those reported in the literature using isolated cell culture procedures. This pattern showed a rapid decrease in E2 production (IC50 of 2.43 microM), a concurrent rise in T production, and a decrease in P4 production (IC50 of 15.5 microM). This culture system is an appropriate system to rapidly assess toxicant effects on ovarian steroidogenesis following in vivo or in vitro exposure. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Laskey, J W AU - Berman, E AU - Ferrell, J M AD - Development Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 131 EP - 141 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin KW - 0 KW - Gonadal Steroid Hormones KW - Aminoglutethimide KW - 0O54ZQ14I9 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone KW - 9002-68-0 KW - Aromatase KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone -- blood KW - Progesterone -- biosynthesis KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Culture Techniques KW - Estradiol -- blood KW - Aromatase -- metabolism KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin -- pharmacology KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Estradiol -- biosynthesis KW - Testosterone -- biosynthesis KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- blood KW - Proestrus KW - Progesterone -- blood KW - Female KW - Ovary -- metabolism KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Estrus -- metabolism KW - Gonadal Steroid Hormones -- biosynthesis KW - Gonadal Steroid Hormones -- blood KW - Aminoglutethimide -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77357902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=The+use+of+cultured+ovarian+fragments+to+assess+toxicant+alterations+in+steroidogenesis+in+the+Sprague-Dawley+rat.&rft.au=Laskey%2C+J+W%3BBerman%2C+E%3BFerrell%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Laskey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-03 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone toxicity in the rat. I. Effect of changes in ambient temperature on extrapulmonary physiological parameters. AN - 77317930; 7775305 AB - These studies examined the effects of exposure to near environmental levels of ozone (O3) on the unanesthetized unrestrained rat as well as the influence of changes in ambient temperature (Ta) on the observed responses. Male Fischer 344 rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that permitted continuous monitoring of electrocardiogram, heart rate, core body temperature (Tco), and activity. Telemetry animals (n = 4-5/group) were combined with nontelemetry animals to produce nine treatment groups (n = 44-50/group) composed of combinations of one of three O3 exposure regimens (0.0 ppm x 24 h/day, 0.5 ppm x 6 h/day, or 0.5 ppm x 23 h/day) paired with one of three Ta levels (10, 22, or 34 degrees C). The experimental protocol consisted of a Control Period (filtered air; 1 day), Treatment Period (O3; 5 days), and Recovery Period (filtered air; 7 days). At specific intervals during the experiment, subgroups (n = 6) of nontelemetry animals were randomly selected from each treatment group, anesthetized with urethan, and intubated, and their lungs were lavaged with warm saline. In general, results from the bronchoalveolar lavage procedure indicated that toxicity increased in magnitude and duration as the length of time of O3 exposure increased and the Ta decreased. Similarly, whereas minimal extrapulmonary effects were observed at an Ta of 34 degrees C, O3 exposures at Ta levels of 22 and 10 degrees C produced significant decreases in heart rate (160 and 210 beats/min, respectively), Tco (2.0 and 3.5 degrees C, respectively), and body weight (15 and 40 g, respectively). Decreases in these functional parameters reached their maxima over the first 2 exposure days and returned to control levels after the 3rd day of exposure. These data demonstrate the profound impact of Ta on Tco and other extrapulmonary parameters in the conscious unrestrained rat exposed to O3. Furthermore, these results suggest an integral role for both Tco and Ta in determination of the uptake of inhaled pollutants and modulation of the subsequent toxic effects and may have important implications with respect to the assessment of toxic risk. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Wiester, M J AU - Highfill, J W AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 1108 EP - 1120 VL - 78 IS - 3 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Male KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Temperature KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77317930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Ozone+toxicity+in+the+rat.+I.+Effect+of+changes+in+ambient+temperature+on+extrapulmonary+physiological+parameters.&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W+P%3BWiester%2C+M+J%3BHighfill%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-11 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis and characterization of adducts of alachlor and 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide with 2'-deoxyguanosine, thymidine, and their 3'-monophosphates. AN - 77298215; 7766803 AB - Adducts of the preemergence herbicide 2-chloro-N-(methoxymethyl)-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-acetamide (alachlor) and 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide (CDEPA) with 2'-deoxyguanosine, thymidine, 2'-deoxyguanosine 3'-monophosphate, and thymidine 3'-monophosphate have been synthesized and characterized. Under mildly basic conditions alachlor and CDEPA form N-1 adducts with 2'-deoxyguanosine and N-3 adducts with thymidine as a result of chlorine displacement. In addition, alachlor formed an N-7 adduct with 2'-deoxyguanosine, 7-[[(N-(methoxymethyl)-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)carbamoyl]methyl]guani ne. N-1 adducts of alachlor and CDEPA with 2'-deoxyguanosine 3'-monophosphate and N-3 adducts with thymidine 3'-monophosphate are also described. In addition to spectroscopic data, structural proof included the dephosphorylation of each nucleotide adduct to its corresponding nucleoside adduct by nuclease P1. Alachlor and alachlor adducts but not CDEPA and CDEPA adducts exhibited rotational isomerism as evidenced by proton and 13C NMR studies. These rotamers were attributed to hindered rotation about the shortened N-carbonyl bond. Computational methods employing molecular mechanics and quantum mechanics were used to characterize the structures and energies of these rotamers to account for the patterns of duplicate NMR resonances observed. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Nesnow, S AU - Agarwal, S C AU - Padgett, W T AU - Lambert, G R AU - Boone, P AU - Richard, A M AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch (MD-68), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 209 EP - 217 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Acetamides KW - 0 KW - Acetanilides KW - Phosphates KW - alachlor KW - 24S2S61PXL KW - 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide KW - 6967-29-9 KW - Deoxyguanosine KW - G9481N71RO KW - Thymidine KW - VC2W18DGKR KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Molecular KW - Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet KW - Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Acetanilides -- chemistry KW - Thymidine -- chemistry KW - Phosphates -- chemistry KW - Acetamides -- chemical synthesis KW - Acetamides -- chemistry KW - Deoxyguanosine -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77298215?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Synthesis+and+characterization+of+adducts+of+alachlor+and+2-chloro-N-%282%2C6-diethylphenyl%29acetamide+with+2%27-deoxyguanosine%2C+thymidine%2C+and+their+3%27-monophosphates.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BAgarwal%2C+S+C%3BPadgett%2C+W+T%3BLambert%2C+G+R%3BBoone%2C+P%3BRichard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative toxicity of Guthion and Guthion 2S to Xenopus laevis and Pseudacris regilla tadpoles. AN - 77274696; 7749270 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Griffis, W L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis Environmental Research Laboratory, Oregon 97333, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 382 EP - 388 VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Azinphosmethyl KW - 265842EWUV KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Xenopus laevis KW - Mortality KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Pest Control KW - Larva KW - Fresh Water KW - Anura KW - Species Specificity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Azinphosmethyl -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77274696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparative+toxicity+of+Guthion+and+Guthion+2S+to+Xenopus+laevis+and+Pseudacris+regilla+tadpoles.&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BGriffis%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-22 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) distribution and cytochrome P4501A induction in young adult and senescent male mice. AN - 77228953; 7725343 AB - While the developmental toxicology of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and its congeners has received considerable attention, the impact of advanced age on the biochemical effects and the pharmacokinetics of dioxins remains largely undetermined. In the present investigation, TCDD tissue distribution and cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) induction were characterized in male C57BL/6N mice aged 10 weeks and 28 months at 7 days after administration of single oral [3H]TCDD doses ranging from 0.015 to 15 microgram/kg body wt. Determinations of hepatic marker enzyme activities for CYP1A1 (ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation, EROD) and 1A2 (acetanilide-4-hydroxylation, ACOH) indicated that the dose response curves for EROD induction by TCDD were nearly identical for the 2 age groups, but the ACOH induction response was greater in old mice. After receiving the 15 micrograms/kg dose, an increase (approximately 35%) in relative liver weight was observed 7 days after dosing in the 10-week mice, but not in the aged mice, and the hepatic concentration of TCDD was approximately 25% greater in young than old mice. No age difference was found in hepatic nuclear concentrations of TCDD. A dose-dependent increase in liver:fat tissue concentration ratios was noted at both ages, and adipose tissue and blood concentrations of TCDD did not vary significantly with age. In old mice however, TCDD concentrations in skin, kidney and muscle were all approximately twice those of young mice at the 15 micrograms/kg dose. These results suggest that advanced age may have differential effects on Ah receptor-mediated enzyme induction, while increased TCDD concentrations in certain tissues may have toxicological implications for older animals. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Pegram, R A AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Moore, T C AU - Gao, P AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 119 EP - 126 VL - 76 IS - 2 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 KW - acetanilide hydroxylase KW - Index Medicus KW - Body Weight KW - Liver -- anatomy & histology KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Mice KW - Organ Size KW - Male KW - Aging -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacology KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Oxidoreductases -- biosynthesis KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77228953?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=2%2C3%2C7%2C8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+distribution+and+cytochrome+P4501A+induction+in+young+adult+and+senescent+male+mice.&rft.au=Pegram%2C+R+A%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BMoore%2C+T+C%3BGao%2C+P%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Pegram&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-22 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiation of 2,6-dinitrotoluene genotoxicity in Fischer 344 rats by pretreatment with coal tar creosote. AN - 77189696; 7897694 AB - Pretreatment of male Fischer 344 rats for 5 wk with coal tar creosote, a coal distillation product that is widely used as a wood preservative, potentiated the excretion of urinary mutagens in 2,6-dinitrotoluene (DNT) treated rats. Creosote increased the bioactivation of DNT to significantly greater levels of urinary genotoxic metabolites and/or formed DNA adducts in the liver. A significant increase in the excretion of mutagenic DNT metabolites was observed after the first week of creosote treatment, peaked at wk 3, and then decreased by 33% after 5 wk of treatment. Nevertheless, there was a significant increase (66%) in the formation of DNT-derived DNA adducts in the livers of rats treated with DNT plus creosote at wk 5. Increased cecal beta-glucuronidase activity and reduced small intestinal nitroreductase activity may play roles in the bioactivation of DNT. The excretion of mutagenic DNT metabolites supplies useful information about the bioactivation of DNT; it does not provide a useful index of DNT-derived hepatic DNA adduct formation. Such interactions could be important to predictive risk assessment because the overall cancer risk of such chemical mixtures may exceed the sum of the component risks. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Chadwick, R W AU - George, S E AU - Kohan, M J AU - Williams, R W AU - Allison, J C AU - Talley, D L AU - Hayes, Y O AU - Chang, J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 319 EP - 336 VL - 44 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - Coal Tar KW - 8007-45-2 KW - Creosote KW - 8021-39-4 KW - Nitroreductases KW - EC 1.7.- KW - Glucuronidase KW - EC 3.2.1.31 KW - 2,6-dinitrotoluene KW - GG7FAV92MK KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Cecum -- drug effects KW - Nitroreductases -- metabolism KW - Random Allocation KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Intestine, Large -- microbiology KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Cecum -- enzymology KW - Intestine, Small -- microbiology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Bacteria, Aerobic -- drug effects KW - Intestine, Small -- drug effects KW - Drug Synergism KW - Cecum -- microbiology KW - Male KW - DNA Adducts -- genetics KW - Intestine, Large -- drug effects KW - Mutation -- drug effects KW - Chromatography, Gas KW - Glucuronidase -- metabolism KW - Bacteria, Anaerobic -- drug effects KW - Coal Tar -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Intestine, Large -- enzymology KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Intestine, Small -- enzymology KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Intestines -- enzymology KW - Intestines -- drug effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Creosote -- toxicity KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- toxicity KW - Intestines -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77189696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Potentiation+of+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene+genotoxicity+in+Fischer+344+rats+by+pretreatment+with+coal+tar+creosote.&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+R+W%3BGeorge%2C+S+E%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BWilliams%2C+R+W%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BTalley%2C+D+L%3BHayes%2C+Y+O%3BChang%2C+J&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the up-and-down, conventional LD50, and fixed-dose acute toxicity procedures. AN - 77183208; 7896233 AB - The up-and-down procedure (UDP), fixed-dose procedure (FDP) and conventional LD50 tests were compared to determine their consistency in chemical hazard classification for acute oral toxicity according to the European Economic Community (EEC) system. There was consistent classification for 23 out of 25 cases between the UDP and the conventional LD50 results, in 16 out of 20 cases between the FDP and the conventional LD50, and in seven out of 10 cases between the UDP and the FDP. The UDP needed only between six and 10 animals of one sex (fewer than either the LD50 or the FDP). Available literature indicates that the sexes are usually similar in their acute toxicity responses and that of females are often more sensitive than males when acute toxicity differences do exist, thus obviating the need for both sexes to be tested in most cases. Unlike the FDP, the UDP also estimates an LD50, thus providing data directly applicable to all current hazard classification systems based on acute oral toxicity. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Lipnick, R L AU - Cotruvo, J A AU - Hill, R N AU - Bruce, R D AU - Stitzel, K A AU - Walker, A P AU - Chu, I AU - Goddard, M AU - Segal, L AU - Springer, J A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 223 EP - 231 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - European Union KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Safety Management KW - Male KW - Female KW - Proportional Hazards Models KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77183208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+up-and-down%2C+conventional+LD50%2C+and+fixed-dose+acute+toxicity+procedures.&rft.au=Lipnick%2C+R+L%3BCotruvo%2C+J+A%3BHill%2C+R+N%3BBruce%2C+R+D%3BStitzel%2C+K+A%3BWalker%2C+A+P%3BChu%2C+I%3BGoddard%2C+M%3BSegal%2C+L%3BSpringer%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Lipnick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GeneTox manager for bacterial mutagenicity assays: a personal computer and minicomputer system. AN - 77174133; 7885397 AB - GeneTox Manager (GTM) is a data capture, data management, and statistical analysis program used for microbial mutagenicity data. Its main purpose is to provide a homogeneous environment for the collection, organization, and analysis of data generated in the laboratory while also supporting a quality assurance program. The complete system consists of both a personal computer (PC) system and a minicomputer (VAX) system. The joint PC/VAX version of the system is designed to function with both the PC and VAX FOCUS databases so that the VAX can be used for long-term storage, archiving of files, and the analysis of large groups of data. Because of the highly specialized use and nature of the PC/VAX version, this discussion is focused upon the PC stand-alone version. The user-friendly system uses a structured menu system, screen entry helps, and other help screens. GTM provides tabular and graphical summaries of the data and performs specialized statistical analyses. This public domain software was written primarily using Clipper. The manuals and programs are now available through the government's National Technical Information Service. JF - Mutation research AU - Claxton, L D AU - Creason, J AU - Nader, J A AU - Poteat, W AU - Orr, J D AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 87 EP - 94 VL - 342 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Minicomputers KW - Microcomputers KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Software KW - Information Systems KW - Mutagenicity Tests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77174133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=GeneTox+manager+for+bacterial+mutagenicity+assays%3A+a+personal+computer+and+minicomputer+system.&rft.au=Claxton%2C+L+D%3BCreason%2C+J%3BNader%2C+J+A%3BPoteat%2C+W%3BOrr%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Claxton&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=342&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-11 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asthma, inhaled oxidants, and dietary antioxidants. AN - 77165381; 7879729 AB - The possible influence of dietary antioxidants, especially vitamin C, on the increasing prevalence of asthma is explored. Vitamin C intake in the general population appears to correlate with asthma, suggesting that a diet low in vitamin C is a risk factor for asthma. Epidemiological studies show associations among oxidant exposure, respiratory infections, and asthma in children of smokers. Symptoms of ongoing asthma in adults appear to be increased by exposure to environmental oxidants and decreased by vitamin C supplementation. There is evidence that oxidants produced endogenously by overactive inflammatory cells contribute to ongoing asthma. Vitamin C is the major antioxidant substance present in the airway surface liquid of the lung, where it could be important in protecting against both endogenous and exogenous oxidants. Nitrogen oxides are exemplary of oxidants that could arise from both endogenous and environmental sources, which are protected against by vitamin C, and that may be important in causation and propagation of asthma. JF - The American journal of clinical nutrition AU - Hatch, G E AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 625S EP - 630S VL - 61 IS - 3 Suppl SN - 0002-9165, 0002-9165 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Antioxidants KW - Nitrogen Oxides KW - Vitamin E KW - 1406-18-4 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Nutritional Requirements KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Nitrogen Oxides -- adverse effects KW - Vitamin E -- administration & dosage KW - Prevalence KW - Asthma -- epidemiology KW - Asthma -- etiology KW - Ascorbic Acid Deficiency -- complications KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Antioxidants -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77165381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+American+journal+of+clinical+nutrition&rft.atitle=Asthma%2C+inhaled+oxidants%2C+and+dietary+antioxidants.&rft.au=Hatch%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Hatch&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=3+Suppl&rft.spage=625S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+American+journal+of+clinical+nutrition&rft.issn=00029165&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-31 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure to TCDD during development permanently alters reproductive function in male Long Evans rats and hamsters: reduced ejaculated and epididymal sperm numbers and sex accessory gland weights in offspring with normal androgenic status. AN - 77160570; 7878665 AB - Prenatal administration of relatively low doses of TCDD alters reproductive development and fertility of the progeny. Fertility was reduced in the progeny of Wistar rats exposed to 0.5 micrograms TCDD/kg/day from Gestational Day (GD) 6 to GD 15. In a three-generation reproduction study, TCDD reduced fertility of Sprague-Dawley rats in the F1 and F2 but not the F0 (no developmental exposure) generation at 0.01 microgram/kg/day in the diet. Furthermore, administration of TCDD on GD 15 (at 0.064 to 1 microgram/kg) both demasculinized and feminized morphology and behavior of Holtzman male rat offspring. Our objectives were to expand the observations of Mably et al. (1992, Toxicol, Appl. Pharmacol. 114, 97-107, 108-117, 118-126) on the effects of gestational administration of a single dose of TCDD to another strain of rat and another species, the hamster. In the first study, Long Evans (LE) hooded rats were dosed by gavage with 1 microgram TCDD/kg on GD 8 (during the period of major organogenesis) or GD 15 (the gestational day used by Mably et al.). In the second study, pregnant Syrian hamsters, a species relatively insensitive to the lethal effects of TCDD, were dosed on GD 11, equivalent to GD 15 in the rat, with TCDD at 2 micrograms/kg. When LE rats were dosed on GD 15, or when hamsters were dosed on GD 11, puberty (preputial separation) was delayed by about 3 days, ejaculated sperm counts were reduced by at least 58%, and epididymal sperm storage was reduced by 38%. Testicular sperm production was less affected. The sex accessory glands were also reduced in size in LE rat offspring treated on GD 15 despite the fact that serum testosterone (T), T production by the testis in vitro, and androgen receptor (AR) levels were not reduced. Some reproductive measures, such as anogenital distance and male sex behavior, were altered by TCDD treatment in rat but not hamster offspring. Since T and AR levels appeared normal in the sex accessory glands and the epididymis following perinatal TCDD exposure, the alterations in these tissues are not likely to have resulted from an alteration of the androgenic status of the male offspring. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gray, L E AU - Kelce, W R AU - Monosson, E AU - Ostby, J S AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Developmental Reproductive Biology Section, DTD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 108 EP - 118 VL - 131 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Androgens KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Receptors, Androgen KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Testis -- metabolism KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- pharmacology KW - Prostate -- metabolism KW - Pregnancy KW - Sexual Maturation -- drug effects KW - Sexual Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Seminal Vesicles -- metabolism KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Mesocricetus KW - Testosterone -- biosynthesis KW - Seminal Vesicles -- ultrastructure KW - Prostate -- ultrastructure KW - Female KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Fertility -- drug effects KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Ejaculation -- drug effects KW - Sperm Count -- drug effects KW - Genitalia, Male -- anatomy & histology KW - Genitalia, Male -- drug effects KW - Epididymis -- physiology KW - Androgens -- physiology KW - Receptors, Androgen -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Epididymis -- drug effects KW - Genitalia, Male -- growth & development KW - Receptors, Androgen -- physiology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77160570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+TCDD+during+development+permanently+alters+reproductive+function+in+male+Long+Evans+rats+and+hamsters%3A+reduced+ejaculated+and+epididymal+sperm+numbers+and+sex+accessory+gland+weights+in+offspring+with+normal+androgenic+status.&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BMonosson%2C+E%3BOstby%2C+J+S%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity and mutation spectra of 2-acetylaminofluorene at frameshift and base-substitution alleles in four DNA repair backgrounds of Salmonella. AN - 77155346; 7870101 AB - We used colony probe hybridization procedures to determine the mutations in approximately 600 revertants of the -1 frameshift allele hisD3052 and approximately 200 revertants of the base-substitution allele hisG46 of Salmonella typhimurium induced by 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) in the presence of Aroclor-induced rat liver S9. 2-AAF was primarily a frameshift mutagen, exhibiting 5 times more frameshift than base-substitution activity. The only frameshift mutation 2-AAF induced at the hisD3052 allele was a hotspot (-2) deletion within the sequence CGCGCGCG. The addition of the pKM101 plasmid had a small effect on the mutagenic potency of 2-AAF at this allele in a uvr+ background and no effect on the mutation spectra in either a uvr+ or uvr- background. The small amount of base-substitution activity exhibited by 2-AAF at the hisG46 allele required the presence of both the pKM101 plasmid and the uvrB mutation. The base substitutions were G.C-->T.A transversions (86%) and G.C-->A.T transitions (14%), and 85% of the substitutions were at the second position of the CCC target of the hisG46 allele; the remainder were at the first position. We propose that the hotspot frameshift may be initiated by N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene adducts located at the C(8) position of any of the guanines except the first one in the CGCGCGCG hotspot sequence. The mutation might then result from correct incorporation of cytosine opposite the adducted guanine, followed by a 2-base slippage according to our recently proposed correct-incorporation/slippage model. The hotspot mutation may also result from a 2-AAF-induced B- to Z-DNA transition at the repeating GpC site as well as by the action of enzymes involved in DNA metabolism, such as DNA resolvases or topoisomerases, on DNA structures that have been distorted by 2-AAF adducts. The small amount of 2-AAF-induced base-substitution activity may be due to mispairing of adenine opposite the minor aminofluorene adduct at the C(8) position of guanine. JF - Mutation research AU - Shelton, M L AU - DeMarini, D M AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 75 EP - 86 VL - 327 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - hisD3052 KW - hisG46 KW - Aroclors KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - C8-(N2-aminofluorenyl)deoxyguanosine-3',5'-diphosphate KW - 130281-89-9 KW - Guanosine Diphosphate KW - 146-91-8 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 2-Acetylaminofluorene KW - 9M98QLJ2DL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Guanosine Diphosphate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Guanosine Diphosphate -- analysis KW - Nucleic Acid Hybridization KW - DNA, Bacterial -- drug effects KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Alleles KW - Aroclors -- pharmacology KW - Base Sequence KW - Models, Genetic KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Microsomes, Liver -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Frameshift Mutation KW - DNA Repair -- genetics KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Mutagenesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77155346?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+and+mutation+spectra+of+2-acetylaminofluorene+at+frameshift+and+base-substitution+alleles+in+four+DNA+repair+backgrounds+of+Salmonella.&rft.au=Shelton%2C+M+L%3BDeMarini%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Shelton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=327&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-30 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - hisD3052; hisG46 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectra in Salmonella of sunlight, white fluorescent light, and light from tanning salon beds: induction of tandem mutations and role of DNA repair. AN - 77154986; 7870082 AB - We evaluated the mutagenicity of sunlight (SUN), uncovered coolwhite fluorescent light (FLR), and light from a tanning salon bed (TAN) at the base-substitution allele hisG46 of Salmonella in four DNA repair backgrounds (wild type, uvrB, pKM101, and uvrB + pKM101). Approximately 80% of the radiation emitted by TAN was within the ultraviolet (UV) range, whereas only approximately 10% of the SUN and approximately 1% of the FLR radiation was UV. TAN emitted similar amounts of UVA and UVB, whereas SUN emitted 50-60x and FLR emitted 5-10x more UVA relative to UVB. Based on total dose (UV + visible), the mutagenic potency ranking was TAN > FLR > SUN. Using colony probe hybridization and PCR/DNA sequence analysis, approximately 3000 revertants were analyzed to determine the mutational specificity of the three light sources. The mutation spectra and those induced by 254-nm UV had common features. The uvrB mutation enhanced the mutagenicity of the environmental UV sources more (20-216x) than did the pKM101 plasmid (approximately 20x) relative to wild type DNA repair. All light sources induced equal proportions of transitions and transversions in excision repair-proficient strains, but they induced more transitions relative to transversions in uvrB-containing strains. The majority of the mutations were G.C-->A.T transitions that were induced equally frequently at the first or second position of the CCC codon of the hisG46 allele in all strains except TA1535 (uvrB), where SUN and FLR induced transitions preferentially at the first position, and TAN induced them preferentially at the second position. Identified or presumptive multiple mutations, which constituted the only mutational class enhanced by all three light sources in the presence of uvrB and pKM101 either alone or together, accounted for 3-5% of the induced mutations in the plasmid-containing strains, and their increases (38-82-fold) in TA100 (uvrB, pKM101) were the highest of any mutational class. Of the TAN-induced multiple mutations, 83% (19/23) were CC-->TT tandem transitions. These results show that exposures to the nonsolar environmental UV sources FLR and TAN produce mutations similar to those produced by SUN, a known carcinogen. JF - Mutation research AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Shelton, M L AU - Stankowski, L F AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 131 EP - 149 VL - 327 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - hisG46 KW - uvrB KW - Bacterial Proteins KW - 0 KW - Codon KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - Escherichia coli Proteins KW - Pyrimidine Dimers KW - UvrB protein, E coli KW - DNA Helicases KW - EC 3.6.4.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Base Sequence KW - Bacterial Proteins -- genetics KW - Alleles KW - DNA Damage KW - Genes, Bacterial -- radiation effects KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Genes, Suppressor -- radiation effects KW - Bacterial Proteins -- physiology KW - Ultraviolet Rays KW - Fluorescence KW - DNA Repair KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Sunlight KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- radiation effects KW - DNA, Bacterial -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77154986?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectra+in+Salmonella+of+sunlight%2C+white+fluorescent+light%2C+and+light+from+tanning+salon+beds%3A+induction+of+tandem+mutations+and+role+of+DNA+repair.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BStankowski%2C+L+F&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=327&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-30 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Gene symbol - hisG46; uvrB N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adenomas induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in strain A/J mouse lung correlate with time-integrated DNA adduct levels. AN - 77148275; 7866986 AB - The induction of DNA adducts and adenomas in the lungs of strain A/J mice has been investigated following the single i.p. administration of each of the following polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH): pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, 5-methylchrysene, and cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene. DNA adducts were measured by 32P-postlabeling at times between 1 and 21 days following injection, while adenomas were counted at 240 days after treatment. Pyrene did not induce either DNA adducts or lung adenomas at any of the doses examined. Each of the remaining PAH induced both adenomas and DNA adducts in a dose-dependent manner, with dibenz[a,h]anthracene > 5-methylchrysene > cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene > benzo[a]pyrene > benzo[b]fluoranthene. DNA adducts reached maximal levels between 3 and 9 days after injection, followed by a gradual decrease. The time-integrated DNA adduct level (TIDAL) was calculated by numerically integrating the areas under the adduct persistence curves extrapolated to 240 days for each PAH at each dose level. This value represents the effective total molecular dose of PAH that was delivered to the lung DNA over the entire course of tumorigenesis. A strong correlation of lung adenoma induction with the TIDAL values was observed for each PAH. The slopes of the tumors versus TIDAL value relationships were essentially identical for 5-methylchrysene, cyclopenta[cd]pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[b]fluoranthene. The slope of this relationship for dibenz[a,h]anthracene was markedly greater. The essentially identical induction of adenomas as a function of TIDAL values for these PAH suggests that the formation and persistence of DNA adducts determines their carcinogenic potency. JF - Cancer research AU - Ross, J A AU - Nelson, G B AU - Wilson, K H AU - Rabinowitz, J R AU - Galati, A AU - Stoner, G D AU - Nesnow, S AU - Mass, M J AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1995/03/01/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Mar 01 SP - 1039 EP - 1044 VL - 55 IS - 5 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Caprylates KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Triglycerides KW - tricaprylin KW - 538-23-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Mice, Inbred A KW - Animals KW - Triglycerides -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Caprylates -- pharmacology KW - DNA Adducts -- biosynthesis KW - Adenoma -- metabolism KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Lung Neoplasms -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77148275?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Adenomas+induced+by+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+strain+A%2FJ+mouse+lung+correlate+with+time-integrated+DNA+adduct+levels.&rft.au=Ross%2C+J+A%3BNelson%2C+G+B%3BWilson%2C+K+H%3BRabinowitz%2C+J+R%3BGalati%2C+A%3BStoner%2C+G+D%3BNesnow%2C+S%3BMass%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1039&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-30 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of ground-water sensitivity and vulnerability; Goshen County, Wyoming AN - 50949393; 1996-049120 JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Wireman, Mike AU - Frederick, Kevin AU - Hamerlink, Jeff AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 106 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 4 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - soils KW - bedrock KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - textures KW - Goshen County Wyoming KW - water management KW - pollution KW - surficial geology KW - mathematical models KW - mapping KW - ground water KW - Wyoming KW - saturated zone KW - geographic information systems KW - transport KW - thickness KW - information systems KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - DRASTIC KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50949393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+ground-water+sensitivity+and+vulnerability%3B+Goshen+County%2C+Wyoming&rft.au=Wireman%2C+Mike%3BFrederick%2C+Kevin%3BHamerlink%2C+Jeff%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wireman&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1995 annual convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; bedrock; DRASTIC; geographic information systems; Goshen County Wyoming; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; information systems; mapping; mathematical models; pollution; saturated zone; soils; surficial geology; textures; thickness; transport; United States; water management; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Land treatment and the toxicity response of soil contaminated with wood preserving waste AN - 1722154818; 2015-097249 AB - Soils contaminated with wood preserving wastes, including pentachlo-rophenol (PCP) and creosote, are treated at field-scale in an engineered prepared-bed system consisting of two one-acre land treatment units (LTUs). The concentration of selected indicator compounds of treatment performance included PCP, pyrene, and total carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (TCPAHs) was monitored in the soil by taking both composited soil samples at multiple points in time, and discrete soil samples at two points in time. The mean concentration of the indicator compounds and the 95-percent confidence interval (CI) of the composite and discrete samples agreed relatively well, and first-order degradation rate kinetics satisfactorily represented the mean chemical concentration loss of indicator compounds in the LTU. Toxicity of the soil, as measured by Microtox (super TM) assay of the soil extracts, indicated that toxicity reduction corresponded with indicator compound disappearance. No toxicity effects were observed with time in treated layers of soil (lifts) buried beneath highly contaminated lifts of newly applied soil. This indicated that vertical migration of soluble contaminants from such lifts had little effect on the microbial activity in the underlying treated soil. Abstract Copyright (1995), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Huling, Scott G AU - Pope, Daniel F AU - Matthews, John E AU - Sims, Judith L AU - Sims, Ronald C AU - Sorensen, Darwin L Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 41 EP - 55 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - creosote KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - pentachlorophenol KW - chlorophenols KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - carcinogens KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - decontamination KW - soil pollution KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722154818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Land+treatment+and+the+toxicity+response+of+soil+contaminated+with+wood+preserving+waste&rft.au=Huling%2C+Scott+G%3BPope%2C+Daniel+F%3BMatthews%2C+John+E%3BSims%2C+Judith+L%3BSims%2C+Ronald+C%3BSorensen%2C+Darwin+L&rft.aulast=Huling&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440050207 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogens; chemical waste; chlorophenols; creosote; decontamination; degradation; experimental studies; kinetics; organic compounds; pentachlorophenol; pollution; remediation; soil pollution; soil treatment; soils; toxic materials; toxicity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440050207 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does the autecology of the mangrove rivulus fish (Rivulus marmoratus) reflect a paradigm for mangrove ecosystem sensitivity? AN - 16884903; 3793404 AB - The killifish Rivulus marmoratus, mangrove rivulus, represents the one of the two potentially truly "mangrove dependent" fish species in western Atlantic mangrove ecosystems. The distribution of this species closely parallels the range of red mangroves. These plants and fish exhibit parallel ecological and physiological tolerances to the wide ranges of tropical temperatures and salinities, as well as substrate and hydrological conditions of mangrove habitats. The mangrove rivulus, R. marmoratus, is, as well, the only truly marine representative of a speciose genus of otherwise freshwater fish species. Many of the biological specializations of this species characterize the specific challenges to survival in mangrove forest conditions. As recent studies report, this fish species, once considered "rare," has been shown to be very abundant in specific substrate microhabitats of the mangal. Among the unique specializations of this fish are amphibious emersion from water, survival in moist detrital substrate during periods of low water or drought, and reproduction through internal self-fertilization producing homozygous clones. The autecology of this species provides fascinating insights and generates a wealth of questions regarding evolution of specific adaptations for distribution, dispersal, colonization, population genetics and the interrelationships between adaptation and specialization. The Indian River Lagoon (IRL) represents both the site of rediscovery of the fish as well as the northern frontier of the species distribution range, habitat, and ecosystem. This suggests close interrelationships and parallels in the parameters to which the species has adapted, perhaps representing a commonage, of ecological association. These aspects are discussed with respect to details and insight needed to develop strategies for the management of unique communities and ecosystems, especially along their natural distributional borders. The topic raises such questions as: Are some "exotic species" actually examples of newly arrived colonizers, representing dynamic biotic responses to climate change and/or anthropogenic habitat modification? JF - Bulletin of Marine Science AU - Davis, W P AU - Taylor, D S AU - Turner, B J AD - Environ. Res. Lab. (EPA), Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 208 EP - 214 VL - 57 IS - 1 SN - 0007-4977, 0007-4977 KW - marine fish KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Indian River Lagoon KW - Marine KW - USA, Florida KW - mangrove swamps KW - aquatic plants KW - autecology KW - Rivulus marmoratus KW - ecological distribution KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16884903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=Does+the+autecology+of+the+mangrove+rivulus+fish+%28Rivulus+marmoratus%29+reflect+a+paradigm+for+mangrove+ecosystem+sensitivity%3F&rft.au=Davis%2C+W+P%3BTaylor%2C+D+S%3BTurner%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Marine+Science&rft.issn=00074977&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mangrove swamps; ecological distribution; aquatic plants; autecology; marine fish; Rivulus marmoratus; ASW, USA, Florida, Indian River Lagoon; USA, Florida; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity characterization of an industrial and a municipal effluent discharging to the marine environment AN - 16878920; 3800317 AB - Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) methods have proven very useful in characterizing, identifying and confirming toxicants in environmental samples. This report describes the characterization of toxicants present in two effluents, industrial and municipal, discharged into the marine environment. A toxicity characterization consists of dividing an effluent sample into several relatively unique chemical fractions. Manipulations used to generate these fractions include aeration, filtration, chelation, oxidant reduction, reverse phase chromatography, and graduated pH adjustments. Marine toxicity tests used include mysids (Mysidopsis bahia), fish (Menidia beryllina and Cyprinodon variegatus), macroalga (Champia parvula) and sea urchins (Arbacia punctulata). Results of this TIE demonstrated that both effluents contained toxicity predominantly due to metals and organic contaminants. Ammonia toxicity in the municipal effluent was sample dependent. This study illustrates that the use of marine toxicity tests, TIE procedures and historical data can be combined to better understand the nature of toxicity discharged to the marine environment. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Burgess, R M AU - Ho, K T AU - Tagliabue, MD AU - Kuhn, A AU - Comeleo, R AU - Comeleo, P AU - Modica, G AU - Morrison, GE AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 524 EP - 535 VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - municipal wastes KW - pollution detection KW - pollution effects KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - industrial wastes KW - toxicity KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - effluents KW - marine environment KW - pollutant identification KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16878920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Toxicity+characterization+of+an+industrial+and+a+municipal+effluent+discharging+to+the+marine+environment&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BHo%2C+K+T%3BTagliabue%2C+MD%3BKuhn%2C+A%3BComeleo%2C+R%3BComeleo%2C+P%3BModica%2C+G%3BMorrison%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=524&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; toxicity; marine environment; effluents; pollutant identification; toxicity tests; pollution detection; pollution effects; water pollution; toxicity testing; municipal wastes; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the nephrotoxicity of complex mixtures containing organics and metals: advantages and disadvantages of the use of real-world complex mixtures. AN - 77415448; 7621803 AB - As part of a multidisciplinary health effects study, the nephrotoxicity of complex industrial waste mixtures was assessed. Adult, male Fischer 344 rats were gavaged with samples of complex industrial waste and nephrotoxicity evaluated 24 hr later. Of the 10 tested samples, 4 produced increased absolute or relative kidney weight, or both, coupled with a statistically significant alteration in at least one of the measured serum parameters (urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREAT), and BUN/CREAT ratio). Although the waste samples had been analyzed for a number of organic chemicals and 7 of the 10 samples were analyzed also for 12 elemental metals and metalloids, their nephrotoxicity was not readily predicted from the partial chemical characterization data. Because the chemical form or speciation of the metals was unknown, it was not possible to estimate their contribution to the observed biological response. Various experimental approaches, including use of real-world complex mixtures, chemically defined synthetic mixtures, and simple mixtures, will be necessary to adequately determine the potential human health risk from exposure to complex chemical mixtures. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Simmons, J E AU - Yang, R S AU - Berman, E AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 67 EP - 71 VL - 103 Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Creatinine KW - AYI8EX34EU KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Blood Urea Nitrogen KW - Creatinine -- blood KW - Male KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Metals -- toxicity KW - Kidney Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77415448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+nephrotoxicity+of+complex+mixtures+containing+organics+and+metals%3A+advantages+and+disadvantages+of+the+use+of+real-world+complex+mixtures.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E%3BYang%2C+R+S%3BBerman%2C+E&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-31 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Mol Mutagen. 1988;11(1):13-29 [2962869] Environ Res. 1988 Jun;46(1):74-85 [3371293] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1989;27(3):275-86 [2754754] Toxicol Lett. 1989 Dec;49(2-3):199-214 [2690404] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1992 Sep;37(1):139-48 [1522607] Mutat Res. 1987 Nov;189(3):205-16 [3313035] Environ Health Perspect. 1983 Feb;48:1-2 [6825623] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1983 Jan;67(1):122-31 [6845353] Life Sci. 1983 Aug 8;33(6):517-23 [6888181] Prog Clin Biol Res. 1984;150:309-22 [6431435] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1981 Mar 15;57(3):414-24 [7222048] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative aspects of drug and toxicant-induced astrogliosis. AN - 77369080; 7599532 AB - A universal cellular reaction to damage of the CNS is hypertrophy of astrocytes. The hallmark of this response, often termed 'reactive gliosis', is the enhanced expression of the major intermediate filament protein of astrocytes, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). This latter observation suggests that increased synthesis of GFAP would occur in response to diverse neurotoxic insults. To investigate this possibility, prototype neurotoxicants were administered to experimental animals and the effects of these agents on the tissue content of GFAP was determined by immunoassay. Assays of GFAP were found to reveal dose-, time- and region-dependent patterns of neurotoxicity at toxicant dosages below those that cause light microscopic evidence of cell loss or damage. Moreover, the temporal and regional increments in GFAP correspond to the temporal and regional patterns of argyrophilia, as revealed by the cupric silver degeneration stain of de Olmos. Our findings indicate that assays of GFAP represent a sensitive, simple and quantitative approach for evaluation of nervous system damage. Combining this indirect yet quantitative indicator of neurotoxicity with more traditional neuroanatomical endpoints, should augment the armamentarium of techniques useful for detection and characterization of neurotoxicity. JF - Neurochemistry international AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Jensen, K F AU - Miller, D B AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 115 EP - 124 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0197-0186, 0197-0186 KW - Central Nervous System Agents KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Reference Standards KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Immunoassay KW - Central Nervous System Agents -- toxicity KW - Gliosis -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77369080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurochemistry+international&rft.atitle=Quantitative+aspects+of+drug+and+toxicant-induced+astrogliosis.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J+P%3BJensen%2C+K+F%3BMiller%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurochemistry+international&rft.issn=01970186&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host resistance to Trichinella spiralis infection in rats exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). AN - 77250427; 7737439 AB - We have previously shown decreased resistance to Trichinella spiralis (Ts) infection and reduced parasite antigen-specific responses in B6C3F1 mice exposed to TCDD before infection. The current study was done to characterize the effects of preinfection administration of 1, 10, or 30 micrograms TCDD/kg on host resistance of female F344 rats to Ts infection and to examine parasite antigen-specific responses in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of infected animals. TCDD exposure did not affect adult parasite elimination from the small intestine or the numbers of encysted larvae in the muscle, although host control of newborn larvae production in female parasites isolated from the highest dose group was compromised. Proliferative responses of lymphocytes cultured with parasite antigen were enhanced in groups of rats exposed to 30 micrograms TCDD/kg. These results, which are in marked contrast to the effects obtained in B6C3F1 mice, demonstrate a clear species difference in the effects of TCDD on immune function in rodents and underscore the need to determine which species more closely reflects the potential outcome of human exposure to TCDD. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Luebke, R W AU - Copeland, C B AU - Andrews, D L AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 285 EP - 289 VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Lymph Nodes -- parasitology KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Spleen -- parasitology KW - Female KW - Trichinella spiralis KW - Trichinellosis -- parasitology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Trichinellosis -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77250427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Host+resistance+to+Trichinella+spiralis+infection+in+rats+exposed+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29.&rft.au=Luebke%2C+R+W%3BCopeland%2C+C+B%3BAndrews%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Luebke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-08 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statistical response models for ozone exposure: their generality when applied to human spirometric and animal permeability functions of the lung. AN - 77208396; 7704687 AB - Exposure of humans or animals to ozone (O3) alters spirometric and permeability functions of the lung. While these responses show clear concentration (C) dependency, the interactive role of exposure duration (T) has not been well defined. Ozone-induced alterations in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) obtained from human studies and in levels of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein (BALP) obtained from studies of rats and guinea pigs were used to compare the utility of several proposed response models as functions of C and T. A large human-study database compiled for T = 2 h and a wide-ranging C and T study on animals were used to contrast each model. The models examined included the quadratic, logistic, log regression, and exponential models. This work suggests that models used for risk assessment should incorporate both T and C. Our results suggest that modified forms of many of these models perform well with both human and animal responses and can be additionally modified to include ventilation rate. As a simple biological model, the exponential model showed advantages. The absolute concentration rates-of-change in the exponential function of integrated physiological changes like BALP and FEV1 were equal for low O3 exposure. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Highfill, J W AU - Costa, D L AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 95 EP - 102 VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Permeability KW - Animals KW - Spirometry KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Humans KW - Models, Statistical KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Ozone -- metabolism KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Lung Diseases -- metabolism KW - Lung Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77208396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Statistical+response+models+for+ozone+exposure%3A+their+generality+when+applied+to+human+spirometric+and+animal+permeability+functions+of+the+lung.&rft.au=Highfill%2C+J+W%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Highfill&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-10 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hamster Leydig cells are less sensitive to ethane dimethanesulfonate when compared to rat Leydig cells both in vivo and in vitro. AN - 77156609; 7871538 AB - It has been reported that ethane dimethanesulfonate (EDS) is a Leydig cell toxicant that affects rats and hamsters (Kerr et al., 1987), while, in contrast, the Leydig cells of mice are relatively insensitive to the toxicant. In the rat, there is a rapid decline in levels of testosterone (T) within hours after EDS administration. However, T production, spermiogenesis, and fertility are restored within a few weeks as new Leydig cells are formed from undifferentiated cells in the interstitium of the testis. In an earlier study, we found, as expected, that ejaculated sperm counts (ESCs) reached a nadir 10 days after adult rats were dosed with EDS at 65 mg/kg ip along with serum and testicular T, testis and seminal vesicle weights, and in vitro T production, while, in contrast, EDS at 65 mg/kg had no effect on these endpoints in the Syrian hamster (Gray et al., 1992). In the current study, when EDS was administered to 6, 12, and 18 month old hamsters at 100 mg/kg, it produced subtle effects on serum T and sex accessory gland weights, while dramatic effects were seen in similarly exposed rats. In addition, when testes were examined by light microscopy all treated rats displayed severely reduced Leydig cell numbers, while, in contrast, only one-third of the EDS-treated hamsters were affected, having moderately reduced Leydig cell numbers. In support of the histological data, 3 beta-HSD enzyme activity was reduced by 99% of control in EDS-treated rats, but it was reduced by only 35% of control in EDS-treated hamsters. An in vitro analysis of the effects of EDS on LH-stimulated T production by quartered testes demonstrated that the hamster testis was less sensitive to the direct effects of EDS than the rat testis. The IC50 after 3 hr in culture was greater than 1800 micrograms EDS/ml for the hamster quarter testes, while the IC50 for the rat quarter testes was 320 micrograms EDS/ml. In summary, these results demonstrate in vivo and in vitro that Leydig cells of hamsters are less sensitive to EDS than those of the adult rat. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gray, L E AU - Klinefelter, G AU - Kelce, W AU - Laskey, J AU - Ostby, J AU - Ewing, L AD - Developmental Reproductive Biology Section, DTD, HERL, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 248 EP - 256 VL - 130 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Mesylates KW - 0 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - ethylene dimethanesulfonate KW - EW8V7BJ66Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Aging -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Rats KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Mesocricetus KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Mesylates -- toxicity KW - Leydig Cells -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77156609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Hamster+Leydig+cells+are+less+sensitive+to+ethane+dimethanesulfonate+when+compared+to+rat+Leydig+cells+both+in+vivo+and+in+vitro.&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E%3BKlinefelter%2C+G%3BKelce%2C+W%3BLaskey%2C+J%3BOstby%2C+J%3BEwing%2C+L&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-29 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorpyrifos: hazard assessment based on a review of the effects of short-term and long-term exposure in animals and humans. AN - 77152082; 7532610 AB - Analyses of potential dietary exposure to chlorpyrifos residues were conducted by the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR). Potential acute dietary ingestion of chlorpyrifos for all labelled uses was based on the 95th percentile of user-day exposures. Margins of safety (MOSs) for potential acute dietary exposure to chlorpyrifos residues were based on a no-observed-effect level (NOEL) for cholinergic signs in a human study, and ranged from 52 to 205 for all population subgroups. MOSs for potential chronic dietary exposure to chlorpyrifos residues were based on a NOEL for inhibition of brain cholinesterase activity in rats and dogs, and ranged from 2198 to 8065 for all population subgroups. The limitations on toxicity, consumption and residue data are discussed, with the assumptions necessitated by those limitations. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Cochran, R C AU - Kishiyama, J AU - Aldous, C AU - Carr, W C AU - Pfeifer, K F AD - Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR), California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 95814-5604. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 165 EP - 172 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - 0 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutation -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - CHO Cells -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Risk Factors KW - Dogs KW - Food Contamination KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Cricetinae KW - Chlorpyrifos -- administration & dosage KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Pesticide Residues -- pharmacokinetics KW - Pesticide Residues -- toxicity KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77152082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Chlorpyrifos%3A+hazard+assessment+based+on+a+review+of+the+effects+of+short-term+and+long-term+exposure+in+animals+and+humans.&rft.au=Cochran%2C+R+C%3BKishiyama%2C+J%3BAldous%2C+C%3BCarr%2C+W+C%3BPfeifer%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Cochran&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-27 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photochemical production of dissolved inorganic carbon from terrestrial organic matter; significance to the oceanic organic carbon cycle AN - 50176408; 1995-039179 AB - Water collected from riverine, near coastal, and salt marsh sources in the Southeastern United States was evaluated for its ability to produce both carbon monoxide (CO) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) by photochemical oxidation of natural dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Irradiation of whole water samples using simulated sunlight produced CO at rates similar to those measured previously. Production rates for DIC were more than an order of magnitude higher than those observed for CO. Based on observed DIC formation rates, photo-oxidation of DOC by sunlight should be considered a dominant removal mechanism of organic carbon from the ocean. Copyright 1995 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Miller, William L AU - Zepp, Richard G Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 417 EP - 420 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - inorganic carbon KW - Sapelo Island KW - salinity KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - carbon KW - paludal environment KW - geochemistry KW - world ocean KW - pH KW - productivity KW - north-central Gulf of Mexico KW - organic materials KW - hydrology KW - marshes KW - global KW - surface water KW - photochemistry KW - northwestern Florida KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - hydrochemistry KW - inorganic materials KW - geochemical cycle KW - carbon monoxide KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - salt marshes KW - dissolved materials KW - residence time KW - Suwannee River KW - McIntosh County Georgia KW - coastal environment KW - Georgia KW - North Atlantic KW - fluvial environment KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50176408?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Photochemical+production+of+dissolved+inorganic+carbon+from+terrestrial+organic+matter%3B+significance+to+the+oceanic+organic+carbon+cycle&rft.au=Miller%2C+William+L%3BZepp%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F94GL03344 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; carbon; carbon monoxide; coastal environment; dissolved materials; fluvial environment; geochemical cycle; geochemistry; Georgia; global; Gulf Coastal Plain; Gulf of Mexico; hydrochemistry; hydrology; inorganic carbon; inorganic materials; marshes; McIntosh County Georgia; mires; North Atlantic; north-central Gulf of Mexico; northwestern Florida; organic compounds; organic materials; paludal environment; pH; photochemistry; productivity; residence time; salinity; salt marshes; Sapelo Island; surface water; Suwannee River; terrestrial environment; United States; world ocean DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94GL03344 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microphytic crust influence on wind erosion AN - 50130011; 1995-044101 JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Williams, J D AU - Dobrowolski, J P AU - West, N E AU - Gillette, D A Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 131 EP - 137 PB - American Society of Agricultural Engineers, [St. Joseph, MI] VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - thallophytes KW - soils KW - weathering crust KW - stabilization KW - cryptobiotic crust KW - Plantae KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - terrestrial environment KW - erosion KW - arid environment KW - semi-arid environment KW - wind erosion KW - microbiotic crust KW - physical properties KW - sedimentary rocks KW - microphytic crust KW - bacteria KW - wind transport KW - soil erosion KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50130011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Microphytic+crust+influence+on+wind+erosion&rft.au=Williams%2C+J+D%3BDobrowolski%2C+J+P%3BWest%2C+N+E%3BGillette%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - MI] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; bacteria; chemically precipitated rocks; cryptobiotic crust; erosion; microbiotic crust; microphytic crust; physical properties; Plantae; sedimentary rocks; semi-arid environment; soil erosion; soils; stabilization; terrestrial environment; thallophytes; weathering crust; wind erosion; wind transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury in vegetation and lake sediments from the U.S. Arctic AN - 50106214; 1995-066639 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Landers, D H AU - Ford, J AU - Gubala, C AU - Monetti, M AU - Lasorsa, B K AU - Martinson, J A2 - Porcella, Donald B. A2 - Huckabee, John W. A2 - Wheatley, Brian Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 591 EP - 601 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 80 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - lead KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - Schrader Lake KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - dates KW - arctic environment KW - sediments KW - absolute age KW - ecology KW - trace elements KW - heavy metals KW - mercury KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Arctic region KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - migration of elements KW - fresh-water environment KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - Northern Alaska KW - lacustrine environment KW - Alaska KW - Brooks Range KW - Pb-210 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50106214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Mercury+in+vegetation+and+lake+sediments+from+the+U.S.+Arctic&rft.au=Landers%2C+D+H%3BFord%2C+J%3BGubala%2C+C%3BMonetti%2C+M%3BLasorsa%2C+B+K%3BMartinson%2C+J&rft.aulast=Landers&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Mercury as a global pollutant N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Alaska; arctic environment; Arctic region; atmosphere; Brooks Range; dates; ecology; ecosystems; fresh-water environment; heavy metals; isotopes; lacustrine environment; lead; mercury; metals; migration of elements; monitoring; Northern Alaska; organic compounds; Pb-210; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; Schrader Lake; sediments; trace elements; transport; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultra trace level mercury in the Everglades ecosystem, a multi-media canal pilot study AN - 50099319; 1995-066655 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Stober, Q J AU - Jones, R D AU - Scheidt, D J A2 - Porcella, Donald B. A2 - Huckabee, John W. A2 - Wheatley, Brian Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 991 EP - 1001 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 80 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - organic residues KW - ecosystems KW - bioavailability KW - Florida KW - variations KW - spatial distribution KW - Lake Okeechobee KW - sediments KW - floods KW - paludal environment KW - ecology KW - chemical composition KW - mercury KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - Everglades KW - marshes KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - organo-metallics KW - preventive measures KW - levees KW - peat KW - mires KW - detection KW - methylmercury KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50099319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Ultra+trace+level+mercury+in+the+Everglades+ecosystem%2C+a+multi-media+canal+pilot+study&rft.au=Stober%2C+Q+J%3BJones%2C+R+D%3BScheidt%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Stober&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=991&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Mercury as a global pollutant N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioavailability; chemical composition; detection; ecology; ecosystems; Everglades; floods; Florida; Lake Okeechobee; levees; marshes; mercury; metals; methylmercury; mires; monitoring; organic residues; organo-metallics; paludal environment; peat; phosphorus; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; risk assessment; sediments; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; surface water; terrestrial environment; toxic materials; United States; variations; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogenic amorphous silica. AN - 77953154; 8929705 AB - Biogenic amorphous silica (BAS) is a natural constituent of living matter (eg, unicellular organisms and crop plants). Diatoms, whose siliceous remains are the geologic precursors to diatomaceous earth, actively process soluble silica into BAS. In some plants, a portion of the BAS exists externally as pointed or irregularly shaped fibers. Although silica-related adverse health effects are usually attributed to crystalline forms, such effects could occur as a result of exposure to BAS at high temperatures (above 800 degrees C), where crystalline silica, a known human toxicant is formed. BAS fibers from food crops can be ingested and lead to adverse health effects due to irritative processes. Airborne BAS fibers from rice can be inhaled during burning or incineration. Fibrous or nonfibrous BAS can adsorb toxic organic compounds and facilitate their entry into the lung. Recommendations for research are suggested to address the issue of potential health effects due to exposure to BAS. JF - Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health AU - Rabovsky, J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 108 EP - 110 VL - 21 Suppl 2 SN - 0355-3140, 0355-3140 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Agriculture KW - Humans KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Silicon Dioxide -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77953154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.atitle=Biogenic+amorphous+silica.&rft.au=Rabovsky%2C+J&rft.aulast=Rabovsky&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.issn=03553140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-02 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer risk assessment for crystalline silica to implement California's hot spots act. AN - 77935393; 8929703 AB - Crystalline silica has been identified as a probable human carcinogen. To assess the potential for adverse health effects due to environmental exposures to respirable crystalline silica, a quantitative estimate of carcinogenicity has been made using incidence data from three studies in which long-term silica inhalation caused lung tumors in rats. The uncertainties in risk assessment in general and in the risk assessment for silica in particular are discussed. JF - Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health AU - Collins, J F AU - Marty, M A AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 99 EP - 103 VL - 21 Suppl 2 SN - 0355-3140, 0355-3140 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Crystallization KW - Animals KW - Policy Making KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Risk Assessment KW - California KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Incidence KW - Sex Distribution KW - Female KW - Male KW - Silicon Dioxide -- pharmacology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Silicon Dioxide -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77935393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.atitle=Cancer+risk+assessment+for+crystalline+silica+to+implement+California%27s+hot+spots+act.&rft.au=Collins%2C+J+F%3BMarty%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.issn=03553140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-02 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The application of structure-activity relationships (SARs) in the aquatic toxicity evaluation of discrete organic chemicals. AN - 77813590; 8564855 AB - The Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT), United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) routinely uses structure-activity relationships (SAR) for the aquatic hazard assessment of new chemicals submitted under Section 5 of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). With 15 years of experience and the general acceptance of toxicity predictions based on SARs, OPPT has expanded the use and application of the methodology to include existing chemicals used in printing, dry cleaning, and paint stripping. SAR analysis has also been used in the hazard evaluation of the U.S. and EU/OECD high production volume (HPV) chemicals. This paper describes the assumptions, limitations, and methodology for the use of SARs to evaluate large sets of discrete organic chemicals. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Clements, R G AU - Nabholz, J V AU - Zeeman, M G AU - Auer, C M AD - Environmental Effects Branch (7403), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460-0001, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 203 EP - 215 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Fishes KW - Daphnia KW - Chemical Industry KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77813590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=The+application+of+structure-activity+relationships+%28SARs%29+in+the+aquatic+toxicity+evaluation+of+discrete+organic+chemicals.&rft.au=Clements%2C+R+G%3BNabholz%2C+J+V%3BZeeman%2C+M+G%3BAuer%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Clements&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Case studies of environmental risks to children. AN - 77697861; 8528686 AB - Doing a better job of protecting children from environmental hazards requires having more and better information about both children's susceptibility and their exposure to toxic substances. There are many critical gaps in knowledge of this issue. This article presents several examples specifically related to children's exposure to pesticides which illustrate environmental risks for children. The cases examined include the risk posed to children by the use of the insecticide aldicarb on bananas, and reported illnesses in children caused by the use of the insecticide diazinon in the home and by the use of interior house paint containing mercury. The cases presented illustrate how regulatory agencies, parents, health care providers, and others who come into contact with children on a regular basis all have roles to play in filling in the information gaps regarding children's exposure to environmental hazards and the deleterious effects of these exposures. JF - The Future of children AU - Goldman, L R AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 27 EP - 33 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1054-8289, 1054-8289 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - Hazardous Waste -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Child KW - Child, Preschool KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Child Welfare UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77697861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Future+of+children&rft.atitle=Case+studies+of+environmental+risks+to+children.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Future+of+children&rft.issn=10548289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-29 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Profile of procarbazine-induced embryotoxicity in an embryo hepatocyte co-culture system and after in utero glutathione depletion. AN - 77372252; 7604390 AB - Procarbazine (PCZ) is an antineoplastic agent useful in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease, brain tumors, and chronic leukemia. PCZ is dysmorphogenic to developing embryos exposed in vivo or cultured in the serum of PCZ-treated rats. However, embryos directly cultured with PCZ (up to 400 micrograms/ml) or PCZ plus S-9 liver fractions are unaffected. Since intact liver cells provide several advantages over hepatic subcellular fractions for in vitro bioactivation, we exposed rat embryos to PCZ in an embryo/hepatocyte co-culture system. Gestation day (GD) 9.5 rat embryos exposed to 0, 200, 300, or 400 micrograms PCZ/ml in the presence of untreated or phenobarbital induced male rat hepatocytes failed to display toxicity. However, in a companion study GD 9.5 rat embryos cultured in the serum from PCZ-treated rats exhibited developmental deficiencies. Studies have shown that the formation of toxic metabolites can result from glutathione (GSH) conjugation of toxicants in the liver. Therefore, in a second set of experiments, rat embryos were cultured in serum from rats pretreated with two GSH depleters (phorone and buthionine sulfoximine) and subsequently dosed with PCZ. Effects on development were enhanced when embryos were cultured in the serum from PCZ-treated/GSH depleted rats. These data indicate that PCZ requires in vivo activation to be dysmorphogenic and further suggest that the metabolite(s) responsible for procarbazine embryo-toxicity are formed readily under conditions of low GSH levels. This argues against a glutathione conjugate as the ultimate toxicant. JF - Teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis AU - Ebron-McCoy, M T AU - Nichols, H P AU - Andrews, J E AU - Kavlock, R J AD - Perinatal Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 33 EP - 42 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0270-3211, 0270-3211 KW - Antimetabolites KW - 0 KW - Ketones KW - Methionine Sulfoximine KW - 1982-67-8 KW - Procarbazine KW - 35S93Y190K KW - Buthionine Sulfoximine KW - 5072-26-4 KW - phorone KW - 8F20OEI0MV KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- cytology KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Methionine Sulfoximine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Antimetabolites -- toxicity KW - Biotransformation KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Methionine Sulfoximine -- toxicity KW - Ketones -- toxicity KW - Time Factors KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Procarbazine -- blood KW - Procarbazine -- toxicity KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Procarbazine -- metabolism KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77372252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratogenesis%2C+carcinogenesis%2C+and+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Profile+of+procarbazine-induced+embryotoxicity+in+an+embryo+hepatocyte+co-culture+system+and+after+in+utero+glutathione+depletion.&rft.au=Ebron-McCoy%2C+M+T%3BNichols%2C+H+P%3BAndrews%2C+J+E%3BKavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Ebron-McCoy&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratogenesis%2C+carcinogenesis%2C+and+mutagenesis&rft.issn=02703211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-10 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow cytometric detection of abnormal fetal erythropoiesis: application to 5-fluorouracil-induced anemia. AN - 77366554; 7541166 AB - We sought to determine whether flow cytometric analysis of circulating fetal blood cells could be used to rapidly detect perturbations of fetal erythropoiesis. In addition, we wanted to determine whether this approach would allow sample collection by exsanguination instead of fetal cardiac puncture, a difficult technique used to prevent contamination of samples with maternal erythrocytes. To monitor fetal erythropoiesis from gestational day (GD) 14-20, we analyzed the cell size, RNA content, and percentage of circulating liver-derived reticulocytes relative to yolk-sac-derived erythroblasts. As a model toxicant, we chose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), since we previously observed that maternal administration at 20-40 mg/kg on gestational day (GD) 14 produced fetal anemia on GD 16-17, as evidenced by dose-dependent decreases in the cell counts, hematocrit, and hemoglobin content of fetal blood obtained by cardiac puncture. We report herein that 48 hr after maternal 5-FU administration, both cardiac and peripheral blood samples exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in the relative percentage of reticulocytes, indicating a reduced rate of reticulocyte release from the fetal liver. Moreover, at 30 and 40 mg/kg, reticulocytes exhibited increased size and reduced RNA content on GD 16, but elevated RNA content (indicative of premature release) by GD 18. These data suggest that 5-FU inhibits both erythroid cell proliferation and RNA synthesis reversibly, resulting in an anemia that triggers compensatory release of immature reticulocytes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Teratology AU - Zucker, R M AU - Elstein, K H AU - Shuey, D L AU - Rogers, J M AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 37 EP - 44 VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Fluorouracil KW - U3P01618RT KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - RNA -- blood KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Fetal Heart KW - Erythrocyte Count KW - Gestational Age KW - Erythroid Precursor Cells KW - Punctures KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Yolk Sac KW - Reticulocytes KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Fetal Blood -- cytology KW - Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary KW - Fetal Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Erythropoiesis KW - Fluorouracil -- toxicity KW - Anemia -- embryology KW - Fetal Diseases -- blood KW - Anemia -- chemically induced KW - Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77366554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Flow+cytometric+detection+of+abnormal+fetal+erythropoiesis%3A+application+to+5-fluorouracil-induced+anemia.&rft.au=Zucker%2C+R+M%3BElstein%2C+K+H%3BShuey%2C+D+L%3BRogers%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Zucker&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-28 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methoxychlor regulates rat uterine estrogen-induced protein. AN - 77131456; 7839363 AB - Methoxychlor (MXC), a proestrogenic pesticide, has adverse effects on fertility and uterine function in rodents. MXC is converted to an estrogenic substance, 2,2-bis-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (HPTE), which binds to the estrogen receptor. We examined the similarities in mechanism between MXC (500 mg/kg) and estrogen (10 micrograms/rat) actions using the estrogen-induced protein, IP, also known as creatine kinase. Immature, female rats were treated with MXC or estradiol (E2). Concurrent treatment included actinomycin D (100 micrograms), cycloheximide (100 micrograms), or progesterone (0.5 mg). Uterine proteins were labeled in vitro with 3H for treated rats and with 14C for controls. The uteri were combined, cytosol was isolated, non-denaturing (ND) gels were run, and dpm/gel slice were plotted. In a follow-up study, labeled cytosols from MXC- and E2-treated rats were immunoprecipitated with a monoclonal antibody to creatine kinase. The immunoprecipitate was run on SDS gels. The data show that both MXC and E2 treatments result in ND gels with peaks in (a) induced protein and (b) the 3H/14C ratio, in the same position. The induction of IP by MXC is time- and dose-dependent. Concurrent treatment with MXC plus actinomycin D or cycloheximide blocked IP synthesis, a result parallel to E2 action signifying the necessity of RNA and protein synthesis for IP induction. Progesterone did not block either MXC or E2 induction of IP synthesis. Immunoprecipitation of creatine kinase revealed a single peak at a molecular weight of approximately 49,000. SDS gels of cytosol after MXC or E2 treatment also yielded protein and ratio peaks at molecular weights of approximately 49,000. This estimate is near the published estimated molecular weight of creatine kinase of 46,000. We conclude that MXC action parallels that of estradiol on the induction and regulation of the estrogen-induced protein in immature rat uterus. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Cummings, A M AU - Metcalf, J L AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 154 EP - 160 VL - 130 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Estrogens KW - Muscle Proteins KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - estrogen-induced uterine creatine kinase, rat KW - Dactinomycin KW - 1CC1JFE158 KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Cycloheximide KW - 98600C0908 KW - Creatine Kinase KW - EC 2.7.3.2 KW - Methoxychlor KW - RIA79UD69L KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cycloheximide -- administration & dosage KW - Dactinomycin -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- drug effects KW - Estradiol -- administration & dosage KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Progesterone -- pharmacology KW - Estradiol -- pharmacology KW - Progesterone -- administration & dosage KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Precipitin Tests KW - Molecular Weight KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Cycloheximide -- toxicity KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Female KW - Dactinomycin -- administration & dosage KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Muscle Proteins -- metabolism KW - Methoxychlor -- metabolism KW - Methoxychlor -- administration & dosage KW - Estrogens -- metabolism KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Methoxychlor -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77131456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Methoxychlor+regulates+rat+uterine+estrogen-induced+protein.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BMetcalf%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased [3H]phorbol ester binding in rat cerebellar granule cells by polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures and congeners: structure-activity relationships. AN - 77130904; 7839361 AB - Our previous reports indicate that polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in vitro perturbed cellular Ca2+ homeostasis and protein kinase C (PKC) translocation. We have now studied the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of 3 PCB mixtures, 24 PCB congeners, and 1 dibenzofuran for their effects on PKC translocation by measuring [3H]phorbol ester ([3H]PDBu) binding in cerebellar granule cells (7 days in culture). All the PCB mixtures studied increased [3H]PDBu binding significantly and in a concentration-dependent manner. However, Aroclor 1016 and Aroclor 1254 were more potent than Aroclor 1260. Of the 24 congeners studied, di-ortho congeners such as 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (-TeCB), 2,2',4,6,6'-pentachlorobiphenyl (-PeCB), 2,2',4,6-TeCB, and 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (-DCB) were the most potent (E50 = 28-43 microM) while non-ortho congeners such as 3,3',4,4'-TeCB and 3,3',4,4'5-PeCB were not effective. The potential contaminant of PCB mixtures, 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran had no significant effect on [3H]PDBu binding. The SAR among these congeners revealed: (i) congeners with ortho-chlorine substitution such as 2,2'-DCB (EC50 = 43 +/- 3 microM) or ortho-lateral (meta, para) chlorine substitution such as 2,2',5,5'-TeCB (EC50 = 28 +/- 3 microM) and 2,2'4,6-TeCB (E50 = 41 +/- 6 microM) were most potent; (ii) congeners with only para-substitution such as 4,4'-DCB or high lateral content in the absence of ortho-substitution such as 3,3',4,4',5,5'-HCB were not effective; and (iii) increased chlorination was not clearly related to the effectiveness of these congeners, although hexa- and heptachlorination was less effective than di- and tetrachlorination. Low lateral substitution, especially without para-substitution, or lateral content in the presence of ortho-substitution, may be the most important structural requirement for the in vitro activity of these PCB congeners in neuronal preparations. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Ward, T R AU - McKinney, J D AU - Tilson, H A AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 140 EP - 148 VL - 130 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Aroclors KW - 0 KW - Benzofurans KW - aroclor 1260 KW - 11096-82-5 KW - Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) KW - 11097-69-1 KW - Aroclor 1016 KW - 12674-11-2 KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate KW - 37558-16-0 KW - dibenzofuran KW - 8U54U639VI KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Computer Simulation KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Aroclors -- toxicity KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Binding Sites KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Female KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- metabolism KW - Benzofurans -- toxicity KW - Benzofurans -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism KW - Benzofurans -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77130904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Increased+%5B3H%5Dphorbol+ester+binding+in+rat+cerebellar+granule+cells+by+polychlorinated+biphenyl+mixtures+and+congeners%3A+structure-activity+relationships.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling watershed water quality AN - 52759399; 1997-016068 JF - Water Science and Technology Library AU - Donigian, A S AU - Imhoff, J C AU - Ambrose, R B, Jr A2 - Singh, Vijay P. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 377 EP - 421 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 15 SN - 0921-092X, 0921-092X KW - water quality KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - watersheds KW - regression KW - nonpoint sources KW - urban environment KW - ground water KW - basin management KW - algorithms KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - preventive measures KW - models KW - sea-level changes KW - runoff KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52759399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=Modeling+watershed+water+quality&rft.au=Donigian%2C+A+S%3BImhoff%2C+J+C%3BAmbrose%2C+R+B%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Donigian&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=079233549X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; basin management; data acquisition; data processing; decision-making; ground water; hydrology; models; monitoring; nonpoint sources; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; regression; risk assessment; runoff; sea-level changes; soils; statistical analysis; surface water; urban environment; water quality; water resources; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress in clean-up and technological developments in U.S. Superfund program AN - 52667050; 1997-076475 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Kovalick, W W AU - Kingscott, J A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 29 EP - 38 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - public policy KW - legislation KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - cost KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - decontamination KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52667050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Progress+in+clean-up+and+technological+developments+in+U.S.+Superfund+program&rft.au=Kovalick%2C+W+W%3BKingscott%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kovalick&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; cost; decision-making; decontamination; ground water; hazardous waste; legislation; monitoring; policy; pollution; public policy; reclamation; regulations; risk assessment; site exploration; soil treatment; soils; Superfund; toxic materials; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quality management during selection of technologies; example site March Air Force Base, USA AN - 52666984; 1997-076458 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Leitzinger, A AU - Argus, R AU - Scola, L AU - Steffens, K AU - Woodland, S A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1561 EP - 1563 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - Riverside County California KW - decision-making KW - remediation KW - California KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - March Air Force Base KW - quality control KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52666984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Quality+management+during+selection+of+technologies%3B+example+site+March+Air+Force+Base%2C+USA&rft.au=Leitzinger%2C+A%3BArgus%2C+R%3BScola%2C+L%3BSteffens%2C+K%3BWoodland%2C+S&rft.aulast=Leitzinger&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1561&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; decision-making; decontamination; hazardous waste; March Air Force Base; pollutants; pollution; quality control; reclamation; remediation; risk assessment; Riverside County California; site exploration; soils; United States; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Priority setting in Denmark in the future in connection with the expected amendment of the Danish act on contaminated sites AN - 52666913; 1997-076443 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Edelgaard, I A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1507 EP - 1511 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - Western Europe KW - medical geology KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - decontamination KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - Denmark KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52666913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Priority+setting+in+Denmark+in+the+future+in+connection+with+the+expected+amendment+of+the+Danish+act+on+contaminated+sites&rft.au=Edelgaard%2C+I&rft.aulast=Edelgaard&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1507&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; decontamination; Denmark; Europe; ground water; hazardous waste; human ecology; medical geology; policy; pollutants; pollution; regulations; risk assessment; Scandinavia; soils; surface water; water pollution; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NATO/CCMS pilot study for the treatment of contaminated land and groundwater AN - 52666347; 1997-076456 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Kovalick, W W, Jr AU - James, S C AU - Bassin, N J A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1553 EP - 1558 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - soils KW - programs KW - toxic materials KW - in situ KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52666347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=NATO%2FCCMS+pilot+study+for+the+treatment+of+contaminated+land+and+groundwater&rft.au=Kovalick%2C+W+W%2C+Jr%3BJames%2C+S+C%3BBassin%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Kovalick&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1553&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; decontamination; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; programs; regulations; remediation; site exploration; soils; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Innovative soil and groundwater remediation; applications and demonstrations; the site program experience AN - 52666334; 1997-076466 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Rock, S AU - Martin, J A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1597 EP - 1604 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - soils KW - programs KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - reclamation KW - techniques KW - decision-making KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - waste management KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52666334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Innovative+soil+and+groundwater+remediation%3B+applications+and+demonstrations%3B+the+site+program+experience&rft.au=Rock%2C+S%3BMartin%2C+J&rft.aulast=Rock&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1597&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; decision-making; ground water; programs; reclamation; remediation; site exploration; soils; Superfund; techniques; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - United States/German bilateral agreement on hazardous waste site clean-up projects AN - 52665977; 1997-076067 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Sanning, D AU - Schroeter, K A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 61 EP - 74 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - site exploration KW - soil vapor extraction KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - Europe KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - decontamination KW - conservation KW - Central Europe KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - spectra KW - soils KW - protection KW - pollutants KW - thermal properties KW - legislation KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - preventive measures KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - planning KW - industrial waste KW - Germany KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52665977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=United+States%2FGerman+bilateral+agreement+on+hazardous+waste+site+clean-up+projects&rft.au=Sanning%2C+D%3BSchroeter%2C+K&rft.aulast=Sanning&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Document feature - 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bioremediation; case studies; Central Europe; chemical waste; conservation; decontamination; Europe; Germany; ground water; hazardous waste; industrial waste; legislation; planning; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; protection; reclamation; regulations; remediation; site exploration; soil treatment; soil vapor extraction; soils; spectra; thermal properties; ultraviolet spectra; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MINTEQA2/PRODEFA2; a geochemical speciation model and interactive preprocessor AN - 52643007; 1998-005360 JF - SSSA Special Publication AU - Allison, Jerry D AU - Brown, David S A2 - Loeppert, Richard H. A2 - Schwab, A. Paul A2 - Goldberg, Sabine Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 241 EP - 252 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 42 SN - 1063-2565, 1063-2565 KW - hazardous waste KW - buffers KW - complexing KW - data processing KW - fresh water KW - simulation KW - MINTEQA2/PRODEFA2 KW - ligands KW - brucite KW - chemical reactions KW - aluminum KW - data bases KW - oxides KW - adsorption KW - equilibrium KW - inorganic materials KW - solid phase KW - models KW - computer programs KW - portlandite KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - leaching KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52643007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.atitle=MINTEQA2%2FPRODEFA2%3B+a+geochemical+speciation+model+and+interactive+preprocessor&rft.au=Allison%2C+Jerry+D%3BBrown%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Allison&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.issn=10632565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on Chemical equilibrium and reaction models N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aluminum; brucite; buffers; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; complexing; computer programs; data bases; data processing; equilibrium; fresh water; hazardous waste; inorganic materials; leaching; ligands; metals; MINTEQA2/PRODEFA2; models; organic compounds; oxides; portlandite; simulation; solid phase ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic hazard assessment from paleoseismological evidence in the Rieti region, central Italy AN - 51715952; 2005-038958 JF - Special Publication - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Michetti, Alessandro M AU - Brunamonte, Fabio AU - Serva, Leonello AU - Whitney, Robert A A2 - Serva, Leonello A2 - Slemmons, D. Burton Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 63 EP - 82 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, Sudbury, MA VL - 6 KW - paleoseismicity KW - Quaternary KW - geologic hazards KW - Central Apennines KW - central Italy KW - Europe KW - extension tectonics KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - models KW - Cenozoic KW - Apennines KW - Pie di Colle KW - seismicity KW - seismic risk KW - Villafranchian KW - Pleistocene KW - risk assessment KW - tectonics KW - Rieti Italy KW - La Casetta Italy KW - earthquakes KW - lower Pleistocene KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51715952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Seismic+hazard+assessment+from+paleoseismological+evidence+in+the+Rieti+region%2C+central+Italy&rft.au=Michetti%2C+Alessandro+M%3BBrunamonte%2C+Fabio%3BServa%2C+Leonello%3BWhitney%2C+Robert+A&rft.aulast=Michetti&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03787 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apennines; Cenozoic; Central Apennines; central Italy; earthquakes; Europe; extension tectonics; geologic hazards; Italy; La Casetta Italy; lower Pleistocene; models; paleoseismicity; Pie di Colle; Pleistocene; Quaternary; Rieti Italy; risk assessment; seismic risk; seismicity; Southern Europe; tectonics; Villafranchian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paleoseismological evidence in the epicentral area of the January 1968 earthquakes, Belice, southwestern Sicily AN - 51715629; 2005-038962 JF - Special Publication - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Michetti, Alessandro M AU - Brunamonte, Fabio AU - Serva, Leonello A2 - Serva, Leonello A2 - Slemmons, D. Burton Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 127 EP - 139 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, Sudbury, MA VL - 6 KW - Belice River KW - paleoseismicity KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - Sicily Italy KW - neotectonics KW - Belice earthquakes 1968 KW - epicenters KW - tectonics KW - earthquakes KW - seismotectonics KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51715629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Paleoseismological+evidence+in+the+epicentral+area+of+the+January+1968+earthquakes%2C+Belice%2C+southwestern+Sicily&rft.au=Michetti%2C+Alessandro+M%3BBrunamonte%2C+Fabio%3BServa%2C+Leonello&rft.aulast=Michetti&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03787 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Belice earthquakes 1968; Belice River; earthquakes; epicenters; Europe; Italy; neotectonics; paleoseismicity; seismotectonics; Sicily Italy; Southern Europe; tectonics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Are erosion control programs reducing sedimentation? AN - 51142805; 2005-004961 JF - Special Report - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Water Resources Center AU - Roseboom, D P AU - Sinclair, R AU - Eicken, Gary AU - Woods, Pat A2 - Wagner, Elizabeth D. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 129 EP - 138 PB - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Water Resources Center, Urbana, IL SN - 0733-0502, 0733-0502 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Lake Pittsfield KW - western Illinois KW - watersheds KW - nonpoint sources KW - environmental analysis KW - Blue Creek KW - sedimentation rates KW - sediments KW - discharge KW - water pollution KW - lacustrine sedimentation KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - reservoirs KW - Illinois KW - sediment transport KW - rainfall KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - erosion control KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51142805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Report+-+University+of+Illinois+at+Urbana-Champaign%2C+Water+Resources+Center&rft.atitle=Are+erosion+control+programs+reducing+sedimentation%3F&rft.au=Roseboom%2C+D+P%3BSinclair%2C+R%3BEicken%2C+Gary%3BWoods%2C+Pat&rft.aulast=Roseboom&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Report+-+University+of+Illinois+at+Urbana-Champaign%2C+Water+Resources+Center&rft.issn=07330502&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth biennial Governor's conference on the Management of the Illinois River system N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blue Creek; discharge; environmental analysis; erosion control; hydrology; Illinois; lacustrine sedimentation; Lake Pittsfield; monitoring; nonpoint sources; pollutants; pollution; rainfall; reservoirs; sediment transport; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; sediments; surface water; United States; water pollution; water quality; watersheds; western Illinois ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of effects of chemicals on wetlands AN - 50943803; 1996-080938 JF - SCOPE AU - Queen, William H AU - Stanley, Donald W A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 151 EP - 166 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - soils KW - fertilizers KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - sludge KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - biota KW - ground water KW - bioaccumulation KW - models KW - detection KW - wetlands KW - mass balance KW - infiltration KW - industrial waste KW - risk assessment KW - discharge KW - mobility KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50943803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+effects+of+chemicals+on+wetlands&rft.au=Queen%2C+William+H%3BStanley%2C+Donald+W&rft.aulast=Queen&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 94 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; biodegradation; biota; chemical waste; detection; discharge; experimental studies; fertilizers; ground water; industrial waste; infiltration; mass balance; mobility; models; monitoring; pollution; risk assessment; sludge; soils; surface water; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large geographic scale environmental monitoring and assessment AN - 50942582; 1996-080937 JF - SCOPE A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 71 EP - 93 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - water use KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - regional planning KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - models KW - geographic information systems KW - natural resources KW - areal studies KW - risk assessment KW - information systems KW - water resources KW - land use KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50942582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Large+geographic+scale+environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - areal studies; geographic information systems; information systems; land use; models; monitoring; natural resources; pollutants; pollution; regional planning; remote sensing; risk assessment; soils; statistical analysis; water resources; water use; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to assess the effects of chemicals on forests AN - 50941324; 1996-080939 JF - SCOPE AU - Bonneau, M AU - Fink, S AU - Rennenberg, H A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 167 EP - 205 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - solute transport KW - fertilizers KW - sludge KW - ammonium ion KW - halogens KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - chemical waste KW - vegetation KW - ground water KW - bioaccumulation KW - chloride ion KW - mass balance KW - nitrate ion KW - discharge KW - mobility KW - rain KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - forests KW - chlorine KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - photochemistry KW - damage KW - pollution KW - biota KW - geochemical cycle KW - acid rain KW - models KW - detection KW - infiltration KW - industrial waste KW - acidification KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50941324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+on+forests&rft.au=Bonneau%2C+M%3BFink%2C+S%3BRennenberg%2C+H&rft.aulast=Bonneau&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 215 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; ammonium ion; atmospheric precipitation; bioaccumulation; biodegradation; biota; chemical waste; chloride ion; chlorine; damage; detection; discharge; experimental studies; fertilizers; forests; geochemical cycle; ground water; halogens; heavy metals; industrial waste; infiltration; mass balance; mobility; models; monitoring; nitrate ion; photochemistry; pollution; rain; risk assessment; sludge; soils; solute transport; sulfate ion; surface water; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to assess the effects of chemicals on arid and semi-arid ecosystems AN - 50941247; 1996-080940 JF - SCOPE AU - Mouat, David AU - Banin, Amos AU - Jones, Bruce A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 207 EP - 222 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - imagery KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - semi-arid environment KW - desertification KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - chemical waste KW - salinity KW - ground water KW - mass balance KW - mobility KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - cation exchange capacity KW - arid environment KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - models KW - detection KW - infiltration KW - industrial waste KW - cations KW - risk assessment KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50941247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+on+arid+and+semi-arid+ecosystems&rft.au=Mouat%2C+David%3BBanin%2C+Amos%3BJones%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Mouat&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; atmospheric precipitation; cation exchange capacity; cations; chemical waste; degradation; desertification; detection; experimental studies; ground water; imagery; industrial waste; infiltration; mass balance; mobility; models; monitoring; pollution; remote sensing; risk assessment; salinity; semi-arid environment; soils; solubility; surface water; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to assess the effects of chemicals on ecosystems AN - 50941110; 1996-080936 JF - SCOPE A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 416 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - soils KW - forests KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - regional planning KW - damage KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - fresh-water environment KW - chemical waste KW - biota KW - ground water KW - wetlands KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50941110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+on+ecosystems&rft.title=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+on+ecosystems&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters within scope are cited separately; IPCS joint activity, 23; SGOMSEC, 10 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; chemical properties; chemical waste; damage; ecology; ecosystems; forests; fresh-water environment; ground water; industrial waste; monitoring; pollution; regional planning; risk assessment; soils; surface water; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to assess the effects of chemicals in cold climates AN - 50939761; 1996-080942 JF - SCOPE AU - Lockhart, W L AU - Muir, D C G AU - Wagemann, R AU - Brunskill, G AU - Savinova, T A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 259 EP - 289 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - temperature KW - models KW - case studies KW - spatial variations KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - Canada KW - arctic environment KW - residence time KW - glacial environment KW - industrial waste KW - climate effects KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - mobility KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50939761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+in+cold+climates&rft.au=Lockhart%2C+W+L%3BMuir%2C+D+C+G%3BWagemann%2C+R%3BBrunskill%2C+G%3BSavinova%2C+T&rft.aulast=Lockhart&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 158 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; arctic environment; Canada; case studies; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; climate effects; detection; glacial environment; halogenated hydrocarbons; industrial waste; mobility; models; monitoring; organic compounds; pollution; residence time; risk assessment; spatial variations; temperature; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to assess the effects of chemicals on soils AN - 50937721; 1996-080941 JF - SCOPE AU - Verhoef, H A AU - van Gestel, C A M A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 223 EP - 257 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - fertilizers KW - sludge KW - chemical waste KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - denitrification KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - discharge KW - mobility KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - forests KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - fixation KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - weathering KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - detection KW - saturation KW - infiltration KW - runoff KW - industrial waste KW - risk assessment KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50937721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+on+soils&rft.au=Verhoef%2C+H+A%3Bvan+Gestel%2C+C+A+M&rft.aulast=Verhoef&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 124 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; biogenic processes; carbon; chemical waste; denitrification; detection; discharge; experimental studies; fertilizers; fixation; forests; geochemical cycle; ground water; industrial waste; infiltration; microorganisms; mobility; models; monitoring; nitrogen; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; phosphorus; Plantae; pollution; risk assessment; runoff; saturation; sludge; soils; surface water; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecoregions of Alaska AN - 50175309; 1996-040058 AB - This publication represents a milestone in the U.S. global change research program on the land characterization of Arctic land processes. The book describes 20 ecological regions and includes a folded, color-coded map that shows them. The map legend summarizes the characteristics of each region and has 41 color photographs of representative sites. The map and accompanying information should prove helpful in making practical decisions concerning land management planning and in determining the availability of natural resources. JF - U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper AU - Gallant, Alisa L AU - Binnian, Emily F AU - Omernik, James M AU - Shasby, Mark B Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 73 EP - 73, 1 sheet PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 1044-9612, 1044-9612 KW - Scale: 1:5,000,000 KW - Type: colored map KW - United States KW - imagery KW - permafrost KW - glaciation KW - surficial geology KW - global change KW - vegetation KW - photography KW - regional patterns KW - arctic environment KW - ecology KW - USGS KW - color imagery KW - climate KW - soils KW - processes KW - patterns KW - subarctic regions KW - terrains KW - natural resources KW - maps KW - classification KW - Alaska KW - landscapes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50175309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gallant%2C+Alisa+L%3BBinnian%2C+Emily+F%3BOmernik%2C+James+M%3BShasby%2C+Mark+B&rft.aulast=Gallant&rft.aufirst=Alisa&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Ecoregions+of+Alaska&rft.title=Ecoregions+of+Alaska&rft.issn=10449612&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1567/report.pdf http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/PP LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes 3 appendices; Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado State University and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; arctic environment; classification; climate; color imagery; ecology; glaciation; global change; imagery; landscapes; maps; natural resources; patterns; permafrost; photography; processes; regional patterns; soils; subarctic regions; surficial geology; terrains; United States; USGS; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Red slime, oily films, and black rocks; sensing the iron bacteria that make neutral streams look acid AN - 50170846; 1995-019567 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Circular AU - Robbins, Eleanora I AU - Anderson, John E AU - Podwysocki, Melvin H AU - Edenborn, Harry M AU - Eggleston, Jane R AU - Growitz, Douglas AU - Kleinmann, Robert L AU - Norden, Arnold W AU - Passmore, Margaret E AU - Prugh, Byron J, Jr AU - Stanton, Mark R AU - Sweet, Palmer C AU - Vandyke, Timothy M Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 109 EP - 111 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 1067-084X, 1067-084X KW - thallophytes KW - rivers and streams KW - manganese KW - iron KW - absorption KW - USGS KW - pH KW - hydrology KW - Plantae KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - acid mine drainage KW - surface water KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - optical properties KW - detection KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - acidification KW - reflectance KW - fluvial environment KW - remote sensing KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50170846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.atitle=Red+slime%2C+oily+films%2C+and+black+rocks%3B+sensing+the+iron+bacteria+that+make+neutral+streams+look+acid&rft.au=Robbins%2C+Eleanora+I%3BAnderson%2C+John+E%3BPodwysocki%2C+Melvin+H%3BEdenborn%2C+Harry+M%3BEggleston%2C+Jane+R%3BGrowitz%2C+Douglas%3BKleinmann%2C+Robert+L%3BNorden%2C+Arnold+W%3BPassmore%2C+Margaret+E%3BPrugh%2C+Byron+J%2C+Jr%3BStanton%2C+Mark+R%3BSweet%2C+Palmer+C%3BVandyke%2C+Timothy+M&rft.aulast=Robbins&rft.aufirst=Eleanora&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.issn=1067084X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Tenth V. E. McKelvey forum on mineral and energy resources N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XICIA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; acid mine drainage; acidification; bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; detection; fluvial environment; hydrocarbons; hydrology; iron; manganese; metals; optical properties; organic compounds; pH; Plantae; pollution; reflectance; remote sensing; rivers and streams; sedimentation; surface water; thallophytes; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coalbed methane; from hazard to environmental concern and untapped energy resource AN - 50170812; 1995-019547 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Circular AU - Rice, Dudley D AU - Wanty, Richard B AU - Byrer, Charles W AU - Kruger, Dina W Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 72 EP - 74 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 1067-084X, 1067-084X KW - United States KW - petroleum exploration KW - geologic hazards KW - natural gas KW - impact statements KW - petroleum KW - New Mexico KW - Alabama KW - potential deposits KW - energy sources KW - Indiana KW - ecology KW - USGS KW - West Virginia KW - Virginia KW - Illinois KW - Wyoming KW - Oklahoma KW - Kansas KW - environment KW - coalbed methane KW - Kentucky KW - Utah KW - Pennsylvania KW - Colorado KW - Arkansas KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50170812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.atitle=Coalbed+methane%3B+from+hazard+to+environmental+concern+and+untapped+energy+resource&rft.au=Rice%2C+Dudley+D%3BWanty%2C+Richard+B%3BByrer%2C+Charles+W%3BKruger%2C+Dina+W&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=Dudley&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.issn=1067084X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Tenth V. E. McKelvey forum on mineral and energy resources N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XICIA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alabama; Arkansas; coalbed methane; Colorado; ecology; energy sources; environment; geologic hazards; Illinois; impact statements; Indiana; Kansas; Kentucky; natural gas; New Mexico; Oklahoma; Pennsylvania; petroleum; petroleum exploration; potential deposits; United States; USGS; Utah; Virginia; West Virginia; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of oil-field brines on aquifers; geophysical applications in oil field environmental studies AN - 50170794; 1995-019569 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Circular AU - Smith, Bruce D AU - Mazzella, Aldo T Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 114 EP - 116 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 1067-084X, 1067-084X KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - southwestern Mississippi KW - oil and gas fields KW - ground water KW - electromagnetic methods KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - electromagnetic induction KW - Brookhaven Field KW - Mississippi KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - magnetic methods KW - resistivity KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - brines KW - surveys KW - shallow aquifers KW - waste disposal KW - Lincoln County Mississippi KW - airborne methods KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50170794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+oil-field+brines+on+aquifers%3B+geophysical+applications+in+oil+field+environmental+studies&rft.au=Smith%2C+Bruce+D%3BMazzella%2C+Aldo+T&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.issn=1067084X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Tenth V. E. McKelvey forum on mineral and energy resources N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XICIA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; aquifers; brines; Brookhaven Field; electrical methods; electromagnetic induction; electromagnetic methods; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; Gulf Coastal Plain; hydrochemistry; Lincoln County Mississippi; magnetic methods; Mississippi; oil and gas fields; pollution; resistivity; shallow aquifers; southwestern Mississippi; surveys; United States; USGS; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cropsy waste pile, Beaver mud dump, Cleveland Cliffs and mine pits response action AN - 50125700; 1995-052687 JF - Special Publication - Colorado Geological Survey AU - Ketellapper, Victor L AU - Cressman, J E AU - Carmody, Colleen A2 - Posey, Harry H. A2 - Pendleton, James A. A2 - Van Zyl, Dirk J. A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 121 EP - 126 PB - Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, CO SN - 0099-6459, 0099-6459 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - mines KW - acid mine drainage KW - Superfund KW - pits KW - Alamosa River KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - tailings ponds KW - hydrochemistry KW - cost KW - remediation KW - Summitville Mine KW - water treatment KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - Colorado KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50125700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Cropsy+waste+pile%2C+Beaver+mud+dump%2C+Cleveland+Cliffs+and+mine+pits+response+action&rft.au=Ketellapper%2C+Victor+L%3BCressman%2C+J+E%3BCarmody%2C+Colleen&rft.aulast=Ketellapper&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=188421651X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=00996459&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Summitville forum '95 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CGSSA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Alamosa River; Colorado; cost; geochemistry; hazardous waste; hydrochemistry; leaching; mines; pH; pits; pollution; remediation; Rio Grande County Colorado; Summitville Mine; Superfund; tailings ponds; United States; waste disposal; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional accumulation pattern of heavy metals in lake sediments and forest soils in Sweden AN - 50124868; 1995-043766 JF - The Science of the Total Environment AU - Johansson, Kjell AU - Andersson, Arne AU - Andersson, Tord Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 373 EP - 380 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 160-161 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - soils KW - forests KW - zinc KW - concentration KW - Western Europe KW - copper KW - background level KW - pollution KW - lead KW - Europe KW - southern Sweden KW - regional patterns KW - Scandinavia KW - areal studies KW - transport KW - metals KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - cadmium KW - chemical composition KW - heavy metals KW - Sweden KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50124868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Regional+accumulation+pattern+of+heavy+metals+in+lake+sediments+and+forest+soils+in+Sweden&rft.au=Johansson%2C+Kjell%3BAndersson%2C+Arne%3BAndersson%2C+Tord&rft.aulast=Johansson&rft.aufirst=Kjell&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=160-161&rft.issue=&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - areal studies; background level; cadmium; chemical composition; concentration; copper; Europe; forests; heavy metals; lacustrine environment; lead; mercury; metals; pollution; regional patterns; Scandinavia; sediments; soils; southern Sweden; Sweden; transport; Western Europe; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is Summitville really unique? AN - 50124416; 1995-052704 JF - Special Publication - Colorado Geological Survey AU - Williams, Laura O A2 - Posey, Harry H. A2 - Pendleton, James A. A2 - Van Zyl, Dirk J. A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 362 EP - 368 PB - Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, CO SN - 0099-6459, 0099-6459 KW - United States KW - mines KW - acid mine drainage KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - Alamosa River KW - legislation KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Summitville Mine KW - history KW - seasonal variations KW - cyanides KW - Colorado KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50124416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Is+Summitville+really+unique%3F&rft.au=Williams%2C+Laura+O&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=188421651X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=00996459&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Summitville forum '95 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CGSSA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Alamosa River; Colorado; cyanides; history; legislation; mines; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rio Grande County Colorado; seasonal variations; Summitville Mine; Superfund; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the chemical, physical and biological conditions of the Summitville Mine Superfund Site, and Alamosa River and associated tributaries AN - 50122473; 1995-052697 JF - Special Publication - Colorado Geological Survey AU - Willingham, W T AU - Parrish, L P AU - Schroeder, W C AU - Rodriguez, G R AU - Archuleta, Andrew S AU - Smith, M E AU - Herrin, L E AU - Kneipp, A M AU - Gabler, J D A2 - Posey, Harry H. A2 - Pendleton, James A. A2 - Van Zyl, Dirk J. A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 227 PB - Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, CO SN - 0099-6459, 0099-6459 KW - United States KW - mines KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - Alamosa River KW - Wightman Fork KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - tributaries KW - biota KW - Summitville Mine KW - physical properties KW - leaching KW - discharge KW - cyanides KW - Colorado KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50122473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+chemical%2C+physical+and+biological+conditions+of+the+Summitville+Mine+Superfund+Site%2C+and+Alamosa+River+and+associated+tributaries&rft.au=Willingham%2C+W+T%3BParrish%2C+L+P%3BSchroeder%2C+W+C%3BRodriguez%2C+G+R%3BArchuleta%2C+Andrew+S%3BSmith%2C+M+E%3BHerrin%2C+L+E%3BKneipp%2C+A+M%3BGabler%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Willingham&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=188421651X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=00996459&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Summitville forum '95 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CGSSA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alamosa River; biota; chemical composition; Colorado; cyanides; discharge; leaching; mines; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; prediction; Rio Grande County Colorado; Summitville Mine; Superfund; tributaries; United States; Wightman Fork ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interim project report Reynolds Adit Control Program AN - 50121190; 1995-052688 JF - Special Publication - Colorado Geological Survey AU - Devarajan, Raj AU - Trela, John A AU - Hanley, James E AU - Whitlock, L Clark A2 - Posey, Harry H. A2 - Pendleton, James A. A2 - Van Zyl, Dirk J. A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 127 EP - 133 PB - Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, CO SN - 0099-6459, 0099-6459 KW - United States KW - methods KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - programs KW - mines KW - monitoring KW - acid mine drainage KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - Reynolds Adit KW - remediation KW - Summitville Mine KW - metals KW - tunnels KW - waste disposal KW - discharge KW - cyanides KW - Colorado KW - construction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50121190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Interim+project+report+Reynolds+Adit+Control+Program&rft.au=Devarajan%2C+Raj%3BTrela%2C+John+A%3BHanley%2C+James+E%3BWhitlock%2C+L+Clark&rft.aulast=Devarajan&rft.aufirst=Raj&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=188421651X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=00996459&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Summitville forum '95 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CGSSA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Colorado; construction; cyanides; discharge; hydrology; metals; methods; mines; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; programs; remediation; Reynolds Adit; Rio Grande County Colorado; Summitville Mine; Superfund; surface water; tunnels; United States; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vulnerability of the uppermost ground water to contamination in the greater Denver area, Colorado AN - 50085590; 1996-006061 AB - Information about vulnerability of ground water to contamination is needed to facilitate ground-water management. Vulnerability of ground water refers to the intrinsic characteristics that determine the sensitivity of the water to being adversely affected by an imposed contaminant load. Within the greater Denver area, vulnerability of the uppermost ground water to contamination from the surface was assessed by considering the intrinsic characteristics included in a method developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the National Water Well Association, the DRASTIC method. The seven geohydrologic characteristics considered are: (1) Aquifer media, (2) hydraulic conductivity, (3) unsaturated media, (4) depth to water, (5) recharge, (6) soil media, and (7) land-surface slope. Recharge from precipitation generally is less than 2 inches per year; no effort was made to quantify the variation of recharge throughout the study area. Data for geology, depth to water, soils, and elevation were obtained and processed to produce maps of the other six characteristics. Spatial and attribute data for these maps were stored and processed by geographic-information-system software to produce a map showing vulnerability of the uppermost ground water to contamination from the surface. This report describes the assessment of each geohydrologic characteristic and the 157 vulnerability response units that were delineated within the greater Denver area. These response units are unique with respect to the geohydrologic characteristics considered. The uppermost ground water within each of the vulnerability response units are described in a series of tables, which include qualitative and selected quantitative data and the vulnerability rating assigned for each of the seven geohydrologic characteristics. JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Hearne, Glenn A AU - Wireman, Michael AU - Campbell, Angus S AU - Turner, Sandy AU - Ingersoll, George P Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 244 EP - 244, 1 sheet PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - Scale: 1:100,000 KW - Type: colored hydrogeologic map KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Denver County Colorado KW - Jefferson County Colorado KW - data processing KW - north-central Colorado KW - ground water KW - Denver Colorado KW - USGS KW - soils KW - Arapahoe County Colorado KW - Douglas County Colorado KW - pollution KW - hydrogeologic maps KW - Adams County Colorado KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - maps KW - classification KW - shallow aquifers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - DRASTIC KW - Colorado KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50085590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hearne%2C+Glenn+A%3BWireman%2C+Michael%3BCampbell%2C+Angus+S%3BTurner%2C+Sandy%3BIngersoll%2C+George+P&rft.aulast=Hearne&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Vulnerability+of+the+uppermost+ground+water+to+contamination+in+the+greater+Denver+area%2C+Colorado&rft.title=Vulnerability+of+the+uppermost+ground+water+to+contamination+in+the+greater+Denver+area%2C+Colorado&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from USGS product, Selected Water Resources Abstracts, Reston, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 21 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Health, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and U.S. Soil Conservation Service N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Colorado; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Arapahoe County Colorado; classification; Colorado; computer programs; data processing; Denver Colorado; Denver County Colorado; Douglas County Colorado; DRASTIC; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrogeologic maps; Jefferson County Colorado; land use; maps; north-central Colorado; pollution; shallow aquifers; soils; United States; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meeting mobility and air quality goals: strategies that work AN - 27446842; 2001-80-004835 (CE); 2001-64-001367 (MT); 0193571 (EN) AB - Recent federal legislation sets tough air quality goals for the nation but offers scant guidance to urban areas responsible for meeting those goals. Traditionally, transportation-related air quality policy emphasized cleaner vehicle and fuels technologies and alternatives to single-occupant vehicle travel such as car-pooling and mass transit. Analysis suggests, however, that meeting air quality goals will require the addition of policies to manage the growing demand for transportation. The introduction of market forces into transportation supply and demand decisions would support traditional transportation and air quality strategies, and produce additional mobility, air quality, and economic benefits. Recent transportation legislation offers states and localities the flexibility to meet mobility and air quality goals in an innovative, non-traditional manner. Drawing on theoretical analysis and recent empirical evidence we offer a package of measures for the consideration of state, and federal policy-makers. JF - Transportation AU - Kessler, Jon AU - Schroeer, William AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA PY - 1995 SP - 241 EP - 272 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, P.O. Box 989, Dordrecht, 3300AZ, Netherlands, [mailto:IrisJagers@wkap.nl], [URL:http://www.wkap.nl] VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0049-4488, 0049-4488 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering (MT); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Air quality KW - Transportation KW - Mobility KW - Vehicles KW - Marketing KW - Economics KW - Empirical analysis KW - Supply and demand KW - Demand analysis KW - Federal legislation KW - Legislation KW - Urban areas KW - Drawing KW - Flexibility KW - Cleaning KW - Alternative fuels KW - Article KW - EE 902.3:LEGAL ASPECTS KW - EE 451.2:AIR POLLUTION CONTROL KW - EE 912.2:MANAGEMENT KW - EE 432.1:HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION (GENERAL) KW - EE 403.1:URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT (EN) KW - EE 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27446842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation&rft.atitle=Meeting+mobility+and+air+quality+goals%3A+strategies+that+work&rft.au=Kessler%2C+Jon%3BSchroeer%2C+William&rft.aulast=Kessler&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation&rft.issn=00494488&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decomposition of silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) woody debris in a central Illinois bottomland forest AN - 17016420; 3849392 AB - The decomposition rate of silver maple (Acer saccharinum) woody debris was measured in a seasonally flooded mature wetland forest in central Illinois. Small diameter woody debris logs (5-cm diameter x 0.75-m long) of three successive decomposition classes (fresh, intermediate, and rotten) were placed in the floodplain for a period of 1.5 years. By incorporating a chronosequential design that extended the time frame to about 3.5 yr, the decomposition coefficient (k) of sample logs was estimated at 0.089 yr super(-1) with a half-life of 7.8 years. Mass loss by microbial activity and leaching was estimated at 90%, whereas fragmentation accounted for 10%. Nutrient analysis of the logs indicated that P and K seemed to be released, whereas N, Ca, and Mg were immobilized. Overall, Ca and N were found in significantly higher concentrations than other nutrients (Ca> N>> K> Mg> P). Because small diameter woody debris has limited quantities of nutrients and a long residence time, its role in this mature forested wetland does not seem to be a nutrient reservoir but rather a long-term organic matter storage pool. JF - Wetlands AU - Chueng, N AU - Brown, S AD - U.S. E.P.A. 200 Southwest 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 232 EP - 241 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0277-5212, 0277-5212 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - nutrient availability KW - decomposition KW - wetlands KW - USA, Illinois KW - Acer saccharinum KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17016420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands&rft.atitle=Decomposition+of+silver+maple+%28Acer+saccharinum+L.%29+woody+debris+in+a+central+Illinois+bottomland+forest&rft.au=Chueng%2C+N%3BBrown%2C+S&rft.aulast=Chueng&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=232&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands&rft.issn=02775212&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acer saccharinum; USA, Illinois; decomposition; wetlands; nutrient availability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EMAP-wetlands: A sampling design with global application AN - 17010523; 3847061 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) in 1988. The wetland component (EMAP-Wetlands) is designed to provide quantitative assessments of the current status and long-term trends in the ecological condition of wetland resources. EMAP-Wetlands will develop a wetland monitoring network and will identify and evaluate indicators that describe and quantify wetland condition. The EMAP-Wetlands network will represent a probability sample of the total wetland resource. The EMAP sample is based on a triangular grid of approximately 12,600 sample points in the conterminous U.S. The triangular grid adequately samples wetland resources that are common and uniformly distributed in a region, such as the prairie pothole wetlands of the Midwest. However, the design is flexible and allows the base grid density to be increased to adequately sample wetland resources, such as the coastal wetlands of the Gulf of Mexico, which are distributed linearly along the coast. The Gulf sample network required a 49-fold increase in base grid density. EMAP-Wetlands aggregates the 56 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (FWS) National Wetland Inventory (NWI) categories (Cowardin et al. 1979) into 12 functionally similar groups (Leibowitz et al. 1991). Both the EMAP sample design and aggregated wetland classes are suitable for global inventory and assessment of wetlands. JF - Vegetatio AU - Novitzki, R P AD - Man Tech Environ. Technol., Inc., US EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 171 EP - 184 VL - 118 IS - 1-2 SN - 0042-3106, 0042-3106 KW - biological sampling KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - mapping KW - Freshwater KW - nature conservation KW - USA KW - environmental monitoring KW - wetlands KW - sampling KW - classification KW - classification systems KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - D 04200:Wetlands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17010523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vegetatio&rft.atitle=EMAP-wetlands%3A+A+sampling+design+with+global+application&rft.au=Novitzki%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Novitzki&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vegetatio&rft.issn=00423106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nature conservation; environmental monitoring; biological sampling; sampling; wetlands; classification; mapping; classification systems; USA; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photothermal destruction of the vapor of organic compounds AN - 17008072; 3849059 AB - The results of thermal and photothermal destruction of the vapors of organic compounds were compared by conducting tests in a photothermal detoxification unit. A xenon arc lamp was used as the irradiation source. The tests were conducted on trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,2-dichlorobenzene (DCB), and a mixture of benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and m-xylene (BTEX). These materials represent various types of common pollutants at contaminated sites. The results showed that both TCE and DCB can be destroyed photothermally at much lower temperatures than in a pure thermal process. The photothermal effect of xenon arc radiation on BTEX was also clearly shown for all components except benzene; the effect was not as great as that on the chlorinated compounds. Carbon tetrachloride from TCE was the only significant product of incomplete conversion observed in all experiments. The absorption spectra of these six compounds were taken at various temperatures using a custom-built high-temperature absorption spectrophotometer. The absorption strength, rate of photon absorption, and photothermal quantum yields of these six compounds all increased with temperature. The predicted radiant intensities of the mercury arc lamp and the predicted temperatures of the reactor for the complete mineralization of TCE, DCB and toluene were estimated using a mathematical model. The results showed that a mercury arc lamp with relatively low radiant intensity is capable of destroying 99% of various categories of organic pollutants at moderate temperatures. This makes the process ideal for non-combustion on-site destruction of the off-gas from remediation technologies such as soil vapor extraction, thermal desorption and air stripping. JF - Waste Management AU - Chen, C T AU - Graham, J L AU - Dellinger, B AD - Releases Control Branch, U.S. EPA, Bldg. 10 (MS-104), 2890 Woodbridge Ave., Edison, NJ 08837-3679, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 159 EP - 170 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - trichloroethylene KW - 1,2-dichlorobenzene KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - irradiation KW - temperature KW - waste management KW - absorption KW - photodegradation KW - organic compounds KW - vapors KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17008072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management&rft.atitle=Photothermal+destruction+of+the+vapor+of+organic+compounds&rft.au=Chen%2C+C+T%3BGraham%2C+J+L%3BDellinger%2C+B&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic compounds; vapors; photodegradation; temperature; absorption; waste management; irradiation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models: Mathematical fundamentals and simulation implementations AN - 17007522; 3842179 AB - This review paper gives an overview of the building blocks of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models and their implementation using computer facilities. The approach focuses on the development of a PBPK model with the most important and appropriate limiting steps for the conditions and exposure scenarios under study. In this approach, the assumptions made in constructing the set of equations, as well as the fitting of variables to specific experimental results, need to be accounted for when making extrapolation to other conditions. A well-constructed PBPK model should account for all possible ranges of extrapolation from the development stages so that appropriate experimental studies and assumptions can be designed to handle the intended applications. Two common assumptions are revisited: the flow-limited assumption and the metabolic clearance using Michaelis-Menten kinetics assumption. Computer hardware and software requirements for implementing PBPK models are briefly reviewed. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Hoang, Kim-Chi T AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Cent. Environ. Assess., 401 M St., S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA A2 - Wilson, JD A2 - Cibulas, W A2 - DeRosa, CT A2 - Mumtaz, MM A2 - Murray, E (eds) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 99 EP - 106 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - reviews KW - computer applications KW - mathematical models KW - pharmacokinetics KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17007522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Toxicology+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hoang%2C+Kim-Chi+T&rft.aulast=Hoang&rft.aufirst=Kim-Chi&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+models%3A+Mathematical+fundamentals+and+simulation+implementations&rft.title=Physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+models%3A+Mathematical+fundamentals+and+simulation+implementations&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models; pharmacokinetics; computer applications; reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The national perspective AN - 16984861; 3831494 AB - The nation's clean water program is at a crossroads. For the past 20 years, we have made strongly progress toward cleaner water by controlling discharges from industries and municipalities. To maintain this progress over the next two decades, local, state and federal governments must control diffuse or "non-point" sources of pollution. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Perciasepe, R AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 48 EP - 52 VL - 7 IS - 9 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - industrial wastewater KW - nonpoint pollution sources KW - pollution control KW - storm runoff KW - stormwater runoff KW - water pollution sources KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - environmental protection KW - industrial wastes KW - USA KW - urban runoff KW - water quality control KW - water pollution KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16984861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=The+national+perspective&rft.au=Perciasepe%2C+R&rft.aulast=Perciasepe&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; urban runoff; water quality control; environmental protection; water pollution; pollution control; stormwater runoff; industrial wastewater; storm runoff; nonpoint pollution sources; water pollution sources; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl cotreatment on the disposition of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in mice AN - 16982868; 3827098 AB - Two groups of C57BL/6J mice received a single oral dose of 1 nmol/kg 2,3,7,8-[ super(3)H]tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) alone or in combination with 300 mu mol/kg 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (HxCB). The disposition of TCDD in liver, fat, skin, spleen, lung and blood was studied at days 3, 7, 13 and 34 after dosage. HxCB cotreatment increased hepatic TCDD levels and, consequently, significant increases of the liver/fat distribution ratio were observed. HxCB cotreatment did not significantly affect TCDD levels in fat or other tissues. The elimination rates of TCDD were not influenced by HxCB cotreatment in any of the tissues. It is concluded that HxCB cotreatment alters the body distribution of TCDD in mice but does not influence the elimination rate of TCDD. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - De Jongh, J AU - DeVito, M AU - Diliberto, J AU - Van den Berg, M AU - Birnbaum, L AD - Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 131 EP - 137 VL - 80 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - mice KW - TCDD KW - HxCB KW - 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - liver KW - bioaccumulation KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16982868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+2%2C2%27%2C4%2C4%27%2C5%2C5%27-hexachlorobiphenyl+cotreatment+on+the+disposition+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+in+mice&rft.au=De+Jongh%2C+J%3BDeVito%2C+M%3BDiliberto%2C+J%3BVan+den+Berg%2C+M%3BBirnbaum%2C+L&rft.aulast=De+Jongh&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liver; bioaccumulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring the ecological condition of estuaries in the United States AN - 16877913; 3800330 AB - The purpose of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program/Estuaries component (EMAP-E) is to determine the current status, extent, changes, and trends in ecological indicators of the condition of the nation's estuarine resources on a regional and national basis. Monitoring activities in the Virginian (Mid-Atlantic) and Louisianian (Gulf of Mexico) Provinces focus on measurements describing the benthic community, the fish community, water quality, levels of sediment and tissue contamination, sediment toxicity, wetlands extent/condition, and seagrasses extent/condition. Estuarine monitoring is based on an EMAP-E probability-based sampling design conducted over a 60-day period during July-September of each year. Monitoring activities in the Virginian Province began in 1990 and have continued annually while monitoring in the Louisianian Province was initiated in 1991. The results of 1990 monitoring in the Virginian Province show that 20% of the sediments of the Mid-Atlantic region suffered from poor biological conditions while 15% of the area showed undesirable conditions in relation to poor water clarity and the presence of marine debris. In 1991, 31% of Gulf of Mexico estuarine sediments in the Louisianian Province displayed poor biological conditions, as measured by benthic community structure, and 32% of the area was characterized by poor water clarity, the presence of marine debris, and elevated levels of fish tissue contaminants. Efforts are presently underway to begin to assess degradation "causes" using statistical associations among exposure and stressor data for degraded areas in the two provinces. Monitoring will continue in these provinces, as well as be initiated in the Great Lakes, in 1992 and monitoring in other areas of the country (Carolinian Province, Southeast) is scheduled to begin in 1994. JF - Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry AU - Summers, J K AU - Paul, J F AU - Robertson, A AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Dr., Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 93 EP - 108 VL - 49 IS - 1-2 SN - 0277-2248, 0277-2248 KW - data acquisition KW - data collection KW - data collections KW - ecosystem disturbance KW - environmental conditions KW - environmental monitoring KW - estuarine environment KW - monitoring KW - pollution indicators KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - ASW, USA, Louisiana KW - ANW, USA, Virginia KW - estuaries KW - ecology KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - USA KW - natural resources KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16877913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+and+Environmental+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Monitoring+the+ecological+condition+of+estuaries+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Summers%2C+J+K%3BPaul%2C+J+F%3BRobertson%2C+A&rft.aulast=Summers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+and+Environmental+Chemistry&rft.issn=02772248&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; water quality; environmental monitoring; monitoring; natural resources; pollution indicators; data acquisition; environmental conditions; ecosystem disturbance; data collections; ecology; data collection; estuarine environment; USA; ASW, USA, Louisiana; ANW, USA, Virginia; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of cadmium and nickel in activated sludge AN - 16797672; 3752928 AB - Distribution of cadmium and nickel between operationally defined soluble and solid phases of activated sludge was investigated. The metal sorption process was characterized by describing it quantitatively as a function of time, pH and suspended solids concentration. Reversibility of the sorption process was studied by comparing metal adsorption and desorption edges. The effect of desorption kinetics on hysteresis of nickel was investigated. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms were developed for cadmium and nickel in activated sludge at different pH levels, and sorption capacity of soilds and conditions stability constants for metals-sludge reactions were determined using the Langmuir adsorption model. JF - Water Quality Research Journal of Canada AU - Kodukula, P S AU - Patterson, J W AU - Surampalli, R Y AD - U.S. EPA, P.O. Box 17-2141, Kansas City, KS 66117, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 227 EP - 297 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 1201-3080, 1201-3080 KW - hydrogen ion concentration KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - sorption KW - activated sludge KW - metals KW - nickel KW - cadmium KW - kinetics KW - heavy metals KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16797672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Quality+Research+Journal+of+Canada&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+cadmium+and+nickel+in+activated+sludge&rft.au=Kodukula%2C+P+S%3BPatterson%2C+J+W%3BSurampalli%2C+R+Y&rft.aulast=Kodukula&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Quality+Research+Journal+of+Canada&rft.issn=12013080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sorption; cadmium; nickel; activated sludge; metals; kinetics; hydrogen ion concentration; heavy metals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the cleanup fast-track: Project circumvents superfund AN - 16789614; 3744988 AB - Innovative agreements between EPA and a potentially responsible party (PRP) led to the cleanup of a mine tailing site in South Dakota in only 2.5 years. With an order for a response action, EPA circumvented the costly and time consuming legal procedures under Superfund, used Clean Water Act (CWA) provisions to expedite schedules, and completed a successful pilot project. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Long, D AU - Hagan, M AD - EPA Region 8, Denver, CO, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 29 EP - 30 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA, South Dakota KW - mineral industry KW - water pollution KW - cleanup operations KW - remediation KW - mine wastes KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16789614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=On+the+cleanup+fast-track%3A+Project+circumvents+superfund&rft.au=Long%2C+D%3BHagan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cleanup operations; mine wastes; water pollution; remediation; mineral industry; USA, South Dakota ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fresh as a coal mine: The warning signs of indoor air pollution AN - 16692023; 3698573 AB - In the mid-1980s, a rash of sick workers with similar symptoms at the Environmental Protection Agency's headquarters in Southwest Washington prompted an investigation into the causes of sick building syndrome. While the investigation still continues, the building industry has responded with some design changes to improve ventilation. But ventilation is just one of the problems of a sick building, which range from spore-producing molds to a host of potential sources of chemical pollution. JF - WASH. OFFICE AU - Leclair, V AD - Washington Office, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SN - 1070-275X, 1070-275X KW - USA, Washington, District of Columbia KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - occupational health KW - air pollution KW - ventilation KW - indoor environments KW - pollution effects KW - chemical pollution KW - sick building syndrome KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16692023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WASH.+OFFICE&rft.atitle=Fresh+as+a+coal+mine%3A+The+warning+signs+of+indoor+air+pollution&rft.au=Leclair%2C+V&rft.aulast=Leclair&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=WASH.+OFFICE&rft.issn=1070275X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sick building syndrome; indoor environments; air pollution; occupational health; ventilation; chemical pollution; pollution effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation methods used by the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to prioritize chemicals for testing: Exposure and biological effects scoring and structure activity relationships AN - 15743252; 3973147 AB - The TSCA Interagency Testing Committee (ITC) has made testing decisions for about 40, 000 chemicals by evaluating U.S. Government data needs, and using professional judgement and estimation methods. This paper describes two estimation methods used by the ITC to prioritize chemicals for testing: scoring chemicals for testing: scoring chemicals for exposures and biological effects and using structure-activity relationships (SARs) to identify chemical substructures likely to cause health or ecological effects. Factors, algorithms, scores and criteria for assigning occupational, general population and environmental exposure scores are provided with rationales for their selection. Criteria and rationales for assigning biological scores for acute toxicity, subchronic toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive effects, bioconcentration and ecotoxicity are provided. For SARs, 40 chemical substructures with potential to cause acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive effects, neurotoxicity and membrane irritation are provided as are numerous sources of human exposure data. Incorporation of these substructures and exposure data into the Substructurebased Computerized Chemical Selection Expert System (SuCCSES) is described. These criteria, substructures and estimation methods are presented so that others can use them to prioritize chemicals for testing, risk reduction, pollution prevention, etc. JF - Toxicology Modeling AU - Walker, J D AD - TSCA Interagency Testing Committee (7401), US Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 123 EP - 141 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1354-6724, 1354-6724 KW - structure-activity relationship KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - tests KW - xenobiotics KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15743252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Modeling&rft.atitle=Estimation+methods+used+by+the+TSCA+Interagency+Testing+Committee+to+prioritize+chemicals+for+testing%3A+Exposure+and+biological+effects+scoring+and+structure+activity+relationships&rft.au=Walker%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Modeling&rft.issn=13546724&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity testing; tests; xenobiotics ER - TY - CONF T1 - Acidic deposition in California: findings from a program of monitoring and effects research AN - 15732363; 217095 AB - California's 14-year, $25 million acidic deposition program has studied the causes and effects of acidic air pollutants. In contrast to the eastern United States where sulfur-derived (S-derived) by-products from coal combustion dominate precipitation chemistry, nitrogen-derived (N-derived) acids predominate in wet and dry deposition in California. Adverse effects on the human lung have not been observed after short-term exposures to acidity, but extended exposures to ambient acidity may pose a chronic risk. No irreversible, adverse effects on surface waters in the Sierra Nevada mountain range or to the state's forests have been found due to extant acidic inputs. The longer-term outlook for forests is less certain because the impacts observed elsewhere occurred after decades of S and N deposition, but at lower ambient ozone levels. Ozone is the major air pollutant stressor for forests, but atmospheric N has the potential to cause adverse changes in soil nutrient cycling. Impacts on man-made materials in southern California (e.g., galvanized steel) were found to be minor. While California does not have an ambient air quality standard for acidic air pollutants, emissions of precursors have declined since the 1960's due to changes in industrial practices, improvements in technology, and adoption of control measures for ozone. Lowering emissions from motor vehicles will be emphasized to prevent future increases in N deposition. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Takemoto, Brent K AU - Croes, Bart E AU - Brown, Stephen M AU - Motallebi, Nehzat AU - Westerdahl, Dane F AU - Margolis, Helene G AU - Cahill, Brian T AU - Mueller, Marla D AU - Holmes, John R Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 261 EP - 272 PB - KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS, DORDRECHT, (NETHERLANDS) VL - 85 IS - 1 KW - Acid deposition KW - Air quality KW - California KW - Deposition fluxes KW - Gas emissions KW - Ground vehicles KW - Health hazards KW - Material damage KW - Nitrogen compounds KW - Ozone KW - Sulfur compounds KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Acids KW - Environmental impact KW - Weathering KW - Standards KW - Monitoring KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 451.1:AIR POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 804.2:INORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES KW - W4 803:CHEMICAL AGENTS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15732363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acidic+deposition+in+California%3A+findings+from+a+program+of+monitoring+and+effects+research&rft.au=Takemoto%2C+Brent+K%3BCroes%2C+Bart+E%3BBrown%2C+Stephen+M%3BMotallebi%2C+Nehzat%3BWesterdahl%2C+Dane+F%3BMargolis%2C+Helene+G%3BCahill%2C+Brian+T%3BMueller%2C+Marla+D%3BHolmes%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Takemoto&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption on wastewater solids: elimination of biological activity AN - 13659959; 199504396 AB - The effect of pretreatment with cyanide and/or pasteurization of wastewater solids on sorption isotherms was determined. Apparent sorption capacities for organics on biomass could be greatly affected by biological activity if the solids were not pretreated to eliminate biodegradation. Pasteurization and cyanide treatment were both effective in eliminating biological activity, however, pasteurization was preferred to the more toxic cyanide treatment. JF - Water Environment Research AU - Dobbs, R A AU - Shan, Y AU - Wang, L AU - Govind, R AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 327 EP - 329 VL - 67 IS - 3 SN - 0161-4303, 0161-4303 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13659959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+Research&rft.atitle=Sorption+on+wastewater+solids%3A+elimination+of+biological+activity&rft.au=Dobbs%2C+R+A%3BShan%2C+Y%3BWang%2C+L%3BGovind%2C+R&rft.aulast=Dobbs&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+Research&rft.issn=01614303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combined sewer overflow control using storage in seawater AN - 13657533; 199503839 AB - The use of the Flow Balance Method (FBM) to control a combined sewer overflow at Fresh creek, Brooklyn, New York City, was studied. A statistically-based efficiency evaluation was carried out. The FBM used containment within a receiving water body, in this case sea water, to store the overflow, prior to pumping to a sewage treatment works. The efficiency evaluation used a mass balance in a Monte Carlo model to calculate probable volumes of sea water in the pump-back, and hence the efficiency of the system. Analysis of the FBM included a study of the reliability of using specific conductivity to determine the volume of water in the pump-back and of the sensitivity of the predicted efficiency to variation in the parameters used. JF - Water Research AU - Field, R AU - Pit, R AU - Brown, M AU - O'Connor, T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Edison, N.J. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1505 EP - 1514 VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Analysis KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13657533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Combined+sewer+overflow+control+using+storage+in+seawater&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BPit%2C+R%3BBrown%2C+M%3BO%27Connor%2C+T&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1505&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional scale trend monitoring of indicators of trophic condition of lakes AN - 13656621; 199503722 AB - Conditions and trends in U.S. ecological resources were monitored on the basis of probability samples of the resource population of interest, such as a random sample of lakes, on which measurements were made during an index period. Major components of variance and their magnitude were estimated for indicators of the trophic condition of lakes to illustrate the process. Models for trend detection were also used to demonstrate the sensitivity of the proposed trend detection design. Trends in common indicators of trophic condition should be detectable within about a decade, including Secchi disk transparency and total phosphorus, though chlorophyll-a would take longer. There are 62 references. JF - Water Resources Bulletin AU - Larsen, D P AU - Urquhart, N S AU - Kugler, D L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 117 EP - 140 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1370, 0043-1370 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13656621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Regional+scale+trend+monitoring+of+indicators+of+trophic+condition+of+lakes&rft.au=Larsen%2C+D+P%3BUrquhart%2C+N+S%3BKugler%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.issn=00431370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Chesapeake bay story: the science behind the program AN - 13654686; 199505146 AB - The history of attempts to arrest the decline of water quality in Chesapeake bay is reviewed. Initial research led to the 1983 Chesapeake Bay Agreement which called on relevant jurisdictions to focus existing pollution control programmes on reducing nutrient loads to the bay. A second agreement signed in 1987 contained 27 specific goals, including a reduction in 1985 loads to the bay by 40 per cent by the year 2000. High-quality monitoring data were ensured by establishing a strong quality assurance and quality control procedure. To assist with monitoring, a computer program was developed to evaluate the quality of field and laboratory data and to allow their direct input to Chesapeake Bay Program computers. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Shuyler, L R AU - Linker, L C AU - Walters, C P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Annapolis, Md. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 133 EP - 139 VL - 31 IS - 8 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13654686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=The+Chesapeake+bay+story%3A+the+science+behind+the+program&rft.au=Shuyler%2C+L+R%3BLinker%2C+L+C%3BWalters%2C+C+P&rft.aulast=Shuyler&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ps in TCM - the fuel of change AN - 13648327; 199601579 AB - The philosophy and concepts underlying Total Catchment Management (TCM), also known as Integrated Catchment Management, are examined. TCM recognized that the interaction and interdependence of natural resources needed to be reflected in management systems and processes. Most of New South Wales was covered by Catchment Management Committees, neutral bodies which facilitated and co-ordinated the implementation of changes in behaviour and practices. JF - Water (Australia) AU - Clarke, A AD - NSW EPA, Wollongong East Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 26 EP - 28 VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0310-0367, 0310-0367 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13648327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+%28Australia%29&rft.atitle=Ps+in+TCM+-+the+fuel+of+change&rft.au=Clarke%2C+A&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+%28Australia%29&rft.issn=03100367&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wastewater collection systems for small communities AN - 13646809; 199603345 AB - For low population density rural areas, wastewater collection systems using small diameter, lightweight, shallow piping were efficient and economic alternatives to conventional gravity sewers. Pressure, vacuum and small diameter gravity sewers could be used. The systems are described together with their design criteria, costs and applicability. JF - Water Resources Journal AU - Kreissl, J F AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 64 EP - 71 IS - 184 SN - 0377-8053, 0377-8053 KW - Pipes (see also conduits, drains, pipelines,sewers) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13646809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Journal&rft.atitle=Wastewater+collection+systems+for+small+communities&rft.au=Kreissl%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Kreissl&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=184&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Journal&rft.issn=03778053&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorus removal in ponds AN - 13643405; 199602370 AB - Operational data were obtained on 32 municipal wastewater lagoon treatment systems in Minnesota and Michigan which removed phosphorus by chemical addition to evaluate performance and identify problems. Chemicals typically used were alum, ferrous and ferric chlorides, lime and various polymers. The chemicals were added either in the secondary cells of the facultative lagoons or in the mixing chamber between the lagoon cells and the final clarifier. The method generally worked adequately, with effluent phosphorus below 1 mg per litre in all but 2 of the systems evaluated. Alum and ferric chloride were the most effective chemicals. No deleterious accumulation of sludge was noted. Secondary benefits of chemical dosing were lower BOD and suspended solids in the final effluents. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Banerji, S K AU - Pycha, C J AU - Lopez, E R AD - U.S. EPA, Kansas City, Kans. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 331 EP - 339 VL - 31 IS - 12 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13643405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Phosphorus+removal+in+ponds&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BBanerji%2C+S+K%3BPycha%2C+C+J%3BLopez%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of acidification on the concentrations of heavy metals in running waters in Sweden AN - 13642658; 199604704 AB - The effect of soil acidification on concentrations of heavy metals in streams and rivers was monitored at around 80 locations in Sweden. In southern Sweden, acidification brought about a marked increase in the leakage of zinc and cadmium from soils to waters. Increased leaching from forest soils also influenced concentrations in rivers in southern Sweden. In periods of high water flow, pH values in rivers decreased and concentrations of zinc and cadmium increased. Acidification effects on zinc and cadmium were less evident in northern Sweden. Links between acidification and levels of lead and copper in watercourses were much weaker. These metals responded more to organic matter contents in waters. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Johansson, K AU - Bringmark, E AU - Lindevall, L AU - Wilander, A AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 779 EP - 784 VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13642658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Effects+of+acidification+on+the+concentrations+of+heavy+metals+in+running+waters+in+Sweden&rft.au=Johansson%2C+K%3BBringmark%2C+E%3BLindevall%2C+L%3BWilander%2C+A&rft.aulast=Johansson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=779&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Re-liming and re-acidification effects on lakewater, chemistry, plankton and macrophytes AN - 13642324; 199604631 AB - A long term investigation of limed and later re-acidified lakewater was carried out at Ravekarrs Langevatten lake in south-west Sweden. Lake liming reduced levels of aluminium, cadmium and zinc, allowing pH-sensitive species to survive. However, liming also mobilized nutrients and caused internal eutrophication which could produce macrophyte expansion in shallow lakes. Subsequent re-acidification destroyed much of the flora and fauna which were successful during limited conditions, as a result of lowered pH and enhanced levels of toxic metals (aluminium, cadmium and zinc). Sediments provided only temporary sinks for metals and nutrients. The study suggested that surface waters should be limed before they reached lakes. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Dickson, W AU - Borg, H AU - Ekstrom, C AU - Hornstrom, E AU - Gronlund, T AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 919 EP - 924 VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Lime treatment KW - Plants (see also aquatic macrophytes, grps below) KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13642324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Re-liming+and+re-acidification+effects+on+lakewater%2C+chemistry%2C+plankton+and+macrophytes&rft.au=Dickson%2C+W%3BBorg%2C+H%3BEkstrom%2C+C%3BHornstrom%2C+E%3BGronlund%2C+T&rft.aulast=Dickson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=919&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for treating acid groundwater results and evaluation of long-term tests AN - 13642224; 199604670 AB - Seven in-situ and 8 types of filtration methods of treating acidified groundwater before use as potable water are briefly described and their effectiveness evaluated. The in-situ methods sought to raise the alkalinity of infiltration or re-infiltration water with limestone or slaked lime. Beds or trenches of limestone close to the well performed best and avoided excessively high pH values. In the filtration devices, water was passed through a bed of limestone or dolomite before leaving the well, or after abstraction and before use. Most achieved an alkalinity of 60 mg per litre, the least successful being a device installed below the water table. Most treatments reduced the concentrations of aluminium and iron. In general, users of private wells would find filtration devices more convenient and effective for correcting acidic water than in-situ methods. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Bertills, U AU - Sundlof, B AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1849 EP - 1854 VL - 85 IS - 3 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Equipment KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13642224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Methods+for+treating+acid+groundwater+results+and+evaluation+of+long-term+tests&rft.au=Bertills%2C+U%3BSundlof%2C+B&rft.aulast=Bertills&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1849&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER -