TY - JOUR T1 - A model for diffusion controlled bioavailability of crude oil components. AN - 79653961; 15765608 AB - Crude oil is a complex mixture of several different structural classes of compounds including alkanes, aromatics, heterocyclic polar compounds, and asphaltenes. The rate and extent of microbial degradation of crude oil depends on the interaction between the physical and biochemical properties of the biodegradable compounds and their interactions with the non-biodegradable fraction. In this study we have systematically altered the concentration of non-biodegradable material in the crude oil and analyzed its impact on transport of the biodegradable components of crude oil to the microorganisms. We have also developed a mathematical model that explains and accounts for the dependence of biodegradation of crude oil through a putative bioavailability parameter. Experimental results indicate that as the asphaltene concentration in oil increases, the maximum oxygen uptake in respirometers decreases. The mathematically fitted bioavailability parameter of degradable components of oil also decreases as the asphaltene concentration increases. JF - Biodegradation AU - Uraizee, F A AU - Venosa, A D AU - Suidan, M T AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 287 EP - 296 VL - 8 IS - 5 SN - 0923-9820, 0923-9820 KW - Petroleum KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Statistical KW - Diffusion KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Water Microbiology KW - Petroleum -- metabolism KW - Petroleum -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79653961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodegradation&rft.atitle=A+model+for+diffusion+controlled+bioavailability+of+crude+oil+components.&rft.au=Uraizee%2C+F+A%3BVenosa%2C+A+D%3BSuidan%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Uraizee&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodegradation&rft.issn=09239820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-11 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Summary of measured radiofrequency electric and magnetic fields (10 kHz to 30 GHz) in the general and work environment. AN - 79426212; 9383245 AB - We have plotted data from a number of studies on the range of radiofrequency (RF) field levels associated with a variety of environmental and occupational sources. Field intensity is shown in units of volts/meter (V/m) for electric field strength and amps/meter (A/m) for magnetic field strength. Duty factors, modulation frequencies, and modulation indices are also reported for some sources. This paper is organized into seven sections, each cataloging sources into appropriate RF frequency bands from very-low frequency (VLF) to super-high frequency (SHF), and covers frequencies from 10 kHz to 30 GHz. Sources included in this summary are the following: Coast Guard navigational transmitters, a Navy VLF transmitter, computer visual display terminals (VDTs), induction stoves or range tops, industrial induction and dielectric heaters, radio and television broadcast transmitters, amateur and citizens band (CB) transmitters, medical diathermy and electrosurgical units, mobile and handheld transmitters, cordless and cellular telephones, microwave ovens, microwave terrestrial relay and satellite uplinks, and police, air traffic, and aircraft onboard radars. For the sources included in this summary, the strongest fields are found near industrial induction and dielectric heaters, and close to the radiating elements or transmitter leads of high power antenna systems. Handheld transmitters can produce near fields of about 500 V/m at the antenna. Fields in the general urban environment are principally associated with radio and TV broadcast services and measure about 0.1 V/m root-mean-square (rms). Peak fields from air traffic radars sampled in one urban environment were about 10 V/m, 300 times greater than the rms value of 0.03 V/m when the duty factor associated with antenna rotation and pulsing are factored in. JF - Bioelectromagnetics AU - Mantiply, E D AU - Pohl, K R AU - Poppell, S W AU - Murphy, J A AD - National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601, USA. mantiply.edwin@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 563 EP - 577 VL - 18 IS - 8 SN - 0197-8462, 0197-8462 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Radio Waves KW - Occupational Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Electromagnetic Fields KW - Microwaves KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Occupational Exposure -- classification KW - Environmental Exposure -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79426212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.atitle=Summary+of+measured+radiofrequency+electric+and+magnetic+fields+%2810+kHz+to+30+GHz%29+in+the+general+and+work+environment.&rft.au=Mantiply%2C+E+D%3BPohl%2C+K+R%3BPoppell%2C+S+W%3BMurphy%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Mantiply&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=563&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.issn=01978462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulmonary functions of school children in highly polluted northern Bohemia. AN - 78840707; 9039859 AB - The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether pulmonary function in children who were lifetime residents of the highly polluted district of Teplice in northern Bohemia was lower than that for children who were lifetime residents of the cleaner district of Prachatice in southern Bohemia. Forced expiratory spirometry was measured twice (February/March and April) in approximately 235 eighth-grade students in each district. On both testing occasions, height-adjusted forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% forced vital capacity were significantly lower (p < .001) in children from Teplice than in those from Prachatice. These differences were not associated with parental smoking habits, presence of pets, heating/cooking fuels, private home/apartment residency, or rural/urban residency. In Teplice, no differences were observed between lung functions measured at the end of the high pollution season (February/March) and those measured after the children breathed much cleaner air for a 4-wk period (April). This result was suggestive of a condition of chronically depressed lung function. No differences across times were observed in Prachatice, indicating that our measurements were reliable. JF - Archives of environmental health AU - Horstman, D AU - Kotesovec, F AU - Vitnerova, N AU - Leixner, M AU - Nozicka, J AU - Smitkova, D AU - Sram, R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Human Studies Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 56 EP - 62 VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0003-9896, 0003-9896 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Czech Republic KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78840707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+functions+of+school+children+in+highly+polluted+northern+Bohemia.&rft.au=Horstman%2C+D%3BKotesovec%2C+F%3BVitnerova%2C+N%3BLeixner%2C+M%3BNozicka%2C+J%3BSmitkova%2C+D%3BSram%2C+R&rft.aulast=Horstman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.issn=00039896&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-14 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrochemistry of forested catchments AN - 52638648; 1998-007266 JF - Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences AU - Church, M Robbins Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 23 EP - 59 PB - Annual Reviews, Palo Alto, CA VL - 25 SN - 0084-6597, 0084-6597 KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - biochemistry KW - watersheds KW - ecosystems KW - research KW - hydrochemistry KW - movement KW - drainage basins KW - geochemistry KW - review KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52638648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Earth+and+Planetary+Sciences&rft.atitle=Hydrochemistry+of+forested+catchments&rft.au=Church%2C+M+Robbins&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Earth+and+Planetary+Sciences&rft.issn=00846597&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/loi/earth LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 158 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AREPCI N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; drainage basins; ecosystems; forests; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; movement; processes; research; review; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aqueous geochemistry of contaminated groundwater in a glaciated terrain AN - 52591784; 1998-043179 AB - The studied area is a solid waste landfill site from 1958 to 1984, located at Montville, Medina County, Ohio, and is bounded by an interstate and a state highway. The landfill accepted municipal refuse, and liquid and hazardous wastes from industrial generators, which was placed directly above the bedrock of Pennsylvanian and Mississippian age and within the Pleistocene glacial tills.Groundwater is high in total dissolved solids (TDS) varying from 440 to 2,100 parts per million (ppm) and high in sulfate varying from 26 to 880 ppm in monitoring wells. This appears unrelated to leachates because residential drinking wells further away from the site have similar characteristics. High Na concentrations could come from salt used for ice and snow control because Cl is also high for corresponding samples.By comparing upgradient and downgradient wells, it appears that VOC and semiVOC contamination, other than lowering BOD and COD, did not impact significantly on the inorganic chemistry of the groundwater with large amounts of TDS. The pH variations of these wells are minimal.There is no significant difference between upgradient and downgradient wells in trace elements determined. However, Ca, Mg, and trivalent cation Al, and Sc are more variable at the Montville site as compared to a site located entirely within Pennsylvanian rocks. This could be related to the more complicated groundwater flow paths at Montville with a highly conductive Pennsylvanian sandstone bedrock, and the less conductive, discontinuous overlain glacial tills. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Antonelli, Lawrence J AU - Chyi, L Lynn AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 135 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - Pennsylvanian KW - landfills KW - sandstone KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - Medina County Ohio KW - sedimentary rocks KW - aluminum KW - glacial environment KW - sediments KW - rare earths KW - solid waste KW - geochemistry KW - Ohio KW - bedrock KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - Paleozoic KW - Carboniferous KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - till KW - hydrochemistry KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Montville Ohio KW - metals KW - volatile organic compounds KW - scandium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - clastic rocks KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52591784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Aqueous+geochemistry+of+contaminated+groundwater+in+a+glaciated+terrain&rft.au=Antonelli%2C+Lawrence+J%3BChyi%2C+L+Lynn%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Antonelli&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aluminum; bedrock; calcium; Carboniferous; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; drinking water; geochemistry; glacial environment; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; landfills; magnesium; Medina County Ohio; metals; Montville Ohio; Ohio; organic compounds; Paleozoic; Pennsylvanian; pollutants; pollution; rare earths; sandstone; scandium; sedimentary rocks; sediments; solid waste; solutes; sulfate ion; till; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste disposal; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stabilization of aridland soils; the role of biological soil crusts AN - 52586276; 1998-043618 AB - Cyanobacterial-lichen soil crusts occur in semi-arid and arid regions around the world. These crusts generally play a critical role in stabilizing sediments. Using a portable wind tunnel, wind erosion susceptibility was measured in undisturbed and differentially disturbed crusts in both warm and cold deserts in the western US. It was found that while undisturbed crusts are almost never impacted by typical winds found in these regions, disturbance left soils vulnerable to wind erosion for up to 10 years. Examination of crustal microstructure showed that both biomass and photosynthetic activity was concentrated in the top 3 mm of the soil surface. Sandblasting by soils from nearby disturbed areas can quickly remove this amount of material from the soil surface, thereby potentially removing much of the cyanobacterial biomass concentrated there. As these crusts contribute substantial nitrogen and carbon to desert regions, erosion of these surfaces can result in greatly reduced site productivity and fertility. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Belnap, Jayne AU - Pichel-Garcia, Ferran AU - Gillette, Dale AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 140 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - soils KW - cyanobacteria KW - weathering crust KW - stabilization KW - photosynthesis KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - terrestrial environment KW - erosion KW - biomass KW - arid environment KW - semi-arid environment KW - photochemistry KW - wind erosion KW - nitrogen KW - sedimentary rocks KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - soil erosion KW - productivity KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52586276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Stabilization+of+aridland+soils%3B+the+role+of+biological+soil+crusts&rft.au=Belnap%2C+Jayne%3BPichel-Garcia%2C+Ferran%3BGillette%2C+Dale%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Belnap&rft.aufirst=Jayne&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; biomass; carbon; chemically precipitated rocks; cyanobacteria; erosion; nitrogen; photochemistry; photosynthesis; productivity; sedimentary rocks; sediments; semi-arid environment; soil erosion; soils; stabilization; terrestrial environment; weathering crust; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solute-transport parameter estimation for karst conduits using a two-region nonequilibrium model AN - 52577095; 1998-051539 AB - Karst aquifers represent the most heterogeneous and anisotropic aquifer systems. Solute transport through karst aquifers occurs primarily via conduits and is conditioned on the set of hydraulic and geometric parameters that describe various transport processes within conduits. These parameters include residence time, advection, dispersion, sorption, volume, cross-sectional area, and surface area and may be estimated through comprehensive analysis of breakthrough curves.Solute-transport modeling in karst aquifers using a two-region nonequilibrium model that accounts for partitioning of solute into mobile- and immobile-fluid regions in conduits was used to refine initial parameter estimates for five example data sets. Initial parameter estimates were obtained from analysis of the breakthrough curves. Solute partitioning into mobile- and immobile-fluid regions causes an increase in flow velocity and a decrease in longitudinal dispersion estimates. The computer program, CXTFIT2.0, implements the nonequilibrium model and was effectively used to fit model curves to the example breakthrough curves. Although originally designed to evaluate solute transport through aggregated soils, CXTFIT2.0 was found to be appropriate for modeling solute transport through conduits. Assumptions include flow through a Type I karst network, 100% volumetric water content for flooded conduits, and that only immobile fluid contacts available sorption sites. Model simulations for the five example breakthrough curves suggest that improved estimates for flow velocity and longitudinal dispersion may be obtained, and consequently, reliable estimates describing mobile-fluid velocity, dispersion, and volumetric water content for the mobile-fluid region maybe achieved if the overlying assumptions are not greatly violated. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Field, Malcolm S AU - Davies, Gareth J AU - Pinsky, Paul F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 184 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - karst hydrology KW - data processing KW - CXTFIT2.0 KW - karst KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - partitioning KW - velocity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52577095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Solute-transport+parameter+estimation+for+karst+conduits+using+a+two-region+nonequilibrium+model&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S%3BDavies%2C+Gareth+J%3BPinsky%2C+Paul+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; computer programs; CXTFIT2.0; data processing; geometry; ground water; karst; karst hydrology; models; partitioning; soils; solute transport; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field demonstration of reactive chemical barriers to control radionuclide and trace-element contamination in ground water, Fry Canyon, Utah AN - 52571057; 1998-057456 AB - The Fry Canyon site in southeastern Utah has been selected as a long-term field demonstration site to assess the performance of selected reactive chemical barriers (RCBs) for the removal of uranium (U) and other trace elements from ground water. A RCB is a subsurface zone of reactive material that allows ground water to flow through it while immobilizing or destroying contamination. Project partners at the Fry Canyon site include the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Department of Energy (DOE), Utah Department of Environmental Quality (UDEQ), and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Objectives of the project include: (1) hydrologic and geochemical characterization of the site prior to emplacement of barriers; (2) design, installation, and operation of selected reaction-barrier technologies; and (3) evaluation of barrier(s) performance and commercialization potential. Objective (1) has been completed. The conceptualization of how ground water moves through the aquifer at the site was demonstrated with a one-layer flow model of the system. Ground water moves at a rate of about 1.5 feet per day nearly parallel to the streamflow direction. Recharge from precipitation and stream-channel underflow moves through the colluvial sediments overlying the Cedar Mesa Sandstone and discharges into Fry Creek. The U concentrations in the shallow colluvial aquifer range from 60 micrograms per liter (ug/L) at a background well to 16,300 ug/L beneath the tailings. Installation of three RCBs to demonstrate removal of U is planned for July 1997 using funnel and gate construction techniques. Reactive materials to be evaluated include zero valent iron, amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide, and phosphate. Each reactive barrier will contain 22 monitoring points, a water-quality minimonitor, four pressure transducers, and an in-situ flow sensor. Hydrologic and geochemical data collected during the initial demonstration period will be presented. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Naftz, D L AU - Freethey, G W AU - Feltcorn, E AU - Wilhelm, R AU - Morris, S J AU - Davis, J A AU - Fuller, C C AU - Joye, J AU - Breeden, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 335 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - mining KW - technology KW - isotopes KW - characterization KW - Fry Canyon KW - ground water KW - southeastern Utah KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mining geology KW - movement KW - sediments KW - trace elements KW - geochemistry KW - disposal barriers KW - colluvium KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - metals KW - Utah KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - actinides KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52571057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Field+demonstration+of+reactive+chemical+barriers+to+control+radionuclide+and+trace-element+contamination+in+ground+water%2C+Fry+Canyon%2C+Utah&rft.au=Naftz%2C+D+L%3BFreethey%2C+G+W%3BFeltcorn%2C+E%3BWilhelm%2C+R%3BMorris%2C+S+J%3BDavis%2C+J+A%3BFuller%2C+C+C%3BJoye%2C+J%3BBreeden%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Naftz&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; characterization; clastic sediments; colluvium; design; disposal barriers; Fry Canyon; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotopes; metals; mining; mining geology; models; movement; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sediments; southeastern Utah; technology; trace elements; United States; uranium; Utah; waste disposal; water quality; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of photoreactions in controlling rates of biodegradation of estuarine dissolved organic matter AN - 52568873; 1998-057411 AB - Synergism between photochemical and biological processes can regulate the rate of biodegradation of refractory components of DOM in estuarine and coastal environments. One mechanism for this synergism is photodegradation of DOM into smaller, more biologically labile compounds that are readily incorporated into the microbial loop. A second is the photochemical formation of labile nitrogen species from DON which can further stimulate biodegradation of high C:N ratio organic matter in N-limited coastal systems. The interaction between biological and photochemical degradation is a continuing process, such that short, intermittent exposures to sunlight can repeatedly stimulate biodegradation of DOM. Furthermore, the susceptibility of DOM to photochemical "conditioning" does not appear to be limited to the highly-colored (humic substances) component, since smaller, less aromatic compounds (e.g., hydrophilic acids) are equally or more susceptible to photolysis into biologically labile forms. More complete information on the interaction between biological and photochemical processes in the biodegradation of DOM may be important for understanding the fate of terrestrial DOM in the ocean, a poorly known aspect of the oceanic carbon cycle. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Moran, Mary Ann AU - Miller, William L AU - Bushaw, Karen L AU - Zepp, Richard G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 18 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - thallophytes KW - processes KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - terrestrial environment KW - solutes KW - rates KW - humic acids KW - geochemical cycle KW - controls KW - photodegradation KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - coastal environment KW - carbon cycle KW - estuarine environment KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52568873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Role+of+photoreactions+in+controlling+rates+of+biodegradation+of+estuarine+dissolved+organic+matter&rft.au=Moran%2C+Mary+Ann%3BMiller%2C+William+L%3BBushaw%2C+Karen+L%3BZepp%2C+Richard+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; carbon; carbon cycle; coastal environment; controls; estuarine environment; geochemical cycle; humic acids; humic substances; organic acids; organic compounds; photodegradation; Plantae; processes; rates; solutes; terrestrial environment; thallophytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral surface-catalyzed hydrolysis of agrochemicals AN - 52556858; 1998-066726 AB - Current crop and animal production practices employ a wide variety of biologically active compounds, including insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, sterilants, and antibiotics. Most of these compounds eventually come into contact with soils. Our objective is to understand how mineral surfaces and other soil constituents influence pathways and rates of degradation. Mineral surfaces serve as hydrolysis catalysts by adsorbing the organic substrate, the attacking nucleophile (usually H (sub 2) O or OH-), or both reactants. Organic substrate adsorption in most cases involves bond formation between Lewis Base groups of the substrate with metal atoms residing on the mineral surface. Surfaces comprised of "hard" metal ions (e.g. AlIII, TiIV, FeIII) show a preference for coordinating oxygen-containing groups, followed by nitrogen-containing groups; sulfur-containing groups adsorb poorly. H (sub 2) O and OH- adsorption is believed to occur on all mineral surfaces in contact with water. The nature and reactivity of adsorbed H (sub 2) O and OH-, however, is poorly understood. Laboratory studies of surface-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions of carboxylic acid esters, amides, hydrazides, carbamates, substituted ureas, phosphate triesters, phosphothioate triesters, and other agrochemicals help shed light on the nature and reactivity of mineral surfaces. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Stone, Alan T AU - Huang, Ching-Hua AU - Smolen, Jean M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 357 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - soils KW - insecticides KW - antibiotics KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - herbicides KW - sterilants KW - hydrolysis KW - rates KW - fungicides KW - adsorption KW - hydroxyl ion KW - reactivity KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - catalysis KW - chemical reactions KW - agrochemicals KW - carboxylic acids KW - pesticides KW - kinetics KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52556858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Mineral+surface-catalyzed+hydrolysis+of+agrochemicals&rft.au=Yu%2C+Y+Shane%3BBailey%2C+George+W&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; agrochemicals; antibiotics; carboxylic acids; catalysis; chemical reactions; degradation; experimental studies; fungicides; herbicides; hydrolysis; hydroxyl ion; insecticides; kinetics; organic acids; organic compounds; pesticides; rates; reactivity; soils; sterilants; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An examination of the anatomy of a chlorinated solvent plume; a Superfund site case study AN - 52509382; 1999-009617 AB - Accidental and deliberate disposal of chlorinated solvents caused a highly productive glacial-drift aquifer in Milford, New Hampshire to be contaminated, and lead to the abandonment of a municipal water supply well. These contaminants entered the subsurface both as dissolved and free phase liquids over time and at several locations. Seasonal variations in the stream-aquifer system coupled with changes in groundwater pumping patterns profoundly influence the contaminant plume configuration. The observed plume exceeds 1600 meters in length, has a maximum width of over 730 meters, and a maximum thickness in excess of 24 meters. Highest observed contaminant concentrations exceed 117 mg/L for PCE. Detailed vertical profiling and monitoring well water sample data are being used to help design a slurry wall containment system for the DNAPL source area, and groundwater extraction systems for the dissolved plume. A neutral buoyancy surfactant flushing test is planned for the DNAPL source area. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Willey, Richard E AU - Harte, Philip T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 123 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - plumes KW - contaminant plumes KW - site exploration KW - pumping KW - drift KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ground water KW - buoyancy KW - New Hampshire KW - solvents KW - sediments KW - thickness KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water supply KW - patterns KW - monitoring KW - clastic sediments KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - Milford New Hampshire KW - dissolved materials KW - Hillsborough County New Hampshire KW - seasonal variations KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52509382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=An+examination+of+the+anatomy+of+a+chlorinated+solvent+plume%3B+a+Superfund+site+case+study&rft.au=Willey%2C+Richard+E%3BHarte%2C+Philip+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Willey&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; buoyancy; case studies; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; contaminant plumes; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; dissolved materials; drift; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hillsborough County New Hampshire; Milford New Hampshire; monitoring; New Hampshire; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; patterns; plumes; pollutants; pollution; pumping; seasonal variations; sediments; site exploration; solvents; Superfund; tetrachloroethylene; thickness; United States; water supply; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of aromatic acids and phospholipid-ester-linked fatty acids for delineation of processes affecting an aquifer contaminated with JP-4 fuel AN - 52421073; 1999-069278 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Fang, Jiasong AU - Barcelona, Michael J AU - West, Candida A2 - Eganhouse, Robert P. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 65 EP - 76 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 671 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - United States KW - metabolites KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - degradation KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - ground water KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - esters KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - BTEX KW - aquifers KW - Wurtsmith Air Force Base KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - phospholipids KW - Oscoda County Michigan KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - Michigan KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52421073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=The+use+of+aromatic+acids+and+phospholipid-ester-linked+fatty+acids+for+delineation+of+processes+affecting+an+aquifer+contaminated+with+JP-4+fuel&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L%3BBuckley%2C+T%3BPellizzari%2C+E%3BGordon%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 212th national meeting of the American Chemical Society ; symposium on Application of molecular markers in environmental geochemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; biodegradation; BTEX; degradation; esters; fatty acids; ground water; hydrocarbons; lipids; metabolites; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; military facilities; organic acids; organic compounds; Oscoda County Michigan; petroleum products; phospholipids; pollutants; pollution; United States; Wurtsmith Air Force Base ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field estimation of hydraulic conductivitiy for assessments of natural attenuation AN - 52393840; 2000-014773 AB - A Geoprobe is a sampling tool that drives hollow steel rods into the earth to serve as a temporary ground water monitoring well. The rods are threaded to allow them to be joined together, and the leading rod is slotted to admit the ground water being sampled. A simple technique was developed by EPA staff that uses a Geoprobe to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of the depth interval that provides the water sample. The approach can be used where ground water can be sampled by suction lift using a pump on the surface. JF - Bioremediation AU - Wilson, John T AU - Cho, Jong S AU - Beck, Frank P AU - Vardy, James A AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 309 EP - 314 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - water quality KW - slug tests KW - contaminant plumes KW - Geoprobe KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - techniques KW - porous materials KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - pump tests KW - attenuation KW - drawdown KW - sediments KW - natural attenuation KW - risk assessment KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Field+estimation+of+hydraulic+conductivitiy+for+assessments+of+natural+attenuation&rft.au=Wilson%2C+John+T%3BCho%2C+Jong+S%3BBeck%2C+Frank+P%3BVardy%2C+James+A%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; attenuation; contaminant plumes; drawdown; Geoprobe; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; natural attenuation; observation wells; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; pump tests; remediation; risk assessment; sediments; slug tests; techniques; water quality; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and testing of a bench-scale composting system for treatment of hazardous waste AN - 52393641; 2000-014723 AB - The U.S. EPA has developed bench-scale reactors to study bioremediation of contaminated soils by composting at its Test & Evaluation (T&E) Facility in Cincinnati, OH. In-vessel composters serve as diagnostic tools to estimate the treatment capability of larger systems. Current research investigates the ability of microorganisms to biodegrade polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in compost reactors. In-vessel composting of creosote-contaminated soil reduced concentrations of 2-4 ring PAHs by an average of 74%. Despite large biomass increases during the first 4 weeks of composting, no removal of 5&6 ring PAHs occurred during the 12-week treatment period. Thermophilic temperatures in the composters might have inhibited PAH degradation. JF - Bioremediation AU - Potter, Carl L AU - Glaser, John A AU - Dosani, Majid A AU - Krishnan, Srinivas AU - Radha Krishnan, E AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 85 EP - 90 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - biomass KW - creosote KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - composting KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - testing KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Design+and+testing+of+a+bench-scale+composting+system+for+treatment+of+hazardous+waste&rft.au=Potter%2C+Carl+L%3BGlaser%2C+John+A%3BDosani%2C+Majid+A%3BKrishnan%2C+Srinivas%3BRadha+Krishnan%2C+E%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; biodegradation; biomass; bioremediation; composting; concentration; creosote; hazardous waste; hydrocarbons; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; soil treatment; soils; techniques; testing; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Injection of surfactant/oxygen microbubbles as a delivery system for in situ bioremediation AN - 52393619; 2000-014828 AB - The rate of biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons at many sites is limited by oxygen availability in the saturated and unsaturated zones. Increasing the oxygen concentration in the contaminated zones by delivery techniques such as bioventing and biosparging have been shown to increase the rate of degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Injection of oxygen microbubbles was investigated as an oxygen delivery system for the in-situ biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the saturated and unsaturated zones. Laboratory and field tests indicate that a foam consisting of 50 to 100 micron surfactant/gas microbubbles could be continuously injected into an aquifer consisting of fine grained unconsolidated sediments. The tests indicate that the microbubbles are persistent in the aquifer longer and have different migration characteristics than air bubbles injected by typical air sparging techniques. JF - Bioremediation AU - Leigh, Daniel P AU - Jerger, Douglas E AU - Woodhull, Patrick M AU - Lewis, Ronald F AU - Becvar, Erica S AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 603 EP - 608 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - soils KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - soil venting KW - pollutants KW - soil vapor extraction KW - injection KW - bubbles KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - biosparging KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Injection+of+surfactant%2Foxygen+microbubbles+as+a+delivery+system+for+in+situ+bioremediation&rft.au=Leigh%2C+Daniel+P%3BJerger%2C+Douglas+E%3BWoodhull%2C+Patrick+M%3BLewis%2C+Ronald+F%3BBecvar%2C+Erica+S%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Leigh&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=603&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; biosparging; bubbles; degradation; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; injection; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; soil venting; soils; surfactants; techniques; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing protocol for availability, biokinetics and treatment end-points AN - 52393401; 2000-014748 AB - Laboratory studies provide critical information on biodegradation rates and can be used for determining the effect of additives (surfactants, inducers, nutrients) and in establishing design of pilot and field-scale bioremediation systems. Based on our previous studies with soils freshly spiked with PAHs, a multilevel testing protocol was developed to quantitate adsorption/desorption rates and equilibria, biokinetic rates in soil slurry and compacted soil reactors and obtain natural attenuation rates using microcosms. In this paper, results are presented on the application of this testing protocol to an aged soil, contaminated with several low and high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), obtained from the Reilly Tar and Chemical Corporation site in St. Louis Park, Minnesota. Desorption studies conducted with abiotic soil slurry systems showed that less than 3% of the total PAHs in soil desorbed into the aqueous phase. Respirometric studies using soil slurry reactors were conducted to derive first-order biokinetic parameters for natural attenuation, and in the presence of two nutrient formulations, two surfactants (Tween 80 and Novell II) and four inducers. It was shown that OECD nutrient formulation dramatically increases total PAH degradation. As expected, biodegradation rates for 4- and 6-ring PAHs were slower than for 2- and 3-ring PAHs. Further studies using the testing protocol are on-going with Reilly Tar and other PAH contaminated soils. JF - Bioremediation AU - Tabak, Henry H AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Fu, Chunsheng AU - Qi, Song AU - Guo, J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 195 EP - 203 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - United States KW - desorption KW - ammonium ion KW - Saint Louis Park Minnesota KW - bioavailability KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - natural attenuation KW - kinetics KW - Hennepin County Minnesota KW - soils KW - liquid phase KW - Minnesota KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - biokinetics KW - adsorption KW - bioremediation KW - nutrients KW - phosphate ion KW - organic compounds KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Testing+protocol+for+availability%2C+biokinetics+and+treatment+end-points&rft.au=Tabak%2C+Henry+H%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BFu%2C+Chunsheng%3BQi%2C+Song%3BGuo%2C+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; ammonium ion; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioavailability; biodegradation; biokinetics; bioremediation; desorption; experimental studies; Hennepin County Minnesota; hydrocarbons; kinetics; laboratory studies; liquid phase; Minnesota; natural attenuation; nutrients; organic compounds; phosphate ion; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; porous materials; remediation; Saint Louis Park Minnesota; soils; sulfate ion; surfactants; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of sulfide on anaerobic biotransformation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene AN - 52392435; 2000-014711 JF - Bioremediation AU - Cheng, Jiayang AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 47 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - biodegradation KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - anaerobic reactors KW - bioremediation KW - biotransformations KW - remediation KW - methanol KW - substrates KW - organic compounds KW - explosives KW - alcohols KW - anaerobic environment KW - transformations KW - microorganisms KW - dinitrotoluene KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52392435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+sulfide+on+anaerobic+biotransformation+of+2%2C4-dinitrotoluene&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Jiayang%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Jiayang&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; anaerobic environment; anaerobic reactors; biodegradation; bioremediation; biotransformations; dinitrotoluene; explosives; methanol; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; substrates; toxic materials; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic degradation of toxaphene in soils; a pilot study AN - 52392261; 2000-014759 AB - Pilot studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of solid-phase anaerobic treatment in degrading toxaphene soil at a former crop-dusting landing strip in southern Florida. Ten reactors were prepared by mixing soil with various organic amendments and nutrients. These mixtures were incubated anaerobically and degradation was monitored periodically by measuring the residual toxaphene concentration. Initial toxaphene concentrations ranged from 937 to 2,400 mg/kg. After 184 days, toxaphene concentrations were reduced by up to 91.7%. The optimum removal was achieved with an amendment of 10% (w/w) blood meal. Lower substrate degradation was found in reactors which had other amendments added to the soil. The data fits a first-order rate kinetics equation. The half-life of toxaphene was 39 and 61 days for amendments of 2.5 and 10% blood meal, respectively. Headspace sampling showed no air emissions of concern. Results showed that the addition of blood meal under anaerobic conditions can be used to accelerate remediation of toxaphene contaminated soil. JF - Bioremediation AU - Camacho, JoAnn M AU - Joyner, William AU - Vemuri, Ramu AU - Holderness, Brian AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 251 EP - 256 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - United States KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - rates KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - toxaphene KW - nutrients KW - carcinogens KW - organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - pesticides KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52392261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+degradation+of+toxaphene+in+soils%3B+a+pilot+study&rft.au=Camacho%2C+JoAnn+M%3BJoyner%2C+William%3BVemuri%2C+Ramu%3BHolderness%2C+Brian%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Camacho&rft.aufirst=JoAnn&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; biodegradation; carcinogens; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; degradation; environmental analysis; Florida; halogenated hydrocarbons; kinetics; monitoring; nutrients; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; rates; soil treatment; soils; toxaphene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protocol for supporting natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents; with examples AN - 52330268; 2000-057037 JF - Bioremediation AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Moutoux, David E AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Haas, Patrick AU - Hansen, Jerry E AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 147 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - dispersivity KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - research KW - cost KW - remediation KW - volatilization KW - attenuation KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - dechlorination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52330268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Protocol+for+supporting+natural+attenuation+of+chlorinated+solvents%3B+with+examples&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BMoutoux%2C+David+E%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BHaas%2C+Patrick%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; biodegradation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; cost; dechlorination; decontamination; degradation; dehalogenation; dispersivity; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrolysis; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; research; solvents; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of methanotrophs to degrade TCE in electrokinetic field AN - 52329916; 2000-057028 AB - Hydraulic fracturing processes have been developed by the University of Cincinnati and the U.S. EPA to drive trichloroethylene (TCE) in soil using electrokinetics. The goal is to capture the TCE in a remediation zone (RZ) containing granular activated carbon (GAC) and then degrade the TCE using a consortium of methanotrophs immobilized on the GAC. Hydraulic fracturing was used to place the graphite electrodes and remediation zone containing the GAC and bacteria. A consortium of methanotrophs was developed for their resistance to TCE. This consortium was used to test a methane introduction system at an uncontaminated field site near Cincinnati, Ohio. We have demonstrated that methanotrophs introduced into a RZ made up of granular activated carbon (GAC) can degrade TCE over a period of three months. This was demonstrated with a weekly ex situ test of recovered GAC from the RZ and in an indirect test of soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) activity, using the conversion of naphthalene to naphthol. These two tests showed good correlation. This technology is now being applied at a TCE contaminated site at Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base, near Columbus, Ohio. JF - Bioremediation AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Al-Abed, Souhail R AU - Catbas, K Hayati AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 101 EP - 106 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - techniques KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Hamilton County Ohio KW - decontamination KW - Cincinnati Ohio KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base KW - kinetics KW - Ohio KW - soils KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - biodegradation KW - methane KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - infiltration KW - bacteria KW - methanotrophs KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52329916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Use+of+methanotrophs+to+degrade+TCE+in+electrokinetic+field&rft.au=Vesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BAl-Abed%2C+Souhail+R%3BCatbas%2C+K+Hayati%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Vesper&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; case studies; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Cincinnati Ohio; contaminant plumes; decontamination; degradation; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hamilton County Ohio; hydraulic fracturing; hydrocarbons; infiltration; kinetics; methane; methanotrophs; military facilities; Ohio; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base; soils; techniques; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ dechlorination of solvents in saturated soils AN - 52329842; 2000-057012 AB - Use of chlorinated solvents has led to extensive soil and groundwater contamination. Current aerobic treatment methods, such as pump-and-treat with carbon sorption or air stripping, are limited and often cost-prohibitive. Researchers have isolated microbial cultures capable of reductively dechlorinating tetrachloroethene (PCE) to ethene (ETH). Field studies have shown reductive dechlorination of chlorinated solvents to be stimulated by the addition of electron donors. Based on these results, this project utilizes indigenous bacteria and added electron donors for degradation of PCE in the field. The approach is designed to achieve a rigorous mass balance on electron donors, electron acceptors, and microbial carbon/energy sources. The effort is aimed at validating reductive dechlorination in a realistic field situation. JF - Bioremediation AU - Becvar, Erica S AU - Vogel, Catherine AU - Sewell, Guy W AU - Gossett, James M AU - Zinder, Steve H AU - Magar, Victor AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 39 EP - 44 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - ethylene KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - mass balance KW - alkenes KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pump-and-treat KW - soils KW - in situ KW - effluents KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - dechlorination KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52329842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=In+situ+dechlorination+of+solvents+in+saturated+soils&rft.au=Becvar%2C+Erica+S%3BVogel%2C+Catherine%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W%3BGossett%2C+James+M%3BZinder%2C+Steve+H%3BMagar%2C+Victor%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Becvar&rft.aufirst=Erica&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dechlorination; decontamination; dehalogenation; effluents; ethylene; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; mass balance; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollution; pump-and-treat; saturation; soils; solvents; trichloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation in the field compared to the laboratory AN - 52327895; 2000-057207 AB - A field study conducted on the shoreline of Delaware in 1994 showed that the first-order rate constants calculated from the field study were nearly identical to rate constants calculated in sealed laboratory flasks, using the same microbial populations from the study site, when the rate data were normalized to the highest alky-substituted homologue in a given polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) series. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine how widespread this relationship was among a diverse series of microbial consortia. Eight undefined mixed cultures isolated from various U.S. marine shorelines were incubated for a period of one month in quadruplicate shake flasks in the presence of artificial seawater containing weathered crude oil. Flasks were sacrificed at periodic intervals and the contents analyzed for depletion of crude oil constituents by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Rates of biodegradation were calculated by nonlinear regression analysis of the analyte depletion data and compared to rates measured in the Delaware field study. Results affirmed the findings from Delaware. Six of the eight mixed cultures isolated from different parts of the U.S. behaved similarly in closed flasks (with respect to the relative rates of biodegradation of crude oil hydrocarbons) to the microbial consortium that degraded the light crude oil in the open field on the beach of Delaware Bay. Results suggested that one can use the relationship between degradation rate and substrate structure or molecular weight as a reliable indicator of biological activity. JF - Bioremediation AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Haines, John R AU - Holder, Edith L AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 359 EP - 364 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - Delaware KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - rates KW - case studies KW - waste management KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Rates+of+hydrocarbon+biodegradation+in+the+field+compared+to+the+laboratory&rft.au=Venosa%2C+Albert+D%3BHaines%2C+John+R%3BHolder%2C+Edith+L%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; case studies; contaminant plumes; decontamination; degradation; Delaware; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; organic compounds; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; rates; risk assessment; United States; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of mixed cultures for bioremediation product testing AN - 52327363; 2000-057220 AB - Samples of beach sediments from many locations in the United States were used to enrich for hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms. Sediments were incubated with mineral nutrients and an aromatic enriched fraction of crude oil to enrich for aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria. A shake flask experiment was designed to assess the ability of the various cultures to degrade crude oil as described in the NETAC protocol (NETAC, 1991). Each flask contained 100 mL of artificial seawater, nutrients, and weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil. Eight enrichment cultures were used to inoculate four replicate flasks for each sample time. The sample times were 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 20, and 28 days. After incubation at 20 degrees C, alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were measured by MPN and residual oil was extracted with methylene chloride, solvent exchanged with hexane, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 28 alkanes and 40 aromatic hydrocarbons were measured. Alkanes were extensively degraded by all cultures with approximately 80% reduction occurring within 8 days of incubation. The cultures were variable in their ability to degrade aromatic hydrocarbons. The greatest reduction in aromatic content (>90%) was achieved by two cultures by day 20. Substituted aromatics were poorly degraded by some cultures. Based on the results of these experiments a positive control culture will be chosen for bioremediation product testing. JF - Bioremediation AU - Haines, John R AU - Holder, Edith L AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 419 EP - 424 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - testing KW - instruments KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+mixed+cultures+for+bioremediation+product+testing&rft.au=Haines%2C+John+R%3BHolder%2C+Edith+L%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=419&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; coastal environment; decontamination; degradation; hydrocarbons; instruments; microorganisms; monitoring; nutrients; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; remediation; sediments; solvents; techniques; testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in toxicity of fuel-contaminated sediments following nitrate-based bioremediation; column study AN - 52327361; 2000-057131 JF - Bioremediation AU - Hutchins, S R AU - Bantle, J A AU - Schrock, E J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 19 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - nitrate ion KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Changes+in+toxicity+of+fuel-contaminated+sediments+following+nitrate-based+bioremediation%3B+column+study&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+S+R%3BBantle%2C+J+A%3BSchrock%2C+E+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; BTEX; case studies; contaminant plumes; Eglin Air Force Base; environmental analysis; experimental studies; Florida; ground water; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; military facilities; nitrate ion; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient transport during bioremediation of crude oil contaminated beaches AN - 52326592; 2000-057187 AB - The effect of wave energy on transport of dissolved nutrients in the intertidal zone of sandy beaches was studied by comparing the washout rates of a conservative tracer (lithium) on two beaches in Maine. The physical characteristics of the two beaches were similar, and they were subjected to the same tidal influences, but the wave energies were very different. Scarborough Beach is a high energy beach that faces southeast toward the Atlantic Ocean, whereas Ferry Beach is in a protected harbor. This difference in wave energy caused lithium to be washed out of Scarborough Beach much more rapidly than from Ferry Beach. The higher wave energy at Scarborough Beach also appears to have increased the amount of lithium that was diluted directly into the water column. These differences in transport rate and mechanism have important implications for the feasibility of bioremediation for cleanup of oil-contaminated shorelines. JF - Bioremediation AU - Wrenn, Brian A AU - Boufadel, Michel C AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 267 EP - 272 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - Scarborough Maine KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - intertidal environment KW - detection KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - crude oil KW - coastal environment KW - Maine KW - Cumberland County Maine KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Nutrient+transport+during+bioremediation+of+crude+oil+contaminated+beaches&rft.au=Wrenn%2C+Brian+A%3BBoufadel%2C+Michel+C%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wrenn&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; coastal environment; crude oil; Cumberland County Maine; decontamination; detection; environmental analysis; hydrocarbons; intertidal environment; Maine; nutrients; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Scarborough Maine; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns of reductive dehalogenation of dissolved chlorinated hydrocarbon plumes AN - 52326373; 2000-057047 JF - Bioremediation AU - Moutoux, David E AU - Benson, Leigh A AU - Hicks, John R AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Hansen, Jerry E AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 191 EP - 196 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - oxidation KW - dehalogenation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Patterns+of+reductive+dehalogenation+of+dissolved+chlorinated+hydrocarbon+plumes&rft.au=Moutoux%2C+David+E%3BBenson%2C+Leigh+A%3BHicks%2C+John+R%3BWiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Moutoux&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; BTEX; case studies; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; decontamination; degradation; dehalogenation; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; microorganisms; monitoring; organic compounds; oxidation; pollution; remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selection of core samples for microcosm studies of natural attenuation AN - 52326343; 2000-057044 AB - The North Beach Site at the U.S. Coast Guard Support Facility in Elizabeth City, NC, served as a location for incidental disposal of industrial wastes over a period of years. The primary contaminants discovered in the ground water are tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and its daughter products, trichloroethylene (TCE), cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-1,2-DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC). The principal concern is the potential migration of the chlorinated solvents into the Pasquotank River. The highest measured PCE concentrations were 4700 mu g/L in the water and approximately 700 mu g/Kg on the aquifer solids. Maximum concentrations of TCE and DCE for both solids and water were about an order of magnitude lower. Vinyl chloride concentrations ranged from 6 to 60 mu g/L. To determine the potential for natural attenuation of the site contaminants, both field and laboratory investigations were undertaken. Cores were obtained at the North Beach location for use in batch microcosm studies. Laboratory rate constants obtained from the microcosm studies will be compared to those obtained from the field investigation. Agreement between the rates will permit their use in risk assessment activities associated with the North Beach Site. Prior to selection of core material, the location of the interval of highest ground-water flow and geochemical characteristics indicative of biological activity were determined on water sampled with a geoprobe. As part of the investigation, field measurements of geochemical indicators of biological activity were evaluated for their ability to identify contaminated ground water. The identification of ground waters impacted by contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents has been well documented by a low redox potential, no dissolved oxygen, the presence of ferrous iron, and increased alkalinity compared to other ground waters at the site. Contamination is frequently found in the interval with the highest hydraulic conductivity. However, at the North Beach Site, geochemical parameters were not found to easily distinguish between contaminated and uncontaminated ground waters. The selection of core samples for microcosm studies was based primarily on the vertical distribution of PCE and its reduction daughter products and on the vertical distribution of hydraulic conductivity. JF - Bioremediation AU - Wilson, Barbara H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Vardy, James A AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 181 EP - 186 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - reclamation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Pasquotank County North Carolina KW - alkalinity KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - Elizabeth City North Carolina KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - North Carolina KW - trichloroethylene KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Selection+of+core+samples+for+microcosm+studies+of+natural+attenuation&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Barbara+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BVardy%2C+James+A%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; attenuation; bioremediation; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; decontamination; Elizabeth City North Carolina; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; microorganisms; monitoring; North Carolina; organic compounds; Pasquotank County North Carolina; pollutants; pollution; reclamation; remediation; solvents; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field demonstration of oxygen microbubbles for in situ bioremediation AN - 52326296; 2000-057160 AB - OHM Remediation Services Corp. (OHM) is participating in a USEPA SITE Emerging Technology Demonstration using microbubbles for delivery of oxygen to enhance in situ bioremediation. The process utilizes oxygen microbubbles to treat contaminated soils and groundwater in the saturated zone. The objective of the demonstration was to determine the subsurface oxygen transfer to the groundwater, retention and migration of the microbubbles in the soil matrix, biodegradation of the petroleum hydrocarbons, and the economic feasibility of the technology. Preliminary laboratory and field pilot tests were conducted to determine microbubble production rates, quality, and the feasibility of microbubble migration through the soil. JF - Bioremediation AU - Woodhull, Patrick M AU - Jerger, Douglas E AU - Leigh, Daniel P AU - Lewis, Ronald F AU - Becvar, Erica S AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 141 EP - 146 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - in situ KW - injection KW - bubbles KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - migration of elements KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - saturated zone KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Effect+of+subchronic+corn+oil+gavage+on+the+acute+toxicity+of+orally+administered+bromodichloromethane&rft.au=Lilly%2C+P+D%3BSimmons%2C+JE%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Lilly&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; bubbles; experimental studies; ground water; in situ; injection; laboratory studies; microorganisms; migration of elements; oxygen; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; soils; techniques; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation of explosives in soil and water; engineering studies AN - 52326201; 2000-057078 JF - Bioremediation AU - Medina, Victor F AU - McCutcheon, Steven C AU - Wolfe, N Lee AU - Larsen, Steven L AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 301 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - trinitrotoluene KW - RDX KW - chemical waste KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - remediation KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - explosives KW - phytoremediation KW - nitrate ion KW - kinetics KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation+of+explosives+in+soil+and+water%3B+engineering+studies&rft.au=Medina%2C+Victor+F%3BMcCutcheon%2C+Steven+C%3BWolfe%2C+N+Lee%3BLarsen%2C+Steven+L%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Medina&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical waste; cost; explosives; kinetics; nitrate ion; organic compounds; phytoremediation; pollutants; pollution; RDX; remediation; soil treatment; soils; triazines; trinitrotoluene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of cometabolic bioventing for the in-situ bioremediation of chlorinated solvents AN - 52326171; 2000-057070 JF - Bioremediation AU - Sayles, G D AU - Moser, L E AU - Gannon, D J AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Vogel, Catherine M AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 285 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - metabolites KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Kent County Delaware KW - toluene KW - soil vapor extraction KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - unsaturated zone KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - substrates KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - solvents KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - methane KW - Delaware KW - in situ KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Development+of+cometabolic+bioventing+for+the+in-situ+bioremediation+of+chlorinated+solvents&rft.au=Sayles%2C+G+D%3BMoser%2C+L+E%3BGannon%2C+D+J%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BVogel%2C+Catherine+M%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Sayles&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; bioventing; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; environmental analysis; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; Kent County Delaware; metabolites; methane; microorganisms; military facilities; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; solvents; substrates; toluene; trichloroethylene; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site characterization methods for the design of in-situ electron donor delivery systems AN - 52325774; 2000-057186 AB - The Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have been involved in designing and evaluating a pilot field demonstration of reductive anaerobic biological in-situ treatment technologies (RABITT) for use as a standard remedial technology for chloroethene contamination. Innovative site characterization techniques have been utilized to identify the hydraulics of the site and in particular the vertical distribution of relative hydraulic conductivities. Direct extraction of intact frozen cores has been utilized to determine the vertical distribution of contaminants in the pore spaces and on the solid matrix of site material. The combination of these techniques along with standard site characterization methods has been used the develop a three-dimensional picture of the site with vertical resolutions down to 0.5 ft (15 cm). This information has then been used to evaluate different scenarios for nutrient/electron donor delivery at the site, and when used with appropriate transport and flow codes was used to exclude designs which did not allow for significant mixing of donor and contaminants, or which did not efficiently deliver nutrients/donors to all contaminated zones. It is felt that the use of site characterization data in this manner is critical to the effective and appropriate design and implementation of RABITT and other in-situ treatment technologies. JF - Bioremediation AU - Acree, Steven D AU - Hightower, Mike AU - Ross, Randall R AU - Sewell, Guy W AU - Weesner, Brent AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 261 EP - 266 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - shallow aquifers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - flowmeters KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52325774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Site+characterization+methods+for+the+design+of+in-situ+electron+donor+delivery+systems&rft.au=Acree%2C+Steven+D%3BHightower%2C+Mike%3BRoss%2C+Randall+R%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W%3BWeesner%2C+Brent%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Acree&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; contaminant plumes; decontamination; environmental analysis; flowmeters; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; in situ; nutrients; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; shallow aquifers; three-dimensional models; transport; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of methodologies for cometabolic bioventing treatability studies AN - 52325676; 2000-057077 JF - Bioremediation AU - Moser, L E AU - Sayles, G D AU - Gannon, D J AU - Lee, M D AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Vogel, Catherine M AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 299 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Kent County Delaware KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - soils KW - Delaware KW - soil venting KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52325676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+methodologies+for+cometabolic+bioventing+treatability+studies&rft.au=Moser%2C+L+E%3BSayles%2C+G+D%3BGannon%2C+D+J%3BLee%2C+M+D%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BVogel%2C+Catherine+M%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; bioventing; chlorinated hydrocarbons; cost; decontamination; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; environmental analysis; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Kent County Delaware; microorganisms; military facilities; optimization; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; soil vapor extraction; soil venting; soils; solvents; trichloroethylene; United States; unsaturated zone; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduced bio-availability of lead by a lead-sequestering soil bacterium AN - 52324912; 2000-057099 AB - Our soil isolate CHL004, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Vesper et al., 1996), concentrates lead internally as what is probably lead phosphate. The chemical composition of this phase has been studied using energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDXS) after the organism was grown on Peptone Iron Agar with 1 gm/L of lead nitrate added. Electron microscopy showed that the concentration of ferric ammonium citrate in the medium correlates with both an increase of lead phosphate particles in each organism and in the percentage of organisms which concentrate the lead, when 0.05 %, 0.075 %, 0.175 %, & 0.3 0% of ferric ammonium citrate were evaluated. Thus we believe that the mechanism of lead concentration is through the use of siderophores and is fortuitous. The lead phosphate is formed after five days of incubation at 30 degrees C on Peptone Iron Agar (PIA) media with 1 gm/L of lead nitrate. At four days of incubation an unusually uniform lattice structure can be seen in the organisms using electron microscopy. This structure is not dense enough to determine its chemical composition with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry. However, we believe it to be a precursor to the sequestering of lead phosphate. JF - Bioremediation AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J AU - Brackett, Kim A AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 385 EP - 390 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - dispersivity KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - ammonium ion KW - pollution KW - lead KW - Pseudomonas KW - bioavailability KW - iron KW - ferric iron KW - X-ray data KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - chemical properties KW - reduction KW - nitrate ion KW - chemical composition KW - SEM data KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52324912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Reduced+bio-availability+of+lead+by+a+lead-sequestering+soil+bacterium&rft.au=Davis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J%3BBrackett%2C+Kim+A%3BVesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Davis-Hoover&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium ion; bacteria; bioavailability; chemical composition; chemical properties; concentration; dispersivity; ferric iron; heavy metals; iron; lead; metals; monitoring; nitrate ion; pollutants; pollution; Pseudomonas; reduction; SEM data; soils; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfate-reducing bioprocess to remove metals from acid mine drainage AN - 52324647; 2000-057100 JF - Bioremediation AU - Steed, Vicki S AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Gupta, Munish AU - Miyahara, Takashi AU - Acheson, Carolyn AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 391 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - acid mine drainage KW - sludge KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - dissolved materials KW - decontamination KW - reduction KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52324647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Sulfate-reducing+bioprocess+to+remove+metals+from+acid+mine+drainage&rft.au=Steed%2C+Vicki+S%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BGupta%2C+Munish%3BMiyahara%2C+Takashi%3BAcheson%2C+Carolyn%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Steed&rft.aufirst=Vicki&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; bioremediation; decontamination; dissolved materials; effluents; experimental studies; heavy metals; pollution; reduction; remediation; sludge; sulfate ion; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation field demonstrations in the U. S. EPA site program AN - 52324626; 2000-057086 JF - Bioremediation AU - Rock, Steve AU - Beckman, Scott AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 323 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - hazardous waste KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - research KW - cost KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - phytoremediation KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52324626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation+field+demonstrations+in+the+U.+S.+EPA+site+program&rft.au=Rock%2C+Steve%3BBeckman%2C+Scott%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Rock&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bioremediation; cost; decontamination; government agencies; ground water; hazardous waste; heavy metals; hydrocarbons; monitoring; optimization; organic compounds; petroleum products; phytoremediation; pollutants; pollution; reclamation; remediation; research; risk assessment; toxic materials; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of anaerobic benzene biodegradation AN - 52270998; 2001-012826 JF - Bioremediation AU - Sinclair, James L AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 15 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Patrick Air Force Base KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - Brevard County Florida KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - Cocoa Beach KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52270998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+anaerobic+benzene+biodegradation&rft.au=Sinclair%2C+James+L%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; Brevard County Florida; Cocoa Beach; Florida; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; Patrick Air Force Base; pollutants; pollution; remediation; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic bioventing of PCE AN - 52269360; 2001-012902 JF - Bioremediation AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Mihopoulos, Philip AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 353 EP - 359 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - technology KW - soil vapor extraction KW - PCBs KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - applications KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52269360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+bioventing+of+PCE&rft.au=Sayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BMihopoulos%2C+Philip%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Sayles&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; applications; bioremediation; bioventing; chlorinated hydrocarbons; halogenated hydrocarbons; organic compounds; PCBs; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; soils; technology; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Criteria for selection of intrinsic bioremediation for petroleum hydrocarbon plumes AN - 52266065; 2001-012845 JF - Bioremediation AU - Cho, Jong Soo AU - Wilson, John T AU - Weaver, James W AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 97 EP - 102 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52266065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Criteria+for+selection+of+intrinsic+bioremediation+for+petroleum+hydrocarbon+plumes&rft.au=Cho%2C+Jong+Soo%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BWeaver%2C+James+W%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=Jong&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; BTEX; contaminant plumes; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation demonstration in Wisconsin AN - 52266017; 2001-012846 JF - Bioremediation AU - Yang, Xiaoping AU - Glasser, Howard AU - Stoelting, Ray AU - Barden, Mike AU - Mickelson, George AU - Delwiche, Jim AU - Alvarez, Gilberto AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 103 EP - 108 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - organic compounds KW - natural attenuation KW - hydrocarbons KW - Wisconsin KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52266017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+demonstration+in+Wisconsin&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaoping%3BGlasser%2C+Howard%3BStoelting%2C+Ray%3BBarden%2C+Mike%3BMickelson%2C+George%3BDelwiche%2C+Jim%3BAlvarez%2C+Gilberto%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaoping&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; attenuation; bioremediation; BTEX; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; natural attenuation; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; regulations; remediation; United States; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cooxidation of chlorinated solvents during bioventing of petroleum hydrocarbons AN - 52263824; 2001-012901 JF - Bioremediation AU - Vogel, Catherine M AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Fiorenza, Stephanie AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 347 EP - 351 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - Delaware KW - Kent County Delaware KW - pollutants KW - Dover Delaware KW - soil vapor extraction KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - solvents KW - jet fuel KW - hydrocarbons KW - applications KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52263824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Cooxidation+of+chlorinated+solvents+during+bioventing+of+petroleum+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Vogel%2C+Catherine+M%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BFiorenza%2C+Stephanie%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Vogel&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biodegradation; bioremediation; bioventing; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; Dover Delaware; ground water; hydrocarbons; jet fuel; Kent County Delaware; organic compounds; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; solvents; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate-based bioremediation of JP-4 jet fuel at Eglin AFB, FL; performance evaluation AN - 52251563; 2001-029437 JF - Bioremediation AU - Hutchins, S R AU - Miller, D E AU - Beck, F P AU - Thomas, A AU - Sweed, H G AU - Bedient, P B AU - Thomas, J M AU - Ward, C H AU - Wiesner, M AU - Bantle, J A AU - Williams, S E AU - Willis, G D AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 11 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - technology KW - Okaloosa County Florida KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - applications KW - nitrate ion KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52251563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Nitrate-based+bioremediation+of+JP-4+jet+fuel+at+Eglin+AFB%2C+FL%3B+performance+evaluation&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+S+R%3BMiller%2C+D+E%3BBeck%2C+F+P%3BThomas%2C+A%3BSweed%2C+H+G%3BBedient%2C+P+B%3BThomas%2C+J+M%3BWard%2C+C+H%3BWiesner%2C+M%3BBantle%2C+J+A%3BWilliams%2C+S+E%3BWillis%2C+G+D%3BOuyang%2C+Y%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; bioremediation; Eglin Air Force Base; Florida; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; nitrate ion; Okaloosa County Florida; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; technology; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for foam flotation as part of slurry bioreactor treatment AN - 52249465; 2001-029464 JF - Bioremediation AU - Glaser, John A AU - McCauley, Paul T AU - Dosani, Majid AU - Krishnan, E Radha AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 131 EP - 135 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - soils KW - technology KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons KW - slurries KW - hydrocarbons KW - bioreactors KW - applications KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52249465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+foam+flotation+as+part+of+slurry+bioreactor+treatment&rft.au=Glaser%2C+John+A%3BMcCauley%2C+Paul+T%3BDosani%2C+Majid%3BKrishnan%2C+E+Radha%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioreactors; bioremediation; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollution; polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; slurries; soils; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling transport and biodegradation of trimethylbenzene isomers in a sandy aquifer AN - 52247641; 2001-029439 JF - Bioremediation AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Hill, B M AU - Hutchins, S R AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 19 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - trimethylbenzene KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - applications KW - nitrate ion KW - water resources KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52247641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Modeling+transport+and+biodegradation+of+trimethylbenzene+isomers+in+a+sandy+aquifer&rft.au=Ouyang%2C+Y%3BHill%2C+B+M%3BHutchins%2C+S+R%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Ouyang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; BTEX; hydrocarbons; models; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; solute transport; three-dimensional models; trimethylbenzene; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utilization of slurry bioreactors for contaminated solids treatment; an overview AN - 52245434; 2001-029463 JF - Bioremediation AU - Glaser, John A AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 123 EP - 130 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - soils KW - technology KW - biomass KW - slurries KW - biofilms KW - pollution KW - bioreactors KW - applications KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52245434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Utilization+of+slurry+bioreactors+for+contaminated+solids+treatment%3B+an+overview&rft.au=Glaser%2C+John+A%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biofilms; biomass; bioreactors; bioremediation; ground water; pollution; remediation; slurries; soils; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of temperature and chemical composition on crude oil biodegradation AN - 52240074; 2001-029578 JF - Bioremediation AU - Uraizee, Farooq A AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 663 EP - 668 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - technology KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - crude oil KW - applications KW - chemical composition KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52240074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Effects+of+temperature+and+chemical+composition+on+crude+oil+biodegradation&rft.au=Uraizee%2C+Farooq+A%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Uraizee&rft.aufirst=Farooq&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical composition; crude oil; ground water; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; soils; technology; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Hyde Park Landfill; a case history AN - 50282484; 2005-076966 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Sosa, Gloria M AU - Peterson, Gary L Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 150 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 40 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - chlorobenzene KW - contaminant plumes KW - landfills KW - remediation KW - spatial distribution KW - Niagara Falls KW - Hyde Park Landfill KW - trichlorophenol KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - bedrock KW - North America KW - overburden KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Niagara County New York KW - pollution KW - dioxins KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - history KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50282484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=The+Hyde+Park+Landfill%3B+a+case+history&rft.au=Sosa%2C+Gloria+M%3BPeterson%2C+Gary+L&rft.aulast=Sosa&rft.aufirst=Gloria&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 40th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; chlorinated hydrocarbons; chlorobenzene; contaminant plumes; dioxins; halogenated hydrocarbons; history; Hyde Park Landfill; landfills; monitoring; New York; Niagara County New York; Niagara Falls; nonaqueous phase liquids; North America; organic compounds; overburden; pollutants; pollution; remediation; spatial distribution; trichlorophenol; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inter-species conversion equations for predicting the toxicity of non-polar narcotic chemicals to Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia AN - 17100158; 4403865 AB - The lack of aquatic toxicity data for native species continues to be a major limitation to conducting hazard and risk assessments in Australia. Relationships were therefore developed that could predict the toxicity of non-polar narcotic chemicals to the Australian cladoceran Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia using toxicity data for overseas species. Such relationships, called inter-species conversion equations or quantitative activity-activity relationships (QAARs), used toxicity data for non-polar narcotic chemicals to a cladoceran (Daphnia magna), two fish (Poecilia reticulata, Pimephales promelas), and a marine bacterium (Vibrio fischeri). All four QAARs were of high quality having coefficients of determination greater than 0.84. Validation studies indicated that the P. reticulata, D. magna, V. fischeri and P. promelas QAARs could predict the toxicity of non-polar narcotics with mean absolute percentage errors between experimental toxicity values and those predicted by the QAARs of approximately 20 to 50%. The QAARs provide an easy, cost-effective and accurate means of estimating the toxicity of non-polar narcotic chemicals to C. cf. dubia. Similar relationships could be developed to predict the toxicity of a wide range of chemicals to different native organisms. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Rose, R M AU - Warne, MSJ AU - Lim, R P AD - Ecotoxicology Section, NSW Environment Protection Authority, EPA/UTS Centre for Ecotoxicology, University of Technology, Sydney, Westbourne St, Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia, warnempa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - Jan 1997 SP - 75 EP - 83 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - Daphnia magna KW - Fathead minnow KW - Guppy KW - Pimephales promelas KW - Poecilia reticulata KW - Vibrio fischeri KW - quantitative activity-activity relationships KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Pollution effects KW - Toxicity tests KW - Freshwater crustaceans KW - Chemical pollution KW - Ceriodaphnia KW - Narcotics KW - Marine pollution KW - Toxicity testing KW - Q1 08286:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17100158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Inter-species+conversion+equations+for+predicting+the+toxicity+of+non-polar+narcotic+chemicals+to+Ceriodaphnia+cf.+dubia&rft.au=Rose%2C+R+M%3BWarne%2C+MSJ%3BLim%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquatic organisms; Marine pollution; Freshwater crustaceans; Pollution effects; Narcotics; Chemical pollution; Toxicity tests; Risk assessment; Toxicity testing; Ceriodaphnia dubia; Poecilia reticulata; Pimephales promelas; Daphnia magna; Vibrio fischeri; Ceriodaphnia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implementation of natural attenuation at a JP-4 jet fuel release after active remediation AN - 16447837; 4343991 AB - After eighteen months of active remediation at a JP-4 jet-fuel spill, a residual of unremediated hydrocarbon remained. Further site characterization was conducted to evaluate the contribution of natural attenuation to control exposure to hazards associated with the residual contamination in the subsurface. Activities included the detailed characterization of ground-water flow through the spill; the distribution of fuel contaminants in groundwater; and the analysis of soluble electron acceptors moving into the spill from upgradient. These activities allowed a rigorous evaluation of the transport of contaminants from the spill to the receptor of groundwater, the Pasquotank River. The transport of dissolved contaminants of concern, that is benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, xylene isomers (BTEX) and methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), into the river from the source area was controlled by equilibrium dissolution from the fuel spill to the adjacent groundwater, diffusion in groundwater from the spill to permeable layers in the aquifer, and advective transport in the permeable layers. The estimated yearly loading of BTEX compounds and MTBE into the receptor was trivial even without considering biological degradation. The biodegradation of hydrocarbon dissolved in groundwater through aerobic respiration, denitrification, sulfate reduction, and iron reduction was estimated from changes in ground-water chemistry along the flow path. The concentrations of target components in permanent monitoring wells continue to decline over time. Long term monitoring will ensure that the plume is under control, and no further active remediation is required. JF - Biodegradation AU - Cho, Jong Soo AU - Wilson, J T AU - DiGiulio, D C AU - Vardy, JA AU - Choi, Woohee AD - US EPA, NRMRL, SPRD, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 265 EP - 273 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0923-9820, 0923-9820 KW - fuels KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16447837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodegradation&rft.atitle=Implementation+of+natural+attenuation+at+a+JP-4+jet+fuel+release+after+active+remediation&rft.au=Cho%2C+Jong+Soo%3BWilson%2C+J+T%3BDiGiulio%2C+D+C%3BVardy%2C+JA%3BChoi%2C+Woohee&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=Jong&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodegradation&rft.issn=09239820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sanitizing effects of desiccant-based cooling AN - 15974315; 276842 AB - Desiccant-based cooling systems were examined to determine their sanitizing effects on airborne microorganisms and used as a mechanism to control bioaerosols. The desiccant-based air conditioning (DBAC) system reduced airborne levels of bacteria and fungi in every test. These data also point to the desiccant wheel as the primary source of these reductions, although the causal mechanism has not been identified. It was found that DBAC systems have the ability to remove pollutants from indoor air in the presence of water vapor. JF - ASHRAE Journal AU - Kovak, Brian AU - Heimann, PRichard AU - Hammel, Jay AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 60 EP - 64 PB - ASHRAE, ATLANTA, GA, (USA) VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0001-2491, 0001-2491 KW - Aerosols KW - Bacteria KW - Bioaerosols KW - Desiccant based air conditioning (DBAC) systems KW - Dessicant wheel KW - Disease control KW - Fungi KW - Health KW - Humidity control KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Sanitation KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Mechanical Engineering Abstracts (ISMEC) KW - W4 643.3:AIR CONDITIONING KW - EE 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - EE 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - EE 643.3:AIR CONDITIONING KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15974315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.atitle=Sanitizing+effects+of+desiccant-based+cooling&rft.au=Kovak%2C+Brian%3BHeimann%2C+PRichard%3BHammel%2C+Jay&rft.aulast=Kovak&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.issn=00012491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteria; Aerosols; Sanitation; Fungi; Disease control; Health; Indoor air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particle diffusion from developing flows in rough-walled tubes AN - 15952877; 272933 AB - A closed-form solution has been derived which quantitatively describes convective mass transfer in a conduit including wall irregularities and enterance effects. It permits the respective roles of the major diffusional parameters upon deposition to be formulated and examined directly. For testing, the model can be reduced to a limiting case; namely, the particle diffusion problem of Ingham (1991) for idealized (i.e., smooth-walled) short tubes. The mathematical model was used to study inhaled aerosols in the upper airways of the human tracheobronchial tree. We focused on the influences of core acceleration (in the lumen of an airway) and various cartilaginous ring structures (embedded in the surface of an airway). The effects of core flow acceleration on particle diffusion calculations were quite small for in vivo conditions. However, particle diffusion due to cartilaginous rings can be increased up to 32% relative to idealized tubes. The enhancement can be written in terms of the airway surface function expressed as a power of the ring shape aspect ratio h/b where h is the amplitude of the surface wave and b is its wavelength. JF - Aerosol Science & Technology AU - Martonen, Ted AU - Zhang, Zongquin AU - Yang, Yadong AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Training Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0278-6826, 0278-6826 KW - Cartilaginous ring structures KW - Health hazards KW - Human tracheobronchial airways KW - Inhaled aerosols KW - Particles (particulate matter) KW - Rough-walled tubes KW - Tubes (components) KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts KW - Aerosols KW - Diffusion KW - EE 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS KW - EE 641.3:MASS TRANSFER KW - W4 619.1:PIPE, PIPING AND PIPELINES KW - EE 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS KW - W4 801.3:COLLOID CHEMISTRY KW - EE 801.3:COLLOID CHEMISTRY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - EE 619.1:PIPE, PIPING AND PIPELINES KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 641.3:MASS TRANSFER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15952877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Particle+diffusion+from+developing+flows+in+rough-walled+tubes&rft.au=Martonen%2C+Ted%3BZhang%2C+Zongquin%3BYang%2C+Yadong&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02786826&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Diffusion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of models for predicting the phototoxic potency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons AN - 13632722; 199705477 AB - Lumbriculus variegatus were exposed to anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene and pyrene for 96 hours followed by a 96 hour holding period in clean water at 3 different UV intensities (75, 33 and 19 uW per cm2). Based upon measured tissue residue concentrations, anthracene and pyrene were almost equitoxic showing increased toxicity with increasing UV intensity. Both were 4 times more toxic than fluoranthene. Fluorene was found to be not phytotoxic which was in agreement with the toxicity predictions of the structure activity relationship model. By plotting mortality as a function of the product of initial tissue residue of PAH and UV light exposure, time dependent lethality of the 3 phototoxic PAH to L. variegatus was accurately modelled. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Ankley, G T AU - Erickson, R J AU - Sheedy, B R AU - Kosian, P A AU - Mattson, V R AU - Cox, J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 37 EP - 50 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Anthracene KW - Fluoranthene KW - Fluorene KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Phototoxic KW - Pyrene KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13632722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+models+for+predicting+the+phototoxic+potency+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BErickson%2C+R+J%3BSheedy%2C+B+R%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BCox%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photoinduced toxicity of fluoranthene to seven marine benthic crustaceans AN - 13629243; 199802497 AB - Seven marine benthic crustacean species that differed in their exposure to sunlight in nature were exposed to fluoranthene of cadmium chloride for 4 d. The crustaceans were: Rhepoxynius abronius and Eohaustorius estuarius (not exposed to sunlight), Leptocheirus plumulosus, Grandidierella japonica and Corophium insidiosum (occasionally exposed) and Excirolana vancouverensis and Emerita analoga (often exposed). After exposure to the toxicant, mortality (LC50) and the ability to bury in clean sediment (EC50) were determined. The survivors were exposed to UV radiation for 1 h and the differences between LC50 and EC50 before and after UV exposure were used to assess photoinduced toxicity. All species except E. analoga and E. vancouverensis showed an increased sensitivity to fluoranthene when exposed to UV radiation. Sensitivity to photoactivated fluoranthene was inversely related to the potential for exposure to sunlight in nature. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Boese, B L AU - Lamberson, JO AU - Swartz, R C AU - Ozretich, RJ AD - U.S. EPA, Newport, Ore. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 389 EP - 393 VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Crustaceans (see also subdivisions below) KW - Fluoranthene KW - Nature KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13629243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Photoinduced+toxicity+of+fluoranthene+to+seven+marine+benthic+crustaceans&rft.au=Boese%2C+B+L%3BLamberson%2C+JO%3BSwartz%2C+R+C%3BOzretich%2C+RJ&rft.aulast=Boese&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of bleached kraft mill process water using Microtox, Ceriodaphnia dubia and Menidia beryllina toxicity tests AN - 13628462; 199802198 AB - The 7- to 10-d embryo toxicity/teratogenicity test with the inland silverside Menidia beryllina was compared with the Microtox 15-min acute toxicity test and the Ceriodaphnia dubia 7-d chronic toxicity test for the evaluation of water samples from 3 areas in a bleached kraft mill using chlorine dioxide bleaching and an aerated stabilization basin (ASB) for biological treatment of effluent. All 3 tests were predictive indicators of toxicity, but C. dubia and M. beryllina were more sensitive indicators of toxicity. No toxic responses were observed in any test at a 1 per cent ASB effluent concentration (equivalent to the effluent concentration in the receiving river). There were no correlations between toxicological responses and effluent levels of adsorbable organic halides, polychlorinated phenolic compounds, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran, total suspended solids, colour, COD or total organic carbon. There are 49 references. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Beckham, N AU - Fournie, J W AU - Deardorff, T L AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 367 EP - 375 VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13628462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+bleached+kraft+mill+process+water+using+Microtox%2C+Ceriodaphnia+dubia+and+Menidia+beryllina+toxicity+tests&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BBeckham%2C+N%3BFournie%2C+J+W%3BDeardorff%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyses of fish tissue by vacuum distillation/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry AN - 13626891; 199800730 AB - The analysis of 113 compounds in fish tissue (1 or 10 g aliquots of canned tuna) by vacuum distillation/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with surrogate-based matrix corrections was investigated. Comparison of vacuum, water and sonication spiking techniques indicated that the vacuum technique was the best, equilibrating all analytes with tissue in less than 3 h and effective with 10 g samples. The sonication technique was good with 1 g samples, but took more than 1000 minutes to equilibrate. The vacuum and sonication spike techniques were used to evaluate 2 surrogate correction models. Application of a model based on the recoveries and octanol-air and water-air partition coefficients of surrogate compounds to vacuum-spiked 10 g samples provided recoveries of 86 per cent for volatile gases, 97 per cent for volatiles, 90 per cent for neutral semivolatiles, 124 per cent for basic semivolatiles and 87 per cent for water-soluble volatiles. Detection limits were sub-ppb for most analytes. Values of octanol-air partition relative volatility for the 113 analytes were determined experimentally. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Hiatt, M H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1127 EP - 1134 VL - 69 IS - 6 KW - Analysis KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Tuna fish KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Analyses+of+fish+tissue+by+vacuum+distillation%2Fgas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry&rft.au=Hiatt%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Hiatt&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation of selenium and arsenic compounds by capillary electrophoresis with hydrodynamically modified electroosmotic flow and on-line reduction of selenium(VI) to selenium(IV) with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection AN - 13626046; 199803249 AB - An on-line capillary electrophoresis-hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry system was used to determine 4 arsenic species and 2 selenium species (selenium(IV) and selenium(VI)) in water. On-line reduction of selenium(VI) to selenium(IV) was achieved by mixing the capillary electrophoresis effluent with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The potential of the hydrochloric acid reductant to produce interferants (such as arsenic-40 chloride-35 and arsenic-40 chloride-37) was eliminated by passing the hydrides through a membrane gas-liquid separator. Use of hydrodynamic pressure to reverse the direction of electroosmotic flow permitted control of elution times, thereby increasing choice of buffer; the buffer chosen was potassium hydrogenphthalate-20 mM boric acid (pH 9.03). The method detection limits for selenium(IV) and selenium(VI), based on 7 replicate injections, were 10 and 24 pg, respectively. Average recoveries of selenium(IV) and selenium(VI) from 3 fortified drinking waters were 86-100 per cent and 86-97 per cent, respectively. The ability of the system to determine arsenic and selenium species simultaneously was demonstrated. There are 34 references. JF - Analyst (London) AU - Magnuson, M L AU - Creed, J T AU - Brockhoff, CA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1057 EP - 1061 VL - 122 IS - 10 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Online KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Speciation+of+selenium+and+arsenic+compounds+by+capillary+electrophoresis+with+hydrodynamically+modified+electroosmotic+flow+and+on-line+reduction+of+selenium%28VI%29+to+selenium%28IV%29+with+hydride+generation+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometric+detection&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+M+L%3BCreed%2C+J+T%3BBrockhoff%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1057&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and chronic toxicity of azinphos-methyl to two estuarine species, Mysidopsis bahia and Cyprinodon variegatus AN - 13625156; 199802474 AB - The 96-h acute and chronic toxicity of azinphos-methyl to mysids (Mysidopsis bahia) and sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) was determined. For M. bahia, the 96-h LC50 value was 0.29 ug per litre. The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) for mortality in the chronic toxicity test was 0.097 ug per litre. The maximal acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) for mysid survival following 26-d exposure to azinphos-methyl was 0.13 ug per litre. The NOEC for non-lethal effects (reproduction) was 0.02 ug per litre. The MATC for reproduction effects was 0.024 ug per litre. For C. variegatus, the 96-h LC50 value was 2.0 ug per litre. In the chronic test, no fish survived exposure to 1.2 and 2.3 ug per litre for 28 d. The lowest observed effect concentration for survival was 0.34 ug per litre and the NOEC was 0.17 ug per litre. The MATC was 0.24 ug per litre for both lethal and non-lethal endpoints. The azinphos-methyl acute-to-chronic ratios for M. bahia and C. variegatus were 12 and 8.3, respectively. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Morton, M G AU - Mayer, F L AU - Dickson, K L AU - Waller, W T AU - Moore, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Dallas, Tex. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 436 EP - 441 VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13625156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+and+chronic+toxicity+of+azinphos-methyl+to+two+estuarine+species%2C+Mysidopsis+bahia+and+Cyprinodon+variegatus&rft.au=Morton%2C+M+G%3BMayer%2C+F+L%3BDickson%2C+K+L%3BWaller%2C+W+T%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Morton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salinity tolerance of Daphnia magna and potential use for estuarine sediment toxicity tests AN - 13623559; 199803222 AB - Acute and chronic tolerance of Daphnia magna to salinity and its suitability for tests with estuarine water and sediments was determined. Variability in species age, test length and temperature did not significantly effect LC50, NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) or LOAEL (lowest observed adverse effect level) values. The mean LC50 for all of the tests at 2, 7 and 21 d was 6.6 g per litre. The mean NOAEL value based on survival and number of young produced was 5.9 and 4.6 g per litre, respectively, and the corresponding LOAEL was 8.5 and 6.9 g per litre, respectively. D. magna could survive and reproduce in tests where freshwater sediment is overlain by salt water (salinity below 4 g per litre) and where estuarine sediment is overlain by freshwater. D. magna could be valuable in monitoring sediment toxicity from sites upstream in a river to down through an estuary. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Stutzman, T W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 194 EP - 198 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13623559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Salinity+tolerance+of+Daphnia+magna+and+potential+use+for+estuarine+sediment+toxicity+tests&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BStutzman%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid using a fluorescence immunoanalyser AN - 13622312; 199803269 AB - Competitive flow fluorescence immunoassay methods for the determination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were developed using a KinExA immunoanalyser with antibody- or antigen-coated poly(methyl methacrylate) particles as a renewable solid phase. The dynamic range was 10 ug per litre to 10 mg per litre using a polyclonal antibody-coated bead format, 2 ug per litre to 20 mg per litre using polyclonal antibody in the antigen-coated bead format and 0.1 to 100 ug per litre using monoclonal antibody in the antigen-coated bead format. The antibody-coated bead format was applied to the determination of 2,4-D in spiked river and well water samples and a buffer control. The response for river water was slightly lower than those for the buffer and well water matrices, possibly due to interference from humic substances. The relative errors for the environmental matrices were similar to those for the buffer control. The method showed cross-reactivity with several structurally-related compounds but not with structurally-unrelated compounds. JF - Analyst (London) AU - Rogers, K R AU - Kohl, S D AU - Riddick, LA AU - Glass, T AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1107 EP - 1111 VL - 122 IS - 10 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - 2,4-d KW - Bead KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13622312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Detection+of+2%2C4-dichlorophenoxyacetic+acid+using+a+fluorescence+immunoanalyser&rft.au=Rogers%2C+K+R%3BKohl%2C+S+D%3BRiddick%2C+LA%3BGlass%2C+T&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity of three carrier solvents using embryos of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio AN - 13619471; 199803475 AB - Grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, embryos were used in 2 assays to determine the development toxicity of 3 carrier solvents: ethanol (EtOH); dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO); and acetone. The 4 d assay used embryos at the tissue cap stage (3 d after oviposition) and examined mortality and hatching after the test period. The 12 d assay measured survival and development end points (abnormalities of the eye, yolk, heart, head, hepatopancreas and telson) in tissue cap stage embryos through 2 d post-hatch for the test period. Mean LC50 determined using the 4 d assay were 12.07, 22.57 and 6.78 g per litre for EtOH, DMSO and acetone, respectively. Mean LC50 determined using the 12 d assay were 3.63, 12.33 and 6.94 g per litre for EtOH, DMSO and acetone, respectively. Coefficients of variation for LC50 values ranged from 3.4-25.2 per cent. Based on concentration response curves, the chemicals tested may be used as carrier solvents in P. pugio assays at levels below 1, 6 and 4 g per litre for EtOH, DMSO and acetone, respectively. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Rayburn, J R AU - Fisher, W S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 217 EP - 221 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Dimethylsulfoxide KW - Dimethylsulphoxide KW - Hepatopancreas KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13619471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+of+three+carrier+solvents+using+embryos+of+the+grass+shrimp%2C+Palaemonetes+pugio&rft.au=Rayburn%2C+J+R%3BFisher%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Rayburn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory implications: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. AN - 78649333; 8993578 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Fenner-Crisp, P A AD - Office of Pesticide Programs (7501C), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D. C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/12/27/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Dec 27 SP - 636 EP - 640 VL - 804 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Microbodies -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78649333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Regulatory+implications%3A+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency.&rft.au=Fenner-Crisp%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Fenner-Crisp&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-12-27&rft.volume=804&rft.issue=&rft.spage=636&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of influenza virus infection on ovalbumin-specific IgE responses to inhaled antigen in the rat. AN - 78634901; 8977628 AB - Upper respiratory tract viral infections have been reported in clinical studies to serve as risk factors for allergic sensitization. In order to study the relationship linking influenza virus illnesses to development of allergy, murine models of allergen sensitization were previously employed. These models showed that lethal influenza viruses were able to trigger allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) production and to inhibit tolerance to repeated exposure to aerosolized allergen in the mouse. The disadvantage of these murine models consists in the utilization of virulant and lethal strains of influenza virus. A nonlethal rat-adapted influenza virus (RAIV) host resistance model has been developed in our laboratory. It was used to evaluate the effect of influenza virus infection on IgE responses to inhaled ovalbumin (OA) in the rat. The high IgE-responder Brown-Norway (BN) rat was chosen for further study after comparing the IgE response to OA in Fischer 344 (F344) and BN rats. On d 1, BN rats were sensitized by administration of 1 mg OA subcutaneously alone or together with aluminum hydroxide (200 mg) and Bordetella pertussis (15 x 10(9) killed bacilli per rat in 1 ml), or only received saline. Rats were either infected with RAIV or sham-infected on d 0 (24 h prior to sensitization) or on d 15, 17, or 57. Rats were exposed for 3 min to aerosolized OA (OA 3% in phosphate-buffered saline) every week, starting on d 18. Serum OA-specific IgE was evaluated by reverse enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 3 d after each OA challenge. BN rats elicited a detectable OA-specific IgE response that decreased after repeated aerosol exposures. Influenza virus infection transiently increased the OA-specific IgE response when rats were immunized with OA alone and were infected 1 d prior to the first challenge and also when rats received only saline on d 1, were exposed each week to aerosolized OA, and were infected prior to the seventh challenge. These results, with data previously reported in mice, emphasize the importance of upper respiratory tract viral infection in increasing IgE responses to allergens and may be of importance in human disease. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Lebrec, H AU - Sarlo, K AU - Burleson, G R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/12/27/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Dec 27 SP - 619 EP - 630 VL - 49 IS - 6 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Immunoglobulin E KW - 37341-29-0 KW - Ovalbumin KW - 9006-59-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Virus Replication KW - Animals KW - Viral Plaque Assay KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections -- physiopathology KW - Rats, Inbred BN KW - Rats KW - Hypersensitivity -- immunology KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Risk Factors KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Female KW - Ovalbumin -- toxicity KW - Ovalbumin -- administration & dosage KW - Immunoglobulin E -- biosynthesis KW - Orthomyxoviridae -- pathogenicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78634901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Effect+of+influenza+virus+infection+on+ovalbumin-specific+IgE+responses+to+inhaled+antigen+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Lebrec%2C+H%3BSarlo%2C+K%3BBurleson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Lebrec&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-12-27&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The carcinogenicity of dichloroacetic acid in the male Fischer 344 rat. AN - 78636766; 8980710 AB - The chlorinated acetic acids, in particular dichloroacetic acid (DCA), are found as chlorine disinfection by-products in finished drinking water supplies. DCA has previously been demonstrated to be a mouse liver carcinogen. Chronic studies are described in which male Fischer (F344) rats were exposed to DCA in their drinking water. In the first study, 28 day old rats were exposed to a regimen of 0.05, 0.5 and 5.0 g/l DCA. When animals in the high dose group began to exhibit peripheral hind leg neuropathy, the dose was lowered in stages to 1 g/l. These animals were sacrificed at 60 weeks due to the severe, irreversible neuropathy and were not included in this analysis. The remaining groups of animals were treated for 100 weeks. In the second study, rats were initially exposed to 2.5 g/l DCA which was lowered to 1 g/l after 18 weeks. The mean daily concentration (MDC) of 1.6 g/l was calculated over the 103 week exposure period. Time-weighted mean daily doses (MDD) based on measured water consumption were 3.6, 40.2 and 139 mg/kg bw/day for the 0.05, 0.5 and 1.6 g/l DCA respectively. Based upon the pathologic examination, DCA induced observable signs of toxicity in the nervous system, liver and myocardium. However, treatment related neoplastic lesions were observed only in the liver. A statistically significant increase of carcinogenicity (hepatocellular carcinoma) was noted at 1.6 g/l DCA. Exposure to 0.5 g/l DCA increased-hepatocellular neoplasia, (carcinoma and adenoma) at 100 weeks. These data demonstrate that DCA is an hepatocarcinogen to the male F344 rat. Calculation of the MDD at which 50% of the animals exhibited liver neoplasia indicated that the F344 male rat (approximately 10 mg/kg bw/day) is ten times more sensitive than the B6C3F1 male mouse (approximately 100 mg/kg bw/day). A "no observed effects level' (NOEL) of 0.05 g/l (3.6 mg/kg/day) was the same as for the mouse (3-8 mg/kg/day). JF - Toxicology AU - DeAngelo, A B AU - Daniel, F B AU - Most, B M AU - Olson, G R AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/12/18/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Dec 18 SP - 207 EP - 221 VL - 114 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Palmitoyl Coenzyme A KW - 1763-10-6 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Mitotic Index -- drug effects KW - Water Supply KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Palmitoyl Coenzyme A -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Palmitoyl Coenzyme A -- biosynthesis KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- administration & dosage KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78636766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+carcinogenicity+of+dichloroacetic+acid+in+the+male+Fischer+344+rat.&rft.au=DeAngelo%2C+A+B%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BMost%2C+B+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=DeAngelo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-12-18&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-23 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disruption of inositol phosphate accumulation in cerebellar granule cells by polychlorinated biphenyls: a consequence of altered Ca2+ homeostasis. AN - 78685545; 8975770 AB - The present study examined the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis as potential mechanisms underlying effects of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCB) on inositol phosphate (IP) signaling in cerebellar granule cells. DCB (100 microM) increased basal IP accumulation in cerebellar granule cells when the extracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]e) was 0.75 mM but not when [Ca2+]e was 1 microM. Ionomycin (0.1 to 30 microM), a Ca2+ ionophore, also increased basal IP accumulation and [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner in cerebellar granule cells in the absence of DCB; increases in basal IP accumulation induced by 100 microM DCB were not additive with ionomycin. Ionomycin also disrupted carbachol (CARB, 1 mM)-stimulated IP accumulation. A 30-min preincubation with 0.3 or 1.0 microM ionomycin decreased CARB-stimulated IP accumulation, whereas simultaneous addition of 1.0 and 10 microM ionomycin with CARB increased and decreased, respectively, IP accumulation. DCB caused concentration-dependent increases in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in cerebellar granule cells under experimental conditions identical to those used to measure IP accumulation. Following a one-half hour exposure to DMSO, 50 or 100 microM DCB, the [Ca2+]i was 36, 103, and 453 nM, respectively. We examined whether direct or indirect activation of PKC underlies DCB-induced inhibition of agonist-stimulated IP accumulation. DCB (100 microM) did not alter PKC activity in cytosolic or membrane fractions of granule cell homogenates. In intact cells, 50 nM phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate (PMA) inhibited CARB-stimulated IP accumulation by 80%, an effect which was blocked completely by the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (2 microM; BIM). However, inhibition of CARB-stimulated IP accumulation (90%) induced by 100 microM DCB was not relieved by BIM. These results suggest that (1) perturbations of Ca2+ homeostasis may underlie DCB effects on IP accumulation, (2) at a time which corresponds to addition of agonists in IP accumulation assays, [Ca2+]i is elevated in cerebellar granule cells exposed to DCB, and (3) activation of PKC is not a mechanism by which DCB inhibits agonist-stimulated IP accumulation. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Shafer, T J AU - Mundy, W R AU - Tilson, H A AU - Kodavanti, P R AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 448 EP - 455 VL - 141 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Inositol Phosphates KW - 0 KW - 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl KW - 1433W7U14D KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Protein Kinase C -- physiology KW - Homeostasis -- drug effects KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Inositol Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78685545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Disruption+of+inositol+phosphate+accumulation+in+cerebellar+granule+cells+by+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3A+a+consequence+of+altered+Ca2%2B+homeostasis.&rft.au=Shafer%2C+T+J%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BTilson%2C+H+A%3BKodavanti%2C+P+R&rft.aulast=Shafer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Texas+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00404403&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-06 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic inhalation toxicity and carcinogenicity testing of respirable fibrous particles. Workshop report. AN - 78635421; 8975745 AB - On May 8-10, 1995, a workshop on chronic inhalation toxicity and carcinogenicity testing of respirable fibrous particles was held in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The workshop was sponsored by the Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in collaboration with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The goal of the workshop was to obtain input from the scientific community on a number of issues related to fiber testing. Major issues for discussion were: (i) the optimal design and conduct of studies of the health effects of chronic inhalation exposure of animals to fibers; (ii) preliminary studies which would be useful guides in designing the chronic exposure study; (iii) mechanistic studies which would be important adjuncts to the chronic exposure study to enable better interpretation of study results and extrapolation of potential effects in exposed humans; and (iv) available screening tests which can be used to develop a minimum data set for (a) making decisions about the potential health hazard of the fibers and (b) prioritizing the need for further testing in a chronic inhalation study. After extensive discussion and debate of the workshop issues, the general consensus of the expert panel is that chronic inhalation studies of fibers in the rat are the most appropriate tests for predicting inhalation hazard and risk of fibers to humans. A number of guidances specific for the design and conduct of prechronic and chronic inhalation studies of fibers in rodents were recommended. For instance, it was recommended that along with other information (decrease in body weight, systemic toxicity, etc.), data should be obtained on lung burdens and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis to assist in establishing the chronic exposure levels. Lung burden data are also important for quantifying aspects of risk assessment related to dosimetric adjustments before extrapolation. Although mechanistic studies are not recommended as part of the standard chronic inhalation studies, the expert panel stressed the need for obtaining mechanistic information as far as possible during the course of subchronic or chronic inhalation studies. At present, no single assay and battery of short-term assays can predict the outcome of a chronic inhalation bioassay with respect to carcinogenic effects. Meanwhile, several short-term in vitro and in vivo studies that may be useful to assess the relative potential of fibrous substances to cause lung toxicity/carcinogenicity have been identified. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Vu, V AU - Barrett, J C AU - Roycroft, J AU - Schuman, L AU - Dankovic, D AU - Bbaro, P AU - Martonen, T AU - Pepelko, W AU - Lai, D AD - Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (7403), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 202 EP - 212 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Dust KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Government Agencies KW - Health Planning Guidelines KW - Research Design -- standards KW - Chronic Disease KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Dust -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78635421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Chronic+inhalation+toxicity+and+carcinogenicity+testing+of+respirable+fibrous+particles.+Workshop+report.&rft.au=Vu%2C+V%3BBarrett%2C+J+C%3BRoycroft%2C+J%3BSchuman%2C+L%3BDankovic%2C+D%3BBbaro%2C+P%3BMartonen%2C+T%3BPepelko%2C+W%3BLai%2C+D&rft.aulast=Vu&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ligand-based identification of environmental estrogens. AN - 78597885; 8951225 AB - Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) paradigm, was used to examine the estrogen receptor (ER) binding affinities of a series of structurally diverse natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals of interest. The CoMFA/3D-QSAR model is statistically robust and internally consistent, and successfully illustrates that the overall steric and electrostatic properties of structurally diverse ligands for the estrogen receptor are both necessary and sufficient to describe the binding affinity. The ability of the model to accurately predict the ER binding affinity of an external test set of molecules suggests that structure-based 3D-QSAR models may be used to supplement the process of endocrine disruptor identification through prioritization of novel compounds for bioassay. The general application of this 3D-QSAR model within a toxicological framework is, at present, limited only by the quantity and quality of biological data for relevant biomarkers of toxicity and hormonal responsiveness. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Waller, C L AU - Oprea, T I AU - Chae, K AU - Park, H K AU - Korach, K S AU - Laws, S C AU - Wiese, T E AU - Kelce, W R AU - Gray, L E AD - Experimental Toxicology Divisions, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. waller@thor.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 1240 EP - 1248 VL - 9 IS - 8 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Ligands KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Index Medicus KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Models, Molecular KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Mice KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Estrogens -- metabolism KW - Estrogens -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78597885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Ligand-based+identification+of+environmental+estrogens.&rft.au=Waller%2C+C+L%3BOprea%2C+T+I%3BChae%2C+K%3BPark%2C+H+K%3BKorach%2C+K+S%3BLaws%2C+S+C%3BWiese%2C+T+E%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BGray%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Morphology of lead(II) and chromium(III) reaction products on phyllosilicate surfaces as determined by atomic force microscopy AN - 52722670; 1997-038550 AB - Redox and acid-base reactions play important roles in the fate of metal contaminants in soils and sediments. The presence of significant amounts of Cr, Pb and other toxic heavy metals in contaminated soils and sediments is of great environmental concern. Oxidation states and dissolution characteristics of the heavy metals can exert negative effects on the natural environment. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to follow the changes in morphology and structure of reaction products of Cr and Pb formed on mineral surfaces. Nitrate salts of Cr(III) and Pb(II) were used to replace the native exchangeable cations on muscovite and smectite surfaces and the metal-mineral systems were then reacted at different pH's and redox conditions. For Pb, aggregate morphological forms were found at pH 6.1 and 12.4. At pH 6.1, the mean roughness value was 0.70 nm, and at pH 12.4 it was 5.30 nm. The fractal dimensions were 2.03 at pH 6.1 and 2.05 at pH 12.4. For Cr(III), both layered and aggregate morphological forms were found at pH 6.8 and 10.8. The mean roughness values were 0.90 nm at pH 6.8 and 4.3 nm at pH 10.8. Fractal dimensions for both were 2.00. The effect of redox conditions on morphological characteristics was studied on a smectite substrate. The reduced clays were more compacted than oxidized ones and the reduced clay could reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III), forming new minerals on the surfaces. A geochemical equilibrium model, MINTEQA2, was used to simulate the experimental conditions and predict possible reaction products. Simulation results agreed well with data from experiments, providing evidence that modeling can provide a useful "reality check" for such studies. Together, MINTEQA2 and AFM can provide important information for evaluating the morphologies and chemical reactivities of metal reaction products formed on phyllosilicate surfaces under varying environmental conditions. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Gan, Huamin AU - Bailey, George W AU - Yu, Y Shane Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 734 EP - 743 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 44 IS - 6 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - processes KW - experimental studies KW - muscovite KW - clay mineralogy KW - data processing KW - atomic force microscopy KW - smectite KW - lead KW - MINTEQA2 KW - clay minerals KW - morphology KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - mica group KW - metals KW - digital simulation KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - chromium KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52722670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Morphology+of+lead%28II%29+and+chromium%28III%29+reaction+products+on+phyllosilicate+surfaces+as+determined+by+atomic+force+microscopy&rft.au=Gan%2C+Huamin%3BBailey%2C+George+W%3BYu%2C+Y+Shane&rft.aulast=Gan&rft.aufirst=Huamin&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=734&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy; atomic force microscopy data; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chromium; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; data processing; digital simulation; experimental studies; geochemistry; lead; metals; mica group; MINTEQA2; morphology; muscovite; pH; phase equilibria; processes; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adverse health effects due to soil and water acidification; a Swedish research program AN - 52716528; 1997-037296 JF - Ambio AU - Oskarsson, Agneta AU - Nordberg, Gunnar AU - Block, Mats AU - Rasmussen, Finn AU - Petterson, Rolf AU - Skerfving, Staffan AU - Vahter, Marie AU - Glynn, Anders Wicklund AU - Oborn, Ingrid AU - Heikensten, Marie-Louise AU - Thuvander, Ann Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 527 EP - 531 PB - Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm VL - 25 IS - 8 SN - 0044-7447, 0044-7447 KW - water quality KW - selenium KW - medical geology KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - drinking water KW - cadmium KW - acidic composition KW - trace elements KW - mobility KW - fallout KW - rain KW - soils KW - programs KW - toxic materials KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - research KW - acid rain KW - Scandinavia KW - metals KW - acidification KW - Sweden KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52716528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ambio&rft.atitle=Adverse+health+effects+due+to+soil+and+water+acidification%3B+a+Swedish+research+program&rft.au=Oskarsson%2C+Agneta%3BNordberg%2C+Gunnar%3BBlock%2C+Mats%3BRasmussen%2C+Finn%3BPetterson%2C+Rolf%3BSkerfving%2C+Staffan%3BVahter%2C+Marie%3BGlynn%2C+Anders+Wicklund%3BOborn%2C+Ingrid%3BHeikensten%2C+Marie-Louise%3BThuvander%2C+Ann&rft.aulast=Oskarsson&rft.aufirst=Agneta&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ambio&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMBOCX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidic composition; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; cadmium; drinking water; Europe; fallout; medical geology; metals; mobility; pollutants; pollution; programs; rain; research; Scandinavia; selenium; soils; surface water; Sweden; toxic materials; trace elements; water quality; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sodium-copper exchange on Wyoming montmorillonite in chloride, perchlorate, nitrate, and sulfate solutions AN - 52610459; 1998-030633 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Zhang, Z Z AU - Sparks, D L Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 1750 EP - 1757 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 60 IS - 6 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - copper KW - sodium ion KW - halogens KW - anion exchange KW - aqueous solutions KW - copper ion KW - chemical reactions KW - chloride ion KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - montmorillonite KW - soils KW - chlorine KW - anions KW - sulfate ion KW - cation exchange capacity KW - alkali metals KW - electrolytes KW - sodium KW - perchlorate KW - clay minerals KW - Wyoming KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52610459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Sodium-copper+exchange+on+Wyoming+montmorillonite+in+chloride%2C+perchlorate%2C+nitrate%2C+and+sulfate+solutions&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Z+Z%3BSparks%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1750&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Del. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Paper Contrib. No. 1601 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; anion exchange; anions; aqueous solutions; cation exchange capacity; chemical reactions; chloride ion; chlorine; clay minerals; copper; copper ion; electrolytes; geochemistry; halogens; metals; montmorillonite; nitrate ion; perchlorate; sheet silicates; silicates; sodium; sodium ion; soils; sulfate ion; United States; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental exposure to benzene: an update. AN - 21245178; 7716584 AB - During the 1990s, several large-scale studies of benzene concentrations in air, food, and blood have added to our knowledge of its environmental occurrence. In general, the new studies have confirmed the earlier findings of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) studies and other large-scale studies in Germany and the Netherlands concerning the levels of exposure and major sources. For example, the new studies found that personal exposures exceeded indoor concentrations of benzene, which in turn exceeded outdoor concentrations. The new studies of food concentrations have confirmed earlier indications that food is not an important pathway for benzene exposure. The results of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on blood levels in a nationwide sample of 883 persons are in good agreement with the concentrations in exhaled breath measured in about 800 persons a decade earlier in the TEAM studies. Major sources of exposure continue to be active and passive smoking, auto exhaust, and driving or riding in automobiles. New methods in breath and blood sampling and analysis offer opportunities to investigate short-term peak exposures and resulting body burden under almost any conceivable field conditions. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wallace, L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Reston, Virginia., wallace.lance@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 1129 EP - 1136 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 VL - 104 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Motor vehicles KW - Nutrition KW - Benzene KW - Blood levels KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Passive smoking KW - body burden KW - Automotive exhaust emissions KW - Germany KW - Netherlands KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21245178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+exposure+to+benzene%3A+an+update.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Netherlands; USA; Germany; Benzene; Blood levels; Nutrition; EPA; Motor vehicles; body burden; Automotive exhaust emissions; Passive smoking ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence in soil of transgenic plant produced Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki delta -endotoxin AN - 16086228; 4111978 AB - Transgenic plants that produce pesticidal proteins will release these proteins into the soil when these plants are incorporated into the soil by tillage or as leaf litter. Little is known about the fate and persistence of transgenic plant pesticidal products in the soil. We used a model system of transgenic cotton that produces Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki delta -endotoxin (Btk toxin) to evaluate the persistence of transgenic pesticides in soil. Purified Btk toxin or transgenic cotton leaves containing Btk toxin were added to soil in five different microcosm experiments in concentrations ranging from 1 to 1600 ng Btk toxin/g soil. The concentration of the extractable Btk toxin was measured for up to 140 days. An initial rapid decline in extractable toxin concentration in the first 14 days, followed by a slower decline, was observed in four of the five experiments. At the end of the experiments, Btk toxin from transgenic plant tissue was undetectable (less than 0.1% of starting concentration) in two of the microcosm experiments and at 3, 16, and 35% of the original amounts in the other experiments. In addition, experiments using gamma -irradiated sterilized soil indicated that the observed decline in extractable toxin concentration was due largely to biotic degradation rather than to physical adsorption by the soil. JF - Canadian Journal of Microbiology/Revue Canadienne de Microbiologie AU - Palm, C J AU - Schaller, D L AU - Donegan, K K AU - Seidler, R J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 1258 EP - 1262 VL - 42 IS - 12 SN - 0008-4166, 0008-4166 KW - delta -endotoxin KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - biological control KW - transgenic plants KW - Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki KW - soil KW - A 01014:Others KW - W2 32445:Pest control KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16086228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Microbiologie&rft.atitle=Persistence+in+soil+of+transgenic+plant+produced+Bacillus+thuringiensis+var.+kurstaki+delta+-endotoxin&rft.au=Palm%2C+C+J%3BSchaller%2C+D+L%3BDonegan%2C+K+K%3BSeidler%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Palm&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Microbiologie&rft.issn=00084166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biological control; transgenic plants; soil; Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A QSAR evaluation of Ah receptor binding of halogenated aromatic xenobiotics AN - 15934367; 4046696 AB - Because of their widespread occurrence and substantial biological activity, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) comprise one of the more important classes of contaminants in the environment. Some chemicals in this class cause adverse biological effects after binding to an intracellular cytosolic protein called the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Toxic responses such as thymic atrophy, weight loss, immunotoxicity, and acute lethality, as well as induction of cytochrome P4501A1, have been correlated with the relative affinity of PCBs, PCDFs, and PCDDs for the AhR. Therefore, an important step in predicting the effects of these chemicals is the estimation of their binding to the receptor. To date, however, the use of quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models to estimate binding affinity across multiple chemical classes has shown only modest success possibly due, in part, to a focus on minimum energy chemical structures as the active molecules. In this study, we evaluated the use of structural conformations other than those of minimum energy for the purpose of developing a model for AhR binding affinity that encompasses more of the halogenated aromatic chemicals known to interact with the receptor. Resultant QSAR models were robust, showing good utility across multiple classes of halogenated aromatic compounds. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Mekenyan, O G AU - Veith, G D AU - Call, D J AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804 USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 1302 EP - 1310 VL - 104 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - structure-activity relationship KW - PCB KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxins KW - Ah receptors KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - xenobiotics KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15934367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+QSAR+evaluation+of+Ah+receptor+binding+of+halogenated+aromatic+xenobiotics&rft.au=Mekenyan%2C+O+G%3BVeith%2C+G+D%3BCall%2C+D+J%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Mekenyan&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1302&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - halogenated hydrocarbons; xenobiotics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response relationship for rat liver DNA damage caused by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine AN - 15931244; 4046697 AB - An experimental approach was taken to the question of dose-response curves for chemical carcinogenesis, using DNA damage as a biomarker. Female rats were given 13 different doses of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (from 1.4 to 135 000 mu g/kg) and the subsequent hepatic DNA damage was determined by the alkaline elution technique. DMH doses below 450 mu g/kg did not significantly damage DNA; all DMH doses of 1000 mu g/kg or higher damaged rat hepatic DNA (P < 0.05). In this study the x values (dose) ranged over five orders of magnitude and the y values (DNA damage) ranged 30-fold. Ten different regression models (linear, quadratic, cubic, power, and six nonlinear transition models) were compared in their ability to fit the experimental data. With respect to log transformed dose, the six nonlinear transition equations fit the data considerably better than the four power type of equations. A sigmoid model fit to the log transformed dose of 1,2-dimethlyhydrazine had an r super(2) of 0.9979, a degree of freedom adjusted r super(2) of 0.9969, a F-statistic of 1,457, and a fit standard error of 0.50. With respect to untransformed dose, only three equations (sigmoid, cascade and gaussian cumulative) could creditably fit the DMH data. The experimental results are interpreted with respect to hormesis, use of log transformed dose, sigmoid dose-response models, thresholds of biological response and cancer risk assessment. JF - Toxicology AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AD - Biochemistry and Pathobiology Branch, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 113 EP - 124 VL - 114 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - dose-response effects KW - rats KW - 1,2-dimethylhydrazine KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA damage KW - liver KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15931244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dose-response+relationship+for+rat+liver+DNA+damage+caused+by+1%2C2-dimethylhydrazine&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA damage; liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stimulation of human and rat alveolar macrophages by urban air particulates: Effects on oxidant radical generation and cytokine production AN - 15892936; 4038788 AB - A number of epidemiological studies have associated increased cardiopulmonary mortality and hospital admissions with episodes of high particulate air pollution. Inhaled particles, with a mass median aerodynamic diameter 167 mu g/ml were also cytotoxic. Subcytotoxic concentrations of OFA induced a strong immediate chemiluminescence response by AM. A small but significant chemiluminescence response was induced by two out of three UAP tested, while no chemiluminescence was generated in response to DD. The magnitude of particle-induced chemiluminescence was not predictive of a cytokine response by either human or rat AM. TNF and IL-6 production was strongly induced by UAP over a range of noncytotoxic concentrations of particles. OFA induced only small amounts of TNF in a subset of human AM preparations, but not in rat AM. The AM cytokine response to UAP was partly inhibitable by polymyxin B, but not by the iron chelator deferoxamine, indicating that endotoxins but not transitional iron were cytokine-inducing moieties in the tested UAP preparations. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Becker, S AU - Soukup, J M AU - Gilmour, MI AU - Devlin, R B AD - EPA, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 637 EP - 648 VL - 141 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - man KW - rats KW - macrophages KW - airborne particulates KW - free radicals KW - cytokines KW - urban environments KW - particulate pollution KW - interleukin 6 KW - tumor necrosis factor KW - urban areas KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - pollution effects KW - public health KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15892936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Stimulation+of+human+and+rat+alveolar+macrophages+by+urban+air+particulates%3A+Effects+on+oxidant+radical+generation+and+cytokine+production&rft.au=Becker%2C+S%3BSoukup%2C+J+M%3BGilmour%2C+MI%3BDevlin%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=637&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; public health; pollution effects; urban areas; macrophages; airborne particulates; free radicals; urban environments; particulate pollution; interleukin 6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subcellular localization of TCDD differs between the liver, lungs, and kidneys after acute and subchronic exposure: Species/dose comparisons and possible mechanism AN - 15834908; 4007866 AB - Subcellular localization of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds has been examined only in the liver. The objective of this study was (1) to examine and compare the subcellular distribution of TCDD within hepatic and nonhepatic (lungs/kidneys) tissues of female Sprague-Dawley rats acutely exposed to TCDD, (2) to analyze species comparisons in the subcellular localization of TCDD in multiple tissues, (3) to investigate the effect of dose on subcellular distribution of TCDD, (4) to analyze the effect of subchronic exposure on the subcellular distribution of TCDD, and (5) to examine one possible mechanism for subcellular localization of TCDD. Female Sprague-Dawley rats and B6C3F1 mice received a single oral dose of 0.1, 1.0, or 10 mu g [ super(3)H]TCDD/kg body weight and subcellular fractions of the liver, lungs, and kidneys were prepared by differential centrifugation 3 days after exposure. Analysis of the rat subcellular fractions revealed that TCDD was equally distributed between the hepatic P9 (mitochondrial, lysosomal, and nuclear) and S9 (cytosol and microsomal) fractions at all doses tested. In contrast, TCDD was concentrated in the P9 of rat nonhepatic tissues at all doses studied. Differential centrifugation of the hepatic S9 showed that TCDD was localized within the hepatic P100 (microsomal) fraction at all doses tested. In contrast, TCDD localized in pulmonary and renal S100 (cytosolic) fractions at all doses. The subcellular distribution of TCDD in the liver and lungs of acutely exposed B6C3F1 mice was similar to that observed in the rats. Although TCDD was concentrated within the renal P9, the remainder of TCDD in the S9 was evenly distributed between the S100 and the P100 fractions of acutely exposed B6C3F1 mice. Subchronic exposure of B6C3F1 mice to 1.5 or 150 ng [ super(3)H]TCDD/kg/day revealed that increasing dose resulted in equal distribution of TCDD between the hepatic S9 and P9 versus concentration in the renal P9. In addition, a dose-dependent increase in accumulation of TCDD in the hepatic P100 was accompanied by a dose-dependent increase in TCDD localization in the renal S100 of mice subchronically exposed to TCDD. TCDD exposure in rats resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the induction of CYP1A1 protein and associated enzyme activity in hepatic, pulmonary, and renal microsomes. TCDD-induced CYP1A2 protein levels and associated enzymatic activity were only present in hepatic microsomes. This is the first report to suggest that subcellular distribution of TCDD differs between hepatic and nonhepatic tissues and demonstrate that the liver-specific microsomal localization of TCDD in female Sprague-Dawley rats also occurs in the liver of female B6C3F1 mice acutely or subchronically exposed to TCDD. In addition, these data are consistent with the hypothesis that the hepatic sequestration of TCDD is due to an interaction with CYP1A2. Furthermore, the lack of pulmonary/renal sequestration coupled with the lack of localization of TCDD in pulmonary/renal microsomes also supports the role of CYP1A2 as a hepatic microsomal binding protein involved in TCDD sequestration. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Santostefano, MJ AU - Johnson, K L AU - Whisnant, NA AU - Richardson, V M AU - DeVito, MJ AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Division, Pharmacokinetics Branch, Mail Drop-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 265 EP - 275 VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - rats KW - TCDD KW - CYP1A1 protein KW - CYP1A2 protein KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - liver KW - kidney KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15834908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Subcellular+localization+of+TCDD+differs+between+the+liver%2C+lungs%2C+and+kidneys+after+acute+and+subchronic+exposure%3A+Species%2Fdose+comparisons+and+possible+mechanism&rft.au=Santostefano%2C+MJ%3BJohnson%2C+K+L%3BWhisnant%2C+NA%3BRichardson%2C+V+M%3BDeVito%2C+MJ%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Santostefano&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liver; lung; kidney ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A database designed to support dose-response analysis and risk assessment. AN - 78551034; 8931763 AB - Risk assessment for various human exposures depends on evaluation of existing toxicological literature from a variety of sources. Risk assessors may have limited resources for obtaining raw data, performing additional analyses and initiating new laboratory or epidemiological studies. These constraints must be balanced against a need to improve scientific credibility by developing improved statistical and analytical methods that optimize the use of the available information. A database is described that was designed specifically to support emerging analytical approaches for dose-response assessment, while accommodating the diverse nature of published literature. The database allows entry of exposure and response information in a relational multi-table design, with closely controlled standard fields for recording values and free-text fields for describing unique aspects of a study. To include data needed for current as well as proposed methods, multiple fields were created for different data types and for exposure characterization. The database structure allows rapid access to, and versatile use of, toxicological data for dose-response analyses. JF - Toxicology AU - Guth, D J AU - Raymond, T S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment-RTP, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/11/15/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Nov 15 SP - 81 EP - 90 VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Information Systems KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Computer Simulation KW - Sex Factors KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Aging KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78551034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+database+designed+to+support+dose-response+analysis+and+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Guth%2C+D+J%3BRaymond%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Guth&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-11-15&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-19 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of capillary electrophoresis/laser-induced fluorescence detection to groundwater migration studies. AN - 78739114; 9384723 AB - Capillary electrophoresis has been applied to the determination of groundwater migration based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection and traditional spectrofluorimetry. Detection limits of injected dye-fluorescent whitening agent (tinopal) in the low ppt ranges have been accomplished with both a spectrofluorometer and with CE/LIF based on the HeCd laser. The real-world problem was the determination of groundwater migration between adjacent Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and Superfund sites. Fluorescent dyes were injected into wells and were discovered in monitoring wells by extracting pads that adsorbed the dye. The methodology based on CE/LIF exhibits increased specificity over existing methodology due to the separation and unique migration time of the dye. Additional studies were aimed at achieving sub-ppt levels in the water directly using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and field-amplified injection techniques. JF - Journal of capillary electrophoresis AU - Brumley, W C AU - Ferguson, P L AU - Grange, A H AU - Donnelly, J L AU - Farley, J W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Characterization Research Division, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 295 EP - 299 VL - 3 IS - 6 SN - 1079-5383, 1079-5383 KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence -- methods KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary -- methods KW - Fresh Water -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78739114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.atitle=Applications+of+capillary+electrophoresis%2Flaser-induced+fluorescence+detection+to+groundwater+migration+studies.&rft.au=Brumley%2C+W+C%3BFerguson%2C+P+L%3BGrange%2C+A+H%3BDonnelly%2C+J+L%3BFarley%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Brumley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.issn=10795383&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental designs, statistics and interpretation. AN - 78718907; 9119334 AB - The Working Group on Experimental Designs, Statistics and Interpretation considered the use of statistics in combination toxicology, the terminology used to describe the interaction(s) of chemicals, the use of efficient experimental designs to minimize animal use, the diverse interests and goals covered by combination toxicology and approaches useful for complex mixtures. The importance of the use of appropriate experimental designs and statistical methodology was recognized. Given the present lack of consensus on terminology and methodology, it is recommended that investigators provide in their publications the definition of additivity and the mathematical model being used. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Simmons, J E AU - Gennings, C AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 1169 EP - 1171 VL - 34 IS - 11-12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Animal Testing Alternatives KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Models, Chemical KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Terminology as Topic KW - Research Design -- trends KW - Drug Interactions KW - Toxicology -- standards KW - Toxicology -- trends KW - Research Design -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78718907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Experimental+designs%2C+statistics+and+interpretation.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E%3BGennings%2C+C&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=1169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling to combination toxicology. AN - 78711420; 9119317 AB - Non-additive toxicity has been demonstrated in laboratory animals for a large number of temporally separated or concurrent multiple chemical exposures. These exposures are typically at concentrations higher than those found in the environment, leading to the question of the applicability of the results to the human situation. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling has been applied successfully to single chemicals; its utility for extrapolation across species and dose has been demonstrated. Use of PBPK modelling in the study of chemical mixtures is increasing although still limited. The use of PBPK modelling by various investigators in the field of combination toxicology is reviewed. PBPK modelling has been used to examine: the role of increased metabolism in non-additive toxicity resulting from temporally separated exposures; the influence of the time interval separating two chemical exposures; and the role of inhibition of metabolism in concurrent exposure to two chemicals. In summary, development of a PBPK or PBPK/pharmacodynamic model for a combined exposure provides a basis for extrapolation across species, route and dose, and a useful tool for risk assessment. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Simmons, J E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 1067 EP - 1073 VL - 34 IS - 11-12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Pyrazoles KW - Solvents KW - pyrazole KW - 3QD5KJZ7ZJ KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Solvents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Humans KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity KW - Rats KW - Pyrazoles -- toxicity KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Research Design -- standards KW - Models, Chemical KW - Drug Interactions KW - Toxicology -- trends KW - Pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78711420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Application+of+physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+modelling+to+combination+toxicology.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=1067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA seeks public health views on new pesticide law. AN - 78614003; 8955696 JF - Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) AU - Goldman, L R AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC 20460, USA. goldman.lynn@epamail.epa.gov PY - 1996 SP - 512 EP - 514 VL - 111 IS - 6 SN - 0033-3549, 0033-3549 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Registries KW - Infant KW - Public Health KW - Child Welfare -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Child KW - Public Opinion KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Attitude to Health KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78614003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+health+reports+%28Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+1974%29&rft.atitle=EPA+seeks+public+health+views+on+new+pesticide+law.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+health+reports+%28Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+1974%29&rft.issn=00333549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of rat epididymal sperm counts by IVOS HTM-IDENT and hemacytometer. AN - 78574891; 8946567 AB - Epididymal sperm counts, a common measurement in male reproductive toxicity studies, are routinely determined using a hemacytometer. Recently, computer assisted methods for automated sperm counts have been developed. In the present study we evaluated an automated system, the TOX IVOS (Hamilton Thorne Research, Beverly, MA) HTM-IDENT option, that utilizes a DNA-specific stain and fluorescence illumination to identify sperm for enumeration. Cauda and caput epididymal sperm counts were determined in 48 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, using both the hemacytometer and HTM-IDENT. The mean hemacytometer and HTM-IDENT counts (+/- SD) were 250 +/- 43 and 254 +/- 52 million, respectively, for cauda sperm, and 123 +/- 13 and 127 +/- 18 million, respectively, for caput sperm. The average coefficient of variation using the hemacytometer was 13.8% as compared to 17.3% for the HTM-IDENT. Comparison of the machine count and a visual count from the Display Statics screen of the HTM-IDENT indicated that when two or more sperm heads touched or overlapped, the machine counted them as one. Manual (visual) and machine counts when compared over a range of nine concentrations from 3.7 to 47.8 million/mL differed by 4 to 12% at the lowest to highest concentration. The concentration of epididymal sperm samples used in comparing the two counting methods ranged from 5.8 to 17.7 million/mL. Therefore, the HTM-IDENT undercounting error attributable to sperm heads touching was less than 6%. Overall the data indicate good agreement between the HTM-IDENT and the hemacytometer counts. Furthermore, both counting time and technician fatigue were markedly reduced. Thus the HTM-IDENT option improves the efficiency of epididymal sperm counting without loss of precision. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Strader, L F AU - Linder, R E AU - Perreault, S D AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 529 EP - 533 VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Microscopy KW - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Male KW - Epididymis -- cytology KW - Sperm Count -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78574891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+rat+epididymal+sperm+counts+by+IVOS+HTM-IDENT+and+hemacytometer.&rft.au=Strader%2C+L+F%3BLinder%2C+R+E%3BPerreault%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Strader&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-15 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactive effects between 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl in female B6C3F1 mice: tissue distribution and tissue-specific enzyme induction. AN - 78566691; 8937899 AB - The distribution of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 153) was studied in female B6C3F1 mice. Single doses of TCDD alone (0, 0.1, 1, or 10 micrograms [3H]TCDD/kg), PCB 153 alone (0, 3.58, 35.8, or 358 mg [14C]PCB 153/kg), and all possible combinations of these doses were administered in corn oil, po. At 7 days after dosing, 11 different tissues were analyzed for radioactivity. When TCDD was administered alone, TCDD-derived radioactivity distributed to all tissues in a dose-dependent manner, increasing with dose in the liver, while decreasing (as a percentage of the administered dose) in all other tissues. When PCB 153 was administered alone, the PCB 153 concentration was dose-dependently (percentage of dose) decreased in liver, skin, lung, adrenals, kidney, and blood; no dosimetric effects were observed in the other organs. Coadministration of low doses of both TCDD and PCB 153 resulted in little or no effect on the distribution of either compound. Interactive effects occurred in the pharmacokinetic behavior of both compounds only at higher doses. For example, the amount of TCDD in the liver was increased by 358 mg PCB 153/kg. In most other organs administration of PCB 153 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the TCDD content. Coadministration of PCB 153 with 10 micrograms TCDD/kg increased PCB 153 in the liver, but not in other tissues. These results clearly demonstrate that interactive effects on pharmacokinetic behavior occur only at high doses. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - van Birgelen, A P AU - Ross, D G AU - DeVito, M J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 118 EP - 131 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl KW - ZRU0C9E32O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Drug Interactions KW - Skin -- enzymology KW - Thymus Gland -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Adipose Tissue -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Isoenzymes -- biosynthesis KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Adipose Tissue -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Lung -- enzymology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacology KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78566691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Interactive+effects+between+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+and+2%2C2%27%2C4%2C4%27%2C5%2C5%27-hexachlorobiphenyl+in+female+B6C3F1+mice%3A+tissue+distribution+and+tissue-specific+enzyme+induction.&rft.au=van+Birgelen%2C+A+P%3BRoss%2C+D+G%3BDeVito%2C+M+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=van+Birgelen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A methodological approach for exposure assessment studies in residences using volatile organic compound-contaminated water. AN - 78563217; 8933751 AB - This paper presents a methodological approach for assessing total exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in residences using contaminated water supplies. This approach is founded on assessment of ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposures; both long-term (i.e., 12 to 24 hr) low-level exposures and short-term (i.e., approximately 10 min) high-level exposures are considered. The methodology is based on the collection of water samples to establish the identity of the contaminants, maximum source terms, and possible dermal and ingestion exposures; integrated whole-air samples are collected to assess long- and short-term inhalation exposures; whole-air grab samples are used to confirm peak and typical inhalation exposures; and alveolar breath samples are used to confirm exposures and to estimate contaminant concentrations in the blood of the test subjects. While we do not suggest that this methodology should supersede any current investigative approach, this material is primarily offered as a consolidated reference to the many people or organizations who might contemplate a study of this type. Application of this investigative protocol should provide detailed exposure assessment information, while it supplies critical real world data for risk assessment specialists, toxicologists, and modeling experts. Data from a recent field study assessing exposures to trichloroethylene are presented to illustrate the utility and some of the limitations of this strategy. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Lindstrom, A B AU - Pleil, J D AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. lindstrom.andrew@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 1058 EP - 1066 VL - 46 IS - 11 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Skin Absorption KW - Humans KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78563217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=A+methodological+approach+for+exposure+assessment+studies+in+residences+using+volatile+organic+compound-contaminated+water.&rft.au=Lindstrom%2C+A+B%3BPleil%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Lindstrom&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1058&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid distribution of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) to embryonic tissues in C57BL/6N mice and correlation with palatal uptake in vitro. AN - 78532602; 8917698 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetracholoridbenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a developmentally toxic environmental contaminant capable of inducing cleft palate and hydronephrosis in embryonic C57BL/6N mice. In this study, the disposition of TCDD was determined in pregnant C57BL/6N mice in the 24 hr immediately following oral administration on Gestation Day (GD) 12. TCDD was detected in maternal blood, liver, and fat and in the placenta, embryonic liver, and palate within 30 min after dosing on GD 12. The levels peaked in blood and placenta at 3 hr and in the other tissues at 8 hr. Levels of TCDD decreased slightly after 8 hr in embryonic liver and palate. In vitro systems were used to study the mechanisms of action of TCDD and in these models exposure is typically reported as concentration of TCDD in the culture medium. The present study is the first to allow a direct comparison of the level of TCDD in embryonic tissue after in vivo and in vitro exposures. Uptake of TCDD was determined in embryonic palatal organ culture and tissue levels were then expressed in comparable units for both in vivo and in vitro exposures. The data provide new information on distribution in the pregnant mouse and the embryo and also show that the palatal organ culture model provides a reasonable dosimetric representation of in utero exposure. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Birnbaum, L S AU - Diliberto, J J AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 256 EP - 263 VL - 141 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Autoradiography KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- blood KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78532602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Rapid+distribution+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+to+embryonic+tissues+in+C57BL%2F6N+mice+and+correlation+with+palatal+uptake+in+vitro.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-23 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in water and sediment quality for the Houston Ship Channel AN - 52702370; 1997-047628 JF - The Texas Journal of Science AU - Crocker, Philip A AU - Koska, Paul C Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 267 EP - 282 PB - Texas Academy of Science, San Angelo, TX VL - 48 IS - 4 SN - 0040-4403, 0040-4403 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - stream transport KW - copper KW - PCBs KW - data processing KW - suspended materials KW - nonpoint sources KW - nitrogen KW - carbon KW - data bases KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - organic carbon KW - nitrate ion KW - heavy metals KW - organic materials KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - sediment transport KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - Texas KW - Houston Ship Channel KW - organic compounds KW - San Jacinto River basin KW - metals KW - Turning Basin KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52702370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Texas+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=Trends+in+water+and+sediment+quality+for+the+Houston+Ship+Channel&rft.au=Crocker%2C+Philip+A%3BKoska%2C+Paul+C&rft.aulast=Crocker&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Texas+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00404403&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - TJSCAU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; carbon; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; copper; data bases; data processing; halogenated hydrocarbons; heavy metals; Houston Ship Channel; metals; monitoring; nitrate ion; nitrogen; nonpoint sources; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; San Jacinto River basin; sediment transport; solute transport; stream transport; suspended materials; Texas; Turning Basin; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Density effects in variably saturated media AN - 52658069; 1998-005969 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Boufadel, Michel C AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 275 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Galerkin method KW - finite element analysis KW - heterogeneous materials KW - density KW - saturated materials KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrodynamics KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52658069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Density+effects+in+variably+saturated+media&rft.au=Boufadel%2C+Michel+C%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Boufadel&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - density; finite element analysis; Galerkin method; ground water; heterogeneous materials; hydrodynamics; saturated materials; statistical analysis; two-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bunker Hill Basin groundwater remediation, San Bernardino, CA; a Superfund toxic cleanup heading toward success AN - 52630478; 1998-011409 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Mayer, Kevin P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 239 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - San Bernardino California KW - toxic materials KW - Newmark Superfund Site KW - Superfund KW - Riverside California KW - pollution KW - Riverside County California KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - California KW - Bunker Hill Basin KW - organic compounds KW - Southern California KW - alluvium aquifers KW - decontamination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - San Bernardino County California KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52630478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Bunker+Hill+Basin+groundwater+remediation%2C+San+Bernardino%2C+CA%3B+a+Superfund+toxic+cleanup+heading+toward+success&rft.au=Mayer%2C+Kevin+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mayer&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium aquifers; aquifers; Bunker Hill Basin; California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; drinking water; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Newmark Superfund Site; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; Riverside California; Riverside County California; San Bernardino California; San Bernardino County California; Southern California; Superfund; toxic materials; United States; water pollution; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of the single cell gel electrophoresis assay in detecting DNA single strand breaks in lung cells in vitro AN - 15945939; 4056009 AB - DNA single strand breaks (SSB) can be used as a biomarker of oxidant exposure, and also as an indicator of the carcinogenicity /mutagenicity of a substance. The single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay is more sensitive and requires fewer cells compared to other techniques used for detecting SSB. We examined the utility of using the SCGE assay for human lung cells exposed to endogenous and exogenous oxidants. A human bronchial cell line (BEAS) was used as a model of airway epithelial cells in this study. BEAS cells exposed to 0-50 mu M hydrogen peroxide (H sub(2)O sub(2)) for 60 min at 4 degree C exhibited a concentration-dependent increase in SSB as determined by an increased DNA migration area in a gel undergoing electrophoresis. H sub(2)O sub(2)-induced increases in DNA SSB were also demonstrated using cultured normal human tracheobronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells and human alveolar macrophages in a concentration response manner. BEAS cells were also exposed to air or ozone (O sub(3)) on a Transwell filter without medium present apically. Cells exposed to O sub(3) at 0.1 or 0.4 ppm at 37 degree C for up 120 min had a time- and concentration-dependent increase in SSB compared to air-exposed cells. NHBE cells exposed to 0.4 ppm O sub(3) (60 min) also had increased DNA SSB. Cells with H sub(2)O sub(2)-induced DNA SSB can be frozen and stored up to 4 weeks without altering the original DNA SSB. These findings indicate that SCGE can be used to detect SSB in cultured lung cells, and has applicability for detecting SSB in lung cells recovered from in vivo and in vitro exposures to oxidants. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Lee, Jiann-Gwu AU - Madden, M C AU - Reed, W AU - Adler, K AU - Devlin, R AD - MD# 58D, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 195 EP - 204 VL - 141 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - assays KW - single-cell gel electrophoresis KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA damage KW - lung KW - gel electrophoresis KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15945939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+use+of+the+single+cell+gel+electrophoresis+assay+in+detecting+DNA+single+strand+breaks+in+lung+cells+in+vitro&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jiann-Gwu%3BMadden%2C+M+C%3BReed%2C+W%3BAdler%2C+K%3BDevlin%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jiann-Gwu&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA damage; gel electrophoresis; lung ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interlaboratory evaluation of MI agar and the US Environmental Protection Agency-Approved Membrane Filter Method for the recovery of total coliforms and Escherichia coli from drinking water AN - 15793628; 3996977 AB - A new membrane filter (MF) medium, MI agar, recently validated for use in recovering chlorine-damaged total coliforms (TC) and Escherichia coli from drinking water, was compared to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-approved MF method (mEndo agar and nutrient agar supplemented with 4-methylumbelliferyl- beta -d-glucuronide) in a collaborative study. Six wastewater-spiked Cincinnati tap water samples, containing three different concentrations of E. coli ( less than or equal to 10, 11-30, and ?30 E. coli/100 ml), were analyzed concurrently by 19 geographically dispersed laboratories. Results showed that although the overall recoveries of TC and E. coli with MI agar were 12% and 26% greater, respectively, than those of the approved method, the differences were not statistically significant ( alpha =0.05). However, the overall recovery of background/non-coliforms by the new method, 5% of the mEndo agar recovery, was significantly lower (P=0.0009). Since the results of this study show MI agar to be equal to or better than the current method, it meets the criteria for routine compliance monitoring of drinking water. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Brenner, K P AU - Rankin, C C AU - Sivaganesan, M AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, ML 314 Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 111 EP - 119 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 27 IS - 2-3 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - MI agar KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - media (isolation) KW - coliforms KW - Escherichia coli KW - water pollution KW - drinking water KW - membrane filtration KW - A 01108:Other water systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15793628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Interlaboratory+evaluation+of+MI+agar+and+the+US+Environmental+Protection+Agency-Approved+Membrane+Filter+Method+for+the+recovery+of+total+coliforms+and+Escherichia+coli+from+drinking+water&rft.au=Brenner%2C+K+P%3BRankin%2C+C+C%3BSivaganesan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Brenner&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; drinking water; coliforms; membrane filtration; media (isolation); water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxicity of d-amphetamine in the C57BL/6J and CD-1 mouse. Interactions with stress and the adrenal system. AN - 78616436; 8959030 AB - Substantial evidence suggests that stress can alter the general toxicological properties of the substituted amphetamines (AMPs) as well as their psychostimulant properties. Research concerning the interactions between stress and the neurotoxicity associated with the AMPs is, however, limited. Our previous work demonstrated that a variety of AMPs, including d-METH, d-MDA, d-MDMA but not d-FEN are able to damage dopaminergic elements of the striatum as shown by decreases in dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase. The neurotoxic capabilities of these AMPs appear linked to their hyperpyrexic actions as diverse manipulations able to block AMP-induced hyperthermia are also neuroprotective. Surprising, since stress usually potentiates the actions of the AMPs, it is our finding that restraint, a commonly used stressor, is protective against the injurious actions of all neurotoxic AMPs evaluated to date. In the mouse restraint acts to elevate blood levels of corticosterone (CORT) by activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as well as inducing a profound hypothermia. The role CORT may play in the neuroprotective actions of restraint, if any, is unknown. Here, data is presented showing the impact of several HPA axis manipulations, including restraint, supplementation with CORT in the drinking water and removal of CORT by adrenalectomy (ADX) on the striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity of d-AMP. As strain is known to be a powerful determinant of the actions of stress an essential element of these experiments was the evaluation of both an inbred, C57BL/6J and outbred, CD-1, mouse strain. Exposure to d-AMP caused hyperthermia and substantial striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity in both strains suggesting that an elevation in body temperature is as important a component of the neurotoxicity of d-AMP, as it is of the other neurotoxic AMPs. Restraint was equally effective in both strains and completely blocked the hyperthermia and striatal neurotoxicity induced by d-AMP. CORT supplementation, evaluated in only the C57BL/6J mouse at dosages not capable of involuting either the thymus or the spleen, did not alter d-AMP-induced neurotoxicity. Although the immune system organs of the two strains responded differentially to the removal of CORT, ADX provided equivalent partial protection against the loss of dopaminergic elements in striatum for both strains. Adrenal status clearly affects d-AMP neurotoxicity but the interaction is complex. Future work should examine the roles of the cortical and medullary components of the adrenal gland in the neuroprotective actions of ADX. A precise assessment of the role of circulating CORT In the neurotoxicity of the AMPs will require additional work in which a wider range of CORT dosages, including those capable of involuting thymus and spleen, are evaluated. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Miller, D B AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/31/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 31 SP - 148 EP - 167 VL - 801 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Adrenal Cortex Hormones KW - 0 KW - Thyroid Hormones KW - Dextroamphetamine KW - TZ47U051FI KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Adrenal Cortex Hormones -- pharmacology KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- pathology KW - Spleen -- pathology KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Thyroid Hormones -- metabolism KW - Adrenalectomy KW - Organ Size KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Immobilization KW - Stress, Physiological -- metabolism KW - Corpus Striatum -- metabolism KW - Adrenal Glands -- physiology KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Adrenal Glands -- drug effects KW - Dextroamphetamine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78616436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Neurotoxicity+of+d-amphetamine+in+the+C57BL%2F6J+and+CD-1+mouse.+Interactions+with+stress+and+the+adrenal+system.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-10-31&rft.volume=801&rft.issue=&rft.spage=148&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and chronic administration of ibogaine to the rat results in astrogliosis that is not confined to the cerebellar vermis. AN - 78616339; 8959035 AB - Acute administration of high doses of ibogaine (IBG) to the male rat results in degeneration of Purkinje cells and reactive gliosis in the cerebellar vermis. We examined whether acute and chronic administration of IBG to male and female rats results in gliosis as determined by quantification of the astroglial intermediate filament protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). After acute administration of IBG, rats of both sexes showed dose-related increases in GFAP that were not confined to the cerebellar vermis. After chronic administration of IBG, female, but not male rats, showed large (as much as 200% of control), dose-related increases in GFAP in hippocampus, olfactory bulbs, brain stem and striatum, but not cerebellum. In hippocampus, the cytoskeletal proteins, neurofilament 68 (NF-68) and beta-tubulin were increased in females treated chronically with IBG, findings consistent with a damage-induced sprouting response. Together, the data indicate that IBG damages areas of the brain outside the cerebellum and that the sites damaged are dependent on sex and dosage regimen. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Rogers, T S AU - Rodman, L E AU - Page, J G AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects, Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/31/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 31 SP - 205 EP - 216 VL - 801 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Ibogaine KW - 3S814I130U KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Body Weight KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Astrocytes -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- pathology KW - Ibogaine -- adverse effects KW - Ibogaine -- pharmacology KW - Astrocytes -- pathology KW - Ibogaine -- administration & dosage KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism KW - Astrocytes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78616339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Role+of+photoreactions+in+controlling+rates+of+biodegradation+of+estuarine+dissolved+organic+matter&rft.au=Moran%2C+Mary+Ann%3BMiller%2C+William+L%3BBushaw%2C+Karen+L%3BZepp%2C+Richard+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytogenetic effects of butadiene metabolites in rat and mouse splenocytes following in vitro exposures. AN - 78501491; 8901921 AB - As a first step in investigating the genotoxic effects of the principal metabolites of 1,3-butadiene (BD) in both rats and mice, splenocytes (which have little mixed function oxidase activity) from each specimen were exposed to a series of concentrations of either 3,4-epoxy-1-butene (EB) (20 to 931 microM) or 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB) (2.5 to 160 microM) for 1 h. The splenocytes were then washed, cultured, and stimulated to divide with concanavalin A, and metaphases were analyzed for the induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosome aberrations (CAs). In addition, cells from some experiments were taken after exposure but before culture, and subjected to the single cell gel (SCG) assay to measure DNA damage in the form of DNA strand breakage and/or alkaline-labile sites. Initial studies indicate that EB does not induce cytogenetic damage in either rat or mouse G0 splenocytes. However, DEB was an extremely potent SCE- and CA-inducer in both species with no species differences apparent. Neither DEB nor EB produced any statistically significant DNA-damaging effects as measured by the SCG assay. JF - Toxicology AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Doerr, C L AU - Milholland, V S AU - Tennant, A H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/28/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 28 SP - 336 EP - 340 VL - 113 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - 3,4-epoxy-1-butene KW - 478ERR5NKR KW - erythritol anhydride KW - 60OB65YNAB KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Spleen -- cytology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Mice KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Cell Cycle -- drug effects KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Epoxy Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78501491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Cytogenetic+effects+of+butadiene+metabolites+in+rat+and+mouse+splenocytes+following+in+vitro+exposures.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BDoerr%2C+C+L%3BMilholland%2C+V+S%3BTennant%2C+A+H&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-10-28&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Future research needs for non-cancer and cancer effects among populations exposed to 1,3-butadiene. AN - 78498115; 8901899 AB - In the last decade there has been in-depth research into understanding the health effects of 1,3-butadiene in humans and in animals. With increasing knowledge of metabolism, pharmacokinetics and mechanism of action studied in animals, the uncertainties in risk assessment will be lessened. Still, some data gaps exist which, if filled, will be useful for meaningful risk assessments for the general population. This paper discusses the future needs for research in both non-cancer and cancer effects. JF - Toxicology AU - Koppikar, A M AD - U.S. EPA, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/28/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 28 SP - 203 EP - 209 VL - 113 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Butadienes KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - DNA Adducts KW - Mutagens KW - 1,3-butadiene KW - JSD5FGP5VD KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Humans KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Butadienes -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Butadienes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78498115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Future+research+needs+for+non-cancer+and+cancer+effects+among+populations+exposed+to+1%2C3-butadiene.&rft.au=Koppikar%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Koppikar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-10-28&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Propagation of uncertainty through geochemical code calculations AN - 861984750; 2011-034006 AB - The combined use of the Monte Carlo method with Generalized Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) is introduced for evaluating the effects of input parameter uncertainty on calculated output values from geochemical speciation/solubility codes. Chemical systems are used to demonstrate the applicability of GSA to aqueous speciation/solubility models. Statistical results agree with a geochemically based interpretation of each system suggesting that in complex environmental systems, GSA may focus key parameters and uncertainties in the system. For the Na (sub 2) CO (sub 3) -NaHCO (sub 3) -H (sub 2) O system, GSA identifies aqueous complexes relating to the uncertainty in the calculated pH value. The combined method (Monte Carlo with GSA) can assess the quality of thermodynamic and analytical data in a geochemical model and associated problems. The results may guide the collection of field data and evaluate the thermodynamic data base associated with a geochemical code. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Criscenti, L J AU - Laniak, G F AU - Erikson, R L Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 3551 EP - 3568 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 60 IS - 19 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - processes KW - waste water KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - simulation KW - hydrochemistry KW - environmental analysis KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - sensitivity analysis KW - leachate KW - thermodynamic properties KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - uncertainty KW - pH KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/861984750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Propagation+of+uncertainty+through+geochemical+code+calculations&rft.au=Criscenti%2C+L+J%3BLaniak%2C+G+F%3BErikson%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Criscenti&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0016-7037%2896%2900188-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; environmental analysis; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; leachate; models; Monte Carlo analysis; pH; pollutants; pollution; processes; sensitivity analysis; simulation; solubility; statistical analysis; thermodynamic properties; uncertainty; waste water; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)00188-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmacological analysis of diisopropyl fluorophosphate: effects on core temperature, heart rate, and motor activity in the unrestrained rat. AN - 78600042; 8951953 AB - Humans acutely exposed to anticholinesterase (anti-ChE) pesticides often become febrile, whereas rats and other rodents become markedly hypothermic. The rat may nonetheless be a useful model for anti-ChE toxicity because recent work using radiotelemetry demonstrated an elevation in core temperature of unrestrained rats for several days following acute exposure to the anti-ChE, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). To discern the mechanisms of DFP-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia, various pharmacological agents were administered acutely or chronically to rats injected with 1.5 mg/kg DFP (SC). Core temperature, heart rate, and motor activity were monitored continuously via radiotelemetry. Methylscopolamine, a peripheral muscarinic antagonist, attenuated the DFP-induced hypothermia by 1.0 degree C and reversed the DFP-induced bradycardia. Chronic scopolamine, a central and peripheral muscarinic antagonist, delivered via a subcutaneously implanted minipump (9.5 mg/kg/day) blocked DFP-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia. Propranolol (10 mg/kg; SC), a general beta blocker, augmented the bradycardic effects of DFP but had no effect on body temperature. Sodium salicylate (200 and 300 mg/kg; IP), an antipyretic that inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, administered during the period of DFP-induced hyperthermia produced a transient recovery in body temperature. Overall, DFP-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia in the rat appear to be mediated via cholinergic activation in the CNS because both are blocked by scopolamine. The decrease in core temperature following sodium salicylate suggests that prostaglandin release is involved in the manifestation of DFP-induced hyperthermia. The elevation in core temperature after DFP appears to involve neurochemical pathways similar to that of fever. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 185 EP - 194 VL - 55 IS - 2 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Adrenergic beta-Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Cholinergic Antagonists KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Salicylates KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Scopolamine Hydrobromide KW - 451IFR0GXB KW - Propranolol KW - 9Y8NXQ24VQ KW - Salicylic Acid KW - O414PZ4LPZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Scopolamine Hydrobromide -- pharmacology KW - Propranolol -- pharmacology KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Anesthesia, General KW - Cholinergic Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Adrenergic beta-Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Salicylates -- pharmacology KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Isoflurophate -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78600042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=Pharmacological+analysis+of+diisopropyl+fluorophosphate%3A+effects+on+core+temperature%2C+heart+rate%2C+and+motor+activity+in+the+unrestrained+rat.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-13 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone toxicity in the rat. III. Effect of changes in ambient temperature on pulmonary parameters. AN - 78510791; 8904588 AB - Pulmonary toxicity of ozone (O3) was examined in adult male Fischer 344 rats exposed to 0.5 parts/million O3 for either 6 or 23 h/day over 5 days while maintained at an ambient temperature (Ta) of either 10, 22, or 34 degrees C. Toxicity was evaluated by using changes in lung volumes and the concentrations of constituents of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid that signal lung injury and/or inflammation. Results indicated that toxicity increased as Ta decreased. Exposures conducted at 10 degrees C were associated with the greatest decreases in body weight and total lung capacity and the greatest increases in lavageable protein, lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase activity, and percent neutrophils. O3 effects not modified by Ta included increases in residual volume and lavageable potassium, glucose, urea, and ascorbic acid with exposure at 34 degrees C. Most effects were attenuated during the 5 exposure days and/or returned to normal levels after 7 air recovery days, regardless of prior O3 exposure or Ta. It is possible that Ta-induced changes in metabolic rate may have altered ventilation and, therefore, the O3 doses among rats exposed at the three different Ta levels. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Wiester, M J AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Costa, D L AU - Crissman, K M AU - Richards, J H AU - Winsett, D W AU - Highfill, J W AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 1691 EP - 1700 VL - 81 IS - 4 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Enzymes KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Animals KW - Respiratory Mechanics -- drug effects KW - Temperature KW - Body Weight -- physiology KW - Rats KW - Enzymes -- blood KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Respiratory Mechanics -- physiology KW - Epithelium -- pathology KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Lung Volume Measurements KW - Male KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Lung Diseases -- pathology KW - Air Pollutants -- administration & dosage KW - Lung Diseases -- metabolism KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78510791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Ozone+toxicity+in+the+rat.+III.+Effect+of+changes+in+ambient+temperature+on+pulmonary+parameters.&rft.au=Wiester%2C+M+J%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BCrissman%2C+K+M%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BWinsett%2C+D+W%3BHighfill%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Wiester&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic estimated metabolic constants and hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride after methanol pretreatment in rats. AN - 78489112; 8887440 AB - A single 6-hr exposure to inhaled methanol (MeOH) has been shown to enhance carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) hepatotoxicity. The objective of the present study was to use gas uptake data and the development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model (PBPK) to determine in vivo changes in CCl4 metabolism resulting from MeOH pretreatment. Adult male F344 rats (167-197 g) were exposed to 10,000 ppm MeOH (constant concentration) via inhalation for 6 hr. Individual rats were exposed using gas uptake techniques to CCl4 alone or to CCl4 either 24 or 48 hr after initiation of MeOH pretreatment. The following initial concentrations were used for CCl4: 0, 25, 100, 250, and 1000 ppm with exposures lasting 6 hr. Vmax (metabolic rate) was estimated from gas uptake data and Km (Michaelis constant) was assumed constant after methanol pretreatment. For CCl4 alone, Vmax was 0.11 mg/hr (Vmaxc = 0.37 mg/hr/kg) and Km was 1.3 mg/liter. Vmax was 0.48 mg/hr (Vmaxc = 1.6 mg/hr/kg) for the 24-hr MeOH + CCl4 group and Vmax was 0.18 mg/hr (Vmaxc = 0.6 mg/hr/kg) for the 48-hr MeOH + CCl4 group. For CCl4 alone, serum markers of hepatotoxicity alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) were increased significantly only at 1000 ppm CCl4. Both serum markers of hepatotoxicity in the 24-hr MeOH + CCl4 group increased as a function of CCl4 concentration when compared with 0 ppm CCl4 controls. The maximum increase occurred at 1000 ppm CCl4, where ALT and SDH increased by 392- and 286-fold, respectively. At 100, 250, and 1000 ppm CCl4, ALT and SDH values for the 24-hr MeOH + CCl4 groups were significantly increased relative to control (0 ppm CCl4), CCl4 alone, and 48-hr MeOH + CCl4. ALT and SDH levels in the 48-hr MeOH + CCl4 groups were not statistically different from the respective CCl4 alone groups. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Evans, M V AU - Simmons, J E AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 245 EP - 253 VL - 140 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Computer Simulation KW - Drug Synergism KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Methanol -- administration & dosage KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- administration & dosage KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78489112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+estimated+metabolic+constants+and+hepatotoxicity+of+carbon+tetrachloride+after+methanol+pretreatment+in+rats.&rft.au=Evans%2C+M+V%3BSimmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-06 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Redox characterization of the surfaces of seven iron-bearing minerals; use of molecular probes and UV-visible spectroscopy AN - 52751394; 1997-010982 AB - Redox properties of iron-bearing mineral surfaces may play an important role in controlling the transport and transformation of pollutants into ground waters. Suspensions of seven iron-bearing minerals were reacted with pH and redox indicators under anaerobic conditions at the pH of the natural suspension. The responses of the indicators to the mineral surfaces were monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy using a scattered transmission technique. The Hammett surface acidity function (H (sub s) ) and the surface redox potential (Eh (sub s) ) of these iron-bearing minerals were measured. These measured values were used to calculate Eh values for the seven minerals: goethite = +293 mV; chlorite = +290 mV; hematite = +290 mV; almandite = +282 mV; ferruginous smectite = +275 mV; pyrite = +235 mV; and Na-vermiculite = +223 mV. Calculated surface redox potentials of minerals are different from their potentials measured by platinum electrode in bulk suspensions. UV-visible spectroscopy provides a quick and non- destructive way of monitoring organic probe response at the mineral surface. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Yu, Y Shane AU - Bailey, George W Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 573 EP - 586 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 44 IS - 5 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - goethite KW - garnet group KW - clay mineralogy KW - almandine KW - hematite KW - orthosilicates KW - chemical properties KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - chlorite group KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - experimental studies KW - iron minerals KW - smectite KW - mass spectroscopy KW - properties KW - clay minerals KW - nesosilicates KW - ion probe KW - chlorite KW - sheet silicates KW - pyrite KW - vermiculite KW - sulfides KW - spectroscopy KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52751394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Redox+characterization+of+the+surfaces+of+seven+iron-bearing+minerals%3B+use+of+molecular+probes+and+UV-visible+spectroscopy&rft.au=Yu%2C+Y+Shane%3BBailey%2C+George+W&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - almandine; chemical properties; chlorite; chlorite group; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; Eh; experimental studies; garnet group; geochemistry; goethite; hematite; ion probe; iron minerals; mass spectroscopy; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; oxides; properties; pyrite; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; spectra; spectroscopy; sulfides; ultraviolet spectra; vermiculite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The GCTE Soil Erosion Network; a multi-participatory research program AN - 52749633; 1997-018367 JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Ingram, John AU - Lee, Jeffrey AU - Valentin, Christian Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 377 EP - 380 PB - Soil Conservation Society of America, Ankeny, IA VL - 51 IS - 5 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - programs KW - terrestrial environment KW - monitoring KW - erosion KW - data acquisition KW - global KW - data processing KW - wind erosion KW - water erosion KW - ecosystems KW - simulation KW - research KW - models KW - erosion control KW - runoff KW - soil erosion KW - erodibility KW - changes KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52749633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=The+GCTE+Soil+Erosion+Network%3B+a+multi-participatory+research+program&rft.au=Ingram%2C+John%3BLee%2C+Jeffrey%3BValentin%2C+Christian&rft.aulast=Ingram&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.jswconline.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - IA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JSWCA3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - changes; data acquisition; data processing; ecosystems; erodibility; erosion; erosion control; global; hydrology; models; monitoring; programs; research; runoff; simulation; soil erosion; soils; terrestrial environment; water erosion; wind erosion ER - TY - CONF T1 - Breath measurements as volatile organic compound biomarkers AN - 15965716; 4062401 AB - A brief review of the uses of breath analysis in studies of environmental exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is provided. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's large-scale Total Exposure Assessment Methodology Studies have measured concentrations of 32 target VOCs in the exhaled breath of about 800 residents of various U.S. cities. Since the previous 12-hr integrated personal air exposures to the same chemicals were also measured, the relation between exposure and body burden is illuminated. Another major use of the breath measurements has been to detect unmeasured pathways of exposure; the major impact of active smoking on exposure to benzene and styrene was detected in this way. Following the earlier field studies, a series of chamber studies have provided estimates of several important physiological parameters. Among these are the fraction, f, of the inhaled chemical that is exhaled under steady-state conditions and the residence times, tau sub(i) in several body compartments, which may be associated with the blood (or liver), organs, muscle, and fat. Most of the targeted VOCs appear to have similar residence times of a few minutes, 30 min, several hours, and several days in the respective tissue groups. Knowledge of these parameters can be helpful in estimating body burden from exposure or vice versa and in planning environmental studies, particularly in setting times to monitor breath in studies of the variation with time of body burden. Improvements in breath methods have made it possible to study short-term peak exposure situations such as filling a gas tank or taking a shower in contaminated water. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wallace, L AU - Buckley, T AU - Pellizzari, E AU - Gordon, S Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 KW - biomarkers KW - breath KW - volatiles KW - volatile organic compounds KW - bioindicators KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - NIH 96-218 KW - respiration KW - reviews KW - X 24250:Reviews KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15965716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Breath+measurements+as+volatile+organic+compound+biomarkers&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L%3BBuckley%2C+T%3BPellizzari%2C+E%3BGordon%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of subchronic corn oil gavage on the acute toxicity of orally administered bromodichloromethane AN - 15865597; 4025530 AB - Bromodichloromethane (BDCM) is a by-product of water chlorination and is the second most common trihalomethane (THM) in finished drinking water. It has been reported that delivery of THMs in corn oil can influence the site and magnitude of toxic and carcinogenic responses in rodents, perhaps by inducing metabolizing enzymes or altering tissue composition. To determine if corn oil influences the acute toxicity of BDCM, adult male F-344 rats were pretreated 5 days/week for 6 weeks with oral doses of corn oil or water at a volume of 5 ml/kg. Following pretreatment, animals were gavaged with a single dose of 0, 200 or 400 mg BDCM/kg in 10% Emulphor registered . Urine was collected at timed intervals over a 48-h period following BDCM administration. Rats were sacrificed at this time and organs and blood removed. Urine and serum were analyzed for indicators of toxicity. Corn oil pretreatment did not enhance the acute hepato- or nephrotoxicity of BDCM, suggesting that vehicle effects noted in previous THM toxicity and carcinogenicity studies are more likely due to pharmacokinetic differences between administration in corn oil and aqueous gavage vehicles than to altered tissue composition or physiological changes. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Lilly, P D AU - Simmons, JE AU - Pegram, R A AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, Exptl. Toxicol. Div., Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab. (NHEERL), MD-74, US Environ. Prot. Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 93 EP - 102 VL - 87 IS - 2-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - rats KW - bromodichloromethane KW - corn oil KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - carcinogenicity KW - liver KW - chlorination KW - kidney KW - drinking water KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15865597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Effect+of+subchronic+corn+oil+gavage+on+the+acute+toxicity+of+orally+administered+bromodichloromethane&rft.au=Lilly%2C+P+D%3BSimmons%2C+JE%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Lilly&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorination; carcinogenicity; kidney; liver; drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytogenetic effects in mice of divinylbenzene-55 inhalation. AN - 78453812; 8879268 AB - Male B6C3F1 mice (8 weeks of age) were exposed by inhalation to divinylbenzene-55 (DVB-55), at target concentrations of 0, 25, 50 and 75 ppm for 6 h per day for 3 days. Following exposure the animals were killed blood smears were prepared for micronucleus (MN) analysis, and the spleens were removed and cultured for sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and chromosome aberration (CA) analyses. DVB-55 induced a dose dependent increase in SCE with the two highest doses reaching statistical significance. Similarly, there was a statistically significant although less pronounced increase in the frequency of CAs in splenocytes and MN in polychromatic erythrocytes. There was no indication of toxicity as measured by cell cycle kinetics in the splenocytes or the percentage of polychromatic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood smears. Thus, DVB-55 appears to be a weak genotoxicant in vivo. JF - Mutation research AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Morgan, D L AU - Doerr, C L AU - Milholland, V AU - Tennant, A H AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. kligerman@her145.Her1.Epa.Gov Y1 - 1996/09/13/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 13 SP - 107 EP - 113 VL - 370 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Styrenes KW - 0 KW - Vinyl Compounds KW - Styrene KW - 44LJ2U959V KW - divinyl benzene KW - IZ715T4SBU KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Styrenes -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Vinyl Compounds -- toxicity KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Vinyl Compounds -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78453812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Cytogenetic+effects+in+mice+of+divinylbenzene-55+inhalation.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BMorgan%2C+D+L%3BDoerr%2C+C+L%3BMilholland%2C+V%3BTennant%2C+A+H&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-09-13&rft.volume=370&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of four trihalomethanes on DNA strand breaks, renal hyaline droplet formation and serum testosterone in male F-344 rats. AN - 78404789; 8844978 AB - All four possible trihalomethanes (THMs) containing bromine and chlorine, as well as perchloroethylene (PCE), were evaluated for their ability to produce DNA strand breaks, alpha 2u-globulin rich renal deposits, and testosterone changes in male F-344 rats. Rats received daily equimolar doses (0.75 or 1.5 mmol/kg) of THMs or PCE (1000 mg/kg) in 4% Emulphor vehicle by oral gavage for 7 days. No significant DNA strand breaks were produced by any THM or PCE treatment. PCE treatment produced increased hyaline droplet formation in renal tubules. However, all THM treatments reduced or eliminated the appearance of renal hyaline droplets. All four THM treatments also produced a decrease in serum testosterone concentrations on day 7, which might account for decreased hyaline droplet formation. No significant increase in cell proliferation, measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation in vivo, appeared in this 1-week study. JF - Cancer letters AU - Potter, C L AU - Chang, L W AU - DeAngelo, A B AU - Daniel, F B AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. potter.carl@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/09/10/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 10 SP - 235 EP - 242 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane KW - 0 KW - alpha-Macroglobulins KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - alpha-Macroglobulins -- biosynthesis KW - Autoradiography KW - Male KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - DNA Damage KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane -- toxicity KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78404789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Effects+of+four+trihalomethanes+on+DNA+strand+breaks%2C+renal+hyaline+droplet+formation+and+serum+testosterone+in+male+F-344+rats.&rft.au=Potter%2C+C+L%3BChang%2C+L+W%3BDeAngelo%2C+A+B%3BDaniel%2C+F+B&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-09-10&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-07 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vinclozolin does not alter progesterone receptor (PR) function in vivo despite inhibition of PR binding by its metabolites in vitro. AN - 78399085; 8845038 AB - Vinclozolin, a dicarboximide fungicide, alters morphological sex differentiation in male rats following perinatal exposure. The occurrence of these abnormalities correlates with the in vivo formation of two antiandrogenic metabolites of vinclozolin, (i.e. 2-[[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-carbamoyl]oxy]-2-methyl-3-butenoic acid (Mt) and 3',5'-dichloro-2-hydroxy-2-methylbut-3-enanilide (M2)), which are potent inhibitors of rat androgen receptor binding. As steroid hormone receptors exhibit promiscuity in their ability to bind different ligands, the present study evaluated the ability of these vinclozolin metabolites to bind to the estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors in vitro, and to alter ER and PR function following in vivo exposure. To this end, in vitro ligand binding assays demonstrated that both M1 and M2 can compete with endogenous ligand for binding to the PR (Ki = 400 and 60 microM, respectively). In contrast, neither metabolite exhibited the ability to bind ER. Subsequent in vivo studies to evaluate the potential of vinclozolin to alter ER or PR function demonstrate that, (1) the estrogen-dependent increases in uterine weight and PR induction were not altered by vinclozolin; (2) the distribution of nuclear and cytosolic PR was not altered following short-term vinclozolin exposure; and (3) vinclozolin did not disrupt ovulation in cycling female rats. These studies indicate that although vinclozolin metabolites can compete for binding to the PR in vitro, concentrations of these metabolites do not reach sufficient levels to disrupt female reproductive function following short-term in vivo exposure to vinclozolin. In addition, these studies demonstrate the importance of correlating in vitro receptor binding data with in vivo studies in order to understand the physiological consequences of exposure to environmental toxicants. JF - Toxicology AU - Laws, S C AU - Carey, S A AU - Kelce, W R AU - Cooper, R L AU - Gray, L E AD - Endocrinology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. slaws@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/09/02/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 02 SP - 173 EP - 182 VL - 112 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - 3',5'-dichloro-2-hydroxy-2-methylbut-3-enanilide KW - 0 KW - Anilides KW - Carbamates KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - Ligands KW - Oxazoles KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Receptors, Progesterone KW - 2-(((3,5-dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl)oxy)-2-methyl-3-butenoic acid KW - 119209-27-7 KW - vinclozolin KW - JJ258EZN1I KW - Index Medicus KW - Sex Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Software KW - Animals KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Cell Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Cytosol -- drug effects KW - Anilides -- toxicity KW - Cell Nucleus -- drug effects KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Carbamates -- toxicity KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Ovulation -- drug effects KW - Carbamates -- metabolism KW - Binding, Competitive KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Ovariectomy KW - Anilides -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Oxazoles -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Progesterone -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- metabolism KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity KW - Oxazoles -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Progesterone -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78399085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Vinclozolin+does+not+alter+progesterone+receptor+%28PR%29+function+in+vivo+despite+inhibition+of+PR+binding+by+its+metabolites+in+vitro.&rft.au=Laws%2C+S+C%3BCarey%2C+S+A%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BGray%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Laws&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-09-02&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continuing development of fish species as additional experimental models in cancer research. AN - 78542883; 8923682 JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Couch, J A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561-5299, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 602 VL - 24 IS - 5 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Fishes KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- trends KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78542883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Salinity+tolerance+of+Daphnia+magna+and+potential+use+for+estuarine+sediment+toxicity+tests&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BStutzman%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment: past and future. AN - 78501863; 8898986 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) recently proposed new guidelines to update and replace the 1986 USEPA Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. Today, there is a better understanding of the variety of modes by which carcinogens can operate that did not exist when the 1986 USEPA guidelines were published. Many laboratories are adding new test protocols in their programs directed at questions concerning the mechanisms of action of carcinogens. In response to the evolving science of carcinogenesis, the new guidelines provide an analytical framework for incorporating all relevant biological information and recognizing a variety of situations regarding cancer risk. In addition, the guidelines are flexible enough to allow consideration of future scientific advances. JF - Mutation research AU - Wiltse, J AU - Dellarco, V L AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 3 EP - 15 VL - 365 IS - 1-3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Neoplasms KW - Carcinogens -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78501863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency+guidelines+for+carcinogen+risk+assessment%3A+past+and+future.&rft.au=Wiltse%2C+J%3BDellarco%2C+V+L&rft.aulast=Wiltse&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=365&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eosinophilic lung inflammation in particulate-induced lung injury: technical consideration in isolating RNA for gene expression studies. AN - 78478980; 8886758 AB - Particulate and other pollutant exposures are associated with lung injury and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to develop an approach by which intact RNA could be obtained from inflamed lung tissue from particulate-exposed animals in order to correlate injury with specific gene expression. Male Sprague Dawley (SD) and Fischer-344 (F-344) rats were intratracheally instilled with saline or residual oil fly ash (ROFA) particles, 8.3 mg/kg body weight in saline. At various time points following ROFA instillation, lungs were either lavaged or used for RNA isolation. ROFA exposure produced an increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) neutrophils in both SD and F-344 rats. A time-dependent increase in eosinophils occurred only in SD rats but not in F-344 rats. Extraction of inflamed pulmonary tissue having a high influx of eosinophils for RNA using the conventional acid guanidinium thiocyanate phenol-chloroform (AGPC) procedure failed to provide undegraded RNA suitable for RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis of beta-actin mRNA expression. Mixing intact total RNA from saline control rat lungs with degraded RNA samples from inflamed lung yielded a gel profile of degraded RNA, indicating the presence of ribonuclease-like activity in the RNA extracted from lung tissues having eosinophil influx. Evidently, the conventional AGPC procedure failed to completely remove ribonuclease activity associated with ROFA-induced pulmonary eosinophil influx. This study reports a single-step modification to the AGPC extraction method that does not require additional reagents or additional precipitation steps for extracting undegraded RNA from nuclease-rich inflamed lung tissue. The aqueous layer resulting from mixing homogenate and chloroform is extracted a second time using an equal volume of AGPC buffer followed by addition of chloroform and centrifugation. The second aqueous phase is then treated as described in the conventional RNA extraction protocol. This simple and convenient modification does not require multiple precipitations of RNA and yields undegraded RNA from inflamed lung tissue with a slightly higher A260/A280 ratio without affecting overall RNA recovery. The results indicate that undegraded RNA could not be isolated using the routine AGPC-based isolation technique from lung tissue containing eosinophils following ROFA exposure. The degraded RNA preparations were unsuitable for gene expression studies. However, undegraded RNA can be isolated from these tissues by modifying the original AGPC RNA extraction procedure, which is suitable for gene expression analysis using northern blot and RT-PCR techniques. JF - Experimental lung research AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Jaskot, R H AU - Bonner, J AU - Badgett, A AU - Dreher, K L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 541 EP - 554 VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 0190-2148, 0190-2148 KW - Coal Ash KW - 0 KW - Industrial Waste KW - Particulate Matter KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Ribonucleases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Industrial Waste -- adverse effects KW - Cell Count KW - Intubation, Intratracheal KW - Lung -- chemistry KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase -- metabolism KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Ribonucleases -- analysis KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Male KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - RNA -- metabolism KW - Eosinophils KW - Lung Diseases -- pathology KW - Inflammation -- chemically induced KW - RNA -- isolation & purification KW - Carbon -- toxicity KW - Carbon -- administration & dosage KW - Inflammation -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78478980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+lung+research&rft.atitle=Eosinophilic+lung+inflammation+in+particulate-induced+lung+injury%3A+technical+consideration+in+isolating+RNA+for+gene+expression+studies.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+U+P%3BJaskot%2C+R+H%3BBonner%2C+J%3BBadgett%2C+A%3BDreher%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+lung+research&rft.issn=01902148&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-30 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation-induced skin injuries from fluoroscopy. AN - 78476018; 8888398 AB - Since 1992, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has received reports of radiation-induced injuries to the skin in patients who had undergone fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures. The reports were investigated to determine the procedure- or equipment-related factors that may have contributed to the injury. The injuries ranged in severity from erythema to moist desquamation to tissue necrosis that required skin grafting. They occurred after a variety of interventional procedures that required extended periods of fluoroscopy compared with those of typical diagnostic procedures. Medical facilities and physicians should be aware of the magnitude of radiation doses to the skin that can result from the long exposure times required by complex interventional procedures. The FDA recommends several steps for reducing these injuries, including establishing protocols for each procedure, determining radiation dose rates for specific fluoroscopy systems and operating modes, and monitoring cumulative absorbed doses to areas of the skin. JF - Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc AU - Shope, T B AD - Office of Science and Technology, Rockville, MD 20857, USA. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 1195 EP - 1199 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0271-5333, 0271-5333 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Skin -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Radiodermatitis -- epidemiology KW - Radiodermatitis -- prevention & control KW - Radiography, Interventional -- adverse effects KW - Fluoroscopy -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78476018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiographics+%3A+a+review+publication+of+the+Radiological+Society+of+North+America%2C+Inc&rft.atitle=Radiation-induced+skin+injuries+from+fluoroscopy.&rft.au=Shope%2C+T+B&rft.aulast=Shope&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiographics+%3A+a+review+publication+of+the+Radiological+Society+of+North+America%2C+Inc&rft.issn=02715333&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental exposure to Aroclor 1254 produces low-frequency alterations in adult rat brainstem auditory evoked responses. AN - 78334920; 8812251 AB - Developmental exposure of Long-Evans rats to 0, 1, 4, or 8 mg/kg/day Aroclor 1254 (A1254) from Gestational Day 6 through Postnatal Day 21 produces an elevated behavioral threshold for a 1-kHz tone. Brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs) were assessed in a subset of these animals (about 1 year old) using filtered clicks at 1 (65 and 80 dB SPL), 4 (60 and 80 dB SPL), 16 (40 and 80 dB SPL), and 32 (40 and 80 dB SPL) kHz. Aroclor 1254 decreased BAER amplitudes at 1 and 4 kHz, but not at 16 or 32 kHz. A dose-related decrease in the baseline-to-peak P1A amplitude was observed for the 1-kHz (80-dB) stimulus. Doses of 1, 4, or 8 mg/kg/day A1254 decreased the peak-to-peak amplitude of both P1AN1 and P1BN1 for a 1-kHz (80-dB) stimulus. Doses of 4 and 8 mg/kg/day A1254 decreased the peak-to-peak amplitude of N1P2 and P2N2 for a 4-kHz (60-dB) or 1-kHz (80-dB) stimulus. At 8 mg/kg/day, A1254 also increased the latency of peak P4 at 1 kHz (65 dB). The decreases in peak P1A amplitudes are consistent with a dysfunction of the cochlea and/or auditory nerve. Together, the data confirm that developmental exposure of rats to A1254 produces a permanent low- to mid-frequency auditory dysfunction and suggest a cochlear and/or auditory nerve site of action. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Herr, D W AU - Goldey, E S AU - Crofton, K M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 120 EP - 128 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Aroclors KW - 0 KW - Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) KW - 11097-69-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Reaction Time -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Auditory Perception -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem -- drug effects KW - Aroclors -- toxicity KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem -- physiology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78334920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Developmental+exposure+to+Aroclor+1254+produces+low-frequency+alterations+in+adult+rat+brainstem+auditory+evoked+responses.&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BGoldey%2C+E+S%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Commentary. Continuing Development of Fish Species as Additional Experimental Models in Cancer Research AN - 755137092; 13645755 JF - Toxicologic Pathology AU - Couch, John A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561-5299 Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 602 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 24 IS - 5 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Toxicology Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755137092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.atitle=Commentary.+Continuing+Development+of+Fish+Species+as+Additional+Experimental+Models+in+Cancer+Research&rft.au=Couch%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F019262339602400510 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019262339602400510 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Normalization of metal concentrations in estuarine sediments from the Gulf of Mexico AN - 52751455; 1997-018413 JF - Estuaries AU - Summers, J Kevin AU - Wade, Terry L AU - Engle, Virginia D AU - Malaeb, Ziad A Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 581 EP - 594 PB - [Estuarine Research Federation], [Lawrence, KS] VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - zinc KW - copper KW - enrichment KW - lead KW - nonpoint sources KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - spatial distribution KW - spatial variations KW - areal studies KW - aluminum KW - sediments KW - estuarine environment KW - heavy metals KW - chromium KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - metals KW - nickel KW - coastal environment KW - trace metals KW - North Atlantic KW - regression analysis KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52751455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Normalization+of+metal+concentrations+in+estuarine+sediments+from+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Summers%2C+J+Kevin%3BWade%2C+Terry+L%3BEngle%2C+Virginia+D%3BMalaeb%2C+Ziad+A&rft.aulast=Summers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.jstor.org/journals/01608347.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - KS] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTUDO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; areal studies; Atlantic Ocean; chromium; coastal environment; copper; enrichment; estuarine environment; Gulf of Mexico; heavy metals; human activity; lead; metals; nickel; nonpoint sources; North Atlantic; pollutants; pollution; regression analysis; sediments; spatial distribution; spatial variations; statistical analysis; trace metals; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Artificial wetland treatment of nitrate plume, Apache Powder Superfund Site, Cochise County, Arizona AN - 52592650; 1998-041741 JF - Proceedings of the Arizona Hydrological Society Annual Symposium AU - Leonhart, L S AU - Coggeshall, M C AU - Nelson, E J AU - Leo, T P AU - Gearheart, R A AU - Benner, A AU - Alter, K M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 139 EP - 141 PB - Basin & Range Hydrogeologists, Inc., Phoenix, AZ VL - 9 KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - remediation KW - constructed wetlands KW - wetlands KW - Arizona KW - Cochise County Arizona KW - Apache Powder Superfund Site KW - nitrate ion KW - discharge KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52592650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Arizona+Hydrological+Society+Annual+Symposium&rft.atitle=Artificial+wetland+treatment+of+nitrate+plume%2C+Apache+Powder+Superfund+Site%2C+Cochise+County%2C+Arizona&rft.au=Leonhart%2C+L+S%3BCoggeshall%2C+M+C%3BNelson%2C+E+J%3BLeo%2C+T+P%3BGearheart%2C+R+A%3BBenner%2C+A%3BAlter%2C+K+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Leonhart&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Arizona+Hydrological+Society+Annual+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Ninth annual symposium of the Arizona Hydrological Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - AZ N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03215 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apache Powder Superfund Site; Arizona; Cochise County Arizona; constructed wetlands; contaminant plumes; discharge; mathematical models; nitrate ion; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Superfund; United States; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the economic benefits of ground water for environmental policy decisions AN - 51051087; 1997-034456 JF - Water Resources Journal AU - Bergstrom, John C AU - Boyle, Kevin J AU - Job, Charles A AU - Kealy, Mary Jo Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - United Nations, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, New York, NY VL - 190 SN - 0377-8053, 0377-8053 KW - water use KW - water quality KW - water supply KW - monitoring KW - erosion KW - site exploration KW - water management KW - pollution KW - water erosion KW - decision-making KW - preventive measures KW - ground water KW - transport KW - planning KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51051087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Journal&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+economic+benefits+of+ground+water+for+environmental+policy+decisions&rft.au=Bergstrom%2C+John+C%3BBoyle%2C+Kevin+J%3BJob%2C+Charles+A%3BKealy%2C+Mary+Jo&rft.aulast=Bergstrom&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=190&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Journal&rft.issn=03778053&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decision-making; erosion; ground water; monitoring; planning; policy; pollution; preventive measures; risk assessment; site exploration; transport; water erosion; water management; water quality; water resources; water supply; water use ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of subsurface modeling application at CERCLA/RCRA sites AN - 50940896; 1997-037270 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Lee, Sang B AU - Ravi, Varadhan AU - Williams, Joseph R AU - Burden, David S A2 - Ritchey, Joseph D. A2 - Rumbaugh, James O. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 3 EP - 13 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1288 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50940896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+subsurface+modeling+application+at+CERCLA%2FRCRA+sites&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sang+B%3BRavi%2C+Varadhan%3BWilliams%2C+Joseph+R%3BBurden%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sang&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=1288&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=0803120214&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Subsurface fluid-flow (ground-water and vadose zone) modeling N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary conditions; concentration; ground water; mathematical models; physical properties; pollution; sensitivity analysis; site exploration; soils; Superfund; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of alternative spatial resolutions in the application of a spatially distributed biogeochemical model over complex terrain AN - 15924111; 4044899 AB - Spatially distributed biogeochemical models may be applied over grids at a range of spatial resolutions, however, evaluation of potential errors and loss of information at relatively coarse resolutions is rare. In this study, a georeferenced database at the 1-km spatial resolution was developed to initialize and drive a process-based model (Forest-BGC) of water and carbon balance over a gridded 54976 km super(2) area covering two river basins in mountainous western Oregon. Corresponding data sets were also prepared at 10-km and 50-km spatial resolutions using commonly employed aggregation schemes. Estimates were made at each grid cell for climate variables including daily solar radiation, air temperature, humidity, and precipitation. The topographic structure, water holding capacity, vegetation type and leaf area index were likewise estimated for initial conditions. The daily time series for the climatic drivers was developed from interpolations of meteorological station data for the water year 1990 (1 October 1989-30 September 1990). Model outputs at the 1-km resolution showed good agreement with observed patterns in runoff and productivity. The ranges for model inputs at the 10-km and 50-km resolutions tended to contract because of the smoothed topography. Estimates for mean evapotranspiration and runoff were relatively insensitive to changing the spatial resolution of the grid whereas estimates of mean annual net primary production varied by 11%. The designation of a vegetation type and leaf area at the 50-km resolution often subsumed significant heterogeneity in vegetation, and this factor accounted for much of the difference in the mean values for the carbon flux variables. Although area-wide means for model outputs were generally similar across resolutions, difference maps often revealed large areas of disagreement. Relatively high spatial resolution analyses of biogeochemical cycling are desirable from several perspectives and may be particularly important in the study of the potential impacts of climate change. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Turner, D P AU - Dodson, R AU - Marks, D AD - ManTech Environ. Res. Serv. Corp., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 53 EP - 67 VL - 90 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - models KW - spatial distribution KW - river basins KW - topography KW - biogeochemistry KW - USA, Oregon KW - D 04315:Riverbasins KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15924111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+alternative+spatial+resolutions+in+the+application+of+a+spatially+distributed+biogeochemical+model+over+complex+terrain&rft.au=Turner%2C+D+P%3BDodson%2C+R%3BMarks%2C+D&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Oregon; models; spatial distribution; biogeochemistry; topography; river basins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A waterborne Salmonella typhimurium outbreak in Gideon, Missouri: Results from a field investigation AN - 15849295; 4012007 AB - A waterborne disease outbreak associated with Salmonella typhimurium was identified in Gideon, Missouri (population 1104), a town in southeastern Missouri (USA) in December, 1993. It was estimated by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that approximately 44% of the city residents developed gastroenteritis during the outbreak. Data from the field investigation was used in a computer program to simulate operations in the water system and to implicate the source of contamination as bird feces in one of the elevated storage tanks. JF - International Journal of Environmental Health Research AU - Clark, R M AU - Geldreich, EE AU - Fox, K R AU - Rice, E W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Barnick, JA AU - Abdesaken, F AU - Hill, JE AU - Angulo, F J AD - Drinking Water Res. Div., US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 187 EP - 193 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 0960-3123, 0960-3123 KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - USA, Missouri, Gideon KW - birds KW - contamination KW - disease transmission KW - drinking water KW - feces KW - field tests KW - gastroenteritis KW - human diseases KW - microbial contamination KW - storage tanks KW - water supplies KW - water supply KW - water-borne diseases KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - simulation KW - computer programs KW - Salmonella KW - public health KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - A 01108:Other water systems KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15849295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Health+Research&rft.atitle=A+waterborne+Salmonella+typhimurium+outbreak+in+Gideon%2C+Missouri%3A+Results+from+a+field+investigation&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGeldreich%2C+EE%3BFox%2C+K+R%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BBarnick%2C+JA%3BAbdesaken%2C+F%3BHill%2C+JE%3BAngulo%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Health+Research&rft.issn=09603123&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; water supply; disease transmission; microbial contamination; human diseases; storage tanks; simulation; public health; water-borne diseases; water supplies; gastroenteritis; drinking water; contamination; feces; birds; field tests; Salmonella; Salmonella typhimurium; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The potential of an earthworm avoidance test for evaluation of hazardous waste sites AN - 15782919; 3991280 AB - An earthworm avoidance test has potential advantages for use in evaluation of hazardous wastes sites. Because organisms often exhibit behavioral responses at lower levels of stress than those that acute toxicity tests are able to detect, avoidance tests could provide increased sensitivity to hazardous chemicals. Avoidance is an ecologically relevant endpoint that neither acute nor sublethal tests measure. Avoidance can potentially indicate sublethal stress in a short period of time, testing is easily done in a soil matrix, and an avoidance test has the potential for specialized applications for soil testing. "Dual-control" test data established that, in absence of a toxicant, worms did not congregate, but instead distributed themselves fairly randomly with respect to the two sides of the test chambers, that is, they did not display behavior that might be mistaken for avoidance. In tests with artificial soil spiked with reference toxicants and hazardous site soils, worms avoided soils containing various toxic chemicals. Avoidance behavior proved in most cases be a more sensitive indicator of chemical contamination than acute tests. Determination of avoidance was possible in 1 to 2 d, much less than the current duration of acute and sublethal earthworm tests. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Yeardley, RB Jr AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Gast, L C AD - DynCorp, c/o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 3411 Church Street, Cincinnati, OH 45244, USA Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 1532 EP - 1537 VL - 15 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - earthworms KW - avoidance behavior KW - hazardous wastes KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - Lumbricus terrestris KW - waste disposal sites KW - contamination KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15782919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+potential+of+an+earthworm+avoidance+test+for+evaluation+of+hazardous+waste+sites&rft.au=Yeardley%2C+RB+Jr%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BGast%2C+L+C&rft.aulast=Yeardley&rft.aufirst=RB&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lumbricus terrestris; waste disposal sites; contamination; toxicity testing; hazardous wastes; avoidance behavior ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methanol potentiation of carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity: the central role of cytochrome P450. AN - 78337694; 8814342 AB - Evidence to explain the enhanced hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) following methanol exposure by inhalation is presented. Hepatic microsomes prepared from male F344 rats exposed to methanol at concentrations up to 10,000 ppm showed increased p-nitrophenol hydroxylase activity but no increase in pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase or ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activities. Hepatic antioxidant levels, glutathione levels and glutathione-S-transferase activity in methanol-treated animals were not different from controls. In vitro metabolism of CCl4 was also increased in microsomes from methanol-treated animals. Pretreatment with allyl sulfone, a specific chemical inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2E1, abolished the difference in microsomal metabolism between exposed and control animals. This study shows that methanol exposure induces cytochrome P450 2E1, which appears to be the principal toxicokinetic mechanism responsible for the increased metabolism and thus the increased hepatotoxicity of CCl4. JF - Toxicology AU - Allis, J W AU - Brown, B L AU - Simmons, J E AU - Hatch, G E AU - McDonald, A AU - House, D E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08/16/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Aug 16 SP - 131 EP - 140 VL - 112 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Thiobarbiturates KW - Malondialdehyde KW - 4Y8F71G49Q KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - thiobarbituric acid KW - M1YZW5SS7C KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Rats KW - Malondialdehyde -- metabolism KW - Thiobarbiturates -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Lipid Peroxidation -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Drug Synergism KW - Male KW - Isoenzymes -- biosynthesis KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Liver Diseases -- enzymology KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Liver Diseases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78337694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Methanol+potentiation+of+carbon+tetrachloride+hepatotoxicity%3A+the+central+role+of+cytochrome+P450.&rft.au=Allis%2C+J+W%3BBrown%2C+B+L%3BSimmons%2C+J+E%3BHatch%2C+G+E%3BMcDonald%2C+A%3BHouse%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Allis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-08-16&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of perchloroethylene and its metabolites on intercellular communication in clone 9 rat liver cells. AN - 78267661; 8751833 AB - Gap junction intercellular communication (IC) is thought to be important in chemical carcinogenesis as abnormalities in IC have been found in cancer cells. Perchloroethylene (PERC) is metabolized in rodent liver to dichloroacetic acid (DCA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), which are rodent liver carcinogens. Chloral hydrate (CH) and trichloroethanol (TCEth) are kidney metabolites. We used Lucifer yellow scrape-load dye transfer as a measure of IC to look at the effect of PERC, DCA, TCA, CH, and TCEth on Clone 9 cell cultures (normal rat liver cells). Four independent experiments were performed for each chemical using exposure times of 1, 4, 6, 24, 48, and 168 h. Concentrations for each chemical varied and were based on preliminary data on effect and cytotoxicity. To compare the relative effectiveness of each chemical to cause biological change, we identified the lowest concentration and shortest time to significantly reduce dye transfer. DCA caused a significant change at 10 mM at 6 h; TCA, 1 mM at 1 h; CH and TCEth, 1 mM at 24 h; and PERC, 0.01 mM at 48 h. Over a 24-h treatment period, the relative efficiencies, as defined by the concentration needed to produce 50% reduction in IC, were PERC (0.3 mM) >> TCA (3.8 mM) > TCEth (6.6 mM) = CH (7.0 mM) >> DCA (41 mM). Time-course data indicated that PERC, DCA, and TCA produced reduction in IC in a similar fashion, but 5 mM CH or TCEth exhibited variances from these results and may indicate specific cell responses to these chemicals. The mechanism(s) responsible for inhibition of IC by these structurally related chemicals needs to be established. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Benane, S G AU - Blackman, C F AU - House, D E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08/09/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Aug 09 SP - 427 EP - 437 VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Chloral Hydrate KW - 418M5916WG KW - Trichloroacetic Acid KW - 5V2JDO056X KW - Ethylene Chlorohydrin KW - 753N66IHAN KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - 2,2,2-trichloroethanol KW - AW835AJ62N KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Clone Cells KW - Ethylene Chlorohydrin -- toxicity KW - Chloral Hydrate -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Trichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Ethylene Chlorohydrin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Male KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Liver -- cytology KW - Gap Junctions -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78267661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Effect+of+perchloroethylene+and+its+metabolites+on+intercellular+communication+in+clone+9+rat+liver+cells.&rft.au=Benane%2C+S+G%3BBlackman%2C+C+F%3BHouse%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Benane&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-08-09&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-30 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative effects of haloacetic acids in whole embryo culture. AN - 78588748; 8948541 AB - A major class of disinfection by-products in drinking water are the haloacetic acids. Both dichloro- and trichloroacetic acids are teratogenic when administered to rats throughout organogenesis. However, there is little information regarding the developmental toxicity of other haloacetic acids. Therefore, 3-6 somite staged CD-1 mouse embryos were exposed to acetic acid (AA) or mono- (M), di- (D), and tri- (T) substituted fluoro- (F), chloro- (C), or bromo- (B) acetic acids in whole embryo culture in order to evaluate the effects of these agents on development. A 24 hour exposure to the haloacetic acids produced dysmorphogenesis. Effects on neural tube development ranged from prosencephalic hypoplasia to non-closure defects throughout the cranial region. Exposure to the haloacetic acids affected optic development, produced malpositioned and/or hypoplastic pharyngeal arches, and resulted in perturbation of heart development. In order to determine the relative toxicities of these agents, benchmark concentrations were calculated as the lower 95% confidence interval of the concentration that produced a 5% increase in neural tube defects. The benchmark concentrations occurred over a wide range with DFA (5912.6 microM) and MBA (2.7 microM) at the extremes. Using the benchmark concentrations to compare the chemicals gives a ranking of the agents in order of increasing potency as: DFA < TFA < DCA < AA < TBA < or = TCA < DBA < MCA < MBA. TCA and DCA have demonstrated ability to disrupt development in vivo but were among the least potent haloacetic acids in vitro. Because of the potential for widespread exposure to haloacetic acids in drinking water and the incomplete toxicity profile of these chemicals, further work on their developmental effects is warranted. JF - Teratology AU - Hunter, E S AU - Rogers, E H AU - Schmid, J E AU - Richard, A AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 57 EP - 64 VL - 54 IS - 2 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- pathology KW - Animals KW - Culture Techniques KW - Eye Abnormalities -- chemically induced KW - Neural Tube Defects -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Heart Defects, Congenital -- chemically induced KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Acetates -- chemistry KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- chemistry KW - Acetates -- toxicity KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78588748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Comparative+effects+of+haloacetic+acids+in+whole+embryo+culture.&rft.au=Hunter%2C+E+S%3BRogers%2C+E+H%3BSchmid%2C+J+E%3BRichard%2C+A&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic toxicology and risk assessment of complex environmental mixtures. AN - 78557308; 8933023 JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Houk, V S AU - Waters, M D AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 187 EP - 219 VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Humans KW - Molecular Biology -- methods KW - Research Design KW - Risk Assessment KW - Chemical Fractionation -- methods KW - Mutagenesis -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78557308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Genetic+toxicology+and+risk+assessment+of+complex+environmental+mixtures.&rft.au=Houk%2C+V+S%3BWaters%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Houk&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-26 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What can research contribute to regulatory decisions about the health risks of multiple chemical sensitivity? AN - 78551088; 8921569 AB - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS), which may not be caused by chemicals at all, is a serious medical problem of unknown origin and uncertain etiology that raises many fundamental science and policy questions. Regulators, for example, are confronted with a dilemma: what, if anything, should be done to protect people from the scientifically uncertain health risks of exposures to extremely low levels of environmental chemicals. Regulatory agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency, do not have the luxury of waiting until conclusive scientific evidence is available before making a decision; however, our present lack of scientific understanding about MCS is so acute that it is not possible to ascertain whether the cause of MCS-related symptoms is chemical, biological, physical, psychosocial, or some combination thereof. Nevertheless, many MCS sufferers and advocates for the chemically induced hypothesis are clamoring for regulatory action to reduce putative health risks from very-low-level exposures to chemicals in the environment. Unless steps are taken to improve the quantity and quality of the existing scientific data base, we cannot, with any acceptable degree of certainty, evaluate the extent to which regulatory decisions about MCS are either protective of public health or cost-effective. This article examines how research can strengthen the scientific basis for risk-related decisions about MCS, and proposes a framework for establishing research directions and priorities. It is argued that high-priority research on MCS is distinguishable by four attributes: (1) results are valuable for risk-related decisions; (2) findings significantly advance scientific knowledge and understanding; and the hypothesis being tested is both (3) biologically plausible and (4) readily testable. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Dyer, R S AU - Sexton, K AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - S139 EP - S151 VL - 24 IS - 1 Pt 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Decision Making KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Health -- trends KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity -- etiology KW - Public Policy KW - Environmental Health -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78551088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=What+can+research+contribute+to+regulatory+decisions+about+the+health+risks+of+multiple+chemical+sensitivity%3F&rft.au=Dyer%2C+R+S%3BSexton%2C+K&rft.aulast=Dyer&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1+Pt+2&rft.spage=S139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-03 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the T cell-independent antibody response of mice and rats exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. AN - 78542673; 8921333 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental contaminant that produces adverse effects on the immune system of experimental animals. In this study, the effect that TCDD has on the antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to the T cell-independent (TI) antigen trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS) was compared in adult female B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats. Mice or rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of TCDD at doses ranging from 1 to 30 micrograms/kg, 7 days prior to immunization with TNP-LPS by intravenous injection. Three days later body, spleen, thymus, and liver weights were measured and the PFC response to TNP-LPS was determined. Thymus weights were decreased at 10 and 30 micrograms TCDD/kg, whereas spleen weights were decreased and liver weights increased in mice dosed at 3, 10, and 30 micrograms/kg. Mice dosed at 10 and 30 micrograms TCDD/kg had suppressed PFC responses and serum hemagglutination titers. In rats, thymus weights were decreased and liver weights increased at 3, 10, and 30 micrograms TCDD/kg; however, the PFC response and serum hemagglutination titers to TNP-LPS were suppressed only at 30 micrograms/kg TCDD. TCDD did not affect splenic lymphocyte subsets evaluated by flow cytometry. These results indicate that TCDD suppresses the TI antibody response to TNP-LPS in both B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats, with mice more sensitive to suppression by TCDD than rats. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Smialowicz, R J AU - Williams, W C AU - Riddle, M M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 293 EP - 297 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mice KW - T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Organ Size KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Female KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Antibody Formation -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78542673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+T+cell-independent+antibody+response+of+mice+and+rats+exposed+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BRiddle%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-12 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactivity parameters in structure-activity relationship-based risk assessment of chemicals. AN - 78450579; 8875147 AB - New approaches to the risk assessment process are needed that might be more definitive and satisfying to the scientific community, interest groups, and the public at large. This commentary examines an alternative approach that is based on understanding the relationships of chemical structure and reactivity properties to the toxicokinetic behavior of chemicals in biological systems. This approach is based on the likelihood that there is a limited number of triggering (reactivity) mechanisms by which chemicals can express their toxicity at the molecular level. The fundamental importance of electrophilic character of chemicals as a determinant of their critical molecular reactivities and interactions with biological material in the expression of toxicity is supported. Such an approach also takes advantage of the maturing field of theoretical/computational chemistry in understanding important molecular recognition and reactivity processes (both qualitatively and quantitatively) for chemicals that can underlie their biological/toxicological activity. A process that permits assessment of reaction equivalents delivered to biological systems may hold promise for grouping chemicals by common triggering mechanisms with clearly delineated toxicological endpoints. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - McKinney, J D AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711-2055, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 810 EP - 816 VL - 104 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Benzopyrenes KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Benzopyrenes -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Protein Binding KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78450579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Reactivity+parameters+in+structure-activity+relationship-based+risk+assessment+of+chemicals.&rft.au=McKinney%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=McKinney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=810&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-12 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Crit Rev Toxicol. 1990;21(1):51-88 [2124811] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jul;87:199-205 [2269226] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jul;87:227-32 [2269229] Biochem J. 1991 Jun 1;276 ( Pt 2):273-87 [1646595] Ann Occup Hyg. 1991 Jun;35(3):309-21 [1888102] Mol Endocrinol. 1991 Sep;5(9):1203-14 [1663211] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Feb;112(2):171-81 [1539156] Carcinogenesis. 1992 Apr;13(4):547-53 [1576705] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Apr 22;101(1):36-44 [8390353] Chem Res Toxicol. 1993 Nov-Dec;6(6):754-63 [8117913] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):444-5 [8119256] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1994;24(1):1-74 [8172651] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Mar;102(3):290-7 [8033869] Chem Res Toxicol. 1994 Sep-Oct;7(5):621-7 [7841340] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1995;35:341-68 [7598498] Toxicol Lett. 1995 Sep;79(1-3):115-22 [7570648] Chem Res Toxicol. 1995 Sep;8(6):847-58 [7492734] Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Feb;24(2):203-10 [8742232] Biochem Pharmacol. 1979;28(4):561-3 [426878] Environ Health Perspect. 1980 Jun;36:103-17 [7428739] Chem Biol Interact. 1981 Jan;33(2-3):271-83 [6257406] Carcinogenesis. 1990 Oct;11(10):1811-8 [2208594] Toxicol Lett. 1989 Dec;49(2-3):199-214 [2690404] Arch Toxicol Suppl. 1989;13:440-5 [2505739] Carcinogenesis. 1987 Feb;8(2):253-64 [3802409] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1983;11(2):85-120 [6340969] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 May;60:57-68 [2992928] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Sep;61:147-62 [3905371] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benzo[b]fluoranthene: tumorigenicity in strain A/J mouse lungs, DNA adducts and mutations in the Ki-ras oncogene. AN - 78270699; 8761429 AB - The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F) is a pervasive constituent of environmental combustion products. We sought to examine the lung tumorigenic activity of B[b]F in strain A/J mice, to study the relationship between formation and decay of B[b]F-DNA adducts and to examine mutations in the Ki-ras proto-oncogene in DNA from B[b]F-induced tumors. Mice were given i.p. injections of 0, 10, 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg body wt and lung adenomas were scored after 8 months. B[b]F induced significant numbers of mouse lung adenomas in a dose-related fashion, with the highest dose (200 mg/kg) yielding 6.95 adenomas/ mouse, with 100% of the mice exhibiting an adenoma. In mice given tricaprylin, the vehicle control, there were 0.60 adenomas/mouse, with 55% of the mice exhibiting an adenoma. Based on dose, B[b]F was less active than benzo[a]pyrene. DNA adducts were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by 32P-post-labeling in lungs of strain A/J mice 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 days after i.p. injection. Maximal levels of adduction occurred 5 days after treatment with the 200 mg/kg dose group, producing 1230 amol B[b]F-DNA adducts/microgram DNA. The major B[b]F-DNA adduct was identified by co-chromatography as trans-9, 10-dihydroxy-anti-11, 12-epoxy-5-hydroxy-9, 10, 11, 12-tetra-hydro-B[b]F-deoxyguanosine. Approximately 86% of the tumors had a mutation in codon 12 of the Ki-ras oncogene, as determined by direct DNA sequencing of PCR-amplified exon 1 and single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis. Analysis of the Ki-ras mutation spectrum in 25 of 29 B[b]F-induced tumors revealed the predominant mutation to be a G-->T transversion in the first or second base of codon 12, congruous with the DNA adduct data. Our data are consistent with previous reports in mouse skin implicating a phenolic diol epoxide as the proximate carcinogenic form of B[b]F that binds to guanine. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Mass, M J AU - Abu-Shakra, A AU - Roop, B C AU - Nelson, G AU - Galati, A J AU - Stoner, G D AU - Nesnow, S AU - Ross, J A AD - Biochemistry and Pathobiology Branch (MD-68), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 1701 EP - 1704 VL - 17 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - DNA Primers KW - Fluorenes KW - benzo(b)fluoranthene KW - FJO154KG1X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Mice KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Male KW - Genes, ras KW - Fluorenes -- toxicity KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78270699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Benzo%5Bb%5Dfluoranthene%3A+tumorigenicity+in+strain+A%2FJ+mouse+lungs%2C+DNA+adducts+and+mutations+in+the+Ki-ras+oncogene.&rft.au=Mass%2C+M+J%3BAbu-Shakra%2C+A%3BRoop%2C+B+C%3BNelson%2C+G%3BGalati%2C+A+J%3BStoner%2C+G+D%3BNesnow%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Mass&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory application of ELISA: compliance monitoring of bromacil in soil. AN - 78123756; 8661908 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Linde, C D AU - Gee, S J AU - Goh, K S AU - Hsu, J C AU - Hammock, B D AU - Barry, T A AU - Weaver, D J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Pesticide Regulation, Environmental Monitoring and Pesticide Management Branch, 1020 N Street, Sacramento, California 95814, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 264 EP - 269 VL - 57 IS - 2 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Bromouracil KW - 4HK400G5UO KW - bromacil KW - I048FFR2J0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Time Factors KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay -- methods KW - Bromouracil -- analysis KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Bromouracil -- analogs & derivatives KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78123756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Regulatory+application+of+ELISA%3A+compliance+monitoring+of+bromacil+in+soil.&rft.au=Glaser%2C+John+A%3BMcCauley%2C+Paul+T%3BDosani%2C+Majid%3BKrishnan%2C+E+Radha%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correcting errors in the thermodynamic database for the equilibrium speciation model MINTEQA2 AN - 52720021; 1997-037912 JF - Water Research (Oxford) AU - Serkiz, Steven M AU - Allison, Jerry D AU - Perdue, E Michael AU - Allen, Herbert E AU - Brown, David S Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 1930 EP - 1933 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - data acquisition KW - physicochemical properties KW - data processing KW - mathematical models KW - MINTEQA2 KW - ions KW - equilibrium KW - inorganic materials KW - models KW - computer programs KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52720021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Correcting+errors+in+the+thermodynamic+database+for+the+equilibrium+speciation+model+MINTEQA2&rft.au=Serkiz%2C+Steven+M%3BAllison%2C+Jerry+D%3BPerdue%2C+E+Michael%3BAllen%2C+Herbert+E%3BBrown%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Serkiz&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1930&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00431354 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WATRAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical fractionation; chemical properties; chemical reactions; computer programs; data acquisition; data processing; equilibrium; geochemistry; inorganic materials; ions; ligands; mathematical models; metals; MINTEQA2; models; physicochemical properties; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory experiments with heterogeneous reactions in mixed porous media AN - 52319157; 2000-063757 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Burris, David R AU - Hatfield, Kirk AU - Wolfe, N L Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 685 EP - 691 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 122 IS - 8 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - water treatment KW - nitrobenzene KW - hydrocarbons KW - pump-and-treat KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52319157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Laboratory+experiments+with+heterogeneous+reactions+in+mixed+porous+media&rft.au=Burris%2C+David+R%3BHatfield%2C+Kirk%3BWolfe%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Burris&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; chemical reactions; contaminant plumes; degradation; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; kinetics; laboratory studies; mass transfer; nitrobenzene; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; pump-and-treat; remediation; transport; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical model for heterogeneous reactions in mixed porous media AN - 52316760; 2000-063756 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Hatfield, Kirk AU - Burris, David R AU - Wolfe, N L Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 676 EP - 684 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 122 IS - 8 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - solute transport KW - hazardous waste KW - sorption KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - water management KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - mass transfer KW - mobility KW - permeability KW - diffusivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52316760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Analytical+model+for+heterogeneous+reactions+in+mixed+porous+media&rft.au=Hatfield%2C+Kirk%3BBurris%2C+David+R%3BWolfe%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Hatfield&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chemical waste; contaminant plumes; degradation; diffusivity; ground water; hazardous waste; mass transfer; mathematical models; mobility; permeability; pollution; porous materials; remediation; solute transport; sorption; water management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics of single and multiple metal ion sorption processes on humic substances AN - 50330087; 1996-066600 JF - Soil Science AU - Jin, X AU - Bailey, G W AU - Yu, Y S AU - Lynch, A T Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 509 EP - 520 PB - Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore, MD VL - 161 IS - 8 SN - 0038-075X, 0038-075X KW - United States KW - sorption KW - organic residues KW - cobalt KW - copper KW - lead KW - humic acids KW - Altamaha Valley KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - sediments KW - cadmium KW - valency KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - chromium KW - organic materials KW - pollutants KW - lithium KW - silver KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - models KW - peat KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - parent materials KW - cations KW - Georgia KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50330087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science&rft.atitle=Kinetics+of+single+and+multiple+metal+ion+sorption+processes+on+humic+substances&rft.au=Jin%2C+X%3BBailey%2C+G+W%3BYu%2C+Y+S%3BLynch%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=161&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science&rft.issn=0038075X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.soilsci.com LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SOSCAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; Altamaha Valley; cadmium; cations; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; chromium; cobalt; copper; geochemistry; Georgia; heavy metals; humic acids; humic substances; kinetics; lead; ligands; lithium; metals; models; organic acids; organic compounds; organic materials; organic residues; parent materials; peat; pH; pollutants; pollution; sediments; silver; simulation; sorption; temperature; transport; United States; valency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of the vial equilibration technique for determination of metabolic rate constants for dichloromethane AN - 16058079; 4106939 AB - Metabolism of methylene chloride, or dichloromethane (DCM), plays a key role in determining the kinetics and carcinogenicity of the halocarbon. The objectives of this study were: to evaluate and optimize the vial equilibration technique, originally described by Sato and Nakajima (1979a), in order to characterize the hepatic metabolism of DCM by Sprague--Dawley rats; to employ different hepatic microsomal preparations to examine buffer effects on DCM metabolism; and to assess the relative importance and metabolic constants of the mixed-function oxidase (MFO) and glutathione (GSH) S-transferase (GST) metabolic pathways. A crude liver homogenate (20% w/v) was prepared from perfused livers of male Sprague--Dawley (S--D) rats (275-325 g). A 30% glycerol buffer was found to significantly inhibit DCM metabolism, while 0.25 M sucrose buffer containing 10 mM EDTA and 1.15% KCl did not. DCM was incubated with the liver 10,000g supernatant or microsomes and cofactors in sealed headspace vials. Disappearance of DCM, as a measure of the chemical's metabolism, was monitored by headspace gas chromatography. Different trials were conducted to elucidate time--, enzyme--, and substrate--activity relationships. The scaled-up K sub(m) and V sub(max) values for the microsomal fraction were quite similar to optimized in vivo values reported by other investigators. In the current study, DCM appeared to be metabolized preferentially by cytochrome P450 IIE1, since substrates (e.g., pyrazole, ethanol, and glycerol) for this isozyme completely inhibited DCM metabolism. Thus, glycerol should not be used as a P450 stabilizer for preparation or storage of microsomes. Phorone pretreatment caused marked hepatic GSH depletion, but had little effect on the overall rate of DCM metabolism. Quantitatively, the GST pathway in the cytosol played a very minor role in DCM metabolism. It was not possible to accurately calculate metabolic constants for this pathway in S--D rats. The vial equilibration technique, as described here, is a relatively simple and reliable method, which should be broadly applicable for measuring the microsomal metabolism of DCM and other VOCs. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Kim, C AU - Manning, RO AU - Brown, R P AU - Bruckner, J V AD - Health Sciences Branch (HFZ-112), Office of Science and Technology, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, USA Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 243 EP - 251 VL - 139 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - metabolic rate KW - rats KW - dichloromethane KW - cytochrome P450 KW - glycerol KW - phorone KW - glutathione KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - microsomes KW - liver KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16058079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Use+of+the+vial+equilibration+technique+for+determination+of+metabolic+rate+constants+for+dichloromethane&rft.au=Kim%2C+C%3BManning%2C+RO%3BBrown%2C+R+P%3BBruckner%2C+J+V&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microsomes; liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatocyte expression of tumor associated aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-3) and p21 Ras following diethylnitrosamine (DEN) initiation and chronic exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DHEP) AN - 15773080; 3989091 AB - Phthalate esters such as di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) either promote or inhibit rat liver tumorigenesis depending on the carcinogenesis protocol. In this study, we examined the expression of two histochemical markers, the tumor associated isozyme of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-3) and the oncoprotein p21 Ras, in the livers of male F344 rats. The rats were initiated with DEN and further treated with either DEHP (a known inhibitor of hepatocarcinogenesis), phenobarbital (PB, a known promoter of hepatocarcinogenesis), or a combination of DEHP and PB. The studies were designed to examine the expression of these markers in both normal appearing liver and hepatic hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions and to correlate the early expression of the markers at 26 weeks in the normal appearing liver to later tumor incidence at 52 weeks. The expression of each marker was detected by immunohistochemical methods on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded sections of normal appearing liver or liver lesions. We found that ALDH-3 and p21 expression were significantly enhanced in rats receiving PB after DEN initiation at 26 weeks and that the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas was likewise increased compared to control or DEN only treated animals. DEN initiation followed by a combination of PB and either 0.1 or 0.5% DEHP significantly reduced ALDH-3 but not p21 Ras expression at 26 weeks compared to DEN plus PB only. These treatment regimens also reduced the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas at 52 weeks. DEN followed by any of the three doses of DEHP without PB resulted in ALDH-3 expression similar to DEN alone. However, p21 Ras expression was significantly increased after these treatments. For all treatment groups, both the early (26 weeks) expression of p21 Ras and ALDH-3 correlated with hepatocellular carcinoma incidence at 52 weeks. However, the correlation between hepatocellular carcinoma and ALDH-3 expression was better than p21 Ras or the other markers we have studied. We concluded that ALDH-3 expression is significantly downregulated after DEHP treatment, and that expression of the isozyme correlated with later hepatocarcinoma incidence and may indicate a significant relationship between ALDH-3 expression and hepatocarcinogenesis during DEHP treatment. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Richmond, R E AU - Carter, J H AU - Carter, H W AU - Daniel, F B AU - Deangelo, AB AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Center, Mail Drop 68. Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 1647 EP - 1655 VL - 17 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - rats KW - aldehyde dehydrogenase KW - Ras protein KW - p21 protein KW - N-nitrosodiethylamine KW - bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate KW - Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - liver KW - hepatocytes KW - X 24200:Nitrosamines & related compounds KW - B 26130:Ras and Ras related oncogenes (Rho/Rac/Ral) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15773080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Hepatocyte+expression+of+tumor+associated+aldehyde+dehydrogenase+%28ALDH-3%29+and+p21+Ras+following+diethylnitrosamine+%28DEN%29+initiation+and+chronic+exposure+to+di%282-ethylhexyl%29+phthalate+%28DHEP%29&rft.au=Richmond%2C+R+E%3BCarter%2C+J+H%3BCarter%2C+H+W%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BDeangelo%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Richmond&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hepatocytes; liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative cancer assessment for vinyl chloride: indications of early-life sensitivity. AN - 78213378; 8711737 AB - Complementary sources of information are analyzed to characterize the early-life cancer risk from inhaling vinyl chloride. A study of partial-lifetime exposures suggests that the lifetime cancer risk depends on age at exposure, with higher lifetime risks attributable to exposures at younger ages. Studies of newborn animal exposures further demonstrate that a brief exposure in newborns can, by the end of life, induce a higher incidence of tumors compared to long-term exposure occurring later in life, including tumor types not induced by exposure later in life. An empirical, quantitative approach is used to model early-life sensitivity to inhaled vinyl chloride, supplementing conventional approaches for estimating the increased cancer risk from lifetime exposure. A single estimate is not presumed to apply to the entire population; instead, the new approach makes distinctions about the cancer risks for different population segments. This assessment shows one way such information might be analyzed, presented, and used to assess actual exposure situations. JF - Toxicology AU - Cogliano, V J AU - Hiatt, G F AU - Den, A AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/07/17/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jul 17 SP - 21 EP - 28 VL - 111 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Vinyl Chloride KW - WD06X94M2D KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Age Factors KW - Disease Susceptibility KW - Vinyl Chloride -- toxicity KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Animals, Newborn -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78213378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+cancer+assessment+for+vinyl+chloride%3A+indications+of+early-life+sensitivity.&rft.au=Cogliano%2C+V+J%3BHiatt%2C+G+F%3BDen%2C+A&rft.aulast=Cogliano&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-07-17&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of four human studies of perinatal exposure to methylmercury for use in risk assessment. AN - 78208363; 8711732 AB - Newer data from human epidemiologic studies of methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning in which perinatal exposure occurred are available from four distinct populations. The results of an Iraqi grain-consuming population are compared to results from studies performed in fish-consuming groups in the Faroe Islands, the Seychelles Islands and in Peruvian fishing villages. A comparison of the results indicate that the Iraqi population does not represent a sensitive subpopulation within a perinatal group, but rather the relative lower threshold identified from this study was the results of confounders. Use of this benchmark dose for regulatory purposes may place a severe limitation upon fish consumption in the United States that is not fully supported by the scientific data. JF - Toxicology AU - Cicmanec, J L AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. Y1 - 1996/07/17/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jul 17 SP - 157 EP - 162 VL - 111 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Indian Ocean Islands -- epidemiology KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Denmark -- epidemiology KW - Iraq -- epidemiology KW - Risk Assessment KW - Peru -- epidemiology KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- poisoning KW - Food Contamination KW - Environmental Pollutants -- poisoning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78208363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+four+human+studies+of+perinatal+exposure+to+methylmercury+for+use+in+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Cicmanec%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cicmanec&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-07-17&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Toxicology 1997 May 16;119(3):239 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capillary electrophoretic behavior of seven sulfonylureas. AN - 78753216; 9384737 AB - The electrophoretic behavior of seven sulfonylureas (bensulfuron methyl, sulfometuron methyl, nicosulfuron [accent], chlorimuron ethyl, thifensulfuron methyl [harmony], metsulfuron methyl, and chlorsulfuron) was studied under capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) conditions. Mixtures of these compounds were separated with very high efficiencies (2 x 10(5) theoretical plates) in a running buffer consisting of 3 parts acetate buffer (25 mM, pH 5.0) and 1 part acetonitrile. In this buffer system, acetonitrile was shown to be superior to methanol, acetone, and ethanol as a nonpolar additive, but any of these solvents can be used to reduce electroosmotic flow (EOF) and to obtain adequate separation. On-column detection limits at 214 nM were of the order of 80-100 fM. Micellar agents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium cholate (but not monosialoganglioside-Gm1 or starburst dendrimer, generation 2.5) improved separation in phosphate and borate buffers. Implications of these results for the development of methods to detect these compounds on matrices of environmental origin are discussed. In particular, the instability of these compounds in methanol is noted and degradation products are detected using free zone CE. The methanolysis products of sulfometuron are tentatively identified by tandem MS (negative ion conditions) as 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine and 2-carboxymethylbenz(N-carboxymethyl)sulfonamide. JF - Journal of capillary electrophoresis AU - Matchett, W H AU - Winnik, W AU - Brumley, W C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 199 EP - 204 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 1079-5383, 1079-5383 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Micelles KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Chromatography -- methods KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary -- methods KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds -- isolation & purification KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds -- chemistry KW - Herbicides -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78753216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.atitle=Capillary+electrophoretic+behavior+of+seven+sulfonylureas.&rft.au=Matchett%2C+W+H%3BWinnik%2C+W%3BBrumley%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Matchett&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.issn=10795383&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-02 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory health effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. AN - 78685223; 9000301 AB - During the last 25 years, several hundred papers have been published on the respiratory health effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Various independent assessments have concluded that ETS causes lung cancer in adult nonsmokers and increases the risk of various noncancer effects, principally in children. The effects on children include pneumonia, bronchitis and bronchiolitis in young children; chronic middle ear effusion; increased frequency and severity of attacks among asthmatics; possible induction of asthma in previously asymptomatic individuals; small reductions in lung function; and symptoms of upper respiratory tract irritation. In nonsmoking adults, ETS exposure is associated with irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, and with wheezing, symptoms of bronchitis, shortness of breath, and decreased lung function. The results of recent studies not only confirm and strengthen the above findings but also provide strong suggestive evidence that ETS causes sinonasal cancer and is a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome. To mitigate such a preventable environmental health impact, public health measures to reduce involuntary ETS exposure are warranted. JF - Reviews on environmental health AU - Jinot, J AU - Bayard, S AD - Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 89 EP - 100 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 0048-7554, 0048-7554 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Public Health Administration KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Child KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- etiology KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78685223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Respiratory+health+effects+of+exposure+to+environmental+tobacco+smoke.&rft.au=Jinot%2C+J%3BBayard%2C+S&rft.aulast=Jinot&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.issn=00487554&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermoregulatory aspects of environmental exposure to anticholinesterase agents. AN - 78682859; 9000302 AB - Anticholinesterase (antiChE) agents can be highly toxic to birds and mammals and constitute a major proportion of the pesticides used throughout the world. AntiChEs consist of the organophosphates (OP), which irreversibly inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and the carbamates (CB), which reversibly inhibit AChE. AChE inhibition elicits cholinergic stimulation in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues and organs, which can lead to marked dysfunction of homeostatic systems, including temperature regulation. The control of body temperature uses cholinergic pathways in the integration and central processing of thermal information, as well as in the control of thermoeffector responses. Hence, the cholinergic stimulation elicited from exposure to antiChEs has profound effects on body temperature at rest as well as during exercise. Ambient heat and cold stress can also modulate the animal's sensitivity to antiChE exposure. After exposure to most OPs, rodents and other small species undergo a marked hypothermic response lasting up to 24 hours. On the other hand, humans exposed to OP pesticides rarely become hypothermic but rather experience a fever that may last many days. Recent studies monitoring body temperature in OP-exposed, telemetered rats demonstrated that the initial hypothermic response is followed by a period of hyperthermia lasting several days. That the hyperthermia can be blocked with administration of sodium salicylate suggests that the hyperthermia is a fever. Thus, the antiChE-induced effects on body temperature and other physiological systems cannot be explained solely by the immediate consequences of AChE inhibition and stimulation of cholinergic systems. Research into the mechanisms of action of antiChE toxicity will be improved with a better understanding of their effects on temperature regulation. JF - Reviews on environmental health AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 101 EP - 117 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 0048-7554, 0048-7554 KW - Carbamates KW - 0 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Insecticides KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Acclimatization KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Exercise KW - Fever -- chemically induced KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Hypothermia -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78682859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Thermoregulatory+aspects+of+environmental+exposure+to+anticholinesterase+agents.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.issn=00487554&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Rev Environ Health. 2007 Oct-Dec;22(4):i-ii [18351225] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of vision on computerized neurobehavioral test scores: a proposal for improving test protocols. AN - 78450099; 8866529 AB - Computerized tests of neurobehavioral function are frequently administered in neurotoxicological studies with little attention given to the optical properties of test stimuli or to the vision of subjects. Yet many test stimuli are small or briefly presented, and test endpoints often involve short reaction times. Stimulus detection and reaction time are known to be strongly dependent upon stimulus luminance, contrast, and size, as well as on the subject's visual abilities. The current study assessed the influence of visual contrast sensitivity on Neurobehavioral Evaluation System 2 (NES2) test results in three data sets. Analyses indicated that vision was associated with up to 24% of the variance (Hand Eye Coordination test) in NES2 scores, even when visual acuity was normal, and that vision often influenced the significance of group differences. It is suggested that researchers measure the luminance, contrast, and size of test stimuli, the distance from the subject's eyes to the monitor, and the subject's visual contrast sensitivity. The measurement and control of stimulus parameters and the inclusion of visual function scores in analysis models could reduce the variability among computerized test scores both within and between studies. Models that assess the influence of vision on computerized test results may help to identify the CNS domains and specialized functions adversely affected by neurotoxicant exposures. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Otto, D A AU - House, D E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. hudnell@am.herl.epa.gov PY - 1996 SP - 391 EP - 400 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Solvents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Contrast Sensitivity -- drug effects KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Humans KW - Solvents -- adverse effects KW - Calibration KW - Lighting KW - Child KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Electronics KW - Female KW - Male KW - Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted -- methods KW - Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted -- instrumentation KW - Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted -- standards KW - Neuropsychological Tests -- standards KW - Vision, Ocular -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78450099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+vision+on+computerized+neurobehavioral+test+scores%3A+a+proposal+for+improving+test+protocols.&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BOtto%2C+D+A%3BHouse%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fourteen-day toxicity study of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene in Fischer 344 rats. AN - 78417676; 8854214 AB - Toxic effects of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) in male and female rats were evaluated by feeding powdered certified laboratory chow diet supplemented with varied concentrations of TNB (0, 50, 200, 400, 800 and 1200 mg kg-1 diet) for 14 days. Food intake by female rats in 400, 800 and 1200 mg TNB diet groups was reduced and resulted in a significant decrease in absolute body weights (BW). Food and water consumption by male rats in high-dose groups (800 and 1200 mg TNB kg-1 diet) was also reduced and resulted in a significant decrease in body weight. The calculated average TNB intake (from 1200 mg TNB kg-1 diet) was 92 mg kg-1 BW day-1 for male rats and 80 mg kg-1 BW day-1 for females. A decrease in testicular weight in males and an increase in spleen weight of both sexes in high-dose groups was noted. In addition, histopathological examinations revealed that the susceptible organs for TNB toxicity were kidney (hyaline droplets), spleen (extramedullary hematopoiesis), brain (hemorrhage, malacia and gliosis) and testes (seminiferous tubular degeneration). Hematology and clinical chemistry studies indicated a decrease in red blood cell count and hematocrit, a decrease in alkaline phosphatase, an increase in Heinz bodies and increased methemoglobin concentration as compared to controls in both sexes. A lowest observed adverse effect level of 4.41 mg TNB kg-1 BW day-1 was established based on the findings of this study. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Reddy, T V AU - Olson, G R AU - Wiechman, B AU - Reddy, G AU - Robinson, M AU - Torsella, J A AU - Daniel, F B AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 289 EP - 295 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Trinitrobenzenes KW - 0 KW - sym-trinitrobenzene KW - 2H75703R1X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Anemia -- chemically induced KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Organ Size KW - Body Weight KW - Rats KW - Hematologic Tests KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Cerebral Cortex -- pathology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Trinitrobenzenes -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78417676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Fourteen-day+toxicity+study+of+1%2C3%2C5-trinitrobenzene+in+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=Reddy%2C+T+V%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BWiechman%2C+B%3BReddy%2C+G%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BTorsella%2C+J+A%3BDaniel%2C+F+B&rft.aulast=Reddy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-14 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of atrazine on ovarian function in the rat. AN - 78365628; 8829248 AB - The effect of the chlorotriazine herbicide, atrazine, on ovarian function was studied in Long-Evans hooded (LE-hooded) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Atrazine was administered by gavage for 21 d to females displaying regular 4-d estrous cycles. In both strains, 75 mg/kg/d disrupted the 4-d ovarian cycle; however, no distinct alteration (i.e., irregular cycles but not persistent estrus or diestrus) was apparent at this dose. At 150 mg/kg/d, atrazine induced repetitive pseudopregnancies in females of both strains. The highest dose tested (300 mg/kg/d) also induced repetitive pseudopregnancies in the SD females, while the ovaries of the LE-hooded female appeared regressed and the smear cytology was indicative of the anestrous condition. Although a NOAEL was not established, the doses employed in this experiment were in excess of those used in chronic feeding studies in which an early onset of mammary gland tumors was noted. These data demonstrate that atrazine can disrupt ovarian function and bring about major changes in the endocrine profile of the female. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Cooper, R L AU - Stoker, T E AU - Goldman, J M AU - Parrish, M B AU - Tyrey, L AD - Endocrinology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 257 EP - 264 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Female KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Herbicides -- toxicity KW - Ovary -- physiology KW - Estrus -- drug effects KW - Atrazine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78365628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+atrazine+on+ovarian+function+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+R+L%3BStoker%2C+T+E%3BGoldman%2C+J+M%3BParrish%2C+M+B%3BTyrey%2C+L&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-09 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting soil sorption coefficients of organic chemicals using a neural network model AN - 52791428; 1996-079086 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Gao, Chao AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Tabak, Henry H Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 1089 EP - 1096 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - hazardous waste KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - sorption KW - PCBs KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - partitioning KW - triazines KW - octanol KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - water KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - insecticides KW - experimental studies KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - petroleum products KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - DDT KW - hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - regression analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52791428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Predicting+soil+sorption+coefficients+of+organic+chemicals+using+a+neural+network+model&rft.au=Gao%2C+Chao%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BTabak%2C+Henry+H&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1089&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; carbon; chemical composition; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; DDT; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hazardous waste; herbicides; hydrocarbons; insecticides; models; octanol; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; organochlorine pesticides; partitioning; PCBs; pesticides; petroleum products; pollution; prediction; regression analysis; sediments; soils; solubility; sorption; statistical analysis; triazines; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of equilibrium partitioning to establish sediment quality criteria for nonionic chemicals; a reply to Iannuzzi et al. AN - 52791381; 1996-079084 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ankley, G T AU - Berry, W J AU - Di Toro, D M AU - Hansen, D J AU - Hoke, R A AU - Mount, D R AU - Reiley, M C AU - Swartz, R C AU - Zarba, C S Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 1019 EP - 1024 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - water quality KW - benthic taxa KW - bioavailability KW - partitioning KW - toxicity KW - description KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - particulate materials KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - organic materials KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - equilibrium KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved materials KW - nonionic organic chemicals KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52791381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+equilibrium+partitioning+to+establish+sediment+quality+criteria+for+nonionic+chemicals%3B+a+reply+to+Iannuzzi+et+al.&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BBerry%2C+W+J%3BDi+Toro%2C+D+M%3BHansen%2C+D+J%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BMount%2C+D+R%3BReiley%2C+M+C%3BSwartz%2C+R+C%3BZarba%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1019&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to discussion see Iannuzzi, T. J. et al., Environ. Toxicol. Chem., Vol. 14, p. 1257-1259, 1995; for reference to original see Di Toro, D. M. et al., Environ. Toxicol. Chem., Vol. 10, p. 1541-1583, 1991 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; bioavailability; carbon; chemical composition; chemical properties; description; dissolved materials; equilibrium; experimental studies; nonionic organic chemicals; numerical models; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; particulate materials; partitioning; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; pore water; sediments; solubility; statistical analysis; toxicity; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the degradation of methyl bromide in sea water AN - 51059547; 1996-066352 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Jeffers, Peter M AU - Wolfe, N Lee Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 1773 EP - 1776 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 23 IS - 14 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - chlorine KW - sea water KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - rates KW - temperature KW - ozone KW - organic compounds KW - methyl bromide KW - chemical reactions KW - chloride ion KW - agrochemicals KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ion exchange KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51059547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=On+the+degradation+of+methyl+bromide+in+sea+water&rft.au=Jeffers%2C+Peter+M%3BWolfe%2C+N+Lee&rft.aulast=Jeffers&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F96GL01670 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; chemical reactions; chloride ion; chlorine; degradation; geochemistry; halogenated hydrocarbons; halogens; hydrolysis; ion exchange; methyl bromide; organic compounds; ozone; pollutants; pollution; rates; sea water; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96GL01670 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence of Gross Pathological Abnormalities in Estuarine Fishes AN - 20541644; 9227351 AB - Gross external pathological abnormalities are frequently used as indicators of anthropogenic influence in estuarine and marine waters, but little baseline information is available to identify what constitutes normal prevalences (percentages of animals affected). To establish this baseline, trawl samples were collected from 120 randomly located estuarine sites in the Virginian biogeographic province (mid-Atlantic) in 1990 and from 220 randomly located sites in the Louisianian biogeographic province (Gulf Coast) in 1991 and 1992. Sediment contaminant concentrations were measured at each site. In all, 24,291 fish representing 143 species were examined for gross pathological abnormalities, and background prevalences were estimated to be 0.5% in midAtlantic and 0.7% in Gulf Coast estuaries. Fifteen types of gross abnormalities were noted. Skin lesions were the most prevalent abnormalities in both provinces, followed by ocular abnormalities (e.g., exophthalmia, keratitis) in the Virginian Province and branchial chamber abnormalities (e.g., parasites, gill arch deformities) in the Louisianian Province. The prevalence of gross abnormalities was about three times higher for demersal fish than for pelagic fish and was about eight times more prevalent at sites with high sediment contaminant concentrations. Among the major estuarine systems of the mid-Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines, pathological abnormalities were most prevalent in Galveston Bay and lowest in Long Island Sound and Mississippi Sound. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Fournie, John W AU - SUMMERS, JKEVIN AU - Weisberg, Stephen B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 581 EP - 590 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. VL - 125 IS - 4 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Pelagic fisheries KW - Gulfs KW - ANW, USA, Virginian Province KW - Sound KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Gills KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Biogeography KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Coastal zone KW - Keratitis KW - Fish KW - Contaminants KW - Abnormalities KW - Parasites KW - Pisces KW - Islands KW - Pollutants KW - ASW, USA, Alabama, Mississippi Sound KW - Sounds KW - Lesions KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Coasts KW - Sediment pollution KW - ANW, USA, Virginian Biogeographic Prov. KW - Skin KW - ANW, USA, Long Island Sound KW - ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay KW - Sediments KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Skin diseases KW - Exophthalmia KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20541644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Prevalence+of+Gross+Pathological+Abnormalities+in+Estuarine+Fishes&rft.au=Fournie%2C+John+W%3BSUMMERS%2C+JKEVIN%3BWeisberg%2C+Stephen+B&rft.aulast=Fournie&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2F1548-8659%281996%291252.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Pelagic fisheries; Exophthalmia; Biogeography; Estuaries; Brackishwater environment; Gills; Abnormalities; Coasts; Islands; Skin diseases; Sound; Keratitis; Contaminants; Sediments; Parasites; Coastal zone; Skin; anthropogenic factors; Lesions; Fish; Pollutants; Sounds; Sediment Contamination; Gulfs; Pisces; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ANW, USA, Virginian Province; ANW, USA, Virginian Biogeographic Prov.; ANW, USA, Long Island Sound; ASW, USA, Alabama, Mississippi Sound; ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1996)125<0581:POGPAI>2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of mycorrhizas in the response of Pinus taeda seedlings to elevated CO sub(2) AN - 15778209; 3988929 AB - The effects of mycorrhizal status, phosphorus supply and CO sub(2) partial pressure on production and allocation of biomass in seedlings from two populations of Pinus taeda L. were examined. Seedlings from a North Carolina and a Florida population were grown in sterile soil in full-factorial experiment with one of two phosphorus treatments (low P, high P) and at one of two CO sub(2) partial pressures (35.5, 71.0 Pa). One half of the seedlings were inoculated with Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch hyphae and spores. Seedlings were harvested 60, 90 and 120 d after emergence. Elevated CO sub(2) significantly increased total seedling dry mass in all treatments at all three harvests. Phosphorus limitation reduced seedling growth, and mycorrhizas increased seedling growth in seedlings limited by phosphorus supply. Generally, however, there were no interactions between CO sub(2), phosphorus supply and mycorrhizal status on dry mass of seedlings. Mycorrhizas probably did not affect the response of dry mass to elevated CO sub(2) because phosphorus limitation did not reduce response of dry mass to elevated CO sub(2). Phosphorus-limited seedlings responded to elevated CO sub(2) as a result of increased phosphorus uptake, resulting from increased total root dry mass, and increased phosphorus use efficiency. Although mycorrhizal colonization did not affect the response of biomass to elevated CO sub(2), it significantly reduced the response of needle area. As a result, specific leaf area (leaf area per unit plant biomass) was lower in mycorrhizal seedlings grown in elevated CO sub(2) than in mycorrhizal seedlings grown in ambient CO sub(2). Because there were no effects on relative growth rate or seedling dry mass, reductions in specific leaf area suggest that elevated CO sub(2) reduced the relative cost of the symbiosis. JF - New Phytologist AU - Lewis, J D AU - Strain, B R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 200 S.W. 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 431 EP - 443 VL - 133 IS - 3 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - carbon dioxide KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - atmospheric conditions KW - Pinus taeda KW - ectomycorrhizas KW - USA, Southeast KW - leaf area KW - growth KW - D 04635:Conifers KW - A 01044:General KW - K 03096:Mycorrhiza UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15778209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=The+role+of+mycorrhizas+in+the+response+of+Pinus+taeda+seedlings+to+elevated+CO+sub%282%29&rft.au=Lewis%2C+J+D%3BStrain%2C+B+R&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus taeda; USA, Southeast; ectomycorrhizas; atmospheric conditions; growth; leaf area ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative structure-activity relationships for the developmental toxicity of haloacetic acids in mammalian whole embryo culture. AN - 78517938; 8910981 AB - Developmental toxicity in mouse whole embryo culture assay has been reported for acetic acid (AA) and a series of ten haloacetic acids, including mono-, di-, tri-fluoro (MFA, DFA, TFA), chloro (MCA, DCA, TCA), bromo (MBA, DBA, TBA), and monoiodo (MIA) acetic acids. Benchmark concentrations (BCm), calculated as the lower 95% confidence limit of molar acid concentration producing a 5% increase in embryos with neural tube defects, provided potency estimates for development of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs). The best overall regression was obtained for the ten halo-acids (excluding AA) and related log (1/BCm) to the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (Elumo) and acid dissociation constant (pKa) with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.97, and a sample size-adjusted r2 = 0.92. This QSAR suggested a common basis for the mechanism of HA activity, which would imply additivity for mixtures of these acids. Examination of QSARs for subsets of the total data set (e.g., monohaloacids) highlighted parameter relationships embedded in the total QSAR, helping to unravel the separate contributions of Elumo and pKa to the overall potency. The relevance of these parameters is discussed in terms of postulated mechanisms of developmental toxicity involving changes in intercellular pH and redox metabolism. The whole embryo assay results pertain to direct embryo exposure and toxicity without the confounding influence of maternal factors. The resulting QSAR model offers possible insight into the mechanism of embryo toxicity that will hopefully contribute to understanding of the more complex, in vivo teratogenicity problem. JF - Teratology AU - Richard, A M AU - Hunter, E S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 352 EP - 360 VL - 53 IS - 6 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Acetates -- chemistry KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- chemistry KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Acetates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78517938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+structure-activity+relationships+for+the+developmental+toxicity+of+haloacetic+acids+in+mammalian+whole+embryo+culture.&rft.au=Richard%2C+A+M%3BHunter%2C+E+S&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-18 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the oral carcinogenicity of cadmium. AN - 78350936; 8812970 JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Collins, J F AU - Brown, J P AU - Painter, P R AU - Zeise, L A AU - Alexeeff, G V AU - Wade, M J AU - Siegel, D M AU - Wong, J J AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California, 94704, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 298 EP - 299 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Cadmium Poisoning KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Male KW - Risk Assessment KW - Cadmium -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Cadmium -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78350936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=On+the+oral+carcinogenicity+of+cadmium.&rft.au=Collins%2C+J+F%3BBrown%2C+J+P%3BPainter%2C+P+R%3BZeise%2C+L+A%3BAlexeeff%2C+G+V%3BWade%2C+M+J%3BSiegel%2C+D+M%3BWong%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone toxicity in the mouse: comparison and modeling of responses in susceptible and resistant strains. AN - 78322403; 8806922 AB - Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated a concentration-related hypothermia and increases in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid indexes of toxicity in the rat after exposure to environmentally relevant levels of ozone (O3). In similar studies with C57BL/6J (B6) and C3H/HeJ (C3) mice, other investigators have reported differential effects on BAL toxicity indexes between the two strains after O3 exposure. The present study investigated the relationship between the reported strain differences in BAL parameters in B6 and C3 mice exposed to O3 and the induced hypothermic response. Male 80-day-old mice (n = 94, 47/strain) were used for these studies. Subsets (n = 8/strain) of these animals were surgically implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that permitted continuous monitoring of core body temperature and activity. All telemetry animals and an equal number of nontelemetry animals (n = 8/strain) were exposed to filtered air for 24 h followed by a 2-h exposure to 2 parts/million 16O3. With use of a similar protocol, groups of nontelemetry mice (n = 12/strain) were exposed to either filtered air or 2 parts/million 16O3 for 2 h. At 0 or 22 h postexposure, mice were anesthetized with halothane and intubated, and their lungs were lavaged with 37 degrees C saline. Although both strains of mice exhibited significant abrupt decreases in core body temperature on exposure to O3 and both recovered rapidly after cessation of the O3 exposure, the response of the C3 mice was more dynamic than that of the B6 mice. Similarly, both strains showed characteristic changes in biomarkers of O3 toxicity; however, the increases in BAL fluid protein and cells at 22 h postexposure were significantly greater and the percentage of neutrophils was significantly less in B6 mice than in C3 mice. It is possible that the strain differences in BAL constituents may be related to the differences in the hypothermic response. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Highfill, J W AU - Slade, R AU - Hatch, G E AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 2134 EP - 2142 VL - 80 IS - 6 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Telemetry KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- physiology KW - Ozone -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78322403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Ozone+toxicity+in+the+mouse%3A+comparison+and+modeling+of+responses+in+susceptible+and+resistant+strains.&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W+P%3BHighfill%2C+J+W%3BSlade%2C+R%3BHatch%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A physiologically based toxicokinetic model for dermal absorption of organic chemicals by fish. AN - 78301835; 8789789 AB - A physiologically based toxicokinetic model was developed to describe dermal absorption of waterborne organic chemicals by fish. The skin was modeled as a discrete compartment into which compounds diffuse as a function of chemical permeability and the concentration gradient. The model includes a countercurrent description of chemical flux at fish gills and was used to simulate dermal-only exposures, during which the gills act as a route of elimination. The model was evaluated by exposing adult rainbow trout and channel catfish to hexachloroethane (HCE), pentachloroethane (PCE), and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TCE). Skin permeability coefficients were obtained by fitting model simulations to measured arterial blood data. Permeability coefficients increased with the number of chlorine substituent groups, but not in the manner expected from a directly proportional relationship between dermal permeability and skin:water chemical partitioning. An evaluation of rate limitations on dermal flux in both trout and catfish suggested that chemical absorption was limited more by diffusion across the skin than by blood flow to the skin. Modeling results from a hypothetical combined dermal and branchial exposure indicate that dermal uptake could contribute from 1.6% (TCE) to 3.5% (HCE) of initial uptake in trout. Dermal uptake rates in catfish are even higher than those in trout and could contribute from 7.1% (TCE) to 8.3% (PCE) of initial uptake in a combined exposure. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Nichols, J W AU - McKim, J M AU - Lien, G J AU - Hoffman, A D AU - Bertelsen, S L AU - Elonen, C M AD - Mid-Continent Ecology Division-Duluth, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 229 EP - 242 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - 0 KW - tetrachloroethane KW - 25322-20-7 KW - hexachloroethane KW - G30K3QQT4J KW - Ethane KW - L99N5N533T KW - pentachloroethane KW - QOJ9TH7LDL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Skin Absorption KW - Ethane -- analogs & derivatives KW - Ethane -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- pharmacokinetics KW - Ictaluridae -- metabolism KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78301835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+physiologically+based+toxicokinetic+model+for+dermal+absorption+of+organic+chemicals+by+fish.&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J+W%3BMcKim%2C+J+M%3BLien%2C+G+J%3BHoffman%2C+A+D%3BBertelsen%2C+S+L%3BElonen%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A pharmacokinetic model of anaerobic in vitro carbon tetrachloride metabolism. AN - 78135592; 8665616 AB - Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a potent hepatotoxic agent whose toxicity is mediated through cytochome P450-dependent metabolism. Results from anaerobic in vitro experiments with hepatic microsomes isolated from male F-344 rats indicate that chlorofom (CHCl3) formation from CCl4 is nonlinear with dose. Dose is traditionally expressed as the amount of CCl4 added to the vial. In this study, a pharmacokinetic model has been developed to calculate the concentration of CCl4 in the microsomal suspension. Hepatic microsomes prepared from fed and fasted animals were incubated with CCl4 under anaerobic conditions and formation of CHCl3 over a 5-min incubation period was monitored by headspace gas chromatography. Dose-response curves, based on total amount of CCl4 added to the microsomes, revealed a nonlinear, biphasic appearance of CHCl3, with fasting slightly increasing CHCl3 production in microsomes prepared from fasted rats. Microsomes were also pretreated with the CYP2E1 inhibitor, diallyl sulfone (DAS), before addition of CCl4. In uninhibited microsomes, there appeared to be a high-affinity saturable phase of metabolism occurring at lower concentrations followed by a linear phase at higher CCl4 concentrations. Following DAS pretreatment, the saturable portion of the dose-response curve was inhibited more than the linear phase with the biphasic CHCl3 production becoming more linear. DAS inhibition eliminated the effect of fasting on CHCl3 formation. The best fit kinetic constants for the saturable phase resulted in an estimate of V(max) of 0.017 mg/h/mg protein (V(maxc) = 7.61 mg/h/kg) and Km of 2.3 mg/l (15 microM). The linear phase rate constant (kf) was determined to be 0.046 h-1) (kfc = 0.03 h-1). In conclusion, a pharmacokinetic model has been developed for anaerobic in vitro metabolism of CCl4 to CHCl3 that estimates metabolic rates based on CHCl3 formation and actual CCl4 concentration in the microsomal suspension. JF - Chemico-biological interactions AU - Andersen, N J AU - Waller, C L AU - Adamovic, J B AU - Thompson, D J AU - Allis, J W AU - Andersen, M E AU - Simmons, J E AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch (MD-74), United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 13 EP - 31 VL - 101 IS - 1 SN - 0009-2797, 0009-2797 KW - Allyl Compounds KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Sulfones KW - diallyl sulfone KW - 16841-48-8 KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 KW - EC 1.14.13.- KW - Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating KW - EC 1.5.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Food KW - Allyl Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Fasting KW - Models, Biological KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Sulfones -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating -- metabolism KW - Anaerobiosis KW - Male KW - Chloroform -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78135592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.atitle=A+pharmacokinetic+model+of+anaerobic+in+vitro+carbon+tetrachloride+metabolism.&rft.au=Andersen%2C+N+J%3BWaller%2C+C+L%3BAdamovic%2C+J+B%3BThompson%2C+D+J%3BAllis%2C+J+W%3BAndersen%2C+M+E%3BSimmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.issn=00092797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-02 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased [3H]phorbol ester binding in rat cerebellar granule cells and inhibition of 45Ca2+ sequestration in rat cerebellum by polychlorinated diphenyl ether congeners and analogs: structure-activity relationships. AN - 78058329; 8658526 AB - Our previous reports indicate that ortho-substituted non-coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners perturbed neuronal Ca2+-homeostasis in vitro, altered agonist-stimulated inositol phosphate accumulation, and caused protein kinase C (PKC) translocation. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) with 24 PCB congeners was consistent with a chlorination pattern that favored non-coplanarity while those with chlorination that favored coplanarity were less active. To test the hypothesis that coplanarity (or lack thereof) is a significant factor in the activity of PCBs, studies with related classes of chemicals such as the polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs), in which coplanarity is more difficult to achieve regardless of degree and pattern of chlorination, were initiated. The selected PCDEs and their analogs are predicted to be active, since they are non-coplanar in nature. The effects of these chemicals were studied using the same measures for which PCBs had differential effects based on structural configuration. These measures include PKC translocation as determined by [3H]-phorbol ester ([3H]PDBu) binding in cerebellar granule cells and 45Ca2+ sequestration as determined by 45Ca2+ uptake by microsomes and mitochondria isolated from adult rat cerebellum. All the PCDE congeners studied, increased [3H]PDBu binding in a concentration-dependent manner. The order of potency was 2,4,4'-trichlorodiphenyl ether > 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl ether > diphenyl ether, 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorodiphenyl ether and, 2,2',4,4',5- and 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorodiphenyl ethers. The structurally related diphenyl ether nitrofen and diphenyl ethanes o,p'-1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis[p-chlorophenyl]ethane (DDT) and p,p'-DDT increased [3H]PDBu binding to a similar extent (28-35% stimulation at 100 microM). All PCDE congeners and their analogs inhibited 45Ca2+ sequestration by microsomes and mitochondria. Of all the chemicals, unchlorinated diphenyl ether was the least active. These results are in agreement with previous SAR findings in which non-coplanar PCBs are active and support our hypothesis that the extent of coplanarity determined by a pattern of chlorination on certain aromatic hydrocarbons can weaken their potency in vitro, although the extent of chlorination is also important. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Ward, T R AU - McKinney, J D AU - Waller, C L AU - Tilson, H A AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 251 EP - 261 VL - 138 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Ethers KW - 0 KW - 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorodiphenyl ether KW - 119036-18-9 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Models, Molecular KW - Microsomes -- metabolism KW - Mitochondria -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Pregnancy KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Ethers -- chemistry KW - Ethers -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Ethers -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Cytoplasmic Granules -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78058329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Increased+%5B3H%5Dphorbol+ester+binding+in+rat+cerebellar+granule+cells+and+inhibition+of+45Ca2%2B+sequestration+in+rat+cerebellum+by+polychlorinated+diphenyl+ether+congeners+and+analogs%3A+structure-activity+relationships.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D%3BWaller%2C+C+L%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Screening-level approach for estimating contaminant export from tributaries AN - 52813209; 1996-061141 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Velleux, Mark AU - Gailani, Joseph AU - Endicott, Doug Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 503 EP - 514 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 122 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - Buffalo River KW - agricultural waste KW - PCBs KW - data processing KW - suspended materials KW - chemical waste KW - simulation KW - Lake Michigan KW - transport KW - mass balance KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - depositional environment KW - Wisconsin KW - discharge KW - soils KW - granulometry KW - North America KW - sediment transport KW - Lake Erie KW - Fox River KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Oswego River KW - mathematical models KW - models KW - computer programs KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - detection KW - Lake Winnebago KW - industrial waste KW - waste disposal KW - tailings KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52813209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Screening-level+approach+for+estimating+contaminant+export+from+tributaries&rft.au=Velleux%2C+Mark%3BGailani%2C+Joseph%3BEndicott%2C+Doug&rft.aulast=Velleux&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agricultural waste; Buffalo River; case studies; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; computer programs; data processing; depositional environment; detection; discharge; Fox River; granulometry; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; industrial waste; Lake Erie; Lake Michigan; Lake Winnebago; mass balance; mathematical models; models; New York; North America; organic compounds; Oswego River; PCBs; point sources; pollutants; pollution; sediment transport; simulation; soils; surface water; suspended materials; tailings; transport; United States; waste disposal; water quality; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The correlation analysis method applied to data analysis of pump tests AN - 52146381; 2002-013159 AB - The paper presents that the correlation analysis method has been applied to the data analysis on the pumping-out test for different exploration. The method is rather simple in practical application and gives better results. JF - Heilongjiang Dizhi = Heilongjiang Geology AU - Zhang, Huanzhi AU - Lu, Wanbin Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 26 EP - 35 PB - Heilongjiang Sheng Dizhi Kuangchanju, Ha'erbin VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1002-2325, 1002-2325 KW - pump tests KW - numerical analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pumping KW - data processing KW - mathematical models KW - ground water KW - correlation coefficient KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52146381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Heilongjiang+Dizhi+%3D+Heilongjiang+Geology&rft.atitle=The+correlation+analysis+method+applied+to+data+analysis+of+pump+tests&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Huanzhi%3BLu%2C+Wanbin&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Huanzhi&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Heilongjiang+Dizhi+%3D+Heilongjiang+Geology&rft.issn=10022325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - correlation coefficient; data processing; ground water; mathematical models; numerical analysis; pump tests; pumping; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a lumped, nonlinear kinetics model to metal sorption on humic substances AN - 50331673; 1996-061099 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Yu, Y Shane AU - Bailey, George W AU - Jin, Xianchan Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 552 EP - 561 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - sorption KW - cobalt KW - copper KW - landfills KW - lead KW - humic acids KW - ions KW - ground water KW - transport KW - cadmium KW - mobility KW - kinetics KW - chromium KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - lithium KW - silver KW - physicochemical properties KW - alkali metals KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - Laplace transformations KW - aquifers KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50331673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+lumped%2C+nonlinear+kinetics+model+to+metal+sorption+on+humic+substances&rft.au=Yu%2C+Y+Shane%3BBailey%2C+George+W%3BJin%2C+Xianchan&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aquifers; cadmium; chromium; cobalt; copper; ground water; humic acids; humic substances; ions; kinetics; landfills; Laplace transformations; lead; lithium; mathematical models; metals; mobility; models; organic acids; organic compounds; organic materials; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; prediction; silver; soils; sorption; toxic materials; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The risk of sea level rise; a delphic Monte Carlo analysis in which twenty researchers specify subjective probability distributions for model coefficients within their respective areas of expertise AN - 50120684; 2010-001879 AB - This paper estimates the probability distribution of future sea level rise implied by the subjective assessments of 20 climate and glacial process modelers regarding particular processes on which they have developed some expertise. Effects on the polar ice sheets are included. The results from combining all the models and reviewer assumptions are summarized and a procedure for projecting sea level at particular locations is presented. (Auth. mod.) JF - Climatic Change AU - Titus, James G AU - Narayanan, Vijay AU - Keith, David W Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 151 EP - 212 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - expert systems KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Holocene KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - Cenozoic KW - Greenland KW - melting KW - probability KW - climate KW - polar regions KW - Quaternary KW - Arctic region KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - decision-making KW - ice sheets KW - models KW - sea-level changes KW - Antarctica KW - risk assessment KW - glacial geology KW - upper Holocene KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50120684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+risk+of+sea+level+rise%3B+a+delphic+Monte+Carlo+analysis+in+which+twenty+researchers+specify+subjective+probability+distributions+for+model+coefficients+within+their+respective+areas+of+expertise&rft.au=Titus%2C+James+G%3BNarayanan%2C+Vijay%3BKeith%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Titus&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from the Antarctic Bibliography, United States N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctica; Arctic region; atmospheric precipitation; Cenozoic; climate; climate change; decision-making; environmental effects; expert systems; glacial geology; Greenland; Holocene; ice sheets; melting; models; Monte Carlo analysis; polar regions; prediction; probability; Quaternary; risk assessment; sea-level changes; statistical analysis; temperature; upper Holocene ER - TY - CONF T1 - Mitigation potential of carbon dioxide emissions by management of forests in Asia AN - 16514276; 4416762 AB - Substantial areas of available forest lands in Asia could be managed for conservation and sequestration of carbon (C). These include 133 Mha for establishment of plantations and agroforests, 33.5 Mha for slowed tropical deforestation, and 48 Mha for natural and assisted regeneration of tropical forests. The potential quantity of C conserved and sequestered on these lands was conservatively estimated to be 24 Pg C (1 Pg = 10 super(15) g) by 2050. Establishment of plantations and agroforests could account for 58% of the total mitigation potential on Asian forest lands. The amount of C that could be conserved and sequestered by all forest sector practices by 2050 under baseline conditions is equivalent to about 4% of the global fossil fuel emissions over the same time period. The uncertainties in estimates of mitigation potential presented in this paper are likely to be high, particularly with respect to the land area available for forestation projects and the rate at which deforestation could be slowed. The uncertainty terms are compounded in making global estimates of the mitigation potential, perhaps to large proportions, but to what extent is presently unknown. An example of a forestry project in China whose main goal was to rehabilitate degraded lands and at the same time provide biomass fuel for the local rural inhabitants is presented to demonstrate that C sequestration, and thus mitigation, is an added benefit to more traditional uses of forests. This forestry project is currently mitigating CO sub(2) emissions (up to about 1.4 Mg C ha super(-1) yr super(-1)) and, with a change in management, an almost two-fold increase in the current reduction of net C emissions would occur. JF - AMBIO AU - Brown, S Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 273 EP - 278 VL - 25 IS - 4 KW - China KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16514276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AMBIO&rft.atitle=Mitigation+potential+of+carbon+dioxide+emissions+by+management+of+forests+in+Asia&rft.au=Brown%2C+S&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AMBIO&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing water quality: New directions AN - 15780488; 3988727 AB - Two major new activities will help the public and water managers understand water quality and set management priorities. The first is implementation of a nationwide strategy to improve water quality monitoring. The strategy was developed by the Intergovernmental Task Force on Monitoring Water Quality (ITFM), a Federal/State consortium with an advisory committee of local and private experts. The strategy addresses nationwide monitoring design and collaboration, watershed and ecosystem components, environmental indicators, comparable monitoring methods, quality assurance and control, assessment and reporting, and specific monitoring tools. The other activity is the first national water environmental indicators report that characterizes the nation's waters and how well we are meeting the goals of the Clean Water Act. The indicators measure how well the nation is doing to achieve goals of public and ecosystem health, attainment of water uses such as fishing and swimming, improvement of ambient conditions, and prevention or reduction of pollutant loadings and other stressors. Two of the indicators concerns shellfish consumption and the condition of shellfish beds. The indicators will depend upon and employ a wide range of data providers and users such as the shellfish management industry. JF - Journal of Shellfish Research AU - Fellows, E AD - EPA Office Water, 4503F, 401 M St., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 523 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0077-5711, 0077-5711 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - water quality KW - USA KW - shellfish fisheries KW - pollution monitoring KW - recreational waters KW - seafood KW - Brackish KW - public health KW - Q1 08601:General KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15780488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.atitle=Assessing+water+quality%3A+New+directions&rft.au=Fellows%2C+E&rft.aulast=Fellows&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.issn=00775711&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; pollution monitoring; shellfish fisheries; recreational waters; seafood; public health; USA; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adaptation to ozone in rats and its association with ascorbic acid in the lung. AN - 78605288; 8998953 AB - Ozone (O3) adaptation is a well-known, but poorly understood phenomenon that has been demonstrated in humans and laboratory animals. This study examined pulmonary function and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) parameters in O3-adapted F-344 rats to explore possible mechanisms of adaptation. Of particular interest was ascorbic acid (AA), an antioxidant reported to be protective against O3 injury and found to be increased in O3-adapted rats. Adaptation was induced by exposure to 0.25 ppm O3, 12 hr/day for 6 or 14 weeks and evaluated with a challenge test, one that reexposed rats to 1.0 ppm O3 and measured attenuation in the O3 effect on frequency of breathing. Pulmonary function was assessed 1 day postexposure and adaptation and BALF were evaluated 1, 3, and 7 days postexposure. Results showed that forced vital capacity increased over time but decreased due to exposure and that the 14-week, O3-exposed rats had an increase in forced expiratory flow rate. All of the O3-exposed rats that were tested demonstrated adaptation on Postexposure Days 1, 3, and 7, but it was diminished on Day 7. Adaptation was also more pronounced in rats exposed for 14 weeks. Except for AA, BALF levels of total protein, potassium, lysozyme, uric acid, and alpha-tocopherol were unaffected by O3 exposure. Lactic acid dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and total glutathione were also assayed but were always below detectable limits. Ascorbic acid concentrations were elevated on Days 1, 3, and 7, showing postexposure patterns similar to those found for adaptation. Significant correlation was found between AA concentration and the magnitude of adaptation (r = 0.91, p < 0.002). We conclude that AA may play an important role in mechanisms associated with O3 adaptation in rats. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Wiester, M J AU - Tepper, J S AU - Winsett, D W AU - Crissman, K M AU - Richards, J H AU - Costa, D L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 56 EP - 64 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Oxidants, Photochemical KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Ascorbic Acid KW - PQ6CK8PD0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Antioxidants -- metabolism KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Male KW - Oxidants, Photochemical -- toxicity KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Ascorbic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Lung -- physiology KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78605288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Adaptation+to+ozone+in+rats+and+its+association+with+ascorbic+acid+in+the+lung.&rft.au=Wiester%2C+M+J%3BTepper%2C+J+S%3BWinsett%2C+D+W%3BCrissman%2C+K+M%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Wiester&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of genetic toxicology data in U.S. EPA risk assessment: the mercury study report as an example. AN - 78285825; 8781402 AB - Assessment of human health risks of environmental agents has often been limited to consideration of the potential for the agent to cause cancer or general systemic toxicity after long-term exposure. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) is increasingly moving toward the development of integrated assessments, which consider all potential health end points including developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive effects, and germ cell mutagenicity. The U.S. EPA has a responsibility to assess risks to nonhuman species or ecosystems when appropriate data are available. An example of a recent integrated human health and ecological risk assessment can be found in the U.S. EPA Mercury Study Report to Congress. This report covers the following topics in separate volumes: an inventory of anthropogenic mercury emissions in the United States; an exposure assessment using measured and predicted values and including indirect dietary exposure; an evaluation of human health risks; an assessment of ecologic risk wherein water criteria are presented for several wildlife species; an overall integrated characterization of human and nonhuman risk; and a discussion of risk management considerations. In the evaluation of human health risk, genetic toxicology data were considered for three forms of mercury: elemental, inorganic (divalent), and methylmercury. These data were used in judgments of two types of potential health effects (carcinogenicity and germ cell mutagenicity). In assessment of potential carcinogenicity of inorganic and methylmercury, genetic toxicity data were key. Data for clastogenicity in the absence of mutagenicity supported the characterization of inorganic and methylmercury as materials that produce carcinogenic effects only at high, toxic doses. The evidence for clastogenicity, coupled with information on metabolism and distribution, resulted in a judgment of a moderate degree of concern (or weight of evidence) that inorganic mercury can act as a human germ cell mutagen. For methylmercury, the degree of concern for germ cell mutagenicity is high. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Schoeny, R AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment-Cincinnati, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ohio 45268, USA. schoeny.rita@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 663 EP - 673 VL - 104 Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Mutagens -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Germ-Line Mutation KW - Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Male KW - Female KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Mercury -- adverse effects KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78285825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Use+of+genetic+toxicology+data+in+U.S.+EPA+risk+assessment%3A+the+mercury+study+report+as+an+example.&rft.au=Schoeny%2C+R&rft.aulast=Schoeny&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Food Chem Toxicol. 1991 Nov;29(11):777-9 [1761258] Carcinogenesis. 1982;3(6):657-62 [7116559] Mutat Res. 1992 Apr;281(4):255-60 [1373219] Arch Environ Health. 1970 Aug;21(2):133-9 [5464308] Mutat Res. 1972 Nov;16(3):332-6 [5078138] Mutat Res. 1973 Jan;17(1):93-9 [4682605] Biochem Pharmacol. 1975 Feb 15;24(4):489-93 [1167459] J Nutr. 1975 Apr;105(4):452-8 [1113210] Mutat Res. 1975 Dec;30(3):365-74 [1238902] Toxicology. 1976 Mar;5(3):337-49 [1265772] Toxicology. 1976 Jun;6(1):107-23 [941159] Environ Res. 1976 Dec;12(3):306-16 [1001301] Hereditas. 1979;90(1):103-9 [422393] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1979 Feb;21(3):296-303 [444719] Mutat Res. 1979 Jul;67(3):221-9 [481448] Arch Environ Health. 1979 Nov-Dec;34(6):461-3 [518128] Mutat Res. 1980 Mar;75(2):191-202 [7366601] Mutat Res. 1980 Feb;77(2):109-16 [6769036] J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1980 Jun-Jul;3(5-6):437-47 [7441095] Environ Mutagen. 1979;1(3):259-68 [553805] Cancer Lett. 1981 May;12(4):305-10 [7306934] Mutat Res. 1982 Apr;104(1-3):141-5 [7078567] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1982 Mar;9(3):367-76 [7097791] Teratology. 1982 Jun;25(3):381-4 [6214038] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1982 Jun 15;64(1):108-17 [7112574] Mutat Res. 1982 Sep;102(2):183-92 [6216401] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1982 Sep 30;108(2):614-9 [7150310] Environ Health Perspect. 1983 Jan;47:239-53 [6337826] Mol Pharmacol. 1983 Jul;24(1):84-9 [6223207] Environ Mutagen. 1983;5(5):679-86 [6617598] Mutat Res. 1983 Nov;124(2):163-73 [6646156] Environ Mutagen. 1984;6(1):59-69 [6229401] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1984;53(3):257-60 [6706421] Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1983 Dec;45(6):747-57 [6672406] Mutat Res. 1984 Mar-Apr;131(3-4):173-81 [6717471] Chem Biol Interact. 1984 Apr;49(1-2):209-24 [6233017] Biochem Pharmacol. 1984 May 15;33(10):1661-70 [6233980] Toxicol Lett. 1984 Jun;21(3):247-53 [6234683] Can J Comp Med. 1984 Jul;48(3):299-302 [6478300] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1984;54(2):135-46 [6480121] Mol Pharmacol. 1984 Sep;26(2):360-8 [6090887] Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1984 Aug;46(4):549-57 [6238193] J Occup Med. 1984 Nov;26(11):817-21 [6502285] Mutat Res. 1985 Jan-Feb;155(1-2):49-51 [3881664] Environ Res. 1985 Apr;36(2):379-88 [3884331] Mutat Res. 1994 Jan;320(1-2):23-9 [7506384] J Epidemiol Community Health. 1985 Sep;39(3):244-50 [4045367] Sci Total Environ. 1986 Jan;48(1-2):81-94 [3945798] Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1986 Mar 8;292(6521):662 [3081218] Mol Pharmacol. 1986 Feb;29(2):173-8 [3951430] Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1986 Feb;48(1):127-35 [3959366] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1986;18(4):595-605 [3735459] Mol Pharmacol. 1987 Feb;31(2):200-7 [3027530] Arch Neurol. 1987 Oct;44(10):1017-22 [2443112] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1988 Apr;40(4):597-603 [3285919] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1989 Jan;12(1):23-33 [2925016] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1989 May;12(4):629-97 [2663577] Toxicol Pathol. 1989;17(2):266-93 [2675279] Toxicol Pathol. 1989;17(2):294-306 [2675280] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1990 Jan;14(1):179-90 [2307316] Br J Ind Med. 1990 Feb;47(2):99-104 [2310721] Arch Environ Health. 1991 Mar-Apr;46(2):82-9 [2006898] Toxicol Lett. 1991 Apr;56(1-2):179-86 [2017776] Mutagenesis. 1991 May;6(3):189-92 [1881349] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1991 Aug;17(4):263-8 [1925438] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of pregnancy outcome following thiram-induced ovulatory delay in the female rat. AN - 78250957; 8725639 AB - A single injection of the dithiocarbamate fungicide, thiram, suppresses the proestrous surge of LH and delays ovulation for 24 h. In this study, we examined fertility after a thiram-induced delayed ovulation. Females were injected with thiram (50 mg/kg, IP) on proestrus (1300 h) and mated on the following evening. Control and thiram-treated, but nondelayed, females were injected and mated on the same day. The number of females in the thiram-delayed group that became pregnant was reduced and litter size on GD 20 was reduced: however, no obvious morphological anomalies were seen. The number of pregnant females and litter size was not altered in the thiram-nondelayed rats, indicating that it is the thiram-induced delay in ovulation and not the exposure to thiram per se that was responsible for altered pregnancy outcome. On GD 7 and 11, the number of live fetuses per litter was reduced in the delayed females, but the number of implantation sites was not different from controls. On GD 11 the mean developmental score, head length, crown-rump length, and somite number in the delayed group were also reduced, indicating retarded development of live embryos. These results demonstrate that delayed ovulation induced by a single thiram exposure does not alter the number of oocytes released or the number that implant. However, the concept from these females are compromised during midgestation. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Stoker, T E AU - Cooper, R L AU - Goldman, J M AU - Andrews, J E AD - Endocrinology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 277 EP - 282 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Antifungal Agents KW - 0 KW - Thiram KW - 0D771IS0FH KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Antifungal Agents -- toxicity KW - Fetal Resorption -- chemically induced KW - Thiram -- toxicity KW - Estrus -- drug effects KW - Fertility -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78250957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+pregnancy+outcome+following+thiram-induced+ovulatory+delay+in+the+female+rat.&rft.au=Stoker%2C+T+E%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BGoldman%2C+J+M%3BAndrews%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Stoker&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comments on "developmental neurotoxicity of PCBs in humans: what do we know and where do we go from here"? AN - 78248524; 8725633 JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Gray, L E AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Reproductive Toxicology Division, NHEERL, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 243 EP - 5; discussion 271-6 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - North Carolina KW - Adult KW - Child KW - Michigan KW - Japan KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Developmental Disabilities -- etiology KW - Child Development -- drug effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78248524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Comments+on+%22developmental+neurotoxicity+of+PCBs+in+humans%3A+what+do+we+know+and+where+do+we+go+from+here%22%3F&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the effects of N-hydroxy-IDPN on the auditory, vestibular, and olfactory systems in rats. AN - 78248261; 8725642 AB - The mechanism of neurotoxicity of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) has been widely debated, with either the parent compound or putative metabolites implicated in various studies. The N-hydroxylated form of IDPN (HO-IDPN) has been reported to cause the excitation with choreiform and circling (ECC) syndrome in rats at doses approximately one-eighth of that required to cause comparable signs in rats treated with IDPN. Because of the similarity of symptoms induced by HO-IDPN and IDPN, we investigated the effect of HO-IDPN on other aspects of the nervous system affected by IDPN, specifically the auditory, vestibular, and olfactory systems. In addition, ECC symptoms were quantified to replicate the previous findings. HO-IDPN was administered ip in saline for 3 consecutive days to two different cohorts of young adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. The first cohort (60, 80, 100, and 120 mg/kg; n = 2/group, except for the 120 mg/kg group, where n = 1) was used in a dose range-finding study. After making the neurobehavioral assessments, animals were sacrificed for olfactory mucosal histopathology. Based on the outcome of the first study, the second cohort (n = 10/group) received saline or HO-IDPN at 100 mg/kg/day for 3 consecutive days. Two animals from each of these groups were sacrificed for olfactory mucosal histopathology; the remaining animals were tested for neurobehavioral effects 3 weeks after the last dose. Animals in the second cohort lost approximately 8% of their pretreatment body weight. All rats receiving the 100 mg/kg/day dose of HO-IDPN (and the rat receiving 120 mg/kg/day) developed the ECC syndrome and signs of vestibular dysfunction within 4 days after the last dose. HO-IDPN caused a large decrease in the acoustic startle response and markedly elevated auditory thresholds at all frequencies tested. The threshold for the ECC syndrome and olfactory mucosal damage was 100 mg/kg. These studies extend previous findings on the neurotoxicity of HO-IDPN and point to the need for determining whether HO-IDPN is an in vivo metabolite of IDPN. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Crofton, K M AU - Zhao, X AU - Sayre, L M AU - Genter, M B AD - Neurotoxicology Division, NHEERL, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 297 EP - 303 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Nitriles KW - N-hydroxy-3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - 108203-25-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Male KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Auditory Threshold -- drug effects KW - Olfactory Mucosa -- pathology KW - Nitriles -- toxicity KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Olfactory Mucosa -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78248261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+effects+of+N-hydroxy-IDPN+on+the+auditory%2C+vestibular%2C+and+olfactory+systems+in+rats.&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BZhao%2C+X%3BSayre%2C+L+M%3BGenter%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Helping schoolchildren with asthma breathe easier: partnerships in community-based environmental health education. AN - 78236177; 8743428 AB - Hospitalizations and deaths attributed to asthma are increasing, and the disease has disproportionate impacts on children and minority populations, particularly African-Americans. Because asthma hospitalizations and deaths are viewed by many experts as preventable events, and because asthma's toll is so significant in economic terms, increased efforts to reverse these trends, particularly among the most affected groups, are warranted. Reducing exposures to airborne pollutants known to trigger asthma in both indoor and outdoor environments is one important preventive strategy. The public-private partnership effort to implement the Open Airways for Schools asthma management curriculum in urban elementary schools, with its emphasis on pollution prevention, is an example of a community-based effort that may help decrease the toll asthma takes on society. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - O'Neill, M S AD - Indoor Environments Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 464 EP - 466 VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - African Americans KW - Child KW - Asthma -- ethnology KW - Asthma -- prevention & control KW - Health Education -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78236177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Helping+schoolchildren+with+asthma+breathe+easier%3A+partnerships+in+community-based+environmental+health+education.&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+M+S&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-19 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Health Educ Q. 1987 Fall;14(3):267-79 [3654234] Toxicol Ind Health. 1993 Sep-Oct;9(5):843-78 [8184446] Annu Rev Public Health. 1993;14:491-513 [8323600] N Engl J Med. 1992 Mar 26;326(13):862-6 [1542323] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone toxicity in the rat. II. Modeling changes due to ambient temperatures and duration. AN - 78207245; 8727571 AB - Previous studies involving exposures to xenobiotic agents have demonstrated decreases in physiological parameters such as heart rate (HR) and core body temperature (Tco) and have shown that these toxic responses are modulated by changes in ambient temperature (Ta). We recently published the results of a study in which male Fischer 344 rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that permitted continuous monitoring of HR, Tco, and motor activity. These animals were divided into nine treatment groups (n = 4-5/group) composed of combinations of one of three O3-exposure regimens [0.0 parts/million (ppm) O3 x 24 h/day x 5 days; 0.5 ppm O3 x 6 h/day x 5 days; or 0.5 ppm O3 x 23 h/day x 5 days] at one of three Ta values (10,22, or 34 degrees C). We now report on statistical approaches for the modeling and analyses of these data. The models utilized were dependent on the treatment combinations. Circadian rhythms of Tco during air control periods were fit by cosine models. Overall effects of O3 in the 6- and 23-h exposure groups were best modeled by modified damped-sine and one-compartment models, respectively, for both HR and Tco. These results demonstrate improved methods for the evaluation of biorhythmicity. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Highfill, J W AU - Watkinson, W P AD - Biostatistics Branch, Environmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 1811 EP - 1818 VL - 80 IS - 5 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Circadian Rhythm -- physiology KW - Models, Biological KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78207245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Ozone+toxicity+in+the+rat.+II.+Modeling+changes+due+to+ambient+temperatures+and+duration.&rft.au=Highfill%2C+J+W%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Highfill&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1811&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spermatid micronucleus analysis of aging effects in hamsters. AN - 78099875; 8649459 AB - Spermatid micronuclei (MN) from Armenian hamsters in different age groups were compared with regard to frequencies and kinetochore status (presence or absence) as determined with immunofluorescent staining. Six thousand cells analyzed from each of fifteen young animals (3 months) revealed a group mean frequency of 0.45 MN/1000 spermatids; kinetochore staining was uniformly negative. Six thousand cells scored from each of fifteen older animals (2 years) revealed a group mean frequency of 1.00 MN/1000 spermatids. Most of the MN in these animals were negative for kinetochore staining, although a significant representation of MN with positive kinetochore staining was also observed. The results indicate that frequencies of spermatid MN increase with advancing age, and suggest that the increase is due to significant elevations in both chromosome breakage and chromosome loss. JF - Mutation research AU - Allen, J W AU - Collins, B W AU - Setzer, R W AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 261 EP - 266 VL - 316 IS - 5-6 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Kinetochores KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Spermatids -- ultrastructure KW - Aging -- genetics KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78099875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Spermatid+micronucleus+analysis+of+aging+effects+in+hamsters.&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+W%3BCollins%2C+B+W%3BSetzer%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=316&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of recirculating, static, and elutriate aquatic sediment bioassay procedures. AN - 78086053; 8661857 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Cairns, M A AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 742 EP - 749 VL - 56 IS - 5 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Filtration KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Fresh Water KW - Reference Standards KW - Daphnia KW - Biological Assay -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78086053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+recirculating%2C+static%2C+and+elutriate+aquatic+sediment+bioassay+procedures.&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BCairns%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=742&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-dependent changes of inflammatory mediators in the lungs of humans exposed to 0.4 ppm ozone for 2 hr: a comparison of mediators found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1 and 18 hr after exposure. AN - 78041630; 8658507 AB - Acute exposure of humans to ozone results in reversible respiratory function decrements and cellular and biochemical changes leading to the production of substances which can mediate inflammation and acute lung injury. While pulmonary function decrements occur almost immediately after ozone exposure, it is not known how quickly the cellular and biochemical changes indicative of inflammation occur in humans. Increased bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid levels of neutrophils (PMNs) and prostaglandins (PGE2) have been reported in humans as early as 3 hr and as late as 18 hr after exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a broad range of inflammatory mediators are elevated in BAl fluid within 1 hr of exposure. We exposed eight healthy volunteers twice: once to 0.4 ppm ozone and once to filtered air. Each exposure lasted for 2 hr during which the subjects underwent intermittent heavy exercise (66 liters/min). BAL was performed 1 hr after the exposure. Ozone induced rapid increases in PMNs, total protein, LDH, alpha-1 antitrypsin, fibronectin, PGE2, thromboxane B2, C3a, tissue factor, and clotting factor VII. In addition, there was a decrease in the recovery of total cells and alveolar macrophages, and decreased ability of alveolar macrophages to phagocytize Candida albicans. A comparison of these changes with changes observed in an earlier study in which subjects underwent BAL 18 hr after an identical exposure regimen indicates that IL-6 and PGE2 levels were higher 1 hr after exposure than 18 hr after exposure, fibronectin and tissue-plasminogen activator levels were higher 18 hr after exposure, and that PMNs, protein, and C3a were present at essentially the same levels at both times. These results indicate that (i) several inflammatory mediators are already elevated 1 hr after exposure; (ii) some mediators achieve their maximal levels in BAL fluid at different times following exposure. These data suggest that the inflammatory response is complex, depending on a cascade of timed events, and that depending on the mediator of interest one must choose an appropriate sampling time. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Devlin, R B AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Becker, S AU - Madden, M C AU - McGee, M P AU - Perez, R AU - Hatch, G AU - House, D E AU - Koren, H S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 176 EP - 185 VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Blood Coagulation Factors KW - 0 KW - Eicosanoids KW - Fibronectins KW - Inflammation Mediators KW - Interleukins KW - Proteins KW - alpha 1-Antitrypsin KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.27 KW - Index Medicus KW - alpha 1-Antitrypsin -- analysis KW - Humans KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase -- analysis KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- physiology KW - Fibronectins -- analysis KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Adult KW - Proteins -- analysis KW - Blood Coagulation Factors -- analysis KW - Phagocytosis -- drug effects KW - Eicosanoids -- analysis KW - Adolescent KW - Interleukins -- analysis KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- chemistry KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- physiopathology KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Ozone -- toxicity KW - Inflammation Mediators -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78041630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Time-dependent+changes+of+inflammatory+mediators+in+the+lungs+of+humans+exposed+to+0.4+ppm+ozone+for+2+hr%3A+a+comparison+of+mediators+found+in+bronchoalveolar+lavage+fluid+1+and+18+hr+after+exposure.&rft.au=Devlin%2C+R+B%3BMcDonnell%2C+W+F%3BBecker%2C+S%3BMadden%2C+M+C%3BMcGee%2C+M+P%3BPerez%2C+R%3BHatch%2C+G%3BHouse%2C+D+E%3BKoren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Devlin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of t(14;18) in the lymphocytes of healthy adult humans as a possible biomarker for environmental exposures to carcinogens. AN - 78038366; 8640906 AB - A t(14;18) chromosomal translocation is found in approximately 85% of follicular lymphomas by both cytogenetic and molecular analyses. This rearrangement deregulates expression of the bcl-2 proto-oncogene by translocation into the immuno-globulin heavy chain locus and is probably mediated by illegitimate V(D)J recombination. We have developed a quantitative nested PCR method for detecting this event in lymphocytes of healthy individuals. Genomic DNA is purified from peripheral blood lymphocytes, and 2.5 microg (representing 4 X 10(5) cells) are amplified with translocation-specific primers under conditions in which a single copy, if present, will give a detectable PCR product. Multiple replicates are analyzed for each individual, and Poisson statistics are then used to estimate the translocation mutant frequency. We have examined lymphocyte DNA from 34 healthy individuals by this assay and found the frequency of cells with t(14;18) to range from <0.8-96X10(-7). The molecular nature of the translocations has been investigated by determining the DNA sequence at the translocation junctions. In several individuals, multiple isolates of the same translocation event were recovered, indicating that the cell with the original translocation had undergone clonal expansion. In addition, multiple independent translocations were shown to occur within an individual. Since this translocation appears to be one step in the progression of a normal cell to a cancer cell, this assay may have utility as an effects biomarker for environmental carcinogen exposure. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Fuscoe, J C AU - Setzer, R W AU - Collard, D D AU - Moore, M M AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 1013 EP - 1020 VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Base Sequence KW - Adult KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- etiology KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Middle Aged KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Female KW - Male KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 KW - Lymphocytes -- ultrastructure KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- toxicity KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 KW - Translocation, Genetic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78038366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Quantification+of+t%2814%3B18%29+in+the+lymphocytes+of+healthy+adult+humans+as+a+possible+biomarker+for+environmental+exposures+to+carcinogens.&rft.au=Fuscoe%2C+J+C%3BSetzer%2C+R+W%3BCollard%2C+D+D%3BMoore%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Fuscoe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative potencies of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls derived from hepatic porphyrin accumulation in mice. AN - 78034584; 8658519 AB - Hepatic porphyrin accumulation was studied after subchronic dosing of female B6C3F1 mice by gavage with single congeners of polychlorinated or polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs, PBDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Quantitative hepatic porphyrin profile analyses in selected samples showed uroporphyrin and heptacarboxylporphyrin as the main porphyrins detected. Dose-dependent increases in total hepatic porphyrins were found for all congeners tested. At lower dose levels, relative potencies, based on administered dose as well as target tissue dose, of PCDDs, PCDFs, and coplanar PCBs, using 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin as a reference compound, were in the same range as those previously derived from the induction of hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 enzyme activities. CYP1A2 has been reported to be involved in the oxidation of uroporphyringen III to uroporphyrin III. All these facts suggest the involvement of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor-medicated mechanism in hepatic porphyrin accumulation, possibly via CYP1A2. However, the relative potencies of the mono-ortho-substituted PCBs were higher for hepatic porphyrin accumulation than for hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 induction. In addition, hepatic porphyrin accumulation was the highest after exposure to mono-ortho-PCBs. Since mono-ortho- substituted PCBs induce the phenobarbital-inducible CYP2B isoforms of cytochrome P450, an additional induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase may also contribute to hepatic porphyrin accumulation following subchronic exposure to these particular congeners. Relative potencies derived from hepatic porphyrin accumulation after PCDD, PCDF, or coplanar PCB administration are a useful tool in risk assessment. However, the higher potencies of the mono-ortho-substituted PCBs have important implications for risk assessment of these compounds. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - van Birgelen, A P AU - DeVito, M J AU - Akins, J M AU - Ross, D G AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and EnvironmentalResearch Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. birgelen@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 98 EP - 109 VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Porphyrins KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Uroporphyrins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Uroporphyrins -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- physiology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Porphyrins -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Benzofurans -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78034584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Relative+potencies+of+polychlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxins%2C+dibenzofurans%2C+and+biphenyls+derived+from+hepatic+porphyrin+accumulation+in+mice.&rft.au=van+Birgelen%2C+A+P%3BDeVito%2C+M+J%3BAkins%2C+J+M%3BRoss%2C+D+G%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=van+Birgelen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Promotion of endometriosis by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in rats and mice: time-dose dependence and species comparison. AN - 78031514; 8658502 AB - In the disease of endometriosis, endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus, usually in the peritoneal cavity. Rodent models of endometriosis allow a way to reproduce the disease, evaluate effects of chemicals, and study mechanisms. Twenty-one days prior to induction surgery which produces endometriosis, female Sprague-Dawley rats and B6C3F1 mice were pretreated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) at 0, 3 or 10 micrograms TCDD/kg. Animals were treated again at the time of surgery and at 3, 6, and 9 weeks following surgery. Evaluations were made at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks postsurgery. TCDD produced a dose-dependent increase in endometriotic site diameter when all time points were pooled within each dose in rats and a dramatic increase in site diameter in mice at 9 and 12 weeks. In rats but not mice, ovarian weight was decreased at 9 and 12 weeks, the occurrence of persistent vaginal estrus was increased at these times, and histological evaluation of the ovaries revealed ovulatory arrest at 12 weeks. In both species, thymic antrophy, indicating immune dysfunction, and hepatomegaly were observed as consequences of TCDD exposure. Body weight was reduced in rats but not in mice. Histological evaluations of endometriotic sites revealed fibrosis in control rats, necrotic and inflammatory changes in the sites from TCDD-treated rats, and predominantly fibrotic changes in sites from TCDD-treated mice. Differences observed between the rat and the mouse with respect to (a) the magnitude of the effect on endometrial site diameter (rats mice) that may be based on the partial antiestrogenicity of TCDD, and (c) evidence that mice and rats differ in their immune response to TCDD suggest that the mechanisms mediating TCDD's action to promote endometriosis are complex and may be different in rats and mice. The mouse may be a better model for future studies necessary to elucidate these mechanisms. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Cummings, A M AU - Metcalf, J L AU - Birnbaum, L AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 131 EP - 139 VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Estrus -- drug effects KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Ovary -- pathology KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Endometriosis -- pathology KW - Endometriosis -- chemically induced KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- administration & dosage KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Disease Models, Animal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78031514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Promotion+of+endometriosis+by+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+in+rats+and+mice%3A+time-dose+dependence+and+species+comparison.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BMetcalf%2C+J+L%3BBirnbaum%2C+L&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Latent Effects of Pesticides and Toxic Substances On Sexual Differentiation of Rodents AN - 760214364; 13641671 AB - In humans and rodents, exposure to hormonally active chemicals during sex differentiation can produce morphological pseudohermaphrodism (Schardein, 1993; Gray, 1992). For example, hormonally active drugs like DES (estrogenic), Danazol (androgenic), and progestins cause urogenital malformations in the reproductive tracts of humans and rodents. The current discussion will present new information on the effects of toxic chemicals and pesticides that act on reproductive development via novel mechanisms, including germ cell toxicity, antiandrogenicity, and Ah-receptor binding. Information will be presented that describes how exposure during critical stages of life to synthetic chemicals present in our environment, such as benzidine- based dyes, antiandrogenic fungicides, 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and PCB congener 169, result in abnormal rodent sex differentiation. In rodents, perinatal exposure to fetal germ cell toxicants reduced the reproductive potential of female, and permanently reduced sperm production in male progeny. Phenotypic sex differentiation, however, was unaffected by these germ cell toxicants. In contrast, antiandrogenic drugs and fungicides induced profound alterations in phenotypic sex differentiation. Effects such as hypospadias, ectopic testes, vaginal pouches, agenesis of the ventral prostate, and nipple retention in male rats were observed commonly. Although these antiandrogens induced no permanent effects in female progeny, another class of chemicals, the Ah-receptor mediated toxicants, did reduce fertility in both male and female rat offspring. Cauda epididymal sperm numbers were reduced permanently in TCDD-exposed male rat and hamster progeny, and female progeny displayed malformations of the external genitalia. Other toxicants produced dramatic alterations of sex differentiation (uterus unicornis, agenesis of the vas and epididymis, and undescended testes), via mechanisms that have not been characterized yet. Since these adult/pubertal alterations resulted from gestational and/or neonatal exposures, future studies should include a comprehensive assessment of reproductive function after perinatal exposure because the developing animal is extremely sensitive to toxicants during sex differentiation, and many of the effects are difficult to detect until late in life. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Gray, LEarl AU - Kelce, William R AD - Developmental Reproductive Toxicology Section Health Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 515 EP - 531 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 12 IS - 3-4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - 3. Key Words: antiandrogens KW - germ cells KW - reproductive development KW - TCDD. KW - Chemicals KW - Testes KW - Fertility KW - Toxicants KW - Sperm KW - Reproductive system KW - Perinatal exposure KW - Congeners KW - progestin KW - Drugs KW - PCB KW - offspring KW - Uterus KW - Epididymis KW - Germ cells KW - Genitalia KW - TCDD KW - Toxicity KW - Sex differentiation KW - Fetuses KW - Nipples KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - antiandrogens KW - Dyes KW - Fungicides KW - Pesticides KW - Vagina KW - Progeny KW - Neonates KW - Prostate KW - rodents KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760214364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Latent+Effects+of+Pesticides+and+Toxic+Substances+On+Sexual+Differentiation+of+Rodents&rft.au=Gray%2C+LEarl%3BKelce%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=LEarl&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823379601200323 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Testes; Fertility; Toxicants; Sperm; Reproductive system; Perinatal exposure; Congeners; progestin; Drugs; PCB; Uterus; Epididymis; Germ cells; TCDD; Genitalia; Toxicity; Sex differentiation; Fetuses; Nipples; antiandrogens; polychlorinated biphenyls; Dyes; Vagina; Pesticides; Fungicides; Progeny; Neonates; Prostate; Chemicals; rodents; offspring DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379601200323 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of biota-sediment accumulation factors to assess similarity of nonionic organic chemical exposure to benthically-coupled organisms of differing trophic mode AN - 52820650; 1996-056443 JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Tracey, G A AU - Hansen, D J Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 467 EP - 475 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg-Berlin VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Chordata KW - benthic taxa KW - pollutants KW - trophic analysis KW - surface water KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - fresh-water environment KW - biota KW - Pisces KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical properties KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Vertebrata KW - pesticides KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52820650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+biota-sediment+accumulation+factors+to+assess+similarity+of+nonionic+organic+chemical+exposure+to+benthically-coupled+organisms+of+differing+trophic+mode&rft.au=Tracey%2C+G+A%3BHansen%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Tracey&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(4rb2jbyxcwtb1he1c13ybdmm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100119,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AECTCV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; bioavailability; biota; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Chordata; fresh-water environment; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; PCBs; pesticides; physical properties; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sediments; surface water; trophic analysis; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of interstitial water as a route of exposure for ammonia in sediment tests with benthic macroinvertebrates AN - 52784051; 1996-079080 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Whiteman, Frank W AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Kahl, Michael D AU - Rau, Daniel M AU - Balcer, Mary D Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 794 EP - 801 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 15 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - benthic taxa KW - biochemistry KW - ammonium ion KW - damage KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - measurement KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - toxicity KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - chemical composition KW - pore water KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52784051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+interstitial+water+as+a+route+of+exposure+for+ammonia+in+sediment+tests+with+benthic+macroinvertebrates&rft.au=Whiteman%2C+Frank+W%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T%3BKahl%2C+Michael+D%3BRau%2C+Daniel+M%3BBalcer%2C+Mary+D&rft.aulast=Whiteman&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=794&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium ion; aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; bioavailability; biochemistry; chemical composition; chemical reactions; concentration; damage; detection; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; measurement; microorganisms; organic compounds; pesticides; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pore water; sediments; toxic materials; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioremediation of an experimental oil spill on the shoreline of Delaware Bay AN - 52755307; 1997-018470 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Wrenn, Brian A AU - Strohmeier, Kevin L AU - Haines, John R AU - Eberhart, B Loye AU - King, Dennis AU - Holder, Edith Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 1764 EP - 1775 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - degradation KW - mass spectra KW - variations KW - remediation KW - oil spills KW - spectra KW - Delaware Bay KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - Delaware KW - pollutants KW - background level KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - nearshore environment KW - bioremediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - marine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52755307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Bioremediation+of+an+experimental+oil+spill+on+the+shoreline+of+Delaware+Bay&rft.au=Venosa%2C+Albert+D%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BWrenn%2C+Brian+A%3BStrohmeier%2C+Kevin+L%3BHaines%2C+John+R%3BEberhart%2C+B+Loye%3BKing%2C+Dennis%3BHolder%2C+Edith&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Atlantic Coastal Plain; background level; biodegradation; bioremediation; degradation; Delaware; Delaware Bay; detection; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; marine environment; mass spectra; microorganisms; monitoring; nearshore environment; nutrients; oil spills; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; solubility; spectra; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Episodic acidification of small streams in the Northeastern United States; Episodic Response Project AN - 52394447; 2000-015407 JF - Ecological Applications AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - Baker, J P AU - DeWalle, D R AU - Kretser, W A AU - Murdoch, P S AU - Simonin, H A AU - Van Sickle, J AU - McDowell, M K AU - Peck, D V AU - Barchet, W R Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 374 EP - 388 PB - Ecological Society of America, Tempe, AZ VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Chordata KW - pollutants KW - Episodic Response Project KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Appalachians KW - ecosystems KW - Pisces KW - New York KW - acidification KW - streams KW - ecology KW - Catskill Mountains KW - Vertebrata KW - Pennsylvania KW - geochemistry KW - Adirondack Mountains KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52394447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Episodic+acidification+of+small+streams+in+the+Northeastern+United+States%3B+Episodic+Response+Project&rft.au=Wigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BBaker%2C+J+P%3BDeWalle%2C+D+R%3BKretser%2C+W+A%3BMurdoch%2C+P+S%3BSimonin%2C+H+A%3BVan+Sickle%2C+J%3BMcDowell%2C+M+K%3BPeck%2C+D+V%3BBarchet%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Wigington&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - AZ N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; Adirondack Mountains; Appalachians; Catskill Mountains; Chordata; ecology; ecosystems; Episodic Response Project; geochemistry; New York; North America; Pennsylvania; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; streams; surface water; United States; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation-reduction mechanisms in iron-bearing phyllosilicates AN - 51056034; 1996-064127 AB - Reviewed in this article are the effects of structural Fe oxidation states on the physicochemical properties of smectite clay minerals. Reducing agents selected were dithionite (S (sub 2) O (sub 4) (super 2-) ), sulfide (S (super 2-) ), thiosulfate (S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) ), hydrazine (N (sub 2) H (sub 4) ), ascorbic acid (C (sub 6) H (sub 8) O (sub 6) ), hydroquinone (C (sub 6) H (sub 6) O (sub 2) ), and sodium oxalate (Na (sub 2) C (sub 2) H (sub 2) O (sub 4) ). Clay samples were prepared as aqueous suspensions of S (super 2-) > C (sub 6) H (sub 8) O (sub 6) > S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) > C (sub 6) H (sub 6) O (sub 2) nearly equal C (sub 2) H (sub 2) O (sub 4) . The heat of reaction of three of these reducing agents with the clay was measured, and decreased in the order S (sub 2) O (sub 4) (super 2-) > S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) > S (super 2-) . Compared to the order of reductive strength, the heats of reaction with S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) and S (super 2-) are reversed, suggesting that entropy changes are greater in the S (super 2-) treatment. Electron spin resonance (ESR) revealed that free radicals may be responsible for the greatest levels of reductive potential, which provides an important attribute by which potential reducing agents can be screened. Measurements of rheological properties of oxidized and reduced clay suspensions indicated that structural Fe(II) increases the viscosity of clay suspensions as a result of greater attractive forces between clay particles. The type of bonding between particles has yet to be ascertained. Microbial reduction of the clay produces moderate to high levels of reduction and causes changes in physico-chemical properties similar to chemical reduction of the clay. JF - Applied Clay Science AU - Stucki, Joseph W AU - Bailey, George W AU - Gan, Huamin Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 417 EP - 430 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 0169-1317, 0169-1317 KW - silicates KW - processes KW - clay KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - clay mineralogy KW - smectite KW - mechanism KW - iron KW - clay minerals KW - metals KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51056034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Clay+Science&rft.atitle=Oxidation-reduction+mechanisms+in+iron-bearing+phyllosilicates&rft.au=Stucki%2C+Joseph+W%3BBailey%2C+George+W%3BGan%2C+Huamin&rft.aulast=Stucki&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Clay+Science&rft.issn=01691317&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01691317 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical properties; clastic sediments; clay; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; Eh; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron; mechanism; metals; oxidation; physicochemical properties; processes; reduction; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatic DNA adducts and production of mutagenic urine in 2,6-dinitrotoluene-treated B6C3F1 male mice. AN - 77976560; 8603358 AB - The hepatocarcinogen 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT) is an intermediate in the chemical synthesis of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and polyurethane products and can contaminate the waste stream emitted by these industries. In this study, the production of mutagenic urine metabolites and the formation of hepatic DNA adducts is examined in the B6C3F1 male mouse. Animals were administered 50 mg/kg 2,6-DNT by gavage for 3 consecutive days. No body or liver weight effects were observed in treated animals. Following sacrifice, the livers were excised and DNA isolated for examination of 2,6-DNT-derived DNA adducts. During 2,6-DNT treatment, urine was collected, concentrated, and tested for mutagenicity in the Salmonella reversion bioassay. Mutagenic urine metabolites (469+/-53 revertants/ml urine) were excreted from B6C3F1 mice treated with 2,6-DNT and were comparable to results obtained for CD-1 mice and Fischer 344 rats. Two distinct hepatic DNA adducts (0.8+/-0.1 and 0.6+/-0.1 RAL/10(8) nucleotides) were detected in B6C3F1 mice by (32)P-postlabeling and thin layer chromatography which differed from the four adducts observed in hepatic DNA from 2,6-DNT-treated Fischer 344 rats. JF - Cancer letters AU - George, S E AU - Kohan, M J AU - Warren, S H AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/04/19/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Apr 19 SP - 107 EP - 111 VL - 102 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - Mutagens KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 2,6-dinitrotoluene KW - GG7FAV92MK KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Male KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - DNA Adducts -- biosynthesis KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- urine KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77976560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Hepatic+DNA+adducts+and+production+of+mutagenic+urine+in+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene-treated+B6C3F1+male+mice.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BWarren%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-04-19&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethological and experimental approaches to behavior analysis: implications for ecotoxicology. AN - 78436826; 9182036 AB - Laboratory research in toxicology has progressed far beyond reliance on measures of mortality to make use of sophisticated behavioral preparations that can evaluate the consequences of sublethal toxicant exposure. In contrast, field studies have not evolved as rapidly. Approaches developed by experimental psychologists and ethologists provide powerful and complementary methodologies to the study of environmental pollutants and behavior. Observational data collection techniques can easily be used to broaden the number of questions addressed regarding sublethal exposure to toxic agents in both field and laboratory environments. This paper provides a background in such techniques, including construction of ethograms and observational methodologies, and the use of laboratory analogues to naturally occurring activities such as social behavior, predation, and foraging. Combining ethological and experimental approaches in behavior analysis can result in a more comprehensive evaluation of the effects of environmental contaminants on behavior. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Cohn, J AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA. cohn@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 299 EP - 305 VL - 104 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Predatory Behavior KW - Population Density KW - Social Behavior KW - Ecosystem KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Ethology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78436826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Ethological+and+experimental+approaches+to+behavior+analysis%3A+implications+for+ecotoxicology.&rft.au=Cohn%2C+J%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Cohn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Psychopharmacologia. 1968 Sep 20;13(3):222-57 [5679627] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Mar 1;102(3):474-85 [2315916] Behaviour. 1974;49(3):227-67 [4597405] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1980 Jan;24(1):81-9 [7357114] Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):501-4 [7244649] Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1983 Sep-Oct;5(5):557-63 [6664413] J Exp Anal Behav. 1984 Mar;41(2):217-21 [6716037] J Neurobiol. 1984 Jul;15(4):283-93 [6090587] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1991 Jan;20(1):20-4 [1996908] Physiol Behav. 1992 Mar;51(3):533-42 [1523231] Arch Int Physiol Biochim Biophys. 1992 Sep-Oct;100(5):331-4 [1282384] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Apr;104 Suppl 2:331-5 [9182040] Annu Rev Psychol. 1985;36:141-69 [3883888] Behav Neural Biol. 1985 Jan;43(1):21-36 [3994623] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1985;443:381-437 [3893270] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1986;89(2):203-7 [3088637] Biol Psychiatry. 1986 Nov;21(13):1258-66 [3019440] Neuropharmacology. 1986 Dec;25(12):1395-401 [3561717] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1987;91(3):297-304 [2882539] J Neurosci. 1987 Apr;7(4):931-42 [3106588] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 May;88(3):397-410 [3033847] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1987 Jan-Feb;9(1):51-7 [3627077] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1988 Mar-Apr;10(2):85-92 [3398827] Neurotoxicology. 1988 Fall;9(3):367-78 [3143955] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 Aug;11(2):189-206 [3146518] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1989;97(4):521-8 [2498948] Behav Sci. 1971 Jan;16(1):98-113 [4937115] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Setting exposure standards: a decision process. AN - 78426837; 9182048 AB - Increased emphasis on routine screening of chemicals for potential neurotoxicity has resulted in the development of testing guidelines and standardized procedures. A multiphased, tiered-testing strategy has been proposed by numerous expert panels to evaluate large numbers of chemicals. In a regulatory context, however, a formal tiered-testing approach is not used, mostly because of the constraints of differing regulatory authorities and the potential cost of such a testing strategy. Instead, current regulatory decision making utilizes all available animal and human data to identify a critical adverse effect which is then used for setting standards. Although the current decision-making process does not use a formal tiered-testing approach, it appears to identify chemicals with neurotoxic effects. An analysis of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency integrated risk information system (IRIS) indicates that about 20% of the chemicals having standards or health advisories are based on neurotoxicity. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Tilson, H A AU - MacPhail, R C AU - Crofton, K M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. tilson@herl4S.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 401 EP - 405 VL - 104 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Algorithms KW - Neurotoxins -- adverse effects KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78426837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Setting+exposure+standards%3A+a+decision+process.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1984 Mar-Apr;6(2):147-53 [6472559] Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1987;7(1):107-17 [2884738] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1988;19(1):1-10 [3056655] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1988 Dec;8(4):471-86 [3222488] Neurotoxicology. 1992 Spring;13(1):1-13 [1508408] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):175-81 [2196418] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):281-4 [2196426] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 Jul-Aug;12(4):293-300 [1975425] Neuron. 1988 Oct;1(8):623-34 [2908446] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive development and functions in the rat after repeated maternal deprivation stress. AN - 78126930; 8812279 AB - The present study examines whether interruptions of maternal-neonatal behaviors may alter the maturation of reproductive organs and functions, thereby potentially confounding the interpretation of toxicity data with stress-induced responses. Sprague-Dawley rat neonates were removed from their dams for 6 hr daily beginning on Day 4 of postnatal age and continuing until Day 21. Vaginal opening and preputial separation were monitored as indices of puberty. Sperm production in the male rats, estrous cycles in the female rats, and reproductive tissues were weighed when the animals reached sexual maturity. In addition, rats were mated for the elevation of pregnancy outcomes. Maternal separation stress in itself did not appear to alter these parameters, although potential interactions of stress responses with a toxicant should still be considered. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Lau, C AU - Klinefelter, G AU - Cameron, A M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 298 EP - 301 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Body Weight KW - Animals KW - Organ Size KW - Male KW - Female KW - Testis -- growth & development KW - Stress, Physiological -- etiology KW - Ovary -- growth & development KW - Maternal Deprivation KW - Stress, Physiological -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78126930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Reproductive+development+and+functions+in+the+rat+after+repeated+maternal+deprivation+stress.&rft.au=Lau%2C+C%3BKlinefelter%2C+G%3BCameron%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Lau&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional quantitative structure--activity relationships for androgen receptor ligands. AN - 78016777; 8661347 AB - Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) paradigm, was used to examine androgen receptor-binding affinities of a series of structurally diverse natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals of interest. The CoMFA/3D-QSAR model successfully illustrates that the overall steric and electrostatic properties of structurally diverse ligands for the androgen receptor are necessary and sufficient to describe the binding affinity. The practical utility of models of this type is demonstrated using parent compounds in the training set and known as well as putative biological metabolites as test set molecules. The ability of the model to accurately predict binding affinity of test set molecules suggests that structure-based 3D-QSAR models may be used to supplement the process of hazard identification. The application of 3D-QSAR models within a toxicological framework is, at present, limited by the quantity and quality of biological data for relevant biomarkers of toxicity. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Waller, C L AU - Juma, B W AU - Gray, L E AU - Kelce, W R AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 219 EP - 227 VL - 137 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Ligands KW - Receptors, Androgen KW - Steroids KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Molecular KW - Hazardous Substances -- metabolism KW - Steroids -- chemistry KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Steroids -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Androgen -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Androgen -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78016777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+quantitative+structure--activity+relationships+for+androgen+receptor+ligands.&rft.au=Waller%2C+C+L%3BJuma%2C+B+W%3BGray%2C+L+E%3BKelce%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface application system for in situ ground-water bioremediation; site characterization and modeling AN - 52823556; 1996-056408 JF - Ground Water AU - Sweed, H G AU - Bedient, P B AU - Hutchins, S R Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 211 EP - 222 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - pollutants KW - underground storage tanks KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - Elgin Air Force Base North KW - recharge KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52823556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Surface+application+system+for+in+situ+ground-water+bioremediation%3B+site+characterization+and+modeling&rft.au=Sweed%2C+H+G%3BBedient%2C+P+B%3BHutchins%2C+S+R&rft.aulast=Sweed&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; Elgin Air Force Base North; Florida; ground water; hazardous waste; infiltration; models; pollutants; recharge; remediation; transport; underground storage tanks; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contrasting styles of hydrous metasomatism in the upper mantle; an ion microprobe investigation AN - 52814227; 1996-055798 AB - The relationship between modal metasomatism, oxidation state and trace element enrichment, with the compositions of metasomatic fluids, is examined for amphibole (+ or - phlogopite)-bearing spinel lherzolite xenoliths from modally metasomatized suites from Dish Hill, California, Ichinomegata, Japan, Mont Briancon, France, Dreiser, Weiher, Eifel, Germany. These localities represent diverse tectonic environments which may be correlated with specific fO (sub 2) characteristics. Ion microprobe analyses are presented for trace elements in coexisting clinopyroxene and amphibole (pargasite). Three distinct cases of metasomatic activity are identified: cases (1) and (2) are exemplified by xenoliths from Dish Hill and Ichinomegata; the former case involves the simple formation of amphibole by hydration of the mantle preserving its original depleted trace element signature. In case (2) amphiboles are produced metasomatically and are enriched in incompatible elements but coexist with depleted clinopyroxene, and crystallized from a volatile-bearing melt. In case (3) the Eifel and Mont Briancon trace element compositions may represent equilibrium crystallization of incompatible element-enriched amphibole and clinopyroxene from a migrating melt. Mica represents a distinct metasomatic phase. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Johnson, K E AU - Davis, A M AU - Bryndzia, L T Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 1367 EP - 1385 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 60 IS - 8 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - Far East KW - enrichment KW - Europe KW - New Mexico KW - lherzolite KW - France KW - California KW - plutonic rocks KW - mica group KW - Dish Hill KW - Central Europe KW - Rhineland-Palatinate Germany KW - inclusions KW - Asia KW - chain silicates KW - upper mantle KW - ultramafics KW - plate tectonics KW - Rhenish Schiefergebirge KW - peridotites KW - phlogopite KW - Central Massif KW - United States KW - Ichinomegata KW - oxygen KW - igneous rocks KW - mantle KW - metasomatism KW - fugacity KW - Eifel KW - major elements KW - Puerco Necks KW - oxides KW - Australia KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - Anakie Hills KW - xenoliths KW - Western Europe KW - Australasia KW - oxidation KW - amphibole group KW - spinel KW - New South Wales Australia KW - subduction KW - hydration KW - sheet silicates KW - Honshu KW - Germany KW - Japan KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Contrasting+styles+of+hydrous+metasomatism+in+the+upper+mantle%3B+an+ion+microprobe+investigation&rft.au=Johnson%2C+K+E%3BDavis%2C+A+M%3BBryndzia%2C+L+T&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0016-7037%2896%2900018-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 93 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amphibole group; Anakie Hills; Asia; Australasia; Australia; California; Central Europe; Central Massif; chain silicates; chemical composition; Dish Hill; Eifel; enrichment; Europe; Far East; France; fugacity; Germany; Honshu; hydration; Ichinomegata; igneous rocks; inclusions; Japan; lherzolite; major elements; mantle; metasomatism; mica group; New Mexico; New South Wales Australia; oxidation; oxides; oxygen; peridotites; phlogopite; plate tectonics; plutonic rocks; Puerco Necks; Rhenish Schiefergebirge; Rhineland-Palatinate Germany; sheet silicates; silicates; spinel; subduction; trace elements; ultramafics; United States; upper mantle; Western Europe; xenoliths DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)00018-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring crude oil mineralization in salt marshes; use of stable carbon isotope ratios AN - 52758642; 1997-018476 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Jackson, Andrew W AU - Pardue, John AU - Araujo, Rochelle Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 1139 EP - 1144 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - Port Fourchon Louisiana KW - degradation KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - stable isotopes KW - Jefferson Parish Louisiana KW - variations KW - carbon dioxide KW - intertidal environment KW - mass balance KW - carbon KW - Barataria Basin KW - oil spills KW - crude oil KW - Louisiana KW - kinetics KW - biodegradation KW - marshes KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - petroleum products KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - detection KW - salt marshes KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - C-13 KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52758642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Monitoring+crude+oil+mineralization+in+salt+marshes%3B+use+of+stable+carbon+isotope+ratios&rft.au=Jackson%2C+Andrew+W%3BPardue%2C+John%3BAraujo%2C+Rochelle&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aromatic hydrocarbons; Barataria Basin; biodegradation; C-13; carbon; carbon dioxide; coastal environment; crude oil; degradation; detection; hydrocarbons; intertidal environment; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jefferson Parish Louisiana; kinetics; Louisiana; marshes; mass balance; mires; oil spills; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Port Fourchon Louisiana; salt marshes; stable isotopes; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AN - 52754139; 1997-018488 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Beard, Michael E AU - Millete, James R AU - Montague, Naomi AU - Longo, William E AU - Hatfield, Richard L AU - Lee, R J AU - Dagenhart, T V AU - Dunmyre, R AU - Stewart, I M AU - van Orden, D R Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 1404 EP - 1406 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - silicates KW - critical review KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - detection limit KW - clastic sediments KW - asbestos KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - sample preparation KW - detection KW - dust KW - sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52754139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Environmental+Science+%26amp%3B+Technology%2C+ES+%26amp%3B+T&rft.au=Beard%2C+Michael+E%3BMillete%2C+James+R%3BMontague%2C+Naomi%3BLongo%2C+William+E%3BHatfield%2C+Richard+L%3BLee%2C+R+J%3BDagenhart%2C+T+V%3BDunmyre%2C+R%3BStewart%2C+I+M%3Bvan+Orden%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Beard&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Lee, R. J. et al., Environ. Sci. Technol. Vol. 29, No. 7, p. 1728-1736, 1995 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asbestos; clastic sediments; critical review; detection; detection limit; dust; experimental studies; pollution; regulations; sample preparation; sediments; silicates; suspended materials; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyzing a priority pollutant in soil AN - 52752662; 1997-018497 JF - Pollution Engineering AU - Ma, Jinzhong AU - Frederick, Raymond M Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 42 EP - 43 PB - Cahners Publishing, Newton, MA VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0032-3640, 0032-3640 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - detection KW - chromatograms KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - chemical composition KW - synthetic materials KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52752662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pollution+Engineering&rft.atitle=Analyzing+a+priority+pollutant+in+soil&rft.au=Ma%2C+Jinzhong%3BFrederick%2C+Raymond+M&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Jinzhong&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pollution+Engineering&rft.issn=00323640&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; chemical composition; chemical properties; chemical waste; chromatograms; concentration; detection; experimental studies; industrial waste; pollutants; pollution; soil treatment; soils; synthetic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous waste; cleanup and prevention AN - 52147229; 2002-015075 JF - Science and Children AU - Vandas, Steve J AU - Cronin, Nancy L Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 23 EP - 24, 35 PB - National Science Teachers Association, Washington, DC VL - 33 IS - 7 SN - 0036-8148, 0036-8148 KW - hazardous waste KW - K-12 education KW - Superfund KW - waste disposal KW - education KW - bioremediation KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52147229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+and+Children&rft.atitle=Hazardous+waste%3B+cleanup+and+prevention&rft.au=Vandas%2C+Steve+J%3BCronin%2C+Nancy+L&rft.aulast=Vandas&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+and+Children&rft.issn=00368148&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; education; hazardous waste; K-12 education; preventive measures; remediation; Superfund; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vulnerability and adaptation assessments; an international handbook AN - 51221616; 1997-034459 JF - Environmental Science and Technology Library A2 - Benioff, Ron A2 - Guill, Sandra A2 - Lee, Jeffrey Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 EP - variously paginated PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 7 SN - 1382-3124, 1382-3124 KW - soils KW - biodiversity KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - biota KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - adaptation KW - models KW - sea-level changes KW - climate effects KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - manuals KW - soil erosion KW - water resources KW - land use KW - climate KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51221616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0792341406&rft.btitle=Vulnerability+and+adaptation+assessments%3B+an+international+handbook&rft.title=Vulnerability+and+adaptation+assessments%3B+an+international+handbook&rft.issn=13823124&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 81 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes ten appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adaptation; biodiversity; biota; changes; climate; climate effects; coastal environment; ecosystems; erosion; ground water; human activity; human ecology; land use; manuals; models; policy; pollution; risk assessment; sea-level changes; soil erosion; soils; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effective use of electromagnetic methods to delineate a fluvial paleochannel system controlling oil migration near Glenrock, Wyoming AN - 50902411; 2002-027263 AB - A combination of three different electromagnetic methods was effectively used to map the shallow lithologic variation interpreted to control the subsurface migration pattern of hydrocarbons near Glenrock, Wyoming. Petroleum hydrocarbons were seeping from the south bank of the North Platte River approximately one-half mile west of the Township of Glenrock, Wyoming. Product was moving along the top of the water table through coarse grained sediments and discharging into the river. Initial investigations, resulting in the excavation of three trenches, were unable to determine the source and migration pathways that the hydrocarbons were following. A geophysical survey was performed that provided a map of the subsurface geology that controlled free and dissolved product migration. The geophysical methods used included terrain conductivity, using two instruments that allowed two different coil separations (the Geonics EM-31 and EM-34), and transient electromagnetics (TEM). The portability and data collection efficiency of the EM-31 guided its use as a reconnaissance tool. Data from the EM-31 provided a map of near-surface conductivity patterns indicative of shallow lithologic variation between coarse-grained paleochannel deposits and fine-grained fluvial overbank sediments. Correlation of the EM-31 response with known geology observed in test pit excavations resulted in some concern as to whether the mapped lithologic variation was too shallow to have controlled groundwater migration. To address this, the EM-31 was operated at ground, and at 3 and 7 feet (ft) heights above ground over a high conductivity zone (interpreted to be fine-grained material). Data obtained indicated that the high conductivity material was not a thin surficial veneer, but instead represented fine-grained deposits at depths of 0 to greater than 10 ft. The EM-34 instrument was also used at a 10-meter coil separation along selected traverses to confirm the vertical extent of the interpreted lithologic variation. In addition, a profile of central loop TEM sounding provided enough information to allow one-dimensional computer modeling, which provided a quantitative depth extent of fine-grained (fluvial overbank) deposits. Therefore, preferential groundwater migration pathways (fluvial paleochannels) were not only detected, but quantitatively delineated using this effective combination of electromagnetic methods. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Rogers, Noel T AU - Sandberg, Stewart K AU - Powell, Greg AU - Bell, Ronald S AU - Cramer, Mark H Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 917 EP - 926 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1996 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - geophysical surveys KW - Glenrock Wyoming KW - Platte River KW - transport KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - hydrodynamics KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - grain size KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - channels KW - Converse County Wyoming KW - TEM data KW - oil seeps KW - Wyoming KW - lithofacies KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - fluvial features KW - surveys KW - lateral heterogeneity KW - alluvium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50902411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=The+effective+use+of+electromagnetic+methods+to+delineate+a+fluvial+paleochannel+system+controlling+oil+migration+near+Glenrock%2C+Wyoming&rft.au=Rogers%2C+Noel+T%3BSandberg%2C+Stewart+K%3BPowell%2C+Greg%3BBell%2C+Ronald+S%3BCramer%2C+Mark+H&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=Noel&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium; channels; clastic sediments; Converse County Wyoming; electromagnetic methods; fluvial features; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Glenrock Wyoming; grain size; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; hydrodynamics; lateral heterogeneity; lithofacies; oil seeps; organic compounds; Platte River; pollutants; pollution; sediments; solute transport; surveys; TEM data; transport; United States; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The control of acid mine drainage at the Summitville Mine Superfund Site AN - 50898622; 2002-027195 AB - The Summitville Mine Superfund Site is located about 25 miles south of Del Norte, Colorado, in Rio Grande County. Occurring at an average elevation of 11,500 feet in the San Juan Mountain Range, the mine site is located two miles east of the Continental Divide. Mining at Summitville has occurred since 1870. The mine was most recently operated by Summitville Consolidated Mining Company, Inc. (SCMCI) as an open pit gold mine with extraction by means of a cyanide leaching process. In December of 1992, SCMCI declared bankruptcy and vacated the mine site. At that time, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) took over operations of the water treatment facilities to prevent a catastrophic release of cyanide and metal-laden water from the mine site. Due to high operational costs of water treatment (approximately $50,000 per day), EPA established a goal to minimize active water treatment by reducing or eliminating acid mine drainage (AMD). All of the sources of AMD generation on the mine site were evaluated and prioritized. Of the twelve areas identified as sources of AMD, the Cropsy Waste Pile, the Summitville Dam Impoundment, the Beaver Mud Dump, the Reynolds and Chandler adits, and the Mine Pits were consider to be the most significant contributors to the generation of metal-laden acidic (low pH) water. A two part plan was developed to control AMD from the most significant sources. The first part was initiated immediately to control AMD being released from the Site. This part focused on improving the efficiency of the water treatment facilities and controlling the AMD discharges from the mine drainage adits. The discharges from the adits was accomplished by plugging the Reynolds and Chandler adits. The second part of the plan was aimed at reducing the AMD generated in groundwater and surface water runoff from the mine wastes. A lined and capped repository located in the mine pits for acid generating mining waste and water treatment plant sludge was found to be the most feasible alternative. Beginning in 1993, mining wastes which were the most significant sources of AMD were being excavated and placed in the Mine Pits. In November 1995, all of the waste from these sources had been excavated and placed in the the Mine Pits. This paper discusses EPA's overall approach to stabilize on-site sources sufficiently such that aquatic, agricultural, and drinking water uses in the Alamosa watershed are restored and/or maintained with minimal water treatment. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Ketellapper, Victor L AU - Williams, Laura O AU - Bell, Ronald S AU - Cramer, Mark H Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 303 EP - 311 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1996 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - mining KW - mines KW - acid mine drainage KW - surface mining KW - pollutants KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Summitville Mine KW - Del Norte Colorado KW - mining geology KW - metal ores KW - gold ores KW - open-pit mining KW - Colorado KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50898622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=The+control+of+acid+mine+drainage+at+the+Summitville+Mine+Superfund+Site&rft.au=Ketellapper%2C+Victor+L%3BWilliams%2C+Laura+O%3BBell%2C+Ronald+S%3BCramer%2C+Mark+H&rft.aulast=Ketellapper&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Colorado; Del Norte Colorado; gold ores; metal ores; mines; mining; mining geology; open-pit mining; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rio Grande County Colorado; Summitville Mine; Superfund sites; surface mining; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of ac and dc magnetic field orientation on nerve cells. AN - 77978672; 8607846 AB - Recent tests of the influence of parallel ac and dc magnetic fields on neurite outgrowth in PC-12 cells showed good agreement with the predictions of an ion parametric resonance model. However, experimental results from earlier work involving both a perpendicular (160 mG) and a parallel (366 mG) dc magnetic field were not as consistent with the ion parametric resonance model predictions. Test results reported here show that the cell response to perpendicular ac and de magnetic fields is distinct and predictably different from that found for parallel ac and dc magnetic fields, and that the response to perpendicular fields is dominant in an intensity-dependent nonlinear manner. JF - Biochemical and biophysical research communications AU - Blackman, C F AU - Blanchard, J P AU - Benane, S G AU - House, D E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711-2055, USA. Y1 - 1996/03/27/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Mar 27 SP - 807 EP - 811 VL - 220 IS - 3 SN - 0006-291X, 0006-291X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - PC12 Cells KW - Electromagnetic Fields KW - Neurites -- radiation effects KW - Neurites -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77978672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.atitle=Effect+of+ac+and+dc+magnetic+field+orientation+on+nerve+cells.&rft.au=Blackman%2C+C+F%3BBlanchard%2C+J+P%3BBenane%2C+S+G%3BHouse%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Blackman&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-03-27&rft.volume=220&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supernumerary lumbar rib: manifestation of basic alteration in embryonic development of ribs. AN - 78559556; 8935784 AB - Supernumerary ribs (SNR) are a common variant in some strains of mice used in standard teratology bioassays. We have previously demonstrated that increased incidence of SNR may be induced by a wide variety of xenobiotics and/or general maternal stress. The significance of this defect in cross-species extrapolations has been problematic and recent studies, including this one, have shown that this anomaly is more complex than previously thought. The SNR in mice have a bimodal distribution composed of 'rudimentary ribs' (RR) with a mode of 0.3-0.4 mm and 'extra ribs' (ER) with a mode of 0.9-1.1 mm. The studies reported here examine the relationship between the presence of SNR and the 13th rib length and the gross morphological development of the anomaly. Supernumerary ribs were induced in CD-1 mice by surgical stress (subcutaneous micropump implanted on gestational day (GD), restraint stress (GD8), food and water deprivation (GD8) or maternal administration of the pesticide dinoseb (50 mg kg-1 on GD7 and GD8). Fetuses from untreated litters were also examined. Dinoseb-treated mice were killed on GD14, 15, 16 or 17. All other groups were killed on GD17. The lengths of the 13th and 14th ribs were measured and other anomalies were recorded. Femur length was used as an indicator of fetal size. The SNR frequency was higher in all treatment groups compared to controls. We found that ER and RR were morphologically distinct. The ER were flat ended and distally joined by a cartilaginous portion, while RR were usually rounded distally and were without cartilaginous extensions. The 13th ribs were significantly longer in fetuses having SNR than in those not having SNR, whether treated or untreated. This relationship was present in all fetal ages examined and with both ER and RR groups. These results suggest that SNR are indicative of basic alterations in the development of the axial skeleton. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Branch, S AU - Rogers, J M AU - Brownie, C F AU - Chernoff, N AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 115 EP - 119 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol KW - Q13SKS21MN KW - dinoseb KW - YD44ZEM22M KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Gestational Age KW - Mice KW - Fasting KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- embryology KW - Ribs -- abnormalities KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol -- toxicity KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78559556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Supernumerary+lumbar+rib%3A+manifestation+of+basic+alteration+in+embryonic+development+of+ribs.&rft.au=Branch%2C+S%3BRogers%2C+J+M%3BBrownie%2C+C+F%3BChernoff%2C+N&rft.aulast=Branch&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-22 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Battery of neurobehavioral tests recommended to ATSDR: solvent-induced deficits in microelectronic workers. AN - 78315760; 8794536 JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Boyes, W K AU - Otto, D A AU - House, D E AU - Creason, J P AU - Geller, A M AU - Darcey, D J AU - Broadwell, D K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 235 EP - 243 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Solvents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Computer Simulation KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Models, Statistical KW - Electronics KW - Male KW - Female KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Psychomotor Performance -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Health -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78315760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=Battery+of+neurobehavioral+tests+recommended+to+ATSDR%3A+solvent-induced+deficits+in+microelectronic+workers.&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BOtto%2C+D+A%3BHouse%2C+D+E%3BCreason%2C+J+P%3BGeller%2C+A+M%3BDarcey%2C+D+J%3BBroadwell%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suppression of oocyte release in rats by local administration of the noradrenergic neurotoxin DSP4. AN - 78089488; 8699411 AB - The presence of noradrenergic neuronal innervation in the ovaries and cyclic alterations in ovarian noradrenaline suggest a role for such innervation in oocyte release. The current experiments evaluated the relationship between ovulation and alterations in ovarian concentrations of noradrenaline induced by unilateral, intrabursal administration of the specific noradrenergic neurotoxin DSP4. Intrabursal injections of DSP4 (0-10 mumoles per ovary) given at 19:00 h at pro-oestrus induced a prompt, dose-related reduction in ovarian noradrenaline on the injected and non-injected sides. Although this result suggests that injected material was reaching the contralateral ovary, ovulation was suppressed only on the injected side. This suppression was persistent, and lasted through at least the next two cycles following either unilateral or bilateral treatment. The reductions in noradrenaline could be mostly, if not entirely, attenuated by prior administration of desipramine which blocks re-uptake of noradrenaline, while the ipsilateral ovulatory effects remained unchanged. Although it has been reported that DSP4 binds the opiate receptor, intrabursal co-administration of the antagonist naloxone was ineffective in altering ovulatory suppression. These results suggest that while decreases in ovarian noradrenaline in response to local exposure to a noradrenergic neurotoxin may accompany a reduction in oocyte release or a block in ovulation, the anti-ovulatory effect of DSP4 is independent of the changes in noradrenaline concentrations and may be due to some other ovarian response. JF - Journal of reproduction and fertility AU - Goldman, J M AU - Stoker, T E AU - Cooper, R L AU - McElroy, W K AU - Parrish, M B AD - Endocrinology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 275 EP - 283 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0022-4251, 0022-4251 KW - Adrenergic Agents KW - 0 KW - Benzylamines KW - Narcotic Antagonists KW - Neurotoxins KW - Naloxone KW - 36B82AMQ7N KW - DSP 4 KW - PQ1P7JP5C1 KW - Desipramine KW - TG537D343B KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Norepinephrine -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Naloxone -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Desipramine -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Norepinephrine -- metabolism KW - Narcotic Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Female KW - Ovulation -- drug effects KW - Benzylamines -- pharmacology KW - Adrenergic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Ovary -- metabolism KW - Ovary -- innervation KW - Neurotoxins -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78089488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+reproduction+and+fertility&rft.atitle=Suppression+of+oocyte+release+in+rats+by+local+administration+of+the+noradrenergic+neurotoxin+DSP4.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+J+M%3BStoker%2C+T+E%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BMcElroy%2C+W+K%3BParrish%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+reproduction+and+fertility&rft.issn=00224251&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Autonomic and behavioral thermoregulation in golden hamsters exposed perinatally to dioxin. AN - 77967222; 8607137 AB - Perinatal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) cause s a permanent change in thermoregulatory control of male offspring of the rat, characterized by a reduced core temperature (Tc over a wide range of ambient temperatures (Ta). To examine the similarities in this effect across species, the thermoregulatory effects of perinatal TCDD were evaluated in the golden hamster, a species which is very resistant to the lethal effects of TCDD. Adult male hamsters exposed on Gestational Day 11.5-11.75 to 2.0 microgram TCDD/kg by gavage were subjected to a variety of behavioral and autonomic thermoregulatory measurements. Nocturnal Tc of TCDD-treated animals was 0.4 to 1.0 degrees C below that of controls over a Ta range of 14 to 34 degrees C. Hypothermia persisted in spite of normal metabolic responses to cold exposure. The hypothermic effect of perinatal TCDD exposure was found to persist over a 24-hr period in unrestrained hamsters monitored by radiotelemetry. The TCDD-treated hamster offspring placed in a temperature gradient exhibited a preference for warm Ta's for 2 to 3 hr; however, when maintained over a 22-hr period in the gradient there was no effect of TCDD on behavioral thermoregulation. TCDD had no effect on motor activity measured over a 24-hr period. TCDD resulted in an approximately 30% reduction in body weight compared to controls; however, this weight loss appeared to have no bearing on the thermoregulatory deficiencies of the TCDD-treated animals. TCDD-treated hamsters displayed a normal metabolic response to cold exposure; thus, it would appear that perinatal exposure to TCDD leads to a dysfunction in the central control of body temperature. The perinatal effects of TCDD on thermoregulation in the rat and hamster appear to be similar. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gordon, C J AU - Yang, Y AU - Gray, L E AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 120 EP - 125 VL - 137 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Oxygen Consumption -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Telemetry KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mesocricetus KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Cricetinae KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- physiology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77967222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Autonomic+and+behavioral+thermoregulation+in+golden+hamsters+exposed+perinatally+to+dioxin.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BYang%2C+Y%3BGray%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between CYP1A enzyme activities and protein levels in rats treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. AN - 77965344; 8600290 AB - Induction of CYP1A1 is one of the best characterized responses to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). EROD activity has been used as an enzymatic marker for CYP1A1 following TCDD treatment. Enzymatic markers for the induction of CYP1A2 by TCDD are not as well characterized. The present study examines the relationship between CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 protein and the corresponding enzymatic markers. Induction of hepatic ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity and methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MEROD) and acetanilide 4-hydroxylase (ACOH) activity (both markers for CYP1A2) were analyzed in 8-wk-old male and female Fischer 344 rats treated orally with either 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 micrograms TCDD/kg. There were no sex differences in basal EROD or ACOH activity. MEROD activity was significantly greater in control males than in control females. Significant induction of EROD activity in females occurred at slightly lower doses of TCDD compared to males (0.1 vs. 0.3 micrograms/kg, respectively); however, a greater absolute and a larger fold induction of EROD activity was seen in males compared to females at all doses tested except 0.1 micrograms/kg. EROD activity did not attain a maximum in either sex. Similarly, MEROD activity was induced at lower doses of TCDD in females than in males (0.1 vs. 0.3 micrograms/kg, respectively). MEROD activity was maximally induced at 0.3 micrograms/kg in males. In females, MEROD did not attain maximum induction at the doses tested. ACOH activity was induced at doses as low as 0.3 micrograms/kg in both sexes, and the dose-dependent increases in activity were equivalent in males and females. Both ACOH and MEROD activity correlated well with CYP1A2 levels as determined by Western blot analysis, although there was a greater fold induction of protein than either MEROD or ACOH. Although MEROD and ACOH are both markers for the same response, MEROD activity may be a more useful marker because it is the quicker and more sensitive of the two assays. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - DeVito, M J AU - Beebe, L E AU - Menache, M AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 379 EP - 394 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - methoxyresorufin-O-demethylase KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 KW - acetanilide hydroxylase KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Blotting, Western KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Male KW - Female KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- metabolism KW - Oxidoreductases -- biosynthesis KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77965344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+CYP1A+enzyme+activities+and+protein+levels+in+rats+treated+with+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.&rft.au=DeVito%2C+M+J%3BBeebe%2C+L+E%3BMenache%2C+M%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=DeVito&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-02 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soluble transition metals mediate the acute pulmonary injury and airway hyperreactivity induced by residual oil fly ash particles. AN - 77963299; 8598143 JF - Chest AU - Dreher, K AU - Jaskot, R AU - Kodavanti, U AU - Lehmann, J AU - Winsett, D AU - Costa, D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 33S EP - 34S VL - 109 IS - 3 Suppl SN - 0012-3692, 0012-3692 KW - Fuel Oils KW - 0 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Acute Disease KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Male KW - Respiratory Hypersensitivity -- physiopathology KW - Fuel Oils -- adverse effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- physiopathology KW - Respiratory Hypersensitivity -- chemically induced KW - Vehicle Emissions -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77963299?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chest&rft.atitle=Soluble+transition+metals+mediate+the+acute+pulmonary+injury+and+airway+hyperreactivity+induced+by+residual+oil+fly+ash+particles.&rft.au=Dreher%2C+K%3BJaskot%2C+R%3BKodavanti%2C+U%3BLehmann%2C+J%3BWinsett%2C+D%3BCosta%2C+D&rft.aulast=Dreher&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=3+Suppl&rft.spage=33S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chest&rft.issn=00123692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with low concentrations of radionuclides AN - 52828748; 1996-055692 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Entry, James A AU - Vance, Nan C AU - Hamilton, Melinda A AU - Zabowski, Darlene AU - Watrud, Lidia S AU - Adriano, Domy C Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 167 EP - 176 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 88 IS - 1-2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - hazardous waste KW - Sr-90 KW - medical geology KW - isotopes KW - techniques KW - ecosystems KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - nuclear explosions KW - fallout KW - soils KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - explosions KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - plant uptake KW - Cs-137 KW - Chernobyl nuclear accident KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52828748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation+of+soil+contaminated+with+low+concentrations+of+radionuclides&rft.au=Entry%2C+James+A%3BVance%2C+Nan+C%3BHamilton%2C+Melinda+A%3BZabowski%2C+Darlene%3BWatrud%2C+Lidia+S%3BAdriano%2C+Domy+C&rft.aulast=Entry&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; bioremediation; cesium; Chernobyl nuclear accident; concentration; Cs-137; decontamination; ecosystems; explosions; fallout; hazardous waste; isotopes; medical geology; metals; nuclear explosions; nuclear facilities; plant uptake; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; soil treatment; soils; Sr-90; strontium; techniques; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on contaminant biodegradation in slurry, water, and compacted soil tube reactors AN - 52768956; 1997-016793 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Fu, Chunsheng AU - Pfanstiel, Steven AU - Gao, Chao AU - Yan, Xuesheng AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Tabak, Henry H Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 743 EP - 750 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - decontamination KW - chemical properties KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52768956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Studies+on+contaminant+biodegradation+in+slurry%2C+water%2C+and+compacted+soil+tube+reactors&rft.au=Fu%2C+Chunsheng%3BPfanstiel%2C+Steven%3BGao%2C+Chao%3BYan%2C+Xuesheng%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BTabak%2C+Henry+H&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Chunsheng&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical properties; decontamination; experimental studies; ground water; in situ; mathematical models; microorganisms; models; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; remediation; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of triazine degradates on ground water in relation to relevant regulatory endpoints AN - 52523240; 1999-008598 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Barrett, Michael R A2 - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 211 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52523240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Impact+of+triazine+degradates+on+ground+water+in+relation+to+relevant+regulatory+endpoints&rft.au=Barrett%2C+Michael+R&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=211&rft.issue=&rft.spage=AGRO+157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 211th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - degradation; drinking water; environmental analysis; ground water; herbicides; human ecology; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; regulations; toxicity; triazines ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide movement to ground water in California; application of areal vulnerability assessments and well monitoring to mitigation measures AN - 52522843; 1999-008595 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Troiano, J AU - Nordmark, C AU - Barry, T AU - Johnson, B AU - Spurlock, F A2 - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 211 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - nonpoint sources KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - California KW - mitigation KW - transport KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52522843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Pesticide+movement+to+ground+water+in+California%3B+application+of+areal+vulnerability+assessments+and+well+monitoring+to+mitigation+measures&rft.au=Troiano%2C+J%3BNordmark%2C+C%3BBarry%2C+T%3BJohnson%2C+B%3BSpurlock%2C+F&rft.aulast=Troiano&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=211&rft.issue=&rft.spage=AGRO+147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 211th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; California; environmental analysis; ground water; herbicides; mathematical models; mitigation; monitoring; nonpoint sources; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; solute transport; statistical analysis; transport; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making sausage; earth science, the budget, and the virtual science agency AN - 51607151; 2006-028481 JF - Geotimes AU - Hitzman, Murray W Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 16 EP - 18 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 41 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - United States KW - geology KW - programs KW - Office of Science and Technology KW - funding KW - government agencies KW - policy KW - economics KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51607151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=Making+sausage%3B+earth+science%2C+the+budget%2C+and+the+virtual+science+agency&rft.au=Hitzman%2C+Murray+W&rft.aulast=Hitzman&rft.aufirst=Murray&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - economics; funding; geology; government agencies; Office of Science and Technology; policy; programs; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activity profiles of antimutagens: in vitro and in vivo data. AN - 77999837; 8657173 AB - In this review, retinol, chlorophyllin, and N-acetylcysteine are examined and compared with regard to their antimutagenic activity against some promutagens and a group of direct-acting alkylating agents. The promutagens included aflatoxin B1, certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzo[a]pyrene), and certain heterocyclic amines (e.g., food pyrolysates). Results of antimutagenicity testing selected from data surveyed in the published literature are displayed graphically as activity profiles of antimutagens showing both the doses tested and the extent of inhibition or enhancement of mutagenic activity. All three antimutagens are discussed in terms of their putative mechanisms of action in vitro and in vivo with emphasis on the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme systems. JF - Mutation research AU - Waters, M D AU - Stack, H F AU - Jackson, M A AU - Brockman, H E AU - De Flora, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/02/19/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Feb 19 SP - 109 EP - 129 VL - 350 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Antimutagenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Chlorophyllides KW - Heterocyclic Compounds KW - Mutagens KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Vitamin A KW - 11103-57-4 KW - chlorophyllin KW - 1D276TYV9O KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Aflatoxin B1 KW - 9N2N2Y55MH KW - Acetylcysteine KW - WYQ7N0BPYC KW - Index Medicus KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Heterocyclic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Aflatoxin B1 -- toxicity KW - Antimutagenic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Vitamin A -- pharmacology KW - Chlorophyllides -- pharmacology KW - Acetylcysteine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77999837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Activity+profiles+of+antimutagens%3A+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+data.&rft.au=Waters%2C+M+D%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BJackson%2C+M+A%3BBrockman%2C+H+E%3BDe+Flora%2C+S&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-02-19&rft.volume=350&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans at the part per trillion level in United States beef fat using high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. AN - 78651871; 8999739 AB - As part of the U.S. EPA Dioxin Reassessment Program, the 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans were measured at part per trillion (ppt) levels in beef fat collected from slaughter facilities in the United States. This is the first statistically designed national survey of these compounds in the U.S. beef supply. Analyte concentrations were determined by high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry, using isotope dilution methodology. Method limits of detection on a whole weight basis were 0.05 ppt for TCDD and 0.10 ppt for TCDF, 0.50 ppt for the pentas (PeCDDs/PeCDFs)/hexas (HxCDDs/HxCDFs)/heptas (HpCDDs/HpCDFs), and 3.00 ppt for the octas (OCDD/OCDF). Method detection and quantitation limits were established on the basis of demonstrated performance criteria utilizing fortified samples rather than by conventional signal-to-noise or variability of response methods. The background subtraction procedures developed for this study minimized the likelihood of false positives and increased the confidence associated with reported values near the detection limits. Mean and median values for each of the 2,3,7,8-Cl-substituted dioxins and furans are reported, along with the supporting information required for their interpretation. The mean toxic equivalence values for the samples are 0.35 ppt (nondetects = 0) and 0.89 ppt (nondetects = 1/2 LOD). JF - Analytical chemistry AU - Ferrario, J AU - Byrne, C AU - McDaniel, D AU - Dupuy, A AU - Harless, R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, John C. Stennis Space Center, Mississippi 39529, USA. Y1 - 1996/02/15/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Feb 15 SP - 647 EP - 652 VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dietary Fats KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Calibration KW - Quality Control KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Dietary Fats -- analysis KW - Meat -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78651871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Determination+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-chlorine-substituted+dibenzo-p-dioxins+and+-furans+at+the+part+per+trillion+level+in+United+States+beef+fat+using+high-resolution+gas+chromatography%2Fhigh-resolution+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Ferrario%2C+J%3BByrne%2C+C%3BMcDaniel%2C+D%3BDupuy%2C+A%3BHarless%2C+R&rft.aulast=Ferrario&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-02-15&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+chemistry&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responsiveness of hepatocytes from dichloroacetic acid or phenobarbital treated mice to growth factors in primary culture. AN - 77994026; 8616822 AB - Hepatocytes isolated from male B6C3F1 mice and maintained in primary culture were exposed to epidermal growth factor (EGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) alone or in combination with the mitoinhibitory transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1). Groups of mice were exposed to 3.5 g/l dichloroacetic acid (DCA), 0.1% phenobarbital (PB) or the drinking water vehicle for 0, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, or 90 days. Following a 2 h attachment period, the growth factors with or without TGF-beta 1 were added together with [3H]thymidine. The cells were harvested 48 h later and the incorporation of the labeled thymidine into cellular DNA was determined. Basal DNA synthesis was enhanced following 2 days of PB treatment after which it declined to levels significantly below that in the untreated mice. No early time enhancement of DNA synthesis was measured in the hepatocyte cultures for animals exposed to DCA, but the late time inhibition was also seen. Primary cultures of hepatocytes isolated from control and DCA treated mice exhibited similarly enhanced DNA synthesis in response to eGF, HGF, or aFGF alone or in combination with TGF-beta 1. In contrast, hepatocytes from PB treated animals were refractory to the effects of the growth factors at all time periods. These data suggest that the early depression of cell proliferation we have seen during DCA induced hepatocellular cancer is not due to an impaired ability of hepatocytes to respond to growth factors and that the mechanisms of liver tumorigenesis in the mouse induced by PB and DCA are dissimilar. JF - Cancer letters AU - Tsai, W H AU - DeAngelo, A B AD - EPA/UNC-CH Toxicology Research Program, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/02/06/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Feb 06 SP - 177 EP - 183 VL - 99 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Growth Substances KW - 0 KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 KW - 104781-85-3 KW - Epidermal Growth Factor KW - 62229-50-9 KW - Hepatocyte Growth Factor KW - 67256-21-7 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Thymidine KW - VC2W18DGKR KW - Phenobarbital KW - YQE403BP4D KW - Index Medicus KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Hepatocyte Growth Factor -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- pharmacology KW - Thymidine -- metabolism KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Male KW - Phenobarbital -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- cytology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Growth Substances -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - DNA -- biosynthesis KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- pharmacology KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77994026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Responsiveness+of+hepatocytes+from+dichloroacetic+acid+or+phenobarbital+treated+mice+to+growth+factors+in+primary+culture.&rft.au=Tsai%2C+W+H%3BDeAngelo%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Tsai&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-02-06&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-06-13 N1 - Date created - 1996-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Possible confounding effects of strobe "clicks" on flash evoked potentials in rats. AN - 85270293; pmid-8838613 AB - Flash evoked potentials (FEPs) undergo within- and between-session changes and are modified by auditory white noise (26). We examined whether an auditory potential produced by the "click" associated with the strobe discharge could be recorded, and if alterations in an auditory response could explain the within- and between-session changes in FEPs. We also examined differences between a frontal cortex or a nasal reference electrode location on FEPs and auditory potentials. An auditory potential associated with the strobe discharge could be clearly recorded. This response was eliminated by the presence of 80 dB SPL masking white noise. However, the within- and between-session changes in FEPs could not be explained by modifications of the auditory potential. Animals whose ear drums were ruptured did not exhibit an auditory response, and their FEPs were similar to those of controls tested in the presence of masking white noise. A nasal reference electrode decreased the impact of auditory potentials on FEPs, but allow visual potentials (electroretinogram and optic tract activity) to influence FEPs. The data show that auditory potentials associated with the strobe discharge can be recorded from the visual cortex of rats, and that these auditory responses represent a possible confounding factor in the interpretation of toxicological studies employing FEPs. JF - Physiology & Behavior AU - Herr, D W AU - Vo, K T AU - King, D AU - Boyes, W K AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 325 EP - 340 VL - 59 IS - 2 SN - 0031-9384, 0031-9384 KW - Rats KW - Visual Cortex KW - Artifacts KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual KW - Animal KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory KW - Attention KW - Perceptual Masking KW - Male KW - Photic Stimulation KW - Electroencephalography KW - Acoustic Stimulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85270293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.atitle=Possible+confounding+effects+of+strobe+%22clicks%22+on+flash+evoked+potentials+in+rats.&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BVo%2C+K+T%3BKing%2C+D%3BBoyes%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.issn=00319384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Future of environmental pollution. AN - 85205212; pmid-8637755 AB - In recent years, the concept of pollution prevention has overtaken end-of-pipe controls as the paradigm of choice for effecting environmental protection. Through cooperative mechanisms, significant progress is being made to reduce or eliminate upstream processes and practices that can lead to downstream pollution. These efforts, coupled with productive interactions with the public, are making an impact. The Science Advisory Board released a report in January that described the "next wave" of pollution prevention. Specifically, the report described approaches for anticipating environmental problems of tomorrow so that preventive actions can be taken today. The potential of air pollution problems figures prominently in the Board's vision of the future. JF - Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery AU - Barnes, D G AD - Science Advisory Board, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 292 EP - 294 VL - 114 IS - 2 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - United States KW - Public Health KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Human KW - Risk Factors KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Forecasting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85205212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Future+of+environmental+pollution.&rft.au=Barnes%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution in the United States. AN - 85204582; pmid-8637744 JF - Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery AU - Nichols, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 253 EP - 254 VL - 114 IS - 2 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Human KW - Air Pollutants, Environmental KW - Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85204582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Nichols%2C+M&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A statistical survey of dioxin-like compounds in United States beef: a progress report. AN - 78522028; 8907224 AB - The USEPA and the USDA have completed the first statistically designed survey of the occurrence and concentration of CDDs and CDFs in the fat of beef animals raised for human consumption in the United States. Back fat was sampled from 63 carcasses at federally inspected slaughter establishments nationwide. The sample design called for sampling beef animal classes in proportion to national annual slaughter statistics. All samples were analyzed using a modification of EPA method 1613, using isotope dilution, High Resolution GC/MS to determine the rate of occurrence of 2,3,7,8-substituted CDDs/CDFS. The whole weight method detection limits ranged from 0.05 ng kg-1 for TCDD to 3 ng kg-1 for OCDD. The results of this survey showed a mean concentration (reported as I-TEQ, lipid adjusted) in U.S. beef animals of 0.35 ng kg-1 and 0.89 ng kg-1 when either non-detects are treated as 0 value or assigned a value of 1/2 the detection limit, respectively. JF - Chemosphere AU - Winters, D AU - Cleverly, D AU - Meier, K AU - Dupuy, A AU - Byrne, C AU - Deyrup, C AU - Ellis, R AU - Ferrario, J AU - Harless, R AU - Leese, W AU - Lorber, M AU - McDaniel, D AU - Schaum, J AU - Walcott, J AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 469 EP - 478 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Animals KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Cattle KW - United States Department of Agriculture KW - Dioxins -- analysis KW - Food Contamination -- statistics & numerical data KW - Meat -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78522028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=A+statistical+survey+of+dioxin-like+compounds+in+United+States+beef%3A+a+progress+report.&rft.au=Winters%2C+D%3BCleverly%2C+D%3BMeier%2C+K%3BDupuy%2C+A%3BByrne%2C+C%3BDeyrup%2C+C%3BEllis%2C+R%3BFerrario%2C+J%3BHarless%2C+R%3BLeese%2C+W%3BLorber%2C+M%3BMcDaniel%2C+D%3BSchaum%2C+J%3BWalcott%2C+J&rft.aulast=Winters&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-06 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2,4-Dithiobiuret in rats: cognitive facilitation after acute injection precedes motor impairment after repeated daily injections. AN - 78385620; 8833420 AB - 2,4-Dithiobiuret (DTB) is a sulfonated derivative of urea that is used as a reducing agent in chemical manufacture. Its low acute toxicity to rodents belies a peripherally mediated, delayed-onset muscle weakness which develops during repeated daily exposure. In experiment 1, a standard dose regimen of DTB (0.5 mg/kg per day IP for 5 days) was used to induce motor dysfunction as a way to dissociate peripheral and central influences on a test of cognitive and motor function in rats. Sixteen male rats were trained to perform a Delayed Matching-to-Position/Visual Discrimination (DMTP/VD) task which permits quantification of working memory (matching accuracy), reference memory (discrimination accuracy), and motor function (choice response latency and nosepoke inter-response time, IRT). The first dose of DTB significantly increased matching accuracy; during the following week, DTB reduced matching accuracy, increased choice response latency and nosepoke IRT, and reduced trial completion. Discrimination accuracy remained unaffected. Experiment 2 explored the effects of single administrations of DTB on DMTP/VD. Sixteen other trained rats were divided into two groups with equal matching accuracy. One group received DTB (0.5,1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg, IP) in separate injections at least 1 week apart; the other group received vehicle at the same times. Matching accuracy increased significantly in the treated rats and not in the controls following each dose of DTB. The magnitude of this increase was dose dependent, and lasted from 1 to 8 weeks after each injection. Discrimination accuracy, response latency, nosepoke IRT and trial completion remained unaffected throughout the study. After DTB, matching accuracy was less easily disrupted by scopolamine (0.1-0.3 mg/kg, IP). However, DTB did not alter the rats' response to reducing the distance between the response levers, to reversal of the matching rule to a nonmatching rule, or to challenge with MK-801 (0.05-0.10 mg/kg, IP). These data indicate that acute DTB causes a long-lasting facilitation of working memory in rats in the absence of any of the indications of motor impairment which follow repeated, daily injections of the chemical. JF - Psychopharmacology AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Oshiro, W M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 267 EP - 279 VL - 123 IS - 3 SN - 0033-3158, 0033-3158 KW - Thiourea KW - GYV9AM2QAG KW - 2,4-dithiobiuret KW - T40X2KXL53 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Animals KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Thiourea -- pharmacology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Thiourea -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78385620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=2%2C4-Dithiobiuret+in+rats%3A+cognitive+facilitation+after+acute+injection+precedes+motor+impairment+after+repeated+daily+injections.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BOshiro%2C+W+M&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology&rft.issn=00333158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-13 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity risk assessment: consensus building, hypothesis formulation, and focused research. AN - 78183335; 8744591 AB - Risk assessment for developmental toxicity has become more defined over the last decade and the most recent EPA guidelines for developmental toxicity risk assessment were published in 1991. Development of approaches for risk assessment in this area have relied on building of consensus opinion among experts about the interpretation of developmental toxicity data. These discussions have aided in strengthening the scientific basis for risk assessment for developmental toxicity, including the default assumptions that must be used when more complete information on mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetics are unavailable. Such discussions continue on both a national and international basis. The EPA risk assessment guidelines outlined several major areas of research needed to strengthen risk assessment for developmental toxicity and led to the formulation of hypotheses to be tested in focused research projects. Several major research efforts have focused on dose-related mechanisms and biologically based modeling of specific agents, physiologically based pharmacokinetic models of pregnancy that can be scaled across species, and the influence of dose and duration of exposure on developmental outcomes, as well as the delineation of specific biomarkers of adverse developmental effects. Although such research initiatives will require a long-term effort, it is important that attention be focused now on those approaches that can improve the risk assessment process to avoid continued reliance on default approaches that have been used for the past 30 years or more. The impact of the EPA Guidelines for Developmental Toxicity Risk Assessment has been widespread. One of the main purposes for developing risk assessment guidelines by EPA was to communicate procedures to risk assessors inside the agency in an effort to promote consistency. In addition, the guidelines were to communicate to those outside the agency in private industry and other regulatory agencies how EPA would evaluate and interpret data. The developmental toxicity guidelines have standardized terminology used in developmental toxicity risk assessments. They also have influenced the revision of testing guidelines and the writing of new guidelines, such as the developmental neurotoxicity testing guidelines. More extensive use of developmental toxicity data within the RfD/RfC process was influenced by the guidelines, as well. More recently, the risk assessment guidelines have had a major impact on the harmonization of international testing and risk assessment guidelines through cooperative efforts with the World Health Organization under the auspices of the International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). We foresee these types of interagency and international cooperative efforts continuing as we attempt to make more efficient use of the limited resources available for testing, risk assessment, and research to better understand and prevent developmental toxicity. JF - Drug metabolism reviews AU - Kimmel, C A AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment (8602), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 85 EP - 103 VL - 28 IS - 1-2 SN - 0360-2532, 0360-2532 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Developmental Disabilities -- chemically induced KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Child KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Child Development -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78183335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+risk+assessment%3A+consensus+building%2C+hypothesis+formulation%2C+and+focused+research.&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.issn=03602532&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution and current status of neurotoxicity risk assessment. AN - 78181456; 8744593 AB - The U.S. EPA neurotoxicity risk assessment guidelines define neurotoxicity as the capacity of chemical, biological, or physical agents to cause an adverse functional or structural change in the peripheral or central nervous system. Chemical-induced changes in the structure or persistent changes in behavior, neurochemistry, or neurophysiology of the nervous system are regarded as neurotoxic effects. Reversible effects occurring at doses that could endanger performance in the workplace, are associated with a known neurotoxicological mechanism of action, covary with a known neurotoxicological effect, or are latent effects uncovered by pharmacological or environmental challenge, could be considered to be neurotoxic effects. It should also be noted that even if a chemical-induced change in neurobiological function or structure does not meet the criteria established for a neurotoxic effect, the alteration could still be considered as adverse and used in a regulatory decision. Adverse effects detected by neurobiological procedures should not, however, necessarily lead to the conclusion that the chemical is a neurotoxicant. At the present time,the default RfD uncertainty factor approach is used for neurotoxicological data. A number of other safety factor approaches and quantitation dose-response models have been proposed for evaluating neurotoxicological data. However, a very limited number of comparisons have been made between the RfD approach and alternatives. In summary, neurotoxicity is one of several noncancer and points currently being used by regulatory agencies. The effective utilization of neurobiological measures to assess chemical-induced changes in the structure and function of the nervous system depends on properly designed studies and elimination of potential confounding variables that obscure interpretation of data from toxicological studies. JF - Drug metabolism reviews AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 121 EP - 139 VL - 28 IS - 1-2 SN - 0360-2532, 0360-2532 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Decision Trees KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Public Health -- standards KW - Male KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Neurotoxins -- adverse effects KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78181456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.atitle=Evolution+and+current+status+of+neurotoxicity+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.issn=03602532&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of the Delaney Clause in the EPA. AN - 78086424; 8672877 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency serves as the lead agency of the Federal government for the regulation of pesticide use in the United States. Regulatory responsibilities are mandated in the Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and several sections of the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA). In order for a pesticide to be used in the U.S., it must either be granted a full registration under Section 3, or offered special consideration under Section 18 or 24 of FIFRA. Tolerances (maximum allowable residue limits) for pesticides to be used on agricultural commodities meant for human consumption or animal feed are established under Sections 408 and/or 409 of FFDCA. This presentation will describe the underlying conflict between Section 409 of FFDCA and both Section 408 and FIFRA, the recommendations made by the National Academy of Sciences in its 1987 publication Regulating Pesticides in Food--The Delaney Paradox, EPA's attempts to implement these recommendations, the true impact of "Delaney" on the ability of EPA to grant tolerances on raw or processed foods for chemicals determined to meet the "induce cancer" criterion and the status of legislation designed to "fix" Delaney. JF - Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie AU - Fenner-Crisp, P A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., USA. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 199 EP - 200 VL - 48 IS - 2-3 SN - 0940-2993, 0940-2993 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Flavoring Agents KW - Food Additives KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Carcinogens -- standards KW - Flavoring Agents -- standards KW - Food Additives -- standards KW - Risk Assessment KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - United States Food and Drug Administration -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Pesticide Residues -- standards KW - Food Technology -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78086424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+and+toxicologic+pathology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Gesellschaft+fur+Toxikologische+Pathologie&rft.atitle=Impact+of+the+Delaney+Clause+in+the+EPA.&rft.au=Fenner-Crisp%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Fenner-Crisp&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+and+toxicologic+pathology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Gesellschaft+fur+Toxikologische+Pathologie&rft.issn=09402993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-15 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FAUNMAP; an electronic database for mapping changes in the distributions of late Quaternary mammals in the United States AN - 52857195; 1996-032349 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Graham, Russell W AU - Lundelius, Ernest L, Jr AU - Graham, Mary Ann AU - Schroeder, Erich K AU - Cloos, Mark Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 16 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Chordata KW - Quaternary KW - Mammalia KW - mapping KW - FAUNMAP KW - biogeography KW - distribution KW - Cenozoic KW - upper Quaternary KW - data bases KW - Vertebrata KW - Tetrapoda KW - changes KW - 11:Vertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52857195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=FAUNMAP%3B+an+electronic+database+for+mapping+changes+in+the+distributions+of+late+Quaternary+mammals+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Graham%2C+Russell+W%3BLundelius%2C+Ernest+L%2C+Jr%3BGraham%2C+Mary+Ann%3BSchroeder%2C+Erich+K%3BCloos%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 30th annual meeting of the Geological Society of America, South-Central Section and associated societies N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogeography; Cenozoic; changes; Chordata; data bases; distribution; FAUNMAP; Mammalia; mapping; Quaternary; Tetrapoda; United States; upper Quaternary; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capacity-building for restoring degraded areas of the Great Lakes Basin AN - 52811096; 1996-065016 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Law, N L AU - Hartig, J H AU - Epstein, D AU - Fuller, K AU - Letterhos, J AU - Krantzberg, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 75 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - methods KW - North America KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - habitat KW - dredging KW - beaches KW - planning KW - Great Lakes KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52811096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Capacity-building+for+restoring+degraded+areas+of+the+Great+Lakes+Basin&rft.au=Law%2C+N+L%3BHartig%2C+J+H%3BEpstein%2C+D%3BFuller%2C+K%3BLetterhos%2C+J%3BKrantzberg%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Law&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 31st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - beaches; dredging; ecosystems; Great Lakes; habitat; land use; methods; North America; planning; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Condition of New Mexico rangelands derived from multi-year AVHRR imagery and associated spatial variables AN - 52806778; 1996-070739 JF - Proceedings of the Thematic Conference on Geologic Remote Sensing AU - Lancaster, Judith AU - Wade, Timothy AU - Minor, Timothy AU - Whitford, Walter AU - Jones, Bruce Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - I.247 EP - I.256 PB - Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI VL - 11 SN - 1067-0106, 1067-0106 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - ecosystems KW - New Mexico KW - vegetation KW - satellite methods KW - AVHRR KW - spatial variations KW - infrared methods KW - surveys KW - ecology KW - landscapes KW - rangelands KW - land use KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52806778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Condition+of+New+Mexico+rangelands+derived+from+multi-year+AVHRR+imagery+and+associated+spatial+variables&rft.au=Lancaster%2C+Judith%3BWade%2C+Timothy%3BMinor%2C+Timothy%3BWhitford%2C+Walter%3BJones%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Lancaster&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=I.247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=10670106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh thematic conference on Applied geologic remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; AVHRR; ecology; ecosystems; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; imagery; infrared methods; land use; landscapes; New Mexico; rangelands; remote sensing; satellite methods; spatial variations; surveys; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stochastic properties of wavelet transformations AN - 52803336; 1996-070810 JF - Proceedings of the Thematic Conference on Geologic Remote Sensing AU - Yfantis, E A AU - Flatman, G T AU - Edmonds, C M Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - II.179 EP - II.187 PB - Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI VL - 11 SN - 1067-0106, 1067-0106 KW - high-resolution methods KW - wavelets KW - stochastic processes KW - mathematical methods KW - statistical analysis KW - transformations KW - remote sensing KW - covariance analysis KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52803336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Stochastic+properties+of+wavelet+transformations&rft.au=Yfantis%2C+E+A%3BFlatman%2C+G+T%3BEdmonds%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Yfantis&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=II.179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=10670106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh thematic conference on Applied geologic remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; covariance analysis; high-resolution methods; mathematical methods; remote sensing; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; transformations; wavelets ER - TY - JOUR T1 - White House, Congress rethink national earthquake strategy AN - 52764975; 1997-005691 JF - Geotimes AU - Applegate, David AU - Hitzman, Murray W Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 15 EP - 16 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - programs KW - geologic hazards KW - public policy KW - legislation KW - policy KW - earthquakes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52764975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=White+House%2C+Congress+rethink+national+earthquake+strategy&rft.au=Applegate%2C+David%3BHitzman%2C+Murray+W&rft.aulast=Applegate&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - earthquakes; geologic hazards; legislation; policy; programs; public policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater quality characterization in Ohio; a revised view of the ambient network component AN - 928893429; 2012-031882 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Bamberger, Mark J W A2 - Smath, Meg A2 - Rulo, Collie Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 97 EP - 98 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 41 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - wellhead protection KW - monitoring KW - sampling KW - drainage basins KW - pollution KW - water wells KW - Ohio KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/928893429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=Groundwater+quality+characterization+in+Ohio%3B+a+revised+view+of+the+ambient+network+component&rft.au=Bamberger%2C+Mark+J+W&rft.aulast=Bamberger&rft.aufirst=Mark+J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 41st annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drainage basins; ground water; monitoring; Ohio; pollution; sampling; United States; water quality; water wells; wellhead protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground water response requirements under Ohio's voluntary action program AN - 928893421; 2012-031839 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Patzke, Jeff A2 - Smath, Meg A2 - Rulo, Collie Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 21 EP - 22 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 41 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - programs KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Ohio KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/928893421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=Ground+water+response+requirements+under+Ohio%27s+voluntary+action+program&rft.au=Patzke%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Patzke&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 41st annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; Ohio; pollution; programs; regulations; remediation; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maturational differences in chlorpyrifos-oxonase activity may contribute to age-related sensitivity to chlorpyrifos. AN - 78749903; 9265078 AB - Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a commonly used cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticide, is lethal at much lower doses to young animals than adults. To explain this higher sensitivity in younger animals, we hypothesized that young rats have less chlorpyrifos-oxonase (CPFOase) activity than adults. To test this hypothesis, CPFOase activity was measured in the brain, plasma, and liver of male, postnatal day 4 (PND4) and adult (PND90) Long-Evans rats. CPFOase is biochemically defined as a Ca(2+)-dependent A-esterase that hydrolyzes chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPFO), the active metabolite of CPE. No brain CPFOase activity was detected at either age. Plasma and liver CPFOase activities were markedly lower at PND4 compared to adult: PND4 plasma and liver CPFOase activities were 1/11 and 1/2 the adult plasma and liver activities, respectively. Because the Km of CPFOase activity was high (i.e., 210-380 microM), it was important to determine if this CPFOase activity could hydrolyze physiologically relevant concentrations (i.e., nM to low microM) of CPFO. This was accomplished by comparing the shifts in the tissue acetylcholinesterase (AChE) IC50 for CPFO in the presence or absence of CPFOase activity. One would expect an increase in the "apparent" IC50 if CPFOase hydrolyzes substantial amounts of CPFO during the 30 minutes the tissue is preincubated with the CPFO. In the adult, both plasma and liver AChE apparent IC50 values were higher in the presence of CPFOase activity, suggesting that the CPFOase in those tissues was capable of hydrolyzing physiologically relevant concentrations of CPFO within 30 minutes. In young animals, however, there was less of a shift in the IC50 curves compared to the adult, confirming that the young animal has less capacity than the adult to detoxify physiologically relevant concentrations of CPFO via CPFOase. JF - Journal of biochemical toxicology AU - Mortensen, S R AU - Chanda, S M AU - Hooper, M J AU - Padilla, S AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 279 EP - 287 VL - 11 IS - 6 SN - 0887-2082, 0887-2082 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Esterases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - chlorpyrifos-oxonase KW - EC 3.1.8.- KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Kinetics KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Esterases -- metabolism KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- metabolism KW - Esterases -- blood KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- blood KW - Brain -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78749903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Maturational+differences+in+chlorpyrifos-oxonase+activity+may+contribute+to+age-related+sensitivity+to+chlorpyrifos.&rft.au=Mortensen%2C+S+R%3BChanda%2C+S+M%3BHooper%2C+M+J%3BPadilla%2C+S&rft.aulast=Mortensen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.issn=08872082&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Visual contrast sensitivity deficits in Bohemian children. AN - 78716923; 9086482 AB - Visual contrast sensitivity (VCS) tests have been used successfully in medical diagnosis and subclinical neurotoxicity detection. This paper reports VCS measurements in three studies of children in the Czech Republic. Study 1 compared children in standard schools and schools for the learning disabled. Studies 2 and 3 compared children in Teplice, an area in which soft-brown coal combustion produced high levels of pollutants (e.g. Hg, As, SO2, NOx, and aromatic hydrocarbons), with children in areas of low air pollution, Znojmo and/or Prachatice. It was hypothesized that in utero exposure to the combustion products disrupted neurological development (Sram, 1991). The VCS test (Stereo Optical Co.) consisted of circular fields containing sinusoidal gratings at 5 spatial frequencies (1.5-18 cycles/degree) and various levels of contrast. Subjects indicated orientation of the gratings by pointing left, up, or right. Visual acuity and VCS were measured in each eye of 74 children in Study 1,327 second-grade children in Study 2, and 426 fourth-grade children in Study 3. Hair samples were collected in Studies 2 and 3 analyzed for Hg and As content. Children attending schools for the learning disabled scored significantly lower than controls on VCS, whereas visual acuity was normal. The deficit was greatest at mid- to high spatial frequency. In Study 2, significant VCS deficits were seen in exposed second-grade children at low to mid-spatial frequency, even though visual acuity was slightly above control level. Regression analyses showed that VCS had no relationship to As, but a significant negative correlation with hair Hg was observed in the exposed district. However, current Hg levels were higher in Prachatice. VCS deficits were not observed in the fourth-grade students of Teplice in Study 3. The results of Study 1 indicated that behavioral VCS testing in field studies is practical in young, non-English speaking children, and suggested that vision may be compromised in learning-disabled children. Studies 2 and 3 indicated that at these levels, current Hg body-burdens are poor predictors of VCS. If the VCS deficits seen in Study 2 were related to prenatal exposures, the results of Study 3 suggest that they represent a developmental delay. A longitudinal-study design is needed to address this issue. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Skalik, I AU - Otto, D AU - House, D AU - Subrt, P AU - Sram, R AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, RTP, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 615 EP - 628 VL - 17 IS - 3-4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Index Medicus KW - Czech Republic KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Male KW - Female KW - Learning Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Contrast Sensitivity -- physiology KW - Visual Acuity -- physiology KW - Color Perception -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78716923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Visual+contrast+sensitivity+deficits+in+Bohemian+children.&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BSkalik%2C+I%3BOtto%2C+D%3BHouse%2C+D%3BSubrt%2C+P%3BSram%2C+R&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-23 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - One-stop shopping: the Hazardous Substances Data Bank. AN - 78692457; 10164468 JF - Medical reference services quarterly AU - Prasek, M AD - Environmental Response Center, Roy F. Weston, Inc., Edison, NJ 08837, USA. prasek.margaret@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 41 EP - 56 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0276-3869, 0276-3869 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Health administration KW - United States KW - National Library of Medicine (U.S.) KW - Humans KW - Information Storage and Retrieval KW - MEDLARS KW - Databases, Factual UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78692457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+reference+services+quarterly&rft.atitle=One-stop+shopping%3A+the+Hazardous+Substances+Data+Bank.&rft.au=Prasek%2C+M&rft.aulast=Prasek&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+reference+services+quarterly&rft.issn=02763869&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpretation of short-term test data: implications for assessment of chemopreventive activity. AN - 78544888; 8923041 AB - The same short-term tests that have been used extensively to identify mutagens and potential carcinogens are increasingly being used to identify antimutagens and potential anticarcinogens. It is not yet known whether the inhibition of carcinogen-induced mutation is a good indicator of anticarcinogenicity, as the available data on the inhibition of both carcinogenicity and mutagenicity In vivo are still quite incomplete. Furthermore, in vitro tests will detect only those compounds that show an effect that is demonstrable in vitro, such as direct inhibition of the metabolism of the carcinogen or inactivation of the carcinogen by direct reaction. Thus it is essential to confirm putative antimutagenic activity observed in vitro through the use of animal models. Indeed, the interpretation of antimutagenicity data from short-term tests must be subjected to all of the considerations that apply in the interpretation of mutagenicity test results. Moreover, the experimental variable of the antimutagens used must be considered in addition to the variables of the mutagens and short-term tests used. To analyse published results on antimutagens in short-term tests, we have developed the concept of activity profile listings and plots for antimutagens - an approach already used successfully for mutagenicity data. The activity profiles permit rapid visualization of considerable data and experimental parameters, including the inhibition as well as enhancement of mutagenic activity. Here we focus on the use of this methodology to interpret antimutagenicity data for retinol and chlorophyllin against several classes of mutagens in short-term tests. JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Waters, M D AU - Stack, H F AU - Jackson, M A AU - Brockman, H E AD - US Environmental protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 313 EP - 332 IS - 139 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Chemoprevention -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78544888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Interpretation+of+short-term+test+data%3A+implications+for+assessment+of+chemopreventive+activity.&rft.au=Waters%2C+M+D%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BJackson%2C+M+A%3BBrockman%2C+H+E&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=139&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water-borne pollutants. AN - 78440383; 8871680 JF - Arctic medical research AU - Johansson, N AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 6 EP - 12 VL - 55 Suppl 1 SN - 0782-226X, 0782-226X KW - Sewage KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Sewage -- statistics & numerical data KW - Humans KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- statistics & numerical data KW - Sweden UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78440383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arctic+medical+research&rft.atitle=Water-borne+pollutants.&rft.au=Johansson%2C+N&rft.aulast=Johansson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=55+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arctic+medical+research&rft.issn=0782226X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the MDCK cell line for screening neurotoxicants. AN - 78420982; 8856739 AB - The adoption of cell culture models to screen putative neurotoxicants is recognized in view of the consequences of nerve damage by environmental chemicals. Developing cell culture models that mimic certain properties of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) would be especially useful in view of the barrier's strategic role in the neurotoxic process. The present study evaluates a kidney epithelial cell line for its functional and enzymatic resemblance to cerebral endothelial cells. Madin-Darby canine kidney (i.e., MDCK) cells display morphological (i.e., ultrastructurally defined tight junctions), enzymatic (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase), and antigenic cell markers (i.e., Factor VIII), also found in cerebral endothelial cells. In addition, MDCK cells develop electrical resistance which is increased in response to conditioned media from astroglial cell lines (i.e., C6). These results suggest that the MDCK cell line might be useful for identifying neurotoxic chemicals that affect BBB integrity through similar endpoints. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Veronesi, B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health Effects and Environmental Research Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 433 EP - 443 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Factor VIII KW - 9001-27-8 KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Coculture Techniques KW - Animals KW - Glioma -- pathology KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Cell Line -- drug effects KW - Dogs KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Glioma -- ultrastructure KW - Kidney -- ultrastructure KW - Factor VIII -- analysis KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- analysis KW - Blood-Brain Barrier -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78420982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+MDCK+cell+line+for+screening+neurotoxicants.&rft.au=Veronesi%2C+B&rft.aulast=Veronesi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-29 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on influenza virus host resistance in mice. AN - 78388917; 8838638 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) causes numerous immunotoxic effects including thymic involution and an immunosuppression of nonspecific as well as specific cell- and humoral-mediated immunity. TCDD administration to laboratory animals also results in a decreased resistance to numerous bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Effects on virus host resistance appear to be among the most sensitive effects of TCDD immunotoxicity. However, previous studies have not achieved a no effect level. The present studies utilized an influenza virus host resistance model in mice to quantify the sensitivity of this model to TCDD and to determine the NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) of TCDD for influenza virus. Results indicated that a single dose of TCDD at 0.10, 0.05, or 0.01 microgram/kg resulted in an increased mortality to Hong Kong influenza virus when mice were challenged 7 days after TCDD administration. Increased mortality was not correlated with increased virus titers in the lungs. TCDD at 0.005 or 0.001 micrograms/kg had no effect on influenza-induced mortality. TCDD alone did not affect thymus weight at any dose administered in this study. TCDD also did not alter the virus-enhanced increase in lung weight:body weight ratio nor the virus-induced decrease in thymus weight. Thus, low levels of TCDD exposure lead to enhanced mortality to influenza virus; however, the mechanism of this effect remains to be elucidated. Nonetheless, enhanced mortality to influenza virus in mice following a single dose of 10 ng TCDD/kg represents the most sensitive adverse effect yet reported for TCDD. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Burleson, G R AU - Lebrec, H AU - Yang, Y G AU - Ibanes, J D AU - Pennington, K N AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 40 EP - 47 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Survival Rate KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Disease Susceptibility -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- virology KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Influenza A virus -- isolation & purification KW - Immunity, Innate -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- administration & dosage KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections -- virology KW - Influenza A virus -- pathogenicity KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78388917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+on+influenza+virus+host+resistance+in+mice.&rft.au=Burleson%2C+G+R%3BLebrec%2C+H%3BYang%2C+Y+G%3BIbanes%2C+J+D%3BPennington%2C+K+N%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Burleson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration in rat cerebellum by polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures and congeners. Structure-activity relationships. AN - 78364851; 8825671 AB - Recent studies from our laboratory indicate that polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in vitro perturbed signal transduction mechanisms including cellular Ca2+-homeostasis and protein kinase C translocation. We have now investigated the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of three PCB mixtures, 24 PCB congeners and one dibenzofuran for their effects on microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration in rat cerebellum. Ca2+-sequestration by these intracellular organelles was determined using radioactive 45CaCl2. All three mixtures studied, Aroclor 1016, Aroclor 1254 and Aroclor 1260, were equally potent in inhibiting microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration with IC50 values of 6-8 microM. 1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran had no effect on Ca2+-sequestration by these organelles. The SAR among the congeners revealed: (1) congeners with ortho-/meta- or ortho-, para-chlorine substitutions were the most potent in inhibiting microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration (IC50 = 2.4-22.3 microM); (2) congeners with only para- but without ortho-substitutions were not effective in inhibiting Ca2+-sequestration by microsomes and mitochondria; (3) increased chlorination was not related to the effectiveness of these congeners. The present SAR studies indicate that the effects of most PCB congeners in vitro may be related to an interaction at specific sites having preference for low lateral substitution or lateral content (meta- or para) in the presence of ortho-substitution. JF - Archives of toxicology AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Ward, T R AU - McKinney, J D AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 150 EP - 157 VL - 70 IS - 3-4 SN - 0340-5761, 0340-5761 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Male KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Calcium -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Cerebellum -- ultrastructure KW - Microsomes -- ultrastructure KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Mitochondria -- ultrastructure KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Microsomes -- metabolism KW - Mitochondria -- drug effects KW - Mitochondria -- metabolism KW - Microsomes -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78364851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+microsomal+and+mitochondrial+Ca2%2B-sequestration+in+rat+cerebellum+by+polychlorinated+biphenyl+mixtures+and+congeners.+Structure-activity+relationships.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.issn=03405761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-10 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of hydrocarbon-degrading microbial populations by a 96-well plate most-probable-number procedure. AN - 78356625; 8820018 AB - A 96-well microtiter plate most-probable-number (MPN) procedure was developed to enumerate hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms. The performance of this method, which uses number 2 fuel oil (F2) as the selective growth substrate and reduction of iodonitrotetrazolium violet (INT) to detect positive wells, was evaluated by comparison with an established 24-well microtiter plate MPN procedure (the Sheen Screen), which uses weathered North Slope crude oil as the selective substrate and detects positive wells by emulsification or dispersion of the oil. Both procedures gave similar estimates of the hydrocarbon-degrader population densities in several oil-degrading enrichment cultures and sand samples from a variety of coastal sites. Although several oils were effective substrates for the 96-well procedure, the combination of F2 with INT was best, because the color change associated with INT reduction was more easily detected in the small wells than was disruption of the crude oil slick. The method's accuracy was evaluated by comparing hydrocarbon-degrader MPNs with heterotrophic plate counts for several pure and mixed cultures. For some organisms, it seems likely that a single cell cannot initiate sufficient growth to produce a positive result. Thus, this and other hydrocarbon-degrader MPN procedures might underestimate the hydrocarbon-degrading population, even for culturable organisms. JF - Journal of industrial microbiology AU - Haines, J R AU - Wrenn, B A AU - Holder, E L AU - Strohmeier, K L AU - Herrington, R T AU - Venosa, A D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 36 EP - 41 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0169-4146, 0169-4146 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Biotechnology KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Colony Count, Microbial -- methods KW - Bacteria -- growth & development KW - Hydrocarbons -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78356625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+industrial+microbiology&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+hydrocarbon-degrading+microbial+populations+by+a+96-well+plate+most-probable-number+procedure.&rft.au=Haines%2C+J+R%3BWrenn%2C+B+A%3BHolder%2C+E+L%3BStrohmeier%2C+K+L%3BHerrington%2C+R+T%3BVenosa%2C+A+D&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+industrial+microbiology&rft.issn=01694146&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity studies of epichlorohydrin in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 78312969; 8804552 AB - Adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received epichlorohydrin via gavage in distilled water for 10 consecutive days at dose levels of 3, 7, 19, and 46 mg/kg-day, and for 90 days at dose levels of 1, 5, and 25 mg/kg-day. Epichlorohydrin did not adversely effect mortality, but toxicity, at the higher doses, was evident by: 1) losses in body weight gain and organ weights, 2) reductions in food and water consumption, and 3) in the hematological and microscopic examinations in both study periods. Significant decreases in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels were found in the high dose level in males after 10 and 90 days. Dose-related increases in kidney and liver weights were observed in both sexes at 25 mg/kg-day in the 90-day study and in various organs for both 19 and 46 mg/kg-day in the 10-day study. Histopathological examination identified the forestomach as the primary target organ for both sexes and in both studies with significant dose-related increases in mucosal hyperplasia (acanthosis) and hyperkeratosis. Based on the data presented, a lowest observable adverse effect level (LOAEL) for oral exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats to epichlorohydrin is 3 mg/kg-day for 10 days and 1 mg/kg-day is suggested as the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for a 90 day oral exposure. These conclusions were the same whether the lesions were analyzed for each sex individually or whether the data in each study was pooled. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Olson, G R AU - Page, N P AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 41 EP - 58 VL - 19 IS - 1-2 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Solvents KW - Epichlorohydrin KW - 08OOR508C0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Weight Gain -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Blood Chemical Analysis KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Testis -- growth & development KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Animal Feed KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- growth & development KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Epichlorohydrin -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Epichlorohydrin -- toxicity KW - Solvents -- administration & dosage KW - Stomach -- abnormalities KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Stomach -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78312969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+studies+of+epichlorohydrin+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BPage%2C+N+P&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risks from occupational and dietary exposure to mevinphos. AN - 78276760; 8714219 AB - Mevinphos (trade name, Phosdrin), a category 1 organophosphorus insecticide, has been used mainly as a cleanup pesticide for vegetable crops. A risk assessment for occupational and dietary exposure to mevinphos was initiated because of the high acute toxicity of the compound. Repetitive dosing with mevinphos did not cause any discernible histopathological effects in mice or rats, nor was it oncogenic in either species. The principal toxic effects of mevinphos, both short- and long term, were due to inhibition of cholinesterase activity. Consequently, potential adverse effects from short-term exposures were the primary concern. A human no-observed-effect level (0.025 mg/kg) for cholinergic signs was used as the regulatory basis for calculating margins of safety (MOSs) for potential acute dietary and short-term occupational exposures. Estimates of exposure to mixer/loaders, pilots, and flaggers associated with aerial application of mevinphos were based on passive dosimetry. Because no acceptable exposure studies for work tasks associated with ground application of mevinphos were available, surrogate data based on ground application of oxydemeton-methyl were used. Exposure estimates for field workers and harvesters relied on measured dislodgeable foliar residues of mevinphos and transfer factors generated from studies of other active ingredients. MOSs for mean acute occupational exposure of mixer/loader/applicators associated with ground application and of harvesters working in fruit trees were less than the value conventionally recommended to protect people from the toxic effects of mevinphos. MOSs for the 95th percentile of short-term worker exposure for all mixer/loader work categories associated with mevinphos application were also inadequate. Calculated MOSs for potential acute dietary exposure to measured residue levels of mevinphos were adequate for the various population subgroups. However, 25 of the USEPA tolerances for mevinphos on agricultural commodities were not adequate to protect for the toxic effects of mevinphos from theoretical acute dietary exposure to one or more population subgroups if commodities are consumed with residues at the tolerance level. When the mean short-term occupational exposures were combined with potential acute dietary exposure, the MOSs for mixer/loaders engaged in aerial applications, as well as ground applications, were inadequate to protect people from the toxic effects of mevinphos. As mitigation of the estimated excessive occupational exposures did not appear possible, both California and the USEPA were preparing to cancel registration of the product. However, an agreement was worked out between the manufacturer and the two agencies that ended production for domestic use but allowed existing stocks in the channels of trade to continue to be used for a limited period. JF - Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Cochran, R C AU - Formoli, T A AU - Silva, M H AU - Kellner, T P AU - Lewis, C M AU - Pfeifer, K F AD - Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 95814-5624, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 24 VL - 146 SN - 0179-5953, 0179-5953 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Mevinphos KW - 7786-34-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Mevinphos -- adverse effects KW - Mevinphos -- toxicity KW - Diet -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78276760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Risks+from+occupational+and+dietary+exposure+to+mevinphos.&rft.au=Cochran%2C+R+C%3BFormoli%2C+T+A%3BSilva%2C+M+H%3BKellner%2C+T+P%3BLewis%2C+C+M%3BPfeifer%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Cochran&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=01795953&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of structure-activity relationships derived from two methods for estimating octanol-water partition coefficients. AN - 78272847; 8751818 AB - This study examines several established linear relationships between 96-hour acute toxicity to fish (as log LC50) and octanol-water partition coefficient (as log Kow) with regard to the effect of using a different method of calculating log Kow. For all seven classes of compounds examined here, the linear equation parameters, viz., slope, intercept, r2, and standard error of the estimated log LC50, were about the same for the two methods. As expected, the accuracies of predictions for individual compounds were often different for the two methods, but seldom remarkably so. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Cash, G G AU - Clements, R G AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Health and Environmental Review Division, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 113 EP - 124 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Acrylates KW - 0 KW - Octanols KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Fishes KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Acrylates -- chemistry KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Acrylates -- toxicity KW - Solubility KW - Octanols -- chemistry KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78272847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+structure-activity+relationships+derived+from+two+methods+for+estimating+octanol-water+partition+coefficients.&rft.au=Cash%2C+G+G%3BClements%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Cash&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution and mortality: results from a study of Santiago, Chile. AN - 78129416; 8777376 AB - In 1986, the U.S. EPA issued an air quality standard for particulate matter that included only particulates below 10 microns in diameter (PM10). Unfortunately, epidemiological research investigating the health effects associated with PM10 has been limited by the lack of available daily data from outdoor monitoring stations. Evidence of high concentrations of PM10 in Eastern Europe and in metropolitan areas such as Mexico City and Santiago, Chile underscores the need to evaluate the association between air pollution and mortality. Over the last few years, daily measures of ambient PM10 have been collected in Santiago. Our analysis examines the relationship between PM10 and daily mortality between 1989 and 1991. In addition to total daily mortality, the data were compiled to record total mortality for all males, all females, and those over 65, and mortality from either respiratory disease or cardiovascular disease. Multiple regression analysis was used to explain mortality, with particular attention to controlling for the influence of season and temperature. The results suggest a strong association between PM10 and all of the alternative measures of mortality. The association persists after controlling for daily minimum temperature and binary variables indicating temperature extremes, the day of the week, the month, and the year. Additional sensitivity analyses suggest a fairly robust relationship. In general, a 10 micrograms/m3 change in daily PM10 was associated with a 1% increase in mortality. This relative risk is consistent with the results of recent studies undertaken in the United States. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Ostro, B AU - Sanchez, J M AU - Aranda, C AU - Eskeland, G S AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 97 EP - 114 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Dust KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Weather KW - Chile -- epidemiology KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Linear Models KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Mortality KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Dust -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78129416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+and+mortality%3A+results+from+a+study+of+Santiago%2C+Chile.&rft.au=Ostro%2C+B%3BSanchez%2C+J+M%3BAranda%2C+C%3BEskeland%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-19 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer risk assessment: evolution of the process. AN - 78101181; 8778755 JF - Preventive medicine AU - Farland, W H AD - Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 24 EP - 25 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0091-7435, 0091-7435 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical KW - Risk Assessment KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78101181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Preventive+medicine&rft.atitle=Cancer+risk+assessment%3A+evolution+of+the+process.&rft.au=Farland%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Farland&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Preventive+medicine&rft.issn=00917435&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population toxicokinetics of tetrachloroethylene. AN - 78092406; 8975633 AB - In assessing the distribution and metabolism of toxic compounds in the body, measurements are not always feasible for ethical or technical reasons. Computer modeling offers a reasonable alternative, but the variability and complexity of biological systems pose unique challenges in model building and adjustment. Recent tools from population pharmacokinetics, Bayesian statistical inference, and physiological modeling can be brought together to solve these problems. As an example, we modeled the distribution and metabolism of tetrachloroethylene (PERC) in humans. We derive statistical distributions for the parameters of a physiological model of PERC, on the basis of data from Monster et al. (1979). The model adequately fits both prior physiological information and experimental data. An estimate of the relationship between PERC exposure and fraction metabolized is obtained. Our median population estimate for the fraction of inhaled tetrachloroethylene that is metabolized, at exposure levels exceeding current occupational standards, is 1.5% [95% confidence interval (0.52%, 4.1%)]. At levels approaching ambient inhalation exposure (0.001 ppm), the median estimate of the fraction metabolized is much higher, at 36% [95% confidence interval (15%, 58%)]. This disproportionality should be taken into account when deriving safe exposure limits for tetrachloroethylene and deserves to be verified by further experiments. JF - Archives of toxicology AU - Bois, F Y AU - Gelman, A AU - Jiang, J AU - Maszle, D R AU - Zeise, L AU - Alexeef, G AD - Cal/EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 347 EP - 355 VL - 70 IS - 6 SN - 0340-5761, 0340-5761 KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- pharmacokinetics KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- metabolism KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- toxicity KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78092406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Population+toxicokinetics+of+tetrachloroethylene.&rft.au=Bois%2C+F+Y%3BGelman%2C+A%3BJiang%2C+J%3BMaszle%2C+D+R%3BZeise%2C+L%3BAlexeef%2C+G&rft.aulast=Bois&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.issn=03405761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-31 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of electrochemical immunosensors to environmental monitoring. AN - 78058891; 8639278 AB - This paper discusses basic electrochemical immunoassay technology. Factors limiting the practical application of antibodies to analytical problems are also presented. It addresses the potential use of immunoassay methods based on electrochemical detection for the analysis of environmental samples. It provides examples for the detection and quantitation of environmental samples using conducting electroactive polymers (CEPs). CEP-based immunosensing systems are compared with conventional environmental immunoassay procedures. The advantages of using these types of sensors for rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective analysis of pesticides and toxic chemicals are analysed and discussed. CEP-based immunosensing technology might eventually be used for continuous monitoring of effluents such as waste streams to determine compliance with regulations. CEP-based sensors are suitable for monitoring ground-water, waste stream effluents, agricultural run-offs and for monitoring the effectiveness of remediation, or for other situations where a real-time monitoring capability is desired. JF - Biosensors & bioelectronics AU - Sadik, O A AU - Van Emon, J M AD - US-EPA/National Exposure Research Laboratory/CRD, Las Vegas, Nevada 89193-3478, USA sadik_omowunmi@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - i EP - xi VL - 11 IS - 8 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - Index Medicus KW - Electrochemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Immunoassay KW - Biosensing Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78058891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Applications+of+electrochemical+immunosensors+to+environmental+monitoring.&rft.au=Sadik%2C+O+A%3BVan+Emon%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Sadik&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=i&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vivo genotoxicity of dichloroacetic acid: evaluation with the mouse peripheral blood micronucleus assay and the single cell gel assay. AN - 77992529; 8625942 AB - Chlorination is a widely used method for disinfection of drinking water supplies. Reaction of chlorine with naturally present organic compounds can result in toxic by-products. One major disinfection by-product from the chlorination of drinking water is dichloroacetic acid (DCA). This chemical has been shown to be carcinogenic in rodents, yet little genotoxicity data are available to assess the possible role of DNA and/or chromosomal damage in this process. We have used the peripheral blood erythrocyte micronucleus (MN) assay and the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCG) technique to investigate the in vivo genotoxicity of DCA in bone marrow and blood leukocytes, respectively. The MN assay detects chromosome breakage and/or malsegregation, while the SCG assay detects DNA damage (e.g., single strand breaks, alkali-labile sites, crosslinking). Mice were exposed to this compound in drinking water, available ad libitum, for up to 31 weeks. Our results show a small but statistically significant dose-related increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) after subchronic exposure to DCA for 9 days. In addition, at the highest dose of DCA tested (3.5 g/l), a small but significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) was detected following exposure for > or = 10 weeks. Coadministration of the antioxidant vitamin E did not affect the ability of DCA to induce this damage, indicating that the small induction of MN by DCA was probably not due to oxidative damage. Based on the lack of any difference observed in the proportion of kinetochore-positive micronuclei between the treated and control animals, we interpret MN as arising from clastogenic events. The SCG technique suggested the presence of DNA crosslinking in blood leukocytes in mice exposed to 3.5 g/l DCA for 28 days. These data provide evidence that DCA may be an extremely weak inducer of chromosome damage when provided to mice in drinking water under conditions which lead to increased levels of tumors. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Fuscoe, J C AU - Afshari, A J AU - George, M H AU - DeAngelo, A B AU - Tice, R R AU - Salman, T AU - Allen, J W AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Antioxidants KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Vitamin E KW - 1406-18-4 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Kinetochores -- drug effects KW - Water Supply KW - Mice KW - Leukocytes -- drug effects KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Antioxidants -- pharmacology KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Electrophoresis, Agar Gel KW - Vitamin E -- pharmacology KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - DNA Damage KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77992529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=In+vivo+genotoxicity+of+dichloroacetic+acid%3A+evaluation+with+the+mouse+peripheral+blood+micronucleus+assay+and+the+single+cell+gel+assay.&rft.au=Fuscoe%2C+J+C%3BAfshari%2C+A+J%3BGeorge%2C+M+H%3BDeAngelo%2C+A+B%3BTice%2C+R+R%3BSalman%2C+T%3BAllen%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Fuscoe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the recoveries of Escherichia coli and total coliforms from drinking water by the MI agar method and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-approved membrane filter method. AN - 77956838; 8572697 AB - Drinking water regulations under the Final Coliform Rule require that total coliform-positive drinking water samples be examined for the presence of Escherichia coli or fecal coliforms. The current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-approved membrane filter (MF) method for E. coli requires two media, an MF transfer, and a total incubation time of 28 h. A newly developed MF method, the MI agar method, containing indoxyl-beta-D-glucuronide and 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside for the simultaneous detection of E. coli and total coliforms, respectively, by means of their specific enzyme reactions, was compared with the approved method by the use of wastewater-spiked tap water samples. Overall, weighted analysis of variance (significance level, 0.05) showed that the new medium recoveries of total coliforms and E. coli were significantly higher than those of mEndo agar and nutrient agar plus MUG (4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide), respectively, and the background counts were significantly lower than those of mEndo agar (< 5%). Generally, the tap water source, overall chlorine level, wastewater source, granular activated carbon treatment of the tap water, and method of grouping data by E. coli count for statistical analysis did not affect the performance of the new medium. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Brenner, K P AU - Rankin, C C AU - Sivaganesan, M AU - Scarpino, P V AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 203 EP - 208 VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Galactosides KW - 0 KW - Glucuronates KW - Indoles KW - indoxyl glucuronide KW - 35804-66-1 KW - Hymecromone KW - 3T5NG4Q468 KW - Chlorine KW - 4R7X1O2820 KW - 4-methylumbelliferyl-galactopyranoside KW - 6160-78-7 KW - Agar KW - 9002-18-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Micropore Filters KW - Analysis of Variance KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Hymecromone -- analogs & derivatives KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid KW - Water Supply KW - Colony Count, Microbial -- methods KW - Enterobacteriaceae -- isolation & purification KW - Escherichia coli -- isolation & purification KW - Water Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77956838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+recoveries+of+Escherichia+coli+and+total+coliforms+from+drinking+water+by+the+MI+agar+method+and+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency-approved+membrane+filter+method.&rft.au=Brenner%2C+K+P%3BRankin%2C+C+C%3BSivaganesan%2C+M%3BScarpino%2C+P+V&rft.aulast=Brenner&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Appl Bacteriol. 1974 Mar;37(1):45-57 [4211091] Adv Appl Microbiol. 1978;23:219-43 [28641] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1980 Nov;40(5):922-30 [7447444] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Aug;50(2):412-9 [3901920] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 Nov;59(11):3534-44 [8285660] J Appl Bacteriol. 1989 Sep;67(3):343-6 [2693426] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Jan;56(1):54-64 [2106827] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Nov;56(11):3558-64 [2268162] Soc Appl Bacteriol Symp Ser. 1991;20:115S-120S [1887264] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1986 Jan;51(1):1-5 [3513698] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of artificial sediments in a comparative toxicity study with larvae and postlarvae of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. AN - 77941997; 15091351 AB - An artificial sediment was tested for use in evaluating the potential hazard of toxicants on benthic organisms. The seawater-sediment system was assessed by use of the pyrethroid insecticide, fenvalerate, as the model toxicant for testing with larvae of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, an ecologically important estuarine species. The sediment was prepared from commercially available components, and mixed with the toxicant to provide concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 microg fenvalerate kg(-1) dry sediment in 20 ppt seawater. Sediment free of the insecticide served as the control. Throughout the study, fenvalerate was not detected in the water column, but was measured in sediment at the nominal concentration of 100 microg kg(-1). The P. pugio population was adversely affected by fenvalerate. The effect occurred at metamorphosis, when larvae changed from pelagic individuals to benthic organisms. At this period, larvae were in direct contact with sediment. A portion of the population was tolerant of the insecticide. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Weber, D E AU - McKenney, C L AU - MacGregor, M A AU - Celestial, D M AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 129 EP - 133 VL - 93 IS - 2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77941997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Use+of+artificial+sediments+in+a+comparative+toxicity+study+with+larvae+and+postlarvae+of+the+grass+shrimp%2C+Palaemonetes+pugio.&rft.au=Weber%2C+D+E%3BMcKenney%2C+C+L%3BMacGregor%2C+M+A%3BCelestial%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-24 N1 - Date created - 2004-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urinary 2-Thiothiazolidine-4-Carboxylic Acid (TTCA) as the Major Urinary Marker of Carbon Disulfide Vapor Exposure in Rats AN - 760216092; 13641641 AB - Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g; 60 per exposure group) were exposed to carbon disulfide (CS2) air concentrations of 0, 50, 150, and 500 ppm(vlv) for 6 hrlday, 5 days/week over six months. Following the exposures, nine rats from each exposure group had four sets of cumulated urines collected (between 0-8, 8-16, 16-24, and 24-48 hr). The urinary parameters measured were: 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA), total thioethers (TE), and the compounds responsive to the iodine-azide (IA) test. Urinary TTCA elimination obeyed pseudo-first-order, one-compartment model kinetics of half-time (t sub(0.5)) 5.2 +/- 0.3 hr up to 16 hr of collection. The elimination of TE within 16 hr had a t sub( 0.5) of 8.5 +/- 0.6 hr. TTCA, IA, and TE were correlated highly in the first 16 hr. After 16 hr, the to.5 for TE lengthened to 13. 1 hr. At CS2 concentrations of 50, 150, and 500 ppm, the respective t sub( 0.5) for IA-responsive compounds were 12.6, 6.1, and 4.4 hr. TTCA had the highest correlation coefficient and p-valuerelative to CS2 exposure concentration, and also was the most sensitive, precise, and selective urinary marker. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Cox, Clinton AU - Que Hee, Shane S AU - Lynch, Dennis W AD - Department of Environmental Health University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory Montgomery, Alabama Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - Jan 1996 SP - 81 EP - 92 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Carbon disulfide KW - Vapors KW - Urine KW - Kinetics KW - thioethers KW - Models KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760216092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Urinary+2-Thiothiazolidine-4-Carboxylic+Acid+%28TTCA%29+as+the+Major+Urinary+Marker+of+Carbon+Disulfide+Vapor+Exposure+in+Rats&rft.au=Cox%2C+Clinton%3BQue+Hee%2C+Shane+S%3BLynch%2C+Dennis+W&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Clinton&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823379601200105 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon disulfide; Vapors; Urine; Kinetics; thioethers; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379601200105 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial removal of lead from solid media and soil AN - 52816946; 1996-055676 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Donovan-Brand, Rebecca AU - Paris, K Pete AU - Al-Abed, Souhail R AU - Ryan, James A AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 207 EP - 219 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 86 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - thallophytes KW - degradation KW - lead KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - kinetics KW - soils KW - liquid phase KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - rates KW - bioremediation KW - TEM data KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52816946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Microbial+removal+of+lead+from+solid+media+and+soil&rft.au=Vesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BDonovan-Brand%2C+Rebecca%3BParis%2C+K+Pete%3BAl-Abed%2C+Souhail+R%3BRyan%2C+James+A%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J&rft.aulast=Vesper&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; concentration; degradation; experimental studies; kinetics; laboratory studies; lead; liquid phase; metals; microorganisms; monitoring; physicochemical properties; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; rates; remediation; soil treatment; soils; TEM data; thallophytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale metal distribution in Baltic Sea sediments AN - 52809493; 1996-074225 JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Borg, Hans AU - Jonsson, Per Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 8 EP - 21 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - zinc KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - lead KW - marine sediments KW - Gulf of Bothnia KW - metals KW - sediments KW - cadmium KW - North Atlantic KW - Eh KW - Baltic Sea KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52809493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Large-scale+metal+distribution+in+Baltic+Sea+sediments&rft.au=Borg%2C+Hans%3BJonsson%2C+Per&rft.aulast=Borg&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0025326X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MPNBAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; Atlantic Ocean; Baltic Sea; cadmium; Eh; Gulf of Bothnia; human activity; lead; marine sediments; metals; North Atlantic; pollutants; pollution; sediments; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of colloidal transport in ground water, Pinal Creek basin, Arizona AN - 52803269; 1996-071694 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper AU - Puls, Robert W AU - Powell, Robert M AU - Clark, Donald A A2 - Brown, James G. A2 - Favor, Barbara Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 51 EP - 60 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0886-9308, 0886-9308 KW - United States KW - desorption KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - Pinal Creek basin KW - photon correlation spectra KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - hydrochemistry KW - scintillations KW - ground water KW - arsenates KW - transport KW - radioactive tracers KW - Arizona KW - Gila County Arizona KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52803269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+colloidal+transport+in+ground+water%2C+Pinal+Creek+basin%2C+Arizona&rft.au=Puls%2C+Robert+W%3BPowell%2C+Robert+M%3BClark%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.issn=08869308&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; Arizona; arsenates; colloidal materials; desorption; effluents; geochemistry; Gila County Arizona; ground water; hydrochemistry; ions; pH; photon correlation spectra; Pinal Creek basin; pollutants; pollution; radioactive tracers; scintillations; transport; United States; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of factor analysis to investigate processes controlling the chemical composition of four streams in the Adirondack Mountains, New York AN - 52791254; 1996-079219 AB - Four streams were monitored intensively over a 2 year period. Factor analysis was used to identify interrelationships between dissolved species during this period, and to determine physical processes controlling their behaviour. Analysis of the full dataset identified species which varied predominantly on an episodic timescale, and species which were subject to seasonal cycles. Two-month subsets of data were defined to remove the influence of seasonal cycles, and factor analysis of individual subsets then allowed episodic behaviour to be examined for each 2 month period. Results showed that base cation dilution was a consistent cause of changes in acid neutralising capacity (ANC) in all four streams. NO (sub 3) (super -) exhibited strong seasonality in concentration and also in episode behaviour, increasing during winter-snowmelt episodes, but diluting during some summer episodes. DOC concentrations also varied seasonally, but 2 month analysis indicated episodic increases during all periods. SO (sub 4) (super 2-) did not exhibit consistent episodic behaviour, as it was strongly influenced by antecedent conditions. Behaviour of Ca (super 2+) and Mg (super 2+) was apparently influenced by a significant soil source in three of the streams. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Evans, C D AU - Davies, T D AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - Tranter, M AU - Kretser, W A Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 297 EP - 316 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 185 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - factor analysis KW - rivers and streams KW - carbon KW - calcium ion KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - organic materials KW - hydrology KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrochemistry KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - seasonal variations KW - northeastern New York KW - Adirondack Mountains KW - magnesium ion KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52791254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Use+of+factor+analysis+to+investigate+processes+controlling+the+chemical+composition+of+four+streams+in+the+Adirondack+Mountains%2C+New+York&rft.au=Evans%2C+C+D%3BDavies%2C+T+D%3BWigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BTranter%2C+M%3BKretser%2C+W+A&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=185&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adirondack Mountains; alkaline earth metals; calcium; calcium ion; carbon; chemical composition; dissolved materials; factor analysis; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; magnesium; magnesium ion; metals; monitoring; New York; northeastern New York; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; rivers and streams; seasonal variations; statistical analysis; sulfate ion; surface water; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Features of distribution and assessment for control measures of desertification in China AN - 52732997; 1997-031894 AB - In China, desertification has already reached 1117000 km (super 2) , or 11.6% of China's total area, with 33.2% caused by wind action, 33.8% by water action and 33.0% by physical and chemical action. Besides, 1583000 km (super 2) of arable land or 16.5% of China's total area is susceptible to desertification, with 535000 km (super 2) susceptible to wind action, 875000 km (super 2) susceptible to water action and 173000 km (super 2) susceptible to salinization. Desertification in China results from the overgrowth of population and irrational human activities, such as abuse of water resources, over-cultivation, overgrazing and pollution caused by industry and mining under fragile ecological conditions. Finally, the distribution and current control measures are discussed in this paper. JF - Zhonggou Huanjing Kexue = China Environmental Science AU - Zhu, Zhenda AU - Cui, Shuhong Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 328 EP - 334 PB - China Environmental Science Press, Beijing VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 1000-6923, 1000-6923 KW - forests KW - Far East KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - water erosion KW - desertification KW - controls KW - conservation KW - Asia KW - land use KW - deforestation KW - China KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52732997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zhonggou+Huanjing+Kexue+%3D+China+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Features+of+distribution+and+assessment+for+control+measures+of+desertification+in+China&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Zhenda%3BCui%2C+Shuhong&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Zhenda&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Zhonggou+Huanjing+Kexue+%3D+China+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=10006923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; China; conservation; controls; deforestation; desertification; erosion; Far East; forests; human activity; land use; water erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of groundwater impact due to migration of contaminants from vadose zone AN - 52726065; 1997-032338 JF - AEG News AU - Navayogarajah, N AU - Smith, Lawrence D AU - Cooper, Craig F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 55 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, Lawrence, KS VL - 39 IS - 1 SN - 0899-5788, 0899-5788 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - models KW - migration KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - risk assessment KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52726065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AEG+News&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+groundwater+impact+due+to+migration+of+contaminants+from+vadose+zone&rft.au=Navayogarajah%2C+N%3BSmith%2C+Lawrence+D%3BCooper%2C+Craig+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Navayogarajah&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AEG+News&rft.issn=08995788&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - KS N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; migration; models; pollutants; pollution; prediction; risk assessment; soils; solute transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of variable and uncertain data to quantify environmental pesticide risk AN - 52710233; 1997-043874 JF - SSSA Special Publication AU - Parker, Ronald D AU - Nelson, Henry P AU - Jones, R David AU - Coleman, T L A2 - Nettleton, W. D. A2 - Hornsby, A. G. A2 - Brown, R. B. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 131 EP - 142 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 47 SN - 1063-2565, 1063-2565 KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - annual variations KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - MUltiple SCenario Risk Assessment Tool KW - MUSCRAT KW - models KW - topography KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - quantitative analysis KW - runoff KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52710233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.atitle=Use+of+variable+and+uncertain+data+to+quantify+environmental+pesticide+risk&rft.au=Parker%2C+Ronald+D%3BNelson%2C+Henry+P%3BJones%2C+R+David%3BColeman%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.issn=10632565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Soil Science Society of America annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - annual variations; data processing; models; MUltiple SCenario Risk Assessment Tool; MUSCRAT; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; quantitative analysis; risk assessment; runoff; soils; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; topography; toxic materials; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of a zero head space large-volume incubator for studying gases and VOC AN - 52704759; 1997-041700 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Morin, J P AU - Cifuentes, L A AU - Coffin, R B AU - Kelley, C A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 20 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 3, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - chemical analysis KW - Ventura County California KW - sea water KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - new methods KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - gases KW - Port Hueneme California KW - California KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Southern California KW - marine environment KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - North Atlantic KW - geochemistry KW - aquatic environment KW - instruments KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52704759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Applications+of+a+zero+head+space+large-volume+incubator+for+studying+gases+and+VOC&rft.au=Morin%2C+J+P%3BCifuentes%2C+L+A%3BCoffin%2C+R+B%3BKelley%2C+C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Morin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union; American Society of Limnology and Oceanography; 1996 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; Atlantic Ocean; California; chemical analysis; gases; geochemistry; Gulf of Mexico; hydrocarbons; instruments; marine environment; new methods; North Atlantic; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Port Hueneme California; sea water; Southern California; United States; Ventura County California; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inter-relationships & realistic implications of soil leaching methods AN - 52700416; 1997-054646 JF - Environmental Geotechnology. Proceedings of the ... International Symposium AU - Dutta, Subijoy AU - Cornell, Darrell A2 - Fang, Hsai-Yang A2 - Inyang, Hilary I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 94 EP - 100 PB - Technomic Publishing, Lancaster VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - hazardous waste KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - grain size KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - decontamination KW - carbon KW - chemical properties KW - organic carbon KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52700416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.atitle=Inter-relationships+%26amp%3B+realistic+implications+of+soil+leaching+methods&rft.au=Dutta%2C+Subijoy%3BCornell%2C+Darrell&rft.aulast=Dutta&rft.aufirst=Subijoy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=1566764629&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 3rd international symposium on Environmental geotechnology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04504 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; chemical properties; concentration; decontamination; detection; grain size; hazardous waste; leaching; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; pollutants; pollution; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting contaminant migration in karst aquifers AN - 52698767; 1997-054670 JF - Environmental Geotechnology. Proceedings of the ... International Symposium AU - Field, Malcolm S A2 - Fang, Hsai-Yang A2 - Inyang, Hilary I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 321 EP - 330 PB - Technomic Publishing, Lancaster VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - dispersivity KW - pollutants KW - numerical analysis KW - karst hydrology KW - data processing KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - physical properties KW - transport KW - tracers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.atitle=Predicting+contaminant+migration+in+karst+aquifers&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=1566764629&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 3rd international symposium on Environmental geotechnology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04504 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; computer programs; data processing; dispersivity; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; karst hydrology; migration of elements; models; numerical analysis; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; prediction; simulation; tracers; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultrasound enhanced soil washing AN - 52698739; 1997-054645 JF - Environmental Geotechnology. Proceedings of the ... International Symposium AU - Meegoda, Jay N AU - Ho, Dustin AU - Frederick, Raymond M A2 - Fang, Hsai-Yang A2 - Inyang, Hilary I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 83 EP - 93 PB - Technomic Publishing, Lancaster VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - organic residues KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - ultrasonic methods KW - soil washing KW - organic compounds KW - sedimentary rocks KW - decontamination KW - coal KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.atitle=Ultrasound+enhanced+soil+washing&rft.au=Meegoda%2C+Jay+N%3BHo%2C+Dustin%3BFrederick%2C+Raymond+M&rft.aulast=Meegoda&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=1566764629&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 3rd international symposium on Environmental geotechnology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04504 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; coal; decontamination; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; organic residues; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sedimentary rocks; soil treatment; soil washing; soils; statistical analysis; surfactants; techniques; ultrasonic methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Priority concerns AN - 52677412; 1997-070981 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Webber, Walter AU - Eisenreich, Stephen AU - Huggett, Robert AU - Mitchell, Ralph AU - Birnbaum, Linda AU - McClellan, Roger AU - Daisey, Joan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 37A EP - 41A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - graduate-level education KW - water supply KW - medical geology KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - chemical waste KW - education KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - research KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - decontamination KW - industrial waste KW - policy KW - water resources KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52677412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Priority+concerns&rft.au=Webber%2C+Walter%3BEisenreich%2C+Stephen%3BHuggett%2C+Robert%3BMitchell%2C+Ralph%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda%3BMcClellan%2C+Roger%3BDaisey%2C+Joan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Webber&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - With discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical waste; decision-making; decontamination; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; education; graduate-level education; industrial waste; land use; medical geology; nonaqueous phase liquids; policy; pollution; preventive measures; remediation; research; soil management; soils; water resources; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of AAS, ICP-AES, PSA, and XRF in determining lead and cadmium in soil AN - 52674008; 1997-070992 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Pyle, Steven M AU - Nocerino, John M AU - Deming, Stanley N AU - Palasota, John A AU - Palasota, Josephine M AU - Miller, Eric L AU - Hillman, Daniel C AU - Kuharic, Conrad A AU - Cole, William H AU - Fitzpatrick, Patricia M AU - Watson, Michael A AU - Nichols, K D Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 204 EP - 213 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - zinc KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - principal components analysis KW - detection limit KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - lead KW - electrochemical properties KW - atomic absorption spectra KW - iron KW - sample preparation KW - detection KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - cadmium KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52674008?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+AAS%2C+ICP-AES%2C+PSA%2C+and+XRF+in+determining+lead+and+cadmium+in+soil&rft.au=Pyle%2C+Steven+M%3BNocerino%2C+John+M%3BDeming%2C+Stanley+N%3BPalasota%2C+John+A%3BPalasota%2C+Josephine+M%3BMiller%2C+Eric+L%3BHillman%2C+Daniel+C%3BKuharic%2C+Conrad+A%3BCole%2C+William+H%3BFitzpatrick%2C+Patricia+M%3BWatson%2C+Michael+A%3BNichols%2C+K+D&rft.aulast=Pyle&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; atomic absorption spectra; cadmium; concentration; detection; detection limit; electrochemical properties; hazardous waste; iron; lead; metals; pollutants; pollution; principal components analysis; sample preparation; soils; spectra; statistical analysis; toxic materials; X-ray fluorescence spectra; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current conditions AN - 52673998; 1997-070979 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Daisey, Joan AU - McClellan, Roger AU - Scheuplein, Robert AU - Birnbaum, Linda AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 27A EP - 31A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - medical geology KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - research KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - decontamination KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52673998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Current+conditions&rft.au=Daisey%2C+Joan%3BMcClellan%2C+Roger%3BScheuplein%2C+Robert%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daisey&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Includes discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decision-making; decontamination; land use; medical geology; monitoring; policy; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; regulations; remediation; research; risk assessment; soil management; soils; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring ocean disposal sites; an example of an integrated study from Mamala Bay, Honolulu, Hawaii AN - 52673648; 1997-064162 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Torresan, M E AU - Hampton, M A AU - Wong, F L AU - Ota, A Y AU - Dadey, K A AU - Brock, J B AU - Word, Jack Q AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 13 EP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 3, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - geophysical surveys KW - Mamala Bay KW - waste disposal sites KW - cores KW - urban environment KW - Honolulu Hawaii KW - dredging KW - acoustical methods KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - sedimentary structures KW - monitoring KW - Honolulu County Hawaii KW - biogenic structures KW - geophysical methods KW - Oahu KW - Hawaii KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - X-ray data KW - North Pacific KW - marine environment KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Oceania KW - surveys KW - side-scanning methods KW - Polynesia KW - waste disposal KW - bioturbation KW - sonar methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52673648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Monitoring+ocean+disposal+sites%3B+an+example+of+an+integrated+study+from+Mamala+Bay%2C+Honolulu%2C+Hawaii&rft.au=Torresan%2C+M+E%3BHampton%2C+M+A%3BWong%2C+F+L%3BOta%2C+A+Y%3BDadey%2C+K+A%3BBrock%2C+J+B%3BWord%2C+Jack+Q%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Torresan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union; American Society of Limnology and Oceanography; 1996 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; benthic taxa; biogenic structures; bioturbation; cores; dredging; East Pacific Ocean Islands; ecology; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Hawaii; Honolulu County Hawaii; Honolulu Hawaii; Mamala Bay; marine environment; marine sediments; monitoring; North Pacific; Oahu; Oceania; Pacific Ocean; Polynesia; sedimentary structures; sediments; side-scanning methods; sonar methods; surveys; United States; urban environment; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing the future AN - 52672847; 1997-070982 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Oppelt, Timothy AU - Carberry, John AU - Kavanaugh, Michael AU - Mulligan, William AU - Webber, Walter AU - McClellan, Roger AU - Loehr, Raymond C AU - Daisey, Joan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 42A EP - 44A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - education KW - research KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - industrial waste KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52672847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Managing+the+future&rft.au=Oppelt%2C+Timothy%3BCarberry%2C+John%3BKavanaugh%2C+Michael%3BMulligan%2C+William%3BWebber%2C+Walter%3BMcClellan%2C+Roger%3BLoehr%2C+Raymond+C%3BDaisey%2C+Joan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oppelt&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - With discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decision-making; decontamination; education; industrial waste; land use; policy; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; remediation; research; soil management; soils; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging frontiers AN - 52671819; 1997-070980 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Carberry, John AU - Oppelt, Timothy AU - Loehr, Raymond C AU - Kavanaugh, Michael AU - Mulligan, William AU - Webber, Walter AU - Mitchell, Ralph AU - Morgan, Granger AU - Birnbaum, Linda AU - Esty, Daniel AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 32A EP - 36A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - recycling KW - in situ KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - decontamination KW - industrial waste KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52671819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Emerging+frontiers&rft.au=Carberry%2C+John%3BOppelt%2C+Timothy%3BLoehr%2C+Raymond+C%3BKavanaugh%2C+Michael%3BMulligan%2C+William%3BWebber%2C+Walter%3BMitchell%2C+Ralph%3BMorgan%2C+Granger%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda%3BEsty%2C+Daniel%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Carberry&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=32A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - With discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; cost; decision-making; decontamination; in situ; industrial waste; land use; policy; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; recycling; remediation; risk assessment; soil management; soils; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - OK, why not drill into the top of the mountain? Further delineation of metals loading pathways to an alpine creek AN - 52667335; 1997-075426 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wireman, Michael AU - Stover, Bruce K AU - Davies, Gareth J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 479 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - wells KW - United States KW - zinc KW - water quality KW - rivers and streams KW - dye tracers KW - lead KW - Chalk Creek KW - manganese KW - iron KW - ground water KW - movement KW - drainage basins KW - cadmium KW - springs KW - Mary Murphy Mine KW - interpretation KW - discharge KW - abandoned mines KW - hydrology KW - mines KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Chaffee County Colorado KW - injection KW - pollution KW - porosity KW - metals KW - Colorado KW - water wells KW - permeability KW - Arkansas River KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52667335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=OK%2C+why+not+drill+into+the+top+of+the+mountain%3F+Further+delineation+of+metals+loading+pathways+to+an+alpine+creek&rft.au=Wireman%2C+Michael%3BStover%2C+Bruce+K%3BDavies%2C+Gareth+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wireman&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=479&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; Arkansas River; cadmium; Chaffee County Colorado; Chalk Creek; Colorado; discharge; drainage basins; dye tracers; ground water; hydrology; injection; interpretation; iron; lead; manganese; Mary Murphy Mine; metals; mines; monitoring; movement; permeability; pollutants; pollution; porosity; rivers and streams; springs; United States; water quality; water wells; wells; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-layer sampling in conventional monitoring wells for improved estimation of vertical contaminant distributions and mass AN - 52638901; 1998-010090 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Puls, Robert W AU - Paul, Cynthia J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 460 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - plumes KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pumping KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - mass KW - spatial distribution KW - organic compounds KW - sampling KW - water wells KW - accuracy KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52638901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Multi-layer+sampling+in+conventional+monitoring+wells+for+improved+estimation+of+vertical+contaminant+distributions+and+mass&rft.au=Puls%2C+Robert+W%3BPaul%2C+Cynthia+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; characterization; ground water; mass; monitoring; optimization; organic compounds; plumes; pollutants; pollution; pumping; remediation; sampling; spatial distribution; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smoothing troubled waters; a scientific systematic view of mining communities and their environment AN - 52628056; 1998-014948 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Russell, Carol C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 21 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - communities KW - mining geology KW - environmental geology KW - decision-making KW - preservation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52628056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Smoothing+troubled+waters%3B+a+scientific+systematic+view+of+mining+communities+and+their+environment&rft.au=Russell%2C+Carol+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - communities; decision-making; environmental geology; mining geology; preservation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ biotransformation of trichloroethylene and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene at Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey AN - 52615673; 1998-024903 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Ehlke, Theodore A AU - Wilson, Barbara H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Imbrigiotta, Thomas E AU - Morganwalp, David W AU - Aronson, David A Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 347 EP - 354 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - rates KW - dichloroethylene KW - Picatinny Arsenal KW - bioremediation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - Morris County New Jersey KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - New Jersey KW - USGS KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52615673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=In+situ+biotransformation+of+trichloroethylene+and+cis-1%2C2-dichloroethylene+at+Picatinny+Arsenal%2C+New+Jersey&rft.au=Ehlke%2C+Theodore+A%3BWilson%2C+Barbara+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BImbrigiotta%2C+Thomas+E%3BMorganwalp%2C+David+W%3BAronson%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Ehlke&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program technical meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dichloroethylene; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; Morris County New Jersey; New Jersey; organic compounds; Picatinny Arsenal; rates; remediation; trichloroethylene; unconfined aquifers; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wetland restoration and creation AN - 52588901; 1998-047190 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper AU - Kentula, Mary E AU - Fretwell, Judy D AU - Williams, John S AU - Redman, Phillip J Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 87 EP - 92 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0886-9308, 0886-9308 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - reclamation KW - surface water KW - legislation KW - government agencies KW - vegetation KW - research KW - environmental effects KW - biota KW - ground water KW - habitat KW - constructed wetlands KW - wetlands KW - saturation KW - land management KW - ecology KW - USGS KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52588901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.atitle=Wetland+restoration+and+creation&rft.au=Kentula%2C+Mary+E%3BFretwell%2C+Judy+D%3BWilliams%2C+John+S%3BRedman%2C+Phillip+J&rft.aulast=Kentula&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.issn=08869308&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://water.usgs.gov/public/nwsum/WSP2425/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; constructed wetlands; ecology; environmental effects; government agencies; ground water; habitat; hydrology; land management; land use; legislation; reclamation; research; saturation; soils; surface water; USGS; vegetation; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of methyl bromide in fumigated soils AN - 52426405; 1999-072183 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Anderson, Todd A AU - Rice, Patricia J AU - Cink, James H AU - Coats, Joel R A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 42 EP - 52 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - photochemistry KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - bromide ion KW - fumigants KW - bromine KW - remediation KW - physical properties KW - ozone KW - toxicity KW - photolysis KW - agrochemicals KW - transformations KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52426405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Fate+of+methyl+bromide+in+fumigated+soils&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Todd+A%3BRice%2C+Patricia+J%3BCink%2C+James+H%3BCoats%2C+Joel+R&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; biodegradation; bromide ion; bromine; degradation; fumigants; halogens; moisture; ozone; photochemistry; photolysis; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; toxicity; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of 1,3-dichloropropene degradates in water and soil by capillary gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection AN - 52426357; 1999-072185 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Duebelbeis, D O AU - Thomas, A D AU - Fisher, S E AU - Schelle, G E A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 212 EP - 227 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - moisture KW - surface water KW - gas chromatograms KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - capillarity KW - calibration KW - fumigants KW - reagents KW - detection KW - chemical reactions KW - chromatograms KW - agrochemicals KW - spectra KW - dichloropropene KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52426357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Determination+of+1%2C3-dichloropropene+degradates+in+water+and+soil+by+capillary+gas+chromatography+with+mass+spectrometric+detection&rft.au=Duebelbeis%2C+D+O%3BThomas%2C+A+D%3BFisher%2C+S+E%3BSchelle%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Duebelbeis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=212&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; calibration; capillarity; chemical composition; chemical reactions; chromatograms; degradation; detection; dichloropropene; fumigants; gas chromatograms; mass spectra; moisture; monitoring; pollution; reagents; soils; spectra; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis AN - 52424303; 1999-072181 JF - ACS Symposium Series A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 232 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - symposia KW - pollutants KW - agrochemicals KW - industrial waste KW - pollution KW - fumigants KW - chemical waste KW - aerobic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52424303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=210th+national+meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%2C+symposium+on+Fumigants%3B+environmental+fate%2C+exposure%2C+and+analysis&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; agrochemicals; chemical waste; fumigants; industrial waste; pollutants; pollution; soils; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of 1,3-dichloropropene in aerobic soils AN - 52420263; 1999-072184 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Batzer, F R AU - Balcer, J L AU - Peterson, J R AU - Wolt, J D A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 60 EP - 78 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - rates KW - migration of elements KW - chemical waste KW - carbon dioxide KW - aerobic environment KW - volatiles KW - mass balance KW - chromatograms KW - tracers KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - dichloropropene KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52420263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Fate+of+1%2C3-dichloropropene+in+aerobic+soils&rft.au=Batzer%2C+F+R%3BBalcer%2C+J+L%3BPeterson%2C+J+R%3BWolt%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Batzer&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; carbon dioxide; chemical properties; chemical waste; chromatograms; degradation; dichloropropene; hydrolysis; industrial waste; kinetics; mass balance; migration of elements; pollutants; pollution; rates; soils; tracers; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Error evaluation of methyl bromide aerodynamic flux measurements AN - 52420227; 1999-072182 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Majewski, Michael S A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 135 EP - 153 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - concentration KW - thermal properties KW - statistical analysis KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - bromide ion KW - migration of elements KW - fumigants KW - bromine KW - simulation KW - volatilization KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - methyl bromide KW - errors KW - detection KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - regression analysis KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52420227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Error+evaluation+of+methyl+bromide+aerodynamic+flux+measurements&rft.au=Majewski%2C+Michael+S&rft.aulast=Majewski&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bromide ion; bromine; concentration; detection; errors; fumigants; halogenated hydrocarbons; halogens; methyl bromide; migration of elements; organic compounds; permeability; pollution; regression analysis; simulation; statistical analysis; thermal properties; volatiles; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The environmental impact of pesticide degradates in groundwater AN - 52401287; 2000-012305 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Barrett, Michael R A2 - Meyer, M. T. A2 - Thurman, E. M. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 200 EP - 225 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 630 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - effects KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52401287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=The+environmental+impact+of+pesticide+degradates+in+groundwater&rft.au=Barrett%2C+Michael+R&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=630&rft.issue=&rft.spage=200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 209th national meeting of the American Chemical Society on Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - degradation; effects; environmental effects; ground water; herbicides; monitoring; organic compounds; pesticides; pollution; soils; toxicity; triazines; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ derivatization; supercritical fluid extraction method for the determination of chlorophenoxy acid herbicides in soil samples AN - 52397872; 2000-012295 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Lopez-Avila, Viorica AU - Benedicto, Janet AU - Beckert, Werner F A2 - Meyer, M. T. A2 - Thurman, E. M. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 63 EP - 76 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 630 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - chemical analysis KW - in situ KW - herbicides KW - surface water KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - chlorophenoxy acid KW - ground water KW - sample preparation KW - sampling KW - applications KW - pesticides KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52397872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=In+situ+derivatization%3B+supercritical+fluid+extraction+method+for+the+determination+of+chlorophenoxy+acid+herbicides+in+soil+samples&rft.au=Lopez-Avila%2C+Viorica%3BBenedicto%2C+Janet%3BBeckert%2C+Werner+F&rft.aulast=Lopez-Avila&rft.aufirst=Viorica&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=630&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 209th national meeting of the American Chemical Society on Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; applications; chemical analysis; chlorophenoxy acid; geochemistry; ground water; herbicides; in situ; pesticides; pollution; sample preparation; sampling; soils; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Artificial recharge; attempt to develop guidelines AN - 52373471; 2000-024857 JF - NHP Rapport = Nordic Hydrological Programme Report AU - Dahlstrom, Kim AU - Pedersen, Morten A2 - Kivimaki, Anna-Liisa A2 - Suokko, Tuulikki Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 19 EP - 23 PB - The Nordic Coordinating Committee for Hydrology, varies VL - 38 SN - 0900-0267, 0900-0267 KW - thallophytes KW - water quality KW - Plantae KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - artificial recharge KW - purification KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - algae KW - ground water KW - Scandinavia KW - water treatment KW - bacteria KW - Denmark KW - pesticides KW - microfossils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52373471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NHP+Rapport+%3D+Nordic+Hydrological+Programme+Report&rft.atitle=Artificial+recharge%3B+attempt+to+develop+guidelines&rft.au=Dahlstrom%2C+Kim%3BPedersen%2C+Morten&rft.aulast=Dahlstrom&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NHP+Rapport+%3D+Nordic+Hydrological+Programme+Report&rft.issn=09000267&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on Artificial recharge of groundwater N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; artificial recharge; bacteria; Denmark; Europe; ground water; microfossils; pesticides; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; purification; regulations; Scandinavia; thallophytes; water quality; water treatment; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The single community concept; a model for adult environmental education AN - 52212378; 2001-053597 JF - The Ohio Journal of Science AU - Kizer, Glen G AU - Baker, Marilyn E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 32 PB - Ohio Academy of Science, Columbus, OH VL - 96 IS - 2 SN - 0030-0950, 0030-0950 KW - hydrology KW - public awareness KW - popular geology KW - environmental geology KW - education KW - elementary geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52212378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=The+single+community+concept%3B+a+model+for+adult+environmental+education&rft.au=Kizer%2C+Glen+G%3BBaker%2C+Marilyn+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kizer&rft.aufirst=Glen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00300950&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - The Ohio Academy of Science 105th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - OJSCA9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - education; elementary geology; environmental geology; hydrology; popular geology; public awareness ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An adaptive local grid refinement to solve nonlinear transport problems with moving fronts AN - 52125858; 2002-027100 AB - Highly nonlinear advection-dispersion-reactive equations govern numerous transport phenomena in subsurface media. Robust, accurate, and efficient algorithms to solve these equations hold the key to the success of applying numerical models to field problems. This paper presents the development and verification of a computational algorithm to approximate the highly nonlinear transport equations of multiphase flow and reactive chemical transport. The algorithm was developed based on the Lagrangian-Eulerian decoupling method with an adaptive ZOOMing and Peak/valley Capture (LEZOOMPC) scheme. It consisted of both backward and forward node tracking, rough element determination, peak/valley capturing, and adaptive local grid refinement. A second-order implicit tracking was implemented to accurately and efficiently track all fictitious particles. The unique feature of the algorithm is the adaptive mechanism. Unlike other adaptive local grid refinement methods, the adaptive mechanism of LEZOOMPC was based on the almost "true" error estimates. The accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm were verified with the Burger's equation for a variety of cases. The robustness of the algorithm to achieve convergent solutions was demonstrated for highly nonlinear multiphase flow and reactive contaminant transport problems. JF - Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources AU - Yeh, G T AU - Cheng, H P AU - Cheng, J R AU - Short, T E AU - Enfield, C A2 - Aldama, A. A. A2 - Aparicio, J. A2 - Brebbia, C. A. A2 - Gray, W. G. A2 - Herrera, I. A2 - Pinder, G. F. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 577 EP - 584 PB - Computational Mechanics Publications VL - 11, Vol. 1 KW - solute transport KW - dispersivity KW - grid refinement KW - numerical models KW - pollution KW - hydrodynamics KW - algorithms KW - fluid dynamics KW - advection KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52125858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=An+adaptive+local+grid+refinement+to+solve+nonlinear+transport+problems+with+moving+fronts&rft.au=Yeh%2C+G+T%3BCheng%2C+H+P%3BCheng%2C+J+R%3BShort%2C+T+E%3BEnfield%2C+C&rft.aulast=Yeh&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Computational methods in subsurface flow and transport problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03136 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; algorithms; dispersivity; fluid dynamics; grid refinement; ground water; hydrodynamics; numerical models; pollution; solute transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancing groundwater flow and solute transport analyses using GIS at a Florida Superfund site AN - 52121754; 2002-027114 AB - The level of detail, or depth of assessment, when using mathematical models is measured by the amount and resolution of the data used, and the sophistication of the analyses employed. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be used to enhance model application for resolving complex environmental issues by developing automated techniques for analyses on database structures, model configuration, and model parameterization. Preliminary work for enhancing model application was conducted on databases from a Florida Superfund site. Analytical GIS procedures were developed in order to enhance the use of the three-dimensional groundwater modeling system (GMS) developed by the U.S. Army Crops of Engineers and U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Analytical map processing techniques, such as map reclassification, overlay and simple buffering around features are demonstrated. We also follow a new wave of GIS applications which concentrates on advanced statistical operations. For example, GIS was used to discovered relationships between vegetation and soil evapotranspirations. GIS and GMS played important roles in each of five modeling steps: conceptual model development, physical set up of a numerical model, calibration, routine simulation, and presentation of simulation results. JF - Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources AU - Chen, D AU - Winkie, J AU - Carsel, R AU - Moeti, L AU - Vona, B A2 - Aldama, A. A. A2 - Aparicio, J. A2 - Brebbia, C. A. A2 - Gray, W. G. A2 - Herrera, I. A2 - Pinder, G. F. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 701 EP - 707 PB - Computational Mechanics Publications VL - 11, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - three-dimensional models KW - pumping KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - karst KW - vegetation KW - fluid dynamics KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - fractures KW - recharge KW - geographic information systems KW - information systems KW - Superfund sites KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52121754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Enhancing+groundwater+flow+and+solute+transport+analyses+using+GIS+at+a+Florida+Superfund+site&rft.au=Chen%2C+D%3BWinkie%2C+J%3BCarsel%2C+R%3BMoeti%2C+L%3BVona%2C+B&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Computational methods in subsurface flow and transport problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03136 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; environmental analysis; Florida; fluid dynamics; fractures; geographic information systems; ground water; information systems; karst; mathematical models; pollution; pumping; recharge; soils; solute transport; Superfund sites; three-dimensional models; United States; vegetation; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating the changing rate of anaerobic reductive dehalogenation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons AN - 52117994; 2002-038700 JF - Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection and Remediation Conference AU - Moutoux, David E AU - Benson, Leigh Alvarado AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Lenhart, John AU - Wilson, John T AU - Hansen, Jerry E A2 - Stanley, Anita Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 399 EP - 413 PB - Ground Water Publishing Company, Westerville, OH VL - 1996 KW - vinyl chloride KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethane KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - BTEX KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - efficiency KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52117994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+changing+rate+of+anaerobic+reductive+dehalogenation+of+chlorinated+aliphatic+hydrocarbons+in+the+presence+of+petroleum+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Moutoux%2C+David+E%3BBenson%2C+Leigh+Alvarado%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BWiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BLenhart%2C+John%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E&rft.aulast=Moutoux&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1996 Petroleum hydrocarbons & organic chemicals in ground water; prevention, detection, and remediation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04977 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; anaerobic environment; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; BTEX; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; degradation; dehalogenation; efficiency; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; mathematical models; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; tetrachloroethylene; trichloroethane; vinyl chloride; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring in situ bioremediation of fuel hydrocarbons; the use of chemical and biogeochemical markers AN - 52114454; 2002-038706 JF - Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection and Remediation Conference AU - Barcelona, Michael J AU - Fang, Jiasong AU - West, Candida A2 - Stanley, Anita Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 511 EP - 524 PB - Ground Water Publishing Company, Westerville, OH VL - 1996 KW - United States KW - fatty acids KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - geochemical indicators KW - chemical properties KW - geochemistry KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - biomarkers KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - Wurtsmith Air Force Base KW - alkylbenzenes KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - Iosco County Michigan KW - hydrocarbons KW - shallow aquifers KW - Michigan KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52114454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.atitle=Monitoring+in+situ+bioremediation+of+fuel+hydrocarbons%3B+the+use+of+chemical+and+biogeochemical+markers&rft.au=Barcelona%2C+Michael+J%3BFang%2C+Jiasong%3BWest%2C+Candida&rft.aulast=Barcelona&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1996 Petroleum hydrocarbons & organic chemicals in ground water; prevention, detection, and remediation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04977 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkylbenzenes; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biochemistry; biodegradation; biomarkers; bioremediation; chemical properties; environmental analysis; fatty acids; geochemical indicators; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; in situ; Iosco County Michigan; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; military facilities; monitoring; organic acids; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; shallow aquifers; United States; Wurtsmith Air Force Base ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical protocol for evaluating the natural attenuation of chlorinated ethenes in groundwater AN - 52113770; 2002-038737 JF - Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection and Remediation Conference AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald AU - Hansen, Jerry E AU - Haas, Patrick A2 - Stanley, Anita Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 425 EP - 441 PB - Ground Water Publishing Company, Westerville, OH VL - 1996 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - organic compounds KW - ethylene KW - toxicity KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - alkenes KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52113770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.atitle=Technical+protocol+for+evaluating+the+natural+attenuation+of+chlorinated+ethenes+in+groundwater&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E%3BHaas%2C+Patrick&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1996 Petroleum hydrocarbons & organic chemicals in ground water; prevention, detection, and remediation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04977 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; attenuation; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; ethylene; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; regulations; remediation; toxicity; transport; water pollution; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazard ranking of contaminated sediments based on chemical analysis, laboratory toxicity tests, and benthic community composition; prioritizing sites for remedial action AN - 51761949; 2005-010581 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Wildhaber, Mark L AU - Schmitt, Christopher J A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 639 EP - 652 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - government agencies KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - chlorodioxins KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - ammonia compound KW - esters KW - North America KW - chlorofurans KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - Indiana Harbor KW - benzene KW - phthalates KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - Michigan KW - pesticides KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Hazard+ranking+of+contaminated+sediments+based+on+chemical+analysis%2C+laboratory+toxicity+tests%2C+and+benthic+community+composition%3B+prioritizing+sites+for+remedial+action&rft.au=Wildhaber%2C+Mark+L%3BSchmitt%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Wildhaber&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia compound; aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; benzene; Buffalo River; chlorodioxins; chlorofurans; environmental analysis; esters; fluvial environment; government agencies; Great Lakes region; hydrocarbons; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; metals; Michigan; New York; North America; organic compounds; pesticides; phthalates; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; risk assessment; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid sediment assessment; indicator analysis and screening analysis approaches AN - 51761922; 2005-010572 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Rathbun, Joseph E AU - Huellmantel, Laura Lang AU - Tracy, Mary AU - Smith, V Elliott AU - Ahlgren, Kristen A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 523 EP - 533 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - methods KW - North America KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - Ottawa River KW - sediments KW - immunoassays KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - fluvial environment KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Rapid+sediment+assessment%3B+indicator+analysis+and+screening+analysis+approaches&rft.au=Rathbun%2C+Joseph+E%3BHuellmantel%2C+Laura+Lang%3BTracy%2C+Mary%3BSmith%2C+V+Elliott%3BAhlgren%2C+Kristen&rft.aulast=Rathbun&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Buffalo River; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; immunoassays; Indiana Harbor; methods; North America; Ohio; Ottawa River; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; spectra; stream sediments; United States; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenic human health risks associated with consuming contaminated fish from five Great Lakes areas of concern AN - 51761695; 2005-010582 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Crane, Judy L A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 653 EP - 668 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - polychlorinated dibenzodioxins KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - medical geology KW - stream sediments KW - Sheboygan River KW - PCBs KW - lead KW - environmental analysis KW - Pisces KW - carcinogens KW - Ashtabula River KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Wisconsin KW - Grand Calumet River KW - Ohio KW - North America KW - Chordata KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - organo-metallics KW - Indiana Harbor KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - methylmercury KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - Michigan KW - Vertebrata KW - fluvial environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Carcinogenic+human+health+risks+associated+with+consuming+contaminated+fish+from+five+Great+Lakes+areas+of+concern&rft.au=Crane%2C+Judy+L&rft.aulast=Crane&rft.aufirst=Judy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Ashtabula River; Buffalo River; carcinogens; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Chordata; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Grand Calumet River; Great Lakes region; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; lead; medical geology; metals; methylmercury; Michigan; New York; North America; Ohio; organic compounds; organo-metallics; PCBs; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; polychlorinated dibenzodioxins; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; risk assessment; Saginaw River; sediments; Sheboygan River; stream sediments; surface water; toxicity; United States; Vertebrata; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing contamination in Great Lakes sediments using benthic invertebrate communities and the sediment quality triad approach AN - 51761666; 2005-010576 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Canfield, Timothy J AU - Dwyer, F James AU - Fairchild, James F AU - Haverland, Pamela S AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Kemble, Nile E AU - Mount, David R AU - La Point, Thomas W AU - Burton, G Allen AU - Swift, M C A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 565 EP - 583 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - benthic taxa KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - New York KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Assessing+contamination+in+Great+Lakes+sediments+using+benthic+invertebrate+communities+and+the+sediment+quality+triad+approach&rft.au=Canfield%2C+Timothy+J%3BDwyer%2C+F+James%3BFairchild%2C+James+F%3BHaverland%2C+Pamela+S%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BKemble%2C+Nile+E%3BMount%2C+David+R%3BLa+Point%2C+Thomas+W%3BBurton%2C+G+Allen%3BSwift%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Canfield&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; Buffalo River; ecosystems; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Invertebrata; Michigan; New York; North America; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the transport of sediments and hydrophobic contaminants in the lower Saginaw River AN - 51761393; 2005-010583 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Cardenas, Mary AU - Lick, Wilbert A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 669 EP - 682 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - PCBs KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - transport KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - discharge KW - hydrophobic materials KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - North America KW - numerical models KW - sediment transport KW - Saginaw County Michigan KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - Tuscola County Michigan KW - fluvial sedimentation KW - two-dimensional models KW - organic compounds KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+transport+of+sediments+and+hydrophobic+contaminants+in+the+lower+Saginaw+River&rft.au=Cardenas%2C+Mary%3BLick%2C+Wilbert&rft.aulast=Cardenas&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=669&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; discharge; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; fluvial sedimentation; Great Lakes region; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrodynamics; hydrophobic materials; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; North America; numerical models; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw County Michigan; Saginaw River; sediment transport; sedimentation; sediments; simulation; stream sediments; transport; Tuscola County Michigan; two-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and calibration of a fine-grained sediment transport model for the Buffalo River AN - 51761258; 2005-010587 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Gailani, Joseph AU - Lick, Wilbert AU - Ziegler, C Kirk AU - Endicott, Douglas Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 765 EP - 778 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - Buffalo River KW - stream transport KW - numerical models KW - sediment transport KW - grain size KW - fines KW - surface water KW - sedimentation KW - suspended materials KW - fluvial sedimentation KW - models KW - New York KW - Erie County New York KW - hydrodynamics KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Development+and+calibration+of+a+fine-grained+sediment+transport+model+for+the+Buffalo+River&rft.au=Gailani%2C+Joseph%3BLick%2C+Wilbert%3BZiegler%2C+C+Kirk%3BEndicott%2C+Douglas&rft.aulast=Gailani&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Buffalo River; Erie County New York; fines; fluvial sedimentation; grain size; hydrodynamics; models; New York; numerical models; sediment transport; sedimentation; stream transport; surface water; suspended materials; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of toxicity identification evaluation techniques to pore water from Buffalo River sediments AN - 51761072; 2005-010573 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K AU - Dierkes, Joseph R A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 534 EP - 544 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - Chordata KW - Buffalo River KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - Pisces KW - New York KW - Erie County New York KW - toxicity KW - metals KW - sediments KW - Vertebrata KW - geochemistry KW - fluvial environment KW - pore water KW - ammonia compound KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Application+of+toxicity+identification+evaluation+techniques+to+pore+water+from+Buffalo+River+sediments&rft.au=Ankley%2C+Gerald+T%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+Mary+K%3BDierkes%2C+Joseph+R&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=534&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia compound; Buffalo River; Chordata; environmental analysis; Erie County New York; fluvial environment; geochemistry; government agencies; metals; New York; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; pore water; remediation; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction; the Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments (ARC) Program AN - 51761064; 2005-010569 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Fox, Richard G AU - Tuchman, Marc A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 493 EP - 494 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - monitoring KW - Great Lakes region KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - Clean Water Act KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Introduction%3B+the+Assessment+and+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments+%28ARC%29+Program&rft.au=Fox%2C+Richard+G%3BTuchman%2C+Marc&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clean Water Act; environmental analysis; government agencies; Great Lakes region; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; monitoring; North America; pollution; regulations; remediation; sediments; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calculation and evaluation of sediment effect concentrations for the amphipod Hyalella azteca and the midge Chironomus riparius AN - 51760688; 2005-010579 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Haverland, Pamela S AU - Brunson, Eric L AU - Canfield, Timothy J AU - Dwyer, F James AU - Henke, Christopher E AU - Kemble, Nile E AU - Mount, David R AU - Fox, Richard G A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 602 EP - 623 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - PCBs KW - Alabama KW - Hyalella KW - Malacostraca KW - toxicity KW - Invertebrata KW - Mississippi River KW - Waukegan Harbor KW - Insecta KW - North America KW - living taxa KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - Texas KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - Mandibulata KW - Chironomus KW - hydrocarbons KW - Michigan KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Buffalo River KW - stream sediments KW - Clark Fork KW - environmental analysis KW - Trinity River KW - sampling KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - Mobile Bay KW - Minnesota KW - concentration KW - Illinois KW - Crustacea KW - pollution KW - Chironomus riparius KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - Indiana Harbor KW - Montana KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Galveston Bay KW - Arthropoda KW - Amphipoda KW - metals KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51760688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Calculation+and+evaluation+of+sediment+effect+concentrations+for+the+amphipod+Hyalella+azteca+and+the+midge+Chironomus+riparius&rft.au=Ingersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BHaverland%2C+Pamela+S%3BBrunson%2C+Eric+L%3BCanfield%2C+Timothy+J%3BDwyer%2C+F+James%3BHenke%2C+Christopher+E%3BKemble%2C+Nile+E%3BMount%2C+David+R%3BFox%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Ingersoll&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alabama; Amphipoda; aromatic hydrocarbons; Arthropoda; Buffalo River; Chironomus; Chironomus riparius; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Clark Fork; concentration; Crustacea; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Galveston Bay; Great Lakes; Gulf Coastal Plain; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hyalella; Hyalella azteca; hydrocarbons; Illinois; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Insecta; Invertebrata; living taxa; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; metals; Michigan; Minnesota; Mississippi River; Mobile Bay; Montana; New York; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Saginaw River; sampling; sediments; stream sediments; Texas; toxicity; Trinity River; United States; Waukegan Harbor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical considerations in sediment quality surveys AN - 51760296; 2005-010571 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Smith, V Elliott AU - Rathbun, Joseph E AU - Rood, Stephen G AU - Huellmantel, Laura Lang A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 512 EP - 522 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - methods KW - North America KW - Global Positioning System KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - cores KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - surveys KW - Great Lakes KW - remote sensing KW - lake sediments KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51760296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Technical+considerations+in+sediment+quality+surveys&rft.au=Smith%2C+V+Elliott%3BRathbun%2C+Joseph+E%3BRood%2C+Stephen+G%3BHuellmantel%2C+Laura+Lang&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 plates N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cores; environmental analysis; field studies; Global Positioning System; government agencies; Great Lakes; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; methods; North America; pollution; remote sensing; sampling; sediments; surveys; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Problems and recommendations in using algal toxicity testing to evaluate contaminated sediments AN - 51759554; 2005-010574 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Hall, Nadine E AU - Fairchild, James F AU - La Point, Thomas W AU - Heine, Paul R AU - Ruessler, David S AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 545 EP - 556 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - methods KW - photosynthesis KW - phytoplankton KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - ecosystems KW - plankton KW - algae KW - environmental analysis KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - North America KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - photochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - Indiana Harbor KW - New York KW - testing KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51759554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Problems+and+recommendations+in+using+algal+toxicity+testing+to+evaluate+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Hall%2C+Nadine+E%3BFairchild%2C+James+F%3BLa+Point%2C+Thomas+W%3BHeine%2C+Paul+R%3BRuessler%2C+David+S%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Nadine&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; bioassays; Buffalo River; ecosystems; environmental analysis; experimental studies; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; methods; New York; North America; photochemistry; photosynthesis; phytoplankton; plankton; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; testing; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of sediment toxicity test methods at three Great Lake areas of concern AN - 51759115; 2005-010570 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Burton, G Allen, Jr AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Burnett, LouAnn C AU - Henry, Mary AU - Hinman, Mark L AU - Klaine, Stephen J AU - Landrum, Peter F AU - Ross, Philippe AU - Tuchman, Marc A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 495 EP - 511 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - Calumet River KW - ecosystems KW - Hexagenia KW - algae KW - environmental analysis KW - Hyalella KW - Pisces KW - Malacostraca KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - Insecta KW - Ceriodaphnia KW - North America KW - Plantae KW - Chordata KW - Lemna KW - living taxa KW - Diporeia KW - Crustacea KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - Daphnia KW - Arthropoda KW - Amphipoda KW - Mandibulata KW - Chironomus KW - Hydrilla KW - bacteria KW - Pimephales KW - testing KW - Vertebrata KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51759115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+sediment+toxicity+test+methods+at+three+Great+Lake+areas+of+concern&rft.au=Burton%2C+G+Allen%2C+Jr%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BBurnett%2C+LouAnn+C%3BHenry%2C+Mary%3BHinman%2C+Mark+L%3BKlaine%2C+Stephen+J%3BLandrum%2C+Peter+F%3BRoss%2C+Philippe%3BTuchman%2C+Marc&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; Amphipoda; Arthropoda; bacteria; bioassays; Buffalo River; Calumet River; Ceriodaphnia; Chironomus; Chordata; Crustacea; Daphnia; Diporeia; ecosystems; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Hexagenia; Hyalella; Hydrilla; Insecta; Invertebrata; Lemna; living taxa; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; North America; Pimephales; Pisces; Plantae; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; testing; toxicity; United States; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of Great Lakes sediments AN - 51758866; 2005-010578 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Papoulias, Diana M AU - Buckler, Denny R A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 591 EP - 601 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - Ames method KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - mutagenicity KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - sampling KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+Great+Lakes+sediments&rft.au=Papoulias%2C+Diana+M%3BBuckler%2C+Denny+R&rft.aulast=Papoulias&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ames method; aquatic environment; Buffalo River; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Michigan; mutagenicity; New York; North America; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sampling; sediments; stream sediments; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sampling benthic communities for sediment toxicity assessments using grab samplers and artificial substrates AN - 51758832; 2005-010575 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Swift, Michael C AU - Canfield, Timothy J AU - La Point, Thomas W A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 557 EP - 564 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - Little Scioto River KW - Vermes KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - substrates KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - Ohio KW - North America KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - Indiana Harbor KW - Montana KW - New York KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - Milltown Reservoir KW - grab sampling KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Sampling+benthic+communities+for+sediment+toxicity+assessments+using+grab+samplers+and+artificial+substrates&rft.au=Swift%2C+Michael+C%3BCanfield%2C+Timothy+J%3BLa+Point%2C+Thomas+W&rft.aulast=Swift&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=557&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; Buffalo River; ecosystems; environmental analysis; field studies; fluvial environment; grab sampling; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Invertebrata; Little Scioto River; Michigan; Milltown Reservoir; Montana; New York; North America; Ohio; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sampling; sediments; stream sediments; substrates; toxicity; United States; Vermes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization of the Ames/salmonella mutagenicity assay for use with extracts of aquatic sediments AN - 51758615; 2005-010577 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Papoulias, Diana M AU - Buckler, Denny R AU - Tillitt, Donald E A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 584 EP - 590 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - Ames method KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - mutagenicity KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - assays KW - New York KW - toxicity KW - chromatograms KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Optimization+of+the+Ames%2Fsalmonella+mutagenicity+assay+for+use+with+extracts+of+aquatic+sediments&rft.au=Papoulias%2C+Diana+M%3BBuckler%2C+Denny+R%3BTillitt%2C+Donald+E&rft.aulast=Papoulias&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=584&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ames method; aquatic environment; assays; Buffalo River; chromatograms; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Michigan; mutagenicity; New York; North America; optimization; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disposal of wastes and dredged sediments in the New York Bight AN - 51210363; 2000-048580 AB - This paper provides an historical overview of ocean disposal activities in the New York Bight under the federal ocean disposal program established by the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA) of 1972 and modified by the Ocean Dumping Ban Act (ODBA) of 1988 and the Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) of 1992. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for designating and managing ocean disposal sites, and for enforcing permit and statutory requirements. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is responsible for issuing dredged material permits; EPA, for all other ocean disposal permits. Programs have included those for acid waste, industrial waste, cellar dirt, woodburning at sea, municipal sewage sludge, and dredged material. The volumes, geographic extent, duration, regulations, and current status of these disposal activities are examined. Historical trends include increases in scientific research, public concern and involvement, government oversight, and the use of non-ocean alternatives, as well as a dramatic decrease in ocean disposal activities. JF - Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences AU - Massa, Audrey A AU - Del Vicario, Mario AU - Pabst, Douglas AU - Pechko, Patricia AU - Lechich, Alex AU - Stern, Eric A AU - Dieterich, Robert AU - May, Brian AU - Friedman, Gerald M Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 265 EP - 285 PB - Northeastern Science Foundation, Troy, NY VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 1933-2742, 1933-2742 KW - United States KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - Bight Apex KW - sewage KW - public policy KW - government agencies KW - waste disposal sites KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - environmental analysis KW - dredged materials KW - history KW - New York KW - planning KW - industrial waste KW - coastal environment KW - New York Bight KW - Hudson Valley KW - waste disposal KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51210363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.atitle=Disposal+of+wastes+and+dredged+sediments+in+the+New+York+Bight&rft.au=Massa%2C+Audrey+A%3BDel+Vicario%2C+Mario%3BPabst%2C+Douglas%3BPechko%2C+Patricia%3BLechich%2C+Alex%3BStern%2C+Eric+A%3BDieterich%2C+Robert%3BMay%2C+Brian%3BFriedman%2C+Gerald+M&rft.aulast=Massa&rft.aufirst=Audrey&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.issn=19332742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Waste management and dredged-material disposal in the nearshore environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; Bight Apex; coastal environment; dredged materials; environmental analysis; government agencies; history; Hudson Valley; industrial waste; New York; New York Bight; North Atlantic; Northwest Atlantic; planning; public policy; sewage; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Closure of the New York Bight 12-mile sewage sludge dumpsite; ecosystem responses with implications for resource management AN - 51210321; 2000-048584 AB - In the early 1970s, a large area of the New York Bight was closed to shellfish harvesting primarily due to microbial contamination from sewage sludge dumping for half a century at a site 12 miles off the coasts of New York and New Jersey. By the mid-1980s, no single policy issue of coastal water use generated as much public concern as that of ocean dumping of waste material, particularly sewage sludge. The 1987 closure of the sewage sludge dumpsite provided an opportunity to study the response of coastal living resources and their habitats to removal of a major source of contaminants and nutrients. In anticipation of the closure of the dumpsite, a multidisciplinary program was established which was based on a number of testable hypotheses related to expected changes in the habitats and biota. The field studies comprised monthly surveys for a minimum of 18 months preceding and 23 months following closure of the site in December 1987. Since 1989, selected variables have been monitored semi-annually. Following cessation of dumping, significant changes occurred in bottom-water and surface-sediment quality. These included precipitous decreases in levels of coliform bacteria at several study sites and slower declines in concentrations of labile organic material, Clostridium perfringens spores, and trace metals. Seabed oxygen consumption decreased and was accompanied by increased sediment redox potential resulting in mitigation of annual hypoxic conditions by >2 mg/L. Shifts in the macrobenthic community (greater diversity and lower abundances of species associated with organic carbon pollution) were correlated with the changing environmental conditions, particularly increased oxygenation. No statistically significant changes were detected in abundances of fishes during the 39 months they were studied. However, lobster abundance increased, accompanied by an increase in the number of lobster traps (the latter possibly due to a perceived decrease on the part of the lobstermen in the rate of fouling). Selected variables have been followed since 1989 to permit testing of statistical trend forecasts. For example, through 1995, Clostridium perfringens spore counts have continued a slow, steady decline projected to continue for 7 to 10 more years. Results from this study help to establish a sound scientific basis on which managers can consider resources when wastes are introduced to coastal marine systems. JF - Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences AU - Draxler, A F J AU - Studholme, A L AU - Zdanowicz, V S AU - Reid, R N AU - Vitaliano, J J AU - Wilk, S J AU - Katz, I AU - O'Reilly, J E AU - Friedman, Gerald M Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 293 EP - 303 PB - Northeastern Science Foundation, Troy, NY VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 1933-2742, 1933-2742 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - biodegradation KW - benthic taxa KW - sewage KW - pollutants KW - public policy KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - preventive measures KW - New York KW - marine environment KW - surveys KW - New York Bight KW - waste disposal KW - resource management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51210321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.atitle=Closure+of+the+New+York+Bight+12-mile+sewage+sludge+dumpsite%3B+ecosystem+responses+with+implications+for+resource+management&rft.au=Draxler%2C+A+F+J%3BStudholme%2C+A+L%3BZdanowicz%2C+V+S%3BReid%2C+R+N%3BVitaliano%2C+J+J%3BWilk%2C+S+J%3BKatz%2C+I%3BO%27Reilly%2C+J+E%3BFriedman%2C+Gerald+M&rft.aulast=Draxler&rft.aufirst=A+F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.issn=19332742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Waste management and dredged-material disposal in the nearshore environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; biodegradation; ecosystems; environmental analysis; marine environment; New York; New York Bight; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; public policy; resource management; sewage; surveys; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial analysis of bathymetry with ecological indicators in Chesapeake Bay AN - 51157653; 2003-062304 JF - ESRI Map Book AU - Copeland, Jane AU - Comeleo, Randy AU - Paul, John F Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 64 PB - Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, CA VL - 11 SN - 1540-4145, 1540-4145 KW - United States KW - programs KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Virginia KW - oxygen KW - cartography KW - ArcGIS KW - data processing KW - solutes KW - ArcInfo KW - indicators KW - environmental analysis KW - geographic information systems KW - dissolved oxygen KW - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program KW - EMAP KW - information systems KW - ecology KW - applications KW - Maryland KW - bathymetry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51157653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ESRI+Map+Book&rft.atitle=Spatial+analysis+of+bathymetry+with+ecological+indicators+in+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Copeland%2C+Jane%3BComeleo%2C+Randy%3BPaul%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ESRI+Map+Book&rft.issn=15404145&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; ArcGIS; ArcInfo; bathymetry; cartography; Chesapeake Bay; data processing; dissolved oxygen; ecology; EMAP; environmental analysis; Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program; geographic information systems; indicators; information systems; Maryland; oxygen; programs; solutes; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approximation of biodegradation rate constants for monoaromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) in ground water AN - 51058758; 1996-079059 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Miller, Ross H AU - Hansen, Jerry E Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 186 EP - 194 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - sorption KW - contaminant plumes KW - toluene KW - one-dimensional models KW - Davis County Utah KW - observation wells KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - volatilization KW - transport KW - oil spills KW - tracers KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - rates KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - dilution KW - Hill Air Force Base KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - Utah KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51058758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Approximation+of+biodegradation+rate+constants+for+monoaromatic+hydrocarbons+%28BTEX%29+in+ground+water&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BMiller%2C+Ross+H%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; contaminant plumes; Davis County Utah; dilution; ground water; Hill Air Force Base; hydrocarbons; models; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; observation wells; oil spills; one-dimensional models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; rates; remediation; solutes; sorption; steady-state processes; toluene; tracers; transport; United States; Utah; volatilization; wells; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparability of large-scale studies of agricultural chemical contamination of rural private wells AN - 51050948; 1996-071192 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Ray, Chittaranjan AU - Schock, Susan C Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 92 EP - 102 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - detection limit KW - techniques KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - simazine KW - sampling KW - agrochemicals KW - alachlor KW - nitrate ion KW - chemical composition KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - metolachlor KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - atrazine KW - rural environment KW - pesticides KW - water wells KW - National Pesticide Survey KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51050948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Comparability+of+large-scale+studies+of+agricultural+chemical+contamination+of+rural+private+wells&rft.au=Ray%2C+Chittaranjan%3BSchock%2C+Susan+C&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=Chittaranjan&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; alachlor; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; atrazine; chemical composition; concentration; detection; detection limit; drinking water; ground water; herbicides; metolachlor; National Pesticide Survey; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; rural environment; sampling; simazine; techniques; triazines; United States; water quality; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benefits and costs of wellhead protection AN - 51050082; 1996-071187 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Job, Charles A Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 65 EP - 68 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - protection KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - cost KW - preventive measures KW - urban environment KW - ground water KW - wellhead protection KW - rural environment KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51050082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Benefits+and+costs+of+wellhead+protection&rft.au=Job%2C+Charles+A&rft.aulast=Job&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; cost; ground water; legislation; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; protection; regulations; rural environment; United States; urban environment; water resources; water wells; wellhead protection; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compatibility of NAPLs and other organic compounds with materials used in well construction, sampling, and remediation AN - 51046523; 1997-034451 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - McCaulou, Douglas R AU - Jewett, David G AU - Huling, Scott G Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 125 EP - 131 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - hazardous waste KW - corrosion KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - sealing KW - degradation KW - creosote KW - chemical waste KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - preventive measures KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - infiltration KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - water wells KW - construction KW - construction materials KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51046523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Compatibility+of+NAPLs+and+other+organic+compounds+with+materials+used+in+well+construction%2C+sampling%2C+and+remediation&rft.au=McCaulou%2C+Douglas+R%3BJewett%2C+David+G%3BHuling%2C+Scott+G&rft.aulast=McCaulou&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical properties; chemical waste; construction; construction materials; corrosion; creosote; degradation; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; ground water; hazardous waste; industrial waste; infiltration; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; preventive measures; sealing; solvents; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The mining history and environmental clean-up at the Summitville Mine AN - 51033776; 1998-037425 JF - Colorado Geological Survey Open-File Report AU - Ketellapper, Victor L AU - Pendleton, James A AU - Posey, Harry H AU - Long, Mike B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, CO SN - 0271-888X, 0271-888X KW - United States KW - water quality KW - mining KW - mines KW - heap leaching KW - acid mine drainage KW - site exploration KW - reclamation KW - surface water KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Summitville Mine KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - Colorado KW - abandoned mines KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51033776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Colorado+Geological+Survey+Open-File+Report&rft.atitle=The+mining+history+and+environmental+clean-up+at+the+Summitville+Mine&rft.au=Ketellapper%2C+Victor+L%3BPendleton%2C+James+A%3BPosey%2C+Harry+H%3BLong%2C+Mike+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ketellapper&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Colorado+Geological+Survey+Open-File+Report&rft.issn=0271888X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - SuppNotes - Field trip No. 20 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; acid mine drainage; Colorado; ground water; heap leaching; leaching; mines; mining; pollution; reclamation; remediation; Rio Grande County Colorado; site exploration; Summitville Mine; surface water; United States; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Illinois Source Water Protection Program; small system benefits; a groundwater perspective AN - 51029567; 1999-016748 JF - Proceedings, AWWA Annual Conference AU - Cobb, Richard P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 585 EP - 594 PB - American Water Works Association, Denver, CO VL - 1996, Vol. A SN - 0360-814X, 0360-814X KW - United States KW - protection KW - water quality KW - programs KW - Illinois Groundwater Protection Act 1987 KW - Marengo Illinois KW - Illinois KW - Illinois Source Water Protection Program KW - water management KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - Illinois Environmental Protection Agency KW - planning KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51029567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings%2C+AWWA+Annual+Conference&rft.atitle=Illinois+Source+Water+Protection+Program%3B+small+system+benefits%3B+a+groundwater+perspective&rft.au=Cobb%2C+Richard+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cobb&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996%2C+Vol.+A&rft.issue=&rft.spage=585&rft.isbn=089867879X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings%2C+AWWA+Annual+Conference&rft.issn=0360814X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Water Works Association, 1996 annual conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; drinking water; ground water; Illinois; Illinois Environmental Protection Agency; Illinois Groundwater Protection Act 1987; Illinois Source Water Protection Program; Marengo Illinois; planning; programs; protection; United States; water management; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Composition and morphology of late Quaternary carbonate deposits, outer continental shelf, Northeast Gulf of Mexico AN - 50938390; 1997-017849 AB - Organically-produced carbonate features are common on the outer continental shelf from east of the Mississippi River delta to the western rim of the De Soto Canyon. The features are composed of various assemblages of calcareous algae, chelostomes bryozoans, serpulid worms, foraminifrea, and corals. Lithologies are primarily bindstones with some associated wackestones and packstones. Marine and some possible meteoric cements are minor components. The features investigated to date occur in five morphologic configurations: pinnacles, flat-top reefs, patch reefs, reef-like mounds, and isobath parallel ridges. Pinnacles are high-relief, spire-like structures 10-50 m wide at their bases and up to 18m tall. They are found in an elongated, curved cluster in the southwest part of the study area at depths of 105-120 m and scattered in the far west at depths of 77-90 m. Flat-top reefs are broad, steep sided features up to 1000 m across and 15 m in vertical relief. They are located in the west-central region between 74-82 m. Patch reefs are mostly mushroom shaped with 1-5 m wide pedestal-like bases and bulbous tops up to 10 m across. They occur at depths of 74-84 m in at least two separate fields in the western region. Reef-like mounds are found along the western rim of the De Soto Canyon. They are 10-70 m wide, up to 4 m high and are found at depths of 70-80 m. Isobath parallel ridges are 10's to 100's of meters wide and up to 15 km long with seaward facing escarpments up to 8 m in relief. Most are confined to a depth range of 68-76 m. The carbonate material represents a crust over relict barrier island or longshore bar deposits. These organic features developed during the transgression following the last Wisconsinan lowstand. Subsequent growth accompanied sea level rise until they were either unable to keep pace with the rate of rise and drowned and/or were exposed to regional environmental changes, such as variations in magnitude or location of fresh water and sediment discharge, that were unsuitable for normal growth and reproduction. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Schroeder, W W AU - Benson, D J AU - Pearce, P J AU - Hancock, K M AU - Sager, W W AU - Howard, R O AU - Shultz, A W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 127 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 5 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - Bryozoa KW - Vermes KW - reefs KW - fresh water KW - algae KW - De Soto Canyon KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Wisconsinan KW - variations KW - relief KW - patch reefs KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Foraminifera KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - outer shelf KW - boundstone KW - pinnacle reefs KW - Anthozoa KW - Invertebrata KW - Louisiana KW - discharge KW - Plantae KW - Protista KW - Quaternary KW - assemblages KW - Mississippi Delta KW - northeastern Gulf of Mexico KW - Coelenterata KW - sea-level changes KW - upper Quaternary KW - Pleistocene KW - scarps KW - continental shelf KW - Cnidaria KW - North Atlantic KW - carbonate rocks KW - microfossils KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50938390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Composition+and+morphology+of+late+Quaternary+carbonate+deposits%2C+outer+continental+shelf%2C+Northeast+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+W+W%3BBenson%2C+D+J%3BPearce%2C+P+J%3BHancock%2C+K+M%3BSager%2C+W+W%3BHoward%2C+R+O%3BShultz%2C+A+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1996 annual convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; Anthozoa; assemblages; Atlantic Ocean; boundstone; Bryozoa; carbonate rocks; Cenozoic; Cnidaria; Coelenterata; continental shelf; De Soto Canyon; discharge; Foraminifera; fresh water; Gulf of Mexico; Invertebrata; Louisiana; microfossils; Mississippi Delta; North Atlantic; northeastern Gulf of Mexico; outer shelf; patch reefs; pinnacle reefs; Plantae; Pleistocene; Protista; Quaternary; reefs; relief; scarps; sea-level changes; sedimentary rocks; United States; upper Pleistocene; upper Quaternary; variations; Vermes; Wisconsinan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A composite model for assessing subsurface transport of oily wastes; verification and site application AN - 50937285; 1997-017629 AB - A composite numerical model incorporating multiphase flow and transport in the unsaturated and saturated zones has been developed for predicting the subsurface migration of oily wastes and dissolved constituents. The composite simulator consists of three major interconnected computational modules: (1) vertical multiphase flow and transport in the unsaturated zone, (2) areal movement of the free-product lens in the saturated zone, and (3) constituent 3-D transport of dissolved chemical in ambient groundwater. The model accounts for all key transport processes including infiltration and ambient flow of NAPL, entrapment of residual NAPL, adsorption, volatilization, degradation, dissolution of chemical constituents, and advective-dispersive transport. Two examples are presented to demonstrate the model verification and site application. The composite model also can simulate biochemical degradation and chemical reactions that produce transformation products. Simulation results obtained using the composite model are compared with a rigorous numerical solution and field observations of crude oil saturations and plume concentrations of total dissolved organic carbon at a spill site in Minnesota. These comparisons demonstrate the ability of the composite model to provide realistic depiction of field-scale situations in a computationally efficient and cost-effective manner. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Panday, S AU - Wu, Y S AU - Huyakorn, P S AU - Wade, S C AU - Saleem, Z A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 110 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 5 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - unsaturated zone KW - solution KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - volatilization KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - carbon KW - oil spills KW - crude oil KW - applications KW - organic carbon KW - organic materials KW - Minnesota KW - numerical models KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - petroleum products KW - advection KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved materials KW - infiltration KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50937285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=A+composite+model+for+assessing+subsurface+transport+of+oily+wastes%3B+verification+and+site+application&rft.au=Panday%2C+S%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BHuyakorn%2C+P+S%3BWade%2C+S+C%3BSaleem%2C+Z+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Panday&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1996 annual convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; advection; applications; carbon; chemical dispersion; contaminant plumes; crude oil; degradation; dissolved materials; ground water; infiltration; Minnesota; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; oil spills; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; saturated zone; simulation; solution; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; volatilization; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Case study 1; The Chesapeake Bay Programme, U.S.A. AN - 50934633; 1997-044407 JF - Reports and Studies - IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection (GESAMP) AU - Matuszeski, William AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 25 EP - 30 PB - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris VL - 61 SN - 1020-4873, 1020-4873 KW - United States KW - protection KW - water quality KW - programs KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Susquehanna River basin KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - nutrients KW - models KW - case studies KW - marine environment KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - estuarine environment KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50934633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reports+and+Studies+-+IMO%2FFAO%2FUNESCO-IOC%2FWMO%2FIAEA%2FUN%2FUNEP+Joint+Group+of+Experts+on+the+Scientific+Aspects+of+Marine+Environmental+Protection+%28GESAMP%29&rft.atitle=Case+study+1%3B+The+Chesapeake+Bay+Programme%2C+U.S.A.&rft.au=Matuszeski%2C+William%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Matuszeski&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=9251038562&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reports+and+Studies+-+IMO%2FFAO%2FUNESCO-IOC%2FWMO%2FIAEA%2FUN%2FUNEP+Joint+Group+of+Experts+on+the+Scientific+Aspects+of+Marine+Environmental+Protection+%28GESAMP%29&rft.issn=10204873&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; case studies; Chesapeake Bay; coastal environment; ecosystems; estuarine environment; marine environment; models; nutrients; policy; pollution; programs; protection; risk assessment; Susquehanna River basin; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U. S. Geological Survey protocol for measuring low levels of inorganic constituents, including trace elements, in surface-water samples AN - 50934373; 1997-055842 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Fitzgerald, Kathleen K AU - Miller, Timothy L AU - Horowitz, Arthur J AU - Demas, Charles R AU - Rickert, D A A2 - Morgan, James Howard Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 329 EP - 342 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1282 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - water quality KW - water supply KW - survey organizations KW - detection limit KW - U. S. Geological Survey KW - surface water KW - government agencies KW - pollution KW - standardization KW - samplers KW - research KW - errors KW - detection KW - sampling KW - quality control KW - trace elements KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50934373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+protocol+for+measuring+low+levels+of+inorganic+constituents%2C+including+trace+elements%2C+in+surface-water+samples&rft.au=Fitzgerald%2C+Kathleen+K%3BMiller%2C+Timothy+L%3BHorowitz%2C+Arthur+J%3BDemas%2C+Charles+R%3BRickert%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Fitzgerald&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1282&rft.issue=&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=0803120435&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Sampling environmental media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detection; detection limit; errors; government agencies; pollution; quality control; research; samplers; sampling; standardization; surface water; survey organizations; trace elements; U. S. Geological Survey; water quality; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life after death; lignin-humic relationships reexamined AN - 50334658; 1996-056456 JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Shevchenko, Sergey M AU - Bailey, George W Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 95 EP - 153 PB - CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - lignin KW - humification KW - humic acids KW - NMR spectra KW - infrared spectra KW - pyrolysis KW - carbon KW - chemical properties KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - biodegradation KW - pedogenesis KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - molecular structure KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - biogenic processes KW - detection KW - fulvic acids KW - transformations KW - microorganisms KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50334658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Life+after+death%3B+lignin-humic+relationships+reexamined&rft.au=Shevchenko%2C+Sergey+M%3BBailey%2C+George+W&rft.aulast=Shevchenko&rft.aufirst=Sergey&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 225 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; biogenic processes; carbon; chemical composition; chemical properties; detection; fulvic acids; heavy metals; humic acids; humic substances; humification; infrared spectra; lignin; microorganisms; molecular structure; NMR spectra; organic acids; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; oxidation; pedogenesis; physicochemical properties; pollution; pyrolysis; reduction; soils; spectra; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A preliminary evaluation of sediment quality assessment values for freshwater ecosystems AN - 50284017; 2005-010580 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Smith, Sherri L AU - MacDonald, Donald D AU - Keenleyside, Karen A AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Field, L Jay A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 624 EP - 638 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - benthic taxa KW - stream sediments KW - PCBs KW - fresh water KW - environmental analysis KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - probability KW - North America KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - threshold effect levels KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - lacustrine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - testing KW - trace metals KW - pesticides KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50284017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=A+preliminary+evaluation+of+sediment+quality+assessment+values+for+freshwater+ecosystems&rft.au=Smith%2C+Sherri+L%3BMacDonald%2C+Donald+D%3BKeenleyside%2C+Karen+A%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BField%2C+L+Jay&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Sherri&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=624&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; Canada; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; fresh water; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; probability; sediments; statistical analysis; stream sediments; testing; threshold effect levels; toxicity; trace metals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis procedure for and application of a device for simulating sediment entrainment AN - 50069930; 1996-020888 AB - The problem of estimating entrainment rates for cohesive bed sediments has been approached. An analysis procedure was developed for characterizing entrainment of cohesive bed sediments using a device called a Particle Entrainment Simulator (PES), which simulates bed shear effects on sediment entrainment. While most of the available techniques to calculate entrainment rates are based on theoretical parameterizations using the flow field, the PES technique and its method of analysis provide a tool to directly measure entrainment, under controlled laboratory settings, representative of existing or predicted conditions of bed stress, sediment compaction and cohesion, and (if any) bioturbation. The analysis procedure calculates entrainment rates using data generated from experiments conducted on sediment cores with the PES. The procedure was applied to determine entrainment rates for two different marine sites. The first, in Puget Sound, was used to validate the procedure with field data for a tidally-dominated period of time. Entrainment rates were calculated at a second site on Hudson Shelf Valley where storm generated wave and current effects are important. Suspended sediment concentration distributions in the water column were calculated at both sites using PES-generated entrainment-stress functions. Good agreement was reached between the calculated and observed suspended sediment concentrations at 5 m above the bed for the Puget Sound application. Observations were not available for suspended sediment concentration comparisons for the Hudson Shelf Valley application. JF - Marine Geology AU - Abdelrhman, Mohamed A AU - Paul, John F AU - Davis, Wayne R Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 337 EP - 350 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 129 IS - 3-4 SN - 0025-3227, 0025-3227 KW - United States KW - Northeast Pacific KW - shear stress KW - particle entrainment simulators KW - marine geology KW - turbulence KW - simulation KW - marine sedimentation KW - Hudson Shelf Valley KW - Puget Sound KW - sedimentation rates KW - East Pacific KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - Washington KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - sedimentation KW - cohesive materials KW - case studies KW - New York KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - New York Bight KW - North Atlantic KW - regression analysis KW - instruments KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - field studies KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50069930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geology&rft.atitle=Analysis+procedure+for+and+application+of+a+device+for+simulating+sediment+entrainment&rft.au=Abdelrhman%2C+Mohamed+A%3BPaul%2C+John+F%3BDavis%2C+Wayne+R&rft.aulast=Abdelrhman&rft.aufirst=Mohamed&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geology&rft.issn=00253227&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00253227 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - U. S. Environ. Prot. Agency, Narragansett Environ. Res. Lab., Contrib. No. 1524 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MAGEA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; case studies; cohesive materials; East Pacific; field studies; Hudson Shelf Valley; instruments; marine geology; marine sedimentation; New York; New York Bight; North Atlantic; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Northwest Atlantic; Pacific Ocean; particle entrainment simulators; Puget Sound; regression analysis; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; shear stress; simulation; statistical analysis; time series analysis; turbulence; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cholangioma in a wild-caught sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) from the northern Gulf of Mexico AN - 17089099; 3902475 AB - A single case of a cholangioma occurred in the liver of a wild-caught sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus). This is the first biliary neoplasm and second case of a hepatic neoplasm reported from a wild-caught speciment of this species. The findings further demonstrate the susceptibility of the sheepshead minnow to neoplasm development and add support to its selection as a subject for field monitoring of carcinogenic exposure. JF - Gulf Research Reports AU - Courtney, LA AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Gulf Ecol. Div., Cent. Mar. and Estuar. Dis. Res., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 211 EP - 213 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0072-9027, 0072-9027 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - chemical pollution KW - lesions KW - fish diseases KW - carcinogenesis KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Santa Rosa Sound KW - pollution indicators KW - indicator species KW - brackishwater fish KW - Brackish KW - Cyprinodon variegatus KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17089099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gulf+Research+Reports&rft.atitle=Cholangioma+in+a+wild-caught+sheepshead+minnow+%28Cyprinodon+variegatus%29+from+the+northern+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Courtney%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Courtney&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gulf+Research+Reports&rft.issn=00729027&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollution; lesions; carcinogenesis; fish diseases; indicator species; pollution indicators; brackishwater fish; Cyprinodon variegatus; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Florida, Santa Rosa Sound; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A microemulsification approach for removing organolead and gasoline from contaminated soil AN - 17074576; 3895549 AB - Remediation of soils contaminated with leaded gasoline due to leakage, spillage, and inappropriate disposal is an important environmental consideration. Columns of a loam soil initially saturated with saline solution (aqueous 0.01 M NaCl) were contaminated with 48 ml of leaded gasoline. The contaminated soil columns were then flushed sequentially with saline and surfactant/cosurfactant/water (S/CoS/W) solutions in order to investigate removal efficiencies for residual tetraethyl lead (TEL) and gasoline components. As expected, the saline solution immiscibly displaced only limited amounts of mobile gasoline and associated TEL (dissolving in gasoline) components from the soil columns. However, immobile or residual gasoline and associated TEL entrapped in the soil pores were removed primarily as the S/CoS/W solution produced leaded-gasoline-in-water (LG/W) microemulsions. The S/CoS/W solution removed 95% of the immobile gasoline and 90% of the immobile Pb from the soil columns when the initial saturation of leaded gasoline was approximately 30% (or 48 ml) in the soil columns. Mass balance analysis shows that one gram of surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate) removed 0.6 g of immobile gasoline and 2 mg of immobile Pb from the soil. These immobile gasoline and immobile Pb were not removable by NaCl solution. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Mansell, R S AU - Rhue, R D AD - CDSI, US-EPA, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 23 EP - 35 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - soil remediation KW - gasoline KW - oil spills KW - surfactants KW - lead KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17074576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=A+microemulsification+approach+for+removing+organolead+and+gasoline+from+contaminated+soil&rft.au=Ouyang%2C+Y%3BMansell%2C+R+S%3BRhue%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Ouyang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil remediation; gasoline; lead; surfactants; oil spills ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotransformation of 6,6-dimethylfulvene by Pseudomonas putida RE213 AN - 17070482; 3893704 AB - The biotransformation of 6,6-dimethylfulvene [5-(1-methylethylidene)-1,3-cyclopentadiene], a nonaromatic C sub(5) carbocyclic analog of isopropylbenzene, was examined by using Pseudomonas putida RE213, a Tn5-generated dihydrodiol-accumulating mutant of the isopropylbenzene-degrading strain P. putida RE204. 6,6-Dimethylfulvene was converted to a single chiral product identified as (+)-(1R,2S)-cis -1,2-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethylidene) 3-cyclopentene. This isopropylbenzene 2,3-dioxygenase-catalyzed transformation demonstrates the potential of bacterial arene dioxygenases for the direct conversion of cyclopentadienylidene compounds to homochiral C sub(5) carbocyclic cis-diols for use in enantiocontrolled organic syntheses. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Eaton, R W AU - Selifonov, SA AD - U.S. Environ. Protection Agency, NHEERL, Gulf Ecol. Div., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 756 EP - 760 VL - 62 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - 6,6-dimethylfulvene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - transformation KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17070482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Biotransformation+of+6%2C6-dimethylfulvene+by+Pseudomonas+putida+RE213&rft.au=Eaton%2C+R+W%3BSelifonov%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=756&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - transformation; Pseudomonas putida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of an ipb-lux fusion to study regulation of the isopropylbenzene catabolism operon of Pseudomonas putida RE204 and to detect hydrophobic pollutants in the environment AN - 17069308; 3893702 AB - A DNA segment involved in the regulation of the isopropylbenzene (cumene) catabolism operon (ipb) of plasmid pRE4 from Pseudomonas putida RE204 and the Vibrio fischeri luciferase genes, luxCDABE, were used to create an ipbRo/pA'-luxCDABE reporter fusion plasmid, pOS25. Escherichia coli HMS174(pOS25) produces light in the presence of inducers of the ipb operon. These inducers were shown to be hydrophobic compounds and to include monoalkylbenzenes, substituted benzenes and toluenes, some alkanes and cycloalkanes, chlorinated solvents, and naphthalenes. Complex hydrocarbon mixtures, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuels (JP-4 and JP-5), and creosote, were also inducers of ipb-lux. Bacteria carrying the ipb-lux reporter may be useful as bioindicators of hydrocarbon pollution in the environment and may be particularly valuable for examining the bioavailability of inducing pollutants. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Selifonova, O V AU - Eaton, R W AD - Gulf Ecol. Div., NHEERL, U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 778 EP - 783 VL - 62 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - ipb gene KW - isopropylbenzene KW - lux gene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - operons KW - gene fusion KW - pollutants KW - environments KW - pollution KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - catabolism KW - W2 32060:Microorganisms KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17069308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Use+of+an+ipb-lux+fusion+to+study+regulation+of+the+isopropylbenzene+catabolism+operon+of+Pseudomonas+putida+RE204+and+to+detect+hydrophobic+pollutants+in+the+environment&rft.au=Selifonova%2C+O+V%3BEaton%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Selifonova&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - operons; gene fusion; pollutants; environments; pollution; catabolism; Pseudomonas putida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil bioremediation research at EPA AN - 17059650; 3888677 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) in Cincinnati, Ohio has developed pilot-scale capability to evaluate bioremediation of contaminated soils with selected treatment technologies. Bench and pilot scale bioslurry reactors and pilot-scale in-vessel compost reactors serve as tools to estimate the treatment capability of larger systems. The current research is centered on the treatment of organic contaminants associated with the wood preserving industry and turn of the century municipal gas production sites such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pentachlorophenol. These research efforts are designed to identify the critical elements of each technology to permit a more informed selection and operation of these technologies for soil treatment. JF - Biocycle AU - Glaser, JA AU - Potter, CL AD - EPA Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 50 EP - 53 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0276-5055, 0276-5055 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - composting KW - bioremediation KW - EPA KW - organic compounds KW - soil remediation KW - bioreactors KW - research programs KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17059650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocycle&rft.atitle=Soil+bioremediation+research+at+EPA&rft.au=Glaser%2C+JA%3BPotter%2C+CL&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocycle&rft.issn=02765055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil remediation; bioremediation; EPA; research programs; organic compounds; composting; bioreactors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental accounting and EMSs AN - 17058276; 3888696 AB - For the typical company, a first step to preventing pollution is setting up a coherent system for evaluating and addressing the environmental implications of its activities. There is an abundance of commentary on the importance of managing environmental performance, and on approaches that an organization might take to create an environmental management system (EMS). However, many approaches fail to emphasize the significance of financial measurement in the successful implementation of an EMS. The discussion in this article underscores the importance of such financial measurement, demonstrates its applicability in achieving the measurement requirements of the EMS frameworks, and introduces approaches to measuring the environmental financial performance. JF - Pollution Prevention Review AU - McLaughlin, S AU - Elwood, H AD - Pollut. Prevention Div. EPA's Office Pollut. Prevention and Toxics, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 13 EP - 21 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1079-0276, 1079-0276 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution prevention KW - environment management KW - economics KW - measuring methods KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17058276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pollution+Prevention+Review&rft.atitle=Environmental+accounting+and+EMSs&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+S%3BElwood%2C+H&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pollution+Prevention+Review&rft.issn=10790276&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environment management; pollution prevention; measuring methods; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The road to embryologically based dose-response models AN - 17051769; 3882836 AB - The goal of researchers working in the area of developmental toxicology is to prevent adverse reproductive outcomes (early pregnancy loss, birth defects, reduced birth weight, and altered functional development) in humans due to exposures to environmental contaminants, therapeutic drugs, and other factors. To best achieve that goal, it is important that relevant information be gathered and assimilated in the risk assessment process. One of the major challenges of improved risk assessment is to better use all pertinent biological and mechanistic information. This may be done qualitatively (e.g., demonstrating that the experimental model is not appropriate for extrapolation purposes); semiquantitatively (using information to reduce the degree of uncertainty present under default extrapolation procedures), or quantitatively (formally describing the relationships between exposure and adverse outcome in mathematical forms, including components that directly reflect individual steps in the overall progression of toxicity). In this paper we review the recent advances in the risk assessment process for developmental toxicants and hypothesize on future directions that may revolutionize our thinking in this area. The road to these changes sometimes appears to be a well-mapped course on a relatively smooth surface; at other times the path is bumpy and obscure, while at still other times it is only a wish in the eye of the engineer to cross an uncharted and rugged environment. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Woodrow Setzer, R AD - Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 VL - 104 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - reviews KW - development KW - dose-response effects KW - mathematical models KW - risk assessment KW - pattern formation KW - teratogenicity KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17051769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+road+to+embryologically+based+dose-response+models&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BWoodrow+Setzer%2C+R&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+1+Sul.&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - risk assessment; reviews; dose-response effects; teratogenicity; pattern formation; development; mathematical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectra of chemical fractions of a complex mixture: Role of nitroarenes in the mutagenic specificity of municipal waste incinerator emissions AN - 17046773; 3876474 AB - Using an ion-exchange procedure coupled to a microsuspension Salmonella assay, we fractionated the dichloromethane-extractable particulate organics emitted by a municipal waste incinerator. Most (80-95%) of the mutagenic activity resided in the neutral/base fraction; however, the polar neutral fraction accounted for 12% of the direct-acting mutagenic activity. The mutagenic potencies of the whole extract and the various fractions were 4-15 times greater in the absence than in the presence of S9. Results with strains deficient in classical nitroreductase (TA98NR) and transacetylase (TA98/1,8-DNP sub(6)) indicated that a majority of the direct-acting mutagenicity was due to nitroarenes. This was confirmed by bioassay-directed subfractionation of the neutral/base faction by a cyanopropyl/HPLC method. The mutations in -3,000 revertants ( similar to 400 each induced in TA98 by the whole extract, the neutral/base and polar neutral fractions from the ion-exchange column and 3 of the neutral/base subfractions from the HPLC column; along with 200 revertants each induced by the model nitroarene 1-nitropyrene (1NP) in strains TA98, TA1538 and TA100) were analyzed by probe hybridization and PCR/DNA sequence analysis. The results indicated that nitroarenes such as 1NP that eluted in the neutral/base fraction accounted for at least 50% of the direct-acting mutagenicity and induced only a hotspot 2-base deletion in the sequence (CG) sub(4) in TA98. In contrast, most of the complex frameshifts (a frameshift with a flanking base substitution) induced by the whole extract were induced by nitroarenes other than 1NP that were activated by transacetylation and that eluted in the polar neutral fraction. This study (1) identifies nitroarenes as an important contributor to the mutagenic activity of the emissions from municipal waste incinerators; (2) confirms our previous conclusion that the mutation spectrum of a complex mixture reflects the dominance of particular classes of chemical mutagens within the mixture; and (3) demonstrates the possibility of isolating certain chemical fractions of a complex mixture that induce certain classes of mutations produced by the whole, unfractionated mixture. JF - Mutation Research AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Shelton, M L AU - Bell, DA AD - Environ. Carcinogenesis Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 20 VL - 349 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - nitroarenes KW - 1-nitropyrene KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - mutation KW - Ames test KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - incinerators KW - waste disposal KW - gas production KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17046773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectra+of+chemical+fractions+of+a+complex+mixture%3A+Role+of+nitroarenes+in+the+mutagenic+specificity+of+municipal+waste+incinerator+emissions&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BBell%2C+DA&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=349&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella typhimurium; mutation; Ames test; incinerators; gas production; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation; modeling removal of TNT and its breakdown products AN - 1703692746; 2015-074637 AB - Contamination of soil and groundwater by trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a widespread problem confronting military bases and ammunition manufacturing facilities throughout the United States. Phytoremediation provides a promising treatment of TNT-contaminated groundwater and wastewater because many plants contain the necessary enzymes to degrade explosives such as TNT. Two phytoremediation methods are proposed in this article: controlled reactors and constructed wetlands. Controlled reactors provide greater control of operating parameters, a reduced possibility of contaminant migration, control of animals feeding on the plants, and minimization of competition from other plant species. Constructed wetlands have relatively low capital costs, and the wetland becomes a desirable ecological resource. Because cost, as opposed to reactor size, appears to be the most significant factor for military base cleanup, this project focused on the constructed wetland approach. To estimate the disappearance of TNT and its breakdown products from a constructed wetland, a first-order, nonreversible reaction, plug-flow, finite-difference model was developed. Batch scale experiments were conducted to define disappearance kinetics for individual chemical species. The results of the model suggest that reasonably sized wetlands may be used to treat a wastestream with an influent TNT concentration of 2.25 ppm at flow rates ranging from 10 to 5,000 gpm. Economic comparisons to other published costs for competing technologies are promising. Abstract Copyright (1996), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Medina, Victor F AU - McCutcheon, Steven C Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 31 EP - 45 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - photosynthesis KW - technology KW - trinitrotoluene KW - preferential flow KW - enzymes KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - constructed wetlands KW - explosives KW - decontamination KW - leachate KW - phytoremediation KW - soils KW - photochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - wetlands KW - military facilities KW - proteins KW - aquatic environment KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703692746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation%3B+modeling+removal+of+TNT+and+its+breakdown+products&rft.au=Medina%2C+Victor+F%3BMcCutcheon%2C+Steven+C&rft.aulast=Medina&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440070105 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; bioremediation; constructed wetlands; cost; decontamination; enzymes; explosives; ground water; leachate; microorganisms; military facilities; models; organic compounds; photochemistry; photosynthesis; phytoremediation; pollution; preferential flow; proteins; remediation; soils; technology; trinitrotoluene; United States; wetlands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440070105 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New EPA program targets pathogens in drinking water AN - 17018548; 3853956 AB - Waterborne disease is a particular concern for the Environmental Protection Agency because it still occurs at unacceptable levels. Between 1986 and 1992, 110 waterborne-disease outbreaks affecting 47,000 people were reported, and the EPA believes that the values are dwarfed by the unreported outbreaks and cases. Currently, the EPA has regulations for 80 chemicals and microbial contaminants. Yet a number of disease-causing microorganisms and hazardous chemicals still may threaten many source waters and drinking waters. In a number of outbreaks, the contaminants remain undetected, either due to inadequate analytical methods or lack of recognition that they are dangerous and therefore should be monitored and/or controlled. In many communities, the vast network of pipes distributing water is deteriorating, making systems more vulnerable to fecal contamination and hazardous chemicals. JF - Environmental Protection AU - Berger, P S AD - EPA OGWDW, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 20 EP - 25 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1057-4298, 1057-4298 KW - water distribution systems KW - microbial contamination KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - pathogens KW - diseases KW - drinking water KW - pipes KW - USA KW - microorganisms KW - public health KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17018548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Protection&rft.atitle=New+EPA+program+targets+pathogens+in+drinking+water&rft.au=Berger%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Protection&rft.issn=10574298&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pathogens; drinking water; diseases; public health; microorganisms; water distribution systems; pipes; USA; microbial contamination ER - TY - CONF T1 - Is ingested inorganic arsenic a "threshold" carcinogen? AN - 17009757; 3846022 AB - Ingested inorganic arsenic (As) is known to be a human carcinogen. An intriguing question is whether there is a threshold for the carcinogenic effects of As, i.e., is there a level below which it does not induce the development of cancer(s)? This Roundtable will discuss the United States Environmental Protection Agency's As risk assessment using the Taiwan data from different viewpoints. It will also consider the hypothesis that there is a threshold for As and data for or against this hypothesis. For example, some scientists believe that epidemiological data cannot answer this question, while others feel that different study designs and larger sampling will provide adequate data. Reasons for each position are given. This Roundtable discussion demonstrates the controversy surrounding the use of the Taiwan data for risk assessment. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Abernathy, C O AU - Chappell, W R AU - Meek, ME AU - Gibb, H AU - Guo, H-R Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 168 EP - 175 VL - 29 IS - 2 KW - arsenic KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Taiwan KW - conferences KW - carcinogens KW - ingestion KW - risk assessment KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17009757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Is+ingested+inorganic+arsenic+a+%22threshold%22+carcinogen%3F&rft.au=Abernathy%2C+C+O%3BChappell%2C+W+R%3BMeek%2C+ME%3BGibb%2C+H%3BGuo%2C+H-R&rft.aulast=Abernathy&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk-based concentrations: Prioritizing environmental problems using limited data AN - 17006148; 3842925 AB - A difficult task faced by regulatory agencies is that of choosing, on the basis of limited data, which environmental problems to address. This paper incorporates USEPA risk assessment methods into a quantitative approach for prioritizing locations, contaminants and media according to potential health risk. USEPA has developed either a reference dose (a chronic dose without adverse effect) or slope factor (upper bound lifetime cancer risk per mg/kg/d) for many substances. This work combines these "toxicological constants" with predetermined risk levels (either a 10 super(-6) cancer risk or a chronic intake equal to the reference dose) and protective human exposure assumptions (e.g. 70-kg body mass, 30-year exposure, 2-1/d drinking water ingestion, etc.) to produce risk-based concentrations for 596 contaminants in air, drinking water, edible fish and soil. Because USEPA designed its methods to estimate upper bound risks, these risks-based concentrations are likely to be protective of human health. Regulatory officials can use this information to calculate numerical ratios between measured environmental levels and risk-based concentrations. These ratios serve as a surrogate for potential health impacts and can be used to prioritize problems for attention. Ratio calculation and ranking can be automated for searches of computerized environmental databases. JF - Toxicology AU - Smith, R L AD - U.S. EPA, Region 3, 841 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 243 EP - 266 VL - 106 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - risk assessment KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17006148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Risk-based+concentrations%3A+Prioritizing+environmental+problems+using+limited+data&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - risk assessment; toxicity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of albendazole resistance in Giardia lamblia AN - 16474188; 4345694 AB - Previous studies have shown that Giardia lamblia resistance to metronidazole can be induced in the laboratory, and treatment failures with this drug have also been documented. As replacement therapies, anthelmintic benzimidazoles have antigiardial activity with few clinical side effects. Albendazole has the greatest antigiardial activity of anthelmintic benzimidazoles tested and is effective in vivo. Although Chavez et al. failed to subculture albendazole-exposed G. lamblia, some patient isolates have shown decreased in vitro sensitivity to this drug. In this study, in vitro resistance to albendazole was induced in G. lamblia by a method similar to that reported by Townson et al. JF - Microbial Drug Resistance AU - Lindquist, HDA AD - Mail Stop 320, BARB/HERD/NERL, US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 433 EP - 434 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1076-6294, 1076-6294 KW - albendazole KW - drug resistance KW - giardiasis KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - A 01064:Microbial resistance KW - K 03063:Effects of physical & chemical factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16474188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Drug+Resistance&rft.atitle=Induction+of+albendazole+resistance+in+Giardia+lamblia&rft.au=Lindquist%2C+HDA&rft.aulast=Lindquist&rft.aufirst=HDA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Drug+Resistance&rft.issn=10766294&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Visual contrast sensitivity deficits in Bohemian children AN - 15943382; 4056222 AB - Visual contrast sensitivity (VCS) tests have been used successfully in medical diagnosis and subclinical neurotoxicity detection. This paper reports VCS measurements in three studies of children in the Czech Republic. Study 1 compared children in standard schools and schools for the learning disabled. Studies 2 and 3 compared children in Teplice, an area in which soft-brown coal combustion produced high levels of pollutants (e.g. Hg, As, SO sub(2), NO sub(x), and aromatic hydrocarbons), with children in areas of low air pollution, Znojmo and/or Prachatice. It was hypothesized that in utero exposure to the combustion products disrupted neurological development (Sram, 1991). The VCS test (Stereo Optical Co.) consisted of circular fields containing sinusoidal gratings at 5 spatial frequencies (1.5-18 cycles/degree) and various levels of contrast. Subjects indicated orientation of the gratings by pointing left, up, or right. Visual acuity and VCS were measured in each eye of 74 children in Study 1, 327 second-grade children in Study 2, and 426 fourth-grade children in Study 3. Hair samples were collected in Studies 2 and 3 and analyzed for Hg and As content. Children attending schools for the learning disabled scored significantly lower than controls on VCS, whereas visual acuity was normal. The deficit was greatest at mid- to high spatial frequency. In Study 2, significant VCS deficits were seen in exposed second-grade children at low to mid-spatial frequency, even though visual acuity was slightly above control level. Regression analyses showed that VCS had no relationship to As, but a significant negative correlation with hair Hg was observed in the exposed district. However, current Hg levels were higher in Prachatice. VCS deficits were not observed in the fourth-grade students of Teplice in Study 3. The results of Study 1 indicated that behavioral VCS testing in field studies is practical in young, non-English speaking children, and suggested that vision may be compromised in learning-disabled children. Studies 2 and 3 indicated that at these levels, current Hg body-burdens are poor predictors of VCS. If the VCS deficits seen in Study 2 were related to prenatal exposures, the results of Study 3 suggest that they represent a developmental delay. A longitudinal-study design is needed to address this issue. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Skalik, I AU - Otto, D AU - House, D AU - Subrt, P AU - Sram, R AD - U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, NHEERL/NTD, MD-74B, Research Triangle Park, NC 2771, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 615 EP - 628 VL - 17 IS - 3-4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - man KW - mercury KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - vision KW - neurotoxicity KW - children KW - Czech Rep., Bohemia KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - N3 11105:Primates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15943382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Visual+contrast+sensitivity+deficits+in+Bohemian+children&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BSkalik%2C+I%3BOtto%2C+D%3BHouse%2C+D%3BSubrt%2C+P%3BSram%2C+R&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Czech Rep., Bohemia; mercury; neurotoxicity; vision; children ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental effects of trichloroacetonitrile administered in corn oil to pregnant Long-Evans rats AN - 15936029; 4056748 AB - Trichloroacetonitrile (TCAN) is a by-product of the chlorine disinfection of water containing natural organic material. When administered by gavage to pregnant Long-Evans rats in a medium-chain triglyceride vehicle, tricaprylin oil (Tricap), at a volume of 10 ml/kg, TCAN induced fetal cardiovascular anomalies at doses as low as 1 mg/kg/d (Smith et al., 1988). A slight but possibly biologically significant increase over the water control group in adverse pregnancy outcomes (resorptions, reduced fetal weight, and anomalies) was observed in the Tricap control group. This led us to reexamine the developmental effects of TCAN in a second vehicle, corn oil (CO). Five groups of approximately 20 pregnant female rats received TCAN in CO at 15, 35, 55, and 75 mg /kg/d, and in Tricap at 15 mg/kg/d (10 ml/kg dosing volume). Corn oil, Tricap, and water served as vehicle controls. Animals were treated by oral intubation on gestation d 6-18 (vaginal plug = d 0). Five out of 20 dams (75 mg/kg) died during treatment. Adjusted maternal weight gain was lower in females receiving 35 mg/kg TCAN or greater. The mean percent of nonlive implants per litter was elevated at 55 and 75 mg/kg TCAN (CO). The TCAN dose-response curve for fetal (but not maternal) effects was shifted to the right when CO was compared to Tricap. Fetal weight was reduced at 15 mg/kg TCAN (Tricap) and at greater than or equal to 55 mg/kg TCAN (CO). When TCAN was administered in CO, the mean frequency of soft-tissue malformations decreased with significantly fewer septal and great vessel cardiovascular defects observed. We hypothesize that the volatile haloacetonitrile, TCAN, may interact with the Tricap vehicle in such a way that effects on the developing cardiovascular system are potentiated. The lowest observed adverse effect level for TCAN (CO) was determined to be 35 kg/kg. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Christ, SA AU - Read, E J AU - Stober, JA AU - Smith, M K AD - (Rm. 642), EMSL, U.S. EPA, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 233 EP - 247 VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - rats KW - chlorine KW - trichloroacetonitrile KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - cardiovascular system KW - teratogenicity KW - water purification KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15936029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Developmental+effects+of+trichloroacetonitrile+administered+in+corn+oil+to+pregnant+Long-Evans+rats&rft.au=Christ%2C+SA%3BRead%2C+E+J%3BStober%2C+JA%3BSmith%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Christ&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water purification; teratogenicity; cardiovascular system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent developments in policy and science AN - 15928615; 4053561 AB - Preview of the national sediment quality survey: EPA's report to Congress on sediment contamination in the United States. JF - Remediation AU - Fox, CA AD - Off. Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 153 EP - 158 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - contamination KW - data bases KW - data collections KW - government policy KW - government programs KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Marine KW - pollution monitoring KW - marine pollution KW - brackishwater pollution KW - Brackish KW - sediment pollution KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - USA KW - freshwater pollution KW - aquatic environment KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15928615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation&rft.atitle=Recent+developments+in+policy+and+science&rft.au=Fox%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution monitoring; brackishwater pollution; marine pollution; freshwater pollution; data collections; sediment pollution; environmental protection; aquatic environment; data bases; contamination; government programs; USA; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perspective on the risk assessment process for endocrine-disruptive effects on wildlife and human health AN - 15921524; 265517 AB - Recently, it was hyphothesized that there are chemicals in the environment that, by virtue of their ability to effect endocrine function, are causing a variety of adverse effect in humans and wildlife. This paper emphasizes the similarities and differences between potential impacts of endocrine disrupting chemicals on wildlife and human populations from a risk assessment orientation. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Kavlock, Robert J AU - Ankley, Gerald T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 731 EP - 739 PB - PLENUM PUBL CORP, NEW YORK, NY, (USA) VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Endocrine disrupting chemicals KW - Endocrine disruption KW - Health effects KW - Health hazards KW - Health risks KW - Human populations KW - Toxic equivalency factor KW - Wildlife KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Endocrinology KW - Environmental impact KW - Diseases KW - Toxicity KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 461.6:MEDICINE KW - W4 914.1:ACCIDENTS AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15921524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Perspective+on+the+risk+assessment+process+for+endocrine-disruptive+effects+on+wildlife+and+human+health&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+Robert+J%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endocrinology; Environmental impact; Toxicity; Diseases ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rat strain- and gender-related differences in neurobehavioral screening: Acute trimethyltin neurotoxicity AN - 15901002; 4038259 AB - Trimethyltin (TMT) produces unique pathological and behavioral changes after a single dose. In this study, TMT was used to examine the ability of a neurobehavioral screening battery (functional observational battery and motor activity) to characterize these behavioral changes in rats. The behavioral profile of TMT was obtained using these tests in male Long-Evans (LE) and Fischer 344 (F344) rats, to assess the influence of rat strain, and in LE males and females, to evaluate gender-related differences. All rats were tested before dosing and again at 1, 7, 21, and 42 d after a single dose of either 0, 4, 6, or 8 mg/kg TMT-hydroxide (intravenously). In general, the characteristic syndrome of tremor, increased reactivity, and hyperactivity was observed; however, the magnitude and time course of these effects were much greater in F344 rats. Significant strain- but not gender-related differences were obtained when comparing TMT effects on different domains of neurological function. Comparisons of pre-dosing data between male LE and F344 rats, as well as between male and female LE rats, revealed significant differences in baseline values for about half of the measures of the test battery. These preexisting differences, however, could not account for the observed dissimilarities in treatment effects. Quantitative and qualitative differences were evident to a greater extent when comparing LEs and F344s than between males and females. Therefore, conclusions based on these types of neurobehavioral screening data would be influenced considerably more by the differences between rat strains. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Moser, V C AD - DABT, MD-74B, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 567 EP - 586 VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - rats KW - trimethyltin KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - locomotor activity KW - behavior KW - neurotoxicity KW - sex differences KW - X 24164:Pathology KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15901002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Rat+strain-+and+gender-related+differences+in+neurobehavioral+screening%3A+Acute+trimethyltin+neurotoxicity&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sex differences; neurotoxicity; behavior; locomotor activity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of cancer risk associated with exposure to chloroform AN - 15867033; 4025475 AB - Disinfection of drinking water by chlorination has been practiced in the United States and in the world since the beginning of 20th century, and has proven to be an effective means of controlling waterborne disease such as cholera and typhoid. In 1976, however, National Cancer Institute (NCI) confirmed an earlier study that chloroform, an oxidation product of organic material by chlorine, produced liver and kidney tumors in laboratory animals. The carcinogenicity of chloroform is of public concern since it is one of the most common chlorination by-product in drinking water. This paper is a part of the evaluation conducted by the authors on cancer risk assessment for chloroform that seeks to incorporate relevant data (pharmacokinetics, route of exposure, and mode of action, etc.) into consideration. This review only focus on two target tissues: liver and kidney. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C: Environmental Carcinogenesis and Ecotoxicology Reviews AU - Chiu, N AU - Orme-Zavaleta, J AU - Chiu, A AU - Chen, Chao AU - DeAngelo, A AU - Brattin, W AU - Blancato, J AD - OST (4304), U.S.EPA, 401 M St.SW, Washington DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 81 EP - 104 VL - C14 IS - 2 SN - 1059-0501, 1059-0501 KW - chloroform KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - drinking water KW - liver KW - chlorination KW - risk assessment KW - kidney KW - cancer KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - H SM10.21:CANCER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15867033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+cancer+risk+associated+with+exposure+to+chloroform&rft.au=Chiu%2C+N%3BOrme-Zavaleta%2C+J%3BChiu%2C+A%3BChen%2C+Chao%3BDeAngelo%2C+A%3BBrattin%2C+W%3BBlancato%2C+J&rft.aulast=Chiu&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=C14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.issn=10590501&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chloroform; cancer; risk assessment; drinking water; chlorination; liver; kidney ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lung inflammation after exposure to nonfibrous silicates increases with chelatable [Fe super(3+)] AN - 15865270; 4020399 AB - Lung exposures to complexes of coordinated iron can be associated with a neutrophilic alveolitis. We tested the hypothesis that lung inflammation after intratracheal instillation of mineral oxides in rats increases with surface-complexed [Fe super(3+)]. The 10 mineral oxides employed had measurable [Fe super(3+)] complexed to the dust surface. The metal was incompletely coordinated, as demonstrated by the ability of the particles to catalyze electron transfer and generate thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactive products of deoxyribose. After exclusion of those silicates containing structural iron within the crystal lattice, there was a significant correlation between the concentration of chelatable metal and TBA-reactive products (r = 0.82; p = .04) Four days after intratracheal instillation of the 10 mineral oxide particles into rats, lavage neutrophils and protein were significantly increased for all dusts compared to injected saline. Among those dusts with no structural iron, the correlation between chelatable iron concentrations and percentage neutrophils did not reach significance (r = 0.73; p = .10), but that between metal and lavage protein did (r = 0.80; p = .05). We conclude that (1) mineral oxides complex iron cations at the surface, (2) in vitro measures of oxidant generation increase with the concentration of surface iron among those dusts with no structural iron, and (3) acute inflammation following introduction of these particles into the lower respiratory tract also increases with surface iron concentrations among those mineral oxides with no structural iron. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Ghio, A J AU - Pritchard, R J AU - Lehmann, J R AU - Winsett, D W AU - Hatch, GE AD - MD58D, HSD, HERL, EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 11 EP - 28 VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - rats KW - silicon dioxide KW - iron KW - silicate KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - inflammation KW - lung KW - metals KW - minerals KW - X 24164:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15865270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Lung+inflammation+after+exposure+to+nonfibrous+silicates+increases+with+chelatable+%5BFe+super%283%2B%29%5D&rft.au=Ghio%2C+A+J%3BPritchard%2C+R+J%3BLehmann%2C+J+R%3BWinsett%2C+D+W%3BHatch%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Ghio&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - minerals; metals; lung; inflammation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protective effects of glutathione on bromodichloromethane in vivo toxicity and in vitro macromolecular binding in Fischer 344 rats AN - 15860279; 4020397 AB - Bromodichloromethane (BDCM), a carcinogenic water disinfection by-product, has been shown to be metabolized to intermediates that covalently bind to lipids and proteins, and this binding has been associated with trihalomethane-induced renal and hepatic toxicity. In this study, the effects of glutathione (GSH) on in vivo BDCM toxicity and in vitro BDCM macromolecular binding were evaluated. The in vivo toxicity of BDCM in animals pretreated with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, a glutathione synthesis inhibitor) and in untreated male Fischer 344 rats was investigated. In another experiment, covalent binding to protein and lipid was quantified after [ super(14)C]BDCM was incubated with hepatic microsomal and S9 fractions and renal microsomes from F344 rats, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, with and without added GSH. After oral dosing with BDCM, the BSO-pretreated animals had greatly increased levels of serum indicators of hepatotoxicity and serum and urinary indicators of nephrotoxicity compared to those in animals dosed solely with. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Gao, P AU - Thornton-Manning, J R AU - Pegram, R A AD - U.S. EPA, NHEERL, MD-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 145 EP - 159 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - rats KW - glutathione KW - bromodichloromethane KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - disinfection KW - drinking water KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15860279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Protective+effects+of+glutathione+on+bromodichloromethane+in+vivo+toxicity+and+in+vitro+macromolecular+binding+in+Fischer+344+rats&rft.au=Gao%2C+P%3BThornton-Manning%2C+J+R%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disinfection; drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic dispositional and toxicological effects of arsenate administered in drinking water to mice AN - 15852939; 4020338 AB - Exposure to the drinking water contaminant arsenate is a daily occurrence and there are concerns that this exposure may lead to cancer. Although the acute dispositional effects of arsenate have been studied in detail, there is minimal information on the disposition and toxicological effects of it after continuous exposure. The objective of this study was to examine in mice the effect of a 4-wk treatment with arsenate administered in drinking water. Female B6C3F1 mice (3/cage) were housed in metabolism cages and given water and food ad libitum. Two groups (A, B) of mice were treated (4 cages/treatment/group) with distilled water (control, C) or water containing 0.025 mg/L (L) or 2.5 mg/L (H) arsenate. Group A was sacrificed on d 28 and plasma and urine samples were taken for determination of clinical chemistry parameters. Liver and kidney tissue samples were taken for histopathological analysis. The reduced nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPSH) content in several tissues was determined. Group B was gavaged with [ super(73)As]arsenate on d 28 and continued the arsenate drinking water exposure for 48 h. Excreta and tissues were collected and analyzed for super(73)As. Urine was further analyzed for arsenate and its metabolites. There were no effects on the mean daily amount of water and food consumed, whereas the mean daily urine volume excreted was significantly elevated by 10% in the H-treated animals compared to C and L. A dose-related hepatic vacuolar degeneration in the liver was observed, but no histological changes were evident in the kidney. Only clinical chemistry parameters in plasma were altered by the arsenate treatment. Glucose was significantly lower at the H dose compared to C and L, triglycerides were significantly greater in C than L and H, and creatinine was significantly greater in H than C. Hepatic NPSH content in the H animals was significantly lower than C and L animals, whereas no effects in lung and kidney were detected. The weights of liver, lung, and kidney, as well as their tissue/body weight ratios, were significantly decreased in the H animals. super(73)As was primarily eliminated in urine, and its elimination was not affected by dose. No effects on the 48-h super(73)As cumulative excretion (urine + fecal) were detected. The super(73)As distribution was low in amount and widely dispersed throughout the animal (<3% of the super(73)As dose). The kidney had the highest super(73)As concentration of the tissues (0.01% super(73)As dose/g tissue). Dimethylarsinic acid was the major metabolite detected in urine, with lower amounts of arsenate, arsenite, and monomethylarsonate. There were no differences between the treatment groups in the amount of urinary metabolites after a single dose of [ super(73)As]arsenate. Several toxicological effects were observed in animals administered arsenate in drinking water, but no changes in the disposition of this arsenical were detected at the doses used in this study. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Hughes, M F AU - Thompson, D J AD - U.S. EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Lab, Experimental Toxicology Division, MD-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 177 EP - 196 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - mice KW - arsenate KW - arsenic KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - metabolism KW - drinking water KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15852939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Subchronic+dispositional+and+toxicological+effects+of+arsenate+administered+in+drinking+water+to+mice&rft.au=Hughes%2C+M+F%3BThompson%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - metabolism; drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The temporally integrated monitoring of ecosystems (TIME) project design. 2. Detection of regional acidification trends AN - 15843764; 4012003 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Stoddard, J L AU - Urquhart, N S AU - Newell, AD AU - Kugler, D AD - ManTech Environ. Technol., Inc., U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2529 EP - 2538 VL - 32 IS - 8 SN - 1919-2328, 1919-2328 KW - TIME KW - ANC KW - regional analysis KW - variability KW - temporal distribution KW - network design KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - lakes KW - ecosystems KW - USA, Northeast KW - air pollution control KW - neutralization KW - sulfates KW - surface water KW - water sampling KW - acidification KW - streams KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15843764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=The+temporally+integrated+monitoring+of+ecosystems+%28TIME%29+project+design.+2.+Detection+of+regional+acidification+trends&rft.au=Stoddard%2C+J+L%3BUrquhart%2C+N+S%3BNewell%2C+AD%3BKugler%2C+D&rft.aulast=Stoddard&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=19192328&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lakes; air pollution control; surface water; regional analysis; water sampling; neutralization; sulfates; variability; ecosystems; temporal distribution; network design; streams; acidification; USA, Northeast ER - TY - CONF T1 - Land use, the climate change action plan, and U.S. Department of Defense forests AN - 15843162; 4010035 AB - The Climate Change Action Plan (CCAP) commits the United States to reducing greenhouse gas emissions to their 1990 levels by the year 2000. Management to improve carbon (C) sequestration by forests may be one way to offset increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. A forest-inventory model and a forest-carbon model were used to calculate C pools and fluxes for the forests of Camp Shelby - a military training base in Mississippi. Research objectives were to model C pools and fluxes from 1990 through 2040, and to account for on-site and off-site C benefits as they relate to achieving the CCAP in Mississippi. In comparison with conservation management, tree harvesting for merchantable logs, fuelwood, or land-use change decreased C pools and sequestration rates, while reforestation increased C pools and sequestration rates. The production of lumber or fuelwood from the harvested trees contributed to off-site C benefits. However, only fuelwood produced long-term, off-site C benefits adequate to offset on-site C losses from harvesting trees. The reforestation scenario could provide about 1.3% of the C offset needed to obtain the CCAP in Mississippi. JF - GLOBAL WARMING SCIENCE AND POLICY.; WORLD RESOUR. REV. AU - Barker, J R AU - Baumgardner, G A AU - Lee, J J AU - McFarlane, J C Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 VL - pp. 23-35; vol. 8 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - forests KW - government policies KW - USA KW - greenhouse effect KW - land use KW - climatic changes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15843162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GLOBAL+WARMING+SCIENCE+AND+POLICY.%3B+WORLD+RESOUR.+REV.&rft.atitle=Land+use%2C+the+climate+change+action+plan%2C+and+U.S.+Department+of+Defense+forests&rft.au=Barker%2C+J+R%3BBaumgardner%2C+G+A%3BLee%2C+J+J%3BMcFarlane%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Barker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=pp.+23-35%3B+vol.+8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GLOBAL+WARMING+SCIENCE+AND+POLICY.%3B+WORLD+RESOUR.+REV.&rft.issn=10428011&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remediating pesticide contaminated soils using solvent extraction AN - 15836506; 4008961 AB - Bench-scale solvent extraction studies were performed on soil samples obtained from a Superfund site contaminated with high levels of p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE and toxaphene. The effectiveness of the solvent extraction process was assessed using methanol and 2-propanol as solvents over a wide range of operating conditions. It was demonstrated that a six-stage methanol extraction using a solvent-to-soil ratio of 1.6 can decrease pesticide levels in the soil by more than 99% and reduce the volume of material requiring further treatment by 25 times or more. The high solubility of the pesticides in methanol resulted in rapid extraction rates, with the system reaching quasi-equilibrium state in 30 minutes. The extraction efficiency was influenced by the number of extraction stages, the solvent-to-soil ratio, and the soil moisture content. Various methods were investigated to regenerate and recycle the solvent. Evaporation and solvent stripping are low cost and reliable methods for removing high pesticide concentrations from the solvent. For low concentrations, GAC adsorption may be used. Precipitating and filtering pesticides by adding water to the methanol/pesticide solution was not successful when tested with soil extracts. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Sahle-Demessie, E AU - Meckes, M C AU - Richardson, T L AD - US EPA, Natl. Manage. Res. Lab., MS 489, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 293 EP - 300 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - methanol KW - DDD KW - experimental data KW - soil water KW - solubility KW - solvent extraction KW - Superfund KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - remediation KW - solvents KW - recycling KW - DDE KW - soil contamination KW - DDT KW - pesticides KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15836506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Remediating+pesticide+contaminated+soils+using+solvent+extraction&rft.au=Sahle-Demessie%2C+E%3BMeckes%2C+M+C%3BRichardson%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Sahle-Demessie&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - methanol; soil contamination; pesticides; remediation; solvents; DDT; DDE; DDD; experimental data; soil water; solubility; recycling; solvent extraction; Superfund ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics of chromate reduction during naphthalene degradation in a mixed culture AN - 15835861; 256735 AB - A mixed culture of Bacillus sp. K1 and Sphingomonas paucimobilis EPA 505 was exposed to chromate and naphthalene. Batch experiments showed that chromate was reduced and naphthalene was degraded by the mixed culture. Chromate reduction occurred initially at a high rate followed by a decrease in rate until chromate reduction ceased. Chromate reduction decreased in the mixed culture when a lower ratio of S. paucimobilis EPA 505 to Bacillus sp. K1 was utilized. A kinetic model incorporating a term for the cell density ratio is proposed to describe chromate reduction in the mixed culture under both chromate limited and electron donor limited conditions. The validity of the model, and its parameter values, was verified by experimental data generated under a variety of initial population compositions and a broad range of chromate concentrations. The consistent result of experimental data with model predictions implies that the model is useful for evaluating the interactions and the use of mixed culture for chromate removal. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Shen, Hai AU - Hap Pritchard, P AU - Sewell, Guy W AD - U.S. EPA Natl Risk Management Research Lab, Ada, OK, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 357 EP - 363 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, NEW YORK, NY, (USA) VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - Bacillus sp KW - Batch cell culture KW - Cell density ratio KW - Chromates KW - Naphthalene KW - Reaction kinetics KW - Sphingomonas paucimobilis KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Reduction KW - Bacteria KW - Mathematical models KW - Degradation KW - W4 461.2:BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS KW - W4 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 804.2:INORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15835861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Kinetics+of+chromate+reduction+during+naphthalene+degradation+in+a+mixed+culture&rft.au=Shen%2C+Hai%3BHap+Pritchard%2C+P%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=Hai&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteria; Reduction; Mathematical models; Degradation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Off-target deposition of pesticides from agricultural aerial spray applications AN - 15815617; 253492 AB - The drift of pesticides at the times of aerial spray application is a source of concern due to potential impacts on human health, contamination of crops and livestock, and endangerment of sensitive ecological resources. A substantial body of information from field trials aimed at evaluating off-target deposition of pesticides from aerial spray applications was analyzed. Forty-five trials reported in the literature were extrapolated and normalized and quantitatively compared to trials performed during the summer of 1992 in Plainview, TX by SDTF. Overall, good agreement was observed. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Bird, Sandra L AU - Esterly, David M AU - Perry, Steven G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1095 EP - 1104 PB - AMERICAN SOC OF AGRONOMY INC, MADISON, WI, (USA) VL - 25 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Agricultural aerial spray applications KW - Health hazards KW - Livestock KW - Nozzles KW - Off target deposition KW - Spraying KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Environmental impact KW - Crops KW - Ecology KW - Wind KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 821.3:AGRICULTURAL METHODS KW - EE 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 802.3:CHEMICAL OPERATIONS KW - EE 821.2:AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS KW - W4 821.2:AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS KW - EE 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - EE 821.3:AGRICULTURAL METHODS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - EE 802.3:CHEMICAL OPERATIONS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15815617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Off-target+deposition+of+pesticides+from+agricultural+aerial+spray+applications&rft.au=Bird%2C+Sandra+L%3BEsterly%2C+David+M%3BPerry%2C+Steven+G&rft.aulast=Bird&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1095&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecology; Environmental impact; Spraying; Wind; Crops ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alkaline and neutral hydrolysis of four phenylurea herbicides AN - 15815434; 4005820 AB - The kinetics of hydrolysis of four phenylurea herbicides - fenuron, monuron, diuron and chloroxuron - were measured in aqueous alkaline solutions at temperatures of 64 degree C and 84 degree C and extrapolated to 25 degree C. At hydroxide concentrations greater than or equal to 8.6 x 10 super(-4) mol l super(-1), alkaline hydrolysis dominates but the reaction does not obey second-order kinetics and approaches a maximum value at concentrations > 0.1 mol l super(-1). The kinetic data support a mechanism of reaction proposed previously for the alkaline hydrolysis of trichloro- and trifluoroacetanilides. The mechanism is a hydroxide-ion-promoted equilibrium formation of a reactive tetrahedral intermediate anion that can either revert to the starting compound, decompose to products, or react with a second hydroxide to form a dianion prior to decomposition to products. Statistical analysis of the data suggests that the break-down of the reactive intermediate proceeds entirely via the path in which a second hydroxide removes a proton from the intermediate to yield a dianion that decomposes, whereas the path in which the intermediate breaks down without the assistance of OH super(-) is of no kinetic importance, even at hydroxide concentrations as low as 0.00086 mol l super(-1). Our hydrolysis rate constant measurements suggest that neutral hydrolysis is a major route of environmental degradation of the herbicides. The half-lives in years of the four ureas at 25 degree C and pH 7 are estimated to be 89 for fenuron, 66 for monuron, 41 for diuron, and 41 for chloroxuron. JF - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry AU - Sabaliunas, D AU - Ellington, J AU - Lekevicius, R AD - US EPA Environ. Res. Div., Athens, GA 30605-2700, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 123 EP - 134 VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0306-7319, 0306-7319 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - degradation KW - chemical reactions KW - urea pesticides KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrolysis KW - kinetics KW - fate of pollutants KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15815434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Alkaline+and+neutral+hydrolysis+of+four+phenylurea+herbicides&rft.au=Sabaliunas%2C+D%3BEllington%2C+J%3BLekevicius%2C+R&rft.aulast=Sabaliunas&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=03067319&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - statistical analysis; herbicides; kinetics; hydrolysis; degradation; chemical reactions; urea pesticides; fate of pollutants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enantiomeric selectivity in the environmental degradation of dichlorprop as determined by high-performance capillary electrophoresis AN - 15803231; 254414 AB - The chiral herbicide dichlorprop (2,4-dichlorophenoxy-2-propionic acid), which is sold and applied as the racemic mixture, was observed to degrade completely in soil within 31 days, with a half-life of 6.6 d. Degradation occurred with enantiomeric selectivity, indicating biologically mediated reactivity as opposed to strictly abiotic degradation. The S-(-)-isomer degraded significantly faster (T sub(1/2) identical with 4.4 d) than the R-(+)-isomer (t sub(HLF) identical with 8.7 d); this is contrary to other published results that show selective degradation of the R-(+)-enantiomer, although in other media. Soil samples taken from a field plot at increasing time intervals after application of Foxtril, a commercial herbicide formulation, were solvent-extracted and analyzed for total dichlorprop by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), using an acetate buffer at pH 4.7 Heptakis (2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)- beta -cyclodextrin, a chiral reagent, was then added to the buffer to effect separation of the (+)- and (-)-isomers of dichlorprop. Baseline resolution allowed calculation of relative concentrations (enantiomer ratios) of the two isomers. CZE is a fast and efficient technique for the analysis of ionic organic species (such as the anion of dichlorprop), including their enantiomers, in pesticide formulations as well as in environmental samples. It thus was possible to analyze Foxtril directly after dilution with water for ioxynil (2,6-diiodo-4-cyanophenol) as well as for dichlorprop. Ioxynil also was detected in the soil extract on the day of application. The hydrolysis product [methyl 2-nitro-5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) benzoic acid] of bifenox methyl ester, another herbicide component of Foxtril, was detected in the soil samples taken at 17 and 31 d. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Garrison, A W AU - Schmitt, P AU - Martens, D AU - Kettrup, A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2449 EP - 2455 PB - ACS, WASHINGTON, DC, (USA) VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Capillary zone electrophoresis KW - Degradation KW - Dichlorprop KW - Enantiomer ratios KW - Enantiomeric selectivity KW - Environmental engineering KW - Foxtril KW - Hydrolysis products KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Electrophoresis KW - Chemical analysis KW - EE 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - EE 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) KW - EE 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - EE 801.1:CHEMISTRY (GENERAL) KW - W4 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - EE 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 801.1:CHEMISTRY (GENERAL) KW - W4 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15803231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Enantiomeric+selectivity+in+the+environmental+degradation+of+dichlorprop+as+determined+by+high-performance+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.au=Garrison%2C+A+W%3BSchmitt%2C+P%3BMartens%2C+D%3BKettrup%2C+A&rft.aulast=Garrison&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrophoresis; Degradation; Chemical analysis; Environmental engineering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of biochemically inert insoluble particles by the EPA using rat inhalation data AN - 15781646; 245746 AB - Regulations pertaining to inhalable particulate matter are promulgated primarily by three program offices of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Pollution Prevention and Toxic Substances (OPPTS), Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS), and Mobile Sources (OMS). Risk assessment for these agents are carried out either by the program offices or by the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA), formerly the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment (OHEA). Particulate matter pollutants within the regulatory domain of OAQPS for which either quantitative or qualitative assessment of cancer risk has been carried out include asbestos, beryllium, cadmium, nickel refinery dust, nickel subsulfide, and ambient particulate matter of less than 10 mu m diameter (PM10). OPPTS has qualitatively evaluated manmade mineral fibers, titanium dioxide, and vermiculite. Asbestos is the only fiber for which cancer quantitation has been carried out. For several of these agents, risk is based upon human data with animal studies providing supporting data. Both qualitative and quantitative assessment of cancer risk from exposure to diesel engine emissions is under development by NCEA for OMS. Quantitative assessment of cancer risk from exposure to this agent is described as an example of EPA's approach to the use of rats for evaluation of cancer risk. The major uncertainties relating to this assessment include the appropriateness of rat data for assessing human risk and the selection of a low-dose extrapolation model. JF - Particulate Science and Technology AU - Pepelko, William E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 123 EP - 134 PB - TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, LONDON, (ENGL) VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0272-6351, 0272-6351 KW - Air quality KW - Air quality planning and standards (OAQPS) KW - Environment Protection Agency (EPA) KW - Exhaust gases KW - Health risks KW - Low dose extrapolation model KW - National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) KW - Particulate emissions KW - Pollution toxic substances KW - Rat inhalation data KW - Soot KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Carcinogens KW - W4 451.2:AIR POLLUTION CONTROL KW - W4 451.1:AIR POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 461:BIOENGINEERING KW - W4 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15781646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Particulate+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+carcinogenic+risk+of+biochemically+inert+insoluble+particles+by+the+EPA+using+rat+inhalation+data&rft.au=Pepelko%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Pepelko&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Particulate+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02726351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Carcinogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enrichment of marine sediment colloids with polychlorinated biphenyls: Trends resulting from PCB solubility and chlorination AN - 15776683; 3985394 AB - Colloids have been shown to significantly affect the bioavailability and transport of anthropogenic contaminants in the environment. In this study, the three phase distributions (i.e., dissolved, colloidal, and particulate) of approximately 75 PCB congeners were measured in a marine sediment core from New Bedford Harbor, MA. These distributions are the first report of colloid-PCB interactions in an environmentally contaminated sediment. Colloids <1.2 mu m in size were isolated from interstitial waters using reverse-phase chromatography with size-selected C sub(18). Regardless of solubility or chlorination, the majority of PCBs were associated with the particulate phase. PCBs were distributed in filtered interstitial waters between colloidal and dissolved phases as a function of solubility and degree of chlorination. Interstitial dissolved PCB concentrations generally agreed with literature-reported solubilities. The magnitude of colloid-PCB interactions increased with decreasing PCB solubility and increasing PCB chlorination. Di- and trichlorinated PCBs were approximately 40% and 65% colloidally bound, respectively, while tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, and octachlorinated PCBs were about 80% colloidally bound. As core depth increased, the magnitude of PCB-colloid interactions also increased. The relationships of organic carbon-normalized colloidal partitioning coefficient (K sub(COC)) to K sub(OW) for several PCB congeners were not linear and suggest that interstitial waters were not equilibrated. Possible explanations for disequilibria include slow colloid-PCB sorption kinetics, steric hindrance, and decreased colloid stability. These data support model laboratory studies that found that most nonpolar high molecular weight organic contaminants present in sediment interstitial waters are colloidally bound and not truly dissolved. JF - Environmental Science and Technology AU - Burgess, R M AU - McKinney, R A AU - Brown, WA AD - U.S. EPA AED, Narragansett, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2556 EP - 2566 VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - cores KW - fate KW - fate of pollutants KW - interstitial water KW - marine sediments KW - model studies KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - pore water KW - sediment concentration KW - sediment pollution KW - solubility KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - chlorination KW - Marine KW - colloids KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15776683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Enrichment+of+marine+sediment+colloids+with+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3A+Trends+resulting+from+PCB+solubility+and+chlorination&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BMcKinney%2C+R+A%3BBrown%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - colloids; sediment pollution; chlorination; solubility; pore water; PCB; cores; fate; PCB compounds; model studies; marine sediments; polychlorinated biphenyls; interstitial water; fate of pollutants; sediment concentration; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Confirmational identification of Escherichia coli, a comparison of genotypic and phenotypic assays for glutamate decarboxylase and beta -D-glucuronidase AN - 15773160; 3978810 AB - Genotypic and phenotypic assays for glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and beta -D-glucuronidase (GUD) were compared for their abilities to detect various strains of Escherichia coli and to discriminate among other bacterial species. Test strains included nonpathogenic E. coli, three major groups of diarrheagenic E. coli, three other non-coli Escherichia species, and various other gram-negative and -positive bacteria found in water. The genotypic assays were performed with hybridization probes generated by PCR amplification of 670- and 623-bp segments of the gadA/B (GAD) and uidA (GUD) genes, respectively. The GAD enzymes catalyze the alpha -decarboxylation of L-glutamic acid to yield gamma -aminobutyric acid and carbon dioxide, which are detected in the phenotypic assay by a pH-sensitive indicator dye. The phenotypic assay for GUD involves the transformation of 4-methylumbelliferyl- beta -D-glucuronide to the fluorogenic compound 4-methylumbelliferone. The GAD phenotypic assay detected the majority of the E. coli strains tested, whereas a number of these strains, including all representatives of the O157:H7 serotype and several nonpathogenic E. coli strains, gave negative results in the GUD assay. Both phenotypic assays detected some but not all strains from each of the four Shigella species. A strain of Citrobacter freundii was also detected by the GUD assay but not by the GAD assay. All E. coli and Shigella strains were detected with both the gadA/B and uidA probes. A few Escherichia fergusonii strains gave weak hybridization signals in response to both probes at 65 degree C but not at 68 degree C. None of the other bacterial species tested were detected by either probe. These results were consistent with previous reports which have indicated that the GAD phenotypic assay detects a wider range of E. coli strains than does the GUD assay and is also somewhat more specific for this species. The genotypic assays for the two enzymes were found to be equivalent in both of these respects and superior to both of the phenotypic assays in terms of the range of E. coli strains and isolates detected. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - McDaniels, A E AU - Rice, E W AU - Reyes, AL AU - Johnson, CH AU - Haugland, R A AU - Stelma, GN Jr AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 3350 EP - 3354 VL - 62 IS - 9 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - glutamate decarboxylase KW - b-glucuronidase KW - ^b-glucuronidase KW - beta -glucuronidase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Escherichia coli KW - typing KW - A 01006:Enzymes & cofactors KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15773160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Confirmational+identification+of+Escherichia+coli%2C+a+comparison+of+genotypic+and+phenotypic+assays+for+glutamate+decarboxylase+and+beta+-D-glucuronidase&rft.au=McDaniels%2C+A+E%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BReyes%2C+AL%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BHaugland%2C+R+A%3BStelma%2C+GN+Jr&rft.aulast=McDaniels&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3350&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; typing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical basis for EPA's proposed regulation on the cleanup of sites contaminated with radioactivity AN - 15763599; 3977689 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is proposing a regulation for the protection of the public from radioactive contamination at sites that are to be cleaned up and released for public use. The rule will apply to sites under the control of Federal agencies, and will impose limits on radiation doses to individuals living or working on a site following cleanup; it will thereby provide site owners and managers with uniform, consistent cleanup criteria for planning and carrying out remediation. This paper presents an overview of EPA's approach to assessing some of the beneficial and adverse effects associated with various possible values for the annual dose limit. In particular, it discusses the method developed to determine how the choice of cleanup criterion effects (1) the time-integrated potential numbers of non-fatal and fatal radiogenic cancers averted among future populations, (2) the occurrence of radiogenic cancers among remediation workers and the public caused by the cleanup process itself, and (3) the volumes of contaminated soil that may require remediation. The analytic methods described here were used to provide input data and assumptions for the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) that supports the proposed regulation; the RIA also considered non-radiological benefits and costs (i.e., public health, economic, and ecological) of the standards. JF - Health Physics AU - Wolbarst, AB AU - Mauro, J AU - Anigstein, R AU - Back, D AU - Bartlett, J W AU - Beres, D AU - Chan, D AU - Clark, ME AU - Doehnert, M AU - Durman, E AU - Hay, S AU - Hull, H B AU - Lailas, N AU - MacKinney, J AU - Ralston, L AD - US EPA, Off. Radiat. and Indoor Air (6603J), 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 644 EP - 660 VL - 71 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - federal regulations KW - EPA KW - remediation KW - government policy KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - radioactivity KW - pollution clean-up KW - legislation KW - USA KW - radioactive pollution KW - cancer KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15763599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Technical+basis+for+EPA%27s+proposed+regulation+on+the+cleanup+of+sites+contaminated+with+radioactivity&rft.au=Wolbarst%2C+AB%3BMauro%2C+J%3BAnigstein%2C+R%3BBack%2C+D%3BBartlett%2C+J+W%3BBeres%2C+D%3BChan%2C+D%3BClark%2C+ME%3BDoehnert%2C+M%3BDurman%2C+E%3BHay%2C+S%3BHull%2C+H+B%3BLailas%2C+N%3BMacKinney%2C+J%3BRalston%2C+L&rft.aulast=Wolbarst&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; federal regulations; EPA; radioactivity; pollution clean-up; cancer; remediation; radioactive pollution; legislation; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracking a Salmonella serovar typhimurium outbreak in Gideon, Missouri: Role of contaminant propagation modelling AN - 15758116; 3975875 AB - In early December of 1993, a waterborne disease outbreak was identified in Gideon, Missouri (USA). Initially 6-9 cases of diarrhoea were identified at a local nursing home. By 8 January 1994, 31 cases with laboratory confirmed salmonellosis had been identified. Seven nursing home residents exhibiting diarrhoeal illness died, four of whom were culture confirmed. It was estimated that approximately 44% of the 1104 residents, or almost 600 people, were affected with diarrhoea between 11 November and 27 December 1993. A system evaluation was conducted in which a computer model (EPANET) was used to develop scenarios, to explain possible contaminant transport in the Gideon system. It was concluded, based on this analysis, that the outbreak resulted from bird contamination in a municipal water storage tank. JF - Aqua - Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology AU - Clark, R M AU - Geldreich, EE AU - Fox, K R AU - Rice, E W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Barnick, JA AU - Abdesaken, F AD - Water Supply and Water Resour. Div., NRMRL, 26 W. Martin L. King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 171 EP - 183 VL - 45 IS - 4 SN - 0003-7214, 0003-7214 KW - USA, Missouri, Gideon KW - computer models KW - human diseases KW - municipal water KW - water-borne diseases KW - Aves KW - water supplies KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - birds KW - storage tanks KW - Salmonella KW - contamination KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15758116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aqua+-+Journal+of+Water+Supply%3A+Research+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Tracking+a+Salmonella+serovar+typhimurium+outbreak+in+Gideon%2C+Missouri%3A+Role+of+contaminant+propagation+modelling&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGeldreich%2C+EE%3BFox%2C+K+R%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BBarnick%2C+JA%3BAbdesaken%2C+F&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aqua+-+Journal+of+Water+Supply%3A+Research+and+Technology&rft.issn=00037214&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella; computer models; storage tanks; birds; contamination; human diseases; municipal water; water-borne diseases; Aves; water supplies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urine mutagenicity and biochemical effects of the drinking water mutagen, 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl) 5-hydroxy-2[5H]-furanone (MX), following repeated oral administration to mice and rats AN - 15756447; 3972824 AB - Mutagenicity analysis of urine from rats treated by oral gavage with MX at a dose of 64 mg/kg for 14 days revealed that only 0.3% of the administered compound was excreted in a genotoxically active form. At lower doses, mutagenicity was not detectable. No evidence of micronucleus induction in peripheral blood erythrocytes was observed in mice treated similarly. These findings indicate that MX is extensively detoxified in vivo and is unlikely to cause genetic damage in systemic tissues except at relatively high doses where detoxification pathways become saturated. In a separate experiment, significant depressions were observed in D-glucaric acid and thioether excretion and in levels of several liver enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. The mechanism for these metabolic alterations and their relevance to the in vivo metabolism of the compound require further investigation. JF - Toxicology AU - Meier, J R AU - Monarca, S AU - Patterson, K S AU - Villarini, M AU - Daniel, F B AU - Moretti, M AU - Pasquini, R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 59 EP - 70 VL - 110 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl) 5-hydroxy-2[5H]-furanone KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - chlorination KW - drinking water KW - mutagenicity KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15756447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Urine+mutagenicity+and+biochemical+effects+of+the+drinking+water+mutagen%2C+3-chloro-4-%28dichloromethyl%29+5-hydroxy-2%5B5H%5D-furanone+%28MX%29%2C+following+repeated+oral+administration+to+mice+and+rats&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BMonarca%2C+S%3BPatterson%2C+K+S%3BVillarini%2C+M%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BMoretti%2C+M%3BPasquini%2C+R&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mutagenicity; drinking water; chlorination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic developmental lead exposure increases the threshold for long-term potentiation in rat dentate gyrus in vivo AN - 15756437; 3977088 AB - Chronic developmental lead (Pb) exposure has been long associated with cognitive dysfunction in children and animals. In an attempt to more directly relate the behavioral observations of impaired cognitive ability to Pb-induced effects on neuronal activity, we utilized the long-term potentiation (LTP) model of neural plasticity to assess synaptic function. Male rats were chronically exposed to 0.2% Pb2+-acetate through the drinking water of the pregnant dam, and directly through their own water supply at weaning. As adults, field potentials evoked by perforant path stimulation were recorded in the dentate gyrus under urethane anesthesia. LTP threshold was determined by applying a series of stimulus trains of increasing intensities. Baseline testing of dentate gyrus field potentials indicated that input/output functions, maximal response amplitudes, and threshold currents required to evoke a population spike (PS) did not differ for control and Pb-exposed animals. Despite similarities in baseline synaptic transmission, Pb-exposed animals required a higher train intensity to evoke LTP than controls. With maximal train stimulation, however, control and Pb animals exhibited comparable levels of potentiation. These findings suggest that the mechanisms of LTP induction are preferentially impaired by Pb exposure. Although baseline synaptic transmission was not altered in Pb-exposed animals, decreases in glutamate release following high K+ perfusion and reductions in paired pulse facilitation have been reported in the intact animal. Pb-induced reductions in calcium influx through voltage-sensitive or N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent channels may mediate increases in LTP threshold. It is possible that the threshold changes in the induction of LTP reported here contribute to cognitive impairments associated with Pb exposure. JF - Brain Research AU - Gilbert, ME AU - Mack, C M AU - Lasley, S M AD - National Research Council, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 118 EP - 124 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 736 IS - 1-2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - long-term potentiation KW - lead KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - dentate gyrus KW - neurotoxicity KW - hippocampus KW - learning behavior KW - memory KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15756437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+Research&rft.atitle=Chronic+developmental+lead+exposure+increases+the+threshold+for+long-term+potentiation+in+rat+dentate+gyrus+in+vivo&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+ME%3BMack%2C+C+M%3BLasley%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=736&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+Research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dentate gyrus; hippocampus; neurotoxicity; learning behavior; memory ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape-level ecological regions: Linking state-level ecoregion frameworks with stream habitat classifications AN - 15755298; 3978316 AB - Regionalization is a form of spatial classification, where boundaries are drawn around areas that are relatively homogeneous in landscape characteristics. The process of delineating ecological regions, or ecoregions, includes the analysis of ecosystem structure. To date, ecoregions have been developed at national and state scales for research and resource management. Stream classification is another method to order the variability of aquatic habitats that spans spatial scales from microhabitat to valley segment. In this study, landscape-level ecoregions are developed for the upper Grande Ronde River basin in northeastern Oregon, 3000 sq km in area. The ecoregion framework presented here is proposed to bridge the gap between stream habitat and state-level ecoregion classifications. Classification at this scale is meant to address issues of management at local scales: to aid in sampling design, in extrapolation of the results of site-specific studies, and in the development of best management practices that are more predictive of ecosystem response than current methods. JF - Environmental Management AU - Bryce, SA AU - Clarke, SE AD - Dynamac Intl., Inc., US EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 297 EP - 311 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - ecosystem analysis KW - ecosystem structure KW - classification systems KW - stream biota KW - aquatic habitats KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - ecosystems KW - sampling KW - classification KW - USA, Oregon KW - D 04700:Management KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15755298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Landscape-level+ecological+regions%3A+Linking+state-level+ecoregion+frameworks+with+stream+habitat+classifications&rft.au=Bryce%2C+SA%3BClarke%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Bryce&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - stream biota; classification; ecosystems; aquatic habitats; sampling; USA, Oregon; ecosystem analysis; ecosystem structure; classification systems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Super hormones AN - 15749787; 3972573 AB - The glycoprotein hormones are a group of evolutionarily conserved hormones involved in the regulation of reproduction and metabolism. They are present in species as diverse as eels and humans. This family of hormones includes the gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) as well as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)--all produced in the pituitary gland--and chorionic gonadotropin (CG), produced in the placentas of horses, higher apes, and humans. All of them are heterodimers, consisting of an alpha -subunit ( similar to 15 kDa) and a beta -subunit (20-25 kDa), held together by tight hydrophobic bonds. Formation of the heterodimer is necessary for full biological activity. All of these hormones share, within a given species, a common alpha -subunit and a beta -subunit that is specific for each hormone. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Ruddon, R W AD - Corporate Office of Science and Technology, Johnson & Johnson, 410 George Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1224 VL - 14 IS - 10 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - chorionic gonadotropin KW - glycoprotein hormones KW - thyroid-stimulating hormone KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - reviews KW - metabolism KW - site-directed mutagenesis KW - reproduction KW - N 14100:Reviews KW - N 14681:Mutagenesis techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33000:General topics and reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15749787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Super+hormones&rft.au=Ruddon%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Ruddon&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews; metabolism; site-directed mutagenesis; reproduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute exposure of female hamsters to carbendazim (MBC) during meiosis results in aneuploid oocytes with subsequent arrest of embryonic cleavage and implantation AN - 15749115; 3972827 AB - A single oral dose of the fungicide and microtubule poison, MBC, administered to female hamsters at proestrus, results in infertility and early pregnancy loss (1). To characterize the site and mode of action of this effect, direct assessments of oocyte chromosomes, fertilization, and preimplantation embryo development were made. Female hamsters were given a single dose of MBC (1000 mg/kg) on the afternoon of proestrus (to coincide with meiotic maturation of the oocytes) and either killed shortly after ovulation (day 1) to recover oocytes, or bred and killed on gestation day (gd) 1 to 5 of pregnancy to assess fertilization and preimplantation embryo development and enumerate early implantation sites. Chromosome analysis in unfertilized oocytes revealed an MBC-induced increase in aneuploidy (37 vs. 14% in controls). When animals were bred after dosing, MBC had no effect on the number of oocytes recovered or fertilized. However, significant increases were found in the proportion of embryos that failed to reach the expected stage of development, namely, the eight-cell stage on the afternoon of gd 3, the morula stage by the morning of gd 4, and the blastocyst stage by the afternoon of gd 4 (a time when some embryos have implanted). The mean number of implantation sites, revealed by Evans Blue staining, was also significantly lower in treated females on the afternoon of gd 4 and the morning of gd 5. These simple direct assessments elucidated a mechanism of MBC-induced early pregnancy loss, induction of aneuploidy in oocytes. They also ruled out an effect on fertilization, but demonstrated a subsequent arrest of preimplantation embryonic development accompanied by a decrease in the likelihood of implantation. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Jeffay, S C AU - Libbus, B L AU - Barbee, R R AU - Perreault, S D AD - Darney, MD-72, NHEERL, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 183 EP - 189 PB - ELSEVIER VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - carbendazim KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - meiosis KW - embryos KW - oocytes KW - fungicides KW - implantation KW - aneuploidy KW - pesticides KW - X 24131:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15749115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+exposure+of+female+hamsters+to+carbendazim+%28MBC%29+during+meiosis+results+in+aneuploid+oocytes+with+subsequent+arrest+of+embryonic+cleavage+and+implantation&rft.au=Jeffay%2C+S+C%3BLibbus%2C+B+L%3BBarbee%2C+R+R%3BPerreault%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Jeffay&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticides; fungicides; oocytes; aneuploidy; meiosis; embryos; implantation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A carbon budget for Brazil: Influence of future land-use change AN - 15747301; 3974731 AB - Because of its large area of high C density forests and high deforestation rate, Brazil may play an important role in the global C cycle. The study reported here developed an estimate of Brazil's biotic CO sub(2)-C budget for the period 1990-2010. The analysis used a spreadsheet C accounting model based on three major components: a conceptual model of ecosystem C cycling, a recently completed vegetation classification developed from remote-sensing data, and published estimates of C density for each of the vegetation classes. The dynamics of the model came from estimates of disturbance to ecosystems that release C and estimates of recovery from past disturbance that store C. The model was projected into the future with three alternative estimates of the rate of future land use change. Under all three deforestation scenarios Brazil was a C source in the range of about 3-5 x 10 super(9) MgC over the 20-yr study period. JF - Climatic Change AU - Schroeder, P AD - ManTech Environ. Res. Serv. Corp., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 369 EP - 383 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - carbon KW - computer models KW - models KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - forests KW - forestry KW - ecosystems KW - Brazil KW - projections KW - carbon cycle KW - land use KW - remote sensing KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15747301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=A+carbon+budget+for+Brazil%3A+Influence+of+future+land-use+change&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+P&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special section on geoengineering. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - land use; carbon cycle; carbon; computer models; ecosystems; forestry; forests; remote sensing; projections; Brazil; models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation study of the influence of study design on the estimation of benchmark doses for developmental toxicity AN - 15747169; 233635 AB - The benchmark dose (BMD) approach is emerging as replacement to determination of the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) in noncancer risk assessment. This possibility raises the issue as to whether current study designs for endpoints such as developmental toxicity, optimized for detecting pair wise comparisons, could be improved for the purpose of calculating BMDs. This paper examines various aspects of study design on BMDs for two endpoints of developmental toxicity. Design performance was judged by the mean-squared error of the maximum likelihood estimate from the log-logistic model of the 5% added risk level, as well as by the length of its 95% confidence interval. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Kavlock, Robert J AU - Schmid, Judith E AU - Setzer, RWoodrow Jr AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 399 EP - 410 PB - PLENUM PUBL CORP, NEW YORK, NY, (USA) VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Benchmark dose KW - Calculations KW - Computer simulation KW - Developmental toxicity KW - Dose response KW - Drug dosage KW - Estimation KW - Log logistic model KW - Maximum likelihood estimate KW - Mean square error KW - Study design KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Mathematical models KW - Standards KW - Optimization KW - W4 921.5:OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES KW - W4 921.6:NUMERICAL METHODS KW - W4 461.6:MEDICINE KW - W4 914.1:ACCIDENTS AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION KW - W4 723.5:COMPUTER APPLICATIONS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15747169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Simulation+study+of+the+influence+of+study+design+on+the+estimation+of+benchmark+doses+for+developmental+toxicity&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+Robert+J%3BSchmid%2C+Judith+E%3BSetzer%2C+RWoodrow+Jr&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Mathematical models; Standards; Optimization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Repeated high dose oral exposure or continuous subcutaneous infusion of 2-methoxyacetic acid does not suppress humoral immunity in the mouse AN - 15743671; 3973160 AB - 2-Methoxyethanol (ME) has been shown to be immunosuppressive in rats but not mice, with oxidation of ME to 2-methoxyacetic acid (MAA) being a prerequisite for immunosuppression. MAA is more rapidly cleared by mice than rats, consequently this study was designed to determine if increasing the bioavailability of MAA in mice might play a role in this species difference. Female B6C3F1 mice were given MAA by oral multiple daily high doses or by continuous subcutaneous infusion via mini-osmotic pumps. Humoral immunity was evaluated in MAA-exposed mice using the plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to either sheep red blood cells (SRBC) or trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS). Female F344 rats were also used to compare the effects of multiple daily MAA exposure on these humoral immune responses. Rats and mice were dosed orally twice a day for 4 days by gavage with MAA at dosages ranging from 40-320 mg/kg/day and 240-1920 mg/kg/day, respectively. All animals were immunized on the first day of dosing and body and lymphoid organ weights and PFC responses to SRBC or TNP-LPS were evaluated 4 days later. While body weights in rats were unaffected, thymus weights were reduced at all dosages of MAA and spleen weights were reduced at 160 or 320 mg/kg/day. PFC responses to SRBC and TNP-LPS were suppressed in rats at dosages of 160 and 320 mg/kg/day. In contrast, thymus weights of mice were reduced only at 960 mg/kg/day or greater, with no effect on spleen or body weights. Furthermore, neither the PFC response to SRBC nor the response to TNP-LPS was suppressed in mice exposed to any oral dosage of MAA. In the continuous infusion study, mice were subcutaneously implanted with mini-osmotic pumps containing MAA which was delivered at 840 mg/kg/day over a 7-day period. Continuous exposure to MAA via mini-osmotic pumps did not suppress the PFC response to either SRBC or TNP-LPS, but rather significantly enhanced the response to TNP-LPS. These results indicate that mice are insensitive to MAA even at the high dosages given as a bolus or continuously over 1 week. The data further support earlier work, which suggested that the observed difference between rats and mice for MAA-induced immunosuppression appears to be unrelated to the availability of MAA to target lymphoid tissue in these rodent species. JF - Toxicology AU - Riddle, M M AU - Williams, W C AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 67 EP - 74 VL - 109 IS - 1 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - 2-methoxyacetic acid KW - mice KW - methyl cellosolve KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - immune response (humoral) KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15743671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Repeated+high+dose+oral+exposure+or+continuous+subcutaneous+infusion+of+2-methoxyacetic+acid+does+not+suppress+humoral+immunity+in+the+mouse&rft.au=Riddle%2C+M+M%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BSmialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Riddle&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - immune response (humoral) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conformational aspects of glutathione conjugates of chlorinated alkenes: A computational study AN - 15742000; 3973134 AB - The nephrotoxicity of halogenated alkenes is due to the beta -lyase mediated bioactivation of the hepatic glutathione (GS) conjugate to mutagenic or cytotoxic reactive species in kidney. Experimental evidence obtained for regioisomers and geometric isomers of haloalkene GS conjugates indicates that different isomers may be metabolized and excreted at different rates, follow different metabolic pathways, and exhibit different toxicities. Computational methods were applied in the present work to a conformational study of GS-haloalkene conjugates to determine the relative stabilities of possible regioisomers and geometric isomers of the conjugates. The halogenated alkenes studied were 1,1,2-trichloroethylene (TCE), hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD), and 1,1,2-trichloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene (TCTFP). Calculated energies of GS conjugate products were used to approximately infer relative product abundance under synthetic and in vivo conditions. This approach neglects differential solvent effects and enzyme selectivity and assumes a late transition state for GS conjugation and/or some thermodynamic control of the conjugation process. Relative population predictions of GS conjugate isomers, based on computed energies, were in agreement with experimental synthetic and in vivo isomer determinations in the case of TCE, where careful analytical characterization of the isomers was definitive. In the case of HCBD, where analytical determinations were not performed and isomer assignments were based on general reactivity concepts, calculations from the present study supported one GS conjugate isomer assignment and disagreed with the other. Finally, in the case of TCTFP, the calculations predicted that three isomers would have similar populations, whereas only two were detected in the experimental study. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Shim, J-Y AU - Richard, A M AD - MD-68, US-EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 667 EP - 675 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - glutathione KW - chlorinated alkenes KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15742000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Conformational+aspects+of+glutathione+conjugates+of+chlorinated+alkenes%3A+A+computational+study&rft.au=Shim%2C+J-Y%3BRichard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Shim&rft.aufirst=J-Y&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of fungal (penicillium chrysogenum) growth on three HVAC duct materials AN - 15741042; 232801 AB - Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of three types of ventilation duct materials (fibrous glass ductboard, galvanized steel, and insulated flexible duct) to fungal (P. chrysogenum) growth. Each sample was inoculated with spores of P. chrysogenum and incubated in a static chamber controlled at 97% relative humidity (RH) and 21 degree C for six weeks. Culturable spores on each sample were enumerated before and after incubation to determine the extent of fungal amplification. Experimental results suggest that dust accumulation and/or high humidity should be properly controlled in any HVAC duct to prevent the growth of P. chrysogenum. JF - Environment International AU - Chang, John CS AU - Foarde, Karin K AU - VanOsdell, Douglas W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 425 EP - 431 PB - PERGAMON PRESS INC, TARRYTOWN, NY, (USA) VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - Air conditioning ducts KW - Air quality KW - Atmospheric humidity KW - Fibrous glass ductboard KW - Galvanized steel KW - Glass fibers KW - Health hazards KW - Incubation KW - Indoor air quality KW - Inoculation KW - Insulated flexible duct KW - Penicillium chrysogenum KW - Soiling KW - Space heating KW - Spare emissions KW - Ventilation ducts KW - Wetting KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Contamination KW - Cell culture KW - Steel KW - Dust KW - W4 643.5:VENTILATION KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 643.1:SPACE HEATING KW - W4 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES KW - W4 619.1:PIPE, PIPING AND PIPELINES KW - W4 643.4:AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT AND COMPONENTS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15741042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+fungal+%28penicillium+chrysogenum%29+growth+on+three+HVAC+duct+materials&rft.au=Chang%2C+John+CS%3BFoarde%2C+Karin+K%3BVanOsdell%2C+Douglas+W&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Contamination; Cell culture; Steel; Dust ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Status of EPA's bioresponse-based testing program AN - 15739466; 229663 AB - Research and development has been supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) since 1990 to investigate the feasibility of using biological methods based on human, animal, or in vitro responses to characterize sources of indoor air emissions. The `bioresponse' methods being evaluated measure odor and sensory irritation of mucosal tissues in the eyes, nose, and upper airways. Chambers for creating controlled emissions from sources are basically the same as have been used for traditional studies of emission rates and chemical compositions. Studies of human subject responses to known odorous or sensory irritant chemicals using nose-only, eye-only, facial, and whole-body exposures are providing baseline data against which animal and in vitro results will be validated. The animal and in vitro methods being investigated measure changes in respiratory patterns and chemosensory evoked potentials. The status of current and future projects is reported. JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication AU - Tucker, WGene AU - Hudnell, HKenneth AU - Mason, Mark A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 321 EP - 330 IS - 1287 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - Air quality KW - Bioresponse KW - Emissions testing KW - Health risks KW - Particulate emissions KW - Physiological models KW - Sensory irritation KW - Sensory perception KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Environmental chambers KW - W4 454:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING KW - W4 451:AIR POLLUTION KW - W4 461.4:HUMAN ENGINEERING KW - W4 451.1:AIR POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 461.1:BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15739466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication&rft.atitle=Status+of+EPA%27s+bioresponse-based+testing+program&rft.au=Tucker%2C+WGene%3BHudnell%2C+HKenneth%3BMason%2C+Mark+A&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=WGene&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=1287&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental chambers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory study of biodegradation of lubricating oils in aquatic environments AN - 15734602; 226721 AB - A study on biodegradation of five different types of lubricating oils in aquatic environment has been completed in the laboratory and a methodology has been developed. The results show that the light oils were degraded readily; however, the removal rates were low. Up to 36% removal for the selected lubricating oils were achieved biologically after 70 days of operation. The overall removal of lubricating oils in this study could be expressed by first-order kinetics and the overall rate constants ranged from 0.0056 to 0.0084 1/day. This study indicated that the removal of the heavy oils by an abiotic process was higher than that in the light ones. JF - International Journal of Environmental Studies AU - Yongming, Xie AU - Sien, Sun AU - Zhenkui, Wang AU - Xiufen, Liu AU - Biswas, N AU - Bewtra, J K AD - Natl Environmental Protection Agency, Beijing, China Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - GORDON & BREACH SCIENCE PUBL INC, NEWARK, NJ, (USA) VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0020-7233, 0020-7233 KW - Abiotic process KW - Aquatic environment KW - Chemicals removal (water treatment) KW - Environmental engineering KW - Reaction kinetics KW - Surface waters KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biodegradation KW - Ecosystems KW - Microorganisms KW - Environmental protection KW - Water pollution KW - W4 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - W4 607.1:LUBRICANTS KW - W4 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - W4 454.3:ECOLOGY AND ECOSYSTEMS KW - W4 452.3:INDUSTRIAL WASTES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 444.1:SURFACE WATER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15734602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.atitle=Laboratory+study+of+biodegradation+of+lubricating+oils+in+aquatic+environments&rft.au=Yongming%2C+Xie%3BSien%2C+Sun%3BZhenkui%2C+Wang%3BXiufen%2C+Liu%3BBiswas%2C+N%3BBewtra%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Yongming&rft.aufirst=Xie&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.issn=00207233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biodegradation; Ecosystems; Microorganisms; Water pollution; Environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's research AN - 15733869; 226805 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and Development conducts research to aid the mission of EPA. In the past year, ORD initiated some of the most dramatic changes in EPA's history. ORD realigned EPA's organizational structure to use risk assessment and management as the main structural and priority-setting criteria. To simulate cutting edge research in areas vital to EPA, ORD strengthened its interaction with the larger scientific community by expanding its competitive extramural grants and fellowship program. Scientific peer review has been intensified to ensure its scientific and engineering research meets high standards of excellence. The implications of engineering and risk management research in EPA are discussed. JF - Military Engineer AU - Oppelt, ETimothy AD - Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 39 EP - 41 PB - SOC OF AMERICAN MILITARY ENGINEERS, ALEXANDRIA, VA, (USA) VL - 88 IS - 578 SN - 0026-3982, 0026-3982 KW - Drinking water disinfection KW - Endocrine disrupters KW - Engineering research KW - Environmental pollutants KW - Environmental protection agency KW - Health care KW - Health risks KW - Human health KW - Risk based criteria KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Disinfection KW - Ecosystems KW - Water treatment KW - Impurities KW - Environmental impact KW - Environmental protection KW - Pollution KW - Pollution control KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 901.3:ENGINEERING RESEARCH KW - W4 404.1:MILITARY ENGINEERING KW - W4 454.3:ECOLOGY AND ECOSYSTEMS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15733869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+Engineer&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+research&rft.au=Oppelt%2C+ETimothy&rft.aulast=Oppelt&rft.aufirst=ETimothy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=578&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+Engineer&rft.issn=00263982&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Disinfection; Water treatment; Ecosystems; Impurities; Environmental impact; Pollution; Environmental protection; Pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and characterization of a small chamber for chemical and biological evaluation of sources of indoor air contamination AN - 15732439; 229678 AB - The potential for emissions from materials used indoors to cause sensory irritation has prompted several researchers to adapt the mouse bioassay, ASTM E 981, for evaluation of irritancy potential of product emissions. Standardized test procedures that produce comparable results are needed if bioassays, such as ASTM E 981, are to be used to rank and compare products based upon the irritation potential of product emissions. We designed, constructed, and determined performance characteristics for a 34-L source emissions chamber, which mates directly to the 2.3-L mouse exposure chamber specified by ASTM E 981 and found the glass chamber to be without significant air leaks and background emissions. Reversible adsorption of decane and p-dichlorobenzene was noted. We found it necessary to add a circulation fan inside the chamber to create air velocities that are representative of those found in indoor environments. The well controlled thermal environment and straightforward connection of the chamber to the mouse exposure chamber used in ASTM E 981 are features that may make this chamber useful in development and evaluation of protocols for biological characterization of product emissions. JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication AU - Mason, Mark A AU - Roache, Nancy F AU - Guo, Zhishi AU - Costa, Daniel AD - US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 112 EP - 120 IS - 1287 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - Air quality KW - Bioassay KW - Chemical emissions characterization KW - Environmental testing KW - Health hazards KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Living systems studies KW - Particulate emissions KW - Sensory irritation KW - Sensory perception KW - Source characterization KW - Source emissions chamber KW - Volatile organic compounds KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Contamination KW - Physiology KW - W4 454:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING KW - W4 451.2:AIR POLLUTION CONTROL KW - W4 461.6:MEDICINE KW - W4 461.1:BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING KW - W4 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15732439?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication&rft.atitle=Design+and+characterization+of+a+small+chamber+for+chemical+and+biological+evaluation+of+sources+of+indoor+air+contamination&rft.au=Mason%2C+Mark+A%3BRoache%2C+Nancy+F%3BGuo%2C+Zhishi%3BCosta%2C+Daniel&rft.aulast=Mason&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=1287&rft.spage=112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Contamination; Physiology ER - TY - CONF T1 - Impact of bleached pulp mill effluents on the aquatic environment (the Swedish environment/cellulose project) - a case study AN - 15727834; 226788 AB - The extent of the biological effects in aquatic ecosystems that are caused by effluents from pulp industries, especially from bleaching process was studied in a joint biological/chemical field project consisting of several sub-projects. The principal study was devoted to the effects of biologically active chlorinated organic compounds. A receiving body of water for pulp bleach plant effluents at the Baltic Sea was chosen for the 3-year study. By exposing fish and benthic living organisms in the laboratory to sediment from the receiving water and to various mixtures of bleach plant effluents, the effects were further studied. JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling AU - Svanberg, Olof AU - Bengtsson, Bengt-Erik Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 189 EP - 199 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V., AMSTERDAM, (NETHERLANDS) VL - 16 IS - 1-4 KW - Aquatic environment KW - Bleached pulp KW - Bleached pulp mill effluents KW - Chlorinated material KW - Chlorine compounds KW - Coastal zones KW - Discharge (fluid mechanics) KW - Marine biology KW - Paper and pulp mills KW - Pollution catching KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Bleaching KW - Ecosystems KW - Environmental impact KW - Mass transfer KW - Water pollution KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 811.1.1:PAPERMAKING PROCESSES KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 452.3:INDUSTRIAL WASTES KW - W4 811.1.2:PAPERMAKING EQUIPMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15727834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.atitle=Impact+of+bleached+pulp+mill+effluents+on+the+aquatic+environment+%28the+Swedish+environment%2Fcellulose+project%29+-+a+case+study&rft.au=Svanberg%2C+Olof%3BBengtsson%2C+Bengt-Erik&rft.aulast=Svanberg&rft.aufirst=Olof&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.issn=09213449&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Medical waste management/incineration AN - 15725537; 221717 AB - Major changes in medical waste disposal practice are expected to occur in the future because of regulatory requirements from both the Federal and State level. Because of the information need to support the implementation of the regulations, both the Federal Government and the States have conducted various studies. This article discussed what has been learned from these studies. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Lee, C C AU - Huffman, G L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 30 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V., AMSTERDAM, (NETHERLANDS) VL - 48 IS - 1-3 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Hazardous materials KW - Health risks KW - Industrial waste treatment KW - Medical wastes KW - Technical presentations KW - Treatment technologies KW - Waste incinerators KW - Waste management KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Management KW - Standards KW - Waste disposal KW - W4 902.2:CODES AND STANDARDS KW - W4 903.2:INFORMATION DISSEMINATION KW - W4 452.4:INDUSTRIAL WASTES TREATMENT KW - W4 452.3:INDUSTRIAL WASTES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 912.2:MANAGEMENT KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15725537?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Medical+waste+management%2Fincineration&rft.au=Lee%2C+C+C%3BHuffman%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Management; Standards; Waste disposal ER - TY - CONF T1 - Monitoring of biological effects AN - 15721990; 226786 AB - Adequate methods and knowledge exist to monitor the coastal environment for nutrient pollution and effects on primarily primary production and subsequent impact in the form of eutrophication. However, when it comes to organic contaminants, there is difficulty on properly assessing the impact from environmental chemical monitoring of organic substances except for a limited number of cases. The use of ecoepidemiological methodology offers a promising complement to the traditional ecological indicators addressing structure and function of populations and communities. This tool is considered as an important component in integrated ecological monitoring programs. JF - Resources, Conservation and Recycling AU - Svanberg, Olof Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 351 EP - 360 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V., AMSTERDAM, (NETHERLANDS) VL - 16 IS - 1-4 KW - Baltic sea KW - Biological effect KW - Discharge (fluid mechanics) KW - Environmental monitoring KW - Fish KW - Marine biology KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Ecology KW - Ecosystems KW - Contamination KW - Impurities KW - Pesticides KW - Water pollution KW - Environmental protection KW - Pollution control KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 453:WATER POLLUTION KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 803:CHEMICAL AGENTS KW - W4 454.3:ECOLOGY AND ECOSYSTEMS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 631.1:FLUID FLOW (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15721990?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.atitle=Monitoring+of+biological+effects&rft.au=Svanberg%2C+Olof&rft.aulast=Svanberg&rft.aufirst=Olof&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=351&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Resources%2C+Conservation+and+Recycling&rft.issn=09213449&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identifying and evaluating alternatives to CFC-114 for navy shipboard chillers AN - 15713713; 216797 AB - The isomers HFC-236ea and HFC-236fa are potential non-ozone depleting replacements for CFC-114. These isomers have just completed preliminary toxicity evaluations, flammability tests, material compatibility tests, and engineering performance tests. Many parties have played a significant role in assisting in developing CFC-114 alternatives to replace CFC-114 in retrofitted Navy shipboard chillers. JF - ASHRAE Journal AU - Bare, Jane C AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 44 EP - 46 PB - ASHRAE, ATLANTA, GA, (USA) VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0001-2491, 0001-2491 KW - Chillers KW - Materials testing KW - Measurements KW - Performance KW - Refrigerators KW - Retrofitting KW - Toxicity testing KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Physical properties KW - Refrigerants KW - Standards KW - Toxicity KW - Models KW - W4 644.2:REFRIGERANTS KW - W4 902.2:CODES AND STANDARDS KW - W4 931.2:PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GASES, LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS KW - W4 804:CHEMICAL PRODUCTS GENERALLY KW - W4 644.3:REFRIGERATION EQUIPMENT AND COMPONENTS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15713713?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.atitle=Identifying+and+evaluating+alternatives+to+CFC-114+for+navy+shipboard+chillers&rft.au=Bare%2C+Jane+C&rft.aulast=Bare&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=44&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.issn=00012491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Physical properties; Standards; Refrigerants; Toxicity; Models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Background ozone in the planetary boundary layer over the United States AN - 15704317; 211966 AB - The background concentrations of O sub(3) serve to define a lower boundary with respect to reduction of O sub(3) by control of anthropogenic precursors. Similarly, background concentrations have implications with respect to the feasible National Ambient Air Quality Standards for O sub(3). This paper uses the associations between O sub(3) concentrations and photochemically generated reactive oxidized nitrogen species to calculate an intercept value in regression analysis which provided O sub(3) values compatible with the use of air quality measurements to estimate background O sub(3). The air quality measurements used are from more remote sites in the western US and Canada and also from coastal sites elsewhere in the northern hemisphere. This approach results in a stratification of background O sub(3) estimates between coastal and inland sites. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Altshuller, APaul AU - Lefohn, Allen S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 134 EP - 141 PB - AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC, PITTSBURGH, PA, (USA) VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Air quality KW - Database systems KW - Ozone aerometry KW - Planetary boundary layer KW - United States KW - Vegetation effects KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Boundary layers KW - Regression analysis KW - Health KW - Standards KW - Monitoring KW - Environmental protection KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 451.2:AIR POLLUTION CONTROL KW - W4 902.2:CODES AND STANDARDS KW - W4 804:CHEMICAL PRODUCTS GENERALLY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 631.1:FLUID FLOW (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15704317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Background+ozone+in+the+planetary+boundary+layer+over+the+United+States&rft.au=Altshuller%2C+APaul%3BLefohn%2C+Allen+S&rft.aulast=Altshuller&rft.aufirst=APaul&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Boundary layers; Regression analysis; Standards; Health; Monitoring; Environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor particles: a review AN - 15699839; 211965 AB - This paper reviews studies of particles indoors and outdoors, focusing particularly on large-scale surveys of homes and buildings. The observed indoor and outdoor particle concentrations are presented, together with the contributions of these studies toward understanding important parameters such as air exchange rates, source emission rates, and penetration factors. A crucial parameter for particle studies is the decay rate on surfaces, and a series of recent studies on this phenomenon is discussed. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Wallace, Lance AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Warrenton, VA, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 98 EP - 126 PB - AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC, PITTSBURGH, PA, (USA) VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Air exchange rate KW - Cigarette smoking KW - Coarse particles KW - Cooking KW - Fine particles KW - Health effects KW - Health risks KW - Human exposure KW - Morbidity KW - Mortality KW - Outdoor air sources KW - Particles (particulate matter) KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Smoke KW - Risk assessment KW - Houses KW - Mathematical models KW - Epidemiology KW - Standards KW - Buildings KW - Environmental protection KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 451.1:AIR POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS KW - W4 402.3:RESIDENCES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 402.1:INDUSTRIAL AND AGRICULTURAL BUILDINGS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15699839?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Indoor+particles%3A+a+review&rft.au=Wallace%2C+Lance&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=Lance&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Smoke; Houses; Mathematical models; Epidemiology; Standards; Buildings; Environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methoxychlor mimics the action of 17 beta -estradiol on induction of uterine epidermal growth factor receptors in immature female rats AN - 15695487; 3966763 AB - Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGF-R) have been implicated as mediators for estrogen induced cellular growth. This study examines whether the action of the estrogenic pesticide methoxychlor (MXC) parallels the action of 17 beta -estradiol (E sub(2)) on uterine EGF-R. Administration of 20 mu g E sub(2)/sexually immature female rat increased super(125)I-EGF binding to membranes extracted from whole uteri 175% over endogenous levels, while 500 mg MXC/kg led to a 156% increase. E sub(2) in both 20 and 40 mu g/rat doses and 500 mg MXC/kg led to maximal stimulation over endogenous levels, 12-h posttreatment. Rats were treated with E sub(2), MXC, or vehicle plus 100 mu g actinomycin-D (ACT-D) or 100 mu g cycloheximide (CYCLO) per rat to determine if mRNA transcription and translation are involved in the increased EGF-R binding following estrogenic treatment. Only ACT-D inhibited the estrogenic stimulation of EGF-R binding, resulting in a 44% decrease when given concurrently with E sub(2) or MXC, suggesting transcription is required. Additionally, ACT-D decreased endogenous receptor levels by 55%. No other differences were detected. When EGF-R binding data were analyzed by the method of Scatchard, both E sub(2) and MXC, at maximal dosages, elevated uterine EGF-R binding sites by over 200% after 12 h as measured by maximal binding (B sub(max)) with no significant difference in dissociation constant (K sub(d)) values. These results demonstrate that both E sub(2) and MXC can stimulate the number of EGF-R binding sites without significantly altering the receptor binding affinity (K sub(d)). Further, this stimulation is time dependent and is affected by dose. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Metcalf, J L AU - Laws, S C AU - Cummings, A M AD - MD-72, NHEERL, U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 393 EP - 399 VL - 10 IS - 5 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - methoxychlor KW - 17 beta -estradiol KW - epidermal growth factor receptors KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - pesticides KW - X 24135:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15695487?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Methoxychlor+mimics+the+action+of+17+beta+-estradiol+on+induction+of+uterine+epidermal+growth+factor+receptors+in+immature+female+rats&rft.au=Metcalf%2C+J+L%3BLaws%2C+S+C%3BCummings%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Metcalf&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=393&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Building domestic environmental compliance and enforcement programmes and networks for international exchange: A progress report AN - 15692871; 3958470 AB - There is widespread international agreement on the importance of maintaining environmental compliance and enforcement programmes if environmental protection, sustainable development, free trade, and cleaner production goals are to be achieved. Common definitions and principles, and a common framework, provide a basis for international exchange. The Fourth International Conference on Environmental Compliance and Enforcement will be held at Chiang Mai, Thailand, in April of this year. UNEP is one of the sponsors. Elizabeth Dowdeswell, Executive Director of UNEP, will deliver the keynote address. JF - Industry and Environment AU - Wasserman, CE AD - Policy Analysis, Office Federal Activities, Office Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, US EPA (MC-2251-A), Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 8 EP - 11 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0378-9993, 0378-9993 KW - environmental legislation KW - government policies KW - government policy KW - surveillance and enforcement KW - sustainable development KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - World Land Areas KW - World Oceans KW - World Inland Waters KW - international cooperation KW - conferences KW - environmental protection KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15692871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industry+and+Environment&rft.atitle=Building+domestic+environmental+compliance+and+enforcement+programmes+and+networks+for+international+exchange%3A+A+progress+report&rft.au=Wasserman%2C+CE&rft.aulast=Wasserman&rft.aufirst=CE&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Industry+and+Environment&rft.issn=03789993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - surveillance and enforcement; international cooperation; conferences; environmental protection; environmental legislation; government policies; sustainable development; World Land Areas; World Oceans; World Inland Waters ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) disposition following pulmonary, oral, dermal, and parenteral exposures to rats AN - 15687552; 3963113 AB - In evaluating human health risks posed by dioxins, it is necessary to accurately predict systemic dosimetry or the fate of these chemicals. Pharmacokinetic parameters pertaining to inhalation, ingestion, and dermal absorption may be estimated using animal models. The present study was designed to assess absorption, tissue distribution, and elimination of TCDD following intratracheal instillation (itr), oral gavage (po), or intravenous administration (iv) of 1 nmol [ super(3)H]TCDD/kg to male rats; experimental conditions were chosed to permit comparison to a previous dermal disposition study. After treatment, rats were housed in individual metabolism cages for 3 days with daily excreta collection. Following termination, radioactivity was quantified in tissues and excreta. By 3 days postexposure, fecal excretion accounted for 22 (iv), 26 (itr), and 32% (po) of dose, while urinary excretion was only 2.2 (iv), 1.3 (itr), and 1.4% (po). Pulmonary absorption was calculated as 95% of administered dose, while oral absorption was 88%. Dermal absorption of an equivalent administered dose was 40%. For all exposure routes by 3 days, major tissue depots for absorbed dose were liver and fat. Distribution of absorbed dose was 37% (iv) and 35% (itr) to liver and 21% (iv) and 16% (itr) to fat. Oral gavage-treated rats had similar dosimetry (28-30% absorbed dose) in both liver and fat. In contrast following dermal exposure, distribution to liver and fat was 52 and 22%, respectively. Results suggest that inhalation can be an important route for systemic absorption of dioxins. Moreover, all environmentally relevant routes of exposure (oral, dermal, and respiration) must be uniquely considered as important routes of systemic exposure for TCDD and related compounds. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Jackson, JA AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - MD-74, PKB/ETD/NHEERL, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 158 EP - 168 VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - TCDD KW - 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin KW - rats KW - polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - inhalation KW - lung KW - liver KW - skin KW - bioaccumulation KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15687552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+disposition+following+pulmonary%2C+oral%2C+dermal%2C+and+parenteral+exposures+to+rats&rft.au=Diliberto%2C+J+J%3BJackson%2C+JA%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Diliberto&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lung; skin; inhalation; liver; bioaccumulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of dose rate on the neurotoxicity of acrylamide: The interaction of administered dose, target tissue concentrations, tissue damage, and functional effects AN - 15685124; 3963137 AB - Health agencies are often required to predict the effects of long-term low-level exposure in humans based on animal data involving short-term high-level exposures. Uncertainties in extrapolation can be, in part, based on potentially different mechanisms associated with different exposure scenarios. This study evaluated the adequacy of short-term exposures to acrylamide for predicting neurotoxicity produced by long-term exposures. The neurotoxic effects of acrylamide (ip) were assessed in rats after acute (0-150 mg/kg), 10-day (0-30 mg/kg), 30-day (0-20 mg/kg), and 90-day (0-10 mg/kg) exposures. Behavioral endpoints included motor activity, grip strength, and the acoustic startle response. Histological examination of sciatic nerve and spinal cord was also performed. Internal and target tissue doses were estimated by measurement of the concentration of acrylamide in serum and sciatic nerve. Functional and pathological results demonstrated that the effects of acrylamide depended on the dose rate and that the neurotoxicity of acrylamide was less than that predicted by a strict dose x time relationship. Behavioral endpoints showed both qualitative and quantitative changes as a function of dose rate. Recovery of behavioral function in these studies was independent of the duration of dosing. Because duration of dosing had no impact on the kinetics of acrylamide, these data indicate that the toxicity of acrylamide is not due to an accumulation of acrylamide in the target tissue. The less than strict cumulative toxicity of acrylamide may result from an interaction between administered dose, tissue damage, and repair processes. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Crofton, K M AU - Padilla, S AU - Tilson, HA AU - Anthony, D C AU - Raymer, J H AU - MacPhail, R C AD - MD-74B, Neurotoxicology Div., NHEERL, USEPA, RTP. NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 163 EP - 176 VL - 139 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - acrylamide KW - rats KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - sciatic nerve KW - dose-response effects KW - neurotoxicity KW - spinal cord KW - histopathology KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24154:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15685124?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+dose+rate+on+the+neurotoxicity+of+acrylamide%3A+The+interaction+of+administered+dose%2C+target+tissue+concentrations%2C+tissue+damage%2C+and+functional+effects&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BPadilla%2C+S%3BTilson%2C+HA%3BAnthony%2C+D+C%3BRaymer%2C+J+H%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=139&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; dose-response effects; sciatic nerve; spinal cord; histopathology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - UV-B effects on crops: Response of the irrigated rice ecosystem AN - 15682552; 3962791 AB - Increasing ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation resulting from depletion of the stratospheric ozone layer could have damaging effects on crops. This paper reviews recent findings on direct effects of UV-B on rice growth and yield as well as indirect effects via impacts on other organisms in the rice (Oryza sativa) agroecosystem. The findings are based on research by scientists at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) in Los Banos, the Philippines, and their collaborators in China and the United States; with comparison to research by scientists in other countries. Current results indicate that while enhanced UV-B directly impacts many aspects of rice growth, physiology, and biochemistry under controlled phytotron conditions; in general rice growth and yield are not affected under natural field conditions. The difference in response may be related both to the levels of UV-B exposure used in phytotron vs. field studies and the lower ratio of UV-A to UV-B in the phytotron compared to field. In terms of indirect effects on rice blast disease, enhanced UV-B affected both the fungus itself (Pyricularia grisea) and the susceptibility of the rice plant to the fungus. Based on these data, simulation models estimated potential impacts of higher UV-B levels on blast severity and rice yield in different countries of southeast and east Asia. Ultimately, results from rice studies can be used to identify strategies to minimize any negative effects of UV-B on rice productivity. JF - Journal of Plant Physiology AU - Olszyk, D AU - Dai, Q AU - Teng, P AU - Leung, H AU - Luo, Y AU - Peng, S AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 26 EP - 34 VL - 148 IS - 1-2 SN - 0176-1617, 0176-1617 KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Pyricularia grisea KW - U.V. radiation KW - blast KW - Oryza sativa KW - K 03089:Fungi: plant KW - A 01026:Gramineous crops UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15682552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Plant+Physiology&rft.atitle=UV-B+effects+on+crops%3A+Response+of+the+irrigated+rice+ecosystem&rft.au=Olszyk%2C+D%3BDai%2C+Q%3BTeng%2C+P%3BLeung%2C+H%3BLuo%2C+Y%3BPeng%2C+S&rft.aulast=Olszyk&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=148&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Plant+Physiology&rft.issn=01761617&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Oryza sativa; Pyricularia grisea; U.V. radiation; blast ER - TY - JOUR T1 - To clean or not to clean; a geostatistical approach for evaluating contaminated soils AN - 1566809500; 2014-078343 AB - Indicator kriging is used to estimate the probability that a discrete area of soil (known as an exposure unit) lies either above or below an action level, warranting a response of either remediation or "no further action." Resampling procedures are introduced as a way to optimize the number of additional samples needed to meet desired Type I and Type II error rates. This article provides the reader a step-by-step guide to the kriging analysis and a case study illustrating the procedures. Abstract Copyright (1996), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Cameron, Kirk AU - Brown, James R Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 19 EP - 43 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - detection limit KW - kriging KW - characterization KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - errors KW - sampling KW - decontamination KW - industry KW - discharge KW - soils KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - toxic materials KW - variance analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - West Texas KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - Texas KW - geostatistics KW - variograms KW - metals KW - beryllium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1566809500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=To+clean+or+not+to+clean%3B+a+geostatistical+approach+for+evaluating+contaminated+soils&rft.au=Cameron%2C+Kirk%3BBrown%2C+James+R&rft.aulast=Cameron&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440060303 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2014-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-10-02 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; beryllium; characterization; chemical waste; concentration; decontamination; detection limit; discharge; errors; geostatistics; industry; kriging; metals; pollution; remediation; sampling; soil treatment; soils; statistical analysis; Texas; toxic materials; United States; variance analysis; variograms; West Texas DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440060303 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of regulated chemicals versus emitted PICs and PICs for risk analysis AN - 15668076; 3954449 AB - In general, toxic combustion byproducts (TCBs) are the unwanted residues remaining in flue gases, combustion ashes, and wastewaters from the operation of an incineration or combustion facility. If a combustor is not well designed and operated, it may emit too high a level of TCBs. TCBs has been one of the major technical and sociological issues surrounding the use of incineration as a waste treatment alternative. Because of the complexity and controversy, the U.S. EPA issued a draft "Combustion Strategy" on May 18, 1993. The objective of the "Combustion Strategy" was to address the needs of and to outline the approaches for upgrading the existing incineration standards to better control TCB emissions. This article lists those chemicals and metals which are regulated by two major U.S. environmental laws, namely, the Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) of 1990 and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of 1976. The CAAA is to regulate the air emissions from major sources, and the RCRA is to protect human health and the environment from the management of solid wastes, particularly from waste incineration. This paper also lists the PIC chemicals that were studied under U.S. EPA incineration research programs in the 1980s and the PIC chemicals that EPA permit writers are considering be the subject of risk analyses during the process of industry's applying for an incinerator operating permit. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Lee, C C AU - Huffman, G L AU - Mao, Y L AD - US EPA, Off. Res. and Dev., Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., Sustain. Technol. Div., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 199 EP - 225 VL - 50 IS - 2-3 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - environmental protection KW - chemicals KW - solid waste disposal KW - Clean Air Act Amendments KW - permits KW - RCRA KW - federal regulations KW - toxic materials KW - legislation KW - incineration KW - metals KW - combustion products KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15668076?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+regulated+chemicals+versus+emitted+PICs+and+PICs+for+risk+analysis&rft.au=Lee%2C+C+C%3BHuffman%2C+G+L%3BMao%2C+Y+L&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - legislation; chemicals; metals; federal regulations; combustion products; incineration; toxic materials; Clean Air Act Amendments; RCRA; permits; environmental protection; solid waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Research needs for the risk assessment of health and environmental effects of endocrine disruptors: A report of the U.S. EPA-sponsored workshop AN - 15652619; 3947737 AB - The hypothesis has been put forward that humans and wildlife species have suffered adverse health effects after exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Reported adverse effects include declines in populations, increases in cancers, and reduced reproductive function. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sponsored a workshop in April 1995 to bring together interested parties in an effort to identify research gaps related to this hypothesis and to establish priorities for future research activities. Approximately 90 invited participants were organized into work groups developed around the principal reported health effects-carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, and immunotoxicity-as well as along the risk assessment paradigm-hazard identification, dose-response assessment, exposure assessment, and risk characterization. Attention focused on both ecological and human health effects. In general, the group felt that the hypothesis warranted a concerted research effort to evaluate its validity and that research should focus primarily on effects on development of reproductive capability, on improved exposure assessment, and on the effects of mixtures. This report summarizes the discussions of the work groups and details the recommendations for additional research. JF - ENVIRON. HEALTH PERSPECT. SUPPL. AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Daston, G P AU - DeRosa, C AU - Fenner-Crisp, P AU - Gray, LE AU - Kaattari, S AU - Lucier, G AU - Luster, M AU - Mac, MJ AU - Maczka, C AU - Miller, R AU - Moore, J AU - Rolland, R AU - Scott, G AD - Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 VL - 104 KW - environmental effects KW - immunotoxicity KW - Risk Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - NIH 96-218 KW - neurotoxicity KW - reproduction KW - hormones KW - carcinogenesis KW - endocrine system KW - risk assessment KW - public health KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15652619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ENVIRON.+HEALTH+PERSPECT.+SUPPL.&rft.atitle=Research+needs+for+the+risk+assessment+of+health+and+environmental+effects+of+endocrine+disruptors%3A+A+report+of+the+U.S.+EPA-sponsored+workshop&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BDaston%2C+G+P%3BDeRosa%2C+C%3BFenner-Crisp%2C+P%3BGray%2C+LE%3BKaattari%2C+S%3BLucier%2C+G%3BLuster%2C+M%3BMac%2C+MJ%3BMaczka%2C+C%3BMiller%2C+R%3BMoore%2C+J%3BRolland%2C+R%3BScott%2C+G&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+sul.+4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ENVIRON.+HEALTH+PERSPECT.+SUPPL.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - endocrine system; risk assessment; public health; hormones; carcinogenesis; reproduction; neurotoxicity; environmental effects; immunotoxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Teplice Program -- the impact of air pollution on human health AN - 15651192; 3947736 AB - The aim of the Teplice Program is to investigate and assess the impact of air pollution on the health of the population in the district of Teplice, Czech Republic. Characterization of the air pollutants demonstrated unusually high concentrations during winter inversions of fine particles dominated by acidic sulfates, genotoxic organic compounds, and toxic trace elements. The major source of airborne fine particles is the burning of coal for heating and power. Human exposure and biomarker studies demonstrated large seasonal variations in air pollution within the Teplice District and higher seasonal average pollution levels than the comparative district, Prachatice. Personal exposures to fine particles and organic carcinogens [e.g., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)] were correlated with excretion of PAH metabolites in urine, several trace metals in blood, and DNA adducts in white blood cells. Respiratory and neurobehavioral studies of school children were conducted using questionnaires and clinical measures. A significantly higher prevalence of adverse respiratory symptoms and decreased lung function were found in the Teplice district than in Prachatice. The neurobehavioral studies indicated significantly higher teacher referrals for clinical assessment in Teplice, but the majority of objective performance measures did not differ. Reproductive studies were conducted in both males and females. A study of the effects of exposure on pregnancy and birth found an excess prevalence of low birth weight and premature births in Teplice; these adverse effects were more common in infants conceived in the winter and whose mothers were smokers. Based on questionnaires and medical examination, the reproductive development of young men was not different between districts and seasons, however, measures of semen quality suggest that exposure to high levels of air pollution are associated with transient decrements in semen quality. JF - ENVIRON. HEALTH PERSPECT. SUPPL. AU - Sram, R J AU - Benes, I AU - Binkova, B AU - Dejmek, J AU - Horstman, D AU - Kotesovec, F AU - Otto, D AU - Perreault, S D AU - Rubes, J AU - Selevan, S G AU - Skalik, I AU - Stevens, R K AU - Lewtas, J AD - Epidemiol. and Biomarker Branch, Hum. Stud. Div., MD 58C, NHEERL, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 VL - 104 KW - particulate pollution KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - NIH 96-218 KW - respiration KW - reproduction KW - seasonal variations KW - public health KW - neurotoxicity KW - air pollution KW - coal KW - respiratory function KW - pollution effects KW - Czech Rep. KW - lung KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15651192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ENVIRON.+HEALTH+PERSPECT.+SUPPL.&rft.atitle=Teplice+Program+--+the+impact+of+air+pollution+on+human+health&rft.au=Sram%2C+R+J%3BBenes%2C+I%3BBinkova%2C+B%3BDejmek%2C+J%3BHorstman%2C+D%3BKotesovec%2C+F%3BOtto%2C+D%3BPerreault%2C+S+D%3BRubes%2C+J%3BSelevan%2C+S+G%3BSkalik%2C+I%3BStevens%2C+R+K%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Sram&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+sul.+4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ENVIRON.+HEALTH+PERSPECT.+SUPPL.&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Czech Rep.; air pollution; public health; coal; respiration; lung; reproduction; neurotoxicity; pollution effects; seasonal variations; respiratory function; particulate pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The importance of the biodiversity of soil biota in arid ecosystems AN - 15646007; 3946782 AB - The importance of soil biota in maintaining ecosystem integrity is examined by a review of studies of soil processes and soil biota in arid ecosystems. In decomposition and mineralization processes, there is a temporal succession of microarthropod and nematode species. Tydeid mites are keystone species in the early stages of decomposition. Soil pore neck size variation affects the spatial distribution of soil biota and requires that species differ in size to provide efficient processing of organic matter. In arid ecosystems, the sub-set of soil biota that is active at any point in time is determined by the soil water potential and soil temperature. The structure of soil microarthropod assemblages is similar in several arid regions of the world and abundance and diversity are directly related to quantity of litter accumulations and soil organic matter. The unique life histories and behavioural characteristics of desert soil macrofauna (termites and ants) determine the effects of these organisms on soil properties and soil formation. The soil biota, by affecting the spatial and temporal distribution of essential resources (water and nutrients), are essential to the maintenance of the ecosystem integrity of arid ecosystems. JF - Biodiversity and Conservation AU - Whitford, W G AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monitoring Systems Lab., PO Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 185 EP - 195 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 0960-3115, 0960-3115 KW - Entomology Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Arthropoda KW - Protozoa KW - arid environments KW - ecosystem structure KW - Nematoda KW - keystone species KW - biological diversity KW - soil KW - D 04600:Soil KW - Z 05209:Soil entomology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15646007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodiversity+and+Conservation&rft.atitle=The+importance+of+the+biodiversity+of+soil+biota+in+arid+ecosystems&rft.au=Whitford%2C+W+G&rft.aulast=Whitford&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodiversity+and+Conservation&rft.issn=09603115&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arthropoda; Nematoda; soil; biological diversity; arid environments; Protozoa; keystone species; ecosystem structure ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Episodic acidification of small streams in the northeastern United States: Effects on fish populations AN - 15645852; 3944664 AB - As part of the Episodic Response Project (ERP), we studied the effects of episodic acidification on fish in 13 small streams in the northeastern United States: four streams in the Adirondack region of New York, four streams in the Catskills, New York, and five streams in the northern Appalachian Plateau, Pennsylvania. In situ bioassays with brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) and a forage fish species (blacknose dace (Rhinichthys atratulus), mottled sculpin (Cottus bairdi), or slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus), depending on the region) measured direct toxicity. Movements of individual brook trout, in relation to stream chemistry, were monitored using radiotelemetry. Electrofishing surveys assessed fish community status and the density and biomass of brook trout in each stream. During low flow, all streams except one had chemical conditions considered suitable for the survival and reproduction of most fish species (median pH 6.0-7.2 during low flow; inorganic Al 100-200 mu g/L. We conclude that episodic acidification can have long-term effects on fish communities in small streams. JF - Ecological Applications AU - Baker, J P AU - Van Sickle, J AU - Gagen, C J AU - DeWalle AU - Sharpe, W E AU - Carline, R F AU - Baldigo, B P AU - Murdoch, P S AU - Bath, D W AU - Kretser, WA AU - Simonin, HA AU - Wigington, PJ Jr AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 422 EP - 437 VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - Pisces KW - aluminium KW - aluminum KW - fish populations KW - freshwater pollution KW - pollution effects KW - population decline KW - stream pollution KW - streams KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - USA, Northeast KW - mortality KW - acidification KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15645852?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Episodic+acidification+of+small+streams+in+the+northeastern+United+States%3A+Effects+on+fish+populations&rft.au=Baker%2C+J+P%3BVan+Sickle%2C+J%3BGagen%2C+C+J%3BDeWalle%3BSharpe%2C+W+E%3BCarline%2C+R+F%3BBaldigo%2C+B+P%3BMurdoch%2C+P+S%3BBath%2C+D+W%3BKretser%2C+WA%3BSimonin%2C+HA%3BWigington%2C+PJ+Jr&rft.aulast=Baker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=422&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; aluminium; freshwater pollution; mortality; acidification; pollution effects; population decline; streams; Pisces; water pollution effects; stream pollution; fish populations; USA, Northeast; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A sensitive color ELISA for detecting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon-DNA adducts in human tissues AN - 15639421; 3943948 AB - Human exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been determined by measurement of DNA adducts in human tissues. Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using antisera recognizing benzo[a]pyrenediol-epoxide-modified DNA (BPDE-I-DNA) and color or fluorescence endpoint detection have been used extensively for quantifying PAH-DNA adducts. The fluorescence ELISA (limit of detection 1 adduct/10 super(8) nucleotides) was previously reported to be more sensitive than the color ELISA (1/10 super(7)) for measuring PAH adducts (Santella et al. (1988) Carcinogenesis, 9, 1265-1269). However, the fluorescence assay has the disadvantages of greater variation among the replicates and higher background levels than the color assay. Using a newly developed antiserum against BPDE-I-DNA, we have modified the color ELISA so that it has the same sensitivity as the fluorescence ELISA and requires only 33% of the sample quantity needed for the fluorescence ELISA. The modifications included preincubation of the antiserum with the samples, using microtiter plates with half-size, flat bottom wells, and optimizing the assay conditions. The improved color ELISA was used to analyze DNA samples from human autopsy tissues, including heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, pancreas and stomach from smokers and nonsmokers. With the exception of spleen and stomach, all tissues from smokers showed higher PAH-DNA adducts (ranging from 0.3 to 19.0 adducts/10 super(7) nucleotides) than the tissues from the nonsmokers (0.3 to 3.7 adducts/10 super(7) nucleotides) in two separate experiments. Among the tissues from smokers, heart showed the highest level of DNA adducts. This study demonstrates that a stable color ELISA with high sensitivity can be useful in assessing human exposure to PAH. JF - Mutation Research-Environmental Mutagenesis and Related Subjects AU - Mumford, J L AU - Williams, K AU - Wilcosky, T C AU - Everson, R B AU - Young, T L AU - Santella, R M AD - US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 171 EP - 177 VL - 359 IS - 3 SN - 0165-1161, 0165-1161 KW - benzo(a)pyrene-diol epoxide KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - DNA adducts KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay KW - tissues KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15639421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research-Environmental+Mutagenesis+and+Related+Subjects&rft.atitle=A+sensitive+color+ELISA+for+detecting+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon-DNA+adducts+in+human+tissues&rft.au=Mumford%2C+J+L%3BWilliams%2C+K%3BWilcosky%2C+T+C%3BEverson%2C+R+B%3BYoung%2C+T+L%3BSantella%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Mumford&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=359&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research-Environmental+Mutagenesis+and+Related+Subjects&rft.issn=01651161&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; DNA adducts; tissues; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Iron stimulation of Antarctic bacteria AN - 15632570; 3938072 AB - Recent investigations of the ocean's iron cycle have focused primarily on the response of phytoplankton to iron enrichment. Bacteria, however, are important in the trophodynamics and elemental cycles of marine ecosystems. With the exception of phototrophic prokaryotes, the response of bacteria to iron enrichment has largely been ignored. Here we report the results of an iron-enrichment experiment suggesting that the growth of heterotrophic bacteria in Antarctic waters is stimulated by low-concentration additions of iron. JF - Nature AU - Pakulski, J D AU - Coffin, R B AU - Kelley, CA AU - Holder, S L AU - Downer, R AU - Aas, P AU - Lyons, M M AU - Jeffrey, W H AD - US EPA Gulf Ecol. Div., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 133 EP - 134 VL - 383 IS - 6596 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - heterotrophic bacteria KW - iron KW - nutritional requirements KW - siderophores KW - Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Marine KW - heterotrophic organisms KW - Antarctica KW - marine environment KW - bacteria KW - PS, Antarctic Ocean KW - nannoplankton KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08481:Productivity KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15632570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Iron+stimulation+of+Antarctic+bacteria&rft.au=Pakulski%2C+J+D%3BCoffin%2C+R+B%3BKelley%2C+CA%3BHolder%2C+S+L%3BDowner%2C+R%3BAas%2C+P%3BLyons%2C+M+M%3BJeffrey%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Pakulski&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=383&rft.issue=6596&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nutritional requirements; marine environment; bacteria; nannoplankton; heterotrophic organisms; iron; siderophores; heterotrophic bacteria; Antarctica; PS, Antarctic Ocean; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the mass balance model used by the Environmental Protection Agency for estimating inhalation exposure to new chemical substances AN - 15631495; 3936172 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for assessing the potential for unacceptable human health and environmental risks of new chemical substances prior to commercialization. Estimates of potential inhalation exposure to workers during manufacture, processing, and use of a new chemical substance are key elements of these assessments. However, the available information with which to assess the potential for exposure is often limited for new chemicals. One approach used by EPA to develop screening level estimates of inhalation exposure to vapors in the absence of data is the use of a mass balance model to predict the airborne concentration for various activities such as drumming and sampling. The mass balance model was evaluated by comparing the exposure estimates for specific operations with monitoring data reported in selected studies from the available literature. In general the estimated exposures based on the midpoint of the range of default input values were well within one order of magnitude of the measured exposures. Selection of more conservative (i.e., protective) model input values overestimated exposures by one or more orders of magnitude. There are many simplifying assumptions inherent in the model and many variables that influence exposure that are not considered. Uncertainty analyses of the model demonstrated that values selected for the ventilation flow rate and generation rate greatly influence the estimate of exposure and should be carefully chosen. Additional research is recommended, and ultimately, model validation should be completed to further improve and refine the model. JF - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal AU - Fehrenbacher, M C AU - Hummel, A A AD - U.S. EPA, Office Pollut. Prevent. and Toxics, 401 M St., SW (7406), Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 526 EP - 536 VL - 57 IS - 6 SN - 0002-8894, 0002-8894 KW - EPA KW - government regulations KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - xenobiotics KW - chemicals KW - occupational exposure KW - inhalation KW - legislation KW - vapors KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SI6.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15631495?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+mass+balance+model+used+by+the+Environmental+Protection+Agency+for+estimating+inhalation+exposure+to+new+chemical+substances&rft.au=Fehrenbacher%2C+M+C%3BHummel%2C+A+A&rft.aulast=Fehrenbacher&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=526&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.issn=00028894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemicals; inhalation; EPA; vapors; occupational exposure; legislation; government regulations; xenobiotics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Health implications of nitrate and nitrite in drinking water: An update on methemoglobinemia occurrence and reproductive and developmental toxicity AN - 15627652; 3936974 AB - In 1987, an evaluation of the nitrate drinking water standard was performed with a primary focus on the effects of nitrate on methemoglobinemia and reproductive/developmental effects. The present review presents an updated overview and evaluation of the available information on the same health effects of nitrate and nitrite with an emphasis on data not included in the previous review, which should be used as a compendium to this report. Recent epidemiologic data have suggested an association between developmental effects in offspring and the maternal ingestion of nitrate from drinking water, but a definite conclusion on the cause and effect relationship cannot be drawn. Animal experimental data have shown reproductive toxicity associated with high exposure levels to nitrate or nitrite, which are not likely to be encountered in drinking water. No teratogenic effects were observed in rats, mice, rabbits, and hamsters tested. Several cases of methemoglobinemia have been reported in infants in the United States using water containing nitrate at levels higher than the current maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 45 ppm (mg/liter) nitrate (NO sub(3)) or 10 ppm nitrate-nitrogen (nitrate-N), but none at or lower than the MCL. The uncertainties in the data base are discussed, noting that no uncertainty factor was applied in deriving the MCL in order to account for the uncertainties that exist in the data base. JF - Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology AU - Fan, A M AU - Steinberg, V E AD - Pesticide and Environ. Toxicol. Sect., Office Environ. Health Hazard Assess., EPA, 2151 Berkeley Way, Annex 11, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 35 EP - 43 VL - 23 IS - 1 pt.1 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - nitrate KW - nitrite KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - laboratory animals KW - reviews KW - methemoglobinemia KW - reproduction KW - teratogenicity KW - drinking water KW - man KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15627652?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Health+implications+of+nitrate+and+nitrite+in+drinking+water%3A+An+update+on+methemoglobinemia+occurrence+and+reproductive+and+developmental+toxicity&rft.au=Fan%2C+A+M%3BSteinberg%2C+V+E&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1+pt.1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+Toxicology+and+Pharmacology&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; reproduction; methemoglobinemia; teratogenicity; laboratory animals; reviews; man ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioremediation of an experimental oil spill on the shoreline of Delaware Bay AN - 15625956; 3937127 AB - In the summer of 1994, a field study was undertaken in Delaware in which light crude oil was intentionally released onto plots to evaluate bioremediation. The objectives were to obtain credible statistical evidence to determine if bioremediation with inorganic mineral nutrients and/or microbial inoculation enhanced the removal of crude oil contaminating a sandy beach and to compute intrinsic and enhanced biodegradation rates. Biodegradation was tracked by GC/MS analysis of selected components, and the measured concentrations were corrected for abiotic removal by hopane normalization. A randomized block design was used to assess treatment effects. Three treatments were evaluated: a no-nutrient addition control, addition of water-soluble nutrients, and addition of water-soluble nutrients supplemented with a natural microbial inoculum from the site. Although substantial hydrocarbon biodegradation occurred in the untreated plots, statistically significant differences between treated and untreated plots were observed in the biodegradation rates of total alkane and total aromatic hydrocarbons. First-order rate constants for the disappearance of individual hopane-normalized alkanes and PAHs were computed, and the patterns of loss were typical of biodegradation. Significant differences were not observed between plots treated with nutrients alone and plots treated with nutrients and the indigenous inoculum. The high rate of oil biodegradation that was observed in the untreated plots was attributed to the background nitrogen that was measured at the site. Even though oil loss was enhanced by nutrient addition, active bioremediation in the form of exogenous nutrient addition might not be appropriate in cases where background nutrient levels are already sufficiently high to support high intrinsic rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Venosa, AD AU - Suidan, M T AU - Wrenn, BA AU - Strohmeier, K L AU - Haines, J R AU - Eberhart, B L AU - King, D AU - Holder, E AD - Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1764 EP - 1775 VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - USA, Delaware, Delaware Bay KW - aromatic compounds KW - comparison studies KW - field tests KW - marine pollution KW - microbial degradation KW - nutrients KW - sediment pollution KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts KW - beaches KW - oil spills KW - ANW, USA, Delaware Bay KW - Marine KW - sand KW - biodegradation KW - bioremediation KW - hydrocarbons KW - O 4080:Pollution - Control and Prevention KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15625956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Bioremediation+of+an+experimental+oil+spill+on+the+shoreline+of+Delaware+Bay&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BSuidan%2C+M+T%3BWrenn%2C+BA%3BStrohmeier%2C+K+L%3BHaines%2C+J+R%3BEberhart%2C+B+L%3BKing%2C+D%3BHolder%2C+E&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; sand; beaches; marine pollution; oil spills; hydrocarbons; sediment pollution; bioremediation; nutrients; aromatic compounds; field tests; comparison studies; microbial degradation; ANW, USA, Delaware Bay; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenite, but not cadmium, induces ornithine decarboxylase and heme oxygenase activity in rat liver: Relevance to arsenic carcinogenesis AN - 15624756; 3935587 AB - Sodium arsenite and cadmium chloride, were administered orally to adult female rats at 21 and 4 h prior to sacrifice. Liver, lung, skin and urinary bladder were the tissues studied. DNA damage, cytochrome P450, glutathione content (GSH), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), serum alanine aminotransferase and heme oxygenase activity were measured. Sodium arsenite increased rat hepatic ODC activity at 1.6 and 24.6 mg/kg and hepatic heme oxygenase activity at 8.2 and 24.6 mg/kg, but did not cause any DNA damage. Cadmium chloride did not affect any of the six parameters tested. These findings suggest that sodium arsenite may be a promoter rather than an initiator of carcinogenesis. JF - Cancer Letters AU - Brown, J L AU - Kitchin, K T AD - Environ. Carcinogenesis Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 227 EP - 231 VL - 98 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - arsenic KW - cadmium chloride KW - ornithine decarboxylase KW - rats KW - heme oxygenase KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - carcinogenesis KW - enzymatic activity KW - X 24165:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15624756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Letters&rft.atitle=Arsenite%2C+but+not+cadmium%2C+induces+ornithine+decarboxylase+and+heme+oxygenase+activity+in+rat+liver%3A+Relevance+to+arsenic+carcinogenesis&rft.au=Brown%2C+J+L%3BKitchin%2C+K+T&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogenesis; enzymatic activity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solvent extraction of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyl from river sediments AN - 15619116; 3932660 AB - River sediments contaminated with polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were treated using Resources Conservation Company's Basic Extractive Sludge Treatment (B.E.S.T.) process. Results showed that, regardless of the initial contaminant concentration, >95 percent of the PAHs and >99 percent of the PCBs in the sediment could be extracted. Additionally, the effectiveness of triethylamine (TEA) as an extracting agent for specific PAHs and PCB congener classes was compared. Results show that TEA selectively extracted PAHs with high log octanol/water partition coefficients (>4.54), low water solubilities (178.2). PCB extraction efficiencies remained high regardless of congener class. These results indicate that specific physical characteristics of PAHs are good predictors of extraction efficiencies. JF - Environmental Technology AU - Meckes, M C AU - Wagner, T J AU - Tillman, J AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., 26 West Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 525 EP - 531 VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 0959-3330, 0959-3330 KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - aromatic compounds KW - fluvial sediments KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons KW - remediation KW - sediment pollution KW - separation processes KW - solvent extraction KW - triethylamine KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - solvents KW - rivers KW - hydrocarbons KW - pollutant identification KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15619116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Technology&rft.atitle=Solvent+extraction+of+polynuclear+aromatic+hydrocarbons+and+polychlorinated+biphenyl+from+river+sediments&rft.au=Meckes%2C+M+C%3BWagner%2C+T+J%3BTillman%2C+J&rft.aulast=Meckes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=525&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Technology&rft.issn=09593330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - solvents; hydrocarbons; pollutant identification; separation processes; solvent extraction; sediment pollution; rivers; PCB; aromatic compounds; polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons; PCB compounds; remediation; fluvial sediments; polychlorinated biphenyls; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alveolar breath sampling and analysis to assess exposures to methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) during motor vehicle refueling AN - 15607594; 3927850 AB - Methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE) is added to gasoline (15% by volume) in many areas of the U.S. to help control carbon monoxide emissions from motor vehicles. In this study we present a sampling and analytical methodology that can be used to assess consumer's exposures to MTBE that may result from routine vehicle refueling operations. The method is based on the collection of alveolar breath samples using evacuated one-liter stainless steel canisters and analysis using a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer equipped with a patented "valveless" cryogenic preconcentrator. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, a series of breath samples was collected from two individuals (the person pumping the fuel and a nearby observer) immediately before and for 64 min after a vehicle was refueled with premium grade gasoline. Results demonstrate low levels of MTBE in both subjects' breaths before refueling, and levels that increased by a factor of 35 to 100 after the exposure. Breath elimination models fitted to the post exposure measurements indicate that the half-life of MTBE in the first physiological compartment was between 1.3 and 2.9 min. Analysis of the resulting models suggests that breath elimination of MTBE during the 64 min monitoring period was approximately 115 mu g for the refueling subject while it was only 30 mu g for the nearby observer. This analysis also shows that the post exposure breath elimination of other gasoline constituents was consistent with previously published observations. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Lindstrom, AB AU - Pleil, J D AD - Natl. Exposure Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 676 EP - 682 VL - 46 IS - 7 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - inhalation KW - gasoline KW - additives KW - public health KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15607594?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Alveolar+breath+sampling+and+analysis+to+assess+exposures+to+methyl+tertiary+butyl+ether+%28MTBE%29+during+motor+vehicle+refueling&rft.au=Lindstrom%2C+AB%3BPleil%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Lindstrom&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - gasoline; additives; inhalation; public health ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro exposure to aluminum does not alter long-term potentiation or glutamate release in rat hippocampal slices AN - 15607317; 3923619 AB - Aluminum has been reported to inhibit long-term potentiation (LTP) following in vivo administration and decrease glutamate release following in vitro exposure. Because glutamate release is critical for synaptic transmission and the development and maintenance of LTP in the hippocampus, we examined the effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl sub(3)) on depolarization-induced glutamate release and LTP in rat hippocampal slices. The effects of AlCl sub(3) on [ super(14)C]glutamate release were examined by incubation of slices in depolarizing (56 mM) K super(+) buffer solution in the absence or presence of 2 mM CaCl sub(2). After 15 min depolarization, AlCl sub(3) (100-1000 mu M) did not significantly affect Ca super(2+)-dependent [ super(14)C]glutamate release from slices, whereas a known Ca super(2+) channel blocker (100 mu M CdCl sub(2)) decreased Ca super(2+)-dependent [ super(14)C]glutamate release by approximately 50%. In contrast to a previous report, acute exposure to AlCl sub(3) was without effect on depolarization-dependent glutamate release. LTP of the population spike (PS) in CA1 of hippocampus was induced by the delivery of stimulus trains to the stratum radiatum. LTP of the PS was observed in both control slices and slices bathed in solution containing 100 mu M AlCl sub(3). Neither the magnitude nor longevity (measured up to 1 h posttrain) of LTP distinguished control from aluminum-exposed slices. The lack of sensitivity in rat to the encephalopathic changes induced by aluminum, or methodological differences in exposure conditions may account for the lack of effect of aluminum on in vitro LTP in rat hippocampus. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Gilbert, ME AU - Shafer, T J AD - Neurotoxicol. Div. (MD-74B), Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 175 EP - 180 VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - aluminum KW - long-term potentiation KW - glutamic acid KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - neurotoxicity KW - hippocampus KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15607317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=In+vitro+exposure+to+aluminum+does+not+alter+long-term+potentiation+or+glutamate+release+in+rat+hippocampal+slices&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+ME%3BShafer%2C+T+J&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; hippocampus ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute trimethyltin exposure produces nonspecific effects on learning in rats working under a multiple repeated acquisition and performance schedule AN - 15601690; 3922078 AB - Previous research has explored the adverse effects of trimethyltin (TMT) on learning and memory in laboratory animals. Virtually all studies of TMT effects on learning have not, however, included appropriate controls to establish a selective effect on learning. This experiment investigated the effects of TMT on the repeated acquisition (learning) and performance of response sequences. Adult male Long-Evans rats, maintained at 300 g b.wt., were trained with food reinforcement under a multiple repeated acquisition (RA) and performance (P) schedule. The RA component required rats to learn a different three-member response sequence during each session (Center Right Left, RLC, RCL, LCR, or LRC); the correct response sequence remained constant in the P component (CLR). RA and P components alternated twice during a session. Rats were given 0, 4, or 8 mg/kg TMT IV after 30 sessions of stable baseline performance, and an additional 40 sessions were conducted following TMT. Prior to TMT, all groups maintained comparable accuracy levels in both RA and P components. Following TMT, significant decreases in both accuracy and response rate were obtained in the 8 mg/kg group. Thereafter, response rate and accuracy both recovered to near baseline levels, although large individual differences were observed. No selective effects of TMT were obtained on RA when compared to P. These data suggest that TMT-induced impairments on learning may be due to a generalized performance decrement rather than a specific effect on learning. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Cohn, J AU - Macphail, R C AD - Neurotoxicol. Div. (MD-74B), Natl. Health and Environ. Eff. Res. Lab., US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 99 EP - 111 VL - 18 IS - 1 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - trimethyltin KW - glial fibrillary acidic protein KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - learning behavior KW - X 24161:Acute exposure KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15601690?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Acute+trimethyltin+exposure+produces+nonspecific+effects+on+learning+in+rats+working+under+a+multiple+repeated+acquisition+and+performance+schedule&rft.au=Cohn%2C+J%3BMacphail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Cohn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - learning behavior ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Isolation of marine sediment colloids and associated polychlorinated biphenyls: An evaluation of ultrafiltration and reverse-phase chromatography AN - 15595654; 3920685 AB - Environmental colloids are suspected of having significant effects on nonpolar organic contaminant geochemistry, transport, and bioavailability. However, environmental data on colloid-contaminant interactions is limited because isolating colloids from the dissolved and particulate phases is problematic. In this study, two practical methods using ultrafiltration and reverse-phase chromatography were evaluated for isolating environmentally contaminated marine sediment interstitial water colloids and associated PCBs. In assessing each method, ultrafiltration demonstrated extensive sorption of radiolabeled nonpolar compounds (>90%) and a re-occurring breakthrough phenomena, both of which compromise the method for accurately assessing colloid-PCB interactions. Conversely, C sub(18) reverse-phase chromatography, performed using laboratory-packed columns, generated reproducible organic carbon-normalized colloidal partitioning coefficients (K sub(coc)) that agreed with literature and theoretical considerations. Evaluations of sample flow rate and prefiltration size along with potential for C sub(18) bed saturation indicated that these parameters have only a minor (e.g., less than a factor of 2) effect on the calculated contaminant distribution coefficients. Of the two methods evaluated, reverse-phase chromatography was the most promising for quantifying environmental colloid-PCB interactions. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Burgess, R M AU - McKinney, R A AU - Brown, WA AU - Quinn, J G AD - U.S. EPA, NHEERL, Atlantic Ecol. Div. & Grad. Sch. Oceanogr., Univ. Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1923 EP - 1932 VL - 30 IS - 6 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - analytical techniques KW - chemical pollutants KW - chemical pollution KW - chromatography KW - evaluation KW - marine sediments KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - sediment analysis KW - sediment pollution KW - ultrafiltration KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - filtration KW - geochemistry KW - Marine KW - colloids KW - O 4095:Instruments/Methods KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15595654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Isolation+of+marine+sediment+colloids+and+associated+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3A+An+evaluation+of+ultrafiltration+and+reverse-phase+chromatography&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BMcKinney%2C+R+A%3BBrown%2C+WA%3BQuinn%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1923&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollution; chemical pollutants; colloids; filtration; sediment analysis; analytical techniques; sediment pollution; geochemistry; PCB; evaluation; chromatography; PCB compounds; marine sediments; polychlorinated biphenyls; ultrafiltration; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of ozone on the colloidal stability and aggregation of particles coated with natural organic matter AN - 15586598; 3916734 AB - Adsorption of natural organic matter (NOM) onto particles contributes to their colloidal stability and inhibits coagulation in water treatment. Ozone has been shown to assist in the destabilization of particles during water treatment by several hypothesized mechanisms. The goal of this research was to study the effects of ozone on NOM-coated particles in model (synthetic) waters to determine prevailing mechanisms and to quantify the effects of different variables. The experimental system included particles, aqueous phase NOM in equilibrium with particle phase (sorbed) NOM, and a background solution chemistry reflecting pH, ionic strength, and potentially influential ions (e.g., calcium, bicarbonate). Particle stability was assessed through electrophoretic mobility measurements while particle aggregation was assessed through use of a collision efficiency factor ( alpha ) under fluid shear mixing conditions. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Chandrakanth AU - Amy, G L AD - U.S. EPA, 960 Coll. Stn. Rd., Athens, GA 30605, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 431 EP - 443 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - oxalic acid KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - water treatment KW - ozonation KW - organic matter KW - particulates KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15586598?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+ozone+on+the+colloidal+stability+and+aggregation+of+particles+coated+with+natural+organic+matter&rft.au=Chandrakanth%3BAmy%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Chandrakanth&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water treatment; ozonation; organic matter; particulates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A structure-activity relationship for the neurotoxicity of triazole fungicides AN - 15585521; 3916856 AB - Previous work has demonstrated that acute exposures to the triazole fungicide triadimefon affects central nervous system (CNS) catecholamines and induces a transient syndrome in rats that consists of hyperactivity and stereotyped behaviors. The present research was designed to determine whether this type of CNS toxicity is characteristic of other triazoles. Dose-effect functions were determined for 14 different triazoles or structurally related pesticides in adult male Long-Evans rats. All chemicals were administered per os in corn oil. Hyperactivity was measured for 2 h in figure-eight mazes. Results indicated that only triadimefon and triadimenol were able to induce hyperactivity; none of the other chemicals produced this effect. These data suggest a very rigid structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the hyperactivity syndrome and indicate that CNS effects may be minimized in the future design of triazoles without impacting fungicidal efficacy. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., MD-74B, Natl. Health Effects and Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 155 EP - 159 VL - 84 IS - 3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - triazoles KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - structure-activity relationships KW - neurotoxicity KW - stereotyped behavior KW - fungicides KW - hyperactivity KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24131:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15585521?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=A+structure-activity+relationship+for+the+neurotoxicity+of+triazole+fungicides&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=84&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=155&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; structure-activity relationships; fungicides; hyperactivity; stereotyped behavior ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Efficacy of Bacillus thuringiensis against lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) AN - 15585163; 3918100 AB - Toxins from 36 isolates, representative of all available subspecies of Bacillus thuringiensis, were tested against larvae and adults of the lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica. beta -Exotoxin was effective against both larvae and adults. Spore-crystal complexes of subspecies darmstadiensis isolates from Germany were effective against larvae. Isolates of subspecies darmstadiensis from the US and Japan were not effective. The degree of control achieved by even the best isolate was not economically satisfactory. JF - Biocontrol Science and Technology AU - Beegle, C C AD - US EPA, Off. Pestic. Programs, Biopest. and Pollut. Prev. Div. 7501 W, 401 M St. SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 15 EP - 21 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 0958-3157, 0958-3157 KW - beta -exotoxin KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Entomology Abstracts KW - biological control KW - Rhyzopertha dominica KW - Coleoptera KW - Bacillus thuringiensis KW - Bostrichidae KW - pathogenicity KW - spore crystals KW - A 01014:Others KW - Z 05182:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15585163?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Efficacy+of+Bacillus+thuringiensis+against+lesser+grain+borer%2C+Rhyzopertha+dominica+%28Coleoptera%3A+Bostrichidae%29&rft.au=Beegle%2C+C+C&rft.aulast=Beegle&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocontrol+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=09583157&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacillus thuringiensis; Rhyzopertha dominica; Coleoptera; Bostrichidae; pathogenicity; spore crystals; biological control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Colloid-enhanced transport of chemicals in subsurface environments: A review AN - 15584956; 3913592 AB - Ample published evidence demonstrates that colloidal particles can act as carriers to enhance the transport of contaminants in subsurface environments. Conventionally, soil and aquifer porous media are considered to have two phases: an immobile solid matrix and a mobile liquid. Published reports indicate that biocolloids, aluminosilicate clay minerals, and organic colloids can migrate to considerable distances during water flow in soils and aquifers. In the presence of such carriers, the system should be perceived as consisting of three phases: a stationary solid matrix phase, a carrier phase, and an aqueous phase. Particle transport through porous media has been clearly demonstrated in filtration studies, but a need exists to investigate the role of colloidal carriers upon contaminant transport in porous media and to model carrier-enhanced migration of contaminants accurately. In order to assess the potential role of colloidal carriers in facilitating chemical transport in porous media, this review was undertaken to investigate (1) the occurrence and stability of colloids in porous media, (2) the association and movement of colloids with chemicals in porous media, (3) models for the transport of colloids in porous media, and (4) models for colloid-enhanced chemical transport in porous media. In addition, suggested areas for future research are included. JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Shinde, D AU - Mansell, R S AU - Harris, W AD - CDSI, U.S.-EPA, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 189 EP - 204 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - path of pollutants KW - porous media KW - soil water KW - transport processes KW - pollution dispersion KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - particle size KW - reviews KW - groundwater KW - colloids KW - contamination KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15584956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Colloid-enhanced+transport+of+chemicals+in+subsurface+environments%3A+A+review&rft.au=Ouyang%2C+Y%3BShinde%2C+D%3BMansell%2C+R+S%3BHarris%2C+W&rft.aulast=Ouyang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - colloids; path of pollutants; porous media; contamination; particle size; reviews; groundwater; soil water; pollution dispersion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An analysis of EPA's current approach to ecological risk assessments at military base closure sites AN - 15583433; 3910200 AB - This article presents an overview and qualitative analysis of ecological risk assessment at base closure sites nationwide. Much of the information presented was obtained from interviews, over a two-year period beginning in the spring of 1994, with managers and staff from EPA Headquarters and Regions, Remedial Project Managers and Superfund Ecological Risk Assessment Support Staff involved with the daily operation of the Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC) program. Individuals from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the Department of the Army, three states (Texas, California, and South Carolina), and one public interest group (Environmental and Energy Study Institute) also provided input to this study. Included in this article is an overview of the regulatory requirements for ecological risk assessments at BRAC sites, and descriptions of the roles of various stakeholders in the process. Based on interviews with federal and state environmental decision makers, this article discusses technical and policy issues related to current ecological risk assessment activities at military base closure sites across the country. It also presents examples of ongoing ecological risk assessment studies to help illustrate the issues that must be resolved for successful risk characterization and environmental cleanup to take place. The article ends with a discussion of various options and recommendations for improving ecological risk assessments at current and future BRAC sites. These recommendations, based partly on interviews with study participants, are presented in the hopes of improving the overall cost and resource effectiveness of the program, financial as well as ecological. After all, it was evident throughout this study that the parties involved share the same goal--to clean up and transfer safe and valuable property as soon as possible so that community revitalization can occur. This article will show, however, that this goal may not be achieved unless the current system is significantly changed. JF - Federal Facilities Environmental Journal AU - Fox, CA AD - Off. Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 13 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1048-4078, 1048-4078 KW - military KW - EPA KW - government regulations KW - government policy KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - ecosystems KW - pollution clean-up KW - environmental impact KW - USA KW - risk assessment KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15583433?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.atitle=An+analysis+of+EPA%27s+current+approach+to+ecological+risk+assessments+at+military+base+closure+sites&rft.au=Fox%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Federal+Facilities+Environmental+Journal&rft.issn=10484078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; risk assessment; military; EPA; pollution clean-up; government regulations; environmental impact; ecosystems; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aquatic accounting: Chesapeake Bay watershed model quantifies nutrient loads AN - 15570425; 3907515 AB - According to water quality modeling expert Robert V. Thomann, decision makers who assess environmental control strategies are wary of two possibilities: reducing waste inputs to a water body with little or no improvement in water quality, which in environmental engineering is the equivalent of building half a bridge; or mandating controls that are subsequently shown to be excessive, the equivalent of building a bridge to nowhere. To avoid these possibilities, researchers at EPA's Chesapeake Bay Program in Annapolis, Md., are developing a tool for examining the levels of nutrient control achievable in the bay. The watershed model simulates nutrient loads delivered to the estuary under various management scenarios and quantifies the nonpoint and point source loads from major basin sources. Nutrient loads are separated into anthropogenic loads amenable to management and nonanthropogenic loads considered uncontrollable. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Linker, L C AU - Stigall, C G AU - Chang, CH AU - Donigian, A S AD - EPA Chesapeake Bay Program, Annapolis, MD, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 48 EP - 52 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - algal blooms KW - decision making KW - nutrient loading KW - nutrients KW - nutrients (mineral) KW - pollution control KW - water pollution control KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - algae KW - estuaries KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay KW - eutrophication KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15570425?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Aquatic+accounting%3A+Chesapeake+Bay+watershed+model+quantifies+nutrient+loads&rft.au=Linker%2C+L+C%3BStigall%2C+C+G%3BChang%2C+CH%3BDonigian%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Linker&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; water quality; eutrophication; nutrients (mineral); algae; algal blooms; pollution control; water pollution control; nutrients; nutrient loading; decision making; USA, Chesapeake Bay; ANW, USA, Chesapeake Bay; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aquatic accounting AN - 13650396; 199603156 AB - The development of a watershed model for examining the levels of nutrient control achievable in Chesapeake bay is described. The model simulated nutrient loads delivered to the estuary under various management scenarios and quantified the nonpoint and point source loads from major basin sources. The Chesapeake bay watershed drained the water and nutrient loads of 7 mid-Atlantic states. The model structure, input data, scenarios and results are discussed. Nutrient reduction targets had been assigned to all major rivers feeding into the bay. The use of nutrient trading to allow cost-effective clean-up without adversely affecting the resources of Chesapeake bay is considered. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Linker, L C AU - Stigall, C G AU - Chang, CH AU - Donigian, A S AD - U.S. EPA, Annapolis, Md. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 48 EP - 52 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - State KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13650396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Aquatic+accounting&rft.au=Linker%2C+L+C%3BStigall%2C+C+G%3BChang%2C+CH%3BDonigian%2C+A+S&rft.aulast=Linker&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of water chemistry on the toxicity of copper to fathead minnows AN - 13648617; 199603970 AB - The effects of water chemistry (major cations and anions, pH, alkalinity, hardness, dissolved organic matter, suspended solids) on the toxicity of copper to fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were studied. Increased pH, hardness, sodium, dissolved organic matter and suspended solids caused toxicity to decrease on the basis of total copper concentrations. Added potassium resulted in increased toxicity. Alkalinity had no observed effect on total copper LC50, but its effects were masked by those of the cations added with it. The effects of water chemistry were generally similar for different endpoints (growth, survival at different durations) but there were differences in the relative magnitude. Total copper 96-h LC50 values varied 60-fold and cupric ion LC50 varied 16-fold. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Erickson, R J AU - Benoit, DA AU - Mattson, V R AU - Nelson, H P AU - Leonard, EN AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 181 EP - 193 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13648617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+water+chemistry+on+the+toxicity+of+copper+to+fathead+minnows&rft.au=Erickson%2C+R+J%3BBenoit%2C+DA%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BNelson%2C+H+P%3BLeonard%2C+EN&rft.aulast=Erickson&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial reduction of Cr(VI) during anaerobic degradation of benzoate AN - 13647038; 199604742 AB - Microbially mediated chromium(VI) reduction linked to benzoate catabolism was studied in a series of microcosms and enrichments, mostly carried out under strictly anaerobic conditions. An aquifer material containing around 12 mg chromium per kg was employed. Chromium(VI) and benzoate were determined by capillary electrophoresis. The biodegradation of benzoate with the transport of electrons to chromium(VI) was achieved using nitrate or molecular oxygen as an initial stimulator. The biodegradative capacity was retained after depletion of oxygen or nitrate. Benzoate degradation proceeded concurrently with chromium(VI) reduction and was dependent on the latter's presence. Benzoate removal was linearly related to the chromium(VI) consumed, with the stoichiometric ratio in good agreement with the theoretical value for complete oxidation to carbon dioxide coupled to the reduction of chromium(VI) to chromium(III). A concentration of 5.0 mM nitrate did not inhibit reduction of chromium(VI) but enhanced benzoate degradation. The process could have potential for the in-situ biotreatment of chromium(VI) in groundwater. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Shen, H AU - Pritchard, PH AU - Sewell, G W AD - U.S. EPA, Ada, Okla. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1667 EP - 1674 VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13647038?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Microbial+reduction+of+Cr%28VI%29+during+anaerobic+degradation+of+benzoate&rft.au=Shen%2C+H%3BPritchard%2C+PH%3BSewell%2C+G+W&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing the Ground Water Disinfection Rule AN - 13644921; 199604007 AB - In the U.S.A. groundwater sources are primarily used by small communities or non-community systems. They may have little or no water treatment and often no distribution system. Studies of outbreaks of water associated infections and water monitoring suggests that larger community systems are more likely to have problems with distribution systems, and smaller or non-community systems from source contaminations. Some true groundwaters may provide natural disinfection of source waters, but others will require treatment. Ideally, microbiological monitoring would include pathogenic viruses, which may migrate further into a system than faecal coliforms, but suitable indicators have not been determined. Any regulation should achieve an improvement in public health, so studies of endemic waterborne disease rates are being performed so that cost benefit analysis of any regulations can be assessed. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Macler, BA AD - U.S. EPA, San Francisco, Calif. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 47 EP - 55 VL - 88 IS - 3 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Analysis KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Developing+the+Ground+Water+Disinfection+Rule&rft.au=Macler%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Macler&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic sensitivity of one-, four-, and seven-day-old fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) larvae to five toxicants AN - 13644549; 199604458 AB - One-, 4- and 7-day old fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) larvae were exposed to potassium chloride, sodium chloride, 1-octanol, carbaryl or benzaldehyde at concentrations of 125-2000 mg per litre for 7 d. Survival and growth were studied. Hypothesis testing was used to calculate no observed effect concentrations (NOEC) and lowest observed effect concentrations (LOEC) based on survival and growth and also on biomass. The NOEC for survival and growth for potassium chloride and sodium chloride were 500 and 4000 mg per litre, respectively. These values were not affected by larval age. The effects of 1-octanol and carbaryl on growth were more sensitive than the effects on survival but toxicity was not affected by larval age. The 1-d-old larvae were more sensitive to benzaldehyde than the older larvae. The acceptability of the fathead minnow larval survival and growth test method is discussed. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Pickering, Q H AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Winks, K L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 353 EP - 359 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644549?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Subchronic+sensitivity+of+one-%2C+four-%2C+and+seven-day-old+fathead+minnow+%28Pimephales+promelas%29+larvae+to+five+toxicants&rft.au=Pickering%2C+Q+H%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BWinks%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Pickering&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Numerical methods for modelling water quality in distribution systems: a comparison AN - 13643654; 199603832 AB - Four numerical methods of modelling the transient behaviour of water quality in drinking water distribution systems were compared. Of these, 2 were Eulerian (the finite-difference and discrete-volume methods), while the others were Lagrangian (the time-driven and event-driven methods). Each method was encoded in an existing distribution system simulation model and run on several pipe networks of varying size with equal accuracy tolerances. The results for all the methods were comparable in terms of accuracy. The Lagrangian methods were more efficient for simulating chemical transport. The Eulerian methods were more memory-efficient, while the time-driven Lagrangian method was most efficient for modelling water age. There are 30 references. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Rossman, LA AU - Boulos, P F AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 137 EP - 146 VL - 122 IS - 2 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13643654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Numerical+methods+for+modelling+water+quality+in+distribution+systems%3A+a+comparison&rft.au=Rossman%2C+LA%3BBoulos%2C+P+F&rft.aulast=Rossman&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pretreatment to reduce somatic Salmonella phage interference with FRNA coliphage assays: successful use in a one-year survey of vulnerable groundwaters AN - 13643523; 199605215 AB - In a one-year survey of 30 contamination-vulnerable groundwater sites in the continental U.S.A., Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, somatic Salmonella (SS) phages were commonly detected in higher numbers than F-specific RNA (FRNA) coliphages. A pre-treatment, involving selective SS phage removal by Salmonella typhimurium WG45 cells, was applied to groundwater samples to reduce the SS phage content of the samples, thus permitting FRNA coliphage assaying with S. typhimurium WG49. Details of the survey are presented and include the detection of an average FRNA coliphage concentration of 140 plaque-forming units (pfu) per 100 litres of groundwater (from 58 monthly samples at 5 sites), as compared with an average SS coliphage concentration of 565 pfu per 100 litres of groundwater. Additionally, 20 of the 58 monthly samples were positive for both FRNA and SS phages. JF - Letters in Applied Microbiology AU - Stetler, R E AU - Williams, F P AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 49 EP - 54 VL - 23 IS - 1 SN - 0266-8254, 0266-8254 KW - Equipment KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13643523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Pretreatment+to+reduce+somatic+Salmonella+phage+interference+with+FRNA+coliphage+assays%3A+successful+use+in+a+one-year+survey+of+vulnerable+groundwaters&rft.au=Stetler%2C+R+E%3BWilliams%2C+F+P&rft.aulast=Stetler&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=02668254&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioremediation of an experimental oil spill on the shoreline of Delaware bay AN - 13641051; 199604743 AB - The possibility of enhancing the removal of oil from a beach by microbial inoculation and the addition of inorganic mineral nutrients, together or separately, was explored in four blocks of 4 experimental plots on a sandy beach. Light crude oil from which the most volatile components had been removed was applied to the plots. The nutrient medium was a sodium nitrate and tripolyphosphate mixture. An indigenous inoculum was prepared with the crude oil as sole carbon source. Sand samples were systematically taken to monitor biodegradation; they were extracted by organic solvents and analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Alkane- and PAH-degrading bacteria were analysed. Biodegradation was also measured in closed laboratory flask experiments. Corrections for abiotic removal were made by normalization to hopane. First-order rates of oil biodegradation were estimated by nonlinear regression analysis. The values obtained supported biodegradation as the likely mechanism of oil removal. The addition of nutrients enhanced biodegradation compared with untreated plot; considerable removal occurred on the latter. The inoculum did not significantly enhance removal. The high rate of background removal was attributed to a substantial amount of nitrogen being present. Active bioremediation by supplementary nutrient addition was probably inappropriate at this site where nutrient levels were already adequate. There are 38 references. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Venosa, AD AU - Suidan, M T AU - Wrenn, BA AU - Strohmeier, K L AU - Haines, J R AU - Eberhart, B L AU - King, D AU - Holder, E AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1764 EP - 1775 VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Media KW - Sodium nitrate KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13641051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Bioremediation+of+an+experimental+oil+spill+on+the+shoreline+of+Delaware+bay&rft.au=Venosa%2C+AD%3BSuidan%2C+M+T%3BWrenn%2C+BA%3BStrohmeier%2C+K+L%3BHaines%2C+J+R%3BEberhart%2C+B+L%3BKing%2C+D%3BHolder%2C+E&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental methods for Cryptosporidium AN - 13640816; 199702238 AB - The findings of a report by the Working Group on Waterborne Cryptosporidiosis are summarized. Methods for evaluating the viability of Cryptosporidium are reviewed and evaluated. Surrogate indicators, assays and processing techniques are examined. Method characteristics, sample collection and processing, targets, assay type and status are summarized. As most of the methods use antibody-based assays, relevant information on the available antibodies is also given. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Jakubowski, W AU - Boutros, S AU - Faber, W AU - Fayer, R AU - Ghiorse, W AU - Lechevallier, M AU - Rose, J AU - Schaub, S AU - Singh, A AU - Stewart, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 107 EP - 121 VL - 88 IS - 9 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Waterborne KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13640816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Environmental+methods+for+Cryptosporidium&rft.au=Jakubowski%2C+W%3BBoutros%2C+S%3BFaber%2C+W%3BFayer%2C+R%3BGhiorse%2C+W%3BLechevallier%2C+M%3BRose%2C+J%3BSchaub%2C+S%3BSingh%2C+A%3BStewart%2C+M&rft.aulast=Jakubowski&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Extraction and analysis of low concentrations of DDT, DDE and DDD in small volumes of sediment pore water AN - 13640541; 199701267 AB - An analytical method was developed for DDT and its metabolites at concentrations below 1 ng per litre in 30-ml volumes of sediment porewater. The methods and their detailed variations were assessed by spiking uncontaminated porewater. This was extracted with hexane and fractionated on acid celite. This material proved superior to acid silica gel for the removal of interfering compounds. Quantification was achieved by gas chromatography. Method performance was monitored with PCB 065, its mean recovery being 48-60 per cent. The procedure was applied to sediments contaminated by DDT from a former chemical discharge. Details of the evaluation of the analytical method are given. JF - Chemosphere AU - Cotter, A M AU - Kosian, P A AU - Hoke, R A AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1341 EP - 1354 VL - 33 IS - 7 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Celite KW - Analysis KW - Hexane KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13640541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Extraction+and+analysis+of+low+concentrations+of+DDT%2C+DDE+and+DDD+in+small+volumes+of+sediment+pore+water&rft.au=Cotter%2C+A+M%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Cotter&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 in water from coliform enrichment cultures AN - 13640280; 199701206 AB - Escherichia coli 0157:H7 was recovered from environmental water samples using a traditional coliform enrichment procedure followed by selective plating on sorbitol MacConkey agar and biochemical and serological characterization. All of the isolates were positive in the glutamate decarboxylase assay and negative in the beta-glucuronidase assay which were useful procedures for screening suspected isolates. The organism was not recovered in a survey of 20 water samples. JF - Letters in Applied Microbiology AU - Rice, E W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Reasoner, D J AD - US EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 179 EP - 182 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0266-8254, 0266-8254 KW - Sorbitol KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13640280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Detection+of+Escherichia+coli+0157%3AH7+in+water+from+coliform+enrichment+cultures&rft.au=Rice%2C+E+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BReasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Letters+in+Applied+Microbiology&rft.issn=02668254&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Basic comparison of structure and functioning of legislative, governmental and non-governmental bodies for water quality management in the USA and CR: an American view AN - 13640010; 199605506 AB - A brief history of water resource management and institutions in the U.S.A. is given and some problems arising from the approach taken are outlined. These were principally related to difficulties of integrating the work of regulatory agencies. The U.S. EPA's policy to water quality management was expressed through the Watershed Protection Approach whose key principles were: integrated science focusing on a specific geographical area, stakeholder involvement, integrated actions, and evaluation. Progress in implementing WPA is outlined. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Brady, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Chicago, Ill. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 27 EP - 30 VL - 33 IS - 4/5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13640010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Basic+comparison+of+structure+and+functioning+of+legislative%2C+governmental+and+non-governmental+bodies+for+water+quality+management+in+the+USA+and+CR%3A+an+American+view&rft.au=Brady%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4%2F5&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of climate warming on fish thermal habitat in streams of the United States AN - 13639749; 199702974 AB - A preliminary semi-quantitative analysis of the effects of climate warming on fish habitats used baseline water temperatures obtained from data at 1700 stream monitoring stations across the U.S.A. and general circulation model predictions of a doubling of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The predicted air temperature changes were multiplied by a factor of 0.9 (based on several field studies) before addition to the baseline stream temperatures and the thermal tolerance of 57 fish species was determined using a fish and temperature database matching system. Predicted decreases of nearly 50 per cent and 14.2 per cent in thermal habitat were distributed throughout the range of cold-water and cool-water fish and of warm-water fish respectively. The greatest habitat losses would occur among species with the smallest baseline distribution and in areas such as the central Mid-west which had the greatest degree of projected climate warming. The thermal requirements of warm-water fish were poorly understood and the habitats of some species could be increased by climate warming. JF - Limnology and Oceanography AU - Eaton, J G AU - Scheller, R M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1109 EP - 1115 VL - 41 IS - 5 SN - 0024-3590, 0024-3590 KW - Analysis KW - Cool water KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639749?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Effects+of+climate+warming+on+fish+thermal+habitat+in+streams+of+the+United+States&rft.au=Eaton%2C+J+G%3BScheller%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=00243590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Covalent binding of aniline to humic substances. 1. Kinetic studies AN - 13639638; 199702297 AB - The kinetics of covalent binding of aniline to dissolved organic matter (DOM) at concentrations typically found in natural aquatic ecosystems (1-50 mg carbon per litre) were studied. The binding of aniline to Suwannee river humic and fulvic acid isolates, International Humic Substances Society soil humic and fulvic acid isolates, unfractionated DOM isolated from the Suwannee river, and whole samples of Suwannee river water was investigated. The reaction kinetics were second-order. It was estimated that approximately 10 per cent of the covalent binding sites associated with Suwannee river fulvic acid (SRFA) were highly reactive sites. The effects of pH and redox potential on the covalent binding of aniline to SRFA were determined. The reaction rate decreased with decreasing pH. The covalent binding of aniline with SRFA was inhibited by pre-treatment of the fulvic acid with hydrogen sulphide, hydroxylamine or sodium borohydride. There are 38 references. (see also following abstract). JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Weber, E J AU - Spidle, D L AU - Thorn, KA AD - U.S. EPA, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2755 EP - 2763 VL - 30 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Hydroxylamine KW - International humic substances society KW - Reduction KW - Sodium borohydride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639638?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Covalent+binding+of+aniline+to+humic+substances.+1.+Kinetic+studies&rft.au=Weber%2C+E+J%3BSpidle%2C+D+L%3BThorn%2C+KA&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2755&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modified survival, growth and reproduction in an estuarine mysid (Mysidopsis bahia) exposed to a juvenile hormone analogue throughout a complete life cycle AN - 13639500; 199700476 AB - Mysids were exposed to methoprene throughout a complete life cycle. At 125 ug methoprene per litre all mysids died within 4 d. Mysid growth was significantly less than control after 15 d exposure to 62 ug per litre. The length of time to release of the first brood was significantly increased at concentrations of 4, 8,31 and 62 ug per litre, and the number of young released from the first broods was significantly reduced at 8 ug per litre and above. The most sensitive response to methoprene was the number of young produced during the first brood of individual females which was reduced at all concentrations tested from 2 ug per litre. There are 43 references JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - McKenney, CL AU - Celestial, D M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 11 EP - 20 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639500?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Modified+survival%2C+growth+and+reproduction+in+an+estuarine+mysid+%28Mysidopsis+bahia%29+exposed+to+a+juvenile+hormone+analogue+throughout+a+complete+life+cycle&rft.au=McKenney%2C+CL%3BCelestial%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=McKenney&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions between ozone, AOM, and particles in water treatment AN - 13639494; 199605308 AB - The effects of ozone on algogenic organic matter (AOM) were investigated. Mechanisms by which ozone treatment led to reductions in colloidal stability in the case of particles coated with AOM were also examined. AOM was extracted from 2 algae, Scenedesmus and Chlorella, for use in synthetic waters. Particle stability was assessed using electrophoretic mobility measurements. Changes in humic content, molecular weight, acidity and complexation capacity of AOM with calcium were studied before and after ozone treatment. Ozonation enhanced flocculation only if calcium binding increased significantly after ozonation. The magnitude of the increase in calcium binding depended on the type of AOM present in the water. There are 36 references. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Chandrakanth AU - Krishnan, S AU - Amy, G L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 459 EP - 468 VL - 122 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Interactions+between+ozone%2C+AOM%2C+and+particles+in+water+treatment&rft.au=Chandrakanth%3BKrishnan%2C+S%3BAmy%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Chandrakanth&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=459&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate and effects of the herbicide atrazine in flow-through wetland mesocosms AN - 13639477; 199700488 AB - The potential long-term direct and indirect, lethal and sublethal effects of relatively low-level atrazine exposure to components of wetland communities were studied in flow-through mesocosms. Treated mesocosms were exposed to atrazine at 4 concentrations (15, 25, 50, and 75 ug per litre). Control wetlands had an average atrazine concentration of 0.69 ug per litre. The effects of atrazine exposure on periphyton biomass and production, macrophyte cover and growth rates, survival and growth of Daphnia magna, Rana pipiens, and Pimephales promelas larvae and adults were measured. The interaction between nutrient status or grazing intensity and atrazine effects was also measured. Periphyton net productivity was decreased at atrazine concentrations of 15 ug per litre and respiration was either significantly reduced by atrazine treatments (25 ug per litre) or significantly stimulated (75 ug per litre). Ceratophyllum length/weight ratios increased after 6 d exposure to 50 ug per litre atrazine. The atrazine effects on periphyton composition varied with the nitrogen:phosphorus supply ratio. Daphnia survival was depressed at atrazine concentrations of 15 ug per litre. There are 42 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Detenbeck, N E AU - Hermanutz, R AU - Allen, K AU - Swift, M C AD - U.S. EPA Environmental Research Laboratory, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 937 EP - 946 VL - 15 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Mesocosm KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Fate+and+effects+of+the+herbicide+atrazine+in+flow-through+wetland+mesocosms&rft.au=Detenbeck%2C+N+E%3BHermanutz%2C+R%3BAllen%2C+K%3BSwift%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Detenbeck&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=937&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating plant performance with endospores AN - 13639476; 199702303 AB - The use of a microbial surrogate system, based on the endospores of aerobic spore-forming bacteria, for evaluating the removal efficiency of biological particles is described. Various water sources were examined and data were collected from coagulation and chlorine inactivation studies. Spore removals and turbidity and particle removals were compared for pilot-scale and full-scale water treatment works. Spore removal closely matched particle removal. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Rice, E W AU - Fox, K R AU - Miltner, R J AU - Lytle, DA AU - Johnson, CH AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinatti, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 122 EP - 130 VL - 88 IS - 9 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639476?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Evaluating+plant+performance+with+endospores&rft.au=Rice%2C+E+W%3BFox%2C+K+R%3BMiltner%2C+R+J%3BLytle%2C+DA%3BJohnson%2C+CH&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=122&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Milwaukee's crypto outbreak: investigation and recommendations AN - 13639189; 199702236 AB - Investigations by the U.S. EPA into the outbreak of waterborne disease caused by Cryptosporidium in Milwaukee, Wis., in March-April 1993, are reported. The outbreak caused illness in more than 400,000 people served by 2 water treatment facilities that used raw water from Michigan lake. Facility operational and laboratory data were also examined. Factors contributing the the outbreak are discussed. Recommendations for improving the operation of the treatment works are summarized. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Fox, K R AU - Lytle, DA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinatti, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 87 EP - 94 VL - 88 IS - 9 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639189?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Milwaukee%27s+crypto+outbreak%3A+investigation+and+recommendations&rft.au=Fox%2C+K+R%3BLytle%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Watershed Protection Approach: a framework for ecosystem protection AN - 13639034; 199605514 AB - The principles of ecosystem management and Community-based Environmental Protection are explained as background to the Watershed Protection Approach (WPA). The important aspects of the latter involved a geographical focus, action driven by environmental objectives, co-ordinated priority setting, integrated solutions and management decisions taken in partnership. The U.S. EPA's methods of implementing WPA, often through state and other agencies, included: better co-operation between agencies and within the EPA; the creation of state catchment programmes; improved catchment management; and communication with the public. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Davenport, TE AU - Phillips, N J AU - Kirschner, BA AU - Kirschner, L T AD - U.S. EPA, Chicago, Ill. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 23 EP - 26 VL - 33 IS - 4/5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13639034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=The+Watershed+Protection+Approach%3A+a+framework+for+ecosystem+protection&rft.au=Davenport%2C+TE%3BPhillips%2C+N+J%3BKirschner%2C+BA%3BKirschner%2C+L+T&rft.aulast=Davenport&rft.aufirst=TE&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4%2F5&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vitellogenin induction and reduced serum testosterone concentrations in feral male carp (Cyprinus carpio) captured near a major metropolitan sewage treatment plant AN - 13638456; 199702967 AB - Serum was collected from common carp (Cyprinus carpio) caught at 5 sites in Minnesota and analysed for vitellogenin and steroids. Most female fish from all sites had measurable vitellogenin concentrations but so did 7 out of 10 male carp from a sewage effluent canal. No males from other sites had detectable vitellogenin concentrations. Concentrations of 17beta-estradiol in male carp were similar at all sites. Male carp from the sewage effluent canal and from a river receiving agricultural runoff had significantly reduced testosterone concentrations and raised oestrogen:androgen ratios compared to those from other sites. The sewage effluent appeared to have an oestrogenic effect in male carp that was not due to the raised oestrogen:androgen ratio. There are 66 references. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Folmar, L C AU - Denslow, N D AU - Rao, V AU - Chow, M AU - Crain, DA AU - Enblom, J AU - Marcino, J AU - Guillette, L J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1096 EP - 1101 VL - 104 IS - 10 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Analysis KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Reduction KW - Vitellogenin KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13638456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Vitellogenin+induction+and+reduced+serum+testosterone+concentrations+in+feral+male+carp+%28Cyprinus+carpio%29+captured+near+a+major+metropolitan+sewage+treatment+plant&rft.au=Folmar%2C+L+C%3BDenslow%2C+N+D%3BRao%2C+V%3BChow%2C+M%3BCrain%2C+DA%3BEnblom%2C+J%3BMarcino%2C+J%3BGuillette%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Folmar&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1096&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of grass shrimp (Palaemonetes pugio) embryo toxicity tests using the water soluble fraction of Number 2 fuel oil AN - 13637975; 199704138 AB - The original toxicity test procedure using grass shrimp Palaemonetes pugio exposed to the water soluble fraction of Number 2 fuel oil for 12 d in glass tubes, was compared with modified 4-d and 12-d tests in plastic tissue culture plates. Comparison of LC50, coefficients of variation and time-to-hatch indicated no significant change in test sensitivity from the plastic containers. Sensitivity was slightly reduced by shortening the test to a 4-d test carried out between days 9 and 13 after embryo oviposition. This time period encompassed sensitive life stages. The 4-d exposure in plastic plates was used to examine variability of the toxic response in 4 broods of embryos exposed to 3 different toxicant preparations. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Rayburn, J R AU - Glas, P S AU - Foss, S S AU - Fisher, W S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 860 EP - 866 VL - 32 IS - 12 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - 2,4-d KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13637975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+grass+shrimp+%28Palaemonetes+pugio%29+embryo+toxicity+tests+using+the+water+soluble+fraction+of+Number+2+fuel+oil&rft.au=Rayburn%2C+J+R%3BGlas%2C+P+S%3BFoss%2C+S+S%3BFisher%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Rayburn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=860&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollution threats to the Gulf of Bothnia AN - 13637940; 199702183 AB - The distribution of pollutants throughout the Gulf of Bothnia are considered and data on metals, nutrients and organic matter are presented. Dramatic decreases in the discharge of organochlorine compounds from pulp mills were recorded but the continued input from diffuse sources, including the atmosphere, is noted. The interaction between eutrophication and other contaminants is considered. Evidence of problems of fish reproduction is presented. Much of the pollution caused by large local discharges was decreasing but sediment and biota would remain contaminated for a long time. Conditions outside the area and inputs from the Baltic sea would assume relatively greater importance. The ecosystems of the Gulf of Bothnia were very vulnerable because of nearly oligotrophic conditions and a climate that could favour accumulation of persistent organic pollutants. There are 50 references. JF - Ambio AU - Jonsson, P AU - Grimvall, A AU - Cederlof, M AU - Hilden, M AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 22 EP - 27 VL - Special-Report IS - 8 SN - 0044-7447, 0044-7447 KW - Diffuse sources KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13637940?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ambio&rft.atitle=Pollution+threats+to+the+Gulf+of+Bothnia&rft.au=Jonsson%2C+P%3BGrimvall%2C+A%3BCederlof%2C+M%3BHilden%2C+M&rft.aulast=Jonsson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=Special-Report&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ambio&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of titanium oxide/UV disinfection byproducts in drinking water AN - 13637718; 199703228 AB - Concern about trihalomethanes and other chlorinated disinfection byproducts in chlorinated drinking water has led to alternative disinfection methods being researched, particularly for small systems of less than 3300 people. Titanium oxide photocatalysis in combination with ultrafiltration was investigated as an alternative treatment. Organic disinfection byproducts formed by this method were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. One organic disinfection byproduct was produced, tentatively identified as 3-methyl-2,4-hexanedione. When chlorine was used with titanium oxide treatment several chlorinated and brominated DBP were found but the number and concentration was lower than when chlorine was used as the sole disinfectant. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Richardson, S D AU - Thruston, AD AU - Collette, T W AU - Patterson, K S AU - Lykins, B W AU - Ireland, J C AD - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 3327 EP - 3334 VL - 30 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13637718?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+titanium+oxide%2FUV+disinfection+byproducts+in+drinking+water&rft.au=Richardson%2C+S+D%3BThruston%2C+AD%3BCollette%2C+T+W%3BPatterson%2C+K+S%3BLykins%2C+B+W%3BIreland%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=3327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urban wet-weather flows AN - 13637694; 199701036 AB - A review of literature published in 1995 on urban wet-weather flows (combined sewer overflows, sanitary sewer overflows, and stormwater discharges) is presented. The sources of urban wet-weather flows and their impacts on receiving water are considered. Articles relating to the management of wet-weather flows using computer models, e.g. SWMM, MOSQITO, FLUPOL, LTSM, MOUSE, are reviewed. The watershed approach to wet-weather flow management is considered. Policy documents published by the U.S. EPA Office of Water are reviewed. Techniques for the control of wet-weather flows based on land management, drainage systems and storage and treatment are reviewed. There are 128 references. JF - Water Environment Research AU - Field, R AU - Deguida, R N AU - Fan, CY AU - Hsu, K F AU - O'Connor, T P AD - U.S. EPA, Edison, N.J. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 423 EP - 430 VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 0161-4303, 0161-4303 KW - Mosqito KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13637694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+Research&rft.atitle=Urban+wet-weather+flows&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BDeguida%2C+R+N%3BFan%2C+CY%3BHsu%2C+K+F%3BO%27Connor%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+Research&rft.issn=01614303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental assessment for wastewater reclamation and reuse projects AN - 13637416; 199701148 AB - Environmental reviews and assessments incorporating environmental matters into the planning of water reuse schemes are described. The procedural and substantive provisions of environmental laws in the U.S.A. generally and in California specifically, namely the National Environmental Policy Act and the Californian Environmental Quality Act, are discussed. Aspects covered include: the types of environmental impact statement (EIS) or environmental impact report (EIR); the notice of intent; the scope of the EIS; the draft and final EIS or EIR; statement of purpose and need; impacts, including those on archaeological and historic resources; mitigation and economic and social effects. Two case studies illustrate the methods. It was essential for the procedures to start early enough in the planning to allow environmental factors to influence project design but late enough for useful information to be available for writing the EIS. It was important to note that an EIR or EIS took about a year to produce. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Kontos, N AU - Asano, T AD - California State Water Resources Control Board Office of Water Recycling, Sacramento Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 473 EP - 486 VL - 33 IS - 10/11 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Notice KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13637416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Environmental+assessment+for+wastewater+reclamation+and+reuse+projects&rft.au=Kontos%2C+N%3BAsano%2C+T&rft.aulast=Kontos&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=10%2F11&rft.spage=473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrolysis and biodegradation of sulphonylurea herbicides in aqueous buffers and anaerobic water-sediment systems: assessing fate pathways using molecular descriptors AN - 13637097; 199702227 AB - The degradation of 12 sulphonylurea herbicides was investigated in buffers at different pH values and in anaerobic sediments. The herbicides were amidosulphuron, bensulphuron-methyl, chlorimuron-ethyl, chlorsulphuron, ethametsulphuron-methyl, metsulphuron-methyl, nicosulphuron, primisulfuron-methyl, sulphometuron-methyl, thiphensulphuron-methyl, triasulphuron and tribenuron-methyl. The hydrolysis rate constants were determined. The cleavage of the sulphonylurea bridge was the most common bond- breaking pathway for sulphonylurea herbicides. It was observed for 6 compounds by the formation of saccharin. Different hydrolysis processes occurred under acidic, neutral and alkaline conditions. Degradation pathways and reaction rate constants were assessed with molecular descriptors. Chemical reactivities of sulphonylurea herbicides in sediments and aqueous buffers could be estimated using molecular descriptors. Quantitative structure-reactivity relationships showed a linear relationship between the reaction rates in sediments and the calculated octanol/water partition coefficient, the molecular volume and the atomic charge at the principal reactive site of the molecules. There are 36 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Berger, B M AU - Wolfe, N L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Ga. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1500 EP - 1507 VL - 15 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Atomic KW - Chlorimuron-ethyl KW - Saccharin KW - Tribenuron-methyl KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13637097?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Hydrolysis+and+biodegradation+of+sulphonylurea+herbicides+in+aqueous+buffers+and+anaerobic+water-sediment+systems%3A+assessing+fate+pathways+using+molecular+descriptors&rft.au=Berger%2C+B+M%3BWolfe%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1500&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Watershed Protection Approach AN - 13636891; 199605513 AB - The U.S. EPA's approach to catchment protection is outlined. The evolutionary nature of the Watershed Protection Approach (WPA) is explained. The reasons for the EPA's endorsement are set out including recognition of past gains and losses, emerging definitions of water quality, a previous focus on individual legal requirements, multimedia problems, and increased need for co-ordination. The 4 key principles defining WPA, namely an integrated scientific approach focused on a specific geographical area, stakeholder involvement, integrated actions, and evaluation, are discussed. Experience to date and implementation issues are explored. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Brady, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Chicago, Ill. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 17 EP - 21 VL - 33 IS - 4/5 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Filter media (see also packing, groups below) KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13636891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=The+Watershed+Protection+Approach&rft.au=Brady%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Brady&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=4%2F5&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Swirl technology: enhancement of design, evaluation, and application AN - 13636498; 199701323 AB - Applications of swirl and vortex technologies are considered. The major functions of these technologies were flow regulation and settleable-solids concentration for combined sewer overflows. The performance of all varieties of swirl devices depended on the settling characteristics of the suspended solids and the fraction of dissolved solids in the storm flow. Reliable evaluation of swirl technology performance depended principally on accurate sampling techniques, analyses of suspended solids and other pollutants, and determinations of velocity distribution for influent and effluent. Improved design, evaluation and application practices for the use of swirl and vortex technologies were considered. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Field, R AU - O'Connor, T P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 741 EP - 748 VL - 122 IS - 8 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Analysis KW - Equipment KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13636498?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Swirl+technology%3A+enhancement+of+design%2C+evaluation%2C+and+application&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BO%27Connor%2C+T+P&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biochemical components in suspended particles and colloids: carbohydrates in the Potomac and Patuxent Estuaries AN - 13636271; 199700664 AB - Suspended particle (more than 0.4 um) and colloidal fractions were separated by ultrafiltration from water samples collected from a 187 km segment of the Potomac estuary during high-flow runoff in late spring and from the Patuxent estuary during a summer dinoflagellate bloom. Determination of monosaccharides in suspended particles showed an average composition of 43 per cent glucose, 13 per cent galactose, 11 per cent rhamnose, 9 per cent fucose, xylose and mannose, and 5 per cent arabinose. The average carbon:nitrogen ratio for suspended particles and colloids was 9.3 which was indicative of single-cell organisms. Water concentrations of colloidal carbohydrates (2 nm-0.4 um) were 125-225 ug per litre in the Potomac estuary and up to 576 ug per litre in the Patuxent estuary. The estuarine colloids contained 15 per cent glucose, 21 per cent galactose, 14 per cent rhamnose, 16 per cent fucose, 16 per cent xylose, 9 per cent mannose, 7 per cent arabinose and 4 per cent ribose. Colloidal material isolated by ultrafiltration comprised 38-70 per cent by weight of dissolved organic carbon. There are 65 references. JF - Organic Geochemistry AU - Sigleo, A C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Newport, Ore. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 83 EP - 93 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0146-6380, 0146-6380 KW - Arabinose KW - Suspended KW - Xylose KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13636271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.atitle=Biochemical+components+in+suspended+particles+and+colloids%3A+carbohydrates+in+the+Potomac+and+Patuxent+Estuaries&rft.au=Sigleo%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Sigleo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Organic+Geochemistry&rft.issn=01466380&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wastewater recycling and environmental constraints at a base metal mine and process facilities AN - 13636260; 199701338 AB - Recycling of water at a facility which mined and prepared sphalerite and galena ores was planned from the mine's initial development in the 1970s. Water was used in the last stages of grinding, for flotation and for concentration. Tailings and wastewater were transferred to a tailings pond which was eventually expanded to 18 Mm3 with 30-50 d retention. Settled water from the pond was mixed with mine water and passed through 2 reclaim water ponds in series. A proportion of the polished water was returned to the processes and the remainder discharged to river after further polishing in another pond. Effluent quality was satisfactory. In 1993, 8500 tonnes per d of ore were milled using 4 m3 per tonne water; this was a saving of 33 per cent on planned use. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - O'Leary, W AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Dublin Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 371 EP - 379 VL - 33 IS - 10/11 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Lead sulphide KW - Zinc sulphides KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13636260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Wastewater+recycling+and+environmental+constraints+at+a+base+metal+mine+and+process+facilities&rft.au=O%27Leary%2C+W&rft.aulast=O%27Leary&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=10%2F11&rft.spage=371&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of embryonic and larval inland silversides, Menidia beryllina to a water-soluble fraction formed during biodegradation of artificially weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil AN - 13635838; 199703975 AB - The amounts of recoverable water soluble fraction (WSF) of neutral oil fraction present in seawater after weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil was stirred for 2 or 14 d in the laboratory under sterile conditions or stirred for 14 d after inoculation with nutrients and oil-degrading microbes isolated from Prince William Sound, Alaska, U.S.A., were determined. A total of 0.65 and 0.69 mg WSF of neutral fraction hydrocarbons per litre were recovered from the 2- and 14-d stirred sterile systems, respectively. A total of 7.5 mg WSF neutral fraction hydrocarbons per litre was recovered from the systems containing oil-degrading microbes. The toxicity of the neutral fraction hydrocarbons recovered from the sterile and biodegraded systems was evaluated using inland silversides (Menidia beryllina). Hydrocarbons from the sterile system did not cause a teratogenic response at concentrations of 1-100 per cent of recovered fractions. Those from the biodegraded systems caused significant teratogenic responses at 1-100 per cent WSF concentrations. Measurement of heart contraction rates showed that the WSF formed during biodegradation was more toxic than that formed in sterile seawater. There are 42 references. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Chapman, P J AU - Shelton, ME AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 410 EP - 419 VL - 31 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13635838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Responses+of+embryonic+and+larval+inland+silversides%2C+Menidia+beryllina+to+a+water-soluble+fraction+formed+during+biodegradation+of+artificially+weathered+Alaska+North+Slope+crude+oil&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BChapman%2C+P+J%3BShelton%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=410&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of metal/acid-volatile sulphide relationships in the prediction of metal bioaccumulation by benthic macroinvertebrates AN - 13635651; 199703474 AB - The literature on metal bioaccumulation relating the sediment metal:acid-volatile sulphide (AVS) concentration ratio (R) is reviewed to examine the theory that AVS controls metal bioavailability. Twelve studies were evaluated which included 10 d laboratory experiments with metal-treated or field sediments containing several metals and field studies over 1 year with sediments treated with cadmium or zinc. Test organisms included molluscs (Helisoma sp.), oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus) polychaetes (Neanthes arenaceodentata), amphipods (Hyalella azteca) and midges (Chironomus tentans). Most of the studies indicated that metal accumulation was reduced when R values were below 1. Some exceptions were noted, 2 of which occurred in short-term laboratory experiments with cadmium- or nickel-treated sediments. In these, a linear accumulation of metals with increasing sediment metal concentrations was observed irrespective of the R value. More research was needed to assess the role of animal behaviour, to develop integrated models that considered exposure from sediments and overlying water and to take into account the consumption of contaminated benthos by higher predators. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2138 EP - 2146 VL - 15 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Helisoma KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13635651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+metal%2Facid-volatile+sulphide+relationships+in+the+prediction+of+metal+bioaccumulation+by+benthic+macroinvertebrates&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=2138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental analysis by ab initio quantum mechanical computation and gas chromatography/Fourier Transform infrared spectrometry AN - 13635422; 199703778 AB - Seven tetrachlorobutadiene (TCBD) isomers were identified in a contaminated sediment sample using computational chemistry, in conjunction with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry/Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (GC/MS/FT-IR). Gaussian quantum chemistry software was used for computation of the TCBD IR spectra. Because of the unavailability of authentic TCBD retention time standards for chromatographic confirmation of GC-MS data, these chlorinated butadiene isomers could not be identified using the U.S. EPA's screening procedures for bioconcentratable organic chemicals in effluents and sediments. The Hartree-Fock/6-31G level of theory was used, with IR frequencies scaled by a standard factor of 0.89. This approach could be used for characterizing or confirming environmental analyte identifications in the absence of available spectra. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Gurka, D F AU - Titus, R AU - Robins, K AU - Wong, A AU - Wurrey, C J AU - Durig, J R AU - Shen, Z AU - Burkhard, L P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 4221 EP - 4227 VL - 68 IS - 23 KW - Fourier KW - Analysis KW - Quantum KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13635422?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Environmental+analysis+by+ab+initio+quantum+mechanical+computation+and+gas+chromatography%2FFourier+Transform+infrared+spectrometry&rft.au=Gurka%2C+D+F%3BTitus%2C+R%3BRobins%2C+K%3BWong%2C+A%3BWurrey%2C+C+J%3BDurig%2C+J+R%3BShen%2C+Z%3BBurkhard%2C+L+P&rft.aulast=Gurka&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=4221&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fish biliary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites estimated by fixed-wavelength fluorescence: comparison with HPLC-fluorescent detection AN - 13635291; 199703985 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure in brown bullhead (Ameiurus nebulosus), white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) and common carp (Cyprinus carpio) were determined using fixed wavelength fluorescence and high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC). Two excitation/emission wavelength pairs were used to measure naphthalene and benzo[apyrene-type (B[aP)metabolites. Early non-metabolite fluorescent peaks were negligible in HPLC chromatograms. Linear regression analysis of fixed wavelength fluorescence and HPLC data was significant but absolute values were not equivalent. HPLC values for B[aP-type metabolites were always higher than those determined by fixed wavelength fluorescence. For naphthalene-type metabolites there was no consistent relationship between the 2 sets of values. Both methods were equally able to discriminate between impacted and reference sites. JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety AU - Lin, ELC AU - Cormier, S M AU - Torsella, JA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 16 EP - 23 VL - 35 IS - 1 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13635291?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.atitle=Fish+biliary+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbon+metabolites+estimated+by+fixed-wavelength+fluorescence%3A+comparison+with+HPLC-fluorescent+detection&rft.au=Lin%2C+ELC%3BCormier%2C+S+M%3BTorsella%2C+JA&rft.aulast=Lin&rft.aufirst=ELC&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of groundwater samples from Superfund sites by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry AN - 13635194; 199703772 AB - Groundwater samples from 2 Superfund sites in the U.S.A., were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), particle beam liquid chromatography-MS (PB-LC-MS) and thermospray LC-MS (TS-LC-MS) to improve the identification and analysis of polar organic compounds. GC-MS was carried out using a nitroterephthalic acid-modified polyethylene glycol phase column. Up to 84 major chromatographic peaks were observed in methylene chloride sample extracts from the 2 sites. Of these, approximately 80 per cent were identified. The majority were carboxylic acids, alcohols, ketones or alkylbenzenes. PB-LC-MS was capable of identifying components in addition to those identified by GC-MS. TSP-LC-MS detected many compounds. Tentative identifications were limited to those for which standards were available. Negative-ion TSP was more sensitive for the detection of acidic compounds than positive ion TSP. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Betowski, L D AU - Kendall, D S AU - Pace, C M AU - Donnelly, J R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 3558 EP - 3564 VL - 30 IS - 12 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Superfund KW - Analysis KW - Columns KW - Methylene chloride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13635194?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+groundwater+samples+from+Superfund+sites+by+gas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry+and+liquid+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry&rft.au=Betowski%2C+L+D%3BKendall%2C+D+S%3BPace%2C+C+M%3BDonnelly%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Betowski&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3558&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of esfenvalerate on the reproductive success of the bluegill sunfish Lepomis macrochirus in littoral enclosures AN - 13635012; 199703996 AB - Adult bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) behaviour and spawning, embryo hatchability, larval survival until swim-up, young-of-year (YOY) growth and total biomass were measured after 2 applications of esfenvalerate at nominal concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.08, 0.20, 1.0 or 5.0 ug per litre in littoral enclosures. All adults died within 1 d following the first application at concentrations of 5.0 ug esfenvalerate per litre. Successful spawning and hatching of offspring were observed at all concentrations except 5.0 ug esfenvalerate per litre. Spawning was delayed for 15 d at concentrations of 1.0 ug per litre and few or no larvae survived. YOY growth was reduced by 62, 57 and 86 per cent in concentrations 0.08, 0.20 and 1.0 ug per litre, respectively. Results were compared with those obtained from 2 other mesocosm studies. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Tanner, D K AU - Knuth, M L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 244 EP - 251 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Esfenvalerate KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Mesocosm KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13635012?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+esfenvalerate+on+the+reproductive+success+of+the+bluegill+sunfish+Lepomis+macrochirus+in+littoral+enclosures&rft.au=Tanner%2C+D+K%3BKnuth%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Tanner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=244&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Arsenic determination in saline waters utilizing a tubular membrane as a gas-liquid separator for hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry AN - 13634947; 199700761 AB - As part of a combined hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric (HG-ICP-MS) method for the determination of arsenic in saline waters, a silicone rubber tubular membrane was used as a gas-liquid separator. The membrane-based HG system was optimized, for sodium borohydride and hydrochloric acid concentrations and for signal stability rather than absolute sensitivity. Potassium iodide and potassium iodide-ascorbic acid were evaluated as pre-reducing agents for arsenic(V) in seawater samples. The potassium iodide-ascorbic acid treatment produced a similar response for arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) independent of the matrix. Samples treated with potassium iodide-ascorbic acid could be stored for 21 days without significant response changes. An arsenic detection limit of 92 pg was obtained. The system was validated by analysing 2 reference materials, NASS-4 and SLEW-2, results obtained were within 95 per cent confidence limits. Precision and recovery data were collected using 3 Pacific north-west estuarine samples and gave recoveries of 99-104 per cent with relative standard deviations between 3-9 per cent. JF - Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry AU - Creed, J T AU - Magnuson, M L AU - Brockhoff, CA AU - Chamberlain, I AU - Sivaganesan, M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 505 EP - 509 VL - 11 IS - 7 SN - 0267-9477, 0267-9477 KW - Analysis KW - Potassium iodide KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Sodium borohydride KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13634947?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Analytical+Atomic+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Arsenic+determination+in+saline+waters+utilizing+a+tubular+membrane+as+a+gas-liquid+separator+for+hydride+generation+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Creed%2C+J+T%3BMagnuson%2C+M+L%3BBrockhoff%2C+CA%3BChamberlain%2C+I%3BSivaganesan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Creed&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=505&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Analytical+Atomic+Spectrometry&rft.issn=02679477&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic bioremediation of fuel contamination in ground water at a field site AN - 13633904; 199705564 AB - In March 1994 core material and groundwater samples were collected from the site of a gasoline spill that had occurred in 1986 at Patrick Air Force Base service station, Cocoa beach, Fla. The subsurface was beach sand with sea shell fragments and the water table was near 1.3 m below ground surface. Samples were analysed to predict the influence of natural attenuation on dissolved contaminant migration and attenuation. Intrinsic remediation incorporated biodegradation, sorption, dilution, volatilization, dispersion and advection, which could occur concurrently. Three lines of evidence to identify intrinsic bioremediation were loss of contaminants on the field scale, geochemical data and the presence of intermediate microbial BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes) breakdown products. Aerobic respiration and methanogenesis accounted for most of the biodegradation and contaminant loss showed that natural attenuation was occurring. Intrinsic bioremediation would be a viable option to restore this site. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Kampbell, D H AU - Wiedemeier, TH AU - Hansen, JE AD - U.S. EPA, Ada, Okla. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 197 EP - 204 VL - 49 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Analysis KW - Ethylbenzene KW - Hydrogeochemical KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13633904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+bioremediation+of+fuel+contamination+in+ground+water+at+a+field+site&rft.au=Kampbell%2C+D+H%3BWiedemeier%2C+TH%3BHansen%2C+JE&rft.aulast=Kampbell&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of DNA damage in individual cells from marine organisms using the single cell gel assay AN - 13633654; 199702479 AB - Flounder (Pleuronectes americanus) blood cells exposed in-vitro to varying concentrations of known DNA strand breaking agents were assayed using a single cell gel (SCG) method after alkaline electrophonesis, which showed a dose response effect. Blood,liver or intestinal cells from flounder exposed in vivo to benzo(a)pyrene in food or sediment for 30 d were assayed by SCG. There were wide inter-individual differences and a significant effect was only seen in the gut cells of fish exposed through food. Haemolymph cells were assayed by oysters (Crassostrea virginica) exposed to various combinations of genotoxic substances, SCG before and during exposure and after 25 d recovery. There was a significant increase in mean nuclear 'tail' length after 53 d exposure to a benzo(a)pyrene/benzanthracene combination but no significant difference from control after recovery. This technique might be useful for monitoring pollution mediated health effects. There are 36 references. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Nacci, DE AU - Cayula, S AU - Jackim, E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 197 EP - 210 VL - 35 IS - 3/4 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Pleuronectes americanus KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Pyrene KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13633654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Detection+of+DNA+damage+in+individual+cells+from+marine+organisms+using+the+single+cell+gel+assay&rft.au=Nacci%2C+DE%3BCayula%2C+S%3BJackim%2C+E&rft.aulast=Nacci&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uranium contamination in the Great Miami Aquifer at the Fernald Environmental Management Project, Fernald, Ohio AN - 13633404; 199702586 AB - Samples were obtained from 39 calibration wells at a former U.S. Department of Energy nuclear weapons complex to define the extent to which uranium concentrations had exceeded the U.S. EPA proposed drinking water standard of 20 ug uranium per litre. The wells were purged at optimal rates calculated from in situ microscopy of flowing colloids. In most cases, total uranium was measured by pulsed-laser phosphorimetry; isotopes were determined by alpha spectrometry. Contamination occurred in a buried valley and had migrated over 1.5 km from the south-southeast side of the complex's boundary. The highest concentration was around 100 ug uranium per litre. Maximal depth of the plume in the Great Miami aquifer appeared to be 32 m. The data were examined by the aqueous speciation model PHREEQE. Uranium(VI)carbonate complexes were the predominant species assuming thermodynamic equilibrium. Retardation of uranium decreased at depth. Disequilibria among the uranium-238 series nuclides was also examined. The uranium had been released into an oxidizing, low sorptive, environment favourable to leaching. Uranium leakage through the clayey till cap was less significant than the predominant transport pathway of infiltration through drainage channels incized into the aquifer. There are 31 references. JF - Ground Water AU - Sidle, W C AU - Lee, P Y AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 876 EP - 882 VL - 34 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - Alpha- (see also without prefix) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Reduction KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13633404?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Uranium+contamination+in+the+Great+Miami+Aquifer+at+the+Fernald+Environmental+Management+Project%2C+Fernald%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Sidle%2C+W+C%3BLee%2C+P+Y&rft.aulast=Sidle&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=876&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of nonplanar and coplanar PCB congener partitioning in seawater and bioaccumulation in blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) AN - 13632848; 199702492 AB - The partitioning of 18 non-planar and 3 co-planar PCB congeners was examined in New Bedford Harbour, Mass., U.S.A. Dissolved and particulate non-planar and co-planar PCB concentrations were measured to determine partition coefficients (Kp) under field conditions. Blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) were placed in the harbour for 7 or 28 d to determine bioconcentration factors (BCF) for the PCB congeners. The Kp values were compared with reported octanol/water partition coefficients (Kow). Co-planar and non-planar PCB congeners exhibited the same relationship between Kp and measured Kow. Co-planar congeners achieved steady state faster than non-planar PCB congeners in the same homologue group. After 28 d, both classes were being accumulated similarly, based on the comparable relationship between BCF and Kow. Quantification of selected non-planar PCB congeners in seawater and blue mussels might be adequate for routine marine monitoring. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Bergen, B J AU - Nelson, W G AU - Pruell, R J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1517 EP - 1523 VL - 15 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Congener KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13632848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+nonplanar+and+coplanar+PCB+congener+partitioning+in+seawater+and+bioaccumulation+in+blue+mussels+%28Mytilus+edulis%29&rft.au=Bergen%2C+B+J%3BNelson%2C+W+G%3BPruell%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Bergen&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1517&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mixing in distribution system storage tanks: its effects on water quality AN - 13632767; 199701570 AB - Due to the lack of knowledge concerning the effect of storage tanks and reservoirs of a water distribution system on the stored water quality, the residence period and the use of compartment models to describe mixing conditions in tanks was examined. Storage tanks and reservoirs might support complex chemical and biological changes that could cause water quality deterioration. Various tank mixing models are discussed, and include 1-, 2- and 3-compartment models for inflow/outflow and flow-through tank models. Data from various field studies at tank sites was used to validate the models, and the need for further research into the effect of operating conditions on mixing in tanks, the geometrical configuration and design of tanks, and the general application of the multi-compartment model parameters to other operating conditions, is stressed. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Clark, R M AU - Abdesaken, F AU - Boulos, P F AU - Mau, R E AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinatti, Ohio Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 814 EP - 821 VL - 122 IS - 9 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Stress KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13632767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Mixing+in+distribution+system+storage+tanks%3A+its+effects+on+water+quality&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BAbdesaken%2C+F%3BBoulos%2C+P+F%3BMau%2C+R+E&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=814&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - STORET - a good place for ground water data AN - 13632458; 199704759 AB - Modernization of the STORET, BIOS and ODES monitoring and information systems of the U.S. EPA Office of Water is reported. The new system, STORET X, was designed to include all elements identified in the U.S. EPA data requirements for ground water quality. The minimal set of data elements and sources of information required are discussed. The system includes 5 primary areas: organizations, projects and surveys, site location and description, water quality monitoring activities and result records. STORET X would be implemented in 1997 after regional testing. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Manning, L AU - King, R AU - Heisler, R AD - U.S. EPA Office of Wetlands, Oceans, and Watersheds, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 45 EP - 48 VL - 16 IS - 4 KW - Bios KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13632458?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=STORET+-+a+good+place+for+ground+water+data&rft.au=Manning%2C+L%3BKing%2C+R%3BHeisler%2C+R&rft.aulast=Manning&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental impact assessment of tailings dispersal from a uranium mine using toxicity testing protocols AN - 13631781; 199704752 AB - The toxicity of sediments and pore water from uranium mine tailings was determined using biological tests which concentrated on water column species. Hydra viridissima and Moinodaphnia macleayi were used to test aqueous samples and Velesunio angasi to examine tailings suspensions. The non-radiological toxicity of the tailings was low, and their ability to raise the pH of floodplain sediments from 4.8 rendered these more habitable to the organisms. The constituent most likely to cause toxicity was manganese. The greatest environmental risk from tailings release arose from physical impacts such as infilling of billabongs and changes in sedimentology of riparian ecosystems. There are 33 references. JF - Water Resources Bulletin AU - Rippon, G D AU - Riley, S J AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Canberra, A.C.T. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1167 EP - 1175 VL - 32 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1370, 0043-1370 KW - Sedimentologic KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13631781?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Environmental+impact+assessment+of+tailings+dispersal+from+a+uranium+mine+using+toxicity+testing+protocols&rft.au=Rippon%2C+G+D%3BRiley%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Rippon&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.issn=00431370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Models of the Chesapeake bay AN - 13630435; 199705587 AB - The Chesapeake bay Programme was a voluntary partnership between various authorities created in 1983 to restore the bay's deteriorating water quality. Using multi-media analysis, information from watershed, airshed and estuary models were integrated to form an understanding of the pollution problem and provide information on the progress toward nutrient reduction 'caps'. JF - Sea Technology AU - Linker, L AD - U.S. EPA Chesapeake Bay Program Office, Annapolis, Md. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 49 EP - 53,55 VL - 37 IS - 9 SN - 0093-3651, 0093-3651 KW - Analysis KW - Caps KW - Filter media (see also packing, groups below) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13630435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sea+Technology&rft.atitle=Models+of+the+Chesapeake+bay&rft.au=Linker%2C+L&rft.aulast=Linker&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Sea+Technology&rft.issn=00933651&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of low dissolved oxygen on aquatic life stages of the caddisfly Clistoronia magnifica (Limnephilidae) AN - 13628890; 199704977 AB - The effects of exposure to concentrations of 0.9-8.3 mg dissolved oxygen per litre for 4-88 d on embryos, larval stages (instars I-V), pupal stages and pharate adults of the caddisfly (Clistoronia magnifica) were investigated. The EC50 values ranged from 1.3 mg dissolved oxygen per litre for instar IV to 2 mg dissolved oxygen per litre for instars I. C. magnifica could tolerate low dissolved oxygen for short periods but concentrations below 5 mg dissolved oxygen per litre caused reduced egg hatch and moulting success and delays in larval development, time of moulting, pupation and adult emergence. Mortality and moulting data were used to calculate effect and no-effect thresholds of 1.6 and 2.4 mg per litre, respectively. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Onjukka, ST AU - Stevens, D G AU - Chapman, G A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 453 EP - 458 VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Clistoronia magnifica KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13628890?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+low+dissolved+oxygen+on+aquatic+life+stages+of+the+caddisfly+Clistoronia+magnifica+%28Limnephilidae%29&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BOnjukka%2C+ST%3BStevens%2C+D+G%3BChapman%2C+G+A&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional deposition of gases and particles in the lung: implications for mixtures. AN - 77824477; 8571369 AB - Considerations of the health effects of pollutant mixtures usually focus on the interactions of biochemically-induced events. For example, the effect of metabolic enzyme induction by one pollutant on the subsequent effect of another pollutant is often considered. Another important aspect of mixture interactions is the modulating effects exposure to one pollutant can have on the dosimetry of another pollutant and, indirectly, on the effects of the other pollutant. Dose-modulating effects may be particularly important when considering effects of inhaled mixtures on the lung. In this paper, the specific case of O3-induced changes on the human lung and the resulting effects on inhaled particle dose are considered as a specific example. Ozone has multiple effects on the lung ranging from alterations in pulmonary function to effects on lung defense mechanisms such as mucociliary transport of particles, and alveolar macrophage engulfment and translocation. To better understand how the O3-induced changes can affect particle dosimetry, the basic concepts of particle dosimetry are considered first. Then the specific O3-induced effects on the human lung are considered in the context of the factors governing inhaled particle dose. JF - Toxicology AU - Gerrity, T R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 327 EP - 334 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77824477?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Regional+deposition+of+gases+and+particles+in+the+lung%3A+implications+for+mixtures.&rft.au=Gerrity%2C+T+R&rft.aulast=Gerrity&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of toxic equivalency factors for risk assessment for dioxins and related compounds. AN - 77814703; 8571375 AB - TCDD is the most toxic member of a class of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons that are structurally related, have a similar mechanism of action, and cause the same spectrum of responses. Because of the need to assess the risk from complex mixtures of these chemicals, the international community has adopted an interim approach that assigns relative potency factors to this family of chemicals, based on a comparison with the potency of TCDD. Each chemical that fits the criteria for this class is assigned a toxic equivalency factor, TEF, which is some fraction of that of TCDD. The total toxic equivalency of a mixture, TEQ, is the sum of the weighted potency of each compound in the mixture. Although there may be some variability between different responses in the determination of a TEF value for a compound, endpoint-specific TEFs are usually very similar. There may also be some species differences in TEFs. Again, if pharmacokinetic factors are taken into account, they are usually relatively minor. TEFs based on intake values may also exhibit some differences when compared to those based on target tissue concentrations. Using scientific judgment and a broad data base, interim TEF values have been recommended for PCDDs, PCDFs, and dioxin-like PCBs. Using such values, the TEF approach has been successful at predicting the toxicity of real world mixtures. Ongoing studies from our laboratory have validated the approach for synthetic mixtures that approximate congener ratios found in food samples. Whether non-additive interactions occur with nondioxin-like compounds found in environmentally relevant concentrations remain to be determined. JF - Toxicology AU - Birnbaum, L S AU - DeVito, M J AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 391 EP - 401 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Dioxins KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Humans KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Risk Assessment KW - Dioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Benzofurans -- pharmacokinetics KW - Soil Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Dioxins -- toxicity KW - Benzofurans -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77814703?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+toxic+equivalency+factors+for+risk+assessment+for+dioxins+and+related+compounds.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S%3BDeVito%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanistic linkage between DNA adducts, mutations in oncogenes and tumorigenesis of carcinogenic environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in strain A/J mice. AN - 77800517; 8571376 AB - Five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F), dibenz[a,h]anthracene (DBA), 5-methylchyrsene (5MC), and cyclopenta[cd]pyrene (CPP) were examined for their lung tumorigenic activities in strain A/J mice, their ability to form PAH-DNA adducts in lung tissues, and their ability to mutate the Ki-ras oncogene in PAH-induced tumors. PAHs dissolved in tricapyrlin were administered by single intraperitoneal injection to male strain A/J mice (20 mice/dose) at doses up to 200 mg/kg depending on the PAH. Animals were sacrificed 8 months later and the lungs removed, fixed, and surface adenomas enumerated. DBA produced maximal tumor multiplicity at the highest dose, 10 mg/kg, giving 32.2 lung adenomas per mouse. At 100 mg/kg, B[a]P, B[b]F, 5MC, and CPP gave 12.8, 5.3, 93.1, and 32.2 lung adenomas per mouse, respectively. The dose response data for each PAH was fit to y = 0.6 + bx1.6, where y is the observed mean lung adenomas per mouse at dose x (in mg/kg), 0.6 is the observed background of lung adenomas per mouse, and b is the fitted constant representing the potency of each PAH. Statistical analysis indicated that the fit of the data to the equation was extremely high with adjusted R2 values > 0.985 and small fit standard errors. Based on this equation, the relative potencies of B[b]F, DBA, 5MC, and CPP compared to B[a]P were PAH (relative activity): DBA (118); 5MC (8.8); CPP (2.9); B[a]P (1.0); B[b]F (0.43). DNA adducts were measured by 32P-postlabeling techniques on DNA from lungs of mice treated with these PAHs. Adducts identified by cochromatography with standards were: from B[a]P, 7R,8S,9S-trihydroxy-10R-(N2-2'-deoxyguanosyl)-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro- B[a]P, and two adducts resulting from the metabolic activation of 9-hydroxy-B[a]P and trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydro-B[a]P; from B[b]F, 5-hydroxy-B[b]F-9,10-diol-11,12-oxide-2'-deoxyguanosine; from DBA, three adducts from the metabolic activation of trans,trans-3,4,10,11-tetrahydroxy-3,4,10,11-tetrahydro-DBA and two anti-DBA-3,4-diol-1,2-oxide-N2-[2'-deoxyguanosine] adducts; from 5MC, 1R,2S,3S-trihydroxy-4-(N2-2'-deoxyguanosyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro- 5MC; from CPP, four CPP-3,4-oxide-2'-deoxyguanosine adducts. Ki-ras codon 12 mutation analysis of PAH-induced tumors was performed using PCR and dideoxy sequencing methods. Mutations from lung tumors from tricaprylin-treated mice were GGT-->GAT, GGT-->CGT, and GGT-->GTT. DBA produced no mutations in Ki-ras codon 12 above spontaneous levels. High proportions (> or = 50%) of GGT-->TGT mutations from B[a]P, B[b]F and 5MC induced tumors and GGT-->CGT mutations from CPP tumors were observed and were statistically significant compared to mutations in tricaprylin control tumors. We conclude from the DNA adduct and Ki-ras mutation studies that bay region diol-epoxide-2'-deoxyguanosine PAH-DNA adducts are associated with the GGT-->TGT mutations, and cyclopenta-ring oxide-2'-deoxyguanosine adducts associated with the GGT-->CGT mutations. JF - Toxicology AU - Nesnow, S AU - Ross, J A AU - Stoner, G D AU - Mass, M J AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch (MD-68), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 403 EP - 413 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutation -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Mice, Inbred A KW - Base Sequence KW - Biotransformation KW - Adenoma -- chemically induced KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Adenoma -- genetics KW - Adenoma -- pathology KW - Male KW - Lung Neoplasms -- pathology KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - DNA Adducts -- biosynthesis KW - Genes, ras -- genetics KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- pharmacokinetics KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77800517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Mechanistic+linkage+between+DNA+adducts%2C+mutations+in+oncogenes+and+tumorigenesis+of+carcinogenic+environmental+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+strain+A%2FJ+mice.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J+A%3BStoner%2C+G+D%3BMass%2C+M+J&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=403&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical mixtures: challenge for toxicology and risk assessment. AN - 77800479; 8571350 AB - It is now well-recognized that human environmental exposures are not to single chemicals. Rather, humans are exposed, either concurrently or sequentially, to multiple chemicals. Challenges that chemical mixtures pose for risk assessment and toxicology are presented. Challenge areas include increasing the peer-reviewed publication of human studies, improving access to peer-reviewed data and examining multiple target organs. Two difficult challenges are development of a common, consistent language and the use of appropriate and innovative experimental designs and analyses. The challenge of elucidation of mechanism(s) offers a rational basis for extrapolation across dose levels, exposure durations and exposure routes as well as to other species and to other similar chemicals. Of particular importance is focusing effort on those areas of investigation where answers have the greatest potential for reducing uncertainty in risk assessments for chemical mixtures and on those chemical mixtures and multiple chemical exposures that have the greatest potential impact on human health. A particularly fruitful area for future investigation is determination of the likelihood of nonadditive interactions in humans exposed to multiple chemicals at environmental exposure levels. JF - Toxicology AU - Simmons, J E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 111 EP - 119 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Xenobiotics KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Peer Review, Research KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Drug Interactions KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Research Design KW - Male KW - Risk Assessment KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Xenobiotics -- adverse effects KW - Xenobiotics -- toxicity KW - Toxicology KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77800479?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Chemical+mixtures%3A+challenge+for+toxicology+and+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current and future risk assessment guidelines, policy, and methods development for chemical mixtures. AN - 77800305; 8571352 AB - Humans are typically exposed to low doses of combinations of chemicals rather than to one or two chemicals at a time, yet most of the available toxicity data provide information on single chemicals or binary pairs, rather than on whole mixtures. The use of existing interactions study data for the quantitative risk assessment of chemical mixtures is problematic. These studies generally lack the necessary statistical characterizations to be useful in quantitative risk assessment procedures. The U.S. EPA developed guidelines for risk assessment for chemical mixtures in 1986 and is currently in the process of making revisions. Significant advances have been made in both the theoretical development and application of procedures such as dose addition, response addition, toxicity equivalence factors, comparative potency and interactions data characterizations. Details on the current revisions to the guidelines are given, along with information on the research efforts that have influenced these revisions or that represent future directions in chemical mixtures risk assessment. JF - Toxicology AU - Teuschler, L K AU - Hertzberg, R C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 137 EP - 144 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - Xenobiotics KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Drug Interactions KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Hazardous Waste -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Statistics as Topic KW - Research Design KW - Hazardous Substances -- adverse effects KW - Xenobiotics -- adverse effects KW - Public Policy KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77800305?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Current+and+future+risk+assessment+guidelines%2C+policy%2C+and+methods+development+for+chemical+mixtures.&rft.au=Teuschler%2C+L+K%3BHertzberg%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Teuschler&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Review of the interaction between TCDD and glucocorticoids in embryonic palate. AN - 77800280; 8571373 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental contaminant that produces adverse biological effects including developmental toxicity and teratogenesis. In the mouse embryo, TCDD induces cleft palate and hydronephrosis. The synthetic glucocorticoid, hydrocortisone (HC), induces cleft palate and a potent, synergistic interaction has been observed between TCDD and HC in C57BL/6N embryonic mice. The morphology and etiology of TCDD- and HC-induced clefts are distinctly different with formation of small palatal shelves following HC exposure and failure of normally-sized shelves to fuse after TCDD treatment. Each exposure also alters expression of several growth factors. When EGF, TGF alpha, EGF receptor, and the TGF beta's are considered as a combinatorial, interacting set of regulators, TCDD and HC each produce a unique pattern of increased and/or decreased expression across the set. The interaction of HC and TCDD results in a cleft palate whose etiology most closely resembles that observed after HC exposure, i.e. small palatal shelves. HC+TCDD-exposure also produces a pattern of growth factor expression which closely resembles that seen after HC. Both TCDD and HC act through receptor-mediated mechanisms and each compound has its own receptor. The Ah receptor (AhR) binds TCDD and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binds HC. On gestation day (GD) 14, in the embryonic palate exposed to TCDD, the AhR was downregulated and the GR expression increased. Conversely, following HC exposure, the GR was downregulated and AhR levels were elevated. HC+TCDD produced increased expression of both receptors and this pattern would be predicted to produce HC-like clefts as the GR-mediated responses would result in small palatal shelves. The observed cross-regulation of the receptors is believed to be important in the synergistic interaction between TCDD and HC for the induction of cleft palate. JF - Toxicology AU - Abbott, B D AD - Developmental Toxicology Division (MD-67), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/28/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 28 SP - 365 EP - 373 VL - 105 IS - 2-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Glucocorticoids KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - Epidermal Growth Factor KW - 62229-50-9 KW - Transforming Growth Factors KW - 76057-06-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- biosynthesis KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Drug Synergism KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- metabolism KW - Transforming Growth Factors -- biosynthesis KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Cleft Palate -- chemically induced KW - Palate -- drug effects KW - Glucocorticoids -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Palate -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77800280?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Review+of+the+interaction+between+TCDD+and+glucocorticoids+in+embryonic+palate.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-12-28&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=365&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotransfer and bioaccumulation of dioxins and furans from soil: chickens as a model for foraging animals. AN - 77786514; 8578308 AB - Chickens were used as a model for foraging animals to examine the bioavailability of all 2,3,7,8-substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDFs) from soil. Three groups of chickens were exposed through their diet to soil contaminated with PCDD/PCDFs at less than 0.5 pg/g I-TEQ (control group), 42 pg/g I-TEQ (low exposure group), and 460 pg/g I-TEQs (high exposure group). Eggs, tissues, feces and feed were analysed throughout the exposure and depuration period. Daily intake was estimated at 2.5 ng/kg-day for the high and 0.3 ng/kg-day for the low exposure groups. Bioavailability was chlorination-dependent ranging from 80% for tetrachlorinated to less than 10% for octachlorinated congeners. During exposure, tissue distribution was congener-dependent with 5-30% of the intake excreted in the eggs, 7-54% deposited in the adipose and less than 1% present in the liver. On a fat weight basis, the highest concentrations were observed in the liver, implying that mechanisms other than lipid solubility operate in that tissue. Bioconcentration factors and elimination half-lives were also congener- and tissue-dependent. Results from this study indicate that animals foraging on soil contaminated at low ppt PCDD/PCDF levels may bioaccumulate these compounds to unacceptable levels. JF - The Science of the total environment AU - Stephens, R D AU - Petreas, M X AU - Hayward, D G AD - Department of Toxic Substances Control, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995/12/15/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Dec 15 SP - 253 EP - 273 VL - 175 IS - 3 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chickens KW - Solubility KW - Biotransformation KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Lipid Metabolism KW - Eggs KW - Biological Availability KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Benzofurans -- pharmacokinetics KW - Soil Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77786514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.atitle=Biotransfer+and+bioaccumulation+of+dioxins+and+furans+from+soil%3A+chickens+as+a+model+for+foraging+animals.&rft.au=Stephens%2C+R+D%3BPetreas%2C+M+X%3BHayward%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Stephens&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-12-15&rft.volume=175&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+total+environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-12 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overt orienting in the rat: parametric studies of cued detection of visual targets. AN - 77876801; 8748960 AB - Covert shifts of visual attention in space have been quantified by measuring the effects of visual cues on the detection of visual targets in humans and monkeys maintaining visual fixation. These observations of "covert orienting" have provided important information regarding the neurobiology of visual attention in primates. This article describes a cued spatial target detection task for physically unrestrained rats. Valid cues (spatially contiguous with the target) enhanced target detection, and invalid cues (spatially discontiguous with the target) degraded target detection. Both visual and auditory cues were effective. These validity effects could not be explained by stimulus additivity or response preparation mechanisms, whereas a cue-independent "alerting effect" appeared to reflect response preparation. The effects compare favorably with primate work and suggest that this method may enable assessment of visual attention shifts in rats. JF - Behavioral neuroscience AU - Bushnell, P J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. bushnell@herl145.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1095 EP - 1105 VL - 109 IS - 6 SN - 0735-7044, 0735-7044 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Motivation KW - Association Learning KW - Cues KW - Mental Recall KW - Male KW - Auditory Perception KW - Orientation KW - Arousal KW - Appetitive Behavior KW - Attention KW - Visual Perception UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77876801?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Behavioral+neuroscience&rft.atitle=Overt+orienting+in+the+rat%3A+parametric+studies+of+cued+detection+of+visual+targets.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1095&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Behavioral+neuroscience&rft.issn=07357044&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental effects of dioxins and related endocrine disrupting chemicals. AN - 77838186; 8597137 AB - Alteration of hormones has long been known to affect development. TCDD and related PHAHs modulate the levels of many hormonal systems. Dioxins cause a spectrum of morphological and functional developmental deficits. Fetotoxicity, thymic atrophy, and structural malformations are often noted. Delayed genitourinary tract effects have been observed, and recent studies reported behavioral effects. Highly exposed human offspring have exhibited developmental problems as well. Recently, hormonal and neurological abnormalities have been reported in infants from the general population. The complex alteration of multiple endocrine systems is likely associated with the spectrum of adverse developmental effects caused by dioxin and related compounds. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Experimental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 743 EP - 750 VL - 82-83 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Humans KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Endocrine Glands -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77838186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Developmental+effects+of+dioxins+and+related+endocrine+disrupting+chemicals.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=82-83&rft.issue=&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-04-15 N1 - Date created - 1996-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The application of benchmark dose methodology to data from prenatal developmental toxicity studies. AN - 77831927; 8597108 AB - The benchmark dose (BMD) concept was applied to 246 prenatal-developmental toxicity (DT) datasets from government, industry and commercial laboratories. Five modeling approaches were used, 2 generic and 3 specific to DT models. BMDs for both quantal and continuous data were compared with statistically derived no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) to determine similarities. Quantal (Q) endpoints included litter responses (e.g., one or more dead or malformed implants), and QBMDs were calculated using a Q Weibull (QW) model. Two types of continuous (C) data were modeled, the proportion of implants affected per litter, and the change in fetal weight (both mean and distribution); continuous power (CP) and DT models were used to calculate CBMDs. QBMDs for a 5% change in response (QBMD05) were 6-fold lower, on average, than the corresponding NOAEL. CBMD05s on average were similar to the corresponding NOAELs, and CBMD05s from different models were similar to each other. Including litter size but not threshold improved the fit of the DT models. For fetal weight data, specific cutoff values were used to calculate BMDs that were similar on average to the corresponding NOAELs: (1) changes from the control mean (5% of the mean, 25th percentile of the control distribution, or a decrease of 0.5 standard deviation), and (2) a 5 or 10% decrease in the proportion of fetuses below the 5th or 10th percentile, respectively, of the control distribution. These results support the use of BMDs as providing a more consistent basis for risk assessment than do NOAELs. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Kimmel, C A AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Allen, B C AU - Faustman, E M AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment (8602), US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 549 EP - 554 VL - 82-83 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Pregnancy KW - Fetus -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77831927?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=The+application+of+benchmark+dose+methodology+to+data+from+prenatal+developmental+toxicity+studies.&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+C+A%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BAllen%2C+B+C%3BFaustman%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=82-83&rft.issue=&rft.spage=549&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-04-15 N1 - Date created - 1996-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human exposure and dosimetry of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine from Xuan Wei, China with high lung cancer mortality associated with exposure to unvented coal smoke. AN - 77794442; 8603481 AB - The lung cancer mortality rate in Xuan Wei (XW) county, China, is 5-fold the national average of China; the rate for women is the highest in China. Xuan Wei residents have been exposed to unvented coal or wood smoke during cooking or heating in homes. This study investigated indoor air exposure and dosimetry of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in XW residents using smoky coal. Indoor air particles collected during cooking in four XW homes using smoky coal were analyzed for PAHs by GC/MS. Urine samples from 16 XW non-smoking women and six XW smoking men, eight Kunming non-smoking controls and four non-smoking Chinese American controls were analyzed for PAHs and hydroxy-PAHs by GC/MS. The results showed that XW residents were exposed to PAHs at occupational levels. The potent carcinogen, dibenzo[a,l] pyrene (4.9 +/- 1.3 micrograms/m3) was found in the indoor air of the XW homes. The levels of urinary hydroxy-PAH were higher than those of the parent compounds in most subjects, indicating that most PAHs were metabolized. In urine, the mean levels of 9-hydroxy BaP (BaP) and BaP are 1.5 +/- 0.5 mumol/mol creatinine and 0.5 +/- 0.3 microns/mol for XW men, 1.9 +/- 0.9 microns/mol and 0.5 +/- 0.3 microns/mol for XW women. In general, the levels of PAH metabolites in urine were higher in the XW residents than in Kunming and Chinese American controls; however only the concentrations of 9-hydroxy BaP in XW women showed statistically significant difference from the Kunming controls (P < 0.05 by ranking test). The mean levels of 3 methylated-PAHs analyzed were 4.8-fold higher than that of the parent PAHs in XW subjects. This is consistent with previous findings that alkylated PAHs are the major mutagens in the XW indoor air and may be etiologically important in XW lung cancer. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Mumford, J L AU - Li, X AU - Hu, F AU - Lu, X B AU - Chuang, J C AD - US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 3031 EP - 3036 VL - 16 IS - 12 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Coal KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Smoke KW - Cotinine KW - K5161X06LL KW - Index Medicus KW - Cotinine -- urine KW - Air Pollution, Indoor KW - Humans KW - China -- epidemiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- urine KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Lung Neoplasms -- mortality KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- urine UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77794442?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Human+exposure+and+dosimetry+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+urine+from+Xuan+Wei%2C+China+with+high+lung+cancer+mortality+associated+with+exposure+to+unvented+coal+smoke.&rft.au=Mumford%2C+J+L%3BLi%2C+X%3BHu%2C+F%3BLu%2C+X+B%3BChuang%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Mumford&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3031&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neuropeptide modulation of chemically induced skin irritation. AN - 77775234; 8545836 AB - This study addresses the hypothesis that the early symptoms of chemically induced skin irritation are neurally mediated. Several approaches were used to affect nerve transmission in adult Balb/c female mice. These included general anesthesia (i.e., sodium pentobarbital), systemic capsaicin treatment, and pretreatment with specific pharmacological antagonists of the neuropeptides substance P (SP) and neurokinin A (NKA). After these treatments, a strongly irritating dose of dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB) was applied to the ear and its swelling was measured over several postexposure times as an index of tissue irritation. Ear swelling in Nembutal (30 mg/kg)-anesthetized mice was depressed 62 and 76% at 4 and 24 hr postexposure compared to DNFB-treated unanesthetized animals measured at the same time points. Multiple injections of capsaicin (cumulative dose 30 mg/kg) depressed DNFB-ear swelling relative to non-capsaicin, DNFB-treated controls by 15, 40 (ip), and 44 and 43% (sc) at 4 and 24 hr postexposure, respectively. In mice exposed to acute or multiple injections of the SP antagonist CP-96,345 before DNFB application, ear swelling was depressed (relative to DNFB-treated animals) by 64 and 36% (acute, sc, 10 mg/kg) and 91 and 88% (multiple, ip, cumulative 35 mg/kg) at 0.5 and 1 hr postexposure, respectively. Mice exposed to the NKA antagonist, SR 48968, alone and in combination with the SP antagonist CP-96,345 were also examined after DNFB application. Ear swelling was diminished in mice pretreated with the NKA antagonist (1.0 mg/kg) by 17, 24, 34, and 40% at 0.5, 1, 4, and 24 hr postexposure. When used in combination with the SP antagonist, DNFB-induced ear swelling was reduced by 95% compared to unantagonized, DNFB-exposed mice at the 0.5- and 1-hr time points and remained significantly depressed by 33 and 46% at 4 and 24 hr postexposure. Taken in concert, these data suggest that neuropeptides, especially the tachykinins SP and NKA, modulate the early stages of chemically induced skin irritation. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Veronesi, B AU - Sailstad, D M AU - Doerfler, D L AU - Selgrade, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 258 EP - 267 VL - 135 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Benzamides KW - 0 KW - Biphenyl Compounds KW - Irritants KW - Neuropeptides KW - Piperidines KW - Substance P KW - 33507-63-0 KW - SR 48968 KW - 720U2QK8I5 KW - Neurokinin A KW - 86933-74-6 KW - Dinitrofluorobenzene KW - D241E059U6 KW - Capsaicin KW - S07O44R1ZM KW - CP 96345 KW - W22ILA2I52 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Administration, Cutaneous KW - Dinitrofluorobenzene -- toxicity KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Synaptic Transmission -- drug effects KW - Skin -- pathology KW - Substance P -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Biphenyl Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Dinitrofluorobenzene -- administration & dosage KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Mice KW - Synaptic Transmission -- physiology KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Capsaicin -- pharmacology KW - Piperidines -- pharmacology KW - Benzamides -- pharmacology KW - Neurokinin A -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Irritants -- toxicity KW - Ear, External KW - Female KW - Neuropeptides -- physiology KW - Dermatitis, Contact -- pathology KW - Dermatitis, Contact -- etiology KW - Neuropeptides -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77775234?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Neuropeptide+modulation+of+chemically+induced+skin+irritation.&rft.au=Veronesi%2C+B%3BSailstad%2C+D+M%3BDoerfler%2C+D+L%3BSelgrade%2C+M&rft.aulast=Veronesi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-09 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synergistic interaction of glycoalkaloids alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine on developmental toxicity in Xenopus embryos. AN - 77769468; 8846996 AB - The embryo toxicities of two major potato glycoalkaloids, alpha-chaconine and alpha-solanine, were examined individually and in mixtures using the frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Xenopus. Calculations of toxic units (TUs) were used to assess possible antagonism, synergism or response addition of several mixtures ranging from approximately 3:1 to 1:20 TUs of alpha-chaconine to alpha-solanine. Some combinations exhibited strong synergism in the following measures of developmental toxicity: (a) 96-hr LC50, defined as the median concentration causing 50% embryo lethality; (b) 96-hr EC50 (malformation), defined as the concentration causing 50% malformation of the surviving embryos; and (c) teratogenic index which is equal to LC50/EC50 (malformation). The results indicated that each of the mixtures caused synergistic mortality or malformation. Furthermore, these studies suggested that the synergism observed for a specific mixture cannot be used to predict possible synergism of other mixtures with different ratios of the two glycoalkaloids; toxicities observed for individual glycoalkaloids may not be able to predict toxicities of mixtures; and specific combinations found in different potato varieties need to be tested to assess the safety of a particular cultivar. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Rayburn, J R AU - Friedman, M AU - Bantle, J A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1013 EP - 1019 VL - 33 IS - 12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Solanine KW - 20562-02-1 KW - alpha-chaconine KW - 20562-03-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Embryonic Development KW - Animals KW - Xenopus -- embryology KW - Survival Rate KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Drug Synergism KW - Solanine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Solanine -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77769468?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Synergistic+interaction+of+glycoalkaloids+alpha-chaconine+and+alpha-solanine+on+developmental+toxicity+in+Xenopus+embryos.&rft.au=Rayburn%2C+J+R%3BFriedman%2C+M%3BBantle%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Rayburn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protective effects of glucose-6-phosphate and NADP against alpha-chaconine-induced developmental toxicity in Xenopus embryos. AN - 77766499; 8846997 AB - In previous studies a metabolic activation system (MAS) composed of Aroclor 1254-induced rat liver microsomes led to an apparent reduction of potato glycoalkaloid developmental toxicity in the frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Xenopus (FETAX). The reasons for this reduction were investigated in this study. The effect of the exogenous MAS on glycoalkaloid developmental toxicity was examined in two experiments in which a concentration series of alpha-chaconine was tested with a MAS with and without a reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADPH) generator system consisting of NADPH, oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADP), glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. The NADPH generator system and each of its individual components were tested at a single high concentration of alpha-chaconine to evaluate their potential effects on toxicity. The findings indicated that the protective effect of the MAS was not the result of detoxification by microsomal enzyme systems, but was caused by two components of the NADPH generator system, namely NADP and G6P. G6P was more protective of alpha-chaconine-induced toxicity than NADP at the concentrations tested. Thus, FETAX with a MAS must be performed with appropriate controls that take into account the possible interactions with individual components of the system. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Rayburn, J R AU - Bantle, J A AU - Qualls, C W AU - Friedman, M AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1021 EP - 1025 VL - 33 IS - 12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Glucosephosphates KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Solanine KW - 20562-02-1 KW - alpha-chaconine KW - 20562-03-2 KW - NADP KW - 53-59-8 KW - Glucose-6-Phosphate KW - 56-73-5 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Embryonic Development KW - Animals KW - Xenopus -- embryology KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Biotransformation KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Male KW - Glucosephosphates -- pharmacology KW - Solanine -- analogs & derivatives KW - NADP -- metabolism KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Solanine -- metabolism KW - Solanine -- toxicity KW - NADP -- pharmacology KW - Glucosephosphates -- metabolism KW - Embryo, Nonmammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77766499?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Protective+effects+of+glucose-6-phosphate+and+NADP+against+alpha-chaconine-induced+developmental+toxicity+in+Xenopus+embryos.&rft.au=Rayburn%2C+J+R%3BBantle%2C+J+A%3BQualls%2C+C+W%3BFriedman%2C+M&rft.aulast=Rayburn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1021&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy AN - 52847281; 1996-038245 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Grennfelt, Peringe AU - Rodhe, Henning AU - Thornelof, Eva AU - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 295 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 1 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - symposia KW - pollution KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - rain KW - pH KW - acid rain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52847281?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=5th+international+conference+on+Acidic+deposition%3B+science+and+policy&rft.au=Grennfelt%2C+Peringe%3BRodhe%2C+Henning%3BThornelof%2C+Eva%3BWisniewski%2C+Joe&rft.aulast=Grennfelt&rft.aufirst=Peringe&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; atmospheric precipitation; pH; pollution; rain; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil changes induced by air pollutant deposition and their implication for forests in Central Europe AN - 52842893; 1996-038246 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Matzner, E AU - Murach, D AU - Grennfelt, Peringe AU - Rodhe, Henning AU - Thornelof, Eva AU - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 63 EP - 76 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 1 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - forests KW - sulfur dioxide KW - damage KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - nitrogen KW - drought KW - Czech Republic KW - Poland KW - Central Europe KW - acidic composition KW - air KW - Germany KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52842893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Soil+changes+induced+by+air+pollutant+deposition+and+their+implication+for+forests+in+Central+Europe&rft.au=Matzner%2C+E%3BMurach%2C+D%3BGrennfelt%2C+Peringe%3BRodhe%2C+Henning%3BThornelof%2C+Eva%3BWisniewski%2C+Joe&rft.aulast=Matzner&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 107 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; air; Central Europe; Czech Republic; damage; drought; Europe; forests; Germany; nitrogen; pH; Poland; pollution; soils; sulfur dioxide ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Towards a new method of setting a critical load of acidity for ombrotrophic peat AN - 52821011; 1996-055862 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Wilson, E J AU - Skeffington, R A AU - Maltby, E AU - Immirzi, P AU - Swanson, C AU - Proctor, M A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2491 EP - 2496 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - calcium KW - northwestern Scotland KW - magnesium KW - organic residues KW - Pennines KW - England KW - Europe KW - ecosystems KW - Great Britain KW - mineral composition KW - critical load KW - transport KW - denitrification KW - sediments KW - retention KW - calcium ion KW - leachate KW - acidic composition KW - ion exchange KW - depositional environment KW - chemical composition KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - bedrock KW - bedload KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - Western Europe KW - cation exchange capacity KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - weathering KW - United Kingdom KW - peat KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - southwestern England KW - acidification KW - leaching KW - magnesium ion KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52821011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Towards+a+new+method+of+setting+a+critical+load+of+acidity+for+ombrotrophic+peat&rft.au=Wilson%2C+E+J%3BSkeffington%2C+R+A%3BMaltby%2C+E%3BImmirzi%2C+P%3BSwanson%2C+C%3BProctor%2C+M&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2491&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; acidification; alkaline earth metals; bedload; bedrock; calcium; calcium ion; cation exchange capacity; chemical composition; critical load; denitrification; depositional environment; ecosystems; England; Europe; Great Britain; ion exchange; leachate; leaching; magnesium; magnesium ion; metals; mineral composition; northwestern Scotland; organic compounds; organic materials; organic residues; peat; Pennines; pollutants; pollution; retention; sediments; soils; southwestern England; sulfate ion; transport; United Kingdom; weathering; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating uncertainty in the current critical loads exceedance models AN - 52818230; 1996-055864 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Smith, R I AU - Hall, J R AU - Howard, D C A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2503 EP - 2508 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - bedload KW - monitoring KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mapping KW - Europe KW - chemical waste KW - United Kingdom KW - spatial distribution KW - spatial variations KW - detection KW - critical load KW - industrial waste KW - acidification KW - risk assessment KW - depositional environment KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52818230?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Estimating+uncertainty+in+the+current+critical+loads+exceedance+models&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+I%3BHall%2C+J+R%3BHoward%2C+D+C&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; bedload; chemical waste; critical load; depositional environment; detection; Europe; industrial waste; mapping; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; soils; spatial distribution; spatial variations; United Kingdom; waste disposal; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The calculation of base cation release from the chemical weathering of Scottish soils using the profile model AN - 52817803; 1996-055863 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Langan, Simon J AU - Sverdrup, Harald U AU - Coull, Malcolm A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2497 EP - 2502 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - chemical weathering KW - Western Europe KW - cation exchange capacity KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - Europe KW - weathering KW - United Kingdom KW - Great Britain KW - Scotland KW - mineral composition KW - PROFILE KW - critical load KW - areal studies KW - weathered materials KW - parent materials KW - acidification KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52817803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=The+calculation+of+base+cation+release+from+the+chemical+weathering+of+Scottish+soils+using+the+profile+model&rft.au=Langan%2C+Simon+J%3BSverdrup%2C+Harald+U%3BCoull%2C+Malcolm&rft.aulast=Langan&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2497&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; areal studies; cation exchange capacity; chemical weathering; critical load; Europe; Great Britain; mathematical models; mineral composition; parent materials; pollutants; pollution; PROFILE; Scotland; soils; United Kingdom; weathered materials; weathering; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy AN - 52817654; 1996-060861 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 297 EP - 1050 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - symposia KW - surface water KW - lakes KW - lacustrine environment KW - acidification KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - rain KW - acid rain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52817654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acid+rain+%2795%3F+5th+international+conference+on+Acidic+deposition%3B+science+and+policy&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; lacustrine environment; lakes; rain; soils; surface water; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects on soils and leaching after application of dolomite to an acidified forested catchment in the Lake Gardsjon watershed, South-west Sweden AN - 52817552; 1996-060876 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Hultberg, H AU - Nilsson, S I AU - Nystrom, U A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1033 EP - 1038 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - Lake Gardsjon Basin KW - buffers KW - southwestern Sweden KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - dolostone KW - remediation KW - liming KW - sedimentary rocks KW - aluminum KW - drainage basins KW - rain KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Western Europe KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - effects KW - acid rain KW - Scandinavia KW - metals KW - runoff KW - potassium KW - cations KW - acidification KW - seasonal variations KW - leaching KW - carbonate rocks KW - Sweden KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52817552?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Effects+on+soils+and+leaching+after+application+of+dolomite+to+an+acidified+forested+catchment+in+the+Lake+Gardsjon+watershed%2C+South-west+Sweden&rft.au=Hultberg%2C+H%3BNilsson%2C+S+I%3BNystrom%2C+U&rft.aulast=Hultberg&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1033&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; aluminum; atmospheric precipitation; buffers; calcium; carbonate rocks; cations; dolostone; drainage basins; effects; Europe; forests; hydrology; Lake Gardsjon Basin; leaching; liming; magnesium; metals; pollution; potassium; rain; remediation; runoff; Scandinavia; seasonal variations; sedimentary rocks; soils; southwestern Sweden; Sweden; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil sensitivity due to acid and heavy metal deposition in East Central Europe AN - 52817065; 1996-060868 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Rautengarten, A M AU - Schnoor, J L AU - Anderberg, S AU - Olendrzynski, K AU - Stigliani, W M A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 737 EP - 742 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - zinc KW - southern Poland KW - data processing KW - lead KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - TRACE 2 KW - southwestern Germany KW - Central Europe KW - drainage basins KW - cadmium KW - Oder Valley KW - Saxony Germany KW - rain KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - mines KW - Black Triangle KW - pollutants KW - Bohemia KW - northern Bohemia KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - acid rain KW - computer programs KW - Czech Republic KW - Silesia KW - Poland KW - metals KW - Elbe Basin KW - acidification KW - Germany KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52817065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Soil+sensitivity+due+to+acid+and+heavy+metal+deposition+in+East+Central+Europe&rft.au=Rautengarten%2C+A+M%3BSchnoor%2C+J+L%3BAnderberg%2C+S%3BOlendrzynski%2C+K%3BStigliani%2C+W+M&rft.aulast=Rautengarten&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=737&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; arsenic; atmospheric precipitation; Black Triangle; Bohemia; cadmium; Central Europe; computer programs; Czech Republic; data processing; drainage basins; Elbe Basin; Europe; Germany; heavy metals; lead; metals; mines; northern Bohemia; Oder Valley; Poland; pollutants; pollution; rain; Saxony Germany; Silesia; soils; southern Poland; southwestern Germany; TRACE 2; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aluminium speciation; effects of sample storage AN - 52817006; 1996-060871 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Andren, C Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 811 EP - 816 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Western Europe KW - buffers KW - surface water KW - Europe KW - effects KW - Delsbo Sweden KW - central Sweden KW - hydrochemistry KW - liming KW - Scandinavia KW - sample preparation KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - acidification KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - fractionation KW - Sweden KW - storage KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52817006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Aluminium+speciation%3B+effects+of+sample+storage&rft.au=Andren%2C+C&rft.aulast=Andren&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=811&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; aluminum; buffers; central Sweden; Delsbo Sweden; effects; Europe; fractionation; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; liming; metals; pH; sample preparation; Scandinavia; storage; surface water; Sweden; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The application of (super 210) Pb inventories in soil to measure long-term average wet deposition of pollutants in complex terrain AN - 52815647; 1996-055859 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Fowler, D AU - Mourne, R AU - Branford, D A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2113 EP - 2118 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - isotopes KW - lead KW - England KW - techniques KW - Europe KW - radon KW - Great Britain KW - spatial variations KW - radioactive isotopes KW - noble gases KW - Cumbria England KW - particulate materials KW - depositional environment KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - sulfate ion KW - Western Europe KW - gaseous phase KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - United Kingdom KW - Rn-222 KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - metals KW - Pb-210 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=The+application+of+%28super+210%29+Pb+inventories+in+soil+to+measure+long-term+average+wet+deposition+of+pollutants+in+complex+terrain&rft.au=Fowler%2C+D%3BMourne%2C+R%3BBranford%2C+D&rft.aulast=Fowler&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cumbria England; depositional environment; detection; England; Europe; gaseous phase; Great Britain; isotopes; lead; metals; noble gases; organic compounds; organic materials; particulate materials; Pb-210; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radon; Rn-222; soils; spatial variations; sulfate ion; techniques; United Kingdom; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of pollution and acidification on metal concentrations in Finnish Lapland lake sediments AN - 52815492; 1996-060872 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Dauvalter, V A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 853 EP - 858 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - organic materials KW - Western Europe KW - Finland KW - statistical analysis KW - lakes KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - effects KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Lapland Finland KW - Lapland KW - acid rain KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - lacustrine environment KW - acidification KW - rain KW - pH KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815492?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Influence+of+pollution+and+acidification+on+metal+concentrations+in+Finnish+Lapland+lake+sediments&rft.au=Dauvalter%2C+V&rft.aulast=Dauvalter&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=853&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; effects; Europe; Finland; lacustrine environment; lakes; Lapland; Lapland Finland; metals; organic compounds; organic materials; pH; pollution; rain; Scandinavia; statistical analysis; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidification of soils and radioactive hot particles behavior; a macrokinetic approach AN - 52815460; 1996-060870 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Dobrovolsky, E AU - Lyalko, V A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 767 EP - 772 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - alteration KW - experimental studies KW - diffusion KW - radioactivity KW - uranium oxides KW - Ukraine KW - stability KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - native elements KW - solution KW - solid phase KW - models KW - graphite KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Chernobyl nuclear accident KW - acidification KW - kinetics KW - fallout KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815460?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acidification+of+soils+and+radioactive+hot+particles+behavior%3B+a+macrokinetic+approach&rft.au=Dobrovolsky%2C+E%3BLyalko%2C+V&rft.aulast=Dobrovolsky&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=767&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; alteration; Chernobyl nuclear accident; Commonwealth of Independent States; diffusion; Europe; experimental studies; fallout; graphite; kinetics; models; native elements; pollution; prediction; radioactivity; soils; solid phase; solution; stability; Ukraine; uranium oxides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy AN - 52815430; 1996-055858 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1873 EP - 2730 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - critical flow KW - preventive measures KW - acid rain KW - models KW - transport KW - symposia KW - aerosols KW - acidification KW - risk assessment KW - air KW - depositional environment KW - rain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815430?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acid+rain+%2795%3F+5th+international+conference+on+Acidic+deposition%3B+science+and+policy&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1873&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; aerosols; air; atmosphere; atmospheric precipitation; critical flow; depositional environment; models; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; rain; risk assessment; soils; symposia; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A palaeolimnological assessment of the impact of acid deposition on surface waters in North-west Scotland, a region of high sea-salt inputs AN - 52815379; 1996-055860 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Allott, T E H AU - Golding, P N E AU - Harriman, R A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2425 EP - 2430 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - northwestern Scotland KW - Europe KW - algae KW - salt water KW - Great Britain KW - diatoms KW - paleolimnology KW - sediments KW - depositional environment KW - pH KW - bedload KW - concentration KW - Plantae KW - Western Europe KW - assemblages KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - United Kingdom KW - biota KW - Scotland KW - detection KW - lacustrine environment KW - acidification KW - microfossils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=A+palaeolimnological+assessment+of+the+impact+of+acid+deposition+on+surface+waters+in+North-west+Scotland%2C+a+region+of+high+sea-salt+inputs&rft.au=Allott%2C+T+E+H%3BGolding%2C+P+N+E%3BHarriman%2C+R&rft.aulast=Allott&rft.aufirst=T+E&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; algae; assemblages; bedload; biota; concentration; depositional environment; detection; diatoms; Europe; Great Britain; hydrochemistry; lacustrine environment; microfossils; northwestern Scotland; paleolimnology; pH; physicochemical properties; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; salt water; Scotland; sediments; surface water; United Kingdom; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidification of soils in five catchments in Norway AN - 52815314; 1996-060863 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Stuanes, A O AU - Abrahamsen, G AU - Rosberg, I A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 635 EP - 640 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - Vikedal Basin KW - Birkenes Basin KW - monitoring KW - Western Europe KW - statistical analysis KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - acid rain KW - Scandinavia KW - drainage basins KW - surveys KW - cations KW - acidification KW - Karvatn Basin KW - Norway KW - Langtjern Basin KW - rain KW - pH KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acidification+of+soils+in+five+catchments+in+Norway&rft.au=Stuanes%2C+A+O%3BAbrahamsen%2C+G%3BRosberg%2C+I&rft.aulast=Stuanes&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=635&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; Birkenes Basin; cations; changes; drainage basins; Europe; Karvatn Basin; Langtjern Basin; monitoring; Norway; pH; rain; Scandinavia; soils; statistical analysis; surveys; Vikedal Basin; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends of mercury and methylmercury in deposition, run-off water and sediments in relation to experimental manipulations and acidification AN - 52815170; 1996-060869 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Munthe, John AU - Hultberg, Hans AU - Lee, Ying-Hua AU - Parkman, Helena AU - Iverfeldt, Ake AU - Renberg, Ingemar Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 743 EP - 748 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - buffers KW - southwestern Sweden KW - lakes KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - remediation KW - Lake Gardsjon KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - Lake Harsevatten KW - mercury KW - hydrology KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - effects KW - adsorption KW - organo-metallics KW - Scandinavia KW - methylmercury KW - metals KW - runoff KW - lacustrine environment KW - acidification KW - Sweden KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52815170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Trends+of+mercury+and+methylmercury+in+deposition%2C+run-off+water+and+sediments+in+relation+to+experimental+manipulations+and+acidification&rft.au=Munthe%2C+John%3BHultberg%2C+Hans%3BLee%2C+Ying-Hua%3BParkman%2C+Helena%3BIverfeldt%2C+Ake%3BRenberg%2C+Ingemar&rft.aulast=Munthe&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; adsorption; atmospheric precipitation; buffers; changes; drainage basins; effects; Europe; experimental studies; hydrology; lacustrine environment; Lake Gardsjon; Lake Harsevatten; lakes; mercury; metals; methylmercury; organo-metallics; pollution; remediation; runoff; Scandinavia; sediments; southwestern Sweden; statistical analysis; surface water; Sweden; toxic materials; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critical loads for soils and waters in a selected Scottish catchment AN - 52814958; 1996-055861 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - MacPhee, K P AU - Langan, S J AU - Billet, M F A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2473 EP - 2478 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - bedload KW - monitoring KW - X-ray diffraction data KW - drainage KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - fresh-water environment KW - hydrochemistry KW - horizon differentiation KW - spatial variations KW - physical properties KW - catchment hydrodynamics KW - critical load KW - saturation KW - chromatograms KW - runoff KW - drainage basins KW - hydrodynamics KW - chemical composition KW - Bhealach Scotland KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814958?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Critical+loads+for+soils+and+waters+in+a+selected+Scottish+catchment&rft.au=MacPhee%2C+K+P%3BLangan%2C+S+J%3BBillet%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=MacPhee&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2473&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedload; Bhealach Scotland; catchment hydrodynamics; chemical composition; chromatograms; critical load; drainage; drainage basins; fresh-water environment; horizon differentiation; hydrochemistry; hydrodynamics; hydrology; mathematical models; monitoring; physical properties; pollution; runoff; saturation; soils; spatial variations; watersheds; X-ray diffraction data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measured and modelled retention of inorganic sulfur in soils and subsoils (Harz Mountains, Germany) AN - 52814889; 1996-060865 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Lukewille, Anke AU - Malessa, Volker AU - Alewell, Christine A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 683 EP - 688 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - sorption KW - Soesemulde KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - Central Europe KW - retention KW - drainage basins KW - rain KW - soils KW - forests KW - sulfates KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - Lange Bramke Basin KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - acid rain KW - models KW - alunite KW - hydroxosulfate KW - sulfur KW - acidification KW - streams KW - reconstruction KW - jurbanite KW - Germany KW - Harz Mountains KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Measured+and+modelled+retention+of+inorganic+sulfur+in+soils+and+subsoils+%28Harz+Mountains%2C+Germany%29&rft.au=Lukewille%2C+Anke%3BMalessa%2C+Volker%3BAlewell%2C+Christine&rft.aulast=Lukewille&rft.aufirst=Anke&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=683&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; adsorption; alunite; atmospheric precipitation; Central Europe; drainage basins; Europe; forests; Germany; Harz Mountains; hydroxosulfate; jurbanite; Lange Bramke Basin; models; pollution; prediction; rain; reconstruction; retention; simulation; Soesemulde; soils; solubility; sorption; streams; sulfates; sulfur ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Liming of wetlands in the Roynelandsvatn catchment; effects on soil chemistry and neutralisation properties in the soil profile AN - 52814665; 1996-060874 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Kvaerner, Jens AU - Kraft, Per A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 986 EP - 990 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - calcium KW - Roynelandsvatn Basin KW - organic residues KW - buffers KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - ions KW - remediation KW - liming KW - aluminum KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - chemical properties KW - rain KW - pH KW - soils KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Western Europe KW - cation exchange capacity KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - effects KW - Southern Norway KW - acid rain KW - peat KW - Scandinavia KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - hydrogen KW - cations KW - acidification KW - Norway KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814665?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Liming+of+wetlands+in+the+Roynelandsvatn+catchment%3B+effects+on+soil+chemistry+and+neutralisation+properties+in+the+soil+profile&rft.au=Kvaerner%2C+Jens%3BKraft%2C+Per&rft.aulast=Kvaerner&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=986&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; alkaline earth metals; aluminum; atmospheric precipitation; buffers; calcium; cation exchange capacity; cations; chemical properties; drainage basins; effects; Europe; hydrogen; ions; liming; metals; Norway; organic residues; peat; pH; pollution; rain; remediation; Roynelandsvatn Basin; Scandinavia; sediments; soils; Southern Norway; statistical analysis; Western Europe; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geochemical fluxes in forested acidified catchments AN - 52814631; 1996-060873 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Matschullat, Joerg AU - Kritzer, Peter AU - Maenhaut, Willy A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 859 EP - 864 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - forests KW - Erzgebirge KW - zinc KW - stream transport KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - lead KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - solubility KW - acid rain KW - deposition KW - metals KW - Central Europe KW - drainage basins KW - aerosols KW - acidification KW - trace metals KW - trace elements KW - Germany KW - rain KW - changes KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Geochemical+fluxes+in+forested+acidified+catchments&rft.au=Matschullat%2C+Joerg%3BKritzer%2C+Peter%3BMaenhaut%2C+Willy&rft.aulast=Matschullat&rft.aufirst=Joerg&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=859&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; aerosols; atmospheric precipitation; Central Europe; changes; deposition; drainage basins; Erzgebirge; Europe; forests; Germany; lead; metals; pollution; rain; solubility; statistical analysis; stream transport; surface water; trace elements; trace metals; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling geochemistry and lake pH since glaciation at Lake Gardsjon AN - 52814595; 1996-060866 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Warfvinge, P AU - Sverdrup, H AU - Alveteg, M AU - Rietz, F A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 713 EP - 718 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Lake Gardsjon Basin KW - southwestern Sweden KW - lakes KW - Europe KW - simulation KW - Holocene KW - Cenozoic KW - Lake Gardsjon KW - mineral composition KW - drainage basins KW - pH KW - soils KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - chemical weathering KW - Western Europe KW - Quaternary KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - rates KW - weathering KW - models KW - Scandinavia KW - runoff KW - cations KW - acidification KW - reconstruction KW - Sweden KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814595?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Modelling+geochemistry+and+lake+pH+since+glaciation+at+Lake+Gardsjon&rft.au=Warfvinge%2C+P%3BSverdrup%2C+H%3BAlveteg%2C+M%3BRietz%2C+F&rft.aulast=Warfvinge&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; cations; Cenozoic; chemical weathering; drainage basins; Europe; Holocene; hydrology; Lake Gardsjon; Lake Gardsjon Basin; lakes; mineral composition; models; pH; processes; Quaternary; rates; reconstruction; runoff; Scandinavia; simulation; soils; southwestern Sweden; statistical analysis; surface water; Sweden; weathering; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil chemistry change in a lowland English deciduous woodland 1974-1991 AN - 52814557; 1996-060864 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Farmer, Andrew M A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 677 EP - 682 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - forests KW - Western Europe KW - statistical analysis KW - England KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - United Kingdom KW - t-test analysis KW - Great Britain KW - nitrogen KW - acid rain KW - Wytham Wood KW - Oxfordshire England KW - acidification KW - geochemistry KW - rain KW - pH KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814557?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Soil+chemistry+change+in+a+lowland+English+deciduous+woodland+1974-1991&rft.au=Farmer%2C+Andrew+M&rft.aulast=Farmer&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=677&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; changes; England; Europe; forests; geochemistry; Great Britain; nitrogen; Oxfordshire England; pH; rain; soils; statistical analysis; t-test analysis; United Kingdom; Western Europe; Wytham Wood ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Counteractions against acidification in forests ecosystems; effects on stream water quality after dolomite application to forest soil in Gjerstad, Norway AN - 52814465; 1996-060875 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Hindar, A AU - Nilsen, P AU - Skiple, A AU - Hogberget, R A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 1027 EP - 1032 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - forests KW - water quality KW - experimental studies KW - Western Europe KW - buffers KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - effects KW - dolostone KW - hydrochemistry KW - Southern Norway KW - remediation KW - liming KW - Scandinavia KW - sedimentary rocks KW - drainage basins KW - acidification KW - streams KW - Norway KW - Gjerstad Norway KW - carbonate rocks KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Counteractions+against+acidification+in+forests+ecosystems%3B+effects+on+stream+water+quality+after+dolomite+application+to+forest+soil+in+Gjerstad%2C+Norway&rft.au=Hindar%2C+A%3BNilsen%2C+P%3BSkiple%2C+A%3BHogberget%2C+R&rft.aulast=Hindar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1027&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; buffers; carbonate rocks; dolostone; drainage basins; effects; Europe; experimental studies; forests; geochemistry; Gjerstad Norway; hydrochemistry; liming; Norway; pH; pollution; remediation; Scandinavia; sedimentary rocks; Southern Norway; streams; water quality; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling long-term acidification trends of forested sandstone catchments in the Black Forest (SW Germany) AN - 52814427; 1996-060867 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Hinderer, M AU - Einsele, G A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 719 EP - 724 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - fractured materials KW - Seebach Basin KW - data processing KW - Baden-Wurttemberg Germany KW - sandstone KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - layered materials KW - ground water KW - Lower Triassic KW - controls KW - sedimentary rocks KW - Bunter KW - Triassic KW - Central Europe KW - drainage basins KW - data bases KW - MAGIC KW - rain KW - forests KW - bedrock KW - Black Forest KW - pollution KW - Mesozoic KW - aquifers KW - acid rain KW - models KW - computer programs KW - acidification KW - Germany KW - clastic rocks KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Modelling+long-term+acidification+trends+of+forested+sandstone+catchments+in+the+Black+Forest+%28SW+Germany%29&rft.au=Hinderer%2C+M%3BEinsele%2C+G&rft.aulast=Hinderer&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=719&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sect. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; aquifers; atmospheric precipitation; Baden-Wurttemberg Germany; bedrock; Black Forest; Bunter; Central Europe; clastic rocks; computer programs; controls; data bases; data processing; drainage basins; Europe; forests; fractured materials; Germany; ground water; layered materials; Lower Triassic; MAGIC; Mesozoic; models; pollution; rain; sandstone; sedimentary rocks; Seebach Basin; simulation; Triassic ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acidification in Norway; status and trends; surface and ground water AN - 52814383; 1996-060862 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Skjelkvale, B L AU - Henriksen, A A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 629 EP - 634 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - water quality KW - sulfuric acid KW - monitoring KW - Western Europe KW - sulfates KW - surface water KW - lakes KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - ground water KW - acid rain KW - progress report KW - Scandinavia KW - report KW - drainage basins KW - acidification KW - Norway KW - nitrate ion KW - inorganic acids KW - fluvial environment KW - rain KW - arrays KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acidification+in+Norway%3B+status+and+trends%3B+surface+and+ground+water&rft.au=Skjelkvale%2C+B+L%3BHenriksen%2C+A&rft.aulast=Skjelkvale&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=629&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; arrays; atmospheric precipitation; changes; drainage basins; Europe; fluvial environment; ground water; inorganic acids; lakes; monitoring; nitrate ion; Norway; progress report; rain; report; Scandinavia; sulfates; sulfuric acid; surface water; water quality; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulphate sulphur concentration in vegetable crops, soil and ground water in the region affected by the sulphur dioxide emission from Plock oil refinery (central Poland) AN - 52814304; 1996-055865 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Mikula, W A2 - Grennfelt, Peringe A2 - Rodhe, Henning A2 - Thornelof, Eva A2 - Wisniewski, Joe Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 2539 EP - 2546 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 85 IS - 4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - sulfur dioxide KW - concentration KW - Plock Poland KW - Plantae KW - sulfate ion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - migration of elements KW - chemical waste KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - Poland KW - Central Europe KW - water yield KW - industrial waste KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814304?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Sulphate+sulphur+concentration+in+vegetable+crops%2C+soil+and+ground+water+in+the+region+affected+by+the+sulphur+dioxide+emission+from+Plock+oil+refinery+%28central+Poland%29&rft.au=Mikula%2C+W&rft.aulast=Mikula&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=2539&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid rain '95? 5th international conference on Acidic deposition; science and policy N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central Europe; chemical waste; concentration; drinking water; Europe; ground water; industrial waste; migration of elements; organic compounds; organic materials; Plantae; Plock Poland; point sources; Poland; pollutants; pollution; soils; sulfate ion; sulfur dioxide; water yield ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization and comparison of three different methods for the determination of Rn-222 in water AN - 52795591; 1996-071210 JF - The Science of the Total Environment AU - Belloni, P AU - Cavaioli, M AU - Ingrao, G AU - Mancini, C AU - Notaro, M AU - Santaroni, P AU - Torri, G AU - Vasselli, R A2 - Newton, G. W. A. Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 61 EP - 67 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 173-174 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - water KW - experimental studies KW - isotopes KW - pollutants KW - interlaboratory comparison KW - pollution KW - liquid scintillation methods KW - radon KW - drinking water KW - Rn-222 KW - ground water KW - gamma counting KW - laboratory studies KW - radioactive isotopes KW - errors KW - detection KW - noble gases KW - chemical composition KW - accuracy KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52795591?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Optimization+and+comparison+of+three+different+methods+for+the+determination+of+Rn-222+in+water&rft.au=Belloni%2C+P%3BCavaioli%2C+M%3BIngrao%2C+G%3BMancini%2C+C%3BNotaro%2C+M%3BSantaroni%2C+P%3BTorri%2C+G%3BVasselli%2C+R&rft.aulast=Belloni&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=173-174&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Seventh symposium on Environmental radiochemical analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; chemical composition; detection; drinking water; errors; experimental studies; gamma counting; ground water; interlaboratory comparison; isotopes; laboratory studies; liquid scintillation methods; noble gases; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radon; Rn-222; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water quality impacts from on-site waste disposal systems to coastal areas through groundwater discharge AN - 51060036; 1996-016188 JF - Environmental Geology (Berlin) AU - Harris, P J Y1 - 1995/12// PY - 1995 DA - December 1995 SP - 262 EP - 268 PB - Springer International, Berlin VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0943-0105, 0943-0105 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - impact statements KW - nonpoint sources KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - transport KW - Massachusetts KW - agrochemicals KW - acidic composition KW - nitrate ion KW - discharge KW - water pollution KW - soils KW - concentration KW - sewage KW - pollutants KW - Buttermilk Bay KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - coastal environment KW - waste disposal KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51060036?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.atitle=Water+quality+impacts+from+on-site+waste+disposal+systems+to+coastal+areas+through+groundwater+discharge&rft.au=Harris%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-12-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geology+%28Berlin%29&rft.issn=09430105&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1432-0495/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; agrochemicals; aquifers; Buttermilk Bay; Chesapeake Bay; coastal environment; concentration; discharge; drinking water; ground water; impact statements; Massachusetts; microorganisms; nitrate ion; nonpoint sources; phosphorus; pollutants; pollution; sewage; soils; surface water; transport; United States; waste disposal; water pollution; water quality; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Critique AN - 877596636; 13645669 JF - Toxicologic Pathology AU - Macphail, Robert C AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B) National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory U.S. EPA Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711 Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - Nov 1995 SP - 714 EP - 715 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 23 IS - 6 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Toxicology Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/877596636?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.atitle=Critique&rft.au=Macphail%2C+Robert+C&rft.aulast=Macphail&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=714&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F019262339502300609 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-18 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019262339502300609 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of the acute effects of cholinesterase inhibitors using a neurobehavioral screening battery in rats. AN - 77891806; 8747743 AB - The clinical signs of intoxication produced by cholinesterase inhibitors, many of which are used as pesticides, are considered important information for regulatory purposes. We conducted acute studies of cholinesterase inhibitors to compare their effects as determined by a functional observational battery (FOB) and motor activity. The acute effects of two carbamates (carbaryl, aldicarb) and five organophosphates (OP) (chlorpyrifos, diazinon, parathion, fenthion, and diisopropyl fluorophosphate, or DFP) were evaluated on the day of dosing at the time of peak effect, at 1 and 3 days, and 1 week after dosing (oral gavage, in corn oil). A high dose was selected that produced clear cholinergic signs, and lower doses were chosen to produce a range of effects. Generally all cholinesterase inhibitors produced autonomic signs of cholinergic overstimulation (salivation, lacrimation, and miosis), hypothermia, mild tremors and mouth-smacking (chewing motions), lowered motor activity, decreased tail-pinch response, and altered neuromuscular function (gait changes and increased foot splay). The measures generally found to be most sensitive on the day of dosing were body temperature, motor activity, gait, and the presence of mouth-smacking and fine tremors. However, no single measure was the most sensitive across all compounds; for example, the lowest dose of fenthion decreased motor activity by 86% but did not alter the tail-pinch response, whereas the lowest dose of parathion did not lower activity but did decrease the tail-pinch response. For some measures, differences in the slopes of the dose-response curves were evident. Many effects were still observed at 24 h, but recovery was apparent for all compounds. Interestingly, residual effects at 72 h were obtained with the carbamates (carbaryl, aldicarb) as well as with the Op fenthion, but not with the other compounds. Thus, the overall clinical picture of toxicity was similar for these cholinesterase inhibitors, but compound-specific differences emerged in terms of the individual measures, dose-response, and time course. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Moser, V C AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 617 EP - 625 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Parathion KW - 61G466064D KW - Aldicarb KW - 8V071SH05P KW - Carbaryl KW - R890C8J3N1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Neuromuscular Junction -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Aldicarb -- toxicity KW - Reflex -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Parathion -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Movement Disorders -- etiology KW - Carbaryl -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Isoflurophate -- toxicity KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77891806?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+the+acute+effects+of+cholinesterase+inhibitors+using+a+neurobehavioral+screening+battery+in+rats.&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=617&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preliminary screening for the potential of drinking water disinfection byproducts to alter male reproduction. AN - 77848860; 8597653 AB - There is increasing epidemiologic interest in the role drinking water disinfection byproducts (DBPs) may play in adverse reproductive outcomes such as inability to conceive, spontaneous abortion, and low birth weight. Although dozens of DBPs already have been identified, only a few studies have attempted to determine whether DBPs alter male reproductive parameters such as testicular and epididymal histology, testicular and epididymal sperm numbers, and epididymal sperm morphology and motility in laboratory animals. In these studies, alterations in epididymal sperm motility seemed to be predictive of more generalized toxicity of the male reproductive system. Because there is a need to prioritize DBPs for thorough reproductive and developmental toxicity testing, preliminary screening for the potential of DBPs to alter reproductive function seems warranted. Here, we elected to examine only cauda epididymal sperm motion parameters and testicular and epididymal histopathology. The effects of exposure to two commonly occurring DBPs, bromodichloromethane (BDCM) and chloral hydrate (CH), via drinking water were evaluated in F344 rats at an interim (52 week) necropsy during cancer bioassay studies. Exposure to 22 and 39 mg/kg BDCM and 55 and 188 mg/kg CH did not produce any systemic toxicity. Histopathologic evaluation revealed no gross lesions in the reproductive organs, and no tumors were detected in any tissues. In contrast, exposure to 39 mg/kg BDCM significantly decreased the mean straight-line, average path, and curvilinear velocities of sperm recovered from the cauda epididymidis. This BDCM exposure shifted the average path velocity distribution to a lower modal velocity range. Exposure to 188 mg/kg CH significantly decreased both the percentage of motile and progressively motile sperm. This CH exposure shifted the straight-line velocity distribution to a lower modal velocity range. These are the first reproductive toxicity data from exposure to BDCM and CH. The observed effects on sperm motion occurred in the absence of carcinogenesis. Because the effects of BDCM on sperm motility occurred at a lower exposure than that of other DBPs that compromise sperm motility, a thorough reproductive evaluation now is underway. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Suarez, J D AU - Roberts, N L AU - DeAngelo, A B AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 571 EP - 578 VL - 9 IS - 6 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Disinfectants KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - Trihalomethanes KW - Chloral Hydrate KW - 418M5916WG KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Male KW - Chloral Hydrate -- toxicity KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- toxicity KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Water Supply -- standards KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects KW - Disinfectants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77848860?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Preliminary+screening+for+the+potential+of+drinking+water+disinfection+byproducts+to+alter+male+reproduction.&rft.au=Klinefelter%2C+G+R%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BRoberts%2C+N+L%3BDeAngelo%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Klinefelter&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=571&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-04-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-04-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dibromoacetic acid affects reproductive competence and sperm quality in the male rat. AN - 77787809; 8566488 AB - Recently, we demonstrated with short-duration tests that dibromoacetic acid (DBAA), a commonly occurring by-product of water disinfection, alters sperm morphology and motility in the male rat. These results suggested that the effects of DBAA on sperm quality were likely to compromise reproductive competence of the male rat early in subchronic exposure. The present studies were undertaken to investigate the dose response and time course of alterations in fertility and sperm quality. Proven breeder male rats were gavaged daily with 0, 2, 10, 50, or 250 mg DBAA/kg for up to 79 days; interim and terminal measurements of sperm quality and reproductive outcome were made. Because of the known neurotoxicity of the analogue, dichloroacetic acid, both natural breeding and artificial inseminations were evaluated in untreated females to distinguish between possible behavioral and spermatogenic effects. DBAA compromised male fertility during the second treatment week in naturally bred rats dosed with 250 mg/kg. The early antifertility effect appeared to be the result of behavioral changes since females artificially inseminated with sperm collected on Day 9 successfully produced offspring. However, sperm morphology and motility also were rapidly affected by DBAA treatment so that no offspring via natural insemination and only one litter via artificial insemination were produced subsequent to Day 15. Through 31 days, substantial effects on sperm motility, sperm morphology, and epididymal sperm numbers were observed, but there was no demonstrable effect on serum testosterone or sperm production. Because severe toxicity developed in the group given 250 mg/kg, exposure of these animals was prematurely terminated after 42 doses and their recovery was monitored through a 6-month posttreatment period; decreased testis weights and only limited recovery of reproductive performance were observed. Exposure to 50 mg/kg resulted in moderate changes in sperm morphology and motility and moderate decreases in epididymal sperm counts in rats dosed for 31 or 79 days. However, these males remained fertile, litter size was unaffected, and no paternally mediated developmental defects were noted in their offspring. No effects on sperm quality were detected at dosages of 2 or 10 mg/kg. However, compared to controls, naturally bred DBAA-treated rats tended to have fewer inseminations, fewer copulatory plugs, and fewer multiple litters, suggesting that DBAA may have altered mating behavior at dosages as low as 10 mg/kg. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Linder, R E AU - Klinefelter, G R AU - Strader, L F AU - Narotsky, M G AU - Suarez, J D AU - Roberts, N L AU - Perreault, S D AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 9 EP - 17 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - dibromoacetic acid KW - 631-64-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sperm Count -- drug effects KW - Sperm Head -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Spermatogenesis -- drug effects KW - Sperm Motility -- drug effects KW - Sperm Head -- ultrastructure KW - Rats KW - Sexual Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Fertility -- drug effects KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Acetates -- toxicity KW - Spermatozoa -- ultrastructure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77787809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dibromoacetic+acid+affects+reproductive+competence+and+sperm+quality+in+the+male+rat.&rft.au=Linder%2C+R+E%3BKlinefelter%2C+G+R%3BStrader%2C+L+F%3BNarotsky%2C+M+G%3BSuarez%2C+J+D%3BRoberts%2C+N+L%3BPerreault%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-04 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic neurologic sequelae to cholinesterase inhibition among agricultural pesticide applicators. AN - 77774183; 8572722 AB - To test the hypothesis that chronic neurologic sequelae are associated with cholinesterase depression short of frank organophosphate poisoning, we compared 45 male subjects who had a history of moderate cholinesterase inhibition with 90 male subjects who had neither past cholinesterase inhibition nor current pesticide exposure. Cholinesterase-inhibited subjects were defined as having had a history of (a) red blood cell cholinesterase at 70% or less of baseline or (b) plasma cholinesterase at 60% or less of baseline absent symptoms of frank poisoning. In the subject comparison evaluation, only 1 of 27 neurologic tests (i.e., serial digit performance) was significant statistically, but it was opposite of the direction hypothesized. In a companion study for which the same battery of neurologic tests and the same subjects were used, neurologic sequelae were related to high exposures among subjects who sought treatment for organophosphate poisoning. The data in the current study, in which the subjects experienced lower exposures short of frank poisoning, provide some evidence that preventing acute organophosphate poisoning also prevents neurologic sequelae. JF - Archives of environmental health AU - Ames, R G AU - Steenland, K AU - Jenkins, B AU - Chrislip, D AU - Russo, J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Berkeley, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 440 EP - 444 VL - 50 IS - 6 SN - 0003-9896, 0003-9896 KW - Carbamates KW - 0 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Pesticides KW - methyl carbamate KW - 9WFX634X2T KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Neural Conduction -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Organophosphorus Compounds -- toxicity KW - Middle Aged KW - Neuropsychological Tests KW - Motor Skills KW - Male KW - Carbamates -- toxicity KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- blood KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Nervous System Diseases -- diagnosis KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77774183?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Chronic+neurologic+sequelae+to+cholinesterase+inhibition+among+agricultural+pesticide+applicators.&rft.au=Ames%2C+R+G%3BSteenland%2C+K%3BJenkins%2C+B%3BChrislip%2C+D%3BRusso%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ames&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=440&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.issn=00039896&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-14 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of nitrodibenzopyranones in the Salmonella plate-incorporation and microsuspension assays. AN - 77771887; 8524351 JF - Mutation research AU - Watanabe, T AU - Kohan, M J AU - Walsh, D AU - Ball, L M AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Lewtas, J AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 345 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Benzopyrans KW - 0 KW - Coumarins KW - Mutagens KW - 4-nitro-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one KW - 51640-90-5 KW - 2-nitro-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one KW - 6623-66-1 KW - 3-nitro-6H-dibenzo(b,d)pyran-6-one KW - 6638-64-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Coumarins -- toxicity KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Benzopyrans -- toxicity KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77771887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+nitrodibenzopyranones+in+the+Salmonella+plate-incorporation+and+microsuspension+assays.&rft.au=Watanabe%2C+T%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BWalsh%2C+D%3BBall%2C+L+M%3BDeMarini%2C+D+M%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Watanabe&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=345&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity and clastogenicity of 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) in L5178Y/TK+/(-)-3.7.2C mouse lymphoma cells. AN - 77740814; 8524361 AB - 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX) was tested without exogenous activation in L5178Y/TK+/(-)-3.7.2C mouse lymphoma cells for mutation at the thymidine kinase locus and for clastogenicity. At a concentration of 0.75 micrograms/ml, the induced mutant frequency was 1027 per 10(6) survivors (survival = 11%). A concentration-related increase of large and small colony mutants was observed, but the majority of the MX induced mutants formed small colonies, consistent with the positive clastogenic response that was observed. MX primarily induced chromatid breaks and rearrangements (30 chromatid and 4 chromosome aberrations per 100 cells) at the 0.75 microgram/ml dose. These studies indicate that MX induces a broad spectrum of genetic damage. JF - Mutation research AU - Harrington-Brock, K AU - Doerr, C L AU - Moore, M M AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 105 EP - 110 VL - 348 IS - 3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Furans KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Water Pollutants KW - 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone KW - 77439-76-0 KW - Thymidine Kinase KW - EC 2.7.1.21 KW - Index Medicus KW - Clone Cells KW - Animals KW - Tumor Cells, Cultured KW - Thymidine Kinase -- metabolism KW - CHO Cells KW - Mice KW - Lymphoma KW - Thymidine Kinase -- genetics KW - Cricetinae KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Furans -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77740814?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+and+clastogenicity+of+3-chloro-4-%28dichloromethyl%29-5-hydroxy-2%285H%29-furanone+%28MX%29+in+L5178Y%2FTK%2B%2F%28-%29-3.7.2C+mouse+lymphoma+cells.&rft.au=Harrington-Brock%2C+K%3BDoerr%2C+C+L%3BMoore%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Harrington-Brock&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=348&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-23 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correlation of physicochemical properties of alkylphenols with their graph-theoretical epsilon parameter. AN - 77707943; 8520930 AB - For a series of 40 alkylphenols, the graph-theoretical parameter epsilon correlates very closely with physicochemical parameters of interest in predicting environmental toxicity and fate, and especially with logKOW (r = 0.998). Possible uses of this correlation are discussed, along with needs for extending the epsilon parameter to other types of molecules. JF - Chemosphere AU - Cash, G G AD - Environmental Effects Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 4307 EP - 4315 VL - 31 IS - 10 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Phenols KW - Index Medicus KW - Software KW - Solubility KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Temperature KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Phenols -- chemistry KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77707943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Correlation+of+physicochemical+properties+of+alkylphenols+with+their+graph-theoretical+epsilon+parameter.&rft.au=Cash%2C+G+G&rft.aulast=Cash&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=4307&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (Aroclor 1254) reduces circulating thyroid hormone concentrations and causes hearing deficits in rats. AN - 77691192; 7482542 AB - Developmental hypothyroidism causes growth deficits, motor dysfunction, and hearing disorders in humans and animals. Therefore, environmental toxicants, such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), may secondarily affect these endpoints via thyrotoxicity. In this study, Long-Evans rats were given Aroclor 1254 (po), at 0, 1, 4, or 8 mg/kg from Gestation Day 6 through Postnatal Day (PND) 21. We evaluated the offspring at various age intervals for circulating thyroid hormone concentrations [thyroid-stimulating hormone, and free and total triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin (T4)], body weight, eye opening, survival, motor activity development, auditory startle response, and auditory thresholds. Circulating T4 concentrations were sharply reduced in a dose-dependent fashion in PCB-exposed groups at PND 1, 7, 14, 21, and 30 but recovered to control levels by PND 45. Moderate reductions in T3 concentrations were apparent in the 4 and 8 mg/kg groups on PND 21 and 30. Deficits in body weight gain and early eye opening were apparent in the treated pups; by weaning, pup mortality was 20% in the 4 mg/kg group and 50% at the highest dose. Motor activity was also transiently reduced in 15 day old offspring from the 8 mg/kg group. At this dose, animals showed reduced auditory startle amplitudes at PND 24, but not when tested as adults. Importantly, Aroclor 1254 caused permanent auditory deficits (20-30 dB threshold shift) at the lowest frequency tested (1 kHz) in both the 4 and 8 mg/kg groups, whereas auditory thresholds were not significantly affected at higher frequencies (4, 16, 32, or 40 kHz). These data indicate that while some effects of Aroclor 1254 exposure are dissimilar to drug-induced hypothyroidism (e.g., age of eye opening), effects on hormone levels and body weight are comparable. Detection of auditory deficits in PCB-treated animals is a novel finding and may reflect the effects of thyroid hormone disruption on the development of the cochlea. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Goldey, E S AU - Kehn, L S AU - Lau, C AU - Rehnberg, G L AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 77 EP - 88 VL - 135 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Antithyroid Agents KW - 0 KW - Aroclors KW - Thyroid Hormones KW - Triiodothyronine KW - 06LU7C9H1V KW - Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) KW - 11097-69-1 KW - Thyrotropin KW - 9002-71-5 KW - Thyroxine KW - Q51BO43MG4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reflex, Startle -- drug effects KW - Audiometry KW - Triiodothyronine -- blood KW - Thyrotropin -- blood KW - Thyroxine -- blood KW - Hypothyroidism -- chemically induced KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Hypothyroidism -- physiopathology KW - Acoustic Stimulation KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Hearing Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Antithyroid Agents -- toxicity KW - Aroclors -- toxicity KW - Hearing Disorders -- chemically induced KW - Thyroid Hormones -- blood KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77691192?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Developmental+exposure+to+polychlorinated+biphenyls+%28Aroclor+1254%29+reduces+circulating+thyroid+hormone+concentrations+and+causes+hearing+deficits+in+rats.&rft.au=Goldey%2C+E+S%3BKehn%2C+L+S%3BLau%2C+C%3BRehnberg%2C+G+L%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Goldey&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-12-19 N1 - Date created - 1995-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of developmental hypothyroidism on auditory and motor function in the rat. AN - 77688720; 7482541 AB - Deafness is a common result of severe hypothyroidism during development in humans and laboratory animals; however, little is known regarding the sensitivity of the auditory system to more moderate changes in thyroid hormone homeostasis. The current investigation compared the relative sensitivity of auditory function, motor function, and growth to the effects of moderate to severe perinatal hypothyroidism in the rat. Rats received propylthiouracil (PTU) in drinking water at concentrations of 0, 1, 5, and 25 ppm from Gestation Day 18 until postnatal day (PND) 21, and the effects on their offspring were evaluated. At 1 ppm, PTU did not affect any of the measured endpoints. Serum thyroxin concentrations were sharply reduced in the 5 and 25 ppm PTU groups at all ages sampled (PND 1, 7, 14, and 21). Marked reductions in serum triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations were also detected for all ages > or = 7 at 25 ppm PTU, whereas no effects of 5 ppm PTU on serum T3 were apparent until PND 21. Compared to the controls, pups exposed to the highest dose of PTU demonstrated a delay in eye opening, reduced body weights, decreased and/or delayed preweaning motor activity, and persistent, postweaning hyperactivity. Only slight and transient effects on eye opening and ontogeny of motor activity were seen at the intermediate dose of PTU (5 ppm). Reflex modification audiometry revealed that, compared to controls, adult offspring from the 5 and 25 ppm treatment groups showed dose-dependent auditory threshold deficits (35 to > 50 dB) at all frequencies tested (1, 4, 16, 32, and 40 kHz). Such dose-dependent effects indicate that the developing auditory system may be sensitive to mild hypothyroidism, suggesting the possible need for routine audiometric screening for infants and children at risk for iodine deficiency, myxedema, and/or exposure to thyrotoxic environmental agents. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Goldey, E S AU - Kehn, L S AU - Rehnberg, G L AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 67 EP - 76 VL - 135 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Triiodothyronine KW - 06LU7C9H1V KW - Propylthiouracil KW - 721M9407IY KW - Thyroxine KW - Q51BO43MG4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Habituation, Psychophysiologic -- drug effects KW - Reflex, Startle -- drug effects KW - Audiometry KW - Triiodothyronine -- blood KW - Thyroxine -- blood KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Propylthiouracil -- toxicity KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Animals, Newborn -- growth & development KW - Female KW - Male KW - Hypothyroidism -- physiopathology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Acoustic Stimulation KW - Hypothyroidism -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77688720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+developmental+hypothyroidism+on+auditory+and+motor+function+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Goldey%2C+E+S%3BKehn%2C+L+S%3BRehnberg%2C+G+L%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Goldey&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=135&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-12-19 N1 - Date created - 1995-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acid drainage from Tahoma Glacier, Mount Rainier, Washington AN - 52799878; 1996-063020 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Frank, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 651 EP - 652 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 76 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - Pierce County Washington KW - South Puyallup River KW - drainage KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - glaciers KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - volcanology KW - Cascade Range KW - Tahoma Glacier KW - ice KW - snow KW - Mount Rainier KW - volcanoes KW - acidification KW - acidic composition KW - west-central Washington KW - discharge KW - pH KW - meltwater KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52799878?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Acid+drainage+from+Tahoma+Glacier%2C+Mount+Rainier%2C+Washington&rft.au=Frank%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=651&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1995 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; Cascade Range; discharge; drainage; glaciers; hydrology; ice; meltwater; Mount Rainier; pH; Pierce County Washington; rivers and streams; snow; South Puyallup River; surface water; Tahoma Glacier; United States; volcanoes; volcanology; Washington; west-central Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Leakage from the active hydrothermal system at Mount Rainier, Washington AN - 52794157; 1996-062972 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Frank, D AU - Realmuto, V J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 644 EP - 645 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 76 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Washington KW - geologic hazards KW - Pierce County Washington KW - fumaroles KW - fluid phase KW - volcanology KW - hydrothermal conditions KW - Cascade Range KW - volcanic risk KW - geothermal systems KW - debris avalanches KW - Mount Rainier KW - mass movements KW - volcanoes KW - west-central Washington KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52794157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Leakage+from+the+active+hydrothermal+system+at+Mount+Rainier%2C+Washington&rft.au=Frank%2C+D%3BRealmuto%2C+V+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1995 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cascade Range; debris avalanches; fluid phase; fumaroles; geologic hazards; geothermal systems; hydrothermal conditions; mass movements; Mount Rainier; Pierce County Washington; remote sensing; United States; volcanic risk; volcanoes; volcanology; Washington; west-central Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strategic moves; where can you put your waste? AN - 52604204; 1998-033883 JF - Pollution Engineering AU - Abbasi, Rafat A Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 36 EP - 39 PB - Cahners Publishing, Newton, MA VL - 27 IS - 12 SN - 0032-3640, 0032-3640 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - waste disposal KW - solid waste KW - National Environmental Policy Act KW - Corrective Action Management Unit KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52604204?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pollution+Engineering&rft.atitle=Strategic+moves%3B+where+can+you+put+your+waste%3F&rft.au=Abbasi%2C+Rafat+A&rft.aulast=Abbasi&rft.aufirst=Rafat&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pollution+Engineering&rft.issn=00323640&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Corrective Action Management Unit; decontamination; ground water; hazardous waste; National Environmental Policy Act; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; regulations; remediation; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; solid waste; United States; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An adaptive zooming and peak capturing algorithm to solve nonlinear subsurface transport problems with moving fronts AN - 52117472; 2002-038429 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Cheng, Hwai-Ping AU - Short, Thomas E AU - Enfield, Carl AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 262 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 76 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - solute transport KW - errors KW - chemical reactions KW - pollutants KW - mathematical methods KW - equations KW - algorithms KW - fluid dynamics KW - accuracy KW - aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52117472?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=An+adaptive+zooming+and+peak+capturing+algorithm+to+solve+nonlinear+subsurface+transport+problems+with+moving+fronts&rft.au=Yeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BCheng%2C+Hwai-Ping%3BShort%2C+Thomas+E%3BEnfield%2C+Carl%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Yeh&rft.aufirst=Gour-Tsyh&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=262&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1995 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; algorithms; aquifers; chemical reactions; equations; errors; fluid dynamics; mathematical methods; pollutants; solute transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeomorphic factors affecting black cottonwood regeneration along the Willamette River, Oregon AN - 52115095; 2002-038494 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Dykaaar, B AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 271 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 76 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - human activity KW - floodplains KW - landform evolution KW - surface water KW - agriculture KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - Oregon KW - fluvial features KW - ecology KW - Willamette River KW - land use KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52115095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Hydrogeomorphic+factors+affecting+black+cottonwood+regeneration+along+the+Willamette+River%2C+Oregon&rft.au=Dykaaar%2C+B%3BWigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Dykaaar&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1995 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; changes; ecology; ecosystems; floodplains; fluvial features; forests; human activity; hydrology; land use; landform evolution; Oregon; surface water; United States; vegetation; Willamette River ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relation of streamwater chemistry to hydrologic and geochemical controls in four small forested watersheds on Catoctin Mountain in north-central Maryland AN - 52114925; 2002-038424 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Rice, K C AU - Bricker, O P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/11// PY - 1995 DA - November 1995 SP - 260 EP - 261 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 76 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - metaigneous rocks KW - forests KW - Catoctin Mountain KW - bedrock KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - sulfate ion KW - stream transport KW - metabasalt KW - surface water KW - watersheds KW - bicarbonate ion KW - hydrochemistry KW - metamorphic rocks KW - seasonal variations KW - Maryland KW - Frederick County Maryland KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52114925?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Relation+of+streamwater+chemistry+to+hydrologic+and+geochemical+controls+in+four+small+forested+watersheds+on+Catoctin+Mountain+in+north-central+Maryland&rft.au=Rice%2C+K+C%3BBricker%2C+O+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-11-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=260&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1995 spring meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; bicarbonate ion; Catoctin Mountain; concentration; forests; Frederick County Maryland; hydrochemistry; Maryland; metabasalt; metaigneous rocks; metamorphic rocks; seasonal variations; stream transport; sulfate ion; surface water; United States; water quality; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The occurrence of arsenic in private water wells in Montgomery County, Ohio AN - 913702312; 2012-011070 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Bendula, Richard A AU - Vandike, James E AU - Imes, Jeffrey L AU - Meyer, David AU - Cawlfield, Jeff Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 22 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 40 KW - United States KW - limestone KW - bedrock KW - concentration KW - Montgomery County Ohio KW - pollutants KW - Paleozoic KW - herbicides KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - Silurian KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - dolomite KW - sedimentary rocks KW - metals KW - pesticides KW - carbonate rocks KW - water wells KW - carbonates KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/913702312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=The+occurrence+of+arsenic+in+private+water+wells+in+Montgomery+County%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Bendula%2C+Richard+A%3BVandike%2C+James+E%3BImes%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BMeyer%2C+David%3BCawlfield%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Bendula&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=&rft.spage=22&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 40th annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; arsenic; bedrock; carbonate rocks; carbonates; concentration; dolomite; drinking water; ground water; herbicides; limestone; metals; Montgomery County Ohio; Ohio; Paleozoic; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; sedimentary rocks; Silurian; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A thumbnail sketch of the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency's ground water quality assessment program AN - 913702288; 2012-011068 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Bamberger, Mark J W AU - Vandike, James E AU - Imes, Jeffrey L AU - Meyer, David AU - Cawlfield, Jeff Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 20 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 40 KW - United States KW - protection KW - water quality KW - programs KW - monitoring KW - water wells KW - geochemistry KW - drinking water KW - Ohio KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/913702288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=A+thumbnail+sketch+of+the+Ohio+Environmental+Protection+Agency%27s+ground+water+quality+assessment+program&rft.au=Bamberger%2C+Mark+J+W%3BVandike%2C+James+E%3BImes%2C+Jeffrey+L%3BMeyer%2C+David%3BCawlfield%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Bamberger&rft.aufirst=Mark+J&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 40th annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; drinking water; geochemistry; ground water; monitoring; Ohio; programs; protection; United States; water quality; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactive cytotoxicities of selected organic and inorganic substances to brown cells of Mercenaria mercenaria. AN - 77856254; 8608407 AB - Toxicities of binary mixtures of Cu2+, Cd2+, benzo(a)pyrene [B(a)P] and N-ethylmaleimide (NEM) were screened using the in vitro neutral red (NR) assay to test the hypothesis that combined toxicity is more than or less than additive relative to the influence of each mixture constituent on toxicant uptake and brown cell lysosomal membrane stability. Significant cytotoxicity was observed at 25 mumol/L Cu2+, 500 mumol/L Cd2+ and 25 mumol/L NEM. B(a)P at 12 mumol/L exerted no toxicity under the conditions of the assay. Interactions between Cu2+ and NEM, between Cd2+ and NEM, and between Cd2+ and B(a)P significantly influenced brown cell survival. Comparison of observed joint toxicity with estimates made using a model of independent joint action indicates that interactive effects are less than additive in character. The 3-way interaction involving Cu2+, B(a)P, and NEM also affected brown cell survival to a statistically significant degree. However, the interactive cytotoxicity of this mixture is attributable mainly to the combined effect of Cu2+ and NEM. Results also indicate that new hypothesis and additional experimentation are needed to understand the interactive toxicity of mixture constituents. JF - Cell biology and toxicology AU - Zaroogian, G AU - Voyer, R A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Narragansett, RI 02882, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 263 EP - 271 VL - 11 IS - 5 SN - 0742-2091, 0742-2091 KW - Cytotoxins KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Neutral Red KW - 261QK3SSBH KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Copper KW - 789U1901C5 KW - Ethylmaleimide KW - O3C74ACM9V KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Cytotoxins -- toxicity KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cells, Cultured -- drug effects KW - Cell Death -- drug effects KW - Bivalvia -- cytology KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- toxicity KW - Cadmium -- toxicity KW - Ethylmaleimide -- toxicity KW - Copper -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77856254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cell+biology+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Interactive+cytotoxicities+of+selected+organic+and+inorganic+substances+to+brown+cells+of+Mercenaria+mercenaria.&rft.au=Zaroogian%2C+G%3BVoyer%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Zaroogian&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=263&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cell+biology+and+toxicology&rft.issn=07422091&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-28 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Holistic risk assessment: an emerging process for environmental decisions. AN - 77812796; 8577946 AB - A holistic risk assessment (HRA) strategy is proposed as an alternative, inclusive paradigm which builds upon the traditional risk assessment process described by the National Academy of Sciences. This proposed process expands beyond the traditional process in that it: (i) includes parallel and integrated assessments for ecological risk and human health risks; (ii) recognizes the presence of competing risks that may arise from implementation of risk management decisions; (iii) is an iterative and nonsequential process that highlights the importance of risk characterization and the need for comparisons; (iv) has focus on presenting a series of risk choices that take into consideration parameters specific to exposed populations and ecosystems; and (v) involves communication as the first step between risk assessors and risk managers, with subsequent communication of the results of the assessment to clients and the public. This HRA strategy is illustrated by a case study on methyl mercury. Specific research is proposed for future improvements in this area. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Harvey, T AU - Mahaffey, K R AU - Velazquez, S AU - Dourson, M AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment-CIN, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 110 EP - 117 VL - 22 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Risk Management KW - Mercury -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Holistic Health KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77812796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Holistic+risk+assessment%3A+an+emerging+process+for+environmental+decisions.&rft.au=Harvey%2C+T%3BMahaffey%2C+K+R%3BVelazquez%2C+S%3BDourson%2C+M&rft.aulast=Harvey&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-14 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental effects of dioxins. AN - 77803237; 8593882 AB - The potent developmental toxicity of dioxin in multiple species has been known for a number of years. However, recent studies have indicated that dioxin also induces functional developmental defects, many of which are delayed. Subtle structural deficits, not detectable at birth, have also been described in multiple species and in both sexes. Certain defects have been reported not only in animals but also in children prenatally exposed to complex mixtures containing dioxinlike compounds. None of the effects can be attributed to modulation of any one endocrine system. For example, dioxin does not bind to the estrogen receptor, but it can cause effects that are both estrogenic and antiestrogenic. However, viewing dioxin and related compounds as endocrine disruptors that may alter multiple pathways sheds some light on the complexities of this potent class of growth dysregulators. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 89 EP - 94 VL - 103 Suppl 7 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Dioxins -- adverse effects KW - Dioxins -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77803237?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Developmental+effects+of+dioxins.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-04-09 N1 - Date created - 1996-04-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1986 Jun 15;84(1):115-24 [3715858] Teratology. 1986 Feb;33(1):29-35 [3738807] Teratology. 1987 Jun;35(3):329-34 [3629513] Teratology. 1987 Jun;35(3):335-44 [3629514] Science. 1988 May 13;240(4854):889-95 [3283939] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Jun;85(12):4128-32 [3380784] Mol Pharmacol. 1989 Jan;35(1):18-25 [2783621] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 May;98(3):487-500 [2718176] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Jun 15;99(2):276-86 [2734791] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Jun 15;99(2):287-301 [2734792] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1989 Aug;100(1):119-31 [2763295] Teratology. 1990 Jan;41(1):71-84 [2305375] Toxicology. 1990 Apr 30;61(3):249-57 [2109905] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1990;30:251-77 [2188570] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1990 Jul;15(1):142-50 [2373295] J Biol Chem. 1990 Aug 25;265(24):14648-53 [2387873] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Dec;106(3):418-32 [2260090] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Mar 1;107(3):413-28 [2000632] Teratology. 1991 Feb;43(2):119-32 [2014478] Mol Pharmacol. 1991 Apr;39(4):495-501 [1850092] Teratology. 1990 Dec;42(6):597-610 [2087681] Teratology. 1990 Dec;42(6):619-27 [2087682] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1991 Jun 1;109(1):85-97 [1645482] FASEB J. 1991 Dec;5(15):3092-9 [1743440] Pharmacol Toxicol. 1991 Dec;69(6):400-9 [1766914] Pharmacol Toxicol. 1991 Dec;69(6):427-32 [1766918] Teratology. 1992 Jan;45(1):35-53 [1731395] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Feb;112(2):207-13 [1531708] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Apr;113(2):284-92 [1561637] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Apr 15;184(1):246-53 [1314586] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):118-26 [1585364] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):97-107 [1585378] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Sep 1;89(17):8185-9 [1325649] Dev Biol. 1992 Dec;154(2):318-30 [1385235] JAMA. 1992 Dec 9;268(22):3213-8 [1433761] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Nov 15;89(22):10974-8 [1279700] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1992 Nov 30;189(1):59-65 [1280431] Nucleic Acids Res. 1993 Jan 11;21(1):119-25 [8382788] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1993 May 28;679:195-210 [8512183] Reprod Toxicol. 1993 May-Jun;7(3):255-61 [8318757] Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Jul 15;90(14):6839-43 [8341706] J Biochem Toxicol. 1993 Jun;8(2):71-81 [8355262] J Biochem Toxicol. 1993 Jun;8(2):89-99 [8394938] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1993;23(3):283-335 [8260069] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1994 Jan;41(1):83-93 [8277528] Pharmacogenetics. 1993 Oct;3(5):213-30 [8287061] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Jan;124(1):82-90 [8291065] J Biol Chem. 1994 Mar 4;269(9):6949-54 [8120057] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Nov;101(6):504-8 [8137779] Qual Assur. 1991 Oct;1(1):70-81 [1669971] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Dec;101(7):618-20 [8143594] Dev Med Child Neurol. 1994 Apr;36(4):312-20 [8157153] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1994;24(1):1-74 [8172651] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 May;126(1):16-25 [8184424] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Aug;127(2):241-9 [8048067] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Aug;127(2):258-67 [8048069] Biochem Pharmacol. 1994 Jul 19;48(2):215-24 [8053917] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Sep;128(1):138-50 [8079347] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1995 Mar;131(1):108-18 [7878665] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Nov;102 Suppl 9:157-67 [7698077] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):108-17 [1585363] Biochem Pharmacol. 1979 Jun 15;28(12):1865-77 [454458] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Feb;59:5-10 [3921364] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1985 Jun 15;79(1):99-111 [4049410] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors affecting flow cytometric detection of apoptotic nuclei by DNA analysis. AN - 77775813; 8582237 AB - Apoptotic thymocyte nuclei normally appear on a flow cytometric DNA histogram as a subdiploid peak. We observed that addition of a specific RNase A preparation to the detergent-based lysing buffer increased the fluorescence of toxicant-induced apoptotic nuclei to the level of untreated diploid nuclei. The chelating agent EDTA partially inhibited the RNase effect, suggesting contaminating divalent cations may have been involved. Moreover, spectrofluorometric analysis revealed that addition of RNase or divalent cations decreased the amount of DNA present in the lysate. This suggested that the upscale fluorescence shift was due to a decrease in the ability of the lysing buffer to extract DNA, possibly as a result of cation-induced chromatin condensation, rather than increased accessibility of fluorochrome binding sites due to apoptotic degeneration. Moreover, during a 16-h culture, we observed a similar, but time-dependent, upscale shift in the fluorescence of thymocytes undergoing apoptosis either spontaneously or as a result of exposure to 1 microM tributyltin methoxide (TBT), 2% ethanol, 2% methanol, or 1 microM dexamethasone phosphate (DEX). This commonality of effect suggests that a similar magnitude of chromatin reorganization occurs in apoptotic cells in prolonged culture regardless of the method of apoptotic induction. These findings should alert investigators to potential inaccuracies in the flow cytometric quantitation of apoptosis in in vitro systems employing prolonged toxicant exposures or complex lysing cocktails that may contain active contaminants. JF - Cytometry AU - Elstein, K H AU - Thomas, D J AU - Zucker, R M AD - Developmental Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/10/01/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Oct 01 SP - 170 EP - 176 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0196-4763, 0196-4763 KW - Chelating Agents KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Magnesium Chloride KW - 02F3473H9O KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Edetic Acid KW - 9G34HU7RV0 KW - Ribonuclease, Pancreatic KW - EC 3.1.27.5 KW - Calcium Chloride KW - M4I0D6VV5M KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Male KW - T-Lymphocytes -- ultrastructure KW - Apoptosis KW - Cell Nucleus -- ultrastructure KW - DNA -- analysis KW - T-Lymphocytes -- physiology KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Flow Cytometry -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77775813?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cytometry&rft.atitle=Factors+affecting+flow+cytometric+detection+of+apoptotic+nuclei+by+DNA+analysis.&rft.au=Elstein%2C+K+H%3BThomas%2C+D+J%3BZucker%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Elstein&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=170&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cytometry&rft.issn=01964763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-15 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental expression of two members of a new class of transcription factors: I. Expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor in the C57BL/6N mouse embryo. AN - 77752653; 8589437 AB - The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor with a basic region/helix-loop-helix (bHLH) motif. AhR has been sequenced and the functional domains defined and there is information on the formation of complexes with other peptides and interactions with DNA, although these areas continue to be investigated. AhR mediates many biological effects such as developmental toxicity, including induction of cleft palate and hydronephrosis. This regulatory protein is expressed in embryonic liver and has been immunohistochemically localized in cells of human and mouse secondary palate. The expression of AhR in embryonic tissues and its ability to disrupt development suggests a significant role for this protein in development. The present study examines the pattern of AhR expression in the C57BL/6N mouse embryo from gestation days (GD) 10-16, using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical analysis. AhR mRNA was localized with 35S-RNA antisense riboprobe (cAh1 probe, 1.8 Kb amino terminal DNA). AhR protein was localized with purified monoclonal antibody (RPT-9) raised against the N-terminal peptide sequence. AhR mRNA and protein were expressed in GD 10-13 neuroepithelium, and as development progressed the levels in brain decreased. GD 10-12 embryos also showed AhR in branchial arches, heart, somites, and liver. AhR protein and mRNA in heart were highest at GD 10-11 and decreased with age. In liver, AhR mRNA and protein levels increased and nuclear localization became more pronounced with gestational age. In GD 14-16 embryos levels in liver and adrenal were highest, but AhR was present in ectoderm, bone, and muscle. AhR expression was specific for both cell type, organ/tissue, and developmental stage, suggesting that this novel ligand-activated transcriptional regulator may be important in normal embryonic development. JF - Developmental dynamics : an official publication of the American Association of Anatomists AU - Abbott, B D AU - Birnbaum, L S AU - Perdew, G H AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 133 EP - 143 VL - 204 IS - 2 SN - 1058-8388, 1058-8388 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - RNA, Messenger -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Gestational Age KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - RNA, Messenger -- genetics KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- genetics KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- physiology KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- genetics KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77752653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Developmental+dynamics+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+American+Association+of+Anatomists&rft.atitle=Developmental+expression+of+two+members+of+a+new+class+of+transcription+factors%3A+I.+Expression+of+aryl+hydrocarbon+receptor+in+the+C57BL%2F6N+mouse+embryo.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S%3BPerdew%2C+G+H&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=204&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Developmental+dynamics+%3A+an+official+publication+of+the+American+Association+of+Anatomists&rft.issn=10588388&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectrum of cigarette smoke condensate in Salmonella: comparison to mutations in smoking-associated tumors. AN - 77586787; 7586163 AB - We used colony probe hybridization and polymerase chain reaction/DNA sequence analysis to determine the mutations in approximately 1600 revertants of Salmonella induced by cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) in the presence of S9. CSC induced approximately 80% GC-->TA transversions and approximately 20% GC-->AT transitions at the base-substitution allele (hisG46) in strain TA100. This spectrum was similar to those of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) benzo[alpha]pyrene and various aromatic amines such as 4-aminobiphenyl and Glu-P-1, all of which are present in CSC. This spectrum was also similar to that produced by PAHs in other bacteria, mammalian cells, and rodents as well as to that of the p53 gene in lung tumors from smokers. The results in Salmonella are consistent with a role for the PAH component of cigarette smoke in the base-substitution specificity found in the p53 gene of smoking-associated lung tumors. At the frameshift allele in strains TA1538 and TA98, CSC induced only a hotspot 2-base deletion, which is a mutation spectrum that is identical to that induced by the heterocyclic amine pyrolysate products of amino acids, such as Glu-P-1. This is consistent with bioassay-directed fractionation studies showing that aromatic amines account for most of the frameshift specificity of CSC in Salmonella. Rodent and human studies indicate that aromatic amines are responsible for smoking-associated bladder cancer. Repeated freezing and thawing of the CSC samples changed the chemical composition of the mixtures as evidenced by the production of an altered mutation spectrum. This emphasizes the necessity of proper storage and handling of labile complex mixtures. This study (i) confirms our previous studies showing that the mutation spectrum of a complex mixture reflects the dominance of one or a few classes of chemical mutagens within the mixture, and (ii) illustrates the potential of bioassay-directed molecular analysis for identifying the chemical classes in a complex mixture that are responsible for specific classes of mutation and tumor types produced by the mixture. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Shelton, M L AU - Levine, J G AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 2535 EP - 2542 VL - 16 IS - 10 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - 0 KW - DNA, Neoplasm KW - Mutagens KW - Smoke KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - Index Medicus KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Alleles KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Biotransformation KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Species Specificity KW - Sequence Deletion KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - DNA, Bacterial -- chemistry KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - DNA, Neoplasm -- genetics KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- pharmacology KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - DNA, Bacterial -- drug effects KW - Mutagenesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77586787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectrum+of+cigarette+smoke+condensate+in+Salmonella%3A+comparison+to+mutations+in+smoking-associated+tumors.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BLevine%2C+J+G&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-28 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiation of carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity by inhaled methanol: time course of injury and recovery. AN - 77536074; 7563218 AB - Increases in the use of methanol (MeOH) as a transportation fuel would result in greater potential for inhalation exposure. Because oral exposure to MeOH potentiates the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), we examined the ability of inhaled MeOH to potentiate CCl4 hepatotoxicity and the time course of injury and recovery. Adult male F-344 rats were exposed to 0 or to 10,000 ppm MeOH by inhalation for 6 h and gavaged with 0.075 ml CCl4/kg 24 h later. Hepatotoxicity was assessed 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 7, 15, 30, and 61 d after CCl4 exposure. For CCl4 alone, hepatotoxicity was most severe at 0.5 and 1 d, when minimal centrilobular hepatocellular necrosis and predominately mild centrilobular hepatocellular vacuolar degeneration occurred. By d 3, the livers from the CCl4 rats were histologically normal. For MeOH+CCl4, peak severity of hepatic injury was at 1 and 1.5 d, when moderate centrilobular necrosis and moderate/marked centrilobular degeneration occurred. MeOH+CCl4 resulted in serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) that were increased, relative to CCl4 alone, 171- and 113-fold, respectively, on d 1, and 166- and 140-fold, respectively, on d 1.5. Significant serum elevations in MeOH+CCl4 rats, relative to CCl4 alone rats, were present until d 7 and d 15 for AST and ALT, respectively. By d 3 and d 7, degeneration and necrosis, respectively, due to MeOH+CCl4 were essentially resolved. On d 7, the MeOH+CCl4 hepatic injury consisted mainly of chronic inflammation and centrilobular fibrosis. By d 30, the livers of MeOH+CCl4 rats were histologically normal. These data demonstrate that inhaled MeOH potentiates the hepatotoxicity of orally ingested CCl4, increasing the severity of CCl4 hepatotoxicity as well as the time required for recovery. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Simmons, J E AU - McDonald, A AU - Seely, J C AU - Sey, Y M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 203 EP - 216 VL - 46 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Drug Synergism KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77536074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Potentiation+of+carbon+tetrachloride+hepatotoxicity+by+inhaled+methanol%3A+time+course+of+injury+and+recovery.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E%3BMcDonald%2C+A%3BSeely%2C+J+C%3BSey%2C+Y+M&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-13 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating human exposure to selected motor vehicle pollutants using the NEM series of models: lessons to be learned. AN - 75515939; 8938248 AB - This paper reviews the use of exposure modeling by the Ambient Standards Branch (ASB) of EPA's Office of Air Quality Planning and Standards. The Branch uses exposure assessments to evaluate health risks associated with attainment of alternative National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). This paper examines the history of the NAAQS Exposure Model (NEM) and probabilistic NEM (pNEM) models and the role that they have played in NAAQS reviews of lead, carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and oxygen. Trends in how the following substantive issues were addressed in the NEM series of models are reviewed: (1) exposure and dose metrics; (2) microenvironmental (mu e) concentration estimation; and (3) human activity and breathing rate simulation. In response to an outside peer review of its recent exposure assessments, ASB is deemphasizing modeling the entire population in favor of limited modeling of narrowly defined "sensitive groups." In addition, ASB increasingly is focusing its exposure assessments on those human activities that lead to high intake dose, or high intake dose rate. Examples are provided that highlight these changes in emphasis. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - McCurdy, T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 533 EP - 550 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - 0 KW - Lead KW - 2P299V784P KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Carbon Monoxide KW - 7U1EE4V452 KW - Nitrogen Dioxide KW - S7G510RUBH KW - Index Medicus KW - Carbon Monoxide -- pharmacology KW - Regression Analysis KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- analysis KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - Pulmonary Ventilation -- physiology KW - Carbon Monoxide -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Stochastic Processes KW - Ozone -- pharmacology KW - Algorithms KW - Child KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- pharmacology KW - Exercise -- physiology KW - Adult KW - Lead -- pharmacology KW - Time Factors KW - Lead -- analysis KW - Female KW - Male KW - Models, Biological KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75515939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Estimating+human+exposure+to+selected+motor+vehicle+pollutants+using+the+NEM+series+of+models%3A+lessons+to+be+learned.&rft.au=McCurdy%2C+T&rft.aulast=McCurdy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=533&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human exposure assessment: the birth of a new science. AN - 75492886; 8938244 AB - I am honored to have been selected to receive the 1995 Weselowski Award for Career Achievement in Exposure Assessment. When I think back to my friendship with Jerry Weselowski, I remember our discussions in 1991 about the need to define exposure rigorously and quantitatively. In fact, I sent Jerry a letter on that topic--the quantitative definition of exposure--on November 7, 1991. I think it is fitting, therefore, that I select one of the topics in my talk today from that letter. Jerry always welcomed full and open scientific debate and discussion, and I feel that the need to define exposure and to understand what it means is a topic of great importance in exposure assessment. I also want to offer some observations about the importance of our field for the public and the regulatory community and to suggest the directions that exposure assessment might take as it evolves as a profession. Finally, I hope to provide an up-to-date listing of some selected scientific papers that are relevant to our field. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Ott, W R AD - National Environmental Exposure Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 449 EP - 472 VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Index Medicus KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Terminology as Topic KW - Health Education KW - Models, Biological KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods KW - Environmental Exposure -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/75492886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Human+exposure+assessment%3A+the+birth+of+a+new+science.&rft.au=Ott%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Ott&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of the potential adverse properties of fluorescent tracer dyes used for groundwater tracing AN - 52479871; 1999-037712 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Field, Malcolm S AU - Wilhelm, Ronald G AU - Quinlan, James F AU - Aley, Thomas J Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 75 EP - 96 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - medical geology KW - dye tracers KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - solubility KW - ground water KW - bioaccumulation KW - aquifers KW - carcinogens KW - toxicity KW - fluorescence KW - chemical properties KW - hydrodynamics KW - risk assessment KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52479871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+the+potential+adverse+properties+of+fluorescent+tracer+dyes+used+for+groundwater+tracing&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S%3BWilhelm%2C+Ronald+G%3BQuinlan%2C+James+F%3BAley%2C+Thomas+J&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bioaccumulation; carcinogens; chemical composition; chemical properties; concentration; degradation; dye tracers; fluorescence; ground water; hydrodynamics; medical geology; migration of elements; monitoring; pollution; risk assessment; solubility; toxic materials; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory strategies for remediation of contaminated sediments AN - 50923589; 1999-031595 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Zar, Howard A2 - Demars, Kenneth R. A2 - Richardson, Gregory N. A2 - Yong, Raymond N. A2 - Chaney, Ronald C. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 319 EP - 328 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1293 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - Resource Conservation and Recovery Act KW - regulations KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - waste management KW - dredging KW - decontamination KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Great Lakes KW - Wisconsin KW - Ohio KW - North America KW - Minnesota KW - Illinois KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - preventive measures KW - dredged materials KW - aquifers KW - planning KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50923589?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=Regulatory+strategies+for+remediation+of+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Zar%2C+Howard&rft.aulast=Zar&rft.aufirst=Howard&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=1293&rft.issue=&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=0803120281&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Dredging, remediation, and containment of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; decision-making; decontamination; dredged materials; dredging; Great Lakes; ground water; Illinois; Indiana; legislation; Michigan; Minnesota; North America; Ohio; planning; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; regulations; remediation; Resource Conservation and Recovery Act; sediments; Superfund; United States; waste management; water quality; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - State of the art; CDF contaminant pathway control AN - 50921186; 1999-031586 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Richardson, G N AU - Petrovski, David M AU - Chaney, R C AU - Demars, K R A2 - Demars, Kenneth R. A2 - Richardson, Gregory N. A2 - Yong, Raymond N. A2 - Chaney, Ronald C. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 195 EP - 219 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1293 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - Great Lakes region KW - regulations KW - rivers and streams KW - waste disposal sites KW - bioavailability KW - ground water KW - dredging KW - transport KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - leachate KW - particulate materials KW - mobility KW - North America KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - aquifers KW - infiltration KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50921186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=State+of+the+art%3B+CDF+contaminant+pathway+control&rft.au=Richardson%2C+G+N%3BPetrovski%2C+David+M%3BChaney%2C+R+C%3BDemars%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Richardson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=1293&rft.issue=&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=0803120281&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Dredging, remediation, and containment of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bioavailability; drainage basins; dredging; effluents; Great Lakes region; ground water; infiltration; leachate; migration of elements; mobility; monitoring; North America; particulate materials; pollutants; pollution; regulations; rivers and streams; sediments; toxic materials; transport; waste disposal sites; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of bathymetry for sediment characterization at Indiana harbor AN - 50919619; 1999-031575 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Petrovski, David M A2 - Demars, Kenneth R. A2 - Richardson, Gregory N. A2 - Yong, Raymond N. A2 - Chaney, Ronald C. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 40 EP - 49 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1293 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - North America KW - concentration KW - Lake County Indiana KW - Global Positioning System KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - dredging KW - Lake Michigan KW - toxicity KW - decontamination KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - industrial waste KW - Great Lakes KW - bathymetry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50919619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=Use+of+bathymetry+for+sediment+characterization+at+Indiana+harbor&rft.au=Petrovski%2C+David+M&rft.aulast=Petrovski&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=1293&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=0803120281&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Dredging, remediation, and containment of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bathymetry; chemical waste; concentration; decontamination; dredging; Global Positioning System; Great Lakes; hazardous waste; Indiana; industrial waste; Lake County Indiana; Lake Michigan; monitoring; North America; pollutants; pollution; sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field demonstrations of sediment treatment technologies by the USEPA's Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments (ARCS) program AN - 50918457; 1999-031582 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Garbaciak, Stephen, Jr AU - Miller, Jan A A2 - Demars, Kenneth R. A2 - Richardson, Gregory N. A2 - Yong, Raymond N. A2 - Chaney, Ronald C. Y1 - 1995/10// PY - 1995 DA - October 1995 SP - 145 EP - 154 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1293 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - desorption KW - Buffalo River KW - reclamation KW - PCBs KW - remediation KW - Ashtabula River KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - drainage basins KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - depositional environment KW - Wisconsin KW - Grand Calumet River KW - programs KW - North America KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - thermal properties KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - lacustrine environment KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50918457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=Field+demonstrations+of+sediment+treatment+technologies+by+the+USEPA%27s+Assessment+and+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments+%28ARCS%29+program&rft.au=Garbaciak%2C+Stephen%2C+Jr%3BMiller%2C+Jan+A&rft.aulast=Garbaciak&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1995-10-01&rft.volume=1293&rft.issue=&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=0803120281&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Dredging, remediation, and containment of contaminated sediments N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ashtabula River; biodegradation; Buffalo River; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; depositional environment; desorption; drainage basins; Grand Calumet River; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; lacustrine environment; New York; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; programs; reclamation; remediation; risk assessment; Saginaw River; sediments; thermal properties; United States; water quality; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Zinc deficiency causes apoptosis but not cell cycle alterations in organogenesis-stage rat embryos: effect of varying duration of deficiency. AN - 77859007; 8638255 AB - Zinc deficiency is teratogenic in all species in which it has been examined. Zinc is an essential component of enzymes involved in DNA synthesis and cell proliferation, and may play an as yet undetermined role in apoptosis. To further our understanding of the role of zinc in normal development, we examined cell death and cell cycle parameters in embryos of pregnant rats fed a zinc-deficient diet for 2 to 10 days (0.5 microgram zinc/g diet; zinc-adequate diet was 25 micrograms zinc/g). To elucidate sensitive periods of development and susceptible cell populations, dams were fed the zinc-deficient diet from gestation day 1, 3, 7, or 9 and killed on day 11. Embryos were examined for morphology and developmental stage. From each litter, 2-3 embryos were stained with Nile blue sulfate (NBS) to visualize cell death, 3 embryos were frozen for flow cytometric cell cycle analysis and cell counts, and selected embryos were preserved for histological examination. Dams fed the zinc-deficient diet for more than 3 days reduced their food intake through gestation day 8 but increased food intake on day 9. Maternal plasma zinc dropped to 10-25% of control levels in the zinc-deficient groups. Zinc deficiency from gestation day 1 or 3 resulted in two categories of affected litters on day 11. One category had embryos which were morphologically normal but displayed extensive NBS staining in the visceral arches, neural tube, and somites. The second category had developmentally retarded or maldeveloped embryos which showed little NBS staining. Zinc deficiency from gestation day 7 produced cell death in the posterior dorsal midline in the area of premigratory neural crest cells, which was confirmed by histological examination. Zinc deficiency from gestation day 9 did not affect morphology or NBS staining. Percentages of cells in the G0/G1, S, and G2M phases of the cell cycle on gestation day 11, determined by flow cytometry, were similar to controls in all groups. This study shows that as few as 4 days of maternal zinc deficiency can produce excess embryonal cell death, and that neural crest cells may be particularly sensitive. JF - Teratology AU - Rogers, J M AU - Taubeneck, M W AU - Daston, G P AU - Sulik, K K AU - Zucker, R M AU - Elstein, K H AU - Jankowski, M A AU - Keen, C L AD - Developmental Biology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 149 EP - 159 VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Trace Elements KW - 0 KW - Zinc KW - J41CSQ7QDS KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Eating -- physiology KW - Fetal Viability KW - Body Weight -- physiology KW - Cell Survival KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Neural Crest -- pathology KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Pregnancy Complications -- physiopathology KW - Trace Elements -- blood KW - Zinc -- administration & dosage KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- abnormalities KW - Apoptosis -- drug effects KW - Zinc -- blood KW - Zinc -- deficiency KW - Cell Cycle -- drug effects KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77859007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Zinc+deficiency+causes+apoptosis+but+not+cell+cycle+alterations+in+organogenesis-stage+rat+embryos%3A+effect+of+varying+duration+of+deficiency.&rft.au=Rogers%2C+J+M%3BTaubeneck%2C+M+W%3BDaston%2C+G+P%3BSulik%2C+K+K%3BZucker%2C+R+M%3BElstein%2C+K+H%3BJankowski%2C+M+A%3BKeen%2C+C+L&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticides--the NAS report: how can the recommendations be implemented? AN - 77782262; 8549466 JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Fenner-Crisp, P A AD - Office of Pesticide Programs (7501C), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 159 EP - 162 VL - 103 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Infant KW - Information Systems KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - Food Analysis KW - Food Handling KW - Food Contamination KW - National Academy of Sciences (U.S.) KW - Child KW - Diet KW - Risk Assessment KW - Child, Preschool KW - Pesticide Residues -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77782262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Pesticides--the+NAS+report%3A+how+can+the+recommendations+be+implemented%3F&rft.au=Fenner-Crisp%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Fenner-Crisp&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The concern for developmental neurotoxicology: is it justified and what is being done about it? AN - 77782208; 8549464 AB - In general, it is believed that the possibility of an adverse developmental outcome following conception is relatively high. In most cases, the cause of the defect is not clear, although exposure to chemical agents at a critical period during development has been proposed to play a significant role. Consequently, regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) have promulgated testing guidelines for assessing developmental neurotoxicity of chemicals in animal testing protocols. Concerns have been expressed about the use of behavioral tests to evaluate chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity, since some investigators believe that they lack predictive validity for human developmental neurotoxicity. Other investigators have indicated that results from such studies are difficult to interpret because of a lack of standardization and sensitivity of the tests. Furthermore, it has been argued that the developing organism is not especially sensitive to chemicals or, if effects are observed, the developing organism is capable of compensating for the deficit. Recent research, however, has adequately demonstrated that developing organisms are especially vulnerable to chemical agents if the exposure occurs at a critical period during development, while other studies have supported the assumption that functional or behavioral effects observed in animal models can be extrapolated to humans. These findings support the routine assessment of chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity using functional end points and suggest that currently available methods could be used to determine more precisely the mechanism of chemical-induced developmental defects. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), HERL/EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 147 EP - 151 VL - 103 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Neurotoxins -- poisoning KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- poisoning KW - Nervous System -- embryology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77782208?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=The+concern+for+developmental+neurotoxicology%3A+is+it+justified+and+what+is+being+done+about+it%3F&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Can J Neurol Sci. 1974 May;1(2):143-50 [4373158] Neurotoxicology. 1991 Winter;12(4):677-86 [1795895] Chem Biol Interact. 1976 Jan;12(1):13-8 [1248054] Environ Health Perspect. 1976 Dec;18:79-83 [71232] Teratology. 1979 Jun;19(3):327-36 [89707] Toxicol Lett. 1981 Jan;7(3):233-8 [7222099] Neurotoxicology. 1981 Oct;2(2):283-96 [7198757] Neurotoxicology. 1982 Jul;3(1):64-71 [6890190] Fertil Steril. 1985 Sep;44(3):366-74 [4029425] Adv Pediatr. 1986;33:225-68 [3541532] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1988;19(1):1-10 [3056655] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1989;19(3):251-339 [2653734] Neurotoxicology. 1989 Winter;10(4):645-50 [2562538] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):175-81 [2196418] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):261-7 [2115099] Fed Proc. 1975 Aug;34(9):1835-44 [1097268] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Children--unique and vulnerable. Environmental risks facing children and recommendations for response. AN - 77782161; 8549460 AB - Children may be more susceptible to exposures to environmental toxins than adults and may be more vulnerable to their effects. Because of this, the health care community and those responsible for children need to be alert to possible environmental factors in identifying and responding to the health problems of children. Their focus should be on the causes of the health problem, emphasizing environmental sources, and not on simply treating the symptoms. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Goldman, L R AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 13 EP - 18 VL - 103 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Illness -- prevention & control KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Lead Poisoning KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Child KW - Diet KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77782161?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Children--unique+and+vulnerable.+Environmental+risks+facing+children+and+recommendations+for+response.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Pediatr Clin North Am. 1992 Dec;39(6):1225-41 [1437317] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):386-7 [8119246] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Jun;126(2):276-85 [8209380] Pediatr Clin North Am. 1992 Dec;39(6):1185-203 [1437315] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1994 Nov;129(1):46-52 [7974495] J Pediatr. 1980 Nov;97(5):861-5 [7431184] Pediatrics. 1994 Jul;94(1):94-7 [8008546] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Associations between criteria air pollutants and asthma. AN - 77780864; 8549479 AB - The evidence that asthma is increasing in prevalence is becoming increasingly compelling. This trend has been demonstrated not only in the United States, but also in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Australia, and several other Western countries. In the United States, the increase is largest in the group under 18 years of age. There is mounting evidence that certain environmental air pollutants are involved in exacerbating asthma. This is based primarily on epidemiologic studies and more recent clinical studies. The U.S. Clean Air Act of 1970 provides special consideration to the class of outdoor air pollutants referred to as criteria pollutants, including O3, sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter (PM), NOx, CO, and Pb. Standards for these pollutants are set by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency with particular concern for populations at risk. Current evidence suggests that asthmatics are more sensitive to the effects of O3, SO2, PM, and NO2, and are therefore at risk. High SO2 and particulate concentrations have been associated with short-term increases in morbidity and mortality in the general population during dramatic air pollution episodes in the past. Controlled exposure studies have clearly shown that asthmatics are sensitive to low levels of SO2. Exercising asthmatics exposed to SO2 develop bronchoconstriction within minutes, even at levels of 0.25 ppm. Responses are modified by air temperature, humidity, and exercise level. Recent epidemiologic studies have suggested that exposure to PM is strongly associated with morbidity and mortality in the general population and that hospital admissions for bronchitis and asthma were associated with PM10 levels. In controlled clinical studies, asthmatics appear to be no more reactive to aerosols than healthy subjects. Consequently, it is difficult to attribute the increased mortality observed in epidemiologic studies to specific effects demonstrated in controlled human studies. Epidemiologic studies of hospital admissions for asthma have implicated O3 as contributing to the exacerbation of asthma; however, most study designs could not separate the O3 effects from the concomitant effects of acid aerosols and SO2. Controlled human clinical studies have suggested that asthmatics have similar changes in spirometry and airway reactivity in response to O3 exposure compared to healthy adults. However, a possible role of O3 in worsening atopic asthma has recently been suggested in studies combining allergen challenge following exposure to O3. Attempts at identification of factors that predispose asthmatics to responsiveness to NO2 has produced inconsistent results and requires further investigation. In summary, asthmatics have been shown to be a sensitive subpopulation relative to several of the criteria pollutants. Further research linking epidemiologic, clinical, and toxicologic approaches is required to better understand and characterize the risk of exposing asthmatics to these pollutants. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Koren, H S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7315, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 235 EP - 242 VL - 103 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Sulfur Dioxide KW - 0UZA3422Q4 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Nitrogen Dioxide KW - S7G510RUBH KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- analysis KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Environmental Health -- standards KW - Adolescent KW - Asthma -- etiology KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77780864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Associations+between+criteria+air+pollutants+and+asthma.&rft.au=Koren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Koren&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Immunol. 1988 Jun 15;140(12):4193-8 [2967330] J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1988 Oct;82(4):527-34 [3170998] J Immunol. 1988 Oct 1;141(7):2335-41 [2459206] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1989 Jan;66(1):217-22 [2917924] Am J Public Health. 1989 May;79(5):623-8 [2495741] Environ Health Perspect. 1989 Feb;79:69-72 [2785033] Toxicol Ind Health. 1986 Sep;2(3):289-98 [3787660] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1986 Dec;134(6):1203-8 [3789520] Arch Environ Health. 1986 Sep-Oct;41(5):292-6 [3800432] Environ Res. 1987 Aug;43(2):317-31 [3608935] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Nov;136(5):1127-34 [3674575] Arch Environ Health. 1988 May-Jun;43(3):242-6 [3289507] Science. 1988 Sep 16;241(4872):1473-5 [3420404] Adv Immunol. 1989;46:111-47 [2528896] Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Jan;131(1):185-94 [2403468] Int Arch Allergy Appl Immunol. 1989;90 Suppl 1:3-10 [2613351] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Feb;141(2):377-80 [2301855] Thorax. 1970 Sep;25(5):525-39 [5489175] Arch Environ Health. 1972 Feb;24(2):115-28 [4621425] Am J Pathol. 1973 Feb;70(2):175-98 [4566990] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1974 Oct;35(10):589-97 [4417390] Nature. 1975 Sep 4;257(5521):50-1 [1161004] J Clin Invest. 1976 Feb;57(2):301-7 [943420] Exp Mol Pathol. 1976 Oct;25(2):182-8 [992013] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 May;117(5):835-43 [655490] Environ Res. 1978 Apr;15(2):199-205 [668652] Arch Environ Health. 1978 Jul-Aug;33(4):176-80 [686843] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 Sep;118(3):497-510 [707878] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1978 Dec;118(6):1061-90 [369411] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979 Aug;120(2):319-27 [475153] Environ Res. 1979 Aug;19(2):495-503 [499161] Environ Res. 1979 Aug;19(2):504-15 [499162] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1979 Nov;120(5):1059-67 [507522] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1980 Jan;121(1):3-10 [7352711] Environ Res. 1980 Jun;22(1):145-53 [7418673] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1980 Dec;122(6):873-8 [7458061] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1982 Jun;125(6):627-31 [7091868] Arch Environ Health. 1982 Jul-Aug;37(4):213-20 [7114901] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Jan;127(1):51-5 [6849550] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Mar;127(3):278-83 [6830051] J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1983 Mar;54(3):730-9 [6341338] Arch Environ Health. 1983 Mar-Apr;38(2):104-15 [6847251] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Aug;128(2):221-5 [6881680] Toxicol Ind Health. 1990 Mar;6(2):247-62 [2192479] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1990 Sep;142(3):594-601 [2202248] Arch Environ Health. 1991 Mar-Apr;46(2):90-7 [2006899] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991 Apr;143(4 Pt 1):744-50 [2008986] Am J Public Health. 1991 Jun;81(6):694-702 [1851397] Lancet. 1991 Jul 27;338(8761):199-203 [1676776] Immunol Today. 1991 Aug;12(8):256-7 [1680337] Am J Epidemiol. 1992 Jan 1;135(1):12-9; discussion 20-5 [1736656] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1992 Mar;145(3):600-4 [1546841] J Air Waste Manage Assoc. 1992 May;42(5):662-71 [1627322] Environ Health Perspect. 1992 Jul;97:77-83 [1327740] Aust J Public Health. 1992 Sep;16(3):245-50 [1482716] Annu Rev Public Health. 1993;14:491-513 [8323600] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Apr;100:45-56 [8354181] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1993 Nov;148(5):1258-65 [8239162] Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1994 Aug;150(2):431-40 [8049826] Proc R Soc Med. 1964 Oct;57:SUPPL:969-75 [14212573] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Sep;128(3):444-50 [6614638] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1983 Oct;128(4):592-6 [6354021] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1983 Oct-Dec;12(4-6):815-26 [6668625] Arch Environ Health. 1984 Jan-Feb;39(1):34-42 [6370145] Am Ind Hyg Assoc J. 1984 Mar;45(3):156-61 [6372425] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Jan;131(1):36-40 [3966712] Environ Res. 1985 Feb;36(1):67-80 [3967645] Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1985 Mar 30;290(6473):957-60 [3919868] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1985 Jun;5(3):451-8 [3891479] J Appl Physiol (1985). 1985 Jun;58(6):1783-7 [4008400] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1985 Sep;132(3):648-51 [4037538] Arch Environ Health. 1985 Jul-Aug;40(4):234-9 [4051580] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1987 Dec;136(6):1486-508 [3318602] Am Rev Respir Dis. 1988 Feb;137(2):313-20 [3341625] J Immunol. 1988 Feb 15;140(4):1022-7 [3125247] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical contaminants in human milk: an overview. AN - 77780815; 8549474 AB - This review contains a succinct overview of the nature and extent of the problem of contamination of human milk with environmental and occupational chemicals, excluding drugs. Factors influencing the levels of contaminants in breast milk are discussed. Also, data on major chemicals of concern with potential health risk(s) to the general population and risk-benefit considerations are dealt with briefly. Based on the available data on the subject, research needs have been identified and policy recommendations are suggested. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Sonawane, B R AD - Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 197 EP - 205 VL - 103 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Food Contamination KW - Pesticide Residues -- analysis KW - Female KW - Milk, Human -- chemistry KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77780815?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Chemical+contaminants+in+human+milk%3A+an+overview.&rft.au=Sonawane%2C+B+R&rft.aulast=Sonawane&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Environ Health. 1985 Mar-Apr;40(2):102-8 [4004342] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Feb;59:5-10 [3921364] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1985 Aug;35(2):202-8 [4027424] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1985;16(2):105-56 [3002722] Am J Public Health. 1986 Feb;76(2):172-7 [3080910] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1986 Feb;12(1):51-4 [3485819] Anal Chem. 1986 Feb;58(2):463-8 [3963398] Sci Total Environ. 1987 Jul;64(3):259-93 [3110947] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1988 Jan;17(1):55-63 [3122671] Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 May;47(5):815-21 [2834941] Science. 1988 Jul 15;241(4863):334-6 [3133768] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1988 Oct;41(4):475-82 [3224165] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1991 Jun;13(3):228-40 [1947235] J Ark Med Soc. 1992 Apr;88(11):553-7 [1644709] Pediatr Pol. 1971 Feb;46(2):183-8 [5553863] J Pediatr. 1972 Mar;80(3):401-5 [4110556] Kurume Med J. 1972;19(1):43-51 [4481651] Nature. 1973 Mar 30;242(5396):338-40 [4121534] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1973 Aug;10(2):108-11 [4201380] Pediatrics. 1974 Feb;53(2):137-41 [4405882] Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi. 1974 Feb;28(6):543-7 [4471869] Taiwan Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi. 1976 Aug;75(8):463-70 [1068219] Am J Clin Nutr. 1977 Jul;30(7):1106-9 [69397] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1977 Aug;18(2):205-9 [890156] Lancet. 1978 Sep 23;2(8091):643-6 [80575] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1979 Feb;21(3):381-7 [109148] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1979 May 31;320:284-94 [222186] Pestic Monit J. 1979 Sep;13(2):52-5 [514794] J Pediatr. 1981 Jan;98(1):47-51 [6256513] Am J Epidemiol. 1981 Apr;113(4):413-22 [7211826] Acta Paediatr Scand. 1981;70(3):281-4 [7246122] Food Cosmet Toxicol. 1981 Aug;19(4):437-42 [6792018] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1981 Oct;27(4):506-11 [7306714] N Engl J Med. 1982 Aug 12;307(7):439 [7088119] Arch Neurol. 1982 Dec;39(12):744-9 [7138315] Hawaii Med J. 1982 Sep;41(9):250-1 [7174300] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1982 Nov;29(5):566-9 [7150805] Am J Public Health. 1983 Mar;73(3):281-5 [6297321] J Appl Toxicol. 1981 Aug;1(4):210-4 [6892222] Sci Total Environ. 1983 Jun;28:327-42 [6879155] J Clin Hosp Pharm. 1983 Sep;8(3):289-93 [6630567] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1983 Nov;12(6):739-46 [6651347] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1984 Feb;32(2):125-33 [6322887] Br J Dermatol. 1984 Oct;111(4):413-22 [6487543] Food Chem Toxicol. 1984 Sep;22(9):721-4 [6541625] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1984;13(4-6):689-704 [6436503] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1985 May;34(5):661-7 [4005445] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrition and lead: strategies for public health. AN - 77774671; 8549473 JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Mahaffey, K R AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 191 EP - 196 VL - 103 Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Calcium, Dietary KW - 0 KW - Dietary Fats KW - Iron KW - E1UOL152H7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Eating KW - Public Health KW - Iron -- administration & dosage KW - Humans KW - Calcium, Dietary -- administration & dosage KW - Adult KW - Dietary Fats -- administration & dosage KW - Child KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lead Poisoning -- prevention & control KW - Nutritional Physiological Phenomena UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77774671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Nutrition+and+lead%3A+strategies+for+public+health.&rft.au=Mahaffey%2C+K+R&rft.aulast=Mahaffey&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1978 Dec;46(3):651-61 [746552] JAMA. 1994 Jul 27;272(4):284-91 [8028141] Lancet. 1980 Aug 2;2(8188):236-7 [6105398] Am J Clin Nutr. 1980 Aug;33(8):1784-8 [7405881] N Engl J Med. 1982 Sep 2;307(10):573-9 [7110203] Am J Clin Nutr. 1982 Nov;36(5):823-9 [6814228] J Pediatr. 1982 Dec;101(6):948-52 [6183419] Hum Toxicol. 1982 Oct;1(4):411-5 [7173926] Environ Res. 1983 Feb;30(1):188-94 [6687570] J Biol Chem. 1985 Jun 10;260(11):6816-9 [3997849] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Nov;89:75-8 [2088758] J Lab Clin Med. 1970 Dec;76(6):933-42 [5485382] J Lab Clin Med. 1972 Jan;79(1):128-36 [5007557] J Lab Clin Med. 1973 Jul;82(1):92-100 [4352267] J Pediatr. 1976 Mar;88(3):372-81 [1107503] Postgrad Med J. 1975 Nov;51(601):795-800 [1208288] Arch Environ Health. 1977 Jul-Aug;32(4):160-4 [889354] J Lab Clin Med. 1977 Oct;90(4):700-6 [903699] J Pediatr. 1978 Jan;92(1):21-5 [338872] Pediatr Res. 1978 Jan;12(1):29-34 [643372] J Lab Clin Med. 1978 Oct;92(4):536-47 [712193] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1978 Oct;20(4):561-7 [719204] Environ Health Perspect. 1991 Feb;91:17-32 [2040247] Blood. 1992 Jan 1;79(1):244-7 [1728312] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 May;114(1):63-70 [1585373] Calcif Tissue Int. 1992 May;50(5):451-8 [1596781] J Nutr. 1992 Jul;122(7):1351-60 [1619463] J Pediatr. 1992 Nov;121(5 Pt 1):695-703 [1432416] Biochim Biophys Acta. 1992 Dec 10;1180(2):187-94 [1463769] MMWR CDC Surveill Summ. 1992 Nov 27;41(7):1-24 [1484523] MMWR CDC Surveill Summ. 1992 Nov 27;41(7):25-41 [1484524] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1993 Jan-Feb;15(1):27-35 [8459785] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1993 Jan-Feb;15(1):37-44 [8459787] Am J Vet Res. 1993 May;54(5):808-12 [8391232] Brain Res. 1993 Jul 30;618(1):9-18 [8402182] Lancet. 1994 Jun 11;343(8911):1445 [7911171] Lancet. 1994 Jun 11;343(8911):1454-9 [7911176] N Engl J Med. 1994 Jul 21;331(3):141-7 [8008027] Lancet. 1994 Jul 9;344(8915):107-10 [7912349] N Engl J Med. 1994 Jul 28;331(4):228-33 [8015569] JAMA. 1994 Jul 27;272(4):277-83 [8028140] Environ Res. 1979 Apr;18(2):369-76 [583140] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bronchoscopic determination of ozone uptake in humans. AN - 77725415; 8567528 AB - Measurements of ozone uptake efficiency in the human respiratory tract provide critical information toward understanding ozone dose-response characteristics. We measured ozone uptake efficiency by different regions of the respiratory tract between the mouth and bronchus intermedius in 10 healthy, resting, nonsmoking male and female subjects. The distal end of a bronchoscope was sequentially positioned at the bronchus intermedius (BI), main carina (CAR), upper trachea, and above the vocal cords. Ozone concentration was measured continuously at each sight using a rapid-responding ozone analyzer. During sampling subjects breathed through a mouthpiece connected to a pneumotachograph at a paced rate of 12 breaths/min. Integration of the product of the flow and ozone concentrations during inspiration and expiration provided the ozone mass passing each anatomic location during each phase of respiration. On inspiration the uptake efficiencies of ozone by structures between the mouth and each location j (Em-j) were 0.176 +/- 0.037 (SE), 0.271 +/- 0.024, 0.355 +/- 0.030, and 0.325 +/- 0.031 for above the vocal cords, upper trachea, CAR, and BI, respectively. A significant effect of location on Em-j was found by analysis of variance (P < 0.0002). Pairwise comparisons showed that Em-j increased as the lung penetration increased except between CAR and BI, which was not significantly different. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Gerrity, T R AU - Biscardi, F AU - Strong, A AU - Garlington, A R AU - Brown, J S AU - Bromberg, P A AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency Clinical Research Branch, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 852 EP - 860 VL - 79 IS - 3 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Oxidants, Photochemical KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Adolescent KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Male KW - Female KW - Bronchoscopy KW - Oxidants, Photochemical -- pharmacokinetics KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Ozone -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77725415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Bronchoscopic+determination+of+ozone+uptake+in+humans.&rft.au=Gerrity%2C+T+R%3BBiscardi%2C+F%3BStrong%2C+A%3BGarlington%2C+A+R%3BBrown%2C+J+S%3BBromberg%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Gerrity&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=852&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of estrogen, progesterone, and methoxychlor on surgically induced endometriosis in rats. AN - 77682108; 8529825 AB - Endometriosis is a disease of women where endometrial tissue is found growing at ectopic sites. While evidence suggesting a role for the ovarian hormones in endometriosis exists, no complete studies of the roles of estrogen and progesterone have heretofore been performed. Also, if estrogen has a role in the growth and/or maintenance of endometriosis, it is likely that the proestrogenic pesticide, methoxychlor (MXC), might also have such an effect. Sixty rats underwent surgery on Day 0 to induce endometriosis. On Day 21, all rats were ovariectomized. During surgery, the diameters of all endometriotic implants (which were fully developed) were measured. Starting on Day 21, groups of rats were treated daily, for 3 weeks, with (a) vehicle (b) estrone, 1 micrograms/rat, E;(c) progesterone, 2 mg/rat, P; (d) E + P, 1 micrograms + 2 mg; (e) MXC, 250 mg/kg; or (f) MXC + P, 250 mg/kg + 2 mg/rat. On Day 42, all rats were killed, and the diameters of all endometriotic sites were measured. While no differences in diameter were found across groups prior to ovariectomy, ovariectomy plus treatment altered the growth of endometriosis tissue. Progesterone and vehicle treatments produced results that were identical: regression of endometriotic sites. Both estrogen and MXC treatments maintained endometriotic site size at a level greater than that in the vehicle-treated group. The combination of progesterone with either estrone or MXC did not alter the effect of either chemical. We conclude that while estrogen promotes the growth of endometriosis, progesterone either produces regression or fails to maintain the sites. MXC, at a relatively high dose, supports the development of endometriosis. Concurrent progesterone treatment does not modulate the effects of estrone or MXC. These results suggest that exposure of women to high doses of MXC may exacerbate the development of endometriosis or contribute to its recurrence. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Cummings, A M AU - Metcalf, J L AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, HERL, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 287 EP - 290 VL - 27 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Estrone KW - 2DI9HA706A KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Methoxychlor KW - RIA79UD69L KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Ovariectomy KW - Female KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Progesterone -- toxicity KW - Endometriosis -- pathology KW - Endometriosis -- chemically induced KW - Estrone -- toxicity KW - Methoxychlor -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77682108?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+estrogen%2C+progesterone%2C+and+methoxychlor+on+surgically+induced+endometriosis+in+rats.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BMetcalf%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-02-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-02-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships of dioxins and dioxin-like compounds: model validation and Ah receptor characterization. AN - 77676844; 7492734 AB - In the present study we have utilized comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship paradigm, to explore the physico-chemical requirements for binding to the Ah (dioxin) receptor. Recent developments by Gillner et al. [(1993) Mol. Pharmacol. 44, 336-345] prompted us to review and revise our previous CoMFA/QSAR model [Waller, C. L., and McKinney, J. D. (1992) J. Med. Chem. 36, 3660-3666] to include a structurally-diverse training set of Ah receptor ligands ranging in size from naphthalene to indolo[3,2-b]carbazole nuclei. An exhaustive validation process utilizing external test sets and hierarchical cluster analysis routines was employed during model construction and is discussed herein. The limitations of the approach presented herein are discussed with respect to predictive ability of the CoMFA/QSAR models, which is demonstrated to be dependent on a balance between structural diversity and redundancy in the molecules comprising the training set. The results of our modified CoMFA/QSAR model are consistent with and unify all previously established structure-activity relationships established for less structurally-diverse training sets of Ah receptor ligands. As a result of the more complete nature of the series of molecules under examination in the present study, the CoMFA/QSAR steric and electrostatic field contour plots as well as the essential and excluded volume plots provide for a more detailed characterization of the molecular binding domain of the Ah receptor. The implications of the CoMFA/QSAR model presented herein are explored with respect to quantitative hazard identification of potential toxicants. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Waller, C L AU - McKinney, J D AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 847 EP - 858 VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Index Medicus KW - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Binding Sites KW - Dioxins -- chemistry KW - Models, Molecular KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77676844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+quantitative+structure-activity+relationships+of+dioxins+and+dioxin-like+compounds%3A+model+validation+and+Ah+receptor+characterization.&rft.au=Waller%2C+C+L%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=847&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory and research issues related to cholinesterase inhibition. AN - 77588735; 7482556 AB - Assessing the neurotoxic potential of organophosphate and carbamate pesticides should be greatly facilitated by the knowledge that the mechanism of action of these insecticides is presumed to be the inhibition of cholinesterase, the enzyme which controls the levels of neurotransmitter, acetycholine. Although the inhibition of cholinesterase activity is the recognized mechanism of action, many questions remain regarding the use of cholinesterase inhibition data as a critical effect for establishing risk of cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. Specifically, questions have arisen regarding whether blood cholinesterase inhibition correlates with inhibition in target tissues (e.g. brain or muscle) and whether cholinesterase inhibition in any tissue correlates with the adverse clinical and behavioral effects produced by exposure to cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. Studies in our laboratory indicate that blood cholinesterase inhibition in both acute and subchronic dosing regimens correlates with inhibition in other tissues, if measurements are taken at the appropriate times. Moreover, there is evidence in the literature and from our laboratory that cholinesterase inhibition correlates with the emergence and severity of clinical signs of poisoning by cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticides. JF - Toxicology AU - Padilla, S AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09/01/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Sep 01 SP - 215 EP - 220 VL - 102 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carbamates KW - 0 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Insecticides KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Risk Assessment KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Pesticides -- toxicity KW - Carbamates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77588735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Regulatory+and+research+issues+related+to+cholinesterase+inhibition.&rft.au=Padilla%2C+S&rft.aulast=Padilla&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-12-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of quantitative modelling in methylene chloride risk assessment. AN - 77586306; 7482565 AB - The benefits of basing quantitative risk assessment on measures of 'internal dose', i.e. target organ exposures as estimated, for instance, by pharmacokinetic models, have been extensively discussed. Recasting risk assessment methods at the level of internal dose raises novel issues, however, some of which are explored by examining the 1987 revision by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) of its cancer risk assessment for inhaled methylene chloride, which was based on the 1987 pharmacokinetic model results of Andersen and coworkers. The internal dose measure was the daily amount of methylene chloride metabolized by a glutathione-S-transferase pathway per 1 of target organ (liver and lung). Owing to high-dose saturation of a competing detoxification reaction, this metabolic activation is less-than-proportionally active at low exposure levels. For a given inhalation exposure, humans have relatively less metabolic activation than do mice, but this is shown to be a foreseeable consequence of their relatively lower breathing rate, a cross-species difference already accounted for in standard EPA methodology. Indeed, many species differences in the rates and tempos of physiological processes evince regular 'scaling' relationships across differently sized mammals. EPA's practice of scaling carcinogen doses by body surface area for cross-species extrapolation, often viewed as a correction for metabolic activation, is shown to be more reasonably regarded as an accommodation for the more general species variation in the pace of physiological processes underlying both pharmacokinetics and the carcinogenic response to internal doses. Under this view, the issue of cross-species dose scaling is not obviated by the use of pharmacokinetics. JF - Toxicology AU - Rhomberg, L AD - Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09/01/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Sep 01 SP - 95 EP - 114 VL - 102 IS - 1-2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Methylene Chloride KW - 588X2YUY0A KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Species Specificity KW - Risk Assessment KW - Methylene Chloride -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Methylene Chloride -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Methylene Chloride -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Biological UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77586306?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+quantitative+modelling+in+methylene+chloride+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Rhomberg%2C+L&rft.aulast=Rhomberg&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-12-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-12-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The application of dosimetry models to identify key processes and parameters for default dose-response assessment approaches. AN - 77577053; 7570654 AB - Mathematical dosimetry models should improve the accuracy of various extrapolations required in dose-response assessment because they include explicit descriptions of the major mechanistic determinants of the exposure-dose-response continuum. The availability of these anatomic and physiologic parameters for different mammalian species (including humans) and the physicochemical parameters for individual chemicals is an important consideration in the formulation of model structures and the application of simplifying assumptions to develop default models. A framework is presented that includes iterative development of model structures as more data become available. Development of the default dosimetry adjustments for interspecies extrapolation used in the inhalation reference concentration (RfC) methods of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is discussed as an example of iterative model development, a process intended to ensure that model structures are commensurate with available data. The framework also aids evaluation of different model structures and can be applied to identify key parameters. Examples are provided to illustrate how insight on the key mechanistic determinants of exposure-dose-response can guide interpretation of data in the absence of comprehensive model structures, identify gaps in the database for a given chemical, or direct data gathering for chemicals that are yet to enter production. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Jarabek, A M AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office (MD-52), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 171 EP - 184 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Species Specificity KW - Risk Assessment KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Hazardous Substances -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Biological KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77577053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=The+application+of+dosimetry+models+to+identify+key+processes+and+parameters+for+default+dose-response+assessment+approaches.&rft.au=Jarabek%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Jarabek&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment and research: an essential link. AN - 77576907; 7570653 AB - Regulatory agencies, such as the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, use health risk assessment information in developing pollution control regulations and for setting regulatory and research priorities. The risk assessment process, however, is hampered by limitations in test methods, in models for exposure and dose-response, and by chemical-specific data gaps. The research/risk assessment/risk management framework provides opportunities for targeting and coordinating research to address these limitations. Enhanced communication among researchers, risk assessors and risk managers to foster better development and use of scientific information in decision making, and incentives for interdisciplinary research efforts, are needed. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Vandenberg, J J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 17 EP - 22 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77576907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+and+research%3A+an+essential+link.&rft.au=Vandenberg%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Vandenberg&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative structure-activity relationships and ecological risk assessment: an overview of predictive aquatic toxicology research. AN - 77575564; 7570660 AB - In the field of aquatic toxicology, quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) have developed as scientifically credible tools for predicting the toxicity of chemicals when little or no empirical data are available. A fundamental understanding of toxicological principles has been considered an important component to the acceptance and application of QSAR approaches as biologically relevant in ecological risk assessments. As a consequence, there has been an evolution of QSAR development and application from that of a chemical-class perspective to one that is more consistent with assumptions regarding modes of toxic action. In this review, techniques to assess modes of toxic action from chemical structure are discussed, with consideration that toxicodynamic knowledge bases must be clearly defined with regard to exposure regimes, biological models/endpoints and compounds that adequately span the diversity of chemicals anticipated for future applications. With such knowledge bases, classification systems, including rule-based expert systems, have been established for use in predictive aquatic toxicology applications. The establishment of QSAR techniques that are based on an understanding of toxic mechanisms is needed to provide a link to physiologically based toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic models, which can provide the means to extrapolate adverse effects across species and exposure regimes. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Bradbury, S P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, MN 55804, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 229 EP - 237 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Ecology KW - Animals KW - Cyprinidae KW - Databases, Factual KW - Models, Chemical KW - Time Factors KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants -- classification KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77575564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Quantitative+structure-activity+relationships+and+ecological+risk+assessment%3A+an+overview+of+predictive+aquatic+toxicology+research.&rft.au=Bradbury%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Bradbury&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of structure-activity relationship rules for predicting carcinogenic potential of chemicals. AN - 77575331; 7570659 AB - Since the inception of Section 5 (Premanufacturing/Premarketing Notification, PMN) of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA), structure-activity relationship (SAR) analysis has been effectively used by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Structure Activity Team (SAT) in the assessment of potential carcinogenic hazard of new chemicals for which test data are not available. To capture, systematize and codify the Agency's predictive expertise in order to make it more widely available to assessors outside the TSCA program, a cooperative project was initiated to develop a knowledge rule-based expert system to mimic the thinking and reasoning of the SAT. In this communication, we describe the overall structure of this expert system, discuss the scientific bases and principles of SAR analysis of chemical carcinogens used in the development of SAR knowledge rules, and delineate the major factors/rules useful for assessing the carcinogenic potential of fibers, polymers, metals/metalloids and several major classes of organic chemicals. An integrative approach using available short-term predictive tests and non-cancer toxicological data to supplement SAR analysis has also been described. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Woo, Y T AU - Lai, D Y AU - Argus, M F AU - Arcos, J C AD - Health and Environmental Review Division (7403), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 219 EP - 228 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Carcinogens -- chemistry KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Expert Systems KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77575331?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Development+of+structure-activity+relationship+rules+for+predicting+carcinogenic+potential+of+chemicals.&rft.au=Woo%2C+Y+T%3BLai%2C+D+Y%3BArgus%2C+M+F%3BArcos%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Woo&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of effect levels of chemicals from quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models. I. Chronic lowest-observed-adverse-effect level (LOAEL). AN - 77575251; 7570650 AB - With the multitude of new chemicals being synthesized and the paucity of long-term test data on chemicals that could be introduced into the environment, innovative approaches must be developed to determine the health and environmental effects of chemicals. Research was conducted to employ quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) techniques to study the feasibility of developing models to estimate the noncarcinogenic toxicity of chemicals that are not addressed in the literature by relevant studies. A database of lowest-observed-adverse effect level (LOAEL) was assembled by extracting toxicity information from 104 U.S. EPA documents, 124 National Cancer Institute/National Toxicology Program (NCI/NTP) reports, and 6 current reports from the literature. A regression model, based on 234 chemicals of diverse structures and chemical classes including both alicyclic and aromatic compounds, was developed to assess the chronic oral LOAELs in rats. The model was incorporated into an automated computer package. Initial testing of this model indicates it has application to a wide range of chemicals. For about 55% of the compounds in the data set, the estimated LOAELs are within a factor of 2 of the observed LOAELs. For over 93%, they are within a factor of 5. Because of the paucity or absence of long-term toxicity data, the public health and risk assessment community could utilize such QSAR models to determine initial estimates of toxicity for the ever-increasing numbers of chemicals that lack complete pertinent data. However, this and other such models should be used only by expert toxicologists who must objectively look at the estimates thus generated in light of the overall weight of evidence of the available toxicologic information of the subject chemical(s). JF - Toxicology letters AU - Mumtaz, M M AU - Knauf, L A AU - Reisman, D J AU - Peirano, W B AU - DeRosa, C T AU - Gombar, V K AU - Enslein, K AU - Carter, J R AU - Blake, B W AU - Huque, K I AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 131 EP - 143 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Feasibility Studies KW - Computer Simulation KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Databases, Factual KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Statistical KW - Time Factors KW - Risk Assessment KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77575251?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+effect+levels+of+chemicals+from+quantitative+structure-activity+relationship+%28QSAR%29+models.+I.+Chronic+lowest-observed-adverse-effect+level+%28LOAEL%29.&rft.au=Mumtaz%2C+M+M%3BKnauf%2C+L+A%3BReisman%2C+D+J%3BPeirano%2C+W+B%3BDeRosa%2C+C+T%3BGombar%2C+V+K%3BEnslein%2C+K%3BCarter%2C+J+R%3BBlake%2C+B+W%3BHuque%2C+K+I&rft.aulast=Mumtaz&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of computational chemistry in support of hazard identification (ID): mechanism-based SARs. AN - 77575089; 7570648 AB - A mechanism-based structure-activity relationship (SAR) study examines the structural basis for a chemical/biological activity by targeting a single or a few stages in a postulated mechanism of action. Computational chemistry approaches provide a valuable complement to experiment for probing such associations, but require a highly focused viewpoint that neglects much of the full biological and chemical interaction problem. Research questions are formulated in terms of fundamental structure and reactivity properties and are designed to test key assumptions of a postulated mechanism of activity. The results of such studies can aid in the generation of new hypotheses, suggest new experiments, and provide scientific rationale for extrapolation in hazard identification (ID). Toxicologists and computational chemists bring very different, yet complementary viewpoints, approaches, and expertise to bear on the hazard ID problem. However, improved communication and interaction between these two groups is needed to most productively address hazard ID issues. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Richard, A M AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory (MD-68), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 115 EP - 122 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Chemical KW - Risk Assessment KW - Computer Simulation KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77575089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=Role+of+computational+chemistry+in+support+of+hazard+identification+%28ID%29%3A+mechanism-based+SARs.&rft.au=Richard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The new chemicals process at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): structure-activity relationships for hazard identification and risk assessment. AN - 77574966; 7570675 AB - Section 5 of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) does not require any toxicity testing as a prerequisite for submission of a Premanufacturing Notice (PMN) for a new chemical. In order to compensate for the lack of actual test data, a process involving structure-activity relationships (SAR) for assessing hazard potential was constructed. The hazard assessment is then coupled with an estimation of potential exposure to determine potential risk. This process involves the use of multiple interdisciplinary teams that work within a 90-day time frame to complete approximately 2000 risk assessments per year. JF - Toxicology letters AU - Wagner, P M AU - Nabholz, J V AU - Kent, R J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxic Health, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 67 EP - 73 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Risk Assessment KW - Legislation as Topic KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- standards KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77574966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+letters&rft.atitle=The+new+chemicals+process+at+the+Environmental+Protection+Agency+%28EPA%29%3A+structure-activity+relationships+for+hazard+identification+and+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Wagner%2C+P+M%3BNabholz%2C+J+V%3BKent%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Wagner&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 32P-postlabeling and HPLC separation of DNA adducts formed by diesel exhaust extracts in vitro and in mouse skin and lung after topical treatment. AN - 77568125; 7554058 AB - Diesel exhaust extracts contain many carcinogenic compounds which have been shown to form polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)- and nitrated PAH-DNA adducts in rodent skin and lung. The aim of this study was to characterize by 32P-postlabeling, TLC and HPLC the primary postlabeled PAH-DNA adduct(s) formed in vitro and in vivo by diesel extracts. The diesel particle extracts had known concentrations of benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b,j,k]-fluoranthenes (B[b,j,k]F) and chrysene. DNA adducts were analyzed in calf thymus DNA incubated in vitro with PAHs activated by S9 mix and in skin and lung DNA from topically treated mice. The main diesel-derived DNA adduct formed in vitro and in vivo did not co-migrate on HPLC and large TLC plates with (+/-)-r-7,t-8-dihydroxy-t-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydrobenzo[a]pyrene (anti BPDE)-, B[b]F-,B[j]F-,B[k]F-or chrysene-DNA adduct standards. By co-chromatography DNA adducts formed by chrysene from both in vitro and in vivo samples were identified. Nissan diesel extract containing higher PAH concentrations than Volkswagen automobile extract formed skin DNA adducts that co-migrated with chrysene- and anti BPDE- DNA-derived adducts. We conclude that the use of a highly sensitive 32P-postlabeling method combined with HPLC improves the identification of PAH adducts formed by complex mixtures such as diesel exhaust extracts. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Savela, K AU - King, L AU - Gallagher, J AU - Lewtas, J AD - US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 2083 EP - 2089 VL - 16 IS - 9 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - benzo(a)pyrene-7,8-dihydrodiol-9,10-epoxide-DNA KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide KW - 55097-80-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - 7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide -- analysis KW - Reference Standards KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Chromatography, Thin Layer KW - Isotope Labeling KW - Female KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Administration, Topical KW - DNA Adducts -- biosynthesis KW - Skin -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- isolation & purification KW - Vehicle Emissions -- toxicity KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - DNA Adducts -- analysis KW - Skin -- metabolism KW - Lung -- chemistry KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Lung -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77568125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=32P-postlabeling+and+HPLC+separation+of+DNA+adducts+formed+by+diesel+exhaust+extracts+in+vitro+and+in+mouse+skin+and+lung+after+topical+treatment.&rft.au=Savela%2C+K%3BKing%2C+L%3BGallagher%2C+J%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Savela&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2083&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-20 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human bladder cancer: evidence for a potential irritation-induced mechanism. AN - 77536821; 7557751 AB - Bladder cancer is one of the most common human cancers, constituting about 6% and 2% of all cancers among males and females, respectively. Over 90% of all bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas, with most of the remainder being squamous cell carcinomas. Smoking and occupational exposure to aromatic amines and other agents are most prominent among the risk factors identified. Inflammation of the bladder, largely by infection but also by stones or a combination of the two, may play some role in human bladder cancer development. The association between inflammation and cancer appears to be stronger for squamous cell than for transitional cell carcinoma. Stones and infection can be important factors in the development of bladder tumours in rodents, but the tumours are predominantly transitional cell rather than squamous cell carcinomas. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Burin, G J AU - Gibb, H J AU - Hill, R N AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 785 EP - 795 VL - 33 IS - 9 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Urinary Calculi -- complications KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Case-Control Studies KW - Smoking -- adverse effects KW - Incidence KW - Carcinoma, Transitional Cell -- etiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Carcinoma, Transitional Cell -- epidemiology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- etiology KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Carcinoma, Squamous Cell -- epidemiology KW - Urinary Bladder Neoplasms -- epidemiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77536821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Human+bladder+cancer%3A+evidence+for+a+potential+irritation-induced+mechanism.&rft.au=Burin%2C+G+J%3BGibb%2C+H+J%3BHill%2C+R+N&rft.aulast=Burin&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=785&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-20 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geographical information systems (GIS) to manage oceanographic data for site designation and site monitoring AN - 52758518; 1997-013359 JF - Marine Geodesy AU - Hall, Robert K AU - Ota, Allan Y AU - Hashimoto, Janet Y AU - Maher, Norman M A2 - Li, Rongxing Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 161 EP - 171 PB - Crane, Russak & Co., New York, NY VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0149-0419, 0149-0419 KW - United States KW - East Pacific KW - Northeast Pacific KW - offshore KW - data processing KW - geodesy KW - dredged materials KW - California KW - Farallon Islands KW - geographic information systems KW - San Francisco Bay region KW - North Pacific KW - marine methods KW - Pacific Ocean KW - data bases KW - information systems KW - waste disposal KW - 30:Engineering geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52758518?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geodesy&rft.atitle=Geographical+information+systems+%28GIS%29+to+manage+oceanographic+data+for+site+designation+and+site+monitoring&rft.au=Hall%2C+Robert+K%3BOta%2C+Allan+Y%3BHashimoto%2C+Janet+Y%3BMaher%2C+Norman+M&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=161&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geodesy&rft.issn=01490419&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; data bases; data processing; dredged materials; East Pacific; Farallon Islands; geodesy; geographic information systems; information systems; marine methods; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; offshore; Pacific Ocean; San Francisco Bay region; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact crater identified on the Navajo Nation near Chinle, Arizona AN - 52714121; 1997-033661 JF - Meteoritics & Planetary Science AU - Shoemaker, E M AU - Roddy, D J AU - Moore, C B AU - Pfeilsticker, R AU - Curley, C L AU - Dunkelman, T AU - Kuerzel, K AU - Taylor, M AU - Shoemaker, C S AU - Donnelly, P A2 - Sears, Derek W. G. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 578 EP - 579 PB - Meteoritical Society, Fayetteville, AR VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 1086-9379, 1086-9379 KW - United States KW - trenching KW - iron oxides KW - impact features KW - Chinle Valley KW - Apache County Arizona KW - Navajo Indian Reservation KW - morphometry KW - nickel oxides KW - Arizona KW - oxides KW - impact craters KW - 23:Geomorphology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52714121?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.atitle=Impact+crater+identified+on+the+Navajo+Nation+near+Chinle%2C+Arizona&rft.au=Shoemaker%2C+E+M%3BRoddy%2C+D+J%3BMoore%2C+C+B%3BPfeilsticker%2C+R%3BCurley%2C+C+L%3BDunkelman%2C+T%3BKuerzel%2C+K%3BTaylor%2C+M%3BShoemaker%2C+C+S%3BDonnelly%2C+P&rft.aulast=Shoemaker&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=578&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Meteoritics+%26+Planetary+Science&rft.issn=10869379&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 58th annual meeting of the Meteoritical Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - AR N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apache County Arizona; Arizona; Chinle Valley; impact craters; impact features; iron oxides; morphometry; Navajo Indian Reservation; nickel oxides; oxides; trenching; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface disturbances; their role in accelerating desertification AN - 52482187; 1999-038563 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Belnap, Jayne A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 39 EP - 57 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - United States KW - soils KW - eolian features KW - Plantae KW - terrestrial environment KW - moisture KW - semi-arid environment KW - stability KW - ecosystems KW - desertification KW - erosion rates KW - environmental analysis KW - deserts KW - nutrients KW - physical properties KW - Arches National Park KW - infiltration KW - surface features KW - ecology KW - Utah KW - erodibility KW - land use KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52482187?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Surface+disturbances%3B+their+role+in+accelerating+desertification&rft.au=Belnap%2C+Jayne&rft.aulast=Belnap&rft.aufirst=Jayne&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 60 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Arches National Park; desertification; deserts; ecology; ecosystems; environmental analysis; eolian features; erodibility; erosion rates; infiltration; land use; moisture; nutrients; physical properties; Plantae; semi-arid environment; soils; stability; surface features; terrestrial environment; United States; Utah ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Secondary desertification due to salinization of intensively irrigated lands; the Israeli experience AN - 52482140; 1999-038562 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Banin, A AU - Fish, A A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 17 EP - 37 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - terrestrial environment KW - reclamation KW - halogens KW - water management KW - ecosystems KW - desertification KW - Israel KW - salt water KW - remediation KW - irrigation KW - ground water KW - chloride ion KW - Yizre'el Valley KW - Asia KW - water pollution KW - saline composition KW - Middle East KW - chlorine KW - concentration KW - arid environment KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - shallow aquifers KW - leaching KW - salinization KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52482140?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Secondary+desertification+due+to+salinization+of+intensively+irrigated+lands%3B+the+Israeli+experience&rft.au=Banin%2C+A%3BFish%2C+A&rft.aulast=Banin&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; arid environment; Asia; chloride ion; chlorine; concentration; desertification; ecosystems; ground water; halogens; irrigation; Israel; land use; leaching; Middle East; pollution; reclamation; remediation; saline composition; salinization; salt water; shallow aquifers; soil management; terrestrial environment; water management; water pollution; water quality; Yizre'el Valley ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification and observation of desertification processes with the aid of measurements from space; results from the European Field Experiment in Desertification-Threatened Areas (EFEDA) AN - 52481985; 1999-038566 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Bolle, Hans-Jurgen A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 93 EP - 101 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - climatic controls KW - Spain KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - Europe KW - desertification KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - boundary conditions KW - Southern Europe KW - models KW - runoff KW - ecology KW - Castilla-La Mancha Spain KW - Mediterranean region KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52481985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Identification+and+observation+of+desertification+processes+with+the+aid+of+measurements+from+space%3B+results+from+the+European+Field+Experiment+in+Desertification-Threatened+Areas+%28EFEDA%29&rft.au=Bolle%2C+Hans-Jurgen&rft.aulast=Bolle&rft.aufirst=Hans-Jurgen&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; boundary conditions; Castilla-La Mancha Spain; climatic controls; data acquisition; data processing; desertification; ecology; environmental analysis; Europe; hydrology; Iberian Peninsula; Mediterranean region; models; remote sensing; runoff; soils; Southern Europe; Spain; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of Mediterranean shrub on water erosion control AN - 52481968; 1999-038561 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Andreu, V AU - Rubio, J L AU - Cerni, R A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 5 EP - 15 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - shrub vegetation KW - revegetation KW - Plantae KW - erosion KW - Valencia region KW - Spain KW - water erosion KW - Europe KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - erosion features KW - preventive measures KW - Southern Europe KW - fires KW - conservation KW - erosion control KW - ecology KW - soil erosion KW - Valencia Spain KW - Mediterranean region KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52481968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Effect+of+Mediterranean+shrub+on+water+erosion+control&rft.au=Andreu%2C+V%3BRubio%2C+J+L%3BCerni%2C+R&rft.aulast=Andreu&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=5&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - conservation; ecology; erosion; erosion control; erosion features; Europe; fires; Iberian Peninsula; Mediterranean region; Plantae; preventive measures; revegetation; shrub vegetation; soil erosion; soils; Southern Europe; Spain; Valencia region; Valencia Spain; water erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Properties and erosional response of soils in a degraded ecosystem in Crete (Greece) AN - 52481379; 1999-038565 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Boix, C AU - Calvo, A AU - Imeson, A C AU - Schoorl, J M AU - Soto, Soriano AU - Tiemessen, I R A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 79 EP - 92 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - water use KW - soils KW - climatic controls KW - experimental studies KW - soil profiles KW - Greece KW - micromorphology KW - erosion KW - water erosion KW - Europe KW - desertification KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - climate change KW - Southern Europe KW - Crete KW - ecology KW - soil erosion KW - erodibility KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52481379?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Properties+and+erosional+response+of+soils+in+a+degraded+ecosystem+in+Crete+%28Greece%29&rft.au=Boix%2C+C%3BCalvo%2C+A%3BImeson%2C+A+C%3BSchoorl%2C+J+M%3BSoto%2C+Soriano%3BTiemessen%2C+I+R&rft.aulast=Boix&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atmospheric precipitation; climate change; climatic controls; Crete; desertification; ecology; environmental analysis; erodibility; erosion; Europe; experimental studies; Greece; land use; micromorphology; simulation; soil erosion; soil profiles; soils; Southern Europe; water erosion; water use ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A hierarchical approach for desertification assessment AN - 52481131; 1999-038564 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Bergkamp, Ger A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 59 EP - 78 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - Spain KW - moisture KW - arid environment KW - water management KW - Europe KW - ecosystems KW - desertification KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - central Spain KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - Southern Europe KW - conservation KW - ecology KW - landscapes KW - Castilla-La Mancha Spain KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52481131?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=A+hierarchical+approach+for+desertification+assessment&rft.au=Bergkamp%2C+Ger&rft.aulast=Bergkamp&rft.aufirst=Ger&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; Castilla-La Mancha Spain; central Spain; conservation; degradation; desertification; ecology; ecosystems; environmental analysis; Europe; Iberian Peninsula; land use; landscapes; moisture; soils; Southern Europe; Spain; terrestrial environment; vegetation; water management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of Earth observation satellite data for land degradation mapping and monitoring in Mediterranean ecosystems; towards a satellite-observatory AN - 52480450; 1999-038570 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Hill, J AU - Sommer, S AU - Mehl, W AU - Megier, J A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 143 EP - 158 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - climatic controls KW - thematic mapper KW - pedogenesis KW - imagery KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - satellite methods KW - environmental analysis KW - multispectral analysis KW - Landsat KW - ecology KW - Mediterranean region KW - land use KW - SPOT KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52480450?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Use+of+Earth+observation+satellite+data+for+land+degradation+mapping+and+monitoring+in+Mediterranean+ecosystems%3B+towards+a+satellite-observatory&rft.au=Hill%2C+J%3BSommer%2C+S%3BMehl%2C+W%3BMegier%2C+J&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climatic controls; data acquisition; data processing; degradation; ecology; ecosystems; environmental analysis; imagery; land use; Landsat; Mediterranean region; monitoring; multispectral analysis; pedogenesis; remote sensing; satellite methods; soils; SPOT; thematic mapper; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Policy roots of land degradation in the arid region of the United States; an overview AN - 52480083; 1999-038569 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Hess, Karl, Jr AU - Holechek, Jerry L A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 123 EP - 141 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - United States KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - arid environment KW - public policy KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - desertification KW - New Mexico KW - preventive measures KW - California KW - Southern California KW - natural resources KW - conservation KW - Arizona KW - policy KW - Utah KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52480083?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Policy+roots+of+land+degradation+in+the+arid+region+of+the+United+States%3B+an+overview&rft.au=Hess%2C+Karl%2C+Jr%3BHolechek%2C+Jerry+L&rft.aulast=Hess&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 20 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; arid environment; Arizona; California; conservation; degradation; desertification; land use; natural resources; New Mexico; policy; pollution; preventive measures; public policy; soil management; soils; Southern California; terrestrial environment; United States; Utah ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desertification in developed countries AN - 52479082; 1999-038560 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 370 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - United States KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - industrialized countries KW - Spain KW - semi-arid environment KW - Europe KW - desertification KW - Russian Federation KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - Southern Europe KW - physical properties KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - erosion control KW - Southern Africa KW - Africa KW - ecology KW - South Africa KW - salinization KW - Mediterranean region KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52479082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Desertification+in+developed+countries&rft.title=Desertification+in+developed+countries&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; Commonwealth of Independent States; desertification; ecology; erosion control; Europe; Iberian Peninsula; industrialized countries; land use; Mediterranean region; physical properties; Russian Federation; salinization; semi-arid environment; soil management; soils; South Africa; Southern Africa; Southern Europe; Spain; terrestrial environment; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desertification control; a framework for action AN - 52478406; 1999-038568 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Dregne, H E A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 111 EP - 122 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - erosion KW - arid environment KW - wind erosion KW - soil treatment KW - water erosion KW - desertification KW - vegetation KW - compactness KW - physical properties KW - ecology KW - rangelands KW - salinization KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52478406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Desertification+control%3B+a+framework+for+action&rft.au=Dregne%2C+H+E&rft.aulast=Dregne&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; compactness; degradation; desertification; ecology; erosion; land use; physical properties; rangelands; salinization; soil treatment; soils; terrestrial environment; vegetation; water erosion; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desertification in Russia; problems and solutions (an example in the Republic of Kalmykla-Khalmg Tangch) AN - 52477651; 1999-038575 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Zonn, Igor S A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 347 EP - 363 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - climatic controls KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - erosion KW - arid environment KW - wind erosion KW - Europe KW - desertification KW - Russian Federation KW - environmental analysis KW - Kalmyk Russian Federation KW - Kalmykla-Khalmg Tangch KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Caspian Sea KW - grasslands KW - ecology KW - rangelands KW - salinization KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52477651?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Desertification+in+Russia%3B+problems+and+solutions+%28an+example+in+the+Republic+of+Kalmykla-Khalmg+Tangch%29&rft.au=Zonn%2C+Igor+S&rft.aulast=Zonn&rft.aufirst=Igor&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; Caspian Sea; climatic controls; Commonwealth of Independent States; degradation; desertification; ecology; environmental analysis; erosion; Europe; grasslands; Kalmyk Russian Federation; Kalmykla-Khalmg Tangch; land use; rangelands; Russian Federation; salinization; terrestrial environment; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A field study of the influence of land management and soil properties on runoff and soil loss in central Spain AN - 52477010; 1999-038574 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Williams, Andrew G AU - Les Ternan, J AU - Elmes, Andy AU - Gonzalez del Tanago, Marta AU - Blanco, Raoul A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 333 EP - 345 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - Puebla de Belena Spain KW - erosion KW - Spain KW - water erosion KW - Europe KW - Iberian Peninsula KW - central Spain KW - environmental analysis KW - preventive measures KW - Southern Europe KW - physical properties KW - erosion control KW - runoff KW - ecology KW - soil erosion KW - erodibility KW - Castilla-La Mancha Spain KW - land use KW - deforestation KW - soil management KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52477010?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=A+field+study+of+the+influence+of+land+management+and+soil+properties+on+runoff+and+soil+loss+in+central+Spain&rft.au=Williams%2C+Andrew+G%3BLes+Ternan%2C+J%3BElmes%2C+Andy%3BGonzalez+del+Tanago%2C+Marta%3BBlanco%2C+Raoul&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=333&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Castilla-La Mancha Spain; central Spain; deforestation; ecology; environmental analysis; erodibility; erosion; erosion control; Europe; hydrology; Iberian Peninsula; land use; physical properties; preventive measures; Puebla de Belena Spain; runoff; soil erosion; soil management; soils; Southern Europe; Spain; water erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional landscape-ecological planning and desertification control in arid regions of the Commonwealth of Independent States AN - 52473519; 1999-038573 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Milanova, E V A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 239 EP - 244 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Aral region KW - Turkmenia KW - terrestrial environment KW - monitoring KW - arid environment KW - regional planning KW - global change KW - ecosystems KW - desertification KW - Russian Federation KW - preventive measures KW - climate change KW - Central Asia KW - geographic information systems KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - policy KW - information systems KW - Asia KW - land use KW - soil management KW - remote sensing KW - Karakum KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52473519?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Regional+landscape-ecological+planning+and+desertification+control+in+arid+regions+of+the+Commonwealth+of+Independent+States&rft.au=Milanova%2C+E+V&rft.aulast=Milanova&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aral region; arid environment; Asia; Central Asia; climate change; Commonwealth of Independent States; desertification; ecosystems; geographic information systems; global change; information systems; Karakum; land use; monitoring; policy; preventive measures; regional planning; remote sensing; Russian Federation; soil management; terrestrial environment; Turkmenia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desertification in Australia; an eye to grass roots and landscapes AN - 52473324; 1999-038572 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Ludwig, John A AU - Tongway, David J A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 231 EP - 237 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - terrestrial environment KW - Australasia KW - erosion KW - arid environment KW - wind erosion KW - water erosion KW - desertification KW - environmental analysis KW - drought KW - conservation KW - grasslands KW - ecology KW - Australia KW - savannas KW - soil erosion KW - landscapes KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52473324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Desertification+in+Australia%3B+an+eye+to+grass+roots+and+landscapes&rft.au=Ludwig%2C+John+A%3BTongway%2C+David+J&rft.aulast=Ludwig&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=231&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; Australasia; Australia; conservation; desertification; drought; ecology; environmental analysis; erosion; grasslands; landscapes; savannas; soil erosion; soil management; soils; terrestrial environment; water erosion; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Desertification of the eastern Karoo, South Africa; conflicting paleoecological, historical, and soil isotopic evidence AN - 51322922; 1999-038571 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Hoffman, M T AU - Bond, W J AU - Stock, W D A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 159 EP - 177 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - Karoo Basin KW - climatic controls KW - degradation KW - Quaternary KW - annual variations KW - isotopes KW - rainfall KW - desertification KW - stable isotopes KW - paleoecology KW - human ecology KW - adaptation KW - Cenozoic KW - archaeological sites KW - carbon KW - Southern Africa KW - Africa KW - C-13 KW - South Africa KW - land use KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51322922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Desertification+of+the+eastern+Karoo%2C+South+Africa%3B+conflicting+paleoecological%2C+historical%2C+and+soil+isotopic+evidence&rft.au=Hoffman%2C+M+T%3BBond%2C+W+J%3BStock%2C+W+D&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adaptation; Africa; annual variations; archaeological sites; C-13; carbon; Cenozoic; climatic controls; degradation; desertification; human ecology; hydrology; isotopes; Karoo Basin; land use; paleoecology; Quaternary; rainfall; soils; South Africa; Southern Africa; stable isotopes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Where, why and to what extent have rangelands in the Karoo, South Africa, desertified AN - 51322314; 1999-038567 JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Dean, W R J AU - Milton, S J AU - du Plessis, M A A2 - Mouat, David A. A2 - Hutchinson, Charles F. Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 103 EP - 110 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht VL - 37 IS - 1-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Karoo Basin KW - terrestrial environment KW - arid environment KW - semi-arid environment KW - desertification KW - vegetation KW - environmental analysis KW - biota KW - Southern Africa KW - grasslands KW - Africa KW - ecology KW - basin management KW - South Africa KW - land use KW - Kalahari Desert KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51322314?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Where%2C+why+and+to+what+extent+have+rangelands+in+the+Karoo%2C+South+Africa%2C+desertified&rft.au=Dean%2C+W+R+J%3BMilton%2C+S+J%3Bdu+Plessis%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Dean&rft.aufirst=W+R&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/1573-2959/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; arid environment; basin management; biota; desertification; ecology; environmental analysis; grasslands; Kalahari Desert; Karoo Basin; land use; semi-arid environment; South Africa; Southern Africa; terrestrial environment; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of magnetics for the location of environmental contamination AN - 51262904; 2007-109152 JF - Exploration Geophysics (Melbourne) AU - Pippett, Timothy D J AU - O'Donnell, Paul AU - Hankin, Stuart I AU - Blundell, Craig A AU - Gumley, Craig AU - Tucker, David Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 206 EP - 208 PB - Australian Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Alderley, Queensl. VL - 26 IS - 2-3 SN - 0812-3985, 0812-3985 KW - high-resolution methods KW - geophysical surveys KW - Australasia KW - total-field methods KW - landfills KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - New South Wales Australia KW - magnetic methods KW - unexploded ordnance KW - Europe KW - iron KW - burial KW - military geology KW - detection KW - metals KW - Central Europe KW - surveys KW - northern Germany KW - Australia KW - waste disposal KW - Germany KW - Sydney Australia KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51262904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Exploration+Geophysics+%28Melbourne%29&rft.atitle=Use+of+magnetics+for+the+location+of+environmental+contamination&rft.au=Pippett%2C+Timothy+D+J%3BO%27Donnell%2C+Paul%3BHankin%2C+Stuart+I%3BBlundell%2C+Craig+A%3BGumley%2C+Craig%3BTucker%2C+David&rft.aulast=Pippett&rft.aufirst=Timothy+D&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=206&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Exploration+Geophysics+%28Melbourne%29&rft.issn=08123985&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.publish.csiro.au/nid/225/issue/4095.htm LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 11th ASEG geophysical conference and exhibition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - Queensl. N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASEGBV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; Australia; burial; Central Europe; detection; Europe; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Germany; high-resolution methods; iron; landfills; magnetic methods; metals; military geology; New South Wales Australia; northern Germany; pollution; surveys; Sydney Australia; total-field methods; unexploded ordnance; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - UIC permitting process for Class IID and Class III wells; protection of drinking water in New York State AN - 50114249; 1995-061235 JF - AAPG Bulletin AU - Hillenbrand, Charles J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 1415 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK VL - 79 IS - 9 SN - 0149-1423, 0149-1423 KW - wells KW - United States KW - mining KW - regulations KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - sedimentary rocks KW - movement KW - Oriskany Sandstone KW - construction KW - protection KW - water supply KW - Lower Silurian KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - solution mining KW - monitoring KW - pressure KW - Paleozoic KW - Salina Group KW - confined aquifers KW - injection KW - pollution KW - potentiometric surface KW - evaporites KW - Silurian KW - aquifers KW - Lower Devonian KW - New York KW - Akron Dolomite KW - Devonian KW - brines KW - Upper Silurian KW - permits KW - waste disposal KW - Medina Formation KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - salt KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50114249?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.atitle=UIC+permitting+process+for+Class+IID+and+Class+III+wells%3B+protection+of+drinking+water+in+New+York+State&rft.au=Hillenbrand%2C+Charles+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hillenbrand&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1415&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.issn=01491423&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aapgbull.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Eastern Section meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AABUD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Akron Dolomite; aquifers; brines; chemically precipitated rocks; confined aquifers; construction; Devonian; drinking water; evaporites; ground water; injection; Lower Devonian; Lower Silurian; Medina Formation; mining; monitoring; movement; New York; Oriskany Sandstone; Paleozoic; permits; pollution; potentiometric surface; pressure; protection; regulations; Salina Group; salt; sedimentary rocks; Silurian; solution mining; United States; Upper Silurian; waste disposal; water resources; water supply; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Case study; conducting an accelerated cleanup at a Superfund site in a mixed residential and industrial area AN - 1729844744; 2015-100907 AB - This article presents a case study of an accelerated cleanup conducted by EPA at the Adams Plating Company (APC) Superfund site near Lansing, Michigan. The APC site remediation was a Superfund EPA-lead project under the remedial program in Region 5. An accelerated cleanup was possible at the APC site by consistently identifying, evaluating, and implementing opportunities to streamline the remedial investigation (RI) and remedial design (RD) process. Streamlining opportunities were discovered and implemented in both the technical and administrative aspects of the project. Streamlining components used to accelerate the remedial process included: (1) extensive use of field screening techniques during the Phase II RI; (2) a focused feasibility study (FS) that evaluated only practical alternatives; (3) maintaining project momentum by initiating the RD concurrent with the issuance of the Record of Decision (ROD); (4) a highly accelerated RD with limited predesign work; (5) elimination of the transition period between RD and remedial action (RA) project phases; (6) frequent and effective communication, coordination, and cooperation between all parties involved (EPA, Michigan Department of Natural Resources (MDNR), technical contractor, PRC Environmental Management, Inc. (PRC), and the public); (7) maintaining a consistent project team throughout project duration; and (8) the setting of aggressive project goals. Abstract Copyright (1995), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Padovani, Steven J AU - Mastrolonardo, Ray AU - Freibert, Mary Joyce Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - September 1995 SP - 105 EP - 115 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 5 IS - 4 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - programs KW - Lansing Michigan KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - chemical waste KW - environmental analysis KW - Adams Platin Company site KW - feasibility studies KW - remediation KW - case studies KW - decontamination KW - Michigan KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1729844744?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Case+study%3B+conducting+an+accelerated+cleanup+at+a+Superfund+site+in+a+mixed+residential+and+industrial+area&rft.au=Padovani%2C+Steven+J%3BMastrolonardo%2C+Ray%3BFreibert%2C+Mary+Joyce&rft.aulast=Padovani&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=105&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440050410 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-11-05 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams Platin Company site; case studies; chemical waste; decision-making; decontamination; environmental analysis; feasibility studies; Lansing Michigan; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; pollution; programs; reclamation; remediation; soils; Superfund sites; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440050410 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The breeding habitats of Aedes mosquitoes and the epidemic of Dengue fever in Sanmin District, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan AN - 15914821; 4044837 AB - Intensive studies on vector ecology were undertaken in Sanmin District, Kaoshiung City, Taiwan, where a large number of indigenous cases of dengue fever occurred. In 1991, a study found that the most common Aedes breeding sites in decreasing order were flower vases, tires, buckets, flooded basements, cans and bottles, water jars, tanks, and refrigerator receptacles. Aedes larvae were found mostly in containers made of plastic, followed by those made of porcelain, rubber, cement, metal and glass. In Sanmin District, the number of outdoor artificial water containers with breeding Aedes was higher than that of indoor containers. After industrialization and commercialization, plastic containers and rubber tires increased rapidly and due to urbanization, planting containers, e.g. flower vases and ornamental containers, also increased. The results indicated that epidemic areas had more storage containers, discarded containers and flooded basements than areas with no epidemic. In dengue fever epidemic areas, building basements, huge storage containers, discarded tires scattered around households, and especially flooded basements and discarded containers on vacant lots became the major breeding sites of Aedes mosquitoes. The main breeding sites for mosquito vectors are vacant lots and flooded basements, therefore, such places should be inventoried and cleaned up. Efforts have thus been made to solve this problem. JF - Chinese Journal of Entomology/Zhonghua Kunchong AU - Hwang, Ji-Sen AU - Wu, Huai-Hui AU - Chang, Niann-Tai AD - Bureau Environ. Sanitation and Toxic Substances Control, E.P.A., No. 41, Sec. 1, Chung Hwa Rd., Taipei, Taiwan Y1 - 1995/09// PY - 1995 DA - Sep 1995 SP - 215 EP - 225 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0258-462X, 0258-462X KW - Diptera KW - Taiwan, Kaohsiung City, Sanmin District KW - aquatic insects KW - biological vectors KW - human diseases KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Virology & AIDS Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Entomology Abstracts KW - Taiwan KW - Aedes aegypti KW - Culicidae KW - breeding sites KW - Freshwater KW - dengue virus KW - vectors KW - public health KW - V 22123:Epidemiology KW - D 04659:Insects KW - Z 05206:Medical & veterinary entomology KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15914821?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chinese+Journal+of+Entomology%2FZhonghua+Kunchong&rft.atitle=The+breeding+habitats+of+Aedes+mosquitoes+and+the+epidemic+of+Dengue+fever+in+Sanmin+District%2C+Kaohsiung+City%2C+Taiwan&rft.au=Hwang%2C+Ji-Sen%3BWu%2C+Huai-Hui%3BChang%2C+Niann-Tai&rft.aulast=Hwang&rft.aufirst=Ji-Sen&rft.date=1995-09-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chinese+Journal+of+Entomology%2FZhonghua+Kunchong&rft.issn=0258462X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - vectors; biological vectors; human diseases; breeding sites; aquatic insects; public health; Aedes aegypti; Culicidae; Diptera; dengue virus; Taiwan; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of temperature, stress, and other factors in the neurotoxicity of the substituted amphetamines 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine and fenfluramine. AN - 77762546; 8561961 AB - Amphetamines (AMPs) can cause long-term depletions in striatal dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5-HT), and these decrements are often accepted as prima facie evidence of AMP-induced damage to the dopaminergic and serotonergic projections to striatum. Rarely are indices linked to neural damage used to evaluate the neurotoxicity of the AMPs. Here, we determined the potential neurotoxic effects of two substituted AMPs, d-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (d-MDMA) and d-fenfluramine (d-FEN) in group-housed female C57BL6/J mice. Astrogliosis, assessed by quantification of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), was the main indicator of d-MDMA-induced neural damage. Assays of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), DA, and 5-HT were used to determine effects on DA and 5-HT systems. Since AMPs are noted for both their stimulatory and hyperthermia-inducing properties, activity, as well as core temperature, was monitored in several experiments. To extend the generality of our findings, these same end points were examined in singly housed female C57bL6/J mice and in group-housed male C57BL6/J or female B6C3F1 mice after treatment with d-MDMA. Mice received either d-MDMA (20 mg/kg) (singly housed mice received dosages of 20, 30, or 40 mg/kg) or d-FEN (25 mg/kg) every 2 h for a total of four sc injections. d-MDMA caused hyperthermia, whereas d-FEN induced hypothermia. d-MDMA cause a large (300%) increase in striatal GFAP that resolved by 3 wk and a 50-75% decrease in TH and DA that was still apparent at 3 wk, d-FEN did not affect any parameters in striatum. d-MDMA is a striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicant in both male and female C57BL6/mice, as evidenced by astrogliosis and depletions of DA in this area in both sexes. The greater lethality to males suggests they may be more sensitive, at least to the general toxicity of d-MDMA, that females. d-MDMA (20 mg/kg) induced the same degree of damage whether mice were housed singly or in groups. Higher dosages in singly housed mice induced greater lethality, but not greater neurotoxicity. d-MDMA was also effective in inducing striatal damage in mice of the B6C3F1 strain. Significant increases in activity were induced by d-MDMA, and these increases were not blocked by pretreatment with MK-801, despite the profound lowering of body temperature induced by this combination. A lowering of body temperature, whether by a 15 degree C ambient temperature (approx 2 degree drop), pretreatment with MK-801 (1.0 mg/kg prior to the first and third d-MDMA injections; approx 5-6 degrees C drop) or restraint (approx 5-6 degrees C drop) was effective in blocking the neurotoxicity of d-MDMA in both C57BL6/J and B6C3F1. The stimulatory effects of d-MDMA appeared to have little impact on the neurotoxicity induced by d-MDMA or the protection conferred by MK-801. These data suggest that in the mouse, the neurotoxic effects of d-MDMA, and most likly other AMPs, are linked to an effect on body temperature. JF - Molecular neurobiology AU - Miller, D B AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 17711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 177 EP - 192 VL - 11 IS - 1-3 SN - 0893-7648, 0893-7648 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Neurotoxins KW - Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors KW - Fenfluramine KW - 2DS058H2CF KW - Serotonin KW - 333DO1RDJY KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.16.2 KW - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine KW - KE1SEN21RM KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase -- metabolism KW - Restraint, Physical KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Temperature KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Serotonin Uptake Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- pharmacology KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Fever -- chemically induced KW - Kinetics KW - Hypothermia -- chemically induced KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Social Isolation KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Fenfluramine -- toxicity KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- metabolism KW - Stress, Psychological KW - N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine -- toxicity KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- pathology KW - Serotonin -- metabolism KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77762546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+neurobiology&rft.atitle=The+role+of+temperature%2C+stress%2C+and+other+factors+in+the+neurotoxicity+of+the+substituted+amphetamines+3%2C4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine+and+fenfluramine.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Molecular+neurobiology&rft.issn=08937648&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In utero 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) alters reproductive morphology and function in female rat offspring. AN - 77457059; 7645025 AB - Exposure to pesticides or toxic substances that disrupt the endocrine system during sex differentiation can permanently alter reproductive function and produce morphological pseudohermaphrodism. While some developmental toxicants affect either the male or the female, in utero exposure to 0.5 micrograms TCDD/kg/day from Gestational Day (GD) 6 to GD 15 induces infertility in both sexes (K.S. Khera and J.A. Ruddick, Chlorodioxins--Origins and Fate, pp. 70-84, Am. Chem. Soc., Washington, DC, 1973). Although a number studies have focused on the effects of a single dose of TCDD on sex differentiation of the male rat and hamster, the reproductive alterations that account for female-mediated infertility after in utero exposure to TCDD have not been described. Hence, it was our objective to describe the anatomical and functional reproductive alterations in female progeny after gestational administration of TCDD. In the first experiment, LE Hooded rats were given a single dose of 1 microgram TCDD/kg by gavage on CD 8 (i.e., a period that includes major organogenesis) or GD 15 (i.e., a period prior to sex differentiation and a dosing regime that alters sex differentiation of the male LE rat). In a second experiment, Holtzman rats were dosed with TCDD at 1 microgram/kg on GD 15, to determine if the progeny of this strain displayed malformations of the external genitalia and vaginal orifice as did LE rats. TCDD-treated female LE offspring displayed a number of unusual reproductive alterations. In the GD 15 group, puberty was delayed, more than 65% of the female offspring displayed complete to partial clefting of the phallus, and 80% displayed a permanent "thread" of tissue across the opening of the vagina. In the GD 8 treatment group, 25% displayed partially cleft phallus and 14% had a vaginal thread. GD 15 TCDD administration also induced a high incidence of malformations in Holtzman female progeny (100% clefting and 83% with a vaginal thread). At necropsy (> 550 days old), ovarian weight was significantly reduced by 23% in both rat strains. In the LE rat, vaginal and behavioral estrous cyclicity, estrous cycle-mediated running wheel activity, and female sexual behaviors at proestrus (darting and lordosis to mount ratios) were not affected by gestational GD 15 TCDD treatment. However, untreated stud males had difficulty attaining intromission and took longer to ejaculate and vaginal bleeding was displayed during mating by GD 15 TCDD-exposed female offspring.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gray, L E AU - Ostby, J S AD - Developmental Reproductive Toxicology Section, Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 285 EP - 294 VL - 133 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Vagina -- drug effects KW - Endometrial Hyperplasia -- chemically induced KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Sex Factors KW - Vagina -- pathology KW - Gestational Age KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Estrus -- drug effects KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Sexual Maturation -- drug effects KW - Sexual Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Ovary -- pathology KW - Grooming -- drug effects KW - Uterus -- pathology KW - Female KW - Fertility -- drug effects KW - Genitalia, Female -- drug effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Genitalia, Female -- pathology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77457059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=In+utero+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+alters+reproductive+morphology+and+function+in+female+rat+offspring.&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E%3BOstby%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-21 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Proportion of moderately exercising individuals responding to low-level, multi-hour ozone exposure. AN - 77438604; 7633712 AB - The purpose of this study was to describe the proportion of moderately exercising individuals experiencing significant respiratory responses to low-level, multi-hour ozone exposure as a function of ozone concentration and exposure duration. Sixty-eight healthy, nonsmoking adults, ages 18 to 34 yr, underwent two or more 6.6-h exposures to 0.0, 0.08, 0.10, or 0.12 ppm ozone. Five hours of exercise was performed during exposure, and lung function was measured before exposure and following each hour of exposure. For each combination of concentration and duration, each individual was determined to either have or not have experienced a 10% or greater decrement in FEV1. A logistic function was used to model the proportion of individuals experiencing such a decrement as a function of concentration and exposure duration. Bootstrap 90% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated around the predictions. The model was found to give predictions that were in good agreement with observed data. The lowest level of exposure (C x T) for which the 90% CI excluded zero was approximately 0.2 ppm-h. For exposure to 0.12 ppm ozone for 6.6 h, 47% (90% CI = 30 to 65%) of exposed individuals were predicted to experience a 10% decrement in FEV1. A greater proportion of younger adults than of older adults were found to experience a given effect for a given exposure. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Stewart, P W AU - Andreoni, S AU - Smith, M V AD - Clinical Research Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 589 EP - 596 VL - 152 IS - 2 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Age Factors KW - Logistic Models KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Confidence Intervals KW - Forecasting KW - Air KW - Adolescent KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Forced Expiratory Volume -- drug effects KW - Physical Exertion -- physiology KW - Air Pollutants -- administration & dosage KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Lung -- physiopathology KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77438604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Proportion+of+moderately+exercising+individuals+responding+to+low-level%2C+multi-hour+ozone+exposure.&rft.au=McDonnell%2C+W+F%3BStewart%2C+P+W%3BAndreoni%2C+S%3BSmith%2C+M+V&rft.aulast=McDonnell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=152&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=589&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-14 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acrylamide: a review of its genotoxicity and an assessment of heritable genetic risk. AN - 77414659; 7623872 AB - An updated review of the genotoxicity studies with acrylamide is provided. Then, using data from the studies generating quantitative information concerning heritability of genetic effects, an assessment of the heritable genetic risk presented by acrylamide is presented. The review offers a discussion of the reactions and possible mechanisms of genotoxic action by acrylamide and its epoxide metabolite glycidamide. Several genetic risk approaches are discussed, including the parallelogram, direct (actually a modified direct), and doubling dose approaches. Using data from the specific-locus and heritable translocation assays, the modified direct and doubling dose approaches are utilized to quantitate genetic risk. Exposures of male parents to acrylamide via inhalation, ingestion, and dermal routes are also quantitated. With these approaches and measurements and their underlying assumptions concerning extrapolation factors (including germ cell stage specificity, DNA repair variability, locus specificity), number of human loci associated with dominant disease alleles, and spontaneous mutation rates, an assessment of heritable genetic risk for humans is calculated for the three exposure scenarios. The calculated estimates for offspring from fathers exposed to acrylamide via drinking water are up to three offspring potentially affected with induced genetic disease per 10(8) offspring. Estimates for inhalation or dermal exposures suggest higher risks for induced genetic disease in offspring from fathers exposed in occupational settings. JF - Mutation research AU - Dearfield, K L AU - Douglas, G R AU - Ehling, U H AU - Moore, M M AU - Sega, G A AU - Brusick, D J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 71 EP - 99 VL - 330 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Acrylamides KW - 0 KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - Mutagens KW - Water Pollutants KW - Acrylamide KW - 20R035KLCI KW - glycidamide KW - 6G5ELX5XYN KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Spermatozoa -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Epoxy Compounds -- toxicity KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Acrylamides -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards KW - Germ-Line Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77414659?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Acrylamide%3A+a+review+of+its+genotoxicity+and+an+assessment+of+heritable+genetic+risk.&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+K+L%3BDouglas%2C+G+R%3BEhling%2C+U+H%3BMoore%2C+M+M%3BSega%2C+G+A%3BBrusick%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=330&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Information requirements and regulatory approaches for heritable genetic risk assessment and risk communication. AN - 77414507; 7623869 AB - With the evolution of genetic toxicology as a scientific discipline and the formation of the Environmental Mutagen Society (EMS), much thought was given to the study of chemicals in the human environment for their mutagenic effects. The Society's goal was to promote scientific investigation and dissemination of information related to genetic toxicology. Subsequently, the concern for chemically induced genetic damage in human germ cells and its potential impact on genetic diseases was detailed in the Committee 17 Report (1975). With new information on the involvement of genetic alterations in disease and on the ramifications of possible effects of exposures to environmental mutagens, it is becoming increasingly necessary to again focus our attention on the assessment of heritable genetic effects. Clearly, strategies for communication of genetic hazard/risk assessments to exposed individuals and to those charged with regulating environmental agents need to be developed. JF - Mutation research AU - Dearfield, K L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 35 EP - 40 VL - 330 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Ethylene Oxide KW - JJH7GNN18P KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Risk Assessment KW - Ethylene Oxide -- toxicity KW - Information Services KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Environmental Exposure -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards KW - Germ-Line Mutation KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77414507?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Information+requirements+and+regulatory+approaches+for+heritable+genetic+risk+assessment+and+risk+communication.&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=330&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Germ line specific factors in chemical mutagenesis. AN - 77413906; 7623867 AB - Chemical mutagenesis test results have not revealed evidence of germ line specific mutagens. However, conventional assays have indicated that there are male-female differences in mutagenic response, as well as quantitative/qualitative differences in induced mutations which depend upon the particular cell stage exposed. Many factors inherent in the germ line can be speculated to influence chemical transport to, and interaction with, target cell populations to result in mutagenic outcomes. The level of uncertainty regarding the general operation of such factors, in combination with the limited availability of chemical test data designed to address comparative somatic and germ cell mutagenesis, leaves open the question of whether there are mutagens specifically affecting germ cells. This argues for a conservative approach to interpreting germ cell risk from somatic cell mutation analysis. JF - Mutation research AU - Allen, J W AU - Ehling, U H AU - Moore, M M AU - Lewis, S E AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 219 EP - 231 VL - 330 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Sex Factors KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Meiosis -- physiology KW - Meiosis -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Gene Expression KW - Sertoli Cells -- physiology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Germ Cells -- physiology KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Germ Cells -- drug effects KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- standards KW - Germ-Line Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77413906?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Germ+line+specific+factors+in+chemical+mutagenesis.&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+W%3BEhling%2C+U+H%3BMoore%2C+M+M%3BLewis%2C+S+E&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=330&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coupled iron corrosion and chromate reduction; mechanisms for subsurface remediation AN - 52821486; 1996-055079 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Powell, Robert M AU - Puls, Robert W AU - Hightower, K AU - Sabatini, David A Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 1913 EP - 1922 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 29 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - coupling KW - solution KW - electrochemical properties KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - electron probe data KW - chemical reactions KW - Massachusetts KW - chemical properties KW - oxides KW - chromium KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - corrosion KW - Cape Cod KW - in situ KW - Elizabeth City North Carolina KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - rates KW - chromates KW - aquifers KW - hydroxides KW - Barnstable County Massachusetts KW - metals KW - North Carolina KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52821486?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Coupled+iron+corrosion+and+chromate+reduction%3B+mechanisms+for+subsurface+remediation&rft.au=Powell%2C+Robert+M%3BPuls%2C+Robert+W%3BHightower%2C+K%3BSabatini%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1913&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 54 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; Barnstable County Massachusetts; Cape Cod; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chromates; chromium; corrosion; coupling; electrochemical properties; electron probe data; Elizabeth City North Carolina; ground water; hydroxides; in situ; iron; Massachusetts; metals; North Carolina; oxides; pollutants; pollution; rates; remediation; solution; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of soil water retention models based on basic soil physical properties AN - 50116673; 1995-056423 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Kern, Jeffrey S Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 1134 EP - 1141 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 59 IS - 4 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - hydrology KW - water storage KW - bulk density KW - pressure KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - vegetation KW - models KW - water pressure KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - retention KW - water regimes KW - algorithms KW - organic carbon KW - climate KW - storage KW - changes KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50116673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+soil+water+retention+models+based+on+basic+soil+physical+properties&rft.au=Kern%2C+Jeffrey+S&rft.aulast=Kern&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; bulk density; carbon; changes; climate; hydrology; models; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; physical properties; prediction; pressure; retention; soils; storage; unsaturated zone; vegetation; water pressure; water regimes; water storage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geographic patterns of soil water-holding capacity in the contiguous United States AN - 50113527; 1995-056422 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Kern, Jeffrey S Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 1126 EP - 1133 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 59 IS - 4 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - soils KW - moisture KW - grain size KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - regional patterns KW - models KW - spatial variations KW - size distribution KW - data bases KW - water regimes KW - ecology KW - climate KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50113527?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Geographic+patterns+of+soil+water-holding+capacity+in+the+contiguous+United+States&rft.au=Kern%2C+Jeffrey+S&rft.aulast=Kern&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1126&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - climate; data bases; data processing; ecology; grain size; models; moisture; regional patterns; size distribution; soils; spatial variations; United States; unsaturated zone; water regimes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photochemical redox cycling of iron in coastal seawater AN - 50105332; 1995-068903 AB - Reduced iron, Fe(II), and hydrogen peroxide, H (sub 2) O (sub 2) , were measured in numerous laboratory solar simulation experiments. Under constant irradiation of freshly collected, 0.2 mu m filtered water from Narragansett Bay (NBSW), H (sub 2) O (sub 2) accumulates in a linear fashion for at least 2 h at rates from 30 to 59 nM h (super -1) . Our measurements of Fe(II) accumulation in this study provide some of the first direct measurements of photochemical iron reduction in natural seawater at pH 8 in a controlled laboratory setting. At ambient pH, the peak concentration of Fe(II) ranged from 4 to 8% of the total iron concentration. Lowering the pH resulted in increased Fe(II) concentrations over the entire course of the experiment. Measured H (sub 2) O (sub 2) accumulation, published iron oxide solubility products, and published reaction rates for iron oxidation and reduction by oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and oxygen radicals were used to develop a kinetic model which accounts for the general magnitude and timing of Fe(II) concentration variations observed in our experiments. Our model shows that measured steady state Fe(II) concentrations in irradiated seawater are controlled largely by pH dependent oxidation by oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, and by both oxidation and reduction of iron by photochemically produced superoxide. JF - Marine Chemistry AU - Miller, William L AU - King, D Whitney AU - Lin, Jie AU - Kester, Dana R A2 - Bruland, Kenneth W. A2 - Wells, Mark L. Y1 - 1995/08// PY - 1995 DA - August 1995 SP - 63 EP - 77 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 50 IS - 1-4 SN - 0304-4203, 0304-4203 KW - United States KW - cycles KW - sea water KW - Narragansett Bay KW - Rhode Island KW - iron KW - chemical reactions KW - reduction KW - kinetics KW - pH KW - Eh KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - experimental studies KW - oxidation KW - photochemistry KW - rates KW - solubility KW - measurement KW - ferrous iron KW - models KW - metals KW - hydrogen peroxide KW - coastal environment KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50105332?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Photochemical+redox+cycling+of+iron+in+coastal+seawater&rft.au=Miller%2C+William+L%3BKing%2C+D+Whitney%3BLin%2C+Jie%3BKester%2C+Dana+R&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-08-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Chemistry&rft.issn=03044203&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03044203 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - The chemistry of iron in seawater and its interaction with phytoplankton N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 69 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MRCHBD N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; chemical reactions; coastal environment; cycles; Eh; experimental studies; ferrous iron; hydrogen peroxide; iron; kinetics; measurement; metals; models; Narragansett Bay; North Atlantic; Northwest Atlantic; oxidation; pH; photochemistry; rates; reduction; Rhode Island; sea water; solubility; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone-induced tissue injury and changes in antioxidant homeostasis in normal and ascorbate-deficient guinea pigs. AN - 77437100; 7632169 AB - It has been reported previously that ozone (O3) toxicity from acute (4 hr) exposure is enhanced by ascorbate (AH2) deficiency in guinea pigs. We hypothesized that lung injury from continuous 1-week O3 exposure would also be increased under conditions of AH2 deficiency because of (1) a diminished antioxidant pool to counteract the oxidant challenge, (2) impaired reparation of tissue injury, and/or (3) altered antioxidant redox homeostasis. Female Hartley guinea pigs (260-330 g) were made AH2 deficient by providing a diet similar to guinea pig chow, but having no AH2. The dietary regimen was started 1 week prior to exposure and was continued during exposure to O3 (0, 0.2, 0.4, or 0.8 ppm, 23 hr/day, 7 days) as well as 1 week post-exposure. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and tissue AH2 were measured in subgroups at the beginning of exposure (1 week on the AH2-deficient diet), at its termination and 1 week post-exposure. AH2 measured in ear tissue punches proved to be an easy and effective monitor for AH2 deficiency. One week on the AH2-deficient diet caused a 70-80% drop in ear, lung and liver AH2, while AH2 in BAL was decreased by 90%. Immediately after the exposure, total BAL protein and albumin (markers of lung permeability) were increased (approximately 50%) at 0.8 ppm with no difference between the dietary groups. O3 caused an increase in total BAL cells and neutrophils in a concentration-dependent manner with only a slight augmentation due to diet. Exposure to O3 caused an increase in lung and BAL AH2 in normal guinea pigs. Glutathione and uric acid were also increased in the lung and BAL after O3 exposure (40-570%) in both dietary groups, and the levels remained elevated during the recovery period. Lung alpha-tocopherol was not changed due to O3. A significant overall diet-related decrease was seen in AH2-deficient guinea pigs, immediately after the exposure and recovery. In summary, lung injury/inflammation following 1 week O3 exposure and recovery were minimally affected by AH2 deficiency. Antioxidants also appeared to increase in response to O3 exposure despite the deficiency in AH2. JF - Biochemical pharmacology AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Costa, D L AU - Dreher, K L AU - Crissman, K AU - Hatch, G E AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/07/17/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jul 17 SP - 243 EP - 251 VL - 50 IS - 2 SN - 0006-2952, 0006-2952 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Vitamin E KW - 1406-18-4 KW - Uric Acid KW - 268B43MJ25 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Ascorbic Acid KW - PQ6CK8PD0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Ascorbic Acid -- administration & dosage KW - Cell Count KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Vitamin E -- analysis KW - Homeostasis KW - Ascorbic Acid -- analysis KW - Organ Size KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- chemistry KW - Uric Acid -- analysis KW - Glutathione -- analysis KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Female KW - Ascorbic Acid Deficiency -- metabolism KW - Antioxidants -- metabolism KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77437100?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Ozone-induced+tissue+injury+and+changes+in+antioxidant+homeostasis+in+normal+and+ascorbate-deficient+guinea+pigs.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+U+P%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BDreher%2C+K+L%3BCrissman%2C+K%3BHatch%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1995-07-17&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+pharmacology&rft.issn=00062952&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of pulmonary responses of asthmatic and nonasthmatic subjects performing light exercise while exposed to a low level of ozone. AN - 77909362; 8748419 AB - To determine if asthmatic subjects (ASTH, n = 17) experience greater O3-induced pulmonary decrements than nonasthmatic subjects (NONA, n = 13), both groups were exposed for 7.6 h to both clean air and 0.16 ppm O3. Exposures consisted of seven 50-min periods of light exercise (VE = 14.2 and 15.3 l/min/m2 for ASTH and NONA, respectively), each followed by 10 min rest. A 35-min lunch period followed the third exercise. Following O3 exposure, decrements in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and FEV1 divided by forced vital capacity (FVC), corrected for air exposure, for ASTH (-19.4 +/- 3.1% and -6.2 +/- 2%, respectively) were significantly greater (p = 0.04 and 0.02) than for NONA (-9.8 +/- 1.9% and -1 +/- 1%, respectively). There was no difference (p = 0.33) for decrements in FVC between ASTH (-11.8 +/- 1.9%) and NONA (-8.8 +/- 2.1%). Nine of 17 ASTH experienced wheezing with O3, while only one experienced wheezing with air (p = 0.004); no NONA experienced wheezing. Six of 17 ASTH requested inhaled beta-agonist bronchodilator prior to and/or during O3 exposure and experienced some temporary alleviation of decrements. At end exposure, however, ASTH who were medicated had greater O3-induced decrements than those who were not medicated. ASTH who had the larger O3-induced decrements had lower baseline FEV1/FVC and lower baseline %predicted FEV1. These data indicate that in ASTH, unlike NONA, some portion of O3-induced pulmonary decrements experienced was related to bronchoconstriction, and that O3-responsiveness for ASTH depended upon baseline airway status. JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Horstman, D H AU - Ball, B A AU - Brown, J AU - Gerrity, T AU - Folinsbee, L J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 369 EP - 385 VL - 11 IS - 4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Exercise KW - Asthma -- physiopathology KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77909362?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+pulmonary+responses+of+asthmatic+and+nonasthmatic+subjects+performing+light+exercise+while+exposed+to+a+low+level+of+ozone.&rft.au=Horstman%2C+D+H%3BBall%2C+B+A%3BBrown%2C+J%3BGerrity%2C+T%3BFolinsbee%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Horstman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Overview of important design issues for a National Human Exposure Assessment Survey. AN - 77818922; 8814772 AB - Exposure issues have important consequences for regulatory decisions. Reliable answers to exposure questions are critical for site cleanup, model validation, and cumulative risk issues, as well as giving perspective on our risk estimates. This paper discusses some of the important issues in designing the National Human Exposure Assessment Survey (NHEXAS) and, by implication, other exposure-monitoring-based studies as well. Sampling design issues are discussed in terms useful to exposure assessors. These issues include simple random sample designs versus more complex multistage designs, design efficiency, how to determine the sample size for the desired precision of the estimate, and the effects of stratification and oversampling on the needed sample size. This paper also discusses several important nonsampling issues such as population definition, response rates, and several potential sources of error in interpreting the monitoring results. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Callahan, M A AU - Clickner, R P AU - Whitmore, R W AU - Kalton, G AU - Sexton, K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 257 EP - 282 VL - 5 IS - 3 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Data Collection KW - Sample Size KW - Research Design KW - Population Surveillance -- methods KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Sampling Studies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77818922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Overview+of+important+design+issues+for+a+National+Human+Exposure+Assessment+Survey.&rft.au=Callahan%2C+M+A%3BClickner%2C+R+P%3BWhitmore%2C+R+W%3BKalton%2C+G%3BSexton%2C+K&rft.aulast=Callahan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-04 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of sulfonylurea herbicides in grains by capillary electrophoresis. AN - 77653747; 7580322 AB - A capillary electrophoresis (CE) method was developed to separate and determine residues of 5 sulfonylurea herbicides in grains (wheat, barley, and corn). This work demonstrated the practicality of using CE for residue analysis of sulfonylureas. The method yielded good recoveries and adequate sensitivities at tolerance levels (0.05-0.1 ppm). The compounds investigated were metsulfuron methyl (Ally), thifensulfuron methyl (Harmony), chlorsulfuron (Glean), rimsulfuron (DPX-E9636), and tribenuron methyl (Express). Acetonitrile extracts of grain samples were partitioned with hexane and then cleaned up with cation exchange solid-phase extraction cartridges. Quantitation was performed by micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography using a high-sensitivity optical cell. Average recoveries at the 0.05 ppm level ranged from 72.9 to 118.5%. The lower limit of detection was approximately 0.02 ppm, except for rimsulfuron and tribenuron methyl, for which the lower limit of detection was 0.035 ppm. The method was less complicated and showed better sensitivity than current single-analyte liquid chromatographic enforcement methods. JF - Journal of AOAC International AU - Krynitsky, A J AU - Swineford, D M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 1091 EP - 1096 VL - 78 IS - 4 SN - 1060-3271, 1060-3271 KW - Acetonitriles KW - 0 KW - Herbicides KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds KW - acetonitrile KW - Z072SB282N KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Electrophoresis -- methods KW - Zea mays -- chemistry KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Hordeum -- chemistry KW - Triticum -- chemistry KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds -- analysis KW - Edible Grain -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77653747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.atitle=Determination+of+sulfonylurea+herbicides+in+grains+by+capillary+electrophoresis.&rft.au=Krynitsky%2C+A+J%3BSwineford%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Krynitsky&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1091&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+AOAC+International&rft.issn=10603271&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-28 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mortality following cotton defoliation: San Joaquin Valley, California, 1970-1990. AN - 77563373; 7552465 AB - A proportional mortality study comparing the cotton-growing areas of the San Joaquin Valley with the rest of the State of California was performed by the Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment as a continuation of earlier studies related to mercaptan-releasing pesticides. This mortality study found a pattern of increased proportion of "respiratory causes" mortality (ICD codes 460-519), statistically significant at less than the .05 probability level, for 15 of 21 years between 1970 and 1990, for the time period during and immediately following cotton defoliation. Defoliants which have the potential to produce acute symptoms include DEF and Folex, both of which release odorous butyl mercaptan gas as a degradation product. This paper tests the hypothesis that exposure to cotton defoliant breakdown products may be associated with a disproportionate increase in mortality. Prediction of the mortality proportions by pounds of DEF and Folex used was not statistically significant in the unadjusted models or in models adjusted for air pollution variables. One air pollution adjustment factor, total suspended particulates, was a statistically significant independent mortality proportion predictor. This finding suggests that total suspended particulates, not defoliants, may be related to mortality differentials during defoliation season. Possible confounding by demographic variation of the counties was not controlled in the analysis. JF - Journal of occupational and environmental medicine AU - Ames, R G AU - Gregson, J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Pesticide and Environmental Toxicology Section, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 812 EP - 819 VL - 37 IS - 7 SN - 1076-2752, 1076-2752 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Defoliants, Chemical KW - Organothiophosphates KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds KW - butyl phosphorotrithioate KW - 78-48-8 KW - merphos KW - RN743HTX76 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - California -- epidemiology KW - Defoliants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Organothiophosphates -- adverse effects KW - Defoliants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds -- analysis KW - Organothiophosphorus Compounds -- adverse effects KW - Lung Diseases -- mortality KW - Organothiophosphates -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Gossypium UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77563373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.atitle=Mortality+following+cotton+defoliation%3A+San+Joaquin+Valley%2C+California%2C+1970-1990.&rft.au=Ames%2C+R+G%3BGregson%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ames&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=812&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+occupational+and+environmental+medicine&rft.issn=10762752&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Collection of a single alveolar exhaled breath for volatile organic compounds analysis. AN - 77528699; 7573070 AB - Measurement of specific organic compounds in exhaled breath has been used as an indicator of recent exposure to pollutants or as an indicator of the health of an individual. A typical application involves the collection of multiple breaths onto a sorbent cartridge or into an evacuated canister with the use of a relatively complex sampling apparatus. A new method has been developed wherein a single exhaled breath is directly transferred from the mouth into an evacuated 1 l or 1.8 l stainless steel SUMMA canister. The single breath canister (SBC) method avoids the necessity for a complex sampling system requiring maintenance and cleaning and allows easy collection of samples. Additionally, it is possible to collect a rapid sequence of samples from a subject to establish the elimination curve subsequent to an exposure to specific volatile organic compounds with a theoretical resolution of adjacent breaths. The SBC method was compared to an accepted canister based sampling system to assure comparability and then used to demonstrate its utility by measuring the absorption and elimination of chloroform during and after exposure to chlorinated shower water. JF - American journal of industrial medicine AU - Pleil, J D AU - Lindstrom, A B AD - Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 109 EP - 121 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0271-3586, 0271-3586 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Carbon Dioxide KW - 142M471B3J KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Index Medicus KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Carbon Dioxide -- analysis KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Water Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Chloroform -- metabolism KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- metabolism KW - Breath Tests -- instrumentation KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77528699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.atitle=Collection+of+a+single+alveolar+exhaled+breath+for+volatile+organic+compounds+analysis.&rft.au=Pleil%2C+J+D%3BLindstrom%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Pleil&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+industrial+medicine&rft.issn=02713586&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-23 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Frequency of micronucleated-binucleated lymphocytes is not significantly affected by the harvest time following G0 exposure to X-radiation. AN - 77435177; 7629433 AB - Whole blood from two male individuals was X-irradiated using a linear accelerator at 200 cGy/min to give a total exposure of 300 cGy. Lymphocytes were cultured using standard techniques with the addition of 3 micrograms/ml cytochalasin B at 26 h to produce binucleation through the inhibition of cytokinesis for the scoring of micronuclei after the first nuclear division. Replicate cultures from each individual were harvested at 48, 68, 70, 72, 74, 76, 92, 94, 96, 98 and 100 h postinitiation using a cytocentrifuge. Slides were stained with acridine orange, and binucleated cells were scored for the presence of micronuclei. There were no statistically significant differences in the frequency of micronucleated binucleates between replicate cultures, between individuals, or among cultures harvested from 48 to 100 h postinitiation. This indicates that the phytohaemagglutinin-stimulated lymphocytes are a relatively homogeneous population of cells with respect to X-radiation-induced chromosome damage. In addition, these data show that for determining the frequency of micronuclei in lymphocytes irradiated in G0, the harvest time (up to at least 100 h postinitiation) is not critical as long as analysis is confined to the first mitosis after irradiation (i.e. the binucleated cells). JF - International journal of radiation biology AU - Kligerman, A D AU - King, S C AD - Mutagenesis and Cellular Toxicology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 19 EP - 23 VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0955-3002, 0955-3002 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - X-Rays KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Interphase KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Lymphocytes -- radiation effects KW - Lymphocytes -- ultrastructure KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective -- radiation effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77435177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+journal+of+radiation+biology&rft.atitle=Frequency+of+micronucleated-binucleated+lymphocytes+is+not+significantly+affected+by+the+harvest+time+following+G0+exposure+to+X-radiation.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BKing%2C+S+C&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+journal+of+radiation+biology&rft.issn=09553002&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature regulation and metabolism in rats exposed perinatally to dioxin: permanent change in regulated body temperature? AN - 77368684; 7597705 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) has been shown to lower thyroxine levels and cause hypothermia in the adult rat; however, there is little known regarding the perinatal effects of TCDD on metabolism and temperature regulation of the offspring. To address this issue, thermoregulatory responses were assessed in adult male rat offspring exposed perinatally to 1.0 micrograms TCDD/kg body wt by gavage on Gestational Day 15. Individual castrated offspring were placed in a gradient-layer calorimeter for 5 hr during their nocturnal period while ambient temperature (Ta) was maintained at 10, 16, 24, or 28 degrees C. Metabolic rate (M), as measured from the total heat loss in the calorimeter, was determined along with evaporative heat loss (EHL), dry thermal conductance, and body core temperature (Tc). Animals exposed to TCDD had a significantly lower body temperature at TaS of 10, 16, and 24 degrees C and a higher thermal conductance. M was unaffected by TCDD, indicating that TCDD did not impair the effector to regulate Tc during cold exposure. EHL was also unaffected by TCDD. Skin blood flow of the interscapular area was measured in anesthetized rats with laser Doppler velocimetry and found to be the same in control and TCDD groups. The reduction in body temperature over a wide range of TaS concomitant with normal thermoregulatory effector function suggests that perinatal exposure to TCDD results in a reduction in the regulated body temperature (i.e., decrease in set-point). JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gordon, C J AU - Gray, L E AU - Monteiro-Riviere, N A AU - Miller, D B AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 172 EP - 176 VL - 133 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Adipose Tissue, Brown -- metabolism KW - Regional Blood Flow -- drug effects KW - Adipose Tissue, Brown -- drug effects KW - Skin -- blood supply KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77368684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Temperature+regulation+and+metabolism+in+rats+exposed+perinatally+to+dioxin%3A+permanent+change+in+regulated+body+temperature%3F&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BGray%2C+L+E%3BMonteiro-Riviere%2C+N+A%3BMiller%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=172&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-03 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermal encapsulation of metals in Superfund soils AN - 52780931; 1996-080168 JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Lees, John N AU - Richards, Marta K AU - McGowan, Thomas F AU - Carnes, Richard A Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 514 EP - 520 PB - Air & Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA VL - 45 IS - 7 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - experimental studies KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - thermal properties KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - remediation KW - physical properties KW - reagents KW - thermal encapsulation process KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - chemical composition KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52780931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Thermal+encapsulation+of+metals+in+Superfund+soils&rft.au=Lees%2C+John+N%3BRichards%2C+Marta+K%3BMcGowan%2C+Thomas+F%3BCarnes%2C+Richard+A&rft.aulast=Lees&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=514&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical composition; experimental studies; hazardous waste; heavy metals; leaching; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; reagents; reclamation; remediation; soil treatment; soils; Superfund; techniques; thermal encapsulation process; thermal properties; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Establishing quantitative performance criteria for wetland restoration and creation projects AN - 52110342; 2002-037185 JF - Report - California Water Resources Center AU - Kentula, Mary E A2 - Harris, Richard R. A2 - Kattelmann, Rick A2 - Kerner, Hannah A2 - Woled, Jeff Y1 - 1995/07// PY - 1995 DA - July 1995 SP - 111 EP - 114 PB - University of California, Water Resources Center, Riverside, CA VL - 86 SN - 0575-4968, 0575-4968 KW - soils KW - programs KW - restoration KW - marshes KW - legislation KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - ecosystems KW - evaluation KW - constructed wetlands KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - wetlands KW - quantitative analysis KW - Clean Water Act KW - species diversity KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52110342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Report+-+California+Water+Resources+Center&rft.atitle=Establishing+quantitative+performance+criteria+for+wetland+restoration+and+creation+projects&rft.au=Kentula%2C+Mary+E&rft.aulast=Kentula&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1995-07-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=1887192026&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Report+-+California+Water+Resources+Center&rft.issn=05754968&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Watersheds '94; respect, rethink, restore; Fifth biennial watershed management conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - RUCCD8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clean Water Act; constructed wetlands; ecosystems; evaluation; government agencies; legislation; marshes; mires; organic compounds; programs; quantitative analysis; restoration; soils; species diversity; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistent DDT metabolite p,p'-DDE is a potent androgen receptor antagonist. AN - 77347102; 7791873 AB - The increase in the number of reports of abnormalities in male sex development in wildlife and humans coincided with the introduction of 'oestrogenic' chemicals such as DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane) into the environment. Although these phenotypic alterations are thought to be mediated by the oestrogen receptor, they are also consistent with inhibition of androgen receptor-mediated events. Here we report that the major and persistent DDT metabolite, p,p'-DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene), has little ability to bind the oestrogen receptor, but inhibits androgen binding to the androgen receptor, androgen-induced transcriptional activity, and androgen action in developing, pubertal and adult male rats. The results suggest that abnormalities in male sex development induced by p,p'-DDE and related environmental chemicals may be mediated at the level of the androgen receptor. JF - Nature AU - Kelce, W R AU - Stone, C R AU - Laws, S C AU - Gray, L E AU - Kemppainen, J A AU - Wilson, E M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/06/15/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jun 15 SP - 581 EP - 585 VL - 375 IS - 6532 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - Androgen Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Androgen Receptor Antagonists KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene KW - 4M7FS82U08 KW - DDT KW - CIW5S16655 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sexual Maturation -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Molecular Structure KW - Animals KW - Transcription, Genetic -- drug effects KW - DDT -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Genes, Reporter KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Haplorhini KW - Cell Line KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- chemistry KW - Androgen Antagonists -- toxicity KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- metabolism KW - Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77347102?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Persistent+DDT+metabolite+p%2Cp%27-DDE+is+a+potent+androgen+receptor+antagonist.&rft.au=Kelce%2C+W+R%3BStone%2C+C+R%3BLaws%2C+S+C%3BGray%2C+L+E%3BKemppainen%2C+J+A%3BWilson%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Kelce&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-06-15&rft.volume=375&rft.issue=6532&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Nature. 1995 Jun 15;375(6532):538-9 [7791867] Nature. 1995 Jun 15;375(6532):522 [7791858] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fossil fuel biodegradation: laboratory studies. AN - 77774817; 8565917 AB - Biodegradation of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of creosote by undefined bacterial cultures was shown to be accompanied by the accumulation of neutral and acidic oxidation products. Formation of a number of identified neutral products is accounted for by demonstration of anomalous actions of an arene dioxygenase on the benzylic methylene and methylene carbons of napthenoaromatic hydrocarbons. Both neutral and acidic water-soluble fractions are also formed when various mixed bacterial cultures degrade weathered crude oil. While constituents of these fractions are not yet identified, the neutral materials have been shown to be toxic to developing embryos of invertebrates. These observations are discussed in relation to chemical and toxicological assessments of biodegradation of the complex chemical mixtures of fossil fuels. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Chapman, P J AU - Shelton, M AU - Grifoll, M AU - Selifonov, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561-5299, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 79 EP - 83 VL - 103 Suppl 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Fossil Fuels KW - 0 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - Petroleum KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Creosote KW - 8021-39-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Creosote -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Hydrocarbons -- metabolism KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77774817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Fossil+fuel+biodegradation%3A+laboratory+studies.&rft.au=Chapman%2C+P+J%3BShelton%2C+M%3BGrifoll%2C+M%3BSelifonov%2C+S&rft.aulast=Chapman&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=79&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Bacteriol. 1975 Jan;121(1):272-85 [234937] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1991 May;57(5):1277-85 [1854192] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1994 Jul;60(7):2438-49 [8074523] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1993 May 28;193(1):67-76 [8503940] J Bacteriol. 1992 Dec;174(23):7542-54 [1447127] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of the uptake of a reactive gas in a rat respiratory tract model with an asymmetric tracheobronchial region patterned on complete conducting airway cast data. AN - 77624772; 7554854 AB - Generally, the uptake of reactive gases by the respiratory tract is simulated assuming that all paths from the trachea to the most distal airspaces are equivalent. As this is not the case, especially for nonhumans, the adequacy of this approach to predict doses that can be useful in the fields of toxicology and risk assessment is subject to question. To explore this issue, a dosimetry model is developed which combines the use of one-dimensional convection-dispersion equations in conjunction with multiple path anatomic models so that the dosimetry model simultaneously simulates transport and uptake in all the airways and airspaces of the anatomic model. For this work, the anatomic model of the tracheobronchial (TB) region is patterned on cast data which describe the dimensions and branching network of the 4807 airways of the TB region of a rat. Distal to each of the 2404 terminal bronchioles of the anatomical model, the air space is modeled as a single path. The results presented are preliminary; they focus on the predictions themselves to obtain an understanding of what the model has to say about uptake in a complex set of branching airways. Results include the following predictions: (1) Regardless of path there is a similarity along different paths in the shape of concentration profiles as well as a similarity in the shape of dose profiles. (2) Along a path in the TB or pulmonary region, dose decreases distally. (3) Generally, proximal alveolar region (PAR, a region of major morphological damage due to O3 and NO2) dose decreases the more distal the PAR. (4) There is considerable variation in the doses of the different airways or alveolar surfaces in the same generation. (5) The maximum and minimum PAR doses do not correspond to paths with, respectively, the smallest and largest number of generations from the trachea to the PAR. (6) The ratio of the maximum to minimum PAR dose is very sensitive to tidal volume. These results give a more realistic understanding of respiratory tract gas transport and uptake. The model also predicts aspects that equivalent path models cannot, such as the dose distribution of different but morphologically equivalent sites. JF - Computers and biomedical research, an international journal AU - Overton, J H AU - Graham, R C AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 171 EP - 190 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0010-4809, 0010-4809 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Nitrogen Dioxide KW - S7G510RUBH KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Pulmonary Ventilation KW - Pulmonary Alveoli -- metabolism KW - Functional Residual Capacity KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Respiration KW - Algorithms KW - Forecasting KW - Tidal Volume KW - Models, Anatomic KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- pharmacokinetics KW - Computer Simulation KW - Respiratory Transport KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- administration & dosage KW - Trachea -- metabolism KW - Bronchi -- metabolism KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Models, Biological KW - Ozone -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77624772?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Computers+and+biomedical+research%2C+an+international+journal&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+the+uptake+of+a+reactive+gas+in+a+rat+respiratory+tract+model+with+an+asymmetric+tracheobronchial+region+patterned+on+complete+conducting+airway+cast+data.&rft.au=Overton%2C+J+H%3BGraham%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Overton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Computers+and+biomedical+research%2C+an+international+journal&rft.issn=00104809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-13 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multidisciplinary approach to toxicological screening: I. Systemic toxicity. AN - 77339376; 7783250 AB - The toxicity of 10 chemicals, including pesticides (carbaryl, chlordane, heptachlor, and triadimefon), solvents (carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, tetrachloroethylene, and trichloroethylene), and industrial chemicals [diethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) and phenol] was examined in the liver, kidneys, spleen, thymus, and adrenals of female F344 rats after 1 or 14 d of oral dosing. For each chemical, 4 doses were based on fractions of the acute LD50, which was estimated using an abbreviated (up-and-down) method. A multivariate analysis (MANOVA) was conducted for each organ using selected measures of toxicity. A post hoc contrast analysis was also conducted for significant MANOVA results in order to determine effective and ineffective doses. A single dose of heptachlor resulted in necrotic lymphocytes in the spleen and thymus at doses > or = 23 mg/kg. Triadimefon altered liver and spleen weights; this effect has not been described previously. Dichloromethane (> or = 337 mg/kg/d for 14 d) increased the incidence of necrosis of individual centrilobular hepatocytes. Trichloroethylene-induced hepatotoxicity was obtained at doses an order of magnitude lower than those reported in the literature. Acute DEHP (150 mg/kg) increased mitotic figures in hepatocytes, which were replaced by hepatocellular cytomegaly after 14 d of dosing at the same level. Following phenol exposure, there was an increased incidence in hepatocellular necrosis at 1 d, and an increased incidence of kidney lesions at 1 and 14 d; these findings were considered to be the result of vascular stasis. Overall, the algorithm used to select doses was effective for both 1- or 14-d dosing regimens. For all chemicals except carbon tetrachloride, the lowest effective dose for systemic toxicity was within the range of 3-56% of the LD50 for acute dosing, and 1-30% of the LD50 for repeated administration. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Berman, E AU - Schlicht, M AU - Moser, V C AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 127 EP - 143 VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Phenols KW - Solvents KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate KW - C42K0PH13C KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Algorithms KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Adrenal Glands -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Multivariate Analysis KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Phenols -- administration & dosage KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate -- administration & dosage KW - Solvents -- administration & dosage KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate -- toxicity KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77339376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=A+multidisciplinary+approach+to+toxicological+screening%3A+I.+Systemic+toxicity.&rft.au=Berman%2C+E%3BSchlicht%2C+M%3BMoser%2C+V+C%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Berman&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-20 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A multidisciplinary approach to toxicological screening: III. Neurobehavioral toxicity. AN - 77334798; 7783252 AB - The neurobehavioral effects of 10 known toxicants were examined as part of a multidisciplinary screening battery. The toxicants included carbaryl (CAR), triadimefon (TDM), heptachlor (HEP), chlordane (CDN), diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), phenol, trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PER or perchlorethylene), and dichloromethane (DCM or methylene chloride). A functional observational battery and motor activity measurements were conducted before exposure, at specified times after an acute exposure, and during and after 14-d exposure. Severity scoring analysis was used to generate profiles of effect. The pesticides, CAR, TDM, HEP, and CDN, displayed the most acute neurotoxicity and were active at lower proportions of their respective acute LD50 values than were the solvents or the industrial chemicals. Although CAR and TDM showed little or no neurobehavioral effects with repeated dosing, cumulative neurotoxicity and lethality were evident with HEP and CDN. Phenol produced acute convulsive effects, and the most prominent finding with repeated exposure was lethality. DEHP displayed no neurobehavioral toxicity. The organic solvents, TCE, PER, CCl4, and DCM, produced various degrees of general nervous system depression following acute administration of high dose levels. Repeated dosing produced little or no effect with TCE or PER, marked physiological changes with CCl4, and cumulative toxicity and lethality with DCM. Some results of these studies were unexpected and should provide impetus for further research. Overall, these findings illustrate the utility of these screening methods. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Moser, V C AU - Cheek, B M AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Neurotoxicology Division (MD-74B), Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 173 EP - 210 VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Phenols KW - Solvents KW - Phenol KW - 339NCG44TV KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate KW - C42K0PH13C KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Neurotoxins -- administration & dosage KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Female KW - Phenols -- administration & dosage KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate -- administration & dosage KW - Solvents -- administration & dosage KW - Diethylhexyl Phthalate -- toxicity KW - Phenols -- toxicity KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77334798?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=A+multidisciplinary+approach+to+toxicological+screening%3A+III.+Neurobehavioral+toxicity.&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C%3BCheek%2C+B+M%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-20 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of an in vitro teratology system using chiral substances: stereoselective teratogenicity of 4-yn-valproic acid in cultured mouse embryos. AN - 77334541; 7785058 AB - In vitro systems are important for toxicity testing as well as for investigating the mechanism of action of xenobiotics. The validation of such in vitro systems is often incomplete and extrapolation to the in vivo situation is equivocal. In the present study, we studied the effects of enantiomers of an analogue of the antiepileptic drug valproic acid (VPA): R(+)- and S(-)-4-yn-VPA (R- and S-2-n-propyl-4-pentynoic acid), which have previously been shown to induce selective teratogenicity in mice after in vivo administration, in mouse whole-embryo culture (WEC). Aqueous solutions of the sodium salts of the pure R- and S-enantiomers as well as R,S-4-yn-VPA (racemic mixture) or VPA itself were added to the culture medium at 0, 0.075, 0.15, 0.3, 0.6, or 1.2 mmol/liter and embryos were evaluated 24 hr later. The S-4-yn-VPA enantiomer induced clear concentration-dependent dysmorphogenesis that was evident even at the lowest concentration. The primary anomalies were neural tube defects, erratic neural seams, blisters, and rotational defects. Embryolethality was observed at 1.2 mmol/liter. The R-4-yn-VPA enantiomer was neither embryotoxic nor dysmorphogenic at any tested concentration. The lack of biological activity over 24 hr in WEC with the R-enantiomer suggests also that, as previously shown in vivo, there was no racemization of this isomer to the more active S-enantiomer. The racemic mixture of R and S isomers appeared to be slightly more embryolethal and dysmorphogenic than VPA. Overall, the potency of the S-enantiomer was approximately four times that of VPA. Therefore, the rank order of the four chemicals tested was S(-) >> S(-), R(+) > VPA >>> R(+), which is in agreement with the effects observed in in vivo exposed mice. These data demonstrate a direct stereoselective effect of these compounds on the embryo. This is the first illustration of the stereoselectivity of a xenobiotic in the WEC in vitro test system. Pure and stable enantiomers, which induce stereoselective toxicity in vivo, are demonstrated to be valuable for validation of this in vitro system. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Andrews, J E AU - Ebron-McCoy, M AU - Bojic, U AU - Nau, H AU - Kavlock, R J AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 310 EP - 316 VL - 132 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Valproic Acid KW - 614OI1Z5WI KW - Index Medicus KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Mice KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Valproic Acid -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77334541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Validation+of+an+in+vitro+teratology+system+using+chiral+substances%3A+stereoselective+teratogenicity+of+4-yn-valproic+acid+in+cultured+mouse+embryos.&rft.au=Andrews%2C+J+E%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M%3BBojic%2C+U%3BNau%2C+H%3BKavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=132&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=310&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Invading and metastasizing cardiac hemangioendothelial neoplasms in a cohort of the fish Rivulus marmoratus: unusually high prevalence, histopathology, and possible etiologies. AN - 77288893; 7757998 AB - An unusually high, unprecedented prevalence of cardiac hemangioendotheliomata, including hemangiomas, hemangioendotheliomas, and hemangioendotheliosarcomas, was found in a laboratory cohort of the small, teleost fish Rivulus marmoratus. The neoplasms occurred in 51 of 204 fish (25%) used in a carcinogenicity study of butylated hydroxyanisole fed in a lyophilized chicken liver diet for up to 9 months. The cardiac neoplasms occurred in approximately equal numbers of both control (fed lyophilized chicken liver but not exposed to butylated hydroxyanisole) and exposed (fed 0.8% butylated hydroxyanisole in chicken liver) fish. The neoplasms occurred in the bulbus arteriosus and ventricle (accompanied by an intense epicarditis), and in some cases, in the gills. At least one case of hemangioma was characterized by cavernous vessels in the bulbar wall. Hemangioendothelioma cases consisted of pleomorphic endothelial cells that formed continuous tracts and anastomosing, typical vascular channels of varying sizes. The hemangioendotheliosarcomas consisted of atypical, spindle, polygonal, or round endothelial cells that formed solid tumor masses that contained abnormal vessels with atypical endothelium tufting into their lumina. Some fish had neoplasm cases containing varying regions with mixtures of the above features. Incipient neoplasms occurred on/in the semilunar valves, and their cells appeared to invade the adjacent walls of the bulbus and/or the ventricle. The gill lesions represented possible metastatic neoplasms, probably formed by atypical endothelial cells that exfoliated from the edges of cardiac neoplasms into the lumina of the ventricle or bulbus and were then pumped to the arterioles of the gills via the ventral aorta. Fish examined from the original colony in the laboratory and from the wild had no neoplasms. Possible causes are discussed, and studies are under way in an attempt to determine the etiology of the neoplasm and to evaluate Rivulus marmoratus as a possible model organism for study of these types of cardiac neoplasms. JF - Cancer research AU - Couch, J A AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA. Y1 - 1995/06/01/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Jun 01 SP - 2438 EP - 2447 VL - 55 IS - 11 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - Index Medicus KW - Neoplasm Invasiveness KW - Animals KW - Gills -- pathology KW - Fishes KW - Cohort Studies KW - Neoplasm Metastasis KW - Prevalence KW - Hemangioendothelioma -- veterinary KW - Fish Diseases -- etiology KW - Fish Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Fish Diseases -- pathology KW - Heart Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Heart Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Heart Neoplasms -- veterinary KW - Hemangioendothelioma -- epidemiology KW - Hemangioendothelioma -- etiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77288893?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+research&rft.atitle=Invading+and+metastasizing+cardiac+hemangioendothelial+neoplasms+in+a+cohort+of+the+fish+Rivulus+marmoratus%3A+unusually+high+prevalence%2C+histopathology%2C+and+possible+etiologies.&rft.au=Couch%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2438&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-29 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The vertical zoning of mineral water hydrochemistry in Zhengzhou and its occurrence AN - 52763787; 1997-004907 AB - Through correlation analysis, the paper builds mathematical expression between the total hardness, degree of mineralization, Sr metasilicic acid of mineral water and the roof depth of aquifer. Discussion is on hydrochemistry types, pH value free carbon dioxide and mining environment, the hydrochemical characteristics of vertical direction, and zonation regularity of vertical direction hydrochemistry bounded by 350-400m, 550-600m depth. The paper also preliminarily approaches the genesis of all kinds of composition of mineral water and occurrence regularity, and provides the basis for the exploitation, protection, management and scientific programs relating to mineral water. JF - Henan Dizhi = Henan Geology AU - Wang, Jianhua Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 288 EP - 292 PB - Henan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources, Henan VL - 13 IS - 4 SN - 1006-320X, 1006-320X KW - alkaline earth metals KW - Zhengzhou China KW - Far East KW - Henan China KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - carbon dioxide KW - aquifers KW - metals KW - occurrence KW - hardness KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - zoning KW - strontium KW - pH KW - mineral waters KW - China KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52763787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Henan+Dizhi+%3D+Henan+Geology&rft.atitle=The+vertical+zoning+of+mineral+water+hydrochemistry+in+Zhengzhou+and+its+occurrence&rft.au=Wang%2C+Jianhua&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.aufirst=Jianhua&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=288&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Henan+Dizhi+%3D+Henan+Geology&rft.issn=1006320X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by National Geological Library, Beijing, China N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aquifers; Asia; carbon dioxide; China; Far East; geochemistry; ground water; hardness; Henan China; hydrochemistry; metals; mineral waters; occurrence; pH; statistical analysis; strontium; Zhengzhou China; zoning ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of metal removal and toxicity reduction in a low sulfate mine drainage by constructed wetlands AN - 52375952; 2000-024805 JF - Proceedings of the Annual National Meeting - American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation AU - Farmer, Garry H AU - Updegraff, David M AU - Lazorchak, James M AU - Bates, Edward R A2 - Schuman, Gerald E. A2 - Vance, George F. Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 78 EP - 89 PB - American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation, [Princeton, WV] VL - 12 KW - United States KW - zinc KW - mines KW - concentration KW - sulfate ion KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollutants KW - Clear Creek County Colorado KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - constructed wetlands KW - toxicity KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - Burleigh Tunnel KW - reduction KW - Silver Plume Colorado KW - Colorado KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52375952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+National+Meeting+-+American+Society+for+Surface+Mining+and+Reclamation&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+metal+removal+and+toxicity+reduction+in+a+low+sulfate+mine+drainage+by+constructed+wetlands&rft.au=Farmer%2C+Garry+H%3BUpdegraff%2C+David+M%3BLazorchak%2C+James+M%3BBates%2C+Edward+R&rft.aulast=Farmer&rft.aufirst=Garry&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=&rft.spage=78&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Annual+National+Meeting+-+American+Society+for+Surface+Mining+and+Reclamation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 12th annual national meeting of the American Society for Surface Mining and Reclamation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - WV] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03219 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; bacteria; bioremediation; Burleigh Tunnel; chemical composition; Clear Creek County Colorado; Colorado; concentration; constructed wetlands; geochemistry; metals; mines; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; Silver Plume Colorado; sulfate ion; toxicity; United States; wetlands; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical support for EPA's site cleanup rule AN - 1011393114; 2012-042356 JF - Health Physics AU - Wolbarst, A B AU - Doehnert, M AU - Hull, H B AU - Mauro, J AU - Anigstein, R AU - Beres, D AU - Chan, D AU - Hay, S AU - Ralston, L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/06// PY - 1995 DA - June 1995 SP - 43 EP - 44 PB - Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, New York, NY VL - 68 IS - 6, Suppl. SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - soils KW - isotopes KW - radioactivity KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - cost benefit analysis KW - cost KW - remediation KW - radioactive isotopes KW - decontamination KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - public health KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1011393114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Technical+support+for+EPA%27s+site+cleanup+rule&rft.au=Wolbarst%2C+A+B%3BDoehnert%2C+M%3BHull%2C+H+B%3BMauro%2C+J%3BAnigstein%2C+R%3BBeres%2C+D%3BChan%2C+D%3BHay%2C+S%3BRalston%2C+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wolbarst&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-06-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=6%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.health-physics.com/pt/re/healthphys/home.htm;jsessionid=G5qSTXSp0vDSHYTCTzDnLVFQz7CBNyYYSGk1jRLYMGG4QvPYTKvJ!1240718814!-949856144!8091!-1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fortieth annual meeting of the Health Physics Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-07-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cost; cost benefit analysis; decontamination; ecology; government agencies; isotopes; pollutants; pollution; public health; radioactive isotopes; radioactivity; regulations; remediation; risk assessment; soils; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in Microtubules, Intermediate Filaments, and Microfilaments Induced by Microcystin-LR in Cultured Cells AN - 853474226; 13645628 AB - Microcystin-LR (MCLR) is a cyanobacterial hepatotoxin that inhibits intracellular serine/threonine protein phosphatases causing disruption of actin microfilaments (MFs) and intermediate filaments (IFs) in hepatocytes. This study compared the effects of MCLR on the organization of MFs, IFs, and microtubules (MTs) in hepatocytes and nonhepatocyte cell lines and determined the sequence of toxin-induced changes in these cytoskeletal components. Rat renal epithelial cells and fibroblasts were incubated with MCLR at 100 or 200 kM for 6-18 hr. Rat hepatocytes in primary culture were exposed to the toxin at 1 or 10 km for 2-64 min. Cells were fixed and incubated with primary antibodies against b-tubulin, actin, and vimentin or cytokeratin IFs, followed by gold-labeled secondary antibodies with silver enhancement of the gold probe. The fraction of fibroblasts and hepatocytes with altered cytoskeletal morphology was evaluated as a function of MCLR dose and exposure time to assess the sequence of changes in cytoskeletal components. Changes in fibroblasts and some hepatocytes were characterized initially by disorganization of IFs, followed rapidly by disorganization of MTs, with the progressive collapse of both cytoskeletal components around cell nuclei. Many hepatocytes exhibited MT changes prior to effects on IF structure. Alterations in MFs occurred later and included initial aggregation of actin under the plasma membrane, followed by condensation into rosette-like structures and eventual complete collapse into a dense perinuclear bundle. The similarity of effects among different cell types suggests a common mechanism of action, but the independent kinetics of IF and MT disruption in hepatocytes suggests that there may be at least 2 sites of phosphorylation that lead to cytoskeletal alterations. JF - Toxicologic Pathology AU - Wickstrom, Mark L AU - Khan, Safdar A AU - Haschek, Wanda M AU - Wyman, John F AU - Eriksson, John E AU - Schaeffer, David J AU - Beasley, Val R AD - Department of Veterinary Biosciences, University of Illinois, US EPA, 8 HWM-SM, 999 18th Street, Suite 500, Denver, Colorado 80202-2466 Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 326 EP - 337 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Epithelial cells KW - Hepatocytes KW - Probes KW - Cell culture KW - Vimentin KW - Fibroblasts KW - Cytoskeleton KW - Phosphorylation KW - Plasma membranes KW - Gold KW - Actin KW - Nuclei KW - Serine KW - Cytokeratin KW - Microfilaments KW - Microtubules KW - Toxins KW - Antibodies KW - Kinetics KW - Kidney KW - Condensation KW - Microcystin-LR KW - Intermediate filaments KW - Tubulin KW - Silver KW - protein phosphatase KW - Threonine KW - X 24370:Natural Toxins UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/853474226?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+Microtubules%2C+Intermediate+Filaments%2C+and+Microfilaments+Induced+by+Microcystin-LR+in+Cultured+Cells&rft.au=Wickstrom%2C+Mark+L%3BKhan%2C+Safdar+A%3BHaschek%2C+Wanda+M%3BWyman%2C+John+F%3BEriksson%2C+John+E%3BSchaeffer%2C+David+J%3BBeasley%2C+Val+R&rft.aulast=Wickstrom&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=326&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F019262339502300309 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Epithelial cells; Hepatocytes; Probes; Cell culture; Vimentin; Fibroblasts; Cytoskeleton; Plasma membranes; Phosphorylation; Gold; Actin; Nuclei; Serine; Cytokeratin; Microtubules; Microfilaments; Toxins; Antibodies; Kinetics; Kidney; Condensation; Intermediate filaments; Microcystin-LR; Tubulin; Threonine; protein phosphatase; Silver DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019262339502300309 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) levels in the brains of transgenic mice expressing the bovine growth hormone (bGH) gene. AN - 77571891; 7556516 AB - Transgenic mice, expressing the gene for bovine growth hormone (bGH), exhibit increased body size, reduced reproductive capacity, and high basal levels of several hormones including corticosterone. Their shortened life span may be indicative of accelerated aging. As prominent astrogliosis of the CNS accompanies aging in rodents, bGH transgenic mice were examined for astrogliosis, as quantified by an ELISA for the astrocyte-localized protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Transgenic mice were produced by mating C57BL/6 x C3H F1 hybrid females with male descendants of animals produced by microinjection of fertilized eggs with phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK)/bGH-hybrid gene. Transgenic mice (approximately 3.5 and approximately 12 months of age) weighed significantly more than same age or older (approximately 20 month) controls. Most of their internal organs, including the heart, kidneys, adrenals, liver, and spleen, were also heavier. In contrast, the thymus was heavier only in the younger transgenic mice. Serum corticosterone was highest in the older transgenic mice. A small but significant increase in whole brain, cortex, and cerebellar weight, relative to controls and the older transgenic mice, was found in the younger transgenic mice. Control mice exhibited large, significant age-related increases in GFAP. Increases of 35, 70, 68, 89, 79, and 95% for cortex, cerebellum, striatum, hippocampus, midbrain, and brain stem, respectively, were found when comparing the oldest (approximately 20 months) control mice to the youngest (approximately 3.5 months). In contrast, in the olfactory bulbs and the hypothalamus there were no age-related changes in the levels of GFAP in control mice. Transgenic mice (approximately 3.5 months) had significantly elevated GFAP levels relative to the same-age controls in all brain areas examined. In some brain areas, the GFAP levels found in the younger transgenic mice were equivalent to those found in the oldest controls. No differences between controls and transgenics were found in tyrosine hydroxylase protein levels of striatum or hypothalamus. The elevated GFAP levels of transgenic mice may reflect increased neural damage due to accelerated aging processes or damage associated with high circulating levels of bGH or corticosterone. Alternatively, the increased expression of GFAP in the transgenic mice may reflect altered regulation of GFAP rather than an increase signaled by neural damage. JF - Experimental gerontology AU - Miller, D B AU - Bartke, A AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 383 EP - 400 VL - 30 IS - 3-4 SN - 0531-5565, 0531-5565 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Growth Hormone KW - 9002-72-6 KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase KW - EC 1.14.16.2 KW - Corticosterone KW - W980KJ009P KW - Index Medicus KW - Aging -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase -- metabolism KW - Gene Expression KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Mice, Transgenic KW - Organ Size KW - Cattle KW - Corticosterone -- blood KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Aging -- pathology KW - Aging -- genetics KW - Female KW - Male KW - Growth Hormone -- genetics KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Brain -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77571891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+gerontology&rft.atitle=Increased+glial+fibrillary+acidic+protein+%28GFAP%29+levels+in+the+brains+of+transgenic+mice+expressing+the+bovine+growth+hormone+%28bGH%29+gene.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BBartke%2C+A%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+gerontology&rft.issn=05315565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-03 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implications of the use of neonatal birth weight, growth, viability, and survival data for predicting developmental neurotoxicity: a survey of the literature. AN - 77422535; 7542737 AB - Current screening strategies for developmental neurotoxicants emphasize extensive behavioral and histological examination of the nervous system of maternally exposed offspring. In an ongoing effort to identify more rapid screening techniques which accurately predict developmental neurotoxicity, we conducted a literature review to investigate the suggestion that the Chernoff/Kavlock assay may adequately identify developmental neurotoxicants as well as developmental toxicants (58). We included information on a broad range of chemical classes including: pesticides, heavy metals, solvents, antiproliferative agents, and neuroactive drugs. For each chemical/agent, we recorded evidence of developmental neurotoxicity, teratological malformations of the nervous system, and associated information on the effects of that chemical on birth weight, growth, fetal viability, and/or neonatal survival (neonatal endpoints included in the Chernoff/Kavlock assay). Although complete Chernoff/Kavlock data were not always available, our results indicate that only 65% of developmental neurotoxicants affected at least one of the neonatal endpoints in the assay. Based on these results, we believe that reliance on the Chernoff/Kavlock assay as a primary developmental neurotoxicity screen could lead to a number of "false negatives" in hazard identification studies, and this assay should not be used to replace more comprehensive developmental neurotoxicity screening procedures. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Goldey, E S AU - Tilson, H A AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 313 EP - 332 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Growth -- physiology KW - Developmental Disabilities -- chemically induced KW - Birth Weight -- physiology KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77422535?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Implications+of+the+use+of+neonatal+birth+weight%2C+growth%2C+viability%2C+and+survival+data+for+predicting+developmental+neurotoxicity%3A+a+survey+of+the+literature.&rft.au=Goldey%2C+E+S%3BTilson%2C+H+A%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Goldey&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-28 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory responses of asthmatics to ozone. AN - 77391471; 7613140 AB - Asthmatic individuals in the general population appear to be susceptible to disease exacerbation during summertime 'smog' episodes (ambient air pollution containing other pollutants in addition to ozone). Although controlled exposure to ozone causes acute decrements in lung function, asthmatic subjects are only marginally more susceptible to these effects. Ozone exposure also causes respiratory tract inflammatory changes, both in normals and asthmatics. Recent studies suggest that ozone pre-exposure augments the responses of allergic asthmatics to nasal and inhalation challenge with specific antigen. This may offer one possible explanation for the findings of field studies. JF - International archives of allergy and immunology AU - Koren, H S AU - Bromberg, P A AD - Human Studies Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 236 EP - 238 VL - 107 IS - 1-3 SN - 1018-2438, 1018-2438 KW - Smog KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Smog -- adverse effects KW - Disease Susceptibility KW - Humans KW - Bronchial Provocation Tests KW - Inflammation -- chemically induced KW - Adult KW - Child KW - Nasal Provocation Tests KW - Forced Expiratory Volume -- drug effects KW - Asthma -- physiopathology KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77391471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+archives+of+allergy+and+immunology&rft.atitle=Respiratory+responses+of+asthmatics+to+ozone.&rft.au=Koren%2C+H+S%3BBromberg%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Koren&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=107&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=236&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+archives+of+allergy+and+immunology&rft.issn=10182438&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Strain differences in the laboratory rat: impact on the autonomic, behavioral, and biochemical response to cholinesterase inhibition. AN - 77281747; 7752289 AB - Intraspecies variation has been found to affect the physiological, behavioral, and biochemical responses to a variety of neurotoxicants, including the organophosphate diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). However, there is little information on long-term physiological responses to neurotoxicant exposure using strain as a dependent variable. In the present study, radiotelemetry methodology was used to continuously monitor core temperature, heart rate, and motor activity for 4 d following administration of 1.5 mg/kg DFP (sc) in four common strains of rat: Sprague-Dawley (SD), Long-Evans (LE), Fischer 344 (F344), and Wistar (WST). The F344 rat was least susceptible to DFP in terms of both a minimal hypothermic response and recovery of the day-night difference in core temperature. The SD strain was unusual in that its heart rate was elevated relative to the other strains after DFP, in spite of a marked decrease in core temperature and motor activity. The LE strain exhibited the largest reduction in core temperature and heart rate following DFP. Serum and brain cholinesterase activity (ChE) measured 3 h after administration of 1.0 mg/kg DFP also indicated strain effects. The F344 showed less inhibition in these variables compared to the other strains, a response that may explain its attenuated thermoregulatory response to DFP. Overall, the inbred F344 rat demonstrated better resistance to DFP compared to the outbred strains. Therefore, the impact of genetic differences on sensitivity to neurotoxicants such as DFP could be an important tool in understanding the mechanism of action of these agents. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Gordon, C J AU - Watkinson, W P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 59 EP - 73 VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Genetic Variation KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Isoflurophate -- administration & dosage KW - Rats -- physiology KW - Rats -- genetics KW - Isoflurophate -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77281747?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Strain+differences+in+the+laboratory+rat%3A+impact+on+the+autonomic%2C+behavioral%2C+and+biochemical+response+to+cholinesterase+inhibition.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-19 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Restrictive lung disease in rats exposed chronically to an urban profile of ozone. AN - 77259902; 7735608 AB - The potential for irreversible lung impairment resulting from life-long ozone (O3) exposure remains uncertain. To address this question, young adult rats (male, F-344) were exposed to a simulated urban profile of O3 for 1, 3, 13, 52, or 78 wk, after which pulmonary function tests were performed. To assess reversibility of effects, cohorts from the 13-, 52-, and 78-wk groups were evaluated, respectively, after an additional 6, 27, and 17 wk of clean air. Static and dynamic lung properties were based on measurements of lung volume apportionment, respiratory system compliance (Crs), DLCO, multibreath N2 washout, and maximum expiratory flow-volume relationships. Electrocardiography was also performed in unanesthetized, restrained rats after 52 and 78 wk, as were determinations of wet and dry lung weights, lung collagen, and associated connective tissue crosslinks. Small (< 10%) but significant reductions in TLC and RV were noted after 13, 52, and 78 wk of O3 exposure. At 13 and 52 wk, N2 washout was enhanced, though at 78 wk it was similar to control. None of these changes appeared progressive with continued O3 exposure. Post exposure to clean air did not completely reverse the reduction in TLC. Additionally, Crs, though not affected during O3 exposure, decreased during the air recovery. No O3-related changes in collagen were apparent, however. Thus, near life-long exposure of F-344 rats to a worse-case, urban profile of O3 appears to have led to a functionally restrictive, i.e. "stiffened," lung without overt fibrosis. Furthermore, certain aspects of the O3-induced effect were not fully reversible. JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Costa, D L AU - Tepper, J S AU - Stevens, M A AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Doerfler, D L AU - Gelzleichter, T R AU - Last, J A AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 1512 EP - 1518 VL - 151 IS - 5 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Collagen KW - 9007-34-5 KW - Hydroxyproline KW - RMB44WO89X KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Hydroxyproline -- analysis KW - Electrocardiography KW - Collagen -- analysis KW - Total Lung Capacity KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Lung Compliance KW - Lung Diseases, Obstructive -- physiopathology KW - Lung Diseases, Obstructive -- chemically induced KW - Lung -- chemistry KW - Lung Diseases, Obstructive -- metabolism KW - Lung -- physiopathology KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Ozone -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77259902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Restrictive+lung+disease+in+rats+exposed+chronically+to+an+urban+profile+of+ozone.&rft.au=Costa%2C+D+L%3BTepper%2C+J+S%3BStevens%2C+M+A%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P%3BDoerfler%2C+D+L%3BGelzleichter%2C+T+R%3BLast%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Costa&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Demonstrating the feasibility of anaerobic cometabolic biodegradation of trichloroethene and BTEX compounds AN - 50236827; 2009-085641 JF - Proceedings of the National Outdoor Action Conference on Aquifer Restoration, Ground Water Monitoring and Geophysical Methods AU - Benson, Leigh A AU - Schmiermund, Ronald L AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Cannon, Kyle L AU - Crawford, William E AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Miller, Ross N AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 209 EP - 224 PB - National Water Well Association, Dublin, OH VL - 9 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - feasibility studies KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ethylbenzene KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - trichloroethylene KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50236827?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.atitle=Demonstrating+the+feasibility+of+anaerobic+cometabolic+biodegradation+of+trichloroethene+and+BTEX+compounds&rft.au=Benson%2C+Leigh+A%3BSchmiermund%2C+Ronald+L%3BWiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BCannon%2C+Kyle+L%3BCrawford%2C+William+E%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BMiller%2C+Ross+N%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Benson&rft.aufirst=Leigh&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Ninth national outdoor action conference and exposition on Aquifer remediation, ground water monitoring, and geophysical methods N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02794 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; ethylbenzene; feasibility studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; toluene; trichloroethylene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of combined air injection/extraction (CIE) well to minimize vacuum enhanced water recovery AN - 50235887; 2009-085663 JF - Proceedings of the National Outdoor Action Conference on Aquifer Restoration, Ground Water Monitoring and Geophysical Methods AU - DiGiulio, Dominic C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 543 EP - 558 PB - National Water Well Association, Dublin, OH VL - 9 KW - boreholes KW - pollutants KW - air injection KW - soil vapor extraction KW - pollution KW - water wells KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50235887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.atitle=Use+of+combined+air+injection%2Fextraction+%28CIE%29+well+to+minimize+vacuum+enhanced+water+recovery&rft.au=DiGiulio%2C+Dominic+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=DiGiulio&rft.aufirst=Dominic&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=543&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+National+Outdoor+Action+Conference+on+Aquifer+Restoration%2C+Ground+Water+Monitoring+and+Geophysical+Methods&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Ninth national outdoor action conference and exposition on Aquifer remediation, ground water monitoring, and geophysical methods N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2009-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #02794 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air injection; boreholes; ground water; pollutants; pollution; soil vapor extraction; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Partners in ground water protection AN - 50073624; 1996-013964 JF - WSTB Newsletter (Water Science and Technology Board, National Research Council) AU - Goldman, Lynn Y1 - 1995/05// PY - 1995 DA - May 1995 SP - 1 EP - 3 PB - National Research Council, Water Science and Technology Board, Washington, DC VL - 12 IS - 2 KW - United States KW - protection KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - water management KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - policy KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50073624?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WSTB+Newsletter+%28Water+Science+and+Technology+Board%2C+National+Research+Council%29&rft.atitle=Partners+in+ground+water+protection&rft.au=Goldman%2C+Lynn&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=Lynn&rft.date=1995-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=WSTB+Newsletter+%28Water+Science+and+Technology+Board%2C+National+Research+Council%29&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03293 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; government agencies; ground water; monitoring; pesticides; policy; pollutants; pollution; protection; regulations; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; water management; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immunological effects of 2-methoxyethanol administered dermally or orally to Fischer 344 rats. AN - 77260850; 7740549 AB - Exposure of rats to 2-methoxyethanol (ME) by gavage for 10 consecutive days results in immunotoxicity. To determine whether dermal exposure to ME also induces immunotoxicity, undiluted ME was applied to Fisher 344 male rats at dose levels of 150, 300, 600, 900 or 1200 mg/kg/day on shaved occluded test sites for 4 consecutive days. Decreased thymus weights were produced by all doses of ME, while reductions in spleen weight were observed at doses of 900 mg/kg/day ME or greater. The alterations in these lymphoid organ weights were produced in the absence of loss in body weight. The lymphoproliferative (LP) responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) were enhanced at 1200 mg/kg/day ME compared with water controls. Separate groups of rats, employed for the antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to either trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS) or sheep red blood cells (SRBC), were exposed dermally to 150, 300 or 600 mg/kg/day ME for 4 consecutive days. A reduction in the PFC response to TNP was observed at 600 mg/kg/day ME, whereas decreases in the PFC response to SRBC were observed at dosages of 300 and 600 mg/kg/day ME. To compare the immunotoxic effects of dermally applied ME to those effects caused by ME administered orally, rats were dosed by gavage with 25, 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg/day ME in distilled water for 4 consecutive days. Reductions in thymus weights were observed at oral dosages ranging from 50-200 mg/kg/day, while spleen weights were reduced in rats dosed at 200 mg/kg/day ME. LP responses to PHA, PWM and Salmonella typhimurium were increased at the 200 mg/kg/day ME dose level. PFC responses to TNP-LPS and SRBC were suppressed at the 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day ME dosages. These results indicate that, like oral exposure, dermal exposure to ME compromises the ability of the immune system to mount an effective humoral immune response. JF - Toxicology AU - Williams, W C AU - Riddle, M M AU - Copeland, C B AU - Andrews, D L AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/04/12/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Apr 12 SP - 215 EP - 223 VL - 98 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Ethylene Glycols KW - 0 KW - methyl cellosolve KW - EK1L6XWI56 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Lymphocyte Activation -- drug effects KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Administration, Cutaneous KW - Male KW - Antibody Formation -- drug effects KW - Ethylene Glycols -- toxicity KW - Ethylene Glycols -- administration & dosage KW - Immunity -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77260850?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Immunological+effects+of+2-methoxyethanol+administered+dermally+or+orally+to+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=Williams%2C+W+C%3BRiddle%2C+M+M%3BCopeland%2C+C+B%3BAndrews%2C+D+L%3BSmialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-04-12&rft.volume=98&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-08 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity of formate and formic acid in whole embryo culture: a comparative study with mouse and rat embryos. AN - 77638044; 7570366 AB - Acute methanol (MeOH) toxicity in primates is attributed to the conversion of MeOH to formate and the resulting acidosis. MeOH has been shown to be developmentally toxic in mice and rats both in vivo and in vitro, but rodents neither accumulate formate nor develop acidosis after MeOH exposure. To further assess the potential human developmental toxicity of MeOH exposure, we evaluated the developmental effects of sodium (Na) formate and formic acid in rodent whole embryo culture (WEC). Day 9 rat embryos were cultured for 24 or 48 hours and day 8 mouse embryos were cultured for 24 hours in the presence of Na-formate or formic acid. Rat and mouse embryos exposed to either agent for 24 hours exhibited a trend toward reduced growth and development and the number of abnormalities increased at the higher concentrations. Rat embryos exposed for 48 hours to either Na-formate or formic acid showed a trend toward reduced growth and development with increasing concentration. Embryo lethality and incidence of abnormal embryos were also increased at the higher concentrations. The anomalies observed in both species after exposure to either compound were primarily open anterior and posterior neuropore with less frequent incidence of rotational defects, tail anomalies, enlarged pericardium and delayed heart development. Exposure to Na-formate or formic acid for comparable periods of time results in comparable degrees of embryotoxicity at concentrations (mMolar) at least 4-fold lower than those previously reported for methanol exposure. JF - Teratology AU - Andrews, J E AU - Ebron-McCoy, M AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Rogers, J M AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 243 EP - 251 VL - 51 IS - 4 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Formates KW - 0 KW - Proteins KW - formic acid KW - 0YIW783RG1 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Mice, Inbred ICR KW - Culture Techniques KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - DNA -- analysis KW - Proteins -- analysis KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Formates -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77638044?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+of+formate+and+formic+acid+in+whole+embryo+culture%3A+a+comparative+study+with+mouse+and+rat+embryos.&rft.au=Andrews%2C+J+E%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BRogers%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Andrews&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-11-14 N1 - Date created - 1995-11-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benchmark Dose Workshop: criteria for use of a benchmark dose to estimate a reference dose. AN - 77458719; 7644719 AB - The purpose of the Benchmark Dose Workshop was to assess the feasibility and implications of replacing the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) with a benchmark dose (BMD) when deriving reference doses and concentrations (RfDs and RfCs). The workshop participants supported the use of the BMD method to remove many of the limitations inherent in using the NOAEL approach. Participants endorsed in general the use of a BMD for all quantal noncancer health effects and endorsed in particular the BMD for assessing developmental toxicity based on data presented at the workshop. The discussions of implementation recognized the need to demonstrate that changing from a NOAEL to a BMD gives the risk manager more certain information on which to base decisions. Most participants agreed that the current NOAEL-derived RfDs and RfCs are sufficiently protective and should only be changed as data become available for estimating a BMD. It was recognized that to achieve general acceptance of the BMD approach, it will have to be applied to a variety of endpoints. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Barnes, D G AU - Daston, G P AU - Evans, J S AU - Jarabek, A M AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Kimmel, C A AU - Park, C AU - Spitzer, H L AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, District of Columbia 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 296 EP - 306 VL - 21 IS - 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Feasibility Studies KW - Humans KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Toxicity Tests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77458719?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Benchmark+Dose+Workshop%3A+criteria+for+use+of+a+benchmark+dose+to+estimate+a+reference+dose.&rft.au=Barnes%2C+D+G%3BDaston%2C+G+P%3BEvans%2C+J+S%3BJarabek%2C+A+M%3BKavlock%2C+R+J%3BKimmel%2C+C+A%3BPark%2C+C%3BSpitzer%2C+H+L&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=296&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-21 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of specimen banking in risk assessment. AN - 77438089; 7635120 AB - The risk assessment process is described with a focus on the hazard identification and dose-response components. Many of the scientific questions and uncertainties associated with these components are discussed, and the role for biomarkers and specimen banking in supporting these activities are assessed. Under hazard identification, the use of biomarkers in defining and predicting a) biologically adverse events; b) the progression of those events towards disease; and c) the potential for reversibility are explored. Biomarker applications to address high-to-low dose extrapolation and interindividual variability are covered under dose-response assessment. Several potential applications for specimen banking are proposed. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Zenick, H AU - Griffith, J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 9 EP - 12 VL - 103 Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Index Medicus KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Tissue Banks KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77438089?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=The+role+of+specimen+banking+in+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Zenick%2C+H%3BGriffith%2C+J&rft.aulast=Zenick&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=9&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-09-14 N1 - Date created - 1995-09-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Arch Environ Health. 1989 Nov-Dec;44(6):375-81 [2610525] Am J Epidemiol. 1990 Jul;132(1 Suppl):S48-52 [2356835] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1989;20(2):65-82 [2686696] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A discussion on the stage of lixiviation and the formation mechanism of the chemical composition of ground water in the Chongli mountainous area AN - 52718453; 1997-036645 JF - Hebei Dizhi Xueyuan Xuebao = Journal of Hebei College of Geology AU - Yu, Kaining AU - Jiang, Dayou Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 134 EP - 138 PB - Gai Kan Bianjibu = Hebei College of Geology, Shijiazhuang VL - 18 IS - 2 SN - 1001-9707, 1001-9707 KW - processes KW - Far East KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - absorption KW - chemical reactions KW - Hebei China KW - Chongli China KW - ion exchange KW - leaching KW - Asia KW - geochemistry KW - China KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52718453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hebei+Dizhi+Xueyuan+Xuebao+%3D+Journal+of+Hebei+College+of+Geology&rft.atitle=A+discussion+on+the+stage+of+lixiviation+and+the+formation+mechanism+of+the+chemical+composition+of+ground+water+in+the+Chongli+mountainous+area&rft.au=Yu%2C+Kaining%3BJiang%2C+Dayou&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Kaining&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hebei+Dizhi+Xueyuan+Xuebao+%3D+Journal+of+Hebei+College+of+Geology&rft.issn=10019707&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; Asia; chemical reactions; China; Chongli China; Far East; geochemistry; ground water; Hebei China; hydrochemistry; ion exchange; leaching; processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of an ASTM practice for conducting exposure and risk assessment for petroleum contamination AN - 50162803; 1995-032304 JF - AAPG Bulletin AU - Small, Matthew AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 598 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK VL - 79 IS - 4 SN - 0149-1423, 0149-1423 KW - United States KW - Minnesota KW - monitoring KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - underground storage tanks KW - pollution KW - Hawaii KW - Texas KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - petroleum products KW - remediation KW - case studies KW - Massachusetts KW - Oceania KW - risk assessment KW - applications KW - Polynesia KW - South Dakota KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50162803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Development+of+an+ASTM+practice+for+conducting+exposure+and+risk+assessment+for+petroleum+contamination&rft.au=Small%2C+Matthew%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Small&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=598&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AAPG+Bulletin&rft.issn=01491423&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://aapgbull.geoscienceworld.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - AAPG Pacific Section meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AABUD2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; case studies; East Pacific Ocean Islands; Hawaii; Massachusetts; Minnesota; monitoring; Oceania; Ohio; petroleum products; pollution; Polynesia; remediation; risk assessment; site exploration; South Dakota; Superfund; Texas; underground storage tanks; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic transformation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in a sand aquifer based on spatial chemical distributions AN - 50159746; 2000-045842 AB - We estimated the distribution of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAHs) from groundwater samples collected along three transects in a sand aquifer. Trichloroethylene (TCE) leaked and contaminated the aquifer probably more than a decade before we collected the measurements. The data show significant concentrations of TCE, cis-l,2-dichloroethylene (c-DCE), vinyl chloride (VC), and ethene. We attributed DCE, VC, and ethene to the reductive dehalogenation of TCE. The CAH concentrations varied significantly with depth and correlate with sulfate and methane concentrations. Anoxic aquifer conditions exist with methane present at relatively high concentrations at depth. High concentrations of TCE correspond with the absence of methane or low methane concentrations, whereas products of TCE dehalogenation are associated with higher methane concentrations and low sulfate concentrations. Indications are that the dechlorination of TCE and DCE to VC and ethene is associated with sulfate reduction and active methanogenesis. TCE dechlorination to DCE is likely occurring under the less reducing conditions of sulfate reduction, with further reductions to VC and ethene occurring under methanogenic conditions. We estimated that about 20% of TCE has dechlorinated to ethene. The analysis of the data enhanced our knowledge of natural in situ transformation and transport processes of CAHs. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Semprini, Lewis AU - Kitanidis, Peter K AU - Kampbell, Don H AU - Wilson, John T Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 1051 EP - 1062 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 31 IS - 4 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - ethylene KW - transport KW - alkenes KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - geochemistry KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - sand KW - concentration KW - Berrien County Michigan KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Saint Joseph Michigan KW - depth KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - trichloroethylene KW - Michigan KW - transformations KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50159746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+transformation+of+chlorinated+aliphatic+hydrocarbons+in+a+sand+aquifer+based+on+spatial+chemical+distributions&rft.au=Semprini%2C+Lewis%3BKitanidis%2C+Peter+K%3BKampbell%2C+Don+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T&rft.aulast=Semprini&rft.aufirst=Lewis&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1051&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F94WR02380 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; anaerobic environment; aquifers; Berrien County Michigan; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; concentration; depth; ethylene; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Saint Joseph Michigan; sand; sediments; spatial distribution; transformations; transport; trichloroethylene; United States DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94WR02380 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surficial extent and conceptual model of hydrothermal system at Mount Rainier, Washington AN - 50148583; 1995-041371 AB - A once massive hydrothermal system was disgorged from the summit of Mount Rainier in a highly destructive manner about 5000 years ago. Today, hydrothermal processes are depositing clayey alteration products that have the potential to reset the stage for similar events in the future. Areas of active hydrothermal alteration occur in three representative settings: (1) An extensive area (greater than 12,000 m (super 2) ) of heated ground and slightly acidic boiling-point fumaroles at 76-82 degrees C at East and West Craters on the volcano's summit, where alteration products include smectite, halloysite and disordered kaolinite, cristobalite, tridymite, opal, alunite, gibbsite, and calcite. (2) A small area (less than 500 m (super 2) ) of heated ground and sub-boiling-point fumaroles at 55-60 degrees C on the upper flank at Disappointment Cleaver with smectite alteration and chalcedony, tridymite, and opal-A encrustations. Similar areas probably occur at Willis Wall, Sunset Amphitheater, and the South Tahoma and Kautz headwalls. (3) Sulfate- and carbon dioxide-enriched thermal springs at 9-24 degrees C on the lower flank of the volcano in valley walls beside the Winthrop and Paradise Glaciers, where calcite, opal-A, and gypsum are being deposited. In addition, chloride- and carbon dioxide-enriched thermal springs issue from thin sediments that overlie Tertiary rocks at, or somewhat beyond, the base of the volcanic edifice in valley bottoms of the Nisqually and Ohanapecosh Rivers. Maximum spring temperatures of l9-25 degrees C and 38-50 degrees C, respectively, and extensive travertine deposits have developed in these more distant localities. The heat flow, distribution of thermal activity, and nature of alteration minerals and fluids suggest a conceptual model of a narrow, central hydrothermal system within Mount Rainier, with steam-heated snowmelt at the summit craters and localized leakage of steam-heated fluids within 2 km of the summit. The lateral extent of the hydrothermal system is marked by discharge of neutral sulfate-enriched thermal water from the lower flank of the cone. Simulations of geochemical mass transfer suggest that the thermal springs may be derived from an acid sulfate-chloride parent fluid which has been neutralized by reaction with andesite and highly diluted with shallow groundwater. The model may accommodate some of the thermal springs beyond the base of the edifice. Present heat flow from Mount Rainier is substantial relative to other Cascade Range volcanoes and does not appear to have diminished since at least the late 19th century. Evidence of older hydrothermal processes found in Holocene lithic tephra and debris avalanches record activity more extensive but similar in chemical composition to that of today. JF - Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research AU - Frank, David Y1 - 1995/04// PY - 1995 DA - April 1995 SP - 51 EP - 80 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 65 IS - 1-2 SN - 0377-0273, 0377-0273 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - silica minerals KW - Pierce County Washington KW - metasomatism KW - volcanism KW - tridymite KW - Mount Rainier KW - oxides KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - framework silicates KW - mineral assemblages KW - interpretation KW - gibbsite KW - processes KW - Washington KW - sulfates KW - opal KW - smectite KW - kaolinite KW - clay minerals KW - calcite KW - models KW - Cascade Range KW - alunite KW - cristobalite KW - volcanoes KW - sheet silicates KW - carbonates KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50148583?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.atitle=Surficial+extent+and+conceptual+model+of+hydrothermal+system+at+Mount+Rainier%2C+Washington&rft.au=Frank%2C+David&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-04-01&rft.volume=65&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Volcanology+and+Geothermal+Research&rft.issn=03770273&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0377-0273%2894%2900081-Q L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/03770273 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 81 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JVGRDQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alunite; calcite; carbonates; Cascade Range; clay minerals; cristobalite; framework silicates; gibbsite; hydrothermal alteration; interpretation; kaolinite; metasomatism; mineral assemblages; models; Mount Rainier; opal; oxides; Pierce County Washington; processes; sheet silicates; silica minerals; silicates; smectite; sulfates; tridymite; United States; volcanism; volcanoes; Washington DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0377-0273(94)00081-Q ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cell death in rat and mouse embryos exposed to methanol in whole embryo culture. AN - 77217301; 7716782 AB - Methanol induces developmental toxicity in rats and mice producing exencephaly, cleft palate, cervical skeletal defects, reduced body weight, and increased embryo/fetal death. Exposure to methanol in whole embryo culture also induces developmental retardation, dysmorphogenesis, and embryo lethality. In the present study, cultured rat and mouse embryos were exposed to methanol and subsequently observed for morphological effects and increased cell death using modified Feulgen staining which allowed nuclei throughout the embryo to be examined in situ. Growth and developmental scores were reduced by methanol in both rat and mouse embryos and the mouse embryos were affected at lower concentrations when compared to the rat. Methanol increased cell death in specific regions of both rat and mouse embryos, including the forebrain, the visceral arches, otic and optic placodes. These regions form derivatives which manifest morphological abnormalities following exposure in vivo. Methanol did not increase cell death in the neuroepithelium or neural folds and neural tube defects cannot be explained by excess cell death. The results of this study suggest that increased cell death in specific regions of the exposed embryos has a role in producing cranial malformations, abnormalities of the eye and ear, and cleft palate. JF - Toxicology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Ebron-McCoy, M AU - Andrews, J E AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/03/31/ PY - 1995 DA - 1995 Mar 31 SP - 159 EP - 171 VL - 97 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Mice KW - Cell Death -- drug effects KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77217301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Cell+death+in+rat+and+mouse+embryos+exposed+to+methanol+in+whole+embryo+culture.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BEbron-McCoy%2C+M%3BAndrews%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-03-31&rft.volume=97&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. EPA challenges and review--highlights of the Fiscal Year 1994 Inspection Program and EPA's laboratory accreditation considerations. AN - 77729153; 8520861 AB - The reorganization and consolidation of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA's) Headquarters Enforcement and Compliance programs into a new Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance (OECA) is now complete. The Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) inspection program is now part of the Office of Compliance, one of the principal offices in this new organization. The role of the Office of Compliance and the implications of these changes for the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) GLP programs are addressed. Highlights of the fiscal year 1994 inspection program are reviewed. The status of the Agency's consideration of laboratory accreditation is discussed. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Dull, D AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency (2225A), Agriculture and Ecosystems Division, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 20 EP - 28 VL - 4 IS - 1 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Organizational Innovation KW - Toxicology -- standards KW - Quality Control KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- organization & administration KW - Facility Regulation and Control KW - Hazardous Substances -- standards KW - Laboratories -- standards KW - Accreditation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77729153?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=U.S.+EPA+challenges+and+review--highlights+of+the+Fiscal+Year+1994+Inspection+Program+and+EPA%27s+laboratory+accreditation+considerations.&rft.au=Dull%2C+D&rft.aulast=Dull&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial working and reference memory in rats bred for autonomic sensitivity to cholinergic stimulation: acquisition, accuracy, speed, and effects of cholinergic drugs. AN - 77493269; 7663885 AB - Rat lines were selected by breeding for sensitivity to signs of autonomic stimulation (hypotherma, loss of body weight, and reduced water intake) induced by the cholinesterase inhibitor diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). These lines have since been maintained for 10 generations by continued selection for hypothermic responsiveness to the muscarinic agonist oxotremorine. The sensitive rats (Flinders Sensitive Line, FSL) differ from the resistant rats (Flinders Resistant Line, FRL) both neurochemically and behaviorally, particularly in aversively motivated test situations in which response speed is assessed. This study was conducted to determine whether the selected differences in cholinergic autonomic sensitivity would be expressed as differences in cognitive ability based on choice accuracy in appetitive tasks. The working and reference memory of rats of these two strains was thus assessed using operant delayed matching-to-position/visual discrimination (DMTP/VD) and the radial-arm maze. A Long-Evans (L-E) reference group was included in the DMTP/VD study. FSL rats responded more slowly than the other rats during acquisition of both tasks, but showed no differences in response accuracy either during acquisition or during asymptotic performance of either task. In addition, challenges with muscarinic and nicotinic antagonists and agonists [scopolamine (0.06-1.0 mg/kg), pilocarpine (1.0-4.0 mg/kg), mecamylamine (1.0-10.0 mg/kg), and nicotine (0.1-0.3 mg/kg)] demonstrated predicted differences in sensitivity among the lines only on performance measures such as response latency and trial completion. Counter to prediction, the sensitivity of the FRL rats to the ability of scopolamine to reduce matching accuracy was lower than those of the L-E and FSL rats. Thus selection based upon physiological endpoints related to cholinergic autonomic homeostasis did not produce analogous differences in cognitive function in rats. JF - Neurobiology of learning and memory AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Levin, E D AU - Overstreet, D H AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 116 EP - 132 VL - 63 IS - 2 SN - 1074-7427, 1074-7427 KW - Cholinergic Agents KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Muscarinic KW - Receptors, Nicotinic KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Oxotremorine KW - 5RY0UWH1JL KW - Index Medicus KW - Conditioning, Operant -- drug effects KW - Discrimination Learning -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- genetics KW - Animals KW - Maze Learning -- drug effects KW - Oxotremorine -- pharmacology KW - Motivation KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- genetics KW - Selection, Genetic KW - Receptors, Nicotinic -- genetics KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Pattern Recognition, Visual -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- genetics KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Nicotinic -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Muscarinic -- drug effects KW - Isoflurophate -- pharmacology KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Drinking -- genetics KW - Genotype KW - Reaction Time -- drug effects KW - Arousal -- drug effects KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Orientation -- drug effects KW - Arousal -- genetics KW - Cholinergic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Mental Recall -- drug effects KW - Reaction Time -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77493269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurobiology+of+learning+and+memory&rft.atitle=Spatial+working+and+reference+memory+in+rats+bred+for+autonomic+sensitivity+to+cholinergic+stimulation%3A+acquisition%2C+accuracy%2C+speed%2C+and+effects+of+cholinergic+drugs.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BLevin%2C+E+D%3BOverstreet%2C+D+H&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=63&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurobiology+of+learning+and+memory&rft.issn=10747427&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-10 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Safety/risk assessment of chemicals compared for different expert groups. AN - 77383110; 7605593 AB - Two sets of 65 risk/safety assessments are compared. These assessments, mostly for pesticide chemicals, were developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) at different times, often with different toxicity data, and with slightly different methods. Despite these differences, 38 sets of assessments give values that are within a 3-fold range of each other, 18 of these 38 are essentially identical (when rounded to one digit of precision), although not always for the same reasons. An additional 20 sets give values that lie within a 30-fold range; 6 sets lie within a 300-fold range; and the bromomethane ADI and RfD are 700-fold apart. In addition, on average the EPA values are lower than the WHO numbers. These comparisons are discussed in relationship to a developing world-wide consensus that the methods for evaluating the safety/risks from various chemicals should be more consistent and the resulting assessments should be more comparable. Moreover, we argue that an established assessment and associated information from one expert group should be routinely discussed in the ongoing evaluation of a chemical by another expert group. A procedure for effecting more consistency among such expert groups is proposed. JF - Biomedical and environmental sciences : BES AU - Dourson, M L AU - Lu, F C AD - Environmental Criteria and Assessment Office, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 1 EP - 13 VL - 8 IS - 1 SN - 0895-3988, 0895-3988 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - World Health Organization KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Environmental Health KW - Safety KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77383110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biomedical+and+environmental+sciences+%3A+BES&rft.atitle=Safety%2Frisk+assessment+of+chemicals+compared+for+different+expert+groups.&rft.au=Dourson%2C+M+L%3BLu%2C+F+C&rft.aulast=Dourson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biomedical+and+environmental+sciences+%3A+BES&rft.issn=08953988&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-17 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of cultured ovarian fragments to assess toxicant alterations in steroidogenesis in the Sprague-Dawley rat. AN - 77357902; 7795323 AB - This study was conducted to determine the utility of using steroid production by cultured ovarian fragments to assess toxicant-induced alterations in ovarian steroidogenesis in Sprague-Dawley rats. To this end, serum steroid concentration and steroid production (progesterone (P4), testosterone (T), estradiol (E2)) by cultured ovarian fragments is described during a normal 4-day estrous cycle. This culture system was then used to profile the effects of aminoglutethimide shown to have two sites of steroidogenic inhibition, side chain cleavage enzyme and aromatase. LH, FSH, P4, and E2 concentrations in serum during the 4-day estrous cycle confirmed that described in the literature for untreated rats. All of the steroids measured had peak production levels during proestrus. The patterns of P4 and E2 production by the ovaries in an unstimulated culture mimics that seen in serum. Stimulation with hCG (100 mIU/mL) after the initial 1 h culture tends to even out the production of P4, while T production rises faster and peaks earlier. The pattern and levels of estradiol production in hCG-stimulated cultures are very similar to those in the unstimulated culture, both in pattern and in production levels. When cultured ovarian fragments from proestrous rats were treated in vitro with aminoglutethimide (1 to 16 microM), the pattern of steroid production that characterized the inhibitory effects were similar to those reported in the literature using isolated cell culture procedures. This pattern showed a rapid decrease in E2 production (IC50 of 2.43 microM), a concurrent rise in T production, and a decrease in P4 production (IC50 of 15.5 microM). This culture system is an appropriate system to rapidly assess toxicant effects on ovarian steroidogenesis following in vivo or in vitro exposure. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Laskey, J W AU - Berman, E AU - Ferrell, J M AD - Development Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 131 EP - 141 VL - 9 IS - 2 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin KW - 0 KW - Gonadal Steroid Hormones KW - Aminoglutethimide KW - 0O54ZQ14I9 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone KW - 9002-68-0 KW - Aromatase KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reference Values KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Radioimmunoassay KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Follicle Stimulating Hormone -- blood KW - Progesterone -- biosynthesis KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Culture Techniques KW - Estradiol -- blood KW - Aromatase -- metabolism KW - Chorionic Gonadotropin -- pharmacology KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Estradiol -- biosynthesis KW - Testosterone -- biosynthesis KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- blood KW - Proestrus KW - Progesterone -- blood KW - Female KW - Ovary -- metabolism KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Estrus -- metabolism KW - Gonadal Steroid Hormones -- biosynthesis KW - Gonadal Steroid Hormones -- blood KW - Aminoglutethimide -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77357902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=The+use+of+cultured+ovarian+fragments+to+assess+toxicant+alterations+in+steroidogenesis+in+the+Sprague-Dawley+rat.&rft.au=Laskey%2C+J+W%3BBerman%2C+E%3BFerrell%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Laskey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-03 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone toxicity in the rat. I. Effect of changes in ambient temperature on extrapulmonary physiological parameters. AN - 77317930; 7775305 AB - These studies examined the effects of exposure to near environmental levels of ozone (O3) on the unanesthetized unrestrained rat as well as the influence of changes in ambient temperature (Ta) on the observed responses. Male Fischer 344 rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that permitted continuous monitoring of electrocardiogram, heart rate, core body temperature (Tco), and activity. Telemetry animals (n = 4-5/group) were combined with nontelemetry animals to produce nine treatment groups (n = 44-50/group) composed of combinations of one of three O3 exposure regimens (0.0 ppm x 24 h/day, 0.5 ppm x 6 h/day, or 0.5 ppm x 23 h/day) paired with one of three Ta levels (10, 22, or 34 degrees C). The experimental protocol consisted of a Control Period (filtered air; 1 day), Treatment Period (O3; 5 days), and Recovery Period (filtered air; 7 days). At specific intervals during the experiment, subgroups (n = 6) of nontelemetry animals were randomly selected from each treatment group, anesthetized with urethan, and intubated, and their lungs were lavaged with warm saline. In general, results from the bronchoalveolar lavage procedure indicated that toxicity increased in magnitude and duration as the length of time of O3 exposure increased and the Ta decreased. Similarly, whereas minimal extrapulmonary effects were observed at an Ta of 34 degrees C, O3 exposures at Ta levels of 22 and 10 degrees C produced significant decreases in heart rate (160 and 210 beats/min, respectively), Tco (2.0 and 3.5 degrees C, respectively), and body weight (15 and 40 g, respectively). Decreases in these functional parameters reached their maxima over the first 2 exposure days and returned to control levels after the 3rd day of exposure. These data demonstrate the profound impact of Ta on Tco and other extrapulmonary parameters in the conscious unrestrained rat exposed to O3. Furthermore, these results suggest an integral role for both Tco and Ta in determination of the uptake of inhaled pollutants and modulation of the subsequent toxic effects and may have important implications with respect to the assessment of toxic risk. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Wiester, M J AU - Highfill, J W AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 1108 EP - 1120 VL - 78 IS - 3 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Male KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Temperature KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77317930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Ozone+toxicity+in+the+rat.+I.+Effect+of+changes+in+ambient+temperature+on+extrapulmonary+physiological+parameters.&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W+P%3BWiester%2C+M+J%3BHighfill%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-11 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potentiation of 2,6-dinitrotoluene genotoxicity in Fischer 344 rats by pretreatment with coal tar creosote. AN - 77189696; 7897694 AB - Pretreatment of male Fischer 344 rats for 5 wk with coal tar creosote, a coal distillation product that is widely used as a wood preservative, potentiated the excretion of urinary mutagens in 2,6-dinitrotoluene (DNT) treated rats. Creosote increased the bioactivation of DNT to significantly greater levels of urinary genotoxic metabolites and/or formed DNA adducts in the liver. A significant increase in the excretion of mutagenic DNT metabolites was observed after the first week of creosote treatment, peaked at wk 3, and then decreased by 33% after 5 wk of treatment. Nevertheless, there was a significant increase (66%) in the formation of DNT-derived DNA adducts in the livers of rats treated with DNT plus creosote at wk 5. Increased cecal beta-glucuronidase activity and reduced small intestinal nitroreductase activity may play roles in the bioactivation of DNT. The excretion of mutagenic DNT metabolites supplies useful information about the bioactivation of DNT; it does not provide a useful index of DNT-derived hepatic DNA adduct formation. Such interactions could be important to predictive risk assessment because the overall cancer risk of such chemical mixtures may exceed the sum of the component risks. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Chadwick, R W AU - George, S E AU - Kohan, M J AU - Williams, R W AU - Allison, J C AU - Talley, D L AU - Hayes, Y O AU - Chang, J AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 319 EP - 336 VL - 44 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - Coal Tar KW - 8007-45-2 KW - Creosote KW - 8021-39-4 KW - Nitroreductases KW - EC 1.7.- KW - Glucuronidase KW - EC 3.2.1.31 KW - 2,6-dinitrotoluene KW - GG7FAV92MK KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Cecum -- drug effects KW - Nitroreductases -- metabolism KW - Random Allocation KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Intestine, Large -- microbiology KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Cecum -- enzymology KW - Intestine, Small -- microbiology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Bacteria, Aerobic -- drug effects KW - Intestine, Small -- drug effects KW - Drug Synergism KW - Cecum -- microbiology KW - Male KW - DNA Adducts -- genetics KW - Intestine, Large -- drug effects KW - Mutation -- drug effects KW - Chromatography, Gas KW - Glucuronidase -- metabolism KW - Bacteria, Anaerobic -- drug effects KW - Coal Tar -- chemistry KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Intestine, Large -- enzymology KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Intestine, Small -- enzymology KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Intestines -- enzymology KW - Intestines -- drug effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Creosote -- toxicity KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- toxicity KW - Intestines -- microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77189696?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Potentiation+of+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene+genotoxicity+in+Fischer+344+rats+by+pretreatment+with+coal+tar+creosote.&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+R+W%3BGeorge%2C+S+E%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BWilliams%2C+R+W%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BTalley%2C+D+L%3BHayes%2C+Y+O%3BChang%2C+J&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure to TCDD during development permanently alters reproductive function in male Long Evans rats and hamsters: reduced ejaculated and epididymal sperm numbers and sex accessory gland weights in offspring with normal androgenic status. AN - 77160570; 7878665 AB - Prenatal administration of relatively low doses of TCDD alters reproductive development and fertility of the progeny. Fertility was reduced in the progeny of Wistar rats exposed to 0.5 micrograms TCDD/kg/day from Gestational Day (GD) 6 to GD 15. In a three-generation reproduction study, TCDD reduced fertility of Sprague-Dawley rats in the F1 and F2 but not the F0 (no developmental exposure) generation at 0.01 microgram/kg/day in the diet. Furthermore, administration of TCDD on GD 15 (at 0.064 to 1 microgram/kg) both demasculinized and feminized morphology and behavior of Holtzman male rat offspring. Our objectives were to expand the observations of Mably et al. (1992, Toxicol, Appl. Pharmacol. 114, 97-107, 108-117, 118-126) on the effects of gestational administration of a single dose of TCDD to another strain of rat and another species, the hamster. In the first study, Long Evans (LE) hooded rats were dosed by gavage with 1 microgram TCDD/kg on GD 8 (during the period of major organogenesis) or GD 15 (the gestational day used by Mably et al.). In the second study, pregnant Syrian hamsters, a species relatively insensitive to the lethal effects of TCDD, were dosed on GD 11, equivalent to GD 15 in the rat, with TCDD at 2 micrograms/kg. When LE rats were dosed on GD 15, or when hamsters were dosed on GD 11, puberty (preputial separation) was delayed by about 3 days, ejaculated sperm counts were reduced by at least 58%, and epididymal sperm storage was reduced by 38%. Testicular sperm production was less affected. The sex accessory glands were also reduced in size in LE rat offspring treated on GD 15 despite the fact that serum testosterone (T), T production by the testis in vitro, and androgen receptor (AR) levels were not reduced. Some reproductive measures, such as anogenital distance and male sex behavior, were altered by TCDD treatment in rat but not hamster offspring. Since T and AR levels appeared normal in the sex accessory glands and the epididymis following perinatal TCDD exposure, the alterations in these tissues are not likely to have resulted from an alteration of the androgenic status of the male offspring. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gray, L E AU - Kelce, W R AU - Monosson, E AU - Ostby, J S AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Developmental Reproductive Biology Section, DTD, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 108 EP - 118 VL - 131 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Androgens KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Receptors, Androgen KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - Luteinizing Hormone KW - 9002-67-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Testis -- metabolism KW - Luteinizing Hormone -- pharmacology KW - Prostate -- metabolism KW - Pregnancy KW - Sexual Maturation -- drug effects KW - Sexual Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Seminal Vesicles -- metabolism KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Mesocricetus KW - Testosterone -- biosynthesis KW - Seminal Vesicles -- ultrastructure KW - Prostate -- ultrastructure KW - Female KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Fertility -- drug effects KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Ejaculation -- drug effects KW - Sperm Count -- drug effects KW - Genitalia, Male -- anatomy & histology KW - Genitalia, Male -- drug effects KW - Epididymis -- physiology KW - Androgens -- physiology KW - Receptors, Androgen -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Epididymis -- drug effects KW - Genitalia, Male -- growth & development KW - Receptors, Androgen -- physiology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77160570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Exposure+to+TCDD+during+development+permanently+alters+reproductive+function+in+male+Long+Evans+rats+and+hamsters%3A+reduced+ejaculated+and+epididymal+sperm+numbers+and+sex+accessory+gland+weights+in+offspring+with+normal+androgenic+status.&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BMonosson%2C+E%3BOstby%2C+J+S%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=131&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of ground-water sensitivity and vulnerability; Goshen County, Wyoming AN - 50949393; 1996-049120 JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Wireman, Mike AU - Frederick, Kevin AU - Hamerlink, Jeff AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 106 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 4 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - soils KW - bedrock KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - textures KW - Goshen County Wyoming KW - water management KW - pollution KW - surficial geology KW - mathematical models KW - mapping KW - ground water KW - Wyoming KW - saturated zone KW - geographic information systems KW - transport KW - thickness KW - information systems KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - DRASTIC KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50949393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+ground-water+sensitivity+and+vulnerability%3B+Goshen+County%2C+Wyoming&rft.au=Wireman%2C+Mike%3BFrederick%2C+Kevin%3BHamerlink%2C+Jeff%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wireman&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=106&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1995 annual convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; bedrock; DRASTIC; geographic information systems; Goshen County Wyoming; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; information systems; mapping; mathematical models; pollution; saturated zone; soils; surficial geology; textures; thickness; transport; United States; water management; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Land treatment and the toxicity response of soil contaminated with wood preserving waste AN - 1722154818; 2015-097249 AB - Soils contaminated with wood preserving wastes, including pentachlo-rophenol (PCP) and creosote, are treated at field-scale in an engineered prepared-bed system consisting of two one-acre land treatment units (LTUs). The concentration of selected indicator compounds of treatment performance included PCP, pyrene, and total carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (TCPAHs) was monitored in the soil by taking both composited soil samples at multiple points in time, and discrete soil samples at two points in time. The mean concentration of the indicator compounds and the 95-percent confidence interval (CI) of the composite and discrete samples agreed relatively well, and first-order degradation rate kinetics satisfactorily represented the mean chemical concentration loss of indicator compounds in the LTU. Toxicity of the soil, as measured by Microtox (super TM) assay of the soil extracts, indicated that toxicity reduction corresponded with indicator compound disappearance. No toxicity effects were observed with time in treated layers of soil (lifts) buried beneath highly contaminated lifts of newly applied soil. This indicated that vertical migration of soluble contaminants from such lifts had little effect on the microbial activity in the underlying treated soil. Abstract Copyright (1995), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Huling, Scott G AU - Pope, Daniel F AU - Matthews, John E AU - Sims, Judith L AU - Sims, Ronald C AU - Sorensen, Darwin L Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - March 1995 SP - 41 EP - 55 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - creosote KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - pentachlorophenol KW - chlorophenols KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - carcinogens KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - decontamination KW - soil pollution KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1722154818?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Land+treatment+and+the+toxicity+response+of+soil+contaminated+with+wood+preserving+waste&rft.au=Huling%2C+Scott+G%3BPope%2C+Daniel+F%3BMatthews%2C+John+E%3BSims%2C+Judith+L%3BSims%2C+Ronald+C%3BSorensen%2C+Darwin+L&rft.aulast=Huling&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440050207 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Based on Publisher-supplied data N1 - Last updated - 2015-10-15 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogens; chemical waste; chlorophenols; creosote; decontamination; degradation; experimental studies; kinetics; organic compounds; pentachlorophenol; pollution; remediation; soil pollution; soil treatment; soils; toxic materials; toxicity DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440050207 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Does the autecology of the mangrove rivulus fish (Rivulus marmoratus) reflect a paradigm for mangrove ecosystem sensitivity? AN - 16884903; 3793404 AB - The killifish Rivulus marmoratus, mangrove rivulus, represents the one of the two potentially truly "mangrove dependent" fish species in western Atlantic mangrove ecosystems. The distribution of this species closely parallels the range of red mangroves. These plants and fish exhibit parallel ecological and physiological tolerances to the wide ranges of tropical temperatures and salinities, as well as substrate and hydrological conditions of mangrove habitats. The mangrove rivulus, R. marmoratus, is, as well, the only truly marine representative of a speciose genus of otherwise freshwater fish species. Many of the biological specializations of this species characterize the specific challenges to survival in mangrove forest conditions. As recent studies report, this fish species, once considered "rare," has been shown to be very abundant in specific substrate microhabitats of the mangal. Among the unique specializations of this fish are amphibious emersion from water, survival in moist detrital substrate during periods of low water or drought, and reproduction through internal self-fertilization producing homozygous clones. The autecology of this species provides fascinating insights and generates a wealth of questions regarding evolution of specific adaptations for distribution, dispersal, colonization, population genetics and the interrelationships between adaptation and specialization. The Indian River Lagoon (IRL) represents both the site of rediscovery of the fish as well as the northern frontier of the species distribution range, habitat, and ecosystem. This suggests close interrelationships and parallels in the parameters to which the species has adapted, perhaps representing a commonage, of ecological association. These aspects are discussed with respect to details and insight needed to develop strategies for the management of unique communities and ecosystems, especially along their natural distributional borders. The topic raises such questions as: Are some "exotic species" actually examples of newly arrived colonizers, representing dynamic biotic responses to climate change and/or anthropogenic habitat modification? JF - Bulletin of Marine Science AU - Davis, W P AU - Taylor, D S AU - Turner, B J AD - Environ. Res. Lab. (EPA), Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1995/03// PY - 1995 DA - Mar 1995 SP - 208 EP - 214 VL - 57 IS - 1 SN - 0007-4977, 0007-4977 KW - marine fish KW - Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Indian River Lagoon KW - Marine KW - USA, Florida KW - mangrove swamps KW - aquatic plants KW - autecology KW - Rivulus marmoratus KW - ecological distribution KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - D 04668:Fish KW - O 1050:Vertebrates, Urochordates and Cephalochordates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16884903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Marine+Science&rft.atitle=Does+the+autecology+of+the+mangrove+rivulus+fish+%28Rivulus+marmoratus%29+reflect+a+paradigm+for+mangrove+ecosystem+sensitivity%3F&rft.au=Davis%2C+W+P%3BTaylor%2C+D+S%3BTurner%2C+B+J&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-03-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=208&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Marine+Science&rft.issn=00074977&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mangrove swamps; ecological distribution; aquatic plants; autecology; marine fish; Rivulus marmoratus; ASW, USA, Florida, Indian River Lagoon; USA, Florida; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the nephrotoxicity of complex mixtures containing organics and metals: advantages and disadvantages of the use of real-world complex mixtures. AN - 77415448; 7621803 AB - As part of a multidisciplinary health effects study, the nephrotoxicity of complex industrial waste mixtures was assessed. Adult, male Fischer 344 rats were gavaged with samples of complex industrial waste and nephrotoxicity evaluated 24 hr later. Of the 10 tested samples, 4 produced increased absolute or relative kidney weight, or both, coupled with a statistically significant alteration in at least one of the measured serum parameters (urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREAT), and BUN/CREAT ratio). Although the waste samples had been analyzed for a number of organic chemicals and 7 of the 10 samples were analyzed also for 12 elemental metals and metalloids, their nephrotoxicity was not readily predicted from the partial chemical characterization data. Because the chemical form or speciation of the metals was unknown, it was not possible to estimate their contribution to the observed biological response. Various experimental approaches, including use of real-world complex mixtures, chemically defined synthetic mixtures, and simple mixtures, will be necessary to adequately determine the potential human health risk from exposure to complex chemical mixtures. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Simmons, J E AU - Yang, R S AU - Berman, E AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 67 EP - 71 VL - 103 Suppl 1 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Industrial Waste KW - 0 KW - Metals KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Creatinine KW - AYI8EX34EU KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Evaluation Studies as Topic KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Blood Urea Nitrogen KW - Creatinine -- blood KW - Male KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Metals -- toxicity KW - Kidney Diseases -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77415448?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+nephrotoxicity+of+complex+mixtures+containing+organics+and+metals%3A+advantages+and+disadvantages+of+the+use+of+real-world+complex+mixtures.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E%3BYang%2C+R+S%3BBerman%2C+E&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=103+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-31 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Mol Mutagen. 1988;11(1):13-29 [2962869] Environ Res. 1988 Jun;46(1):74-85 [3371293] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1989;27(3):275-86 [2754754] Toxicol Lett. 1989 Dec;49(2-3):199-214 [2690404] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1992 Sep;37(1):139-48 [1522607] Mutat Res. 1987 Nov;189(3):205-16 [3313035] Environ Health Perspect. 1983 Feb;48:1-2 [6825623] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1983 Jan;67(1):122-31 [6845353] Life Sci. 1983 Aug 8;33(6):517-23 [6888181] Prog Clin Biol Res. 1984;150:309-22 [6431435] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1981 Mar 15;57(3):414-24 [7222048] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative aspects of drug and toxicant-induced astrogliosis. AN - 77369080; 7599532 AB - A universal cellular reaction to damage of the CNS is hypertrophy of astrocytes. The hallmark of this response, often termed 'reactive gliosis', is the enhanced expression of the major intermediate filament protein of astrocytes, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). This latter observation suggests that increased synthesis of GFAP would occur in response to diverse neurotoxic insults. To investigate this possibility, prototype neurotoxicants were administered to experimental animals and the effects of these agents on the tissue content of GFAP was determined by immunoassay. Assays of GFAP were found to reveal dose-, time- and region-dependent patterns of neurotoxicity at toxicant dosages below those that cause light microscopic evidence of cell loss or damage. Moreover, the temporal and regional increments in GFAP correspond to the temporal and regional patterns of argyrophilia, as revealed by the cupric silver degeneration stain of de Olmos. Our findings indicate that assays of GFAP represent a sensitive, simple and quantitative approach for evaluation of nervous system damage. Combining this indirect yet quantitative indicator of neurotoxicity with more traditional neuroanatomical endpoints, should augment the armamentarium of techniques useful for detection and characterization of neurotoxicity. JF - Neurochemistry international AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Jensen, K F AU - Miller, D B AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 115 EP - 124 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0197-0186, 0197-0186 KW - Central Nervous System Agents KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Reference Standards KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Immunoassay KW - Central Nervous System Agents -- toxicity KW - Gliosis -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77369080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurochemistry+international&rft.atitle=Quantitative+aspects+of+drug+and+toxicant-induced+astrogliosis.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J+P%3BJensen%2C+K+F%3BMiller%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurochemistry+international&rft.issn=01970186&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Host resistance to Trichinella spiralis infection in rats exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). AN - 77250427; 7737439 AB - We have previously shown decreased resistance to Trichinella spiralis (Ts) infection and reduced parasite antigen-specific responses in B6C3F1 mice exposed to TCDD before infection. The current study was done to characterize the effects of preinfection administration of 1, 10, or 30 micrograms TCDD/kg on host resistance of female F344 rats to Ts infection and to examine parasite antigen-specific responses in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes of infected animals. TCDD exposure did not affect adult parasite elimination from the small intestine or the numbers of encysted larvae in the muscle, although host control of newborn larvae production in female parasites isolated from the highest dose group was compromised. Proliferative responses of lymphocytes cultured with parasite antigen were enhanced in groups of rats exposed to 30 micrograms TCDD/kg. These results, which are in marked contrast to the effects obtained in B6C3F1 mice, demonstrate a clear species difference in the effects of TCDD on immune function in rodents and underscore the need to determine which species more closely reflects the potential outcome of human exposure to TCDD. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Luebke, R W AU - Copeland, C B AU - Andrews, D L AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 285 EP - 289 VL - 24 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Lymph Nodes -- parasitology KW - Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Spleen -- parasitology KW - Female KW - Trichinella spiralis KW - Trichinellosis -- parasitology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Trichinellosis -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77250427?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Host+resistance+to+Trichinella+spiralis+infection+in+rats+exposed+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29.&rft.au=Luebke%2C+R+W%3BCopeland%2C+C+B%3BAndrews%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Luebke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-08 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Statistical response models for ozone exposure: their generality when applied to human spirometric and animal permeability functions of the lung. AN - 77208396; 7704687 AB - Exposure of humans or animals to ozone (O3) alters spirometric and permeability functions of the lung. While these responses show clear concentration (C) dependency, the interactive role of exposure duration (T) has not been well defined. Ozone-induced alterations in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) obtained from human studies and in levels of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein (BALP) obtained from studies of rats and guinea pigs were used to compare the utility of several proposed response models as functions of C and T. A large human-study database compiled for T = 2 h and a wide-ranging C and T study on animals were used to contrast each model. The models examined included the quadratic, logistic, log regression, and exponential models. This work suggests that models used for risk assessment should incorporate both T and C. Our results suggest that modified forms of many of these models perform well with both human and animal responses and can be additionally modified to include ventilation rate. As a simple biological model, the exponential model showed advantages. The absolute concentration rates-of-change in the exponential function of integrated physiological changes like BALP and FEV1 were equal for low O3 exposure. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Highfill, J W AU - Costa, D L AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 95 EP - 102 VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Permeability KW - Animals KW - Spirometry KW - Guinea Pigs KW - Humans KW - Models, Statistical KW - Lung -- metabolism KW - Ozone -- metabolism KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Lung Diseases -- metabolism KW - Lung Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77208396?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=Statistical+response+models+for+ozone+exposure%3A+their+generality+when+applied+to+human+spirometric+and+animal+permeability+functions+of+the+lung.&rft.au=Highfill%2C+J+W%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Highfill&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-10 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hamster Leydig cells are less sensitive to ethane dimethanesulfonate when compared to rat Leydig cells both in vivo and in vitro. AN - 77156609; 7871538 AB - It has been reported that ethane dimethanesulfonate (EDS) is a Leydig cell toxicant that affects rats and hamsters (Kerr et al., 1987), while, in contrast, the Leydig cells of mice are relatively insensitive to the toxicant. In the rat, there is a rapid decline in levels of testosterone (T) within hours after EDS administration. However, T production, spermiogenesis, and fertility are restored within a few weeks as new Leydig cells are formed from undifferentiated cells in the interstitium of the testis. In an earlier study, we found, as expected, that ejaculated sperm counts (ESCs) reached a nadir 10 days after adult rats were dosed with EDS at 65 mg/kg ip along with serum and testicular T, testis and seminal vesicle weights, and in vitro T production, while, in contrast, EDS at 65 mg/kg had no effect on these endpoints in the Syrian hamster (Gray et al., 1992). In the current study, when EDS was administered to 6, 12, and 18 month old hamsters at 100 mg/kg, it produced subtle effects on serum T and sex accessory gland weights, while dramatic effects were seen in similarly exposed rats. In addition, when testes were examined by light microscopy all treated rats displayed severely reduced Leydig cell numbers, while, in contrast, only one-third of the EDS-treated hamsters were affected, having moderately reduced Leydig cell numbers. In support of the histological data, 3 beta-HSD enzyme activity was reduced by 99% of control in EDS-treated rats, but it was reduced by only 35% of control in EDS-treated hamsters. An in vitro analysis of the effects of EDS on LH-stimulated T production by quartered testes demonstrated that the hamster testis was less sensitive to the direct effects of EDS than the rat testis. The IC50 after 3 hr in culture was greater than 1800 micrograms EDS/ml for the hamster quarter testes, while the IC50 for the rat quarter testes was 320 micrograms EDS/ml. In summary, these results demonstrate in vivo and in vitro that Leydig cells of hamsters are less sensitive to EDS than those of the adult rat. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gray, L E AU - Klinefelter, G AU - Kelce, W AU - Laskey, J AU - Ostby, J AU - Ewing, L AD - Developmental Reproductive Biology Section, DTD, HERL, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 248 EP - 256 VL - 130 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Mesylates KW - 0 KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - ethylene dimethanesulfonate KW - EW8V7BJ66Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Aging -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Rats KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Mesocricetus KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Mesylates -- toxicity KW - Leydig Cells -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77156609?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Hamster+Leydig+cells+are+less+sensitive+to+ethane+dimethanesulfonate+when+compared+to+rat+Leydig+cells+both+in+vivo+and+in+vitro.&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E%3BKlinefelter%2C+G%3BKelce%2C+W%3BLaskey%2C+J%3BOstby%2C+J%3BEwing%2C+L&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=248&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-29 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chlorpyrifos: hazard assessment based on a review of the effects of short-term and long-term exposure in animals and humans. AN - 77152082; 7532610 AB - Analyses of potential dietary exposure to chlorpyrifos residues were conducted by the Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR). Potential acute dietary ingestion of chlorpyrifos for all labelled uses was based on the 95th percentile of user-day exposures. Margins of safety (MOSs) for potential acute dietary exposure to chlorpyrifos residues were based on a no-observed-effect level (NOEL) for cholinergic signs in a human study, and ranged from 52 to 205 for all population subgroups. MOSs for potential chronic dietary exposure to chlorpyrifos residues were based on a NOEL for inhibition of brain cholinesterase activity in rats and dogs, and ranged from 2198 to 8065 for all population subgroups. The limitations on toxicity, consumption and residue data are discussed, with the assumptions necessitated by those limitations. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Cochran, R C AU - Kishiyama, J AU - Aldous, C AU - Carr, W C AU - Pfeifer, K F AD - Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR), California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 95814-5604. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 165 EP - 172 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - 0 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutation -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - CHO Cells -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Risk Factors KW - Dogs KW - Food Contamination KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Cricetinae KW - Chlorpyrifos -- administration & dosage KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Pesticide Residues -- pharmacokinetics KW - Pesticide Residues -- toxicity KW - Chlorpyrifos -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77152082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Chlorpyrifos%3A+hazard+assessment+based+on+a+review+of+the+effects+of+short-term+and+long-term+exposure+in+animals+and+humans.&rft.au=Cochran%2C+R+C%3BKishiyama%2C+J%3BAldous%2C+C%3BCarr%2C+W+C%3BPfeifer%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Cochran&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-27 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microphytic crust influence on wind erosion AN - 50130011; 1995-044101 JF - Transactions of the ASAE AU - Williams, J D AU - Dobrowolski, J P AU - West, N E AU - Gillette, D A Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 131 EP - 137 PB - American Society of Agricultural Engineers, [St. Joseph, MI] VL - 38 IS - 1 SN - 0001-2351, 0001-2351 KW - thallophytes KW - soils KW - weathering crust KW - stabilization KW - cryptobiotic crust KW - Plantae KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - terrestrial environment KW - erosion KW - arid environment KW - semi-arid environment KW - wind erosion KW - microbiotic crust KW - physical properties KW - sedimentary rocks KW - microphytic crust KW - bacteria KW - wind transport KW - soil erosion KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50130011?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.atitle=Microphytic+crust+influence+on+wind+erosion&rft.au=Williams%2C+J+D%3BDobrowolski%2C+J+P%3BWest%2C+N+E%3BGillette%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+ASAE&rft.issn=00012351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - PubXState - MI] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; bacteria; chemically precipitated rocks; cryptobiotic crust; erosion; microbiotic crust; microphytic crust; physical properties; Plantae; sedimentary rocks; semi-arid environment; soil erosion; soils; stabilization; terrestrial environment; thallophytes; weathering crust; wind erosion; wind transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mercury in vegetation and lake sediments from the U.S. Arctic AN - 50106214; 1995-066639 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Landers, D H AU - Ford, J AU - Gubala, C AU - Monetti, M AU - Lasorsa, B K AU - Martinson, J A2 - Porcella, Donald B. A2 - Huckabee, John W. A2 - Wheatley, Brian Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 591 EP - 601 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 80 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - isotopes KW - lead KW - ecosystems KW - vegetation KW - Schrader Lake KW - radioactive isotopes KW - transport KW - dates KW - arctic environment KW - sediments KW - absolute age KW - ecology KW - trace elements KW - heavy metals KW - mercury KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Arctic region KW - pollution KW - atmosphere KW - migration of elements KW - fresh-water environment KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - Northern Alaska KW - lacustrine environment KW - Alaska KW - Brooks Range KW - Pb-210 KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50106214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Mercury+in+vegetation+and+lake+sediments+from+the+U.S.+Arctic&rft.au=Landers%2C+D+H%3BFord%2C+J%3BGubala%2C+C%3BMonetti%2C+M%3BLasorsa%2C+B+K%3BMartinson%2C+J&rft.aulast=Landers&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Mercury as a global pollutant N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absolute age; Alaska; arctic environment; Arctic region; atmosphere; Brooks Range; dates; ecology; ecosystems; fresh-water environment; heavy metals; isotopes; lacustrine environment; lead; mercury; metals; migration of elements; monitoring; Northern Alaska; organic compounds; Pb-210; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; Schrader Lake; sediments; trace elements; transport; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultra trace level mercury in the Everglades ecosystem, a multi-media canal pilot study AN - 50099319; 1995-066655 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Stober, Q J AU - Jones, R D AU - Scheidt, D J A2 - Porcella, Donald B. A2 - Huckabee, John W. A2 - Wheatley, Brian Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 991 EP - 1001 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 80 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - United States KW - terrestrial environment KW - organic residues KW - ecosystems KW - bioavailability KW - Florida KW - variations KW - spatial distribution KW - Lake Okeechobee KW - sediments KW - floods KW - paludal environment KW - ecology KW - chemical composition KW - mercury KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - Everglades KW - marshes KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - organo-metallics KW - preventive measures KW - levees KW - peat KW - mires KW - detection KW - methylmercury KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50099319?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Ultra+trace+level+mercury+in+the+Everglades+ecosystem%2C+a+multi-media+canal+pilot+study&rft.au=Stober%2C+Q+J%3BJones%2C+R+D%3BScheidt%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Stober&rft.aufirst=Q&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=991&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international conference on Mercury as a global pollutant N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioavailability; chemical composition; detection; ecology; ecosystems; Everglades; floods; Florida; Lake Okeechobee; levees; marshes; mercury; metals; methylmercury; mires; monitoring; organic residues; organo-metallics; paludal environment; peat; phosphorus; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; risk assessment; sediments; spatial distribution; statistical analysis; surface water; terrestrial environment; toxic materials; United States; variations; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photochemical production of dissolved inorganic carbon from terrestrial organic matter: Significance to the oceanic organic carbon cycle AN - 1520377562; 19556184 AB - Water collected from riverine, near coastal, and salt marsh sources in the Southeastern United States was evaluated for its ability to produce both carbon monoxide (CO) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) by photochemical oxidation of natural dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Irradiation of whole water samples using simulated sunlight produced CO at rates similar to those measured previously. Production rates for DIC were more than an order of magnitude higher than those observed for CO. Based on observed DIC formation rates, photo-oxidation of DOC by sunlight should be considered a dominant removal mechanism of organic carbon from the ocean. JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Miller, William L AU - Zepp, Richard G AD - Environmental Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia. Y1 - 1995/02// PY - 1995 DA - February 1995 SP - 417 EP - 420 PB - American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Ave., N.W. Washington DC 20009 United States VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - Photochemistry KW - Water sampling KW - Dissolved inorganic carbon KW - Organic matter KW - Organic carbon KW - Carbon cycle KW - USA, Southeast KW - Carbon monoxide KW - Photochemicals KW - Salt marshes KW - Irradiation KW - Oceans KW - Oxidation KW - Photooxidation KW - Sunlight KW - Dissolved organic carbon KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - O 1080:Multi-disciplinary Studies KW - Q2 09265:Sedimentary structures and stratigraphy UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1520377562?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Photochemical+production+of+dissolved+inorganic+carbon+from+terrestrial+organic+matter%3A+Significance+to+the+oceanic+organic+carbon+cycle&rft.au=Miller%2C+William+L%3BZepp%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-02-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F94GL03344 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2014-04-01 N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-29 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Photochemistry; Carbon monoxide; Salt marshes; Dissolved inorganic carbon; Organic matter; Organic carbon; Carbon cycle; Dissolved organic carbon; Water sampling; Photochemicals; Oceans; Irradiation; Photooxidation; Oxidation; Sunlight; USA, Southeast DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94GL03344 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biogenic amorphous silica. AN - 77953154; 8929705 AB - Biogenic amorphous silica (BAS) is a natural constituent of living matter (eg, unicellular organisms and crop plants). Diatoms, whose siliceous remains are the geologic precursors to diatomaceous earth, actively process soluble silica into BAS. In some plants, a portion of the BAS exists externally as pointed or irregularly shaped fibers. Although silica-related adverse health effects are usually attributed to crystalline forms, such effects could occur as a result of exposure to BAS at high temperatures (above 800 degrees C), where crystalline silica, a known human toxicant is formed. BAS fibers from food crops can be ingested and lead to adverse health effects due to irritative processes. Airborne BAS fibers from rice can be inhaled during burning or incineration. Fibrous or nonfibrous BAS can adsorb toxic organic compounds and facilitate their entry into the lung. Recommendations for research are suggested to address the issue of potential health effects due to exposure to BAS. JF - Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health AU - Rabovsky, J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 108 EP - 110 VL - 21 Suppl 2 SN - 0355-3140, 0355-3140 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Agriculture KW - Humans KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Silicon Dioxide -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77953154?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.atitle=Biogenic+amorphous+silica.&rft.au=Rabovsky%2C+J&rft.aulast=Rabovsky&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=108&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.issn=03553140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-02 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer risk assessment for crystalline silica to implement California's hot spots act. AN - 77935393; 8929703 AB - Crystalline silica has been identified as a probable human carcinogen. To assess the potential for adverse health effects due to environmental exposures to respirable crystalline silica, a quantitative estimate of carcinogenicity has been made using incidence data from three studies in which long-term silica inhalation caused lung tumors in rats. The uncertainties in risk assessment in general and in the risk assessment for silica in particular are discussed. JF - Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health AU - Collins, J F AU - Marty, M A AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 99 EP - 103 VL - 21 Suppl 2 SN - 0355-3140, 0355-3140 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Silicon Dioxide KW - 7631-86-9 KW - Index Medicus KW - Crystallization KW - Animals KW - Policy Making KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Mice, Inbred BALB C KW - Risk Assessment KW - California KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Incidence KW - Sex Distribution KW - Female KW - Male KW - Silicon Dioxide -- pharmacology KW - Lung Neoplasms -- epidemiology KW - Occupational Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Silicon Dioxide -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77935393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.atitle=Cancer+risk+assessment+for+crystalline+silica+to+implement+California%27s+hot+spots+act.&rft.au=Collins%2C+J+F%3BMarty%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Scandinavian+journal+of+work%2C+environment+%26+health&rft.issn=03553140&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-02 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of knowledge bases and QSARs to estimate the relative ecological risk of agrichemicals: a problem formulation exercise. AN - 77894864; 8765904 AB - Ecological risk assessments can be used to establish the likelihood that an adverse effect will result from exposure to one or more chemicals. When evaluating contaminated sites with many chemicals present, risk assessors must grapple with the problem of quickly identifying the chemicals that are most likely to be of concern, based on effect and exposure assessment information. Many times data gaps exist and the risk assessor is left with decisions on which models to use to estimate the parameter of concern. In the present paper, a procedure is presented for ranking agrichemicals, utilizing the ASTER (ASsessment Tools for the Evaluation of Risk) system. The procedure was employed to rank the relative ecological risk of forty-nine pesticides historically used in agricultural sites in the Walnut Creek watershed near Ames, lowa, USA. Empirical data from the ASTER system were used when available in the associated databases, and quantitative structure-activity relationships and expert systems were invoked when data were lacking. Separate rankings were conducted based on major species taxonomic groupings. Resulting toxic effects thresholds were compared to surface water concentrations. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Russom, C L AU - Bradbury, S P AU - Carlson, A R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 83 EP - 95 VL - 4 IS - 2-3 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Agrochemicals KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Invertebrates -- drug effects KW - Algorithms KW - Vertebrates KW - Plants -- drug effects KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Risk Assessment KW - Information Systems KW - Agrochemicals -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Expert Systems KW - Water Pollution, Chemical KW - Agrochemicals -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77894864?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Use+of+knowledge+bases+and+QSARs+to+estimate+the+relative+ecological+risk+of+agrichemicals%3A+a+problem+formulation+exercise.&rft.au=Russom%2C+C+L%3BBradbury%2C+S+P%3BCarlson%2C+A+R&rft.aulast=Russom&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-06 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile on the peripheral structures of the rat visual system. AN - 77836218; 8584277 AB - Adult male Long-Evans rats received 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN; 400 mg/kg i.p.) and were killed one day after one dose, or one, three, seven, thirty-five, or seventy day(s) following 3 consecutive daily doses for histological analysis of the eye. Histological alterations in visual structures were not observed before one day after the third dose of IDPN. Somato-dendritic swelling of cells in the inner nuclear (IN) layer was seen prior to retinal detachment (1 day after cessation of dosing) followed by progressive retinal degeneration (35 and 70 days). IDPN exposure resulted in opacification of the cornea and vascular hemorrhaging into the subretinal space (3 days) followed by complete detachment of the retina (7 days). The corneal opacification was transient and resolved by 14 days post-treatment. The retina underwent complete spontaneous reattachment between 35 and 70 days after IDPN administration. A subsequent experiment was performed to characterize the dose-response of IDPN on retinal histology, 2 weeks after the last dose (0, 100, 200, 400 mg/kg x 3 days). In the dose-response experiment, retinal detachment and degeneration in the IN layer were only apparent in the 400 mg/kg dose group. However, increased GFAP immunoreactivity in the retina was observed in the 200 mg/kg dose group without overt retinal pathology. Results indicate that the corneal opacification, vascular hemorrhaging, and detached retinae recovered in a time-dependant manner, while neurodegeneration of the visual retina was progressive, even after the retina had reattached. The present study indicates that this toxicant may have direct effects on both neural and non-neural structures, and characterizes the time-course and dose-response of histopathological changes in the retina. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Barone, S AU - Herr, D W AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 451 EP - 467 VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Nitriles KW - 0 KW - 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - 3XP1CVU865 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Nerve Degeneration -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Eye -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Eye -- ultrastructure KW - Male KW - Retina -- ultrastructure KW - Nitriles -- pharmacology KW - Retina -- drug effects KW - Visual Pathways -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77836218?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile+on+the+peripheral+structures+of+the+rat+visual+system.&rft.au=Barone%2C+S%3BHerr%2C+D+W%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Barone&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-18 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Further development of a multifactor potency scheme for chemical carcinogens. AN - 77821103; 8925515 AB - This potency scheme expands a previously reported approach (Nesnow S. Mutat Res 1990; 239:83-115) and uses as its base dose potency measured as TD50. The TD50 is converted into an inverse log scale, a decile scale, and is adjusted by weighting factors that describe other parameters of carcinogenic potency. These factors include positive or negative weightings for: the induction of tumors at tissues or organs associated with high historical control tumor incidences; the induction of malignant tumors; the induction of tumors at multiple sites; the induction of tumors in both sexes of the species; and the induction of tumors in more than one species. To express the inactivity of chemicals towards the induction of cancer, the highest average daily dose (HADD) that did not induce a statistical increase in tumors was employed. HADD values were similarly converted to log decile units and adjusted by weighting factors according to lack of activity in both sexes of a species and the lack of activity in more than one species. Three ranking schemes were developed and applied to a 225-chemical data set obtained from the National Toxicology Program Technical Reports: the carcinogen potency-F344 rat; the carcinogen potency-B6C3F1 mouse; and the carcinogen potency-combined, a potency scheme based on selecting data from either the F344 rat or B6C3F1. JF - Cancer detection and prevention AU - Nesnow, S AD - Carcinogenesis and Metabolism Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 465 EP - 471 VL - 19 IS - 6 SN - 0361-090X, 0361-090X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice KW - Decision Making KW - Male KW - Female KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Hazardous Substances -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77821103?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+detection+and+prevention&rft.atitle=Further+development+of+a+multifactor+potency+scheme+for+chemical+carcinogens.&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+detection+and+prevention&rft.issn=0361090X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-27 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-27 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectra in salmonella of chlorinated, chloraminated, or ozonated drinking water extracts: comparison to MX. AN - 77819674; 8575416 AB - Drinking water samples were prepared in a pilot-scale treatment plant by chlorination (Cl2), chloramination (NH2Cl), ozonation (O3), or O3 followed by Cl2 or NH2Cl; and the nonvolatile acidic organics of the raw and treated waters were extracted by XAD/ethyl acetate and evaluated for mutagenicity in Salmonella (-S9). The extracts were 2-8 times more mutagenic in TA100 than in TA98, and the mutagenic potencies of the water extracts ranked similarly in both strains: Cl2 > O3 + Cl2 > NH2Cl > O3 + NH2Cl > O3 > raw. 3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX), which was estimated to account for approximately 20% of the mutagenic activity of the extracts, was shown to be the most potent compound tested thus far in a prophage-induction assay in Escherichia coli and a forward-mutation assay in Salmonella TM677. The mutations in approximately 2,000 revertants of TA98 and TA100 induced by MX and the water extracts were analyzed by colony probe hybridization and polymerase chain reaction/DNA sequence analysis. The water extracts and MX produced similar mutation spectra, which consisted in TA100 of predominantly of GC-->TA transversions in the second position of the CCC (or GGG) target of the hisG46 allele. This spectrum resembles that produced by large aromatic compounds and is distinct from that produced by alkylating agents and the semivolatile drinking water mutagen dichloroacetic acid. In TA98, MX and those water extracts resulting from the introduction of the chlorine atom produced 50-70% hotspot 2-base deletions and 30-50% complex frameshifts (frameshifts with an adjacent base substitution--mostly GC-->TA transversions as found in TA100). No other compound or mixture is known to induce such high frequencies of complex frameshifts. These results suggest that MX and "MX-like" compounds (possibly halogenated aromatics, such as halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) account for much of the mutagenic activity and specificity of the nonvolatile organics in drinking water and that these halogenated organics are especially capable of promoting misincorporation by the DNA replication complex. This study provides further evidence that the mutation spectrum of a complex mixture reflects the dominance of one or a few classes of chemical mutagens within the mixture. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Abu-Shakra, A AU - Felton, C F AU - Patterson, K S AU - Shelton, M L AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 270 EP - 285 VL - 26 IS - 4 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Chloramines KW - 0 KW - Furans KW - Mutagens KW - Chlorine KW - 4R7X1O2820 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone KW - 77439-76-0 KW - chloramine KW - KW8K411A1P KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Pilot Projects KW - Escherichia coli -- virology KW - Genes, Bacterial -- drug effects KW - Bacteriophages -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Alleles KW - Base Sequence KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Biotransformation KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Male KW - Furans -- pharmacology KW - Water Supply -- analysis KW - Ozone -- pharmacology KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Chlorine -- pharmacology KW - Mutagens -- pharmacology KW - Chloramines -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77819674?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectra+in+salmonella+of+chlorinated%2C+chloraminated%2C+or+ozonated+drinking+water+extracts%3A+comparison+to+MX.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BAbu-Shakra%2C+A%3BFelton%2C+C+F%3BPatterson%2C+K+S%3BShelton%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=270&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The application of structure-activity relationships (SARs) in the aquatic toxicity evaluation of discrete organic chemicals. AN - 77813590; 8564855 AB - The Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT), United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) routinely uses structure-activity relationships (SAR) for the aquatic hazard assessment of new chemicals submitted under Section 5 of the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). With 15 years of experience and the general acceptance of toxicity predictions based on SARs, OPPT has expanded the use and application of the methodology to include existing chemicals used in printing, dry cleaning, and paint stripping. SAR analysis has also been used in the hazard evaluation of the U.S. and EU/OECD high production volume (HPV) chemicals. This paper describes the assumptions, limitations, and methodology for the use of SARs to evaluate large sets of discrete organic chemicals. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Clements, R G AU - Nabholz, J V AU - Zeeman, M G AU - Auer, C M AD - Environmental Effects Branch (7403), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460-0001, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 203 EP - 215 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Fishes KW - Daphnia KW - Chemical Industry KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77813590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=The+application+of+structure-activity+relationships+%28SARs%29+in+the+aquatic+toxicity+evaluation+of+discrete+organic+chemicals.&rft.au=Clements%2C+R+G%3BNabholz%2C+J+V%3BZeeman%2C+M+G%3BAuer%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Clements&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. EPA regulatory perspectives on the use of QSAR for new and existing chemical evaluations. AN - 77789541; 8564854 AB - As testing is not required, ecotoxicity or fate data are available for approximately 5% of the approximately 2,300 new chemicals/year (26,000 + total) submitted to the US-EPA. The EPA's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (OPPT) regulatory program was forced to develop and rely upon QSARs to estimate the ecotoxicity and fate of most of the new chemicals evaluated for hazard and risk assessment. QSAR methods routinely result in ecotoxicity estimations of acute and chronic toxicity to fish, aquatic invertebrates, and algae, and in fate estimations of physical/chemical properties, degradation, and bioconcentration. The EPA's Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Inventory of existing chemicals currently lists over 72,000 chemicals. Most existing chemicals also appear to have little or no ecotoxicity or fate data available and the OPPT new chemical QSAR methods now provide predictions and cross-checks of test data for the regulation of existing chemicals. Examples include the Toxics Release Inventory (TRI), the Design for the Environment (DfE), and the OECD/SIDS/HPV Programs. QSAR screening of the TSCA Inventory has prioritized thousands of existing chemicals for possible regulatory testing of: 1) persistent bioaccumulative chemicals, and 2) the high ecotoxicity of specific discrete organic chemicals. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Zeeman, M AU - Auer, C M AU - Clements, R G AU - Nabholz, J V AU - Boethling, R S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health and Environmental Review Division, Washington, D.C. 20460-0001, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 179 EP - 201 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Fishes KW - Invertebrates KW - Eukaryota KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Environmental Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77789541?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=U.S.+EPA+regulatory+perspectives+on+the+use+of+QSAR+for+new+and+existing+chemical+evaluations.&rft.au=Zeeman%2C+M%3BAuer%2C+C+M%3BClements%2C+R+G%3BNabholz%2C+J+V%3BBoethling%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Zeeman&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Case studies of environmental risks to children. AN - 77697861; 8528686 AB - Doing a better job of protecting children from environmental hazards requires having more and better information about both children's susceptibility and their exposure to toxic substances. There are many critical gaps in knowledge of this issue. This article presents several examples specifically related to children's exposure to pesticides which illustrate environmental risks for children. The cases examined include the risk posed to children by the use of the insecticide aldicarb on bananas, and reported illnesses in children caused by the use of the insecticide diazinon in the home and by the use of interior house paint containing mercury. The cases presented illustrate how regulatory agencies, parents, health care providers, and others who come into contact with children on a regular basis all have roles to play in filling in the information gaps regarding children's exposure to environmental hazards and the deleterious effects of these exposures. JF - The Future of children AU - Goldman, L R AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 27 EP - 33 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1054-8289, 1054-8289 KW - Hazardous Waste KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Infant KW - Hazardous Waste -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Child KW - Child, Preschool KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Child Welfare UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77697861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Future+of+children&rft.atitle=Case+studies+of+environmental+risks+to+children.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Future+of+children&rft.issn=10548289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-01-29 N1 - Date created - 1996-01-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Atrazine treatment potentiates excretion of mutagenic urine in 2,6-dinitrotoluene-treated Fischer 344 rats. AN - 77571524; 7556115 AB - Atrazine (ATZ), an s-triazine herbicide, is a widespread environmental contaminant. The hepatocarcinogenic component of technical grade dinitrotoluene, 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT, 19.5%), is a byproduct of trinitrotoluene synthesis and is found at production sites. This study explores the effect of ATZ treatment on the bioactivation of the promutagen, 2,6-DNT. Male Fischer 344 rats (5 weeks old) were administered 50 mg/kg of ATZ by gavage for 5 weeks. At 1, 3, and 5 weeks, both DMSO-control and ATZ-pretreated rats were treated p.o. with 75 mg/kg of 2,6-DNT and were housed in metabolism cages for urine collection. Sulfatase- and beta-glucuronidase-treated, concentrated urine was bioassayed for urinary mutagens in a microsuspension modification of the Salmonella assay with and without metabolic activation. No significant change in mutagen excretion was observed in ATZ-treated rats; however, an elevation in direct-acting urine mutagens from rats receiving ATZ and 2,6-DNT at weeks 1 (359 +/- 68 vs. 621 +/- 96 revertants/ml) and 5 (278 +/- 46 vs. 667 +/- 109 revertants/ml) of treatment was observed. The increase in production of urinary mutagens was accompanied by an elevation in small intestinal nitroreductase activity. Increases in large intestinal nitroreductase and beta-glucuronidase were observed after 5 weeks. There was no apparent effect of ATZ following 5 weeks of treatment on the production of 2,6-DNT-derived hepatic DNA adducts. ATZ treatment modifies intestinal enzymes responsible for promutagen bioactivation, and potentiates the excretion of mutagenic urine in 2,6-DNT-treated animals. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - George, S E AU - Chadwick, R W AU - Kohan, M J AU - Allison, J C AU - Warren, S H AU - Williams, R W AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 178 EP - 184 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - Herbicides KW - 2,6-dinitrotoluene KW - GG7FAV92MK KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide KW - YOW8V9698H KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Intestines -- drug effects KW - DNA Adducts -- drug effects KW - Biotransformation -- drug effects KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Intestines -- enzymology KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Dimethyl Sulfoxide -- administration & dosage KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Drug Synergism KW - Male KW - Mutation -- drug effects KW - Herbicides -- urine KW - Herbicides -- administration & dosage KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- urine KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- administration & dosage KW - Atrazine -- administration & dosage KW - Atrazine -- urine KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Herbicides -- toxicity KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- toxicity KW - Atrazine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77571524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Atrazine+treatment+potentiates+excretion+of+mutagenic+urine+in+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene-treated+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BChadwick%2C+R+W%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BWarren%2C+S+H%3BWilliams%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=178&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trimethyltin-induced neuropathy in the rat: interaction with thermoregulation. AN - 77562482; 7566691 AB - The enhanced production of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) by astroglia appears to be a general response of the CNS to many types of toxic insult. The organometallic neurotoxicant, trimethyltin (TMT), is one such agent known to increase the production of GFAP as a consequence of widespread neuronal destruction. TMT also leads to transient reductions in body temperature (Tb), a response which may alter the neurotoxic effects of this compound. To study the role of Tb in the neurotoxic effects of TMT, rats were injected (i.v.) with saline or 8.0 mg/kg TMT and maintained at ambient temperatures (Ta) of 16, 22, or 30 degrees C for 72 hr while Tb (core) was measured periodically. Animals were then housed at a Ta of 22 degrees C for 35 days after which time their brains were removed and dissected into hippocampus, cerebral cortex, striatum, midbrain and cerebellum for subsequent analysis of GFAP. TMT led to a significant decrease in Tb of rats housed at 22 degrees C measured 3 hr after treatment. Tb of rats maintained at Ta's of 16 and 30 degrees C was unaffected by TMT initially (i.e., no hypothermia); however, by 72 hr after TMT, rats maintained at 22 and 30 degrees C had a significantly elevated Tb. TMT led to marked elevations in GFAP levels, a response that was affected by Ta. In the hippocampus the elevation in GFAP was significantly greater in rats housed at 16 and 30 degrees C. A similar pattern was seen in the midbrain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Gordon, C J AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurobehavioral Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 319 EP - 326 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Trimethyltin Compounds KW - trimethyltin KW - 1631-73-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Temperature KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Nervous System Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Trimethyltin Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77562482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Trimethyltin-induced+neuropathy+in+the+rat%3A+interaction+with+thermoregulation.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Defining neurotoxicity in a decision-making context. AN - 77561261; 7566695 AB - Neurotoxicity is one of several noncancer endpoints used by regulatory agencies in risk assessment. At the US EPA, neurotoxicity is defined as an adverse change in the structure and/or function of the central and/or peripheral nervous system measured at the neurochemical, behavioral, neurophysiological or anatomical levels. Adverse effects include alterations that diminish an organism's ability to survive, reproduce or adapt to the environment. Generally, a weight-of-evidence approach is used to evaluate observed effects. There is, for example, a high level of concern for persistent changes in the function or structure of the nervous system, while transient changes must be evaluated using further criteria. Compensatory changes resulting from cell death might represent activation of repair capacity and, since this could decrease future potential adaptability, reversibility is viewed with concern. In general, equal weight is given to chemicals that directly or indirectly affect the nervous system. Finally, effects on the nervous system must be compared to those on other organ systems to help rule out non-specific changes in neurobiological measures. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Tilson, H A AU - MacPhail, R C AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 363 EP - 375 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Humans KW - Nervous System Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Nervous System Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Decision Making KW - Legislation, Medical KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77561261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Defining+neurotoxicity+in+a+decision-making+context.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=363&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and testing of a whole-air sampler for measurement of personal exposure to volatile organic compounds. AN - 77492748; 7663152 AB - A small and relatively lightweight (3.35 kg) whole-air (canister) sampler that can be worn to monitor personal exposures to volatile organic compounds was developed and evaluated. The prototype personal whole-air sampler (PWAS) consists of a 1-l canister, a mass flow controller, two 1.3 amp hour batteries, a DC/DC converter, and an electronics module with a digital display for the sampling set point, actual flow rate, and battery voltage. The sampler (25.5 x 22.5 x 7.5 cm) fits into a laptop computer carrying case and is able to collect a 900 ml sample at a linear flow rate over 12-16 hours. Laboratory tests demonstrated that the sample flow rate was not affected by temperature or the activity of the person wearing the sampler. Recoveries of methylene chloride, chloroform, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, benzene, n-octane, o-xylene, n-decane, and p-dichlorobenzene averaged 89% or better for three final prototype samplers. Recoveries were slightly lower for vinyl chloride (74%) and n-dodecane (82%). The precision for the three prototypes was excellent during laboratory tests with the coefficient of variation (CV) < 10% for all the test compounds. Although the unit was designed for use as a personal whole-air sampling system, it can also be used as an extremely compact microenvironmental whole-air sampler. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Whitaker, D A AU - Fortmann, R C AU - Lindstrom, A B AD - Atmospheric Research and Exposure Assessment Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 89 EP - 100 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Equipment Design KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Humans KW - Hydrocarbons -- isolation & purification KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- instrumentation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77492748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Development+and+testing+of+a+whole-air+sampler+for+measurement+of+personal+exposure+to+volatile+organic+compounds.&rft.au=Whitaker%2C+D+A%3BFortmann%2C+R+C%3BLindstrom%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Whitaker&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-10-12 N1 - Date created - 1995-10-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Perspective on appropriate dose levels for in vivo cytogenetics assays: Environmental Mutagen Society workshop (May 8, 1994). AN - 77382877; 7607187 JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Dearfield, K L Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 321 EP - 322 VL - 25 IS - 4 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Pest Control KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mutation -- genetics KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Cytogenetics -- trends UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77382877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Perspective+on+appropriate+dose+levels+for+in+vivo+cytogenetics+assays%3A+Environmental+Mutagen+Society+workshop+%28May+8%2C+1994%29.&rft.au=Dearfield%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Dearfield&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-14 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Profile of procarbazine-induced embryotoxicity in an embryo hepatocyte co-culture system and after in utero glutathione depletion. AN - 77372252; 7604390 AB - Procarbazine (PCZ) is an antineoplastic agent useful in the treatment of Hodgkin's disease, brain tumors, and chronic leukemia. PCZ is dysmorphogenic to developing embryos exposed in vivo or cultured in the serum of PCZ-treated rats. However, embryos directly cultured with PCZ (up to 400 micrograms/ml) or PCZ plus S-9 liver fractions are unaffected. Since intact liver cells provide several advantages over hepatic subcellular fractions for in vitro bioactivation, we exposed rat embryos to PCZ in an embryo/hepatocyte co-culture system. Gestation day (GD) 9.5 rat embryos exposed to 0, 200, 300, or 400 micrograms PCZ/ml in the presence of untreated or phenobarbital induced male rat hepatocytes failed to display toxicity. However, in a companion study GD 9.5 rat embryos cultured in the serum from PCZ-treated rats exhibited developmental deficiencies. Studies have shown that the formation of toxic metabolites can result from glutathione (GSH) conjugation of toxicants in the liver. Therefore, in a second set of experiments, rat embryos were cultured in serum from rats pretreated with two GSH depleters (phorone and buthionine sulfoximine) and subsequently dosed with PCZ. Effects on development were enhanced when embryos were cultured in the serum from PCZ-treated/GSH depleted rats. These data indicate that PCZ requires in vivo activation to be dysmorphogenic and further suggest that the metabolite(s) responsible for procarbazine embryo-toxicity are formed readily under conditions of low GSH levels. This argues against a glutathione conjugate as the ultimate toxicant. JF - Teratogenesis, carcinogenesis, and mutagenesis AU - Ebron-McCoy, M T AU - Nichols, H P AU - Andrews, J E AU - Kavlock, R J AD - Perinatal Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 33 EP - 42 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0270-3211, 0270-3211 KW - Antimetabolites KW - 0 KW - Ketones KW - Methionine Sulfoximine KW - 1982-67-8 KW - Procarbazine KW - 35S93Y190K KW - Buthionine Sulfoximine KW - 5072-26-4 KW - phorone KW - 8F20OEI0MV KW - Glutathione KW - GAN16C9B8O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- cytology KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Methionine Sulfoximine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Antimetabolites -- toxicity KW - Biotransformation KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Methionine Sulfoximine -- toxicity KW - Ketones -- toxicity KW - Time Factors KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Procarbazine -- blood KW - Procarbazine -- toxicity KW - Glutathione -- metabolism KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Procarbazine -- metabolism KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77372252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratogenesis%2C+carcinogenesis%2C+and+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Profile+of+procarbazine-induced+embryotoxicity+in+an+embryo+hepatocyte+co-culture+system+and+after+in+utero+glutathione+depletion.&rft.au=Ebron-McCoy%2C+M+T%3BNichols%2C+H+P%3BAndrews%2C+J+E%3BKavlock%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Ebron-McCoy&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=33&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratogenesis%2C+carcinogenesis%2C+and+mutagenesis&rft.issn=02703211&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-10 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Flow cytometric detection of abnormal fetal erythropoiesis: application to 5-fluorouracil-induced anemia. AN - 77366554; 7541166 AB - We sought to determine whether flow cytometric analysis of circulating fetal blood cells could be used to rapidly detect perturbations of fetal erythropoiesis. In addition, we wanted to determine whether this approach would allow sample collection by exsanguination instead of fetal cardiac puncture, a difficult technique used to prevent contamination of samples with maternal erythrocytes. To monitor fetal erythropoiesis from gestational day (GD) 14-20, we analyzed the cell size, RNA content, and percentage of circulating liver-derived reticulocytes relative to yolk-sac-derived erythroblasts. As a model toxicant, we chose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), since we previously observed that maternal administration at 20-40 mg/kg on gestational day (GD) 14 produced fetal anemia on GD 16-17, as evidenced by dose-dependent decreases in the cell counts, hematocrit, and hemoglobin content of fetal blood obtained by cardiac puncture. We report herein that 48 hr after maternal 5-FU administration, both cardiac and peripheral blood samples exhibited a dose-dependent decrease in the relative percentage of reticulocytes, indicating a reduced rate of reticulocyte release from the fetal liver. Moreover, at 30 and 40 mg/kg, reticulocytes exhibited increased size and reduced RNA content on GD 16, but elevated RNA content (indicative of premature release) by GD 18. These data suggest that 5-FU inhibits both erythroid cell proliferation and RNA synthesis reversibly, resulting in an anemia that triggers compensatory release of immature reticulocytes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Teratology AU - Zucker, R M AU - Elstein, K H AU - Shuey, D L AU - Rogers, J M AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 37 EP - 44 VL - 51 IS - 1 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Fluorouracil KW - U3P01618RT KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - RNA -- blood KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Fetal Heart KW - Erythrocyte Count KW - Gestational Age KW - Erythroid Precursor Cells KW - Punctures KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Yolk Sac KW - Reticulocytes KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Fetal Blood -- cytology KW - Hematopoiesis, Extramedullary KW - Fetal Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Erythropoiesis KW - Fluorouracil -- toxicity KW - Anemia -- embryology KW - Fetal Diseases -- blood KW - Anemia -- chemically induced KW - Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic -- chemically induced UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77366554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Flow+cytometric+detection+of+abnormal+fetal+erythropoiesis%3A+application+to+5-fluorouracil-induced+anemia.&rft.au=Zucker%2C+R+M%3BElstein%2C+K+H%3BShuey%2C+D+L%3BRogers%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Zucker&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-28 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk assessment of environmental chemicals. AN - 77360255; 7598498 AB - Risk assessment is an evolving process, based not only upon toxicology but also upon a broad background of knowledge in fields ranging from chemistry to physiology and molecular biology and from environmental transport processes to applied statistics. Risk assessment procedures must be continually updated to reflect advances in these basic sciences. This review addresses several areas of risk assessment that are receiving heightened attention, including neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and toxicokinetics and modeling. Risk assessors must work with the scientific community at large to incorporate advances in the basic sciences into their extrapolations. A concerted attempt to better define the variability and decrease the uncertainty of hazard estimates will result in more efficient protection of the public and the environment against toxic hazards. JF - Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology AU - Fan, A AU - Howd, R AU - Davis, B AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 341 EP - 368 VL - 35 SN - 0362-1642, 0362-1642 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Immune System -- drug effects KW - Reproduction -- drug effects KW - Humans KW - Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- toxicity KW - Models, Biological KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77360255?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+review+of+pharmacology+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Risk+assessment+of+environmental+chemicals.&rft.au=Fan%2C+A%3BHowd%2C+R%3BDavis%2C+B&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=&rft.spage=341&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+review+of+pharmacology+and+toxicology&rft.issn=03621642&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-08-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-08-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Indoor air quality: research needs. AN - 77349935; 7792677 AB - Areas of research for which the author finds a need include source characterization, exposure assessment, health effects, risk assessment, and solutions that will prevent or mitigate pollution. Policies regarding radon are cited to provide examples of directions that other IAQ policies can follow. JF - Occupational medicine (Philadelphia, Pa.) AU - Teichman, K Y AD - Office of Research and Development, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. PY - 1995 SP - 217 EP - 227 VL - 10 IS - 1 SN - 0885-114X, 0885-114X KW - Radon KW - Q74S4N8N1G KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Research KW - Radon -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- prevention & control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77349935?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.atitle=Indoor+air+quality%3A+research+needs.&rft.au=Teichman%2C+K+Y&rft.aulast=Teichman&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Occupational+medicine+%28Philadelphia%2C+Pa.%29&rft.issn=0885114X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-25 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenesis and human genetic disease: an introduction. AN - 77344748; 7789358 AB - This special issue attempts to provide a fresh perspective on the importance of germ-cell mutagenesis studies and restate the questions and challenges inherent in efforts to minimize the incidence of human genetic diseases. We are working in a time when rapidly advancing molecular technologies provide the tools that permit a more detailed understanding of germ-cell mutagenesis and genetic disease. Meanwhile, discoveries of new genetic disease phenomena challenge our abilities to conceive and develop research models for their study. It is hoped that the collection of articles in this issue will serve to stimulate interest in scientists of varied disciplines and help focus those interests on the issues surrounding the relationship between environmental mutagens and human genetic disease. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Dellarco, V L AU - Erickson, R P AU - Lewis, S E AU - Shelby, M D AD - Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2 EP - 6 VL - 25 Suppl 26 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Aneuploidy KW - Humans KW - Germ-Line Mutation KW - Genetic Diseases, Inborn -- genetics KW - Genetic Diseases, Inborn -- epidemiology KW - Mutagenesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77344748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutagenesis+and+human+genetic+disease%3A+an+introduction.&rft.au=Dellarco%2C+V+L%3BErickson%2C+R+P%3BLewis%2C+S+E%3BShelby%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Dellarco&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=25+Suppl+26&rft.issue=&rft.spage=2&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1995-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human exposure to environmental pollutants: a decade of experience. AN - 77239573; 7728623 JF - Clinical and experimental allergy : journal of the British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology AU - Wallace, L A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Reston, VA 22091, USA. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 4 EP - 9 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0954-7894, 0954-7894 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Male KW - Female KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77239573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+and+experimental+allergy+%3A+journal+of+the+British+Society+for+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.atitle=Human+exposure+to+environmental+pollutants%3A+a+decade+of+experience.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L+A&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=4&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clinical+and+experimental+allergy+%3A+journal+of+the+British+Society+for+Allergy+and+Clinical+Immunology&rft.issn=09547894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-06-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-06-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Immunotoxicity--bridging the gap between animal research and human health effects. AN - 77209968; 7713335 JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Selgrade, M K AU - Cooper, K D AU - Devlin, R B AU - van Loveren, H AU - Biagini, R E AU - Luster, M I Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 13 EP - 21 VL - 24 IS - 1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Drug Hypersensitivity -- immunology KW - Immune Tolerance -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Mice KW - Mice, SCID KW - Risk Assessment KW - Immune System -- drug effects KW - Immune System -- radiation effects KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Toxicology -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77209968?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Immunotoxicity--bridging+the+gap+between+animal+research+and+human+health+effects.&rft.au=Selgrade%2C+M+K%3BCooper%2C+K+D%3BDevlin%2C+R+B%3Bvan+Loveren%2C+H%3BBiagini%2C+R+E%3BLuster%2C+M+I&rft.aulast=Selgrade&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone adaptation in rats after chronic exposure to a simulated urban profile of ozone. AN - 77208784; 7713342 AB - Studies in both humans and rats have indicated that certain pulmonary responses induced by exposure to an acute provocative concentration of ozone (O3) will eventually attenuate if the exposure is repeated on a daily basis. This phenomenon is commonly referred to as O3 adaptation. Whether or not a "state" of adaptation develops due to long-term low level O3 exposure is unknown. Two human studies have reported adaptation in subjects living in Los Angeles during periods when ambient O3 concentrations have been relatively high. At present, however, we are not aware of comparable information from rats. This study assessed O3 adaptation in rats following chronic (12 or 18 months) exposure and after a 4-month recovery period. A chronic exposure pattern, similar to that found in an urban area during the summer (0.06 ppm O3 for 13 hr/day, 7 days/week; Monday-Friday, peak to 0.25 ppm O3, over 9 hr), was used. To assess whether adaptation had occurred and/or persisted, awake rats were challenged with high provocative concentrations of O3 for up to 2 hr. During a challenge, rats were monitored for typical O3-induced alterations in spontaneous breathing parameters (e.g., increase in breathing frequency and decrease in tidal volume). Adaptation was defined as attenuation of breathing response during the challenge in rats chronically exposed to O3 as compared to that in "control" rats (chronically exposed to air). Adaptation was found in the rats within 8 hr following the chronic O3 exposure but not after the 4-month recovery period. Spontaneous breathing parameters that were significantly attenuated in the chronically exposed rats were breathing frequency, tidal volume, inspiratory and expiratory times, and maximum expiratory flow. We conclude that rats demonstrated adaptation to O3 after long-term exposure to an urban-type O3 profile and that the adaptation was not seen 4 months postexposure. These results suggest that exposure to environmental O3 in Los Angeles air may have been responsible for the adaptation found in residential subjects. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Wiester, M J AU - Tepper, J S AU - Doerfler, D L AU - Costa, D L AD - Environmental Toxicology Division (MD-82), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 42 EP - 51 VL - 24 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Urban Health KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- physiology KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77208784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Ozone+adaptation+in+rats+after+chronic+exposure+to+a+simulated+urban+profile+of+ozone.&rft.au=Wiester%2C+M+J%3BTepper%2C+J+S%3BDoerfler%2C+D+L%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Wiester&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Potential carcinogenicity of chloral hydrate--a review. AN - 77187655; 7897749 AB - Chloral hydrate is commonly used to sedate children for diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. The drug has been extensively used for many years, but there are remarkably few data on its long-term health effects. Concern in this regard is raised by recent studies showing chloral hydrate to be genotoxic, causing chromosome changes and other effects in vivo and in vitro. In addition, chloral hydrate is a reactive metabolite of trichloroethylene, a known carcinogen, and is structurally similar to other carcinogenic intermediates. Two carcinogenicity studies performed using the oral route of administration in mice indicate that the drug is potentially carcinogenic--in one case after a single dose lower than the typical dose used for sedation. Practitioners should be aware of chloral hydrate's genotoxicity and potential carcinogenicity. Discretion in its use seems appropriate until further studies clarify its long term health consequences. JF - Journal of toxicology. Clinical toxicology AU - Salmon, A G AU - Kizer, K W AU - Zeise, L AU - Jackson, R J AU - Smith, M T AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 115 EP - 121 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0731-3810, 0731-3810 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Chloral Hydrate KW - 418M5916WG KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Child KW - Chloral Hydrate -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Chloral Hydrate -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77187655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology.+Clinical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Potential+carcinogenicity+of+chloral+hydrate--a+review.&rft.au=Salmon%2C+A+G%3BKizer%2C+K+W%3BZeise%2C+L%3BJackson%2C+R+J%3BSmith%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Salmon&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology.+Clinical+toxicology&rft.issn=07313810&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-21 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Degradation of propanil by bacterial isolates and mixed populations from a pristine lake. AN - 77158526; 7874462 AB - The microbial transformation rates of propanil, a commonly used herbicide, were investigated using water from a pristine lake in northeast Georgia. Microbial degradation rates were measured using natural water microflora, the natural water microflora amended with five bacterial species (Aerobacter aerogenes, Aeromonas hydrophila, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Proteus mirabilis, and Aeromonas salmonicida) isolated from the same lake, and the five isolates individually. Transformation rate constants for propanil were compared for the mixed microbial assemblages and isolates at similar initial bacterial concentrations (approximately 5.0 x 10(-3) bacteria/mL). Degradation started within 60 hours and was completed by 160 hours in all experiments. The mean first-order rate constant for natural microflora was -(4.80 +/- 0.620) x 10(-3) h-1. Natural waters amended with the bacterial isolates yielded rate constants ranging from -(0.39 +/- 0.186) x 10(-3) h-1 to -(2.13 +/- 0.029) x 10(-3) h-1 with an overall mean of -(1.63 +/- 0.242) x 10(-3) h-1. After 660 hours following the first amendment of propanil, (i.e., 500 hours after propanil degradation was complete), each sample was again amended with propanil. Subsequent degradation rates ranged from -(21.3 +/- 0.186) x 10(-3) h-1 to -(64.2 +/- 0.786) x 10(-3) h-1 and the mean rate constant was -(37.5 +/- 0.922) x 10(-3) h-1. No significant differences were observed between first-order rate constants among isolates following the first or the second addition of propanil. After the second spike, however, the average of rate constants was approximately 20 times greater than that following the first spike. Rates for the individual isolates varied greatly from one isolate to another, ranging from virtually no degradation with A. calcoaceticus to -(21.6 +/- 0.332) x 10(-3) h-1 for the composite treatment of all isolates. JF - Chemosphere AU - Correa, I E AU - Steen, W C AD - Environmental Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, Georgia 30605-2720. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 103 EP - 116 VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Propanil KW - 709-98-8 KW - Index Medicus KW - Aeromonas -- metabolism KW - Enterobacter -- metabolism KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Acinetobacter -- metabolism KW - Proteus -- metabolism KW - Time Factors KW - Fresh Water KW - Propanil -- metabolism KW - Water Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77158526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Degradation+of+propanil+by+bacterial+isolates+and+mixed+populations+from+a+pristine+lake.&rft.au=Correa%2C+I+E%3BSteen%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Correa&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-06 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methoxychlor regulates rat uterine estrogen-induced protein. AN - 77131456; 7839363 AB - Methoxychlor (MXC), a proestrogenic pesticide, has adverse effects on fertility and uterine function in rodents. MXC is converted to an estrogenic substance, 2,2-bis-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (HPTE), which binds to the estrogen receptor. We examined the similarities in mechanism between MXC (500 mg/kg) and estrogen (10 micrograms/rat) actions using the estrogen-induced protein, IP, also known as creatine kinase. Immature, female rats were treated with MXC or estradiol (E2). Concurrent treatment included actinomycin D (100 micrograms), cycloheximide (100 micrograms), or progesterone (0.5 mg). Uterine proteins were labeled in vitro with 3H for treated rats and with 14C for controls. The uteri were combined, cytosol was isolated, non-denaturing (ND) gels were run, and dpm/gel slice were plotted. In a follow-up study, labeled cytosols from MXC- and E2-treated rats were immunoprecipitated with a monoclonal antibody to creatine kinase. The immunoprecipitate was run on SDS gels. The data show that both MXC and E2 treatments result in ND gels with peaks in (a) induced protein and (b) the 3H/14C ratio, in the same position. The induction of IP by MXC is time- and dose-dependent. Concurrent treatment with MXC plus actinomycin D or cycloheximide blocked IP synthesis, a result parallel to E2 action signifying the necessity of RNA and protein synthesis for IP induction. Progesterone did not block either MXC or E2 induction of IP synthesis. Immunoprecipitation of creatine kinase revealed a single peak at a molecular weight of approximately 49,000. SDS gels of cytosol after MXC or E2 treatment also yielded protein and ratio peaks at molecular weights of approximately 49,000. This estimate is near the published estimated molecular weight of creatine kinase of 46,000. We conclude that MXC action parallels that of estradiol on the induction and regulation of the estrogen-induced protein in immature rat uterus. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Cummings, A M AU - Metcalf, J L AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 154 EP - 160 VL - 130 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal KW - 0 KW - Estrogens KW - Muscle Proteins KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - estrogen-induced uterine creatine kinase, rat KW - Dactinomycin KW - 1CC1JFE158 KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Cycloheximide KW - 98600C0908 KW - Creatine Kinase KW - EC 2.7.3.2 KW - Methoxychlor KW - RIA79UD69L KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cycloheximide -- administration & dosage KW - Dactinomycin -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- drug effects KW - Estradiol -- administration & dosage KW - Antibodies, Monoclonal -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel KW - Progesterone -- pharmacology KW - Estradiol -- pharmacology KW - Progesterone -- administration & dosage KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Precipitin Tests KW - Molecular Weight KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Cycloheximide -- toxicity KW - Binding, Competitive KW - Female KW - Dactinomycin -- administration & dosage KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Muscle Proteins -- metabolism KW - Methoxychlor -- metabolism KW - Methoxychlor -- administration & dosage KW - Estrogens -- metabolism KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Methoxychlor -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77131456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Methoxychlor+regulates+rat+uterine+estrogen-induced+protein.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BMetcalf%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=154&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased [3H]phorbol ester binding in rat cerebellar granule cells by polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures and congeners: structure-activity relationships. AN - 77130904; 7839361 AB - Our previous reports indicate that polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in vitro perturbed cellular Ca2+ homeostasis and protein kinase C (PKC) translocation. We have now studied the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of 3 PCB mixtures, 24 PCB congeners, and 1 dibenzofuran for their effects on PKC translocation by measuring [3H]phorbol ester ([3H]PDBu) binding in cerebellar granule cells (7 days in culture). All the PCB mixtures studied increased [3H]PDBu binding significantly and in a concentration-dependent manner. However, Aroclor 1016 and Aroclor 1254 were more potent than Aroclor 1260. Of the 24 congeners studied, di-ortho congeners such as 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (-TeCB), 2,2',4,6,6'-pentachlorobiphenyl (-PeCB), 2,2',4,6-TeCB, and 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (-DCB) were the most potent (E50 = 28-43 microM) while non-ortho congeners such as 3,3',4,4'-TeCB and 3,3',4,4'5-PeCB were not effective. The potential contaminant of PCB mixtures, 1,2,3,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran had no significant effect on [3H]PDBu binding. The SAR among these congeners revealed: (i) congeners with ortho-chlorine substitution such as 2,2'-DCB (EC50 = 43 +/- 3 microM) or ortho-lateral (meta, para) chlorine substitution such as 2,2',5,5'-TeCB (EC50 = 28 +/- 3 microM) and 2,2'4,6-TeCB (E50 = 41 +/- 6 microM) were most potent; (ii) congeners with only para-substitution such as 4,4'-DCB or high lateral content in the absence of ortho-substitution such as 3,3',4,4',5,5'-HCB were not effective; and (iii) increased chlorination was not clearly related to the effectiveness of these congeners, although hexa- and heptachlorination was less effective than di- and tetrachlorination. Low lateral substitution, especially without para-substitution, or lateral content in the presence of ortho-substitution, may be the most important structural requirement for the in vitro activity of these PCB congeners in neuronal preparations. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Ward, T R AU - McKinney, J D AU - Tilson, H A AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 140 EP - 148 VL - 130 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Aroclors KW - 0 KW - Benzofurans KW - aroclor 1260 KW - 11096-82-5 KW - Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) KW - 11097-69-1 KW - Aroclor 1016 KW - 12674-11-2 KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate KW - 37558-16-0 KW - dibenzofuran KW - 8U54U639VI KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Stereoisomerism KW - Computer Simulation KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Aroclors -- toxicity KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Binding Sites KW - Pregnancy KW - Rats KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Female KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- metabolism KW - Benzofurans -- toxicity KW - Benzofurans -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism KW - Benzofurans -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77130904?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Increased+%5B3H%5Dphorbol+ester+binding+in+rat+cerebellar+granule+cells+by+polychlorinated+biphenyl+mixtures+and+congeners%3A+structure-activity+relationships.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=130&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of freshwater plants for phytotoxicity testing: a review. AN - 77087615; 15091582 AB - Phytotoxicity data for aquatic plants have served a relatively minor role in regulatory decisions concerning the environmental hazard of most potential contaminants. A variety of phytotoxicity tests have been conducted with freshwater green algae, duckweed, blue-green algae, diatoms and rooted macrophytes (whole plants and seeds). Several test methods have been standardized for microalgae which are used primarily with chemicals, effluents, contaminated sediment elutriates and hazardous waste leachates. Current scientific understanding concerning the phytotoxic effects of these contaminants is based mostly on results for a few green algae. The greatest limitation of these results is their uncertain environmental relevance due to the large interspecific variation in response of standard algal test species and the unrealistic experimental test conditions. Results of the few field validation toxicity tests conducted to resolve this uncertainty have been chemical-specific and unpredictable. Aquatic vascular plants have been used less frequently than algae as test species. Duckweeds have been used more often than rooted submersed species but the uncertain nature of their sensitivities relative to animal and other plant species has limited their use. Regulatory interest in wetland protection, contaminated sediment evaluations and sediment quality criteria development will result in increased use of whole rooted plants and their seeds as test species. Overall, regardless of the test species, if phytotoxicity data are to be more available and effective in the hazard assessment process, additional information concerning species sensitivity, and environmental relevance of the results will be needed. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Lewis, M A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Environmental Research Laboratory, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 319 EP - 336 VL - 87 IS - 3 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77087615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Use+of+freshwater+plants+for+phytotoxicity+testing%3A+a+review.&rft.au=Lewis%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-24 N1 - Date created - 2004-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risks from radiation; efforts at educating the public AN - 52872101; 1996-022971 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Leslie, Bret W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 141 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - medical geology KW - radioactivity KW - junior high school KW - education KW - World Wide Web KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - K-12 education KW - curricula KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - computer networks KW - Internet KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52872101?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Risks+from+radiation%3B+efforts+at+educating+the+public&rft.au=Leslie%2C+Bret+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Leslie&rft.aufirst=Bret&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=141&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer networks; curricula; education; Internet; junior high school; K-12 education; medical geology; radioactive waste; radioactivity; risk assessment; waste disposal; waste management; World Wide Web ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geographical information systems used to manage a Superfund site AN - 52865634; 1996-028838 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Davis, Ron AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 20 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - zinc KW - technology KW - medical geology KW - copper KW - lead KW - tin KW - waste management KW - computers KW - geographic information systems KW - workstations KW - particulate materials KW - heavy metals KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - soils KW - antimony KW - Virginia KW - three-dimensional models KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - Abex Site KW - Portsmouth Virginia KW - pollution KW - metals KW - information systems KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52865634?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Geographical+information+systems+used+to+manage+a+Superfund+site&rft.au=Davis%2C+Ron%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Abex Site; antimony; Atlantic Coastal Plain; computers; copper; geographic information systems; heavy metals; information systems; lead; medical geology; metals; particulate materials; pollutants; pollution; Portsmouth Virginia; soils; Superfund; technology; three-dimensional models; tin; United States; Virginia; waste management; workstations; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multiple stable isotope tracing of the food web in a river dominated estuary, Apalachicola Bay, Florida AN - 52864905; 1996-028841 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Chanton, J P AU - Lewis, Graham AU - Coffin, Richard B AU - Hoch, Matthew AU - Kelley, Cheryl A AU - Dillion, Kevin AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 20 EP - 21 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Franklin County Florida KW - isotopes KW - floodplains KW - plankton KW - Florida KW - stable isotopes KW - nitrogen KW - sampling KW - carbon KW - Apalachicola Bay KW - tracers KW - particulate materials KW - estuarine environment KW - productivity KW - organic materials KW - N-15/N-14 KW - isotope ratios KW - C-13/C-12 KW - inorganic materials KW - organic compounds KW - S-34/S-32 KW - dissolved materials KW - fluvial features KW - sulfur KW - fluvial environment KW - 02D:Isotope geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52864905?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Multiple+stable+isotope+tracing+of+the+food+web+in+a+river+dominated+estuary%2C+Apalachicola+Bay%2C+Florida&rft.au=Chanton%2C+J+P%3BLewis%2C+Graham%3BCoffin%2C+Richard+B%3BHoch%2C+Matthew%3BKelley%2C+Cheryl+A%3BDillion%2C+Kevin%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Chanton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apalachicola Bay; C-13/C-12; carbon; dissolved materials; estuarine environment; floodplains; Florida; fluvial environment; fluvial features; Franklin County Florida; inorganic materials; isotope ratios; isotopes; N-15/N-14; nitrogen; organic compounds; organic materials; particulate materials; plankton; productivity; S-34/S-32; sampling; stable isotopes; sulfur; tracers; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermodynamic evaluation of the geochemical behavior of chlorinated hydrocarbons in natural waters AN - 52855505; 1996-031201 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Haas, Johnson R AU - Shock, Everett L AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 465 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52855505?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Thermodynamic+evaluation+of+the+geochemical+behavior+of+chlorinated+hydrocarbons+in+natural+waters&rft.au=Haas%2C+Johnson+R%3BShock%2C+Everett+L%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Haas&rft.aufirst=Johnson&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=465&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; organic compounds; phase equilibria; pollutants; pollution; thermodynamic properties; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Composition and speciation of REE-bearing metasomatic fluids in the Adamello contact aureole (Italy) AN - 52833107; 1996-031058 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Giere, Reto AU - Haas, Johnson AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 437 EP - 438 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - Alps KW - fluid phase KW - Europe KW - metasomatism KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - Adamello Massif KW - contact metamorphism KW - Central Alps KW - phase equilibria KW - Lombardy Italy KW - Rhaetian Alps KW - rare earths KW - mineral assemblages KW - batholiths KW - trace elements KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - plutons KW - apatite KW - phosphates KW - metamorphism KW - intrusions KW - titanium KW - metals KW - aureoles KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52833107?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Composition+and+speciation+of+REE-bearing+metasomatic+fluids+in+the+Adamello+contact+aureole+%28Italy%29&rft.au=Giere%2C+Reto%3BHaas%2C+Johnson%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Giere&rft.aufirst=Reto&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=437&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adamello Massif; Alps; apatite; aureoles; batholiths; Central Alps; chemical fractionation; contact metamorphism; Europe; fluid phase; geochemistry; intrusions; Italy; Lombardy Italy; metals; metamorphism; metasomatism; mineral assemblages; phase equilibria; phosphates; plutons; rare earths; Rhaetian Alps; Southern Europe; thermodynamic properties; titanium; trace elements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of dieldrin binding to dissolved organic material in sediment pore water using a reverse-phase separation technique AN - 52826800; 1996-058214 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Kosian, Patricia A AU - Hoke, Robert A AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Vandermeiden, Frances M Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 445 EP - 450 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - complexing KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - partitioning KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - organic carbon KW - dieldrin KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - insecticides KW - experimental studies KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - pesticides KW - regression analysis KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52826800?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Determination+of+dieldrin+binding+to+dissolved+organic+material+in+sediment+pore+water+using+a+reverse-phase+separation+technique&rft.au=Kosian%2C+Patricia+A%3BHoke%2C+Robert+A%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T%3BVandermeiden%2C+Frances+M&rft.aulast=Kosian&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=445&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; colloidal materials; complexing; detection; dieldrin; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; insecticides; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; organochlorine pesticides; partitioning; pesticides; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; pore water; regression analysis; sediments; soils; solutes; statistical analysis; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of screening procedures for bioconcentratable organic chemicals in effluents and sediments AN - 52825174; 1996-058212 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Burkhard, Lawrence P AU - Sheedy, Barbara R Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 697 EP - 711 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - United States KW - organic materials KW - Five Mile Creek KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - chemical waste KW - Alabama KW - organic compounds KW - Birmingham Alabama KW - detection KW - Jefferson County Alabama KW - quantitative analysis KW - chromatograms KW - sediments KW - industrial waste KW - ecology KW - discharge KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52825174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+screening+procedures+for+bioconcentratable+organic+chemicals+in+effluents+and+sediments&rft.au=Burkhard%2C+Lawrence+P%3BSheedy%2C+Barbara+R&rft.aulast=Burkhard&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=697&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alabama; Birmingham Alabama; chemical composition; chemical waste; chromatograms; detection; discharge; ecology; ecosystems; effluents; experimental studies; Five Mile Creek; industrial waste; Jefferson County Alabama; organic compounds; organic materials; pollutants; pollution; quantitative analysis; sediments; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground penetrating radar for the detection of liquid contaminants AN - 52824315; 1996-049473 AB - The significance of ground penetrating radar (GPR) as a tool to detect near-surface contaminants is illustrated at a site in the Midwest representing petroleum product above the water table. Tests show that ground penetrating radar may provide a means of mapping hydrocarbons in the vadose zone. Results of controlled surveys in a sand test pit at The Ohio State University demonstrate conclusively that there is a clear GPR anomaly over containers of diesel fuel and containers containing the host sand material saturated with diesel fuel. Comparisons of GPR data measured at different times of the year (summer, fall, and winter) at a gasoline spill site in northern Indiana shows direct information on layers and lenses in the vadose zone that tend to accumulate water during times of high moisture and subsequently lose the moisture during dry periods. GPR data collected in the winter over partially frozen ground provided measurements that were more sensitive to the presence of the gasoline than measurements that were made during the summer and fall. The relative propagation transparency of the near-surface zone for GPR measurements from winter data over fozen ground allowed detection of the water table that could not be confidently identified from two of the other data sets. Four important points can be concluded from a comparison of the four data sets: (1) the quality and repeatability of GPR measurements over a clean sand depends on the amount of moisture located in the unsaturated zone above the water table; (2) reflections from sedimentary features can be distinguished from reflections from percolating groundwater; (3) GPR measurements made during the dry month of August are nearly devoid of reflections above the gasoline product, indicating that the water in the unsaturated region may have been displaced by liquid gasoline, or by gasoline vapors; and (4) most importantly, these tests illustrate the resolving power and sensitivity of ground penetrating radar. JF - Journal of Applied Geophysics AU - Daniels, Jeffrey J AU - Roberts, Roger AU - Vendl, Mark A2 - Owen, T. E. Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 195 EP - 207 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 33 IS - 1-3 SN - 0926-9851, 0926-9851 KW - soils KW - ground-penetrating radar KW - geophysical methods KW - unsaturated zone KW - radar methods KW - pollution KW - light nonaqueous phase liquids KW - petroleum products KW - dielectric constant KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - shallow depth KW - physical properties KW - electromagnetic methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52824315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Geophysics&rft.atitle=Ground+penetrating+radar+for+the+detection+of+liquid+contaminants&rft.au=Daniels%2C+Jeffrey+J%3BRoberts%2C+Roger%3BVendl%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Daniels&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Geophysics&rft.issn=09269851&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/09269851 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dielectric constant; electromagnetic methods; geophysical methods; ground-penetrating radar; light nonaqueous phase liquids; nonaqueous phase liquids; petroleum products; physical properties; pollution; radar methods; shallow depth; soils; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - How the United States develops drinking water standards AN - 52818318; 1996-054086 JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Cook, Peter L A2 - Reichard, Eric G. A2 - Zapponi, Giovanni A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 299 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences, [Louvain] VL - 233 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - United States KW - safety KW - pollutants KW - water treatment KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52818318?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=How+the+United+States+develops+drinking+water+standards&rft.au=Cook%2C+Peter+L&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=233&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=0947571698&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on Assessing and managing health risks from drinking water contamination; approaches and applications N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water; ground water; pollutants; pollution; regulations; safety; United States; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ensuring drilling water quality through protection of the ground water resource; the Danish approach AN - 52818294; 1996-054085 JF - IAHS-AISH Publication AU - Dalstrom, Kim M AU - Asp-Fuglsang, Inger AU - Bro-Rasmussen, Fin A2 - Reichard, Eric G. A2 - Zapponi, Giovanni A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 297 EP - 298 PB - International Association of Hydrological Sciences, [Louvain] VL - 233 SN - 0144-7815, 0144-7815 KW - wells KW - protection KW - water quality KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Scandinavia KW - filtration KW - water treatment KW - industrial waste KW - Denmark KW - waste disposal KW - pesticides KW - nitrate ion KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52818294?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.atitle=Ensuring+drilling+water+quality+through+protection+of+the+ground+water+resource%3B+the+Danish+approach&rft.au=Dalstrom%2C+Kim+M%3BAsp-Fuglsang%2C+Inger%3BBro-Rasmussen%2C+Fin&rft.aulast=Dalstrom&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=233&rft.issue=&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=0947571698&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IAHS-AISH+Publication&rft.issn=01447815&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on Assessing and managing health risks from drinking water contamination; approaches and applications N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - PIHSD9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Denmark; drinking water; Europe; filtration; ground water; industrial waste; nitrate ion; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; protection; regulations; remediation; Scandinavia; waste disposal; water quality; water resources; water treatment; water wells; wells; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - River salination due to dryland agriculture in the western Cape Province, Republic of South Africa AN - 52810156; 1996-074211 JF - Environment International AU - Fluegel, Wolfgang-Albert A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 679 EP - 686 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - salt-water intrusion KW - surface water KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - salinity KW - weathering KW - ground water KW - Berg River KW - Southern Africa KW - movement KW - Africa KW - South Africa KW - leaching KW - Cape Province South Africa KW - Cape Province region KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52810156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=River+salination+due+to+dryland+agriculture+in+the+western+Cape+Province%2C+Republic+of+South+Africa&rft.au=Fluegel%2C+Wolfgang-Albert&rft.aulast=Fluegel&rft.aufirst=Wolfgang-Albert&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; agriculture; Berg River; Cape Province region; Cape Province South Africa; ground water; leaching; movement; pollution; salinity; salt-water intrusion; South Africa; Southern Africa; surface water; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A geostatistical study of soil data from an irrigated vineyard near Waikerie, South Australia AN - 52809435; 1996-074214 JF - Environment International AU - Brooker, P I AU - Winchester, J P AU - Adams, A C Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 699 EP - 704 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - soils KW - Australasia KW - variance analysis KW - viticulture KW - statistical analysis KW - kriging KW - agriculture KW - geostatistics KW - semivariograms KW - irrigation KW - case studies KW - Australia KW - South Australia KW - Waikerie Australia KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52809435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=A+geostatistical+study+of+soil+data+from+an+irrigated+vineyard+near+Waikerie%2C+South+Australia&rft.au=Brooker%2C+P+I%3BWinchester%2C+J+P%3BAdams%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Brooker&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=699&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; Australasia; Australia; case studies; geostatistics; irrigation; kriging; semivariograms; soils; South Australia; statistical analysis; variance analysis; viticulture; Waikerie Australia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of one-dimensional multispecies transport experiments in laboratory soil columns AN - 52809405; 1996-074212 JF - Environment International AU - Bajracharya, K AU - Barry, D A A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 687 EP - 691 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - calcium KW - alkaline earth metals KW - magnesium KW - experimental studies KW - soil profiles KW - cation exchange capacity KW - steady flow KW - one-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - snow-plow effect KW - laboratory studies KW - metals KW - ion exchange KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52809405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+one-dimensional+multispecies+transport+experiments+in+laboratory+soil+columns&rft.au=Bajracharya%2C+K%3BBarry%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Bajracharya&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=687&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; calcium; cation exchange capacity; experimental studies; ion exchange; laboratory studies; magnesium; metals; numerical analysis; one-dimensional models; snow-plow effect; soil profiles; soils; solute transport; steady flow ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calibration of transmissivity in a confined aquifer via nonlinear least squares AN - 52808604; 1996-074217 JF - Environment International AU - Dietrich, C R AU - Braddock, R A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 717 EP - 721 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - transmissivity KW - movement KW - confined aquifers KW - statistical analysis KW - mathematical models KW - calibration KW - least-squares analysis KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52808604?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Calibration+of+transmissivity+in+a+confined+aquifer+via+nonlinear+least+squares&rft.au=Dietrich%2C+C+R%3BBraddock%2C+R&rft.aulast=Dietrich&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=717&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; calibration; confined aquifers; ground water; least-squares analysis; mathematical models; movement; statistical analysis; transmissivity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - International congress on modelling and simulation AN - 52808570; 1996-074210 JF - Environment International A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 475 EP - 758 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - water quality KW - symposia KW - mathematical models KW - water resources KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52808570?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=International+congress+on+modelling+and+simulation&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=475&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models; symposia; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Constrained identification of the aggregated mixing zone model of solute transport in soil AN - 52807055; 1996-074219 JF - Environment International AU - Bidwell, V J A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 731 EP - 736 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - mathematical methods KW - theoretical models KW - soil aggregates KW - algorithms KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52807055?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Constrained+identification+of+the+aggregated+mixing+zone+model+of+solute+transport+in+soil&rft.au=Bidwell%2C+V+J&rft.aulast=Bidwell&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; mathematical methods; soil aggregates; soils; solute transport; theoretical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling water flow in cropped soils; water uptake by plant roots AN - 52807021; 1996-074215 JF - Environment International AU - Janz, T C AU - Stonier, R J A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 705 EP - 709 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - soils KW - evaporation KW - Richards equation KW - infiltration KW - Darcy's law KW - water yield KW - movement KW - unsaturated zone KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52807021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Modeling+water+flow+in+cropped+soils%3B+water+uptake+by+plant+roots&rft.au=Janz%2C+T+C%3BStonier%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Janz&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=705&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Darcy's law; evaporation; ground water; infiltration; movement; Richards equation; soils; unsaturated zone; water yield ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Retained water in soil based on probabilistic pore structure AN - 52804819; 1996-074216 JF - Environment International AU - Nakao, T AU - Fujita, M AU - Nishimura, T AU - Kudo, M A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 711 EP - 716 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - soils KW - Darcy's law KW - movement KW - surface water KW - retention KW - unsaturated zone KW - theoretical models KW - water regimes KW - equations KW - pore water KW - particles KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52804819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Retained+water+in+soil+based+on+probabilistic+pore+structure&rft.au=Nakao%2C+T%3BFujita%2C+M%3BNishimura%2C+T%3BKudo%2C+M&rft.aulast=Nakao&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=711&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Darcy's law; equations; movement; particles; pore water; retention; soils; surface water; theoretical models; unsaturated zone; water regimes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The practicability of using Richards' equation for general purpose soil-water dynamics models AN - 52803846; 1996-074218 JF - Environment International AU - Short, David AU - Dawes, Warrick R AU - White, Ian A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 723 EP - 730 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - soils KW - numerical models KW - Richards equation KW - one-dimensional models KW - movement KW - surface water KW - water regimes KW - equations KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52803846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=The+practicability+of+using+Richards%27+equation+for+general+purpose+soil-water+dynamics+models&rft.au=Short%2C+David%3BDawes%2C+Warrick+R%3BWhite%2C+Ian&rft.aulast=Short&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - equations; ground water; movement; numerical models; one-dimensional models; Richards equation; soils; surface water; water regimes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of the Rothamsted carbon turnover model to soils in degraded semi-arid land in New Zealand AN - 52803792; 1996-074213 JF - Environment International AU - Parshotam, A AU - Hewitt, A E A2 - Post, David A2 - Beer, Tom Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 693 EP - 697 PB - Pergamon, New York-Oxford VL - 21 IS - 5 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - organic compounds KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - Australasia KW - carbon KW - semi-arid environment KW - Rothamsted model KW - organic carbon KW - New Zealand KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52803792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Application+of+the+Rothamsted+carbon+turnover+model+to+soils+in+degraded+semi-arid+land+in+New+Zealand&rft.au=Parshotam%2C+A%3BHewitt%2C+A+E&rft.aulast=Parshotam&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=693&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01604120 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International congress on modelling and simulation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Australasia; carbon; degradation; New Zealand; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; Rothamsted model; semi-arid environment; soils; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial utilization of vadose zone organic carbon for reductive declorination of tetrachloroethene AN - 52780166; 1996-080183 JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering AU - Lyon, William G AU - West, Candida C AU - Osborn, Michelle L AU - Sewell, Guy W Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1627 EP - 1639 PB - Marcel Dekker, New York, NY VL - 30 IS - 7 SN - 0360-1226, 0360-1226 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - landfills KW - unsaturated zone KW - techniques KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - saturated zone KW - decontamination KW - carbon KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - organic carbon KW - northwestern Michigan KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - Spodosols KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - Oklahoma KW - hydrocarbons KW - podzolization KW - trichloroethylene KW - Michigan KW - waste disposal KW - transformations KW - Podzols KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52780166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering&rft.atitle=Microbial+utilization+of+vadose+zone+organic+carbon+for+reductive+declorination+of+tetrachloroethene&rft.au=Lyon%2C+William+G%3BWest%2C+Candida+C%3BOsborn%2C+Michelle+L%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W&rft.aulast=Lyon&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1627&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering&rft.issn=03601226&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JESEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; carbon; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; landfills; leaking underground storage tanks; Michigan; microorganisms; northwestern Michigan; Oklahoma; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; podzolization; Podzols; pollutants; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; soil treatment; soils; Spodosols; techniques; tetrachloroethylene; transformations; trichloroethylene; United States; unsaturated zone; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of groundwater impact due to migration of contaminants from vadose zone AN - 52766901; 1997-004524 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Navayogarajah, N AU - Smith, Lawrence D AU - Cooper, Craig F AU - Parsons, Jim AU - Bicber, Dave AU - Kretsinger, Vicki AU - Garcia, Susan Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 60 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 38, Program SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - models KW - migration KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - evaluation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52766901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+groundwater+impact+due+to+migration+of+contaminants+from+vadose+zone&rft.au=Navayogarajah%2C+N%3BSmith%2C+Lawrence+D%3BCooper%2C+Craig+F%3BParsons%2C+Jim%3BBicber%2C+Dave%3BKretsinger%2C+Vicki%3BGarcia%2C+Susan&rft.aulast=Navayogarajah&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=38%2C+Program&rft.issue=&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists and Groundwater Resources Association of California 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - evaluation; ground water; migration; models; pollutants; pollution; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling watershed water quality AN - 52759399; 1997-016068 JF - Water Science and Technology Library AU - Donigian, A S AU - Imhoff, J C AU - Ambrose, R B, Jr A2 - Singh, Vijay P. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 377 EP - 421 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 15 SN - 0921-092X, 0921-092X KW - water quality KW - data acquisition KW - data processing KW - watersheds KW - regression KW - nonpoint sources KW - urban environment KW - ground water KW - basin management KW - algorithms KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - preventive measures KW - models KW - sea-level changes KW - runoff KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52759399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.atitle=Modeling+watershed+water+quality&rft.au=Donigian%2C+A+S%3BImhoff%2C+J+C%3BAmbrose%2C+R+B%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Donigian&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=079233549X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.issn=0921092X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 75 N1 - Document feature - 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algorithms; basin management; data acquisition; data processing; decision-making; ground water; hydrology; models; monitoring; nonpoint sources; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; regression; risk assessment; runoff; sea-level changes; soils; statistical analysis; surface water; urban environment; water quality; water resources; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wood preserving waste-contaminated soil; treatment and toxicity response AN - 52724843; 1997-035845 JF - Bioremediation AU - Huling, Scott G AU - Pope, Daniel F AU - Matthews, John E AU - Sims, Judith L AU - Sims, Ronald C AU - Sorenson, Darwin L A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Anderson, Daniel B. A2 - Hoeppel, Ronald E. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 101 EP - 109 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 7 KW - United States KW - Libby Montana KW - creosote KW - chlorophenols KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - Lincoln County Montana KW - pyrene KW - toxicity KW - decontamination KW - agrochemicals KW - soils KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - pentachlorophenol KW - bioremediation KW - Montana KW - organic compounds KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52724843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Wood+preserving+waste-contaminated+soil%3B+treatment+and+toxicity+response&rft.au=Huling%2C+Scott+G%3BPope%2C+Daniel+F%3BMatthews%2C+John+E%3BSims%2C+Judith+L%3BSims%2C+Ronald+C%3BSorenson%2C+Darwin+L&rft.aulast=Huling&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=157477008X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; chemical waste; chlorophenols; concentration; creosote; decontamination; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; Libby Montana; Lincoln County Montana; monitoring; Montana; organic compounds; pentachlorophenol; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pyrene; remediation; soil treatment; soils; toxic materials; toxicity; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Co-contaminated sites; biodegradation of fossil fuels in the presence of PCBs AN - 52723969; 1997-035847 JF - Bioremediation AU - Morris, Pamela J AU - Shelton, Michael E AU - Chapman, Peter J A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Anderson, Daniel B. A2 - Hoeppel, Ronald E. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 123 EP - 130 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 7 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - creosote KW - PCBs KW - gas chromatograms KW - chemical waste KW - Berkshire County Massachusetts KW - Massachusetts KW - carbon KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - aroclor KW - Pittsfield Massachusetts KW - organic carbon KW - organic materials KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52723969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Co-contaminated+sites%3B+biodegradation+of+fossil+fuels+in+the+presence+of+PCBs&rft.au=Morris%2C+Pamela+J%3BShelton%2C+Michael+E%3BChapman%2C+Peter+J&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Pamela&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=157477008X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aroclor; bacteria; Berkshire County Massachusetts; biodegradation; carbon; case studies; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; creosote; degradation; gas chromatograms; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; Massachusetts; monitoring; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; PCBs; petroleum products; Pittsfield Massachusetts; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; thallophytes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic bioremediation of DDT-contaminated soil with nonionic surfactant AN - 52723757; 1997-035848 JF - Bioremediation AU - You, Guangrong AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Kupferle, Margaret J AU - Bishop, Paul L A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Anderson, Daniel B. A2 - Hoeppel, Ronald E. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 137 EP - 144 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 7 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - insecticides KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - agrochemicals KW - surfactants KW - DDT KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - transformations KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52723757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+bioremediation+of+DDT-contaminated+soil+with+nonionic+surfactant&rft.au=You%2C+Guangrong%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BKupferle%2C+Margaret+J%3BBishop%2C+Paul+L&rft.aulast=You&rft.aufirst=Guangrong&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+7&rft.issue=&rft.spage=137&rft.isbn=157477008X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; bioremediation; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; DDT; degradation; halogenated hydrocarbons; insecticides; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soils; surfactants; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial activity in subsurface samples before and during nitrate-enhanced bioremediation AN - 52719470; 1997-035874 JF - Bioremediation AU - Thomas, J Michele AU - Gordy, Virginia R AU - Bruce, Cristin L AU - Hutchins, Stephen R AU - Sinclair, James L AU - Ward, C Herb A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Brockman, Fred J. A2 - Vogel, Catherine M. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 271 EP - 280 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 8 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - Okaloosa County Florida KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - jet fuel KW - denitrification KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - military facilities KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52719470?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Microbial+activity+in+subsurface+samples+before+and+during+nitrate-enhanced+bioremediation&rft.au=Thomas%2C+J+Michele%3BGordy%2C+Virginia+R%3BBruce%2C+Cristin+L%3BHutchins%2C+Stephen+R%3BSinclair%2C+James+L%3BWard%2C+C+Herb&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=271&rft.isbn=1574770098&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; denitrification; Eglin Air Force Base; Florida; hydrocarbons; jet fuel; microorganisms; military facilities; Okaloosa County Florida; organic compounds; petroleum products; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; thallophytes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temperature effects on propylene glycol-contaminated soil cores AN - 52718881; 1997-035878 JF - Bioremediation AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J AU - Vesper, Stephen J A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Brockman, Fred J. A2 - Vogel, Catherine M. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 329 EP - 333 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 8 KW - thallophytes KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - propylene glycol KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - pollution KW - effects KW - bioremediation KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - controls KW - bacteria KW - pH KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52718881?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Temperature+effects+on+propylene+glycol-contaminated+soil+cores&rft.au=Davis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J%3BVesper%2C+Stephen+J&rft.aulast=Davis-Hoover&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=1574770098&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; controls; effects; microorganisms; moisture; pH; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; propylene glycol; remediation; soils; temperature; thallophytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Petroleum hydrocarbon biodegradation under mixed denitrifying/microaerophilic conditions AN - 52717415; 1997-035871 JF - Bioremediation AU - Miller, Dennis E AU - Hutchins, Stephen R A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Brockman, Fred J. A2 - Vogel, Catherine M. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 129 EP - 136 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 8 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - oxygen KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - ethylbenzene KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - denitrification KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - nitrate ion KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52717415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Petroleum+hydrocarbon+biodegradation+under+mixed+denitrifying%2Fmicroaerophilic+conditions&rft.au=Miller%2C+Dennis+E%3BHutchins%2C+Stephen+R&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=1574770098&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; decontamination; denitrification; ethylbenzene; ground water; hydrocarbons; nitrate ion; organic compounds; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; toluene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate-based bioremediation of JP-4 jet fuel; pilot-scale demonstration AN - 52716513; 1997-037382 JF - Bioremediation AU - Hutchins, Stephen R AU - Miller, Dennis E AU - Beck, Frank P AU - Thomas, Alison AU - Williams, Stephen E AU - Willis, Guy D A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Kittel, Jeffrey A. A2 - Reisinger, H. James Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 123 EP - 131 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 6 KW - wells KW - United States KW - Okaloosa County Florida KW - contaminant plumes KW - toluene KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - decontamination KW - denitrification KW - tracers KW - nitrate ion KW - mobility KW - lysimeters KW - soils KW - leaking underground storage tanks KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - organic compounds KW - infiltration KW - hydrocarbons KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - water wells KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52716513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Nitrate-based+bioremediation+of+JP-4+jet+fuel%3B+pilot-scale+demonstration&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+Stephen+R%3BMiller%2C+Dennis+E%3BBeck%2C+Frank+P%3BThomas%2C+Alison%3BWilliams%2C+Stephen+E%3BWillis%2C+Guy+D&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=1574770071&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international In situ and on-site bioreclamation symposia N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; concentration; contaminant plumes; decontamination; denitrification; Eglin Air Force Base; Florida; hydrocarbons; in situ; infiltration; leaking underground storage tanks; lysimeters; mobility; monitoring; nitrate ion; Okaloosa County Florida; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil treatment; soils; toluene; tracers; United States; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selection of methylotrophs for TCE degradation in an electroosmotic environment AN - 52715688; 1997-039855 JF - Bioremediation AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Roulier, M H AU - Al-Abed, Souhail R AU - Patnaik, Priyamvada AU - Murdoch, Lawrence C AU - Vane, Leland M AU - Herrmann, Jonathan G AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Leeson, Andrea A2 - Semprini, Lewis Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 273 EP - 280 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 4 KW - United States KW - soils KW - osmosis KW - electro-osmosis KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - drawdown KW - Yellowstone National Park KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52715688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Selection+of+methylotrophs+for+TCE+degradation+in+an+electroosmotic+environment&rft.au=Vesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BRoulier%2C+M+H%3BAl-Abed%2C+Souhail+R%3BPatnaik%2C+Priyamvada%3BMurdoch%2C+Lawrence+C%3BVane%2C+Leland+M%3BHerrmann%2C+Jonathan+G%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J&rft.aulast=Vesper&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=1574770055&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international In situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; degradation; drawdown; electro-osmosis; halogenated hydrocarbons; models; organic compounds; osmosis; pH; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; trichloroethylene; United States; Yellowstone National Park ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCE treatment in saturated soil columns; methanogens in sequence with methanotrophs AN - 52715373; 1997-039847 JF - Bioremediation AU - Fogel, Sam AU - Lewis, Ronald AU - Groher, Daniel AU - Findlay, Margaret A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Leeson, Andrea A2 - Semprini, Lewis Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 153 EP - 160 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 4 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - methane KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - saturated materials KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - methanol KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - alcohols KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - biology KW - electrons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52715373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=PCE+treatment+in+saturated+soil+columns%3B+methanogens+in+sequence+with+methanotrophs&rft.au=Fogel%2C+Sam%3BLewis%2C+Ronald%3BGroher%2C+Daniel%3BFindlay%2C+Margaret&rft.aulast=Fogel&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=1574770055&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international In situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; biology; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; degradation; electrons; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; methane; methanol; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; saturated materials; soils; tetrachloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surfactant use with nitrate-based bioremediation AN - 52714936; 1997-035867 JF - Bioremediation AU - Wilson, Barbara H AU - Hutchins, Stephen R AU - West, Candida C A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Brockman, Fred J. A2 - Vogel, Catherine M. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 25 EP - 31 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 8 KW - biodegradation KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - bioremediation KW - trimethylbenzene KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - ethylbenzene KW - organic compounds KW - denitrification KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - nitrate ion KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52714936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Surfactant+use+with+nitrate-based+bioremediation&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Barbara+H%3BHutchins%2C+Stephen+R%3BWest%2C+Candida+C&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+8&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=1574770098&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; denitrification; ethylbenzene; ground water; hydrocarbons; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; surfactants; toluene; trimethylbenzene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field bioremediation study; spilled crude oil on Fowler Beach, Delaware AN - 52714788; 1997-039821 JF - Bioremediation AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Haines, John R AU - Wrenn, Brian A AU - Strohmeier, Kevin L AU - Eberhart, B Loye AU - Kadkhodayan, Miryam AU - Holder, Edith AU - King, Dennis AU - Anderson, Benjamin A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Fredrickson, Jim A2 - Alleman, Bruce C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 49 EP - 56 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - Delaware KW - degradation KW - Fowler Beach Delaware KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - oil spills KW - crude oil KW - Delaware Bay KW - heterogeneity KW - microorganisms KW - field studies KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52714788?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Field+bioremediation+study%3B+spilled+crude+oil+on+Fowler+Beach%2C+Delaware&rft.au=Venosa%2C+Albert+D%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BHaines%2C+John+R%3BWrenn%2C+Brian+A%3BStrohmeier%2C+Kevin+L%3BEberhart%2C+B+Loye%3BKadkhodayan%2C+Miryam%3BHolder%2C+Edith%3BKing%2C+Dennis%3BAnderson%2C+Benjamin&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=49&rft.isbn=1574770047&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international In situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; bioremediation; crude oil; degradation; Delaware; Delaware Bay; field studies; Fowler Beach Delaware; heterogeneity; microorganisms; oil spills; pollution; remediation; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic in situ anaerobic biodegradation of chlorinated solvents at an industrial landfill AN - 52699431; 1997-051267 JF - Bioremediation AU - Lee, Michael D AU - Mazierski, Paul F AU - Buchanan, Ronald J, Jr AU - Ellis, David E AU - Sehayek, Lily S A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 205 EP - 222 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - landfills KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ethane KW - ground water KW - ethylene KW - solvents KW - chemical reactions KW - Niagara Falls KW - alkenes KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - reduction KW - North America KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - Niagara County New York KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - models KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - DuPont Necco Park Landfill KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - waste disposal KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52699431?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+in+situ+anaerobic+biodegradation+of+chlorinated+solvents+at+an+industrial+landfill&rft.au=Lee%2C+Michael+D%3BMazierski%2C+Paul+F%3BBuchanan%2C+Ronald+J%2C+Jr%3BEllis%2C+David+E%3BSehayek%2C+Lily+S&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; alkenes; anaerobic environment; biodegradation; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; DuPont Necco Park Landfill; ethane; ethylene; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; industrial waste; landfills; microorganisms; models; monitoring; New York; Niagara County New York; Niagara Falls; North America; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; reduction; solvents; United States; volatiles; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic bioremediation of jet fuel contamination at George Air Force Base AN - 52699401; 1997-051254 JF - Bioremediation AU - Wilson, John T AU - Sewell, Guy W AU - Caron, Denise AU - Doyle, Greg AU - Miller, Ross N A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 91 EP - 100 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - California KW - time factor KW - San Bernardino County California KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - rates KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - porosity KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - dilution KW - residence time KW - hydrocarbons KW - George Air Force Base KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52699401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+bioremediation+of+jet+fuel+contamination+at+George+Air+Force+Base&rft.au=Wilson%2C+John+T%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W%3BCaron%2C+Denise%3BDoyle%2C+Greg%3BMiller%2C+Ross+N&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=91&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; California; chemical dispersion; concentration; dilution; George Air Force Base; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; in situ; measurement; military facilities; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; porosity; rates; remediation; residence time; San Bernardino County California; solute transport; time factor; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced aerobic bioremediation of residual hydrocarbon sources AN - 52699373; 1997-051251 JF - Bioremediation AU - McAllister, Paul M AU - Chiang, Chen Yu AU - Salanitro, Joseph P AU - Dortch, Ira J AU - Williams, Patty A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 67 EP - 75 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - equilibrium KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52699373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Enhanced+aerobic+bioremediation+of+residual+hydrocarbon+sources&rft.au=McAllister%2C+Paul+M%3BChiang%2C+Chen+Yu%3BSalanitro%2C+Joseph+P%3BDortch%2C+Ira+J%3BWilliams%2C+Patty&rft.aulast=McAllister&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; concentration; equilibrium; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; nitrogen; organic compounds; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; solute transport; toluene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic bioattenuation for subsurface restoration AN - 52699333; 1997-051247 JF - Bioremediation AU - Rifai, Hanadi S AU - Borden, Robert C AU - Wilson, John T AU - Ward, C Herb A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 29 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - thallophytes KW - solute transport KW - sorption KW - Saint Joseph County Michigan KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - Rocky Point KW - solvents KW - chemical reactions KW - denitrification KW - reduction KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - sulfates KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - advection KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - North Carolina KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - shallow aquifers KW - risk assessment KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52699333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+bioattenuation+for+subsurface+restoration&rft.au=Rifai%2C+Hanadi+S%3BBorden%2C+Robert+C%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BWard%2C+C+Herb&rft.aulast=Rifai&rft.aufirst=Hanadi&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 70 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; case studies; chemical dispersion; chemical reactions; concentration; denitrification; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; monitoring; North Carolina; organic compounds; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; risk assessment; Rocky Point; Saint Joseph County Michigan; shallow aquifers; solute transport; solvents; sorption; sulfates; surface water; thallophytes; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic dechlorination of trichloroethene to ethene in a bedrock aquifer AN - 52698447; 1997-051266 JF - Bioremediation AU - Major, David W AU - Cox, Evan AU - Edwards, Elizabeth AU - Hare, Paul A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 197 EP - 203 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - acetone KW - oxygen KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ground water KW - ethylene KW - solvents KW - chemical reactions KW - alkenes KW - alcohols KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - soils KW - bedrock KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - methanol KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - microorganisms KW - ketones KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+dechlorination+of+trichloroethene+to+ethene+in+a+bedrock+aquifer&rft.au=Major%2C+David+W%3BCox%2C+Evan%3BEdwards%2C+Elizabeth%3BHare%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Major&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=197&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acetone; alcohols; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; aquifers; bedrock; biodegradation; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; ethylene; experimental studies; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; ketones; methanol; microorganisms; monitoring; New York; organic compounds; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; soils; solute transport; solvents; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of bioremediation of a contaminated wetland AN - 52698397; 1997-051262 JF - Bioremediation AU - Swindoll, C Michael AU - Perkins, Richard E AU - Gannon, John T AU - Holmes, Marty AU - Fisher, George A A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 163 EP - 169 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - concentration KW - Plantae KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - aniline KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - wetlands KW - denitrification KW - bacteria KW - nitrobenzene KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - reduction KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+bioremediation+of+a+contaminated+wetland&rft.au=Swindoll%2C+C+Michael%3BPerkins%2C+Richard+E%3BGannon%2C+John+T%3BHolmes%2C+Marty%3BFisher%2C+George+A&rft.aulast=Swindoll&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aniline; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; benzene; bioremediation; concentration; denitrification; hydrocarbons; microorganisms; nitrobenzene; nutrients; organic compounds; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; sulfates; thallophytes; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation of natural attenuation with multiple electron acceptors AN - 52698361; 1997-051249 JF - Bioremediation AU - Rifai, Hanadi S AU - Newell, Charles J AU - Miller, Ross N AU - Taffinder, Sam AU - Rounsaville, Mark A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 53 EP - 58 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - solute transport KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - sorption KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - simulation KW - remediation KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - aerobic environment KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - anaerobic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Simulation+of+natural+attenuation+with+multiple+electron+acceptors&rft.au=Rifai%2C+Hanadi+S%3BNewell%2C+Charles+J%3BMiller%2C+Ross+N%3BTaffinder%2C+Sam%3BRounsaville%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Rifai&rft.aufirst=Hanadi&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical dispersion; chemical reactions; concentration; ground water; measurement; models; pollutants; pollution; remediation; simulation; solute transport; sorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns of intrinsic bioremediation at two U.S. Air Force bases AN - 52698322; 1997-051248 JF - Bioremediation AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Miller, Ross N AU - Hansen, Jerry E A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 31 EP - 51 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - sorption KW - toluene KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - Summit County Utah KW - spatial distribution KW - chemical reactions KW - Brevard County Florida KW - denitrification KW - reduction KW - soils KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - patterns KW - in situ KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Patrick Air Force Base KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - organic compounds KW - dilution KW - Hill Air Force Base KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - Utah KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698322?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Patterns+of+intrinsic+bioremediation+at+two+U.S.+Air+Force+bases&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BMiller%2C+Ross+N%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; Brevard County Florida; chemical reactions; concentration; denitrification; dilution; Florida; ground water; Hill Air Force Base; hydrocarbons; in situ; military facilities; organic compounds; Patrick Air Force Base; patterns; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; soils; solute transport; sorption; spatial distribution; sulfates; Summit County Utah; toluene; United States; Utah; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of natural hydrocarbon bioremediation at two gas condensate production sites AN - 52698060; 1997-051264 JF - Bioremediation AU - Barker, Gary W AU - Raterman, Kevin T AU - Fisher, J Berton AU - Corgan, John M AU - Trent, Gary L AU - Brown, David R AU - Sublette, Kerry L A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 181 EP - 188 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - natural gas KW - Fort Lupton KW - petroleum KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - Platte River KW - reduction KW - condensates KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - Weld County Colorado KW - rates KW - Denver Basin KW - bioremediation KW - organic compounds KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - Colorado KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698060?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+natural+hydrocarbon+bioremediation+at+two+gas+condensate+production+sites&rft.au=Barker%2C+Gary+W%3BRaterman%2C+Kevin+T%3BFisher%2C+J+Berton%3BCorgan%2C+John+M%3BTrent%2C+Gary+L%3BBrown%2C+David+R%3BSublette%2C+Kerry+L&rft.aulast=Barker&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; bioremediation; Colorado; condensates; Denver Basin; Fort Lupton; ground water; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; microorganisms; monitoring; natural gas; organic compounds; oxidation; petroleum; Platte River; pollutants; pollution; rates; reduction; remediation; soils; sulfates; United States; waste disposal; water quality; Weld County Colorado ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic and accelerated anaerobic biodegradation of perchloroethylene in groundwater AN - 52697792; 1997-051270 JF - Bioremediation AU - Buchanan, Ronald J, Jr AU - Ellis, David E AU - Odom, J Martin AU - Mazierski, Paul F AU - Lee, Michael D A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 245 EP - 252 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - North America KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - Niagara County New York KW - pollution KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - DuPont Niagara Falls Plant KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - solvents KW - chemical reactions KW - Niagara Falls KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697792?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+and+accelerated+anaerobic+biodegradation+of+perchloroethylene+in+groundwater&rft.au=Buchanan%2C+Ronald+J%2C+Jr%3BEllis%2C+David+E%3BOdom%2C+J+Martin%3BMazierski%2C+Paul+F%3BLee%2C+Michael+D&rft.aulast=Buchanan&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; biodegradation; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; DuPont Niagara Falls Plant; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; kinetics; New York; Niagara County New York; Niagara Falls; North America; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; solvents; sulfates; tetrachloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relating BTEX degradation to the biogeochemistry of an anaerobic aquifer AN - 52697763; 1997-051257 JF - Bioremediation AU - Toze, Simon G AU - Power, Terry R AU - Davis, Gregory B A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 117 EP - 125 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - toluene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - reduction KW - Eh KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - sulfates KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - hydrogen sulfide KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - xylene KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697763?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Relating+BTEX+degradation+to+the+biogeochemistry+of+an+anaerobic+aquifer&rft.au=Toze%2C+Simon+G%3BPower%2C+Terry+R%3BDavis%2C+Gregory+B&rft.aulast=Toze&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; concentration; Eh; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrogen sulfide; organic compounds; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; statistical analysis; sulfates; thallophytes; toluene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Taking advantage of natural biodegradation AN - 52697729; 1997-051250 JF - Bioremediation AU - Butler, William A AU - Bartlett, Craig L A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 59 EP - 65 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - volatiles KW - saturated zone KW - organic compounds KW - industrial waste KW - New Jersey KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697729?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Taking+advantage+of+natural+biodegradation&rft.au=Butler%2C+William+A%3BBartlett%2C+Craig+L&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; bioremediation; cost; ground water; in situ; industrial waste; monitoring; New Jersey; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; solute transport; United States; volatiles; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation of coal tar organics in groundwater AN - 52697684; 1997-051263 JF - Bioremediation AU - King, Mark W G AU - Barker, James F AU - Hamilton, Kimberly A A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 171 EP - 179 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - solute transport KW - Simcoe County Ontario KW - organic residues KW - Toronto Ontario KW - ground water KW - spatial distribution KW - sedimentary rocks KW - time factor KW - coal KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - naphthalene KW - pollution KW - Ontario KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - Borden Ontario KW - Eastern Canada KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+of+coal+tar+organics+in+groundwater&rft.au=King%2C+Mark+W+G%3BBarker%2C+James+F%3BHamilton%2C+Kimberly+A&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Mark+W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; Borden Ontario; Canada; coal; Eastern Canada; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; monitoring; naphthalene; Ontario; organic compounds; organic residues; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sedimentary rocks; Simcoe County Ontario; solute transport; spatial distribution; steady-state processes; time factor; Toronto Ontario; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regression techniques and analytical solutions to demonstrate intrinsic bioremediation AN - 52697649; 1997-051256 JF - Bioremediation AU - Buscheck, Timothy E AU - Alcantar, Celia M A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 109 EP - 116 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - methods KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - equations KW - benzene KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - time factor KW - mathematical methods KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - regression analysis KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697649?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Regression+techniques+and+analytical+solutions+to+demonstrate+intrinsic+bioremediation&rft.au=Buscheck%2C+Timothy+E%3BAlcantar%2C+Celia+M&rft.aulast=Buscheck&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; concentration; equations; ground water; hydrocarbons; mathematical methods; methods; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; regression analysis; statistical analysis; time factor; toluene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic BTEX biodegradation in laboratory microcosms and in situ columns AN - 52697462; 1997-051255 JF - Bioremediation AU - Hunt, Melody J AU - Beckman, Michael A AU - Barlaz, Morton A AU - Borden, Robert C A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 101 EP - 107 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - toluene KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - rates KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - measurement KW - organic compounds KW - factors KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - xylene KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+BTEX+biodegradation+in+laboratory+microcosms+and+in+situ+columns&rft.au=Hunt%2C+Melody+J%3BBeckman%2C+Michael+A%3BBarlaz%2C+Morton+A%3BBorden%2C+Robert+C&rft.aulast=Hunt&rft.aufirst=Melody&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; experimental studies; factors; hydrocarbons; in situ; measurement; organic compounds; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; rates; remediation; soils; thallophytes; toluene; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Postremediation bioremediation AN - 52697426; 1997-051252 JF - Bioremediation AU - Brown, Richard A AU - Hicks, Patrick M AU - Hicks, Ronald J AU - Leahy, Maureen C A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 77 EP - 84 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - methods KW - biodegradation KW - sorption KW - monitoring KW - oxygen KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - measurement KW - ground water KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - denitrification KW - hydrocarbons KW - reduction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697426?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Postremediation+bioremediation&rft.au=Brown%2C+Richard+A%3BHicks%2C+Patrick+M%3BHicks%2C+Ronald+J%3BLeahy%2C+Maureen+C&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; bioremediation; denitrification; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; measurement; methods; monitoring; nutrients; organic compounds; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; sorption ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium AN - 52697385; 1997-051246 JF - Bioremediation A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 266 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - symposia KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697385?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Third+international+in+situ+and+on-site+bioreclamation+symposium&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; ground water; pollution; remediation; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic biodegradation of trichloroethene and trichloroethane in a sequential anaerobic-aerobic aquifer AN - 52697254; 1997-051268 JF - Bioremediation AU - Cox, Evan AU - Edwards, Elizabeth AU - Lehmicke, Leo AU - Major, David W A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 223 EP - 231 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - Sacramento County California KW - pollution KW - trichloroethane KW - Sacramento California KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - aerobic environment KW - California KW - spatial distribution KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - trichloroethylene KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+biodegradation+of+trichloroethene+and+trichloroethane+in+a+sequential+anaerobic-aerobic+aquifer&rft.au=Cox%2C+Evan%3BEdwards%2C+Elizabeth%3BLehmicke%2C+Leo%3BMajor%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Evan&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; anaerobic environment; aquifers; biodegradation; California; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Sacramento California; Sacramento County California; solute transport; spatial distribution; trichloroethane; trichloroethylene; United States; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geomicrobial and geochemical redox processes in a landfill-polluted aquifer AN - 52697241; 1997-051259 JF - Bioremediation AU - Ludvigsen, Liselotte AU - Heron, Gorm AU - Albrechtsen, Hans-Jorgen AU - Christensen, Thomas H A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 135 EP - 142 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - landfills KW - Grindsted Denmark KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - Europe KW - iron KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - denitrification KW - Grindsted Landfill KW - Denmark KW - reduction KW - nitrate ion KW - Eh KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - sulfate ion KW - methane KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - waste disposal KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697241?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Geomicrobial+and+geochemical+redox+processes+in+a+landfill-polluted+aquifer&rft.au=Ludvigsen%2C+Liselotte%3BHeron%2C+Gorm%3BAlbrechtsen%2C+Hans-Jorgen%3BChristensen%2C+Thomas+H&rft.aulast=Ludvigsen&rft.aufirst=Liselotte&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; anaerobic environment; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; concentration; denitrification; Denmark; Eh; Europe; ferric iron; Grindsted Denmark; Grindsted Landfill; ground water; hydrocarbons; iron; landfills; measurement; metals; methane; microorganisms; nitrate ion; organic compounds; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; reduction; Scandinavia; sulfate ion; thallophytes; waste disposal; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ bioremediation (natural attenuation) at a gas plant waste site AN - 52697216; 1997-051261 JF - Bioremediation AU - Ginn, Jon S AU - Sims, Ronald C AU - Murarka, Ishwar P A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 153 EP - 162 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - temperature KW - remediation KW - toxicity KW - chemical reactions KW - kinetics KW - soils KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - naphthalene KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - measurement KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=In+situ+bioremediation+%28natural+attenuation%29+at+a+gas+plant+waste+site&rft.au=Ginn%2C+Jon+S%3BSims%2C+Ronald+C%3BMurarka%2C+Ishwar+P&rft.aulast=Ginn&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical reactions; concentration; hydrocarbons; in situ; industrial waste; kinetics; measurement; microorganisms; monitoring; naphthalene; New York; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; soils; solute transport; temperature; toxicity; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation of xenobiotic compounds; anaerobic field injection experiment AN - 52697203; 1997-051258 JF - Bioremediation AU - Rugge, Kirsten AU - Bjerg, Poul L AU - Mosbaek, Hans AU - Christensen, Thomas H A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 127 EP - 133 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - solute transport KW - halides KW - landfills KW - Grindsted Denmark KW - Europe KW - bromides KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - tracers KW - Grindsted Landfill KW - Denmark KW - reduction KW - Eh KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - Western Europe KW - in situ KW - sulfates KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - naphthalene KW - injection KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - measurement KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+of+xenobiotic+compounds%3B+anaerobic+field+injection+experiment&rft.au=Rugge%2C+Kirsten%3BBjerg%2C+Poul+L%3BMosbaek%2C+Hans%3BChristensen%2C+Thomas+H&rft.aulast=Rugge&rft.aufirst=Kirsten&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; bioremediation; bromides; chemical dispersion; chemical reactions; Denmark; Eh; Europe; experimental studies; Grindsted Denmark; Grindsted Landfill; ground water; halides; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; in situ; injection; landfills; measurement; monitoring; naphthalene; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; reduction; remediation; Scandinavia; solute transport; sulfates; tracers; waste disposal; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of "direct" ground water discharge to the Chesapeake Bay (USA) for basin-scale non-point source pollution assessment AN - 52697078; 1997-050942 JF - International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, General Assembly AU - Kraemer, S R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 217 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 21, Week B KW - United States KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Appalachians KW - nonpoint sources KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - Anne Arundel County Maryland KW - Saint Mary's County Maryland KW - drainage basins KW - Maryland KW - discharge KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - North America KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - nitrates KW - nutrients KW - models KW - case studies KW - Prince Georges County Maryland KW - eutrophication KW - Patuxent River KW - Piedmont KW - Calvert County Maryland KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697078?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Union+of+Geodesy+and+Geophysics%2C+General+Assembly&rft.atitle=The+role+of+%22direct%22+ground+water+discharge+to+the+Chesapeake+Bay+%28USA%29+for+basin-scale+non-point+source+pollution+assessment&rft.au=Kraemer%2C+S+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kraemer&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21%2C+Week+B&rft.issue=&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Union+of+Geodesy+and+Geophysics%2C+General+Assembly&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics; XXI general assembly N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - IGABAX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anne Arundel County Maryland; Appalachians; Atlantic Coastal Plain; Calvert County Maryland; case studies; Chesapeake Bay; discharge; drainage basins; eutrophication; ground water; Maryland; models; monitoring; nitrates; nitrogen; nonpoint sources; North America; nutrients; Patuxent River; Piedmont; pollution; Prince Georges County Maryland; Saint Mary's County Maryland; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inferring biodegradation processes for trichloroethene from geochemical data AN - 52697001; 1997-051269 JF - Bioremediation AU - Guest, Peter R AU - Benson, Leigh A AU - Rainsberger, Tony J A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 233 EP - 243 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - trichloroethylene KW - waste disposal KW - Colorado KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52697001?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Inferring+biodegradation+processes+for+trichloroethene+from+geochemical+data&rft.au=Guest%2C+Peter+R%3BBenson%2C+Leigh+A%3BRainsberger%2C+Tony+J&rft.aulast=Guest&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; anaerobic environment; biodegradation; chemical reactions; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Colorado; concentration; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; solute transport; trichloroethylene; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhanced biodegradation of naphthalene in MGP aquifer microcosms AN - 52696976; 1997-051265 JF - Bioremediation AU - Durant, Neal D AU - Jonkers, Constance A A AU - Wilson, Liza P AU - Bouwer, Edward J A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 189 EP - 196 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - naphthalene KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - aerobic environment KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - denitrification KW - bacteria KW - industrial waste KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - waste disposal KW - pH KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52696976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Enhanced+biodegradation+of+naphthalene+in+MGP+aquifer+microcosms&rft.au=Durant%2C+Neal+D%3BJonkers%2C+Constance+A+A%3BWilson%2C+Liza+P%3BBouwer%2C+Edward+J&rft.aulast=Durant&rft.aufirst=Neal&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; biodegradation; chemical reactions; concentration; denitrification; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; industrial waste; microorganisms; naphthalene; nutrients; organic compounds; oxygen; pH; Plantae; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; thallophytes; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluating natural attenuation of petroleum hydrocarbon spills AN - 52696943; 1997-051253 JF - Bioremediation AU - Troy, Marleen A AU - Baker, Katherine H AU - Herson, Diane S A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 85 EP - 90 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - thallophytes KW - soils KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - safety KW - oil spills KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52696943?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Evaluating+natural+attenuation+of+petroleum+hydrocarbon+spills&rft.au=Troy%2C+Marleen+A%3BBaker%2C+Katherine+H%3BHerson%2C+Diane+S&rft.aulast=Troy&rft.aufirst=Marleen&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; concentration; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; monitoring; oil spills; organic compounds; pH; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; remediation; safety; soils; thallophytes; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Redox buffering in shallow aquifers contaminated by leachate AN - 52696856; 1997-051260 JF - Bioremediation AU - Heron, Gorm AU - Bjerg, Poul L AU - Christensen, Thomas H A2 - Hinchee, Robert E. A2 - Wilson, John T. A2 - Downey, Douglas C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 143 EP - 151 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - ammonium KW - oxygen KW - landfills KW - Grindsted Denmark KW - Europe KW - Vejen Landfill KW - iron KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - ferric iron KW - chemical reactions KW - Vejen Denmark KW - Grindsted Landfill KW - Denmark KW - reduction KW - Eh KW - organic materials KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Western Europe KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - organic compounds KW - precipitation KW - metals KW - shallow aquifers KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52696856?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Redox+buffering+in+shallow+aquifers+contaminated+by+leachate&rft.au=Heron%2C+Gorm%3BBjerg%2C+Poul+L%3BChristensen%2C+Thomas+H&rft.aulast=Heron&rft.aufirst=Gorm&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Third international in situ and on-site bioreclamation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium; aquifers; biodegradation; chemical reactions; concentration; Denmark; Eh; Europe; ferric iron; Grindsted Denmark; Grindsted Landfill; ground water; in situ; iron; landfills; metals; organic compounds; organic materials; oxygen; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; reduction; remediation; Scandinavia; shallow aquifers; Vejen Denmark; Vejen Landfill; waste disposal; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Progress in clean-up and technological developments in U.S. Superfund program AN - 52667050; 1997-076475 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Kovalick, W W AU - Kingscott, J A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 29 EP - 38 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - public policy KW - legislation KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - cost KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - decontamination KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52667050?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Progress+in+clean-up+and+technological+developments+in+U.S.+Superfund+program&rft.au=Kovalick%2C+W+W%3BKingscott%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kovalick&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; cost; decision-making; decontamination; ground water; hazardous waste; legislation; monitoring; policy; pollution; public policy; reclamation; regulations; risk assessment; site exploration; soil treatment; soils; Superfund; toxic materials; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quality management during selection of technologies; example site March Air Force Base, USA AN - 52666984; 1997-076458 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Leitzinger, A AU - Argus, R AU - Scola, L AU - Steffens, K AU - Woodland, S A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1561 EP - 1563 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - Riverside County California KW - decision-making KW - remediation KW - California KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - March Air Force Base KW - quality control KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52666984?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Quality+management+during+selection+of+technologies%3B+example+site+March+Air+Force+Base%2C+USA&rft.au=Leitzinger%2C+A%3BArgus%2C+R%3BScola%2C+L%3BSteffens%2C+K%3BWoodland%2C+S&rft.aulast=Leitzinger&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1561&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; decision-making; decontamination; hazardous waste; March Air Force Base; pollutants; pollution; quality control; reclamation; remediation; risk assessment; Riverside County California; site exploration; soils; United States; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Priority setting in Denmark in the future in connection with the expected amendment of the Danish act on contaminated sites AN - 52666913; 1997-076443 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Edelgaard, I A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1507 EP - 1511 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - Western Europe KW - medical geology KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - decontamination KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - Denmark KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52666913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Priority+setting+in+Denmark+in+the+future+in+connection+with+the+expected+amendment+of+the+Danish+act+on+contaminated+sites&rft.au=Edelgaard%2C+I&rft.aulast=Edelgaard&rft.aufirst=I&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1507&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; decontamination; Denmark; Europe; ground water; hazardous waste; human ecology; medical geology; policy; pollutants; pollution; regulations; risk assessment; Scandinavia; soils; surface water; water pollution; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - NATO/CCMS pilot study for the treatment of contaminated land and groundwater AN - 52666347; 1997-076456 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Kovalick, W W, Jr AU - James, S C AU - Bassin, N J A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1553 EP - 1558 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - soils KW - programs KW - toxic materials KW - in situ KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52666347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=NATO%2FCCMS+pilot+study+for+the+treatment+of+contaminated+land+and+groundwater&rft.au=Kovalick%2C+W+W%2C+Jr%3BJames%2C+S+C%3BBassin%2C+N+J&rft.aulast=Kovalick&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1553&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; decontamination; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; programs; regulations; remediation; site exploration; soils; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Innovative soil and groundwater remediation; applications and demonstrations; the site program experience AN - 52666334; 1997-076466 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Rock, S AU - Martin, J A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1597 EP - 1604 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - soils KW - programs KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - reclamation KW - techniques KW - decision-making KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - waste management KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52666334?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Innovative+soil+and+groundwater+remediation%3B+applications+and+demonstrations%3B+the+site+program+experience&rft.au=Rock%2C+S%3BMartin%2C+J&rft.aulast=Rock&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1597&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; decision-making; ground water; programs; reclamation; remediation; site exploration; soils; Superfund; techniques; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - United States/German bilateral agreement on hazardous waste site clean-up projects AN - 52665977; 1997-076067 JF - Soil & Environment AU - Sanning, D AU - Schroeter, K A2 - van den Brink, W. J. A2 - Bosman, R. A2 - Arendt, F. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 61 EP - 74 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 5 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - site exploration KW - soil vapor extraction KW - regulations KW - reclamation KW - Europe KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - decontamination KW - conservation KW - Central Europe KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - spectra KW - soils KW - protection KW - pollutants KW - thermal properties KW - legislation KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - preventive measures KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - planning KW - industrial waste KW - Germany KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52665977?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=United+States%2FGerman+bilateral+agreement+on+hazardous+waste+site+clean-up+projects&rft.au=Sanning%2C+D%3BSchroeter%2C+K&rft.aulast=Sanning&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=0792337980&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+%26+Environment&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth international FZK/TNO conference on Contaminated soil N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Document feature - 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04446 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; bioremediation; case studies; Central Europe; chemical waste; conservation; decontamination; Europe; Germany; ground water; hazardous waste; industrial waste; legislation; planning; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; protection; reclamation; regulations; remediation; site exploration; soil treatment; soil vapor extraction; soils; spectra; thermal properties; ultraviolet spectra; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - MINTEQA2/PRODEFA2; a geochemical speciation model and interactive preprocessor AN - 52643007; 1998-005360 JF - SSSA Special Publication AU - Allison, Jerry D AU - Brown, David S A2 - Loeppert, Richard H. A2 - Schwab, A. Paul A2 - Goldberg, Sabine Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 241 EP - 252 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 42 SN - 1063-2565, 1063-2565 KW - hazardous waste KW - buffers KW - complexing KW - data processing KW - fresh water KW - simulation KW - MINTEQA2/PRODEFA2 KW - ligands KW - brucite KW - chemical reactions KW - aluminum KW - data bases KW - oxides KW - adsorption KW - equilibrium KW - inorganic materials KW - solid phase KW - models KW - computer programs KW - portlandite KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - leaching KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52643007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.atitle=MINTEQA2%2FPRODEFA2%3B+a+geochemical+speciation+model+and+interactive+preprocessor&rft.au=Allison%2C+Jerry+D%3BBrown%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Allison&rft.aufirst=Jerry&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.issn=10632565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on Chemical equilibrium and reaction models N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; aluminum; brucite; buffers; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; complexing; computer programs; data bases; data processing; equilibrium; fresh water; hazardous waste; inorganic materials; leaching; ligands; metals; MINTEQA2/PRODEFA2; models; organic compounds; oxides; portlandite; simulation; solid phase ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salt Lake County Ground Water Recharge Project AN - 52632148; 1997-078519 JF - Proceedings of the ... International Symposium on Artifical Recharge of Ground Water AU - Lasson, Richard O AU - Monheiser, Bill AU - Bay, Richard P A2 - Johnson, A. Ivan A2 - Pyne, R. David G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 71 EP - 80 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 2 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Salt Lake County Utah KW - water management KW - pollution KW - recovery KW - ground water KW - recharge KW - risk assessment KW - economics KW - Utah KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52632148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium+on+Artifical+Recharge+of+Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Salt+Lake+County+Ground+Water+Recharge+Project&rft.au=Lasson%2C+Richard+O%3BMonheiser%2C+Bill%3BBay%2C+Richard+P&rft.aulast=Lasson&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium+on+Artifical+Recharge+of+Ground+Water&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Second international symposium on Artificial recharge of ground water N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04223 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - economics; ground water; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; recharge; recovery; risk assessment; Salt Lake County Utah; United States; Utah; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological indicators of soil acidification for monitoring regional forest health AN - 52506796; 1999-022972 JF - International Conference on Acidic Precipitation. Abstract Book AU - van Remortel, R D AU - Hudson, B D AU - Palmer, C J AU - Alexander, S A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 146 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 5 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - characterization KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - variations KW - ecology KW - Southeastern U.S. KW - geochemistry KW - depletion KW - rain KW - pH KW - soils KW - forests KW - monitoring KW - agriculture KW - Eastern U.S. KW - indicators KW - acid rain KW - organic compounds KW - acidification KW - pore water KW - permeability KW - land use KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52506796?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.atitle=Ecological+indicators+of+soil+acidification+for+monitoring+regional+forest+health&rft.au=van+Remortel%2C+R+D%3BHudson%2C+B+D%3BPalmer%2C+C+J%3BAlexander%2C+S+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=van+Remortel&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=146&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid reign '95; 5th international conference on Acidic deposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04898 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; agriculture; atmospheric precipitation; characterization; degradation; depletion; Eastern U.S.; ecology; environmental analysis; environmental effects; forests; geochemistry; indicators; land use; monitoring; organic compounds; permeability; pH; pore water; rain; soils; Southeastern U.S.; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for treating acid ground water; results and evaluation of longterm tests AN - 52503155; 1999-022993 JF - International Conference on Acidic Precipitation. Abstract Book AU - Bertills, Ulla AU - Sundlof, Bertil AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 239 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 5 KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - environmental analysis KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - water treatment KW - acidification KW - acidic composition KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52503155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.atitle=Methods+for+treating+acid+ground+water%3B+results+and+evaluation+of+longterm+tests&rft.au=Bertills%2C+Ulla%3BSundlof%2C+Bertil%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Bertills&rft.aufirst=Ulla&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid reign '95; 5th international conference on Acidic deposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04898 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidic composition; acidification; chemical reactions; environmental analysis; environmental effects; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; metals; pH; pollution; toxic materials; water pollution; water quality; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater quality in Sweden; country-wide maps of groundwater in shallow Quaternary deposits and in bedrock AN - 52503117; 1999-022992 JF - International Conference on Acidic Precipitation. Abstract Book AU - Thunholm, Bo AU - Johnson, Jacob AU - Aastrup, Mats AU - Bertills, Ulla AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 238 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 5 KW - bedrock KW - water quality KW - concentration KW - Western Europe KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Scandinavia KW - springs KW - acidification KW - shallow aquifers KW - alkalinity KW - chemical composition KW - water wells KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - Sweden KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52503117?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.atitle=Groundwater+quality+in+Sweden%3B+country-wide+maps+of+groundwater+in+shallow+Quaternary+deposits+and+in+bedrock&rft.au=Thunholm%2C+Bo%3BJohnson%2C+Jacob%3BAastrup%2C+Mats%3BBertills%2C+Ulla%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Thunholm&rft.aufirst=Bo&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=238&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid reign '95; 5th international conference on Acidic deposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04898 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; alkalinity; aquifers; bedrock; chemical composition; concentration; Europe; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; pH; pollution; Scandinavia; shallow aquifers; springs; Sweden; water quality; water wells; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Integrated soil analysis; the ISA project AN - 52502592; 1999-022982 JF - International Conference on Acidic Precipitation. Abstract Book AU - Josefsson, Melanie AU - Clemensson-Lindell, Anna AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 152 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 5 KW - fertilizers KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - environmental analysis KW - conservation KW - geochemistry KW - rain KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - programs KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - Integrated Soil Analysis Program KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - biota KW - acid rain KW - Scandinavia KW - biogenic processes KW - deposition KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - land use KW - Sweden KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52502592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.atitle=Integrated+soil+analysis%3B+the+ISA+project&rft.au=Josefsson%2C+Melanie%3BClemensson-Lindell%2C+Anna%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Josefsson&rft.aufirst=Melanie&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=152&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Conference+on+Acidic+Precipitation.+Abstract+Book&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Acid reign '95; 5th international conference on Acidic deposition N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04898 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; atmospheric precipitation; biogenic processes; biota; conservation; deposition; environmental analysis; Europe; fertilizers; geochemistry; heavy metals; Integrated Soil Analysis Program; land use; pesticides; pH; pollutants; pollution; programs; rain; risk assessment; Scandinavia; soil treatment; soils; Sweden; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Olympic Dam-type iron oxide (Cu-U-Au-LREE) deposits AN - 52446166; 1999-058254 JF - Exploration in British Columbia AU - Hitzman, Murray W AU - Smyth, W R Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 185 PB - British Columbia Ministry of Mines and Petroleum Resources, Victoria, BC VL - 1995 SN - 0823-2059, 0823-2059 KW - mineral exploration KW - Wernecke Mountains KW - Olympic Dam-type deposits KW - iron oxides KW - Yukon Territory KW - Northwest Territories KW - uranium ores KW - Canada KW - metals KW - metal ores KW - oxides KW - gold ores KW - copper ores KW - Western Canada KW - rare earths KW - base metals KW - 27A:Economic geology, geology of ore deposits UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52446166?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Exploration+in+British+Columbia&rft.atitle=Olympic+Dam-type+iron+oxide+%28Cu-U-Au-LREE%29+deposits&rft.au=Hitzman%2C+Murray+W%3BSmyth%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Hitzman&rft.aufirst=Murray&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1995&rft.issue=&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Exploration+in+British+Columbia&rft.issn=08232059&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - BC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - base metals; Canada; copper ores; gold ores; iron oxides; metal ores; metals; mineral exploration; Northwest Territories; Olympic Dam-type deposits; oxides; rare earths; uranium ores; Wernecke Mountains; Western Canada; Yukon Territory ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PAH; a model to predict the toxicity of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon mixtures in field-collected sediments AN - 52217585; 2001-049184 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Swartz, Richard C AU - Schultz, Donald W AU - Ozretich, Robert J AU - Lamberson, Janet O AU - Cole, Faith A AU - DeWitt, Theodore H AU - Redmond, Michele S AU - Ferraro, Steven P Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1977 EP - 1987 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 14 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - concentration KW - quantitative structure activity relationships KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - bioavailability KW - QSAR KW - equilibrium KW - models KW - partitioning KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - toxicity KW - marine environment KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - estuarine environment KW - sediment quality KW - pore water KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52217585?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=PAH%3B+a+model+to+predict+the+toxicity+of+polynuclear+aromatic+hydrocarbon+mixtures+in+field-collected+sediments&rft.au=Swartz%2C+Richard+C%3BSchultz%2C+Donald+W%3BOzretich%2C+Robert+J%3BLamberson%2C+Janet+O%3BCole%2C+Faith+A%3BDeWitt%2C+Theodore+H%3BRedmond%2C+Michele+S%3BFerraro%2C+Steven+P&rft.aulast=Swartz&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1977&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioavailability; concentration; detection; ecosystems; equilibrium; estuarine environment; hydrocarbons; marine environment; models; organic compounds; partitioning; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pore water; prediction; QSAR; quantitative structure activity relationships; risk assessment; sediment quality; sediments; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transformation of benzonitriles in anaerobic sediment and in sediment extract AN - 52216655; 2001-049179 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Masunaga, Shigeki AU - Wolfe, N Lee AU - Carriera, Laura Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1827 EP - 1838 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 14 IS - 11 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - soils KW - benzoic acid KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - bioassays KW - benzonitriles KW - enzymes KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - transformations KW - chemical composition KW - proteins KW - aquatic environment KW - hydrophobic materials KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52216655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Transformation+of+benzonitriles+in+anaerobic+sediment+and+in+sediment+extract&rft.au=Masunaga%2C+Shigeki%3BWolfe%2C+N+Lee%3BCarriera%2C+Laura&rft.aulast=Masunaga&rft.aufirst=Shigeki&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1827&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; anaerobic environment; aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzoic acid; benzonitriles; bioassays; chemical composition; chemical reactions; degradation; enzymes; hydrocarbons; hydrolysis; hydrophobic materials; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; proteins; sediments; soils; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Geophysical diffraction tomography; new views on the Shiqmim prehistoric subterranean village site (Israel) AN - 52064820; 2002-065275 JF - Geoarchaeology AU - Witten, Alan J AU - Levy, Thomas E AU - Ursic, James AU - White, Paul Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 97 EP - 118 PB - Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 10 IS - 2 SN - 0883-6353, 0883-6353 KW - tomography KW - geophysical surveys KW - archaeological sites KW - Shiqmim Site KW - surveys KW - Negev KW - Israel KW - Asia KW - Middle East KW - diffraction KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52064820?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geoarchaeology&rft.atitle=Geophysical+diffraction+tomography%3B+new+views+on+the+Shiqmim+prehistoric+subterranean+village+site+%28Israel%29&rft.au=Witten%2C+Alan+J%3BLevy%2C+Thomas+E%3BUrsic%2C+James%3BWhite%2C+Paul&rft.aulast=Witten&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geoarchaeology&rft.issn=08836353&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/36011/home LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - archaeological sites; Asia; diffraction; geophysical surveys; Israel; Middle East; Negev; Shiqmim Site; surveys; tomography ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic hazard assessment from paleoseismological evidence in the Rieti region, central Italy AN - 51715952; 2005-038958 JF - Special Publication - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Michetti, Alessandro M AU - Brunamonte, Fabio AU - Serva, Leonello AU - Whitney, Robert A A2 - Serva, Leonello A2 - Slemmons, D. Burton Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 63 EP - 82 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, Sudbury, MA VL - 6 KW - paleoseismicity KW - Quaternary KW - geologic hazards KW - Central Apennines KW - central Italy KW - Europe KW - extension tectonics KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - models KW - Cenozoic KW - Apennines KW - Pie di Colle KW - seismicity KW - seismic risk KW - Villafranchian KW - Pleistocene KW - risk assessment KW - tectonics KW - Rieti Italy KW - La Casetta Italy KW - earthquakes KW - lower Pleistocene KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51715952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Seismic+hazard+assessment+from+paleoseismological+evidence+in+the+Rieti+region%2C+central+Italy&rft.au=Michetti%2C+Alessandro+M%3BBrunamonte%2C+Fabio%3BServa%2C+Leonello%3BWhitney%2C+Robert+A&rft.aulast=Michetti&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sects., sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03787 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apennines; Cenozoic; Central Apennines; central Italy; earthquakes; Europe; extension tectonics; geologic hazards; Italy; La Casetta Italy; lower Pleistocene; models; paleoseismicity; Pie di Colle; Pleistocene; Quaternary; Rieti Italy; risk assessment; seismic risk; seismicity; Southern Europe; tectonics; Villafranchian ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Paleoseismological evidence in the epicentral area of the January 1968 earthquakes, Belice, southwestern Sicily AN - 51715629; 2005-038962 JF - Special Publication - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Michetti, Alessandro M AU - Brunamonte, Fabio AU - Serva, Leonello A2 - Serva, Leonello A2 - Slemmons, D. Burton Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 127 EP - 139 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, Sudbury, MA VL - 6 KW - Belice River KW - paleoseismicity KW - Europe KW - Italy KW - Southern Europe KW - Sicily Italy KW - neotectonics KW - Belice earthquakes 1968 KW - epicenters KW - tectonics KW - earthquakes KW - seismotectonics KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51715629?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=Paleoseismological+evidence+in+the+epicentral+area+of+the+January+1968+earthquakes%2C+Belice%2C+southwestern+Sicily&rft.au=Michetti%2C+Alessandro+M%3BBrunamonte%2C+Fabio%3BServa%2C+Leonello&rft.aulast=Michetti&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03787 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Belice earthquakes 1968; Belice River; earthquakes; epicenters; Europe; Italy; neotectonics; paleoseismicity; seismotectonics; Sicily Italy; Southern Europe; tectonics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpretation of ground-water and geologic data as part of the investigation of metals loading into Chalk Creek, Mary Murphy Mine site, Chaffee County, Colorado AN - 51634996; 2006-011480 AB - From 1990 to 1994 staff from the US EPA Region VIII Water Management Division, the Colorado Department of Natural Resources-Division of Minerals and Geology, the Colorado School of Mines and the US Bureau of Mines have been conducting field investigations at the Mary Murphy abandoned mine site in Charles County, Colorado. Data collection efforts have included surface geophysical surveys, water quality analyses of ground-water and surface samples, biological analysis, surface water flow velocities and volumes, depth to ground water, analysis of cores, tracer tests and mineralogical analyses (analysis of cores and X-ray diffraction). Data collection efforts have focused on site characterization and sources and pathways for metals loading to Chalk Creek. This paper presents the results of analyses of ground-water data, geologic data and geochemical modelling. Data analyses and geochemical modelling focused on characterizing the metals loading to Chalk Creek via ground-water pathways. Ground-water flow in the vicinity of the Mary Murphy mine occurs in the fractured quartz monzonite that host the veins which contain gold and copper, and the thin valley fill sediments that overlie the bedrock. Concentrations of zinc, cadmium, copper, lead, iron and manganese in ground water samples from wells in Chalk Creek valley often exceed drinking water standards and always exceed aquatic life standards. Analyses of ground-water quality data, mineralogy and modelling results indicate that ground-water which moves downward from Chrysolite Mountain to the Chalk Creek valley is subject to rock-water interactions which result in the discharge of ground water with large concentrations of heavy metals to the Golf Tunnel adit and to Chalk Creek. Ground water transport occurs along distinct hydrologic pathways which are controlled by fracture distribution and connectivity, fault zones, mine workings, topography and magnitude of flow in Chalk Creek. Future remedial schemes considered for the Chalk Creek site will need to accommodate the significant metals loading to Chalk Creek that occurs via ground-water pathways. JF - American Institute of Professional Geologists. Annual Meeting Proceedings AU - Wireman, Mike AU - Anctil, Ralph J A2 - Hoyt, William H. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 133 EP - 134 PB - American Institute of Professional Geologists, Denver, CO VL - 32 KW - United States KW - mines KW - Chrysolite Mountain KW - pollutants KW - Chaffee County Colorado KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Chalk Creek KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - fractures KW - movement KW - Mary Murphy Mine KW - Colorado KW - water pollution KW - heavy metals KW - faults KW - abandoned mines KW - fault zones KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51634996?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Institute+of+Professional+Geologists.+Annual+Meeting+Proceedings&rft.atitle=Interpretation+of+ground-water+and+geologic+data+as+part+of+the+investigation+of+metals+loading+into+Chalk+Creek%2C+Mary+Murphy+Mine+site%2C+Chaffee+County%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Wireman%2C+Mike%3BAnctil%2C+Ralph+J&rft.aulast=Wireman&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Institute+of+Professional+Geologists.+Annual+Meeting+Proceedings&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 32nd annual meeting of the American Institute of Professional Geologists on Prosperity and professional geology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04024 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; Chaffee County Colorado; Chalk Creek; Chrysolite Mountain; Colorado; environmental analysis; fault zones; faults; fractures; ground water; heavy metals; Mary Murphy Mine; mines; movement; pollutants; pollution; surface water; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Precision digital hydroacoustic sediment characterization/analysis in the Trenton Channel of the Detroit River AN - 51571061; 2006-057270 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Caulfield, D D AU - Ostaszewski, A AU - Filkins, J AU - Long, David T AU - Giesy, John P Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 40 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 38 KW - United States KW - North America KW - stream sediments KW - data acquisition KW - surface water KW - rivers and streams KW - pollution KW - Trenton Channel KW - environmental analysis KW - spatial variations KW - Detroit River KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - water pollution KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51571061?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Precision+digital+hydroacoustic+sediment+characterization%2Fanalysis+in+the+Trenton+Channel+of+the+Detroit+River&rft.au=Caulfield%2C+D+D%3BOstaszewski%2C+A%3BFilkins%2C+J%3BLong%2C+David+T%3BGiesy%2C+John+P&rft.aulast=Caulfield&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 38th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data acquisition; Detroit River; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Michigan; North America; pollution; rivers and streams; sediments; spatial variations; stream sediments; surface water; Trenton Channel; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A screening survey of sediment contamination in the Ottawa River, Toledo, Ohio AN - 51568136; 2006-057280 JF - Program and Abstracts of the ... Conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research AU - Smith, V E AU - Rathburn, J E AU - Huelantel, L L AU - Wander, J AU - Long, David T AU - Giesy, John P Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 63 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [location varies] VL - 38 KW - United States KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - Ottawa River KW - organic compounds KW - Toledo Ohio KW - sediments KW - Lucas County Ohio KW - surveys KW - fluvial environment KW - regression analysis KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51568136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=A+screening+survey+of+sediment+contamination+in+the+Ottawa+River%2C+Toledo%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Smith%2C+V+E%3BRathburn%2C+J+E%3BHuelantel%2C+L+L%3BWander%2C+J%3BLong%2C+David+T%3BGiesy%2C+John+P&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Program+and+Abstracts+of+the+...+Conference+of+the+International+Association+for+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 38th conference of the International Association for Great Lakes Research N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #05410 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Lucas County Ohio; Ohio; organic compounds; Ottawa River; pollutants; pollution; regression analysis; sediments; statistical analysis; stream sediments; surveys; Toledo Ohio; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimum spacing of extraction wells AN - 51152335; 2004-005568 JF - Hydrogeology Journal AU - Ahmad, Waqar Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 64 EP - 74 PB - Springer, Berlin Heidelberg VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1431-2174, 1431-2174 KW - computer programs KW - reclamation KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - optimization KW - mathematical models KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - regression analysis KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51152335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.atitle=Optimum+spacing+of+extraction+wells&rft.au=Ahmad%2C+Waqar&rft.aulast=Ahmad&rft.aufirst=Waqar&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrogeology+Journal&rft.issn=14312174&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/content/102028/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2004-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; data processing; ground water; mathematical models; optimization; reclamation; regression analysis; statistical analysis; water resources; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Are erosion control programs reducing sedimentation? AN - 51142805; 2005-004961 JF - Special Report - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Water Resources Center AU - Roseboom, D P AU - Sinclair, R AU - Eicken, Gary AU - Woods, Pat A2 - Wagner, Elizabeth D. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 129 EP - 138 PB - University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Water Resources Center, Urbana, IL SN - 0733-0502, 0733-0502 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Lake Pittsfield KW - western Illinois KW - watersheds KW - nonpoint sources KW - environmental analysis KW - Blue Creek KW - sedimentation rates KW - sediments KW - discharge KW - water pollution KW - lacustrine sedimentation KW - hydrology KW - monitoring KW - reservoirs KW - Illinois KW - sediment transport KW - rainfall KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - erosion control KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51142805?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Report+-+University+of+Illinois+at+Urbana-Champaign%2C+Water+Resources+Center&rft.atitle=Are+erosion+control+programs+reducing+sedimentation%3F&rft.au=Roseboom%2C+D+P%3BSinclair%2C+R%3BEicken%2C+Gary%3BWoods%2C+Pat&rft.aulast=Roseboom&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Report+-+University+of+Illinois+at+Urbana-Champaign%2C+Water+Resources+Center&rft.issn=07330502&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fifth biennial Governor's conference on the Management of the Illinois River system N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Blue Creek; discharge; environmental analysis; erosion control; hydrology; Illinois; lacustrine sedimentation; Lake Pittsfield; monitoring; nonpoint sources; pollutants; pollution; rainfall; reservoirs; sediment transport; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; sediments; surface water; United States; water pollution; water quality; watersheds; western Illinois ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Micro-purge low-flow sampling of uranium-contaminated ground water at the Fernald environmental management project AN - 51058068; 1996-029061 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Shanklin, Dean E AU - Sidle, William C AU - Ferguson, Michelle E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 168 EP - 176 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - techniques KW - radioactive waste KW - ground water KW - Great Miami Aquifer KW - aquifers KW - southwestern Ohio KW - detection KW - transport KW - sampling KW - waste disposal KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51058068?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Micro-purge+low-flow+sampling+of+uranium-contaminated+ground+water+at+the+Fernald+environmental+management+project&rft.au=Shanklin%2C+Dean+E%3BSidle%2C+William+C%3BFerguson%2C+Michelle+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Shanklin&rft.aufirst=Dean&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1st international congress and workshop on ground water problems in Latin America N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; detection; Great Miami Aquifer; ground water; observation wells; Ohio; pollutants; pollution; radioactive waste; sampling; solutes; southwestern Ohio; techniques; transport; United States; waste disposal; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of groundwater impact due to soil contaminants AN - 51029542; 1998-071249 JF - Geotechnical Special Publication AU - Navayogarajah, N AU - Smith, Lawrence D AU - Cooper, Craig F A2 - Acar, Yalcin B. A2 - Daniel, David E. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 285 EP - 299 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, New York, NY VL - 46 SN - 0895-0563, 0895-0563 KW - United States KW - soils KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - data processing KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - evaluation KW - aquifers KW - models KW - Maricopa County Arizona KW - Goodyear Arizona KW - Arizona KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51029542?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotechnical+Special+Publication&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+groundwater+impact+due+to+soil+contaminants&rft.au=Navayogarajah%2C+N%3BSmith%2C+Lawrence+D%3BCooper%2C+Craig+F&rft.aulast=Navayogarajah&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotechnical+Special+Publication&rft.issn=08950563&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geoenvironment 2000; characterization, containment, remediation, and performance in environmental geotechnics N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; Arizona; data processing; environmental effects; evaluation; Goodyear Arizona; ground water; Maricopa County Arizona; mathematical models; models; pollutants; pollution; soils; Superfund; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of effects of chemicals on wetlands AN - 50943803; 1996-080938 JF - SCOPE AU - Queen, William H AU - Stanley, Donald W A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 151 EP - 166 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - soils KW - fertilizers KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - sludge KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - biota KW - ground water KW - bioaccumulation KW - models KW - detection KW - wetlands KW - mass balance KW - infiltration KW - industrial waste KW - risk assessment KW - discharge KW - mobility KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50943803?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+effects+of+chemicals+on+wetlands&rft.au=Queen%2C+William+H%3BStanley%2C+Donald+W&rft.aulast=Queen&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 94 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioaccumulation; biodegradation; biota; chemical waste; detection; discharge; experimental studies; fertilizers; ground water; industrial waste; infiltration; mass balance; mobility; models; monitoring; pollution; risk assessment; sludge; soils; surface water; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large geographic scale environmental monitoring and assessment AN - 50942582; 1996-080937 JF - SCOPE A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 71 EP - 93 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - water use KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - regional planning KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - models KW - geographic information systems KW - natural resources KW - areal studies KW - risk assessment KW - information systems KW - water resources KW - land use KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50942582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Large+geographic+scale+environmental+monitoring+and+assessment&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - areal studies; geographic information systems; information systems; land use; models; monitoring; natural resources; pollutants; pollution; regional planning; remote sensing; risk assessment; soils; statistical analysis; water resources; water use; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to assess the effects of chemicals on forests AN - 50941324; 1996-080939 JF - SCOPE AU - Bonneau, M AU - Fink, S AU - Rennenberg, H A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 167 EP - 205 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - solute transport KW - fertilizers KW - sludge KW - ammonium ion KW - halogens KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - chemical waste KW - vegetation KW - ground water KW - bioaccumulation KW - chloride ion KW - mass balance KW - nitrate ion KW - discharge KW - mobility KW - rain KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - forests KW - chlorine KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - photochemistry KW - damage KW - pollution KW - biota KW - geochemical cycle KW - acid rain KW - models KW - detection KW - infiltration KW - industrial waste KW - acidification KW - risk assessment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50941324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+on+forests&rft.au=Bonneau%2C+M%3BFink%2C+S%3BRennenberg%2C+H&rft.aulast=Bonneau&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 215 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidification; ammonium ion; atmospheric precipitation; bioaccumulation; biodegradation; biota; chemical waste; chloride ion; chlorine; damage; detection; discharge; experimental studies; fertilizers; forests; geochemical cycle; ground water; halogens; heavy metals; industrial waste; infiltration; mass balance; mobility; models; monitoring; nitrate ion; photochemistry; pollution; rain; risk assessment; sludge; soils; solute transport; sulfate ion; surface water; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to assess the effects of chemicals on arid and semi-arid ecosystems AN - 50941247; 1996-080940 JF - SCOPE AU - Mouat, David AU - Banin, Amos AU - Jones, Bruce A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 207 EP - 222 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - imagery KW - terrestrial environment KW - degradation KW - semi-arid environment KW - desertification KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - chemical waste KW - salinity KW - ground water KW - mass balance KW - mobility KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - cation exchange capacity KW - arid environment KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - models KW - detection KW - infiltration KW - industrial waste KW - cations KW - risk assessment KW - remote sensing KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50941247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+on+arid+and+semi-arid+ecosystems&rft.au=Mouat%2C+David%3BBanin%2C+Amos%3BJones%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Mouat&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; atmospheric precipitation; cation exchange capacity; cations; chemical waste; degradation; desertification; detection; experimental studies; ground water; imagery; industrial waste; infiltration; mass balance; mobility; models; monitoring; pollution; remote sensing; risk assessment; salinity; semi-arid environment; soils; solubility; surface water; terrestrial environment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to assess the effects of chemicals on ecosystems AN - 50941110; 1996-080936 JF - SCOPE A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 416 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - soils KW - forests KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - regional planning KW - damage KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - fresh-water environment KW - chemical waste KW - biota KW - ground water KW - wetlands KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50941110?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+on+ecosystems&rft.title=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+on+ecosystems&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual chapters within scope are cited separately; IPCS joint activity, 23; SGOMSEC, 10 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; chemical properties; chemical waste; damage; ecology; ecosystems; forests; fresh-water environment; ground water; industrial waste; monitoring; pollution; regional planning; risk assessment; soils; surface water; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to assess the effects of chemicals in cold climates AN - 50939761; 1996-080942 JF - SCOPE AU - Lockhart, W L AU - Muir, D C G AU - Wagemann, R AU - Brunskill, G AU - Savinova, T A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 259 EP - 289 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - temperature KW - models KW - case studies KW - spatial variations KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - Canada KW - arctic environment KW - residence time KW - glacial environment KW - industrial waste KW - climate effects KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - mobility KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50939761?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+in+cold+climates&rft.au=Lockhart%2C+W+L%3BMuir%2C+D+C+G%3BWagemann%2C+R%3BBrunskill%2C+G%3BSavinova%2C+T&rft.aulast=Lockhart&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=259&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 158 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; arctic environment; Canada; case studies; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; climate effects; detection; glacial environment; halogenated hydrocarbons; industrial waste; mobility; models; monitoring; organic compounds; pollution; residence time; risk assessment; spatial variations; temperature; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods to assess the effects of chemicals on soils AN - 50937721; 1996-080941 JF - SCOPE AU - Verhoef, H A AU - van Gestel, C A M A2 - Linthurst, Rick A. A2 - Bourdeau, Philippe A2 - Tardiff, Robert G. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 223 EP - 257 PB - Wiley & Sons, Chichester VL - 53 SN - 0271-972X, 0271-972X KW - fertilizers KW - sludge KW - chemical waste KW - nitrogen KW - ground water KW - denitrification KW - carbon KW - organic carbon KW - discharge KW - mobility KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - forests KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - fixation KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - phosphorus KW - weathering KW - geochemical cycle KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - biogenic processes KW - detection KW - saturation KW - infiltration KW - runoff KW - industrial waste KW - risk assessment KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50937721?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SCOPE&rft.atitle=Methods+to+assess+the+effects+of+chemicals+on+soils&rft.au=Verhoef%2C+H+A%3Bvan+Gestel%2C+C+A+M&rft.aulast=Verhoef&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=0471959111&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SCOPE&rft.issn=0271972X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 124 N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; biogenic processes; carbon; chemical waste; denitrification; detection; discharge; experimental studies; fertilizers; fixation; forests; geochemical cycle; ground water; industrial waste; infiltration; microorganisms; mobility; models; monitoring; nitrogen; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; phosphorus; Plantae; pollution; risk assessment; runoff; saturation; sludge; soils; surface water; weathering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecoregions of Alaska AN - 50175309; 1996-040058 AB - This publication represents a milestone in the U.S. global change research program on the land characterization of Arctic land processes. The book describes 20 ecological regions and includes a folded, color-coded map that shows them. The map legend summarizes the characteristics of each region and has 41 color photographs of representative sites. The map and accompanying information should prove helpful in making practical decisions concerning land management planning and in determining the availability of natural resources. JF - U. S. Geological Survey Professional Paper AU - Gallant, Alisa L AU - Binnian, Emily F AU - Omernik, James M AU - Shasby, Mark B Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 73 EP - 73, 1 sheet PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 1044-9612, 1044-9612 KW - Scale: 1:5,000,000 KW - Type: colored map KW - United States KW - imagery KW - permafrost KW - glaciation KW - surficial geology KW - global change KW - vegetation KW - photography KW - regional patterns KW - arctic environment KW - ecology KW - USGS KW - color imagery KW - climate KW - soils KW - processes KW - patterns KW - subarctic regions KW - terrains KW - natural resources KW - maps KW - classification KW - Alaska KW - landscapes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50175309?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Gallant%2C+Alisa+L%3BBinnian%2C+Emily+F%3BOmernik%2C+James+M%3BShasby%2C+Mark+B&rft.aulast=Gallant&rft.aufirst=Alisa&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Ecoregions+of+Alaska&rft.title=Ecoregions+of+Alaska&rft.issn=10449612&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/1567/report.pdf http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/browse/usgs-publications/PP LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 72 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - SuppNotes - Includes 3 appendices; Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado State University and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alaska; arctic environment; classification; climate; color imagery; ecology; glaciation; global change; imagery; landscapes; maps; natural resources; patterns; permafrost; photography; processes; regional patterns; soils; subarctic regions; surficial geology; terrains; United States; USGS; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Red slime, oily films, and black rocks; sensing the iron bacteria that make neutral streams look acid AN - 50170846; 1995-019567 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Circular AU - Robbins, Eleanora I AU - Anderson, John E AU - Podwysocki, Melvin H AU - Edenborn, Harry M AU - Eggleston, Jane R AU - Growitz, Douglas AU - Kleinmann, Robert L AU - Norden, Arnold W AU - Passmore, Margaret E AU - Prugh, Byron J, Jr AU - Stanton, Mark R AU - Sweet, Palmer C AU - Vandyke, Timothy M Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 109 EP - 111 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 1067-084X, 1067-084X KW - thallophytes KW - rivers and streams KW - manganese KW - iron KW - absorption KW - USGS KW - pH KW - hydrology KW - Plantae KW - biochemical sedimentation KW - acid mine drainage KW - surface water KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - optical properties KW - detection KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - acidification KW - reflectance KW - fluvial environment KW - remote sensing KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50170846?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.atitle=Red+slime%2C+oily+films%2C+and+black+rocks%3B+sensing+the+iron+bacteria+that+make+neutral+streams+look+acid&rft.au=Robbins%2C+Eleanora+I%3BAnderson%2C+John+E%3BPodwysocki%2C+Melvin+H%3BEdenborn%2C+Harry+M%3BEggleston%2C+Jane+R%3BGrowitz%2C+Douglas%3BKleinmann%2C+Robert+L%3BNorden%2C+Arnold+W%3BPassmore%2C+Margaret+E%3BPrugh%2C+Byron+J%2C+Jr%3BStanton%2C+Mark+R%3BSweet%2C+Palmer+C%3BVandyke%2C+Timothy+M&rft.aulast=Robbins&rft.aufirst=Eleanora&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.issn=1067084X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Tenth V. E. McKelvey forum on mineral and energy resources N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XICIA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - absorption; acid mine drainage; acidification; bacteria; biochemical sedimentation; detection; fluvial environment; hydrocarbons; hydrology; iron; manganese; metals; optical properties; organic compounds; pH; Plantae; pollution; reflectance; remote sensing; rivers and streams; sedimentation; surface water; thallophytes; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Coalbed methane; from hazard to environmental concern and untapped energy resource AN - 50170812; 1995-019547 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Circular AU - Rice, Dudley D AU - Wanty, Richard B AU - Byrer, Charles W AU - Kruger, Dina W Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 72 EP - 74 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 1067-084X, 1067-084X KW - United States KW - petroleum exploration KW - geologic hazards KW - natural gas KW - impact statements KW - petroleum KW - New Mexico KW - Alabama KW - potential deposits KW - energy sources KW - Indiana KW - ecology KW - USGS KW - West Virginia KW - Virginia KW - Illinois KW - Wyoming KW - Oklahoma KW - Kansas KW - environment KW - coalbed methane KW - Kentucky KW - Utah KW - Pennsylvania KW - Colorado KW - Arkansas KW - 29A:Economic geology, geology of energy sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50170812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.atitle=Coalbed+methane%3B+from+hazard+to+environmental+concern+and+untapped+energy+resource&rft.au=Rice%2C+Dudley+D%3BWanty%2C+Richard+B%3BByrer%2C+Charles+W%3BKruger%2C+Dina+W&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=Dudley&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=72&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.issn=1067084X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Tenth V. E. McKelvey forum on mineral and energy resources N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XICIA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alabama; Arkansas; coalbed methane; Colorado; ecology; energy sources; environment; geologic hazards; Illinois; impact statements; Indiana; Kansas; Kentucky; natural gas; New Mexico; Oklahoma; Pennsylvania; petroleum; petroleum exploration; potential deposits; United States; USGS; Utah; Virginia; West Virginia; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of oil-field brines on aquifers; geophysical applications in oil field environmental studies AN - 50170794; 1995-019569 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Circular AU - Smith, Bruce D AU - Mazzella, Aldo T Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 114 EP - 116 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 1067-084X, 1067-084X KW - United States KW - geophysical surveys KW - southwestern Mississippi KW - oil and gas fields KW - ground water KW - electromagnetic methods KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - electromagnetic induction KW - Brookhaven Field KW - Mississippi KW - geophysical methods KW - electrical methods KW - pollution KW - magnetic methods KW - resistivity KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - hydrochemistry KW - aquifers KW - brines KW - surveys KW - shallow aquifers KW - waste disposal KW - Lincoln County Mississippi KW - airborne methods KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50170794?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+oil-field+brines+on+aquifers%3B+geophysical+applications+in+oil+field+environmental+studies&rft.au=Smith%2C+Bruce+D%3BMazzella%2C+Aldo+T&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Bruce&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=114&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Circular&rft.issn=1067084X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Tenth V. E. McKelvey forum on mineral and energy resources N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - XICIA5 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; aquifers; brines; Brookhaven Field; electrical methods; electromagnetic induction; electromagnetic methods; geochemistry; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; ground water; Gulf Coastal Plain; hydrochemistry; Lincoln County Mississippi; magnetic methods; Mississippi; oil and gas fields; pollution; resistivity; shallow aquifers; southwestern Mississippi; surveys; United States; USGS; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bench-scale testing of selected remediation alternatives for contaminated sediments AN - 50157286; 1995-029586 JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Timberlake, Dennis L AU - Garbaciak, Stephen, Jr Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 52 EP - 56 PB - Air & Waste Management Association, Pittsburgh, PA VL - 45 IS - 1 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Buffalo River KW - soil vapor extraction KW - PCBs KW - remediation KW - Ashtabula River KW - solvents KW - mass balance KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Grand Calumet River KW - Ohio KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50157286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Bench-scale+testing+of+selected+remediation+alternatives+for+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Timberlake%2C+Dennis+L%3BGarbaciak%2C+Stephen%2C+Jr&rft.aulast=Timberlake&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=52&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - 8 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Ashtabula River; Buffalo River; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; fluvial environment; Grand Calumet River; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Indiana; mass balance; Michigan; monitoring; New York; Ohio; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; Saginaw River; sediments; soil vapor extraction; solvents; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Movement and loadings of inorganic contaminants through the lower Saginaw River AN - 50136689; 1995-041266 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Moll, Russell A AU - Jude, David AU - Rossmann, Ronald AU - Kantak, Gail V AU - Barres, James AU - DeBoe, Scott AU - Giesy, John AU - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 17 EP - 34 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), [Shelburne, ON] VL - 21 IS - 1 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - zinc KW - copper KW - lead KW - solution KW - iron KW - temperature KW - carbon KW - movement KW - Great Lakes KW - organic carbon KW - discharge KW - geochemistry KW - heavy metals KW - organic materials KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - North America KW - Bay City Michigan KW - Lake Huron KW - loading KW - Saginaw River KW - statistical analysis KW - suspension KW - pollution KW - Bay County Michigan KW - hydrochemistry KW - Saginaw Bay KW - inorganic materials KW - nutrients KW - provenance KW - organic compounds KW - metals KW - seasonal variations KW - Michigan KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50136689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Movement+and+loadings+of+inorganic+contaminants+through+the+lower+Saginaw+River&rft.au=Moll%2C+Russell+A%3BJude%2C+David%3BRossmann%2C+Ronald%3BKantak%2C+Gail+V%3BBarres%2C+James%3BDeBoe%2C+Scott%3BGiesy%2C+John%3BTuchman%2C+Marc&rft.aulast=Moll&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - ON] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bay City Michigan; Bay County Michigan; carbon; copper; discharge; geochemistry; Great Lakes; heavy metals; hydrochemistry; inorganic materials; iron; Lake Huron; lead; loading; metals; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; movement; North America; nutrients; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; pollution; provenance; Saginaw Bay; Saginaw River; seasonal variations; solution; statistical analysis; suspension; temperature; United States; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The occurrence of agricultural chemicals in Illinois' rural private wells; results from the pilot study AN - 50125862; 1995-052996 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Mehnert, Edward AU - Schock, Susan C AU - Barnhardt, Michael L AU - Caughey, Michael E AU - Chou, Sheng-Fu J AU - Dey, William S AU - Dreher, Gary B AU - Ray, Chittaranjan Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 142 EP - 149 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - water quality KW - Effingham County Illinois KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - stochastic processes KW - sampling KW - Livingston County Illinois KW - agrochemicals KW - nitrate ion KW - chemical composition KW - concentration KW - Illinois KW - pollutants KW - Piatt County Illinois KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - Kankakee County Illinois KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - atrazine KW - pesticides KW - Mason County Illinois KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50125862?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=The+occurrence+of+agricultural+chemicals+in+Illinois%27+rural+private+wells%3B+results+from+the+pilot+study&rft.au=Mehnert%2C+Edward%3BSchock%2C+Susan+C%3BBarnhardt%2C+Michael+L%3BCaughey%2C+Michael+E%3BChou%2C+Sheng-Fu+J%3BDey%2C+William+S%3BDreher%2C+Gary+B%3BRay%2C+Chittaranjan&rft.aulast=Mehnert&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=142&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 17 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; aquifers; atrazine; chemical composition; concentration; detection; Effingham County Illinois; ground water; herbicides; Illinois; Kankakee County Illinois; Livingston County Illinois; Mason County Illinois; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pesticides; Piatt County Illinois; pollutants; pollution; sampling; stochastic processes; triazines; United States; water quality; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cropsy waste pile, Beaver mud dump, Cleveland Cliffs and mine pits response action AN - 50125700; 1995-052687 JF - Special Publication - Colorado Geological Survey AU - Ketellapper, Victor L AU - Cressman, J E AU - Carmody, Colleen A2 - Posey, Harry H. A2 - Pendleton, James A. A2 - Van Zyl, Dirk J. A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 121 EP - 126 PB - Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, CO SN - 0099-6459, 0099-6459 KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - mines KW - acid mine drainage KW - Superfund KW - pits KW - Alamosa River KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - tailings ponds KW - hydrochemistry KW - cost KW - remediation KW - Summitville Mine KW - water treatment KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - Colorado KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50125700?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Cropsy+waste+pile%2C+Beaver+mud+dump%2C+Cleveland+Cliffs+and+mine+pits+response+action&rft.au=Ketellapper%2C+Victor+L%3BCressman%2C+J+E%3BCarmody%2C+Colleen&rft.aulast=Ketellapper&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=188421651X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=00996459&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Summitville forum '95 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CGSSA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Alamosa River; Colorado; cost; geochemistry; hazardous waste; hydrochemistry; leaching; mines; pH; pits; pollution; remediation; Rio Grande County Colorado; Summitville Mine; Superfund; tailings ponds; United States; waste disposal; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional accumulation pattern of heavy metals in lake sediments and forest soils in Sweden AN - 50124868; 1995-043766 JF - The Science of the Total Environment AU - Johansson, Kjell AU - Andersson, Arne AU - Andersson, Tord Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - January 1995 SP - 373 EP - 380 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 160-161 SN - 0048-9697, 0048-9697 KW - soils KW - forests KW - zinc KW - concentration KW - Western Europe KW - copper KW - background level KW - pollution KW - lead KW - Europe KW - southern Sweden KW - regional patterns KW - Scandinavia KW - areal studies KW - transport KW - metals KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - cadmium KW - chemical composition KW - heavy metals KW - Sweden KW - mercury KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50124868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.atitle=Regional+accumulation+pattern+of+heavy+metals+in+lake+sediments+and+forest+soils+in+Sweden&rft.au=Johansson%2C+Kjell%3BAndersson%2C+Arne%3BAndersson%2C+Tord&rft.aulast=Johansson&rft.aufirst=Kjell&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=160-161&rft.issue=&rft.spage=373&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Science+of+the+Total+Environment&rft.issn=00489697&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - areal studies; background level; cadmium; chemical composition; concentration; copper; Europe; forests; heavy metals; lacustrine environment; lead; mercury; metals; pollution; regional patterns; Scandinavia; sediments; soils; southern Sweden; Sweden; transport; Western Europe; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Is Summitville really unique? AN - 50124416; 1995-052704 JF - Special Publication - Colorado Geological Survey AU - Williams, Laura O A2 - Posey, Harry H. A2 - Pendleton, James A. A2 - Van Zyl, Dirk J. A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 362 EP - 368 PB - Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, CO SN - 0099-6459, 0099-6459 KW - United States KW - mines KW - acid mine drainage KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - Alamosa River KW - legislation KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Summitville Mine KW - history KW - seasonal variations KW - cyanides KW - Colorado KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50124416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Is+Summitville+really+unique%3F&rft.au=Williams%2C+Laura+O&rft.aulast=Williams&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=362&rft.isbn=188421651X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=00996459&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Summitville forum '95 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CGSSA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Alamosa River; Colorado; cyanides; history; legislation; mines; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rio Grande County Colorado; seasonal variations; Summitville Mine; Superfund; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the chemical, physical and biological conditions of the Summitville Mine Superfund Site, and Alamosa River and associated tributaries AN - 50122473; 1995-052697 JF - Special Publication - Colorado Geological Survey AU - Willingham, W T AU - Parrish, L P AU - Schroeder, W C AU - Rodriguez, G R AU - Archuleta, Andrew S AU - Smith, M E AU - Herrin, L E AU - Kneipp, A M AU - Gabler, J D A2 - Posey, Harry H. A2 - Pendleton, James A. A2 - Van Zyl, Dirk J. A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 227 PB - Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, CO SN - 0099-6459, 0099-6459 KW - United States KW - mines KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - Alamosa River KW - Wightman Fork KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - tributaries KW - biota KW - Summitville Mine KW - physical properties KW - leaching KW - discharge KW - cyanides KW - Colorado KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50122473?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+chemical%2C+physical+and+biological+conditions+of+the+Summitville+Mine+Superfund+Site%2C+and+Alamosa+River+and+associated+tributaries&rft.au=Willingham%2C+W+T%3BParrish%2C+L+P%3BSchroeder%2C+W+C%3BRodriguez%2C+G+R%3BArchuleta%2C+Andrew+S%3BSmith%2C+M+E%3BHerrin%2C+L+E%3BKneipp%2C+A+M%3BGabler%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Willingham&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=188421651X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=00996459&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Summitville forum '95 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CGSSA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alamosa River; biota; chemical composition; Colorado; cyanides; discharge; leaching; mines; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; prediction; Rio Grande County Colorado; Summitville Mine; Superfund; tributaries; United States; Wightman Fork ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interim project report Reynolds Adit Control Program AN - 50121190; 1995-052688 JF - Special Publication - Colorado Geological Survey AU - Devarajan, Raj AU - Trela, John A AU - Hanley, James E AU - Whitlock, L Clark A2 - Posey, Harry H. A2 - Pendleton, James A. A2 - Van Zyl, Dirk J. A. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 127 EP - 133 PB - Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, CO SN - 0099-6459, 0099-6459 KW - United States KW - methods KW - hydrology KW - water quality KW - programs KW - mines KW - monitoring KW - acid mine drainage KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - Reynolds Adit KW - remediation KW - Summitville Mine KW - metals KW - tunnels KW - waste disposal KW - discharge KW - cyanides KW - Colorado KW - construction KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50121190?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=Interim+project+report+Reynolds+Adit+Control+Program&rft.au=Devarajan%2C+Raj%3BTrela%2C+John+A%3BHanley%2C+James+E%3BWhitlock%2C+L+Clark&rft.aulast=Devarajan&rft.aufirst=Raj&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=188421651X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Special+Publication+-+Colorado+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=00996459&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Summitville forum '95 N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CGSSA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Colorado; construction; cyanides; discharge; hydrology; metals; methods; mines; monitoring; pollutants; pollution; programs; remediation; Reynolds Adit; Rio Grande County Colorado; Summitville Mine; Superfund; surface water; tunnels; United States; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vulnerability of the uppermost ground water to contamination in the greater Denver area, Colorado AN - 50085590; 1996-006061 AB - Information about vulnerability of ground water to contamination is needed to facilitate ground-water management. Vulnerability of ground water refers to the intrinsic characteristics that determine the sensitivity of the water to being adversely affected by an imposed contaminant load. Within the greater Denver area, vulnerability of the uppermost ground water to contamination from the surface was assessed by considering the intrinsic characteristics included in a method developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the National Water Well Association, the DRASTIC method. The seven geohydrologic characteristics considered are: (1) Aquifer media, (2) hydraulic conductivity, (3) unsaturated media, (4) depth to water, (5) recharge, (6) soil media, and (7) land-surface slope. Recharge from precipitation generally is less than 2 inches per year; no effort was made to quantify the variation of recharge throughout the study area. Data for geology, depth to water, soils, and elevation were obtained and processed to produce maps of the other six characteristics. Spatial and attribute data for these maps were stored and processed by geographic-information-system software to produce a map showing vulnerability of the uppermost ground water to contamination from the surface. This report describes the assessment of each geohydrologic characteristic and the 157 vulnerability response units that were delineated within the greater Denver area. These response units are unique with respect to the geohydrologic characteristics considered. The uppermost ground water within each of the vulnerability response units are described in a series of tables, which include qualitative and selected quantitative data and the vulnerability rating assigned for each of the seven geohydrologic characteristics. JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Hearne, Glenn A AU - Wireman, Michael AU - Campbell, Angus S AU - Turner, Sandy AU - Ingersoll, George P Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 244 EP - 244, 1 sheet PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - Scale: 1:100,000 KW - Type: colored hydrogeologic map KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - Denver County Colorado KW - Jefferson County Colorado KW - data processing KW - north-central Colorado KW - ground water KW - Denver Colorado KW - USGS KW - soils KW - Arapahoe County Colorado KW - Douglas County Colorado KW - pollution KW - hydrogeologic maps KW - Adams County Colorado KW - aquifers KW - computer programs KW - maps KW - classification KW - shallow aquifers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - DRASTIC KW - Colorado KW - land use KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50085590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hearne%2C+Glenn+A%3BWireman%2C+Michael%3BCampbell%2C+Angus+S%3BTurner%2C+Sandy%3BIngersoll%2C+George+P&rft.aulast=Hearne&rft.aufirst=Glenn&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Vulnerability+of+the+uppermost+ground+water+to+contamination+in+the+greater+Denver+area%2C+Colorado&rft.title=Vulnerability+of+the+uppermost+ground+water+to+contamination+in+the+greater+Denver+area%2C+Colorado&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from USGS product, Selected Water Resources Abstracts, Reston, VA, United States N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 21 tables, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Prepared in cooperation with the Colorado Department of Health, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and U.S. Soil Conservation Service N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adams County Colorado; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; Arapahoe County Colorado; classification; Colorado; computer programs; data processing; Denver Colorado; Denver County Colorado; Douglas County Colorado; DRASTIC; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrogeologic maps; Jefferson County Colorado; land use; maps; north-central Colorado; pollution; shallow aquifers; soils; United States; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation of contaminant time-of-travel for risk assessments at waste sites in unconfined karst aquifers AN - 50076693; 1996-011313 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Field, Malcolm S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 181 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 27 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - wells KW - chemical dispersion KW - Darcy's law KW - pollution KW - karst KW - advection KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - transport KW - quantitative analysis KW - sinkholes KW - residence time KW - tracers KW - velocity KW - risk assessment KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - solution features KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50076693?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Estimation+of+contaminant+time-of-travel+for+risk+assessments+at+waste+sites+in+unconfined+karst+aquifers&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; aquifers; chemical dispersion; Darcy's law; ground water; karst; pollution; quantitative analysis; residence time; risk assessment; sinkholes; solution features; tracers; transport; unconfined aquifers; velocity; waste disposal; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Meeting mobility and air quality goals: strategies that work AN - 27446842; 2001-80-004835 (CE); 2001-64-001367 (MT); 0193571 (EN) AB - Recent federal legislation sets tough air quality goals for the nation but offers scant guidance to urban areas responsible for meeting those goals. Traditionally, transportation-related air quality policy emphasized cleaner vehicle and fuels technologies and alternatives to single-occupant vehicle travel such as car-pooling and mass transit. Analysis suggests, however, that meeting air quality goals will require the addition of policies to manage the growing demand for transportation. The introduction of market forces into transportation supply and demand decisions would support traditional transportation and air quality strategies, and produce additional mobility, air quality, and economic benefits. Recent transportation legislation offers states and localities the flexibility to meet mobility and air quality goals in an innovative, non-traditional manner. Drawing on theoretical analysis and recent empirical evidence we offer a package of measures for the consideration of state, and federal policy-makers. JF - Transportation AU - Kessler, Jon AU - Schroeer, William AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA PY - 1995 SP - 241 EP - 272 PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, P.O. Box 989, Dordrecht, 3300AZ, Netherlands, [mailto:IrisJagers@wkap.nl], [URL:http://www.wkap.nl] VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0049-4488, 0049-4488 KW - Civil Engineering (CE); Mechanical & Transportation Engineering (MT); Environmental Engineering (EN) KW - Air quality KW - Transportation KW - Mobility KW - Vehicles KW - Marketing KW - Economics KW - Empirical analysis KW - Supply and demand KW - Demand analysis KW - Federal legislation KW - Legislation KW - Urban areas KW - Drawing KW - Flexibility KW - Cleaning KW - Alternative fuels KW - Article KW - EE 902.3:LEGAL ASPECTS KW - EE 451.2:AIR POLLUTION CONTROL KW - EE 912.2:MANAGEMENT KW - EE 432.1:HIGHWAY TRANSPORTATION (GENERAL) KW - EE 403.1:URBAN PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT (EN) KW - EE 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/27446842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aenvironmentalengabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transportation&rft.atitle=Meeting+mobility+and+air+quality+goals%3A+strategies+that+work&rft.au=Kessler%2C+Jon%3BSchroeer%2C+William&rft.aulast=Kessler&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=241&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transportation&rft.issn=00494488&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Last updated - 2011-11-11 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Immune function testing for the identification and characterisation of immunotoxicity in rodents AN - 21072247; 11127079 JF - Human & Experimental Toxicology AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, USA Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - Jan 1995 SP - 135 EP - 136 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0960-3271, 0960-3271 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Immunotoxicity KW - Immune response KW - X 24490:Other UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21072247?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+%26+Experimental+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Immune+function+testing+for+the+identification+and+characterisation+of+immunotoxicity+in+rodents&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Human+%26+Experimental+Toxicology&rft.issn=09603271&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F096032719501400133 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-30 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Immunotoxicity; Immune response DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032719501400133 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lead Levels in the Household Environment of Children in 3 High-Risk Communities in California AN - 17168572; 4460209 AB - To assess environmental lead contamination in the household environment of children in high-risk areas of California, three urban locations were surveyed by the California Department of Health Services. Plant, soil, and dust lead levels were measured and a questionnaire was administered. This survey estimates that 3 million homes in California (27%) may have exterior paint lead levels greater than or equal to 5000 ppm, and 1.3 million homes (12%) may have interior paint lead levels greater than or equal to 5000 ppm. The highest concentrations of lead in paint were found on exterior surfaces and, for homes built between 1920 and 1959, on trim. Age of housing was the best predictor of lead in soil and dust; homes built before 1920 were 10 times more likely to have soil lead levels greater than or equal to 500 ppm compared to post-1950 homes. Most of the variability in dust lead levels could not be explained by factors measured in this survey. Sources of lead in the home were more highly correlated with lead dust concentration levels than they were with lead dust loading levels. Households with members reporting a lead job were twice as likely to have high dust lead levels compared to households with no one reporting a lead job. The significant differences in dust lead concentration levels between communities were not reflected in differences in dust lead loading levels. Measuring dust lead loading levels does not appear to be a meaningful sampling method for risk assessment in the context of prioritizing abatement. JF - Environmental Research AU - Sutton, P AU - Athanasoulis, M AU - Flessel, P AU - Guirguis, G AU - Haan, M AU - Schlag, R AU - Goldman, L AD - Calif Publ Hlth Fdn, 2151 Berkeley Way, Annex 11, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; Impact Assessment Inc, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA; Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Environm Hlth Lab Branch, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA; Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA; Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Childhood Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, Emeryville, CA 94608, USA and US EPA, Off Prevent Pesticides & Tox Subst, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1995/01// PY - 1995 DA - Jan 1995 SP - 45 EP - 57 PB - Academic Press VL - 68 IS - 1 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - USA, California KW - man KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - Heavy metals KW - Environmental health KW - Lead KW - Soil KW - Soil contamination KW - Risk assessment KW - Dust KW - Urban areas KW - Houses KW - Children KW - Plants KW - Paints KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - H 12000:Epidemiology and Public Health KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17168572?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Lead+Levels+in+the+Household+Environment+of+Children+in+3+High-Risk+Communities+in+California&rft.au=Sutton%2C+P%3BAthanasoulis%2C+M%3BFlessel%2C+P%3BGuirguis%2C+G%3BHaan%2C+M%3BSchlag%2C+R%3BGoldman%2C+L&rft.aulast=Sutton&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=45&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lead; Soil; Urban areas; Dust; Children; Soil contamination; Paints; Risk assessment; Environmental health; Heavy metals; Plants; Houses ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of piperonyl butoxide on the toxicity of organophosphate insecticides to three species of freshwater benthic invertebrates AN - 17063274; 3889336 AB - Toxicity tests were conducted with amphipods (Hyalella azteca), chironomids (Chironomus tentans) and oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus) exposed to a series of organophosphate insecticides in the absence or presence of piperonyl butoxide (PBO), an inhibitor of cytochrome(s) P450. Piperonyl butoxide effectively reduced the toxicity to H. azteca and C. tentans of three organophosphates (diazinon, chlorpyrifos, azinphos-methyl) which undergo metabolic activation by cytochrome(s) P450. Coadministration of PBO with another organophosphate (dichlorvos) which is not activated by cytochrome(s) P450, did not reduce the toxicity to the two species. Lumbriculus variegatus was relatively insensitive to the organophosphates, and PBO did not reduce their toxicity to the oligochaete. These data indicate that both H. azteca and C. tentans possess cytochrome P450-mediated MOs capable of metabolizing organic xenobiotics. However, the degree to which L. variegatus might be capable of the oxidative metabolism of organic xenobiotics is uncertain. JF - Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, C AU - Ankley, G T AU - Collyard, SA AD - US EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 149 EP - 155 VL - 110C IS - 2 SN - 0742-8413, 0742-8413 KW - Chironomidae KW - Chironomus tentans KW - Diptera KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Lumbriculus variegatus KW - cytochromes KW - enzyme inhibitors KW - invertebrates KW - neurotoxins KW - organophosphorus pesticides KW - synergism KW - toxicology KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - benthos KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - insecticides KW - Q1 08246:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - Z 05183:Toxicology & resistance KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17063274?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Comparative+Biochemistry+and+Physiology%2C+C&rft.atitle=Influence+of+piperonyl+butoxide+on+the+toxicity+of+organophosphate+insecticides+to+three+species+of+freshwater+benthic+invertebrates&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BCollyard%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=110C&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=149&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Comparative+Biochemistry+and+Physiology%2C+C&rft.issn=07428413&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; enzyme inhibitors; neurotoxins; toxicity; synergism; toxicology; benthos; cytochromes; organophosphorus pesticides; invertebrates; Hyalella azteca; Lumbriculus variegatus; Chironomidae; Chironomus tentans; Diptera; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reversed-phase separation of estuarine interstitial water fractions and the consequences of C sub(18) retention of organic matter AN - 17056902; 3882442 AB - Data are presented on the application of the reversed-phase separation technique for the determination of dissolved organic compounds in estuarine interstitial water. Thirty-seven neutral, nonpolar organic compounds were equilibrated with interstitial water, extracted by emulsion-free gentle liquid-liquid extraction, and quantified using surrogate internal standards. The extraction and quantitation procedures were insensitive to dissolved organic carbon concentration (DOC, 1 to 55 mg C/L). Gross dissolved organic carbon retention by the C sub(18) matrix (7 plus or minus 2%) was similar to the range reported for fresh water; significant regressions of apparent, DOC-normalized, partition coefficients (K' sub(doc)) versus compound solubility and octanol/water partition coefficients (K sub(ow)) were determined. An inverse relationship between K' sub(doc) and DOC concentrations, similar to that reported in fresh water, was found, but was reduced or eliminated for many compounds by accounting for the retained bound compound in the calculation of K' sub(doc); failure to account for C sub(18) retention of DOM in determining freely dissolved concentrations of high K sub(ow) organic compounds could result in overestimates of this fraction. Partition coefficients of selected compounds between Aldrich humic acid and distilled water were similar to those found in other studies using radiolabeled compounds. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ozretich, RJ AU - Smith, L M AU - Roberts, F A AD - U.S. EPA, 2111 S.E. Mar. Sci. Drive, Newport, OR 97365, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1261 EP - 1272 VL - 14 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - separation processes KW - dissolved organic carbon KW - fractionation KW - interstitial water KW - separation techniques KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - seawater KW - water sampling KW - estuaries KW - organic compounds KW - carbon KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17056902?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Reversed-phase+separation+of+estuarine+interstitial+water+fractions+and+the+consequences+of+C+sub%2818%29+retention+of+organic+matter&rft.au=Ozretich%2C+RJ%3BSmith%2C+L+M%3BRoberts%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Ozretich&rft.aufirst=RJ&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water sampling; estuaries; organic compounds; seawater; interstitial water; carbon; separation techniques; separation processes; dissolved organic carbon; fractionation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of offspring development and behavior following gestational exposure to inhaled methanol in the rat AN - 17054006; 3882915 AB - The prospect of widespread human exposure associated with its use as an alternative fuel has sparked concern about the toxic potential of inhaled methanol (MeOH). Previous studies have revealed congenital malformations in rats following inhaled MeOH but these studies did not include postnatal behavioral assessment. In the present study, pregnant Long-Evans rats were placed in exposure chambers containing 15,000 ppm MeOH or air for 7 hr/day on Gestational Days (GD) 7-19. The total alveolar dose of methanol was estimated at about 6.1 g/kg/day, for a total dose of about 42.7 g/kg for the entire study. Maternal body weights were recorded daily and blood methanol concentrations were determined at the end of exposure on GD 7, 10, 14, and 18. Following birth (Postnatal Day 0 [PND 0]), a number of tests were performed at various points in development, including: offspring mortality and body wt (PND 1, 3), motor activity (PND 13-21, 30, 60), olfactory learning (PND 18), behavioral thermoregulation (PND 20-21), T-maze learning (PND 23-24), acoustic startle response (PND 24, 60), reflex modification audiometry (PND 60), pubertal landmarks (PND 31-56), passive avoidance (PND 72), and visual-evoked potentials (PND 160). Maternal blood MeOH levels, measured from samples taken within 15 min after removal from the exposure chamber, declined from about 3.8 mg/ml on the first day of exposure to 3.1 mg/ml on the 12th day of exposure. MeOH transiently reduced maternal body wt (4-7%) on GD 8-10, and offspring BW (5%) on PND 1. No other test revealed significant effects of MeOH. Prenatal exposure to high levels of inhaled MeOH appears to have little effect on this broad battery of tests beyond PND 1 in the rat. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Stanton, ME AU - Crofton, K M AU - Gray, LE AU - Gordon, C J AU - Boyes, W K AU - Mole, M L AU - Peele, D B AU - Bushnell, P J AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 100 EP - 110 VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - methanol KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - prenatal experience KW - inhalation KW - congenital defects KW - behavior KW - motor activity KW - teratogenicity KW - offspring KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17054006?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+offspring+development+and+behavior+following+gestational+exposure+to+inhaled+methanol+in+the+rat&rft.au=Stanton%2C+ME%3BCrofton%2C+K+M%3BGray%2C+LE%3BGordon%2C+C+J%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BMole%2C+M+L%3BPeele%2C+D+B%3BBushnell%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Stanton&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=100&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - inhalation; teratogenicity; congenital defects; motor activity; behavior; offspring; prenatal experience ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial colonization, respiration, and breakdown of maple leaves along a stream-marsh continuum AN - 17051438; 3880652 AB - Breakdown rates, macroinvertebrate and bacterial colonization, and microbial respiration were measured on decaying maple (Acer saccharum) leaves at three sites along a stream-marsh continuum. Breakdown rates (-k plus or minus SE) were 0.0284 plus or minus 0.0045/d for leaves in a high-gradient, non-tidal stream; 0.0112 plus or minus 0.0019/d for leaves at the confluence of the stream with a tidal, freshwater marsh; and 0.0062 plus or minus 0.0009/d for leaves in the tidal, freshwater marsh. Breakdown rates were significantly faster (ANCOVA, F<0.008) at the high-gradient, non-tidal stream site and at the tidal stream site than in the tidal marsh. Macroinvertebrate density on decaying leaves was low at all sites (<7 organisms/g AFDM leaf mass) and was dominated by chironomids and amphipods. Bacterial density on decaying leaves ranged from 8.56 x 10 super(8) CFU/g AFDM leaf mass to 13.38 x 10 super(8) CFU/g AFDM. Cumulative microbial respiration, calculated as the product of mean respiration on a sampling date, days in the interval preceding the sampling date, and hours per day, accounted for 34.3 plus or minus 6.0%, 53.0 plus or minus 4.8%, and 51.5 plus or minus 7.9% of the leaf mass loss (as carbon) at these sites. Although the breakdown rate was fastest at the non-tidal stream site, significantly less leaf mass was lost through microbial respiration. Most mass loss from leaves at this site was probably due to physical processing associated with stream habitats. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Hill, B H AU - Perrotte, WT Jr AD - U.S. EPA, 3411 Church St., Cincinnati, OH 45244, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 11 EP - 16 VL - 312 IS - 1 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Acer saccharum KW - aquatic bacteria KW - colonization KW - freshwater crustaceans KW - freshwater ecology KW - streams KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - respiration KW - Freshwater KW - leaves KW - detritus KW - USA, New York, Hudson R. KW - biodegradation KW - marshes KW - bacteria KW - microorganisms KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - Q1 08482:Ecosystems and energetics KW - J 02905:Water UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17051438?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Microbial+colonization%2C+respiration%2C+and+breakdown+of+maple+leaves+along+a+stream-marsh+continuum&rft.au=Hill%2C+B+H%3BPerrotte%2C+WT+Jr&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=312&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - respiration; biodegradation; freshwater ecology; marshes; bacteria; detritus; leaves; freshwater crustaceans; colonization; microorganisms; aquatic bacteria; streams; Acer saccharum; USA, New York, Hudson R.; Freshwater ER - TY - CONF T1 - Effects of elevated CO sub(2) and nitrogen on ponderosa pine fine roots and associated fungal components AN - 17051262; 3874850 AB - The effects of CO sub(2) and nitrogen treatments on ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex P. Laws. & C. Laws.) fine roots and associated fungal structures were monitored for a year (October 1992 to October 1993) using a minirhizotron camera system. The trees were grown in native soil in open-top field-exposure chambers at Placerville, CA and exposed to ambient ( similar to 350 mu mol mol super(-1)) air or ambient air plus either 175 or 350 mu mol mol super(-1) CO sub(2) and three levels of nitrogen addition (0, 100 and 200 kg ha super(-1)); however, the 100 kg ha super(-1) N treatment at ambient plus 175 mu mol mol super(-1) CO sub(2) treatment was omitted from the experimental design. Roots were classified as new, white, brown, decaying or missing and their lengths and diameters measured. The occurrence of mycorrhizae and fungal hyphae was also recorded. The majority (>90%) of roots observed were smaller than 2 mm and the mean diameter decreased during the study. None of the root parameters measured showed a significant response to elevated CO sub(2). The elevated CO sub(2) treatments consistently showed an increase in root area density averaging 50% larger compared to ambient CO sub(2), but this response was not statistically significant due to the high spatial variability of root distribution. Only new root area density showed a significant nitrogen response. The most new roots were initiated between April and June and the highest level of root loss occurred between June and August. The occurrence of mycorrhizae and fungal hyphae increased in response to CO sub(2) treatment but not the nitrogen. Their highest levels of occurrence were during August and October 93. JF - Journal of Biogeography AU - Tingey, D T AU - Johnson, M G AU - Phillips, D L AU - Storm, MJ Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 281 EP - 287 VL - 22 IS - 2-3 KW - carbon dioxide KW - nitrogen KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - roots KW - Pinus ponderosa KW - growth rate KW - mycorrhizas KW - assimilation KW - soil microorganisms KW - D 04635:Conifers KW - D 04623:Fungi KW - A 01044:General KW - K 03096:Mycorrhiza UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17051262?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Biogeography&rft.atitle=Effects+of+elevated+CO+sub%282%29+and+nitrogen+on+ponderosa+pine+fine+roots+and+associated+fungal+components&rft.au=Tingey%2C+D+T%3BJohnson%2C+M+G%3BPhillips%2C+D+L%3BStorm%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Tingey&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Biogeography&rft.issn=03050270&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of forest inventories and geographic information systems to estimate biomass density of tropical forests: Application to tropical Africa AN - 17044203; 3876700 AB - One of the most important databases needed for estimating emissions of carbon dioxide resulting from changes in the cover, use, and management of tropical forests is the total quantity of biomass per unit area, referred to as biomass density. Forest inventories have been shown to be valuable sources of data for estimating biomass density, but inventories for the tropics are few in number and their quality is poor. This lack of reliable data has been overcome by use of a promising approach that produces geographically referenced estimates by modeling in a geographic information system (GIS). This approach has been used to produce geographically referenced, spatial distributions of potential and actual (circa 1980) aboveground biomass density of all forests types in tropical Africa. Potential and actual biomass density estimates ranged from 33 to 412 Mg ha super(-1) (10 super(6)g ha super(-1)) and 20 to 299 Mg ha super(-1), respectively, for very dry lowland to moist lowland forests and from 78 to 197 Mg ha super(-1) and 37 to 105 Mg ha super(-1), respectively, for montane-seasonal to montane-moist forests. Of the 37 countries included in this study, more than half (51%) contained forests that had less than 60% of their potential biomass. Actual biomass density for forest vegetation was lowest in Botswana, Niger, Somalia, and Zimbabwe (about 10 to 15 Mg ha super(-1)). Highest estimates for actual biomass density were found in Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and Liberia (305 to 344 Mg ha super(-1)). Results from this research effort can contribute to reducing uncertainty in the inventory of country-level emission by providing consistent estimates of biomass density at subnational scales that can be used with other similarly scaled databases on change in land cover and use. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Brown, S AU - Gaston, G AD - U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvalis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 157 EP - 168 VL - 38 IS - 2-3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - forests KW - biomass KW - emission inventories KW - vegetation KW - carbon dioxide KW - geographic information systems KW - Africa KW - tropical environments KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17044203?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Use+of+forest+inventories+and+geographic+information+systems+to+estimate+biomass+density+of+tropical+forests%3A+Application+to+tropical+Africa&rft.au=Brown%2C+S%3BGaston%2C+G&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special issue: African Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories and Mitigation Options: Forestry, LAnd-Use Change, and Agriculture. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Africa; forests; tropical environments; biomass; geographic information systems; carbon dioxide; vegetation; emission inventories ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) release from soil during treatment with Fenton's Reagent AN - 17034573; 3871171 AB - Fenton's Reagent was used to treat soil from a wood-treating site in southeastern Ohio which had been contaminated with creosote. Slurries, consisting of 10 g of contaminated soil and 30 mL water were treated with 40 mL of Fenton's Reagent (1:1 of 30% H sub(2)O sub(2): 8.84 mM FeSO sub(4)). Concentrations of fourteen PAHs were monitored during 24 hours treatment. In preliminary experiments, we observed a significant increase in the extractibility of the PAHs after 1 hour of treatment. Twelve of the fourteen PAHs showed consistent increases (13 to 56%) in extractibility from soil after one hour of contact time with the Reagent. Only acenaphthylene and acenaphthene showed no increase in extractibility. Electron exchange by structural iron in clay mineral and the swelling of clay layers is proposed as the release mechanism of tightly held PAHs. Results obtained in this study suggest that this treatment may enhance soil remediation. The results also indicate that the PAH analytical method employed may provide inaccurate results in some situations. JF - Chemosphere AU - Kawahara, F K AU - Davila, B AU - Al-Abed AU - Vesper, S J AU - Ireland, J C AU - Rock, S AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 4131 EP - 4142 VL - 31 IS - 9 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Fenton's Reagent KW - creosote KW - hydrogen peroxide KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - soil remediation KW - polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons KW - chemical treatment KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17034573?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=Polynuclear+aromatic+hydrocarbon+%28PAH%29+release+from+soil+during+treatment+with+Fenton%27s+Reagent&rft.au=Kawahara%2C+F+K%3BDavila%2C+B%3BAl-Abed%3BVesper%2C+S+J%3BIreland%2C+J+C%3BRock%2C+S&rft.aulast=Kawahara&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=4131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons; soil remediation; chemical treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological risk assessment for chemical stressors: Challenges in predictive ecotoxicology research AN - 17030647; 3865910 AB - Environmental management decisions are increasingly based on the results of ecological risk assessments that require data and models to establish the likelihood of adverse ecological effects that may occur or are occurring as a result of exposure to one or more stressors. Research to support ecological risk assessments for chemical stressors must include a predictive capability. The great number of chemicals, species and habitats (exposure conditions) associated with prospective and retrospective management decisions precludes the use of empirical testing as the sole means to fill data gaps. Therefore, strategic laboratory and field testing must be undertaken in the context of a modeling strategy that is based on ecologically-relevant toxicological endpoints and mechanistically-sound toxicological hypotheses. The development of quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) to predict the toxicity of untested chemicals has evolved from a chemical-class perspective to one that is more consistent with assumptions regarding modes of toxic action. To improve the means of extrapolating adverse effects across species and exposure regimes, physiologically-based toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic models must be linked with a greater array of mechanistically-based QSAR techniques. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Bradbury, S P AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 3 EP - 9 VL - 1 IS - 1 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - ecosystem management KW - environmental studies KW - models KW - risk assessment KW - structure-activity relationships KW - xenobiotics KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - environment management KW - toxicology KW - Brackish KW - mathematical models KW - Freshwater KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17030647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Ecological+risk+assessment+for+chemical+stressors%3A+Challenges+in+predictive+ecotoxicology+research&rft.au=Bradbury%2C+S+P&rft.aulast=Bradbury&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - models; ecosystem management; toxicology; environment management; mathematical models; structure-activity relationships; risk assessment; environmental studies; xenobiotics; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Taxonomic level sufficient for assessing pollution impacts on the Southern California Bight macrobenthos -- revisited AN - 17026870; 3904864 AB - Taxonomic sufficiency is the pragmatic concept of identifying organisms only to the taxonomic level necessary and sufficient to meet a study's objectives. Sufficient taxonomy was determined for detecting differences in macrobenthic taxa richness, a dominance index, and three diversity indices between a reference and two pollution-impacted stations in the Southern California Bight using a wide variety of sampling protocols. A higher taxonomic level was deemed sufficient for a given measure and sampling protocol if the statistical power of t tests performed on data grouped to it was essentially the same as that when tests were performed on data grouped to all lower taxa. The sufficient taxon for the optimum sampling protocol was phylum except when assessing biological stimulation based on differences in mean log sub(10)(number of taxa) where it was species. Generic dominance and diversity indices were sufficient independent of the sample units tested (0.02, 0.06, and 0.1 m super(2)) and sample size (n greater than or equal to 2). We recommend family-level identification of specimens collected using the optimum sampling protocol when assessing macrobenthic community impacts in the study area because familial analyses are very likely to be sufficient. Confounding effects of sampling variables need to be accounted for when determining the true cost efficiency of and the underlying reason(s) for the sufficiency of higher taxonomy. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ferraro, S P AU - Cole, F A AD - U.S. EPA, Pacific Ecosystems Branch, ERL-N, Hatfield Mar. Sci. Cent., 2111 S.E. Mar. Sci. Drive, Newport, OR 97365-5260, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1031 EP - 1040 VL - 14 IS - 6 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - benthic environment KW - community composition KW - data acquisition KW - design criteria KW - ecosystem disturbance KW - environmental impact KW - identification KW - pollution effects KW - pollution monitoring KW - sampling KW - taxonomy KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - benthos KW - INE, USA, California KW - USA, California KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17026870?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Taxonomic+level+sufficient+for+assessing+pollution+impacts+on+the+Southern+California+Bight+macrobenthos+--+revisited&rft.au=Ferraro%2C+S+P%3BCole%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Ferraro&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1031&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - community composition; pollution monitoring; sampling; identification; data acquisition; environmental impact; ecosystem disturbance; benthos; pollution effects; taxonomy; benthic environment; water pollution; water pollution effects; design criteria; INE, USA, California; USA, California; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Asthma, inhaled oxidants, and dietary antioxidants AN - 17025816; 3866187 AB - The possible influence of dietary antioxidants, especially vitamin C, on the increasing prevalence of asthma is explored. Vitamin C intake in the general population appears to correlate with asthma, suggesting that a diet low in vitamin C is a risk factor for asthma. Epidemiological studies show associations among oxidant exposure, respiratory infections, and asthma in children of smokers. Symptoms of ongoing asthma in adults appear to be increased by exposure to environmental oxidants and decreased by vitamin C supplementation. There is evidence that oxidants produced endogenously by overactive inflammatory cells contribute to ongoing asthma. Vitamin C is the major antioxidant substance present in the airway surface liquid of the lung, where it could be important in protecting against both endogenous and exogenous oxidants. Nitrogen oxides are exemplary of oxidants that could arise from both endogenous and environmental sources, which are protected against by vitamin C, and that may be important in causation and propagation of asthma. JF - American Journal of Clinical Nutrition AU - Hatch, GE AD - MD-82 US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 VL - 61 SN - 0002-9165, 0002-9165 KW - nitrogen oxides KW - alpha -tocopherol KW - ascorbic acid KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - oxidants KW - cigarette smoking KW - antioxidants KW - asthma KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17025816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Nutrition&rft.atitle=Asthma%2C+inhaled+oxidants%2C+and+dietary+antioxidants&rft.au=Hatch%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Hatch&rft.aufirst=GE&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+3+sul.&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Journal+of+Clinical+Nutrition&rft.issn=00029165&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asthma; oxidants; antioxidants; cigarette smoking ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of pH and hardness on toxicity of ammonia to the amphipod Hyalella azteca AN - 17019929; 3852937 AB - The amphipod Hyalella azteca is frequently used for freshwater sediment tests throughout North America. A common potential toxicant in sediments is ammonia. Our objective was to characterize the influence of two key water quality variables, pH and hardness, on toxicity of ammonia to the amphipod. Data suggests that in softer water the amphipod was quite sensitive to the ionized (NH sub(4) super(+)) form of ammonia. This contrasts with most other species that have been tested, which typically are more sensitive to un-ionized (NH sub(3)) ammonia than to NH sub(4) super(+). These data provide baseline values for interpreting the possible contribution of ammonia to sediment toxicity in tests conducted with H. azteca and also indicate that in some situations NH sub(4) super(+) may be important in determining ammonia toxicity. JF - Canadian journal of fisheries and aquatic sciences/Journal canadien des sciences halieutiques et aquatiques. Ottawa ON AU - Ankley, G T AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M K AU - Monson, P D AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2078 EP - 2083 VL - 52 IS - 10 SN - 0706-652X, 0706-652X KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - test organisms KW - water hardness KW - pollution indicators KW - ammonia KW - toxicity tests KW - bioassays KW - sediment pollution KW - Freshwater KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Amphipoda KW - freshwater crustaceans KW - pH effects KW - calcium carbonates KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17019929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+journal+of+fisheries+and+aquatic+sciences%2FJournal+canadien+des+sciences+halieutiques+et+aquatiques.+Ottawa+ON&rft.atitle=Influence+of+pH+and+hardness+on+toxicity+of+ammonia+to+the+amphipod+Hyalella+azteca&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+M+K%3BMonson%2C+P+D&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2078&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+journal+of+fisheries+and+aquatic+sciences%2FJournal+canadien+des+sciences+halieutiques+et+aquatiques.+Ottawa+ON&rft.issn=0706652X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - test organisms; water hardness; pollution indicators; bioassays; toxicity tests; ammonia; sediment pollution; freshwater crustaceans; pH effects; calcium carbonates; Hyalella azteca; Amphipoda; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exhaust emissions from in-use alternative fuel vehicles AN - 17019323; 3848801 AB - This study examines exhaust emissions from 11 vehicles tested on compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, methanol, ethanol, and reformulated gasoline fuels (22 vehicle/fuel combinations). The paper highlights ozone precursor and toxic emissions. Emission rates from some of the presumably well-maintained, low-mileage test vehicles were higher than expected, but fuel effects were consistent with findings of similar studies. Aggregate toxic and non-methane organic emission rates from the variable/flexible fuel vehicles were higher with alcohol fuels than with reformulated gasoline. Lower specific reactivities for emissions with the alcohol fuels offset this negative trait. Specific reactivities of the organic emissions with the alternative fuels were consistently lower than those with the gasoline blends. Compressed natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas fuels had the lowest values. Although specific reactivities were expected to vary from fuel-to-fuel, they also varied considerably from vehicle-to-vehicle. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Gabele, P AD - U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 770 EP - 777 VL - 45 IS - 10 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - motor vehicles KW - emission inventories KW - exhaust emissions KW - fuel technology KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17019323?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Exhaust+emissions+from+in-use+alternative+fuel+vehicles&rft.au=Gabele%2C+P&rft.aulast=Gabele&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=770&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - motor vehicles; exhaust emissions; fuel technology; emission inventories ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Decomposition of silver maple (Acer saccharinum L.) woody debris in a central Illinois bottomland forest AN - 17016420; 3849392 AB - The decomposition rate of silver maple (Acer saccharinum) woody debris was measured in a seasonally flooded mature wetland forest in central Illinois. Small diameter woody debris logs (5-cm diameter x 0.75-m long) of three successive decomposition classes (fresh, intermediate, and rotten) were placed in the floodplain for a period of 1.5 years. By incorporating a chronosequential design that extended the time frame to about 3.5 yr, the decomposition coefficient (k) of sample logs was estimated at 0.089 yr super(-1) with a half-life of 7.8 years. Mass loss by microbial activity and leaching was estimated at 90%, whereas fragmentation accounted for 10%. Nutrient analysis of the logs indicated that P and K seemed to be released, whereas N, Ca, and Mg were immobilized. Overall, Ca and N were found in significantly higher concentrations than other nutrients (Ca> N>> K> Mg> P). Because small diameter woody debris has limited quantities of nutrients and a long residence time, its role in this mature forested wetland does not seem to be a nutrient reservoir but rather a long-term organic matter storage pool. JF - Wetlands AU - Chueng, N AU - Brown, S AD - U.S. E.P.A. 200 Southwest 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 232 EP - 241 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0277-5212, 0277-5212 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - nutrient availability KW - decomposition KW - wetlands KW - USA, Illinois KW - Acer saccharinum KW - D 04640:Other angiosperms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17016420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wetlands&rft.atitle=Decomposition+of+silver+maple+%28Acer+saccharinum+L.%29+woody+debris+in+a+central+Illinois+bottomland+forest&rft.au=Chueng%2C+N%3BBrown%2C+S&rft.aulast=Chueng&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=232&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Wetlands&rft.issn=02775212&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Acer saccharinum; USA, Illinois; decomposition; wetlands; nutrient availability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of increased solar ultraviolet radiation on biogeochemical cycles AN - 17011565; 3848713 AB - Increases in solar UV radiation could affect terrestrial and aquatic biogeochemical cycles thus altering both sources and sinks of greenhouse and chemically-important trace gases (e.g., carbon dioxide (CO sub(2)), carbon monoxide (CO), carbonyl sulfide (COS)). In terrestrial ecosystems, increased UV-B could modify both the production and decomposition of plant matter with concomitant changes in the uptake and release of atmospherically-important trace gases. Decomposition processes can be accelerated when UV-B photodegrades surface litter, or retarded when the dominant effect involves changes in the chemical composition of living tissues that reduce the biodegradability of buried litter. These changes in decomposition can affect microbial production of carbon dioxide and other trace gases, and also may affect the availability of nutrients essential for plant growth. Primary production can be reduced by enhanced UV-B, but the effect is variable between species and even cultivars of some crops. Likewise, the effects of enhanced UV-B on photoproduction of CO from plant matter is species dependent and occurs more efficiently from dead than living matter. Aquatic ecosystem studies in several different locations have shown that reductions in current levels of solar UV-B result in enhanced primary production, and Antarctic experiments under the ozone hole demonstrated that primary production is inhibited by enhanced UV-B. In addition to its effects on primary production, solar UV radiation can reduce bacterioplankton growth in the upper ocean with potentially important effects on marine biogeochemical cycles. Decomposition processes can be retarded when bacterial activity is suppressed by enhanced UV-B radiation or stimulated when solar UV radiation photodegrades aquatic dissolved organic matter (DOM). Photodegradation of DOM results in loss of UV absorption and formation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), CO, and organic substrates that are readily mineralized or taken up by aquatic microorganisms. The marine sulfur cycle may be affected by UV-B radiation resulting in possible changes in the sea-to-air emissions of COS and dimethylsulfide (DMS), two gases that are degraded to sulfate aerosols in the stratosphere and troposphere, respectively. JF - Ambio. Stockholm AU - Zepp, R G AU - Callaghan, T V AU - Erickson, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 960 College Stn. Rd., Athens, GA 30605-2720, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 181 EP - 187 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0044-7447, 0044-7447 KW - U.V. radiation KW - aquatic microorganisms KW - decomposition KW - light effects KW - soil microorganisms KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Oceanic Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Ecology Abstracts KW - photosynthesis KW - biogeochemistry KW - Freshwater KW - Marine KW - biodegradation KW - Brackish KW - primary production KW - solar radiation KW - A 01047:General KW - O 4090:Conservation and Environmental Protection KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q2 09183:Physics and chemistry KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17011565?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ambio.+Stockholm&rft.atitle=Effects+of+increased+solar+ultraviolet+radiation+on+biogeochemical+cycles&rft.au=Zepp%2C+R+G%3BCallaghan%2C+T+V%3BErickson%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Zepp&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ambio.+Stockholm&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - light effects; biodegradation; photosynthesis; biogeochemistry; solar radiation; primary production; ultraviolet radiation; aquatic microorganisms; U.V. radiation; soil microorganisms; decomposition; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis of VOCs in ambient air using multisorbent packings for VOC accumulation and sample drying AN - 17010546; 3848804 AB - Solid multisorbent packings have been characterized for trapping and release efficiency of trace (10-20 ppbv in humidified zero air) volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The use of a two-stage trapping system reduces sample water content typically by more than 95.5% while maintaining a trapping and release efficiency of 100% for 49 VOCs, including eight water-soluble VOCs. Three combinations of primary tube and focusing tube are examined in detail by using an atomic emission detector to monitor hydrogen as an indication of residual water vapor, and to monitor either chlorine, bromine, or carbon for target VOCs. Linearity of response to individual VOCs, the presence of artifacts, and a laboratory monitoring application are also discussed. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - McClenny, WA AU - Oliver, K D AU - Daughtrey, EH Jr AD - Atmospheric Res. and Exposure Assessment Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 792 EP - 800 VL - 45 IS - 10 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution monitoring KW - volatile organic compounds KW - air sampling KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17010546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+VOCs+in+ambient+air+using+multisorbent+packings+for+VOC+accumulation+and+sample+drying&rft.au=McClenny%2C+WA%3BOliver%2C+K+D%3BDaughtrey%2C+EH+Jr&rft.aulast=McClenny&rft.aufirst=WA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=792&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - volatile organic compounds; air sampling; pollution monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EMAP-wetlands: A sampling design with global application AN - 17010523; 3847061 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) in 1988. The wetland component (EMAP-Wetlands) is designed to provide quantitative assessments of the current status and long-term trends in the ecological condition of wetland resources. EMAP-Wetlands will develop a wetland monitoring network and will identify and evaluate indicators that describe and quantify wetland condition. The EMAP-Wetlands network will represent a probability sample of the total wetland resource. The EMAP sample is based on a triangular grid of approximately 12,600 sample points in the conterminous U.S. The triangular grid adequately samples wetland resources that are common and uniformly distributed in a region, such as the prairie pothole wetlands of the Midwest. However, the design is flexible and allows the base grid density to be increased to adequately sample wetland resources, such as the coastal wetlands of the Gulf of Mexico, which are distributed linearly along the coast. The Gulf sample network required a 49-fold increase in base grid density. EMAP-Wetlands aggregates the 56 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (FWS) National Wetland Inventory (NWI) categories (Cowardin et al. 1979) into 12 functionally similar groups (Leibowitz et al. 1991). Both the EMAP sample design and aggregated wetland classes are suitable for global inventory and assessment of wetlands. JF - Vegetatio AU - Novitzki, R P AD - Man Tech Environ. Technol., Inc., US EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97330, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 171 EP - 184 VL - 118 IS - 1-2 SN - 0042-3106, 0042-3106 KW - biological sampling KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - mapping KW - Freshwater KW - nature conservation KW - USA KW - environmental monitoring KW - wetlands KW - sampling KW - classification KW - classification systems KW - Q5 08523:Conservation, wildlife management and recreation KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - D 04200:Wetlands UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17010523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Vegetatio&rft.atitle=EMAP-wetlands%3A+A+sampling+design+with+global+application&rft.au=Novitzki%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Novitzki&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=118&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Vegetatio&rft.issn=00423106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nature conservation; environmental monitoring; biological sampling; sampling; wetlands; classification; mapping; classification systems; USA; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling distribution system water quality: Regulatory implications AN - 17009049; 3842560 AB - Passage of the Safe Drinking Water Act in 1974 and its Amendments in 1986 (SDWAA) is changing the way water is treated and delivered in the United States. Under the SDWAA the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is required to regulate chemical contaminants and pathogenic microorganisms in drinking water. Emphasis has shifted from a primary concern with treated drinking water to attainment of standards at the point of consumption. Two regulations promulgated under the SDWAA, the Surface Water Treatment Rule (SWTR) and the Total Coliform Rule (TCR) specify treatment and monitoring requirements that must be met by all public water suppliers. This paper will examine the effect of various system variables on chlorine residual propagation. A recently proposed model (EPANET) will be utilized to examine the extent of fluid velocity and pipe radius on chlorine demand. The effect of these variables on the maintenance of chlorine residuals will be demonstrated. It will be shown that the same variables that affect the propagation of chlorine residual levels can potentially affect disinfection efficacy and the formation of disinfection by-products. JF - Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management AU - Clark, R M AU - Rossman, LA AU - Wymer, L J AD - Drinking Water Res. Div., RREL, U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 423 EP - 428 VL - 121 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9496, 0733-9496 KW - water distribution KW - water quality standards KW - regulations KW - chlorine KW - Safe Drinking Water Act KW - federal regulations KW - government policy KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - drinking water KW - legislation KW - pipes KW - USA KW - disinfection KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - SW 4050:Water law and institutions UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17009049?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.atitle=Modeling+distribution+system+water+quality%3A+Regulatory+implications&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BRossman%2C+LA%3BWymer%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=423&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Water+Resources+Planning+and+Management&rft.issn=07339496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water distribution; water quality standards; drinking water; regulations; legislation; chlorine; disinfection; pipes; water quality; USA; Safe Drinking Water Act; federal regulations; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photothermal destruction of the vapor of organic compounds AN - 17008072; 3849059 AB - The results of thermal and photothermal destruction of the vapors of organic compounds were compared by conducting tests in a photothermal detoxification unit. A xenon arc lamp was used as the irradiation source. The tests were conducted on trichloroethylene (TCE), 1,2-dichlorobenzene (DCB), and a mixture of benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and m-xylene (BTEX). These materials represent various types of common pollutants at contaminated sites. The results showed that both TCE and DCB can be destroyed photothermally at much lower temperatures than in a pure thermal process. The photothermal effect of xenon arc radiation on BTEX was also clearly shown for all components except benzene; the effect was not as great as that on the chlorinated compounds. Carbon tetrachloride from TCE was the only significant product of incomplete conversion observed in all experiments. The absorption spectra of these six compounds were taken at various temperatures using a custom-built high-temperature absorption spectrophotometer. The absorption strength, rate of photon absorption, and photothermal quantum yields of these six compounds all increased with temperature. The predicted radiant intensities of the mercury arc lamp and the predicted temperatures of the reactor for the complete mineralization of TCE, DCB and toluene were estimated using a mathematical model. The results showed that a mercury arc lamp with relatively low radiant intensity is capable of destroying 99% of various categories of organic pollutants at moderate temperatures. This makes the process ideal for non-combustion on-site destruction of the off-gas from remediation technologies such as soil vapor extraction, thermal desorption and air stripping. JF - Waste Management AU - Chen, C T AU - Graham, J L AU - Dellinger, B AD - Releases Control Branch, U.S. EPA, Bldg. 10 (MS-104), 2890 Woodbridge Ave., Edison, NJ 08837-3679, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 159 EP - 170 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0956-053X, 0956-053X KW - trichloroethylene KW - 1,2-dichlorobenzene KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - irradiation KW - temperature KW - waste management KW - absorption KW - photodegradation KW - organic compounds KW - vapors KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17008072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Waste+Management&rft.atitle=Photothermal+destruction+of+the+vapor+of+organic+compounds&rft.au=Chen%2C+C+T%3BGraham%2C+J+L%3BDellinger%2C+B&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=159&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Waste+Management&rft.issn=0956053X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic compounds; vapors; photodegradation; temperature; absorption; waste management; irradiation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic models: Mathematical fundamentals and simulation implementations AN - 17007522; 3842179 AB - This review paper gives an overview of the building blocks of physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models and their implementation using computer facilities. The approach focuses on the development of a PBPK model with the most important and appropriate limiting steps for the conditions and exposure scenarios under study. In this approach, the assumptions made in constructing the set of equations, as well as the fitting of variables to specific experimental results, need to be accounted for when making extrapolation to other conditions. A well-constructed PBPK model should account for all possible ranges of extrapolation from the development stages so that appropriate experimental studies and assumptions can be designed to handle the intended applications. Two common assumptions are revisited: the flow-limited assumption and the metabolic clearance using Michaelis-Menten kinetics assumption. Computer hardware and software requirements for implementing PBPK models are briefly reviewed. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Hoang, Kim-Chi T AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Cent. Environ. Assess., 401 M St., S.W., Washington, DC 20460, USA A2 - Wilson, JD A2 - Cibulas, W A2 - DeRosa, CT A2 - Mumtaz, MM A2 - Murray, E (eds) Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 99 EP - 106 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - reviews KW - computer applications KW - mathematical models KW - pharmacokinetics KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17007522?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/Toxicology+Abstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=Hoang%2C+Kim-Chi+T&rft.aulast=Hoang&rft.aufirst=Kim-Chi&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+models%3A+Mathematical+fundamentals+and+simulation+implementations&rft.title=Physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+models%3A+Mathematical+fundamentals+and+simulation+implementations&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mathematical models; pharmacokinetics; computer applications; reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concentrations and phase distributions of nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient air AN - 17002168; 3827760 AB - The concentrations of nitrated and oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in ambient air, both in the vapor phase and adsorbed on airborne particles, were measured over a 12-month period in Houston, Texas. Seasonal variations in the levels of the target compounds were weakly related to changes in ambient temperature, but more strongly related to fluctuations in the levels of ozone (O sub(3)), nitrogen dioxide (NO sub(2)), and other oxides of nitrogen (NO sub(x)). Phase distributions of the target compounds were determined by the denuder difference method. These phase distributions varied greatly over 12 months and were related to the molecular sizes, hence vapor pressures, of the compounds, but few significant associations were found between the percentages of compounds present in the vapor phase and ambient temperatures. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Wilson, N K AU - McCurdy, T R AU - Chuang, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Exposure Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2575 EP - 2584 VL - 29 IS - 19 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ozone KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - nitrogen oxides KW - seasonal variations KW - air sampling KW - nitrogen dioxide KW - USA, Texas, Houston KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17002168?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Concentrations+and+phase+distributions+of+nitrated+and+oxygenated+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+ambient+air&rft.au=Wilson%2C+N+K%3BMcCurdy%2C+T+R%3BChuang%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=2575&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Texas, Houston; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; seasonal variations; air sampling; ozone; nitrogen dioxide; nitrogen oxides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contaminant levels in harbor seals from the northeastern United States AN - 17001590; 3837974 AB - The concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDF), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), and mercury (Hg) were determined in blubber and liver tissues of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) collected along the northeast coast of the U.S. Average PCB concentrations in seal blubber (sum of congeners) were 12.0 mu g/g (wet weight) with a range of 7.30 to 24.3 mu g/g in 1980 and 6.66 mu g/g (wet weight) with a range of 2.61 to 11.3 mu g/g in 1990-1992. Comparisons between blubber data from this study and previous work indicated that the concentration of PCBs along the northeast coast of the U.S. may have decreased over the past twenty years. The average p,p'-DDE concentrations in seal blubber were 10.9 mu g/g (wet weight) in 1980 with a range of 6.95 to 21.9 mu g/g and 4.12 mu g/g (wet weight) with a range of 1.83 to 7.84 mu g/g in 1990-1992. Only trace amounts of PCDFs and PCDDs were found in a few blubber samples; levels in most tissues were below detection (3-5 pg/g) (wet weight). Trace amounts (<30 ng/g) of phenanthracene, anthracene, and alkylated MW-178 compounds were found in some seal samples; all other PAH compounds were below the detection level (5-15 ng/g). Toxic equivalents (TEQ) of selected coplanar and mono-ortho PCB congeners and relative toxic equivalents (RTE) (pg total TEQ/ mu g total PCB) were calculated, using recently proposed dioxin toxic equivalent factors (Ahlborg et al. 1994). The TEQs ranged from 41 to 315, and the RTEs ranged from 2.25 to 16.3. The RTEs for seal blubber indicated that the present values were in the midrange of those reported in the literature. Toxic equivalents calculated on the basis of the concentrations of the coplanar PCBs, PCDDs, and PCDFs indicated that coplanar PCBs, rather than PCDDs and PCDFs, may pose a more important toxic threat to harbor seals. Mercury levels in liver tissue averaged 70.0 mu g/g (wet weight) and 44.1 mu g/g (wet weight) in the 1991 and 1980 samples, respectively, and are similar to those found in relatively polluted waters of the British Isles. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Lake, CA AU - Lake, J L AU - Haebler, R AU - McKinney, R AU - Boothman, W S AU - Sadove, S S AD - Sci. Appl. Int. Corp., c/o U.S. EPA, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 128 EP - 134 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - PCDD KW - PCDF KW - Phoca vitulina KW - bioindicators KW - indicator species KW - marine mammals KW - marine pollution KW - mercury KW - pesticides (organochlorine) KW - pollution effects KW - pollution indicators KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxins KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - seals KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - USA, Northeast KW - bioaccumulation KW - ANW, USA KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - pesticides KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - D 04802:Pollution characteristics and fate KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17001590?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Contaminant+levels+in+harbor+seals+from+the+northeastern+United+States&rft.au=Lake%2C+CA%3BLake%2C+J+L%3BHaebler%2C+R%3BMcKinney%2C+R%3BBoothman%2C+W+S%3BSadove%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=128&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; pollution indicators; indicator species; marine pollution; marine mammals; pollution effects; pesticides; water pollution; PCB; bioaccumulation; mercury; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; PCDF; bioindicators; PCB compounds; PCDD; seals; polychlorinated biphenyls; Phoca vitulina; ANW, USA; USA, Northeast; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of the bacteriological quality of compost from a yard waste processing facility AN - 17001030; 3840141 AB - Citizen concern over possible pathogenic microorganism contamination in compost and in a runoff collection pond prompted a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) investigation. One out of eight samples collected from the distribution pile at a yard waste compost processing facility in Knoxville, Tennessee, was found to have 2.3 x 10 super(3) MPN/g fecal coliform, no Escherichia coli (E. coli) were detected. All other distribution pile samples proved to be negative for fecal coliform. The geometric mean of the eight samples was found to be less than 38 MPN/g, well below the 1,000 MPN/g limit for land application of class A municipal sludges treated by an acceptable composting process. Samples obtained from the processing pile area before and after shredding had an average fecal coliform density of greater than 5.0 x 10 super(5) MPN/g, and an average E. coli density of 6.0 x 10 super(4) or 7.4 x 10 super(4) MPN/g depending upon the analytical technique used. The origin of these microorganisms was not determined, though it appears unlikely that on-site contamination is responsible for these observations. Information from fecal coliform research in Canada, Hawaii, and the northeastern U.S. suggests that the fecal coliform levels observed in unprocessed yard wastes may represent normal background flora. JF - Compost Science & Utilization AU - Meckes, M C AU - Rice, E W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Rock, S AD - U.S. EPA Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 6 EP - 13 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1065-657X, 1065-657X KW - yard wastes KW - compost KW - USA, Tennessee, Knoxville KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Pollution Abstracts KW - coliforms KW - pathogens KW - runoff KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17001030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Compost+Science+%26+Utilization&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+the+bacteriological+quality+of+compost+from+a+yard+waste+processing+facility&rft.au=Meckes%2C+M+C%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BRock%2C+S&rft.aulast=Meckes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Compost+Science+%26+Utilization&rft.issn=1065657X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - yard wastes; compost; pathogens; coliforms; runoff ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of a laboratory method for estimation of hydrogen chloride emission potential of incinerator feed materials AN - 17000235; 3827740 AB - A laboratory method was developed to provide an estimate of the amount of hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas formed during waste incineration. The method involves heating the waste sample to 900 degree C in a tube furnace, removing particles from the resulting gases by filtration, collecting HCl gas in a water-filled impinger, and measuring the collected HCl as chloride using ion chromatography. The original goal of this project was to develop and evaluate a method that would allow determining, in the laboratory, the amount of HCl formed upon full-scale incineration of a given hazardous waste feed material. Although the laboratory equipment and procedures performed as designed, the data show that results are very sensitive to materials of construction of the furnace zone, availability of hydrogen, and probably other factors that are difficult to translate accurately from laboratory to full-scale equipment. This paper describes the test method developed, the evaluation experiments performed, and the basis for the conclusion that the method is not applicable to accurate prediction of hydrogen chloride emissions from hazardous waste incinerators. JF - Hazardous Waste & Hazardous Materials AU - Johnson, L D AU - Fuerst, R G AU - Logan, T J AU - Midgett, M R AU - Peterson, M R AU - Albritton, J AU - Jayanty, RKM AD - Source Methods Res. Branch, Methods Res. and Dev. Div., Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assess. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 61 EP - 70 VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0882-5696, 0882-5696 KW - hydrogen chloride KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - emission measurements KW - incineration KW - hazardous wastes KW - H SE3.23:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17000235?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hazardous+Waste+%26+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Development+of+a+laboratory+method+for+estimation+of+hydrogen+chloride+emission+potential+of+incinerator+feed+materials&rft.au=Johnson%2C+L+D%3BFuerst%2C+R+G%3BLogan%2C+T+J%3BMidgett%2C+M+R%3BPeterson%2C+M+R%3BAlbritton%2C+J%3BJayanty%2C+RKM&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=61&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hazardous+Waste+%26+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=08825696&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hazardous wastes; incineration; emission measurements ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Formation of indigo and related compounds from indolecarboxylic acids by aromatic acid-degrading bacteria: Chromogenic reactions for cloning genes encoding dioxygenases that act on aromatic acids AN - 16997350; 3832235 AB - The p-cumate-degrading strain Pseudomonas putida F1 and the m- and p-toluate-degrading strain P. putida mt-2 transform indole-2-carboxylate and indole-3-carboxylate to colored products identified here as indigo, indirubin, and isatin. A mechanism by which these products could be formed spontaneously following dioxygenase-catalyzed dihydroxylation of the indolecarboxylates is proposed. Indolecarboxylates were employed as chromogenic substrates for identifying recombinant bacteria carrying genes encoding p-cumate dioxygenase and toluate dioxygenase. Dioxygenase gene-carrying bacteria could be readily distinguished as dark green-blue colonies among other colorless recombinant Escherichia coli colonies on selective agar plates containing either indole-2-carboxylate or indole-3-carboxylate. JF - Journal of Bacteriology AU - Eaton, R W AU - Chapman, P J AD - Gulf Ecol. Div., Natl. Health Environ. Effects Res. Lab. U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 6983 EP - 6988 VL - 177 IS - 23 SN - 0021-9193, 0021-9193 KW - indigo KW - dioxygenase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - degradation KW - aromatic compounds KW - Escherichia coli KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16997350?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.atitle=Formation+of+indigo+and+related+compounds+from+indolecarboxylic+acids+by+aromatic+acid-degrading+bacteria%3A+Chromogenic+reactions+for+cloning+genes+encoding+dioxygenases+that+act+on+aromatic+acids&rft.au=Eaton%2C+R+W%3BChapman%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=177&rft.issue=23&rft.spage=6983&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Bacteriology&rft.issn=00219193&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pseudomonas putida; Escherichia coli; aromatic compounds; degradation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of water quality and primary productivity in Perdido Bay, a northern Gulf of Mexico estuary AN - 16995872; 3843299 AB - Perdido Bay is a shallow estuarine system of approximately 130 km super(2) with three major freshwater inputs. On a seasonal basis the productivity and chlorophyll a concentration of phytoplankton in Perdido Bay are controlled by temperature. One input, Eleven Mile Creek, is influenced by a paper mill discharge. Eleven Mile Creek exhibits high levels of light attenuation, high concentrations of dissolved nutrients, and low rates of carbon fixation that are significantly different from the other inputs or areas of Perdido Bay and productivity in Eleven Mile Creek is light limited. Upper Perdido Bay had slightly elevated concentrations of dissolved nutrients which correlate with significantly higher rates of carbon fixation and phytoplankton biomass. Nutrients and color from Eleven Mile Creek are diluted by the Perdido River inflow, restricting nutrient and light limitations to the area at the mouth of Eleven Mile Creek. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Macauley, J M AU - Engle, V D AU - Summers, J K AU - Clark, J R AU - Flemer, DA AD - U.S. EPA, Sabine Isl., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 191 EP - 205 VL - 36 IS - 3 SN - 0167-6369, 0167-6369 KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Perdido Bay KW - USA, Florida, Perdido Bay KW - light penetration KW - nutrients KW - primary production KW - primary productivity KW - spatial distribution KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - phytoplankton KW - estuaries KW - eutrophication KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 0890:Estuaries KW - K 03049:Algae KW - D 04210:Coastal ecosystems KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16995872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+water+quality+and+primary+productivity+in+Perdido+Bay%2C+a+northern+Gulf+of+Mexico+estuary&rft.au=Macauley%2C+J+M%3BEngle%2C+V+D%3BSummers%2C+J+K%3BClark%2C+J+R%3BFlemer%2C+DA&rft.aulast=Macauley&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=36&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; water quality; phytoplankton; eutrophication; primary production; light penetration; nutrients; spatial distribution; primary productivity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing Brazil's carbon budget: I. Biotic carbon pools AN - 16995559; 3829038 AB - Brazil contains the world's largest expanse of tropical forest, but its forests are experiencing high levels of conversion to other uses. There is concern that releases of CO sub(2) and other greenhouse gases resulting from deforestation will contribute to global climate change. The total amount of C that could be released by deforestation depends upon the amount currently contained in the terrestrial biota and soils. Knowledge of the areas of Brazil's major ecosystems and land use types and their C densities was used to estimate the total amount of C stored in vegetation, litter and coarse woody debris, and soils. The total estimated C pools were (58-81) x 10 super(9) Mg C in vegetation, (6-9) x 10 super(9) Mg C in litter and coarse woody debris, and about 72 x 10 super(9) Mg C in soil. Over 80% of the vegetation pool was contained in the closed tropical moist forests of Brazil. JF - Forest Ecology and Management AU - Schroeder, P E AU - Winjum, J K AD - ManTech Environ. Res. Serv. Corp., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 77 EP - 86 VL - 75 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-1127, 0378-1127 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - forests KW - ecosystem analysis KW - nutrient reserves KW - Brazil KW - environmental changes KW - carbon cycle KW - climatic changes KW - D 04126:Tropical forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16995559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.atitle=Assessing+Brazil%27s+carbon+budget%3A+I.+Biotic+carbon+pools&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+P+E%3BWinjum%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Forest+Ecology+and+Management&rft.issn=03781127&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Brazil; ecosystem analysis; carbon cycle; nutrient reserves; environmental changes; climatic changes; forests ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil organic matter: Distribution, genesis, and management to reduce greenhouse gas emissions AN - 16993961; 3843742 AB - In this paper we describe the accumulation of soil organic matter (SOM) during pedogenesis and the processes that can lead to the emission of greenhouse gases (CO sub(2), CH sub(4), N sub(2)O) to the atmosphere via SOM decomposition and dentrification. We discuss the role of management on SOM accumulation and loss, and the potential for controlling emission of comsumption of greenhouse gases by soils. We conclude that under current climate conditions there are global scale opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from soils and increase the indirect sequestration of greenhouse gases in soils through improved soil management. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Johnson, M G AU - Levine, E R AU - Kern, J S AD - ManTech Environ. Technol. Inc., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 593 EP - 615 VL - 82 IS - 3-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - denitrification KW - greenhouse effect KW - organic matter KW - bioaccumulation KW - soil KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16993961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Soil+organic+matter%3A+Distribution%2C+genesis%2C+and+management+to+reduce+greenhouse+gas+emissions&rft.au=Johnson%2C+M+G%3BLevine%2C+E+R%3BKern%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=593&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - organic matter; greenhouse effect; denitrification; soil; bioaccumulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Structure and organic matter dynamics of a human-impacted pine forest in a MAB reserve of subtropical China AN - 16992714; 3828996 AB - A common practice by rural people in China is to harvest litter and understory from forests to meet their fuel needs. Our study was to determine the impact of this practice occurring for over 40 yr, on the storages and flows of organic matter in a native pine forest in the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve. This forest was established to rehabilitate severely degraded lands, and trees were not allowed to be harvested but understory plants and litter were harvested. Despite the initial condition of the site, its relatively young state, and the continued removal of understory plants and litter, there was total of 45 plant species in the study site. The total standing stock of organic matter was 135 Mg ha super(-1) with about 60 percent in the trees and 28 percent in the top 10 cm of soil. Understory and litter, the two components harvested, were about 4 percent of the total standing stock. Total aboveground biomass production was 8.4 Mg ha super(-1) yr super(-1), with about 45 percent contributed by the understory. The average annual amount of litter and understory harvested (3.3 Mg ha super(-1)) was 55 percent of the annual production. Compared with adjacent similar-aged broadleaf and mixed pine-broadleaf forests and other tropical pine forests where organic materials were not harvested, our site had less structural complexity and was cycling organic matter more slowly than its potential. Harvesting the net production of trees, with a replanting program, coupled with litter removal only provided the same quantity of organic matter, but was proposed as a more efficient method of fuel production because it would allow the soil organic matter, soil fertility, and tree regeneration to improve, while at the same time provide a higher quality fuel and reduce the time expended by women in fuel gathering. JF - Biotropica AU - Brown, S AU - Lenart, M AU - Mo, Jiangming AU - Kong, Guohui AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 276 EP - 289 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3606, 0006-3606 KW - China KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - nutrient dynamics KW - forest management KW - harvesting KW - Pinus massoniana KW - D 04126:Tropical forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16992714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotropica&rft.atitle=Structure+and+organic+matter+dynamics+of+a+human-impacted+pine+forest+in+a+MAB+reserve+of+subtropical+China&rft.au=Brown%2C+S%3BLenart%2C+M%3BMo%2C+Jiangming%3BKong%2C+Guohui&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=276&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotropica&rft.issn=00063606&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus massoniana; forest management; nutrient dynamics; harvesting ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Identification of algae which interfere with the detection of Giardia cysts and Cryptosporidium oocysts and a method for alleviating this interference AN - 16991325; 3823998 AB - Fifty-four algal species were tested for cross-reaction in the American Society for Testing and Materials Giardia/Cryptosporidium indirect immunofluorescence assay, and 24 showed some degree of fluorescence. Two species, Navicula minima and Synechococcus elongatus, exhibited a bright apple green fluorescence. The addition of goat serum to the assay mixture blocked the fluorescence of most nontarget organisms tested and also decreased the background fluorescence. Goat serum did not interfere with the fluorescence of Giardia cysts or Cryptosporidium oocysts or the identification of cyst and oocyst internal structures. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Rodgers, M R AU - Flanigan, D J AU - Jakubowski, W AD - Natl. Exposure Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 3759 EP - 3763 VL - 61 IS - 10 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Navicula minima KW - Synechococcus elongatus KW - analytical techniques KW - assay KW - cysts KW - detection KW - fluorescence microscopy KW - human diseases KW - identification KW - oocysts KW - protozoan diseases KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; ASFA Marine Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - Freshwater KW - algae KW - pathogens KW - Giardia KW - protozoa KW - Cryptosporidium KW - water analysis KW - public health KW - Q1 08221:General KW - Q4 27180:Microalgae KW - Q1 08201:General KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - K 03093:Viruses & bacteria of microorganisms KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16991325?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Identification+of+algae+which+interfere+with+the+detection+of+Giardia+cysts+and+Cryptosporidium+oocysts+and+a+method+for+alleviating+this+interference&rft.au=Rodgers%2C+M+R%3BFlanigan%2C+D+J%3BJakubowski%2C+W&rft.aulast=Rodgers&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=3759&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detection; cysts; fluorescence microscopy; human diseases; identification; analytical techniques; protozoan diseases; water analysis; pathogens; algae; public health; protozoa; oocysts; Giardia; assay; Cryptosporidium; Synechococcus elongatus; Navicula minima; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicological and chemical evaluation of emissions from carpet samples AN - 16989018; 3820763 AB - This study investigated findings that the off-gassing of certain carpets caused sensory and pulmonary irritation, changes in neurobehavioral signs, and death in exposed mice. Two standard test method measures-one for estimating sensory irritancy (ASTM-E981-84), the other for evaluating the neurotoxic potential of chemicals (functional observational battery)-were coupled with a postmortem assessment to ascertain the mechanism of toxicity. The postmortem evaluation included measurements of hemoglobin, serum clinical chemistries, blood and lung lavage white cell counts and differential, organ weights, and a gross necropsy with a microscopic evaluation of all major organs. The study evaluated three treatment groups composed of two preheated carpet emission exposures and one preheated air-control exposure. No toxic effects were associated with exposure to the off-gassing of the two tested carpets. Clinical chemistry and histopathological alterations were observed with exposure to either filter-air or carpet when compared to nonexposed unrestrained control mice, indicating that the exposure procedure caused significant effects unrelated to carpet emissions. A detailed chemical and microbial evaluation of the carpets and carpet emissions showed volatile organic compounds, pesticide residues, and microbiological flora, but at insufficient quantities to result in acute toxicity. Based on this assessment, there was no indication that exposure to emissions from these two carpets poses a serious health risk. JF - American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal AU - Tepper, J S AU - Moser, V C AU - Costa, D L AU - Mason, MA AU - Roache, N AU - Guo, Z AU - Dyer, R S AD - Pulmonary Toxicol. Branch, Environ. Toxicol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 158 EP - 170 VL - 56 IS - 2 SN - 0002-8894, 0002-8894 KW - emissions KW - carpets KW - household products KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - neurotoxicity KW - chemicals KW - fumes KW - microbiology KW - X 24140:Cosmetics, toiletries & household products KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16989018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.atitle=Toxicological+and+chemical+evaluation+of+emissions+from+carpet+samples&rft.au=Tepper%2C+J+S%3BMoser%2C+V+C%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BMason%2C+MA%3BRoache%2C+N%3BGuo%2C+Z%3BDyer%2C+R+S&rft.aulast=Tepper&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=158&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Industrial+Hygiene+Association+Journal&rft.issn=00028894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; emissions; chemicals; toxicity testing; microbiology; fumes; carpets; household products ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Background and overview of current sediment toxicity identification evaluation procedures AN - 16988415; 3831589 AB - Laboratory bioassays can provide an integrated assessment of the potential toxicity of contaminated sediments to aquatic organisms; however, toxicity as a sole endpoint is not particularly useful in terms of identifying remedial options. To focus possible remediation (e.g., source control), it is essential to know which contaminants are responsible for toxicity. Unfortunately, contaminated sediments can contain literally thousands of potentially toxic compounds. Methods which rely solely on correlation to identify contaminants responsible for toxicity are limited in several aspects: (a) actual compounds causing toxicity might not be measured, (b) concentrations of potentially toxic compounds may covary, (c) it may be difficult to assess the bioavailability of contaminants measured in a sediment, and (d) interactions may not be accounted for among potential toxicants (e.g., additivity). Toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) procedures attempt to circumvent these problems by using toxicity-based fractionation procedures to implicate specific contaminants as causative toxicants. Phase I of a TIE characterizes the general physio-chemical nature of sample toxicants. Phase II employs methods to measure toxicants via different analytical methods, and Phase III consists of techniques to confirm that the suspect toxicants identified in Phases I and II of the TIE actually are responsible for toxicity. These TIE procedures have been used to investigate the toxicity of a variety of samples, including sediments. Herein we present a brief conceptual overview of the TIE process, and discuss specific considerations associated with sediment TIE research. Points addressed include: (a) selection and preparation of appropriate test fractions, (b) use of benthic organisms for sediment TIE work, and (c) methods for the identification of common sediment contaminants. JF - Journal of Aquatic Ecosystem Stress and Recovery AU - Ankley, G T AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M K AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 133 EP - 149 VL - 4 IS - 3 SN - 0925-1014, 0925-1014 KW - bioassay KW - bioassays KW - sediment pollution KW - synergism KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - pollutants KW - Brackish KW - pollutant identification KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16988415?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Aquatic+Ecosystem+Stress+and+Recovery&rft.atitle=Background+and+overview+of+current+sediment+toxicity+identification+evaluation+procedures&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Aquatic+Ecosystem+Stress+and+Recovery&rft.issn=09251014&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity; pollutants; sediments; synergism; pollutant identification; bioassays; toxicity tests; sediment pollution; water pollution; toxicity testing; bioassay; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The national perspective AN - 16984861; 3831494 AB - The nation's clean water program is at a crossroads. For the past 20 years, we have made strongly progress toward cleaner water by controlling discharges from industries and municipalities. To maintain this progress over the next two decades, local, state and federal governments must control diffuse or "non-point" sources of pollution. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Perciasepe, R AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 48 EP - 52 VL - 7 IS - 9 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - industrial wastewater KW - nonpoint pollution sources KW - pollution control KW - storm runoff KW - stormwater runoff KW - water pollution sources KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - environmental protection KW - industrial wastes KW - USA KW - urban runoff KW - water quality control KW - water pollution KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - Q5 08505:Prevention and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16984861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=The+national+perspective&rft.au=Perciasepe%2C+R&rft.aulast=Perciasepe&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=48&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; urban runoff; water quality control; environmental protection; water pollution; pollution control; stormwater runoff; industrial wastewater; storm runoff; nonpoint pollution sources; water pollution sources; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National perspectives on groundwater quality AN - 16983260; 3817219 AB - Assessing the state of groundwater is difficult because of insufficient groundwater information and the absence of sufficient resources to track thoroughly the status and trends of groundwater quality. The information that we do have indicates that problems with groundwater quality do exist, and available data on trends indicate that we may find more problems in the future. To minimize the threat of groundwater contamination, additional emphasis and resources should be allocated to pollution prevention programs, including state WHPPs and CSGWPPs. It is important to remember, however, that contamination does not occur only on a large scale; at least as many problems can be prevented by individuals. Small-scale sources of groundwater contamination, such as the improper disposal of household chemicals or repeated or excessive application of lawn and garden pesticides, can lead to significant changes in contamination levels. Pollution prevention needs to be practiced by everyone - from corporations to individuals - to prevent further contamination of groundwater. JF - Health & Environment Digest AU - Payne, K AD - EPA Region 5, Drinking Water Sect., Chicago, IL, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 57 EP - 59 VL - 9 IS - 7 SN - 0893-6242, 0893-6242 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - water quality KW - pollution prevention KW - groundwater pollution KW - human factors KW - resource management KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16983260?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+%26+Environment+Digest&rft.atitle=National+perspectives+on+groundwater+quality&rft.au=Payne%2C+K&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+%26+Environment+Digest&rft.issn=08936242&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution prevention; groundwater pollution; water quality; resource management; human factors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient dynamics of a human-impacted pine forest in a MAB reserve of subtropical China AN - 16983136; 3828995 AB - The effects of litter and understory harvesting by local people on the nutrient cycle in a pine forest in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve (DHSBR) of subtropical China were studied by quantifying nutrient distribution, recycling, and loss in the ecosystem. The total nutrient standing stocks were estimated to be 2066 kg ha super(-1) for N, 282 kg ha super(-1) for P, 541 kg ha super(-1) for K, 491 kg ha super(-1) for Ca, and 151 kg ha super(-1) for Mg. Most of these nutrients were contained in the top 10 cm of soil (72 to 94%). The total quantity of nutrients in the production of litterfall and understory were: 43.5 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for N, 1.7 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for P, 16.1 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for K, 10.9 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for Ca, and 2.7 kg ha super(-1) yr super(-1) for Mg. The harvest practice removed substantial quantities of these nutrients, 44 to 73 percent of the amount in litter and understory production, a rate that appeared to exceed most nutrient inputs from atmospheric deposition. In addition to the direct removal of nutrients, the harvest practice also reduced the active soil organic matter pool thus reducing nutrient mineralization and soil nutrient availability. An alternative system of tree harvest and replanting, combined with litter removal only, was proposed that reduced by one-third or more the present nutrient removals. JF - Biotropica AU - Mo, Jiangming AU - Brown, S AU - Lenart, M AU - Kong, Guohui AD - U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 290 EP - 304 VL - 27 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3606, 0006-3606 KW - China KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - nutrient dynamics KW - forests KW - soil nutrients KW - human impact KW - Pinus massoniana KW - D 04126:Tropical forests UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16983136?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotropica&rft.atitle=Nutrient+dynamics+of+a+human-impacted+pine+forest+in+a+MAB+reserve+of+subtropical+China&rft.au=Mo%2C+Jiangming%3BBrown%2C+S%3BLenart%2C+M%3BKong%2C+Guohui&rft.aulast=Mo&rft.aufirst=Jiangming&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=290&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotropica&rft.issn=00063606&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus massoniana; forests; soil nutrients; nutrient dynamics; human impact ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methane dynamics across a tidally flooded riverbank margin AN - 16982957; 3825382 AB - The cycling of methane across the soils of the tidally flooded bank margins in the tidal freshwater portion of the White Oak River estuary, North Carolina, was investigated from October 1990 to November 1991. A comparison between these bank edges and adjacent submerged stations was made. The bank stations showed large seasonal variations in methane production rates, with very little being produced in winter and large amounts (up to 1,000 mg/m super(2)/d) during summer. This seasonality seems to be linked to the cycle of growth and senescence of vascular plants growing in these soils. In contrast, the submerged stations produced smaller amounts of methane year-round, with moderate increases during summer. Vascular plants are not rooted in these submerged sediments. Seasonal variations in methane production rates at the tidally flooded bank stations led to significant changes in the dissolved methane pool sizes. Although production rates and pore-water concentrations increased with seasonal increases in soil temperatures, the flux of methane to the atmosphere remained fairly low and variable. Methane flux varied with stage of the semidiurnal tidal cycle and exhibited a bimodal distribution, with fluxes greatest when the water level was nearest the soil surface. During summer months, methane production was up to 10 times greater than its flux to the atmosphere. This large difference between production and flux is attributed mainly to bacterially mediated methane oxidation at the soil surface during low-tide exposure and(or) in the root zone of plants. However, in midsummer, lateral export of dissolved methane from the bank soils, driven by tidal flushing, may account for almost 30% of this discrepancy between production and flux. JF - Limnology and Oceanography AU - Kelley, CA AU - Martens, D S AU - Ussler, W III AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1112 EP - 1129 VL - 40 IS - 6 SN - 1019-1185, 1019-1185 KW - USA, North Carolina, White Oak R. KW - air-water exchanges KW - chemical limnology KW - methane KW - methanogenesis KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources KW - flooding KW - Freshwater KW - tides KW - estuaries KW - limnology KW - seasonal variations KW - SW 0880:Chemical processes KW - Q2 09184:Composition of water KW - D 04210:Coastal ecosystems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16982957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.atitle=Methane+dynamics+across+a+tidally+flooded+riverbank+margin&rft.au=Kelley%2C+CA%3BMartens%2C+D+S%3BUssler%2C+W+III&rft.aulast=Kelley&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1112&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Limnology+and+Oceanography&rft.issn=10191185&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - flooding; tides; estuaries; limnology; methane; methanogenesis; chemical limnology; seasonal variations; air-water exchanges; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl cotreatment on the disposition of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in mice AN - 16982868; 3827098 AB - Two groups of C57BL/6J mice received a single oral dose of 1 nmol/kg 2,3,7,8-[ super(3)H]tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) alone or in combination with 300 mu mol/kg 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (HxCB). The disposition of TCDD in liver, fat, skin, spleen, lung and blood was studied at days 3, 7, 13 and 34 after dosage. HxCB cotreatment increased hepatic TCDD levels and, consequently, significant increases of the liver/fat distribution ratio were observed. HxCB cotreatment did not significantly affect TCDD levels in fat or other tissues. The elimination rates of TCDD were not influenced by HxCB cotreatment in any of the tissues. It is concluded that HxCB cotreatment alters the body distribution of TCDD in mice but does not influence the elimination rate of TCDD. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - De Jongh, J AU - DeVito, M AU - Diliberto, J AU - Van den Berg, M AU - Birnbaum, L AD - Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 131 EP - 137 VL - 80 IS - 1-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - mice KW - TCDD KW - HxCB KW - 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - liver KW - bioaccumulation KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16982868?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+2%2C2%27%2C4%2C4%27%2C5%2C5%27-hexachlorobiphenyl+cotreatment+on+the+disposition+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+in+mice&rft.au=De+Jongh%2C+J%3BDeVito%2C+M%3BDiliberto%2C+J%3BVan+den+Berg%2C+M%3BBirnbaum%2C+L&rft.aulast=De+Jongh&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liver; bioaccumulation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Uptake and loss of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis by Daphnia magna in laboratory exposure AN - 16981417; 3824198 AB - We determined the ingestion and loss of the spores of Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti) by a nontarget organism Daphnia magna. Daphnids were either not fed or fed during the exposure to the spores. The results showed that (a) the uptake rates with unfed and fed daphnids were approximately first-order with expect to spore concentration, and the rate constants for unfed and fed daphnids were 5.5 x 10 super(-5) and 1.4 x 10 super(-7) L/daphnid/h, respectively, and (b) unfed and fed daphnids rapidly depurated the majority of the accumulated spores, and the depuration rate constants for unfed and fed daphnids were 0.13 and 0.15/h, respectively. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Vaishnav, D D AU - Anderson, R L AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab. Duluth, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 763 EP - 766 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Bacillus thuringiensis KW - Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis KW - Daphnia magna KW - biological control KW - exposure KW - exposure tolerance KW - lethal effects KW - mortality causes KW - nontarget organisms KW - pest control KW - spores KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - laboratories KW - insecticides KW - Daphnia KW - mortality KW - X 24171:Microbial KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16981417?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Uptake+and+loss+of+Bacillus+thuringiensis+var.+israelensis+by+Daphnia+magna+in+laboratory+exposure&rft.au=Vaishnav%2C+D+D%3BAnderson%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Vaishnav&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=763&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - insecticides; spores; biological control; pest control; toxicity; exposure tolerance; mortality; mortality causes; lethal effects; laboratories; exposure; nontarget organisms; Daphnia; Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis; Bacillus thuringiensis; Daphnia magna; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A model to predict carboxyhemoglobin and pulmonary parameters after exposure to O sub(2), CO sub(2), and CO AN - 16979702; 3827131 AB - A computer-based physiological model of respiratory gas exchange, which considered variation in inhaled oxygen and carbon dioxide, was modified to include the effects of inhaled carbon monoxide. Output from the modified model consists of 60 variables, including blood, alveolar and tissue gases, ventilatory function and carboxyhemoglobin. Extensive testing demonstrated that this model produced accurate results for known problems and physiologically plausible results for situations in which the results were not empirically known. Estimates of the effects of simultaneous continuously varying exposure to carbon monoxide, oxygen and carbon dioxide cannot be practically obtained with other extant methods. The modified model receives input from two computer files containing environmental and subject physiological variables. These files allow a continuous dynamic multi-gas exposure simulation or actual exposure data profiles. Up to four outputs can be selected for plotting or stored in a file for later analysis. JF - Aviation, Space and Environmental Medicine AU - Benignus, V A AD - Hum. Stud. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Mail Drop 58, Research Triangle Park, NC 27111, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 369 EP - 374 VL - 66 IS - 4 SN - 0095-6562, 0095-6562 KW - carboxyhemoglobin KW - oxygen KW - carbon dioxide KW - carbon monoxide KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - computer applications KW - mathematical models KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16979702?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aviation%2C+Space+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.atitle=A+model+to+predict+carboxyhemoglobin+and+pulmonary+parameters+after+exposure+to+O+sub%282%29%2C+CO+sub%282%29%2C+and+CO&rft.au=Benignus%2C+V+A&rft.aulast=Benignus&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aviation%2C+Space+and+Environmental+Medicine&rft.issn=00956562&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lung; mathematical models; computer applications ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reassessment of biogenic volatile organic compound emissions in the Atlanta area AN - 16976789; 3827351 AB - Localized estimates of biogenic volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions are important inputs for photochemical oxidant simulation models. Since forest tree species are the primary emitters of BVOCs, it is important to develop reliable estimates of their areal coverage and BVOC emission rates. A new system is used to estimate these emissions in the Atlanta area for specific tree genera at hourly and county levels. The U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service Forest Inventory and Analysis data and an associated urban vegetation survey are used to estimate canopy occupancy by genus in the Atlanta area. Leaf temperature and photosynthetically active radiation derived from ambient conditions above the forest canopy are used to drive empirical equations to estimate genus level emission rates of BVOCs vertically through forest canopies. These genera-level estimates are then aggregated to county and regional levels for input into air quality models and for comparison with (1) the regulatory model currently used and (2) previous estimates for the Atlanta area by local researchers. Estimated hourly emissions from the three approaches during a documented ozone event day are compared. JF - Atmospheric Environment AU - Geron, C D AU - Pierce, TE AU - Guenther, AB AD - Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1569 EP - 1578 VL - 29 IS - 13 SN - 1352-2310, 1352-2310 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - forests KW - air quality KW - volatile organic compounds KW - emission inventories KW - USA, Georgia, Atlanta KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16976789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.atitle=Reassessment+of+biogenic+volatile+organic+compound+emissions+in+the+Atlanta+area&rft.au=Geron%2C+C+D%3BPierce%2C+TE%3BGuenther%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Geron&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=1569&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Atmospheric+Environment&rft.issn=13522310&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Georgia, Atlanta; emission inventories; volatile organic compounds; air quality; forests ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative toxicity of guthion and guthion 2S to Xenopus laevis and Pseudacris regilla tadpoles AN - 16974592; 3827968 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is developing water quality criteria for the protection of wildlife species (amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals) to expand existing criteria currently based only on fish and other aquatic life. Criteria for only a few chemicals (DDT, PCBs, mercury, selenium) include wildlife data. Water quality criteria data based on the sensitivity of amphibians to potentially hazardous chemicals in the environment are needed. The development of a water quality data base for amphibians should also take the formulation of the pesticide into consideration. Guthion (azinphosmethyl) is a widely-used organophosphate pesticide. Over 520,000 kg active ingredient (AI) were used in the United States on fruit crops and cotton in the major producing states in 1991 (USDA 1992a, 1992b). The large quantities of Guthion used in Louisiana sugar cane plantations can potentially enter surrounding wetlands and have adverse effects on commercially important crayfish populations. Similarly, direct application and associated run-off has the potential for adversely affecting non-target amphibian populations. There is little evidence to indicate Guthion would cause adverse effects through the food chain. Others suggested, however, that based on their test results and the resistance of amphibians to cholinesterase inhibitors that a number of organophosphate pesticides may be concentrated to varying degrees and thus may represent a hazard to amphibian predators. The purpose of this study was to evaluate mortality and growth in Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) and Pseudacris regilla (Pacific treefrog) tadpoles exposed to technical and formulation grades of Guthion, a representative organophosphate pesticide. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Griffis, W L AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 382 EP - 388 VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - azinphos-methyl KW - developmental stages KW - mortality causes KW - pesticides (organophosphorus) KW - water quality criteria KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - neurotoxins KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - pollution effects KW - toxicology KW - Xenopus laevis KW - mortality KW - Pseudacris regilla KW - pesticides KW - growth KW - X 24131:Acute exposure KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16974592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparative+toxicity+of+guthion+and+guthion+2S+to+Xenopus+laevis+and+Pseudacris+regilla+tadpoles&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BGriffis%2C+W+L&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=382&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; neurotoxins; toxicity; toxicology; mortality; developmental stages; mortality causes; pollution effects; pesticides; growth; water quality criteria; Xenopus laevis; Pseudacris regilla; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and implementation of multimedia and sector strategies at EPA AN - 16974485; 3817089 AB - To a great extent, national environmental policies have been heavily influenced by the statutory and organizational separation of air, water, and land issues. Mirroring trends in other fields, environmental policy is now shifting its focus toward prevention and holistic thinking. This article describes recent efforts to create coordinated multimedia, whole-facility policy-making strategies within the single-media organizational structure that exists at EPA. Past efforts to implement coordinated multimedia approaches were highly resource-intensive. Detractors often attribute inefficiency of multimedia programs (i.e., policies or programs that consider the impact of pollution on air, water, and land) to the very nature of these programs, rather than to the underlying organizational barriers that undermine such programs. Several federal and state environmental offices, recognizing the merit of and barriers to holistic environmental programs, are reorienting existing office structures to facilitate multimedia program development. This article describes how organizational barriers affect multimedia program development, how holistic thinking is changing the relationship between EPA and the regulated community, what actual organizational changes are being made to remove organizational barriers, and what new directions can be expected as a result of changes that have already been made. JF - J. ENVIRON. REGUL. AU - Barrette, MD AD - Off. Compliance, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 16 VL - 5 IS - 1 SN - 1055-758X, 1055-758X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution prevention KW - legislation KW - environmental protection KW - EPA KW - federal policies KW - government programs KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16974485?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=J.+ENVIRON.+REGUL.&rft.atitle=Design+and+implementation+of+multimedia+and+sector+strategies+at+EPA&rft.au=Barrette%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Barrette&rft.aufirst=MD&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=J.+ENVIRON.+REGUL.&rft.issn=1055758X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - EPA; pollution prevention; federal policies; government programs; legislation; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adenomas induced by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in strain A/J mouse lung correlate with time-integrated DNA adduct levels AN - 16970342; 3822692 AB - The induction of DNA adducts and adenomas in the lungs of strain A/J mice has been investigated following the single i.p. administration of each of the following polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH): pyrene, dibenz[a,h]anthracene, benzo[a]pyrene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, 5-methylchrysene, and cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene. DNA adducts were measured by super(32)P-postlabeling at times between 1 and 21 days following injection, while adenomas were counted at 240 days after treatment. Pyrene did not induce either DNA adducts or lung adenomas at any of the doses examined. Each of the remaining PAH induced both adenomas and DNA adducts in a dose-dependent manner, with dibenz[a,h]anthracene > 5-methylchrysene > cyclopenta[c,d]pyrene > benzo[a]pyrene > benzo[b]fluoranthene. DNA adducts reached maximal levels between 3 and 9 days after injection, followed by a gradual decrease. The time-integrated DNA adduct level (TIDAL) was calculated by numerically integrating the areas under the adduct persistence curves extrapolated to 240 days for each PAH at each dose level. This value represents the effective total molecular dose of PAH that was delivered to the lung DNA over the entire course of tumorigenesis. A strong correlation of lung adenoma induction with the TIDAL values was observed for each PAH. The slopes of the tumors versus TIDAL value relationships were essentially identical for 5-methylchrysene, cyclopenta[cd]pyrene, benzo[a]pyrene, and benzo[b]fluoranthene. The slope of this relationship for dibenz[a,h]anthracene was markedly greater. The essentially identical induction of adenomas as a function of TIDAL values for these PAH suggests that the formation and persistence of DNA adducts determines their carcinogenic potency. JF - Cancer Research AU - Ross, JA AU - Nelson, G B AU - Wilson, KH AU - Rabinowitz, J R AU - Galati, A AU - Stoner, G D AU - Nesnow, S AU - Mass, MJ AD - Carcinog. and Metab. Branch (MD-68), Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1039 EP - 1044 VL - 55 IS - 5 SN - 0008-5472, 0008-5472 KW - mice KW - 1,2:5,6-dibenzanthracene KW - benzo(a)pyrene KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA adducts KW - lung KW - carcinogenesis KW - adenoma KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16970342?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+Research&rft.atitle=Adenomas+induced+by+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+strain+A%2FJ+mouse+lung+correlate+with+time-integrated+DNA+adduct+levels&rft.au=Ross%2C+JA%3BNelson%2C+G+B%3BWilson%2C+KH%3BRabinowitz%2C+J+R%3BGalati%2C+A%3BStoner%2C+G+D%3BNesnow%2C+S%3BMass%2C+MJ&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1039&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+Research&rft.issn=00085472&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; lung; DNA adducts; carcinogenesis; adenoma ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils by particle beam high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry AN - 16970279; 3814292 AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) comprise a class of potentially hazardous compounds of concern to the U.S. EPA. The application of particle-beam (PB) liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to the measurement of high-molecular-weight PAHs was investigated. Instrument performance was evaluated for 16 PAHs in the molecular weight range 300-450 u. The PAHs were separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography via a polymeric octadecylsilica (C-18) packing and gradient elution with methanol-tetrahydrofuran. On-column instrument detection limits, as measured by selected ion monitoring on the singly charged molecular ion of each PAH, were found to be 0.15-0.60 ng for PAHs with molecular weights up to 352 u and 2-4 ng for PAHs with molecular weights greater than 352 u. Instrument response was generally linear for PAHs with molecular weights 300-352 u and generally nonlinear for PAHs with molecular weights greater than 352 u. The PB electron impact mass spectra of the PAHs were found to vary with the ion distribution ratio of the singly charged molecular ion to the doubly charged molecular ion, dependent on molecular weight, ion source temperature, and concentration. Analysis by PB LC-MS was applied to extracts of PAH-spiked soil and a PAH-contaminated soil from the Pacific Northwest. Target analyte concentrations in the PAH-contaminated soil ranged from 0.85 to 84 mu g/g. Quantitative estimates for nontarget PAHs also were determined. Analysis of a second soil extract from a hazardous waste site in the northeast part of the United States displayed isomeric patterns of high-molecular-weight PAHs similar to those of the Pacific Northwest extract. JF - Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry AU - Pace, C M AU - Betowski, L D AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Expos. Res. Lab., Character. Res. Div., P.O. Box 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 597 EP - 607 VL - 6 IS - 7 SN - 1044-0305, 1044-0305 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - environmental monitoring KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - high-performance liquid chromatography KW - soil KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16970279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+high-molecular-weight+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons+in+soils+by+particle+beam+high-performance+liquid+chromatography-mass+spectrometry&rft.au=Pace%2C+C+M%3BBetowski%2C+L+D&rft.aulast=Pace&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=597&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Society+for+Mass+Spectrometry&rft.issn=10440305&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; soil; high-performance liquid chromatography; risk assessment; environmental monitoring ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxic effects of neonatal triethyltin (TET) exposure are exacerbated with aging AN - 16970244; 3819551 AB - Neonatal Long-Evans rats dosed with TET (5 mg/kg; IP) or saline on postnatal day (PND) 10 were examined across the life span for neural damage and performance on spatial learning tasks. A subset of rats were sacrificed to assess early damage with Nissl-staining, Timm's histochemistry, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunohistochemistry 2, 7, or 14 days after dosing. Littermates were tested behaviorally in a T-maze spatial delayed alternation task on PND 23 or PND 90, and in a Morris water maze place learning task at 3, 12, or 24 months postdosing and then sacrificed for histological analysis. In neonatal rats, histological analysis indicated gliosis in discrete cortical regions, loss of Nissl-stained neurons in the hippocampal formation, entorhinal cortex and piriform cortex, and loss of Timm's staining in the entorhinal cortex. The behavioral assessment at PND 23 indicated a significant impairment in the T-maze. However, no significant impairments were observed in the T-maze at 3 months or the water maze at 3 or 12 months postdosing. At 24 months, TET-treated rats showed significant deficits in acquisition and retention of the water maze task compared with age-matched controls. Both groups of 24 months old rats were significantly impaired compared with young controls. At 24 months, there was a general age-related decrease in the optical density of Timm's staining in cortical regions (9%), compounded by a further decrease in the entorhinal cortex and outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus in TET treated rats (30%). These data indicate that early development exposure to an organometal resulted in morphological damage that was apparent behaviorally only during early postnatal development and with advanced aging. JF - Neurobiology of Aging AU - Barone, S Jr AU - Stanton, ME AU - Mundy, W R AD - Cell. & Mol. Neurotoxicol. Branch, Mail Drop 74-B, Natl. Health Environ. Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 723 EP - 735 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0197-4580, 0197-4580 KW - triethyltin KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - neurotoxicity KW - brain KW - maze learning KW - aging KW - X 24164:Pathology KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16970244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurobiology+of+Aging&rft.atitle=Neurotoxic+effects+of+neonatal+triethyltin+%28TET%29+exposure+are+exacerbated+with+aging&rft.au=Barone%2C+S+Jr%3BStanton%2C+ME%3BMundy%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Barone&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=723&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurobiology+of+Aging&rft.issn=01974580&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; aging; maze learning; brain ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of aluminum on neuronal signal transduction: Mechanisms underlying disruption of phos-phoinositide hydrolysis AN - 16969517; 3819552 AB - Aluminum is neurotoxic in humans and animals and alters formation of inositol phosphate (IP) second messengers following in vivo or in vitro exposure. Several components of the IP signalling system including G-proteins, phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), protein kinase C (PKC) and Ca super(2+) homeostasis are susceptible to inhibition/disruption by aluminum compounds. Recent evidence suggests that, despite its effects on other components, competitive inhibition by aluminum of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP sub(2)) hydrolysis by PI-PLC underlies its effects on agonist-stimulated IP generation. JF - General Pharmacology AU - Shafer, T J AU - Mundy, W R AD - Neurotoxicol. Div. MD-74B, Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 889 EP - 895 VL - 26 IS - 5 SN - 0306-3623, 0306-3623 KW - aluminum KW - phosphoinositides KW - phospholipase C KW - guanine nucleotide-binding protein KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - reviews KW - neurotoxicity KW - signal transduction KW - N3 11101:General KW - X 24165:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16969517?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=General+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+aluminum+on+neuronal+signal+transduction%3A+Mechanisms+underlying+disruption+of+phos-phoinositide+hydrolysis&rft.au=Shafer%2C+T+J%3BMundy%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Shafer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=889&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=General+Pharmacology&rft.issn=03063623&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; signal transduction; reviews ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of patterns of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in water, sediment, and indigenous organisms from New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts AN - 16967376; 3816012 AB - Polychlorinated biphenyl patterns were compared in samples of water, surface sediment, and the indigenous organisms ribbed mussels (Modiolus demissus), grass shrimp (Paleomonetes pugio), mummichogs (Fundulus heteroclitis), and eels (Anguilla rostrata) collected from 1991 through 1993 at two stations in the highly contaminated New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts. Principal component analysis of analytical data showed groups of points that corresponded to individual species, but little separation between stations for the same species was found. Linear correlations showed a high level of agreement between PCB patterns in samples of the exposure environment (water and sediments) and two species of organisms (ribbed mussels and mummichogs). However, due to two separate metabolic alterations of PCBs, the patterns in both shrimp and eels showed poor agreement with patterns in water and sediment. Selective enrichment factors (SEFs), the ratios of individual coplanar or mono-ortho substituted congeners to the total PCBs, were used to compare the relative abundance of congeners in samples. Due to metabolic differences, the SEFs were lower in eels and higher in shrimp than those found in Aroclor registered standards. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Lake, J L AU - McKinney, R AU - Lake, CA AU - Osterman, F A AU - Heltshe, J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 207 EP - 220 VL - 29 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - Anguilla rostrata KW - Fundulus heteroclitus KW - Modiolus demissus KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - PCBs KW - Palaemonetes pugio KW - SEFs KW - USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - aroclors KW - correlation analysis KW - eel KW - marine sediments KW - mummichogs KW - mussels KW - pollution effects KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - sediment pollution KW - shrimp KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - bioaccumulation KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - metabolism KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16967376?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+patterns+of+polychlorinated+biphenyl+congeners+in+water%2C+sediment%2C+and+indigenous+organisms+from+New+Bedford+Harbor%2C+Massachusetts&rft.au=Lake%2C+J+L%3BMcKinney%2C+R%3BLake%2C+CA%3BOsterman%2C+F+A%3BHeltshe%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lake&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - metabolism; sediment pollution; correlation analysis; pollution effects; water pollution; PCB; bioaccumulation; PCB compounds; aroclors; marine sediments; polychlorinated biphenyls; water pollution effects; eel; shrimp; mussels; Palaemonetes pugio; Fundulus heteroclitus; Modiolus demissus; Anguilla rostrata; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vehicle and route dependent effects of a pyrethroid insecticide, deltamethrin, on motor function in the rat AN - 16965023; 3812027 AB - Deltamethrin is a potent neuroactive pyrethroid insecticide. Literature reports of the in vivo potency of deltamethrin, however, vary by greater than three orders of magnitude in studies employing numerous vehicles and routes of exposure. Therefore, the present study systematically compared IP and PO routes of exposure to deltamethrin (0.3-1000 mg/kg) delivered to adult rats in one of four different vehicles (corn oil, glycerol formal, Emulphor super( registered ), or methylcellulose). A reduction in motor activity as measured in figure-8 mazes was used to index the potency of this pesticide on CNS function. Dose-effect and time-course determinations were made for each combination of vehicle and route. Results demonstrated that the potency of deltamethrin was dependent on both the route of administration and the vehicle. The ED sub(50) for deltamethrin was 5.1 mg/kg when administered PO in corn oil, whereas, the ED sub(50) was > 1000 mg/kg when administered PO in methylcellulose. Thus, reported discrepancies in the potency of deltamethrin on CNS function are at least partially attributable to route of administration and vehicle. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Crofton, K M AU - Kehn, L S AU - Gilbert, ME AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., MD-74B, Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 489 EP - 495 VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - deltamethrin KW - rats KW - pyrethroids KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - insecticides KW - locomotion KW - maze learning KW - X 24135:Biochemistry KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16965023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Vehicle+and+route+dependent+effects+of+a+pyrethroid+insecticide%2C+deltamethrin%2C+on+motor+function+in+the+rat&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BKehn%2C+L+S%3BGilbert%2C+ME&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=489&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - locomotion; maze learning; insecticides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of Escherichia coli in water using a colorimetric gene probe assay AN - 16949581; 180725 AB - A commercially available DNA hydribization assay (Gene-trak, Framingham, MA, USA) was compared with the EC-MUG procedure for the detection of Escherichia coli in water. The gene probe gave positive responses for pure cultures of E. coli, E. coli 0157:H7, E. fergusonii, Shigella sonnei, S. dysenteriae and S. boydii. The hybridization assay was capable of detecting E. coli in environmental samples and survivors among chlorine exposed cells. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part A: Environmental Science and Engineering & Toxic and Hazardous Substance Control AU - Rice, E W AU - Covert, T C AU - Johnson, SA AU - Johnson, CH AU - Reasoner, D J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1059 EP - 1067 PB - MARCEL DEKKER INC, NEW YORK, NY, (USA) VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 1077-1204, 1077-1204 KW - Chlorine KW - Environmental engineering KW - Escherichia Coli KW - Gene probe assay KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Cells KW - DNA KW - Colorimetry KW - Drinking water KW - W4 446.1:WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS KW - W4 453.2:WATER POLLUTION CONTROL KW - W4 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16949581?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering+%26+Toxic+and+Hazardous+Substance+Control&rft.atitle=Detection+of+Escherichia+coli+in+water+using+a+colorimetric+gene+probe+assay&rft.au=Rice%2C+E+W%3BCovert%2C+T+C%3BJohnson%2C+SA%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BReasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1059&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+A%3A+Environmental+Science+and+Engineering+%26+Toxic+and+Hazardous+Substance+Control&rft.issn=10771204&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Cells; DNA; Colorimetry; Drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity studies of 1,3-dichlorobenzene in Sprague-Dawley rats AN - 16907546; 3806801 AB - Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received 1,3-dichlorobenzene daily by corn oil gavage for 10 or 90 consecutive days. The 10-day study doses were 0, 37, 147, 368 and 735 mg/kg; the 90-day study doses were 0, 9, 37, 147 and 588 mg/kg. In the 10-day study, there was a significant depression of body weight in both sexes at 735 mg/kg. Liver weights were significantly increased in both sexes at 368 and 735 mg/kg. Serum cholesterol levels were significantly elevated in both sexes at 368 and 735 mg/kg. Histopathological evaluation revealed centrolobular hepatocellular degeneration at 368 mg/kg in males and 735 mg/kg in females. In the 90-day study, body weights were significantly depressed in both sexes at 588 mg/kg. Normalization of food and water consumption by final body weight indicated that at 588 mg/kg both sexes had increased food and water consumption relative to controls. Absolute and relative liver weights were significantly increased in both sexes at 147 and 588 mg/kg. Relative kidney weights were significantly higher in both sexes at 588 mg/kg and in males at 147 mg/kg. Serum cholesterol and calcium levels were significantly elevated over controls in females at 37, 147, and 588 mg/kg, and in males at all dose levels. Histopathological evaluation at 147 and/or 588 mg/kg demonstrated liver and thyroid lesions in both sexes, and pituitary and kidney lesions in males. A NOAEL was not firmly established. JF - Drug and Chemical Toxicology AU - McCauley, P T AU - Robinson, M AU - Daniel, F B AU - Olson, G R AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 201 EP - 222 VL - 18 IS - 2-3 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - rats KW - o-dichlorobenzene KW - cholesterol KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - serum levels KW - liver KW - histopathology KW - body weight KW - X 24154:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16907546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+studies+of+1%2C3-dichlorobenzene+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats&rft.au=McCauley%2C+P+T%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BOlson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=McCauley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=201&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - histopathology; liver; serum levels; body weight ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of subchronic chlorate exposure in Sprague-Dawley rats AN - 16903834; 3806802 AB - Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to drinking water containing 3.0, 12.0 or 48.0 mM sodium chlorate. The mean drinking water consumption varied between exposure groups from 100-200 ml/kg/day. Female exposure groups consistently drank more water (23-42%) than male exposure groups thereby receiving more chlorate/kg/day at every exposure level. There were no compound related deaths; however, both males and females in the high exposure groups had significant weight loss during the 90-day exposure period. Also, in these same groups females had mild but significant decreases in the following relative organ weights; adrenals, thymus and spleen, while the relative brain weight was increased. In males, the heart, kidneys and liver were mildly decreased while the brain and testes were mildly increased. Red blood cell counts and percent hematocrit were decreased in both sexes in the high dose group. Pituitary gland (pars distalis) vacuolization and thyroid gland colloid depletion were prominent in both sexes in mid and/or high dose animals. A NOAEL of 0.36 mM chlorate/kg b.w./day in males and 0.50 mM chlorate/kg b.w./day in females were established. JF - Drug and Chemical Toxicology AU - McCauley, P T AU - Robinson, M AU - Daniel, F B AU - Olson, G R AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 185 EP - 199 VL - 18 IS - 2-3 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - rats KW - sodium chlorate KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - drinking water KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16903834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+subchronic+chlorate+exposure+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats&rft.au=McCauley%2C+P+T%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BOlson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=McCauley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effects of subacute and subchronic oral exposure to cis-1,2-dichloroethylene in Sprague-Dawley rats AN - 16901336; 3806803 AB - Cis-1,2-dichloroethylene was administered daily by corn oil gavage to male and female Sprague-Dawley rats at the following dose levels: 1.0, 3.0, 10.0 and 22.0 mmol/kg/day for 14 days. Doses gavaged during the 90-day subchronic study were 0.33, 1.00,. 3.00 and 9.00 mmol/kg/day. There were no compound-related deaths or histopathological changes demonstrated. Significant increases in relative liver weights were seen after 14- and 90-days of treatment in both sexes. This study demonstrates some indication of toxicity of subacute and subchronic exposure levels as low as 0.33 mmol/kg/day. Implications of liver abnormalities were demonstrated at an exposure level of 1 mmol/kg/day while kidney abnormalities (relative weights) were demonstrated at an exposure level of 0.33 mmol/kg/day. JF - Drug and Chemical Toxicology AU - McCauley, P T AU - Robinson, M AU - Daniel, F B AU - Olson, G R AD - Environ. Monit. Syst. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 171 EP - 184 VL - 18 IS - 2-3 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - rats KW - acetylene dichloride KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - liver KW - kidney KW - oral administration KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16901336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+effects+of+subacute+and+subchronic+oral+exposure+to+cis-1%2C2-dichloroethylene+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats&rft.au=McCauley%2C+P+T%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BOlson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=McCauley&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - oral administration; liver; kidney ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of NIMBY groups in 22 sanitary landfill sitings in Illinois AN - 16898942; 3805689 AB - Illinois Senate Bill 172 (SB172), enacted in 1981, made it possible for city or county governments to approve or deny proposed sanitary landfill sites in their jurisdiction. Each of the 22 new sanitary landfill siting decisions (12 approvals, 10 denials) made under SB172 was used in a discriminant analysis to identify factors that make local political resistance to a proposed landfill site effective. It was found that county- and city-wide activist, or NIMBY, groups were able to influence local jurisdictions to deny sites, particularly in relatively populous jurisdictions, largely on the basis of groundwater quality concerns or plans for waste importation. The discriminant analysis shows that 6 of the 10 denials can be attributed to these groups, and 6 of the 12 approvals would have been denied had NIMBY groups been formed. Interests of residents that live within one mile of the proposed site, however, played an unimportant role. JF - Environmental Professional AU - Lant, C AU - Sherrill, J AD - Illinois EPA, Remedial Proj. Manage. Sect. Bur. Land, 2200 Churchill Rd., Springfield, IL 62794, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 243 EP - 250 VL - 17 IS - 3 SN - 0191-5398, 0191-5398 KW - NIMBY KW - siting criteria KW - government regulations KW - waste disposal sites KW - public concern KW - sanitary landfills KW - site selection KW - state jurisdiction KW - political aspects KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - USA, Illinois KW - landfills KW - legislation KW - waste management KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16898942?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Professional&rft.atitle=The+role+of+NIMBY+groups+in+22+sanitary+landfill+sitings+in+Illinois&rft.au=Lant%2C+C%3BSherrill%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lant&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Professional&rft.issn=01915398&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - landfills; legislation; sanitary landfills; waste management; site selection; state jurisdiction; political aspects; USA, Illinois; siting criteria; government regulations; waste disposal sites; public concern ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Waste reduction practices at two chromated copper arsenate wood-treating plants AN - 16893105; 3804486 AB - Two chromated copper arsenate (CCA) wood-treating plants were assessed for their waste reduction practices. The objectives of this study were to estimate the amount of hazardous wastes that a well-designed and well-maintained CCA treatment facility would generate and to identify waste reduction opportunities. These practices have been reflected in several areas, including facility designs, process controls, and management practices. The facility designs included enclosed treatment buildings, covered drip pads, a drip pan, an automatic lumber handling system, power rollers, computerized chemical mixing systems, spill containments, and air ventilation systems to minimize mist or droplet emissions from cylinders and work tanks. Management practices have included pretreatment quality control, improved housekeeping, resource recovery and recycling, and operator training. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Randall, P M AU - Chen, ASC AD - Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Pollut. Prev. Res. Branch, U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 404 EP - 411 VL - 45 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - chromated copper arsenate KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution prevention KW - recycling KW - wood KW - lumber industry wastes KW - waste management KW - preservatives KW - hazardous wastes KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16893105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Waste+reduction+practices+at+two+chromated+copper+arsenate+wood-treating+plants&rft.au=Randall%2C+P+M%3BChen%2C+ASC&rft.aulast=Randall&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wood; lumber industry wastes; hazardous wastes; waste management; pollution prevention; preservatives; recycling ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nontarget testing of an insect control fungus: Effects of Metarhizium anisopliae on developing embryos of the inland silverside fish Menidia beryllina AN - 16892182; 3802768 AB - Developing embryos of the inland silverside fish Menidia beryllina were exposed to conidiospores of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Several adverse effects were observed in both embryos and newly hatched larvae. These included transitory effects on the heart resulting in decreased cardiac output or circulation velocity, rupture of the chorion, fungal growth on the mandibles of larvae, focal vertebral abnormalities in larvae and teratogenic expressions in embryos and larvae. An ordinal ranking system was used to enumerate responses to conidiospores. This ranking system allowed significance to be determined by nonparametric analysis of variance. Responses were highly variable with significant (p less than or equal to 0.05) adverse effects observed in 5 of the 6 experiments conducted. Heat-killed spores failed to cause significant adverse effects indicating that viable spores were required for the adverse effects. JF - Diseases of Aquatic Organisms AU - Genthner, F J AU - Middaugh, D P AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 163 EP - 171 VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0177-5103, 0177-5103 KW - aquatic insects KW - embryonic development KW - entomopathogenic fungi KW - fish diseases KW - nontarget effects KW - nontarget organisms KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - Menidia beryllina KW - biological control KW - bioassays KW - Freshwater KW - Metarhizium anisopliae KW - fungi KW - pest control KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - K 03088:Fungi: animal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16892182?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.atitle=Nontarget+testing+of+an+insect+control+fungus%3A+Effects+of+Metarhizium+anisopliae+on+developing+embryos+of+the+inland+silverside+fish+Menidia+beryllina&rft.au=Genthner%2C+F+J%3BMiddaugh%2C+D+P&rft.aulast=Genthner&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Diseases+of+Aquatic+Organisms&rft.issn=01775103&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - embryonic development; biological control; fungi; fish diseases; pest control; bioassays; toxicity tests; aquatic insects; entomopathogenic fungi; nontarget organisms; Menidia beryllina; Metarhizium anisopliae; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Transportation-related volatile hydrocarbon source profiles measured in Atlanta AN - 16891966; 3804483 AB - Samples representative of transportation-related hydrocarbon emissions were collected as part of the 1990 Atlanta Ozone Precursor Monitoring Study. Motor vehicle emissions were sampled in canisters beside a roadway in a tunnel-like underpass during periods of heavy traffic. Airport and aircraft emissions were approximated by canister samples obtained at a major airport facility. Three octane grades of gasoline were purchased from six major vendors in Atlanta. Canister samples were prepared using these fuels to approximate the whole gasoline and gasoline vapor composition of the fuels in use during the study. All samples were analyzed by gas chromatography/flame ionization detection (GC/FID) for their hydrocarbon content. Detailed speciated hydrocarbon profiles were developed from this source sampling and analysis program for use in the Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) model. Profiles presented and discussed here represent the hydrocarbon composition of emissions from a roadway, composite headspace gasoline at two temperatures, composite whole gasoline, whole gasoline at three octane grades, and an airport. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Conner, T L AU - Lonneman, WA AU - Seila, R L AD - Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assess. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 383 EP - 394 VL - 45 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - gasoline KW - motor vehicles KW - exhaust emissions KW - transportation KW - ozone KW - airports KW - fuels KW - hydrocarbons KW - USA, Georgia, Atlanta KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16891966?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Transportation-related+volatile+hydrocarbon+source+profiles+measured+in+Atlanta&rft.au=Conner%2C+T+L%3BLonneman%2C+WA%3BSeila%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Conner&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=&rft.spage=383&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Georgia, Atlanta; hydrocarbons; transportation; exhaust emissions; airports; fuels; gasoline; ozone; motor vehicles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Off-site forensic determination of airborne elemental emissions by multi-media analysis: A case study at two secondary lead smelters AN - 16888746; 3804526 AB - A study is presented of multi-element multi-media airborne emissions via analysis of solids, soils, wipes, and glass fiber filters on and around two secondary lead smelters. Characteristic ratios of lead:antimony:arsenic were found in all of these media along with a correlated presence of cadmium and silver. The further the medium was from the plant, the less of all of these elements found while the ratio was maintained. Media downwind had higher concentrations than upwind in other directions. Conclusive forensic evidence was accumulated as to the origin and route of emission of the elements. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Kimbrough, DE AU - Suffet, I H AD - Dep. Toxic Substances Control, California EPA, Southern California Lab., 1449 W. Temple St., Los Angeles, CA 90026-5698, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2217 EP - 2221 VL - 29 IS - 9 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - lead KW - air pollution KW - smelters KW - pollution detection KW - industrial emissions KW - heavy metals KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16888746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Off-site+forensic+determination+of+airborne+elemental+emissions+by+multi-media+analysis%3A+A+case+study+at+two+secondary+lead+smelters&rft.au=Kimbrough%2C+DE%3BSuffet%2C+I+H&rft.aulast=Kimbrough&rft.aufirst=DE&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=2217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - heavy metals; lead; smelters; air pollution; pollution detection; industrial emissions ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enzymes for enhancing bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soils: A brief review AN - 16887405; 3804491 AB - During the 1950s and 1960s, hundreds of thousands of underground storage tanks (and above-ground storage tanks) containing petroleum products and hazardous chemicals were installed. Many of these tanks either have been abandoned or have exceeded their useful lives and are leaking, thereby posing a serious threat to the nation's surface and groundwater supplies, as well as to public health. Cleaning up releases of petroleum hydrocarbons or other organic chemicals in the subsurface environment is a real-world problem. This paper examines the biological treatment technology for cleaning up petroleum product-contaminated soils, with special emphasis on microbial enzyme systems for enhancing the rate of biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Classifications and functions of enzymes, as well as the microbes, in degrading the organic contaminants are discussed. In addition, the weathering effect on biodegradation, types of hydrocarbon degraders, advantages associated with enzyme use, methods of enzyme extraction, and future research needs for development and evaluation of enzyme-assisted bioremediation are examined. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Fan, Chi-Yuan AU - Krishnamurthy, S AD - Releases Control Branch, Risk Reduction Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, Edison, NJ, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 453 EP - 460 VL - 45 IS - 6 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - leakage KW - biological treatment KW - petroleum KW - bioremediation KW - cleaning process KW - enzymes KW - soil remediation KW - storage tanks KW - hydrocarbons KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16887405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Enzymes+for+enhancing+bioremediation+of+petroleum-contaminated+soils%3A+A+brief+review&rft.au=Fan%2C+Chi-Yuan%3BKrishnamurthy%2C+S&rft.aulast=Fan&rft.aufirst=Chi-Yuan&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=453&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil remediation; bioremediation; petroleum; enzymes; hydrocarbons; cleaning process; biological treatment; storage tanks; leakage ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Considerations for a reduced-level mercury laboratory and determination of ultratrace level total mercury in water by atomic fluorescence detection: Part 1 AN - 16887095; 3802109 AB - The bioaccumulation of mercury in aquatic/riparian food webs has been the impetus for unraveling the biogeochemical cycles of mercury and developing more sensitive methods of detection. In aquatic ecosystems in which piscivorous fish have readily detectable levels of accumulated mercury in their tissue, the surrounding water will typically test less than the detection limits of current cold vapor atomic absorption analytical methods. The typical detection limit for mercury in water using permanganate oxidation/cold vapor atomic absorption (U.S. EPA Method 245.2) is presently 200 ng/L (ppt), while the lowest ambient water quality criterion for mercury is 12 ng/L. Evaluation of mercury bioaccumulation in food webs in relation to the ambient environment is a considerable challenge involving the need to develop more sensitive analytical techniques for locating the sources of this potentially toxic metal in the environment. JF - American Environmental Laboratory AU - Scifres, J AU - Wasko, M AU - McDaniel, W AD - U.S. EPA, Region IV, Environ. Serv. Div., Athens, GA 30605, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 34 EP - 38 VL - 7 IS - 4 SN - 1051-2306, 1051-2306 KW - trace levels KW - detection limits KW - pollution detection KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - bioaccumulation KW - fluorescence KW - water analysis KW - trace elements KW - water pollution KW - mercury KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3010:Identification of pollutants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16887095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Environmental+Laboratory&rft.atitle=Considerations+for+a+reduced-level+mercury+laboratory+and+determination+of+ultratrace+level+total+mercury+in+water+by+atomic+fluorescence+detection%3A+Part+1&rft.au=Scifres%2C+J%3BWasko%2C+M%3BMcDaniel%2C+W&rft.aulast=Scifres&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=34&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+Environmental+Laboratory&rft.issn=10512306&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water analysis; mercury; trace levels; fluorescence; detection limits; bioaccumulation; water pollution; trace elements; pollution detection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of alternative reference toxicants for use in the earthworm toxicity test AN - 16883908; 3796766 AB - The use of the 14-d earthworm toxicity test to aid in the evaluation of the ecological impact of contaminated soils is becoming increasingly widespread. However, the method is in need of further standardization. As part of this continuing process, the choice of reference toxicants was evaluated. Reference toxicants were rated in relation to the following criteria: (a) reproducibility, (b) low human health hazard, (c) feasibility of measurement, and (d) chemical stability. Potassium chloride (KCl) and ammonium chloride (NH sub(4)Cl) were evaluated as possible alternatives to the one currently in common use, 2-chloroacetamide. Potassium chloride rated the best for the combination of the four criteria, followed by NH sub(4)Cl and 2-chloroacetamide. Coefficients of variation (C.V.s) from control charts of six definitive tests were used to measure reproducibility. The best reproducibility (lowest C.V.) was shown by KCl, followed by NH sub(4)Cl and 2-chloroacetamide. Toxicants ranked KCl 2-chloroacetamide in terms of measurement feasibility. Both 2-chloroacetamide and NH sub(4)Cl changed in concentration during testing. Evidence is also presented that 2-chloroacetamide degrades rapidly during testing, and that, as dead worms decay, ammonification may be adding another toxicant, ammonia, to tests. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Yeardley, RB Jr AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Pence, MA AD - DynCorp-TAI, c/o U.S. EPA, 3411 Church St., Cincinnati, OH 45244, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1189 EP - 1194 VL - 14 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - soil contamination KW - potassium chloride KW - ammonium chloride KW - chloroacetamide KW - soil pollution KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicants KW - Eisenia fetida KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16883908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+alternative+reference+toxicants+for+use+in+the+earthworm+toxicity+test&rft.au=Yeardley%2C+RB+Jr%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BPence%2C+MA&rft.aulast=Yeardley&rft.aufirst=RB&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Eisenia fetida; toxicity testing; toxicants; soil contamination; soil pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emulsion-mediated transport of nonaqueous-phase liquid in porous media: A review AN - 16882155; 3801352 AB - A review of literature on the formation, characteristic properties, and flow of emulsion in subsurface environment, and its potential impact on the transport of nonaqueous-phase liquids (NAPLs) is provided. Synthesis of the literature indicates that emulsions can form during petroleum recovery as a result of production of natural surfactants by soil microorganisms, and the use of synthetic surfactants to clean up NAPL-contaminated soils and aquifers. The use of surfactants as a remediation technique to remove hazardous NAPLs from soil and groundwater has been explored in some detail. However, cost-effective and high-efficiency remediation approaches using surfactants have yet to be accomplished. This review suggests that the use of surfactants to remove NAPLs from soil may involve the formation and flow of emulsions in the subsurface environment. The flow of emulsions may influence the transport of hazardous NAPLs in the subsurface environment, depending on the type and stability of emulsion formed under specific conditions. In general, the flow of microemulsion enhances the transport of NAPLs through subsurface environments. Further investigation should focus on the formation, stability, microbial degradation, and flow of emulsion in subsurface environments when surfactants are used as a potential means for recovering NAPLs from soils and aquifers. JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Mansell, R S AU - Rhue, R D AD - CDSI, US-EPA, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 269 EP - 290 VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - nonaqueous-phase liquid KW - review KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - solute transport KW - porous media KW - soil contamination KW - groundwater pollution KW - pollutants KW - surfactants KW - emulsions KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16882155?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Emulsion-mediated+transport+of+nonaqueous-phase+liquid+in+porous+media%3A+A+review&rft.au=Ouyang%2C+Y%3BMansell%2C+R+S%3BRhue%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Ouyang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=269&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - emulsions; porous media; solute transport; pollutants; soil contamination; groundwater pollution; surfactants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparisons of estimated human body burdens of dioxinlike chemicals and TCDD body burdens in experimentally exposed animals AN - 16882111; 3801243 AB - Humans are exposed to mixtures of polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, and the potential health effects of these exposures are uncertain. A subset of this class of compounds produce similar spectra of toxicity in experimental animals as does 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and these chemicals have been classified as "dioxins." In this study, we compared the body burdens of dioxins that produce effects in experimental animals to body burdens associated with these effects in humans. Human body burdens were estimated from lipid-adjusted serum concentrations of dioxins, assuming dioxins are equally distributed in body fat and an adult has 22% body fat. The toxic equivalency factor (TEF) method was used to calculate body burdens of dioxins in humans. These calculations included dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and polychlorinated biphenyls. In the general population, average background concentrations were estimated at 58 ng TCDD equivalents (TEQ)/kg serum lipid, corresponding to a body burden of 13 ng TEQ/kg body weight. Populations with known exposure to dioxins have body burdens of 96-7,000 ng TEQ/kg body weight. For effects that have been clearly associated with dioxins, such as chloracne and induction of CYP1A1, humans and animals respond at similar body burdens. Induction of cancer in animals occurs at body burdens of 944-137,000 ng TCDD/kg body weight, while noncancer effects in animals occur at body burdens of 10-12,500 ng/kg. Available human data suggest that some individuals may respond to dioxin exposures with cancer and noncancer effects at body burdens within one to two orders of magnitude of those in the general population. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - DeVito, MJ AU - Birnbaum, L S AU - Farland, W H AU - Gasiewicz, T A AD - Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 820 EP - 831 VL - 103 IS - 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - TCDD KW - PCB KW - toxic equivalency factors KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - animals KW - risk assessment KW - man KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16882111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Comparisons+of+estimated+human+body+burdens+of+dioxinlike+chemicals+and+TCDD+body+burdens+in+experimentally+exposed+animals&rft.au=DeVito%2C+MJ%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S%3BFarland%2C+W+H%3BGasiewicz%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=DeVito&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=820&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - animals; man; risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring the ecological condition of estuaries in the United States AN - 16877913; 3800330 AB - The purpose of the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program/Estuaries component (EMAP-E) is to determine the current status, extent, changes, and trends in ecological indicators of the condition of the nation's estuarine resources on a regional and national basis. Monitoring activities in the Virginian (Mid-Atlantic) and Louisianian (Gulf of Mexico) Provinces focus on measurements describing the benthic community, the fish community, water quality, levels of sediment and tissue contamination, sediment toxicity, wetlands extent/condition, and seagrasses extent/condition. Estuarine monitoring is based on an EMAP-E probability-based sampling design conducted over a 60-day period during July-September of each year. Monitoring activities in the Virginian Province began in 1990 and have continued annually while monitoring in the Louisianian Province was initiated in 1991. The results of 1990 monitoring in the Virginian Province show that 20% of the sediments of the Mid-Atlantic region suffered from poor biological conditions while 15% of the area showed undesirable conditions in relation to poor water clarity and the presence of marine debris. In 1991, 31% of Gulf of Mexico estuarine sediments in the Louisianian Province displayed poor biological conditions, as measured by benthic community structure, and 32% of the area was characterized by poor water clarity, the presence of marine debris, and elevated levels of fish tissue contaminants. Efforts are presently underway to begin to assess degradation "causes" using statistical associations among exposure and stressor data for degraded areas in the two provinces. Monitoring will continue in these provinces, as well as be initiated in the Great Lakes, in 1992 and monitoring in other areas of the country (Carolinian Province, Southeast) is scheduled to begin in 1994. JF - Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry AU - Summers, J K AU - Paul, J F AU - Robertson, A AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Dr., Sabine Island, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 93 EP - 108 VL - 49 IS - 1-2 SN - 0277-2248, 0277-2248 KW - data acquisition KW - data collection KW - data collections KW - ecosystem disturbance KW - environmental conditions KW - environmental monitoring KW - estuarine environment KW - monitoring KW - pollution indicators KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - ASW, USA, Louisiana KW - ANW, USA, Virginia KW - estuaries KW - ecology KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - USA KW - natural resources KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16877913?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicological+and+Environmental+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Monitoring+the+ecological+condition+of+estuaries+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Summers%2C+J+K%3BPaul%2C+J+F%3BRobertson%2C+A&rft.aulast=Summers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicological+and+Environmental+Chemistry&rft.issn=02772248&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; water quality; environmental monitoring; monitoring; natural resources; pollution indicators; data acquisition; environmental conditions; ecosystem disturbance; data collections; ecology; data collection; estuarine environment; USA; ASW, USA, Louisiana; ANW, USA, Virginia; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phototoxic response of Lumbriculus variegatus to sediments contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons AN - 16872985; 3796268 AB - The toxicity of certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) to aquatic organisms can be greatly increased upon exposure of the organisms to ultraviolet (UV) radiation present in sunlight. The phenomenon of photoactivation of PAHs had received some attention in the laboratory; however, evaluation of the photoinduced toxicity of PAHs in field settings has been limited. In our studies, in situ chambers made from Pyrex registered glass tubes were used to evaluate the phototoxic response of laboratory-cultured oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus) in sediments contaminated with PAHs. These experiments were conducted using both sunlight-exposed and shaded test chambers. In addition to the PAH-contaminated site, a reference site lacking PAHs was tested as a control. Survival of L. variegatus at the PAH-contaminated site was significantly less in chambers exposed to sunlight than in chambers held in the dark, or chambers from the reference site. Concurrent laboratory studies with sediment collected from the two sites and an artificial source of UV light corroborated observations made in the field. Although a number of PAHs were present at elevated concentrations in the test sample, further work is required to determine exactly which were responsible for the observed phototoxicity. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Monson, P D AU - Ankley, G T AU - Kosian, P A AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 891 EP - 894 VL - 14 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Lumbriculus variegatus KW - aromatic compounds KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - contamination KW - photoactivation KW - photochemical reactions KW - phototoxicity KW - pollution effects KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - sediment pollution KW - toxicity tests KW - ultraviolet radiation KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - solar radiation KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16872985?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Phototoxic+response+of+Lumbriculus+variegatus+to+sediments+contaminated+by+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Monson%2C+P+D%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BKosian%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Monson&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=891&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - photochemical reactions; toxicity; solar radiation; sediments; hydrocarbons; toxicity tests; sediment pollution; pollution effects; aromatic hydrocarbons; ultraviolet radiation; aromatic compounds; phototoxicity; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; contamination; Lumbriculus variegatus; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimates of radiogenic cancer risks AN - 16871771; 3801104 AB - A methodology recently developed by the U.S. EPA for estimating the carcinogenic risks from ionizing radiation is described. For most cancer sites, the risk model is one in which age-specific, relative risk coefficients are obtained by taking a geometric mean of the coefficients derived from the atomic bomb survivor data using two different methods for transporting risks from the Japanese to the U.S. population. The risk models are applied to estimate organ-specific risks per unit dose for a stationary population with mortality rates governed by 1980 U.S. vital statistics. With the exception of breast cancer, low-LET radiogenic cancer risk estimates are reduced by a factor of 2 at low doses and dose rates compared to acute high dose exposure conditions. For low dose (or dose rate) conditions, the risk of inducing a premature cancer death from uniform, whole body, low-LET irradiation is calculated to be 5.1 x 10 super(-2)/Gy. Neglecting nonfatal skin cancers, the corresponding incidence risk is 7.6 x 10 super(-2)/Gy. High-LET (alpha particle) risks are presumed to increase linearly with dose and to be independent of dose rate. High-LET risks are estimated to be 20 times the low-LET risks estimated under low dose rate conditions, except for leukemia and breast cancer where RBEs of 1 and 10 are adopted, respectively. JF - Health Physics AU - Puskin, J S AU - Nelson, C B AD - Off. Radiat. and Indoor Air (6602J), U.S. EPA, 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 93 EP - 101 VL - 69 IS - 1 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts KW - ionizing radiation KW - hazards KW - mathematical models KW - dose-response effects KW - risk assessment KW - cancer KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - R2 23020:Technological risks KW - P 8000:RADIATION KW - H SM6.9.1:RADIATION HAZARDS KW - H SM10.21:CANCER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16871771?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Estimates+of+radiogenic+cancer+risks&rft.au=Puskin%2C+J+S%3BNelson%2C+C+B&rft.aulast=Puskin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ionizing radiation; cancer; dose-response effects; mathematical models; hazards; risk assessment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Global CO sub(2) emissions trading: Early lessons from the U.S. acid rain program AN - 16870526; 3790440 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is implementing a program of SO sub(2) emission allowance trading as part of the Acid Rain Program authorized by the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. Electric utilities may use allowance trading as part of their compliance strategy to meet SO sub(2) emission reduction requirements, which begin in 1995. In the interest of a free market in emission credits, some utilities began trading in 1992. A strict but essential requirement for continuous-emissions monitoring was developed to support the trading program. This program is being widely watched and will be evaluated as part of an effort to determine if market concepts can be successfully extended to other environmental issues. One such issue is greenhouse gas emissions and their link with global warming and climate change. This paper focuses on the early lessons learned, issues, and challenges involved in going from a domestic electric utility SO sub(2) emissions trading program to inter-industry, inter-gas and international as well as national emissions trading and offsets programs. Prominent among these issues are CO sub(2) allowance allocations, equity, emissions monitoring, enforcement, and cost-effectiveness. JF - Climatic Change AU - Solomon, B D AD - Acid Rain Div., U.S. EPA, 401 M St., S.W., 6204-J, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 75 EP - 96 VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - sulfur dioxide KW - EPA KW - federal programs KW - emissions trading KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - carbon dioxide KW - air pollution control KW - global warming KW - climatic changes KW - acid rain KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16870526?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=Global+CO+sub%282%29+emissions+trading%3A+Early+lessons+from+the+U.S.+acid+rain+program&rft.au=Solomon%2C+B+D&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon dioxide; acid rain; air pollution; climatic changes; global warming; air pollution control; sulfur dioxide; EPA; federal programs; emissions trading ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An evaluation of mer-specified reduction of ionic mercury as a remedial tool of a mercury-contaminated freshwater pond AN - 16866799; 3790483 AB - The potential for mer-mediated reduction/volatilization of ionic mercury as a tool in the decontamination of a freshwater pond was evaluated using laboratory incubations and a microcosm simulation. In flask assays inoculations with ionic mercury-resistant bacteria (10 super(5)-10 super(7) cells ml super(-1)) isolated from the pond, significantly increased the rate of mercury loss (MANOVA, P less than or equal to 0.05) relative to uninoculated controls. The effects of cell density, mercuric mercury concentration, addition of nutrients and supplementation with the sulfhydryl reagent beta -mercaptoethanol on the rate of mercury loss, were investigated. Inoculation (by 10 super(5) cells ml super(-1)) of a flow-through microcosm that simulated the cycling of mercury in the contaminated pond, stimulated by more than 4-fold the formation of volatile elemental mercury. Thus, biological formation of volatile mercury may hold a promise as a remedial tool of contaminated natural waters. JF - Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology AU - Saouter, E AU - Gillman, M AU - Barkay, T AD - US EPA, 1 Sabine Isl. Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 343 EP - 348 VL - 14 IS - 3-4 SN - 0169-4146, 0169-4146 KW - freshwater pollution KW - mercury KW - mercury-resistant bacteria KW - natural waters KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - bacteria KW - decontamination KW - A 01056:Mineral microbiology KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16866799?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=An+evaluation+of+mer-specified+reduction+of+ionic+mercury+as+a+remedial+tool+of+a+mercury-contaminated+freshwater+pond&rft.au=Saouter%2C+E%3BGillman%2C+M%3BBarkay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Saouter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=343&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Industrial+Microbiology+and+Biotechnology&rft.issn=01694146&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-02-11 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decontamination; mercury ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Concrete blocks' adverse effects on indoor air and recommended solutions AN - 16863623; 3782516 AB - Air infiltration through highly permeable concrete blocks can allow entry of various serious indoor air pollutants. An easy approach to avoiding these pollutants is to select a less-air-permeable concrete block. Tests show that air permeability of concrete blocks can vary by a factor greater than 50 (0.63-35 standard L/min/m super(2) at 3 Pa). The surface texture of the blocks correlates well with air permeability; test results of smoother, closed-surface-texture blocks were usually less air-permeable. During construction, air infiltration can be minimized by capping walls and carefully sealing around openings for utilities or other penetrations. Structures with indoor air-quality problems due to soil-gas entry can be mitigated more effectively with less coating material if the blocks have a closed surface texture. All coatings evaluated-cementaceous block filler (which has the lowest applied cost and is more than 99.5% effective), surface bonding cement, water-based epoxy, polysulfide vinyl acrylic, and latex (three coats)-were highly effective (more than 98%) in reducing air permeability when adequately applied. Coating selection should be influenced by expected service life, considering surface condition and cost. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Ruppersberger, J S AD - Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, MD-54, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 348 EP - 357 VL - 121 IS - 4 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - concrete KW - air quality KW - infiltration KW - indoor environments KW - coatings KW - permeability KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16863623?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Concrete+blocks%27+adverse+effects+on+indoor+air+and+recommended+solutions&rft.au=Ruppersberger%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Ruppersberger&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=348&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - indoor environments; air quality; concrete; infiltration; coatings; permeability ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response assessments for developmental toxicity: IV. Benchmark doses for fetal weight changes AN - 16863170; 3788884 AB - Recently, most attention on the application of benchmark dose (BMD) techniques to toxicology data has focused on quantal measures of response. Before the advantages of the BMD approach can be exploited in the risk assessment process, it is important that continuous measures of response also be modeled appropriately. In this study, we examined a variety of approaches to estimating BMDs for a change in fetal weight following chemical exposure from a total of 85 developmental toxicity experiments. We modeled the change in the mean fetal weight of a litter in response to treatment using a continuous power model, as well as reductions in the weight of individual fetuses within litters (defined as falling below a preset level) using a log-logistic model which incorporates litter size as a covariable and considers intralitter correlations. For the litter-based approach, several methods of defining a benchmark effect (BME) were considered, including a percentage change in mean litter weight, a change in mean litter weight relative to variability in the control group, and a reduction in the mean litter weight to some point on the control group distribution curve. For the fetus-based approach, we examined several BME options on the cumulative frequency distribution of the control fetuses for defining a low weight fetus and calculated several levels of additional risk. BMDs for four litter-based BMEs (a difference of 5% in mean fetal weight, a decrease to the 25th percentile mean weight of control litters, a decrease in the mean weight by 2 standard errors, and a decrease of 0.5 standard deviation units) and two fetus-based BMEs (a 5% added risk of weighing less than the 5th percentile of control weights and a 10% added risk of weighing less than the 10th percentile) showed strong similarities to each other and to statistically derived NOAELs. In addition to providing comparison with the NOAEL as a reference value, these analyses provided confirmation of the advantages of the BMD approach over the NOAEL in terms of the influence of dose spacing and dose selection. Combined with our previous analyses of quantal endpoints of fetal effects, this information provides a firm basis upon which to implement the benchmark dose concept in developmental toxicity risk assessments. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Allen, B C AU - Faustman, E M AU - Kimmel, CA AD - Dev. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 211 EP - 222 VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - fetuses KW - dose-response effects KW - risk assessment KW - body weight KW - teratogenicity KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16863170?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dose-response+assessments+for+developmental+toxicity%3A+IV.+Benchmark+doses+for+fetal+weight+changes&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BAllen%2C+B+C%3BFaustman%2C+E+M%3BKimmel%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - teratogenicity; dose-response effects; fetuses; body weight; risk assessment; toxicity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Production and respiration in the 1989 North Atlantic spring bloom: An analysis of irradiance-dependent changes AN - 16863129; 3785285 AB - Gross and net O sub(2) production rates at 47 degree N, 20 degree W over 13 days during the 1989 JGOFS North Atlantic (Spring) Bloom Experiment were measured. Gross O sub(2) production was measured by H sub(2) super(18)O uptake or calculated from super(14)C assimilation, and net O sub(2) production was measured by Winkler titration. Production versus irradiance P super(B)(1) curves were constructed from gross O sub(2) production rates (determined with in situ incubations) normalized to chlorophyll a concentration for the five days of highest total irradiance. Magnitudes of P super(B) sub(m), alpha and beta were high during the bloom. Chlorophyll-normalized gross O sub(2) production, integrated over the euphotic zone, was observed to be linearly related to integrated incident irradiance. This linear trend can be simulated with an algorithm using average values of P super(B) sub(m), alpha and beta parameters. 24 h O sub(2) respiration rates for each day appeared to consist of two components: one proportional to the production rate and involving respiration of carbon fixed during the same day's photoperiod, and the other independent of the production rate and respired carbon fixed prior to the day's photoperiod. Integrated over time and depth, these respiration components were of comparable magnitude, and together equalled about 60% of gross O sub(2) production. POC turnover times ranged from two days for near-surface waters up to about two weeks at the base of the euphotic zone. JF - Deep Sea Research (Part I, Oceanographic Research Papers) AU - Kiddon, J AU - Bender, M L AU - Marra, J AD - EPA, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 553 EP - 576 VL - 42 IS - 4 SN - 0967-0637, 0967-0637 KW - ANE KW - Atlantic Ocean, North KW - Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources KW - light effects KW - Marine KW - phytoplankton KW - primary production KW - irradiance KW - carbon fixation KW - algal blooms KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - D 04627:Algae/lichens KW - K 03049:Algae KW - Q1 08481:Productivity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16863129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deep+Sea+Research+%28Part+I%2C+Oceanographic+Research+Papers%29&rft.atitle=Production+and+respiration+in+the+1989+North+Atlantic+spring+bloom%3A+An+analysis+of+irradiance-dependent+changes&rft.au=Kiddon%2C+J%3BBender%2C+M+L%3BMarra%2C+J&rft.aulast=Kiddon&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=553&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Deep+Sea+Research+%28Part+I%2C+Oceanographic+Research+Papers%29&rft.issn=09670637&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - light effects; phytoplankton; carbon fixation; primary production; irradiance; algal blooms; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pathological and serum chemistry profiles of brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) from the Black River and Old Woman Creek, Ohio AN - 16862961; 3787446 AB - During the past two decades there have been numerous reports concerning epizootics of neoplasia in feral fish. One of those reviews identified 41 locations with such epizootics in North America alone. While some neoplasms in fish are of viral origin, many investigations have linked both benign and malignant neoplasms to carcinogenic contaminants in the environment. Serum chemistry measurements have been made on fish exposed to a variety of xenobiotic chemicals in the laboratory and on fish collected from highly contaminated areas in the environment. There is, however, little information on relationships between serum chemistry and neoplastic lesions in feral fish. The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether serum chemistry measurements could be used as predictive indices of neoplasia in tumor-bearing brown bullheads (Ameiurus nebulosus) collected from the Black River, Ohio. JF - Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Folmar, L C AU - Harshbarger, J AU - Baumann, P C AU - Gardner, G AU - Bonomelli, S AD - U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 50 EP - 59 VL - 54 IS - 1 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Ameiurus nebulosus KW - USA, Ohio, Black R. KW - animal pathology KW - bullheads KW - epizootiology KW - fish diseases KW - histopathology KW - neoplasia KW - pollution effects KW - pollution surveys KW - serological studies KW - serum chemistry KW - tumors KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - carcinogens KW - water pollution KW - chemical analysis KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16862961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Pathological+and+serum+chemistry+profiles+of+brown+bullheads+%28Ameiurus+nebulosus%29+from+the+Black+River+and+Old+Woman+Creek%2C+Ohio&rft.au=Folmar%2C+L+C%3BHarshbarger%2C+J%3BBaumann%2C+P+C%3BGardner%2C+G%3BBonomelli%2C+S&rft.aulast=Folmar&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carcinogens; chemical analysis; fish diseases; pollution surveys; histopathology; pollution effects; serological studies; water pollution; epizootiology; tumors; neoplasia; water pollution effects; animal pathology; Ameiurus nebulosus; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantum mechanical studies of the structure and reactivities of the diol epoxides of benzo[c]phenanthrene AN - 16861528; 3784217 AB - Benzo[c]phenanthrene has a crowded bay region that has been called a fjord region. As a result of the interaction between the atoms across the fjord region, it is a nonplanar molecule with a significant barrier between two helical structures. The crowding in the fjord region also affects the three-dimensional structure of the fjord region diol epoxide. Quantum mechanical studies have been performed to determine the structure and reactivities of the fjord region diol epoxides. Eight local minimum energy three-dimensional structures have been found for the trans diol of 1,2,3,4,-tetrahydro 3,4-dihydroxybenzo[c]phenanthrene 1,2-epoxide. They can be characterized by three dichotomies: one between syn and anti, one between quasidiaxial and quasidiequatorial, and the third that depends on nonplanarity of the parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon due to interactions in the crowded bay region, that we have named "in" and "out" based on the position of the epoxide oxygen relative to the distal ring. The structures with the epoxide oxygen on the same side of the saturated ring as the distal ring (in-) are more stable than the structures where the epoxide is on the opposite side (out-). The calculated lowest energy syn and anti structures for the diol epoxide of benzo[c]-phenanthrene are both in-quasidiequatorial, in agreement with experiment. Analysis of the results indicates that the electrostatic interaction across the fjord region could be responsible for the increased stability of the syn-in-quasidiequatorial structure compared to the syn-inquasidiaxial structure and the stability of the in-structures in general when compared to the out- structures. These calculations suggests that the electrostatic contribution of the distal ring in the fjord/bay region may play a part in the interaction with nucleophiles. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Lewis-Bevan, L AU - Little, S B AU - Rabinowitz, J R AD - Carcinog. and Metab. Branch, Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 499 EP - 505 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - 3,4-benzphenanthrene KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - structure-activity relationships KW - quantum chemistry KW - electrostatic properties KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16861528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Quantum+mechanical+studies+of+the+structure+and+reactivities+of+the+diol+epoxides+of+benzo%5Bc%5Dphenanthrene&rft.au=Lewis-Bevan%2C+L%3BLittle%2C+S+B%3BRabinowitz%2C+J+R&rft.aulast=Lewis-Bevan&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=499&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - quantum chemistry; structure-activity relationships; electrostatic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chemical- and sediment-mediated reduction of the azo dye Disperse Blue 79 AN - 16851867; 3777274 AB - Disperse Blue 79, a large volume disperse azo dye, and 2-bromo-4,6-dinitroaniline (BDNA), an important intermediate in the preparation of Disperse Blue 79, were readily reduced chemically and in three anoxic sediment-water systems studied; half-lives were on the order of minutes to hours. No reduction of Disperse Blue 79 or BDNA was observed however in a sediment-water system containing sediment with low organic carbon. The reaction kinetics of Disperse Blue 79 in the reducing sediments are biphasic, that is, the initial rapid loss of dye is followed by a much slower rate of transformation. The reaction pathways for the chemical and sediment-mediated reduction of Disperse Blue 79 were quite similar, suggesting that the chemical reduction of such complex chemicals can provide valuable insight into their reaction pathways in environmental systems. For Disperse Blue 79, a number of reaction products resulting from the reduction of both the azo linkage and aromatic nitro groups were formed. The sediment-mediated reduction of BDNA was regioselective resulting in the formation of a 3-bromo-5-nitro-1,2-diaminobenzene, which was further reduced at a much slower rate to 6-bromo-1,2,4-triaminobenzene. These results suggest that Disperse Blue 79 and BDNA may undergo reduction in some natural anoxic sediments, resulting in the subsequent release of potentially hazardous aromatic amines to the water column. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Weber, E J AU - Adams, R L AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Athens, GA 30605, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1163 EP - 1170 VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - anoxic conditions KW - azo dyes KW - degradation KW - sediment pollution KW - sediment-water exchanges KW - sediment-water interface KW - sediment-water interfaces KW - textile industry KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - dyes KW - industrial wastes KW - chemical reactions KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16851867?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Chemical-+and+sediment-mediated+reduction+of+the+azo+dye+Disperse+Blue+79&rft.au=Weber%2C+E+J%3BAdams%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - industrial wastes; degradation; sediment-water interface; anoxic conditions; chemical reactions; sediment pollution; sediment-water exchanges; dyes; textile industry; sediment-water interfaces; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The developmental toxicity of bromochloroacetonitrile in pregnant Long-Evans rats AN - 16849409; 3783639 AB - Bromochloroacetonitrile (BCAN) is a by-product of the chlorine disinfection of water containing natural organic material. Adverse effects of BCAN in an in vivo teratology screen (i.e. neonatal survival assay) gave reason for further investigation into the developmental toxicity of this compound. BCAN was administered orally to pregnant Long-Evans rats on gestation days 6-18 (vaginal plug = day 0). Four groups of approximately 20 females received BCAN at 5, 25, 45 or 65 mg/kg/day in a tricaprylin vehicle. Endpoints assessed at necropsy (day 20) included maternal organ weights, number of corpora lutea and uterine contents (number of implants and fetuses); live fetuses were weighed, measured and subsequently examined for external, skeletal and soft tissue malformations. Gestational maternal weight gain was reduced at 45 and 65 mg/kg. Maternal toxicity, manifested as increased organ weights and deaths, occurred at 65 mg/kg. Postimplantation loss was elevated at 45 mg/kg while total litter loss was observed at both 45 and 65 mg/kg. Fetal crown-rump lengths were shorter for all BCAN doses tested and fetal weights were reduced at all but the lowest dose level. The frequency of cardiovascular malformations was increased for all levels of BCAN tested; urogenital and skeletal malformations were observed only at the higher dose levels. This pattern of developmental effects is similar to that seen with trichloro- and dichloroacetonitrile (TCAN and DCAN), closely related compounds examined previously in our laboratory. JF - International Journal of Environmental Health Research AU - Christ, SA AU - Read, E J AU - Stober, JA AU - Smith, M K AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Monit. Systems Lab., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 175 EP - 188 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 0960-3123, 0960-3123 KW - bromochloroacetonitrile KW - haloacetonitriles KW - Long-Evans rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - pregnancy KW - X 24154:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16849409?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Health+Research&rft.atitle=The+developmental+toxicity+of+bromochloroacetonitrile+in+pregnant+Long-Evans+rats&rft.au=Christ%2C+SA%3BRead%2C+E+J%3BStober%2C+JA%3BSmith%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Christ&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Health+Research&rft.issn=09603123&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pregnancy; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mapping long-term regional runoff in the eastern United States using automated approaches AN - 16849145; 3782330 AB - We conducted research to develop and test the accuracy of automated methods for producing long-term runoff contour maps of the eastern United States. Our goal was to determine if maps produced by these methods are as accurate as those now produced by manual methods. We examined nine procedures. One uses available runoff data only. Four use available runoff data and measured precipitation. The remaining four methods use runoff data and precipitation estimates from PRISM (Precipitation-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model). We evaluated the maps produced both qualitatively and quantitatively. We visually compared the automated procedure maps with a manual map produced by the U.S. Geological Survey. General visual agreement was very good among the maps. We also statistically compared estimated runoff at the precipitation stations with values interpolated from the manual map. The values of simple mean runoff computed for all of the methods were within about 1 cm (2%) of that determined for the manual method. We conducted an uncertainty analysis in which we withheld gaged data from the production of the maps and then compared these data with values interpolated from the maps. Overall, the automated methods performed as well as or better than the manual method. A method based on PRISM-based runoff-to-precipitation ratios (RPRIS) gave the best results. The results of our work indicate that simple automated procedures can produce long-term runoff contour maps with regional accuracies equivalent or superior to those produced by manual methods. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Bishop, G D AU - Church, M R AD - Computer Sci. Corp., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 189 EP - 207 VL - 169 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - regional analysis KW - computer applications KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - automation KW - mapping KW - USA KW - precipitation KW - runoff KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16849145?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Mapping+long-term+regional+runoff+in+the+eastern+United+States+using+automated+approaches&rft.au=Bishop%2C+G+D%3BChurch%2C+M+R&rft.aulast=Bishop&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=169&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=189&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mapping; regional analysis; runoff; automation; precipitation; USA; computer applications ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Influence of pH on the toxicity of ammonia to Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus AN - 16846959; 3777703 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency water-quality criteria establish permissible levels of ammonia in the nation's fresh waters. These criteria are based on accumulated research suggesting that, for most aquatic species (primarily fishes), the toxicity of un-ionized ammonia predominates over that of the ammonium ion. The development of a sediment-quality criterion for ammonia requires evaluation of the relative toxicity of the two ammonia forms to benthic and epibenthic macroinvertebrates to determine whether the water-quality toxicity model can be applied to sediments. Flow-through ammonia toxicity tests were conducted over 10 d with the oligochaete Lumbriculus variegatus and the larval midge Chironomus tentans at four pH values (6.3, 7.2, 7.8, and 8.6) using a unique pH control system. Total ammonia was more toxic at elevated than at low pH to both species, suggesting that un-ionized ammonia (more prevalent at high pH) is important in determining the toxicity of ammonia to these two species. Hardness or alkalinity differences in the range of 30 to 200 mg/kg (as CaCO sub(3)) did not appear to affect the toxicity of ammonia to the two species in separate 4-d tests. Based on results of the 10-d tests, the joint toxicity/pH model that establishes the water-quality criterion value for ammonia appears to be sufficiently protective of L. variegatus and C. tentans, by factors of at least 3 and 10, respectively. However, this study did not address potential differences in exposure of benthic organisms to ammonia in sediments vs. that in the water column; nor were the chronic effects of ammonia on these species measured in this study. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Schubauer-Berigan, M K AU - Monson, P D AU - West, C W AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 713 EP - 717 VL - 14 IS - 4 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Chironomus tentans KW - Lumbriculus variegatus KW - freshwater organisms KW - hydrogen ion concentration KW - invertebrates KW - midges KW - oligochaetes KW - pH KW - pH effects KW - pollution effects KW - synergism KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicology KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - benthos KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - ammonia KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16846959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Influence+of+pH+on+the+toxicity+of+ammonia+to+Chironomus+tentans+and+Lumbriculus+variegatus&rft.au=Schubauer-Berigan%2C+M+K%3BMonson%2C+P+D%3BWest%2C+C+W%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Schubauer-Berigan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=713&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - freshwater organisms; toxicity; toxicology; synergism; benthos; ammonia; pollution effects; pH effects; pH; toxicity testing; midges; hydrogen ion concentration; oligochaetes; invertebrates; Lumbriculus variegatus; Chironomus tentans; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recolonization of estuarine organisms: Effects of microcosm size and pesticides AN - 16842952; 3779476 AB - Two six-week laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate effects of pesticides and microcosm size on benthic estuarine macroinvertebrate recolonization. Sediments fortified with the pesticides (fenvalerate: controls, 5 (low) and 50 mu g/g wet sediment (high); endosulfan: controls, 1 (low) and 10 mu g/g wet sediment (high)) were fine-grained, organically rich (approximately 3.5% organic carbon and 22% dry weight) material. Relative dominance of the four most abundant taxa in both experiments was consistent among treatments with few exceptions. The amphipod, Corophium acherusicum, dominated abundance in both experiments. JF - Hydrobiologia AU - Flemer, DA AU - Stanley, R S AU - Ruth, B F AU - Bundrick, C M AU - Moody, PH AU - Moore, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 85 EP - 101 VL - 304 IS - 2 SN - 0018-8158, 0018-8158 KW - Amphipoda KW - Corophium acherusicum KW - amphipods KW - benthic environment KW - colonization KW - community composition KW - dominant species KW - estuarine organisms KW - experimental research KW - macroinvertebrates KW - microcosms KW - sediment pollution KW - zoobenthos KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts KW - estuaries KW - sediments KW - Brackish KW - pesticides KW - O 1070:Ecology/Community Studies KW - Q1 08462:Benthos KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - D 04210:Coastal ecosystems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16842952?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hydrobiologia&rft.atitle=Recolonization+of+estuarine+organisms%3A+Effects+of+microcosm+size+and+pesticides&rft.au=Flemer%2C+DA%3BStanley%2C+R+S%3BRuth%2C+B+F%3BBundrick%2C+C+M%3BMoody%2C+PH%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Flemer&rft.aufirst=DA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=304&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hydrobiologia&rft.issn=00188158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - estuaries; community composition; experimental research; estuarine organisms; dominant species; sediments; sediment pollution; benthic environment; pesticides; zoobenthos; colonization; amphipods; macroinvertebrates; Corophium acherusicum; Amphipoda; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 1994 Update of U.S. EPA's Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Emerging Technology Program AN - 16842534; 3777565 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE), Emerging Technology Partnership (ETP) has initiated actions since 1987 that support the Clinton Administration's policy to foster and accelerate the research and development of innovative technologies between the government and the private sector. The ETP enters into Cooperative Agreements with the private sector to provide technical and financial assistance to developers, and provide an avenue to move innovative technologies into the field for acquiring credible performance data. Growth of the ETP from an initial seven projects in 1987 to a total of 72 in 1994 has been made possible by the participation and funding of various federal agencies. The ETP has entered into interagency agreements with the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) and the U.S. Air Force. Participation with other federal agencies follows the administration's initiative for supporting cooperative and partnership work efforts through participation and review. Interest from the private sector remains high with a large number of Preproposals - 60 to more than 90 - consistently received from the yearly solicitations. The ETP is the first existing EPA program that provides an opportunity to share costs with the private sector, and provides an opportunity to research, develop, and move a technology forward to field demonstration and commercialization. Presented in this paper are an update of the ETP's completed projects, a profile of SITE ETP technologies invited to participate in the SITE Demonstration Program, and descriptive information concerning technologies selected in 1994 to be researched in the ETP. JF - Environmental Management AU - Lewis, N M AU - Barkley, N P AU - McCoy, J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 31 EP - 42 VL - 1 SN - 1079-7343, 1079-7343 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - federal programs KW - waste disposal sites KW - waste management KW - Superfund KW - EPA KW - USA KW - hazardous wastes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - H SE3.5:STANDARDS, LAWS, REGULATIONS, AND POLICY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16842534?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=1994+Update+of+U.S.+EPA%27s+Superfund+Innovative+Technology+Evaluation+%28SITE%29+Emerging+Technology+Program&rft.au=Lewis%2C+N+M%3BBarkley%2C+N+P%3BMcCoy%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=10797343&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; EPA; Superfund; waste disposal sites; federal programs; hazardous wastes; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maps of regional evapotranspiration and runoff/precipitation ratios in the northeast United States AN - 16839819; 3773700 AB - Regional maps of evapotranspiration (ET) and runoff/precipitation ratios (R/P) are rare for the United States. We have found mapping of ET and R/P to be a useful part of our work on runoff mapping, which in turn was a necessary part of our assessments of effects of acidic deposition. Maps of ET and R/P could be useful in other water resource analyses as well. Toward this end we present maps of these variables that we have prepared for the northeastern United States. We compute ET and R/P from the water balance equation with measured runoff and precipitation and (in one case) modeled estimates of precipitation. We have mapped ET and R/P in three different ways. First, we have mapped them by Major Land-Use Resource Areas (MLRA). We have performed this mapping for boh a long-term period (1951-1980) and an especially wet water year, water-year 1984 (WY84). Second, we have mapped ET and R/P using an automated contouring procedure in association with modeled estimates of precipitation from PRISM (Precipitation-elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model). Third, we have manually contoured the variables based on measured values of runoff and precipitation as they appear to relate to elevation, land use, and vegetation. Our maps compare well with each other and with the relatively few prior efforts at such mapping for the region. Our findings indicate that ET tends to be much more conservative over time than R/P, which tended to be greater in the wet year (WY84). As would be expected, the three approaches have relative strengths and weaknesses. Mapping by MLRA may be more useful when measured estimates are few or when lack of local expertise limits contouring subjectively. Contouring allows for more detailed representation of patterns. Automated contouring has the advantages of efficiency and reproducibility, whereas manual contouring allows the exercise of potentially more accurate expert local knowledge, when it exists. JF - Journal of Hydrology (Amsterdam) AU - Church, M R AU - Bishop, G D AU - Cassell, D L AD - U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab.-Corvallis, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 283 EP - 298 VL - 168 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - contours KW - maps KW - precipitation KW - runoff KW - data interpretation KW - mapping KW - evapotranspiration KW - USA, Northeast KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - SW 0830:Evaporation and transpiration KW - SW 0835:Streamflow and runoff KW - SW 0815:Precipitation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16839819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.atitle=Maps+of+regional+evapotranspiration+and+runoff%2Fprecipitation+ratios+in+the+northeast+United+States&rft.au=Church%2C+M+R%3BBishop%2C+G+D%3BCassell%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=168&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology+%28Amsterdam%29&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - evapotranspiration; runoff; precipitation; maps; mapping; contours; data interpretation; USA, Northeast ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Occurrence of high-level aminoglycoside resistance in environmental isolates of enterococci AN - 16832793; 3774116 AB - High-level resistance to aminoglycosides was observed in environmental isolates of enterococci. Various aquatic habitats, including agricultural runoff, creeks, river, wastewater, and wells, were analyzed. Strains of Enterococcus faecalis, E. faecium, E. gallinarum and other Enterococcus spp. demonstrated multiple antibiotic resistance patterns to aminoglycosides. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Rice, E W AU - Messer, J W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Reasoner, D J AD - Drinking Water Res. Div., Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 374 EP - 376 VL - 61 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - agricultural runoff KW - aminoglycoside antibiotics KW - antibiotic resistance KW - drug resistance KW - pathogenic bacteria KW - wastewater KW - water wells KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Enterococcus faecalis KW - Enterococcus gallinarum KW - Freshwater KW - rivers KW - Enterococcus faecium KW - public health KW - Q1 08206:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - J 02795:Antibiotic resistance UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16832793?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Occurrence+of+high-level+aminoglycoside+resistance+in+environmental+isolates+of+enterococci&rft.au=Rice%2C+E+W%3BMesser%2C+J+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BReasoner%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Rice&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pathogenic bacteria; agricultural runoff; drug resistance; rivers; public health; antibiotic resistance; wastewater; water wells; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterococcus gallinarum; Enterococcus faecium; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of microcosm and fish toxicity data to select mesocosm treatment concentrations AN - 16830211; 3772242 AB - Data from Mixed Flask Culture (MFC) microcosms and fish single species toxicity tests were used to select treatment concentrations for littoral enclosure studies. Selected concentrations were evaluated by comparing the predicted responses to those observed in littoral enclosure studies with a pyrethroid pesticide, esfenvalerate and an organophosphate pesticide, azinphos-methyl. Comparisons of the effects predicted by these laboratory studies and effects that occurred in the two littoral enclosure trials provided useful information on the accuracy associated with each prediction. Although the approach did not always predict the exact magnitude or breadth of response found in the littoral enclosures, response levels for each of the selected treatment concentrations were adequate to describe the dose-response relationship of the littoral ecosystem for the two pesticides. The evaluation suggests that selection of treatment concentrations for the two littoral enclosure studies could have been improved by using this approach. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Stay, F S AU - Jarvinen, A W AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 451 EP - 458 VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Pisces KW - azinphos-methyl KW - bioassays KW - dose-response effects KW - esfenvalerate KW - fenvalerate KW - fish KW - indicator species KW - lethal limits KW - littoral zone KW - mesocosms KW - microcosms KW - pollution effects KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - toxicology KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - water pollution KW - pesticides KW - aquatic environment KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16830211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+microcosm+and+fish+toxicity+data+to+select+mesocosm+treatment+concentrations&rft.au=Stay%2C+F+S%3BJarvinen%2C+A+W&rft.aulast=Stay&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=451&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lethal limits; fish; toxicology; toxicity tests; bioassays; mesocosms; toxicity; indicator species; littoral zone; pollution effects; pesticides; water pollution; aquatic environment; toxicity testing; dose-response effects; Pisces; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of US EPA environmental monitoring and assessment programs (EMAP) -- wetlands sampling design and classification AN - 16828938; 3769470 AB - The United States Environmental Protection Agency's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) will monitor the nation's resources by evaluating the status and trends of selected indicators of condition using a probability-based sampling design. The EMAP-Wetlands program will monitor the condition of the nation's wetlands. The EMAP classification system is an aggregation of the many subclasses of the US Fish and Wildlife Service's National Wetlands Inventory (NWI) classification system. This aggregation results in fewer wetland classes with more wetlands per class than the NWI system. Aggregation of the NWI classification was based primarily on dominant vegetation cover, flooding regimes, dominant water source, and adjacency to rivers and lakes. We evaluated the EMAP classification system and sampling design using NWI digital wetlands data for portions of Illinois, Washington, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Relative numbers of wetlands, total areas, average areas, and common versus rare classes were compared between the EMAP and NWI classification systems. As expected, the EMAP classification provided fewer wetland polygons, each with larger areas, without altering total wetland area. Summary statistics comparing sample estimates to true population parameters (represented by the NWI data) demonstrated the effectiveness of the EMAP sampling design with the exception of rare EMAP classes in the selected regions. Although simple random sampling is inadequate for both large and small wetlands, the EMAP sampling design is readily adapted to provide better estimates for these categories. Aggregating the NWI classification to the EMAP classification provides fewer wetland classes, with more wetlands per class, for EMAP's annual reports and statistical summaries. JF - Environmental Management AU - Ernst, T L AU - Leibowitz, N C AU - Roose, D AU - Stehman, S AU - Urquhart, N S AD - ManTech Environ. Res. Serv. Corp., U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 99 EP - 113 VL - 19 IS - 1 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - EPA KW - classification KW - classification systems KW - ecosystem management KW - environmental monitoring KW - environmental policy KW - federal policies KW - government policy KW - monitoring KW - vegetation KW - vegetation cover KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - floods KW - USA KW - wetlands KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - D 04200:Wetlands KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16828938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+US+EPA+environmental+monitoring+and+assessment+programs+%28EMAP%29+--+wetlands+sampling+design+and+classification&rft.au=Ernst%2C+T+L%3BLeibowitz%2C+N+C%3BRoose%2C+D%3BStehman%2C+S%3BUrquhart%2C+N+S&rft.aulast=Ernst&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental monitoring; monitoring; ecosystem management; wetlands; classification; vegetation cover; floods; classification systems; government policy; vegetation; EPA; federal policies; environmental policy; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A QSAR analysis of substituent effects on the photoinduced acute toxicity of PAHs AN - 16828494; 3768993 AB - Photoinduced toxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a result of competing effects including stability and light absorbance of the molecules as well as irradiation parameters. The energy difference between the Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital and the Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO-LUMO gap), which can be computed directly from structure, was found to be the molecular descriptor that best distinguishes phototoxic chemicals from non-phototoxic chemicals. Aromatic chemicals that are phototoxic in sunlight have HOMO-LUMO gap energies that fall in the range of 6.7 to 7.5 eV. This study showed that the effect of most substituents on the HOMO-LUMO gap was negligible, and that phototoxicity in an aromatic chemical is likely only if the parent aromatic structure is phototoxic. Exceptions included substituents that add to delocalization (nitro and alkenyl) which could shift some chemicals with a HOMO-LUMO gap just above 7.5 eV into the domain of photoinduced toxicity. JF - Chemosphere AU - Veith, G D AU - Mekenyan, O G AU - Ankley, G T AU - Call, D J AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2129 EP - 2142 VL - 30 IS - 11 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - acute toxicity KW - phototoxicity KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - photochemistry KW - aromatic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16828494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=A+QSAR+analysis+of+substituent+effects+on+the+photoinduced+acute+toxicity+of+PAHs&rft.au=Veith%2C+G+D%3BMekenyan%2C+O+G%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BCall%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Veith&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acute toxicity; aromatic compounds; hydrocarbons; photochemistry; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; phototoxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional susceptibility of northeast lakes to zebra mussel invasion AN - 16828243; 3773194 AB - The rapid spread of the exotic zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) concerns aquatic resource managers in the United States and Canada. Since 1990, it has been spreading from the Great Lakes into the Northeast. The zebra mussel cannot colonize equally in northeastern lakes in part because soft water causes ion exchange and reproductive problems when [Ca super(2+)] reaches a lower limit of approximately 12 mg/L, and pH drops below 7.3. We used (1) an alkalinity map to conservatively delineate areas expected to be at low risk for zebra mussel invasion and (2) water chemistry data from 344 lakes sampled in the 1991-1994 Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) to estimate numbers and surface area of lakes at risk in the Northeast (New England, New York, and New Jersey). These lakes were randomly selected from a target population of 11,080 lakes > 1 and 12 mg/L and could potentially support zebra mussel. An estimated 80% of lakes in high alkalinity areas are at risk, while only 5% of lakes in low alkalinity areas have [Ca super(2+)] > 12 mg/L. The alkalinity map adequately segregated low- and high-calcium lakes. State resource managers can use this information to better allocate control, monitoring, and education resources. JF - Fisheries AU - Whittier, T R AU - Herlihy, A T AU - Pierson, S M AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 20 EP - 27 VL - 20 IS - 6 SN - 0363-2415, 0363-2415 KW - Dreissena polymorpha KW - colonization KW - freshwater molluscs KW - hardness KW - introduced species KW - invasions KW - mussels KW - pest control KW - zebra mussels KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - water quality KW - lakes KW - Freshwater KW - fouling KW - USA, Northeast KW - D 04310:Freshwater KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - Q1 08485:Species interactions: pests and control KW - Q5 08521:Mechanical and natural changes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16828243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries&rft.atitle=Regional+susceptibility+of+northeast+lakes+to+zebra+mussel+invasion&rft.au=Whittier%2C+T+R%3BHerlihy%2C+A+T%3BPierson%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Whittier&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries&rft.issn=03632415&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; pest control; lakes; freshwater molluscs; fouling; introduced species; colonization; invasions; mussels; hardness; Dreissena polymorpha; USA, Northeast; Freshwater ER - TY - CONF T1 - Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. IV. Neurobehavioral effects AN - 16827347; 3769763 AB - Nine participants outlined findings in the area of neurobehavioral effects of dioxin-like compounds and presented plans for new studies. Neurobehavioral effects are among the most sensitive and well studied toxicity end points for this class of compounds. A focus of the workshop was presentation of designs for major new studies in human populations outside the United States that are intended to extend and clarify the results of two previous large-scale studies in populations in Michigan and North Carolina. Improved methods for exposure assessment and more focused approaches to understanding specific neurobehavioral deficits were highlighted. Animal studies and in vitro mechanistic studies are emphasizing the importance of alterations in neurotransmitter systems and thyroid function that may underlie behavioral dysfunction. There is continuing improvement in analytical and study design methods to identify the most active congeners of PCB mixtures in the environment. These diverse studies will contribute to effective response of public health and regulatory groups to this continuing problem. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Golub AU - Jacobson, S W Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 VL - 103 KW - PCB KW - TCDD KW - neurobehavior KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - NIH 95-218 KW - reviews KW - behavior KW - neurotoxicity KW - perinatal exposure KW - X 24250:Reviews KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16827347?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Workshop+on+perinatal+exposure+to+dioxin-like+compounds.+IV.+Neurobehavioral+effects&rft.au=Golub%3BJacobson%2C+S+W&rft.aulast=Golub&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+2+Sul.&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. I. Summary AN - 16826184; 3766023 AB - An international workshop reviewed 20 ongoing or recently completed studies of the effects of perinatal exposures to dioxins, dibenzofurans, and PCBs on the reproductive, endocrine, neurodevelopmental, and immune systems. Many of the observed effects are consistent with these compounds acting as "environmental hormones" or endocrine disrupters. This report summarizes the conclusions and future directions described at the workshop. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Lindstroem, G AU - Hooper, K AU - Petreas, M AU - Stephens, R AU - Gilman, A Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 VL - 103 KW - TCDD KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - PCB KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - NIH 95-218 KW - reviews KW - conferences KW - perinatal exposure KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16826184?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Workshop+on+perinatal+exposure+to+dioxin-like+compounds.+I.+Summary&rft.au=Lindstroem%2C+G%3BHooper%2C+K%3BPetreas%2C+M%3BStephens%2C+R%3BGilman%2C+A&rft.aulast=Lindstroem&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+2+Sul.&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. VI. Role of biomarkers AN - 16825621; 3765782 AB - Studies of perinatal exposures to dioxin-like compounds (DLCs), coplanar polycyclic halogenated aromatics whose prototype is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), have employed a variety of outcome measures to investigate effects on the reproductive/developmental, endocrine, immune, and neurobehavioral systems. The effects include infertility, growth retardation, fetal loss, changed sexual differentiation, reduced cognitive/motor function, dermatologic and other ectodermal effects, and decreased immune response. Significant biomarkers have included sperm count; CD4/CD8 ratio; and levels of testosterone, T4, and dopamine. Using specific dioxin or PCB congeners, these and other markers were used to investigate the mechanisms of the observed effects. The DLCs, which include some PCB congeners, are characterized by high-affinity binding to the Ah receptor; most biological effects are thought to be mediated by the ligand-Ah receptor complex. Other PCB congeners have low affinity for the Ah receptor, and operate by non-Ah receptor mechanisms. The biologic activity of a PCB mixture is the sum of the agonist and antagonist activities of the different constituents in the mixture. Animal studies with specific PCB congeners can help to clarify these activities. With similar approaches, biologic markers of effect can be developed and applied in epidemiologic studies to monitor for, and predict, adverse effects in humans. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Hooper, K AU - Clark, G C Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 VL - 103 KW - PCB KW - TCDD KW - biomarkers KW - polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxins KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - NIH 95-218 KW - reviews KW - reproduction KW - perinatal exposure KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16825621?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Workshop+on+perinatal+exposure+to+dioxin-like+compounds.+VI.+Role+of+biomarkers&rft.au=Hooper%2C+K%3BClark%2C+G+C&rft.aulast=Hooper&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+2+Sul.&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of the Afghan-Soviet war on Afghanistan's environment AN - 16825329; 3770879 AB - The Soviet occupation of Afghanistan started in 1979. After a prolonged and devastating war, the occupation ended in 1991. Apart from deliberate environmental damages, the war affected every segment of the social, economic, and political, systems in the country. These effects have had, and will long continue to have, indirect environmental impacts. The war's direct and indirect damages to the environmental resources of Afghanistan may be the second-ranking loss following the loss of human resources. The following is a summary of the current status of the environment in Afghanistan. JF - Environmental Conservation AU - Formoli, T A AD - Dep. Pestic. Regul. California EPA, 1020 N St., Room 200, Sacramento, CA 95814, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 66 EP - 69 VL - 22 IS - 1 SN - 0376-8929, 0376-8929 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - ecosystem analysis KW - Afghanistan KW - war KW - environmental degradation KW - D 04712:Environmental degradation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16825329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Conservation&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+the+Afghan-Soviet+war+on+Afghanistan%27s+environment&rft.au=Formoli%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Formoli&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=66&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Conservation&rft.issn=03768929&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Afghanistan; environmental degradation; ecosystem analysis; war ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Long vs. short monitoring intervals for peach harvesters exposed to foliar azinphos-methyl residues AN - 16824932; 3765255 AB - A dermal monitoring study of peach harvesters exposed to azinphos-methyl (AM) residues was conducted in Sutter County, California. Harvesters were paid by piecework, which allowed characterization of the relationship between dermal exposure (DE) and time or production. Workers wore 2 long-sleeved knit T-shirts for each monitoring interval and also provided a hand residue sample. Dislodgeable foliar residue (DFR) samples were also collected. The highest correlations were found for inner shirts vs. production and DE vs. time worked (r super(2) = 0.67, P < 0.01). DE was greatest after 2-h exposures and reached equilibrium after 3 h, indicating that exposure estimates from shorter intervals would overestimate exposure. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Spencer, J R AU - Sanborn, J R AU - Hernandez, B Z AU - Krieger, R I AU - Margetich, S S AU - Schneider, F A AD - California EPA, Dep. Pestic. Regul., Worker Health and Saf. Branch, 1020 N. St., Rm. 200, Sacramento, CA 95814-5624, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 17 EP - 24 VL - 78 IS - 1 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - azinphos-methyl KW - man KW - Risk Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - skin KW - agrochemicals KW - USA, California KW - occupational exposure KW - pesticide residues KW - pesticides KW - R2 23080:Industrial and labor KW - X 24133:Metabolism KW - H SE2.8.2:CHEMICALS (CORROSION) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16824932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Long+vs.+short+monitoring+intervals+for+peach+harvesters+exposed+to+foliar+azinphos-methyl+residues&rft.au=Spencer%2C+J+R%3BSanborn%2C+J+R%3BHernandez%2C+B+Z%3BKrieger%2C+R+I%3BMargetich%2C+S+S%3BSchneider%2C+F+A&rft.aulast=Spencer&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=78&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, California; pesticides; occupational exposure; skin; pesticide residues; agrochemicals; man ER - TY - CONF T1 - Workshop on perinatal exposure to dioxin-like compounds. V. Immunologic effects AN - 16821886; 3766737 AB - The immune system comprises a highly integrated network of multiple tissues and cell types with complicated interactions and effects. It is modulated by the endocrine and nervous systems and there is growing realization of its multifunctionality. The session focusing on immunologic effects of dioxin and related compounds following prenatal exposure involved a review of the immunotoxic effects that have been reported for polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons (PHAHs), a discussion of species differences in responses, and development of the immune system, and data from two ongoing epidemiological studies comparing the immune status of children exposed to higher-than-average concentrations of PHAHs both prenatally and lactationally. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Birnbaum, L S Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 VL - 103 KW - PCB KW - TCDD KW - Immunology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - NIH 95-218 KW - immunosuppression KW - reviews KW - immunotoxicity KW - perinatal exposure KW - F 06792:Clinical KW - X 24250:Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16821886?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Workshop+on+perinatal+exposure+to+dioxin-like+compounds.+V.+Immunologic+effects&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=103&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+2+Sul.&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The distribution of Anodonta cygnea (L.) and Anodonta anatina (L.) (Mollusca: Bivalvia) in southern Irish rivers and streams with records from other areas AN - 16814420; 3759680 JF - Irish naturalists' journal. Belfast AU - Lucey, J AD - EPA, Reg. Insp., Butts Green, Kilkenny, Ireland Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 8 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0021-1311, 0021-1311 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - ecological distribution KW - Anodonta anatina KW - Ireland KW - Anodonta cygnea KW - rivers KW - D 04658:Molluscs UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16814420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irish+naturalists%27+journal.+Belfast&rft.atitle=The+distribution+of+Anodonta+cygnea+%28L.%29+and+Anodonta+anatina+%28L.%29+%28Mollusca%3A+Bivalvia%29+in+southern+Irish+rivers+and+streams+with+records+from+other+areas&rft.au=Lucey%2C+J&rft.aulast=Lucey&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Irish+naturalists%27+journal.+Belfast&rft.issn=00211311&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Anodonta cygnea; Anodonta anatina; Ireland; ecological distribution; rivers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectra in Salmonella of sunlight, white fluorescent light, and light from tanning salon beds: Induction of tandem mutations and role of DNA repair AN - 16811567; 3761007 AB - We evaluated the mutagenicity of sunlight (SUN), uncovered coolwhite fluorescent light (FLR), and light from a tanning salon bed (TAN) at the base-substitution allele hisG46 of Salmonella in four DNA repair backgrounds (wild type, uvrB, pKM101, and uvrB + pKM101). Approximately 80% of the radiation emitted by TAN was within the ultraviolet (UV) range, whereas only similar to 10% of the SUN and similar to 1% of the FLR radiation was UV. TAN emitted similar amounts of UVA and UVB, whereas SUN emitted 50-60 x and FLR emitted 5-10 x more UVA relative to UVB. Based on total dose (UV + visible), the mutagenic potency ranking was TAN > FLR > SUN. Using colony probe hybridization and PCR/DNA sequence analysis, similar to 3000 revertants were analyzed to determine the mutational specificity of the three light sources. The mutation spectra and those induced by 254-nm UV had common features. The uvrB mutation enhanced the mutagenicity of the environmental UV sources more (20-216 x) than did the pKM101 plasmid ( similar to 20 x) relative to wild type DNA repair. All light sources induced equal proportions of transitions and transversions in excision repair-proficient strains, but they induced more transitions relative to transversions in uvrB-containing strains. The majority of the mutations were G - C arrow right A - T transitions that were induced equally frequently at the first or second position of the CCC codon of the hisG46 allele in all strains except TA1535 (uvrB), where SUN and FLR induced transitions preferentially at the first position, and TAN induced them preferentially at the second position. Identified or presumptive multiple mutations, which constituted the only mutational class enhanced by all three light sources in the presence of uvrB and pKM101 either alone or together, accounted for 3-5% of the induced mutations in the plasmid-containing strains, and their increases (38-82-fold) in TA100 (uvrB, pKM101) were the highest of any mutational class. Of the TAN-induced multiple mutations, 83% (19/23) were CC arrow right TT tandem transitions. These results show that exposures to the nonsolar environmental UV sources FLR and TAN produce mutations similar to those produced by SUN, a known carcinogen. JF - Mutation Research-Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Shelton, M L AU - Stankowski, LF Jr AD - Genet. Toxicol. Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 131 EP - 149 VL - 327 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA repair KW - mutagenicity KW - U.V. radiation KW - tanning KW - light KW - Salmonella KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials KW - G 07233:Radiation (U.V.) KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16811567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research-Fundamental+and+Molecular+Mechanisms+of+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectra+in+Salmonella+of+sunlight%2C+white+fluorescent+light%2C+and+light+from+tanning+salon+beds%3A+Induction+of+tandem+mutations+and+role+of+DNA+repair&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BStankowski%2C+LF+Jr&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=327&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research-Fundamental+and+Molecular+Mechanisms+of+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella; mutagenicity; light; DNA repair; tanning; U.V. radiation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing effects of agriculture on terrestrial wildlife: Developing a hierarchical approach for the US EPA AN - 16810403; 3759750 AB - Serious concerns exist about environmental and ecological degradation from modern agriculture. In response, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the US Department of Agriculture have established cooperative research programs in the midwestern USA to evaluate effects of different landscape structures and farming practices on crop yield, movement of agrichemicals, water and soil quality, and biodiversity. This paper develops the hierarchical approach for those efforts particularly in relation to wild plants and animals (invertebrates, birds, small mammals) in terrestrial habitats. The importance of considering different levels of biological organization and types of agricultural stressors over a hierarchy of spatial and temporal scales is developed and illustrated by studies from North America and Europe. EPA studies of farmland wildlife in the Midwest are used to illustrate an application of the hierarchical approach. Those efforts would be improved by more regionally specific information on effects for a greater variety of taxa and over a broader range of biological organization. Metapopulation dynamics also need study. More detailed studies are required to evaluate specific, alternative within-field management practices, land set-aside schemes, and habitat restoration or enhancement options. Development and linkage of GIS and spatially explicit population models would help develop, evaluate and communicate future scenarios. An opportunity exists in the Midwest programs to compare biological patterns at population, community and landscape levels with assessments of ecosystem processes over a hierarchy of spatio-temporal scales. The potential also exists to develop future scenarios which integrate across ecological, socio-political and economic perspectives. To accomplish this, a more inclusive and consultative approach is required. Changes in existing institutional processes and frameworks are likely required to promote the broad, integrated, transdisciplinary approaches needed for more effective planning, research and management of agricultural landscapes. JF - Landscape and Urban Planning AU - Freemark, K AD - U.S. EPA, Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 99 EP - 115 VL - 31 IS - 1-3 SN - 0169-2046, 0169-2046 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - USA KW - landscape architecture KW - agriculture KW - wildlife KW - D 04700:Management UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16810403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.atitle=Assessing+effects+of+agriculture+on+terrestrial+wildlife%3A+Developing+a+hierarchical+approach+for+the+US+EPA&rft.au=Freemark%2C+K&rft.aulast=Freemark&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=99&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Landscape+and+Urban+Planning&rft.issn=01692046&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; agriculture; landscape architecture; wildlife ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A value-informed framework for interdisciplinary analysis: Application to recovery planning for Snake River salmon AN - 16809866; 3762264 AB - Economic and social variables, in addition to biological variables, are often critical forces in directing recovery planning for threatened and endangered populations. Although including these variables in scientific analyses for recovery planning may be important, there is little agreement on how to integrate the relevant disciplines. The dilemma associated with interdisciplinary collaboration is that, while a diversity of values and perspectives is unavoidable, this diversity stands as a barrier to agreement on an integrative research approach. We describe a general framework for interdisciplinary analysis designed to support recovery planning that does not rely on choosing a single interdisciplinary approach. Rather, it uses value conflicts potentially arising in an interdisciplinary setting to select a diverse set of scientific approaches relevant to a particular conservation effort. We apply this framework to recovery planning for threatened Snake River chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and examine the implications of conflicts over the acceptability of institutional change, technological solutions, and transferability of recovery effort across groups responsible for the current status of the species. JF - Conservation Biology AU - Hyman, J B AU - Wernstedt, K AD - ManTech Environ., NHEERL-Corvalis, 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 625 EP - 635 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0888-8892, 0888-8892 KW - environmental legislation KW - freshwater fish KW - government policy KW - salmon fisheries KW - socio-economic aspects KW - sociological aspects KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts KW - USA, Snake R. KW - fisheries KW - fishery management KW - Oncorhynchus tshawytscha KW - nature conservation KW - USA KW - rare species KW - D 04668:Fish KW - Q1 08565:Policy, legislation and sociology KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16809866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Conservation+Biology&rft.atitle=A+value-informed+framework+for+interdisciplinary+analysis%3A+Application+to+recovery+planning+for+Snake+River+salmon&rft.au=Hyman%2C+J+B%3BWernstedt%2C+K&rft.aulast=Hyman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=625&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Conservation+Biology&rft.issn=08888892&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nature conservation; fisheries; salmon fisheries; freshwater fish; sociological aspects; fishery management; environmental legislation; rare species; government policy; socio-economic aspects; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; USA, Snake R.; USA ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioenergetics-based model for accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls by nestling tree swallows, Tachycineta bicolor AN - 16809769; 3760582 AB - A bioenergetics-based model was developed to simulate the accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls by nestling tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor). The model was largely parameterized using published information for passerine birds and accurately describes the observed growth of nestling swallows. The model was evaluated by comparing predicted concentrations of selected congeners with those measured in 15 d-old nestlings collected from two sites within the Saginaw River watershed. Residue concentrations in nestlings were calculated as the sum of compound inherited in the egg and that assimilated from the diet, consisting principally of emergent aquatic insects. Model predictions were in good agreement with those measured in nestlings collected from a relatively uncontaminated site but consistently overestimated concentrations in birds from an area of known sediment contamination. The cause of this discrepancy is unknown, but did not appear to be related to metabolic biotransformation of individual congeners. Instead, it is suggested that dietary composition may have varied between sites. Alternatively, food consumption by nestling birds may have been overestimated. The results of this study indicate that caution must be used when interpreting residue information from nestling swallows, which have been proposed for use as sentinels of local sediment contamination. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Nichols, J W AU - Larsen, C P AU - McDonald, ME AU - Niemi, G J AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 604 EP - 612 VL - 29 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - PCB KW - models KW - PCB compounds KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - bioaccumulation KW - Tachycineta bicolor KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16809769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Bioenergetics-based+model+for+accumulation+of+polychlorinated+biphenyls+by+nestling+tree+swallows%2C+Tachycineta+bicolor&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J+W%3BLarsen%2C+C+P%3BMcDonald%2C+ME%3BNiemi%2C+G+J%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=604&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Tachycineta bicolor; bioaccumulation; PCB compounds; models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the up-and-down, conventional LD sub(50), and fixed-dose acute toxicity procedures AN - 16807812; 3761354 AB - The up-and-down procedure (UDP), fixed-dose procedure (FDP) and conventional LD sub(50) tests were compared to determine their consistency in chemical hazard classification for acute oral toxicity according to the European Economic Community (EEC) system. There was consistent classification for 23 out of 25 cases between the UDP and the conventional LD sub(50) results, in 16 out of 20 cases between the FDP and the conventional LD sub(50), and in seven out of 10 cases between the UDP and the FDP. The UDP needed only between six and 10 animals of one sex (fewer than either the LD sub(50) or the FDP). Available literature indicates that the sexes are usually similar in their acute toxicity responses and that of females are often more sensitive than males when acute toxicity differences do exist, thus obviating the need for both sexes to be tested in most cases. Unlike the FDP, the UDP also estimates an LD sub(50), thus providing data directly applicable to all current hazard classification systems based on acute oral toxicity. JF - Food and Chemical Toxicology AU - Lipnick, R L AU - Cotruvo, JA AU - Hill, R N AU - Bruce, R D AU - Stitzel, KA AU - Walker, A P AU - Chu, I AU - Goddard, M AU - Segal, L AU - Springer, JA AU - Myers, R C AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Prev., Pesticides and Toxic Substances, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 223 EP - 231 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - standards KW - toxicity testing KW - measuring techniques KW - animal models KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16807812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+up-and-down%2C+conventional+LD+sub%2850%29%2C+and+fixed-dose+acute+toxicity+procedures&rft.au=Lipnick%2C+R+L%3BCotruvo%2C+JA%3BHill%2C+R+N%3BBruce%2C+R+D%3BStitzel%2C+KA%3BWalker%2C+A+P%3BChu%2C+I%3BGoddard%2C+M%3BSegal%2C+L%3BSpringer%2C+JA%3BMyers%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Lipnick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=223&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+Chemical+Toxicology&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity testing; measuring techniques; standards; animal models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of endometriosis in mice: A new model sensitive to estrogen AN - 16806298; 3754387 AB - Endometriosis consists of the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterus. A rat model of endometriosis is available to evaluate the potential for environmental chemicals to promote the disease but may be relatively insensitive for the evaluation of the hazard of certain compounds. Our objective, which was to develop a mouse model for endometriosis, was based on (a) the promotion of endometriosis in primates by 2, 3, 7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), (b) the apparent relationship between endometriosis and immunodeficiency, and (c) evidence that humoral immunity is suppressed in mice but not rats following TCDD exposure. In the mouse model, slices of uterus were sutured to intestinal mesenteric vessels. By 3 weeks after surgery, these sites were cyst-like structures. The growth of the sites was hormone dependent. In intact mice, sites measured 3.60 plus or minus 0.22 mm; vehicle and estrone (0.5 mu g/day) treatments produced site diameters of 0.95 plus or minus 0.128 and 5.28 plus or minus 0.355 mm, respectively. This new mouse model provides a sensitive and useful technique for future studies of the potential for specific xenobiotics to promote the development of endometriosis. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Cummings, A M AU - Metcalf, J L AD - MD-72, HERL, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 233 EP - 238 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - estrogens KW - TCDD KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - uterus KW - immunodeficiency KW - immunity (humoral) KW - endometriosis KW - xenobiotics KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16806298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Induction+of+endometriosis+in+mice%3A+A+new+model+sensitive+to+estrogen&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BMetcalf%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - endometriosis; uterus; immunodeficiency; immunity (humoral); xenobiotics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) distribution and cytochrome P4501A induction in young adult and senescent male mice AN - 16805932; 3754701 AB - While the developmental toxicology of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and its congeners has received considerable attention, the impact of advanced age on the biochemical effects and the pharmacokinetics of dioxins remains largely undetermined. In the present investigation, TCDD tissue distribution and cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) induction were characterized in male C57BL/6N mice aged 10 weeks and 28 months at 7 days after administration of single oral [ super(3)H]TCDD doses ranging from 0.015 to 15 mu g/kg body wt. Determinations of hepatic marker enzyme activities for CYP1A1 (ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation, EROD) and 1A2 (acetanilide-4-hydroxylation, ACOH) indicated that the dose response curves for EROD induction by TCDD were nearly identical for the 2 age groups, but the ACOH induction response was greater in old mice. After receiving the 15 mu g/kg dose, an increase ( similar to 35%) in relative liver weight was observed 7 days after dosing in the 10-week mice, but not in the aged mice, and the hepatic concentration of TCDD was similar to 25% greater in young than old mice. No age difference was found in hepatic nuclear concentrations of TCDD. A dose-dependent increase in liver:fat tissue concentration ratios was noted at both ages, and adipose tissue and blood concentrations of TCDD did not vary significantly with age. In old mice however, TCDD concentrations in skin, kidney and muscle were all approximately twice those of young mice at the 15 mu g/kg dose. These results suggest that advanced age may have differential effects on Ah receptor-mediated enzyme induction, while increased TCDD concentrations in certain tissues may have toxicological implications for older animals. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Pegram, R A AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Moore, T C AU - Gao, P AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Environ. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, MD-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 119 EP - 126 VL - 76 IS - 2 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - TCDD KW - cytochrome P4501A KW - mice KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16805932?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=2%2C3%2C7%2C8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+distribution+and+cytochrome+P4501A+induction+in+young+adult+and+senescent+male+mice&rft.au=Pegram%2C+R+A%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BMoore%2C+T+C%3BGao%2C+P%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Pegram&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=76&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=119&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro aluminum inhibition of brain phosphoinositide metabolism: Comparison of neonatal and adult rats AN - 16803007; 3755875 AB - Recent evidence indicates that the neurotoxic metal aluminum interferes with the phosphoinositide second messenger system in adult rats both in vitro and in vivo. We have examined the age-related effects of aluminum chloride (AlCl sub(3)) on receptor-stimulated inositol phosphate (IP) accumulation in brain slices from neonatal and adult rats in vitro. Carbachol-stimulated (1 mM) IP accumulation was greatest in frontal cortex slices from 7 day old rats, decreased in 14 day old and 21 day old rats, and was lowest in adults (120 days old). AlCl sub(3) (500 mu M) inhibited both basal and carbachol-stimulated IP accumulation in neonatal and adult rats. The effects of AlCl sub(3) were concentration-related and produced significant decreases (15-25%) in IP accumulation at 500 and 1000 mu M. The concentration-response curve for AlCl sub(3) was similar in 7 day old and adult rats. AlCl sub(3) reduced carbachol-, norepinephrine- and quisqualate-stimulated IP accumulation in both 7 day old and adult rats. The effects of 500 mu M AlCl sub(3) were examined on carbachol-stimulated IP accumulation in slices prepared from frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and cerebellum. Although IP accumulation was greater in slices from the 7 day old rats compared to adults in each tissue, AlCl sub(3) (500 mu M) decreased IP accumulation by approximately 20% in all regions at both ages. Aluminum produced concentration-dependent inhibition of phospholipase C in cortical homogenates which was similar in 7 day old and adult rats. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Mundy, W R AU - Freudenrich, T AU - Shafer, T J AU - Nostrandt, A C AD - Neurotoxicol. Div., MD-74B, U.S.EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 35 EP - 44 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - aluminum KW - phosphoinositides KW - phospholipase C KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - development KW - neurotoxicity KW - metals KW - striatum KW - neonates KW - hippocampus KW - brain KW - cortex (frontal) KW - cerebellum KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16803007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=In+vitro+aluminum+inhibition+of+brain+phosphoinositide+metabolism%3A+Comparison+of+neonatal+and+adult+rats&rft.au=Mundy%2C+W+R%3BFreudenrich%2C+T%3BShafer%2C+T+J%3BNostrandt%2C+A+C&rft.aulast=Mundy&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=35&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; development; cortex (frontal); hippocampus; striatum; cerebellum; metals; brain; neonates ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Setting provisional concentration levels AN - 16801568; 3749868 JF - Journal of Toxicology: Clinical Toxicology AU - Ellin, R I AD - EPA, Off. Policy, Plann., and Eval., Washington, DC 20004, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 285 EP - 286 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0731-3810, 0731-3810 KW - heavy metals KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - standards KW - chemical behavior KW - food KW - dietary intake KW - man KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16801568?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Clinical+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Setting+provisional+concentration+levels&rft.au=Ellin%2C+R+I&rft.aulast=Ellin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology%3A+Clinical+Toxicology&rft.issn=07313810&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dietary intake; standards; man; food; chemical behavior ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling human interindividual variability in metabolism and risk: The example of 4-aminobiphenyl AN - 16801337; 3754910 AB - We investigate, through modeling, the impact of interindividual heterogeneity in the metabolism of 4-aminobiphenyl (ABP) and in physiological factors on human cancer risk: A physiological pharmacokinetic model was used to quantify the time course of the formation of the proximate carcinogen, N-hydroxy-4-ABP and the DNA-binding of the active species in the bladder. The metabolic and physiologic model parameters were randomly varied, via Monte Carlo simulations, to reproduce interindividual variability. The sampling means for most parameters were scaled from values developed by Kadlubar et al. (Cancer Res., 51: 4371, 1991) for dogs; variances were obtained primarily from published human data (e.g., measurements of ABP N-oxidation, and arylamine N-acetylation in human liver tissue). In 500 simulations, theoretically representing 500 humans, DNA-adduct levels in the bladder of the most susceptible individuals are ten thousand times higher than for the least susceptible, and the 5th and 95th percentiles differ by a factor of 160. The simulations also suggest that the four factors contributing most significantly to interindividual differences in DNA-binding of ABP in human bladder are urine pH, ABP N-oxidation, ABP N-acetylation and urination frequency. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Bois, F Y AU - Krowech, G AU - Zeise, L AD - Reprod. and Cancer Hazard Assess. Sect., Off. Environ. Health Hazard Assess., State California-EPA, 2151 Berkeley Way, Annex 11, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 205 EP - 213 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - 4-aminobiphenyl KW - Risk Abstracts KW - toxicity KW - metabolism KW - physiology KW - cancer KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16801337?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Modeling+human+interindividual+variability+in+metabolism+and+risk%3A+The+example+of+4-aminobiphenyl&rft.au=Bois%2C+F+Y%3BKrowech%2C+G%3BZeise%2C+L&rft.aulast=Bois&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=205&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cancer; metabolism; physiology; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity and mutation spectra of 2-acetylaminofluorene at frameshift and base-substitution alleles in four DNA repair backgrounds of Salmonella AN - 16800024; 3754128 AB - We used colony probe hybridization procedures to determine the mutations in similar to 600 revertants of the -1 frameshift allele hisD3052 and similar to 200 revertants of the base-substitution allele hisG46 of Salmonella typhimurium induced by 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) in the presence of Aroclor-induced rat liver S9. 2-AAF was primarily a frameshift mutagen, exhibiting 5 times more frameshift than base-substitution activity. The only frameshift mutation 2-AAF induced at the hisD3052 allele was a hotspot (-2) deletion within the sequence CGCGCGCG. The addition of the pKM101 plasmid had a small effect on the mutagenic potency of 2-AAF at this allele in a uvr super(+) background and no effect on the mutation spectra in either a uvr super(+) or uvr super(-) background. The small amount of base-substitution activity exhibited by 2-AAF at the hisG46 allele required the presence of both the pKM101 plasmid and the uvrB mutation. The base substitutions were G - C arrow right T - A transversions (86%) and G - C arrow right A - T transitions (14%), and 85% of the substitutions were at the second position of the CCC target of the hisG46 allele; the remainder were at the first position. We propose that the hotspot frameshift may be initiated by N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene adducts located at the C(8) position of any of the guanines except the first one in the CGCGCGCG hotspot sequence. The mutation might then result from correct incorporation of cytosine opposite the adducted guanine, followed by a 2-base slippage according to our recently proposed correct-incorporation/slippage model. The hotspot mutation may also result from a 2-AAF-induced B- to Z-DNA transition at the repeating GpC site as well as by the action of enzymes involved in DNA metabolism, such as DNA resolvases or topoisomerases, on DNA structures that have been distorted by 2-AAF adducts. The small amount of 2-AAF-induced base-substitution activity may be due to mispairing of adenine opposite the minor aminofluorene adduct at the C(8) position of guanine. JF - Mutation Research-Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis AU - Shelton, M L AU - DeMarini, D M AD - Genet. Toxicol. Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 75 EP - 86 VL - 327 IS - 1-2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - N-2-fluorenylacetamide KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA adducts KW - frameshift mutant KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - revertants KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16800024?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research-Fundamental+and+Molecular+Mechanisms+of+Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+and+mutation+spectra+of+2-acetylaminofluorene+at+frameshift+and+base-substitution+alleles+in+four+DNA+repair+backgrounds+of+Salmonella&rft.au=Shelton%2C+M+L%3BDeMarini%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Shelton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=327&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research-Fundamental+and+Molecular+Mechanisms+of+Mutagenesis&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella typhimurium; revertants; frameshift mutant; DNA adducts ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Improving the regulation of carcinogens by expediting cancer potency estimation AN - 16799207; 3754927 AB - The statutory language of the Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 (Proposition 65; California Health and Safety Code 25249.5 et seq.) encourages rapid adoption of "no significant risk levels" (NSRLs), intakes associated with estimated cancer risks of no more than 1 in 100,000. Derivation of an NSRL for a carcinogen listed under Proposition 65 requires the development of a cancer potency value. This paper discusses the methodology for the derivation of cancer potencies using an expedited procedure, and provides potency estimates for a number of agents listed as carcinogens under Proposition 65. To derive expedited potency values, default risk assessment methods are applied to data sets selected from an extensive tabulation of animal cancer bioassays according to criteria used by regulatory agencies. A subset of these expedited values is compared to values previously developed by regulatory agencies using conventional quantitative risk assessment and found to be in good agreement. Specific regulatory activities which could be facilitated by adopting similar expedited procedures are identified. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Hoover, S M AU - Zeise, L AU - Pease, W S AU - Lee, LE AU - Hennig, M P AU - Weiss, L B AU - Cranor, C AD - Reprod. and Cancer Hazard Assess. Sect., Off. Environ. Health Hazard Assess., California EPA, 2151 Berkeley Way, Annex 11, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 267 EP - 280 VL - 15 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Proposition 65 KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Risk Abstracts KW - occupational health KW - government regulations KW - carcinogens KW - environmental health KW - USA, California KW - cancer KW - R2 23090:Policy and planning KW - H SM10.21:CANCER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16799207?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Improving+the+regulation+of+carcinogens+by+expediting+cancer+potency+estimation&rft.au=Hoover%2C+S+M%3BZeise%2C+L%3BPease%2C+W+S%3BLee%2C+LE%3BHennig%2C+M+P%3BWeiss%2C+L+B%3BCranor%2C+C&rft.aulast=Hoover&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, California; cancer; carcinogens; occupational health; environmental health; government regulations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption of cadmium and nickel in activated sludge AN - 16797672; 3752928 AB - Distribution of cadmium and nickel between operationally defined soluble and solid phases of activated sludge was investigated. The metal sorption process was characterized by describing it quantitatively as a function of time, pH and suspended solids concentration. Reversibility of the sorption process was studied by comparing metal adsorption and desorption edges. The effect of desorption kinetics on hysteresis of nickel was investigated. Equilibrium adsorption isotherms were developed for cadmium and nickel in activated sludge at different pH levels, and sorption capacity of soilds and conditions stability constants for metals-sludge reactions were determined using the Langmuir adsorption model. JF - Water Quality Research Journal of Canada AU - Kodukula, P S AU - Patterson, J W AU - Surampalli, R Y AD - U.S. EPA, P.O. Box 17-2141, Kansas City, KS 66117, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 227 EP - 297 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 1201-3080, 1201-3080 KW - hydrogen ion concentration KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - sorption KW - activated sludge KW - metals KW - nickel KW - cadmium KW - kinetics KW - heavy metals KW - P 3000:SEWAGE & WASTEWATER TREATMENT KW - SW 3040:Wastewater treatment processes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16797672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Quality+Research+Journal+of+Canada&rft.atitle=Sorption+of+cadmium+and+nickel+in+activated+sludge&rft.au=Kodukula%2C+P+S%3BPatterson%2C+J+W%3BSurampalli%2C+R+Y&rft.aulast=Kodukula&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Quality+Research+Journal+of+Canada&rft.issn=12013080&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sorption; cadmium; nickel; activated sludge; metals; kinetics; hydrogen ion concentration; heavy metals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative sensitivity of three freshwater benthic macroinvertebrates to ten contaminants AN - 16797513; 3756095 AB - The objective of this study was to determine the suitability of Hyalella azteca, Chironomus tentans and Lumbriculus variegatus as representative species for the assessment of sediment toxicity. Ten chemicals were tested at the U.S. EPA Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth, always using H. azteca and C. tentans and, occasionally, L. variegatus. The exposures were water-only, flow-through tests with measured chemical concentrations, which were conducted for 10 days in Lake Superior water. Chemicals tested included five metals (copper, lead, zinc, nickel, cadmium) and five pesticides (chlorpyrifos, dieldrin, p,p'-DDD,p,p'-DDE,p,p'-DDT). The amphipod was quite sensitive to the metals, while the midge often was exceptionally sensitive to the pesticides. No one of the three species was most (or least) sensitive to the toxicants. Toxicity of the contaminants to the three species was compared to the genus mean acute and chronic data found in U.S. EPA Water Quality Criteria (WQC) documents, as well as information from the AQUIRE database. The results of these comparisons indicated that the three species reasonably represent the range of sensitivities of other aquatic test species, and occasionally are among the most sensitive species when compared to others in the WQC database. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Phipps, G L AU - Mattson, V R AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. EPA, 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 281 EP - 286 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Chironomidae KW - Chironomus tentans KW - Diptera KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Lumbriculus variegatus KW - analytical methods KW - bioindicators KW - chemical pollutants KW - chemical pollution KW - freshwater organisms KW - macroinvertebrates KW - pollution effects KW - sediment pollution KW - test organisms KW - toxicity tests KW - water quality standards KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Entomology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - benthos KW - Freshwater KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - metals KW - pesticides KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - Z 05183:Toxicology & resistance KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - X 24136:Environmental impact UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16797513?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Relative+sensitivity+of+three+freshwater+benthic+macroinvertebrates+to+ten+contaminants&rft.au=Phipps%2C+G+L%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Phipps&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=281&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollutants; chemical pollution; freshwater organisms; test organisms; toxicity; metals; sediments; toxicity tests; benthos; sediment pollution; pollution effects; pesticides; bioindicators; water quality standards; macroinvertebrates; analytical methods; Hyalella azteca; Lumbriculus variegatus; Chironomidae; Chironomus tentans; Diptera; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytogenetic analyses of the in vitro and in vivo responses of murine cells to peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) AN - 16797459; 3752218 AB - Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) is one of a class of common air pollutant formed by the action of sunlight on volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides. PAN has been shown to be a bacterial mutagen. To determine if PAN can cause DNA damage in mammalian cells, we exposed murine peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) to various volumes of PAN in vitro and analyzed the cells for chromosome aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), and DNA damage using the single cell gel (SCG) assay. At in vitro concentrations of PAN that were cytotoxic (inhibited cell division), an increase in DNA damage was noted in the SCG assay. At lower exposure levels that permitted cell division, no increases in SCEs, CAs, or DNA damage were evident. For in vivo studies, male mice were exposed nose-only by inhalation for 1 h to 0, 15, 39 or 78 ppm PAN, and their lung cells removed and cultured for the scoring of SCEs and CAs. In addition, PBLs and lung cells were analyzed by the SCG assay. No dose-related effects were found in any of the assays. These data indicate that PAN does not appear to be a potent clastogen or DNA damaging agent in mammalian cells in vivo or in vitro. JF - Mutation Research AU - Kligerman, AD AU - Mottus, K AU - Erexson, G L AD - Genet. Toxicol. Div., Health Effects Res. Lab., Mail Drop 68, U.S. EPA, Research, Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 199 EP - 206 VL - 341 IS - 3 SN - 0165-1218, 0165-1218 KW - peroxyacetyl nitrate KW - mice KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - lymphocytes KW - genotoxicity KW - air pollution KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16797459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Cytogenetic+analyses+of+the+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+responses+of+murine+cells+to+peroxyacetyl+nitrate+%28PAN%29&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+AD%3BMottus%2C+K%3BErexson%2C+G+L&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=AD&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=341&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=01651218&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - genotoxicity; air pollution; lymphocytes; lung ER - TY - JOUR T1 - GeneTox manager for bacterial mutagenicity assays: A personal computer and minicomputer system AN - 16795741; 3752240 AB - GeneTox Manager (GTM) is a data capture, data management, and statistical analysis program used for microbial mutagenicity data. Its main purpose is to provide a homogeneous environment for the collection, organization, and analysis of data generated in the laboratory while also supporting a quality assurance program. The complete system consists of both a personal computer (PC) system and a minicomputer (VAX) system. The joint PC/VAX version of the system is designed to function with both the PC and VAX FOCUS databases so that the VAX can be used for long-term storage, archiving of files, and the analysis of large groups of data. Because of the highly specialized use and nature of the PC/VAX version, this discussion is focused upon the PC stand-alone version. The user-friendly system uses a structured menu system, screen entry helps, and other help screens. GTM provides tabular and graphical summaries of the data and performs specialized statistical analyses. This public domain software was written primarily using Clipper registered . The manuals and programs are now available through the government's National Technical Information Service. JF - Mutation Research AU - Claxton, L D AU - Creason, J AU - Nader, JA AU - Poteat, W AU - Orr, J D AD - Health Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 87 EP - 94 VL - 342 IS - 1-2 SN - 0165-1218, 0165-1218 KW - GeneTox Manager KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - computer programs KW - data acquisition KW - bacteria KW - data processing KW - mutagenicity testing KW - G 07220:General theory/testing systems KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16795741?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=GeneTox+manager+for+bacterial+mutagenicity+assays%3A+A+personal+computer+and+minicomputer+system&rft.au=Claxton%2C+L+D%3BCreason%2C+J%3BNader%2C+JA%3BPoteat%2C+W%3BOrr%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Claxton&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=342&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=01651218&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - data acquisition; data processing; mutagenicity testing; computer programs; bacteria ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional scale trend monitoring of indicators of trophic condition of lakes AN - 16793727; 3750362 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has proposed a sample survey design to answer questions about the ecological condition and trends in condition of U.S. ecological resources. To meet the objectives, the design relies on a probability sample of the resource population of interest (e.g., a random sample of lakes) each year on which measurements are made during an index period. Natural spatial and temporal variability and variability in the sampling process all affect the ability to describe the status of a population and the sensitivity for trend detection. We describe the important components of variance and estimate their magnitude for indicators of trophic condition of lakes to illustrate the process. We also describe models for tend detection and use them to demonstrate the sensitivity of the proposed design to detect trends. If the variance structure that develops during the probability surveys is like that synthesized from available databases and the literature, then the trends in common indicators of trophic condition of the specified magnitude should be detectable within about a decade for Secchi disk transparency (0.5-1 percent/year) and total phosphorus (2-3 percent/year), but not for chlorophyll-a (>3-4 percent/year), which will take longer. JF - Water Resources Bulletin AU - Larsen, D P AU - Urquhart, N S AU - Kugler, D L AD - U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 117 EP - 140 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0043-1370, 0043-1370 KW - classification systems KW - evaluation KW - freshwater lakes KW - model studies KW - monitoring KW - pollution monitoring KW - trophic level KW - trophic levels KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - lakes KW - water management KW - ecosystems KW - Freshwater KW - regional planning KW - USA KW - eutrophication KW - surveys KW - water resources KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08502:Methods and instruments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16793727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Regional+scale+trend+monitoring+of+indicators+of+trophic+condition+of+lakes&rft.au=Larsen%2C+D+P%3BUrquhart%2C+N+S%3BKugler%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Larsen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=117&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Bulletin&rft.issn=00431370&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; trophic levels; pollution monitoring; monitoring; freshwater lakes; lakes; regional planning; water management; ecosystems; evaluation; eutrophication; surveys; classification systems; water resources; model studies; trophic level; USA; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the cleanup fast-track: Project circumvents superfund AN - 16789614; 3744988 AB - Innovative agreements between EPA and a potentially responsible party (PRP) led to the cleanup of a mine tailing site in South Dakota in only 2.5 years. With an order for a response action, EPA circumvented the costly and time consuming legal procedures under Superfund, used Clean Water Act (CWA) provisions to expedite schedules, and completed a successful pilot project. JF - Water Environment & Technology AU - Long, D AU - Hagan, M AD - EPA Region 8, Denver, CO, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 29 EP - 30 VL - 7 IS - 5 SN - 1044-9493, 1044-9493 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - USA, South Dakota KW - mineral industry KW - water pollution KW - cleanup operations KW - remediation KW - mine wastes KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16789614?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=On+the+cleanup+fast-track%3A+Project+circumvents+superfund&rft.au=Long%2C+D%3BHagan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Long&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=29&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+%26+Technology&rft.issn=10449493&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cleanup operations; mine wastes; water pollution; remediation; mineral industry; USA, South Dakota ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impacts of agricultural herbicide use on terrestrial wildlife in temperate landscapes: A review with special reference to North America AN - 16786666; 3743258 AB - The existing literature was examined to assess the extent to which wildlife (plants, soil organisms, above-ground insects/arthropods, mammals, birds) living in terrestrial habitats has been affected by use of agricultural herbicides in temperate landscapes. Although North America was of special interest for regulatory reasons, the review was extended to western Europe because the most extensive and intensive work has been done there. The half-life of herbicides in the environment ranges from less than 1 month to more than 1 year. Wildlife within fields is most likely to be exposed to herbicides, particularly when fields are planted with crops (e.g. corn, soybean, wheat, cotton) which are routinely sprayed. Wildlife is also likely to be exposed in non-crop habitats adjoining croplands, primarily from direct overspray (especially during aerial application), and drift during and/or volatilisation after application. The most conclusive scientific evidence for direct effects of herbicides on arable weeds, and associated indirect effects on insects and birds exists in the United Kingdom. Evidence for similar effects in North America is primarily circumstantial at present. Little work has been done anywhere on impacts of herbicides on plants and their associated fauna in non-crop habitats adjoining treated fields. Chemical farming (in particular, the use of herbicides) has dramatically altered the habitat pattern of temperate landscapes in North America and western Europe. Strong evidence exists for adverse effects of changes in habitat pattern on beneficial insects and arthropods in the United Kingdom, and on birds in North America and western Europe. Toxicity testing guidelines for non-target plant protection need to be developed and enforced to support pesticide registration. In addition, research is needed to include more ecologically relevant plant species in laboratory tests, to develop multi-species tests (particularly in the field), to improve methods for risk assessment, and to develop options for mitigating risks. Large scale, long-term trans-disciplinary research of different farming systems is needed, particularly in North America, to integrate and better evaluate ecological, agronomic, and socio-economic costs and benefits of agricultural herbicide use in temperate landscapes. JF - Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment AU - Freemark, K AU - Boutin, C AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 67 EP - 91 VL - 52 IS - 2-3 SN - 0167-8809, 0167-8809 KW - agricultural practices KW - temperate environments KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - wildlife KW - agrochemicals KW - North America KW - herbicides KW - H SE1.21:WILDLIFE KW - D 04803:Pollution effects KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16786666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.atitle=Impacts+of+agricultural+herbicide+use+on+terrestrial+wildlife+in+temperate+landscapes%3A+A+review+with+special+reference+to+North+America&rft.au=Freemark%2C+K%3BBoutin%2C+C&rft.aulast=Freemark&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Agriculture%2C+Ecosystems+%26+Environment&rft.issn=01678809&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - North America; herbicides; wildlife; toxicity testing; agrochemicals; agricultural practices; temperate environments ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of PCB and trace metal bioaccumulation in the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, and the ribbed mussel, Modiolus demissus, in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts AN - 16779228; 3734936 AB - The accumulation of PCBs and trace metals was compared at 14-d intervals between two filter-feeding bivalves, the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis, and the ribbed mussel, Modiolus demissus, after deployment in New Bedford Harbor, Massachusetts, for up to 56 d. Contaminant uptake in deployed organisms also was compared with indigenous ribbed mussels. Significant mortality (>80%) occurred in blue mussels after 28 d, when water temperatures exceeded 25 degree C. Therefore, tissue-residue comparisons between species are presented only up to day 28, while those between deployed and indigenous ribbed mussels continue to day 56. Results indicated that total PCB tissue residues and congener distributions were not statistically different (p > 0.05) in the two mussel species on day 28. Total PCB concentrations in both deployed mussel species reached approximately 30 mu g g super(-1) dry weight by day 28. Additionally, total PCB concentrations and congener distributions in the deployed ribbed mussels were not statistically different from the indigenous ribbed mussels on day 28, demonstrating that steady state was attained within 28 d. With respect to metal uptake, no single accumulation pattern occurred for the eight metals quantified. After 28 d, lead, cadmium, and iron concentrations in deployed blue and ribbed mussels were statistically similar. However, nickel and zinc accumulations were significantly greater in the blue mussels, and copper, chromium, and manganese were accumulated to significantly higher concentrations in the ribbed mussels. The comparison between the ribbed mussels indicated that cadmium and lead concentrations were significantly higher in indigenous than in deployed mussels after 28 d. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Nelson, W G AU - Bergen, B J AU - Cobb, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 513 EP - 521 VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - Modiolus demissus KW - Mytilus edulis KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - bioindicators KW - filter feeders KW - mussels KW - pollutant persistence KW - pollution effects KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - sediment pollution KW - tissue analysis KW - water pollution effects KW - water temperature KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - bioaccumulation KW - trace elements KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - metals KW - trace metals KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - X 24156:Environmental impact KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - X 24153:Metabolism KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - D 04802:Pollution characteristics and fate KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16779228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+PCB+and+trace+metal+bioaccumulation+in+the+blue+mussel%2C+Mytilus+edulis%2C+and+the+ribbed+mussel%2C+Modiolus+demissus%2C+in+New+Bedford+Harbor%2C+Massachusetts&rft.au=Nelson%2C+W+G%3BBergen%2C+B+J%3BCobb%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Nelson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=513&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - metals; pollutant persistence; filter feeders; sediment pollution; pollution effects; trace metals; trace elements; water pollution; water temperature; PCB; bioaccumulation; bioindicators; PCB compounds; polychlorinated biphenyls; water pollution effects; mussels; tissue analysis; Modiolus demissus; Mytilus edulis; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and long-term effects of nine chemicals on the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) AN - 16779123; 3743749 AB - Ninety-six-hour acute and 28-day larval survival and growth tests were conducted with nine organic chemicals, using the Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) as the test organism. The nine tested chemicals were allyl isothiocyanate, aniline, benzyl acetate, 4-chloroaniline, 2-chloroethanol, 2,4-diaminotoluene, 1,2-dibromoethane, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and phenol. The derived 96-h LC50 values for medaka for all chemicals ranged from 0.077 mg/L for allyl isothiocyanate to 2,780 mg/L for 2,4-D. The chronic values for six of the nine chemicals tested ranged from 0.013 mg/L for allyl isothiocyanate to 42.5 mg/L for 2,4-D. Acute-to-chronic ratios for these six chemicals ranged from 1.4 for 2-chloroethanol to 70.9 for 2,4-D. Growth of medaka was significantly reduced in the lowest exposure concentration during 28-day larval tests with aniline, 4-chloroaniline, and 2,4-diaminotoluene. The estimated maximum acceptable toxicant concentration was reported as less than the lowest exposure concentration of 4.6, 2.2 and 40.3 mg/L for tests with aniline, 4-chloroaniline and 2,4-diaminotoluene, respectively. Chronic values for 2-chloroethanol and medaka were 12.6 mg/L during an embryo-larval test and 22.1 mg/L during the 28-day larval test. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Holcombe, G W AU - Benoit, DA AU - Hammermeister, DE AU - Leonard, EN AU - Johnson, R D AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Blvd., Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 287 EP - 297 VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Oryzias latipes KW - body weight KW - carcinogenesis KW - carcinogenicity testing KW - chemical pollutants KW - chemical pollution KW - embryonic development KW - exposure KW - fish KW - fish larvae KW - pollutants KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - carcinogens KW - toxicity KW - water pollution KW - larvae KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16779123?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+and+long-term+effects+of+nine+chemicals+on+the+Japanese+medaka+%28Oryzias+latipes%29&rft.au=Holcombe%2C+G+W%3BBenoit%2C+DA%3BHammermeister%2C+DE%3BLeonard%2C+EN%3BJohnson%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Holcombe&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollution; pollutants; fish; toxicity tests; carcinogens; chemical pollutants; embryonic development; larvae; carcinogenesis; toxicity; body weight; water pollution; fish larvae; exposure; toxicity testing; carcinogenicity testing; Oryzias latipes; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Synthesis and characterization of adducts of alachlor and 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide with 2'-deoxyguanosine, thymidine, and their 3'-monophosphates AN - 16777929; 3743879 AB - Adducts of the preemergence herbicide 2-chloro-N-(methoxy methyl)-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)-acetamide (alachlor) and 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethyl phenyl)acetamide (CDEPA) with 2'-deoxyguanosine, thymidine, 2'-deoxyguanosine 3'-monophosphate, and thymidine 3'-monophosphate have been synthesized and characterized. Under mildly basic conditions alachlor and CDEPA form N-1 adducts with 2'-deoxyguanosine and N-3 adducts with thymidine as a result of chlorine displacement. In addition, alachlor formed an N-7 adduct with 2'-deoxyguanosine, 7-[[(N-(methoxymethyl)-N-(2,6-diethyl phenyl)carbamoyl]methyl]guanine. N-1 adducts of alachlor and CDEPA with 2'-deoxyguanosine 3'-monophosphate and N-3 adducts with thymidine 3'-monophosphate are also described. In addition to spectroscopic data, structural proof included the dephosphorylation of each nucleotide adduct to its corresponding nucleoside adduct by nuclease P1. Alachlor and alachlor adducts but not CDEPA and CDEPA adducts exhibited rotational isomerism as evidenced by proton and super(13)C NMR studies. These rotamers were attributed to hindered rotation about the shortened N-carbonyl bond. Computational methods employing molecular mechanics and quantum mechanics were used to characterize the structures and energies of these rotamers to account for the patterns of duplicate NMR resonances observed. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Nesnow, S AU - Agarwal, S C AU - Padgett, W T AU - Lambert, G R AU - Boone, P AU - Richard, A M AD - Carcinog. and Metab. Branch (MD-68), Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 209 EP - 217 VL - 8 IS - 2 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - alachlor KW - 2-chloro-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide KW - 2'-deoxyguanosine KW - thymidine KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA adducts KW - herbicides KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24135:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16777929?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Synthesis+and+characterization+of+adducts+of+alachlor+and+2-chloro-N-%282%2C6-diethylphenyl%29acetamide+with+2%27-deoxyguanosine%2C+thymidine%2C+and+their+3%27-monophosphates&rft.au=Nesnow%2C+S%3BAgarwal%2C+S+C%3BPadgett%2C+W+T%3BLambert%2C+G+R%3BBoone%2C+P%3BRichard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Nesnow&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=209&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA adducts; herbicides ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A review of procedures for updating air quality modeling techniques for regulatory programs AN - 16777889; 3738305 AB - Air quality models are a key component in determining pollution control requirements. To ensure that the best techniques are used, modeling guidance must be flexible and include better techniques as they become available. Revisions to modeling guidance require an assessment of the scientific basis, a model performance evaluation using observed data, sensitivity analysis for impact on design concentrations and data input requirements, and public review and comment before formal adoption in regulatory programs. The procedures used in reviewing new techniques are examined in this paper, and past actions are discussed. The appropriateness of adopting a new method for modeling area sources characterized by low-level releases with little buoyancy is provided as an example of the revision review process. While this process is lengthy, it ensures that decisions on potentially costly pollution controls are based on full public participation and sound scientific developments. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Touma, J S AU - Irwin, J S AU - Tikvart, JA AU - Coulter, C T AD - Off. Air Qual. Plann. and Stand., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 731 EP - 737 VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - government regulations KW - economics KW - mathematical models KW - air pollution control KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16777889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=A+review+of+procedures+for+updating+air+quality+modeling+techniques+for+regulatory+programs&rft.au=Touma%2C+J+S%3BIrwin%2C+J+S%3BTikvart%2C+JA%3BCoulter%2C+C+T&rft.aulast=Touma&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution control; mathematical models; government regulations; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of emissions reductions on ozone predictions by the Regional Oxidant Model during the July 1988 episode AN - 16776286; 3738311 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Regional Oxidant Model, ROM2.2, was applied to a 2-10 July 1988 episode to test the regional episodic ozone response to different combinations of the across-the-board nitrogen oxides (NO sub(x)) and volatile organic compound (VOC) reductions in the eastern half of the United States. Geographical variations on the regional ozone responses to the across-the-board NO sub(x) and VOC reductions are investigated. Biogenic influences are also discussed. Subject to the limitation imposed by current input and model accuracy, the ROM results suggest that reduction of NO sub(x) emissions is a key factor in reducing regional ozone. The primary benefit of VOC reductions appears to be in reducing ozone peak values near NO sub(x)-source-intensive areas, such as large urban centers and/or large NO sub(x) point sources. In these NO sub(x)-source-intensive areas, a strategy featuring a combination of both NO sub(x) and VOC reductions appears to be most effective in reducing the regional ozone. Biogenic VOC emissions play an important role because of their high reactivities and large spatial coverage. JF - Journal of Applied Meteorology AU - Chu, Shao-Hang AU - Cox, WM AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Air Qual. Plann. and Stand., Tech. Support Div., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 679 EP - 693 VL - 34 IS - 3 SN - 0894-8763, 0894-8763 KW - USA, Eastern KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - ozone KW - volatile organic compounds KW - nitrogen oxides KW - emission control KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16776286?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+emissions+reductions+on+ozone+predictions+by+the+Regional+Oxidant+Model+during+the+July+1988+episode&rft.au=Chu%2C+Shao-Hang%3BCox%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Chu&rft.aufirst=Shao-Hang&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Applied+Meteorology&rft.issn=08948763&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ozone; volatile organic compounds; nitrogen oxides; emission control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A new solid medium for enumerating cellulose-utilizing bacteria in soil AN - 16770119; 3737270 AB - A solid medium containing ashed, acid-washed cellulose and a dye, Congo red, has been developed for enumeration of cellulose-utilizing bacteria in soil. Bacteria able to use the cellulose in this medium produced distinct zones of clearing around their colonies. A vivid contrast between the uniform red color of the medium and these halos made this method of differentiation of these organisms superior to other methods. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Hendricks, C W AU - Doyle, J D AU - Hugley, B AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2016 EP - 2019 VL - 61 IS - 5 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - cellulose KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - counting methods KW - soil microorganisms KW - cellulolytic bacteria KW - bacteria KW - media (culture) KW - A 01047:General KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - J 02704:Enumeration KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W2 32220:Cell culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16770119?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=A+new+solid+medium+for+enumerating+cellulose-utilizing+bacteria+in+soil&rft.au=Hendricks%2C+C+W%3BDoyle%2C+J+D%3BHugley%2C+B&rft.aulast=Hendricks&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=2016&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - counting methods; soil microorganisms; cellulolytic bacteria; bacteria; media (culture) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistent DDT metabolite p,p'-DDE is a potent androgen receptor antagonist AN - 16769133; 3742269 AB - The increase in the number of reports of abnormalities in male sex development in wildlife and humans coincided with the introduction of "oestrogenic" chemicals such as DDT (1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethane) into the environment. Although these phenotypic alterations are thought to be mediated by the oestrogen receptor, they are also consistent with inhibition of androgen receptor-mediated events. Here we report that the major and persistent DDT metabolite, p,p'-DDE (1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene), has little ability to bind the oestrogen receptor, but inhibits androgen binding to the androgen receptor, androgen-induced transcriptional activity, and androgen action in developing, pubertal and adult male rats. The results suggest that abnormalities in male sex development induced by p,p'-DDE and related environmental chemicals may be mediated at the level of the androgen receptor. JF - Nature AU - Kelce, W R AU - Stone, C R AU - Laws, S C AU - Gray, LE AU - Kemppainen, JA AU - Wilson, E M AD - Reprod. Toxicol. Branch, Dev. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 581 EP - 585 VL - 375 IS - 6532 SN - 0028-0836, 0028-0836 KW - androgen receptors KW - DDT KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids KW - sex KW - antagonists KW - X 24155:Biochemistry KW - N 14930:Transcription factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16769133?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Persistent+DDT+metabolite+p%2Cp%27-DDE+is+a+potent+androgen+receptor+antagonist&rft.au=Kelce%2C+W+R%3BStone%2C+C+R%3BLaws%2C+S+C%3BGray%2C+LE%3BKemppainen%2C+JA%3BWilson%2C+E+M&rft.aulast=Kelce&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=375&rft.issue=6532&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature&rft.issn=00280836&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - antagonists; sex ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Airborne bacteria in the atmospheric surface layer: Temporal distribution above a grass seed field AN - 16766105; 3738252 AB - Temporal airborne bacterial concentrations and meteorological conditions were measured above a grass seed field in the Willamette River Valley, near Corvallis, Oreg., in the summer of 1993. The concentration of airborne bacteria had a maximum of 1,368.5 CFU/m super(3), with a coefficient of variation of 90.5% and a mean of 121.3 CFU/m super(3). The lowest concentration of bacteria occurred during the predawn hours, with an average of 32.2 CFU/m super(3), while sunrise and early evening hours had the highest averages (164.7 and 158.1 CFU/m super(3), respectively). The concentrations of bacteria in the atmosphere varied greatly, with a maximum difference between two 2-min samples of 1,995 CFU/m super(3). The concentrations of bacteria in the atmosphere could be divided into five time periods during the day that were thought to be related to the local diurnal sea breeze and Pacific Coast monsoon weather conditions as follows: (i) the nighttime minimum concentration, i.e., 2300 to 0600 h; (ii) the sunrise peak concentration, i.e., 0600 to 0800 h; (iii) the midday accumulating concentration, i.e., 0800 to 1515 h; (iv) the late-afternoon sea breeze trough concentration, i.e., 1515 to 1700 h; and (v) the evening decrease to the nighttime minimum concentration, i.e., 1700 to 2300 h. The sunrise peak concentration (period ii) is thought to be a relatively general phenomenon dependent on ground heating by the sun, while the afternoon trough concentration is thought to be a relatively local phenomenon dependent on the afternoon sea breeze. Meteorological conditions are thought to be an important regulating influence on airborne bacterial concentrations in the outdoor atmosphere in the Willamette River Valley. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Lighthart, B AU - Shaffer, B T AD - U.S. EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1492 EP - 1496 VL - 61 IS - 4 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - airborne particulates KW - disease transmission KW - grass KW - particulates KW - Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - bacteria KW - USA, Oregon KW - J 02908:Air KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16766105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Airborne+bacteria+in+the+atmospheric+surface+layer%3A+Temporal+distribution+above+a+grass+seed+field&rft.au=Lighthart%2C+B%3BShaffer%2C+B+T&rft.aulast=Lighthart&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1492&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Oregon; bacteria; particulates; airborne particulates; disease transmission ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Balancing the rice carbon budget in China using spatially-distributed data AN - 16762007; 3731486 AB - Rice paddies are a source of food for over half of the world population and also the source of a very potent greenhouse gas, methane. We used the FAO soil map of the world to produce a high-resolution rice location map. Using published GIS-linked climate-based and yield-based empirical models, we calculated the net primary production (NPP) of rice fields in China. Values varied between 136 x 10 super(12) g C using climate drivers from digital maps to 222 x 10 super(12) g C using published grain production figures for 1988. We assumed that either 5% of NPP or 30% of the organic matter added to the soil during rice cultivation was transformed into methane, adding up to a total emission of 7 to 16 x 10 super(12) g C. We also gathered published data on fertilizer inputs and management practices and, using linear regression techniques, calculated the correlation between methane emission and carbon inputs to obtain a total emission value of 10 x 10 super(12) g C. Using the results for NPP (135-222 x 10 super(12) g C), methane emission (7-16 x 10 super(12) g C) and published grain production figures, we balanced the carbon budget of rice paddies estimating soil respiration at 51 x 10 super(12) g C for all Chinese rice fields or 159 g C m super(-2) y super(-1) for an average Chinese rice field, a number which agrees with published values for similar systems. This result confirmed our assumption that rice soils in China, where rice cultivation has occurred for several thousand years, were neither losing nor accruing carbon. However, any changes in the hydrology of these soils may transform them into significant carbon sources. Using the Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO) digital map of the soils of the world, we estimated soil carbon content for the rice-growing regions of China and quantified the potential carbon losses that would occur if these soils were drained. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Bachelet, D AU - Kern, J AU - Toelg, M AD - ManTech Environ. Technol. Inc., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 167 EP - 177 VL - 79 IS - 1-3 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - China KW - carbon KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - geographic information systems KW - methanogenesis KW - rice fields KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications KW - D 04636:Grasses UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16762007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Balancing+the+rice+carbon+budget+in+China+using+spatially-distributed+data&rft.au=Bachelet%2C+D%3BKern%2C+J%3BToelg%2C+M&rft.aulast=Bachelet&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=79&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - rice fields; geographic information systems; methanogenesis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A field information-based system for estimating fish temperature tolerances AN - 16752901; 3726943 AB - In 1979, Biesinger et al. described a technique for spatial and temporal matching of records of stream temperatures and fish sampling events to obtain estimates of yearly temperature regimes for freshwater fishes of the United States. This article describes the state of this Fish and Temperature Database Matching System (FTDMS), its usage to estimate thermal requirements for fishes, some proposed maximum temperature tolerances for several freshwater fish species, and the way these FTDMS-derived values relate to various laboratory test results. Although applicable to all species for which collection records exist, initial development and refinement of FTDMS has focused on estimating the maximum weekly mean temperature tolerance for 30 common fishes of the United States. The method involves extensive use of automated data processing during data incorporation, quality assurance checks, data matching, and endpoint calculation. Maximum weekly mean temperatures derived from FTDMS were always less than laboratory-determined lethal temperatures and were similar to temperature criteria obtained from laboratory data through Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) interpolation procedures. The technique is a cost-effective means of generating temperature tolerance estimates for many U.S. fish species (i.e., more than 100). JF - Fisheries AU - Eaton, J G AU - McCormick, J H AU - Goodno, B E AU - O'Brien, D G AU - Stefany, H G AU - Hondzo, M AU - Scheller, R M AD - Environ. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 10 EP - 19 VL - 20 IS - 4 SN - 0363-2415, 0363-2415 KW - acclimation KW - body temperature KW - fish physiology KW - temperature tolerance KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - climatic changes KW - environmental monitoring KW - freshwater fish KW - physiology KW - greenhouse effect KW - pollution effects KW - Q1 08382:Ecological techniques and apparatus KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16752901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fisheries&rft.atitle=A+field+information-based+system+for+estimating+fish+temperature+tolerances&rft.au=Eaton%2C+J+G%3BMcCormick%2C+J+H%3BGoodno%2C+B+E%3BO%27Brien%2C+D+G%3BStefany%2C+H+G%3BHondzo%2C+M%3BScheller%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=10&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fisheries&rft.issn=03632415&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environmental monitoring; acclimation; freshwater fish; physiology; temperature tolerance; fish physiology; pollution effects; greenhouse effect; body temperature; climatic changes; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water-conditioning tank to control supersaturation and temperature AN - 16740496; 3721887 AB - An inexpensive system to control temperature and supersaturation of gases in supply water for fish-culture facilities is described. The system has been used for small delivery systems, as well as for a 1,000-gal water-conditioning system supplying 11.9 gal/min to a test apparatus. JF - Progressive Fish-Culturist AU - Herman, L J AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 164 EP - 165 VL - 57 IS - 2 SN - 0033-0779, 0033-0779 KW - degassing columns KW - temperature control KW - water conditioning KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts KW - supersaturation KW - culture tanks KW - fish culture KW - water treatment KW - aquaculture systems KW - Freshwater KW - water temperature KW - design KW - Q3 08582:Fish culture KW - O 5060:Aquaculture KW - Q1 08582:Fish culture UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16740496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Progressive+Fish-Culturist&rft.atitle=Water-conditioning+tank+to+control+supersaturation+and+temperature&rft.au=Herman%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Herman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=57&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=164&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Progressive+Fish-Culturist&rft.issn=00330779&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - culture tanks; supersaturation; fish culture; water treatment; aquaculture systems; water temperature; design; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and field validation of a microcosm to simulate the mercury cycle in a contaminated pond AN - 16735246; 3715076 AB - A microcosm consisting of water, sediment, and air compartments was used to simulate mercury geochemical cycling in a mercury-contaminated ( mu g/L) pond at Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Total and dissolved mercury and total methylmercury were analyzed in water and sediment; total gaseous mercury and head-space mercury were analyzed in the water and head space, respectively. The production of gaseous mercury was correlated to dissolved mercury (0.2- mu m filtration), and methyl-mercury was mainly produced in the sediment compartment. Addition of mercuric chloride to the system increased the production of head-space mercury by a factor of 10 but did not affect the methylation rate. Saturation of gaseous mercury in microcosm water varied from 480 to 1,500% of the solubility of elemental mercury and was controlled by unidentified factors. The microcosm maintained stable conditions for up to 3 weeks, and a mass balance indicated that it reasonably simulated the cycling of mercury in the pond. This microcosm could be used to test remedial treatments aimed at decreasing the amount of mercury that is available for accumulation by biota. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Saouter, E AU - Gillman, M AU - Turner, R AU - Barkay, T AD - U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 69 EP - 77 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - biogeochemical cycle KW - chemical speciation KW - dimethylmercury KW - fate of pollutants KW - geochemistry KW - mercury KW - methyl mercury KW - microcosms KW - remediation KW - sediment pollution KW - volatility KW - water pollution sources KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - biogeochemistry KW - Freshwater KW - simulation KW - water pollution KW - USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge KW - ponds KW - water analysis KW - aquatic environment KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - X 24166:Environmental impact KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16735246?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Development+and+field+validation+of+a+microcosm+to+simulate+the+mercury+cycle+in+a+contaminated+pond&rft.au=Saouter%2C+E%3BGillman%2C+M%3BTurner%2C+R%3BBarkay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Saouter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogeochemistry; sediment pollution; simulation; methyl mercury; ponds; microcosms; biogeochemical cycle; water analysis; chemical speciation; aquatic environment; water pollution; geochemistry; mercury; remediation; volatility; water pollution sources; fate of pollutants; USA, Tennessee, Oak Ridge; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the BioGenesis super(SM) soil washing technology AN - 16734705; 3714865 AB - The BioGenesis Enterprises, Inc. (BioGenesis) soil washing technology was demonstrated as part of the US Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) program in November 1992. The demonstration was conducted over three days at a petroleum refinery where soils were contaminated with crude oil. The BioGenesis soil cleaning process consists of two stages. In the first stage, contaminants are transferred from the soil matrix to a liquid phase using a proprietary surfactant solution. In the second stage, the surfactant solution enhances biodegradation of residual contamination in soil. For the SITE demonstration, three runs were conducted over three days, each treating 18 cubic yards of soil. Based on chemical analyses conducted on soils collected prior to the demonstration, total recoverable petroleum hydrocarbon (TRPH) was selected as the parameter of concern for the SITE demonstration. TRPH concentrations were monitored in treated and contaminated soils, water, and wastewater. Results of chemical analyses show that TRPH levels decreased by 65-73% in washed soils. The TRPHs in residual soils indicate that soil washing and biodegradation together removed 85-88% of TRPH after 120 days. The treatment system's performance was found to be reproducible at constant operating conditions. This paper presents an introduction, a technology description, the experimental design of the SITE demonstration, SITE demonstration results, and conclusions. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Gatchett, A AU - Banerjee, P AD - U.S. EPA, Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Superfund Technol. Demonstration Div., 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 165 EP - 173 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - soil washing KW - Superfund sites KW - evaluation KW - soil management KW - refineries KW - soil remediation KW - Superfund KW - hazardous wastes KW - waste disposal sites KW - crude oil KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - technology KW - oil KW - biodegradation KW - soil contamination KW - surfactants KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16734705?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+BioGenesis+super%28SM%29+soil+washing+technology&rft.au=Gatchett%2C+A%3BBanerjee%2C+P&rft.aulast=Gatchett&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=165&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - evaluation; soil contamination; soil management; technology; surfactants; biodegradation; oil; refineries; soil remediation; Superfund; hazardous wastes; waste disposal sites; crude oil ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conjugal transfer at natural population densities in a microcosm simulating an estuarine environment AN - 16725661; 3712973 AB - Estuarine microcosms were used to follow conjugal transfer of a broad host range IncP1 plasmid from a Pseudomonas putida donor to indigenous bacteria. Donor cells were added at a concentration similar to the natural abundance of bacteria in the water column (10 super(6) cells/ml). Transfer was not detected in any of the test microcosms (calculated limit of detection of 10 super(-7) and 10 super(-4) transconjugants/donor in water column and sediment, respectively), with the exception of transfer to an isogenic recipient (added at 10 super(5) cells/ml) in sediments of controls that had been inoculated with both donors and recipients. The same plasmid was transferred with high efficiencies (10 super(-1) to 10 super(-3)) to a variety of recipients in filter and broth matings. These results suggest that if conjugal gene transfer occurred, it was at efficiencies that were not detectable in estuarine microcosms simulating natural population densities. JF - FEMS Microbiology Ecology AU - Barkay, T AU - Kroer, N AU - Rasmussen, L D AU - Sorensen, S J AD - Microb. Ecol. and Biotechnol. Branch, U.S. EPA, 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 43 EP - 54 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0168-6496, 0168-6496 KW - genetically engineered microorganisms KW - microbiological analysis KW - plasmid IncP1 KW - risk assessment KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Ecology Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - conjugation KW - population density KW - risks KW - Brackish KW - biotechnology KW - estuaries KW - microcosms KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - microorganisms KW - N 14673:Conjugation KW - Q1 08205:Genetics and evolution KW - J 02905:Water KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - D 04620:Microorganisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16725661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.atitle=Conjugal+transfer+at+natural+population+densities+in+a+microcosm+simulating+an+estuarine+environment&rft.au=Barkay%2C+T%3BKroer%2C+N%3BRasmussen%2C+L+D%3BSorensen%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Barkay&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=43&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=FEMS+Microbiology+Ecology&rft.issn=01686496&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microbiological analysis; biotechnology; estuaries; microcosms; conjugation; population density; risks; microorganisms; risk assessment; Pseudomonas putida; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactions among salinity, temperature, and age on growth of the estuarine mysid Mysidopsis bahia reared in the laboratory through a complete life cycle. I. Body mass and age-specific growth rate AN - 16712151; 3702979 AB - A broad range of salinity-temperature conditions (salinities from 3-31ppt and temperatures from 19-31 degree C) significantly influenced growth rates and subsequent body mass of the estuarine mysid Mysidopsis bahia reared in the laboratory from the first juvenile stage through first brood production by the mature adult. Not only did salinity and temperature significantly interact to affect mysid growth, but a highly significant three-factor salinity-temperature-age interaction modified growth in this species. Response surfaces depict that maximum body mass was obtained after 4 weeks at temperatures between 24 and 29 degree C and in salinities (S) above 19ppt. Optimal salinity-temperature conditions for growth of M. bahia are correlated with both its resistance patterns to these dominant environmental factors and its distribution pattern in estuarine waters. Canonical analysis of the empirical data produced an absolute maximum dry weight at 26ppt S and 27 degree C after 4 weeks of growth. Salinity conditions accounting for optimal growth are in close agreement with the isosmotic point (24ppt S) for this species, suggesting reduced growth efficiency concurrent with osmotic stress, particularly hypoosmotic stress. Maximum growth rates of mysids reared under a broad salinity-temperature range occurred during the second week, just prior to maturation, suggesting that changing levels of reproduction are correlated with modifications in mysid growth over time. JF - Journal of crustacean biology. Washington DC AU - McKenney, CL Jr AU - Celestial, D M AD - EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 169 EP - 178 VL - 15 IS - 1 SN - 0278-0372, 0278-0372 KW - salinity KW - temperature KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - Mysidopsis bahia KW - age KW - growth rate KW - body weight KW - D 04665:Crustaceans UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16712151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+crustacean+biology.+Washington+DC&rft.atitle=Interactions+among+salinity%2C+temperature%2C+and+age+on+growth+of+the+estuarine+mysid+Mysidopsis+bahia+reared+in+the+laboratory+through+a+complete+life+cycle.+I.+Body+mass+and+age-specific+growth+rate&rft.au=McKenney%2C+CL+Jr%3BCelestial%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=McKenney&rft.aufirst=CL&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+crustacean+biology.+Washington+DC&rft.issn=02780372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Mysidopsis bahia; growth rate; body weight; age ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Possible errors in assay for beta -glycosidase activity AN - 16711682; 3709460 AB - Cecal homogenates were assayed for the enzymes beta -glucosidase, beta -glucuronidase, and beta -galactosidase. Anaerobic incubation with the addition of excess 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene, a substrate for nitroreductase, significantly increased the detection of the beta -glycosidase enzymes' activities. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Chadwick, R W AU - Allison, J C AU - Talley, D L AU - George, SE AD - Genet. Toxicol. Div., Health Eff. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 820 EP - 822 VL - 61 IS - 2 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - beta -glycosidase KW - 3,4-dichloronitrobenzene KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - toxicity KW - cecum KW - anaerobic microorganisms KW - assays KW - J 02821:Assays KW - A 01116:Bacteria UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16711682?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Possible+errors+in+assay+for+beta+-glycosidase+activity&rft.au=Chadwick%2C+R+W%3BAllison%2C+J+C%3BTalley%2C+D+L%3BGeorge%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Chadwick&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=820&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cecum; anaerobic microorganisms; toxicity; assays ER - TY - JOUR T1 - PCB Congeners and hexachlorobenzene biota sediment accumulation factors for Macoma nasuta exposed to sediments with different total organic carbon contents AN - 16711030; 3708049 AB - Deposit-feeding marine clams (Macoma nasuta) were exposed for 119 d to three sediment types that varied in total organic carbon (TOC) from 0.8 to 2.5%. Sediments were spiked with equal concentrations of 13 polychlorinated biphenyl congeners and hexachlorobenzene. Tissue residues were measured, and steady-bioaccumulation factors (BAFs), the corresponding lipid, and TOC-normalized biota sediment accumulation factors (BSAFs) were determined. The BSAFs were less variable than were the BAFs with the exception of compounds with log K sub(ow) > 7. Many of the BASFs exceeded 1.7, which is a calculated maximum value based on partitioning alone. Although BSAFs varied with sediment type and compound, the use of a BSAF of 4 as a screening level for neutral organic compounds in assessing dredge materials is supported by the present study. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Boese, B L AU - Winsor, M AU - Lee, H II AU - Echols, S AU - Pelletier, J AU - Randall, R AD - U.S. EPA, Pac. Ecosyst. Branch, Newport, OR 97365-5260, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 303 EP - 310 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Macoma nasuta KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - aromatics KW - clams KW - hexachlorobenzene KW - pollution effects KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - sediment pollution KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - bioaccumulation KW - sediments KW - USA, Oregon KW - Marine KW - Brackish KW - INE, USA, Oregon KW - organic compounds KW - marine environment KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16711030?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=PCB+Congeners+and+hexachlorobenzene+biota+sediment+accumulation+factors+for+Macoma+nasuta+exposed+to+sediments+with+different+total+organic+carbon+contents&rft.au=Boese%2C+B+L%3BWinsor%2C+M%3BLee%2C+H+II%3BEchols%2C+S%3BPelletier%2C+J%3BRandall%2C+R&rft.aulast=Boese&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; organic compounds; aromatics; marine environment; sediments; sediment pollution; pollution effects; PCB; bioaccumulation; hexachlorobenzene; PCB compounds; clams; polychlorinated biphenyls; water pollution effects; Macoma nasuta; INE, USA, Oregon; USA, Oregon; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of thermal desorption technologies to hazardous waste sites AN - 16706520; 3702482 AB - Thermal desorption is a separation process frequently used to remediate many Superfund sites. Thermal desorption technologies are recommended and used because of (1) the wide range of organic contaminants effectively treated, (2) availability and mobility of commercial systems, and (3) the public acceptance of the treatment approach. Thermal desorption is applicable to many organic wastes and generally not used for treating inorganics and metals. Commercial systems are now in operation remediating Superfund sites, and more are under construction. The public has shown a preference for this technology over incineration because, as a separation process, it seems less likely to create dioxins and other oxidation products. The US EPA SITE program has evaluated the major thermal desorption vendors to answer several questions about the technology; what is the treatment effectiveness, are there products of incomplete combustion, and what are the air emissions? JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - de Percin, PR AD - U.S. EPA, Off. Res. Dev., 26 W. M.L. King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 203 EP - 209 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - thermal desorption KW - Superfund KW - waste storage KW - hazardous wastes KW - waste disposal sites KW - separation processes KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - technology KW - wastewater treatment KW - remediation KW - hazardous materials KW - organic wastes KW - organic compounds KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - H SE3.23:WASTE DISPOSAL KW - P 4000:WASTE MANAGEMENT UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16706520?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Application+of+thermal+desorption+technologies+to+hazardous+waste+sites&rft.au=de+Percin%2C+PR&rft.aulast=de+Percin&rft.aufirst=PR&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - wastewater treatment; waste storage; hazardous materials; remediation; organic compounds; technology; organic wastes; Superfund; hazardous wastes; waste disposal sites; separation processes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remediation of low permeability subsurface formations by fracturing enhancement of soil vapor extraction AN - 16706079; 3702480 AB - This paper describes the Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation ((SITE) of pneumatic and hydraulic fracturing to augment and improve the extraction of volatile contaminants from soil. The fracturing procedures involve a physical pressurization process that creates fissures and channels in soils to enhance fluid or vapor flow in the subsurface. Fractures are placed at specific locations and depths inside the boreholes of wells to increase the effectiveness of in situ remedial technologies, especially soil vapor extraction (SVE). The fracturing technology is primarily beneficial in tightly packed geologic formations having low permeabilities. Results from several demonstrations indicated orders of magnitude increases in subsurface vapor flow and contaminated vapor extraction rates after soil fracturing. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Frank, U AU - Barkley, N AD - U.S. EPA, Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 191 EP - 201 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Superfund sites KW - vapor extraction KW - water pollution treatment KW - volatility KW - fluid flow KW - geologic formations KW - subsurface water KW - geologic fractures KW - soil remediation KW - Superfund KW - waste disposal sites KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - remediation KW - soil contamination KW - permeability KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16706079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Remediation+of+low+permeability+subsurface+formations+by+fracturing+enhancement+of+soil+vapor+extraction&rft.au=Frank%2C+U%3BBarkley%2C+N&rft.aulast=Frank&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water pollution treatment; soil contamination; volatility; fluid flow; remediation; geologic formations; subsurface water; permeability; geologic fractures; soil remediation; Superfund; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A statistical analysis of stationary source compliance test audit data AN - 16706026; 3702377 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) provides audit materials to organizations conducting compliance tests using EPA Test Methods 6 (SO sub(2)), 7 (NO sub(x)), 18 (organics by GC), 25 (organics as ppm C), 106 (vinyl chloride), and 26 (HCl), and to those organizations conducting trial burn testing for toxic volatile organics under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (Method 0030). These audit samples must be analyzed and the results reported to the regulatory agency along with the compliance test results. Each regulation specifies accuracy (percent bias) limits that must be achieved on the audit samples. Failure to meet these accuracy limits may invalidate the compliance test results. A statistical analysis was done on the results from 4,321 compliance audits to determine if the limits will be achieved by most organizations. This analysis determined that they are likely to be achieved more than 90% of the time for Methods 6, 7, and 26, and also for some of the organics measured by Methods 18 and 0030. However, they are not likely to be achieved even 50% of the time for Method 25 and for many method 18 measurements. No decision could be made for Method 106 because of insufficient data. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Mitchell, W J AU - Suggs, J C AU - Streib, E W AD - Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assess. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 83 EP - 88 VL - 45 IS - 2 SN - 1047-3289, 1047-3289 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - toxic materials KW - air pollution measurements KW - compliance KW - EPA KW - volatile organic compounds KW - measuring methods KW - environmental audits KW - federal regulations KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16706026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=A+statistical+analysis+of+stationary+source+compliance+test+audit+data&rft.au=Mitchell%2C+W+J%3BSuggs%2C+J+C%3BStreib%2C+E+W&rft.aulast=Mitchell&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=10473289&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution measurements; compliance; federal regulations; EPA; toxic materials; volatile organic compounds; measuring methods; environmental audits ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil-washing technology and practice AN - 16705921; 3702477 AB - Soil washing in the United States has been studied and evaluated with increasing thoroughness during the last 15 to 20 years. It is now entering a phase of actual use and acceptance as its applicability and economics become clearer. This paper reviews the principles behind soil washing, methods of predicting and measuring its performance, some typical soil-washing processes, and several recent field applications. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Griffiths, R A AD - Releases Control Branch (MS-104), Risk Reduct. Eng. Lab., U.S. EPA, 2890 Woodbridge Ave., Edison, NJ 08837, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 175 EP - 189 VL - 40 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - soil washing KW - pollution KW - soil management KW - solubility KW - soil remediation KW - economics KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - technology KW - remediation KW - soil contamination KW - surfactants KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16705921?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=Soil-washing+technology+and+practice&rft.au=Griffiths%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=175&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil contamination; soil management; technology; surfactants; solubility; remediation; soil remediation; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of emissions inventories for evaluation of Eulerian acid deposition models AN - 16705383; 3699676 AB - During the past decade, acid deposition has been a primary environmental problem of concern for the governments of the United States and Canada. In order to better evaluate and study the problem, these governments and other organizations have developed and used Eulerian mathematical models to bring together the sciences of chemistry, physics, and meteorology. Since these models use emissions of acid rain precursors as input, it is important that these emissions estimates be as accurate as possible. A paper, entitled "The Eulerian Model Evaluation Field Study" (EMEFS), gives an overview of the activities of a binational (U.S./Canadian) group organized to conduct an extensive field study to evaluate two Eulerian models. That group appointed and directs the activities of four teams: diagnostic measurements, operational (surface) measurements, model evaluation, and emissions inventory. This paper describes the emissions inventory that was developed by the emissions inventory team (EIT) and is being used as input to the Eulerian models discussed in the above referenced paper. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Kaplan, N AU - DeWaters, JE AU - Ryan, R AU - Novak, J H AD - Air and Energy Eng. Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 17 EP - 24 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - mathematical models KW - emission inventories KW - environmental protection KW - acid rain KW - USA KW - Canada KW - research programs KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16705383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Development+of+emissions+inventories+for+evaluation+of+Eulerian+acid+deposition+models&rft.au=Kaplan%2C+N%3BDeWaters%2C+JE%3BRyan%2C+R%3BNovak%2C+J+H&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=17&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; Canada; acid rain; emission inventories; mathematical models; research programs; environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fresh as a coal mine: The warning signs of indoor air pollution AN - 16692023; 3698573 AB - In the mid-1980s, a rash of sick workers with similar symptoms at the Environmental Protection Agency's headquarters in Southwest Washington prompted an investigation into the causes of sick building syndrome. While the investigation still continues, the building industry has responded with some design changes to improve ventilation. But ventilation is just one of the problems of a sick building, which range from spore-producing molds to a host of potential sources of chemical pollution. JF - WASH. OFFICE AU - Leclair, V AD - Washington Office, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SN - 1070-275X, 1070-275X KW - USA, Washington, District of Columbia KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - occupational health KW - air pollution KW - ventilation KW - indoor environments KW - pollution effects KW - chemical pollution KW - sick building syndrome KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16692023?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WASH.+OFFICE&rft.atitle=Fresh+as+a+coal+mine%3A+The+warning+signs+of+indoor+air+pollution&rft.au=Leclair%2C+V&rft.aulast=Leclair&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=WASH.+OFFICE&rft.issn=1070275X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sick building syndrome; indoor environments; air pollution; occupational health; ventilation; chemical pollution; pollution effects ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The reuse of urban and industrial waste in Tai-Lin-Pu reclamation project, Taiwan AN - 16208892; 4273795 AB - This study introduces the principles of KMG's (Kaoshiung Municipal Government) dealing with the non-poisonous urban and industrial waste through reclamation of shore land in reinforcing a sense of coastal protection and land development in Tai-Lin-Pu coastal area, southern Taiwan. Through a series of experimental studies, we found that substitutes of coarse aggregate with a broad spectrum of integrating slag powder, fly ash, and cementitious material can be obtained with a benefit up to 80% saving of cement. The integrated aggregates from the non-poisonous industrial wastes were subsequently made into armour units and used in the field tests at Tai-Lin-Pu coastal area, where the shorelines are seriously eroded. After being subjected to several severe typhoon advents, the results showed that the waste-made units used as the protection breakwater, together with construction wastes and excavated soil as the filling material, prove to be an effective practice in utilizing recycled urban waste to reclaim erosive shore lands. Moreover, this study also demonstrates that through detailed analysis of the waste characteristics, scrap material could be turned into valuable construction aggregates, and highlights the value of non-poisonous urban and industrial waste as a alternative resource for the shore protection engineering. JF - Chemistry and Ecology AU - Chuang, J C AU - Lan, Y C AU - Hsu, Y S AU - Chuang, S L AU - Liaw AU - Chang, C S AD - EPA Kaohsiung Municipal Govt., Kaohsiung, Taiwan Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 97 EP - 104 PB - Gordon & Breach Science Publishers VL - 10 IS - 1-2 SN - 0275-7540, 0275-7540 KW - ASFA 2: Ocean Technology Policy & Non-Living Resources; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Marine KW - Fly ash KW - Aggregates KW - ISEW, Taiwan, Tai-Lin-Pu KW - Breakwaters KW - Industrial wastes KW - Shore protection KW - Concrete structures KW - Field tests KW - Waste recovery KW - Land reclamation KW - Coasts KW - SW 3050:Ultimate disposal of wastes KW - Q2 09327:Coast defences and harbour works UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16208892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemistry+and+Ecology&rft.atitle=The+reuse+of+urban+and+industrial+waste+in+Tai-Lin-Pu+reclamation+project%2C+Taiwan&rft.au=Chuang%2C+J+C%3BLan%2C+Y+C%3BHsu%2C+Y+S%3BChuang%2C+S+L%3BLiaw%3BChang%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Chuang&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemistry+and+Ecology&rft.issn=02757540&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Breakwaters; Shore protection; Industrial wastes; Concrete structures; Fly ash; Land reclamation; Aggregates; Coasts; Field tests; Waste recovery; ISEW, Taiwan, Tai-Lin-Pu; Marine ER - TY - CONF T1 - Long Island Sound: An initial analysis of EMAP data within the context of watershed characteristics AN - 16097004; 4202328 AB - The U.S. EPA's Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP) has completed four years of monitoring the estuaries of the Virginian Province (Cape Cod, MA to Cape Henry, VA). During that time 63 Long Island Sound (LIS) stations were sampled during the summer months for a variety of ecological parameters. Included among them were: water quality (dissolved oxygen concentrations, temperature, salinity, total suspended solids, fluorescence, transmissivity), sediment quality (sediment chemical contamination, grain size, sediment toxicity, macrobenthic infaunal constituents), and finfish enumeration and quality (fish species composition, contaminants in fish flesh, gross external pathologies). Results of these measurements were then evaluated for both greater LIS and the smaller estuaries and embayments along the perimeter of the Sound. The watersheds of the entire LIS and of several of the smaller systems were delineated using ARC/INFO GIS analysis software, and associations were made between degraded EMAP sites and proximity of various land-use categories (e.g., urban or agricultural), point source discharges, etc., within the watershed. Preliminary review of the data indicate that, with the exception of hypoxia in greater LIS, the small estuarine systems within the Sound have a higher proportion of their areal extent impacted by degraded conditions, including sediment toxicity, benthic community impoverishment, and chemical contamination (DBO). JF - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA). 93 p. 1995. AU - Schimmel, S C AU - Paul, J F Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 93 PB - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA) KW - environmental monitoring KW - histopathology KW - hypoxia KW - marine fish KW - sediment contamination KW - sediment pollution KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - NYSGI-W-94-001 KW - water quality KW - fish KW - watersheds KW - Freshwater KW - estuaries KW - ANW, USA KW - Marine KW - physicochemical properties KW - Brackish KW - USA KW - data collections KW - land use KW - SW 5010:Network design KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - Q1 08463:Habitat community studies KW - SW 0890:Estuaries UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16097004?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Long+Island+Sound%3A+An+initial+analysis+of+EMAP+data+within+the+context+of+watershed+characteristics&rft.au=Schimmel%2C+S+C%3BPaul%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Schimmel&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Toxic substance contamination in Long Island Sound AN - 16096088; 4202331 AB - Toxic contaminants include both naturally-occurring and man-made substances which can cause adverse ecosystem or human health risks when exceeding certain concentrations. In Long Island Sound, toxic substances can be found dissolved in the water, attached to sediment particles, or in the tissues of plants and animals. Once released into the environment, many toxic substances persist for a long time. They may recycle from the sediments through the food chain and back into the sediments several times before they are buried in sediments or, in the case of organic compounds, are broken down over many years into less harmful substances. The Long Island Sound Study (LISS) has evaluated the available information on the inputs, fate, and effects of toxic substances in the Long Island Sound ecosystem. There are data gaps in the information available on the geographic distribution and the relative concentrations of organic contaminants and metal concentrations in water, sediment, and fish tissue. Very few reliable data on water column toxic contaminant levels exist, while the database for the sediments, particularly the metals, is the most comprehensive of all the toxic contaminant data reviewed. Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) levels in commercial and recreationally important finish are well studied, but most other types of toxic contaminants are not. However, based on the available information which was compiled and interpreted, there is evidence that toxic substances are of concern in Long Island Sound (DBO). JF - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA). pp. 31-34. 1995. AU - Tedesco, M AU - Chytalo, K Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 31 EP - 34 PB - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA) KW - USA, Long Island Sound KW - food webs KW - pollutant persistence KW - sediment contamination KW - sediment pollution KW - toxic materials KW - toxicology KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - NYSGI-W-94-001 KW - bioaccumulation KW - hazardous materials KW - toxicity KW - water pollution KW - Marine KW - biodegradation KW - ANW, USA, Long Island Sound KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16096088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Toxic+substance+contamination+in+Long+Island+Sound&rft.au=Tedesco%2C+M%3BChytalo%2C+K&rft.aulast=Tedesco&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Effects of hypoxia on growth and survival of crustaceans and fishes of Long Island Sound AN - 16093735; 4202326 AB - The minimum dissolved oxygen (DO) requirements of marine animals are being investigated to develop water quality criteria for DO. This research has focused on growth and survival as the parameters of concern. Hypoxia-sensitive fish and crustacean larvae and recently metamorphosed juveniles have been emphasized. This paper examines findings applicable to Long Island Sound (LIS), reporting results for animals present in subpycnocline waters of the Sound from June into September, the months hypoxia may occur. Laboratory tests generally followed acute or chronic toxicological test designs and employed flow through exposures. Test durations were four days for survival and four to 21 days for growth, depending on growth rate of the test animal. Results are expressed as the DO concentration resulting in 10 percent increments of impairment relative to the control, determined by interpolation of the response curve. Results are available for 14 species which occur in LIS during the summer. Threshold concentrations for hypoxic effects are 4.7 mg/l for impaired larval growth, 3.6 mg/l for impaired larval survival, and 3.3 mg/l for impaired juvenile growth. The threshold for impaired juvenile survival is 1.7 mg/l, well below the preceding categories. The results suggest the following consequences of hypoxia in LIS over the range of 4.0 to less than or equal to 1.7 mg/l, assuming avoidance does not occur. At 4.0 mg/l, 15 percent growth impairment may occur in the most sensitive larvae, (e.g. Palaemonetes vulgaris). At 3.0 mg /l, there may be 30 percent growth impairment, (P. vulgaris), and 10 to 30 percent survival impairment, (Cancer irroratus, Dyspanopeus sayi), plus 25 percent growth impairement in juvenile crustaceans, (Homarus americanus, P. vulgaris). At 2.0 mg/l, effects may include greater than or equal to 50 percent larval growth impairment, (D. sayi, P. vulgaris), and >50% impaired larval survival, (C. irroratus, D. sayi, Eurypanopeus depressus, P. vulgaris), plus 35 to 50 percent juvenile growth impairment, (Paralichthys dentatus, H. americanus, P. vulgaris). Below 2.0 mg/l, these effects would increase in magnitude and less than or equal to 1.7 mg/l, impaired survival of juveniles would begin to occur. The consequences of these effects on populations will be discussed (DBO). JF - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA). 92 p. 1995. AU - Miller, D C AU - Poucher, S L AU - Coiro, L AU - Rego, S AU - Munns, W Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 92 PB - NEW YORK SEA GRANT INST., STONY BROOK, NY (USA) KW - Crustaceans KW - Growth KW - USA, Long Island Sound KW - crustacean larvae KW - fish larvae KW - hypoxia KW - pollution effects KW - populations KW - pycnocline KW - water pollution effects KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Water Resources Abstracts KW - NYSGI-W-94-001 KW - water quality KW - anoxic conditions KW - fish KW - Marine KW - ANW, USA, Long Island Sound KW - larvae KW - dissolved oxygen KW - survival KW - growth KW - Q1 08422:Environmental effects KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16093735?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=Effects+of+hypoxia+on+growth+and+survival+of+crustaceans+and+fishes+of+Long+Island+Sound&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+C%3BPoucher%2C+S+L%3BCoiro%2C+L%3BRego%2C+S%3BMunns%2C+W&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of cadmium on survival, osmoregulatory ability and bioenergetics of juvenile blue crabs Callinectes sapidus at different salinities AN - 16092496; 4117462 AB - Juvenile blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus, from the Barataria Estuary (Louisiana, USA) were exposed to a range of dissolved cadmium concentrations at 2.5 and 25% sub(o) to determine their response to cadmium. 2l-Day LC sub(50)s were an order of magnitude lower at 2.5% sub(o) (19 mu g liter super(-1)) than at 25% sub(o) (186 mu g liter super(-1)). Crabs were exposed to Cd levels of 0.50 and 100 mu g liter super(-1) for measurements of feeding, respiration and excretion rates. Respiration was the primary component ( sub(x) super(-) = 86.2%) of the energy expenditure budget in all cases, relative to excretion. Rates of energy expenditure did not vary with cadmium concentration at either salinity, and were much lower than those of energy consumption and absorption. Scope for growth paralleled energy consumption and absorption. Scope for growth did not vary as a function of cadmium concentration at 25% sub(o); scope for growth at 25% sub(o) was significantly lower in crabs exposed to 50 and 100 mu g liter super(-1) Cd relative to control crabs. Cadmium levels of up to 100 mu g liter super(-1) do not stress juvenile blue crabs at 25% sub(o); but at 2.5% sub(o), these same levels of Cd result in mortality and sub-lethal stress. This finding is important since nursery grounds for juveniles of this species often lie in low salinity, estuarine waters, and high dissolved cadmium levels have been reported in Louisiana estuaries. JF - Marine Environmental Research AU - Guerin, J L AU - Stickle, W B AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 227 EP - 246 VL - 40 IS - 3 SN - 0141-1136, 0141-1136 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - Marine KW - salinity effects KW - Lethal effects KW - ASW, USA, Louisiana, Barataria Bay KW - Sublethal effects KW - osmoregulation KW - cadmium KW - bioenergetics KW - Callinectes sapidus KW - Marine crustaceans KW - Toxicity tests KW - Q1 08286:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16092496?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Effects+of+cadmium+on+survival%2C+osmoregulatory+ability+and+bioenergetics+of+juvenile+blue+crabs+Callinectes+sapidus+at+different+salinities&rft.au=Guerin%2C+J+L%3BStickle%2C+W+B&rft.aulast=Guerin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=227&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Environmental+Research&rft.issn=01411136&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - salinity effects; Lethal effects; Sublethal effects; osmoregulation; cadmium; bioenergetics; Toxicity tests; Marine crustaceans; Callinectes sapidus; ASW, USA, Louisiana, Barataria Bay; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal expression and cellular distribution of pulmonary fibronectin gene induction following exposure to an emission source particle AN - 15907723; 4041870 AB - This study examines the ability of an emission source particle, residual oil fly ash (ROFA), to influence pulmonary fibronectin (Fn) gene expression. Fn is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein involved in a variety of cellular functions, including inflammation, cell proliferation, and fibrosis. Temporal expression and spatial distribution of Fn gene induction were assessed by in situ hybridization in rat lung during acute phase of lung injury occurring 6 to 72 h following intratracheal instillation of ROFA. Fn mRNA was not detected in rat lungs treated with either saline or at 6 h after ROFA treatment. However, Fn mRNA was induced in airway epithelial cells 24 h after ROFA instillation. Histopathology showed peribronchial inflammation and focal edema. Diffuse inflammation in alveolar region with limited expression of Fn mRNA was evident 48 h after ROFA exposure, occurring mainly in proliferating epithelial cells. Extensive Fn mRNA expression was seen in proliferating fibroblasts and in hyperplastic epithelial cells within incipient fibrotic lesions 72 h after exposure, while the intensity of expression in the airway epithelial cells was decreased. Therefore, Fn mRNA induction was associated with inflammatory and incipient fibrotic lesions, indicating its possible involvement in airway hyperreactivity and initiation of fibrogenesis. JF - Journal of Environmental Pathology, Toxicology and Oncology AU - Su, Wei-Yi AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Jaskot, R H AU - Costa, D L AU - Dreher, K L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, NHEERL/ETD/PTB, MD-82, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 215 EP - 225 VL - 14 IS - 3-4 SN - 0731-8898, 0731-8898 KW - residual oil fly ash KW - fibronectins KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - gene expression KW - fibrosis KW - air pollution KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15907723?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Pathology%2C+Toxicology+and+Oncology&rft.atitle=Temporal+expression+and+cellular+distribution+of+pulmonary+fibronectin+gene+induction+following+exposure+to+an+emission+source+particle&rft.au=Su%2C+Wei-Yi%3BKodavanti%2C+U+P%3BJaskot%2C+R+H%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BDreher%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Su&rft.aufirst=Wei-Yi&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=215&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Pathology%2C+Toxicology+and+Oncology&rft.issn=07318898&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; gene expression; lung; fibrosis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regional lake quality patterns: Their relationship to lake conservation and management decisions AN - 15765582; 3984046 AB - Understanding regional lake quality patterns is important to lake restoration. It puts specific lake conditions into perspective, provides a basis for establishing lake quality goals, identifies lakes most likely to benefit from restoration and forms a framework for assessing restoration success. We describe two techniques used to characterize regional lake quality patterns. Combining the two approaches provides an effective means to describe lake regions, management goals and restoration success. Case examples illustrate the significance of regional lake quality to specific lake restoration projects. JF - Lakes & Reservoirs: Research and Management AU - Peterson, SA AU - Hughes, R M AU - Larsen, D P AU - Paulsen, S G AU - Omernik, JM AD - US EPA, 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 163 EP - 167 VL - 1 IS - 3 SN - 1320-5331, 1320-5331 KW - case studies KW - decision making KW - ecosystem management KW - environment management KW - environmental restoration KW - lake reclamation KW - lake restoration KW - nature conservation KW - phosphorus KW - regional analysis KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - water quality KW - lakes KW - water management KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - conservation KW - surveys KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control KW - SW 4020:Evaluation process KW - Q5 08522:Protective measures and control KW - D 04715:Reclamation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15765582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lakes+%26+Reservoirs%3A+Research+and+Management&rft.atitle=Regional+lake+quality+patterns%3A+Their+relationship+to+lake+conservation+and+management+decisions&rft.au=Peterson%2C+SA%3BHughes%2C+R+M%3BLarsen%2C+D+P%3BPaulsen%2C+S+G%3BOmernik%2C+JM&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Lakes+%26+Reservoirs%3A+Research+and+Management&rft.issn=13205331&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - nature conservation; water quality; ecosystem management; conservation; environment management; lakes; lake reclamation; water management; surveys; phosphorus; environmental protection; environmental restoration; decision making; case studies; lake restoration; regional analysis; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimation methods used by the TSCA Interagency Testing Committee to prioritize chemicals for testing: Exposure and biological effects scoring and structure activity relationships AN - 15743252; 3973147 AB - The TSCA Interagency Testing Committee (ITC) has made testing decisions for about 40, 000 chemicals by evaluating U.S. Government data needs, and using professional judgement and estimation methods. This paper describes two estimation methods used by the ITC to prioritize chemicals for testing: scoring chemicals for testing: scoring chemicals for exposures and biological effects and using structure-activity relationships (SARs) to identify chemical substructures likely to cause health or ecological effects. Factors, algorithms, scores and criteria for assigning occupational, general population and environmental exposure scores are provided with rationales for their selection. Criteria and rationales for assigning biological scores for acute toxicity, subchronic toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive effects, bioconcentration and ecotoxicity are provided. For SARs, 40 chemical substructures with potential to cause acute toxicity, chronic toxicity, mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, developmental toxicity, reproductive effects, neurotoxicity and membrane irritation are provided as are numerous sources of human exposure data. Incorporation of these substructures and exposure data into the Substructurebased Computerized Chemical Selection Expert System (SuCCSES) is described. These criteria, substructures and estimation methods are presented so that others can use them to prioritize chemicals for testing, risk reduction, pollution prevention, etc. JF - Toxicology Modeling AU - Walker, J D AD - TSCA Interagency Testing Committee (7401), US Environmental Protection Agency, 401 M Street, SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 123 EP - 141 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1354-6724, 1354-6724 KW - structure-activity relationship KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - tests KW - xenobiotics KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15743252?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Modeling&rft.atitle=Estimation+methods+used+by+the+TSCA+Interagency+Testing+Committee+to+prioritize+chemicals+for+testing%3A+Exposure+and+biological+effects+scoring+and+structure+activity+relationships&rft.au=Walker%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Walker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Modeling&rft.issn=13546724&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - toxicity testing; tests; xenobiotics ER - TY - CONF T1 - Acidic deposition in California: findings from a program of monitoring and effects research AN - 15732363; 217095 AB - California's 14-year, $25 million acidic deposition program has studied the causes and effects of acidic air pollutants. In contrast to the eastern United States where sulfur-derived (S-derived) by-products from coal combustion dominate precipitation chemistry, nitrogen-derived (N-derived) acids predominate in wet and dry deposition in California. Adverse effects on the human lung have not been observed after short-term exposures to acidity, but extended exposures to ambient acidity may pose a chronic risk. No irreversible, adverse effects on surface waters in the Sierra Nevada mountain range or to the state's forests have been found due to extant acidic inputs. The longer-term outlook for forests is less certain because the impacts observed elsewhere occurred after decades of S and N deposition, but at lower ambient ozone levels. Ozone is the major air pollutant stressor for forests, but atmospheric N has the potential to cause adverse changes in soil nutrient cycling. Impacts on man-made materials in southern California (e.g., galvanized steel) were found to be minor. While California does not have an ambient air quality standard for acidic air pollutants, emissions of precursors have declined since the 1960's due to changes in industrial practices, improvements in technology, and adoption of control measures for ozone. Lowering emissions from motor vehicles will be emphasized to prevent future increases in N deposition. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Takemoto, Brent K AU - Croes, Bart E AU - Brown, Stephen M AU - Motallebi, Nehzat AU - Westerdahl, Dane F AU - Margolis, Helene G AU - Cahill, Brian T AU - Mueller, Marla D AU - Holmes, John R Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 261 EP - 272 PB - KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS, DORDRECHT, (NETHERLANDS) VL - 85 IS - 1 KW - Acid deposition KW - Air quality KW - California KW - Deposition fluxes KW - Gas emissions KW - Ground vehicles KW - Health hazards KW - Material damage KW - Nitrogen compounds KW - Ozone KW - Sulfur compounds KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Acids KW - Environmental impact KW - Weathering KW - Standards KW - Monitoring KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 451.1:AIR POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 804.2:INORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES KW - W4 803:CHEMICAL AGENTS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15732363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Acidic+deposition+in+California%3A+findings+from+a+program+of+monitoring+and+effects+research&rft.au=Takemoto%2C+Brent+K%3BCroes%2C+Bart+E%3BBrown%2C+Stephen+M%3BMotallebi%2C+Nehzat%3BWesterdahl%2C+Dane+F%3BMargolis%2C+Helene+G%3BCahill%2C+Brian+T%3BMueller%2C+Marla+D%3BHolmes%2C+John+R&rft.aulast=Takemoto&rft.aufirst=Brent&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 ER - TY - CONF T1 - Persistence of desertified ecosystems: Explanations and implications AN - 15650715; 3945810 AB - Studies of rainfall partitioning by shrubs, responses of shrub-dominated ecosystems to herbicide treatment, and experiments using drought and supplemental rainfall were conducted to test the hypothesis that the shrub-dominated ecosystems that have replaced desert grasslands are resistant and resilient to disturbance. Between 16 and 25% of the intercepted rainfall is channelized to deep soil storage by stemflow and root channelization. Stemflow water is nutrient enriched and contributes to the "islands of fertility" that develop under desert shrubs. Drought and rainfall augmentation experiments during the growing season after 5 consecutive years of summer drought found that (1) growth of creosotebushes, Larrea tridentata, was not significantly affected, (2) perennial grasses and forbs disappeared on droughted plots, (3) nitrogen mineralization increased in the short term, and (4) densities and biomass of spring annual plants increased on the droughted plots. Doubling summer rainfall for 5 consecutive years had less-significant effects. Coppice dunes treated with herbicide in 1979 to kill mesquite (Prosopis glandulosa) had the same frequency of occurrence of the shrub as the untreated dunes when remeasured in 1993. These data indicate that the shrub-dominated ecosystems persist because they are resistant and resilient to climatic and anthropogenic stresses. JF - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment AU - Whitford, W G AU - Martinez-Turanzas, G AU - Martinez-Meza, E Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 319 EP - 332 VL - 37 IS - 1-3 KW - disturbance KW - water infiltration KW - drought KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - rainfall KW - desertification KW - shrubs KW - infiltration KW - grasslands KW - D 04130:Arid zones KW - SW 2080:Watershed protection UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15650715?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.atitle=Persistence+of+desertified+ecosystems%3A+Explanations+and+implications&rft.au=Whitford%2C+W+G%3BMartinez-Turanzas%2C+G%3BMartinez-Meza%2C+E&rft.aulast=Whitford&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=319&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Monitoring+and+Assessment&rft.issn=01676369&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fine particulate air pollution and mortality in two southern California counties AN - 15628640; 3936170 AB - Several epidemiologic studies have reported associations between respiratory disease and particulate matter less than 2.5 mu m in diameter (PM2.5) or fine particles. However, since daily fine particulate data from ambient monitors are seldom available, many studies have used estimates of PM2.5 based on visual range observed at local airports. This paper examines the impact of visibility-based estimates of PM2.5 on mortality from 1980 through 1986 in San Bernardino and Riverside Counties, located in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Multiple regression analysis was used to isolate the effects of estimated fine particles on mortality while controlling for covariates, including season, day of week, maximum temperature, and dew point. The results are dependent on season. During the summer quarters, there was a small but statistically significant association of estimated fine particles with both total mortality (RR = 1.03, 95% CI = 1.00-1.05, evaluated at the mean PM2.5 value of 32.5 mu g/m super(3)) and respiratory-specific mortality. However, for the year taken as a whole, estimated fine particles were not associated with mortality (RR = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.99-1.02). The use of estimated fine particles introduces additional measurement error into the analysis. During the summer quarters, an effect of ozone on mortality was also detected, but this association could be due to confounding with temperature. JF - Environmental Research AU - Ostro, B AD - Office Environ. Health Hazard Assess., California EPA, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 98 EP - 104 VL - 70 IS - 2 SN - 0013-9351, 0013-9351 KW - respiratory diseases KW - ozone KW - USA, California, Southern KW - respiratory tract diseases KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - pollution effects KW - particle size KW - mortality KW - seasonal variations KW - H SE3.20:AIR POLLUTION/AIR QUALITY KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15628640?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Research&rft.atitle=Fine+particulate+air+pollution+and+mortality+in+two+southern+California+counties&rft.au=Ostro%2C+B&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Research&rft.issn=00139351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; mortality; particle size; respiratory diseases; seasonal variations; ozone; pollution effects; respiratory tract diseases ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salinity adjustment of effluents for use with marine bioassays: Effects on the larvae of the doughboy scallop Chlamys asperrimus and the Sydney rock oyster Saccostrea commercialis AN - 15619834; 3931483 AB - A number of artificial and natural reconstituted seawater preparations were assessed for their suitability in raising the salinity of effluents using the test species Chlamys asperrimus and Saccostrea commercialis in 48 h larval abnormality tests. Several of the preparations were found to inhibit larval growth and development. Hypersaline Brine (HSB) and GP-2 were found to be suitable for C. asperrimus bioassays, and results were not significantly different from control treatments (p>0.05). Bioassay results using HSB, Ocean Nature registered and Marinemix registered were suitable for S. commercialis at a salinity of 34ppt, however Ocean Nature registered was the only treatment suitable at 25ppt. Control treatments using natural seawater and the reconstituted salt preparation should be tested with any bioassays where effluent salinity has been raised using synthetic preparations to detect any inhibitory effects. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Krassoi, R AD - Ecotoxicol. Sect., NSW Environ. Prot. Authority, EPA/UTS Cent. for Ecotoxicol., Westbourne St. Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 143 EP - 148 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - marine molluscs KW - salinity effects KW - toxicity testing KW - toxicity tests KW - wastewater aquaculture KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA Aquaculture Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Marine KW - bioassays KW - Chlamys asperrimus KW - marine environment KW - Saccostrea commercialis KW - Q3 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q1 08583:Shellfish culture KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15619834?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Salinity+adjustment+of+effluents+for+use+with+marine+bioassays%3A+Effects+on+the+larvae+of+the+doughboy+scallop+Chlamys+asperrimus+and+the+Sydney+rock+oyster+Saccostrea+commercialis&rft.au=Krassoi%2C+R&rft.aulast=Krassoi&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=143&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - salinity effects; wastewater aquaculture; marine environment; toxicity tests; bioassays; marine molluscs; toxicity testing; Chlamys asperrimus; Saccostrea commercialis; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute toxicity of laundry detergents to an Australian cladoceran (Ceriodaphnia dubia) AN - 15619198; 3931484 AB - The acute toxicity (48-h EC50) of twenty Australian and four English laundry detergents to the native freshwater cladoceran Ceriodaphnia dubia Richard were determined. The toxicity of Australian detergents ranged from 2.3 mg/L to 70.3 mg/L or from 0.2% to 5.0% of the recommended dose. Nine of the detergents, including five Australian detergents, were classed as having medium toxicity (EC50 values between 1 and 10 mg/L) and 15 were of low toxicity (EC50 values > 10 mg/L). The various analyses conducted indicated that the variation in toxicity of the detergents could not be explained by the concentration of phosphorus nor by the presence or absence of enzymes and/or zeolites. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Warne, MStJ AD - Ecotoxicol. Sect., NSW Environ. Prot. Authority, EPA/UTS Cent. for Ecotoxicol., Westbourne St., Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 127 EP - 135 VL - 1 IS - 2 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - phosphorus KW - toxicity tests KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - detergents KW - toxicity KW - freshwater pollution KW - Australia KW - X 24140:Cosmetics, toiletries & household products KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15619198?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+toxicity+of+laundry+detergents+to+an+Australian+cladoceran+%28Ceriodaphnia+dubia%29&rft.au=Warne%2C+MStJ&rft.aulast=Warne&rft.aufirst=MStJ&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detergents; toxicity; freshwater pollution; toxicity tests; phosphorus; Ceriodaphnia dubia; Australia; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An assessment of a urinary biomarker for total human environmental exposure to benzo[a]pyrene AN - 15607754; 3926676 AB - Urinary banzo[a]pyrene (BaP) metabolite levels were compared to human environmental exposure to BaP through inhalation and dietary ingestion to assess the predictive validity of the exposure biomarker. These measurements were made for 14 adult volunteers over 14 consecutive days, once during summer/fall, again during winter periods. Based on personal air monitoring, median potential inhalation doses of 11.0 and 2.3 ng/day were estimated for the winter and summer/fall studies, respectively. A median potential ingested dose of 176 ng/day, estimated from "duplicate plate" sampling, exceeded inhalation by 6- and 122-fold for the winter and summer/fall studies, respectively. "Total" urinary BaP metabolites were measured using a published "reverse metabolism" (BaP) method of analysis. Median rates of urinary BaP metabolite elimination for the winter and summer/fall studies were 121 and 129 ng/day, respectively. The changes in inhaled and ingested potential doses were regressed on the change in urinary metabolite elimination from week 1 to week 2 to test the predictive validity of the biomarker measurement. The regression was statistically significant (r = 0.620, p = 0.015, n = 25) when body weight was included and two extreme values were removed. Consistent with the exposure measurements showing diet as the dominant route of exposure, most of the variation in urinary metabolite elimination was explained by the ingested dose. It is concluded that the measurement of urinary BaP by "reverse metabolism" is qualitative and of marginal predictive validity as an exposure biomarker due to the method's low recoveries and the large unexplained variance. JF - International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health AU - Buckley, T J AU - Waldman, J M AU - Dhara, R AU - Greenberg, A AU - Ouyang, Z AU - Lioy, P J AD - Atmos. Res. and Exposure Assessment Lab. U.S. EPA, MD-56, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 257 EP - 266 VL - 67 IS - 4 SN - 0340-0131, 0340-0131 KW - biomarkers KW - benzo(a)pyrene KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - urine KW - man KW - X 24190:Polycyclic hydrocarbons UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15607754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Archives+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=An+assessment+of+a+urinary+biomarker+for+total+human+environmental+exposure+to+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene&rft.au=Buckley%2C+T+J%3BWaldman%2C+J+M%3BDhara%2C+R%3BGreenberg%2C+A%3BOuyang%2C+Z%3BLioy%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Buckley&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=257&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Archives+of+Occupational+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=03400131&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - urine; man; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alterations in flash evoked potentials (FEPs) in rats produced by 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) AN - 15604989; 3923626 AB - 3,3'-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) is a neurotoxicant that produces changes in flash evoked potentials (FEPs) 18 weeks after treatment. We examined dose- and time-related effects of IDPN on FEPs at earlier time points than previously studied (52). Adult male Long-Evans rats were given IDPN (0, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day x 3 days, IP) and FEPs were recorded 14 days later. IDPN (400 mg/kg/day) decreased the amplitudes of some of the "early" and "middle" FEP peaks (N sub(30) and N sub(56)), and increased the latencies of some early peaks (P sub(21) and P sub(46)). A separate group of rats was treated with IDPN (0 or 400 mg/kg/day x 3 days, IP) and FEPs were recorded 1, 3, 7, 14, and 35 days later. The latencies of all portions of FEPs were increased by IDPN, with maximal changes occurring at 7 and/or 14 days. The amplitude of the middle portions of FEPs (peaks N sub(56), P sub(63), N sub(70), P sub(90)) were altered as early as day 3, and some changes were observed up to day 14. In contrast, the "late" portion of FEPs (peak N sub(160)) was affected at later times (days 14 and 35). Corneal opacities were noted on days 3 and 7, but were largely reversible by day 14. In the time-course study, IDPN decreased colonic temperature on days 1, 3, 7, and 14. The present results suggest that IDPN alters both the early FEP peaks related to the initial afferent sensory volley, and cortical processing associated with the middle and later portions of FEPs. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Herr, D W AU - King, D AU - Barone, S Jr AU - Crofton, K M AD - MD-74B, NHEERL/NTD/NPTB, U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 645 EP - 656 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - 3,3'-iminodiproprionitrile KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - evoked potentials KW - neurotoxicity KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15604989?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Alterations+in+flash+evoked+potentials+%28FEPs%29+in+rats+produced+by+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile+%28IDPN%29&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BKing%2C+D%3BBarone%2C+S+Jr%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=645&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - neurotoxicity; evoked potentials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors influencing diisopropyl fluorophosphate-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia in the rat AN - 15600934; 3923899 AB - Exposing rats to the anticholinesterase (anti-ChE) diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) causes a transient period of hypothermia followed by a period of hyperthermia lasting approximately 48 h. Because a fever is a predominant thermoregulatory response in humans exposed to anti-ChE pesticides, the hyperthermic response in the rat may be important to understanding the central neural mechanisms of anti-ChEs. The purpose of the present study was to assess the dependence of DFP-induced thermoregulatory changes on basal behavioral and autonomic activity in the rat. Core temperature (T sub(c)), heart rate (HR), and motor activity (MA) were monitored via radiotelemetry in unrestrained rats 24 h prior to and 72 h after administration of the peanut oil vehicle or 1.5 mg/kg DFP. Mean T sub(c) decreased by similar to 4 degree C by 4 after DFP, returned to baseline by 27 h, and then remained similar to 0.8 degree C above control daytime levels during the second day after DFP injection. Correlations of DFP-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia with baseline T sub(c), HR, and MA were performed. The baseline T sub(c) was inversely correlated with the magnitude of DFP-induced hyperthermia (r super(2) = 0.6). DFP-induced hyperthermia was also inversely correlated with baseline HR and MA. The minimum core temperature during DFP-induced hypothermia was directly correlated with the baseline T sub(c). The inverse pattern between baseline T sub(c) and DFP-induced hyperthermia is similar to that of rats administered endotoxin and other pyrogenic agents. Sixty percent of the variation in DFP-induced hyperthermia, a toxic response seen >48 h after exposure, can be explained by individual differences in baseline T sub(c). This relationship may be important in understanding the thermoregulatory and metabolic effects of anti-ChE agents. JF - Neurotoxicology and Teratology AU - Gordon, C J AD - MD-74B, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 679 EP - 683 VL - 17 IS - 6 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - diisopropyl fluorophosphate KW - rats KW - isoflurophate KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - heart rate KW - neurotoxicity KW - hypothermia KW - hyperthermia KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15600934?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.atitle=Factors+influencing+diisopropyl+fluorophosphate-induced+hypothermia+and+hyperthermia+in+the+rat&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=679&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+Teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hypothermia; hyperthermia; heart rate; neurotoxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and evaluation of Bacteroides DNA probes for the specific detection of human faecal pollution AN - 13661125; 199503708 AB - The use of Bacteroides species to distinguish human from non-human sources of faecal pollution was examined. These species dominated the human faecal flora and some possibly lived only in the human intestine. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers specific for 16S rRNA gene sequences of Bacteroides distasonis, Bacteroides thetaiotamicron and Bacteroides vulgatus were designed. The PCR products were detected using hybridization with species-specific internal probes. Tests were developed to determine species specificity in faeces. The results indicated that the probes could distinguish human from non-human faeces in many cases and merited further study for this application. There are 50 references. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Kreader, CA AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1171 EP - 1179 VL - 61 IS - 4 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Hybridized KW - Plants (see also aquatic macrophytes, grps below) KW - Pollution (s/a contamination, individ grps below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13661125?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Design+and+evaluation+of+Bacteroides+DNA+probes+for+the+specific+detection+of+human+faecal+pollution&rft.au=Kreader%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Kreader&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sorption on wastewater solids: elimination of biological activity AN - 13659959; 199504396 AB - The effect of pretreatment with cyanide and/or pasteurization of wastewater solids on sorption isotherms was determined. Apparent sorption capacities for organics on biomass could be greatly affected by biological activity if the solids were not pretreated to eliminate biodegradation. Pasteurization and cyanide treatment were both effective in eliminating biological activity, however, pasteurization was preferred to the more toxic cyanide treatment. JF - Water Environment Research AU - Dobbs, R A AU - Shan, Y AU - Wang, L AU - Govind, R AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 327 EP - 329 VL - 67 IS - 3 SN - 0161-4303, 0161-4303 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13659959?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Environment+Research&rft.atitle=Sorption+on+wastewater+solids%3A+elimination+of+biological+activity&rft.au=Dobbs%2C+R+A%3BShan%2C+Y%3BWang%2C+L%3BGovind%2C+R&rft.aulast=Dobbs&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=327&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Environment+Research&rft.issn=01614303&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preservation of trace metals in water samples AN - 13658831; 199502724 AB - Inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used for a preservation study which looked at: the leaching of metal contamination from container walls during 6-month storage at pH less than 2.0; the effect of the container batch on metal concentrations in samples held for 2 weeks and then acidified; and the effects of the drinking water matrix on metal concentrations in unacidified samples held for 2 weeks. Metal concentrations in nonacidified drinking waters could decrease if held for 2 weeks. Acidification resolubilized metals which had fallen out of solution. Acidification to a pH of less than 2.0 stabilized the metal concentration for 180 d. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Creed, J T AU - Martin, T D AU - Sivaganesan, M AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 104 EP - 114 VL - 87 IS - 2 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Stabilization (see also fixation, solidification) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13658831?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Preservation+of+trace+metals+in+water+samples&rft.au=Creed%2C+J+T%3BMartin%2C+T+D%3BSivaganesan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Creed&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=104&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Volatile organic compound determinations using surrogate-based correction for method and matrix effects AN - 13658727; 199502739 AB - A study was carried out to identify properties that affected analyte recovery when a sample matrix was vacuum distilled and to identify the basis for selecting surrogate compounds to measure method and matrix effects. The recoveries of analytes (including non-VOC) from a variety of sample matrices provided the data necessary to observe the impact of specific matrix effects. The principal properties related to analyte recovery in a vacuum distillate were boiling point and relative volatility. Surrogates were incorporated into samples and their recoveries to accurately predicted experimental recoveries of other analytes. So called alpha-surrogates were used to identify compounds used to assess relative volatility effects, and so called beta-surrogates to identify compounds used to assess condensation effects. The accuracy of the surrogate-based recovery predictions, as compared with experimental results, typically exceeded 95 per cent for water and soil test samples and could be used to correct analytical results for matrix effects. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Hiatt, M H AU - Farr, C M AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 426 EP - 433 VL - 67 IS - 2 KW - Alpha- (see also without prefix) KW - Analysis KW - Volatile organic compound KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13658727?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Volatile+organic+compound+determinations+using+surrogate-based+correction+for+method+and+matrix+effects&rft.au=Hiatt%2C+M+H%3BFarr%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Hiatt&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=426&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of brine addition on effluent toxicity and marine toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) manipulations AN - 13658564; 199502699 AB - Increasing salinity might mitigate the toxicity of certain heavy metals through complexation. The effects of adding 100 ppt brine to an effluent (to increase the salinity to 300 ppt) on the toxicity of effluents stored up to 40 d were studied. The effect of salinity adjustment on toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) manipulations was examined. Changes in effluent toxicity over time were examined using a municipal and an industrial effluent. A toxicity time series was performed for 16 d for the industrial effluent and 40 d for the municipal effluent. Toxicity was assessed using 48-h acute Mysidopsis bahia and Menidia beryllina tests. There were less changes in toxicity in effluent stored with brine than in effluent stored without brine. The influence of brine on TIE manipulations conducted with EDTA addition, sodium thiosulphate addition, C18 extraction, aeration, filtration and graduated pH manipulations was studied. Toxicity was measured with the modified 48-h acute mysid test. Addition of brine had no effect on TIE manipulations. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ho, K T AU - Mitchell, K AU - Zappala, M AU - Burgess, R M AD - U.S. EPA/ERLN, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 245 EP - 249 VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Tied KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13658564?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+brine+addition+on+effluent+toxicity+and+marine+toxicity+identification+evaluation+%28TIE%29+manipulations&rft.au=Ho%2C+K+T%3BMitchell%2C+K%3BZappala%2C+M%3BBurgess%2C+R+M&rft.aulast=Ho&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Combined sewer overflow control using storage in seawater AN - 13657533; 199503839 AB - The use of the Flow Balance Method (FBM) to control a combined sewer overflow at Fresh creek, Brooklyn, New York City, was studied. A statistically-based efficiency evaluation was carried out. The FBM used containment within a receiving water body, in this case sea water, to store the overflow, prior to pumping to a sewage treatment works. The efficiency evaluation used a mass balance in a Monte Carlo model to calculate probable volumes of sea water in the pump-back, and hence the efficiency of the system. Analysis of the FBM included a study of the reliability of using specific conductivity to determine the volume of water in the pump-back and of the sensitivity of the predicted efficiency to variation in the parameters used. JF - Water Research AU - Field, R AU - Pit, R AU - Brown, M AU - O'Connor, T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Edison, N.J. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1505 EP - 1514 VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - Analysis KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13657533?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research&rft.atitle=Combined+sewer+overflow+control+using+storage+in+seawater&rft.au=Field%2C+R%3BPit%2C+R%3BBrown%2C+M%3BO%27Connor%2C+T&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1505&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technologies for treating contaminated land and groundwater AN - 13657467; 199505089 AB - The second phase of the NATO Committee on the Challenges of Modern Society, Pilot Study on the Treatment of Contaminated Land and Groundwater enabled countries to exchange information on innovative treatment technologies for remediating contaminated soil and groundwater. Forty-four projects were accepted into the study, 11 of which are described: air sparging of a petroleum-contaminated aquifer in Australia; technical and economic aspects of in-situ bioremediation in Austria; thermal gas-phase reduction process in Canada; biodegradation of PAH in Denmark; ozone treatment of contaminated groundwater in France; cleaning of mercury-contaminated soil using a combined washing and distillation process in Germany; environmental problems at former U.S.S.R. military bases in Hungary; treatment of creosol-contaminated soil in Norway; combined remediation technique in The Netherlands; in-pulp decontamination of soils, sludges and sediment in the U.K. and groundwater treatment using the perox-pure system in the U.S.A. JF - Chemistry & Industry AU - James, S C AU - Kovalick, W W AU - Bassin, J AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 492 EP - 495 IS - 13 KW - Nato KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13657467?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemistry+%26+Industry&rft.atitle=Technologies+for+treating+contaminated+land+and+groundwater&rft.au=James%2C+S+C%3BKovalick%2C+W+W%3BBassin%2C+J&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=13&rft.spage=492&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemistry+%26+Industry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Low-flow purging and sampling of ground water monitoring wells with dedicated systems AN - 13657364; 199503710 AB - A field study is reported of low flow purging methods in dedicated sampling installations in conventional monitoring wells at a field site near Elizabeth city (N.C.) contaminated with acidic chromium wastes. Eight wells of 4.6 to 15.2 m depth were purged until water quality reached equilibrium. Water quality data are presented in 16 figures. Purge volumes were independent of well depth or casing volume. Contaminant concentrations (chromate, trichloroethylene and dichloroethylene) equilibrated with less than 7.51 of purge volume in all wells. Initial contaminant concentration values were within 20 per cent of final values. Water quality parameters (WQP) (dissolved oxygen, specific conductance and turbidity) equilibrated in less than 10 litres in all wells and were conservative measures for indicating the presence of formation water. WQP equilibrated faster in dedicated sampling systems than in portable systems and initial turbidities were lower. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Puls, R W AU - Paul, C J AD - U.S. EPA, Ada, Okla. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 116 EP - 123 VL - 15 IS - 1 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13657364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Low-flow+purging+and+sampling+of+ground+water+monitoring+wells+with+dedicated+systems&rft.au=Puls%2C+R+W%3BPaul%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=116&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of drinking water following disinfection AN - 13657007; 199502778 AB - Two pilot-scale drinking water plants were used to test a variety of drinking water disinfection methods. The mutagenicity of the treated water was determined by the Ames Salmonella assay. At one plant monochloramine and chlorine were tested, alone or following ozone treatment, so that residual concentrations of monochloramine or chlorine were 0.8-1.5 mg per litre and 0.5-1.0 mg per litre, respectively. At the other chlorine dioxide was used, then reduced by ferrous chloride, before secondary disinfection with chlorine or monochloramine and dual filtration. Mutagenicity was found in all samples, including a low level in untreated controls. Monochloramine produced less mutagenicity than chlorine, and pretreatment with ozone to reduce the dose used caused a reduction for both disinfectants. Predisinfection with chlorine dioxide had little effect on mutagenicity, and the mutagenicity produced at this plant was the result of the secondary disinfectant. There are 32 references. JF - Aqua AU - Patterson, K S AU - Lykins, B W AU - Richardson, S D AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 44 IS - 1 KW - Drinking water disinfection KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13657007?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aqua&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+drinking+water+following+disinfection&rft.au=Patterson%2C+K+S%3BLykins%2C+B+W%3BRichardson%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Patterson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aqua&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Chesapeake bay story: the science behind the program AN - 13654686; 199505146 AB - The history of attempts to arrest the decline of water quality in Chesapeake bay is reviewed. Initial research led to the 1983 Chesapeake Bay Agreement which called on relevant jurisdictions to focus existing pollution control programmes on reducing nutrient loads to the bay. A second agreement signed in 1987 contained 27 specific goals, including a reduction in 1985 loads to the bay by 40 per cent by the year 2000. High-quality monitoring data were ensured by establishing a strong quality assurance and quality control procedure. To assist with monitoring, a computer program was developed to evaluate the quality of field and laboratory data and to allow their direct input to Chesapeake Bay Program computers. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Shuyler, L R AU - Linker, L C AU - Walters, C P AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Annapolis, Md. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 133 EP - 139 VL - 31 IS - 8 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13654686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=The+Chesapeake+bay+story%3A+the+science+behind+the+program&rft.au=Shuyler%2C+L+R%3BLinker%2C+L+C%3BWalters%2C+C+P&rft.aulast=Shuyler&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of acid-volatile sulphide and interstitial water metal concentrations in determining bioavailability of cadmium and nickel from contaminated sediments to the marine polychaete Neanthes arenaceodentata AN - 13653976; 199502454 AB - Polychaetes were exposed for 10 d to untreated, nickel- and cadmium-spiked sediments of different acid-volatile sulphide (AVS) in flowing water tests. Molar ratios of simultaneously extracted metal (SEM)-to-AVS were 0.02-44 for cadmium-spiked, 0.02-241 for nickel-spiked and 0.06-125 for sediments from a location on the Hudson river. Interstitial water toxic units (TU) were defined as the ratio of metal concentration in interstitial water to the LC50 from the water-only test. No significant mortality was observed when both ratios were below 1. All but one of the natural sediments had combined TU below 1 for nickel and cadmium and were non-toxic. Metals accumulated in the bodies of the worms even when no toxicity was observed. The results, which were consistent with low toxicity associated with SEM-to-AVS ratios below 1, also demonstrated that sediments with TU below 1 were non-toxic. There are 41 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Pesch, CE AU - Hansen, D J AU - Boothman, W S AU - Berry, W J AU - Mahony, J D AD - U.S. EPA, Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 129 EP - 141 VL - 14 IS - 1 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13653976?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+role+of+acid-volatile+sulphide+and+interstitial+water+metal+concentrations+in+determining+bioavailability+of+cadmium+and+nickel+from+contaminated+sediments+to+the+marine+polychaete+Neanthes+arenaceodentata&rft.au=Pesch%2C+CE%3BHansen%2C+D+J%3BBoothman%2C+W+S%3BBerry%2C+W+J%3BMahony%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Pesch&rft.aufirst=CE&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of diflubenzuron on the reproductive success of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus AN - 13653605; 199505994 AB - Adult bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) were enclosed within six 5 by 10 m enclosures in the littoral zone of a 2 ha mesotrophic pond. They were subjected to 2 applications of diflubenzuron at 2.5 or 30 ug per litre; the pesticide was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. Spawning, hatching and the growth of young bluegill were monitored. The contents of their digestive tracts were frequently analysed. Invertebrate populations in the ponds were examined. Before application of diflubenzuron, spawning, hatching and larval growth occurred in all enclosures. After application, they took place in only 1 or 2 control and one 30 ug per litre enclosures. The growth of the young-of-year (YOY) was reduced 56-86 and 88-97 per cent in replicate enclosures receiving 2.5 and 30 ug diflubenzuron, respectively. YOY growth was the most sensitive and YOY biomass the least sensitive endpoints of reproductive success. The reduced growth was ascribed to the reduction or elimination of invertebrate prey by the pesticide. There are 35 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Tanner, D K AU - Moffett, M F AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1345 EP - 1355 VL - 14 IS - 8 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Analysis KW - Animals (invertebrates) (see also individ groups) KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Reduction KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13653605?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Effects+of+diflubenzuron+on+the+reproductive+success+of+the+bluegill+sunfish%2C+Lepomis+macrochirus&rft.au=Tanner%2C+D+K%3BMoffett%2C+M+F&rft.aulast=Tanner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1345&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Organochlorine, organobromine, metal, and selenium residues in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) collected during an unusual mortality event in the Gulf of Mexico, 1990 AN - 13652809; 199504455 AB - PCB, cis-chlordane, oxychlordane, heptachlor epoxide, mirex, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), lindane, octachlorostyrene, p,p'-DDE, p,p'-DDT, dieldrin, triphenylphosphate (TPP), polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) were measured in the blubber and mercury, lead, cadmium, chromium and manganese were measured in the liver of bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) which died in the Gulf of Mexico during 1990. Mean concentrations of PCB, p,p'-DDE, mirex, oxychlordane, heptachlor epoxide, PBB and PBDE all increased in the order of foetus, adult female, suckling, immature and adult male. For TPP, sucklings had nearly 10 times greater concentrations than adult males. p,p'-DDE was the single component analyte measured at the highest concentration. Mercury and cadmium concentrations in liver increased with increasing age-class. Such correlations were not observed for lead, manganese, cadmium or chromium. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Kuehl, D W AU - Haebler, R AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 494 EP - 499 VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Pb KW - Suckling KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13652809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Organochlorine%2C+organobromine%2C+metal%2C+and+selenium+residues+in+bottlenose+dolphins+%28Tursiops+truncatus%29+collected+during+an+unusual+mortality+event+in+the+Gulf+of+Mexico%2C+1990&rft.au=Kuehl%2C+D+W%3BHaebler%2C+R&rft.aulast=Kuehl&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=494&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - QSAR evaluation of alpha-terthienyl phototoxicity AN - 13652279; 199504499 AB - The concept that phototoxic chemicals could be identified in chemical risk assessment by calculating the energy difference between highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (HOMO-LUMO gap) was evaluated using 2 sets of published data. The phototoxicity window developed for PAH was compared to the evidence of phototoxicity for alpha-terthienyl derivatives in the mosquito (Aedes atropalpus) and brine shrimp (Artemia salina) and nitrotoluenes and toluidines in sea urchin (Lytechinus variagatus) embyros. The phototoxicity window developed from data on substituted PAH toxicity to Daphnia magna occurred when the HOMO-LUMO gap was 6.7-7.5 eV. Substituted alpha-terthienyls that were phototoxic to mosquito larvae and brine shrimps had HOMO-LUMO gap energies in the 6.7-7.5 eV region. Alpha-terthienyls that did not exhibit phototoxicity in this range contained carboxyl or other polar substituents. Polyamino and polynitro derivatives of toluene were phototoxic to sea urchins even though the HOMO-LUMO gap exceeded 8 eV, which was outside the original phototoxicity window. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Veith, G D AU - Mekenyan, O G AU - Ankley, G T AU - Call, D J AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1267 EP - 1272 VL - 29 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Alpha- (see also without prefix) KW - Nitrotoluenes KW - Phototoxic KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13652279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=QSAR+evaluation+of+alpha-terthienyl+phototoxicity&rft.au=Veith%2C+G+D%3BMekenyan%2C+O+G%3BAnkley%2C+G+T%3BCall%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Veith&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biofiltration performance: part 2, effect of backwashing AN - 13651471; 199602812 AB - Pilot-scale studies on the consequences of backwashing anthracite-sand biological filters with chlorinated and unchlorinated water to control the removal of organic compounds including aldehydes, assimilable organic carbon, biodegradable organic carbon, TOC, trihalomethane formation potential and organic halides are reported. Sampling for biomass disturbance and loss was carried out at the top of the filters immediately after backwashing and samples for chemical parameter analysis were removed at intervals of 1, 4, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. The concentration of the biomass was measured by the phospholipid extraction method. With chlorinated backwash water, the biomass decreased by an average of 22 per cent but recovered to the pre-backwash level after about 40 h. With unchlorinated water, no loss was detected and no loss of control of the organic compounds occurred at any time during the filtration cycle. Short-term (about 12 h) loss of control was experienced in the chlorinated backwash filter for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, methyl glyoxal and assimilable organic carbon but control of TOC and disinfection by-product precursors was not compromised. Ozone disinfection by-product precursors were found in the effluent of the chlorinated filter but this would not be significant in an operational situation, where blending from filters backwashed at different times would smooth the effect. Backwashing with unchlorinated water would be preferable. (see also preceding abstract). JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Miltner, R J AU - Summers, R S AU - Wang, J Z AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 64 EP - 70 VL - 87 IS - 12 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Analysis KW - Methyl glyoxal KW - Trihalomethane formation potential KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13651471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Biofiltration+performance%3A+part+2%2C+effect+of+backwashing&rft.au=Miltner%2C+R+J%3BSummers%2C+R+S%3BWang%2C+J+Z&rft.aulast=Miltner&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of joint toxic response to define the primary mode of toxic action for diverse industrial organic chemicals AN - 13650779; 199505970 AB - The use of 96-h acute toxicity tests with juvenile fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) and binary chemical mixtures to define the primary acute mode of toxic action for diverse industrial organic chemicals was investigated. The concepts of concentration addition and response addition are described. Isobole diagrams were generated for binary mixtures of 1-octanol, phenol or 2,4-dinitrophenol as the reference toxicants and a second chemical. A chemical with a similar primary mode of toxic action to that of a reference toxicant displayed a concentration-addition type of joint action with the reference toxicant. The results are discussed with reference to nonpolar narcosis (type I narcosis) and polar narcosis (type II narcosis), oxidative phosphorylation uncoupling and quantitative structure-activity relationships. There are 49 references. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Broderius, S J AU - Kahl, MD AU - Hoglund, MD AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1591 EP - 1605 VL - 14 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Binary KW - Narcosis KW - Quantitative structure-activity relationships KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13650779?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+joint+toxic+response+to+define+the+primary+mode+of+toxic+action+for+diverse+industrial+organic+chemicals&rft.au=Broderius%2C+S+J%3BKahl%2C+MD%3BHoglund%2C+MD&rft.aulast=Broderius&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Building a national water quality monitoring programme AN - 13650655; 199601214 AB - Past developments and plans for extending water quality monitoring in the U.S.A. are outlined. Federal ambient water quality programmes are tabulated. The roles of the committees of the Intergovernmental Task Force on Monitoring Water Quality (ITFM) are explained. The ITFM was addressing several monitoring problems which included: deficiencies in federal data; inconsistencies arising from different sampling regimes, analytical techniques and definitions of water quality parameters and difficulties in accessing a variety of databases. A new body, the National Water Quality Monitoring Council, would attempt to remedy shortcomings by concentrating on methods, information systems, groundwater, ambient and compliance monitoring and collaborative activities. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Powell, M AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 458 EP - 463 VL - 29 IS - 10 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13650655?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Building+a+national+water+quality+monitoring+programme&rft.au=Powell%2C+M&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=458&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of azinphos-methyl on the reproductive success of the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus in littoral enclosures AN - 13650654; 199602499 AB - Adult bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) were exposed to single applications of 1 and 4 ug azinphos-methyl per litre in 12 littoral enclosures in a pond in northern Minnesota. Adult behaviour, spawning, embryo hatchability, larval survival, young-of-the-year growth and total biomass were the responses measured. The pesticide levels in water were analysed by gas chromatography after extraction by organic solvent. The half-lives of azinphos-methyl were 2.3 and 2.4 d at the 1 and 4 ug per litre levels, respectively. Residues remained for 8 d. The test concentrations did not have any adverse effects on the fish but prey such as copepod nauplii and cladocerans were significantly reduced 7 d after initiation of treatment. Complete recovery was achieved by day 35. The apparent lack of significant long-term effects on reproductive success was ascribed to the short half-life of azinphos-methyl. JF - Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety AU - Tanner, D K AU - Knuth, M L AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 184 EP - 193 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0147-6513, 0147-6513 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13650654?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.atitle=Effects+of+azinphos-methyl+on+the+reproductive+success+of+the+bluegill+sunfish%2C+Lepomis+macrochirus+in+littoral+enclosures&rft.au=Tanner%2C+D+K%3BKnuth%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=Tanner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecotoxicology+and+Environmental+Safety&rft.issn=01476513&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ps in TCM - the fuel of change AN - 13648327; 199601579 AB - The philosophy and concepts underlying Total Catchment Management (TCM), also known as Integrated Catchment Management, are examined. TCM recognized that the interaction and interdependence of natural resources needed to be reflected in management systems and processes. Most of New South Wales was covered by Catchment Management Committees, neutral bodies which facilitated and co-ordinated the implementation of changes in behaviour and practices. JF - Water (Australia) AU - Clarke, A AD - NSW EPA, Wollongong East Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 26 EP - 28 VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0310-0367, 0310-0367 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13648327?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+%28Australia%29&rft.atitle=Ps+in+TCM+-+the+fuel+of+change&rft.au=Clarke%2C+A&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+%28Australia%29&rft.issn=03100367&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - National ground water quality strategy update AN - 13648186; 199600576 AB - The groundwater aspects of a recent report of the U.S. Intergovernmental Task Force on Monitoring Water Quality (ITFM) are discussed. Its recommendations cover water quality indicators; monitoring strategy; organizational co-operation; consistency, dissemination and use of data and improvements to monitoring techniques. The creation of a National Ground Water Quality Monitoring Council and a proposed work plan for it are outlined. The views of the National Ground Water Association, as presented to ITFM, are set out. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Job, C AD - U.S. EPA, Washington, D.C. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 84 EP - 85 VL - 15 IS - 3 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13648186?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=National+ground+water+quality+strategy+update&rft.au=Job%2C+C&rft.aulast=Job&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=84&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - (3H)-2,3,7,8-TCDD uptake and elimination kinetics of medaka (Oryzias latipes) AN - 13647627; 199601000 AB - Oryzias latipes exposed to (3H)-2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) showed a rapid accumulation achieving residues 24,000 times the water concentration after 12 d with no indication of a steady-state. After 6 months in uncontaminated water, the pg TCDD per g decreased by 69 per cent principally due to growth dilution. Uptake and elimination rate constants of 2300 ml per g.d and 0.0045 per d, respectively, were estimated by fitting a 1-compartment linear, mass-balance model to the data, adjusting for growth rate. A steady-state bioconcentration factor of 510,000 was predicted during a 6 month elimination phase which is considerably higher than previously reported for dioxins. Kinetic parameters were used to successfully predict TCDD BCF in O. latipes exposed independently. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Schmieder, P AU - Lothenbach, D AU - Tietge, J AU - Erickson, R AU - Johnson, R AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1735 EP - 1743 VL - 14 IS - 10 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13647627?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=%283H%29-2%2C3%2C7%2C8-TCDD+uptake+and+elimination+kinetics+of+medaka+%28Oryzias+latipes%29&rft.au=Schmieder%2C+P%3BLothenbach%2C+D%3BTietge%2C+J%3BErickson%2C+R%3BJohnson%2C+R&rft.aulast=Schmieder&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1735&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity characterization of an industrial and a municipal effluent discharging to the marine environment AN - 13647400; 199600456 AB - Effluent samples were collected from 2 sources discharging into the marine environment. One source was a metal electroplating plant where effluent had been treated with coagulants before discharge. The other was municipal effluent containing household and industrial wastes. The effluents were divided into narrow toxicant classes using manipulations including aeration, filtration, chelation, oxidant reduction, reverse phase chromatography and graduated pH adjustments. A series of marine toxicity tests was carried out on the whole effluents and the fractions. The toxicity of both effluents was predominantly caused by metals and organic compounds. Some municipal samples showed ammonia toxicity. Toxicity Identification Evaluation methods could be combined with marine toxicity tests and historical data to illustrate the nature of toxicity discharged to the marine environment. There are 42 references. JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Burgess, R M AU - Ho, K T AU - Tagliabue, MD AU - Kuhn, A AU - Comeleo, R AU - Comeleo, P AU - Modica, G AU - Morrison, GE AD - U.S. EPA., Narragansett, R.I. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 524 EP - 535 VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13647400?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Toxicity+characterization+of+an+industrial+and+a+municipal+effluent+discharging+to+the+marine+environment&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BHo%2C+K+T%3BTagliabue%2C+MD%3BKuhn%2C+A%3BComeleo%2C+R%3BComeleo%2C+P%3BModica%2C+G%3BMorrison%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=524&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modelling disinfectant residuals in drinking-water storage tanks AN - 13647232; 199600683 AB - Factors implicated in the loss of disinfectant residuals in drinking water storage tanks were modelled by equations relating the residual to disinfectant reaction rate, tank volume and fill and drain rates. A solution for minimal disinfectant residual under constant inflow and outflow conditions showed that loss was significant when the product of the disinfectant decay constant and the empty tank refill time was greater than 0.1. The fraction of total volume applied to emergency storage had little effect on disinfectant residuals. A second numerical solution accounted for observations that system demand patterns, pump capacity and pump scheduling placed a constraint on tank fill and drain rates. Periodic or pulsed pumping maintained much higher residuals than constant pumping but such strategies required greater storage volume and pump capacity. JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Rossman, LA AU - Uber, J G AU - Grayman, WM AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 752 EP - 755 VL - 121 IS - 10 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13647232?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Modelling+disinfectant+residuals+in+drinking-water+storage+tanks&rft.au=Rossman%2C+LA%3BUber%2C+J+G%3BGrayman%2C+WM&rft.aulast=Rossman&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=121&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=752&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Theoretical. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reducing fluoride by managed POU treatment AN - 13647221; 199602259 AB - A point-of-use reverse osmosis (RO) system was demonstrated for reducing concentrations of 5.0-6.1 mg fluoride per litre at 38 households and 1 small business connected to a small water supply. Only the water used for drinking, cooking and ice making was treated. Each unit consisted of a sediment pre-filter, a cellulose triacetate RO membrane, a storage tank and an activated carbon post-filter. The units were evaluated by fluoride analyses and other standard drinking water measurements. Concentrations were maintained below 2 mg fluoride per litre over 3 years. Close liaison was necessary with all householders whose views on the changes in water quality through the introduction of RO were canvassed. Consumer reactions were favourable. Point-of-use treatment as a means of complying with drinking water standards was not currently accepted by the U.S. EPA. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Lykins, B W AU - Astle, R AU - Schlafer, J L AU - Shanaghan, P E AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 57 EP - 65 VL - 87 IS - 11 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - Analysis KW - Equipment KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13647221?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Reducing+fluoride+by+managed+POU+treatment&rft.au=Lykins%2C+B+W%3BAstle%2C+R%3BSchlafer%2C+J+L%3BShanaghan%2C+P+E&rft.aulast=Lykins&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wastewater collection systems for small communities AN - 13646809; 199603345 AB - For low population density rural areas, wastewater collection systems using small diameter, lightweight, shallow piping were efficient and economic alternatives to conventional gravity sewers. Pressure, vacuum and small diameter gravity sewers could be used. The systems are described together with their design criteria, costs and applicability. JF - Water Resources Journal AU - Kreissl, J F AD - U.S. EPA Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 64 EP - 71 IS - 184 SN - 0377-8053, 0377-8053 KW - Pipes (see also conduits, drains, pipelines,sewers) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00005:Underground Services and Water Use UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13646809?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Journal&rft.atitle=Wastewater+collection+systems+for+small+communities&rft.au=Kreissl%2C+J+F&rft.aulast=Kreissl&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=184&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Journal&rft.issn=03778053&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developing a national drinking water regulation for disinfection of groundwater AN - 13646271; 199603002 AB - The U.S. EPA was directed to develop requirements for the disinfection of groundwater based drinking water systems by the Safe Drinking Water Act. The current Ground Water Rule regulating work group which included representatives from states, the U.S. EPA and other interested parties, considered the factors which had a bearing on the formulation of a regulation which would adequately protect public health and which could be feasible to implement. Groundwater sources and systems found to be contaminated or vulnerable to contamination were likely to be disinfected but with criteria for non-disinfected sources also a possibility. JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Macler, BA AD - U.S. EPA, San Francisco, Calif. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 77 EP - 84 VL - 15 IS - 4 KW - State KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00001:Water Resources and Supplies UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13646271?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Developing+a+national+drinking+water+regulation+for+disinfection+of+groundwater&rft.au=Macler%2C+BA&rft.aulast=Macler&rft.aufirst=BA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=77&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Legislation. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responses of embryonic and larval inland silversides, Menidia beryllina, to No.2 fuel oil and oil dispersants in seawater AN - 13645785; 199601465 AB - The effects of the water-soluble fraction of No.2 fuel oil and the oil dispersants Corexit 7664 and 9527, separately and in combination, on embryos of inland silversides (Menidia beryllina) were studied. Embryos were exposed in the early blastula stage and an ordinal ranking system was used to score observed daily craniofacial, cardiovascular and skeletal responses to 1, 10 and 100 per cent concentrations of the water-soluble fuel oil fraction and the No.2 fuel oil and their recommended dispersants. The addition of dispersants increased the water-soluble fraction of hydrocarbons in seawater and resulted in increased adverse effects. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Whiting, D D AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 535 EP - 539 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Sea water (see also marine -----) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13645785?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Responses+of+embryonic+and+larval+inland+silversides%2C+Menidia+beryllina%2C+to+No.2+fuel+oil+and+oil+dispersants+in+seawater&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BWhiting%2C+D+D&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=535&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of cadmium on growth and bioaccumulation in the Northwestern salamander Ambystoma gracile AN - 13645429; 199601453 AB - The effect of cadmium in water on the survival, bioaccumulation and growth of larvae and juveniles of the Northwestern salamander (Ambystoma gracile) were studied. A 96 h LC50 value of 468.4 ug cadmium per litre was found for 3 month old larvae. In 10- and 24-d exposures, significant adverse effects on larval growth were observed at 227.3 and 193.1 ug cadmium per litre, respectively. In the same tests, no adverse effects were observed at 106.3 and 48.9 ug cadmium per litre, respectively. Tissue cadmium bioconcentration values up to 63 times the concentration of cadmium in water were observed in water/larval tests. No bioaccumulation occurred in larval and juvenile feeding tests. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Ott, S L AD - U.S. EPA, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 492 EP - 499 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13645429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+cadmium+on+growth+and+bioaccumulation+in+the+Northwestern+salamander+Ambystoma+gracile&rft.au=Nebeker%2C+A+V%3BSchuytema%2C+G+S%3BOtt%2C+S+L&rft.aulast=Nebeker&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=492&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vacuum distillation coupled with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for the analysis of environmental samples AN - 13645227; 199601766 AB - A system coupling vacuum distillation with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyse environmental samples containing volatile organic compounds. A procedure was developed to compensate for matrix effects. A single sample analysis provided both analytical results and confidence intervals. Relative volatility values were determined for 114 organic compounds. These were comparable with gas-water partition coefficients. The compounds had boiling points up to 245C and partition coefficients below 15,000. The accuracy of determination was within 5 per cent for water, soil and oil matrices. Detection limits were below 1 ppb. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Hiatt, M H AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 4044 EP - 4052 VL - 67 IS - 22 KW - Analysis KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13645227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Vacuum+distillation+coupled+with+gas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry+for+the+analysis+of+environmental+samples&rft.au=Hiatt%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Hiatt&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=22&rft.spage=4044&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modification and assessment of an index of biotic integrity to quantify water resource quality in great rivers AN - 13644946; 199602616 AB - The index of biotic integrity was adapted to great rivers (defined as catchments greater than 3226 km2) and calibrated. Fish fauna were sampled by electrofishing at 60 sites in 15 impoundments of the Ohio, Monongahela and Allegheny rivers at riverine transitional and lacustrine sites during July and September between 1990 and 1993. Original and adapted biotic integrity and their definitions are compared or tabulated. Great river species indicative of large river faunal groups are tabulated for the Allegheny plateau. Species tolerant to wide perturbation for the upper Ohio river are tabulated. There was no significant correlation between ecoregions or different reservoirs. Index of biotic integrity was sensitive to land use and industrial and municipal loadings. Species richness, percentage faunal groups, proportions of round-bodied sucker species, numbers of centrarchid species, numbers of sensitive taxa and proportions of simple lithophilus spawning species showed greatest change between riverine and lacustrine sites. The percentage large river faunal group metric was not significantly different between the 3 habitats but did reflect significant differences when evaluated with habitat information. Numbers of centrarchid species were higher in lacustrine sites and the round-bodied sucker species in transitional sites. Inherent variation of proportional metrics was significantly reduced by removal of gizzard shad and would enhance assessment sensitivity by the modified Index of biotic integrity. There are 40 references. JF - Regulated Rivers: Research & Management AU - Simon, T P AU - Emery, E B AD - U.S. EPA, Chicago, Ill. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 283 EP - 298 VL - 11 IS - 3/4 SN - 0886-9375, 0886-9375 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulated+Rivers%3A+Research+%26+Management&rft.atitle=Modification+and+assessment+of+an+index+of+biotic+integrity+to+quantify+water+resource+quality+in+great+rivers&rft.au=Simon%2C+T+P%3BEmery%2C+E+B&rft.aulast=Simon&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3%2F4&rft.spage=283&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulated+Rivers%3A+Research+%26+Management&rft.issn=08869375&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microscale flow injection and microbore high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry via a high-efficiency nebulizer AN - 13644698; 199602770 AB - The use of a high-efficiency nebulizer was investigated for discrete microsample introduction into an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) via microscale flow injection flow injection and microbore high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The FI system was configured to minimize band broadening between the injection valve and the nebulizer and it was evaluated for flow rates between 20 and 120 ul per minute. The utility of the nebulizer was demonstrated for the determination of arsenic and lead in various certified reference materials (water and bone ash) by flow injection-ICP-MS, the measurement of lead isotope ratios by flow injection-ICP-MS and the speciation of arsenic compounds via HPLC-ICP-MS. The absolute detection limits (femtogram range) for various arsenic compounds were better than those obtained previously by using conventional column HPLC-ICP-MS. Other advantages included the use of small sample volumes (less than 1 ul), the resulting minimization of sample matrix introduction into the plasma and reduced waste generation compared with conventional ICP-MS sampling systems. There are 31 references. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Pergantis, SA AU - Heithmar, E M AU - Hinners, T A AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 4530 EP - 4535 VL - 67 IS - 24 KW - Columns KW - Pb KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644698?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Microscale+flow+injection+and+microbore+high-performance+liquid+chromatography+coupled+with+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometry+via+a+high-efficiency+nebulizer&rft.au=Pergantis%2C+SA%3BHeithmar%2C+E+M%3BHinners%2C+T+A&rft.aulast=Pergantis&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=67&rft.issue=24&rft.spage=4530&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Package plants for small systems: a field study AN - 13644661; 199602233 AB - A U.S. EPA and American Water Works Association joint study examined 48 small package water treatment plants representing a geographical and technological cross-section. The systems were evaluated from historical water quality data, financial records and analyses of raw and finished waters. Standardized levels of operator certification, knowledge and use of technical assistance and competent management were frequently lacking. Most systems met current criteria, although a few did not comply with turbidity and inorganic contaminant criteria. Several systems would have difficulty complying with the more demanding requirements of the Disinfectant/Disinfection By-Products Rule and the Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule. JF - Journal of the American Water Resources Association AU - Campbell, S AU - Lykins, B W AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Post, D AU - Lay, T AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 39 EP - 47 VL - 87 IS - 11 SN - 1093-474X, 1093-474X KW - American water works association KW - Analysis KW - U.s. environmental protection agency KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00004:Water Treatment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.atitle=Package+plants+for+small+systems%3A+a+field+study&rft.au=Campbell%2C+S%3BLykins%2C+B+W%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BPost%2C+D%3BLay%2C+T&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+American+Water+Resources+Association&rft.issn=1093474X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Distribution and persistence of diflubenzuron within littoral enclosure mesocosms AN - 13644523; 199604290 AB - Littoral enclosures were used as model ecosystems in studies intended to simulate the distribution, persistence and mass balance of the insecticide diflubenzuron in natural ecosystems. The residue half-life in the water column ranged from 3.3 to 8.2 d with a mean of 4.3 d. A 95 per cent dissipation required 14-35 d. In macrophytes, the corresponding values were 2.0 to 5.7 d, with 8.6 to 24.6 d for 95 per cent dissipation, while in sediment they were 6.2 to 10.4 d, with 26.9 to 45.0 d for 95 per cent dissipation. The water was the major compartment for residues, with amounts ranging from 82.3 per cent of that applied after 3 hours to 11.6 per cent after 7 d. JF - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AU - Knuth, M L AU - Heinis, L J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1087 EP - 1097 VL - 43 IS - 4 SN - 0021-8561, 0021-8561 KW - Mesocosm KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Distribution+and+persistence+of+diflubenzuron+within+littoral+enclosure+mesocosms&rft.au=Knuth%2C+M+L%3BHeinis%2C+L+J&rft.aulast=Knuth&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=43&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1087&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Agricultural+and+Food+Chemistry&rft.issn=00218561&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Validation of embryo tests for determining effects of fungal pest control agents on nontarget aquatic animals AN - 13644317; 199601419 AB - The effects of exposure to conidiospores of the fungal weed control agent Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and the entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae on developing embryos of inland silversides (Menidia beryllina) and grass shrimps (Palaemonetes pugio) were studied. The object was to test the effects of these microbial pest-control agents on non-target organisms. Only M. anisopliae caused significant mortalities in exposed embryos. The effects of injecting C. gloeosporioides conidiospores into adult animals was also assessed. Fatal infections were caused by injecting conidia into the peritoneum of fish or the haemocoel of shrimps. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Genthner, F J AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Foss, S S AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 540 EP - 544 VL - 29 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13644317?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Validation+of+embryo+tests+for+determining+effects+of+fungal+pest+control+agents+on+nontarget+aquatic+animals&rft.au=Genthner%2C+F+J%3BMiddaugh%2C+D+P%3BFoss%2C+S+S&rft.aulast=Genthner&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=540&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phosphorus removal in ponds AN - 13643405; 199602370 AB - Operational data were obtained on 32 municipal wastewater lagoon treatment systems in Minnesota and Michigan which removed phosphorus by chemical addition to evaluate performance and identify problems. Chemicals typically used were alum, ferrous and ferric chlorides, lime and various polymers. The chemicals were added either in the secondary cells of the facultative lagoons or in the mixing chamber between the lagoon cells and the final clarifier. The method generally worked adequately, with effluent phosphorus below 1 mg per litre in all but 2 of the systems evaluated. Alum and ferric chloride were the most effective chemicals. No deleterious accumulation of sludge was noted. Secondary benefits of chemical dosing were lower BOD and suspended solids in the final effluents. JF - Water Science & Technology AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Banerji, S K AU - Pycha, C J AU - Lopez, E R AD - U.S. EPA, Kansas City, Kans. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 331 EP - 339 VL - 31 IS - 12 SN - 0273-1223, 0273-1223 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00006:Sewage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13643405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Phosphorus+removal+in+ponds&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BBanerji%2C+S+K%3BPycha%2C+C+J%3BLopez%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=331&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02731223&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of light intensity on the phototoxicity of fluoranthene to a benthic macroinvertebrate AN - 13643064; 199601999 AB - The benthic macroinvertebrate Lumbriculus variegatus was exposed to several aqueous concentrations of fluoranthene, a phototoxic PAH, then to UV light at 3 different intensities. Fluoranthene was analysed by high performance liquid chromatography. Data were represented by an expression in which exposure concentration, light intensity and time to death were inversely related. Phototoxicity was clearly a function of PAH dose and light intensity. Time-dependent mortality could be accurately predicted through evaluation of the product of fluoranthene dose in the animal tissue and light intensity. Criteria for phototoxic chemicals should consider both xenobiotic exposure and light intensity in specific aquatic environments. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Ankley, G T AU - Ericson, R J AU - Phipps, G L AU - Mattson, V R AU - Kosian, P A AU - Sheedy, B R AU - Cox, J S AD - U.S. EPA, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 2828 EP - 2833 VL - 29 IS - 11 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Fluoranthene KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13643064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+light+intensity+on+the+phototoxicity+of+fluoranthene+to+a+benthic+macroinvertebrate&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BEricson%2C+R+J%3BPhipps%2C+G+L%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BSheedy%2C+B+R%3BCox%2C+J+S&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=2828&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of acidification on the concentrations of heavy metals in running waters in Sweden AN - 13642658; 199604704 AB - The effect of soil acidification on concentrations of heavy metals in streams and rivers was monitored at around 80 locations in Sweden. In southern Sweden, acidification brought about a marked increase in the leakage of zinc and cadmium from soils to waters. Increased leaching from forest soils also influenced concentrations in rivers in southern Sweden. In periods of high water flow, pH values in rivers decreased and concentrations of zinc and cadmium increased. Acidification effects on zinc and cadmium were less evident in northern Sweden. Links between acidification and levels of lead and copper in watercourses were much weaker. These metals responded more to organic matter contents in waters. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Johansson, K AU - Bringmark, E AU - Lindevall, L AU - Wilander, A AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 779 EP - 784 VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13642658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Effects+of+acidification+on+the+concentrations+of+heavy+metals+in+running+waters+in+Sweden&rft.au=Johansson%2C+K%3BBringmark%2C+E%3BLindevall%2C+L%3BWilander%2C+A&rft.aulast=Johansson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=779&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Case Study. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Re-liming and re-acidification effects on lakewater, chemistry, plankton and macrophytes AN - 13642324; 199604631 AB - A long term investigation of limed and later re-acidified lakewater was carried out at Ravekarrs Langevatten lake in south-west Sweden. Lake liming reduced levels of aluminium, cadmium and zinc, allowing pH-sensitive species to survive. However, liming also mobilized nutrients and caused internal eutrophication which could produce macrophyte expansion in shallow lakes. Subsequent re-acidification destroyed much of the flora and fauna which were successful during limited conditions, as a result of lowered pH and enhanced levels of toxic metals (aluminium, cadmium and zinc). Sediments provided only temporary sinks for metals and nutrients. The study suggested that surface waters should be limed before they reached lakes. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Dickson, W AU - Borg, H AU - Ekstrom, C AU - Hornstrom, E AU - Gronlund, T AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 919 EP - 924 VL - 85 IS - 2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Animals (see also individual groups below) KW - Lime treatment KW - Plants (see also aquatic macrophytes, grps below) KW - Surface water (s/a lakes,ponds,reservoirs,streams) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13642324?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Re-liming+and+re-acidification+effects+on+lakewater%2C+chemistry%2C+plankton+and+macrophytes&rft.au=Dickson%2C+W%3BBorg%2C+H%3BEkstrom%2C+C%3BHornstrom%2C+E%3BGronlund%2C+T&rft.aulast=Dickson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=919&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methods for treating acid groundwater results and evaluation of long-term tests AN - 13642224; 199604670 AB - Seven in-situ and 8 types of filtration methods of treating acidified groundwater before use as potable water are briefly described and their effectiveness evaluated. The in-situ methods sought to raise the alkalinity of infiltration or re-infiltration water with limestone or slaked lime. Beds or trenches of limestone close to the well performed best and avoided excessively high pH values. In the filtration devices, water was passed through a bed of limestone or dolomite before leaving the well, or after abstraction and before use. Most achieved an alkalinity of 60 mg per litre, the least successful being a device installed below the water table. Most treatments reduced the concentrations of aluminium and iron. In general, users of private wells would find filtration devices more convenient and effective for correcting acidic water than in-situ methods. JF - Water, Air, & Soil Pollution AU - Bertills, U AU - Sundlof, B AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 1849 EP - 1854 VL - 85 IS - 3 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - Equipment KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00002:Water Quality UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13642224?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Methods+for+treating+acid+groundwater+results+and+evaluation+of+long-term+tests&rft.au=Bertills%2C+U%3BSundlof%2C+B&rft.aulast=Bertills&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=85&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=1849&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air%2C+%26+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sludge production in rotating biological contactors with supplemental aeration and an extended first stage AN - 13641631; 199604435 AB - A full-scale rotating biological contactor (RBC) treatment plant having 2 parallel trains with 4 stages in each train, was used to examine the overall process efficiency at various organic loading conditions. The wastewater treated in the RBC was a mixture of domestic and dairy industry waste, although the organic loading due to the latter was insignificant relative to that of the former. The variables examined included: soluble COD (SCOD), soluble BOD5 (SBOD5), ammonia-nitrogen removal rates and the overall and individual stage sludge production rates. The overall performance of the RBC receiving supplemental aeration was significantly better relative to SCOD, SBOD5 and ammonia-nitrogen removal rates than was the case for RBC. In addition, the overall sludge production was the same with and without supplemental aeration at high and low organic loading rates when each RBC stage was the same size. JF - Bioresource Technology AU - Surampalli, R Y AU - Baumann, E R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Kansas City Y1 - 1995 PY - 1995 DA - 1995 SP - 297 EP - 304 VL - 54 IS - 3 SN - 0960-8524, 0960-8524 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00007:Industrial Effluents UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13641631?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioresource+Technology&rft.atitle=Sludge+production+in+rotating+biological+contactors+with+supplemental+aeration+and+an+extended+first+stage&rft.au=Surampalli%2C+R+Y%3BBaumann%2C+E+R&rft.aulast=Surampalli&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1995-01-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioresource+Technology&rft.issn=09608524&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Application. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Factors affecting the photochemical production of carbonyl sulfide in seawater AN - 50159174; 1995-029818 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Zepp, Richard G AU - Andreae, Meinrat O Y1 - 1994/12/15/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Dec 15 SP - 2813 EP - 2816 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 21 IS - 25 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - sea water KW - dimethylsulfoniumpropionate KW - Europe KW - carbonyl sulfide KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - chemical reactions KW - Central Europe KW - Rhineland-Palatinate Germany KW - shelf environment KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - spectra KW - synthetic materials KW - organic sulfur KW - Baltic Sea KW - organic materials KW - photochemistry KW - solutes KW - Mainz Germany KW - organic compounds KW - marine environment KW - sulfur KW - coastal environment KW - North Sea KW - North Atlantic KW - Germany KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50159174?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=Factors+affecting+the+photochemical+production+of+carbonyl+sulfide+in+seawater&rft.au=Zepp%2C+Richard+G%3BAndreae%2C+Meinrat+O&rft.aulast=Zepp&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1994-12-15&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=25&rft.spage=2813&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F94GL03083 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; Baltic Sea; carbonyl sulfide; Central Europe; chemical reactions; coastal environment; dimethylsulfoniumpropionate; Europe; Germany; Gulf of Mexico; Mainz Germany; marine environment; North Atlantic; North Sea; organic compounds; organic materials; organic sulfur; photochemistry; Rhineland-Palatinate Germany; sea water; shelf environment; solutes; spectra; sulfur; synthetic materials; ultraviolet spectra DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94GL03083 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Planning and implementation of a comprehensive ecological risk assessment at the Milltown Reservoir-Clark Fork River Superfund Site, Montana AN - 51324707; 1996-058221 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Pascoe, Gary A AU - DalSoglio, Julie A Y1 - 1994/12// PY - 1994 DA - December 1994 SP - 1943 EP - 1956 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 13 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - United States KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - zinc KW - acid mine drainage KW - Missoula County Montana KW - copper KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - watersheds KW - pollution KW - Clark Fork KW - Montana KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - sediments KW - Clark Fork River Superfund Site KW - risk assessment KW - tailings KW - Clark Fork basin KW - Milltown Reservoir KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51324707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Planning+and+implementation+of+a+comprehensive+ecological+risk+assessment+at+the+Milltown+Reservoir-Clark+Fork+River+Superfund+Site%2C+Montana&rft.au=Pascoe%2C+Gary+A%3BDalSoglio%2C+Julie+A&rft.aulast=Pascoe&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1943&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 71 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch maps N1 - SuppNotes - Includes an appendix N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Clark Fork; Clark Fork basin; Clark Fork River Superfund Site; copper; heavy metals; hydrology; metals; Milltown Reservoir; Missoula County Montana; Montana; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; sediments; site exploration; soils; Superfund; tailings; United States; watersheds; wetlands; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ecological assessment for the wetlands at Milltown Reservoir, Missoula, Montana; characterization of emergent and upland habitats AN - 51322494; 1996-058222 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Linder, Greg AU - Hazelwood, Robert AU - Palawski, Don AU - Bollman, Michael AU - Wilborn, David AU - Malloy, John AU - DuBois, Kristi AU - Ott, Suean AU - Pascoe, Gary AU - DalSoglio, Julie Y1 - 1994/12// PY - 1994 DA - December 1994 SP - 1957 EP - 1970 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 13 IS - 12 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - United States KW - soils KW - reservoirs KW - Missoula County Montana KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - Clark Fork KW - indicators KW - Montana KW - detection KW - wetlands KW - metals KW - risk assessment KW - ecology KW - Milltown Reservoir Superfund Site KW - chemical composition KW - Clark Fork basin KW - Milltown Reservoir KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51322494?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Ecological+assessment+for+the+wetlands+at+Milltown+Reservoir%2C+Missoula%2C+Montana%3B+characterization+of+emergent+and+upland+habitats&rft.au=Linder%2C+Greg%3BHazelwood%2C+Robert%3BPalawski%2C+Don%3BBollman%2C+Michael%3BWilborn%2C+David%3BMalloy%2C+John%3BDuBois%2C+Kristi%3BOtt%2C+Suean%3BPascoe%2C+Gary%3BDalSoglio%2C+Julie&rft.aulast=Linder&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=13&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1957&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; chemical composition; Clark Fork; Clark Fork basin; detection; ecology; heavy metals; indicators; metals; Milltown Reservoir; Milltown Reservoir Superfund Site; Missoula County Montana; Montana; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; reservoirs; risk assessment; site exploration; soils; Superfund; United States; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A kinetic model for cell density dependent bacteria transport in porous media AN - 50153387; 2007-063701 AB - A kinetic transport model with the ability to account for variations in cell density of the aqueous and solid phases was developed for bacteria in porous media. Sorption kinetics in the advective-dispersive-sorptive equation was described by assuming that adsorption was proportional to the aqueous cell density and the number of available sites on the solid phase, whereas desorption was proportional to the density of sorbed cells. A numerical solution to the model was tested against laboratory column data, and the performance was compared with that of a two-site model. The kinetic model described the column data as well as the two-site model did, but the highest efficiencies of both models were associated with experiments with the smallest sorption. Furthermore, the kinetic model accounted for cell density dependent sorption, as demonstrated by fair predictions of bacterial transport at one cell density when using parameters obtained at another cell density. Copyright 1994 by the American Geophysical Union. JF - Water Resources Research AU - Lindqvist, Roland AU - Cho, Jong Soo AU - Enfield, Carl G Y1 - 1994/12// PY - 1994 DA - December 1994 SP - 3291 EP - 3299 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 12 SN - 0043-1397, 0043-1397 KW - experimental studies KW - one-dimensional models KW - numerical analysis KW - analog simulation KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - adsorption KW - advection KW - physical models KW - observations KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - transport KW - bacteria KW - breakthrough curves KW - water pollution KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50153387?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=A+kinetic+model+for+cell+density+dependent+bacteria+transport+in+porous+media&rft.au=Lindqvist%2C+Roland%3BCho%2C+Jong+Soo%3BEnfield%2C+Carl+G&rft.aulast=Lindqvist&rft.aufirst=Roland&rft.date=1994-12-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=3291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=00431397&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F94WR01725 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/wr/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2007-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 37 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRERAQ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; advection; analog simulation; bacteria; breakthrough curves; experimental studies; ground water; laboratory studies; mathematical models; microorganisms; numerical analysis; observations; one-dimensional models; physical models; pollution; porous materials; prediction; transport; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94WR01725 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The ototoxicity of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile: functional and morphological evidence of cochlear damage. AN - 85158689; pmid-7896571 AB - Previous reports have suggested that IDPN may be ototoxic (Wolff et al., 1977; Crofton and Knight, 1991). The purpose of this research was to investigate the ototoxicity of IDPN using behavioral, physiological and morphological approaches. Three groups of adult rats were exposed to IDPN (0-400 mg/kg/day) for three consecutive days. In the first group, at 9-10 weeks post-exposure, thresholds for hearing of 5.3- and 38-kHz filtered clicks were measured electrophysiologically and brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs) were also recorded to a suprathreshold broadband click stimulus. A second set of animals was tested at 9 weeks for behavioral hearing thresholds (0.5- to 40-kHz tones) and at 11-12 weeks post-exposure for BAER thresholds (5- to 80-kHz filtered clicks). A third group of animals was exposed (as above), and killed at 12-14 weeks post-exposure for histological assessment. Kanamycin sulfate was used as a positive control for high-frequency selective hearing loss. Surface preparations of the organ of Corti were prepared in order to assess hair cells, and mid-modiolar sections of the cochlea were used to examine Rosenthal's canal and the stria vascularis. Functional data demonstrate a broad-spectrum hearing loss ranging from 0.5 kHz (30 dB deficit) to 80 kHz (40 dB deficit), as compared to a hearing deficit in kanamycin-exposed animals that was only apparent at frequencies greater than 5 kHz. Surface preparations revealed IDPN-induced hair cell loss in all turns of the organ of Corti, with a basal-to-apical gradient (more damage in the basal turns) at the lower dosages. At higher dosages there was complete destruction of the organ of Corti. There was also a dosage-related loss of spiral ganglion cells in all turns of the cochlea, again with a basal-to-apical gradient at the lower dosages. These data demonstrate that IDPN exposure in the rat results in extensive hearing loss and loss of neural structures in the cochlea. JF - Hearing Research AU - Crofton, K M AU - Janssen, R AU - Prazma, J AU - Pulver, S AU - Barone, S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC. PY - 1994 SP - 129 EP - 140 VL - 80 IS - 2 SN - 0378-5955, 0378-5955 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85158689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hearing+Research&rft.atitle=The+ototoxicity+of+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile%3A+functional+and+morphological+evidence+of+cochlear+damage.&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BJanssen%2C+R%3BPrazma%2C+J%3BPulver%2C+S%3BBarone%2C+S&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hearing+Research&rft.issn=03785955&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cell death and cell cycle perturbation in the developmental toxicity of the demethylating agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine. AN - 77804214; 7536356 AB - DNA methylation is a probable mechanism for regulating gene expression, and alterations in methylation may significantly affect embryonic development. We administered the cytidine analogue 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (dAZA), a specific and potent demethylator of DNA, to pregnant mice to determine its teratogenicity and effects on embryonic cell death and cell cycle. Groups of females were dosed intraperitoneally on gestation day 10 with doses of 0.05-3 mg/kg dAZA and killed at 4, 8, or 28 hr later. Two embryos per litter were immediately stained with Nile blue sulfate (NBS) to identify areas of cell death; the remaining embryos were frozen and stored for subsequent flow cytometric (FCM) analysis of the cellular DNA synthetic cycle in limb buds. A dose-related accumulation of cells in the S and G2/M phases was observed at 4 and 8 hr after maternal dosing. S-phase accumulation was the most sensitive indicator of effect; a dose-related increase in the percentage of hindlimb bud cells in S-phase was evident at all dosages 4 hr after maternal dosing. By 28 hr postdosing, a normal cell cycle phase distribution was observed at doses of or = 0.1 mg/kg. Observation of litters from additional dams killed at term revealed that at dosages of > or = 0.3 mg/kg, cleft palate and hindlimb defects were significantly elevated. In addition, above 0.3 mg/kg, fetal weight was significantly decreased.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Teratology AU - Rogers, J M AU - Francis, B M AU - Sulik, K K AU - Alles, A J AU - Massaro, E J AU - Zucker, R M AU - Elstein, K H AU - Rosen, M B AU - Chernoff, N AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 332 EP - 339 VL - 50 IS - 5 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Teratogens KW - 0 KW - decitabine KW - 776B62CQ27 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Azacitidine KW - M801H13NRU KW - Index Medicus KW - Limb Deformities, Congenital KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Cell Death KW - Mice KW - Flow Cytometry KW - Female KW - Cell Cycle -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - Azacitidine -- toxicity KW - Azacitidine -- analogs & derivatives KW - Teratogens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77804214?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Cell+death+and+cell+cycle+perturbation+in+the+developmental+toxicity+of+the+demethylating+agent%2C+5-aza-2%27-deoxycytidine.&rft.au=Rogers%2C+J+M%3BFrancis%2C+B+M%3BSulik%2C+K+K%3BAlles%2C+A+J%3BMassaro%2C+E+J%3BZucker%2C+R+M%3BElstein%2C+K+H%3BRosen%2C+M+B%3BChernoff%2C+N&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=332&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmacokinetics, chemical interactions, and toxicological risk assessment in perspective. AN - 77791714; 7698075 AB - Chemical mixtures and multiple routes of exposure are frequently difficult problems for exposure and risk assessors. Chemicals can interact synergistically or antagonistically at a variety of physiologic and biochemical loci within target cells. Many of these interactions can be accounted for with a thorough understanding of the pharmacokinetics of the compounds in the mixture. Many pharmacokinetic processes such as metabolism and absorption can be impacted by the presence of other chemicals in the environment and diet and as a result of medication. In addition, variations between responses as a result of different exposure scenarios (route of exposure, frequency, magnitude) can sometimes result from the impacts upon the pharmacokinetics. Pharmacokinetic models, when properly formulated and tested, can be useful tools to describe and predict the magnitude of the impact of multichemical and multiroute exposures. Several examples will be used to demonstrate this potentially powerful tool and how it can impact the risk assessment process. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Blancato, J N AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nevada 89193. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 133 EP - 137 VL - 102 Suppl 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Hexanones KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - 2,5-hexanedione KW - C0Z8884J3P KW - Index Medicus KW - Chloroform -- metabolism KW - Humans KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Chloroform -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hexanones -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hexanones -- metabolism KW - Risk Assessment KW - Air Pollutants -- pharmacokinetics KW - Air Pollutants -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77791714?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Pharmacokinetics%2C+chemical+interactions%2C+and+toxicological+risk+assessment+in+perspective.&rft.au=Blancato%2C+J+N&rft.aulast=Blancato&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=133&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-04 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Cell Biol Toxicol. 1989 Dec;5(4):417-44 [2627677] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of carcinogenic hazard of chemical mixtures through analysis of binary chemical interaction data. AN - 77780071; 7698072 AB - Assessment of the potential health hazard of environmental complex chemical mixtures is one of the most difficult and challenging problems in toxicology. In this article, we describe the development of an innovative computerized system for ranking and predicting potential cancer hazard of chemical mixtures. We take into consideration both the additive risk of individual carcinogens present and the projected overall interaction effect of the mixture based on analyzing and integrating the possible interaction effects of all binary pairs of individual constituents of the mixture. Using this system, it can be predicted that a number of mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons should have a carcinogenic risk lower than that calculated by the simple additivity model, whereas the reverse is true for a number of other mixtures. The system can be very useful in hazard ranking and priority setting in dealing with mixture problems such as cleanup of hazardous waste. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Woo, Y T AU - Di Carlo, F J AU - Arcos, J C AU - Argus, M F AU - Polansky, G AU - DuBose, J AD - Health and Environmental Review Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 113 EP - 118 VL - 102 Suppl 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Drug Interactions KW - Risk Assessment KW - Software KW - Information Systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77780071?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+carcinogenic+hazard+of+chemical+mixtures+through+analysis+of+binary+chemical+interaction+data.&rft.au=Woo%2C+Y+T%3BDi+Carlo%2C+F+J%3BArcos%2C+J+C%3BArgus%2C+M+F%3BPolansky%2C+G%3BDuBose%2C+J&rft.aulast=Woo&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-05-04 N1 - Date created - 1995-05-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Carcinogenesis. 1983;4(4):393-7 [6301703] Drug Metab Rev. 1986;17(1-2):171-84 [3536380] Eur J Pharmacol. 1990 May 3;180(1):153-9 [2142091] Carcinogenesis. 1989 Jan;10(1):131-7 [2491965] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1989 Feb;12(2):303-12 [2714530] Tumour Biol. 1988;9(4):165-9 [3420372] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mechanisms of the stimulation of rat uterine peroxidase activity by methoxychlor. AN - 77773059; 7881199 AB - Methoxychlor (MXC) has adverse effects on fertility and rat uteri via its active metabolite HPTE (2,2-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane). Uterine peroxidase, a marker of estrogen action, was used to probe potential mechanisms of MXC's adverse effects. Specifically, our objective was to compare the regulation of the effects of estrogen and MXC on uterine peroxidase. Immature female rats were treated with MXC (250 mg/kg; gavage) 24 h prior to the measurement of uterine peroxidase activity, with or without concurrent treatment with actinomycin D, cycloheximide, progesterone, or tamoxifen. MXC alone produced an increase in peroxidase activity. The prior and/or concurrent treatment with the compounds listed blocked the MXC-induced stimulation of peroxidase. These data show similarities between the mechanisms of estrogen MXC action. Both estrogen and MXC act to stimulate uterine peroxidase activity via increased RNA and protein synthesis and this stimulation can be blocked by progesterone and tamoxifen. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Cummings, A M AU - Metcalf, J L AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch, DTD, HERL, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 477 EP - 486 VL - 8 IS - 6 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Tamoxifen KW - 094ZI81Y45 KW - Dactinomycin KW - 1CC1JFE158 KW - Progesterone KW - 4G7DS2Q64Y KW - Estradiol KW - 4TI98Z838E KW - Cycloheximide KW - 98600C0908 KW - Peroxidase KW - EC 1.11.1.7 KW - Methoxychlor KW - RIA79UD69L KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Tamoxifen -- pharmacology KW - Dactinomycin -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Progesterone -- physiology KW - Cycloheximide -- pharmacology KW - Estradiol -- physiology KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Methoxychlor -- metabolism KW - Peroxidase -- metabolism KW - Uterus -- enzymology KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Methoxychlor -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77773059?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Mechanisms+of+the+stimulation+of+rat+uterine+peroxidase+activity+by+methoxychlor.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BMetcalf%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=477&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-04-12 N1 - Date created - 1995-04-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile on acquisition and performance of spatial tasks in rats. AN - 77743443; 7862057 AB - 3,3'-Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) has been reported to disrupt learning and memory in rats (24). The present work addressed the effects of IDPN on tasks requiring the use of spatial information. Separate groups of male rats were dosed with IDPN (IP, in 1 ml/kg saline) for 3 consecutive days and tested in the following procedures: (a) step-through passive avoidance conditioning (0, 100, 150, and 200 mg/kg/day); (b) Morris water maze (MWM) acquisition and retention (0, 125, 150, 175, and 200 mg/kg/day); (c) radial arm maze (RAM) acquisition (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day); (d) RAM steady-state performance (0, 200, and 400 mg/kg/day); (e) repeated acquisition in the RAM (0, and 200 mg/kg/day). The vestibular toxicity of IDPN resulted in alterations in spontaneous behavior or swimming deficits in 5 of 8 rats treated with 175 mg/kg/day and in all the animals dosed with 200 or 400 mg/kg/day. IDPN increased step-through PA latencies at 200 mg/kg/day but not at lower doses. In the MWM, no performance deficits were observed at the dose levels preserving the swimming ability of the animals. In both the acquisition and the steady-state RAM tasks, IDPN (400 mg/kg/day) induced an increase in both choice errors and perseverative errors. In the RAM repeated acquisition paradigm, IDPN (200 mg/kg/day) induced performance deficits that included a decreased rate of within-session reduction in errors. The present data show that IDPN disrupts performance of tasks requiring spatial learning and memory and indicate that these deficits can be in part caused by an acquisition deficit. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Llorens, J AU - Crofton, K M AU - Peele, D B AD - Neurotoxicology Division, Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 583 EP - 591 VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Nitriles KW - 0 KW - 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - 3XP1CVU865 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Memory -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Avoidance Learning -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Maze Learning -- drug effects KW - Spatial Behavior -- drug effects KW - Nitriles -- administration & dosage KW - Nitriles -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77743443?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Effects+of+3%2C3%27-iminodipropionitrile+on+acquisition+and+performance+of+spatial+tasks+in+rats.&rft.au=Llorens%2C+J%3BCrofton%2C+K+M%3BPeele%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=Llorens&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=583&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-22 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pollution balance: a new methodology for minimizing waste production in manufacturing processes. AN - 77119720; 15736345 AB - A new methodolgy based on a generic pollution balance equation, has been developed for minimizing waste production in manufacturing processes. A "pollution index," defined as the mass of waste produced per unit mass of a product, has been introduced to provide a quantitative measure of waste generation in a process. A waste reduction algorithm also has been developed from the pollution balance equation. This paper explains this methodology and demonstrates the applicability of the method by a case study. JF - Air & waste : journal of the Air & Waste Management Association AU - Hilaly, A K AU - Sikdar, S K AD - Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 1303 EP - 1308 VL - 44 IS - 11 SN - 1073-161X, 1073-161X KW - Index Medicus KW - Forecasting KW - Manufactured Materials KW - Conservation of Natural Resources KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Refuse Disposal -- methods KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Theoretical UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77119720?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.atitle=Pollution+balance%3A+a+new+methodology+for+minimizing+waste+production+in+manufacturing+processes.&rft.au=Hilaly%2C+A+K%3BSikdar%2C+S+K&rft.aulast=Hilaly&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Air+%26+waste+%3A+journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association&rft.issn=1073161X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-03-15 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ten and ninety-day toxicity studies of 1,2-dichloroethane in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 76939955; 7821233 AB - Male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received 1,2-dichloroethane in corn oil by gavage for 10 or 90 consecutive days. The doses for the 10-day study were 10, 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg; the 90-day study doses were 37.5, 75, and 150 mg/kg. There were ten animals per sex per dose group. In the 10-day study, all female animals died in the high dose group and only 2 of 10 males survived. Final body weights and weight gain along with hematology and clinical chemistry findings were not different from controls. The only relative organ weight which was significantly different was the liver in males exposed to 100 mg/kg. The main histopathological lesion exhibited was multifocal to diffuse inflammation of the mucosal and submucosal layers of the forestomach in the 100 mg/kg dose group. This change was minimal in both males and females. In the 90-day study there were no treatment-related effects pertaining to clinical observations. Body weight gain and total food consumption were significantly decreased in high dose males. There were slight but significant differences in hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, platelets, albumin, and alkaline phosphatase values in the 75 and/or 150 mg/kg groups in one or both sexes. In males, relative brain, kidney, and liver weights were significantly increased at 75 and 150 mg/kg. There were also differences in spleen, adrenal, and testes weights (absolute and/or relative). In females, absolute and/or relative kidney and liver weights were significantly increased at 150 mg/kg (liver) and at 75 and 150 mg/kg (kidney). There were no apparent treatment-related effects pertaining to mortality, ophthalmology, gross pathology, or histopathology. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Olson, G R AU - York, R G AU - Condie, L W AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 463 EP - 477 VL - 17 IS - 4 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Ethylene Dichlorides KW - 0 KW - ethylene dichloride KW - 55163IJI47 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Analysis of Variance KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Risk Assessment KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Ethylene Dichlorides -- toxicity KW - Ethylene Dichlorides -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76939955?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Ten+and+ninety-day+toxicity+studies+of+1%2C2-dichloroethane+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BYork%2C+R+G%3BCondie%2C+L+W&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=463&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity of bromodichloromethane in female rats and mice after repeated oral dosing. AN - 76901848; 7801327 AB - The carcinogenic water disinfection byproduct, bromodichloromethane (BDCM), produces renal and hepatic toxicity in rodents in acute and subchronic studies. In the present investigation, female rats and mice (n = 6) were dosed daily for 5 consecutive days with BDCM (dissolved in an aqueous, 10% Emulphor solution) by gavage. Rats received 75, 150 and 300 mg BDCM/kg body weight/day and mice received 75 and 150 mg BDCM/kg body weight/day. Two rats in the 300 mg/kg/day treatment group died on day 5. On day 6, the animals were sacrificed and serum samples were taken for analysis of indicators of hepatic and renal toxicity. Livers and kidneys were excised and samples taken for histopathological evaluation. Portions of the livers were also utilized to produce microsomes for analysis of cytochrome P450 enzyme activities and total P450 content. Total hepatic cytochrome P450 was decreased in rats dosed with 150 and 300 mg BDCM/kg body weight/day, but was not significantly affected in BDCM-treated mice. Serum lactate (LDH) and sorbitol (SDH) dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were increased above those of controls in rats dosed with 300 mg BDCM/kg/day. These data suggested that hepatic and renal damage had occurred in this treatment group. This was confirmed by histopathological analyses which revealed that lesions occurred in both hepatic and renal tissues from rats dosed with 150 and 300 mg BDCM/kg/day. The hepatic lesions were centrilobular and primarily consisted of vacuolar degeneration. The hepatotoxicity indicators alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and SDH were increased in mice dosed with 150 mg BDCM/kg/day. However, no histopathological lesions were observed in these animals. This study shows that BDCM is both hepatotoxic and nephrotoxic to female rats after repeated dosing, but is only weakly hepatotoxic to female mice at the administered doses. Also, reduced activities of hepatic cytochrome P450 were observed in rats, but not mice. These species differences in toxicity and xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme inhibition caused by BDCM suggest that an understanding of the mechanism of toxicity of this compound will be critical when extrapolating rodent toxicity data to humans for this environmental pollutant. JF - Toxicology AU - Thornton-Manning, J R AU - Seely, J C AU - Pegram, R A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Toxicology Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 3 EP - 18 VL - 94 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated KW - 0 KW - Trihalomethanes KW - bromodichloromethane KW - 7LN464CH2O KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Oxidoreductases -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- toxicity KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Hydrocarbons, Halogenated -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76901848?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+bromodichloromethane+in+female+rats+and+mice+after+repeated+oral+dosing.&rft.au=Thornton-Manning%2C+J+R%3BSeely%2C+J+C%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Thornton-Manning&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=94&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-26 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental effects of an environmental antiandrogen: the fungicide vinclozolin alters sex differentiation of the male rat. AN - 76854900; 7974495 AB - In humans and rodents, exposure to hormonally active chemicals during sex differentiation can produce a wide range of abnormal sexual phenotypes including masculinized and defeminized females and feminized and demasculinized males. Although numerous "environmental estrogens," including pesticides, toxic substances (PCBs), and plant and fungal estrogens, have been shown to alter mammalian sex differentiation, similar information on environmental androgens is lacking. Recently, the fungicide vinclozolin (V) was found to inhibit sexual differentiation in male rats in an antiandrogenic manner. In the present study, V was administered to pregnant rats (p.o.) at 0, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day in corn oil during the period of sex differentiation (Gestational Day 14 to Postnatal Day 3) to examine the demasculinizing effect of this fungicide more closely. In both groups of V-treated male offspring, anogenital distance was female like at birth, and nipple development was prominent at 2 weeks of age. After puberty, most of the V-treated male offspring were unable to attain intromission even though they all mounted sexually receptive females. The V-treated male offspring that appeared to achieve intromission, failed to ejaculate normally, as no sperm were found in the uterus after overnight matings. A factor in the abnormal ejaculation was that all V-treated male offspring had cleft phallus with hypospadias. In addition, a number of unusual reproductive malformations were noted when the males were necropsied at 1 year. Many V-treated male offspring had suprainguinal ectopic scrota/testes, a vaginal pouch, epididymal granulomas, and small to absent sex accessory glands. During the study, about 25% of the V-treated males died as a result of bladder stones, hydroureter, or hydronephrosis, while other males displayed these lesions at necropsy. While some of the above malformations in male offspring can also be produced by perinatal administration of a potent estrogen, like DES, V-treated female offspring did not display any estrogen-like alterations of reproductive development or fecundity. The only change seen in the female offspring was a reduced anogenital distance during neonatal life. Our observation of perinatal-induced agenesis of the prostate and blocked testicular descent, a pattern of malformations nearly identical to that reported for the antiandrogen flutamide, is consistent with other recent evidence that this fungicide is an androgen-receptor antagonist. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gray, L E AU - Ostby, J S AU - Kelce, W R AD - Developmental Reproductive Toxicology Section, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 46 EP - 52 VL - 129 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Androgen Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - Oxazoles KW - vinclozolin KW - JJ258EZN1I KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Ejaculation -- drug effects KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Computer Simulation KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Random Allocation KW - Genitalia -- abnormalities KW - Pregnancy KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects KW - Sexual Maturation -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Phenotype KW - Endocrine Glands -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Female KW - Male KW - Sex Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Androgen Antagonists -- toxicity KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity KW - Oxazoles -- toxicity KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Oxazoles -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76854900?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Developmental+effects+of+an+environmental+antiandrogen%3A+the+fungicide+vinclozolin+alters+sex+differentiation+of+the+male+rat.&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E%3BOstby%2C+J+S%3BKelce%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=46&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-15 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute effects of summer air pollution on respiratory symptom reporting in children. AN - 76795731; 7952546 AB - A daily diary of respiratory symptoms was collected from the parents of 1,844 school children in six U.S. cities to study the association between ambient air pollution exposures and respiratory illness. A cohort of approximately 300 elementary school children in each of six communities were asked to keep a daily log of the study child's respiratory symptoms for one year. Daily measurements of ambient sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, inhalable particles (PM10), respirable particles (PM2.5), light scattering, and sulfate particles were made, along with integrated 24-h measures of aerosol strong acidity. The analyses were limited to the five warm season months between April and August. Significant associations were found between incidence of coughing symptoms and incidence of lower respiratory symptoms and PM10, and a marginally significant association between upper respiratory symptoms and PM10. There was no evidence that other measures of particulate pollution including aerosol acidity were preferable to PM10 in predicting incidence of respiratory symptoms. Significant associations in single pollutant models were also found between sulfur dioxide or ozone and incidence of cough, and between sulfur dioxide and incidence of lower respiratory symptoms.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine AU - Schwartz, J AU - Dockery, D W AU - Neas, L M AU - Wypij, D AU - Ware, J H AU - Spengler, J D AU - Koutrakis, P AU - Speizer, F E AU - Ferris, B G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 1234 EP - 1242 VL - 150 IS - 5 Pt 1 SN - 1073-449X, 1073-449X KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Sulfur Dioxide KW - 0UZA3422Q4 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Nitrogen Dioxide KW - S7G510RUBH KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Acute Disease KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- analysis KW - Nitrogen Dioxide -- adverse effects KW - Odds Ratio KW - Ozone -- analysis KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Hydrogen-Ion Concentration KW - Temperature KW - Sulfur Dioxide -- adverse effects KW - Child KW - Cough -- etiology KW - Ozone -- adverse effects KW - Cohort Studies KW - Seasons KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- etiology KW - Air Pollutants -- analysis KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76795731?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.atitle=Acute+effects+of+summer+air+pollution+on+respiratory+symptom+reporting+in+children.&rft.au=Schwartz%2C+J%3BDockery%2C+D+W%3BNeas%2C+L+M%3BWypij%2C+D%3BWare%2C+J+H%3BSpengler%2C+J+D%3BKoutrakis%2C+P%3BSpeizer%2C+F+E%3BFerris%2C+B+G&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=150&rft.issue=5+Pt+1&rft.spage=1234&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=American+journal+of+respiratory+and+critical+care+medicine&rft.issn=1073449X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-13 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Seismic response of the OII Landfill (a Super Fund site) to the Northridge earthquake AN - 52855330; 1996-033999 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Hushman, Behnam AU - Mundy, Peter AU - Lewis, Richard D AU - Herzig, Roy AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 167 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - California KW - Los Angeles County California KW - strong motion KW - Superfund KW - landfills KW - ground motion KW - stability KW - Northridge earthquake 1994 KW - seismic response KW - earthquakes KW - 19:Seismology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52855330?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Seismic+response+of+the+OII+Landfill+%28a+Super+Fund+site%29+to+the+Northridge+earthquake&rft.au=Hushman%2C+Behnam%3BMundy%2C+Peter%3BLewis%2C+Richard+D%3BHerzig%2C+Roy%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Hushman&rft.aufirst=Behnam&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - California; earthquakes; ground motion; landfills; Los Angeles County California; Northridge earthquake 1994; seismic response; stability; strong motion; Superfund; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Intrinsic bioremediation of trichloroethene at the St. Joseph, Michigan NPL site AN - 52808326; 1996-066963 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Weaver, J W AU - Cook, M L AU - Wilson, J T AU - Kampbell, D H AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 254 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - North America KW - Berrien County Michigan KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Saint Joseph Michigan KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - Lake Michigan KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - trichloroethylene KW - Michigan KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52808326?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Intrinsic+bioremediation+of+trichloroethene+at+the+St.+Joseph%2C+Michigan+NPL+site&rft.au=Weaver%2C+J+W%3BCook%2C+M+L%3BWilson%2C+J+T%3BKampbell%2C+D+H%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Weaver&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=254&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Berrien County Michigan; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; Great Lakes; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Lake Michigan; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; North America; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Saint Joseph Michigan; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The study of a three-dimensional transport problem with density-dependent flow and nonisothermal conditions AN - 52792053; 1996-078797 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Cheng, Jing-Ru AU - Yeh, Gour-Tsyh AU - Short, Thomas E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 210 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - density KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - methanol KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - transport KW - alcohols KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52792053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=The+study+of+a+three-dimensional+transport+problem+with+density-dependent+flow+and+nonisothermal+conditions&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Jing-Ru%3BYeh%2C+Gour-Tsyh%3BShort%2C+Thomas+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Jing-Ru&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=210&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; aquifers; density; ground water; methanol; models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; soils; three-dimensional models; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Preservation of heavy-metal inputs from acidic mine releases in bottom sediments from Pueblo Reservoir, Colorado AN - 52791619; 1997-002901 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Callender, Edward C AU - Kimball, B A AU - Ficklin, W H AU - Sigleo, A C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 237 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - concentration KW - reservoirs KW - acid mine drainage KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Pueblo County Colorado KW - precipitation KW - sediments KW - Colorado KW - Pueblo Reservoir KW - preservation KW - heavy metals KW - Arkansas River KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52791619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Preservation+of+heavy-metal+inputs+from+acidic+mine+releases+in+bottom+sediments+from+Pueblo+Reservoir%2C+Colorado&rft.au=Callender%2C+Edward+C%3BKimball%2C+B+A%3BFicklin%2C+W+H%3BSigleo%2C+A+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Callender&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Arkansas River; Colorado; concentration; heavy metals; pollutants; pollution; precipitation; preservation; Pueblo County Colorado; Pueblo Reservoir; reservoirs; sediments; solute transport; surface water; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating soil water response to climate change using spatially distributed soil properties AN - 52788753; 1996-078777 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Kern, Jeff AU - Marks, Danny AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 207 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - soils KW - models KW - moisture KW - water regimes KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - climate KW - ground water KW - changes KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52788753?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Estimating+soil+water+response+to+climate+change+using+spatially+distributed+soil+properties&rft.au=Kern%2C+Jeff%3BMarks%2C+Danny%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kern&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - changes; climate; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; models; moisture; soils; water regimes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A composite modeling approach for subsurface transport of degrading contaminants from land-disposal sites AN - 50168370; 1995-026561 AB - A composite modeling approach is presented for simulating the three-dimensional (3-D) subsurface transport of dissolved contaminants with transformation products. The approach is based on vertical infiltration and contaminant transport in the unsaturated zone and 3-D groundwater flow and contaminant migration in the saturated zone. Moisture movement and groundwater flow are considered to be steady, but contaminant transport is treated as transient. The model allows for advection, dispersion, linear or nonlinear equilibrium sorption, and first-order biochemical transformation of either a single contaminant species, or a multi-species, straight or branched, decay chain. The model is designed for regulatory decision making using Monte Carlo analysis. For such applications considerable emphasis is placed on computational efficiency and robustness of the model. An efficient and robust semi-analytical method is used to perform the steady-state solution for infiltration through the unsaturated zone. A variety of transport solutions, corresponding to transient or steady state, and linear or nonlinear sorption conditions, are incorporated in the model. For transient linear transport, the Laplace transform technique is used. The transformed unsaturated-zone transport equation is solved analytically; the transformed saturated-zone transport equation is solved numerically using the Laplace transform-Galerkin (LTG) technique which permits a nonuniform groundwater flow field, reflecting the influence of locally higher infiltration from the waste source. The model contains fully 3-D solutions for flow and transport in the saturated zone, as well as two-dimensional solutions for vertical cross-sectional and areal scenarios. Model formulations and solution schemes are verified by comparison against a fully 3-D, variably saturated flow and transport code for a hypothetical problem which represents a typical landfill. The model is applied also to simulate a controlled release field experiment and the model predictions compare well with groundwater monitoring data for the site. JF - Journal of Contaminant Hydrology AU - Kool, J B AU - Huyakorn, P S AU - Sudicky, E A AU - Saleem, Z A Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 69 EP - 90 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 17 IS - 1 SN - 0169-7722, 0169-7722 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - Dodge City Kansas KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - Kansas KW - transport KW - Ford County Kansas KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50168370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.atitle=A+composite+modeling+approach+for+subsurface+transport+of+degrading+contaminants+from+land-disposal+sites&rft.au=Kool%2C+J+B%3BHuyakorn%2C+P+S%3BSudicky%2C+E+A%3BSaleem%2C+Z+A&rft.aulast=Kool&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=69&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Contaminant+Hydrology&rft.issn=01697722&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01697722 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; degradation; Dodge City Kansas; field studies; Ford County Kansas; ground water; Kansas; landfills; pollutants; pollution; three-dimensional models; transport; United States; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mount Rainier; new remote sensing observations of a decade volcano AN - 50141817; 1995-042885 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Realmuto, V J AU - Zebker, H A AU - Frank, D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 716 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 75 IS - 44, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - hot spots KW - Pierce County Washington KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - digital terrain models KW - metasomatism KW - infrared spectra KW - topography KW - thermal anomalies KW - ice KW - snow KW - Mount Rainier KW - surface features KW - hydrothermal alteration KW - spectra KW - hydrology KW - Washington KW - monitoring KW - radar methods KW - interferometry KW - Cascade Range KW - volcanoes KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 24:Quaternary geology KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50141817?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Mount+Rainier%3B+new+remote+sensing+observations+of+a+decade+volcano&rft.au=Realmuto%2C+V+J%3BZebker%2C+H+A%3BFrank%2C+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Realmuto&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=75&rft.issue=44%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=716&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union, 1994 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; atmospheric precipitation; Cascade Range; digital terrain models; hot spots; hydrology; hydrothermal alteration; ice; infrared spectra; interferometry; metasomatism; monitoring; Mount Rainier; Pierce County Washington; radar methods; remote sensing; snow; spectra; surface features; thermal anomalies; topography; United States; volcanoes; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Off-line complexation/supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography with atomic emission detection for the determination and speciation of organotin compounds in soils and sediments AN - 50112056; 1995-059396 JF - Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC) AU - Liu, Yan AU - Lopez-Avila, Viorica AU - Alcaraz, Marcela AU - Beckert, Werner F Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - November 1994 SP - 3788 EP - 3796 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 66 IS - 21 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - soils KW - methods KW - chemical analysis KW - compounds KW - biocides KW - pollutants KW - organotin KW - complexing KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - fungicides KW - supercritical fluid extraction methods KW - trinutylin KW - gas chromatography KW - sample preparation KW - solvents KW - sediments KW - triphenyltin KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50112056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.atitle=Off-line+complexation%2Fsupercritical+fluid+extraction+and+gas+chromatography+with+atomic+emission+detection+for+the+determination+and+speciation+of+organotin+compounds+in+soils+and+sediments&rft.au=Liu%2C+Yan%3BLopez-Avila%2C+Viorica%3BAlcaraz%2C+Marcela%3BBeckert%2C+Werner+F&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Yan&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=66&rft.issue=21&rft.spage=3788&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry+%28Washington%2C+DC%29&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; biocides; chemical analysis; complexing; compounds; fungicides; gas chromatography; methods; organotin; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; sample preparation; sediments; soils; solvents; supercritical fluid extraction methods; trinutylin; triphenyltin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The mechanism of dioxin toxicity: relationship to risk assessment. AN - 21251399; 11703586 AB - Risk characterization involves hazard identification, determination of dose-response relationships, and exposure assessment. Improvement of the risk assessment process requires inclusion of the best available science. Recent findings in the area of dioxin toxicity have led to a major effort to reassess its risk. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), commonly referred to as "dioxin," is the most toxic member of a class of related chemicals including the polyhalogenated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, biphenyls, naphthalenes, azo- and azoxy-benzenes, whose toxicities can be expressed as fractional equivalencies of TCDD. These chemicals exert their effects through interaction with a specific intracellular protein, the Ah receptor. While binding to the receptor is necessary, it is not sufficient to bring about a chain of events leading to various responses including enzyme induction, immunotoxicity, reproductive and endocrine effects, developmental toxicity, chloracne, tumor promotion, etc. Some of these responses appear to be linear at low doses. Immunotoxicity and effects on the reproductive system appear to be among the most sensitive responses. The Ah receptor functions as a transcriptional enhancer, interacting with a number of other regulatory proteins (heat shock proteins, kinases, translocases, DNA binding species). Interaction with specific base sequences in the DNA appear to be modulated by the presence of other growth factors, hormones and their receptors as well as other regulatory proteins. Thus, dioxin appears to function as a hormone, initiating a cascade of events that is dependent upon the environment of each cell and tissue. While Ah receptor variants exist, all vertebrates examined have demonstrated such a protein with similar numbers of receptors and binding affinity for TCDD. Most species respond similarly to dioxin and related compounds. While a given species may be an outlier for a given response, it will behave like other animals for other responses. For both in vivo and in vitro end points where animal and human data exist, such as enzyme induction, chloracne, immunotoxicity, developmental toxicity, and cancer, the sensitivity of humans appears similar to that of experimental animals. Current levels of environmental exposure to this class of chemicals may be resulting in subtle responses in populations at special risk such as subsistence fisherman and the developing infant, as well as in the general population. Increased understanding of the mechanism of dioxin's effects as well as elucidation of exposure-dose relationships is leading to the development of a biologically based dose-response model in the ongoing process of incorporating the best science into the risk assessment of TCDD and related compounds. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/11// PY - 1994 DA - Nov 1994 SP - 157 EP - 167 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 Pittsburgh PA 15250-7954 USA VL - 102 IS - Suppl 9 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Risk Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Environment Abstracts KW - Chemicals KW - Risk assessment KW - translocase KW - Heat shock proteins KW - Nucleotide sequence KW - tumors KW - Hormones KW - Dioxins KW - Reproductive system KW - regulatory proteins KW - Dose-response effects KW - Growth factors KW - immunotoxicity KW - growth factors KW - Sensitivity KW - Chloracne KW - Data processing KW - Tumorigenesis KW - Transcription KW - TCDD KW - Enzymes KW - Toxicity KW - Cancer KW - Biphenyl KW - Enhancers KW - Immunotoxicity KW - Dibenzofuran KW - Dibenzo-p-dioxin KW - DNA KW - Proteins KW - Aryl hydrocarbon receptors KW - Dioxin KW - Infants KW - R2 23060:Medical and environmental health KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH KW - ENA 02:Toxicology & Environmental Safety UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21251399?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ariskabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+mechanism+of+dioxin+toxicity%3A+relationship+to+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Birnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Birnbaum&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-11-01&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=Suppl+9&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-31 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; translocase; Heat shock proteins; Nucleotide sequence; Hormones; Reproductive system; regulatory proteins; Dose-response effects; Growth factors; Chloracne; Data processing; Tumorigenesis; Enzymes; TCDD; Transcription; Cancer; Biphenyl; Enhancers; Immunotoxicity; Dibenzofuran; DNA; Dibenzo-p-dioxin; Aryl hydrocarbon receptors; Dioxin; Infants; Chemicals; Sensitivity; tumors; Toxicity; Dioxins; Proteins; immunotoxicity; growth factors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Differential effects of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners on phosphoinositide hydrolysis and protein kinase C translocation in rat cerebellar granule cells. AN - 77750823; 7859093 AB - Previous reports from our laboratory have suggested that the neuroactivity of some polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners is associated with perturbations in cellular Ca(2+)-homeostasis. We have characterized further the neurochemical effects of PCBs on signal transduction in primary cultures of cerebellar granule cells. The present experiments found that neither 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCBP), an ortho-substituted congener, nor 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCBP), a non-ortho-substituted congener, affected basal phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis in cerebellar granule cells. However, at concentrations up to 50 microM, DCBP potentiated carbachol-stimulated PI hydrolysis, while decreasing it at 100 microM. PCBP, on the other hand, had no effect on carbachol-stimulated PI hydrolysis in concentrations up to 100 microM. [3H]Phorbol ester ([3H]PDBu) binding was used to determine protein kinase C (PKC) translocation. DCBP increased [3H]PDBu binding in a concentration-dependent manner and a twofold increase was observed at 100 microM in cerebellar granule cells. PCBP had no effect on [3H]PDBu binding at concentrations up to 100 microM. The effect of DCBP on [3H]PDBu binding was time-dependent and was also dependent on the presence of external Ca2+ in the medium. To test the hypothesis that DCBP increases [3H]PDBu binding by acting on receptor-activated calcium channels, the effects of DCBP were compared to those of L-glutamate. The effects of DCBP (50 microM) and glutamate (20 microM) were additive.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Brain research AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Shafer, T J AU - Ward, T R AU - Mundy, W R AU - Freudenrich, T AU - Harry, G J AU - Tilson, H A AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/10/31/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Oct 31 SP - 75 EP - 82 VL - 662 IS - 1-2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Phorbol Esters KW - Phosphatidylinositols KW - 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl KW - 1433W7U14D KW - Glutamic Acid KW - 3KX376GY7L KW - Carbachol KW - 8Y164V895Y KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - 3,4,5,3',4'-pentachlorobiphenyl KW - TSH69IA9XF KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Phorbol Esters -- metabolism KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Signal Transduction -- drug effects KW - Hydrolysis KW - Glutamic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Carbachol -- metabolism KW - Protein Kinase C -- metabolism KW - Phosphatidylinositols -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacology KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- enzymology KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77750823?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+research&rft.atitle=Differential+effects+of+polychlorinated+biphenyl+congeners+on+phosphoinositide+hydrolysis+and+protein+kinase+C+translocation+in+rat+cerebellar+granule+cells.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BShafer%2C+T+J%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BFreudenrich%2C+T%3BHarry%2C+G+J%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1994-10-31&rft.volume=662&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-22 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental monitoring for genotoxicity with plant systems. An introduction and study design. AN - 76772922; 7523889 AB - Under the sponsorship of the International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS), 17 laboratories from diverse regions of the world participated in evaluating the utility of four plant bioassays for detecting genetic hazards of environmental chemicals. The bioassays included in this collaborative study were: Arabidopsis thaliana embryo and chlorophyll assay and Tradescantia stamen hair assay, Tradescantia paludosa micronucleus assay and Vicia faba root tip assay. Four to six laboratories participated in the performance of each of the bioassays. All laboratories participating in a particular bioassay were supplied with uniform plant material as well as standardized protocol. Five direct acting water soluble test chemicals, i.e. maleic hydrazide, methyl nitrosourea, ethyl methanesulfonate, sodium azide and azidoglycerol, were selected for this study. The study was designed to be completed in three phases. Ethyl methanesulfonate was used as a positive control and has already been reported earlier (Sandhu et al., 1991). The data from the remaining four chemicals used for the evaluation of four plant test systems in the first phase of the collaborative study are reported in this issue. JF - Mutation research AU - Sandhu, S S AU - de Serres, F J AU - Gopalan, H N AU - Grant, W F AU - Velemínský, J AU - Becking, G C AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/10/16/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Oct 16 SP - 169 EP - 173 VL - 310 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Mutagens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Biological Assay -- methods KW - Arabidopsis -- genetics KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - International Cooperation KW - Plants, Medicinal KW - Fabaceae -- genetics KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Research Design KW - Mutagens -- analysis KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Plants -- genetics KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76772922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Environmental+monitoring+for+genotoxicity+with+plant+systems.+An+introduction+and+study+design.&rft.au=Sandhu%2C+S+S%3Bde+Serres%2C+F+J%3BGopalan%2C+H+N%3BGrant%2C+W+F%3BVelem%C3%ADnsk%C3%BD%2C+J%3BBecking%2C+G+C&rft.aulast=Sandhu&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-10-16&rft.volume=310&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-02 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solvent-induced ototoxicity in rats: an atypical selective mid-frequency hearing deficit. AN - 85157686; pmid-7852200 AB - Most previous reports of ototoxicity following exposure to several volatile organic solvents have restricted testing to the low- and mid-frequencies (2-20 kHz) of the hearing range in the rat (0.25-80 kHz). We report here that inhalation exposure to styrene, mixed xylene, toluene, and 1,1,2-trichloroethylene resulted in hearing dysfunction only in the mid-frequency range and spared function at lower and higher frequencies. Adult male Long Evans rats were exposed via inhalation (whole body) in flow-through chambers. The following exposures were used: styrene, 1600 ppm; 1,1,2-trichloroethylene, 3500 ppm; toluene, 2500 ppm; mixed xylenes, 1800 ppm (N = 7-8 per group, 8 h/day for 5 days), and n-butanol, 4000 ppm (N = 10/group, 6 h/day for 5 days). Testing of auditory function was conducted 5 to 8 weeks after exposure using reflex modification audiometry (RMA). RMA thresholds were determined for frequencies from 0.5 to 40 kHz. Results indicated increased RMA thresholds for the mid-frequency tones (e.g., 8 and 16 kHz), but not higher or lower tones, for all solvents except n-butanol. Toluene and xylene also increased thresholds at 24 kHz. These data indicate that for those solvents reported thus far to cause hearing loss, the deficit is restricted to mid-frequencies in rats. JF - Hearing Research AU - Crofton, K M AU - Lassiter, T L AU - Rebert, C S AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 25 EP - 30 VL - 80 IS - 1 SN - 0378-5955, 0378-5955 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85157686?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hearing+Research&rft.atitle=Solvent-induced+ototoxicity+in+rats%3A+an+atypical+selective+mid-frequency+hearing+deficit.&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BLassiter%2C+T+L%3BRebert%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Hearing+Research&rft.issn=03785955&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental neurotoxicity: evaluation of testing procedures with methylazoxymethanol and methylmercury. AN - 77724931; 7835545 AB - Testing procedures for identification of potential developmental neurotoxicants were evaluated using two prototypical developmental neurotoxicants, methylazoxymethanol (MAM) and methylmercury (MeHg). Evaluation of offspring of Long-Evans rats incorporated assessments of developmental toxicity, neurochemistry, histology, and behavior, with most testing being completed near weaning. A number of endpoints in the testing strategy were sensitive to the effects of prenatal exposure to MAM [30 mg/kg on Gestation Day (GD) 15]: (1) MAM caused reduced neonatal body weights but did not effect viability or postnatal survivorship; (2) measurement of total and regional brain weight and histological analysis showed that a number of regions, the cortex and hippocampus in particular, were affected by MAM exposure; (3) an assay for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) showed that the concentration of this protein was significantly increased in the cortex and hippocampus of treated offspring; (4) a T-maze delayed-alternation procedure indicated that MAM-treated pups were slower in the acquisition phase of the task relative to control pups; (5) motor activity testing revealed hyperactivity in treated offspring that persisted into adulthood; and (6) acoustic startle procedures revealed reduced startle amplitudes in preweanlings. Few endpoints were significantly affected by prenatal MeHg exposure (1, 2, or 4 mg/kg on GD 6-15). High fetal and neonatal mortality and lower neonatal body weights were detected at the highest dose of MeHg. Although minimal effects of MeHg may reflect a relative insensitivity of the test species and/or the test methods, the combined results from both chemicals suggest that some procedures not currently required in the developmental neurotoxicity guideline may be useful in hazard identification, and further evaluation with other chemicals, species, strains, and/or exposure paradigms may be warranted. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Goldey, E S AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Stanton, M E AU - Barone, S AU - Crofton, K M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 447 EP - 464 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Alkylating Agents KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate KW - 592-62-1 KW - methylazoxymethanol KW - JGG19N3YDQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Hearing -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Reflex, Startle -- drug effects KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- toxicity KW - Fetus -- drug effects KW - Brain -- pathology KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Methylazoxymethanol Acetate -- analogs & derivatives KW - Alkylating Agents -- toxicity KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77724931?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Developmental+neurotoxicity%3A+evaluation+of+testing+procedures+with+methylazoxymethanol+and+methylmercury.&rft.au=Goldey%2C+E+S%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P%3BStanton%2C+M+E%3BBarone%2C+S%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Goldey&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=447&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1995 Feb;24(2):290 [7737440] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of 5-azacytidine administration during very early pregnancy. AN - 77694639; 7530667 AB - The chemotherapeutic agent 5-azacytidine (5AZ) is cytotoxic via nucleic acid hypomethylation. Malformations and embryolethality result when rats or mice are exposed to 5AZ on any of Days 9 through 12 of pregnancy. To investigate the effect of 5AZ exposure during the pre- and early postimplantation period, we administered 0.15, 0.30, 0.60, or 1.2 mg/kg 5AZ/day to rats during Days 1-8 of pregnancy and evaluated outcome on Days 9 or 20. No adverse effects were detected on Day 9; the numbers and weights of implantation sites, the numbers of resorptions, maternal body weight gains, and hormone measures were not different from those of controls. However, when pregnancy outcome was evaluated on Day 20, dose-dependent decreases in offspring survival and fetal weight were observed and the incidences of two malformations, microphthalmia and exencephaly, were increased. In a follow-up study, 5AZ was administered during the preimplantation period (Days 1-3) or during the postimplantation period (Days 4-8) and pregnancy outcome was evaluated on Day 20. When rats were exposed to 5AZ during the preimplantation period, no adverse effects were seen. Postimplantation dosing produced an increase in resorptions and a decrease in fetal survival and fetal weight, with no gross external malformations evident. At the doses used in this study, 5AZ was embryotoxic, with limited embryonic vulnerability prior to Day 4 of pregnancy but serious consequences following postimplantation exposure. This embryotoxicity is not detectable by our measures on Day 9 but is evident on Day 20. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Cummings, A M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Branch, Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 429 EP - 433 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Azacitidine KW - M801H13NRU KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Gestational Age KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced KW - Azacitidine -- toxicity KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77694639?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+5-azacytidine+administration+during+very+early+pregnancy.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-01 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Human exposure to urban air pollution. AN - 76942284; 7821294 AB - This study deals with some methods of making human exposure estimates, aimed at describing the human exposure for selected air pollutants in Sweden that are suspected carcinogens. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) have been chosen as an indicator substance for estimating the concentration of the urban plume. Earlier investigations have shown that the traffic in Swedish cities contributes around 85% to the measured NOx concentrations, and that most of the mutagenicity in urban air originates from traffic. The first section of this paper describes measurements in Stockholm of some unregulated light hydrocarbons, such as ethene, ethyne, propane, propene, butane, and isobutane. In addition, measurements of some volatile aromatic hydrocarbons are presented. Simultaneous measurements of carbon monoxide (CO) were made. The ratios between CO and the individual specific compounds were determined by linear regression analysis. By analysis of relationships between CO and NOx, NOx concentrations can be used as a tracer to describe the exposure for these specific compounds. NOx are considered to be a better tracer than CO, because NOx or NO2 values exist for many places over a long time, while CO is measured mostly in streets with high concentrations. At low concentrations, instruments that measure normal CO levels give no detectable signals. Through use of atmospheric dispersion models and models that describe how people live and work in urban areas it has been possible to describe the average exposure to NOx in cities of different sizes. The exposure to NOx for people living in the countryside has also been estimated. In this way, it has been possible to calculate the average exposure dose for NOx for the Swedish population. This figure is 23 micrograms/m3. By use of the relationships between NOx and specific compounds the average dose has been calculated for the following compounds: polyaromatic compounds (PAH); ethene, propene, and butadiene; benzene, toluene, and xylene; formaldehyde and actaldehyde; nickel, chromium (VI), arsenic, and cadmium; asbestos; and silicon. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Boström, C E AU - Almén, J AU - Steen, B AU - Westerholm, R AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Research Department, Solna. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 39 EP - 47 VL - 102 Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Nitrogen Oxides KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- analysis KW - Humans KW - Sweden KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Urban Health KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- analysis KW - Nitrogen Oxides -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76942284?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Human+exposure+to+urban+air+pollution.&rft.au=Bostr%C3%B6m%2C+C+E%3BAlm%C3%A9n%2C+J%3BSteen%2C+B%3BWesterholm%2C+R&rft.aulast=Bostr%C3%B6m&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of mutation spectra by complex mixtures: approaches, problems, and possibilities. AN - 76941816; 7821286 AB - More complex environmental mixtures have been evaluated for mutagenic activity at the hisD3052 allele of Salmonella, primarily in strain TA98, than in any other target or mutation assay. Using colony probe hybridization to detect a common hot spot deletion, followed by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing, we have generated 10 mutation spectra from three classes of mixtures (i.e., urban air, cigarette smoke condensate, and municipal waste incinerator emissions). The mutation spectra are distinctly different among the three classes of mixtures; however, the spectra for samples within the same class of mixture are similar. In addition to the hot spot mutation, the mixtures induce complex mutations, which consist of a small deletion and a base substitution. These mutations suggest a mechanism involving misinsertion of a base opposite a DNA adduct followed by a slippage and mismatch. A role for DNA secondary structure also may be the basis for the mutational site specificity exhibited by the various mixtures. The results suggest that unique mutation spectra can be generated by different classes of complex mixtures and that such spectra are a consequence of the dominance of a particular chemical class or classes within the mixture. The problems associated with this type of research are discussed along with the potential value of mutation spectra as a tool for exposure and risk assessment. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - DeMarini, D M AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 127 EP - 130 VL - 102 Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Index Medicus KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76941816?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Induction+of+mutation+spectra+by+complex+mixtures%3A+approaches%2C+problems%2C+and+possibilities.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Oct;71(10):4159-63 [4610572] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101 Suppl 3:207-12 [8143618] Science. 1987 Jan 9;235(4785):217-20 [3798109] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 May;10(4):571-89 [3294073] Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1989;9(5):287-95 [2575290] Mutagenesis. 1990 Sep;5(5):481-9 [2263205] Mutat Res. 1991 Feb;252(1):35-44 [1996130] Science. 1991 Jul 5;253(5015):49-53 [1905840] Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Sep 25;19(18):5079 [1923779] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1991;18(4):222-3 [1748081] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1991;18(4):224-30 [1748083] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1992;19(1):14-20 [1732101] Mutat Res. 1992 Aug;277(2):91-138 [1378533] Environ Mol Mutagen. 1992;20(1):12-8 [1639078] Environ Health Perspect. 1992 Nov;98:227-34 [1486854] Carcinogenesis. 1994 Jan;15(1):79-88 [8293552] Mutat Res. 1983 Jan;114(1):59-89 [6219288] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Exposure and risk from ambient particle-bound pollution in an airshed dominated by residential wood combustion and mobile sources. AN - 76939887; 7529707 AB - A major field study was conducted in Boise, Idaho, during the heating season of 1986 to 1987 as part of the Integrated Air Cancer Project. Filter samples were systematically collected in residences and in the ambient air across the community to characterize the particle-bound pollutants. The extractable organic matter (EOM) from the filter samples was apportioned to its source of origin, either residential wood combustion (RWC) or mobile sources (MS). Two composite samples, with apportioned contributions from RWC and MS, were prepared from the Boise ambient samples and tested for tumor-initiation potency. A comparative potency lung cancer risk estimate has been made based on the two ambient composite samples from this airshed. In addition, a microenvironmental exposure model was developed from the Boise data and from national survey data to estimate the exposure to EOM from RWC and MS. In this paper, the microenvironmental model is extrapolated to provide an estimate of the average annual exposure and dose in Boise to EOM from RWC and MS. The annual model considers actual pollutant levels in Boise, historical changes in RWC usage and meteorological dilution factors and the likely activities in the various microenvironmental zones and their resultant inhalation rates. Combined with the lifetime risk estimates, the average annual dose suggests a risk of about 4 x 10(-4) based upon the composite ambient samples. Despite the fact that RWC accounts for 73% of the EOM on an annual average basis, it accounts for only about 20% of the estimated lifetime risk. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Cupitt, L T AU - Glen, W G AU - Lewtas, J AD - Methods Research and Development Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 75 EP - 84 VL - 102 Suppl 4 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Idaho KW - Heating -- methods KW - Humans KW - Wood KW - Risk Assessment KW - Models, Theoretical KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Environmental Exposure -- analysis KW - Vehicle Emissions -- analysis KW - Vehicle Emissions -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76939887?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Exposure+and+risk+from+ambient+particle-bound+pollution+in+an+airshed+dominated+by+residential+wood+combustion+and+mobile+sources.&rft.au=Cupitt%2C+L+T%3BGlen%2C+W+G%3BLewtas%2C+J&rft.aulast=Cupitt&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=102+Suppl+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Apr;100:211-8 [8354169] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 May;10(4):571-89 [3294073] J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 1991 Jan;1(1):31-44 [1824310] J Air Waste Manage Assoc. 1991 Oct;41(10):1298-307 [1777228] Toxicol Ind Health. 1989 Oct;5(5):839-50 [2683226] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of blood protein and target organ DNA and protein binding following topical application of benzo[a]pyrene and 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole to mice. AN - 76820167; 7955059 AB - 7H-Dibenzo[c,g]carbazole (DBC) induces skin and liver tumors in mice following topical application, whereas benzo[a]pyrene (BP) induces only skin tumors. DBC also binds to liver DNA to a much greater extent than does BP. The present study examined factors that might account for the difference in DNA binding activity. [3H]DBC was applied topically to CD-1 mice at doses of 15, 100 and 1000 nmol/mouse and tissues and blood samples were taken 24 h later. Absorption of DBC from skin into blood and binding to blood proteins occurred linearly with dose. DBC bound to albumin at a 50-fold higher level than to globin and levels of albumin adducts showed good correlation with levels of DNA adducts in liver. Hepatic preference over skin in DNA binding was found to be dose-dependent. For comparison of [3H]BP and [3H]DBC binding, doses of 1000 nmol/mouse were used and the mice were sacrificed at 12, 24 and 48 h. The rate of DBC uptake from skin was 70% higher than for BP over the first 24 h, which was reflected in 40-50% higher plasma levels of DBC radiolabel. Skin protein and DNA binding were 2- to 5-fold higher for BP than DBC. Conversely, total 3H radioactivity levels in liver were 2- to 3-fold higher and liver DNA and protein binding were 15- to 20-fold and 3- to 5-fold higher respectively for DBC. Blood protein adduct levels were similar for both chemicals, suggesting that DBC metabolites formed in the liver were too reactive to re-enter the systemic circulation. Only minor amounts of the radiolabel in the liver were present as the parent compounds by 12 h after dosing. These results indicate that more rapid absorption from skin and selective accumulation in the liver contribute to the greater liver DNA binding seen with DBC, but the types of liver metabolites appear to be the major factor accounting for the binding difference. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Meier, J R AU - Warshawsky, D AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268. Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 2233 EP - 2240 VL - 15 IS - 10 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Blood Proteins KW - Carbazoles KW - Carcinogens KW - Hemoglobins KW - Serum Albumin KW - Tissue Extracts KW - Tritium KW - 10028-17-8 KW - Benzo(a)pyrene KW - 3417WMA06D KW - ethyl acetate KW - 76845O8NMZ KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 7H-dibenzo(c,g)carbazole KW - SZF1OJI89D KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Serum Albumin -- metabolism KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Skin Absorption KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Protein Binding KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Hemoglobins -- metabolism KW - Tissue Extracts -- analysis KW - Administration, Topical KW - Female KW - Carbazoles -- pharmacokinetics KW - Skin -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- pharmacokinetics KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - Carbazoles -- metabolism KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Blood Proteins -- metabolism KW - Benzo(a)pyrene -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76820167?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+blood+protein+and+target+organ+DNA+and+protein+binding+following+topical+application+of+benzo%5Ba%5Dpyrene+and+7H-dibenzo%5Bc%2Cg%5Dcarbazole+to+mice.&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BWarshawsky%2C+D&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=2233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-25 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and implementation of vapor extraction to remove TCE at a fractured bedrock site AN - 52870983; 1996-026633 JF - Ground Water AU - Marcus, Donald L AU - Linder, Steven AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 855 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - fractured materials KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - bedrock KW - pollutants KW - soil vapor extraction KW - pollution KW - ground water KW - California KW - organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52870983?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Design+and+implementation+of+vapor+extraction+to+remove+TCE+at+a+fractured+bedrock+site&rft.au=Marcus%2C+Donald+L%3BLinder%2C+Steven%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=Donald&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=855&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1994 AGWSE educational program on Ground water remediation; existing technology and future direction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; design; fractured materials; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; soil vapor extraction; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground water remediation performance evaluation at one of the first Superfund sites AN - 52870892; 1996-026605 JF - Ground Water AU - Ross, Randall R AU - Beljin, Milovan S AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 837 EP - 838 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - landfills KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - New Hampshire KW - Nashua New Hampshire KW - movement KW - Hillsborough County New Hampshire KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - discharge KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52870892?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Ground+water+remediation+performance+evaluation+at+one+of+the+first+Superfund+sites&rft.au=Ross%2C+Randall+R%3BBeljin%2C+Milovan+S%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Randall&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=837&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1994 AGWSE educational program on Ground water remediation; existing technology and future direction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - discharge; ground water; Hillsborough County New Hampshire; landfills; leaching; movement; Nashua New Hampshire; New Hampshire; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Superfund; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ soil flushing for contaminant remediation using cosolvents and/or surfactants AN - 52870397; 1996-026616 JF - Ground Water AU - West, Candida C AU - Wood, A Lynn AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1994/10// PY - 1994 DA - October 1994 SP - 846 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 32 IS - 5 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - soils KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - pump and treat methods KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52870397?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=In+situ+soil+flushing+for+contaminant+remediation+using+cosolvents+and%2For+surfactants&rft.au=West%2C+Candida+C%3BWood%2C+A+Lynn%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=Candida&rft.date=1994-10-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=846&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1994 AGWSE educational program on Ground water remediation; existing technology and future direction N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; in situ; nonaqueous phase liquids; pollutants; pollution; pump and treat methods; remediation; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) with capillary gas chromatography in the separation of phenols, anilines and polynuclear aromatics potential field-screening applications of MEKC. AN - 76789423; 7952000 AB - Capillary electrophoresis (CE) is known to be complementary to liquid chromatography, but comparison of CE with capillary gas chromatography (GC) for applicable analytes has not been extensive. Capillary GC has been the preeminent separation technique for environmental analysis, but CE has yet to be applied systematically to the determination of environmental analytes. We present data on separations of three classes of semivolatile analytes of interest to environmental analysis: phenols, anilines and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PNAs). Standard GC conditions were used to illustrate typical separations observed on 30-m and 40-m columns. Rapid analyses were addressed using a high-temperature 15-m column of thinner film. CE separations employed borate buffer with sodium cholate as the micellar agent in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). The effects of organic additives were studied using methanol, acetone and tetrahydrofuran. gamma-Cyclodextrin was also used in MEKC to enhance the separation of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons and to examine its effects on separations of phenols and anilines. Short capillaries effected very rapid (< 3 min) compound-class characterization, an approach which has potential use in site characterization/remediation (field-screening) studies. JF - Journal of chromatography. A AU - Brumley, W C AU - Jones, W J AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478. Y1 - 1994/09/30/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Sep 30 SP - 163 EP - 173 VL - 680 IS - 1 SN - 0021-9673, 0021-9673 KW - Aniline Compounds KW - 0 KW - Phenols KW - Polycyclic Compounds KW - Soil Pollutants KW - aniline KW - SIR7XX2F1K KW - Index Medicus KW - Soil Pollutants -- isolation & purification KW - Electrochemistry KW - Chromatography, Liquid -- methods KW - Aniline Compounds -- isolation & purification KW - Phenols -- isolation & purification KW - Polycyclic Compounds -- isolation & purification KW - Chromatography, Gas -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76789423?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+micellar+electrokinetic+chromatography+%28MEKC%29+with+capillary+gas+chromatography+in+the+separation+of+phenols%2C+anilines+and+polynuclear+aromatics+potential+field-screening+applications+of+MEKC.&rft.au=Brumley%2C+W+C%3BJones%2C+W+J&rft.aulast=Brumley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1994-09-30&rft.volume=680&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=163&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+chromatography.+A&rft.issn=00219673&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-12-23 N1 - Date created - 1994-12-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lindane does not alter the estrogen receptor or the estrogen-dependent induction of progesterone receptors in sexually immature or ovariectomized adult rats. AN - 76789211; 7524197 AB - Lindane, gamma-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexachlorocyclohexane (gamma-HCH), has been shown to disrupt reproductive function in mammals. Many of these adverse effects on female reproduction such as alterations in sexual receptivity, disrupted ovarian cyclicity, reduction in uterine weight and termination of pregnancy are thought to be due to altered ovarian hormone secretions and/or an impaired response to circulating estrogen. It has been suggested that gamma-HCH may block the response of estrogen-dependent tissues to estradiol via an interaction with the estrogen receptor. To test this hypothesis, estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor affinity and number were evaluated in sexually immature, 17 beta-estradiol-3-benzoate (EB)-primed Long Evans female rats following exposure to vehicle or gamma-HCH (40 mg/kg) for 7 days (Study 1) and in adult, ovariectomized EB-primed Long-Evans rats following gavage with vehicle or gamma-HCH (0, 10, 20, or 40 mg/kg) for 5 days (Study 2). Chlordecone (kepone; 40 mg/kg; i.p.) was used in Study 2 as a positive control for the alteration of the estrogen-induction of PR in the pituitary. Neither gamma-HCH nor chlordecone altered serum estradiol concentrations. gamma-HCH did not change the ER number (1, 24, or 30 h after EB) or the estrogen-dependent induction of PR (24 or 48 h after EB) in the hypothalamus (HYP), pituitary, or uterus. These data indicate that the effects of gamma-HCH on the female reproductive system do not involve an alteration in the ER and that heterogeneity exists between target tissues in their response to xenobiotics. JF - Toxicology AU - Laws, S C AU - Carey, S A AU - Hart, D W AU - Cooper, R L AD - Reproduction Toxicology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/09/06/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Sep 06 SP - 127 EP - 142 VL - 92 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Receptors, Progesterone KW - Lindane KW - 59NEE7PCAB KW - Index Medicus KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Cell Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Hypothalamus -- metabolism KW - Ovariectomy KW - Pituitary Gland -- metabolism KW - Female KW - Sexual Maturation KW - Lindane -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Progesterone -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Progesterone -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Estrogens -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76789211?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Lindane+does+not+alter+the+estrogen+receptor+or+the+estrogen-dependent+induction+of+progesterone+receptors+in+sexually+immature+or+ovariectomized+adult+rats.&rft.au=Laws%2C+S+C%3BCarey%2C+S+A%3BHart%2C+D+W%3BCooper%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Laws&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-09-06&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-01 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on the correlation between blood cholinesterase inhibition and 'target tissue' inhibition in pesticide-treated rats. AN - 76773463; 7524196 AB - Inhibition of cholinesterase activity in the blood has been proposed as an index of ChE activity in tissues targeted by ChE-inhibiting pesticides, including the muscle end-plate region and the central nervous system (CNS). While opinions vary regarding the utility of blood ChE activity in predicting ChE activity in the target tissues, there appear to be no comprehensive studies designed to assess this possible correlation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. We undertook this type of study by administering a single dose of an organophosphate, chlorpyrifos (0, 30, 60 or 125 mg/kg in corn oil, s.c.) to rats and then sacrificing animals at 1, 4, 7, 21 or 35 days after dosing. Whole blood, plasma, erythrocytes, frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, hypothalamus and diaphragm tissue were collected and assayed for ChE activity. Collapsed across dosages, optimal correlations of blood ChE activity with brain or muscle activity occurred 7-21 days after dosing (when ChE inhibition was maximal and most stable). At all times after dosing, there was a high correlation among ChE activity in the hippocampus, striatum and frontal cortex. Generally, ChE activity in whole blood and erythrocytes correlated better with the activity in brain and muscle than did activity in the plasma (whole blood > or = erythrocytes >> plasma). Similar relationships were also observed in a more abbreviated study using a direct acting organophosphate, paraoxon. ChE activity was determined in blood components, brain and muscle at the time of maximal inhibition (4 h after injection) and during recovery (24 hrs after injection) using two dosage levels (0.17 or 0.34 mg/kg, s.c.). Taken together, these data indicate that the level of ChE activity in the blood may accurately reflect activity in other tissues, but that this correlation is tissue- and time-specific. JF - Toxicology AU - Padilla, S AU - Wilson, V Z AU - Bushnell, P J AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/09/06/ PY - 1994 DA - 1994 Sep 06 SP - 11 EP - 25 VL - 92 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Cholinesterases KW - EC 3.1.1.8 KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Paraoxon KW - Q9CX8P80JW KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Animals KW - Erythrocytes -- enzymology KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Biotransformation KW - Paraoxon -- toxicity KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Organ Specificity KW - Muscles -- enzymology KW - Male KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Cholinesterases -- metabolism KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Cholinesterases -- blood KW - Insecticides -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76773463?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Studies+on+the+correlation+between+blood+cholinesterase+inhibition+and+%27target+tissue%27+inhibition+in+pesticide-treated+rats.&rft.au=Padilla%2C+S%3BWilson%2C+V+Z%3BBushnell%2C+P+J&rft.aulast=Padilla&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-09-06&rft.volume=92&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-11-01 N1 - Date created - 1994-11-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermoregulation in laboratory mammals and humans exposed to anticholinesterase agents. AN - 77713105; 7845326 AB - The regulation of body temperature is one of many homeostatic functions affected by exposure to anticholinesterase (antiChE) pesticides, and related compounds. In the study of antiChE neurotoxicity, thermoregulatory variables are often used as sensitive physiological indices. Hence, a review on the thermoregulatory aspects of antiChE agents would be useful to researchers in a variety of fields. A reduction in body temperature is a commonly used indicator of antiChE poisoning in laboratory rodents. On the other hand, humans and some other species often shown an elevation in body temperature when exposed to antiChE agents. Hyperthermia has also been noted in animals treated with either low levels of antiChEs or during recovery from high doses of antiChEs. In this review, the literature dealing with the central and peripheral effects of cholinergic agonists and antagonists is reassessed because the thermoregulatory effects of antiChEs are thought to be linked to the activation of cholinergic pathways. This is followed by a thorough review of the studies reporting thermoregulatory responses in laboratory rodents and humans exposed to low and high doses of a variety of antiChE agents, including the organophosphate- (OP) and carbamate- (CB) based pesticides and related drugs. Attention is given to the possible mechanism of action of OPs on thermoregulation in the laboratory rodent including the involvement of behavioral and autonomic processes. The incidence of antiChE-induced hyperthermia (fever) in humans exposed to antiChEs is also addressed. Other topics of antiChE-induced thermoregulatory dysfunction discussed in this review include the role of exercise, heat, and cold stress, tolerance to antiChE agents, and genetic variability. Overall, the mechanism of antiChE-induced changes in body temperature cannot always be explained solely by the immediate consequences of ChE inhibition. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. PY - 1994 SP - 427 EP - 453 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - 0 KW - Insecticides KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Drug Tolerance KW - Animals KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - Exercise -- physiology KW - Acclimatization KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Mammals -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77713105?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Thermoregulation+in+laboratory+mammals+and+humans+exposed+to+anticholinesterase+agents.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1995-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dichloroacetic acid and related compounds: induction of prophage in E. coli and mutagenicity and mutation spectra in Salmonella TA100. AN - 77704169; 7837977 AB - We performed three types of studies to evaluate the genotoxicity of the chlorinated organic solvent perchloroethylene (PERC or tetrachloroethylene) and its volatile metabolites, trichloroacetyl chloride (TCAC) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), as well as the volatile metabolites of trichloroethylene, i.e. dichloroacetyl chloride (DCAC), dichloroacetic acid (DCA), and 2,2,2-trichloroethanol (TCE). In the first set of studies, which involved the evaluation of these chemicals in the Microscreen prophage-induction assay, only DCA (+S9) was genotoxic, producing 6.6-7.2 plaque-forming units/mM. This places DCA among the weakest of the > 100 chemicals that have been identified previously as inducers of prophage in this assay. In the second set of studies, which involved the evaluation of these chemicals in the vapor state in Salmonella TA100 using a Tedlar bag vaporization technique, DCA (+/-S9), DCAC (-S9), and TCAC (+/-S9) were mutagenic, producing 3-5x increases in revertants/plate relative to the background. S9 enhanced the mutagenic potency of DCA but had no effect on the mutagenic potency of TCAC. The potencies ranged from 0.7 to 3.9 rev/p.p.m., resulting in a potency ranking of DCA > DCAC approximately TCAC. The lowest effective concentrations were 50-300 p.p.m., which are similar to those for ethylene oxide and epichlorohydrin in this assay. In the third set of studies, the mutation spectra of DCA, DCAC, and TCAC were determined at the base-substitution allele hisG46 of Salmonella TA100. DCA and DCAC induced primarily G.C-->A.T transitions, whereas TCAC induced primarily G.C-->T.A transversions, which was also the predominant mutation among the background revertants.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - Mutagenesis AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Perry, E AU - Shelton, M L AD - Genetic Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 429 EP - 437 VL - 9 IS - 5 SN - 0267-8357, 0267-8357 KW - Chloroacetates KW - 0 KW - DNA Primers KW - DNA, Bacterial KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Base Sequence KW - DNA Primers -- genetics KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- pharmacology KW - DNA, Bacterial -- genetics KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Coliphages -- drug effects KW - Trichloroethylene -- pharmacology KW - Mutagenesis KW - Virus Activation -- drug effects KW - Escherichia coli -- drug effects KW - Escherichia coli -- genetics KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- drug effects KW - Escherichia coli -- virology KW - Salmonella typhimurium -- genetics KW - Mutation KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77704169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutagenesis&rft.atitle=Dichloroacetic+acid+and+related+compounds%3A+induction+of+prophage+in+E.+coli+and+mutagenicity+and+mutation+spectra+in+Salmonella+TA100.&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BPerry%2C+E%3BShelton%2C+M+L&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=429&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutagenesis&rft.issn=02678357&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date created - 1995-02-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide registration in the United States: overview and new directions. AN - 76912135; 7804650 AB - This paper provides an overview of EPA's pesticide registration program and a discussion of recent activities. The registration of pesticides is the responsibility of the Office of Pesticide Programs, an office of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). EPA's pesticide regulatory authority derives from the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA). FIFRA governs the registration or licensing of pesticide products including insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, rodenticides, disinfectants, plant growth regulators, and biological agents. FFDCA governs pesticide residue levels in food and feed crops. FIFRA gives EPA authority for registering pesticides to ensure that when used according to label directions, they will not pose unreasonable adverse effects to the environment. FIFRA requires EPA to balance the risks and benefits of a pesticide in deciding whether or not to grant a pesticide registration. In a typical year EPA reviews over 5000 registration submissions that vary from routine label amendments to the review of a new active ingredient. About 20 applications for registration of a new active ingredient are received each year. Registration for a new active ingredient requires a significant investment in time and money by the registrant. Data development for a major agricultural chemical can cost 10 million dollars or more and take several years to complete. EPA is embarking on a number of new initiatives in the registration program designed to reduce the use of chemical pesticides, limit the regulatory burden on lower risk and reduced risk products, and streamline the review process generally. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Culleen, L E AD - Registration Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 291 EP - 299 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Food Additives KW - 0 KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Pesticides KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Pest Control, Biological -- standards KW - Agriculture -- standards KW - International Cooperation KW - Maximum Allowable Concentration KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Pesticide Residues -- standards KW - Food Supply -- standards KW - Food Additives -- standards KW - Child Welfare KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Registries KW - Environmental Monitoring -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- organization & administration KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- standards KW - Environmental Monitoring -- economics KW - Environmental Monitoring -- standards KW - Legislation, Drug KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76912135?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=Pesticide+registration+in+the+United+States%3A+overview+and+new+directions.&rft.au=Culleen%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Culleen&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=291&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory accreditation. AN - 76911668; 7804643 AB - An investigation of alleged data fraud at a pesticide analytical laboratory led EPA to take a closer look at the Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) inspection program. There was special focus on changes which might be made in the program to enhance the chances of detecting fraud in regulated studies. To this end, the Assistant Administrator of the Office of Prevention, Pesticides and Toxic Substances (OPPTS) requested EPA's Office of Inspector General (OIG) to examine the GLP program. Several reports were issued by the OIG, including the recommendation that a laboratory accreditation program be adopted. EPA has been examining ways to implement the OIG's recommendations, including (1) laboratory accreditation consisting of three components: document submission and assessment, site visit and assessment, and proficiency assessment; and (2) mandatory registration of all facilities participating in GLP-regulated studies, based on document submission and assessment. These two alternatives are compared, and the advantages and disadvantages of each are discussed. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Bradway, D E AU - Siegelman, F L AD - U.S. EPA, National Enforcement Investigations Center, Denver, Colorado 80225. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 242 EP - 247 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Facility Regulation and Control -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Accreditation -- organization & administration KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- standards KW - Laboratories -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Laboratories -- standards KW - Accreditation -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76911668?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=Laboratory+accreditation.&rft.au=Bradway%2C+D+E%3BSiegelman%2C+F+L&rft.aulast=Bradway&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=242&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Worker exposure studies. AN - 76910367; 7804648 AB - The first federal pesticide law was enacted in 1910 and was replaced by a more expansive Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) in 1947. In 1972 the Federal Environmental Pesticide Control Act amended the FIFRA from primarily a consumer protection law to a risk/benefit regulation with primary emphases on human and environmental health. "Modern" pesticides were beginning to be developed during World War II. Early attempts to assess human exposure to pesticides seemed to coincide with the development of the organophosphate pesticides in the early to mid 1950s. A continually expanding base of toxicological knowledge has forced increased efforts to refine exposure assessments. Early "patch" dosimeters have evolved to numerous and more refined methods of dosimetry. In addition to studying worker exposure, modern students of pesticide application must also deal with a myriad of situations ranging from field or site reentry to bystander and/or residential exposures. Efforts to standardize pesticide exposure assessments resulted in the 1987 issuance of U.S. EPA Pesticide Assessment Guidelines--Subdivision U--Applicator Exposure Monitoring. In October, 1989 (40 CFR Part 160), the Agency directed that studies initiated on or after that date and submitted in support of pesticide regulation must be conducted under the standards of Good Laboratory Practices. All of these and related factors culminate in the continued development and refinement of methodologies for pesticide exposure assessment. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Dow, M I AD - U.S. EPA (7509C), Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 275 EP - 278 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - History of medicine KW - United States KW - Agriculture KW - History, 20th Century KW - Humans KW - Data Collection KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - Occupational Exposure -- prevention & control KW - Occupational Health -- history KW - Pesticides -- history KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76910367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=Worker+exposure+studies.&rft.au=Dow%2C+M+I&rft.aulast=Dow&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent and current EPA good laboratory practice policy issues. AN - 76909042; 7804642 AB - The Policy and Grants Division of the Office of Compliance Monitoring and specifically the Pesticides Enforcement Policy Branch (PEPB) of that division were active in policy issues affecting GLPs throughout the past year. Among the products have been a number of correspondences which have been made available to the regulated community--edited to preserve the confidentiality of persons writing to the agency--as "advisories." In addition, the PEPB actively worked with members of the regulated community to assist in their compliance with the GLPs. These two areas, GLP policy guidance during the last year and compliance-assistance efforts, are discussed below. Note that recently there have been organizational changes at EPA, and policy issues originally covered by the Pesticides Enforcement Policy Branch are now addressed by the new Agriculture Branch of the Agriculture and Ecosystems Division. This division is in the Office of Compliance of the newly formed Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance. This organizational change will not adversely affect EPA responsiveness on GLP policy matters. JF - Quality assurance (San Diego, Calif.) AU - Howie, S J AD - Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 237 EP - 241 VL - 3 IS - 3 SN - 1052-9411, 1052-9411 KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Documentation KW - Pesticides -- standards KW - Equipment and Supplies KW - Research Design KW - Facility Regulation and Control -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- standards KW - Health Policy KW - Laboratories -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76909042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.atitle=Recent+and+current+EPA+good+laboratory+practice+policy+issues.&rft.au=Howie%2C+S+J&rft.aulast=Howie&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=237&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Quality+assurance+%28San+Diego%2C+Calif.%29&rft.issn=10529411&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Energy conservation. Green lights: a bright investment in the environment. AN - 76858109; 10138408 JF - California hospitals AU - Stenburg, M AD - EPA, San Francisco. PY - 1994 SP - 27 EP - 28 VL - 8 IS - 5 SN - 0896-2766, 0896-2766 KW - Health administration KW - United States KW - California KW - Cost Savings -- methods KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Power Plants -- standards KW - Power Plants -- economics KW - Lighting -- economics KW - Air Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Conservation of Energy Resources -- methods KW - Maintenance and Engineering, Hospital -- methods KW - Maintenance and Engineering, Hospital -- economics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76858109?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=California+hospitals&rft.atitle=Energy+conservation.+Green+lights%3A+a+bright+investment+in+the+environment.&rft.au=Stenburg%2C+M&rft.aulast=Stenburg&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=27&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=California+hospitals&rft.issn=08962766&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1995-01-03 N1 - Date created - 1995-01-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactive regulation of Ah and glucocorticoid receptors in the synergistic induction of cleft palate by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and hydrocortisone. AN - 76687129; 8079347 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a wide-spread environmental contaminant that produces adverse biological effects including carcinogenesis, reproductive toxicity, immune dysfunction, hyperkeratosis, hepatotoxicity, thymic involution and teratogenesis. In the mouse embryo, TCDD induces cleft palate and hydronephrosis. Glucocorticoids are endogenous steroid compounds that have an important role in development, but are teratogenic at pharmacological doses. The synthetic glycocorticoid, hydrocortisone (HC), induces cleft plate and a potent, synergistic interaction has been observed between TCDD and HC. Both TCDD and HC act through receptor-mediated mechanisms and each compound has its own receptor, the Ah receptor (AhR) and the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), respectively. The morphology and etiology of TCDD- and HC-induced clefts are distinctly different, as HC clefting is due to formation of small palatal shelves, while TCDD-treated shelves fail to fuse due to effects on epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation. The present study examines the expression of AhR and GR in the embryonic palate following exposure to TCDD, HC, and HC + TCDD. C57BL/6N pregnant mice were treated with HC (25 or 100 mg/kg/day GD10-13, sc), TCDD (3 micrograms/kg/day GD10-13, or 24 micrograms/kg GD10, orally), or HC + TCDD (25 mg/kg/day sc and 3 micrograms/kg/day orally, GD10-13). Craniofacial tissues were collected from the embryos on GD14 and examined for AhR and GR expression using in situ hybridization. Northern blots, and immunohistochemistry. We found that in the embryonic palate exposed to TCDD, the AhR was downregulated and the GR expression increased. Conversely, following HC exposure, the GR was downregulated and AhR levels were elevated. HC + TCDD produced increased expression of both receptors. Effects on AhR appeared to be regulated at the transcriptional level, as both protein and mRNA were altered in similar directions. The observed cross-regulation of the receptors is believed to be important in the synergistic interaction between TCDD and HC for the induction of cleft palate. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Perdew, G H AU - Buckalew, A R AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 138 EP - 150 VL - 128 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - RNA, Messenger KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid KW - Hydrocortisone KW - WI4X0X7BPJ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Blotting, Northern KW - Palate -- chemistry KW - RNA, Messenger -- analysis KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Pregnancy KW - Palate -- embryology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - In Situ Hybridization KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Down-Regulation -- drug effects KW - Drug Synergism KW - Immunohistochemistry KW - Female KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- drug effects KW - Cleft Palate -- chemically induced KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- drug effects KW - Cleft Palate -- pathology KW - Hydrocortisone -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- genetics KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Glucocorticoid -- genetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76687129?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Interactive+regulation+of+Ah+and+glucocorticoid+receptors+in+the+synergistic+induction+of+cleft+palate+by+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+and+hydrocortisone.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BPerdew%2C+G+H%3BBuckalew%2C+A+R%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=138&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of sensitivity analysis to a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for carbon tetrachloride in rats. AN - 76682388; 8079352 AB - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models developed from gas uptake experiments have been used to estimate metabolic parameters for volatile organic compounds. Due to the potential application of PBPK models to estimate metabolic bioactivation constants in humans, it is important to understand the complex nature of these models and the resulting estimates. Adult male F344 rats (165-205 g) were individually exposed to carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in gas uptake systems. Three rats at each concentration were exposed for 6 hr to initial concentrations of 25, 100, 250, and 1000 ppm CCl4. Partition coefficient determinations were performed by the vial equilibration technique and used as model inputs. Computer optimizations with the means of each initial chamber concentration at each time point resulted in an estimate of Vmax of 0.11 mg/hr (Vmaxc = 0.37 mg/hr/kg) and Km of 1.3 mg/liter. To determine the effect of individual animal variation in Vmax, optimizations were also performed with the mean +/- SD, resulting in Vmax estimates of 0.09 and 0.12 mg/hr, respectively. Similar analysis resulted in Km estimates of 0.98 and 1.58 mg/liter. The results of the sensitivity analysis were concentration dependent for CCl4. These results show Vmax and Km to be most accurately detected at lower initial chamber concentrations. Results of the sensitivity analysis at the lowest concentration established the following model input hierarchy: blood to air partition > fat partition and fat volume fraction > slowly perfused partition, ventilation rate, cardiac output, fat blood flow percentage > liver blood flow percentage and slowly perfused blood flow percentage. Further sensitivity analysis determined Vmax and Km to be highly correlated when using gas uptake technology and point to the need to an independent estimate for either constant. In summary, the application of sensitivity analysis to PBPK modeling resulted in an increased understanding of factors governing the estimation of metabolic parameters. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Evans, M V AU - Crank, W D AU - Yang, H M AU - Simmons, J E AD - PKB/ETD/HERL United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711. Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 36 EP - 44 VL - 128 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Animals KW - Liver -- blood supply KW - Chromatography, Gas KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Random Allocation KW - Regional Blood Flow KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Biotransformation KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Atmosphere Exposure Chambers KW - Male KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- administration & dosage KW - Computer Simulation KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- pharmacokinetics KW - Models, Biological KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76682388?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Applications+of+sensitivity+analysis+to+a+physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+model+for+carbon+tetrachloride+in+rats.&rft.au=Evans%2C+M+V%3BCrank%2C+W+D%3BYang%2C+H+M%3BSimmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=128&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date created - 1994-10-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrogeochemical research of cold-water travertine in Huanglong-Jiuzhai scenic areas, Sichuan AN - 52828689; 1996-047339 AB - The well-known Huanglong-Jiuzhai scenic spots have developed varieties of typical cold-water karst precipitation landforms. The travertine is well consecutively distributed. It is a natural laboratory for travertine research. This paper, discusses the chemical hydrology, through series of data of hydrogeochemistry, water dynamic condition, flow velocity, algal karstification, by applying hydrochemical model and temperature field model, to investigate the precipitation condition of the travertine in Huanglonggou involving Jiuzhaigou area. JF - Kuangwu Yanshi = Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology AU - Lu, Guoping Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 71 EP - 78 PB - Mineralogical, Petrological and Geochemical Society of Sichuan Province, China, Chengdu VL - 14 IS - 3 SN - 1001-6872, 1001-6872 KW - Huanglong-Jiuzhai National Park KW - Far East KW - karst hydrology KW - Sichuan China KW - hydrochemistry KW - ground water KW - karstification KW - sedimentary rocks KW - travertine KW - carbonate rocks KW - Asia KW - solution features KW - geochemistry KW - China KW - 23:Geomorphology KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52828689?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kuangwu+Yanshi+%3D+Journal+of+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.atitle=Hydrogeochemical+research+of+cold-water+travertine+in+Huanglong-Jiuzhai+scenic+areas%2C+Sichuan&rft.au=Lu%2C+Guoping&rft.aulast=Lu&rft.aufirst=Guoping&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=71&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Kuangwu+Yanshi+%3D+Journal+of+Mineralogy+and+Petrology&rft.issn=10016872&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by National Geological Library, Beijing, China N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; carbonate rocks; China; Far East; geochemistry; ground water; Huanglong-Jiuzhai National Park; hydrochemistry; karst hydrology; karstification; sedimentary rocks; Sichuan China; solution features; travertine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water quality management in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union AN - 50130057; 1995-050849 JF - Geotimes AU - Hoffer, Ron Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 12 EP - 14 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 39 IS - 9 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - protection KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - water management KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - Eastern Europe KW - possibilities KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Commonwealth of Independent States KW - Central Europe KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50130057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=Water+quality+management+in+Central+and+Eastern+Europe+and+the+former+Soviet+Union&rft.au=Hoffer%2C+Ron&rft.aulast=Hoffer&rft.aufirst=Ron&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=12&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 593 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Central Europe; Commonwealth of Independent States; Eastern Europe; Europe; ground water; monitoring; pollution; possibilities; protection; remediation; surface water; water management; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The national sediment inventory; a tool for environmental managers and and decision-makers AN - 50126229; 1995-056387 AB - EPA is nearing completion of a four-year national study to assess the nature, extent, and causes of sediment contamination in the United States. Data collected during the study are being compiled in EPA's National Sediment Inventory. EPA program offices will use the information in the National Sediment Inventory database to target sites for management action including: monitoring, pollution prevention, source control, end dredged material management. As a requirement of the Water Resource Development Act of 1992, EPA will also continue to update and use the National Sediment inventory to prepare a biennial Report to Congress on sediment quality in the United States. This presentation provides an overview of the types of information contained in the National Sediment Inventory, and a discussion of the methodology used to evaluate the data. The presentation also describes the results of a preliminary evaluation of the sediment chemistry and point-source release data contained in the database to identify areas, chemicals, and industries of concern for the nation's aquatic ecosystems. JF - Proceedings - Water Quality Criteria and Standards for the 21st Century ... National Conference AU - Fox, Catherine A AU - Wyer, Gerri Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 4.41 EP - 4.42 PB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - detection limit KW - PCBs KW - watersheds KW - water management KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - ecosystems KW - chemical waste KW - waste management KW - transport KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - hydrology KW - insecticides KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - preventive measures KW - provenance KW - organic compounds KW - DDT KW - industrial waste KW - wind transport KW - pesticides KW - aquatic environment KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50126229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Water+Quality+Criteria+and+Standards+for+the+21st+Century+...+National+Conference&rft.atitle=The+national+sediment+inventory%3B+a+tool+for+environmental+managers+and+and+decision-makers&rft.au=Fox%2C+Catherine+A%3BWyer%2C+Gerri&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=4.41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Water+Quality+Criteria+and+Standards+for+the+21st+Century+...+National+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 4th national conference on Water quality criteria and standards for the 21st century N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C., United States N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03988 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; DDT; detection limit; ecosystems; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrology; industrial waste; insecticides; monitoring; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; PCBs; pesticides; point sources; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; provenance; sediments; transport; waste management; water management; water quality; watersheds; wind transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New ways to evaluate risk; moving beyond chemical toxicity in the water column AN - 50123453; 1995-056384 AB - This session covers background on the traditional Criteria--Standards--TMDL--Permits--Enforcement approach to water quality protection and how it is evolving to address the dispersion of contaminants through different media: water, sediments, air, and tissue. The session provides information on how criteria can be used to address effects from pollutants in media other than the water column and provides approaches on how to use criteria to solve environmental problems. The session will include a review of the environmental gains and benefits of chemical water quality criteria achieved to date and gives insight on how chemical water quality criteria may be developed and applied in the future. JF - Proceedings - Water Quality Criteria and Standards for the 21st Century ... National Conference AU - Leaberry, Amy L AU - Wyer, Gerri Y1 - 1994/09// PY - 1994 DA - September 1994 SP - 1.1 EP - 1.4 PB - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC KW - protection KW - water quality KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - ground water KW - detection KW - industrial waste KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50123453?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+-+Water+Quality+Criteria+and+Standards+for+the+21st+Century+...+National+Conference&rft.atitle=New+ways+to+evaluate+risk%3B+moving+beyond+chemical+toxicity+in+the+water+column&rft.au=Leaberry%2C+Amy+L%3BWyer%2C+Gerri&rft.aulast=Leaberry&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft.date=1994-09-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1.1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+-+Water+Quality+Criteria+and+Standards+for+the+21st+Century+...+National+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 4th national conference on Water quality criteria and standards for the 21st century N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1995-01-01 N1 - Availability - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, D.C., United States N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03988 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical waste; detection; ground water; industrial waste; monitoring; policy; pollutants; pollution; protection; risk assessment; surface water; toxic materials; water quality; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environment-, drug- and stress-induced alterations in body temperature affect the neurotoxicity of substituted amphetamines in the C57BL/6J mouse. AN - 76678844; 8071868 AB - In the companion paper we demonstrated that d-methamphetamine (d-METH), d-methylenedioxyamphetamine (d-MDA) and d-methylenedioxymethamephetamine (d-MDMA), but not d-fenfluramine (d-FEN), appear to damage dopaminergic projections to the striatum of the mouse. An elevation in core temperature also was associated with exposure to d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA, whereas exposure to d-FEN lowered core temperature. Given these findings, we examined the effects of temperature on substituted amphetamine (AMP)-induced neurotoxicity in the C57BL/6J mouse. Levels of striatal dopamine (DA) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were taken as indicators of neurotoxicity. Alterations in ambient temperature, pretreatment with drugs reported to cause hypothermia in the mouse and hypothermia induced by restraint stress were used to affect AMP-induced neurotoxicity. Mice received d-METH (10 mg/kg), d-MDA (20 mg/kg) or d-MDMA (20 mg/kg) every 2 hr for a total of four s.c. injections. All three AMPs increased core temperature and caused large (> 75%) decreases in striatal dopamine and large (> 300%) increases in striatal glial fibrillary acidic protein 72 hr after the last injection. Lowering ambient temperature from 22 degrees C to 15 degrees C blocked (d-MDA and d-MDMA) or severely attenuated (d-METH) these effects. Pretreatment with MK-801 lowered core temperature and blocked AMP-induced neurotoxicity; elevation of ambient temperature during this regimen elevated core temperature and markedly attenuated the neuroprotective effects of MK-801. Pretreatment with MK-801 also lowered core temperature in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-treated mice but did not block 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - Miller, D B AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 752 EP - 760 VL - 270 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Amphetamines KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- pharmacology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Stress, Physiological KW - Amphetamines -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76678844?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Environment-%2C+drug-+and+stress-induced+alterations+in+body+temperature+affect+the+neurotoxicity+of+substituted+amphetamines+in+the+C57BL%2F6J+mouse.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=270&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=752&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-28 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxicity profiles of substituted amphetamines in the C57BL/6J mouse. AN - 76674607; 8071867 AB - Dopaminergic (DA) and serotonergic (5-HT) projections to striatum and cortex have been implicated as the primary targets of substituted amphetamine (AMP)-induced neurotoxicity, largely on the basis of the propensity of these compounds to cause protracted decrements in DA and 5-HT rather than on the basis of AMP-induced alterations of indices linked to neural damage. Moreover, most studies of AMP-induced neurotoxicity, regardless of the endpoints assessed, have been conducted using a rat model; relatively little attention has been focused on the effects of these compounds in the mouse. Here, we evaluated the potential neurotoxic effects of d-methamphetamine (d-METH), d-methylenedioxyamphetamine (d-MDA), d-methylene-dioxymethamphetamine (d-MDMA) and d-fenfluramine (d-FEN) in the C57BL6/J mouse. Astrogliosis, assessed by quantification of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), was taken as the main index of AMP-induced neural damage. A silver degeneration stain also was used to obtain direct evidence of AMP-induced neuronal damage. Assays of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), DA and 5-HT were used to assess effects on DA and 5-HT systems. Mice received d-METH (10 mg/kg), d-MDA (20 mg/kg), d-MDMA (20 mg/kg) or d-FEN (25 mg/kg) every 2 hr for a total of four s.c. injections. d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA caused a large (300%) increase in striatal GFAP that resolved by 3 weeks and a 50 to 75% decrease in TH and DA that did not resolve. d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA also caused fiber and terminal degeneration in striatum as revealed by silver staining. d-FEN did not affect any parameters in striatum. d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA also increased GFAP in cortex, effects that were associated with small (10-25%) and transient decrements in cortical 5-HT. d-FEN caused prolonged (weeks) decrements (20%) in cortical 5-HT but did not affect cortical GFAP. The effects of d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA were stereoselective and were blocked by pretreatment with MK-801. Core temperature was slightly elevated by d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA but was dramatically lowered by d-FEN. The data suggest that d-METH, d-MDA and d-MDMA, but not d-FEN, produce damage to neural elements of mouse striatum and cortex. JF - The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Miller, D B AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina. Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 741 EP - 751 VL - 270 IS - 2 SN - 0022-3565, 0022-3565 KW - Amphetamines KW - 0 KW - Dizocilpine Maleate KW - 6LR8C1B66Q KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Kinetics KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Dizocilpine Maleate -- pharmacology KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Amphetamines -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/76674607?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.atitle=Neurotoxicity+profiles+of+substituted+amphetamines+in+the+C57BL%2F6J+mouse.&rft.au=O%27Callaghan%2C+J+P%3BMiller%2C+D+B&rft.aulast=O%27Callaghan&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=270&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=741&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Journal+of+pharmacology+and+experimental+therapeutics&rft.issn=00223565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1994-09-28 N1 - Date created - 1994-09-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Classification of depressions in landfill covers using uncalibrated thermal-infrared imagery AN - 52844889; 1996-038092 JF - Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing AU - Stohr, Christopher AU - Darmody, Robert G AU - Frank, Thomas D AU - Elhance, Arun P AU - Lunetta, Ross AU - Worthy, Dorsey AU - O'Connor-Shoresman, K Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 1019 EP - 1028 PB - American Society of Photogrammetry, Falls Church, VA VL - 60 IS - 8 SN - 0099-1112, 0099-1112 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - Illinois KW - geophysical surveys KW - landfills KW - geophysical methods KW - east-central Illinois KW - ecosystems KW - infrared methods KW - surveys KW - aerial photography KW - waste disposal KW - sanitary landfills KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52844889?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Photogrammetric+Engineering+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Classification+of+depressions+in+landfill+covers+using+uncalibrated+thermal-infrared+imagery&rft.au=Stohr%2C+Christopher%3BDarmody%2C+Robert+G%3BFrank%2C+Thomas+D%3BElhance%2C+Arun+P%3BLunetta%2C+Ross%3BWorthy%2C+Dorsey%3BO%27Connor-Shoresman%2C+K&rft.aulast=Stohr&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1019&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Photogrammetric+Engineering+and+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=00991112&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-06-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerial photography; airborne methods; east-central Illinois; ecosystems; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Illinois; imagery; infrared methods; landfills; remote sensing; sanitary landfills; surveys; United States; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radioactive waste disposal; an environmental perspective AN - 1287376546; 2013-018312 JF - Publication - EPA Office of Radiation and Indoor Air Y1 - 1994/08// PY - 1994 DA - August 1994 SP - 12 PB - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Radiation and Indoor Air, Washington, DC KW - United States KW - mining KW - mine waste KW - underground storage KW - site exploration KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - environmental effects KW - radioactive waste KW - waste management KW - metals KW - underground installations KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - tailings KW - actinides KW - 30:Engineering geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1287376546?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1994-08-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=Radioactive+waste+disposal%3B+an+environmental+perspective&rft.title=Radioactive+waste+disposal%3B+an+environmental+perspective&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2013, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2013-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2013-02-14 N1 - CODEN - #07691 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; environmental effects; metals; mine waste; mining; pollution; radioactive waste; site exploration; tailings; underground installations; underground storage; United States; uranium; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; waste management ER -