TY - JOUR T1 - A model for diffusion controlled bioavailability of crude oil components. AN - 79653961; 15765608 AB - Crude oil is a complex mixture of several different structural classes of compounds including alkanes, aromatics, heterocyclic polar compounds, and asphaltenes. The rate and extent of microbial degradation of crude oil depends on the interaction between the physical and biochemical properties of the biodegradable compounds and their interactions with the non-biodegradable fraction. In this study we have systematically altered the concentration of non-biodegradable material in the crude oil and analyzed its impact on transport of the biodegradable components of crude oil to the microorganisms. We have also developed a mathematical model that explains and accounts for the dependence of biodegradation of crude oil through a putative bioavailability parameter. Experimental results indicate that as the asphaltene concentration in oil increases, the maximum oxygen uptake in respirometers decreases. The mathematically fitted bioavailability parameter of degradable components of oil also decreases as the asphaltene concentration increases. JF - Biodegradation AU - Uraizee, F A AU - Venosa, A D AU - Suidan, M T AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 287 EP - 296 VL - 8 IS - 5 SN - 0923-9820, 0923-9820 KW - Petroleum KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Algorithms KW - Models, Statistical KW - Diffusion KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Water Microbiology KW - Petroleum -- metabolism KW - Petroleum -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79653961?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodegradation&rft.atitle=A+model+for+diffusion+controlled+bioavailability+of+crude+oil+components.&rft.au=Uraizee%2C+F+A%3BVenosa%2C+A+D%3BSuidan%2C+M+T&rft.aulast=Uraizee&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=287&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodegradation&rft.issn=09239820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-04-11 N1 - Date created - 2005-03-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Summary of measured radiofrequency electric and magnetic fields (10 kHz to 30 GHz) in the general and work environment. AN - 79426212; 9383245 AB - We have plotted data from a number of studies on the range of radiofrequency (RF) field levels associated with a variety of environmental and occupational sources. Field intensity is shown in units of volts/meter (V/m) for electric field strength and amps/meter (A/m) for magnetic field strength. Duty factors, modulation frequencies, and modulation indices are also reported for some sources. This paper is organized into seven sections, each cataloging sources into appropriate RF frequency bands from very-low frequency (VLF) to super-high frequency (SHF), and covers frequencies from 10 kHz to 30 GHz. Sources included in this summary are the following: Coast Guard navigational transmitters, a Navy VLF transmitter, computer visual display terminals (VDTs), induction stoves or range tops, industrial induction and dielectric heaters, radio and television broadcast transmitters, amateur and citizens band (CB) transmitters, medical diathermy and electrosurgical units, mobile and handheld transmitters, cordless and cellular telephones, microwave ovens, microwave terrestrial relay and satellite uplinks, and police, air traffic, and aircraft onboard radars. For the sources included in this summary, the strongest fields are found near industrial induction and dielectric heaters, and close to the radiating elements or transmitter leads of high power antenna systems. Handheld transmitters can produce near fields of about 500 V/m at the antenna. Fields in the general urban environment are principally associated with radio and TV broadcast services and measure about 0.1 V/m root-mean-square (rms). Peak fields from air traffic radars sampled in one urban environment were about 10 V/m, 300 times greater than the rms value of 0.03 V/m when the duty factor associated with antenna rotation and pulsing are factored in. JF - Bioelectromagnetics AU - Mantiply, E D AU - Pohl, K R AU - Poppell, S W AU - Murphy, J A AD - National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Montgomery, Alabama 36115-2601, USA. mantiply.edwin@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 563 EP - 577 VL - 18 IS - 8 SN - 0197-8462, 0197-8462 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Radio Waves KW - Occupational Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Electromagnetic Fields KW - Microwaves KW - Environmental Exposure -- statistics & numerical data KW - Occupational Exposure -- classification KW - Environmental Exposure -- classification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/79426212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.atitle=Summary+of+measured+radiofrequency+electric+and+magnetic+fields+%2810+kHz+to+30+GHz%29+in+the+general+and+work+environment.&rft.au=Mantiply%2C+E+D%3BPohl%2C+K+R%3BPoppell%2C+S+W%3BMurphy%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Mantiply&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=563&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioelectromagnetics&rft.issn=01978462&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pulmonary functions of school children in highly polluted northern Bohemia. AN - 78840707; 9039859 AB - The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether pulmonary function in children who were lifetime residents of the highly polluted district of Teplice in northern Bohemia was lower than that for children who were lifetime residents of the cleaner district of Prachatice in southern Bohemia. Forced expiratory spirometry was measured twice (February/March and April) in approximately 235 eighth-grade students in each district. On both testing occasions, height-adjusted forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% forced vital capacity were significantly lower (p < .001) in children from Teplice than in those from Prachatice. These differences were not associated with parental smoking habits, presence of pets, heating/cooking fuels, private home/apartment residency, or rural/urban residency. In Teplice, no differences were observed between lung functions measured at the end of the high pollution season (February/March) and those measured after the children breathed much cleaner air for a 4-wk period (April). This result was suggestive of a condition of chronically depressed lung function. No differences across times were observed in Prachatice, indicating that our measurements were reliable. JF - Archives of environmental health AU - Horstman, D AU - Kotesovec, F AU - Vitnerova, N AU - Leixner, M AU - Nozicka, J AU - Smitkova, D AU - Sram, R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Human Studies Division, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1997 SP - 56 EP - 62 VL - 52 IS - 1 SN - 0003-9896, 0003-9896 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Czech Republic KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Adolescent KW - Male KW - Female KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78840707?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Pulmonary+functions+of+school+children+in+highly+polluted+northern+Bohemia.&rft.au=Horstman%2C+D%3BKotesovec%2C+F%3BVitnerova%2C+N%3BLeixner%2C+M%3BNozicka%2C+J%3BSmitkova%2C+D%3BSram%2C+R&rft.aulast=Horstman&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+environmental+health&rft.issn=00039896&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-14 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-19 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hydrochemistry of forested catchments AN - 52638648; 1998-007266 JF - Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences AU - Church, M Robbins Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 23 EP - 59 PB - Annual Reviews, Palo Alto, CA VL - 25 SN - 0084-6597, 0084-6597 KW - processes KW - hydrology KW - forests KW - biochemistry KW - watersheds KW - ecosystems KW - research KW - hydrochemistry KW - movement KW - drainage basins KW - geochemistry KW - review KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52638648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Earth+and+Planetary+Sciences&rft.atitle=Hydrochemistry+of+forested+catchments&rft.au=Church%2C+M+Robbins&rft.aulast=Church&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Review+of+Earth+and+Planetary+Sciences&rft.issn=00846597&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://arjournals.annualreviews.org/loi/earth LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 158 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AREPCI N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biochemistry; drainage basins; ecosystems; forests; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; movement; processes; research; review; watersheds ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Aqueous geochemistry of contaminated groundwater in a glaciated terrain AN - 52591784; 1998-043179 AB - The studied area is a solid waste landfill site from 1958 to 1984, located at Montville, Medina County, Ohio, and is bounded by an interstate and a state highway. The landfill accepted municipal refuse, and liquid and hazardous wastes from industrial generators, which was placed directly above the bedrock of Pennsylvanian and Mississippian age and within the Pleistocene glacial tills.Groundwater is high in total dissolved solids (TDS) varying from 440 to 2,100 parts per million (ppm) and high in sulfate varying from 26 to 880 ppm in monitoring wells. This appears unrelated to leachates because residential drinking wells further away from the site have similar characteristics. High Na concentrations could come from salt used for ice and snow control because Cl is also high for corresponding samples.By comparing upgradient and downgradient wells, it appears that VOC and semiVOC contamination, other than lowering BOD and COD, did not impact significantly on the inorganic chemistry of the groundwater with large amounts of TDS. The pH variations of these wells are minimal.There is no significant difference between upgradient and downgradient wells in trace elements determined. However, Ca, Mg, and trivalent cation Al, and Sc are more variable at the Montville site as compared to a site located entirely within Pennsylvanian rocks. This could be related to the more complicated groundwater flow paths at Montville with a highly conductive Pennsylvanian sandstone bedrock, and the less conductive, discontinuous overlain glacial tills. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Antonelli, Lawrence J AU - Chyi, L Lynn AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 135 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - Pennsylvanian KW - landfills KW - sandstone KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - Medina County Ohio KW - sedimentary rocks KW - aluminum KW - glacial environment KW - sediments KW - rare earths KW - solid waste KW - geochemistry KW - Ohio KW - bedrock KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - Paleozoic KW - Carboniferous KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - till KW - hydrochemistry KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Montville Ohio KW - metals KW - volatile organic compounds KW - scandium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - clastic rocks KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52591784?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Aqueous+geochemistry+of+contaminated+groundwater+in+a+glaciated+terrain&rft.au=Antonelli%2C+Lawrence+J%3BChyi%2C+L+Lynn%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Antonelli&rft.aufirst=Lawrence&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkaline earth metals; aluminum; bedrock; calcium; Carboniferous; clastic rocks; clastic sediments; drinking water; geochemistry; glacial environment; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; hydrochemistry; landfills; magnesium; Medina County Ohio; metals; Montville Ohio; Ohio; organic compounds; Paleozoic; Pennsylvanian; pollutants; pollution; rare earths; sandstone; scandium; sedimentary rocks; sediments; solid waste; solutes; sulfate ion; till; United States; volatile organic compounds; volatiles; waste disposal; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stabilization of aridland soils; the role of biological soil crusts AN - 52586276; 1998-043618 AB - Cyanobacterial-lichen soil crusts occur in semi-arid and arid regions around the world. These crusts generally play a critical role in stabilizing sediments. Using a portable wind tunnel, wind erosion susceptibility was measured in undisturbed and differentially disturbed crusts in both warm and cold deserts in the western US. It was found that while undisturbed crusts are almost never impacted by typical winds found in these regions, disturbance left soils vulnerable to wind erosion for up to 10 years. Examination of crustal microstructure showed that both biomass and photosynthetic activity was concentrated in the top 3 mm of the soil surface. Sandblasting by soils from nearby disturbed areas can quickly remove this amount of material from the soil surface, thereby potentially removing much of the cyanobacterial biomass concentrated there. As these crusts contribute substantial nitrogen and carbon to desert regions, erosion of these surfaces can result in greatly reduced site productivity and fertility. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Belnap, Jayne AU - Pichel-Garcia, Ferran AU - Gillette, Dale AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 140 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - soils KW - cyanobacteria KW - weathering crust KW - stabilization KW - photosynthesis KW - chemically precipitated rocks KW - terrestrial environment KW - erosion KW - biomass KW - arid environment KW - semi-arid environment KW - photochemistry KW - wind erosion KW - nitrogen KW - sedimentary rocks KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - soil erosion KW - productivity KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52586276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Stabilization+of+aridland+soils%3B+the+role+of+biological+soil+crusts&rft.au=Belnap%2C+Jayne%3BPichel-Garcia%2C+Ferran%3BGillette%2C+Dale%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Belnap&rft.aufirst=Jayne&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=140&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arid environment; biomass; carbon; chemically precipitated rocks; cyanobacteria; erosion; nitrogen; photochemistry; photosynthesis; productivity; sedimentary rocks; sediments; semi-arid environment; soil erosion; soils; stabilization; terrestrial environment; weathering crust; wind erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Solute-transport parameter estimation for karst conduits using a two-region nonequilibrium model AN - 52577095; 1998-051539 AB - Karst aquifers represent the most heterogeneous and anisotropic aquifer systems. Solute transport through karst aquifers occurs primarily via conduits and is conditioned on the set of hydraulic and geometric parameters that describe various transport processes within conduits. These parameters include residence time, advection, dispersion, sorption, volume, cross-sectional area, and surface area and may be estimated through comprehensive analysis of breakthrough curves.Solute-transport modeling in karst aquifers using a two-region nonequilibrium model that accounts for partitioning of solute into mobile- and immobile-fluid regions in conduits was used to refine initial parameter estimates for five example data sets. Initial parameter estimates were obtained from analysis of the breakthrough curves. Solute partitioning into mobile- and immobile-fluid regions causes an increase in flow velocity and a decrease in longitudinal dispersion estimates. The computer program, CXTFIT2.0, implements the nonequilibrium model and was effectively used to fit model curves to the example breakthrough curves. Although originally designed to evaluate solute transport through aggregated soils, CXTFIT2.0 was found to be appropriate for modeling solute transport through conduits. Assumptions include flow through a Type I karst network, 100% volumetric water content for flooded conduits, and that only immobile fluid contacts available sorption sites. Model simulations for the five example breakthrough curves suggest that improved estimates for flow velocity and longitudinal dispersion may be obtained, and consequently, reliable estimates describing mobile-fluid velocity, dispersion, and volumetric water content for the mobile-fluid region maybe achieved if the overlying assumptions are not greatly violated. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Field, Malcolm S AU - Davies, Gareth J AU - Pinsky, Paul F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 184 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - karst hydrology KW - data processing KW - CXTFIT2.0 KW - karst KW - ground water KW - geometry KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - partitioning KW - velocity KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52577095?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Solute-transport+parameter+estimation+for+karst+conduits+using+a+two-region+nonequilibrium+model&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S%3BDavies%2C+Gareth+J%3BPinsky%2C+Paul+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=184&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; computer programs; CXTFIT2.0; data processing; geometry; ground water; karst; karst hydrology; models; partitioning; soils; solute transport; velocity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field demonstration of reactive chemical barriers to control radionuclide and trace-element contamination in ground water, Fry Canyon, Utah AN - 52571057; 1998-057456 AB - The Fry Canyon site in southeastern Utah has been selected as a long-term field demonstration site to assess the performance of selected reactive chemical barriers (RCBs) for the removal of uranium (U) and other trace elements from ground water. A RCB is a subsurface zone of reactive material that allows ground water to flow through it while immobilizing or destroying contamination. Project partners at the Fry Canyon site include the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), Department of Energy (DOE), Utah Department of Environmental Quality (UDEQ), and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). Objectives of the project include: (1) hydrologic and geochemical characterization of the site prior to emplacement of barriers; (2) design, installation, and operation of selected reaction-barrier technologies; and (3) evaluation of barrier(s) performance and commercialization potential. Objective (1) has been completed. The conceptualization of how ground water moves through the aquifer at the site was demonstrated with a one-layer flow model of the system. Ground water moves at a rate of about 1.5 feet per day nearly parallel to the streamflow direction. Recharge from precipitation and stream-channel underflow moves through the colluvial sediments overlying the Cedar Mesa Sandstone and discharges into Fry Creek. The U concentrations in the shallow colluvial aquifer range from 60 micrograms per liter (ug/L) at a background well to 16,300 ug/L beneath the tailings. Installation of three RCBs to demonstrate removal of U is planned for July 1997 using funnel and gate construction techniques. Reactive materials to be evaluated include zero valent iron, amorphous ferric oxyhydroxide, and phosphate. Each reactive barrier will contain 22 monitoring points, a water-quality minimonitor, four pressure transducers, and an in-situ flow sensor. Hydrologic and geochemical data collected during the initial demonstration period will be presented. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Naftz, D L AU - Freethey, G W AU - Feltcorn, E AU - Wilhelm, R AU - Morris, S J AU - Davis, J A AU - Fuller, C C AU - Joye, J AU - Breeden, R AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 335 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - mining KW - technology KW - isotopes KW - characterization KW - Fry Canyon KW - ground water KW - southeastern Utah KW - radioactive isotopes KW - mining geology KW - movement KW - sediments KW - trace elements KW - geochemistry KW - disposal barriers KW - colluvium KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrochemistry KW - models KW - metals KW - Utah KW - uranium KW - waste disposal KW - water wells KW - actinides KW - design KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52571057?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Field+demonstration+of+reactive+chemical+barriers+to+control+radionuclide+and+trace-element+contamination+in+ground+water%2C+Fry+Canyon%2C+Utah&rft.au=Naftz%2C+D+L%3BFreethey%2C+G+W%3BFeltcorn%2C+E%3BWilhelm%2C+R%3BMorris%2C+S+J%3BDavis%2C+J+A%3BFuller%2C+C+C%3BJoye%2C+J%3BBreeden%2C+R%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Naftz&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=335&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - actinides; characterization; clastic sediments; colluvium; design; disposal barriers; Fry Canyon; geochemistry; ground water; hydrochemistry; isotopes; metals; mining; mining geology; models; movement; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; sediments; southeastern Utah; technology; trace elements; United States; uranium; Utah; waste disposal; water quality; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Role of photoreactions in controlling rates of biodegradation of estuarine dissolved organic matter AN - 52568873; 1998-057411 AB - Synergism between photochemical and biological processes can regulate the rate of biodegradation of refractory components of DOM in estuarine and coastal environments. One mechanism for this synergism is photodegradation of DOM into smaller, more biologically labile compounds that are readily incorporated into the microbial loop. A second is the photochemical formation of labile nitrogen species from DON which can further stimulate biodegradation of high C:N ratio organic matter in N-limited coastal systems. The interaction between biological and photochemical degradation is a continuing process, such that short, intermittent exposures to sunlight can repeatedly stimulate biodegradation of DOM. Furthermore, the susceptibility of DOM to photochemical "conditioning" does not appear to be limited to the highly-colored (humic substances) component, since smaller, less aromatic compounds (e.g., hydrophilic acids) are equally or more susceptible to photolysis into biologically labile forms. More complete information on the interaction between biological and photochemical processes in the biodegradation of DOM may be important for understanding the fate of terrestrial DOM in the ocean, a poorly known aspect of the oceanic carbon cycle. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Moran, Mary Ann AU - Miller, William L AU - Bushaw, Karen L AU - Zepp, Richard G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 18 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - thallophytes KW - processes KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - terrestrial environment KW - solutes KW - rates KW - humic acids KW - geochemical cycle KW - controls KW - photodegradation KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - carbon KW - bacteria KW - coastal environment KW - carbon cycle KW - estuarine environment KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52568873?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Role+of+photoreactions+in+controlling+rates+of+biodegradation+of+estuarine+dissolved+organic+matter&rft.au=Moran%2C+Mary+Ann%3BMiller%2C+William+L%3BBushaw%2C+Karen+L%3BZepp%2C+Richard+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; carbon; carbon cycle; coastal environment; controls; estuarine environment; geochemical cycle; humic acids; humic substances; organic acids; organic compounds; photodegradation; Plantae; processes; rates; solutes; terrestrial environment; thallophytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mineral surface-catalyzed hydrolysis of agrochemicals AN - 52556858; 1998-066726 AB - Current crop and animal production practices employ a wide variety of biologically active compounds, including insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, sterilants, and antibiotics. Most of these compounds eventually come into contact with soils. Our objective is to understand how mineral surfaces and other soil constituents influence pathways and rates of degradation. Mineral surfaces serve as hydrolysis catalysts by adsorbing the organic substrate, the attacking nucleophile (usually H (sub 2) O or OH-), or both reactants. Organic substrate adsorption in most cases involves bond formation between Lewis Base groups of the substrate with metal atoms residing on the mineral surface. Surfaces comprised of "hard" metal ions (e.g. AlIII, TiIV, FeIII) show a preference for coordinating oxygen-containing groups, followed by nitrogen-containing groups; sulfur-containing groups adsorb poorly. H (sub 2) O and OH- adsorption is believed to occur on all mineral surfaces in contact with water. The nature and reactivity of adsorbed H (sub 2) O and OH-, however, is poorly understood. Laboratory studies of surface-catalyzed hydrolysis reactions of carboxylic acid esters, amides, hydrazides, carbamates, substituted ureas, phosphate triesters, phosphothioate triesters, and other agrochemicals help shed light on the nature and reactivity of mineral surfaces. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Stone, Alan T AU - Huang, Ching-Hua AU - Smolen, Jean M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 357 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - water KW - soils KW - insecticides KW - antibiotics KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - herbicides KW - sterilants KW - hydrolysis KW - rates KW - fungicides KW - adsorption KW - hydroxyl ion KW - reactivity KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - catalysis KW - chemical reactions KW - agrochemicals KW - carboxylic acids KW - pesticides KW - kinetics KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52556858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Mineral+surface-catalyzed+hydrolysis+of+agrochemicals&rft.au=Yu%2C+Y+Shane%3BBailey%2C+George+W&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; agrochemicals; antibiotics; carboxylic acids; catalysis; chemical reactions; degradation; experimental studies; fungicides; herbicides; hydrolysis; hydroxyl ion; insecticides; kinetics; organic acids; organic compounds; pesticides; rates; reactivity; soils; sterilants; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An examination of the anatomy of a chlorinated solvent plume; a Superfund site case study AN - 52509382; 1999-009617 AB - Accidental and deliberate disposal of chlorinated solvents caused a highly productive glacial-drift aquifer in Milford, New Hampshire to be contaminated, and lead to the abandonment of a municipal water supply well. These contaminants entered the subsurface both as dissolved and free phase liquids over time and at several locations. Seasonal variations in the stream-aquifer system coupled with changes in groundwater pumping patterns profoundly influence the contaminant plume configuration. The observed plume exceeds 1600 meters in length, has a maximum width of over 730 meters, and a maximum thickness in excess of 24 meters. Highest observed contaminant concentrations exceed 117 mg/L for PCE. Detailed vertical profiling and monitoring well water sample data are being used to help design a slurry wall containment system for the DNAPL source area, and groundwater extraction systems for the dissolved plume. A neutral buoyancy surfactant flushing test is planned for the DNAPL source area. JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Willey, Richard E AU - Harte, Philip T AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 123 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 29 IS - 6 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - plumes KW - contaminant plumes KW - site exploration KW - pumping KW - drift KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - ground water KW - buoyancy KW - New Hampshire KW - solvents KW - sediments KW - thickness KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water supply KW - patterns KW - monitoring KW - clastic sediments KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - Milford New Hampshire KW - dissolved materials KW - Hillsborough County New Hampshire KW - seasonal variations KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52509382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=An+examination+of+the+anatomy+of+a+chlorinated+solvent+plume%3B+a+Superfund+site+case+study&rft.au=Willey%2C+Richard+E%3BHarte%2C+Philip+T%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Willey&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 1997 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; buoyancy; case studies; chlorinated hydrocarbons; clastic sediments; contaminant plumes; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; dissolved materials; drift; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hillsborough County New Hampshire; Milford New Hampshire; monitoring; New Hampshire; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; patterns; plumes; pollutants; pollution; pumping; seasonal variations; sediments; site exploration; solvents; Superfund; tetrachloroethylene; thickness; United States; water supply; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of aromatic acids and phospholipid-ester-linked fatty acids for delineation of processes affecting an aquifer contaminated with JP-4 fuel AN - 52421073; 1999-069278 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Fang, Jiasong AU - Barcelona, Michael J AU - West, Candida A2 - Eganhouse, Robert P. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 65 EP - 76 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 671 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - United States KW - metabolites KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - degradation KW - fatty acids KW - lipids KW - ground water KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - esters KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - BTEX KW - aquifers KW - Wurtsmith Air Force Base KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - phospholipids KW - Oscoda County Michigan KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - Michigan KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52421073?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=The+use+of+aromatic+acids+and+phospholipid-ester-linked+fatty+acids+for+delineation+of+processes+affecting+an+aquifer+contaminated+with+JP-4+fuel&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L%3BBuckley%2C+T%3BPellizzari%2C+E%3BGordon%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 212th national meeting of the American Chemical Society ; symposium on Application of molecular markers in environmental geochemistry N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; biodegradation; BTEX; degradation; esters; fatty acids; ground water; hydrocarbons; lipids; metabolites; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; military facilities; organic acids; organic compounds; Oscoda County Michigan; petroleum products; phospholipids; pollutants; pollution; United States; Wurtsmith Air Force Base ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field estimation of hydraulic conductivitiy for assessments of natural attenuation AN - 52393840; 2000-014773 AB - A Geoprobe is a sampling tool that drives hollow steel rods into the earth to serve as a temporary ground water monitoring well. The rods are threaded to allow them to be joined together, and the leading rod is slotted to admit the ground water being sampled. A simple technique was developed by EPA staff that uses a Geoprobe to estimate the hydraulic conductivity of the depth interval that provides the water sample. The approach can be used where ground water can be sampled by suction lift using a pump on the surface. JF - Bioremediation AU - Wilson, John T AU - Cho, Jong S AU - Beck, Frank P AU - Vardy, James A AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 309 EP - 314 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - water quality KW - slug tests KW - contaminant plumes KW - Geoprobe KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - observation wells KW - techniques KW - porous materials KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - pump tests KW - attenuation KW - drawdown KW - sediments KW - natural attenuation KW - risk assessment KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393840?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Field+estimation+of+hydraulic+conductivitiy+for+assessments+of+natural+attenuation&rft.au=Wilson%2C+John+T%3BCho%2C+Jong+S%3BBeck%2C+Frank+P%3BVardy%2C+James+A%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=309&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; attenuation; contaminant plumes; drawdown; Geoprobe; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; natural attenuation; observation wells; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; pump tests; remediation; risk assessment; sediments; slug tests; techniques; water quality; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and testing of a bench-scale composting system for treatment of hazardous waste AN - 52393641; 2000-014723 AB - The U.S. EPA has developed bench-scale reactors to study bioremediation of contaminated soils by composting at its Test & Evaluation (T&E) Facility in Cincinnati, OH. In-vessel composters serve as diagnostic tools to estimate the treatment capability of larger systems. Current research investigates the ability of microorganisms to biodegrade polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in compost reactors. In-vessel composting of creosote-contaminated soil reduced concentrations of 2-4 ring PAHs by an average of 74%. Despite large biomass increases during the first 4 weeks of composting, no removal of 5&6 ring PAHs occurred during the 12-week treatment period. Thermophilic temperatures in the composters might have inhibited PAH degradation. JF - Bioremediation AU - Potter, Carl L AU - Glaser, John A AU - Dosani, Majid A AU - Krishnan, Srinivas AU - Radha Krishnan, E AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 85 EP - 90 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - biomass KW - creosote KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - composting KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - testing KW - waste disposal KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Design+and+testing+of+a+bench-scale+composting+system+for+treatment+of+hazardous+waste&rft.au=Potter%2C+Carl+L%3BGlaser%2C+John+A%3BDosani%2C+Majid+A%3BKrishnan%2C+Srinivas%3BRadha+Krishnan%2C+E%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=Carl&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bacteria; biodegradation; biomass; bioremediation; composting; concentration; creosote; hazardous waste; hydrocarbons; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; soil treatment; soils; techniques; testing; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Injection of surfactant/oxygen microbubbles as a delivery system for in situ bioremediation AN - 52393619; 2000-014828 AB - The rate of biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons at many sites is limited by oxygen availability in the saturated and unsaturated zones. Increasing the oxygen concentration in the contaminated zones by delivery techniques such as bioventing and biosparging have been shown to increase the rate of degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons. Injection of oxygen microbubbles was investigated as an oxygen delivery system for the in-situ biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in the saturated and unsaturated zones. Laboratory and field tests indicate that a foam consisting of 50 to 100 micron surfactant/gas microbubbles could be continuously injected into an aquifer consisting of fine grained unconsolidated sediments. The tests indicate that the microbubbles are persistent in the aquifer longer and have different migration characteristics than air bubbles injected by typical air sparging techniques. JF - Bioremediation AU - Leigh, Daniel P AU - Jerger, Douglas E AU - Woodhull, Patrick M AU - Lewis, Ronald F AU - Becvar, Erica S AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 603 EP - 608 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - soils KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - soil venting KW - pollutants KW - soil vapor extraction KW - injection KW - bubbles KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - biosparging KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393619?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Injection+of+surfactant%2Foxygen+microbubbles+as+a+delivery+system+for+in+situ+bioremediation&rft.au=Leigh%2C+Daniel+P%3BJerger%2C+Douglas+E%3BWoodhull%2C+Patrick+M%3BLewis%2C+Ronald+F%3BBecvar%2C+Erica+S%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Leigh&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=603&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; biosparging; bubbles; degradation; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; injection; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; soil venting; soils; surfactants; techniques; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Testing protocol for availability, biokinetics and treatment end-points AN - 52393401; 2000-014748 AB - Laboratory studies provide critical information on biodegradation rates and can be used for determining the effect of additives (surfactants, inducers, nutrients) and in establishing design of pilot and field-scale bioremediation systems. Based on our previous studies with soils freshly spiked with PAHs, a multilevel testing protocol was developed to quantitate adsorption/desorption rates and equilibria, biokinetic rates in soil slurry and compacted soil reactors and obtain natural attenuation rates using microcosms. In this paper, results are presented on the application of this testing protocol to an aged soil, contaminated with several low and high molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), obtained from the Reilly Tar and Chemical Corporation site in St. Louis Park, Minnesota. Desorption studies conducted with abiotic soil slurry systems showed that less than 3% of the total PAHs in soil desorbed into the aqueous phase. Respirometric studies using soil slurry reactors were conducted to derive first-order biokinetic parameters for natural attenuation, and in the presence of two nutrient formulations, two surfactants (Tween 80 and Novell II) and four inducers. It was shown that OECD nutrient formulation dramatically increases total PAH degradation. As expected, biodegradation rates for 4- and 6-ring PAHs were slower than for 2- and 3-ring PAHs. Further studies using the testing protocol are on-going with Reilly Tar and other PAH contaminated soils. JF - Bioremediation AU - Tabak, Henry H AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Fu, Chunsheng AU - Qi, Song AU - Guo, J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 195 EP - 203 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - United States KW - desorption KW - ammonium ion KW - Saint Louis Park Minnesota KW - bioavailability KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - natural attenuation KW - kinetics KW - Hennepin County Minnesota KW - soils KW - liquid phase KW - Minnesota KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - biokinetics KW - adsorption KW - bioremediation KW - nutrients KW - phosphate ion KW - organic compounds KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52393401?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Testing+protocol+for+availability%2C+biokinetics+and+treatment+end-points&rft.au=Tabak%2C+Henry+H%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BFu%2C+Chunsheng%3BQi%2C+Song%3BGuo%2C+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Tabak&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; ammonium ion; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioavailability; biodegradation; biokinetics; bioremediation; desorption; experimental studies; Hennepin County Minnesota; hydrocarbons; kinetics; laboratory studies; liquid phase; Minnesota; natural attenuation; nutrients; organic compounds; phosphate ion; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; porous materials; remediation; Saint Louis Park Minnesota; soils; sulfate ion; surfactants; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The impact of sulfide on anaerobic biotransformation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene AN - 52392435; 2000-014711 JF - Bioremediation AU - Cheng, Jiayang AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 47 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - biodegradation KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - anaerobic reactors KW - bioremediation KW - biotransformations KW - remediation KW - methanol KW - substrates KW - organic compounds KW - explosives KW - alcohols KW - anaerobic environment KW - transformations KW - microorganisms KW - dinitrotoluene KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52392435?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=The+impact+of+sulfide+on+anaerobic+biotransformation+of+2%2C4-dinitrotoluene&rft.au=Cheng%2C+Jiayang%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Cheng&rft.aufirst=Jiayang&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=47&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alcohols; anaerobic environment; anaerobic reactors; biodegradation; bioremediation; biotransformations; dinitrotoluene; explosives; methanol; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; substrates; toxic materials; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic degradation of toxaphene in soils; a pilot study AN - 52392261; 2000-014759 AB - Pilot studies were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of solid-phase anaerobic treatment in degrading toxaphene soil at a former crop-dusting landing strip in southern Florida. Ten reactors were prepared by mixing soil with various organic amendments and nutrients. These mixtures were incubated anaerobically and degradation was monitored periodically by measuring the residual toxaphene concentration. Initial toxaphene concentrations ranged from 937 to 2,400 mg/kg. After 184 days, toxaphene concentrations were reduced by up to 91.7%. The optimum removal was achieved with an amendment of 10% (w/w) blood meal. Lower substrate degradation was found in reactors which had other amendments added to the soil. The data fits a first-order rate kinetics equation. The half-life of toxaphene was 39 and 61 days for amendments of 2.5 and 10% blood meal, respectively. Headspace sampling showed no air emissions of concern. Results showed that the addition of blood meal under anaerobic conditions can be used to accelerate remediation of toxaphene contaminated soil. JF - Bioremediation AU - Camacho, JoAnn M AU - Joyner, William AU - Vemuri, Ramu AU - Holderness, Brian AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 251 EP - 256 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 2 KW - United States KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - rates KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - toxaphene KW - nutrients KW - carcinogens KW - organic compounds KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - pesticides KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52392261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+degradation+of+toxaphene+in+soils%3B+a+pilot+study&rft.au=Camacho%2C+JoAnn+M%3BJoyner%2C+William%3BVemuri%2C+Ramu%3BHolderness%2C+Brian%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Camacho&rft.aufirst=JoAnn&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=1574770276&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; biodegradation; carcinogens; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; degradation; environmental analysis; Florida; halogenated hydrocarbons; kinetics; monitoring; nutrients; organic compounds; organochlorine pesticides; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; rates; soil treatment; soils; toxaphene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protocol for supporting natural attenuation of chlorinated solvents; with examples AN - 52330268; 2000-057037 JF - Bioremediation AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Moutoux, David E AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Haas, Patrick AU - Hansen, Jerry E AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 147 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - dispersivity KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - research KW - cost KW - remediation KW - volatilization KW - attenuation KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - dechlorination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52330268?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Protocol+for+supporting+natural+attenuation+of+chlorinated+solvents%3B+with+examples&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BMoutoux%2C+David+E%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BHaas%2C+Patrick%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=147&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - attenuation; biodegradation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; cost; dechlorination; decontamination; degradation; dehalogenation; dispersivity; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrolysis; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; research; solvents; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of methanotrophs to degrade TCE in electrokinetic field AN - 52329916; 2000-057028 AB - Hydraulic fracturing processes have been developed by the University of Cincinnati and the U.S. EPA to drive trichloroethylene (TCE) in soil using electrokinetics. The goal is to capture the TCE in a remediation zone (RZ) containing granular activated carbon (GAC) and then degrade the TCE using a consortium of methanotrophs immobilized on the GAC. Hydraulic fracturing was used to place the graphite electrodes and remediation zone containing the GAC and bacteria. A consortium of methanotrophs was developed for their resistance to TCE. This consortium was used to test a methane introduction system at an uncontaminated field site near Cincinnati, Ohio. We have demonstrated that methanotrophs introduced into a RZ made up of granular activated carbon (GAC) can degrade TCE over a period of three months. This was demonstrated with a weekly ex situ test of recovered GAC from the RZ and in an indirect test of soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) activity, using the conversion of naphthalene to naphthol. These two tests showed good correlation. This technology is now being applied at a TCE contaminated site at Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base, near Columbus, Ohio. JF - Bioremediation AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Al-Abed, Souhail R AU - Catbas, K Hayati AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 101 EP - 106 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - techniques KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Hamilton County Ohio KW - decontamination KW - Cincinnati Ohio KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base KW - kinetics KW - Ohio KW - soils KW - hydraulic fracturing KW - biodegradation KW - methane KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - infiltration KW - bacteria KW - methanotrophs KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52329916?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Use+of+methanotrophs+to+degrade+TCE+in+electrokinetic+field&rft.au=Vesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BAl-Abed%2C+Souhail+R%3BCatbas%2C+K+Hayati%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Vesper&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aquifers; bacteria; biodegradation; case studies; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Cincinnati Ohio; contaminant plumes; decontamination; degradation; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hamilton County Ohio; hydraulic fracturing; hydrocarbons; infiltration; kinetics; methane; methanotrophs; military facilities; Ohio; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rickenbacker Air National Guard Base; soils; techniques; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ dechlorination of solvents in saturated soils AN - 52329842; 2000-057012 AB - Use of chlorinated solvents has led to extensive soil and groundwater contamination. Current aerobic treatment methods, such as pump-and-treat with carbon sorption or air stripping, are limited and often cost-prohibitive. Researchers have isolated microbial cultures capable of reductively dechlorinating tetrachloroethene (PCE) to ethene (ETH). Field studies have shown reductive dechlorination of chlorinated solvents to be stimulated by the addition of electron donors. Based on these results, this project utilizes indigenous bacteria and added electron donors for degradation of PCE in the field. The approach is designed to achieve a rigorous mass balance on electron donors, electron acceptors, and microbial carbon/energy sources. The effort is aimed at validating reductive dechlorination in a realistic field situation. JF - Bioremediation AU - Becvar, Erica S AU - Vogel, Catherine AU - Sewell, Guy W AU - Gossett, James M AU - Zinder, Steve H AU - Magar, Victor AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 39 EP - 44 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - ground water KW - aerobic environment KW - ethylene KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - mass balance KW - alkenes KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - pump-and-treat KW - soils KW - in situ KW - effluents KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - saturation KW - dechlorination KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52329842?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=In+situ+dechlorination+of+solvents+in+saturated+soils&rft.au=Becvar%2C+Erica+S%3BVogel%2C+Catherine%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W%3BGossett%2C+James+M%3BZinder%2C+Steve+H%3BMagar%2C+Victor%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Becvar&rft.aufirst=Erica&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dechlorination; decontamination; dehalogenation; effluents; ethylene; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; mass balance; microorganisms; organic compounds; pollution; pump-and-treat; saturation; soils; solvents; trichloroethylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rates of hydrocarbon biodegradation in the field compared to the laboratory AN - 52327895; 2000-057207 AB - A field study conducted on the shoreline of Delaware in 1994 showed that the first-order rate constants calculated from the field study were nearly identical to rate constants calculated in sealed laboratory flasks, using the same microbial populations from the study site, when the rate data were normalized to the highest alky-substituted homologue in a given polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) series. A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine how widespread this relationship was among a diverse series of microbial consortia. Eight undefined mixed cultures isolated from various U.S. marine shorelines were incubated for a period of one month in quadruplicate shake flasks in the presence of artificial seawater containing weathered crude oil. Flasks were sacrificed at periodic intervals and the contents analyzed for depletion of crude oil constituents by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Rates of biodegradation were calculated by nonlinear regression analysis of the analyte depletion data and compared to rates measured in the Delaware field study. Results affirmed the findings from Delaware. Six of the eight mixed cultures isolated from different parts of the U.S. behaved similarly in closed flasks (with respect to the relative rates of biodegradation of crude oil hydrocarbons) to the microbial consortium that degraded the light crude oil in the open field on the beach of Delaware Bay. Results suggested that one can use the relationship between degradation rate and substrate structure or molecular weight as a reliable indicator of biological activity. JF - Bioremediation AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Haines, John R AU - Holder, Edith L AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 359 EP - 364 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - Delaware KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollution KW - rates KW - case studies KW - waste management KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327895?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Rates+of+hydrocarbon+biodegradation+in+the+field+compared+to+the+laboratory&rft.au=Venosa%2C+Albert+D%3BHaines%2C+John+R%3BHolder%2C+Edith+L%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=359&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; case studies; contaminant plumes; decontamination; degradation; Delaware; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; organic compounds; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; rates; risk assessment; United States; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of mixed cultures for bioremediation product testing AN - 52327363; 2000-057220 AB - Samples of beach sediments from many locations in the United States were used to enrich for hydrocarbon degrading microorganisms. Sediments were incubated with mineral nutrients and an aromatic enriched fraction of crude oil to enrich for aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria. A shake flask experiment was designed to assess the ability of the various cultures to degrade crude oil as described in the NETAC protocol (NETAC, 1991). Each flask contained 100 mL of artificial seawater, nutrients, and weathered Alaska North Slope crude oil. Eight enrichment cultures were used to inoculate four replicate flasks for each sample time. The sample times were 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 20, and 28 days. After incubation at 20 degrees C, alkane and aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were measured by MPN and residual oil was extracted with methylene chloride, solvent exchanged with hexane, and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 28 alkanes and 40 aromatic hydrocarbons were measured. Alkanes were extensively degraded by all cultures with approximately 80% reduction occurring within 8 days of incubation. The cultures were variable in their ability to degrade aromatic hydrocarbons. The greatest reduction in aromatic content (>90%) was achieved by two cultures by day 20. Substituted aromatics were poorly degraded by some cultures. Based on the results of these experiments a positive control culture will be chosen for bioremediation product testing. JF - Bioremediation AU - Haines, John R AU - Holder, Edith L AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 419 EP - 424 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - testing KW - instruments KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+mixed+cultures+for+bioremediation+product+testing&rft.au=Haines%2C+John+R%3BHolder%2C+Edith+L%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=419&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; coastal environment; decontamination; degradation; hydrocarbons; instruments; microorganisms; monitoring; nutrients; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; remediation; sediments; solvents; techniques; testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Changes in toxicity of fuel-contaminated sediments following nitrate-based bioremediation; column study AN - 52327361; 2000-057131 JF - Bioremediation AU - Hutchins, S R AU - Bantle, J A AU - Schrock, E J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 19 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - United States KW - experimental studies KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - nitrate ion KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52327361?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Changes+in+toxicity+of+fuel-contaminated+sediments+following+nitrate-based+bioremediation%3B+column+study&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+S+R%3BBantle%2C+J+A%3BSchrock%2C+E+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; BTEX; case studies; contaminant plumes; Eglin Air Force Base; environmental analysis; experimental studies; Florida; ground water; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; military facilities; nitrate ion; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nutrient transport during bioremediation of crude oil contaminated beaches AN - 52326592; 2000-057187 AB - The effect of wave energy on transport of dissolved nutrients in the intertidal zone of sandy beaches was studied by comparing the washout rates of a conservative tracer (lithium) on two beaches in Maine. The physical characteristics of the two beaches were similar, and they were subjected to the same tidal influences, but the wave energies were very different. Scarborough Beach is a high energy beach that faces southeast toward the Atlantic Ocean, whereas Ferry Beach is in a protected harbor. This difference in wave energy caused lithium to be washed out of Scarborough Beach much more rapidly than from Ferry Beach. The higher wave energy at Scarborough Beach also appears to have increased the amount of lithium that was diluted directly into the water column. These differences in transport rate and mechanism have important implications for the feasibility of bioremediation for cleanup of oil-contaminated shorelines. JF - Bioremediation AU - Wrenn, Brian A AU - Boufadel, Michel C AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 267 EP - 272 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - Scarborough Maine KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - intertidal environment KW - detection KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - bacteria KW - hydrocarbons KW - crude oil KW - coastal environment KW - Maine KW - Cumberland County Maine KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Nutrient+transport+during+bioremediation+of+crude+oil+contaminated+beaches&rft.au=Wrenn%2C+Brian+A%3BBoufadel%2C+Michel+C%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wrenn&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; bioavailability; biodegradation; bioremediation; coastal environment; crude oil; Cumberland County Maine; decontamination; detection; environmental analysis; hydrocarbons; intertidal environment; Maine; nutrients; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Scarborough Maine; transport; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Patterns of reductive dehalogenation of dissolved chlorinated hydrocarbon plumes AN - 52326373; 2000-057047 JF - Bioremediation AU - Moutoux, David E AU - Benson, Leigh A AU - Hicks, John R AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Hansen, Jerry E AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 191 EP - 196 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - oxidation KW - dehalogenation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Patterns+of+reductive+dehalogenation+of+dissolved+chlorinated+hydrocarbon+plumes&rft.au=Moutoux%2C+David+E%3BBenson%2C+Leigh+A%3BHicks%2C+John+R%3BWiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Moutoux&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=191&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; BTEX; case studies; chlorinated hydrocarbons; contaminant plumes; decontamination; degradation; dehalogenation; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; microorganisms; monitoring; organic compounds; oxidation; pollution; remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Selection of core samples for microcosm studies of natural attenuation AN - 52326343; 2000-057044 AB - The North Beach Site at the U.S. Coast Guard Support Facility in Elizabeth City, NC, served as a location for incidental disposal of industrial wastes over a period of years. The primary contaminants discovered in the ground water are tetrachloroethylene (PCE) and its daughter products, trichloroethylene (TCE), cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (cis-1,2-DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC). The principal concern is the potential migration of the chlorinated solvents into the Pasquotank River. The highest measured PCE concentrations were 4700 mu g/L in the water and approximately 700 mu g/Kg on the aquifer solids. Maximum concentrations of TCE and DCE for both solids and water were about an order of magnitude lower. Vinyl chloride concentrations ranged from 6 to 60 mu g/L. To determine the potential for natural attenuation of the site contaminants, both field and laboratory investigations were undertaken. Cores were obtained at the North Beach location for use in batch microcosm studies. Laboratory rate constants obtained from the microcosm studies will be compared to those obtained from the field investigation. Agreement between the rates will permit their use in risk assessment activities associated with the North Beach Site. Prior to selection of core material, the location of the interval of highest ground-water flow and geochemical characteristics indicative of biological activity were determined on water sampled with a geoprobe. As part of the investigation, field measurements of geochemical indicators of biological activity were evaluated for their ability to identify contaminated ground water. The identification of ground waters impacted by contamination with petroleum hydrocarbons and chlorinated solvents has been well documented by a low redox potential, no dissolved oxygen, the presence of ferrous iron, and increased alkalinity compared to other ground waters at the site. Contamination is frequently found in the interval with the highest hydraulic conductivity. However, at the North Beach Site, geochemical parameters were not found to easily distinguish between contaminated and uncontaminated ground waters. The selection of core samples for microcosm studies was based primarily on the vertical distribution of PCE and its reduction daughter products and on the vertical distribution of hydraulic conductivity. JF - Bioremediation AU - Wilson, Barbara H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Vardy, James A AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 181 EP - 186 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - reclamation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Pasquotank County North Carolina KW - alkalinity KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - Elizabeth City North Carolina KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - North Carolina KW - trichloroethylene KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326343?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Selection+of+core+samples+for+microcosm+studies+of+natural+attenuation&rft.au=Wilson%2C+Barbara+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BVardy%2C+James+A%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkalinity; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; attenuation; bioremediation; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; decontamination; Elizabeth City North Carolina; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; microorganisms; monitoring; North Carolina; organic compounds; Pasquotank County North Carolina; pollutants; pollution; reclamation; remediation; solvents; trichloroethylene; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Field demonstration of oxygen microbubbles for in situ bioremediation AN - 52326296; 2000-057160 AB - OHM Remediation Services Corp. (OHM) is participating in a USEPA SITE Emerging Technology Demonstration using microbubbles for delivery of oxygen to enhance in situ bioremediation. The process utilizes oxygen microbubbles to treat contaminated soils and groundwater in the saturated zone. The objective of the demonstration was to determine the subsurface oxygen transfer to the groundwater, retention and migration of the microbubbles in the soil matrix, biodegradation of the petroleum hydrocarbons, and the economic feasibility of the technology. Preliminary laboratory and field pilot tests were conducted to determine microbubble production rates, quality, and the feasibility of microbubble migration through the soil. JF - Bioremediation AU - Woodhull, Patrick M AU - Jerger, Douglas E AU - Leigh, Daniel P AU - Lewis, Ronald F AU - Becvar, Erica S AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 141 EP - 146 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - oxygen KW - in situ KW - injection KW - bubbles KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - migration of elements KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - laboratory studies KW - saturated zone KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Effect+of+subchronic+corn+oil+gavage+on+the+acute+toxicity+of+orally+administered+bromodichloromethane&rft.au=Lilly%2C+P+D%3BSimmons%2C+JE%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Lilly&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; bubbles; experimental studies; ground water; in situ; injection; laboratory studies; microorganisms; migration of elements; oxygen; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; soils; techniques; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation of explosives in soil and water; engineering studies AN - 52326201; 2000-057078 JF - Bioremediation AU - Medina, Victor F AU - McCutcheon, Steven C AU - Wolfe, N Lee AU - Larsen, Steven L AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 301 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - trinitrotoluene KW - RDX KW - chemical waste KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - remediation KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - explosives KW - phytoremediation KW - nitrate ion KW - kinetics KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326201?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation+of+explosives+in+soil+and+water%3B+engineering+studies&rft.au=Medina%2C+Victor+F%3BMcCutcheon%2C+Steven+C%3BWolfe%2C+N+Lee%3BLarsen%2C+Steven+L%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Medina&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=301&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical waste; cost; explosives; kinetics; nitrate ion; organic compounds; phytoremediation; pollutants; pollution; RDX; remediation; soil treatment; soils; triazines; trinitrotoluene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development of cometabolic bioventing for the in-situ bioremediation of chlorinated solvents AN - 52326171; 2000-057070 JF - Bioremediation AU - Sayles, G D AU - Moser, L E AU - Gannon, D J AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Vogel, Catherine M AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 285 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - metabolites KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Kent County Delaware KW - toluene KW - soil vapor extraction KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - unsaturated zone KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - substrates KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - solvents KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - methane KW - Delaware KW - in situ KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52326171?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Development+of+cometabolic+bioventing+for+the+in-situ+bioremediation+of+chlorinated+solvents&rft.au=Sayles%2C+G+D%3BMoser%2C+L+E%3BGannon%2C+D+J%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BVogel%2C+Catherine+M%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Sayles&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=285&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; bioventing; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; environmental analysis; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; in situ; Kent County Delaware; metabolites; methane; microorganisms; military facilities; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; solvents; substrates; toluene; trichloroethylene; United States; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Site characterization methods for the design of in-situ electron donor delivery systems AN - 52325774; 2000-057186 AB - The Department of Energy and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency have been involved in designing and evaluating a pilot field demonstration of reductive anaerobic biological in-situ treatment technologies (RABITT) for use as a standard remedial technology for chloroethene contamination. Innovative site characterization techniques have been utilized to identify the hydraulics of the site and in particular the vertical distribution of relative hydraulic conductivities. Direct extraction of intact frozen cores has been utilized to determine the vertical distribution of contaminants in the pore spaces and on the solid matrix of site material. The combination of these techniques along with standard site characterization methods has been used the develop a three-dimensional picture of the site with vertical resolutions down to 0.5 ft (15 cm). This information has then been used to evaluate different scenarios for nutrient/electron donor delivery at the site, and when used with appropriate transport and flow codes was used to exclude designs which did not allow for significant mixing of donor and contaminants, or which did not efficiently deliver nutrients/donors to all contaminated zones. It is felt that the use of site characterization data in this manner is critical to the effective and appropriate design and implementation of RABITT and other in-situ treatment technologies. JF - Bioremediation AU - Acree, Steven D AU - Hightower, Mike AU - Ross, Randall R AU - Sewell, Guy W AU - Weesner, Brent AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 261 EP - 266 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 4 KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nutrients KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - shallow aquifers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - flowmeters KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52325774?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Site+characterization+methods+for+the+design+of+in-situ+electron+donor+delivery+systems&rft.au=Acree%2C+Steven+D%3BHightower%2C+Mike%3BRoss%2C+Randall+R%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W%3BWeesner%2C+Brent%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Acree&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+4&rft.issue=&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=1574770292&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; contaminant plumes; decontamination; environmental analysis; flowmeters; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; in situ; nutrients; pollution; remediation; saturated zone; shallow aquifers; three-dimensional models; transport; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of methodologies for cometabolic bioventing treatability studies AN - 52325676; 2000-057077 JF - Bioremediation AU - Moser, L E AU - Sayles, G D AU - Gannon, D J AU - Lee, M D AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Vogel, Catherine M AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 299 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Kent County Delaware KW - soil vapor extraction KW - unsaturated zone KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - solvents KW - decontamination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - soils KW - Delaware KW - soil venting KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - trichloroethylene KW - military facilities KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52325676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+methodologies+for+cometabolic+bioventing+treatability+studies&rft.au=Moser%2C+L+E%3BSayles%2C+G+D%3BGannon%2C+D+J%3BLee%2C+M+D%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BVogel%2C+Catherine+M%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; bioventing; chlorinated hydrocarbons; cost; decontamination; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; environmental analysis; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Kent County Delaware; microorganisms; military facilities; optimization; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; soil vapor extraction; soil venting; soils; solvents; trichloroethylene; United States; unsaturated zone; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reduced bio-availability of lead by a lead-sequestering soil bacterium AN - 52324912; 2000-057099 AB - Our soil isolate CHL004, a Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Vesper et al., 1996), concentrates lead internally as what is probably lead phosphate. The chemical composition of this phase has been studied using energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDXS) after the organism was grown on Peptone Iron Agar with 1 gm/L of lead nitrate added. Electron microscopy showed that the concentration of ferric ammonium citrate in the medium correlates with both an increase of lead phosphate particles in each organism and in the percentage of organisms which concentrate the lead, when 0.05 %, 0.075 %, 0.175 %, & 0.3 0% of ferric ammonium citrate were evaluated. Thus we believe that the mechanism of lead concentration is through the use of siderophores and is fortuitous. The lead phosphate is formed after five days of incubation at 30 degrees C on Peptone Iron Agar (PIA) media with 1 gm/L of lead nitrate. At four days of incubation an unusually uniform lattice structure can be seen in the organisms using electron microscopy. This structure is not dense enough to determine its chemical composition with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry. However, we believe it to be a precursor to the sequestering of lead phosphate. JF - Bioremediation AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J AU - Brackett, Kim A AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 385 EP - 390 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - dispersivity KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - ammonium ion KW - pollution KW - lead KW - Pseudomonas KW - bioavailability KW - iron KW - ferric iron KW - X-ray data KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - chemical properties KW - reduction KW - nitrate ion KW - chemical composition KW - SEM data KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52324912?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Reduced+bio-availability+of+lead+by+a+lead-sequestering+soil+bacterium&rft.au=Davis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J%3BBrackett%2C+Kim+A%3BVesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Davis-Hoover&rft.aufirst=Wendy&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=385&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium ion; bacteria; bioavailability; chemical composition; chemical properties; concentration; dispersivity; ferric iron; heavy metals; iron; lead; metals; monitoring; nitrate ion; pollutants; pollution; Pseudomonas; reduction; SEM data; soils; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sulfate-reducing bioprocess to remove metals from acid mine drainage AN - 52324647; 2000-057100 JF - Bioremediation AU - Steed, Vicki S AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Gupta, Munish AU - Miyahara, Takashi AU - Acheson, Carolyn AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 391 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - experimental studies KW - sulfate ion KW - acid mine drainage KW - sludge KW - effluents KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - dissolved materials KW - decontamination KW - reduction KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52324647?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Sulfate-reducing+bioprocess+to+remove+metals+from+acid+mine+drainage&rft.au=Steed%2C+Vicki+S%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BGupta%2C+Munish%3BMiyahara%2C+Takashi%3BAcheson%2C+Carolyn%3BSayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Steed&rft.aufirst=Vicki&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; bioremediation; decontamination; dissolved materials; effluents; experimental studies; heavy metals; pollution; reduction; remediation; sludge; sulfate ion; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation field demonstrations in the U. S. EPA site program AN - 52324626; 2000-057086 JF - Bioremediation AU - Rock, Steve AU - Beckman, Scott AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 323 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 3 KW - hazardous waste KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - reclamation KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - research KW - cost KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - decontamination KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - phytoremediation KW - heavy metals KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52324626?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation+field+demonstrations+in+the+U.+S.+EPA+site+program&rft.au=Rock%2C+Steve%3BBeckman%2C+Scott%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Rock&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=323&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; bioremediation; cost; decontamination; government agencies; ground water; hazardous waste; heavy metals; hydrocarbons; monitoring; optimization; organic compounds; petroleum products; phytoremediation; pollutants; pollution; reclamation; remediation; research; risk assessment; toxic materials; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of anaerobic benzene biodegradation AN - 52270998; 2001-012826 JF - Bioremediation AU - Sinclair, James L AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 15 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - Patrick Air Force Base KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - Brevard County Florida KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - Cocoa Beach KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52270998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+anaerobic+benzene+biodegradation&rft.au=Sinclair%2C+James+L%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; Brevard County Florida; Cocoa Beach; Florida; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; Patrick Air Force Base; pollutants; pollution; remediation; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Anaerobic bioventing of PCE AN - 52269360; 2001-012902 JF - Bioremediation AU - Sayles, Gregory D AU - Mihopoulos, Philip AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 353 EP - 359 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - soils KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - technology KW - soil vapor extraction KW - PCBs KW - unsaturated zone KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - applications KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52269360?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Anaerobic+bioventing+of+PCE&rft.au=Sayles%2C+Gregory+D%3BMihopoulos%2C+Philip%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Sayles&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - anaerobic environment; applications; bioremediation; bioventing; chlorinated hydrocarbons; halogenated hydrocarbons; organic compounds; PCBs; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; soils; technology; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Criteria for selection of intrinsic bioremediation for petroleum hydrocarbon plumes AN - 52266065; 2001-012845 JF - Bioremediation AU - Cho, Jong Soo AU - Wilson, John T AU - Weaver, James W AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 97 EP - 102 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - water resources KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52266065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Criteria+for+selection+of+intrinsic+bioremediation+for+petroleum+hydrocarbon+plumes&rft.au=Cho%2C+Jong+Soo%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BWeaver%2C+James+W%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=Jong&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; bioremediation; BTEX; contaminant plumes; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; risk assessment; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Natural attenuation demonstration in Wisconsin AN - 52266017; 2001-012846 JF - Bioremediation AU - Yang, Xiaoping AU - Glasser, Howard AU - Stoelting, Ray AU - Barden, Mike AU - Mickelson, George AU - Delwiche, Jim AU - Alvarez, Gilberto AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 103 EP - 108 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - organic compounds KW - natural attenuation KW - hydrocarbons KW - Wisconsin KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52266017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Natural+attenuation+demonstration+in+Wisconsin&rft.au=Yang%2C+Xiaoping%3BGlasser%2C+Howard%3BStoelting%2C+Ray%3BBarden%2C+Mike%3BMickelson%2C+George%3BDelwiche%2C+Jim%3BAlvarez%2C+Gilberto%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Yang&rft.aufirst=Xiaoping&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=103&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 13 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; attenuation; bioremediation; BTEX; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; natural attenuation; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; regulations; remediation; United States; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cooxidation of chlorinated solvents during bioventing of petroleum hydrocarbons AN - 52263824; 2001-012901 JF - Bioremediation AU - Vogel, Catherine M AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Fiorenza, Stephanie AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 347 EP - 351 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - biodegradation KW - Delaware KW - Kent County Delaware KW - pollutants KW - Dover Delaware KW - soil vapor extraction KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Dover Air Force Base KW - organic compounds KW - bioventing KW - solvents KW - jet fuel KW - hydrocarbons KW - applications KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52263824?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Cooxidation+of+chlorinated+solvents+during+bioventing+of+petroleum+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Vogel%2C+Catherine+M%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BFiorenza%2C+Stephanie%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Vogel&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international symposium on In situ and on-site bioremediation N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biodegradation; bioremediation; bioventing; Delaware; Dover Air Force Base; Dover Delaware; ground water; hydrocarbons; jet fuel; Kent County Delaware; organic compounds; oxidation; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soil vapor extraction; solvents; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Nitrate-based bioremediation of JP-4 jet fuel at Eglin AFB, FL; performance evaluation AN - 52251563; 2001-029437 JF - Bioremediation AU - Hutchins, S R AU - Miller, D E AU - Beck, F P AU - Thomas, A AU - Sweed, H G AU - Bedient, P B AU - Thomas, J M AU - Ward, C H AU - Wiesner, M AU - Bantle, J A AU - Williams, S E AU - Willis, G D AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 11 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - technology KW - Okaloosa County Florida KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - Eglin Air Force Base KW - applications KW - nitrate ion KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52251563?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Nitrate-based+bioremediation+of+JP-4+jet+fuel+at+Eglin+AFB%2C+FL%3B+performance+evaluation&rft.au=Hutchins%2C+S+R%3BMiller%2C+D+E%3BBeck%2C+F+P%3BThomas%2C+A%3BSweed%2C+H+G%3BBedient%2C+P+B%3BThomas%2C+J+M%3BWard%2C+C+H%3BWiesner%2C+M%3BBantle%2C+J+A%3BWilliams%2C+S+E%3BWillis%2C+G+D%3BOuyang%2C+Y%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Hutchins&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; bioremediation; Eglin Air Force Base; Florida; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; nitrate ion; Okaloosa County Florida; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; technology; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evidence for foam flotation as part of slurry bioreactor treatment AN - 52249465; 2001-029464 JF - Bioremediation AU - Glaser, John A AU - McCauley, Paul T AU - Dosani, Majid AU - Krishnan, E Radha AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 131 EP - 135 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - soils KW - technology KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - organic compounds KW - polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons KW - slurries KW - hydrocarbons KW - bioreactors KW - applications KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52249465?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Evidence+for+foam+flotation+as+part+of+slurry+bioreactor+treatment&rft.au=Glaser%2C+John+A%3BMcCauley%2C+Paul+T%3BDosani%2C+Majid%3BKrishnan%2C+E+Radha%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; aromatic hydrocarbons; bioreactors; bioremediation; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollution; polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; slurries; soils; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling transport and biodegradation of trimethylbenzene isomers in a sandy aquifer AN - 52247641; 2001-029439 JF - Bioremediation AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Hill, B M AU - Hutchins, S R AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 19 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - three-dimensional models KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - trimethylbenzene KW - BTEX KW - remediation KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - applications KW - nitrate ion KW - water resources KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52247641?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Modeling+transport+and+biodegradation+of+trimethylbenzene+isomers+in+a+sandy+aquifer&rft.au=Ouyang%2C+Y%3BHill%2C+B+M%3BHutchins%2C+S+R%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Ouyang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; BTEX; hydrocarbons; models; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; solute transport; three-dimensional models; trimethylbenzene; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Utilization of slurry bioreactors for contaminated solids treatment; an overview AN - 52245434; 2001-029463 JF - Bioremediation AU - Glaser, John A AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 123 EP - 130 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - soils KW - technology KW - biomass KW - slurries KW - biofilms KW - pollution KW - bioreactors KW - applications KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52245434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Utilization+of+slurry+bioreactors+for+contaminated+solids+treatment%3B+an+overview&rft.au=Glaser%2C+John+A%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biofilms; biomass; bioreactors; bioremediation; ground water; pollution; remediation; slurries; soils; technology ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of temperature and chemical composition on crude oil biodegradation AN - 52240074; 2001-029578 JF - Bioremediation AU - Uraizee, Farooq A AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Alleman, Bruce C AU - Leeson, Andrea Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 663 EP - 668 PB - Battelle Press, Columbus, OH VL - 4, Vol. 5 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - technology KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - crude oil KW - applications KW - chemical composition KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52240074?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bioremediation&rft.atitle=Effects+of+temperature+and+chemical+composition+on+crude+oil+biodegradation&rft.au=Uraizee%2C+Farooq+A%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Uraizee&rft.aufirst=Farooq&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Fourth international in situ and on-site bioremediation symposium N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04467 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical composition; crude oil; ground water; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; soils; technology; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The Hyde Park Landfill; a case history AN - 50282484; 2005-076966 JF - Annual Meeting - Association of Engineering Geologists AU - Sosa, Gloria M AU - Peterson, Gary L Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 150 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, [location varies] VL - 40 SN - 0375-572X, 0375-572X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - chlorobenzene KW - contaminant plumes KW - landfills KW - remediation KW - spatial distribution KW - Niagara Falls KW - Hyde Park Landfill KW - trichlorophenol KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - bedrock KW - North America KW - overburden KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Niagara County New York KW - pollution KW - dioxins KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - history KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50282484?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.atitle=The+Hyde+Park+Landfill%3B+a+case+history&rft.au=Sosa%2C+Gloria+M%3BPeterson%2C+Gary+L&rft.aulast=Sosa&rft.aufirst=Gloria&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+-+Association+of+Engineering+Geologists&rft.issn=0375572X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 40th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CAGPAV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bedrock; chlorinated hydrocarbons; chlorobenzene; contaminant plumes; dioxins; halogenated hydrocarbons; history; Hyde Park Landfill; landfills; monitoring; New York; Niagara County New York; Niagara Falls; nonaqueous phase liquids; North America; organic compounds; overburden; pollutants; pollution; remediation; spatial distribution; trichlorophenol; United States; water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inter-species conversion equations for predicting the toxicity of non-polar narcotic chemicals to Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia AN - 17100158; 4403865 AB - The lack of aquatic toxicity data for native species continues to be a major limitation to conducting hazard and risk assessments in Australia. Relationships were therefore developed that could predict the toxicity of non-polar narcotic chemicals to the Australian cladoceran Ceriodaphnia cf. dubia using toxicity data for overseas species. Such relationships, called inter-species conversion equations or quantitative activity-activity relationships (QAARs), used toxicity data for non-polar narcotic chemicals to a cladoceran (Daphnia magna), two fish (Poecilia reticulata, Pimephales promelas), and a marine bacterium (Vibrio fischeri). All four QAARs were of high quality having coefficients of determination greater than 0.84. Validation studies indicated that the P. reticulata, D. magna, V. fischeri and P. promelas QAARs could predict the toxicity of non-polar narcotics with mean absolute percentage errors between experimental toxicity values and those predicted by the QAARs of approximately 20 to 50%. The QAARs provide an easy, cost-effective and accurate means of estimating the toxicity of non-polar narcotic chemicals to C. cf. dubia. Similar relationships could be developed to predict the toxicity of a wide range of chemicals to different native organisms. JF - Australasian Journal of Ecotoxicology AU - Rose, R M AU - Warne, MSJ AU - Lim, R P AD - Ecotoxicology Section, NSW Environment Protection Authority, EPA/UTS Centre for Ecotoxicology, University of Technology, Sydney, Westbourne St, Gore Hill, NSW 2065, Australia, warnempa.nsw.gov.au Y1 - 1997/01// PY - 1997 DA - Jan 1997 SP - 75 EP - 83 VL - 3 IS - 1 SN - 1323-3475, 1323-3475 KW - Ceriodaphnia dubia KW - Daphnia magna KW - Fathead minnow KW - Guppy KW - Pimephales promelas KW - Poecilia reticulata KW - Vibrio fischeri KW - quantitative activity-activity relationships KW - Pollution Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Aquatic organisms KW - Pollution effects KW - Toxicity tests KW - Freshwater crustaceans KW - Chemical pollution KW - Ceriodaphnia KW - Narcotics KW - Marine pollution KW - Toxicity testing KW - Q1 08286:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17100158?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.atitle=Inter-species+conversion+equations+for+predicting+the+toxicity+of+non-polar+narcotic+chemicals+to+Ceriodaphnia+cf.+dubia&rft.au=Rose%2C+R+M%3BWarne%2C+MSJ%3BLim%2C+R+P&rft.aulast=Rose&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Australasian+Journal+of+Ecotoxicology&rft.issn=13233475&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aquatic organisms; Marine pollution; Freshwater crustaceans; Pollution effects; Narcotics; Chemical pollution; Toxicity tests; Risk assessment; Toxicity testing; Ceriodaphnia dubia; Poecilia reticulata; Pimephales promelas; Daphnia magna; Vibrio fischeri; Ceriodaphnia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Implementation of natural attenuation at a JP-4 jet fuel release after active remediation AN - 16447837; 4343991 AB - After eighteen months of active remediation at a JP-4 jet-fuel spill, a residual of unremediated hydrocarbon remained. Further site characterization was conducted to evaluate the contribution of natural attenuation to control exposure to hazards associated with the residual contamination in the subsurface. Activities included the detailed characterization of ground-water flow through the spill; the distribution of fuel contaminants in groundwater; and the analysis of soluble electron acceptors moving into the spill from upgradient. These activities allowed a rigorous evaluation of the transport of contaminants from the spill to the receptor of groundwater, the Pasquotank River. The transport of dissolved contaminants of concern, that is benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, xylene isomers (BTEX) and methyl-tertiary-butyl ether (MTBE), into the river from the source area was controlled by equilibrium dissolution from the fuel spill to the adjacent groundwater, diffusion in groundwater from the spill to permeable layers in the aquifer, and advective transport in the permeable layers. The estimated yearly loading of BTEX compounds and MTBE into the receptor was trivial even without considering biological degradation. The biodegradation of hydrocarbon dissolved in groundwater through aerobic respiration, denitrification, sulfate reduction, and iron reduction was estimated from changes in ground-water chemistry along the flow path. The concentrations of target components in permanent monitoring wells continue to decline over time. Long term monitoring will ensure that the plume is under control, and no further active remediation is required. JF - Biodegradation AU - Cho, Jong Soo AU - Wilson, J T AU - DiGiulio, D C AU - Vardy, JA AU - Choi, Woohee AD - US EPA, NRMRL, SPRD, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 265 EP - 273 VL - 8 IS - 4 SN - 0923-9820, 0923-9820 KW - fuels KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16447837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biodegradation&rft.atitle=Implementation+of+natural+attenuation+at+a+JP-4+jet+fuel+release+after+active+remediation&rft.au=Cho%2C+Jong+Soo%3BWilson%2C+J+T%3BDiGiulio%2C+D+C%3BVardy%2C+JA%3BChoi%2C+Woohee&rft.aulast=Cho&rft.aufirst=Jong&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biodegradation&rft.issn=09239820&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sanitizing effects of desiccant-based cooling AN - 15974315; 276842 AB - Desiccant-based cooling systems were examined to determine their sanitizing effects on airborne microorganisms and used as a mechanism to control bioaerosols. The desiccant-based air conditioning (DBAC) system reduced airborne levels of bacteria and fungi in every test. These data also point to the desiccant wheel as the primary source of these reductions, although the causal mechanism has not been identified. It was found that DBAC systems have the ability to remove pollutants from indoor air in the presence of water vapor. JF - ASHRAE Journal AU - Kovak, Brian AU - Heimann, PRichard AU - Hammel, Jay AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 60 EP - 64 PB - ASHRAE, ATLANTA, GA, (USA) VL - 39 IS - 4 SN - 0001-2491, 0001-2491 KW - Aerosols KW - Bacteria KW - Bioaerosols KW - Desiccant based air conditioning (DBAC) systems KW - Dessicant wheel KW - Disease control KW - Fungi KW - Health KW - Humidity control KW - Indoor air pollution KW - Sanitation KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Mechanical Engineering Abstracts (ISMEC) KW - W4 643.3:AIR CONDITIONING KW - EE 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - EE 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - EE 643.3:AIR CONDITIONING KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15974315?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.atitle=Sanitizing+effects+of+desiccant-based+cooling&rft.au=Kovak%2C+Brian%3BHeimann%2C+PRichard%3BHammel%2C+Jay&rft.aulast=Kovak&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASHRAE+Journal&rft.issn=00012491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteria; Aerosols; Sanitation; Fungi; Disease control; Health; Indoor air pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Particle diffusion from developing flows in rough-walled tubes AN - 15952877; 272933 AB - A closed-form solution has been derived which quantitatively describes convective mass transfer in a conduit including wall irregularities and enterance effects. It permits the respective roles of the major diffusional parameters upon deposition to be formulated and examined directly. For testing, the model can be reduced to a limiting case; namely, the particle diffusion problem of Ingham (1991) for idealized (i.e., smooth-walled) short tubes. The mathematical model was used to study inhaled aerosols in the upper airways of the human tracheobronchial tree. We focused on the influences of core acceleration (in the lumen of an airway) and various cartilaginous ring structures (embedded in the surface of an airway). The effects of core flow acceleration on particle diffusion calculations were quite small for in vivo conditions. However, particle diffusion due to cartilaginous rings can be increased up to 32% relative to idealized tubes. The enhancement can be written in terms of the airway surface function expressed as a power of the ring shape aspect ratio h/b where h is the amplitude of the surface wave and b is its wavelength. JF - Aerosol Science & Technology AU - Martonen, Ted AU - Zhang, Zongquin AU - Yang, Yadong AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Training Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1 EP - 11 VL - 26 IS - 1 SN - 0278-6826, 0278-6826 KW - Cartilaginous ring structures KW - Health hazards KW - Human tracheobronchial airways KW - Inhaled aerosols KW - Particles (particulate matter) KW - Rough-walled tubes KW - Tubes (components) KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts KW - Aerosols KW - Diffusion KW - EE 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS KW - EE 641.3:MASS TRANSFER KW - W4 619.1:PIPE, PIPING AND PIPELINES KW - EE 921:APPLIED MATHEMATICS KW - W4 801.3:COLLOID CHEMISTRY KW - EE 801.3:COLLOID CHEMISTRY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - EE 619.1:PIPE, PIPING AND PIPELINES KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 641.3:MASS TRANSFER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15952877?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Particle+diffusion+from+developing+flows+in+rough-walled+tubes&rft.au=Martonen%2C+Ted%3BZhang%2C+Zongquin%3BYang%2C+Yadong&rft.aulast=Martonen&rft.aufirst=Ted&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aerosol+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=02786826&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Aerosols; Diffusion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of models for predicting the phototoxic potency of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons AN - 13632722; 199705477 AB - Lumbriculus variegatus were exposed to anthracene, fluoranthene, fluorene and pyrene for 96 hours followed by a 96 hour holding period in clean water at 3 different UV intensities (75, 33 and 19 uW per cm2). Based upon measured tissue residue concentrations, anthracene and pyrene were almost equitoxic showing increased toxicity with increasing UV intensity. Both were 4 times more toxic than fluoranthene. Fluorene was found to be not phytotoxic which was in agreement with the toxicity predictions of the structure activity relationship model. By plotting mortality as a function of the product of initial tissue residue of PAH and UV light exposure, time dependent lethality of the 3 phototoxic PAH to L. variegatus was accurately modelled. JF - Aquatic Toxicology AU - Ankley, G T AU - Erickson, R J AU - Sheedy, B R AU - Kosian, P A AU - Mattson, V R AU - Cox, J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, Duluth, Minn. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 37 EP - 50 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0166-445X, 0166-445X KW - Anthracene KW - Fluoranthene KW - Fluorene KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Phototoxic KW - Pyrene KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13632722?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+models+for+predicting+the+phototoxic+potency+of+polycyclic+aromatic+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BErickson%2C+R+J%3BSheedy%2C+B+R%3BKosian%2C+P+A%3BMattson%2C+V+R%3BCox%2C+J&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aquatic+Toxicology&rft.issn=0166445X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Photoinduced toxicity of fluoranthene to seven marine benthic crustaceans AN - 13629243; 199802497 AB - Seven marine benthic crustacean species that differed in their exposure to sunlight in nature were exposed to fluoranthene of cadmium chloride for 4 d. The crustaceans were: Rhepoxynius abronius and Eohaustorius estuarius (not exposed to sunlight), Leptocheirus plumulosus, Grandidierella japonica and Corophium insidiosum (occasionally exposed) and Excirolana vancouverensis and Emerita analoga (often exposed). After exposure to the toxicant, mortality (LC50) and the ability to bury in clean sediment (EC50) were determined. The survivors were exposed to UV radiation for 1 h and the differences between LC50 and EC50 before and after UV exposure were used to assess photoinduced toxicity. All species except E. analoga and E. vancouverensis showed an increased sensitivity to fluoranthene when exposed to UV radiation. Sensitivity to photoactivated fluoranthene was inversely related to the potential for exposure to sunlight in nature. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Boese, B L AU - Lamberson, JO AU - Swartz, R C AU - Ozretich, RJ AD - U.S. EPA, Newport, Ore. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 389 EP - 393 VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Crustaceans (see also subdivisions below) KW - Fluoranthene KW - Nature KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13629243?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Photoinduced+toxicity+of+fluoranthene+to+seven+marine+benthic+crustaceans&rft.au=Boese%2C+B+L%3BLamberson%2C+JO%3BSwartz%2C+R+C%3BOzretich%2C+RJ&rft.aulast=Boese&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=389&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of bleached kraft mill process water using Microtox, Ceriodaphnia dubia and Menidia beryllina toxicity tests AN - 13628462; 199802198 AB - The 7- to 10-d embryo toxicity/teratogenicity test with the inland silverside Menidia beryllina was compared with the Microtox 15-min acute toxicity test and the Ceriodaphnia dubia 7-d chronic toxicity test for the evaluation of water samples from 3 areas in a bleached kraft mill using chlorine dioxide bleaching and an aerated stabilization basin (ASB) for biological treatment of effluent. All 3 tests were predictive indicators of toxicity, but C. dubia and M. beryllina were more sensitive indicators of toxicity. No toxic responses were observed in any test at a 1 per cent ASB effluent concentration (equivalent to the effluent concentration in the receiving river). There were no correlations between toxicological responses and effluent levels of adsorbable organic halides, polychlorinated phenolic compounds, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran, total suspended solids, colour, COD or total organic carbon. There are 49 references. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Middaugh, D P AU - Beckham, N AU - Fournie, J W AU - Deardorff, T L AD - U.S. EPA, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 367 EP - 375 VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13628462?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+bleached+kraft+mill+process+water+using+Microtox%2C+Ceriodaphnia+dubia+and+Menidia+beryllina+toxicity+tests&rft.au=Middaugh%2C+D+P%3BBeckham%2C+N%3BFournie%2C+J+W%3BDeardorff%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Middaugh&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyses of fish tissue by vacuum distillation/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry AN - 13626891; 199800730 AB - The analysis of 113 compounds in fish tissue (1 or 10 g aliquots of canned tuna) by vacuum distillation/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry with surrogate-based matrix corrections was investigated. Comparison of vacuum, water and sonication spiking techniques indicated that the vacuum technique was the best, equilibrating all analytes with tissue in less than 3 h and effective with 10 g samples. The sonication technique was good with 1 g samples, but took more than 1000 minutes to equilibrate. The vacuum and sonication spike techniques were used to evaluate 2 surrogate correction models. Application of a model based on the recoveries and octanol-air and water-air partition coefficients of surrogate compounds to vacuum-spiked 10 g samples provided recoveries of 86 per cent for volatile gases, 97 per cent for volatiles, 90 per cent for neutral semivolatiles, 124 per cent for basic semivolatiles and 87 per cent for water-soluble volatiles. Detection limits were sub-ppb for most analytes. Values of octanol-air partition relative volatility for the 113 analytes were determined experimentally. JF - Analytical Chemistry AU - Hiatt, M H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1127 EP - 1134 VL - 69 IS - 6 KW - Analysis KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Modelling (-general-) KW - Tuna fish KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Analyses+of+fish+tissue+by+vacuum+distillation%2Fgas+chromatography%2Fmass+spectrometry&rft.au=Hiatt%2C+M+H&rft.aulast=Hiatt&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Speciation of selenium and arsenic compounds by capillary electrophoresis with hydrodynamically modified electroosmotic flow and on-line reduction of selenium(VI) to selenium(IV) with hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection AN - 13626046; 199803249 AB - An on-line capillary electrophoresis-hydride generation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry system was used to determine 4 arsenic species and 2 selenium species (selenium(IV) and selenium(VI)) in water. On-line reduction of selenium(VI) to selenium(IV) was achieved by mixing the capillary electrophoresis effluent with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The potential of the hydrochloric acid reductant to produce interferants (such as arsenic-40 chloride-35 and arsenic-40 chloride-37) was eliminated by passing the hydrides through a membrane gas-liquid separator. Use of hydrodynamic pressure to reverse the direction of electroosmotic flow permitted control of elution times, thereby increasing choice of buffer; the buffer chosen was potassium hydrogenphthalate-20 mM boric acid (pH 9.03). The method detection limits for selenium(IV) and selenium(VI), based on 7 replicate injections, were 10 and 24 pg, respectively. Average recoveries of selenium(IV) and selenium(VI) from 3 fortified drinking waters were 86-100 per cent and 86-97 per cent, respectively. The ability of the system to determine arsenic and selenium species simultaneously was demonstrated. There are 34 references. JF - Analyst (London) AU - Magnuson, M L AU - Creed, J T AU - Brockhoff, CA AD - U.S. EPA, Cincinnati, Ohio Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1057 EP - 1061 VL - 122 IS - 10 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - Online KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13626046?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Speciation+of+selenium+and+arsenic+compounds+by+capillary+electrophoresis+with+hydrodynamically+modified+electroosmotic+flow+and+on-line+reduction+of+selenium%28VI%29+to+selenium%28IV%29+with+hydride+generation+inductively+coupled+plasma+mass+spectrometric+detection&rft.au=Magnuson%2C+M+L%3BCreed%2C+J+T%3BBrockhoff%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Magnuson&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1057&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and chronic toxicity of azinphos-methyl to two estuarine species, Mysidopsis bahia and Cyprinodon variegatus AN - 13625156; 199802474 AB - The 96-h acute and chronic toxicity of azinphos-methyl to mysids (Mysidopsis bahia) and sheepshead minnows (Cyprinodon variegatus) was determined. For M. bahia, the 96-h LC50 value was 0.29 ug per litre. The no observed effect concentration (NOEC) for mortality in the chronic toxicity test was 0.097 ug per litre. The maximal acceptable toxicant concentration (MATC) for mysid survival following 26-d exposure to azinphos-methyl was 0.13 ug per litre. The NOEC for non-lethal effects (reproduction) was 0.02 ug per litre. The MATC for reproduction effects was 0.024 ug per litre. For C. variegatus, the 96-h LC50 value was 2.0 ug per litre. In the chronic test, no fish survived exposure to 1.2 and 2.3 ug per litre for 28 d. The lowest observed effect concentration for survival was 0.34 ug per litre and the NOEC was 0.17 ug per litre. The MATC was 0.24 ug per litre for both lethal and non-lethal endpoints. The azinphos-methyl acute-to-chronic ratios for M. bahia and C. variegatus were 12 and 8.3, respectively. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Morton, M G AU - Mayer, F L AU - Dickson, K L AU - Waller, W T AU - Moore, J C AD - U.S. EPA, Dallas, Tex. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 436 EP - 441 VL - 32 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Fish (see also individual groups listed below) KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13625156?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+and+chronic+toxicity+of+azinphos-methyl+to+two+estuarine+species%2C+Mysidopsis+bahia+and+Cyprinodon+variegatus&rft.au=Morton%2C+M+G%3BMayer%2C+F+L%3BDickson%2C+K+L%3BWaller%2C+W+T%3BMoore%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Morton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=436&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Salinity tolerance of Daphnia magna and potential use for estuarine sediment toxicity tests AN - 13623559; 199803222 AB - Acute and chronic tolerance of Daphnia magna to salinity and its suitability for tests with estuarine water and sediments was determined. Variability in species age, test length and temperature did not significantly effect LC50, NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) or LOAEL (lowest observed adverse effect level) values. The mean LC50 for all of the tests at 2, 7 and 21 d was 6.6 g per litre. The mean NOAEL value based on survival and number of young produced was 5.9 and 4.6 g per litre, respectively, and the corresponding LOAEL was 8.5 and 6.9 g per litre, respectively. D. magna could survive and reproduce in tests where freshwater sediment is overlain by salt water (salinity below 4 g per litre) and where estuarine sediment is overlain by freshwater. D. magna could be valuable in monitoring sediment toxicity from sites upstream in a river to down through an estuary. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Stutzman, T W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Ore. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 194 EP - 198 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13623559?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Salinity+tolerance+of+Daphnia+magna+and+potential+use+for+estuarine+sediment+toxicity+tests&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BStutzman%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Detection of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid using a fluorescence immunoanalyser AN - 13622312; 199803269 AB - Competitive flow fluorescence immunoassay methods for the determination of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were developed using a KinExA immunoanalyser with antibody- or antigen-coated poly(methyl methacrylate) particles as a renewable solid phase. The dynamic range was 10 ug per litre to 10 mg per litre using a polyclonal antibody-coated bead format, 2 ug per litre to 20 mg per litre using polyclonal antibody in the antigen-coated bead format and 0.1 to 100 ug per litre using monoclonal antibody in the antigen-coated bead format. The antibody-coated bead format was applied to the determination of 2,4-D in spiked river and well water samples and a buffer control. The response for river water was slightly lower than those for the buffer and well water matrices, possibly due to interference from humic substances. The relative errors for the environmental matrices were similar to those for the buffer control. The method showed cross-reactivity with several structurally-related compounds but not with structurally-unrelated compounds. JF - Analyst (London) AU - Rogers, K R AU - Kohl, S D AU - Riddick, LA AU - Glass, T AD - U.S. EPA, Las Vegas, Nev. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 1107 EP - 1111 VL - 122 IS - 10 SN - 0003-2654, 0003-2654 KW - 2,4-d KW - Bead KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00003:Monitoring and Analysis of Water and Wastes UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13622312?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.atitle=Detection+of+2%2C4-dichlorophenoxyacetic+acid+using+a+fluorescence+immunoanalyser&rft.au=Rogers%2C+K+R%3BKohl%2C+S+D%3BRiddick%2C+LA%3BGlass%2C+T&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analyst+%28London%29&rft.issn=00032654&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity of three carrier solvents using embryos of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio AN - 13619471; 199803475 AB - Grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, embryos were used in 2 assays to determine the development toxicity of 3 carrier solvents: ethanol (EtOH); dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO); and acetone. The 4 d assay used embryos at the tissue cap stage (3 d after oviposition) and examined mortality and hatching after the test period. The 12 d assay measured survival and development end points (abnormalities of the eye, yolk, heart, head, hepatopancreas and telson) in tissue cap stage embryos through 2 d post-hatch for the test period. Mean LC50 determined using the 4 d assay were 12.07, 22.57 and 6.78 g per litre for EtOH, DMSO and acetone, respectively. Mean LC50 determined using the 12 d assay were 3.63, 12.33 and 6.94 g per litre for EtOH, DMSO and acetone, respectively. Coefficients of variation for LC50 values ranged from 3.4-25.2 per cent. Based on concentration response curves, the chemicals tested may be used as carrier solvents in P. pugio assays at levels below 1, 6 and 4 g per litre for EtOH, DMSO and acetone, respectively. JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Rayburn, J R AU - Fisher, W S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Gulf Breeze, Fla. Y1 - 1997 PY - 1997 DA - 1997 SP - 217 EP - 221 VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - Dimethylsulfoxide KW - Dimethylsulphoxide KW - Hepatopancreas KW - Aqualine Abstracts KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/13619471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+of+three+carrier+solvents+using+embryos+of+the+grass+shrimp%2C+Palaemonetes+pugio&rft.au=Rayburn%2C+J+R%3BFisher%2C+W+S&rft.aulast=Rayburn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=217&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2000-09-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Publication focus: Experimental. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-12 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory implications: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. AN - 78649333; 8993578 JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Fenner-Crisp, P A AD - Office of Pesticide Programs (7501C), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D. C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/12/27/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Dec 27 SP - 636 EP - 640 VL - 804 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Trichloroethylene KW - 290YE8AR51 KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Liver Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Microbodies -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78649333?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Regulatory+implications%3A+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency.&rft.au=Fenner-Crisp%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Fenner-Crisp&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-12-27&rft.volume=804&rft.issue=&rft.spage=636&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of influenza virus infection on ovalbumin-specific IgE responses to inhaled antigen in the rat. AN - 78634901; 8977628 AB - Upper respiratory tract viral infections have been reported in clinical studies to serve as risk factors for allergic sensitization. In order to study the relationship linking influenza virus illnesses to development of allergy, murine models of allergen sensitization were previously employed. These models showed that lethal influenza viruses were able to trigger allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) production and to inhibit tolerance to repeated exposure to aerosolized allergen in the mouse. The disadvantage of these murine models consists in the utilization of virulant and lethal strains of influenza virus. A nonlethal rat-adapted influenza virus (RAIV) host resistance model has been developed in our laboratory. It was used to evaluate the effect of influenza virus infection on IgE responses to inhaled ovalbumin (OA) in the rat. The high IgE-responder Brown-Norway (BN) rat was chosen for further study after comparing the IgE response to OA in Fischer 344 (F344) and BN rats. On d 1, BN rats were sensitized by administration of 1 mg OA subcutaneously alone or together with aluminum hydroxide (200 mg) and Bordetella pertussis (15 x 10(9) killed bacilli per rat in 1 ml), or only received saline. Rats were either infected with RAIV or sham-infected on d 0 (24 h prior to sensitization) or on d 15, 17, or 57. Rats were exposed for 3 min to aerosolized OA (OA 3% in phosphate-buffered saline) every week, starting on d 18. Serum OA-specific IgE was evaluated by reverse enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) 3 d after each OA challenge. BN rats elicited a detectable OA-specific IgE response that decreased after repeated aerosol exposures. Influenza virus infection transiently increased the OA-specific IgE response when rats were immunized with OA alone and were infected 1 d prior to the first challenge and also when rats received only saline on d 1, were exposed each week to aerosolized OA, and were infected prior to the seventh challenge. These results, with data previously reported in mice, emphasize the importance of upper respiratory tract viral infection in increasing IgE responses to allergens and may be of importance in human disease. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Lebrec, H AU - Sarlo, K AU - Burleson, G R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/12/27/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Dec 27 SP - 619 EP - 630 VL - 49 IS - 6 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Aerosols KW - 0 KW - Immunoglobulin E KW - 37341-29-0 KW - Ovalbumin KW - 9006-59-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Virus Replication KW - Animals KW - Viral Plaque Assay KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections -- physiopathology KW - Rats, Inbred BN KW - Rats KW - Hypersensitivity -- immunology KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Risk Factors KW - Injections, Subcutaneous KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Female KW - Ovalbumin -- toxicity KW - Ovalbumin -- administration & dosage KW - Immunoglobulin E -- biosynthesis KW - Orthomyxoviridae -- pathogenicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78634901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Effect+of+influenza+virus+infection+on+ovalbumin-specific+IgE+responses+to+inhaled+antigen+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Lebrec%2C+H%3BSarlo%2C+K%3BBurleson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=Lebrec&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-12-27&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=619&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-21 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The carcinogenicity of dichloroacetic acid in the male Fischer 344 rat. AN - 78636766; 8980710 AB - The chlorinated acetic acids, in particular dichloroacetic acid (DCA), are found as chlorine disinfection by-products in finished drinking water supplies. DCA has previously been demonstrated to be a mouse liver carcinogen. Chronic studies are described in which male Fischer (F344) rats were exposed to DCA in their drinking water. In the first study, 28 day old rats were exposed to a regimen of 0.05, 0.5 and 5.0 g/l DCA. When animals in the high dose group began to exhibit peripheral hind leg neuropathy, the dose was lowered in stages to 1 g/l. These animals were sacrificed at 60 weeks due to the severe, irreversible neuropathy and were not included in this analysis. The remaining groups of animals were treated for 100 weeks. In the second study, rats were initially exposed to 2.5 g/l DCA which was lowered to 1 g/l after 18 weeks. The mean daily concentration (MDC) of 1.6 g/l was calculated over the 103 week exposure period. Time-weighted mean daily doses (MDD) based on measured water consumption were 3.6, 40.2 and 139 mg/kg bw/day for the 0.05, 0.5 and 1.6 g/l DCA respectively. Based upon the pathologic examination, DCA induced observable signs of toxicity in the nervous system, liver and myocardium. However, treatment related neoplastic lesions were observed only in the liver. A statistically significant increase of carcinogenicity (hepatocellular carcinoma) was noted at 1.6 g/l DCA. Exposure to 0.5 g/l DCA increased-hepatocellular neoplasia, (carcinoma and adenoma) at 100 weeks. These data demonstrate that DCA is an hepatocarcinogen to the male F344 rat. Calculation of the MDD at which 50% of the animals exhibited liver neoplasia indicated that the F344 male rat (approximately 10 mg/kg bw/day) is ten times more sensitive than the B6C3F1 male mouse (approximately 100 mg/kg bw/day). A "no observed effects level' (NOEL) of 0.05 g/l (3.6 mg/kg/day) was the same as for the mouse (3-8 mg/kg/day). JF - Toxicology AU - DeAngelo, A B AU - Daniel, F B AU - Most, B M AU - Olson, G R AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/12/18/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Dec 18 SP - 207 EP - 221 VL - 114 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Palmitoyl Coenzyme A KW - 1763-10-6 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Mitotic Index -- drug effects KW - Water Supply KW - Liver Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Palmitoyl Coenzyme A -- drug effects KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Palmitoyl Coenzyme A -- biosynthesis KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- administration & dosage KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78636766?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=The+carcinogenicity+of+dichloroacetic+acid+in+the+male+Fischer+344+rat.&rft.au=DeAngelo%2C+A+B%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BMost%2C+B+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R&rft.aulast=DeAngelo&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-12-18&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-23 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disruption of inositol phosphate accumulation in cerebellar granule cells by polychlorinated biphenyls: a consequence of altered Ca2+ homeostasis. AN - 78685545; 8975770 AB - The present study examined the activation of protein kinase C (PKC) and disruption of Ca2+ homeostasis as potential mechanisms underlying effects of the polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl (DCB) on inositol phosphate (IP) signaling in cerebellar granule cells. DCB (100 microM) increased basal IP accumulation in cerebellar granule cells when the extracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]e) was 0.75 mM but not when [Ca2+]e was 1 microM. Ionomycin (0.1 to 30 microM), a Ca2+ ionophore, also increased basal IP accumulation and [Ca2+]i in a concentration-dependent manner in cerebellar granule cells in the absence of DCB; increases in basal IP accumulation induced by 100 microM DCB were not additive with ionomycin. Ionomycin also disrupted carbachol (CARB, 1 mM)-stimulated IP accumulation. A 30-min preincubation with 0.3 or 1.0 microM ionomycin decreased CARB-stimulated IP accumulation, whereas simultaneous addition of 1.0 and 10 microM ionomycin with CARB increased and decreased, respectively, IP accumulation. DCB caused concentration-dependent increases in intracellular free Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) in cerebellar granule cells under experimental conditions identical to those used to measure IP accumulation. Following a one-half hour exposure to DMSO, 50 or 100 microM DCB, the [Ca2+]i was 36, 103, and 453 nM, respectively. We examined whether direct or indirect activation of PKC underlies DCB-induced inhibition of agonist-stimulated IP accumulation. DCB (100 microM) did not alter PKC activity in cytosolic or membrane fractions of granule cell homogenates. In intact cells, 50 nM phorbol 12-myristate, 13-acetate (PMA) inhibited CARB-stimulated IP accumulation by 80%, an effect which was blocked completely by the PKC inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide (2 microM; BIM). However, inhibition of CARB-stimulated IP accumulation (90%) induced by 100 microM DCB was not relieved by BIM. These results suggest that (1) perturbations of Ca2+ homeostasis may underlie DCB effects on IP accumulation, (2) at a time which corresponds to addition of agonists in IP accumulation assays, [Ca2+]i is elevated in cerebellar granule cells exposed to DCB, and (3) activation of PKC is not a mechanism by which DCB inhibits agonist-stimulated IP accumulation. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Shafer, T J AU - Mundy, W R AU - Tilson, H A AU - Kodavanti, P R AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 448 EP - 455 VL - 141 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Inositol Phosphates KW - 0 KW - 2,2'-dichlorobiphenyl KW - 1433W7U14D KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Protein Kinase C KW - EC 2.7.11.13 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Protein Kinase C -- physiology KW - Homeostasis -- drug effects KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Inositol Phosphates -- metabolism KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78685545?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Disruption+of+inositol+phosphate+accumulation+in+cerebellar+granule+cells+by+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3A+a+consequence+of+altered+Ca2%2B+homeostasis.&rft.au=Shafer%2C+T+J%3BMundy%2C+W+R%3BTilson%2C+H+A%3BKodavanti%2C+P+R&rft.aulast=Shafer&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Texas+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00404403&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-06 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic inhalation toxicity and carcinogenicity testing of respirable fibrous particles. Workshop report. AN - 78635421; 8975745 AB - On May 8-10, 1995, a workshop on chronic inhalation toxicity and carcinogenicity testing of respirable fibrous particles was held in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The workshop was sponsored by the Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), in collaboration with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The goal of the workshop was to obtain input from the scientific community on a number of issues related to fiber testing. Major issues for discussion were: (i) the optimal design and conduct of studies of the health effects of chronic inhalation exposure of animals to fibers; (ii) preliminary studies which would be useful guides in designing the chronic exposure study; (iii) mechanistic studies which would be important adjuncts to the chronic exposure study to enable better interpretation of study results and extrapolation of potential effects in exposed humans; and (iv) available screening tests which can be used to develop a minimum data set for (a) making decisions about the potential health hazard of the fibers and (b) prioritizing the need for further testing in a chronic inhalation study. After extensive discussion and debate of the workshop issues, the general consensus of the expert panel is that chronic inhalation studies of fibers in the rat are the most appropriate tests for predicting inhalation hazard and risk of fibers to humans. A number of guidances specific for the design and conduct of prechronic and chronic inhalation studies of fibers in rodents were recommended. For instance, it was recommended that along with other information (decrease in body weight, systemic toxicity, etc.), data should be obtained on lung burdens and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid analysis to assist in establishing the chronic exposure levels. Lung burden data are also important for quantifying aspects of risk assessment related to dosimetric adjustments before extrapolation. Although mechanistic studies are not recommended as part of the standard chronic inhalation studies, the expert panel stressed the need for obtaining mechanistic information as far as possible during the course of subchronic or chronic inhalation studies. At present, no single assay and battery of short-term assays can predict the outcome of a chronic inhalation bioassay with respect to carcinogenic effects. Meanwhile, several short-term in vitro and in vivo studies that may be useful to assess the relative potential of fibrous substances to cause lung toxicity/carcinogenicity have been identified. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Vu, V AU - Barrett, J C AU - Roycroft, J AU - Schuman, L AU - Dankovic, D AU - Bbaro, P AU - Martonen, T AU - Pepelko, W AU - Lai, D AD - Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics (7403), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 202 EP - 212 VL - 24 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Dust KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Government Agencies KW - Health Planning Guidelines KW - Research Design -- standards KW - Chronic Disease KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- physiopathology KW - Dust -- adverse effects KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78635421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=Chronic+inhalation+toxicity+and+carcinogenicity+testing+of+respirable+fibrous+particles.+Workshop+report.&rft.au=Vu%2C+V%3BBarrett%2C+J+C%3BRoycroft%2C+J%3BSchuman%2C+L%3BDankovic%2C+D%3BBbaro%2C+P%3BMartonen%2C+T%3BPepelko%2C+W%3BLai%2C+D&rft.aulast=Vu&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=202&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ligand-based identification of environmental estrogens. AN - 78597885; 8951225 AB - Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) paradigm, was used to examine the estrogen receptor (ER) binding affinities of a series of structurally diverse natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals of interest. The CoMFA/3D-QSAR model is statistically robust and internally consistent, and successfully illustrates that the overall steric and electrostatic properties of structurally diverse ligands for the estrogen receptor are both necessary and sufficient to describe the binding affinity. The ability of the model to accurately predict the ER binding affinity of an external test set of molecules suggests that structure-based 3D-QSAR models may be used to supplement the process of endocrine disruptor identification through prioritization of novel compounds for bioassay. The general application of this 3D-QSAR model within a toxicological framework is, at present, limited only by the quantity and quality of biological data for relevant biomarkers of toxicity and hormonal responsiveness. JF - Chemical research in toxicology AU - Waller, C L AU - Oprea, T I AU - Chae, K AU - Park, H K AU - Korach, K S AU - Laws, S C AU - Wiese, T E AU - Kelce, W R AU - Gray, L E AD - Experimental Toxicology Divisions, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. waller@thor.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 1240 EP - 1248 VL - 9 IS - 8 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - Estrogens KW - 0 KW - Ligands KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Index Medicus KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Models, Molecular KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Mice KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Molecular Conformation KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Estrogens -- metabolism KW - Estrogens -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78597885?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.atitle=Ligand-based+identification+of+environmental+estrogens.&rft.au=Waller%2C+C+L%3BOprea%2C+T+I%3BChae%2C+K%3BPark%2C+H+K%3BKorach%2C+K+S%3BLaws%2C+S+C%3BWiese%2C+T+E%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BGray%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1240&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+research+in+toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Morphology of lead(II) and chromium(III) reaction products on phyllosilicate surfaces as determined by atomic force microscopy AN - 52722670; 1997-038550 AB - Redox and acid-base reactions play important roles in the fate of metal contaminants in soils and sediments. The presence of significant amounts of Cr, Pb and other toxic heavy metals in contaminated soils and sediments is of great environmental concern. Oxidation states and dissolution characteristics of the heavy metals can exert negative effects on the natural environment. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to follow the changes in morphology and structure of reaction products of Cr and Pb formed on mineral surfaces. Nitrate salts of Cr(III) and Pb(II) were used to replace the native exchangeable cations on muscovite and smectite surfaces and the metal-mineral systems were then reacted at different pH's and redox conditions. For Pb, aggregate morphological forms were found at pH 6.1 and 12.4. At pH 6.1, the mean roughness value was 0.70 nm, and at pH 12.4 it was 5.30 nm. The fractal dimensions were 2.03 at pH 6.1 and 2.05 at pH 12.4. For Cr(III), both layered and aggregate morphological forms were found at pH 6.8 and 10.8. The mean roughness values were 0.90 nm at pH 6.8 and 4.3 nm at pH 10.8. Fractal dimensions for both were 2.00. The effect of redox conditions on morphological characteristics was studied on a smectite substrate. The reduced clays were more compacted than oxidized ones and the reduced clay could reduce Cr(VI) to Cr(III), forming new minerals on the surfaces. A geochemical equilibrium model, MINTEQA2, was used to simulate the experimental conditions and predict possible reaction products. Simulation results agreed well with data from experiments, providing evidence that modeling can provide a useful "reality check" for such studies. Together, MINTEQA2 and AFM can provide important information for evaluating the morphologies and chemical reactivities of metal reaction products formed on phyllosilicate surfaces under varying environmental conditions. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Gan, Huamin AU - Bailey, George W AU - Yu, Y Shane Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 734 EP - 743 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 44 IS - 6 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - processes KW - experimental studies KW - muscovite KW - clay mineralogy KW - data processing KW - atomic force microscopy KW - smectite KW - lead KW - MINTEQA2 KW - clay minerals KW - morphology KW - atomic force microscopy data KW - chemical reactions KW - phase equilibria KW - mica group KW - metals KW - digital simulation KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - chromium KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52722670?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Morphology+of+lead%28II%29+and+chromium%28III%29+reaction+products+on+phyllosilicate+surfaces+as+determined+by+atomic+force+microscopy&rft.au=Gan%2C+Huamin%3BBailey%2C+George+W%3BYu%2C+Y+Shane&rft.aulast=Gan&rft.aufirst=Huamin&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=734&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - atomic force microscopy; atomic force microscopy data; chemical properties; chemical reactions; chromium; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; data processing; digital simulation; experimental studies; geochemistry; lead; metals; mica group; MINTEQA2; morphology; muscovite; pH; phase equilibria; processes; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adverse health effects due to soil and water acidification; a Swedish research program AN - 52716528; 1997-037296 JF - Ambio AU - Oskarsson, Agneta AU - Nordberg, Gunnar AU - Block, Mats AU - Rasmussen, Finn AU - Petterson, Rolf AU - Skerfving, Staffan AU - Vahter, Marie AU - Glynn, Anders Wicklund AU - Oborn, Ingrid AU - Heikensten, Marie-Louise AU - Thuvander, Ann Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 527 EP - 531 PB - Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, Stockholm VL - 25 IS - 8 SN - 0044-7447, 0044-7447 KW - water quality KW - selenium KW - medical geology KW - Europe KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - drinking water KW - cadmium KW - acidic composition KW - trace elements KW - mobility KW - fallout KW - rain KW - soils KW - programs KW - toxic materials KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - research KW - acid rain KW - Scandinavia KW - metals KW - acidification KW - Sweden KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52716528?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ambio&rft.atitle=Adverse+health+effects+due+to+soil+and+water+acidification%3B+a+Swedish+research+program&rft.au=Oskarsson%2C+Agneta%3BNordberg%2C+Gunnar%3BBlock%2C+Mats%3BRasmussen%2C+Finn%3BPetterson%2C+Rolf%3BSkerfving%2C+Staffan%3BVahter%2C+Marie%3BGlynn%2C+Anders+Wicklund%3BOborn%2C+Ingrid%3BHeikensten%2C+Marie-Louise%3BThuvander%2C+Ann&rft.aulast=Oskarsson&rft.aufirst=Agneta&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=527&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ambio&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 45 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AMBOCX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid rain; acidic composition; acidification; atmospheric precipitation; cadmium; drinking water; Europe; fallout; medical geology; metals; mobility; pollutants; pollution; programs; rain; research; Scandinavia; selenium; soils; surface water; Sweden; toxic materials; trace elements; water quality; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sodium-copper exchange on Wyoming montmorillonite in chloride, perchlorate, nitrate, and sulfate solutions AN - 52610459; 1998-030633 JF - Soil Science Society of America Journal AU - Zhang, Z Z AU - Sparks, D L Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - December 1996 SP - 1750 EP - 1757 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 60 IS - 6 SN - 0361-5995, 0361-5995 KW - United States KW - silicates KW - copper KW - sodium ion KW - halogens KW - anion exchange KW - aqueous solutions KW - copper ion KW - chemical reactions KW - chloride ion KW - nitrate ion KW - geochemistry KW - montmorillonite KW - soils KW - chlorine KW - anions KW - sulfate ion KW - cation exchange capacity KW - alkali metals KW - electrolytes KW - sodium KW - perchlorate KW - clay minerals KW - Wyoming KW - metals KW - sheet silicates KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52610459?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.atitle=Sodium-copper+exchange+on+Wyoming+montmorillonite+in+chloride%2C+perchlorate%2C+nitrate%2C+and+sulfate+solutions&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Z+Z%3BSparks%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Z&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=1750&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science+Society+of+America+Journal&rft.issn=03615995&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Del. Agric. Exp. Stn. Misc. Paper Contrib. No. 1601 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SSSJD4 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; anion exchange; anions; aqueous solutions; cation exchange capacity; chemical reactions; chloride ion; chlorine; clay minerals; copper; copper ion; electrolytes; geochemistry; halogens; metals; montmorillonite; nitrate ion; perchlorate; sheet silicates; silicates; sodium; sodium ion; soils; sulfate ion; United States; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental exposure to benzene: an update. AN - 21245178; 7716584 AB - During the 1990s, several large-scale studies of benzene concentrations in air, food, and blood have added to our knowledge of its environmental occurrence. In general, the new studies have confirmed the earlier findings of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Total Exposure Assessment Methodology (TEAM) studies and other large-scale studies in Germany and the Netherlands concerning the levels of exposure and major sources. For example, the new studies found that personal exposures exceeded indoor concentrations of benzene, which in turn exceeded outdoor concentrations. The new studies of food concentrations have confirmed earlier indications that food is not an important pathway for benzene exposure. The results of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on blood levels in a nationwide sample of 883 persons are in good agreement with the concentrations in exhaled breath measured in about 800 persons a decade earlier in the TEAM studies. Major sources of exposure continue to be active and passive smoking, auto exhaust, and driving or riding in automobiles. New methods in breath and blood sampling and analysis offer opportunities to investigate short-term peak exposures and resulting body burden under almost any conceivable field conditions. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wallace, L AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Reston, Virginia., wallace.lance@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 1129 EP - 1136 PB - US Government Printing Office, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954 VL - 104 IS - Suppl 6 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - Motor vehicles KW - Nutrition KW - Benzene KW - Blood levels KW - EPA KW - USA KW - Passive smoking KW - body burden KW - Automotive exhaust emissions KW - Germany KW - Netherlands KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/21245178?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Environmental+exposure+to+benzene%3A+an+update.&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=Suppl+6&rft.spage=1129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-02-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Netherlands; USA; Germany; Benzene; Blood levels; Nutrition; EPA; Motor vehicles; body burden; Automotive exhaust emissions; Passive smoking ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Persistence in soil of transgenic plant produced Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki delta -endotoxin AN - 16086228; 4111978 AB - Transgenic plants that produce pesticidal proteins will release these proteins into the soil when these plants are incorporated into the soil by tillage or as leaf litter. Little is known about the fate and persistence of transgenic plant pesticidal products in the soil. We used a model system of transgenic cotton that produces Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki delta -endotoxin (Btk toxin) to evaluate the persistence of transgenic pesticides in soil. Purified Btk toxin or transgenic cotton leaves containing Btk toxin were added to soil in five different microcosm experiments in concentrations ranging from 1 to 1600 ng Btk toxin/g soil. The concentration of the extractable Btk toxin was measured for up to 140 days. An initial rapid decline in extractable toxin concentration in the first 14 days, followed by a slower decline, was observed in four of the five experiments. At the end of the experiments, Btk toxin from transgenic plant tissue was undetectable (less than 0.1% of starting concentration) in two of the microcosm experiments and at 3, 16, and 35% of the original amounts in the other experiments. In addition, experiments using gamma -irradiated sterilized soil indicated that the observed decline in extractable toxin concentration was due largely to biotic degradation rather than to physical adsorption by the soil. JF - Canadian Journal of Microbiology/Revue Canadienne de Microbiologie AU - Palm, C J AU - Schaller, D L AU - Donegan, K K AU - Seidler, R J AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Western Ecology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 1258 EP - 1262 VL - 42 IS - 12 SN - 0008-4166, 0008-4166 KW - delta -endotoxin KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - biological control KW - transgenic plants KW - Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki KW - soil KW - A 01014:Others KW - W2 32445:Pest control KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16086228?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Microbiologie&rft.atitle=Persistence+in+soil+of+transgenic+plant+produced+Bacillus+thuringiensis+var.+kurstaki+delta+-endotoxin&rft.au=Palm%2C+C+J%3BSchaller%2C+D+L%3BDonegan%2C+K+K%3BSeidler%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Palm&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=42&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1258&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Canadian+Journal+of+Microbiology%2FRevue+Canadienne+de+Microbiologie&rft.issn=00084166&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biological control; transgenic plants; soil; Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A QSAR evaluation of Ah receptor binding of halogenated aromatic xenobiotics AN - 15934367; 4046696 AB - Because of their widespread occurrence and substantial biological activity, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) comprise one of the more important classes of contaminants in the environment. Some chemicals in this class cause adverse biological effects after binding to an intracellular cytosolic protein called the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Toxic responses such as thymic atrophy, weight loss, immunotoxicity, and acute lethality, as well as induction of cytochrome P4501A1, have been correlated with the relative affinity of PCBs, PCDFs, and PCDDs for the AhR. Therefore, an important step in predicting the effects of these chemicals is the estimation of their binding to the receptor. To date, however, the use of quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) models to estimate binding affinity across multiple chemical classes has shown only modest success possibly due, in part, to a focus on minimum energy chemical structures as the active molecules. In this study, we evaluated the use of structural conformations other than those of minimum energy for the purpose of developing a model for AhR binding affinity that encompasses more of the halogenated aromatic chemicals known to interact with the receptor. Resultant QSAR models were robust, showing good utility across multiple classes of halogenated aromatic compounds. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Mekenyan, O G AU - Veith, G D AU - Call, D J AU - Ankley, G T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Mid-Continent Ecology Division, 6201 Congdon Boulevard, Duluth, MN 55804 USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 1302 EP - 1310 VL - 104 IS - 12 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - structure-activity relationship KW - PCB KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - polychlorinated dibenzo(p)dioxins KW - Ah receptors KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - xenobiotics KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15934367?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=A+QSAR+evaluation+of+Ah+receptor+binding+of+halogenated+aromatic+xenobiotics&rft.au=Mekenyan%2C+O+G%3BVeith%2C+G+D%3BCall%2C+D+J%3BAnkley%2C+G+T&rft.aulast=Mekenyan&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=1302&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - halogenated hydrocarbons; xenobiotics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Dose-response relationship for rat liver DNA damage caused by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine AN - 15931244; 4046697 AB - An experimental approach was taken to the question of dose-response curves for chemical carcinogenesis, using DNA damage as a biomarker. Female rats were given 13 different doses of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (from 1.4 to 135 000 mu g/kg) and the subsequent hepatic DNA damage was determined by the alkaline elution technique. DMH doses below 450 mu g/kg did not significantly damage DNA; all DMH doses of 1000 mu g/kg or higher damaged rat hepatic DNA (P < 0.05). In this study the x values (dose) ranged over five orders of magnitude and the y values (DNA damage) ranged 30-fold. Ten different regression models (linear, quadratic, cubic, power, and six nonlinear transition models) were compared in their ability to fit the experimental data. With respect to log transformed dose, the six nonlinear transition equations fit the data considerably better than the four power type of equations. A sigmoid model fit to the log transformed dose of 1,2-dimethlyhydrazine had an r super(2) of 0.9979, a degree of freedom adjusted r super(2) of 0.9969, a F-statistic of 1,457, and a fit standard error of 0.50. With respect to untransformed dose, only three equations (sigmoid, cascade and gaussian cumulative) could creditably fit the DMH data. The experimental results are interpreted with respect to hormesis, use of log transformed dose, sigmoid dose-response models, thresholds of biological response and cancer risk assessment. JF - Toxicology AU - Kitchin, K T AU - Brown, J L AD - Biochemistry and Pathobiology Branch, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 113 EP - 124 VL - 114 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - dose-response effects KW - rats KW - 1,2-dimethylhydrazine KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA damage KW - liver KW - N 14630:Chemical reactions & interactions, including effects of radiation KW - X 24155:Biochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15931244?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Dose-response+relationship+for+rat+liver+DNA+damage+caused+by+1%2C2-dimethylhydrazine&rft.au=Kitchin%2C+K+T%3BBrown%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Kitchin&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA damage; liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stimulation of human and rat alveolar macrophages by urban air particulates: Effects on oxidant radical generation and cytokine production AN - 15892936; 4038788 AB - A number of epidemiological studies have associated increased cardiopulmonary mortality and hospital admissions with episodes of high particulate air pollution. Inhaled particles, with a mass median aerodynamic diameter 167 mu g/ml were also cytotoxic. Subcytotoxic concentrations of OFA induced a strong immediate chemiluminescence response by AM. A small but significant chemiluminescence response was induced by two out of three UAP tested, while no chemiluminescence was generated in response to DD. The magnitude of particle-induced chemiluminescence was not predictive of a cytokine response by either human or rat AM. TNF and IL-6 production was strongly induced by UAP over a range of noncytotoxic concentrations of particles. OFA induced only small amounts of TNF in a subset of human AM preparations, but not in rat AM. The AM cytokine response to UAP was partly inhibitable by polymyxin B, but not by the iron chelator deferoxamine, indicating that endotoxins but not transitional iron were cytokine-inducing moieties in the tested UAP preparations. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Becker, S AU - Soukup, J M AU - Gilmour, MI AU - Devlin, R B AD - EPA, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 637 EP - 648 VL - 141 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - man KW - rats KW - macrophages KW - airborne particulates KW - free radicals KW - cytokines KW - urban environments KW - particulate pollution KW - interleukin 6 KW - tumor necrosis factor KW - urban areas KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - air pollution KW - pollution effects KW - public health KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15892936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Stimulation+of+human+and+rat+alveolar+macrophages+by+urban+air+particulates%3A+Effects+on+oxidant+radical+generation+and+cytokine+production&rft.au=Becker%2C+S%3BSoukup%2C+J+M%3BGilmour%2C+MI%3BDevlin%2C+R+B&rft.aulast=Becker&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=637&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - air pollution; public health; pollution effects; urban areas; macrophages; airborne particulates; free radicals; urban environments; particulate pollution; interleukin 6 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subcellular localization of TCDD differs between the liver, lungs, and kidneys after acute and subchronic exposure: Species/dose comparisons and possible mechanism AN - 15834908; 4007866 AB - Subcellular localization of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related compounds has been examined only in the liver. The objective of this study was (1) to examine and compare the subcellular distribution of TCDD within hepatic and nonhepatic (lungs/kidneys) tissues of female Sprague-Dawley rats acutely exposed to TCDD, (2) to analyze species comparisons in the subcellular localization of TCDD in multiple tissues, (3) to investigate the effect of dose on subcellular distribution of TCDD, (4) to analyze the effect of subchronic exposure on the subcellular distribution of TCDD, and (5) to examine one possible mechanism for subcellular localization of TCDD. Female Sprague-Dawley rats and B6C3F1 mice received a single oral dose of 0.1, 1.0, or 10 mu g [ super(3)H]TCDD/kg body weight and subcellular fractions of the liver, lungs, and kidneys were prepared by differential centrifugation 3 days after exposure. Analysis of the rat subcellular fractions revealed that TCDD was equally distributed between the hepatic P9 (mitochondrial, lysosomal, and nuclear) and S9 (cytosol and microsomal) fractions at all doses tested. In contrast, TCDD was concentrated in the P9 of rat nonhepatic tissues at all doses studied. Differential centrifugation of the hepatic S9 showed that TCDD was localized within the hepatic P100 (microsomal) fraction at all doses tested. In contrast, TCDD localized in pulmonary and renal S100 (cytosolic) fractions at all doses. The subcellular distribution of TCDD in the liver and lungs of acutely exposed B6C3F1 mice was similar to that observed in the rats. Although TCDD was concentrated within the renal P9, the remainder of TCDD in the S9 was evenly distributed between the S100 and the P100 fractions of acutely exposed B6C3F1 mice. Subchronic exposure of B6C3F1 mice to 1.5 or 150 ng [ super(3)H]TCDD/kg/day revealed that increasing dose resulted in equal distribution of TCDD between the hepatic S9 and P9 versus concentration in the renal P9. In addition, a dose-dependent increase in accumulation of TCDD in the hepatic P100 was accompanied by a dose-dependent increase in TCDD localization in the renal S100 of mice subchronically exposed to TCDD. TCDD exposure in rats resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the induction of CYP1A1 protein and associated enzyme activity in hepatic, pulmonary, and renal microsomes. TCDD-induced CYP1A2 protein levels and associated enzymatic activity were only present in hepatic microsomes. This is the first report to suggest that subcellular distribution of TCDD differs between hepatic and nonhepatic tissues and demonstrate that the liver-specific microsomal localization of TCDD in female Sprague-Dawley rats also occurs in the liver of female B6C3F1 mice acutely or subchronically exposed to TCDD. In addition, these data are consistent with the hypothesis that the hepatic sequestration of TCDD is due to an interaction with CYP1A2. Furthermore, the lack of pulmonary/renal sequestration coupled with the lack of localization of TCDD in pulmonary/renal microsomes also supports the role of CYP1A2 as a hepatic microsomal binding protein involved in TCDD sequestration. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Santostefano, MJ AU - Johnson, K L AU - Whisnant, NA AU - Richardson, V M AU - DeVito, MJ AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Division, Pharmacokinetics Branch, Mail Drop-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/12// PY - 1996 DA - Dec 1996 SP - 265 EP - 275 VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - rats KW - TCDD KW - CYP1A1 protein KW - CYP1A2 protein KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - lung KW - liver KW - kidney KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15834908?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Subcellular+localization+of+TCDD+differs+between+the+liver%2C+lungs%2C+and+kidneys+after+acute+and+subchronic+exposure%3A+Species%2Fdose+comparisons+and+possible+mechanism&rft.au=Santostefano%2C+MJ%3BJohnson%2C+K+L%3BWhisnant%2C+NA%3BRichardson%2C+V+M%3BDeVito%2C+MJ%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Santostefano&rft.aufirst=MJ&rft.date=1996-12-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - liver; lung; kidney ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A database designed to support dose-response analysis and risk assessment. AN - 78551034; 8931763 AB - Risk assessment for various human exposures depends on evaluation of existing toxicological literature from a variety of sources. Risk assessors may have limited resources for obtaining raw data, performing additional analyses and initiating new laboratory or epidemiological studies. These constraints must be balanced against a need to improve scientific credibility by developing improved statistical and analytical methods that optimize the use of the available information. A database is described that was designed specifically to support emerging analytical approaches for dose-response assessment, while accommodating the diverse nature of published literature. The database allows entry of exposure and response information in a relational multi-table design, with closely controlled standard fields for recording values and free-text fields for describing unique aspects of a study. To include data needed for current as well as proposed methods, multiple fields were created for different data types and for exposure characterization. The database structure allows rapid access to, and versatile use of, toxicological data for dose-response analyses. JF - Toxicology AU - Guth, D J AU - Raymond, T S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment-RTP, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/11/15/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Nov 15 SP - 81 EP - 90 VL - 114 IS - 1 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Information Systems KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Computer Simulation KW - Sex Factors KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Aging KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78551034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+database+designed+to+support+dose-response+analysis+and+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Guth%2C+D+J%3BRaymond%2C+T+S&rft.aulast=Guth&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-11-15&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-19 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of capillary electrophoresis/laser-induced fluorescence detection to groundwater migration studies. AN - 78739114; 9384723 AB - Capillary electrophoresis has been applied to the determination of groundwater migration based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detection and traditional spectrofluorimetry. Detection limits of injected dye-fluorescent whitening agent (tinopal) in the low ppt ranges have been accomplished with both a spectrofluorometer and with CE/LIF based on the HeCd laser. The real-world problem was the determination of groundwater migration between adjacent Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) and Superfund sites. Fluorescent dyes were injected into wells and were discovered in monitoring wells by extracting pads that adsorbed the dye. The methodology based on CE/LIF exhibits increased specificity over existing methodology due to the separation and unique migration time of the dye. Additional studies were aimed at achieving sub-ppt levels in the water directly using solid-phase extraction (SPE) and field-amplified injection techniques. JF - Journal of capillary electrophoresis AU - Brumley, W C AU - Ferguson, P L AU - Grange, A H AU - Donnelly, J L AU - Farley, J W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Characterization Research Division, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 295 EP - 299 VL - 3 IS - 6 SN - 1079-5383, 1079-5383 KW - Fluorescent Dyes KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Spectrometry, Fluorescence -- methods KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary -- methods KW - Fresh Water -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Environmental Monitoring -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78739114?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.atitle=Applications+of+capillary+electrophoresis%2Flaser-induced+fluorescence+detection+to+groundwater+migration+studies.&rft.au=Brumley%2C+W+C%3BFerguson%2C+P+L%3BGrange%2C+A+H%3BDonnelly%2C+J+L%3BFarley%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Brumley&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=295&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.issn=10795383&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Experimental designs, statistics and interpretation. AN - 78718907; 9119334 AB - The Working Group on Experimental Designs, Statistics and Interpretation considered the use of statistics in combination toxicology, the terminology used to describe the interaction(s) of chemicals, the use of efficient experimental designs to minimize animal use, the diverse interests and goals covered by combination toxicology and approaches useful for complex mixtures. The importance of the use of appropriate experimental designs and statistical methodology was recognized. Given the present lack of consensus on terminology and methodology, it is recommended that investigators provide in their publications the definition of additivity and the mathematical model being used. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Simmons, J E AU - Gennings, C AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 1169 EP - 1171 VL - 34 IS - 11-12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Animal Testing Alternatives KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Models, Chemical KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Terminology as Topic KW - Research Design -- trends KW - Drug Interactions KW - Toxicology -- standards KW - Toxicology -- trends KW - Research Design -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78718907?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Experimental+designs%2C+statistics+and+interpretation.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E%3BGennings%2C+C&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=1169&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling to combination toxicology. AN - 78711420; 9119317 AB - Non-additive toxicity has been demonstrated in laboratory animals for a large number of temporally separated or concurrent multiple chemical exposures. These exposures are typically at concentrations higher than those found in the environment, leading to the question of the applicability of the results to the human situation. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling has been applied successfully to single chemicals; its utility for extrapolation across species and dose has been demonstrated. Use of PBPK modelling in the study of chemical mixtures is increasing although still limited. The use of PBPK modelling by various investigators in the field of combination toxicology is reviewed. PBPK modelling has been used to examine: the role of increased metabolism in non-additive toxicity resulting from temporally separated exposures; the influence of the time interval separating two chemical exposures; and the role of inhibition of metabolism in concurrent exposure to two chemicals. In summary, development of a PBPK or PBPK/pharmacodynamic model for a combined exposure provides a basis for extrapolation across species, route and dose, and a useful tool for risk assessment. JF - Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association AU - Simmons, J E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 1067 EP - 1073 VL - 34 IS - 11-12 SN - 0278-6915, 0278-6915 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Pyrazoles KW - Solvents KW - pyrazole KW - 3QD5KJZ7ZJ KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Solvents -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carcinogens -- pharmacokinetics KW - Humans KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Predictive Value of Tests KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity KW - Rats KW - Pyrazoles -- toxicity KW - Enzyme Induction -- drug effects KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Research Design -- standards KW - Models, Chemical KW - Drug Interactions KW - Toxicology -- trends KW - Pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78711420?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.atitle=Application+of+physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+modelling+to+combination+toxicology.&rft.au=Simmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Simmons&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=11-12&rft.spage=1067&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Food+and+chemical+toxicology+%3A+an+international+journal+published+for+the+British+Industrial+Biological+Research+Association&rft.issn=02786915&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA seeks public health views on new pesticide law. AN - 78614003; 8955696 JF - Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974) AU - Goldman, L R AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington DC 20460, USA. goldman.lynn@epamail.epa.gov PY - 1996 SP - 512 EP - 514 VL - 111 IS - 6 SN - 0033-3549, 0033-3549 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Pesticides KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Registries KW - Infant KW - Public Health KW - Child Welfare -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Child KW - Public Opinion KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Pollution -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Attitude to Health KW - Pesticides -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78614003?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Public+health+reports+%28Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+1974%29&rft.atitle=EPA+seeks+public+health+views+on+new+pesticide+law.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+L+R&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Public+health+reports+%28Washington%2C+D.C.+%3A+1974%29&rft.issn=00333549&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of rat epididymal sperm counts by IVOS HTM-IDENT and hemacytometer. AN - 78574891; 8946567 AB - Epididymal sperm counts, a common measurement in male reproductive toxicity studies, are routinely determined using a hemacytometer. Recently, computer assisted methods for automated sperm counts have been developed. In the present study we evaluated an automated system, the TOX IVOS (Hamilton Thorne Research, Beverly, MA) HTM-IDENT option, that utilizes a DNA-specific stain and fluorescence illumination to identify sperm for enumeration. Cauda and caput epididymal sperm counts were determined in 48 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, using both the hemacytometer and HTM-IDENT. The mean hemacytometer and HTM-IDENT counts (+/- SD) were 250 +/- 43 and 254 +/- 52 million, respectively, for cauda sperm, and 123 +/- 13 and 127 +/- 18 million, respectively, for caput sperm. The average coefficient of variation using the hemacytometer was 13.8% as compared to 17.3% for the HTM-IDENT. Comparison of the machine count and a visual count from the Display Statics screen of the HTM-IDENT indicated that when two or more sperm heads touched or overlapped, the machine counted them as one. Manual (visual) and machine counts when compared over a range of nine concentrations from 3.7 to 47.8 million/mL differed by 4 to 12% at the lowest to highest concentration. The concentration of epididymal sperm samples used in comparing the two counting methods ranged from 5.8 to 17.7 million/mL. Therefore, the HTM-IDENT undercounting error attributable to sperm heads touching was less than 6%. Overall the data indicate good agreement between the HTM-IDENT and the hemacytometer counts. Furthermore, both counting time and technician fatigue were markedly reduced. Thus the HTM-IDENT option improves the efficiency of epididymal sperm counting without loss of precision. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Strader, L F AU - Linder, R E AU - Perreault, S D AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 529 EP - 533 VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Microscopy KW - Image Processing, Computer-Assisted KW - Male KW - Epididymis -- cytology KW - Sperm Count -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78574891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+rat+epididymal+sperm+counts+by+IVOS+HTM-IDENT+and+hemacytometer.&rft.au=Strader%2C+L+F%3BLinder%2C+R+E%3BPerreault%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Strader&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-15 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interactive effects between 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl in female B6C3F1 mice: tissue distribution and tissue-specific enzyme induction. AN - 78566691; 8937899 AB - The distribution of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 153) was studied in female B6C3F1 mice. Single doses of TCDD alone (0, 0.1, 1, or 10 micrograms [3H]TCDD/kg), PCB 153 alone (0, 3.58, 35.8, or 358 mg [14C]PCB 153/kg), and all possible combinations of these doses were administered in corn oil, po. At 7 days after dosing, 11 different tissues were analyzed for radioactivity. When TCDD was administered alone, TCDD-derived radioactivity distributed to all tissues in a dose-dependent manner, increasing with dose in the liver, while decreasing (as a percentage of the administered dose) in all other tissues. When PCB 153 was administered alone, the PCB 153 concentration was dose-dependently (percentage of dose) decreased in liver, skin, lung, adrenals, kidney, and blood; no dosimetric effects were observed in the other organs. Coadministration of low doses of both TCDD and PCB 153 resulted in little or no effect on the distribution of either compound. Interactive effects occurred in the pharmacokinetic behavior of both compounds only at higher doses. For example, the amount of TCDD in the liver was increased by 358 mg PCB 153/kg. In most other organs administration of PCB 153 resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the TCDD content. Coadministration of PCB 153 with 10 micrograms TCDD/kg increased PCB 153 in the liver, but not in other tissues. These results clearly demonstrate that interactive effects on pharmacokinetic behavior occur only at high doses. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - van Birgelen, A P AU - Ross, D G AU - DeVito, M J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 118 EP - 131 VL - 34 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl KW - ZRU0C9E32O KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Drug Interactions KW - Skin -- enzymology KW - Thymus Gland -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Skin -- drug effects KW - Adipose Tissue -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Isoenzymes -- biosynthesis KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Adipose Tissue -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Lung -- enzymology KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacology KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacology KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78566691?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Interactive+effects+between+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+and+2%2C2%27%2C4%2C4%27%2C5%2C5%27-hexachlorobiphenyl+in+female+B6C3F1+mice%3A+tissue+distribution+and+tissue-specific+enzyme+induction.&rft.au=van+Birgelen%2C+A+P%3BRoss%2C+D+G%3BDeVito%2C+M+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=van+Birgelen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A methodological approach for exposure assessment studies in residences using volatile organic compound-contaminated water. AN - 78563217; 8933751 AB - This paper presents a methodological approach for assessing total exposures to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in residences using contaminated water supplies. This approach is founded on assessment of ingestion, inhalation, and dermal exposures; both long-term (i.e., 12 to 24 hr) low-level exposures and short-term (i.e., approximately 10 min) high-level exposures are considered. The methodology is based on the collection of water samples to establish the identity of the contaminants, maximum source terms, and possible dermal and ingestion exposures; integrated whole-air samples are collected to assess long- and short-term inhalation exposures; whole-air grab samples are used to confirm peak and typical inhalation exposures; and alveolar breath samples are used to confirm exposures and to estimate contaminant concentrations in the blood of the test subjects. While we do not suggest that this methodology should supersede any current investigative approach, this material is primarily offered as a consolidated reference to the many people or organizations who might contemplate a study of this type. Application of this investigative protocol should provide detailed exposure assessment information, while it supplies critical real world data for risk assessment specialists, toxicologists, and modeling experts. Data from a recent field study assessing exposures to trichloroethylene are presented to illustrate the utility and some of the limitations of this strategy. JF - Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995) AU - Lindstrom, A B AU - Pleil, J D AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. lindstrom.andrew@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 1058 EP - 1066 VL - 46 IS - 11 SN - 1096-2247, 1096-2247 KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Skin Absorption KW - Humans KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Air Pollution, Indoor -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Environmental Exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78563217?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.atitle=A+methodological+approach+for+exposure+assessment+studies+in+residences+using+volatile+organic+compound-contaminated+water.&rft.au=Lindstrom%2C+A+B%3BPleil%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Lindstrom&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=11&rft.spage=1058&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+the+Air+%26+Waste+Management+Association+%281995%29&rft.issn=10962247&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid distribution of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) to embryonic tissues in C57BL/6N mice and correlation with palatal uptake in vitro. AN - 78532602; 8917698 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetracholoridbenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a developmentally toxic environmental contaminant capable of inducing cleft palate and hydronephrosis in embryonic C57BL/6N mice. In this study, the disposition of TCDD was determined in pregnant C57BL/6N mice in the 24 hr immediately following oral administration on Gestation Day (GD) 12. TCDD was detected in maternal blood, liver, and fat and in the placenta, embryonic liver, and palate within 30 min after dosing on GD 12. The levels peaked in blood and placenta at 3 hr and in the other tissues at 8 hr. Levels of TCDD decreased slightly after 8 hr in embryonic liver and palate. In vitro systems were used to study the mechanisms of action of TCDD and in these models exposure is typically reported as concentration of TCDD in the culture medium. The present study is the first to allow a direct comparison of the level of TCDD in embryonic tissue after in vivo and in vitro exposures. Uptake of TCDD was determined in embryonic palatal organ culture and tissue levels were then expressed in comparable units for both in vivo and in vitro exposures. The data provide new information on distribution in the pregnant mouse and the embryo and also show that the palatal organ culture model provides a reasonable dosimetric representation of in utero exposure. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Abbott, B D AU - Birnbaum, L S AU - Diliberto, J J AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 256 EP - 263 VL - 141 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Maternal-Fetal Exchange KW - Animals KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice KW - Tissue Distribution KW - Autoradiography KW - Organ Culture Techniques KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- pharmacokinetics KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- blood KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78532602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Rapid+distribution+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+to+embryonic+tissues+in+C57BL%2F6N+mice+and+correlation+with+palatal+uptake+in+vitro.&rft.au=Abbott%2C+B+D%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=256&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-23 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Trends in water and sediment quality for the Houston Ship Channel AN - 52702370; 1997-047628 JF - The Texas Journal of Science AU - Crocker, Philip A AU - Koska, Paul C Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 267 EP - 282 PB - Texas Academy of Science, San Angelo, TX VL - 48 IS - 4 SN - 0040-4403, 0040-4403 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - stream transport KW - copper KW - PCBs KW - data processing KW - suspended materials KW - nonpoint sources KW - nitrogen KW - carbon KW - data bases KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - organic carbon KW - nitrate ion KW - heavy metals KW - organic materials KW - concentration KW - monitoring KW - sediment transport KW - pollutants KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - Texas KW - Houston Ship Channel KW - organic compounds KW - San Jacinto River basin KW - metals KW - Turning Basin KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52702370?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Texas+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=Trends+in+water+and+sediment+quality+for+the+Houston+Ship+Channel&rft.au=Crocker%2C+Philip+A%3BKoska%2C+Paul+C&rft.aulast=Crocker&rft.aufirst=Philip&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Texas+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00404403&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - TX N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - TJSCAU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; carbon; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; copper; data bases; data processing; halogenated hydrocarbons; heavy metals; Houston Ship Channel; metals; monitoring; nitrate ion; nitrogen; nonpoint sources; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; San Jacinto River basin; sediment transport; solute transport; stream transport; suspended materials; Texas; Turning Basin; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Density effects in variably saturated media AN - 52658069; 1998-005969 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Boufadel, Michel C AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 275 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - Galerkin method KW - finite element analysis KW - heterogeneous materials KW - density KW - saturated materials KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrodynamics KW - two-dimensional models KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52658069?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Density+effects+in+variably+saturated+media&rft.au=Boufadel%2C+Michel+C%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BVenosa%2C+Albert+D%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Boufadel&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - density; finite element analysis; Galerkin method; ground water; heterogeneous materials; hydrodynamics; saturated materials; statistical analysis; two-dimensional models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bunker Hill Basin groundwater remediation, San Bernardino, CA; a Superfund toxic cleanup heading toward success AN - 52630478; 1998-011409 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Mayer, Kevin P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - November 1996 SP - 239 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 46, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - San Bernardino California KW - toxic materials KW - Newmark Superfund Site KW - Superfund KW - Riverside California KW - pollution KW - Riverside County California KW - drinking water KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - California KW - Bunker Hill Basin KW - organic compounds KW - Southern California KW - alluvium aquifers KW - decontamination KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - San Bernardino County California KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52630478?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Bunker+Hill+Basin+groundwater+remediation%2C+San+Bernardino%2C+CA%3B+a+Superfund+toxic+cleanup+heading+toward+success&rft.au=Mayer%2C+Kevin+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Mayer&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=46%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=239&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union 1996 fall meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium aquifers; aquifers; Bunker Hill Basin; California; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; drinking water; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; Newmark Superfund Site; organic compounds; pollution; remediation; Riverside California; Riverside County California; San Bernardino California; San Bernardino County California; Southern California; Superfund; toxic materials; United States; water pollution; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The use of the single cell gel electrophoresis assay in detecting DNA single strand breaks in lung cells in vitro AN - 15945939; 4056009 AB - DNA single strand breaks (SSB) can be used as a biomarker of oxidant exposure, and also as an indicator of the carcinogenicity /mutagenicity of a substance. The single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assay is more sensitive and requires fewer cells compared to other techniques used for detecting SSB. We examined the utility of using the SCGE assay for human lung cells exposed to endogenous and exogenous oxidants. A human bronchial cell line (BEAS) was used as a model of airway epithelial cells in this study. BEAS cells exposed to 0-50 mu M hydrogen peroxide (H sub(2)O sub(2)) for 60 min at 4 degree C exhibited a concentration-dependent increase in SSB as determined by an increased DNA migration area in a gel undergoing electrophoresis. H sub(2)O sub(2)-induced increases in DNA SSB were also demonstrated using cultured normal human tracheobronchial epithelial (NHBE) cells and human alveolar macrophages in a concentration response manner. BEAS cells were also exposed to air or ozone (O sub(3)) on a Transwell filter without medium present apically. Cells exposed to O sub(3) at 0.1 or 0.4 ppm at 37 degree C for up 120 min had a time- and concentration-dependent increase in SSB compared to air-exposed cells. NHBE cells exposed to 0.4 ppm O sub(3) (60 min) also had increased DNA SSB. Cells with H sub(2)O sub(2)-induced DNA SSB can be frozen and stored up to 4 weeks without altering the original DNA SSB. These findings indicate that SCGE can be used to detect SSB in cultured lung cells, and has applicability for detecting SSB in lung cells recovered from in vivo and in vitro exposures to oxidants. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Lee, Jiann-Gwu AU - Madden, M C AU - Reed, W AU - Adler, K AU - Devlin, R AD - MD# 58D, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 195 EP - 204 VL - 141 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - assays KW - single-cell gel electrophoresis KW - Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Toxicology Abstracts KW - DNA damage KW - lung KW - gel electrophoresis KW - N 14610:Occurrence, isolation & assay KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15945939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=The+use+of+the+single+cell+gel+electrophoresis+assay+in+detecting+DNA+single+strand+breaks+in+lung+cells+in+vitro&rft.au=Lee%2C+Jiann-Gwu%3BMadden%2C+M+C%3BReed%2C+W%3BAdler%2C+K%3BDevlin%2C+R&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Jiann-Gwu&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=141&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - DNA damage; gel electrophoresis; lung ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interlaboratory evaluation of MI agar and the US Environmental Protection Agency-Approved Membrane Filter Method for the recovery of total coliforms and Escherichia coli from drinking water AN - 15793628; 3996977 AB - A new membrane filter (MF) medium, MI agar, recently validated for use in recovering chlorine-damaged total coliforms (TC) and Escherichia coli from drinking water, was compared to the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-approved MF method (mEndo agar and nutrient agar supplemented with 4-methylumbelliferyl- beta -d-glucuronide) in a collaborative study. Six wastewater-spiked Cincinnati tap water samples, containing three different concentrations of E. coli ( less than or equal to 10, 11-30, and ?30 E. coli/100 ml), were analyzed concurrently by 19 geographically dispersed laboratories. Results showed that although the overall recoveries of TC and E. coli with MI agar were 12% and 26% greater, respectively, than those of the approved method, the differences were not statistically significant ( alpha =0.05). However, the overall recovery of background/non-coliforms by the new method, 5% of the mEndo agar recovery, was significantly lower (P=0.0009). Since the results of this study show MI agar to be equal to or better than the current method, it meets the criteria for routine compliance monitoring of drinking water. JF - Journal of Microbiological Methods AU - Brenner, K P AU - Rankin, C C AU - Sivaganesan, M AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, 26 W. Martin Luther King Drive, ML 314 Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996/11// PY - 1996 DA - Nov 1996 SP - 111 EP - 119 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 27 IS - 2-3 SN - 0167-7012, 0167-7012 KW - MI agar KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - media (isolation) KW - coliforms KW - Escherichia coli KW - water pollution KW - drinking water KW - membrane filtration KW - A 01108:Other water systems UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15793628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.atitle=Interlaboratory+evaluation+of+MI+agar+and+the+US+Environmental+Protection+Agency-Approved+Membrane+Filter+Method+for+the+recovery+of+total+coliforms+and+Escherichia+coli+from+drinking+water&rft.au=Brenner%2C+K+P%3BRankin%2C+C+C%3BSivaganesan%2C+M&rft.aulast=Brenner&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-11-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=111&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Microbiological+Methods&rft.issn=01677012&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; drinking water; coliforms; membrane filtration; media (isolation); water pollution ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Neurotoxicity of d-amphetamine in the C57BL/6J and CD-1 mouse. Interactions with stress and the adrenal system. AN - 78616436; 8959030 AB - Substantial evidence suggests that stress can alter the general toxicological properties of the substituted amphetamines (AMPs) as well as their psychostimulant properties. Research concerning the interactions between stress and the neurotoxicity associated with the AMPs is, however, limited. Our previous work demonstrated that a variety of AMPs, including d-METH, d-MDA, d-MDMA but not d-FEN are able to damage dopaminergic elements of the striatum as shown by decreases in dopamine and tyrosine hydroxylase. The neurotoxic capabilities of these AMPs appear linked to their hyperpyrexic actions as diverse manipulations able to block AMP-induced hyperthermia are also neuroprotective. Surprising, since stress usually potentiates the actions of the AMPs, it is our finding that restraint, a commonly used stressor, is protective against the injurious actions of all neurotoxic AMPs evaluated to date. In the mouse restraint acts to elevate blood levels of corticosterone (CORT) by activating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as well as inducing a profound hypothermia. The role CORT may play in the neuroprotective actions of restraint, if any, is unknown. Here, data is presented showing the impact of several HPA axis manipulations, including restraint, supplementation with CORT in the drinking water and removal of CORT by adrenalectomy (ADX) on the striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity of d-AMP. As strain is known to be a powerful determinant of the actions of stress an essential element of these experiments was the evaluation of both an inbred, C57BL/6J and outbred, CD-1, mouse strain. Exposure to d-AMP caused hyperthermia and substantial striatal dopaminergic neurotoxicity in both strains suggesting that an elevation in body temperature is as important a component of the neurotoxicity of d-AMP, as it is of the other neurotoxic AMPs. Restraint was equally effective in both strains and completely blocked the hyperthermia and striatal neurotoxicity induced by d-AMP. CORT supplementation, evaluated in only the C57BL/6J mouse at dosages not capable of involuting either the thymus or the spleen, did not alter d-AMP-induced neurotoxicity. Although the immune system organs of the two strains responded differentially to the removal of CORT, ADX provided equivalent partial protection against the loss of dopaminergic elements in striatum for both strains. Adrenal status clearly affects d-AMP neurotoxicity but the interaction is complex. Future work should examine the roles of the cortical and medullary components of the adrenal gland in the neuroprotective actions of ADX. A precise assessment of the role of circulating CORT In the neurotoxicity of the AMPs will require additional work in which a wider range of CORT dosages, including those capable of involuting thymus and spleen, are evaluated. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - Miller, D B AU - O'Callaghan, J P AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/31/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 31 SP - 148 EP - 167 VL - 801 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Adrenal Cortex Hormones KW - 0 KW - Thyroid Hormones KW - Dextroamphetamine KW - TZ47U051FI KW - Dopamine KW - VTD58H1Z2X KW - Index Medicus KW - Space life sciences KW - Animals KW - Adrenal Cortex Hormones -- pharmacology KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- pathology KW - Spleen -- pathology KW - Dopamine -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Thyroid Hormones -- metabolism KW - Adrenalectomy KW - Organ Size KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Immobilization KW - Stress, Physiological -- metabolism KW - Corpus Striatum -- metabolism KW - Adrenal Glands -- physiology KW - Corpus Striatum -- drug effects KW - Adrenal Glands -- drug effects KW - Dextroamphetamine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78616436?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.atitle=Neurotoxicity+of+d-amphetamine+in+the+C57BL%2F6J+and+CD-1+mouse.+Interactions+with+stress+and+the+adrenal+system.&rft.au=Miller%2C+D+B%3BO%27Callaghan%2C+J+P&rft.aulast=Miller&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-10-31&rft.volume=801&rft.issue=&rft.spage=148&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annals+of+the+New+York+Academy+of+Sciences&rft.issn=00778923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute and chronic administration of ibogaine to the rat results in astrogliosis that is not confined to the cerebellar vermis. AN - 78616339; 8959035 AB - Acute administration of high doses of ibogaine (IBG) to the male rat results in degeneration of Purkinje cells and reactive gliosis in the cerebellar vermis. We examined whether acute and chronic administration of IBG to male and female rats results in gliosis as determined by quantification of the astroglial intermediate filament protein, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). After acute administration of IBG, rats of both sexes showed dose-related increases in GFAP that were not confined to the cerebellar vermis. After chronic administration of IBG, female, but not male rats, showed large (as much as 200% of control), dose-related increases in GFAP in hippocampus, olfactory bulbs, brain stem and striatum, but not cerebellum. In hippocampus, the cytoskeletal proteins, neurofilament 68 (NF-68) and beta-tubulin were increased in females treated chronically with IBG, findings consistent with a damage-induced sprouting response. Together, the data indicate that IBG damages areas of the brain outside the cerebellum and that the sites damaged are dependent on sex and dosage regimen. JF - Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences AU - O'Callaghan, J P AU - Rogers, T S AU - Rodman, L E AU - Page, J G AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects, Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/31/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 31 SP - 205 EP - 216 VL - 801 SN - 0077-8923, 0077-8923 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - 0 KW - Ibogaine KW - 3S814I130U KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Body Weight KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Astrocytes -- drug effects KW - Cerebellum -- pathology KW - Ibogaine -- adverse effects KW - Ibogaine -- pharmacology KW - Astrocytes -- pathology KW - Ibogaine -- administration & dosage KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism KW - Astrocytes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78616339?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Role+of+photoreactions+in+controlling+rates+of+biodegradation+of+estuarine+dissolved+organic+matter&rft.au=Moran%2C+Mary+Ann%3BMiller%2C+William+L%3BBushaw%2C+Karen+L%3BZepp%2C+Richard+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=18&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-08 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytogenetic effects of butadiene metabolites in rat and mouse splenocytes following in vitro exposures. AN - 78501491; 8901921 AB - As a first step in investigating the genotoxic effects of the principal metabolites of 1,3-butadiene (BD) in both rats and mice, splenocytes (which have little mixed function oxidase activity) from each specimen were exposed to a series of concentrations of either 3,4-epoxy-1-butene (EB) (20 to 931 microM) or 1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB) (2.5 to 160 microM) for 1 h. The splenocytes were then washed, cultured, and stimulated to divide with concanavalin A, and metaphases were analyzed for the induction of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and chromosome aberrations (CAs). In addition, cells from some experiments were taken after exposure but before culture, and subjected to the single cell gel (SCG) assay to measure DNA damage in the form of DNA strand breakage and/or alkaline-labile sites. Initial studies indicate that EB does not induce cytogenetic damage in either rat or mouse G0 splenocytes. However, DEB was an extremely potent SCE- and CA-inducer in both species with no species differences apparent. Neither DEB nor EB produced any statistically significant DNA-damaging effects as measured by the SCG assay. JF - Toxicology AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Doerr, C L AU - Milholland, V S AU - Tennant, A H AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/28/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 28 SP - 336 EP - 340 VL - 113 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Epoxy Compounds KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - 3,4-epoxy-1-butene KW - 478ERR5NKR KW - erythritol anhydride KW - 60OB65YNAB KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Spleen -- cytology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Mice KW - Spleen -- drug effects KW - Species Specificity KW - Male KW - Cell Cycle -- drug effects KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Epoxy Compounds -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78501491?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Cytogenetic+effects+of+butadiene+metabolites+in+rat+and+mouse+splenocytes+following+in+vitro+exposures.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BDoerr%2C+C+L%3BMilholland%2C+V+S%3BTennant%2C+A+H&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-10-28&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=336&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Future research needs for non-cancer and cancer effects among populations exposed to 1,3-butadiene. AN - 78498115; 8901899 AB - In the last decade there has been in-depth research into understanding the health effects of 1,3-butadiene in humans and in animals. With increasing knowledge of metabolism, pharmacokinetics and mechanism of action studied in animals, the uncertainties in risk assessment will be lessened. Still, some data gaps exist which, if filled, will be useful for meaningful risk assessments for the general population. This paper discusses the future needs for research in both non-cancer and cancer effects. JF - Toxicology AU - Koppikar, A M AD - U.S. EPA, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/10/28/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Oct 28 SP - 203 EP - 209 VL - 113 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Butadienes KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - DNA Adducts KW - Mutagens KW - 1,3-butadiene KW - JSD5FGP5VD KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Humans KW - DNA Adducts -- metabolism KW - Butadienes -- toxicity KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Butadienes -- pharmacokinetics KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78498115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Future+research+needs+for+non-cancer+and+cancer+effects+among+populations+exposed+to+1%2C3-butadiene.&rft.au=Koppikar%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Koppikar&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-10-28&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Propagation of uncertainty through geochemical code calculations AN - 861984750; 2011-034006 AB - The combined use of the Monte Carlo method with Generalized Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) is introduced for evaluating the effects of input parameter uncertainty on calculated output values from geochemical speciation/solubility codes. Chemical systems are used to demonstrate the applicability of GSA to aqueous speciation/solubility models. Statistical results agree with a geochemically based interpretation of each system suggesting that in complex environmental systems, GSA may focus key parameters and uncertainties in the system. For the Na (sub 2) CO (sub 3) -NaHCO (sub 3) -H (sub 2) O system, GSA identifies aqueous complexes relating to the uncertainty in the calculated pH value. The combined method (Monte Carlo with GSA) can assess the quality of thermodynamic and analytical data in a geochemical model and associated problems. The results may guide the collection of field data and evaluate the thermodynamic data base associated with a geochemical code. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Criscenti, L J AU - Laniak, G F AU - Erikson, R L Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 3551 EP - 3568 PB - Elsevier, New York, NY VL - 60 IS - 19 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - processes KW - waste water KW - pollutants KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - simulation KW - hydrochemistry KW - environmental analysis KW - models KW - chemical reactions KW - sensitivity analysis KW - leachate KW - thermodynamic properties KW - water pollution KW - geochemistry KW - uncertainty KW - pH KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/861984750?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Propagation+of+uncertainty+through+geochemical+code+calculations&rft.au=Criscenti%2C+L+J%3BLaniak%2C+G+F%3BErikson%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Criscenti&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=19&rft.spage=3551&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0016-7037%2896%2900188-3 L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2011-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; environmental analysis; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; leachate; models; Monte Carlo analysis; pH; pollutants; pollution; processes; sensitivity analysis; simulation; solubility; statistical analysis; thermodynamic properties; uncertainty; waste water; water pollution DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)00188-3 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pharmacological analysis of diisopropyl fluorophosphate: effects on core temperature, heart rate, and motor activity in the unrestrained rat. AN - 78600042; 8951953 AB - Humans acutely exposed to anticholinesterase (anti-ChE) pesticides often become febrile, whereas rats and other rodents become markedly hypothermic. The rat may nonetheless be a useful model for anti-ChE toxicity because recent work using radiotelemetry demonstrated an elevation in core temperature of unrestrained rats for several days following acute exposure to the anti-ChE, diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP). To discern the mechanisms of DFP-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia, various pharmacological agents were administered acutely or chronically to rats injected with 1.5 mg/kg DFP (SC). Core temperature, heart rate, and motor activity were monitored continuously via radiotelemetry. Methylscopolamine, a peripheral muscarinic antagonist, attenuated the DFP-induced hypothermia by 1.0 degree C and reversed the DFP-induced bradycardia. Chronic scopolamine, a central and peripheral muscarinic antagonist, delivered via a subcutaneously implanted minipump (9.5 mg/kg/day) blocked DFP-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia. Propranolol (10 mg/kg; SC), a general beta blocker, augmented the bradycardic effects of DFP but had no effect on body temperature. Sodium salicylate (200 and 300 mg/kg; IP), an antipyretic that inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, administered during the period of DFP-induced hyperthermia produced a transient recovery in body temperature. Overall, DFP-induced hypothermia and hyperthermia in the rat appear to be mediated via cholinergic activation in the CNS because both are blocked by scopolamine. The decrease in core temperature following sodium salicylate suggests that prostaglandin release is involved in the manifestation of DFP-induced hyperthermia. The elevation in core temperature after DFP appears to involve neurochemical pathways similar to that of fever. JF - Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 185 EP - 194 VL - 55 IS - 2 SN - 0091-3057, 0091-3057 KW - Adrenergic beta-Antagonists KW - 0 KW - Cholinergic Antagonists KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Salicylates KW - Isoflurophate KW - 12UHW9R67N KW - Scopolamine Hydrobromide KW - 451IFR0GXB KW - Propranolol KW - 9Y8NXQ24VQ KW - Salicylic Acid KW - O414PZ4LPZ KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Scopolamine Hydrobromide -- pharmacology KW - Propranolol -- pharmacology KW - Brain Chemistry -- drug effects KW - Anesthesia, General KW - Cholinergic Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Adrenergic beta-Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Male KW - Salicylates -- pharmacology KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Isoflurophate -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78600042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.atitle=Pharmacological+analysis+of+diisopropyl+fluorophosphate%3A+effects+on+core+temperature%2C+heart+rate%2C+and+motor+activity+in+the+unrestrained+rat.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=55&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=185&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pharmacology%2C+biochemistry%2C+and+behavior&rft.issn=00913057&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-13 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone toxicity in the rat. III. Effect of changes in ambient temperature on pulmonary parameters. AN - 78510791; 8904588 AB - Pulmonary toxicity of ozone (O3) was examined in adult male Fischer 344 rats exposed to 0.5 parts/million O3 for either 6 or 23 h/day over 5 days while maintained at an ambient temperature (Ta) of either 10, 22, or 34 degrees C. Toxicity was evaluated by using changes in lung volumes and the concentrations of constituents of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid that signal lung injury and/or inflammation. Results indicated that toxicity increased as Ta decreased. Exposures conducted at 10 degrees C were associated with the greatest decreases in body weight and total lung capacity and the greatest increases in lavageable protein, lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase activity, and percent neutrophils. O3 effects not modified by Ta included increases in residual volume and lavageable potassium, glucose, urea, and ascorbic acid with exposure at 34 degrees C. Most effects were attenuated during the 5 exposure days and/or returned to normal levels after 7 air recovery days, regardless of prior O3 exposure or Ta. It is possible that Ta-induced changes in metabolic rate may have altered ventilation and, therefore, the O3 doses among rats exposed at the three different Ta levels. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Wiester, M J AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Costa, D L AU - Crissman, K M AU - Richards, J H AU - Winsett, D W AU - Highfill, J W AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 1691 EP - 1700 VL - 81 IS - 4 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Enzymes KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Animals KW - Respiratory Mechanics -- drug effects KW - Temperature KW - Body Weight -- physiology KW - Rats KW - Enzymes -- blood KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Respiratory Mechanics -- physiology KW - Epithelium -- pathology KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Lung Volume Measurements KW - Male KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - Lung Diseases -- pathology KW - Air Pollutants -- administration & dosage KW - Lung Diseases -- metabolism KW - Ozone -- administration & dosage KW - Air Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78510791?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Ozone+toxicity+in+the+rat.+III.+Effect+of+changes+in+ambient+temperature+on+pulmonary+parameters.&rft.au=Wiester%2C+M+J%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P%3BCosta%2C+D+L%3BCrissman%2C+K+M%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BWinsett%2C+D+W%3BHighfill%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Wiester&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=81&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1691&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Physiologically based pharmacokinetic estimated metabolic constants and hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride after methanol pretreatment in rats. AN - 78489112; 8887440 AB - A single 6-hr exposure to inhaled methanol (MeOH) has been shown to enhance carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) hepatotoxicity. The objective of the present study was to use gas uptake data and the development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model (PBPK) to determine in vivo changes in CCl4 metabolism resulting from MeOH pretreatment. Adult male F344 rats (167-197 g) were exposed to 10,000 ppm MeOH (constant concentration) via inhalation for 6 hr. Individual rats were exposed using gas uptake techniques to CCl4 alone or to CCl4 either 24 or 48 hr after initiation of MeOH pretreatment. The following initial concentrations were used for CCl4: 0, 25, 100, 250, and 1000 ppm with exposures lasting 6 hr. Vmax (metabolic rate) was estimated from gas uptake data and Km (Michaelis constant) was assumed constant after methanol pretreatment. For CCl4 alone, Vmax was 0.11 mg/hr (Vmaxc = 0.37 mg/hr/kg) and Km was 1.3 mg/liter. Vmax was 0.48 mg/hr (Vmaxc = 1.6 mg/hr/kg) for the 24-hr MeOH + CCl4 group and Vmax was 0.18 mg/hr (Vmaxc = 0.6 mg/hr/kg) for the 48-hr MeOH + CCl4 group. For CCl4 alone, serum markers of hepatotoxicity alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH) were increased significantly only at 1000 ppm CCl4. Both serum markers of hepatotoxicity in the 24-hr MeOH + CCl4 group increased as a function of CCl4 concentration when compared with 0 ppm CCl4 controls. The maximum increase occurred at 1000 ppm CCl4, where ALT and SDH increased by 392- and 286-fold, respectively. At 100, 250, and 1000 ppm CCl4, ALT and SDH values for the 24-hr MeOH + CCl4 groups were significantly increased relative to control (0 ppm CCl4), CCl4 alone, and 48-hr MeOH + CCl4. ALT and SDH levels in the 48-hr MeOH + CCl4 groups were not statistically different from the respective CCl4 alone groups. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Evans, M V AU - Simmons, J E AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 245 EP - 253 VL - 140 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Computer Simulation KW - Drug Synergism KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Methanol -- administration & dosage KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- administration & dosage KW - Liver -- pathology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- pharmacokinetics KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78489112?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Physiologically+based+pharmacokinetic+estimated+metabolic+constants+and+hepatotoxicity+of+carbon+tetrachloride+after+methanol+pretreatment+in+rats.&rft.au=Evans%2C+M+V%3BSimmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=140&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=245&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-06 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Redox characterization of the surfaces of seven iron-bearing minerals; use of molecular probes and UV-visible spectroscopy AN - 52751394; 1997-010982 AB - Redox properties of iron-bearing mineral surfaces may play an important role in controlling the transport and transformation of pollutants into ground waters. Suspensions of seven iron-bearing minerals were reacted with pH and redox indicators under anaerobic conditions at the pH of the natural suspension. The responses of the indicators to the mineral surfaces were monitored by UV-visible spectroscopy using a scattered transmission technique. The Hammett surface acidity function (H (sub s) ) and the surface redox potential (Eh (sub s) ) of these iron-bearing minerals were measured. These measured values were used to calculate Eh values for the seven minerals: goethite = +293 mV; chlorite = +290 mV; hematite = +290 mV; almandite = +282 mV; ferruginous smectite = +275 mV; pyrite = +235 mV; and Na-vermiculite = +223 mV. Calculated surface redox potentials of minerals are different from their potentials measured by platinum electrode in bulk suspensions. UV-visible spectroscopy provides a quick and non- destructive way of monitoring organic probe response at the mineral surface. JF - Clays and Clay Minerals AU - Yu, Y Shane AU - Bailey, George W Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 573 EP - 586 PB - Clay Minerals Society, Clarkson, NY VL - 44 IS - 5 SN - 0009-8604, 0009-8604 KW - silicates KW - goethite KW - garnet group KW - clay mineralogy KW - almandine KW - hematite KW - orthosilicates KW - chemical properties KW - ultraviolet spectra KW - oxides KW - spectra KW - chlorite group KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - experimental studies KW - iron minerals KW - smectite KW - mass spectroscopy KW - properties KW - clay minerals KW - nesosilicates KW - ion probe KW - chlorite KW - sheet silicates KW - pyrite KW - vermiculite KW - sulfides KW - spectroscopy KW - 01A:General mineralogy KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52751394?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.atitle=Redox+characterization+of+the+surfaces+of+seven+iron-bearing+minerals%3B+use+of+molecular+probes+and+UV-visible+spectroscopy&rft.au=Yu%2C+Y+Shane%3BBailey%2C+George+W&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=44&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=573&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Clays+and+Clay+Minerals&rft.issn=00098604&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Abstract, Copyright, Mineralogical Society of Great Britain and Ireland N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCMAB N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - almandine; chemical properties; chlorite; chlorite group; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; Eh; experimental studies; garnet group; geochemistry; goethite; hematite; ion probe; iron minerals; mass spectroscopy; nesosilicates; orthosilicates; oxides; properties; pyrite; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite; spectra; spectroscopy; sulfides; ultraviolet spectra; vermiculite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The GCTE Soil Erosion Network; a multi-participatory research program AN - 52749633; 1997-018367 JF - Journal of Soil and Water Conservation AU - Ingram, John AU - Lee, Jeffrey AU - Valentin, Christian Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - October 1996 SP - 377 EP - 380 PB - Soil Conservation Society of America, Ankeny, IA VL - 51 IS - 5 SN - 0022-4561, 0022-4561 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - programs KW - terrestrial environment KW - monitoring KW - erosion KW - data acquisition KW - global KW - data processing KW - wind erosion KW - water erosion KW - ecosystems KW - simulation KW - research KW - models KW - erosion control KW - runoff KW - soil erosion KW - erodibility KW - changes KW - 25:Soils UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52749633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.atitle=The+GCTE+Soil+Erosion+Network%3B+a+multi-participatory+research+program&rft.au=Ingram%2C+John%3BLee%2C+Jeffrey%3BValentin%2C+Christian&rft.aulast=Ingram&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=377&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Soil+and+Water+Conservation&rft.issn=00224561&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.jswconline.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 26 N1 - PubXState - IA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JSWCA3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - changes; data acquisition; data processing; ecosystems; erodibility; erosion; erosion control; global; hydrology; models; monitoring; programs; research; runoff; simulation; soil erosion; soils; terrestrial environment; water erosion; wind erosion ER - TY - CONF T1 - Breath measurements as volatile organic compound biomarkers AN - 15965716; 4062401 AB - A brief review of the uses of breath analysis in studies of environmental exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is provided. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's large-scale Total Exposure Assessment Methodology Studies have measured concentrations of 32 target VOCs in the exhaled breath of about 800 residents of various U.S. cities. Since the previous 12-hr integrated personal air exposures to the same chemicals were also measured, the relation between exposure and body burden is illuminated. Another major use of the breath measurements has been to detect unmeasured pathways of exposure; the major impact of active smoking on exposure to benzene and styrene was detected in this way. Following the earlier field studies, a series of chamber studies have provided estimates of several important physiological parameters. Among these are the fraction, f, of the inhaled chemical that is exhaled under steady-state conditions and the residence times, tau sub(i) in several body compartments, which may be associated with the blood (or liver), organs, muscle, and fat. Most of the targeted VOCs appear to have similar residence times of a few minutes, 30 min, several hours, and several days in the respective tissue groups. Knowledge of these parameters can be helpful in estimating body burden from exposure or vice versa and in planning environmental studies, particularly in setting times to monitor breath in studies of the variation with time of body burden. Improvements in breath methods have made it possible to study short-term peak exposure situations such as filling a gas tank or taking a shower in contaminated water. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Wallace, L AU - Buckley, T AU - Pellizzari, E AU - Gordon, S Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 KW - biomarkers KW - breath KW - volatiles KW - volatile organic compounds KW - bioindicators KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - NIH 96-218 KW - respiration KW - reviews KW - X 24250:Reviews KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15965716?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=Breath+measurements+as+volatile+organic+compound+biomarkers&rft.au=Wallace%2C+L%3BBuckley%2C+T%3BPellizzari%2C+E%3BGordon%2C+S&rft.aulast=Wallace&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of subchronic corn oil gavage on the acute toxicity of orally administered bromodichloromethane AN - 15865597; 4025530 AB - Bromodichloromethane (BDCM) is a by-product of water chlorination and is the second most common trihalomethane (THM) in finished drinking water. It has been reported that delivery of THMs in corn oil can influence the site and magnitude of toxic and carcinogenic responses in rodents, perhaps by inducing metabolizing enzymes or altering tissue composition. To determine if corn oil influences the acute toxicity of BDCM, adult male F-344 rats were pretreated 5 days/week for 6 weeks with oral doses of corn oil or water at a volume of 5 ml/kg. Following pretreatment, animals were gavaged with a single dose of 0, 200 or 400 mg BDCM/kg in 10% Emulphor registered . Urine was collected at timed intervals over a 48-h period following BDCM administration. Rats were sacrificed at this time and organs and blood removed. Urine and serum were analyzed for indicators of toxicity. Corn oil pretreatment did not enhance the acute hepato- or nephrotoxicity of BDCM, suggesting that vehicle effects noted in previous THM toxicity and carcinogenicity studies are more likely due to pharmacokinetic differences between administration in corn oil and aqueous gavage vehicles than to altered tissue composition or physiological changes. JF - Toxicology Letters AU - Lilly, P D AU - Simmons, JE AU - Pegram, R A AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, Exptl. Toxicol. Div., Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab. (NHEERL), MD-74, US Environ. Prot. Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/10// PY - 1996 DA - Oct 1996 SP - 93 EP - 102 VL - 87 IS - 2-3 SN - 0378-4274, 0378-4274 KW - rats KW - bromodichloromethane KW - corn oil KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - carcinogenicity KW - liver KW - chlorination KW - kidney KW - drinking water KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15865597?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+Letters&rft.atitle=Effect+of+subchronic+corn+oil+gavage+on+the+acute+toxicity+of+orally+administered+bromodichloromethane&rft.au=Lilly%2C+P+D%3BSimmons%2C+JE%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Lilly&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-10-01&rft.volume=87&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=93&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+Letters&rft.issn=03784274&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorination; carcinogenicity; kidney; liver; drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cytogenetic effects in mice of divinylbenzene-55 inhalation. AN - 78453812; 8879268 AB - Male B6C3F1 mice (8 weeks of age) were exposed by inhalation to divinylbenzene-55 (DVB-55), at target concentrations of 0, 25, 50 and 75 ppm for 6 h per day for 3 days. Following exposure the animals were killed blood smears were prepared for micronucleus (MN) analysis, and the spleens were removed and cultured for sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and chromosome aberration (CA) analyses. DVB-55 induced a dose dependent increase in SCE with the two highest doses reaching statistical significance. Similarly, there was a statistically significant although less pronounced increase in the frequency of CAs in splenocytes and MN in polychromatic erythrocytes. There was no indication of toxicity as measured by cell cycle kinetics in the splenocytes or the percentage of polychromatic erythrocytes in the peripheral blood smears. Thus, DVB-55 appears to be a weak genotoxicant in vivo. JF - Mutation research AU - Kligerman, A D AU - Morgan, D L AU - Doerr, C L AU - Milholland, V AU - Tennant, A H AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. kligerman@her145.Her1.Epa.Gov Y1 - 1996/09/13/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 13 SP - 107 EP - 113 VL - 370 IS - 2 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Styrenes KW - 0 KW - Vinyl Compounds KW - Styrene KW - 44LJ2U959V KW - divinyl benzene KW - IZ715T4SBU KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Sister Chromatid Exchange -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Styrenes -- toxicity KW - Male KW - Vinyl Compounds -- toxicity KW - Chromosome Aberrations KW - Vinyl Compounds -- administration & dosage UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78453812?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Cytogenetic+effects+in+mice+of+divinylbenzene-55+inhalation.&rft.au=Kligerman%2C+A+D%3BMorgan%2C+D+L%3BDoerr%2C+C+L%3BMilholland%2C+V%3BTennant%2C+A+H&rft.aulast=Kligerman&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-09-13&rft.volume=370&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of four trihalomethanes on DNA strand breaks, renal hyaline droplet formation and serum testosterone in male F-344 rats. AN - 78404789; 8844978 AB - All four possible trihalomethanes (THMs) containing bromine and chlorine, as well as perchloroethylene (PCE), were evaluated for their ability to produce DNA strand breaks, alpha 2u-globulin rich renal deposits, and testosterone changes in male F-344 rats. Rats received daily equimolar doses (0.75 or 1.5 mmol/kg) of THMs or PCE (1000 mg/kg) in 4% Emulphor vehicle by oral gavage for 7 days. No significant DNA strand breaks were produced by any THM or PCE treatment. PCE treatment produced increased hyaline droplet formation in renal tubules. However, all THM treatments reduced or eliminated the appearance of renal hyaline droplets. All four THM treatments also produced a decrease in serum testosterone concentrations on day 7, which might account for decreased hyaline droplet formation. No significant increase in cell proliferation, measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation in vivo, appeared in this 1-week study. JF - Cancer letters AU - Potter, C L AU - Chang, L W AU - DeAngelo, A B AU - Daniel, F B AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. potter.carl@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/09/10/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 10 SP - 235 EP - 242 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane KW - 0 KW - alpha-Macroglobulins KW - Testosterone KW - 3XMK78S47O KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - alpha-Macroglobulins -- biosynthesis KW - Autoradiography KW - Male KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - DNA Damage KW - Testosterone -- blood KW - Chlorofluorocarbons, Methane -- toxicity KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78404789?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Effects+of+four+trihalomethanes+on+DNA+strand+breaks%2C+renal+hyaline+droplet+formation+and+serum+testosterone+in+male+F-344+rats.&rft.au=Potter%2C+C+L%3BChang%2C+L+W%3BDeAngelo%2C+A+B%3BDaniel%2C+F+B&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-09-10&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-07 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vinclozolin does not alter progesterone receptor (PR) function in vivo despite inhibition of PR binding by its metabolites in vitro. AN - 78399085; 8845038 AB - Vinclozolin, a dicarboximide fungicide, alters morphological sex differentiation in male rats following perinatal exposure. The occurrence of these abnormalities correlates with the in vivo formation of two antiandrogenic metabolites of vinclozolin, (i.e. 2-[[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-carbamoyl]oxy]-2-methyl-3-butenoic acid (Mt) and 3',5'-dichloro-2-hydroxy-2-methylbut-3-enanilide (M2)), which are potent inhibitors of rat androgen receptor binding. As steroid hormone receptors exhibit promiscuity in their ability to bind different ligands, the present study evaluated the ability of these vinclozolin metabolites to bind to the estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptors in vitro, and to alter ER and PR function following in vivo exposure. To this end, in vitro ligand binding assays demonstrated that both M1 and M2 can compete with endogenous ligand for binding to the PR (Ki = 400 and 60 microM, respectively). In contrast, neither metabolite exhibited the ability to bind ER. Subsequent in vivo studies to evaluate the potential of vinclozolin to alter ER or PR function demonstrate that, (1) the estrogen-dependent increases in uterine weight and PR induction were not altered by vinclozolin; (2) the distribution of nuclear and cytosolic PR was not altered following short-term vinclozolin exposure; and (3) vinclozolin did not disrupt ovulation in cycling female rats. These studies indicate that although vinclozolin metabolites can compete for binding to the PR in vitro, concentrations of these metabolites do not reach sufficient levels to disrupt female reproductive function following short-term in vivo exposure to vinclozolin. In addition, these studies demonstrate the importance of correlating in vitro receptor binding data with in vivo studies in order to understand the physiological consequences of exposure to environmental toxicants. JF - Toxicology AU - Laws, S C AU - Carey, S A AU - Kelce, W R AU - Cooper, R L AU - Gray, L E AD - Endocrinology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. slaws@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/09/02/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Sep 02 SP - 173 EP - 182 VL - 112 IS - 3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - 3',5'-dichloro-2-hydroxy-2-methylbut-3-enanilide KW - 0 KW - Anilides KW - Carbamates KW - Fungicides, Industrial KW - Ligands KW - Oxazoles KW - Receptors, Estrogen KW - Receptors, Progesterone KW - 2-(((3,5-dichlorophenyl)carbamoyl)oxy)-2-methyl-3-butenoic acid KW - 119209-27-7 KW - vinclozolin KW - JJ258EZN1I KW - Index Medicus KW - Sex Differentiation -- drug effects KW - Software KW - Animals KW - Cytosol -- metabolism KW - Cell Nucleus -- metabolism KW - Cytosol -- drug effects KW - Anilides -- toxicity KW - Cell Nucleus -- drug effects KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Carbamates -- toxicity KW - Uterus -- metabolism KW - Rats KW - Ovulation -- drug effects KW - Carbamates -- metabolism KW - Binding, Competitive KW - In Vitro Techniques KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Ovariectomy KW - Anilides -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Oxazoles -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Progesterone -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Estrogen -- metabolism KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- metabolism KW - Fungicides, Industrial -- toxicity KW - Oxazoles -- toxicity KW - Receptors, Progesterone -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78399085?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Vinclozolin+does+not+alter+progesterone+receptor+%28PR%29+function+in+vivo+despite+inhibition+of+PR+binding+by+its+metabolites+in+vitro.&rft.au=Laws%2C+S+C%3BCarey%2C+S+A%3BKelce%2C+W+R%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BGray%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Laws&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-09-02&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=173&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Continuing development of fish species as additional experimental models in cancer research. AN - 78542883; 8923682 JF - Toxicologic pathology AU - Couch, J A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561-5299, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 602 VL - 24 IS - 5 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Fishes KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- trends KW - Carcinogenicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78542883?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Salinity+tolerance+of+Daphnia+magna+and+potential+use+for+estuarine+sediment+toxicity+tests&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BStutzman%2C+T+W&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=194&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency guidelines for carcinogen risk assessment: past and future. AN - 78501863; 8898986 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) recently proposed new guidelines to update and replace the 1986 USEPA Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment. Today, there is a better understanding of the variety of modes by which carcinogens can operate that did not exist when the 1986 USEPA guidelines were published. Many laboratories are adding new test protocols in their programs directed at questions concerning the mechanisms of action of carcinogens. In response to the evolving science of carcinogenesis, the new guidelines provide an analytical framework for incorporating all relevant biological information and recognizing a variety of situations regarding cancer risk. In addition, the guidelines are flexible enough to allow consideration of future scientific advances. JF - Mutation research AU - Wiltse, J AU - Dellarco, V L AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 3 EP - 15 VL - 365 IS - 1-3 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Neoplasms KW - Carcinogens -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78501863?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency+guidelines+for+carcinogen+risk+assessment%3A+past+and+future.&rft.au=Wiltse%2C+J%3BDellarco%2C+V+L&rft.aulast=Wiltse&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=365&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-04 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-04 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Eosinophilic lung inflammation in particulate-induced lung injury: technical consideration in isolating RNA for gene expression studies. AN - 78478980; 8886758 AB - Particulate and other pollutant exposures are associated with lung injury and inflammation. The purpose of this study was to develop an approach by which intact RNA could be obtained from inflamed lung tissue from particulate-exposed animals in order to correlate injury with specific gene expression. Male Sprague Dawley (SD) and Fischer-344 (F-344) rats were intratracheally instilled with saline or residual oil fly ash (ROFA) particles, 8.3 mg/kg body weight in saline. At various time points following ROFA instillation, lungs were either lavaged or used for RNA isolation. ROFA exposure produced an increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) neutrophils in both SD and F-344 rats. A time-dependent increase in eosinophils occurred only in SD rats but not in F-344 rats. Extraction of inflamed pulmonary tissue having a high influx of eosinophils for RNA using the conventional acid guanidinium thiocyanate phenol-chloroform (AGPC) procedure failed to provide undegraded RNA suitable for RT-PCR and Northern blot analysis of beta-actin mRNA expression. Mixing intact total RNA from saline control rat lungs with degraded RNA samples from inflamed lung yielded a gel profile of degraded RNA, indicating the presence of ribonuclease-like activity in the RNA extracted from lung tissues having eosinophil influx. Evidently, the conventional AGPC procedure failed to completely remove ribonuclease activity associated with ROFA-induced pulmonary eosinophil influx. This study reports a single-step modification to the AGPC extraction method that does not require additional reagents or additional precipitation steps for extracting undegraded RNA from nuclease-rich inflamed lung tissue. The aqueous layer resulting from mixing homogenate and chloroform is extracted a second time using an equal volume of AGPC buffer followed by addition of chloroform and centrifugation. The second aqueous phase is then treated as described in the conventional RNA extraction protocol. This simple and convenient modification does not require multiple precipitations of RNA and yields undegraded RNA from inflamed lung tissue with a slightly higher A260/A280 ratio without affecting overall RNA recovery. The results indicate that undegraded RNA could not be isolated using the routine AGPC-based isolation technique from lung tissue containing eosinophils following ROFA exposure. The degraded RNA preparations were unsuitable for gene expression studies. However, undegraded RNA can be isolated from these tissues by modifying the original AGPC RNA extraction procedure, which is suitable for gene expression analysis using northern blot and RT-PCR techniques. JF - Experimental lung research AU - Kodavanti, U P AU - Jaskot, R H AU - Bonner, J AU - Badgett, A AU - Dreher, K L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 541 EP - 554 VL - 22 IS - 5 SN - 0190-2148, 0190-2148 KW - Coal Ash KW - 0 KW - Industrial Waste KW - Particulate Matter KW - RNA KW - 63231-63-0 KW - Carbon KW - 7440-44-0 KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase KW - EC 2.7.7.49 KW - Ribonucleases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Industrial Waste -- adverse effects KW - Cell Count KW - Intubation, Intratracheal KW - Lung -- chemistry KW - RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase -- metabolism KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction -- methods KW - Ribonucleases -- analysis KW - Gene Expression Regulation KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Male KW - Lung Diseases -- chemically induced KW - RNA -- metabolism KW - Eosinophils KW - Lung Diseases -- pathology KW - Inflammation -- chemically induced KW - RNA -- isolation & purification KW - Carbon -- toxicity KW - Carbon -- administration & dosage KW - Inflammation -- pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78478980?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+lung+research&rft.atitle=Eosinophilic+lung+inflammation+in+particulate-induced+lung+injury%3A+technical+consideration+in+isolating+RNA+for+gene+expression+studies.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+U+P%3BJaskot%2C+R+H%3BBonner%2C+J%3BBadgett%2C+A%3BDreher%2C+K+L&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=U&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=541&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+lung+research&rft.issn=01902148&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-30 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Radiation-induced skin injuries from fluoroscopy. AN - 78476018; 8888398 AB - Since 1992, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has received reports of radiation-induced injuries to the skin in patients who had undergone fluoroscopically guided interventional procedures. The reports were investigated to determine the procedure- or equipment-related factors that may have contributed to the injury. The injuries ranged in severity from erythema to moist desquamation to tissue necrosis that required skin grafting. They occurred after a variety of interventional procedures that required extended periods of fluoroscopy compared with those of typical diagnostic procedures. Medical facilities and physicians should be aware of the magnitude of radiation doses to the skin that can result from the long exposure times required by complex interventional procedures. The FDA recommends several steps for reducing these injuries, including establishing protocols for each procedure, determining radiation dose rates for specific fluoroscopy systems and operating modes, and monitoring cumulative absorbed doses to areas of the skin. JF - Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc AU - Shope, T B AD - Office of Science and Technology, Rockville, MD 20857, USA. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 1195 EP - 1199 VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 0271-5333, 0271-5333 KW - Index Medicus KW - Radiation Dosage KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - Skin -- radiation effects KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - United States -- epidemiology KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Radiodermatitis -- epidemiology KW - Radiodermatitis -- prevention & control KW - Radiography, Interventional -- adverse effects KW - Fluoroscopy -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78476018?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radiographics+%3A+a+review+publication+of+the+Radiological+Society+of+North+America%2C+Inc&rft.atitle=Radiation-induced+skin+injuries+from+fluoroscopy.&rft.au=Shope%2C+T+B&rft.aulast=Shope&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1195&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Radiographics+%3A+a+review+publication+of+the+Radiological+Society+of+North+America%2C+Inc&rft.issn=02715333&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental exposure to Aroclor 1254 produces low-frequency alterations in adult rat brainstem auditory evoked responses. AN - 78334920; 8812251 AB - Developmental exposure of Long-Evans rats to 0, 1, 4, or 8 mg/kg/day Aroclor 1254 (A1254) from Gestational Day 6 through Postnatal Day 21 produces an elevated behavioral threshold for a 1-kHz tone. Brainstem auditory evoked responses (BAERs) were assessed in a subset of these animals (about 1 year old) using filtered clicks at 1 (65 and 80 dB SPL), 4 (60 and 80 dB SPL), 16 (40 and 80 dB SPL), and 32 (40 and 80 dB SPL) kHz. Aroclor 1254 decreased BAER amplitudes at 1 and 4 kHz, but not at 16 or 32 kHz. A dose-related decrease in the baseline-to-peak P1A amplitude was observed for the 1-kHz (80-dB) stimulus. Doses of 1, 4, or 8 mg/kg/day A1254 decreased the peak-to-peak amplitude of both P1AN1 and P1BN1 for a 1-kHz (80-dB) stimulus. Doses of 4 and 8 mg/kg/day A1254 decreased the peak-to-peak amplitude of N1P2 and P2N2 for a 4-kHz (60-dB) or 1-kHz (80-dB) stimulus. At 8 mg/kg/day, A1254 also increased the latency of peak P4 at 1 kHz (65 dB). The decreases in peak P1A amplitudes are consistent with a dysfunction of the cochlea and/or auditory nerve. Together, the data confirm that developmental exposure of rats to A1254 produces a permanent low- to mid-frequency auditory dysfunction and suggest a cochlear and/or auditory nerve site of action. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Herr, D W AU - Goldey, E S AU - Crofton, K M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 120 EP - 128 VL - 33 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Aroclors KW - 0 KW - Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) KW - 11097-69-1 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Reaction Time -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Female KW - Auditory Perception -- drug effects KW - Pregnancy KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem -- drug effects KW - Aroclors -- toxicity KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem -- physiology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78334920?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Developmental+exposure+to+Aroclor+1254+produces+low-frequency+alterations+in+adult+rat+brainstem+auditory+evoked+responses.&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BGoldey%2C+E+S%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Commentary. Continuing Development of Fish Species as Additional Experimental Models in Cancer Research AN - 755137092; 13645755 JF - Toxicologic Pathology AU - Couch, John A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561-5299 Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 602 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 24 IS - 5 SN - 0192-6233, 0192-6233 KW - Toxicology Abstracts UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/755137092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.atitle=Commentary.+Continuing+Development+of+Fish+Species+as+Additional+Experimental+Models+in+Cancer+Research&rft.au=Couch%2C+John+A&rft.aulast=Couch&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicologic+Pathology&rft.issn=01926233&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F019262339602400510 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-09-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019262339602400510 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Normalization of metal concentrations in estuarine sediments from the Gulf of Mexico AN - 52751455; 1997-018413 JF - Estuaries AU - Summers, J Kevin AU - Wade, Terry L AU - Engle, Virginia D AU - Malaeb, Ziad A Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 581 EP - 594 PB - [Estuarine Research Federation], [Lawrence, KS] VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0160-8347, 0160-8347 KW - zinc KW - copper KW - enrichment KW - lead KW - nonpoint sources KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - spatial distribution KW - spatial variations KW - areal studies KW - aluminum KW - sediments KW - estuarine environment KW - heavy metals KW - chromium KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - metals KW - nickel KW - coastal environment KW - trace metals KW - North Atlantic KW - regression analysis KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52751455?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Estuaries&rft.atitle=Normalization+of+metal+concentrations+in+estuarine+sediments+from+the+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Summers%2C+J+Kevin%3BWade%2C+Terry+L%3BEngle%2C+Virginia+D%3BMalaeb%2C+Ziad+A&rft.aulast=Summers&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Estuaries&rft.issn=01608347&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.jstor.org/journals/01608347.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - KS] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTUDO N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; areal studies; Atlantic Ocean; chromium; coastal environment; copper; enrichment; estuarine environment; Gulf of Mexico; heavy metals; human activity; lead; metals; nickel; nonpoint sources; North Atlantic; pollutants; pollution; regression analysis; sediments; spatial distribution; spatial variations; statistical analysis; trace metals; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Artificial wetland treatment of nitrate plume, Apache Powder Superfund Site, Cochise County, Arizona AN - 52592650; 1998-041741 JF - Proceedings of the Arizona Hydrological Society Annual Symposium AU - Leonhart, L S AU - Coggeshall, M C AU - Nelson, E J AU - Leo, T P AU - Gearheart, R A AU - Benner, A AU - Alter, K M AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 139 EP - 141 PB - Basin & Range Hydrogeologists, Inc., Phoenix, AZ VL - 9 KW - United States KW - contaminant plumes KW - Superfund KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - remediation KW - constructed wetlands KW - wetlands KW - Arizona KW - Cochise County Arizona KW - Apache Powder Superfund Site KW - nitrate ion KW - discharge KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52592650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Arizona+Hydrological+Society+Annual+Symposium&rft.atitle=Artificial+wetland+treatment+of+nitrate+plume%2C+Apache+Powder+Superfund+Site%2C+Cochise+County%2C+Arizona&rft.au=Leonhart%2C+L+S%3BCoggeshall%2C+M+C%3BNelson%2C+E+J%3BLeo%2C+T+P%3BGearheart%2C+R+A%3BBenner%2C+A%3BAlter%2C+K+M%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Leonhart&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=&rft.spage=139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Arizona+Hydrological+Society+Annual+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Ninth annual symposium of the Arizona Hydrological Society N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 1 N1 - PubXState - AZ N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03215 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Apache Powder Superfund Site; Arizona; Cochise County Arizona; constructed wetlands; contaminant plumes; discharge; mathematical models; nitrate ion; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Superfund; United States; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing the economic benefits of ground water for environmental policy decisions AN - 51051087; 1997-034456 JF - Water Resources Journal AU - Bergstrom, John C AU - Boyle, Kevin J AU - Job, Charles A AU - Kealy, Mary Jo Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 1 EP - 12 PB - United Nations, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, New York, NY VL - 190 SN - 0377-8053, 0377-8053 KW - water use KW - water quality KW - water supply KW - monitoring KW - erosion KW - site exploration KW - water management KW - pollution KW - water erosion KW - decision-making KW - preventive measures KW - ground water KW - transport KW - planning KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51051087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Journal&rft.atitle=Assessing+the+economic+benefits+of+ground+water+for+environmental+policy+decisions&rft.au=Bergstrom%2C+John+C%3BBoyle%2C+Kevin+J%3BJob%2C+Charles+A%3BKealy%2C+Mary+Jo&rft.aulast=Bergstrom&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=190&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Journal&rft.issn=03778053&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decision-making; erosion; ground water; monitoring; planning; policy; pollution; preventive measures; risk assessment; site exploration; transport; water erosion; water management; water quality; water resources; water supply; water use ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of subsurface modeling application at CERCLA/RCRA sites AN - 50940896; 1997-037270 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Lee, Sang B AU - Ravi, Varadhan AU - Williams, Joseph R AU - Burden, David S A2 - Ritchey, Joseph D. A2 - Rumbaugh, James O. Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - September 1996 SP - 3 EP - 13 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1288 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - Superfund KW - site exploration KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - boundary conditions KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - physical properties KW - transport KW - sensitivity analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50940896?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+subsurface+modeling+application+at+CERCLA%2FRCRA+sites&rft.au=Lee%2C+Sang+B%3BRavi%2C+Varadhan%3BWilliams%2C+Joseph+R%3BBurden%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Lee&rft.aufirst=Sang&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=1288&rft.issue=&rft.spage=3&rft.isbn=0803120214&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Subsurface fluid-flow (ground-water and vadose zone) modeling N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; boundary conditions; concentration; ground water; mathematical models; physical properties; pollution; sensitivity analysis; site exploration; soils; Superfund; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of alternative spatial resolutions in the application of a spatially distributed biogeochemical model over complex terrain AN - 15924111; 4044899 AB - Spatially distributed biogeochemical models may be applied over grids at a range of spatial resolutions, however, evaluation of potential errors and loss of information at relatively coarse resolutions is rare. In this study, a georeferenced database at the 1-km spatial resolution was developed to initialize and drive a process-based model (Forest-BGC) of water and carbon balance over a gridded 54976 km super(2) area covering two river basins in mountainous western Oregon. Corresponding data sets were also prepared at 10-km and 50-km spatial resolutions using commonly employed aggregation schemes. Estimates were made at each grid cell for climate variables including daily solar radiation, air temperature, humidity, and precipitation. The topographic structure, water holding capacity, vegetation type and leaf area index were likewise estimated for initial conditions. The daily time series for the climatic drivers was developed from interpolations of meteorological station data for the water year 1990 (1 October 1989-30 September 1990). Model outputs at the 1-km resolution showed good agreement with observed patterns in runoff and productivity. The ranges for model inputs at the 10-km and 50-km resolutions tended to contract because of the smoothed topography. Estimates for mean evapotranspiration and runoff were relatively insensitive to changing the spatial resolution of the grid whereas estimates of mean annual net primary production varied by 11%. The designation of a vegetation type and leaf area at the 50-km resolution often subsumed significant heterogeneity in vegetation, and this factor accounted for much of the difference in the mean values for the carbon flux variables. Although area-wide means for model outputs were generally similar across resolutions, difference maps often revealed large areas of disagreement. Relatively high spatial resolution analyses of biogeochemical cycling are desirable from several perspectives and may be particularly important in the study of the potential impacts of climate change. JF - Ecological Modelling AU - Turner, D P AU - Dodson, R AU - Marks, D AD - ManTech Environ. Res. Serv. Corp., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 53 EP - 67 VL - 90 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3800, 0304-3800 KW - Ecology Abstracts KW - models KW - spatial distribution KW - river basins KW - topography KW - biogeochemistry KW - USA, Oregon KW - D 04315:Riverbasins KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15924111?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Modelling&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+alternative+spatial+resolutions+in+the+application+of+a+spatially+distributed+biogeochemical+model+over+complex+terrain&rft.au=Turner%2C+D+P%3BDodson%2C+R%3BMarks%2C+D&rft.aulast=Turner&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=53&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Modelling&rft.issn=03043800&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA, Oregon; models; spatial distribution; biogeochemistry; topography; river basins ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A waterborne Salmonella typhimurium outbreak in Gideon, Missouri: Results from a field investigation AN - 15849295; 4012007 AB - A waterborne disease outbreak associated with Salmonella typhimurium was identified in Gideon, Missouri (population 1104), a town in southeastern Missouri (USA) in December, 1993. It was estimated by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) that approximately 44% of the city residents developed gastroenteritis during the outbreak. Data from the field investigation was used in a computer program to simulate operations in the water system and to implicate the source of contamination as bird feces in one of the elevated storage tanks. JF - International Journal of Environmental Health Research AU - Clark, R M AU - Geldreich, EE AU - Fox, K R AU - Rice, E W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Barnick, JA AU - Abdesaken, F AU - Hill, JE AU - Angulo, F J AD - Drinking Water Res. Div., US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 187 EP - 193 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - 0960-3123, 0960-3123 KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - USA, Missouri, Gideon KW - birds KW - contamination KW - disease transmission KW - drinking water KW - feces KW - field tests KW - gastroenteritis KW - human diseases KW - microbial contamination KW - storage tanks KW - water supplies KW - water supply KW - water-borne diseases KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Water Resources Abstracts KW - Freshwater KW - simulation KW - computer programs KW - Salmonella KW - public health KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - A 01108:Other water systems KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15849295?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Health+Research&rft.atitle=A+waterborne+Salmonella+typhimurium+outbreak+in+Gideon%2C+Missouri%3A+Results+from+a+field+investigation&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGeldreich%2C+EE%3BFox%2C+K+R%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BBarnick%2C+JA%3BAbdesaken%2C+F%3BHill%2C+JE%3BAngulo%2C+F+J&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Health+Research&rft.issn=09603123&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - computer programs; water supply; disease transmission; microbial contamination; human diseases; storage tanks; simulation; public health; water-borne diseases; water supplies; gastroenteritis; drinking water; contamination; feces; birds; field tests; Salmonella; Salmonella typhimurium; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The potential of an earthworm avoidance test for evaluation of hazardous waste sites AN - 15782919; 3991280 AB - An earthworm avoidance test has potential advantages for use in evaluation of hazardous wastes sites. Because organisms often exhibit behavioral responses at lower levels of stress than those that acute toxicity tests are able to detect, avoidance tests could provide increased sensitivity to hazardous chemicals. Avoidance is an ecologically relevant endpoint that neither acute nor sublethal tests measure. Avoidance can potentially indicate sublethal stress in a short period of time, testing is easily done in a soil matrix, and an avoidance test has the potential for specialized applications for soil testing. "Dual-control" test data established that, in absence of a toxicant, worms did not congregate, but instead distributed themselves fairly randomly with respect to the two sides of the test chambers, that is, they did not display behavior that might be mistaken for avoidance. In tests with artificial soil spiked with reference toxicants and hazardous site soils, worms avoided soils containing various toxic chemicals. Avoidance behavior proved in most cases be a more sensitive indicator of chemical contamination than acute tests. Determination of avoidance was possible in 1 to 2 d, much less than the current duration of acute and sublethal earthworm tests. JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Yeardley, RB Jr AU - Lazorchak, J M AU - Gast, L C AD - DynCorp, c/o U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 3411 Church Street, Cincinnati, OH 45244, USA Y1 - 1996/09// PY - 1996 DA - Sep 1996 SP - 1532 EP - 1537 VL - 15 IS - 9 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - earthworms KW - avoidance behavior KW - hazardous wastes KW - Pollution Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - Lumbricus terrestris KW - waste disposal sites KW - contamination KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15782919?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+potential+of+an+earthworm+avoidance+test+for+evaluation+of+hazardous+waste+sites&rft.au=Yeardley%2C+RB+Jr%3BLazorchak%2C+J+M%3BGast%2C+L+C&rft.aulast=Yeardley&rft.aufirst=RB&rft.date=1996-09-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=1532&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Lumbricus terrestris; waste disposal sites; contamination; toxicity testing; hazardous wastes; avoidance behavior ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Methanol potentiation of carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity: the central role of cytochrome P450. AN - 78337694; 8814342 AB - Evidence to explain the enhanced hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) following methanol exposure by inhalation is presented. Hepatic microsomes prepared from male F344 rats exposed to methanol at concentrations up to 10,000 ppm showed increased p-nitrophenol hydroxylase activity but no increase in pentoxyresorufin-O-dealkylase or ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activities. Hepatic antioxidant levels, glutathione levels and glutathione-S-transferase activity in methanol-treated animals were not different from controls. In vitro metabolism of CCl4 was also increased in microsomes from methanol-treated animals. Pretreatment with allyl sulfone, a specific chemical inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2E1, abolished the difference in microsomal metabolism between exposed and control animals. This study shows that methanol exposure induces cytochrome P450 2E1, which appears to be the principal toxicokinetic mechanism responsible for the increased metabolism and thus the increased hepatotoxicity of CCl4. JF - Toxicology AU - Allis, J W AU - Brown, B L AU - Simmons, J E AU - Hatch, G E AU - McDonald, A AU - House, D E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08/16/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Aug 16 SP - 131 EP - 140 VL - 112 IS - 2 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Isoenzymes KW - 0 KW - Thiobarbiturates KW - Malondialdehyde KW - 4Y8F71G49Q KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - thiobarbituric acid KW - M1YZW5SS7C KW - Methanol KW - Y4S76JWI15 KW - Index Medicus KW - Sensitivity and Specificity KW - Rats KW - Malondialdehyde -- metabolism KW - Thiobarbiturates -- metabolism KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Lipid Peroxidation -- drug effects KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Drug Synergism KW - Male KW - Isoenzymes -- biosynthesis KW - Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury KW - Methanol -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Liver Diseases -- enzymology KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- toxicity KW - Isoenzymes -- metabolism KW - Liver Diseases -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78337694?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Methanol+potentiation+of+carbon+tetrachloride+hepatotoxicity%3A+the+central+role+of+cytochrome+P450.&rft.au=Allis%2C+J+W%3BBrown%2C+B+L%3BSimmons%2C+J+E%3BHatch%2C+G+E%3BMcDonald%2C+A%3BHouse%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Allis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-08-16&rft.volume=112&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of perchloroethylene and its metabolites on intercellular communication in clone 9 rat liver cells. AN - 78267661; 8751833 AB - Gap junction intercellular communication (IC) is thought to be important in chemical carcinogenesis as abnormalities in IC have been found in cancer cells. Perchloroethylene (PERC) is metabolized in rodent liver to dichloroacetic acid (DCA) and trichloroacetic acid (TCA), which are rodent liver carcinogens. Chloral hydrate (CH) and trichloroethanol (TCEth) are kidney metabolites. We used Lucifer yellow scrape-load dye transfer as a measure of IC to look at the effect of PERC, DCA, TCA, CH, and TCEth on Clone 9 cell cultures (normal rat liver cells). Four independent experiments were performed for each chemical using exposure times of 1, 4, 6, 24, 48, and 168 h. Concentrations for each chemical varied and were based on preliminary data on effect and cytotoxicity. To compare the relative effectiveness of each chemical to cause biological change, we identified the lowest concentration and shortest time to significantly reduce dye transfer. DCA caused a significant change at 10 mM at 6 h; TCA, 1 mM at 1 h; CH and TCEth, 1 mM at 24 h; and PERC, 0.01 mM at 48 h. Over a 24-h treatment period, the relative efficiencies, as defined by the concentration needed to produce 50% reduction in IC, were PERC (0.3 mM) >> TCA (3.8 mM) > TCEth (6.6 mM) = CH (7.0 mM) >> DCA (41 mM). Time-course data indicated that PERC, DCA, and TCA produced reduction in IC in a similar fashion, but 5 mM CH or TCEth exhibited variances from these results and may indicate specific cell responses to these chemicals. The mechanism(s) responsible for inhibition of IC by these structurally related chemicals needs to be established. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - Benane, S G AU - Blackman, C F AU - House, D E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08/09/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Aug 09 SP - 427 EP - 437 VL - 48 IS - 5 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Water Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Chloral Hydrate KW - 418M5916WG KW - Trichloroacetic Acid KW - 5V2JDO056X KW - Ethylene Chlorohydrin KW - 753N66IHAN KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - 2,2,2-trichloroethanol KW - AW835AJ62N KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Clone Cells KW - Ethylene Chlorohydrin -- toxicity KW - Chloral Hydrate -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Trichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - Ethylene Chlorohydrin -- analogs & derivatives KW - Male KW - Water Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Liver -- cytology KW - Gap Junctions -- drug effects KW - Water Pollutants -- metabolism KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78267661?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Effect+of+perchloroethylene+and+its+metabolites+on+intercellular+communication+in+clone+9+rat+liver+cells.&rft.au=Benane%2C+S+G%3BBlackman%2C+C+F%3BHouse%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Benane&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-08-09&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=427&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-30 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-30 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparative effects of haloacetic acids in whole embryo culture. AN - 78588748; 8948541 AB - A major class of disinfection by-products in drinking water are the haloacetic acids. Both dichloro- and trichloroacetic acids are teratogenic when administered to rats throughout organogenesis. However, there is little information regarding the developmental toxicity of other haloacetic acids. Therefore, 3-6 somite staged CD-1 mouse embryos were exposed to acetic acid (AA) or mono- (M), di- (D), and tri- (T) substituted fluoro- (F), chloro- (C), or bromo- (B) acetic acids in whole embryo culture in order to evaluate the effects of these agents on development. A 24 hour exposure to the haloacetic acids produced dysmorphogenesis. Effects on neural tube development ranged from prosencephalic hypoplasia to non-closure defects throughout the cranial region. Exposure to the haloacetic acids affected optic development, produced malpositioned and/or hypoplastic pharyngeal arches, and resulted in perturbation of heart development. In order to determine the relative toxicities of these agents, benchmark concentrations were calculated as the lower 95% confidence interval of the concentration that produced a 5% increase in neural tube defects. The benchmark concentrations occurred over a wide range with DFA (5912.6 microM) and MBA (2.7 microM) at the extremes. Using the benchmark concentrations to compare the chemicals gives a ranking of the agents in order of increasing potency as: DFA < TFA < DCA < AA < TBA < or = TCA < DBA < MCA < MBA. TCA and DCA have demonstrated ability to disrupt development in vivo but were among the least potent haloacetic acids in vitro. Because of the potential for widespread exposure to haloacetic acids in drinking water and the incomplete toxicity profile of these chemicals, further work on their developmental effects is warranted. JF - Teratology AU - Hunter, E S AU - Rogers, E H AU - Schmid, J E AU - Richard, A AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 57 EP - 64 VL - 54 IS - 2 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- pathology KW - Animals KW - Culture Techniques KW - Eye Abnormalities -- chemically induced KW - Neural Tube Defects -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- etiology KW - Heart Defects, Congenital -- chemically induced KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Acetates -- chemistry KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- chemistry KW - Acetates -- toxicity KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78588748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Comparative+effects+of+haloacetic+acids+in+whole+embryo+culture.&rft.au=Hunter%2C+E+S%3BRogers%2C+E+H%3BSchmid%2C+J+E%3BRichard%2C+A&rft.aulast=Hunter&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=57&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Genetic toxicology and risk assessment of complex environmental mixtures. AN - 78557308; 8933023 JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Houk, V S AU - Waters, M D AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 187 EP - 219 VL - 19 IS - 3 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chemistry Techniques, Analytical -- methods KW - Humans KW - Molecular Biology -- methods KW - Research Design KW - Risk Assessment KW - Chemical Fractionation -- methods KW - Mutagenesis -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Mutagenicity Tests -- methods KW - Environmental Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78557308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Genetic+toxicology+and+risk+assessment+of+complex+environmental+mixtures.&rft.au=Houk%2C+V+S%3BWaters%2C+M+D&rft.aulast=Houk&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=187&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-26 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - What can research contribute to regulatory decisions about the health risks of multiple chemical sensitivity? AN - 78551088; 8921569 AB - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS), which may not be caused by chemicals at all, is a serious medical problem of unknown origin and uncertain etiology that raises many fundamental science and policy questions. Regulators, for example, are confronted with a dilemma: what, if anything, should be done to protect people from the scientifically uncertain health risks of exposures to extremely low levels of environmental chemicals. Regulatory agencies, such as the Environmental Protection Agency, do not have the luxury of waiting until conclusive scientific evidence is available before making a decision; however, our present lack of scientific understanding about MCS is so acute that it is not possible to ascertain whether the cause of MCS-related symptoms is chemical, biological, physical, psychosocial, or some combination thereof. Nevertheless, many MCS sufferers and advocates for the chemically induced hypothesis are clamoring for regulatory action to reduce putative health risks from very-low-level exposures to chemicals in the environment. Unless steps are taken to improve the quantity and quality of the existing scientific data base, we cannot, with any acceptable degree of certainty, evaluate the extent to which regulatory decisions about MCS are either protective of public health or cost-effective. This article examines how research can strengthen the scientific basis for risk-related decisions about MCS, and proposes a framework for establishing research directions and priorities. It is argued that high-priority research on MCS is distinguishable by four attributes: (1) results are valuable for risk-related decisions; (2) findings significantly advance scientific knowledge and understanding; and the hypothesis being tested is both (3) biologically plausible and (4) readily testable. JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Dyer, R S AU - Sexton, K AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - S139 EP - S151 VL - 24 IS - 1 Pt 2 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Research KW - Decision Making KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Health -- trends KW - Multiple Chemical Sensitivity -- etiology KW - Public Policy KW - Environmental Health -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78551088?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=What+can+research+contribute+to+regulatory+decisions+about+the+health+risks+of+multiple+chemical+sensitivity%3F&rft.au=Dyer%2C+R+S%3BSexton%2C+K&rft.aulast=Dyer&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=1+Pt+2&rft.spage=S139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-04-03 N1 - Date created - 1997-04-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the T cell-independent antibody response of mice and rats exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. AN - 78542673; 8921333 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is an environmental contaminant that produces adverse effects on the immune system of experimental animals. In this study, the effect that TCDD has on the antibody plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to the T cell-independent (TI) antigen trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS) was compared in adult female B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats. Mice or rats were given a single intraperitoneal injection of TCDD at doses ranging from 1 to 30 micrograms/kg, 7 days prior to immunization with TNP-LPS by intravenous injection. Three days later body, spleen, thymus, and liver weights were measured and the PFC response to TNP-LPS was determined. Thymus weights were decreased at 10 and 30 micrograms TCDD/kg, whereas spleen weights were decreased and liver weights increased in mice dosed at 3, 10, and 30 micrograms/kg. Mice dosed at 10 and 30 micrograms TCDD/kg had suppressed PFC responses and serum hemagglutination titers. In rats, thymus weights were decreased and liver weights increased at 3, 10, and 30 micrograms TCDD/kg; however, the PFC response and serum hemagglutination titers to TNP-LPS were suppressed only at 30 micrograms/kg TCDD. TCDD did not affect splenic lymphocyte subsets evaluated by flow cytometry. These results indicate that TCDD suppresses the TI antibody response to TNP-LPS in both B6C3F1 mice and F344 rats, with mice more sensitive to suppression by TCDD than rats. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Smialowicz, R J AU - Williams, W C AU - Riddle, M M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 293 EP - 297 VL - 32 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Mice KW - T-Lymphocytes -- drug effects KW - Organ Size KW - T-Lymphocytes -- immunology KW - Female KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Antibody Formation -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78542673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+T+cell-independent+antibody+response+of+mice+and+rats+exposed+to+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.&rft.au=Smialowicz%2C+R+J%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BRiddle%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Smialowicz&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-12 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reactivity parameters in structure-activity relationship-based risk assessment of chemicals. AN - 78450579; 8875147 AB - New approaches to the risk assessment process are needed that might be more definitive and satisfying to the scientific community, interest groups, and the public at large. This commentary examines an alternative approach that is based on understanding the relationships of chemical structure and reactivity properties to the toxicokinetic behavior of chemicals in biological systems. This approach is based on the likelihood that there is a limited number of triggering (reactivity) mechanisms by which chemicals can express their toxicity at the molecular level. The fundamental importance of electrophilic character of chemicals as a determinant of their critical molecular reactivities and interactions with biological material in the expression of toxicity is supported. Such an approach also takes advantage of the maturing field of theoretical/computational chemistry in understanding important molecular recognition and reactivity processes (both qualitatively and quantitatively) for chemicals that can underlie their biological/toxicological activity. A process that permits assessment of reaction equivalents delivered to biological systems may hold promise for grouping chemicals by common triggering mechanisms with clearly delineated toxicological endpoints. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - McKinney, J D AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711-2055, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 810 EP - 816 VL - 104 IS - 8 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Benzopyrenes KW - 0 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Benzopyrenes -- chemistry KW - Animals KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- chemistry KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Protein Binding KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78450579?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Reactivity+parameters+in+structure-activity+relationship-based+risk+assessment+of+chemicals.&rft.au=McKinney%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=McKinney&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=810&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-12 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-12 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Crit Rev Toxicol. 1990;21(1):51-88 [2124811] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jul;87:199-205 [2269226] Environ Health Perspect. 1990 Jul;87:227-32 [2269229] Biochem J. 1991 Jun 1;276 ( Pt 2):273-87 [1646595] Ann Occup Hyg. 1991 Jun;35(3):309-21 [1888102] Mol Endocrinol. 1991 Sep;5(9):1203-14 [1663211] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1992 Feb;112(2):171-81 [1539156] Carcinogenesis. 1992 Apr;13(4):547-53 [1576705] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Apr 22;101(1):36-44 [8390353] Chem Res Toxicol. 1993 Nov-Dec;6(6):754-63 [8117913] Environ Health Perspect. 1993 Oct;101(5):444-5 [8119256] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1994;24(1):1-74 [8172651] Environ Health Perspect. 1994 Mar;102(3):290-7 [8033869] Chem Res Toxicol. 1994 Sep-Oct;7(5):621-7 [7841340] Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 1995;35:341-68 [7598498] Toxicol Lett. 1995 Sep;79(1-3):115-22 [7570648] Chem Res Toxicol. 1995 Sep;8(6):847-58 [7492734] Drug Metab Dispos. 1996 Feb;24(2):203-10 [8742232] Biochem Pharmacol. 1979;28(4):561-3 [426878] Environ Health Perspect. 1980 Jun;36:103-17 [7428739] Chem Biol Interact. 1981 Jan;33(2-3):271-83 [6257406] Carcinogenesis. 1990 Oct;11(10):1811-8 [2208594] Toxicol Lett. 1989 Dec;49(2-3):199-214 [2690404] Arch Toxicol Suppl. 1989;13:440-5 [2505739] Carcinogenesis. 1987 Feb;8(2):253-64 [3802409] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1983;11(2):85-120 [6340969] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 May;60:57-68 [2992928] Environ Health Perspect. 1985 Sep;61:147-62 [3905371] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benzo[b]fluoranthene: tumorigenicity in strain A/J mouse lungs, DNA adducts and mutations in the Ki-ras oncogene. AN - 78270699; 8761429 AB - The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F) is a pervasive constituent of environmental combustion products. We sought to examine the lung tumorigenic activity of B[b]F in strain A/J mice, to study the relationship between formation and decay of B[b]F-DNA adducts and to examine mutations in the Ki-ras proto-oncogene in DNA from B[b]F-induced tumors. Mice were given i.p. injections of 0, 10, 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg body wt and lung adenomas were scored after 8 months. B[b]F induced significant numbers of mouse lung adenomas in a dose-related fashion, with the highest dose (200 mg/kg) yielding 6.95 adenomas/ mouse, with 100% of the mice exhibiting an adenoma. In mice given tricaprylin, the vehicle control, there were 0.60 adenomas/mouse, with 55% of the mice exhibiting an adenoma. Based on dose, B[b]F was less active than benzo[a]pyrene. DNA adducts were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by 32P-post-labeling in lungs of strain A/J mice 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 21 days after i.p. injection. Maximal levels of adduction occurred 5 days after treatment with the 200 mg/kg dose group, producing 1230 amol B[b]F-DNA adducts/microgram DNA. The major B[b]F-DNA adduct was identified by co-chromatography as trans-9, 10-dihydroxy-anti-11, 12-epoxy-5-hydroxy-9, 10, 11, 12-tetra-hydro-B[b]F-deoxyguanosine. Approximately 86% of the tumors had a mutation in codon 12 of the Ki-ras oncogene, as determined by direct DNA sequencing of PCR-amplified exon 1 and single-stranded conformation polymorphism analysis. Analysis of the Ki-ras mutation spectrum in 25 of 29 B[b]F-induced tumors revealed the predominant mutation to be a G-->T transversion in the first or second base of codon 12, congruous with the DNA adduct data. Our data are consistent with previous reports in mouse skin implicating a phenolic diol epoxide as the proximate carcinogenic form of B[b]F that binds to guanine. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Mass, M J AU - Abu-Shakra, A AU - Roop, B C AU - Nelson, G AU - Galati, A J AU - Stoner, G D AU - Nesnow, S AU - Ross, J A AD - Biochemistry and Pathobiology Branch (MD-68), National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 1701 EP - 1704 VL - 17 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - DNA Adducts KW - 0 KW - DNA Primers KW - Fluorenes KW - benzo(b)fluoranthene KW - FJO154KG1X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Base Sequence KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Lung Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Mice KW - Lung Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Male KW - Genes, ras KW - Fluorenes -- toxicity KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Mutation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78270699?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Benzo%5Bb%5Dfluoranthene%3A+tumorigenicity+in+strain+A%2FJ+mouse+lungs%2C+DNA+adducts+and+mutations+in+the+Ki-ras+oncogene.&rft.au=Mass%2C+M+J%3BAbu-Shakra%2C+A%3BRoop%2C+B+C%3BNelson%2C+G%3BGalati%2C+A+J%3BStoner%2C+G+D%3BNesnow%2C+S%3BRoss%2C+J+A&rft.aulast=Mass&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Regulatory application of ELISA: compliance monitoring of bromacil in soil. AN - 78123756; 8661908 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Linde, C D AU - Gee, S J AU - Goh, K S AU - Hsu, J C AU - Hammock, B D AU - Barry, T A AU - Weaver, D J AD - California Environmental Protection Agency, Department of Pesticide Regulation, Environmental Monitoring and Pesticide Management Branch, 1020 N Street, Sacramento, California 95814, USA. Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 264 EP - 269 VL - 57 IS - 2 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Bromouracil KW - 4HK400G5UO KW - bromacil KW - I048FFR2J0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Time Factors KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay -- methods KW - Bromouracil -- analysis KW - Herbicides -- analysis KW - Bromouracil -- analogs & derivatives KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78123756?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Regulatory+application+of+ELISA%3A+compliance+monitoring+of+bromacil+in+soil.&rft.au=Glaser%2C+John+A%3BMcCauley%2C+Paul+T%3BDosani%2C+Majid%3BKrishnan%2C+E+Radha%3BAlleman%2C+Bruce+C%3BLeeson%2C+Andrea&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-13 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Correcting errors in the thermodynamic database for the equilibrium speciation model MINTEQA2 AN - 52720021; 1997-037912 JF - Water Research (Oxford) AU - Serkiz, Steven M AU - Allison, Jerry D AU - Perdue, E Michael AU - Allen, Herbert E AU - Brown, David S Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 1930 EP - 1933 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0043-1354, 0043-1354 KW - data acquisition KW - physicochemical properties KW - data processing KW - mathematical models KW - MINTEQA2 KW - ions KW - equilibrium KW - inorganic materials KW - models KW - computer programs KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - metals KW - chemical properties KW - thermodynamic properties KW - geochemistry KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52720021?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.atitle=Correcting+errors+in+the+thermodynamic+database+for+the+equilibrium+speciation+model+MINTEQA2&rft.au=Serkiz%2C+Steven+M%3BAllison%2C+Jerry+D%3BPerdue%2C+E+Michael%3BAllen%2C+Herbert+E%3BBrown%2C+David+S&rft.aulast=Serkiz&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1930&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Research+%28Oxford%29&rft.issn=00431354&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00431354 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 2 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WATRAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical fractionation; chemical properties; chemical reactions; computer programs; data acquisition; data processing; equilibrium; geochemistry; inorganic materials; ions; ligands; mathematical models; metals; MINTEQA2; models; physicochemical properties; thermodynamic properties ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory experiments with heterogeneous reactions in mixed porous media AN - 52319157; 2000-063757 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Burris, David R AU - Hatfield, Kirk AU - Wolfe, N L Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 685 EP - 691 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 122 IS - 8 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - experimental studies KW - degradation KW - in situ KW - contaminant plumes KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - benzene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - water treatment KW - nitrobenzene KW - hydrocarbons KW - pump-and-treat KW - mass transfer KW - kinetics KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52319157?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Laboratory+experiments+with+heterogeneous+reactions+in+mixed+porous+media&rft.au=Burris%2C+David+R%3BHatfield%2C+Kirk%3BWolfe%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Burris&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=685&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; chemical reactions; contaminant plumes; degradation; experimental studies; ground water; hydrocarbons; in situ; kinetics; laboratory studies; mass transfer; nitrobenzene; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; pump-and-treat; remediation; transport; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analytical model for heterogeneous reactions in mixed porous media AN - 52316760; 2000-063756 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Hatfield, Kirk AU - Burris, David R AU - Wolfe, N L Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 676 EP - 684 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 122 IS - 8 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - solute transport KW - hazardous waste KW - sorption KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - water management KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - chemical waste KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - mass transfer KW - mobility KW - permeability KW - diffusivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52316760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Analytical+model+for+heterogeneous+reactions+in+mixed+porous+media&rft.au=Hatfield%2C+Kirk%3BBurris%2C+David+R%3BWolfe%2C+N+L&rft.aulast=Hatfield&rft.aufirst=Kirk&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=676&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; chemical waste; contaminant plumes; degradation; diffusivity; ground water; hazardous waste; mass transfer; mathematical models; mobility; permeability; pollution; porous materials; remediation; solute transport; sorption; water management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics of single and multiple metal ion sorption processes on humic substances AN - 50330087; 1996-066600 JF - Soil Science AU - Jin, X AU - Bailey, G W AU - Yu, Y S AU - Lynch, A T Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - August 1996 SP - 509 EP - 520 PB - Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore, MD VL - 161 IS - 8 SN - 0038-075X, 0038-075X KW - United States KW - sorption KW - organic residues KW - cobalt KW - copper KW - lead KW - humic acids KW - Altamaha Valley KW - simulation KW - temperature KW - ligands KW - chemical reactions KW - transport KW - sediments KW - cadmium KW - valency KW - kinetics KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - heavy metals KW - chromium KW - organic materials KW - pollutants KW - lithium KW - silver KW - alkali metals KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - models KW - peat KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - parent materials KW - cations KW - Georgia KW - chemical fractionation KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50330087?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Soil+Science&rft.atitle=Kinetics+of+single+and+multiple+metal+ion+sorption+processes+on+humic+substances&rft.au=Jin%2C+X%3BBailey%2C+G+W%3BYu%2C+Y+S%3BLynch%2C+A+T&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=X&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=161&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=509&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Soil+Science&rft.issn=0038075X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.soilsci.com LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 49 N1 - PubXState - MD N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - SOSCAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; alkali metals; Altamaha Valley; cadmium; cations; chemical fractionation; chemical reactions; chromium; cobalt; copper; geochemistry; Georgia; heavy metals; humic acids; humic substances; kinetics; lead; ligands; lithium; metals; models; organic acids; organic compounds; organic materials; organic residues; parent materials; peat; pH; pollutants; pollution; sediments; silver; simulation; sorption; temperature; transport; United States; valency ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of the vial equilibration technique for determination of metabolic rate constants for dichloromethane AN - 16058079; 4106939 AB - Metabolism of methylene chloride, or dichloromethane (DCM), plays a key role in determining the kinetics and carcinogenicity of the halocarbon. The objectives of this study were: to evaluate and optimize the vial equilibration technique, originally described by Sato and Nakajima (1979a), in order to characterize the hepatic metabolism of DCM by Sprague--Dawley rats; to employ different hepatic microsomal preparations to examine buffer effects on DCM metabolism; and to assess the relative importance and metabolic constants of the mixed-function oxidase (MFO) and glutathione (GSH) S-transferase (GST) metabolic pathways. A crude liver homogenate (20% w/v) was prepared from perfused livers of male Sprague--Dawley (S--D) rats (275-325 g). A 30% glycerol buffer was found to significantly inhibit DCM metabolism, while 0.25 M sucrose buffer containing 10 mM EDTA and 1.15% KCl did not. DCM was incubated with the liver 10,000g supernatant or microsomes and cofactors in sealed headspace vials. Disappearance of DCM, as a measure of the chemical's metabolism, was monitored by headspace gas chromatography. Different trials were conducted to elucidate time--, enzyme--, and substrate--activity relationships. The scaled-up K sub(m) and V sub(max) values for the microsomal fraction were quite similar to optimized in vivo values reported by other investigators. In the current study, DCM appeared to be metabolized preferentially by cytochrome P450 IIE1, since substrates (e.g., pyrazole, ethanol, and glycerol) for this isozyme completely inhibited DCM metabolism. Thus, glycerol should not be used as a P450 stabilizer for preparation or storage of microsomes. Phorone pretreatment caused marked hepatic GSH depletion, but had little effect on the overall rate of DCM metabolism. Quantitatively, the GST pathway in the cytosol played a very minor role in DCM metabolism. It was not possible to accurately calculate metabolic constants for this pathway in S--D rats. The vial equilibration technique, as described here, is a relatively simple and reliable method, which should be broadly applicable for measuring the microsomal metabolism of DCM and other VOCs. JF - Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology AU - Kim, C AU - Manning, RO AU - Brown, R P AU - Bruckner, J V AD - Health Sciences Branch (HFZ-112), Office of Science and Technology, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, USA Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 243 EP - 251 VL - 139 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - metabolic rate KW - rats KW - dichloromethane KW - cytochrome P450 KW - glycerol KW - phorone KW - glutathione KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - microsomes KW - liver KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16058079?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Applied+Pharmacology&rft.atitle=Use+of+the+vial+equilibration+technique+for+determination+of+metabolic+rate+constants+for+dichloromethane&rft.au=Kim%2C+C%3BManning%2C+RO%3BBrown%2C+R+P%3BBruckner%2C+J+V&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Barbara&rft.date=1997-01-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=181&rft.isbn=1574770284&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - microsomes; liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatocyte expression of tumor associated aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-3) and p21 Ras following diethylnitrosamine (DEN) initiation and chronic exposure to di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DHEP) AN - 15773080; 3989091 AB - Phthalate esters such as di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) either promote or inhibit rat liver tumorigenesis depending on the carcinogenesis protocol. In this study, we examined the expression of two histochemical markers, the tumor associated isozyme of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH-3) and the oncoprotein p21 Ras, in the livers of male F344 rats. The rats were initiated with DEN and further treated with either DEHP (a known inhibitor of hepatocarcinogenesis), phenobarbital (PB, a known promoter of hepatocarcinogenesis), or a combination of DEHP and PB. The studies were designed to examine the expression of these markers in both normal appearing liver and hepatic hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions and to correlate the early expression of the markers at 26 weeks in the normal appearing liver to later tumor incidence at 52 weeks. The expression of each marker was detected by immunohistochemical methods on formalin-fixed paraffin embedded sections of normal appearing liver or liver lesions. We found that ALDH-3 and p21 expression were significantly enhanced in rats receiving PB after DEN initiation at 26 weeks and that the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas was likewise increased compared to control or DEN only treated animals. DEN initiation followed by a combination of PB and either 0.1 or 0.5% DEHP significantly reduced ALDH-3 but not p21 Ras expression at 26 weeks compared to DEN plus PB only. These treatment regimens also reduced the incidence of hepatocellular carcinomas at 52 weeks. DEN followed by any of the three doses of DEHP without PB resulted in ALDH-3 expression similar to DEN alone. However, p21 Ras expression was significantly increased after these treatments. For all treatment groups, both the early (26 weeks) expression of p21 Ras and ALDH-3 correlated with hepatocellular carcinoma incidence at 52 weeks. However, the correlation between hepatocellular carcinoma and ALDH-3 expression was better than p21 Ras or the other markers we have studied. We concluded that ALDH-3 expression is significantly downregulated after DEHP treatment, and that expression of the isozyme correlated with later hepatocarcinoma incidence and may indicate a significant relationship between ALDH-3 expression and hepatocarcinogenesis during DEHP treatment. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Richmond, R E AU - Carter, J H AU - Carter, H W AU - Daniel, F B AU - Deangelo, AB AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Research Center, Mail Drop 68. Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996/08// PY - 1996 DA - Aug 1996 SP - 1647 EP - 1655 VL - 17 IS - 8 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - rats KW - aldehyde dehydrogenase KW - Ras protein KW - p21 protein KW - N-nitrosodiethylamine KW - bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate KW - Oncogenes & Growth Factors Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - liver KW - hepatocytes KW - X 24200:Nitrosamines & related compounds KW - B 26130:Ras and Ras related oncogenes (Rho/Rac/Ral) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15773080?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Hepatocyte+expression+of+tumor+associated+aldehyde+dehydrogenase+%28ALDH-3%29+and+p21+Ras+following+diethylnitrosamine+%28DEN%29+initiation+and+chronic+exposure+to+di%282-ethylhexyl%29+phthalate+%28DHEP%29&rft.au=Richmond%2C+R+E%3BCarter%2C+J+H%3BCarter%2C+H+W%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BDeangelo%2C+AB&rft.aulast=Richmond&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-08-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - hepatocytes; liver ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative cancer assessment for vinyl chloride: indications of early-life sensitivity. AN - 78213378; 8711737 AB - Complementary sources of information are analyzed to characterize the early-life cancer risk from inhaling vinyl chloride. A study of partial-lifetime exposures suggests that the lifetime cancer risk depends on age at exposure, with higher lifetime risks attributable to exposures at younger ages. Studies of newborn animal exposures further demonstrate that a brief exposure in newborns can, by the end of life, induce a higher incidence of tumors compared to long-term exposure occurring later in life, including tumor types not induced by exposure later in life. An empirical, quantitative approach is used to model early-life sensitivity to inhaled vinyl chloride, supplementing conventional approaches for estimating the increased cancer risk from lifetime exposure. A single estimate is not presumed to apply to the entire population; instead, the new approach makes distinctions about the cancer risks for different population segments. This assessment shows one way such information might be analyzed, presented, and used to assess actual exposure situations. JF - Toxicology AU - Cogliano, V J AU - Hiatt, G F AU - Den, A AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, National Center for Environmental Assessment, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/07/17/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jul 17 SP - 21 EP - 28 VL - 111 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Vinyl Chloride KW - WD06X94M2D KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Age Factors KW - Disease Susceptibility KW - Vinyl Chloride -- toxicity KW - Neoplasms, Experimental -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Animals, Newborn -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78213378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+cancer+assessment+for+vinyl+chloride%3A+indications+of+early-life+sensitivity.&rft.au=Cogliano%2C+V+J%3BHiatt%2C+G+F%3BDen%2C+A&rft.aulast=Cogliano&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-07-17&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of four human studies of perinatal exposure to methylmercury for use in risk assessment. AN - 78208363; 8711732 AB - Newer data from human epidemiologic studies of methylmercury (MeHg) poisoning in which perinatal exposure occurred are available from four distinct populations. The results of an Iraqi grain-consuming population are compared to results from studies performed in fish-consuming groups in the Faroe Islands, the Seychelles Islands and in Peruvian fishing villages. A comparison of the results indicate that the Iraqi population does not represent a sensitive subpopulation within a perinatal group, but rather the relative lower threshold identified from this study was the results of confounders. Use of this benchmark dose for regulatory purposes may place a severe limitation upon fish consumption in the United States that is not fully supported by the scientific data. JF - Toxicology AU - Cicmanec, J L AD - National Risk Management Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. Y1 - 1996/07/17/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Jul 17 SP - 157 EP - 162 VL - 111 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Methylmercury Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Indian Ocean Islands -- epidemiology KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Denmark -- epidemiology KW - Iraq -- epidemiology KW - Risk Assessment KW - Peru -- epidemiology KW - Methylmercury Compounds -- poisoning KW - Food Contamination KW - Environmental Pollutants -- poisoning UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78208363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+four+human+studies+of+perinatal+exposure+to+methylmercury+for+use+in+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Cicmanec%2C+J+L&rft.aulast=Cicmanec&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-07-17&rft.volume=111&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Erratum In: Toxicology 1997 May 16;119(3):239 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capillary electrophoretic behavior of seven sulfonylureas. AN - 78753216; 9384737 AB - The electrophoretic behavior of seven sulfonylureas (bensulfuron methyl, sulfometuron methyl, nicosulfuron [accent], chlorimuron ethyl, thifensulfuron methyl [harmony], metsulfuron methyl, and chlorsulfuron) was studied under capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) conditions. Mixtures of these compounds were separated with very high efficiencies (2 x 10(5) theoretical plates) in a running buffer consisting of 3 parts acetate buffer (25 mM, pH 5.0) and 1 part acetonitrile. In this buffer system, acetonitrile was shown to be superior to methanol, acetone, and ethanol as a nonpolar additive, but any of these solvents can be used to reduce electroosmotic flow (EOF) and to obtain adequate separation. On-column detection limits at 214 nM were of the order of 80-100 fM. Micellar agents such as sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and sodium cholate (but not monosialoganglioside-Gm1 or starburst dendrimer, generation 2.5) improved separation in phosphate and borate buffers. Implications of these results for the development of methods to detect these compounds on matrices of environmental origin are discussed. In particular, the instability of these compounds in methanol is noted and degradation products are detected using free zone CE. The methanolysis products of sulfometuron are tentatively identified by tandem MS (negative ion conditions) as 2-amino-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine and 2-carboxymethylbenz(N-carboxymethyl)sulfonamide. JF - Journal of capillary electrophoresis AU - Matchett, W H AU - Winnik, W AU - Brumley, W C AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Las Vegas, NV 89193-3478, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 199 EP - 204 VL - 3 IS - 4 SN - 1079-5383, 1079-5383 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Indicators and Reagents KW - Micelles KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Chromatography -- methods KW - Electrophoresis, Capillary -- methods KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds -- isolation & purification KW - Sulfonylurea Compounds -- chemistry KW - Herbicides -- isolation & purification UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78753216?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.atitle=Capillary+electrophoretic+behavior+of+seven+sulfonylureas.&rft.au=Matchett%2C+W+H%3BWinnik%2C+W%3BBrumley%2C+W+C&rft.aulast=Matchett&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.issn=10795383&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-12-02 N1 - Date created - 1997-12-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Respiratory health effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. AN - 78685223; 9000301 AB - During the last 25 years, several hundred papers have been published on the respiratory health effects of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Various independent assessments have concluded that ETS causes lung cancer in adult nonsmokers and increases the risk of various noncancer effects, principally in children. The effects on children include pneumonia, bronchitis and bronchiolitis in young children; chronic middle ear effusion; increased frequency and severity of attacks among asthmatics; possible induction of asthma in previously asymptomatic individuals; small reductions in lung function; and symptoms of upper respiratory tract irritation. In nonsmoking adults, ETS exposure is associated with irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat, and with wheezing, symptoms of bronchitis, shortness of breath, and decreased lung function. The results of recent studies not only confirm and strengthen the above findings but also provide strong suggestive evidence that ETS causes sinonasal cancer and is a risk factor for sudden infant death syndrome. To mitigate such a preventable environmental health impact, public health measures to reduce involuntary ETS exposure are warranted. JF - Reviews on environmental health AU - Jinot, J AU - Bayard, S AD - Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 89 EP - 100 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 0048-7554, 0048-7554 KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Risk Factors KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Public Health Administration KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Child KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- prevention & control KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- etiology KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Respiratory Tract Diseases -- epidemiology KW - Tobacco Smoke Pollution -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78685223?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Respiratory+health+effects+of+exposure+to+environmental+tobacco+smoke.&rft.au=Jinot%2C+J%3BBayard%2C+S&rft.aulast=Jinot&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=89&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.issn=00487554&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Thermoregulatory aspects of environmental exposure to anticholinesterase agents. AN - 78682859; 9000302 AB - Anticholinesterase (antiChE) agents can be highly toxic to birds and mammals and constitute a major proportion of the pesticides used throughout the world. AntiChEs consist of the organophosphates (OP), which irreversibly inhibit the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and the carbamates (CB), which reversibly inhibit AChE. AChE inhibition elicits cholinergic stimulation in the central nervous system and in peripheral tissues and organs, which can lead to marked dysfunction of homeostatic systems, including temperature regulation. The control of body temperature uses cholinergic pathways in the integration and central processing of thermal information, as well as in the control of thermoeffector responses. Hence, the cholinergic stimulation elicited from exposure to antiChEs has profound effects on body temperature at rest as well as during exercise. Ambient heat and cold stress can also modulate the animal's sensitivity to antiChE exposure. After exposure to most OPs, rodents and other small species undergo a marked hypothermic response lasting up to 24 hours. On the other hand, humans exposed to OP pesticides rarely become hypothermic but rather experience a fever that may last many days. Recent studies monitoring body temperature in OP-exposed, telemetered rats demonstrated that the initial hypothermic response is followed by a period of hyperthermia lasting several days. That the hyperthermia can be blocked with administration of sodium salicylate suggests that the hyperthermia is a fever. Thus, the antiChE-induced effects on body temperature and other physiological systems cannot be explained solely by the immediate consequences of AChE inhibition and stimulation of cholinergic systems. Research into the mechanisms of action of antiChE toxicity will be improved with a better understanding of their effects on temperature regulation. JF - Reviews on environmental health AU - Gordon, C J AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 101 EP - 117 VL - 11 IS - 3 SN - 0048-7554, 0048-7554 KW - Carbamates KW - 0 KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors KW - Insecticides KW - Organophosphorus Compounds KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Humans KW - Acclimatization KW - Disease Models, Animal KW - Exercise KW - Fever -- chemically induced KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Cholinesterase Inhibitors -- adverse effects KW - Hypothermia -- chemically induced KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78682859?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Thermoregulatory+aspects+of+environmental+exposure+to+anticholinesterase+agents.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=101&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+on+environmental+health&rft.issn=00487554&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Comment In: Rev Environ Health. 2007 Oct-Dec;22(4):i-ii [18351225] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The influence of vision on computerized neurobehavioral test scores: a proposal for improving test protocols. AN - 78450099; 8866529 AB - Computerized tests of neurobehavioral function are frequently administered in neurotoxicological studies with little attention given to the optical properties of test stimuli or to the vision of subjects. Yet many test stimuli are small or briefly presented, and test endpoints often involve short reaction times. Stimulus detection and reaction time are known to be strongly dependent upon stimulus luminance, contrast, and size, as well as on the subject's visual abilities. The current study assessed the influence of visual contrast sensitivity on Neurobehavioral Evaluation System 2 (NES2) test results in three data sets. Analyses indicated that vision was associated with up to 24% of the variance (Hand Eye Coordination test) in NES2 scores, even when visual acuity was normal, and that vision often influenced the significance of group differences. It is suggested that researchers measure the luminance, contrast, and size of test stimuli, the distance from the subject's eyes to the monitor, and the subject's visual contrast sensitivity. The measurement and control of stimulus parameters and the inclusion of visual function scores in analysis models could reduce the variability among computerized test scores both within and between studies. Models that assess the influence of vision on computerized test results may help to identify the CNS domains and specialized functions adversely affected by neurotoxicant exposures. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Otto, D A AU - House, D E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. hudnell@am.herl.epa.gov PY - 1996 SP - 391 EP - 400 VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Solvents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Contrast Sensitivity -- drug effects KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Humans KW - Solvents -- adverse effects KW - Calibration KW - Lighting KW - Child KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Adolescent KW - Electronics KW - Female KW - Male KW - Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted -- methods KW - Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted -- instrumentation KW - Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted -- standards KW - Neuropsychological Tests -- standards KW - Vision, Ocular -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78450099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=The+influence+of+vision+on+computerized+neurobehavioral+test+scores%3A+a+proposal+for+improving+test+protocols.&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BOtto%2C+D+A%3BHouse%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=391&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-24 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fourteen-day toxicity study of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene in Fischer 344 rats. AN - 78417676; 8854214 AB - Toxic effects of 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) in male and female rats were evaluated by feeding powdered certified laboratory chow diet supplemented with varied concentrations of TNB (0, 50, 200, 400, 800 and 1200 mg kg-1 diet) for 14 days. Food intake by female rats in 400, 800 and 1200 mg TNB diet groups was reduced and resulted in a significant decrease in absolute body weights (BW). Food and water consumption by male rats in high-dose groups (800 and 1200 mg TNB kg-1 diet) was also reduced and resulted in a significant decrease in body weight. The calculated average TNB intake (from 1200 mg TNB kg-1 diet) was 92 mg kg-1 BW day-1 for male rats and 80 mg kg-1 BW day-1 for females. A decrease in testicular weight in males and an increase in spleen weight of both sexes in high-dose groups was noted. In addition, histopathological examinations revealed that the susceptible organs for TNB toxicity were kidney (hyaline droplets), spleen (extramedullary hematopoiesis), brain (hemorrhage, malacia and gliosis) and testes (seminiferous tubular degeneration). Hematology and clinical chemistry studies indicated a decrease in red blood cell count and hematocrit, a decrease in alkaline phosphatase, an increase in Heinz bodies and increased methemoglobin concentration as compared to controls in both sexes. A lowest observed adverse effect level of 4.41 mg TNB kg-1 BW day-1 was established based on the findings of this study. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Reddy, T V AU - Olson, G R AU - Wiechman, B AU - Reddy, G AU - Robinson, M AU - Torsella, J A AU - Daniel, F B AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 289 EP - 295 VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Trinitrobenzenes KW - 0 KW - sym-trinitrobenzene KW - 2H75703R1X KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Cerebral Cortex -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Testis -- pathology KW - Anemia -- chemically induced KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Organ Size KW - Body Weight KW - Rats KW - Hematologic Tests KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Cerebral Cortex -- pathology KW - Female KW - Male KW - Trinitrobenzenes -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78417676?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Fourteen-day+toxicity+study+of+1%2C3%2C5-trinitrobenzene+in+Fischer+344+rats.&rft.au=Reddy%2C+T+V%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BWiechman%2C+B%3BReddy%2C+G%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BTorsella%2C+J+A%3BDaniel%2C+F+B&rft.aulast=Reddy&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=289&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-14 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-14 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of atrazine on ovarian function in the rat. AN - 78365628; 8829248 AB - The effect of the chlorotriazine herbicide, atrazine, on ovarian function was studied in Long-Evans hooded (LE-hooded) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Atrazine was administered by gavage for 21 d to females displaying regular 4-d estrous cycles. In both strains, 75 mg/kg/d disrupted the 4-d ovarian cycle; however, no distinct alteration (i.e., irregular cycles but not persistent estrus or diestrus) was apparent at this dose. At 150 mg/kg/d, atrazine induced repetitive pseudopregnancies in females of both strains. The highest dose tested (300 mg/kg/d) also induced repetitive pseudopregnancies in the SD females, while the ovaries of the LE-hooded female appeared regressed and the smear cytology was indicative of the anestrous condition. Although a NOAEL was not established, the doses employed in this experiment were in excess of those used in chronic feeding studies in which an early onset of mammary gland tumors was noted. These data demonstrate that atrazine can disrupt ovarian function and bring about major changes in the endocrine profile of the female. JF - Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) AU - Cooper, R L AU - Stoker, T E AU - Goldman, J M AU - Parrish, M B AU - Tyrey, L AD - Endocrinology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 257 EP - 264 VL - 10 IS - 4 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - Herbicides KW - 0 KW - Atrazine KW - QJA9M5H4IM KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Female KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Herbicides -- toxicity KW - Ovary -- physiology KW - Estrus -- drug effects KW - Atrazine -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78365628?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+toxicology+%28Elmsford%2C+N.Y.%29&rft.atitle=Effect+of+atrazine+on+ovarian+function+in+the+rat.&rft.au=Cooper%2C+R+L%3BStoker%2C+T+E%3BGoldman%2C+J+M%3BParrish%2C+M+B%3BTyrey%2C+L&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=4%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=353&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bioremediation&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-09 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-09 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting soil sorption coefficients of organic chemicals using a neural network model AN - 52791428; 1996-079086 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Gao, Chao AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Tabak, Henry H Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 1089 EP - 1096 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - hazardous waste KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - sorption KW - PCBs KW - organochlorine pesticides KW - partitioning KW - triazines KW - octanol KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - water KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - insecticides KW - experimental studies KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - solubility KW - petroleum products KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - DDT KW - hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - regression analysis KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52791428?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Predicting+soil+sorption+coefficients+of+organic+chemicals+using+a+neural+network+model&rft.au=Gao%2C+Chao%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BTabak%2C+Henry+H&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=Chao&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1089&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 28 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; carbon; chemical composition; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; DDT; experimental studies; halogenated hydrocarbons; hazardous waste; herbicides; hydrocarbons; insecticides; models; octanol; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; organochlorine pesticides; partitioning; PCBs; pesticides; petroleum products; pollution; prediction; regression analysis; sediments; soils; solubility; sorption; statistical analysis; triazines; water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of equilibrium partitioning to establish sediment quality criteria for nonionic chemicals; a reply to Iannuzzi et al. AN - 52791381; 1996-079084 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Ankley, G T AU - Berry, W J AU - Di Toro, D M AU - Hansen, D J AU - Hoke, R A AU - Mount, D R AU - Reiley, M C AU - Swartz, R C AU - Zarba, C S Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 1019 EP - 1024 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 15 IS - 7 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - water quality KW - benthic taxa KW - bioavailability KW - partitioning KW - toxicity KW - description KW - carbon KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - particulate materials KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - organic materials KW - experimental studies KW - numerical models KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - equilibrium KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved materials KW - nonionic organic chemicals KW - pore water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52791381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Use+of+equilibrium+partitioning+to+establish+sediment+quality+criteria+for+nonionic+chemicals%3B+a+reply+to+Iannuzzi+et+al.&rft.au=Ankley%2C+G+T%3BBerry%2C+W+J%3BDi+Toro%2C+D+M%3BHansen%2C+D+J%3BHoke%2C+R+A%3BMount%2C+D+R%3BReiley%2C+M+C%3BSwartz%2C+R+C%3BZarba%2C+C+S&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=1019&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to discussion see Iannuzzi, T. J. et al., Environ. Toxicol. Chem., Vol. 14, p. 1257-1259, 1995; for reference to original see Di Toro, D. M. et al., Environ. Toxicol. Chem., Vol. 10, p. 1541-1583, 1991 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; bioavailability; carbon; chemical composition; chemical properties; description; dissolved materials; equilibrium; experimental studies; nonionic organic chemicals; numerical models; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; particulate materials; partitioning; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; pore water; sediments; solubility; statistical analysis; toxicity; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the degradation of methyl bromide in sea water AN - 51059547; 1996-066352 JF - Geophysical Research Letters AU - Jeffers, Peter M AU - Wolfe, N Lee Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - July 1996 SP - 1773 EP - 1776 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 23 IS - 14 SN - 0094-8276, 0094-8276 KW - chlorine KW - sea water KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - rates KW - temperature KW - ozone KW - organic compounds KW - methyl bromide KW - chemical reactions KW - chloride ion KW - agrochemicals KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - ion exchange KW - geochemistry KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51059547?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.atitle=On+the+degradation+of+methyl+bromide+in+sea+water&rft.au=Jeffers%2C+Peter+M%3BWolfe%2C+N+Lee&rft.aulast=Jeffers&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=14&rft.spage=1773&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geophysical+Research+Letters&rft.issn=00948276&rft_id=info:doi/10.1029%2F96GL01670 L2 - http://www.agu.org/journals/gl/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GPRLAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; chemical reactions; chloride ion; chlorine; degradation; geochemistry; halogenated hydrocarbons; halogens; hydrolysis; ion exchange; methyl bromide; organic compounds; ozone; pollutants; pollution; rates; sea water; temperature DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/96GL01670 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence of Gross Pathological Abnormalities in Estuarine Fishes AN - 20541644; 9227351 AB - Gross external pathological abnormalities are frequently used as indicators of anthropogenic influence in estuarine and marine waters, but little baseline information is available to identify what constitutes normal prevalences (percentages of animals affected). To establish this baseline, trawl samples were collected from 120 randomly located estuarine sites in the Virginian biogeographic province (mid-Atlantic) in 1990 and from 220 randomly located sites in the Louisianian biogeographic province (Gulf Coast) in 1991 and 1992. Sediment contaminant concentrations were measured at each site. In all, 24,291 fish representing 143 species were examined for gross pathological abnormalities, and background prevalences were estimated to be 0.5% in midAtlantic and 0.7% in Gulf Coast estuaries. Fifteen types of gross abnormalities were noted. Skin lesions were the most prevalent abnormalities in both provinces, followed by ocular abnormalities (e.g., exophthalmia, keratitis) in the Virginian Province and branchial chamber abnormalities (e.g., parasites, gill arch deformities) in the Louisianian Province. The prevalence of gross abnormalities was about three times higher for demersal fish than for pelagic fish and was about eight times more prevalent at sites with high sediment contaminant concentrations. Among the major estuarine systems of the mid-Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coastlines, pathological abnormalities were most prevalent in Galveston Bay and lowest in Long Island Sound and Mississippi Sound. JF - Transactions of the American Fisheries Society AU - Fournie, John W AU - SUMMERS, JKEVIN AU - Weisberg, Stephen B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, Gulf Ecology Division, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, Florida 32561, USA Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 581 EP - 590 PB - American Fisheries Society, 5410 Grosvenor Ln. VL - 125 IS - 4 SN - 0002-8487, 0002-8487 KW - Pollution Abstracts; Oceanic Abstracts; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; Aqualine Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - Pelagic fisheries KW - Gulfs KW - ANW, USA, Virginian Province KW - Sound KW - Sediment Contamination KW - Gills KW - anthropogenic factors KW - Biogeography KW - Estuaries KW - Brackish KW - Coastal zone KW - Keratitis KW - Fish KW - Contaminants KW - Abnormalities KW - Parasites KW - Pisces KW - Islands KW - Pollutants KW - ASW, USA, Alabama, Mississippi Sound KW - Sounds KW - Lesions KW - Brackishwater environment KW - Coasts KW - Sediment pollution KW - ANW, USA, Virginian Biogeographic Prov. KW - Skin KW - ANW, USA, Long Island Sound KW - ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay KW - Sediments KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - Skin diseases KW - Exophthalmia KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies KW - Q1 08484:Species interactions: parasites and diseases KW - SW 3030:Effects of pollution KW - AQ 00008:Effects of Pollution KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/20541644?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aaqualine&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.atitle=Prevalence+of+Gross+Pathological+Abnormalities+in+Estuarine+Fishes&rft.au=Fournie%2C+John+W%3BSUMMERS%2C+JKEVIN%3BWeisberg%2C+Stephen+B&rft.aulast=Fournie&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=125&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=581&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Transactions+of+the+American+Fisheries+Society&rft.issn=00028487&rft_id=info:doi/10.1577%2F1548-8659%281996%291252.3.CO%3B2 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2009-05-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Sediment pollution; Pelagic fisheries; Exophthalmia; Biogeography; Estuaries; Brackishwater environment; Gills; Abnormalities; Coasts; Islands; Skin diseases; Sound; Keratitis; Contaminants; Sediments; Parasites; Coastal zone; Skin; anthropogenic factors; Lesions; Fish; Pollutants; Sounds; Sediment Contamination; Gulfs; Pisces; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ANW, USA, Virginian Province; ANW, USA, Virginian Biogeographic Prov.; ANW, USA, Long Island Sound; ASW, USA, Alabama, Mississippi Sound; ASW, USA, Texas, Galveston Bay; Brackish DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/1548-8659(1996)125<0581:POGPAI>2.3.CO;2 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The role of mycorrhizas in the response of Pinus taeda seedlings to elevated CO sub(2) AN - 15778209; 3988929 AB - The effects of mycorrhizal status, phosphorus supply and CO sub(2) partial pressure on production and allocation of biomass in seedlings from two populations of Pinus taeda L. were examined. Seedlings from a North Carolina and a Florida population were grown in sterile soil in full-factorial experiment with one of two phosphorus treatments (low P, high P) and at one of two CO sub(2) partial pressures (35.5, 71.0 Pa). One half of the seedlings were inoculated with Pisolithus tinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch hyphae and spores. Seedlings were harvested 60, 90 and 120 d after emergence. Elevated CO sub(2) significantly increased total seedling dry mass in all treatments at all three harvests. Phosphorus limitation reduced seedling growth, and mycorrhizas increased seedling growth in seedlings limited by phosphorus supply. Generally, however, there were no interactions between CO sub(2), phosphorus supply and mycorrhizal status on dry mass of seedlings. Mycorrhizas probably did not affect the response of dry mass to elevated CO sub(2) because phosphorus limitation did not reduce response of dry mass to elevated CO sub(2). Phosphorus-limited seedlings responded to elevated CO sub(2) as a result of increased phosphorus uptake, resulting from increased total root dry mass, and increased phosphorus use efficiency. Although mycorrhizal colonization did not affect the response of biomass to elevated CO sub(2), it significantly reduced the response of needle area. As a result, specific leaf area (leaf area per unit plant biomass) was lower in mycorrhizal seedlings grown in elevated CO sub(2) than in mycorrhizal seedlings grown in ambient CO sub(2). Because there were no effects on relative growth rate or seedling dry mass, reductions in specific leaf area suggest that elevated CO sub(2) reduced the relative cost of the symbiosis. JF - New Phytologist AU - Lewis, J D AU - Strain, B R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 200 S.W. 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA. Y1 - 1996/07// PY - 1996 DA - Jul 1996 SP - 431 EP - 443 VL - 133 IS - 3 SN - 0028-646X, 0028-646X KW - carbon dioxide KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology; Ecology Abstracts KW - atmospheric conditions KW - Pinus taeda KW - ectomycorrhizas KW - USA, Southeast KW - leaf area KW - growth KW - D 04635:Conifers KW - A 01044:General KW - K 03096:Mycorrhiza UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15778209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Phytologist&rft.atitle=The+role+of+mycorrhizas+in+the+response+of+Pinus+taeda+seedlings+to+elevated+CO+sub%282%29&rft.au=Lewis%2C+J+D%3BStrain%2C+B+R&rft.aulast=Lewis&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-07-01&rft.volume=133&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=431&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=New+Phytologist&rft.issn=0028646X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Pinus taeda; USA, Southeast; ectomycorrhizas; atmospheric conditions; growth; leaf area ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantitative structure-activity relationships for the developmental toxicity of haloacetic acids in mammalian whole embryo culture. AN - 78517938; 8910981 AB - Developmental toxicity in mouse whole embryo culture assay has been reported for acetic acid (AA) and a series of ten haloacetic acids, including mono-, di-, tri-fluoro (MFA, DFA, TFA), chloro (MCA, DCA, TCA), bromo (MBA, DBA, TBA), and monoiodo (MIA) acetic acids. Benchmark concentrations (BCm), calculated as the lower 95% confidence limit of molar acid concentration producing a 5% increase in embryos with neural tube defects, provided potency estimates for development of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs). The best overall regression was obtained for the ten halo-acids (excluding AA) and related log (1/BCm) to the energy of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (Elumo) and acid dissociation constant (pKa) with a correlation coefficient of r = 0.97, and a sample size-adjusted r2 = 0.92. This QSAR suggested a common basis for the mechanism of HA activity, which would imply additivity for mixtures of these acids. Examination of QSARs for subsets of the total data set (e.g., monohaloacids) highlighted parameter relationships embedded in the total QSAR, helping to unravel the separate contributions of Elumo and pKa to the overall potency. The relevance of these parameters is discussed in terms of postulated mechanisms of developmental toxicity involving changes in intercellular pH and redox metabolism. The whole embryo assay results pertain to direct embryo exposure and toxicity without the confounding influence of maternal factors. The resulting QSAR model offers possible insight into the mechanism of embryo toxicity that will hopefully contribute to understanding of the more complex, in vivo teratogenicity problem. JF - Teratology AU - Richard, A M AU - Hunter, E S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 352 EP - 360 VL - 53 IS - 6 SN - 0040-3709, 0040-3709 KW - Acetates KW - 0 KW - Teratogens KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Mice KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Acetates -- chemistry KW - Teratogens -- toxicity KW - Teratogens -- chemistry KW - Embryo, Mammalian -- drug effects KW - Acetates -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78517938?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Teratology&rft.atitle=Quantitative+structure-activity+relationships+for+the+developmental+toxicity+of+haloacetic+acids+in+mammalian+whole+embryo+culture.&rft.au=Richard%2C+A+M%3BHunter%2C+E+S&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=53&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=352&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Teratology&rft.issn=00403709&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-18 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-18 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - On the oral carcinogenicity of cadmium. AN - 78350936; 8812970 JF - Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP AU - Collins, J F AU - Brown, J P AU - Painter, P R AU - Zeise, L A AU - Alexeeff, G V AU - Wade, M J AU - Siegel, D M AU - Wong, J J AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley, California, 94704, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 298 EP - 299 VL - 23 IS - 3 SN - 0273-2300, 0273-2300 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Cadmium KW - 00BH33GNGH KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - Cadmium Poisoning KW - Rats, Wistar KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Male KW - Risk Assessment KW - Cadmium -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Cadmium -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78350936?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.atitle=On+the+oral+carcinogenicity+of+cadmium.&rft.au=Collins%2C+J+F%3BBrown%2C+J+P%3BPainter%2C+P+R%3BZeise%2C+L+A%3BAlexeeff%2C+G+V%3BWade%2C+M+J%3BSiegel%2C+D+M%3BWong%2C+J+J&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Regulatory+toxicology+and+pharmacology+%3A+RTP&rft.issn=02732300&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone toxicity in the mouse: comparison and modeling of responses in susceptible and resistant strains. AN - 78322403; 8806922 AB - Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated a concentration-related hypothermia and increases in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid indexes of toxicity in the rat after exposure to environmentally relevant levels of ozone (O3). In similar studies with C57BL/6J (B6) and C3H/HeJ (C3) mice, other investigators have reported differential effects on BAL toxicity indexes between the two strains after O3 exposure. The present study investigated the relationship between the reported strain differences in BAL parameters in B6 and C3 mice exposed to O3 and the induced hypothermic response. Male 80-day-old mice (n = 94, 47/strain) were used for these studies. Subsets (n = 8/strain) of these animals were surgically implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that permitted continuous monitoring of core body temperature and activity. All telemetry animals and an equal number of nontelemetry animals (n = 8/strain) were exposed to filtered air for 24 h followed by a 2-h exposure to 2 parts/million 16O3. With use of a similar protocol, groups of nontelemetry mice (n = 12/strain) were exposed to either filtered air or 2 parts/million 16O3 for 2 h. At 0 or 22 h postexposure, mice were anesthetized with halothane and intubated, and their lungs were lavaged with 37 degrees C saline. Although both strains of mice exhibited significant abrupt decreases in core body temperature on exposure to O3 and both recovered rapidly after cessation of the O3 exposure, the response of the C3 mice was more dynamic than that of the B6 mice. Similarly, both strains showed characteristic changes in biomarkers of O3 toxicity; however, the increases in BAL fluid protein and cells at 22 h postexposure were significantly greater and the percentage of neutrophils was significantly less in B6 mice than in C3 mice. It is possible that the strain differences in BAL constituents may be related to the differences in the hypothermic response. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Watkinson, W P AU - Highfill, J W AU - Slade, R AU - Hatch, G E AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 2134 EP - 2142 VL - 80 IS - 6 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Telemetry KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Mice, Inbred C3H KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage KW - Mice KW - Male KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- physiology KW - Ozone -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78322403?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Ozone+toxicity+in+the+mouse%3A+comparison+and+modeling+of+responses+in+susceptible+and+resistant+strains.&rft.au=Watkinson%2C+W+P%3BHighfill%2C+J+W%3BSlade%2C+R%3BHatch%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Watkinson&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=2134&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A physiologically based toxicokinetic model for dermal absorption of organic chemicals by fish. AN - 78301835; 8789789 AB - A physiologically based toxicokinetic model was developed to describe dermal absorption of waterborne organic chemicals by fish. The skin was modeled as a discrete compartment into which compounds diffuse as a function of chemical permeability and the concentration gradient. The model includes a countercurrent description of chemical flux at fish gills and was used to simulate dermal-only exposures, during which the gills act as a route of elimination. The model was evaluated by exposing adult rainbow trout and channel catfish to hexachloroethane (HCE), pentachloroethane (PCE), and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TCE). Skin permeability coefficients were obtained by fitting model simulations to measured arterial blood data. Permeability coefficients increased with the number of chlorine substituent groups, but not in the manner expected from a directly proportional relationship between dermal permeability and skin:water chemical partitioning. An evaluation of rate limitations on dermal flux in both trout and catfish suggested that chemical absorption was limited more by diffusion across the skin than by blood flow to the skin. Modeling results from a hypothetical combined dermal and branchial exposure indicate that dermal uptake could contribute from 1.6% (TCE) to 3.5% (HCE) of initial uptake in trout. Dermal uptake rates in catfish are even higher than those in trout and could contribute from 7.1% (TCE) to 8.3% (PCE) of initial uptake in a combined exposure. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Nichols, J W AU - McKim, J M AU - Lien, G J AU - Hoffman, A D AU - Bertelsen, S L AU - Elonen, C M AD - Mid-Continent Ecology Division-Duluth, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Minnesota 55804, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 229 EP - 242 VL - 31 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated KW - 0 KW - tetrachloroethane KW - 25322-20-7 KW - hexachloroethane KW - G30K3QQT4J KW - Ethane KW - L99N5N533T KW - pentachloroethane KW - QOJ9TH7LDL KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Skin Absorption KW - Ethane -- analogs & derivatives KW - Ethane -- pharmacokinetics KW - Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated -- pharmacokinetics KW - Ictaluridae -- metabolism KW - Oncorhynchus mykiss -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78301835?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=A+physiologically+based+toxicokinetic+model+for+dermal+absorption+of+organic+chemicals+by+fish.&rft.au=Nichols%2C+J+W%3BMcKim%2C+J+M%3BLien%2C+G+J%3BHoffman%2C+A+D%3BBertelsen%2C+S+L%3BElonen%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=229&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A pharmacokinetic model of anaerobic in vitro carbon tetrachloride metabolism. AN - 78135592; 8665616 AB - Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is a potent hepatotoxic agent whose toxicity is mediated through cytochome P450-dependent metabolism. Results from anaerobic in vitro experiments with hepatic microsomes isolated from male F-344 rats indicate that chlorofom (CHCl3) formation from CCl4 is nonlinear with dose. Dose is traditionally expressed as the amount of CCl4 added to the vial. In this study, a pharmacokinetic model has been developed to calculate the concentration of CCl4 in the microsomal suspension. Hepatic microsomes prepared from fed and fasted animals were incubated with CCl4 under anaerobic conditions and formation of CHCl3 over a 5-min incubation period was monitored by headspace gas chromatography. Dose-response curves, based on total amount of CCl4 added to the microsomes, revealed a nonlinear, biphasic appearance of CHCl3, with fasting slightly increasing CHCl3 production in microsomes prepared from fasted rats. Microsomes were also pretreated with the CYP2E1 inhibitor, diallyl sulfone (DAS), before addition of CCl4. In uninhibited microsomes, there appeared to be a high-affinity saturable phase of metabolism occurring at lower concentrations followed by a linear phase at higher CCl4 concentrations. Following DAS pretreatment, the saturable portion of the dose-response curve was inhibited more than the linear phase with the biphasic CHCl3 production becoming more linear. DAS inhibition eliminated the effect of fasting on CHCl3 formation. The best fit kinetic constants for the saturable phase resulted in an estimate of V(max) of 0.017 mg/h/mg protein (V(maxc) = 7.61 mg/h/kg) and Km of 2.3 mg/l (15 microM). The linear phase rate constant (kf) was determined to be 0.046 h-1) (kfc = 0.03 h-1). In conclusion, a pharmacokinetic model has been developed for anaerobic in vitro metabolism of CCl4 to CHCl3 that estimates metabolic rates based on CHCl3 formation and actual CCl4 concentration in the microsomal suspension. JF - Chemico-biological interactions AU - Andersen, N J AU - Waller, C L AU - Adamovic, J B AU - Thompson, D J AU - Allis, J W AU - Andersen, M E AU - Simmons, J E AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch (MD-74), United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 13 EP - 31 VL - 101 IS - 1 SN - 0009-2797, 0009-2797 KW - Allyl Compounds KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Enzyme Inhibitors KW - Sulfones KW - diallyl sulfone KW - 16841-48-8 KW - Chloroform KW - 7V31YC746X KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Carbon Tetrachloride KW - CL2T97X0V0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 KW - EC 1.14.13.- KW - Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating KW - EC 1.5.- KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Food KW - Allyl Compounds -- pharmacology KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Fasting KW - Models, Biological KW - Rats KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Sulfones -- pharmacology KW - Enzyme Inhibitors -- pharmacology KW - Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Oxidoreductases, N-Demethylating -- metabolism KW - Anaerobiosis KW - Male KW - Chloroform -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- metabolism KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- metabolism KW - Microsomes, Liver -- enzymology KW - Carbon Tetrachloride -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78135592?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.atitle=A+pharmacokinetic+model+of+anaerobic+in+vitro+carbon+tetrachloride+metabolism.&rft.au=Andersen%2C+N+J%3BWaller%2C+C+L%3BAdamovic%2C+J+B%3BThompson%2C+D+J%3BAllis%2C+J+W%3BAndersen%2C+M+E%3BSimmons%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Andersen&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=101&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemico-biological+interactions&rft.issn=00092797&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-02 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Increased [3H]phorbol ester binding in rat cerebellar granule cells and inhibition of 45Ca2+ sequestration in rat cerebellum by polychlorinated diphenyl ether congeners and analogs: structure-activity relationships. AN - 78058329; 8658526 AB - Our previous reports indicate that ortho-substituted non-coplanar polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners perturbed neuronal Ca2+-homeostasis in vitro, altered agonist-stimulated inositol phosphate accumulation, and caused protein kinase C (PKC) translocation. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) with 24 PCB congeners was consistent with a chlorination pattern that favored non-coplanarity while those with chlorination that favored coplanarity were less active. To test the hypothesis that coplanarity (or lack thereof) is a significant factor in the activity of PCBs, studies with related classes of chemicals such as the polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs), in which coplanarity is more difficult to achieve regardless of degree and pattern of chlorination, were initiated. The selected PCDEs and their analogs are predicted to be active, since they are non-coplanar in nature. The effects of these chemicals were studied using the same measures for which PCBs had differential effects based on structural configuration. These measures include PKC translocation as determined by [3H]-phorbol ester ([3H]PDBu) binding in cerebellar granule cells and 45Ca2+ sequestration as determined by 45Ca2+ uptake by microsomes and mitochondria isolated from adult rat cerebellum. All the PCDE congeners studied, increased [3H]PDBu binding in a concentration-dependent manner. The order of potency was 2,4,4'-trichlorodiphenyl ether > 4,4'-dichlorodiphenyl ether > diphenyl ether, 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorodiphenyl ether and, 2,2',4,4',5- and 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorodiphenyl ethers. The structurally related diphenyl ether nitrofen and diphenyl ethanes o,p'-1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis[p-chlorophenyl]ethane (DDT) and p,p'-DDT increased [3H]PDBu binding to a similar extent (28-35% stimulation at 100 microM). All PCDE congeners and their analogs inhibited 45Ca2+ sequestration by microsomes and mitochondria. Of all the chemicals, unchlorinated diphenyl ether was the least active. These results are in agreement with previous SAR findings in which non-coplanar PCBs are active and support our hypothesis that the extent of coplanarity determined by a pattern of chlorination on certain aromatic hydrocarbons can weaken their potency in vitro, although the extent of chlorination is also important. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Ward, T R AU - McKinney, J D AU - Waller, C L AU - Tilson, H A AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 251 EP - 261 VL - 138 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Ethers KW - 0 KW - 2,2',4,4',5-pentachlorodiphenyl ether KW - 119036-18-9 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate KW - NI40JAQ945 KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Models, Molecular KW - Microsomes -- metabolism KW - Mitochondria -- metabolism KW - Male KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Pregnancy KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- metabolism KW - Cerebellum -- cytology KW - Ethers -- chemistry KW - Ethers -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate -- pharmacology KW - Ethers -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Cytoplasmic Granules -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- antagonists & inhibitors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78058329?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Increased+%5B3H%5Dphorbol+ester+binding+in+rat+cerebellar+granule+cells+and+inhibition+of+45Ca2%2B+sequestration+in+rat+cerebellum+by+polychlorinated+diphenyl+ether+congeners+and+analogs%3A+structure-activity+relationships.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D%3BWaller%2C+C+L%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=251&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Screening-level approach for estimating contaminant export from tributaries AN - 52813209; 1996-061141 JF - Journal of Environmental Engineering AU - Velleux, Mark AU - Gailani, Joseph AU - Endicott, Doug Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 503 EP - 514 PB - American Society of Civil Engineers, Environmental Engineering Division, New York, NY VL - 122 IS - 6 SN - 0733-9372, 0733-9372 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - water quality KW - Buffalo River KW - agricultural waste KW - PCBs KW - data processing KW - suspended materials KW - chemical waste KW - simulation KW - Lake Michigan KW - transport KW - mass balance KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - depositional environment KW - Wisconsin KW - discharge KW - soils KW - granulometry KW - North America KW - sediment transport KW - Lake Erie KW - Fox River KW - pollutants KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Oswego River KW - mathematical models KW - models KW - computer programs KW - case studies KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - detection KW - Lake Winnebago KW - industrial waste KW - waste disposal KW - tailings KW - point sources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52813209?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.atitle=Screening-level+approach+for+estimating+contaminant+export+from+tributaries&rft.au=Velleux%2C+Mark%3BGailani%2C+Joseph%3BEndicott%2C+Doug&rft.aulast=Velleux&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=122&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=503&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Engineering&rft.issn=07339372&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JOEEDU N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agricultural waste; Buffalo River; case studies; chemical waste; chlorinated hydrocarbons; computer programs; data processing; depositional environment; detection; discharge; Fox River; granulometry; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; industrial waste; Lake Erie; Lake Michigan; Lake Winnebago; mass balance; mathematical models; models; New York; North America; organic compounds; Oswego River; PCBs; point sources; pollutants; pollution; sediment transport; simulation; soils; surface water; suspended materials; tailings; transport; United States; waste disposal; water quality; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The correlation analysis method applied to data analysis of pump tests AN - 52146381; 2002-013159 AB - The paper presents that the correlation analysis method has been applied to the data analysis on the pumping-out test for different exploration. The method is rather simple in practical application and gives better results. JF - Heilongjiang Dizhi = Heilongjiang Geology AU - Zhang, Huanzhi AU - Lu, Wanbin Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 26 EP - 35 PB - Heilongjiang Sheng Dizhi Kuangchanju, Ha'erbin VL - 7 IS - 2 SN - 1002-2325, 1002-2325 KW - pump tests KW - numerical analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - pumping KW - data processing KW - mathematical models KW - ground water KW - correlation coefficient KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52146381?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Heilongjiang+Dizhi+%3D+Heilongjiang+Geology&rft.atitle=The+correlation+analysis+method+applied+to+data+analysis+of+pump+tests&rft.au=Zhang%2C+Huanzhi%3BLu%2C+Wanbin&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=Huanzhi&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=26&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Heilongjiang+Dizhi+%3D+Heilongjiang+Geology&rft.issn=10022325&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Document feature - 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - correlation coefficient; data processing; ground water; mathematical models; numerical analysis; pump tests; pumping; statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of a lumped, nonlinear kinetics model to metal sorption on humic substances AN - 50331673; 1996-061099 JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Yu, Y Shane AU - Bailey, George W AU - Jin, Xianchan Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 552 EP - 561 PB - American Society of Agronomy, [and] Crop Science Society of America, [and] Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 25 IS - 3 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - sorption KW - cobalt KW - copper KW - landfills KW - lead KW - humic acids KW - ions KW - ground water KW - transport KW - cadmium KW - mobility KW - kinetics KW - chromium KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - toxic materials KW - pollutants KW - lithium KW - silver KW - physicochemical properties KW - alkali metals KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - Laplace transformations KW - aquifers KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - metals KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50331673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Application+of+a+lumped%2C+nonlinear+kinetics+model+to+metal+sorption+on+humic+substances&rft.au=Yu%2C+Y+Shane%3BBailey%2C+George+W%3BJin%2C+Xianchan&rft.aulast=Yu&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=552&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://jeq.scijournals.org/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JEVQAA N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; aquifers; cadmium; chromium; cobalt; copper; ground water; humic acids; humic substances; ions; kinetics; landfills; Laplace transformations; lead; lithium; mathematical models; metals; mobility; models; organic acids; organic compounds; organic materials; physicochemical properties; pollutants; pollution; prediction; silver; soils; sorption; toxic materials; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The risk of sea level rise; a delphic Monte Carlo analysis in which twenty researchers specify subjective probability distributions for model coefficients within their respective areas of expertise AN - 50120684; 2010-001879 AB - This paper estimates the probability distribution of future sea level rise implied by the subjective assessments of 20 climate and glacial process modelers regarding particular processes on which they have developed some expertise. Effects on the polar ice sheets are included. The results from combining all the models and reviewer assumptions are summarized and a procedure for projecting sea level at particular locations is presented. (Auth. mod.) JF - Climatic Change AU - Titus, James G AU - Narayanan, Vijay AU - Keith, David W Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - June 1996 SP - 151 EP - 212 PB - Springer, Dordrecht VL - 33 IS - 2 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - expert systems KW - atmospheric precipitation KW - Holocene KW - environmental effects KW - climate change KW - temperature KW - Cenozoic KW - Greenland KW - melting KW - probability KW - climate KW - polar regions KW - Quaternary KW - Arctic region KW - Monte Carlo analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - prediction KW - decision-making KW - ice sheets KW - models KW - sea-level changes KW - Antarctica KW - risk assessment KW - glacial geology KW - upper Holocene KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50120684?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=The+risk+of+sea+level+rise%3B+a+delphic+Monte+Carlo+analysis+in+which+twenty+researchers+specify+subjective+probability+distributions+for+model+coefficients+within+their+respective+areas+of+expertise&rft.au=Titus%2C+James+G%3BNarayanan%2C+Vijay%3BKeith%2C+David+W&rft.aulast=Titus&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=151&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from the Antarctic Bibliography, United States N1 - Date revised - 2010-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 87 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - CLCHDX N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Antarctica; Arctic region; atmospheric precipitation; Cenozoic; climate; climate change; decision-making; environmental effects; expert systems; glacial geology; Greenland; Holocene; ice sheets; melting; models; Monte Carlo analysis; polar regions; prediction; probability; Quaternary; risk assessment; sea-level changes; statistical analysis; temperature; upper Holocene ER - TY - CONF T1 - Mitigation potential of carbon dioxide emissions by management of forests in Asia AN - 16514276; 4416762 AB - Substantial areas of available forest lands in Asia could be managed for conservation and sequestration of carbon (C). These include 133 Mha for establishment of plantations and agroforests, 33.5 Mha for slowed tropical deforestation, and 48 Mha for natural and assisted regeneration of tropical forests. The potential quantity of C conserved and sequestered on these lands was conservatively estimated to be 24 Pg C (1 Pg = 10 super(15) g) by 2050. Establishment of plantations and agroforests could account for 58% of the total mitigation potential on Asian forest lands. The amount of C that could be conserved and sequestered by all forest sector practices by 2050 under baseline conditions is equivalent to about 4% of the global fossil fuel emissions over the same time period. The uncertainties in estimates of mitigation potential presented in this paper are likely to be high, particularly with respect to the land area available for forestation projects and the rate at which deforestation could be slowed. The uncertainty terms are compounded in making global estimates of the mitigation potential, perhaps to large proportions, but to what extent is presently unknown. An example of a forestry project in China whose main goal was to rehabilitate degraded lands and at the same time provide biomass fuel for the local rural inhabitants is presented to demonstrate that C sequestration, and thus mitigation, is an added benefit to more traditional uses of forests. This forestry project is currently mitigating CO sub(2) emissions (up to about 1.4 Mg C ha super(-1) yr super(-1)) and, with a change in management, an almost two-fold increase in the current reduction of net C emissions would occur. JF - AMBIO AU - Brown, S Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 273 EP - 278 VL - 25 IS - 4 KW - China KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - P 0000:AIR POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16514276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AMBIO&rft.atitle=Mitigation+potential+of+carbon+dioxide+emissions+by+management+of+forests+in+Asia&rft.au=Brown%2C+S&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=273&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AMBIO&rft.issn=00447447&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing water quality: New directions AN - 15780488; 3988727 AB - Two major new activities will help the public and water managers understand water quality and set management priorities. The first is implementation of a nationwide strategy to improve water quality monitoring. The strategy was developed by the Intergovernmental Task Force on Monitoring Water Quality (ITFM), a Federal/State consortium with an advisory committee of local and private experts. The strategy addresses nationwide monitoring design and collaboration, watershed and ecosystem components, environmental indicators, comparable monitoring methods, quality assurance and control, assessment and reporting, and specific monitoring tools. The other activity is the first national water environmental indicators report that characterizes the nation's waters and how well we are meeting the goals of the Clean Water Act. The indicators measure how well the nation is doing to achieve goals of public and ecosystem health, attainment of water uses such as fishing and swimming, improvement of ambient conditions, and prevention or reduction of pollutant loadings and other stressors. Two of the indicators concerns shellfish consumption and the condition of shellfish beds. The indicators will depend upon and employ a wide range of data providers and users such as the shellfish management industry. JF - Journal of Shellfish Research AU - Fellows, E AD - EPA Office Water, 4503F, 401 M St., Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996/06// PY - 1996 DA - Jun 1996 SP - 523 VL - 15 IS - 2 SN - 0077-5711, 0077-5711 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality KW - Marine KW - water quality KW - USA KW - shellfish fisheries KW - pollution monitoring KW - recreational waters KW - seafood KW - Brackish KW - public health KW - Q1 08601:General KW - Q5 08524:Public health, medicines, dangerous organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15780488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.atitle=Assessing+water+quality%3A+New+directions&rft.au=Fellows%2C+E&rft.aulast=Fellows&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-06-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Shellfish+Research&rft.issn=00775711&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water quality; pollution monitoring; shellfish fisheries; recreational waters; seafood; public health; USA; Marine; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Adaptation to ozone in rats and its association with ascorbic acid in the lung. AN - 78605288; 8998953 AB - Ozone (O3) adaptation is a well-known, but poorly understood phenomenon that has been demonstrated in humans and laboratory animals. This study examined pulmonary function and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) parameters in O3-adapted F-344 rats to explore possible mechanisms of adaptation. Of particular interest was ascorbic acid (AA), an antioxidant reported to be protective against O3 injury and found to be increased in O3-adapted rats. Adaptation was induced by exposure to 0.25 ppm O3, 12 hr/day for 6 or 14 weeks and evaluated with a challenge test, one that reexposed rats to 1.0 ppm O3 and measured attenuation in the O3 effect on frequency of breathing. Pulmonary function was assessed 1 day postexposure and adaptation and BALF were evaluated 1, 3, and 7 days postexposure. Results showed that forced vital capacity increased over time but decreased due to exposure and that the 14-week, O3-exposed rats had an increase in forced expiratory flow rate. All of the O3-exposed rats that were tested demonstrated adaptation on Postexposure Days 1, 3, and 7, but it was diminished on Day 7. Adaptation was also more pronounced in rats exposed for 14 weeks. Except for AA, BALF levels of total protein, potassium, lysozyme, uric acid, and alpha-tocopherol were unaffected by O3 exposure. Lactic acid dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and total glutathione were also assayed but were always below detectable limits. Ascorbic acid concentrations were elevated on Days 1, 3, and 7, showing postexposure patterns similar to those found for adaptation. Significant correlation was found between AA concentration and the magnitude of adaptation (r = 0.91, p < 0.002). We conclude that AA may play an important role in mechanisms associated with O3 adaptation in rats. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Wiester, M J AU - Tepper, J S AU - Winsett, D W AU - Crissman, K M AU - Richards, J H AU - Costa, D L AD - Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 56 EP - 64 VL - 31 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Antioxidants KW - 0 KW - Oxidants, Photochemical KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Ascorbic Acid KW - PQ6CK8PD0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Respiratory Function Tests KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Antioxidants -- metabolism KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Male KW - Oxidants, Photochemical -- toxicity KW - Adaptation, Physiological -- drug effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Ascorbic Acid -- pharmacology KW - Lung -- physiology KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78605288?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Adaptation+to+ozone+in+rats+and+its+association+with+ascorbic+acid+in+the+lung.&rft.au=Wiester%2C+M+J%3BTepper%2C+J+S%3BWinsett%2C+D+W%3BCrissman%2C+K+M%3BRichards%2C+J+H%3BCosta%2C+D+L&rft.aulast=Wiester&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=56&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of genetic toxicology data in U.S. EPA risk assessment: the mercury study report as an example. AN - 78285825; 8781402 AB - Assessment of human health risks of environmental agents has often been limited to consideration of the potential for the agent to cause cancer or general systemic toxicity after long-term exposure. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) is increasingly moving toward the development of integrated assessments, which consider all potential health end points including developmental toxicity, neurotoxicity, immunotoxicity, reproductive effects, and germ cell mutagenicity. The U.S. EPA has a responsibility to assess risks to nonhuman species or ecosystems when appropriate data are available. An example of a recent integrated human health and ecological risk assessment can be found in the U.S. EPA Mercury Study Report to Congress. This report covers the following topics in separate volumes: an inventory of anthropogenic mercury emissions in the United States; an exposure assessment using measured and predicted values and including indirect dietary exposure; an evaluation of human health risks; an assessment of ecologic risk wherein water criteria are presented for several wildlife species; an overall integrated characterization of human and nonhuman risk; and a discussion of risk management considerations. In the evaluation of human health risk, genetic toxicology data were considered for three forms of mercury: elemental, inorganic (divalent), and methylmercury. These data were used in judgments of two types of potential health effects (carcinogenicity and germ cell mutagenicity). In assessment of potential carcinogenicity of inorganic and methylmercury, genetic toxicity data were key. Data for clastogenicity in the absence of mutagenicity supported the characterization of inorganic and methylmercury as materials that produce carcinogenic effects only at high, toxic doses. The evidence for clastogenicity, coupled with information on metabolism and distribution, resulted in a judgment of a moderate degree of concern (or weight of evidence) that inorganic mercury can act as a human germ cell mutagen. For methylmercury, the degree of concern for germ cell mutagenicity is high. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Schoeny, R AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment-Cincinnati, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Ohio 45268, USA. schoeny.rita@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 663 EP - 673 VL - 104 Suppl 3 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Mutagens KW - Mercury KW - FXS1BY2PGL KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Mutagens -- adverse effects KW - Humans KW - Neoplasms -- chemically induced KW - Carcinogenicity Tests KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Germ-Line Mutation KW - Neoplasms -- genetics KW - Male KW - Female KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Mercury -- adverse effects KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78285825?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Use+of+genetic+toxicology+data+in+U.S.+EPA+risk+assessment%3A+the+mercury+study+report+as+an+example.&rft.au=Schoeny%2C+R&rft.aulast=Schoeny&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+3&rft.issue=&rft.spage=663&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Food Chem Toxicol. 1991 Nov;29(11):777-9 [1761258] Carcinogenesis. 1982;3(6):657-62 [7116559] Mutat Res. 1992 Apr;281(4):255-60 [1373219] Arch Environ Health. 1970 Aug;21(2):133-9 [5464308] Mutat Res. 1972 Nov;16(3):332-6 [5078138] Mutat Res. 1973 Jan;17(1):93-9 [4682605] Biochem Pharmacol. 1975 Feb 15;24(4):489-93 [1167459] J Nutr. 1975 Apr;105(4):452-8 [1113210] Mutat Res. 1975 Dec;30(3):365-74 [1238902] Toxicology. 1976 Mar;5(3):337-49 [1265772] Toxicology. 1976 Jun;6(1):107-23 [941159] Environ Res. 1976 Dec;12(3):306-16 [1001301] Hereditas. 1979;90(1):103-9 [422393] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1979 Feb;21(3):296-303 [444719] Mutat Res. 1979 Jul;67(3):221-9 [481448] Arch Environ Health. 1979 Nov-Dec;34(6):461-3 [518128] Mutat Res. 1980 Mar;75(2):191-202 [7366601] Mutat Res. 1980 Feb;77(2):109-16 [6769036] J Environ Pathol Toxicol. 1980 Jun-Jul;3(5-6):437-47 [7441095] Environ Mutagen. 1979;1(3):259-68 [553805] Cancer Lett. 1981 May;12(4):305-10 [7306934] Mutat Res. 1982 Apr;104(1-3):141-5 [7078567] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1982 Mar;9(3):367-76 [7097791] Teratology. 1982 Jun;25(3):381-4 [6214038] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1982 Jun 15;64(1):108-17 [7112574] Mutat Res. 1982 Sep;102(2):183-92 [6216401] Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1982 Sep 30;108(2):614-9 [7150310] Environ Health Perspect. 1983 Jan;47:239-53 [6337826] Mol Pharmacol. 1983 Jul;24(1):84-9 [6223207] Environ Mutagen. 1983;5(5):679-86 [6617598] Mutat Res. 1983 Nov;124(2):163-73 [6646156] Environ Mutagen. 1984;6(1):59-69 [6229401] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1984;53(3):257-60 [6706421] Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1983 Dec;45(6):747-57 [6672406] Mutat Res. 1984 Mar-Apr;131(3-4):173-81 [6717471] Chem Biol Interact. 1984 Apr;49(1-2):209-24 [6233017] Biochem Pharmacol. 1984 May 15;33(10):1661-70 [6233980] Toxicol Lett. 1984 Jun;21(3):247-53 [6234683] Can J Comp Med. 1984 Jul;48(3):299-302 [6478300] Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 1984;54(2):135-46 [6480121] Mol Pharmacol. 1984 Sep;26(2):360-8 [6090887] Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1984 Aug;46(4):549-57 [6238193] J Occup Med. 1984 Nov;26(11):817-21 [6502285] Mutat Res. 1985 Jan-Feb;155(1-2):49-51 [3881664] Environ Res. 1985 Apr;36(2):379-88 [3884331] Mutat Res. 1994 Jan;320(1-2):23-9 [7506384] J Epidemiol Community Health. 1985 Sep;39(3):244-50 [4045367] Sci Total Environ. 1986 Jan;48(1-2):81-94 [3945798] Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1986 Mar 8;292(6521):662 [3081218] Mol Pharmacol. 1986 Feb;29(2):173-8 [3951430] Nihon Juigaku Zasshi. 1986 Feb;48(1):127-35 [3959366] J Toxicol Environ Health. 1986;18(4):595-605 [3735459] Mol Pharmacol. 1987 Feb;31(2):200-7 [3027530] Arch Neurol. 1987 Oct;44(10):1017-22 [2443112] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1988 Apr;40(4):597-603 [3285919] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1989 Jan;12(1):23-33 [2925016] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1989 May;12(4):629-97 [2663577] Toxicol Pathol. 1989;17(2):266-93 [2675279] Toxicol Pathol. 1989;17(2):294-306 [2675280] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1990 Jan;14(1):179-90 [2307316] Br J Ind Med. 1990 Feb;47(2):99-104 [2310721] Arch Environ Health. 1991 Mar-Apr;46(2):82-9 [2006898] Toxicol Lett. 1991 Apr;56(1-2):179-86 [2017776] Mutagenesis. 1991 May;6(3):189-92 [1881349] Scand J Work Environ Health. 1991 Aug;17(4):263-8 [1925438] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of pregnancy outcome following thiram-induced ovulatory delay in the female rat. AN - 78250957; 8725639 AB - A single injection of the dithiocarbamate fungicide, thiram, suppresses the proestrous surge of LH and delays ovulation for 24 h. In this study, we examined fertility after a thiram-induced delayed ovulation. Females were injected with thiram (50 mg/kg, IP) on proestrus (1300 h) and mated on the following evening. Control and thiram-treated, but nondelayed, females were injected and mated on the same day. The number of females in the thiram-delayed group that became pregnant was reduced and litter size on GD 20 was reduced: however, no obvious morphological anomalies were seen. The number of pregnant females and litter size was not altered in the thiram-nondelayed rats, indicating that it is the thiram-induced delay in ovulation and not the exposure to thiram per se that was responsible for altered pregnancy outcome. On GD 7 and 11, the number of live fetuses per litter was reduced in the delayed females, but the number of implantation sites was not different from controls. On GD 11 the mean developmental score, head length, crown-rump length, and somite number in the delayed group were also reduced, indicating retarded development of live embryos. These results demonstrate that delayed ovulation induced by a single thiram exposure does not alter the number of oocytes released or the number that implant. However, the concept from these females are compromised during midgestation. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Stoker, T E AU - Cooper, R L AU - Goldman, J M AU - Andrews, J E AD - Endocrinology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 277 EP - 282 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Antifungal Agents KW - 0 KW - Thiram KW - 0D771IS0FH KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Antifungal Agents -- toxicity KW - Fetal Resorption -- chemically induced KW - Thiram -- toxicity KW - Estrus -- drug effects KW - Fertility -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78250957?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+pregnancy+outcome+following+thiram-induced+ovulatory+delay+in+the+female+rat.&rft.au=Stoker%2C+T+E%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BGoldman%2C+J+M%3BAndrews%2C+J+E&rft.aulast=Stoker&rft.aufirst=T&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=277&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comments on "developmental neurotoxicity of PCBs in humans: what do we know and where do we go from here"? AN - 78248524; 8725633 JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Gray, L E AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Reproductive Toxicology Division, NHEERL, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 243 EP - 5; discussion 271-6 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - North Carolina KW - Adult KW - Child KW - Michigan KW - Japan KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Developmental Disabilities -- etiology KW - Child Development -- drug effects KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78248524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Comments+on+%22developmental+neurotoxicity+of+PCBs+in+humans%3A+what+do+we+know+and+where+do+we+go+from+here%22%3F&rft.au=Gray%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=L&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the effects of N-hydroxy-IDPN on the auditory, vestibular, and olfactory systems in rats. AN - 78248261; 8725642 AB - The mechanism of neurotoxicity of 3,3'-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) has been widely debated, with either the parent compound or putative metabolites implicated in various studies. The N-hydroxylated form of IDPN (HO-IDPN) has been reported to cause the excitation with choreiform and circling (ECC) syndrome in rats at doses approximately one-eighth of that required to cause comparable signs in rats treated with IDPN. Because of the similarity of symptoms induced by HO-IDPN and IDPN, we investigated the effect of HO-IDPN on other aspects of the nervous system affected by IDPN, specifically the auditory, vestibular, and olfactory systems. In addition, ECC symptoms were quantified to replicate the previous findings. HO-IDPN was administered ip in saline for 3 consecutive days to two different cohorts of young adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. The first cohort (60, 80, 100, and 120 mg/kg; n = 2/group, except for the 120 mg/kg group, where n = 1) was used in a dose range-finding study. After making the neurobehavioral assessments, animals were sacrificed for olfactory mucosal histopathology. Based on the outcome of the first study, the second cohort (n = 10/group) received saline or HO-IDPN at 100 mg/kg/day for 3 consecutive days. Two animals from each of these groups were sacrificed for olfactory mucosal histopathology; the remaining animals were tested for neurobehavioral effects 3 weeks after the last dose. Animals in the second cohort lost approximately 8% of their pretreatment body weight. All rats receiving the 100 mg/kg/day dose of HO-IDPN (and the rat receiving 120 mg/kg/day) developed the ECC syndrome and signs of vestibular dysfunction within 4 days after the last dose. HO-IDPN caused a large decrease in the acoustic startle response and markedly elevated auditory thresholds at all frequencies tested. The threshold for the ECC syndrome and olfactory mucosal damage was 100 mg/kg. These studies extend previous findings on the neurotoxicity of HO-IDPN and point to the need for determining whether HO-IDPN is an in vivo metabolite of IDPN. JF - Neurotoxicology and teratology AU - Crofton, K M AU - Zhao, X AU - Sayre, L M AU - Genter, M B AD - Neurotoxicology Division, NHEERL, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 297 EP - 303 VL - 18 IS - 3 SN - 0892-0362, 0892-0362 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Nitriles KW - N-hydroxy-3,3'-iminodipropionitrile KW - 108203-25-4 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Male KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Auditory Threshold -- drug effects KW - Olfactory Mucosa -- pathology KW - Nitriles -- toxicity KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Olfactory Mucosa -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78248261?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+effects+of+N-hydroxy-IDPN+on+the+auditory%2C+vestibular%2C+and+olfactory+systems+in+rats.&rft.au=Crofton%2C+K+M%3BZhao%2C+X%3BSayre%2C+L+M%3BGenter%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Crofton&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology+and+teratology&rft.issn=08920362&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Helping schoolchildren with asthma breathe easier: partnerships in community-based environmental health education. AN - 78236177; 8743428 AB - Hospitalizations and deaths attributed to asthma are increasing, and the disease has disproportionate impacts on children and minority populations, particularly African-Americans. Because asthma hospitalizations and deaths are viewed by many experts as preventable events, and because asthma's toll is so significant in economic terms, increased efforts to reverse these trends, particularly among the most affected groups, are warranted. Reducing exposures to airborne pollutants known to trigger asthma in both indoor and outdoor environments is one important preventive strategy. The public-private partnership effort to implement the Open Airways for Schools asthma management curriculum in urban elementary schools, with its emphasis on pollution prevention, is an example of a community-based effort that may help decrease the toll asthma takes on society. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - O'Neill, M S AD - Indoor Environments Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 464 EP - 466 VL - 104 IS - 5 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Pollution -- prevention & control KW - Environmental Health KW - Humans KW - African Americans KW - Child KW - Asthma -- ethnology KW - Asthma -- prevention & control KW - Health Education -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78236177?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Helping+schoolchildren+with+asthma+breathe+easier%3A+partnerships+in+community-based+environmental+health+education.&rft.au=O%27Neill%2C+M+S&rft.aulast=O%27Neill&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=464&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-19 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Health Educ Q. 1987 Fall;14(3):267-79 [3654234] Toxicol Ind Health. 1993 Sep-Oct;9(5):843-78 [8184446] Annu Rev Public Health. 1993;14:491-513 [8323600] N Engl J Med. 1992 Mar 26;326(13):862-6 [1542323] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ozone toxicity in the rat. II. Modeling changes due to ambient temperatures and duration. AN - 78207245; 8727571 AB - Previous studies involving exposures to xenobiotic agents have demonstrated decreases in physiological parameters such as heart rate (HR) and core body temperature (Tco) and have shown that these toxic responses are modulated by changes in ambient temperature (Ta). We recently published the results of a study in which male Fischer 344 rats were implanted with radiotelemetry transmitters that permitted continuous monitoring of HR, Tco, and motor activity. These animals were divided into nine treatment groups (n = 4-5/group) composed of combinations of one of three O3-exposure regimens [0.0 parts/million (ppm) O3 x 24 h/day x 5 days; 0.5 ppm O3 x 6 h/day x 5 days; or 0.5 ppm O3 x 23 h/day x 5 days] at one of three Ta values (10,22, or 34 degrees C). We now report on statistical approaches for the modeling and analyses of these data. The models utilized were dependent on the treatment combinations. Circadian rhythms of Tco during air control periods were fit by cosine models. Overall effects of O3 in the 6- and 23-h exposure groups were best modeled by modified damped-sine and one-compartment models, respectively, for both HR and Tco. These results demonstrate improved methods for the evaluation of biorhythmicity. JF - Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) AU - Highfill, J W AU - Watkinson, W P AD - Biostatistics Branch, Environmental Toxicology Division, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 1811 EP - 1818 VL - 80 IS - 5 SN - 8750-7587, 8750-7587 KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Heart Rate -- drug effects KW - Circadian Rhythm -- physiology KW - Models, Biological KW - Ozone -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78207245?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.atitle=Ozone+toxicity+in+the+rat.+II.+Modeling+changes+due+to+ambient+temperatures+and+duration.&rft.au=Highfill%2C+J+W%3BWatkinson%2C+W+P&rft.aulast=Highfill&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=80&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1811&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+physiology+%28Bethesda%2C+Md.+%3A+1985%29&rft.issn=87507587&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-03 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spermatid micronucleus analysis of aging effects in hamsters. AN - 78099875; 8649459 AB - Spermatid micronuclei (MN) from Armenian hamsters in different age groups were compared with regard to frequencies and kinetochore status (presence or absence) as determined with immunofluorescent staining. Six thousand cells analyzed from each of fifteen young animals (3 months) revealed a group mean frequency of 0.45 MN/1000 spermatids; kinetochore staining was uniformly negative. Six thousand cells scored from each of fifteen older animals (2 years) revealed a group mean frequency of 1.00 MN/1000 spermatids. Most of the MN in these animals were negative for kinetochore staining, although a significant representation of MN with positive kinetochore staining was also observed. The results indicate that frequencies of spermatid MN increase with advancing age, and suggest that the increase is due to significant elevations in both chromosome breakage and chromosome loss. JF - Mutation research AU - Allen, J W AU - Collins, B W AU - Setzer, R W AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 261 EP - 266 VL - 316 IS - 5-6 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Kinetochores KW - Fluorescent Antibody Technique KW - Male KW - Cricetinae KW - Spermatids -- ultrastructure KW - Aging -- genetics KW - Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78099875?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Spermatid+micronucleus+analysis+of+aging+effects+in+hamsters.&rft.au=Allen%2C+J+W%3BCollins%2C+B+W%3BSetzer%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Allen&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=316&rft.issue=5-6&rft.spage=261&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of recirculating, static, and elutriate aquatic sediment bioassay procedures. AN - 78086053; 8661857 JF - Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Schuytema, G S AU - Nebeker, A V AU - Cairns, M A AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, Oregon 97333, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 742 EP - 749 VL - 56 IS - 5 SN - 0007-4861, 0007-4861 KW - Soil KW - 0 KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Filtration KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Fresh Water KW - Reference Standards KW - Daphnia KW - Biological Assay -- methods KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- analysis KW - Geologic Sediments -- analysis KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity KW - Soil -- analysis KW - Soil Pollutants -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78086053?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+recirculating%2C+static%2C+and+elutriate+aquatic+sediment+bioassay+procedures.&rft.au=Schuytema%2C+G+S%3BNebeker%2C+A+V%3BCairns%2C+M+A&rft.aulast=Schuytema&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=56&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=742&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Bulletin+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=00074861&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Time-dependent changes of inflammatory mediators in the lungs of humans exposed to 0.4 ppm ozone for 2 hr: a comparison of mediators found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid 1 and 18 hr after exposure. AN - 78041630; 8658507 AB - Acute exposure of humans to ozone results in reversible respiratory function decrements and cellular and biochemical changes leading to the production of substances which can mediate inflammation and acute lung injury. While pulmonary function decrements occur almost immediately after ozone exposure, it is not known how quickly the cellular and biochemical changes indicative of inflammation occur in humans. Increased bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid levels of neutrophils (PMNs) and prostaglandins (PGE2) have been reported in humans as early as 3 hr and as late as 18 hr after exposure. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a broad range of inflammatory mediators are elevated in BAl fluid within 1 hr of exposure. We exposed eight healthy volunteers twice: once to 0.4 ppm ozone and once to filtered air. Each exposure lasted for 2 hr during which the subjects underwent intermittent heavy exercise (66 liters/min). BAL was performed 1 hr after the exposure. Ozone induced rapid increases in PMNs, total protein, LDH, alpha-1 antitrypsin, fibronectin, PGE2, thromboxane B2, C3a, tissue factor, and clotting factor VII. In addition, there was a decrease in the recovery of total cells and alveolar macrophages, and decreased ability of alveolar macrophages to phagocytize Candida albicans. A comparison of these changes with changes observed in an earlier study in which subjects underwent BAL 18 hr after an identical exposure regimen indicates that IL-6 and PGE2 levels were higher 1 hr after exposure than 18 hr after exposure, fibronectin and tissue-plasminogen activator levels were higher 18 hr after exposure, and that PMNs, protein, and C3a were present at essentially the same levels at both times. These results indicate that (i) several inflammatory mediators are already elevated 1 hr after exposure; (ii) some mediators achieve their maximal levels in BAL fluid at different times following exposure. These data suggest that the inflammatory response is complex, depending on a cascade of timed events, and that depending on the mediator of interest one must choose an appropriate sampling time. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Devlin, R B AU - McDonnell, W F AU - Becker, S AU - Madden, M C AU - McGee, M P AU - Perez, R AU - Hatch, G AU - House, D E AU - Koren, H S AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 176 EP - 185 VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Blood Coagulation Factors KW - 0 KW - Eicosanoids KW - Fibronectins KW - Inflammation Mediators KW - Interleukins KW - Proteins KW - alpha 1-Antitrypsin KW - Ozone KW - 66H7ZZK23N KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase KW - EC 1.1.1.27 KW - Index Medicus KW - alpha 1-Antitrypsin -- analysis KW - Humans KW - L-Lactate Dehydrogenase -- analysis KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- drug effects KW - Leukocyte Count KW - Macrophages, Alveolar -- physiology KW - Fibronectins -- analysis KW - Cell Survival -- drug effects KW - Adult KW - Proteins -- analysis KW - Blood Coagulation Factors -- analysis KW - Phagocytosis -- drug effects KW - Eicosanoids -- analysis KW - Adolescent KW - Interleukins -- analysis KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- chemistry KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- physiopathology KW - Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid -- cytology KW - Ozone -- toxicity KW - Inflammation Mediators -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78041630?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Time-dependent+changes+of+inflammatory+mediators+in+the+lungs+of+humans+exposed+to+0.4+ppm+ozone+for+2+hr%3A+a+comparison+of+mediators+found+in+bronchoalveolar+lavage+fluid+1+and+18+hr+after+exposure.&rft.au=Devlin%2C+R+B%3BMcDonnell%2C+W+F%3BBecker%2C+S%3BMadden%2C+M+C%3BMcGee%2C+M+P%3BPerez%2C+R%3BHatch%2C+G%3BHouse%2C+D+E%3BKoren%2C+H+S&rft.aulast=Devlin&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=176&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Quantification of t(14;18) in the lymphocytes of healthy adult humans as a possible biomarker for environmental exposures to carcinogens. AN - 78038366; 8640906 AB - A t(14;18) chromosomal translocation is found in approximately 85% of follicular lymphomas by both cytogenetic and molecular analyses. This rearrangement deregulates expression of the bcl-2 proto-oncogene by translocation into the immuno-globulin heavy chain locus and is probably mediated by illegitimate V(D)J recombination. We have developed a quantitative nested PCR method for detecting this event in lymphocytes of healthy individuals. Genomic DNA is purified from peripheral blood lymphocytes, and 2.5 microg (representing 4 X 10(5) cells) are amplified with translocation-specific primers under conditions in which a single copy, if present, will give a detectable PCR product. Multiple replicates are analyzed for each individual, and Poisson statistics are then used to estimate the translocation mutant frequency. We have examined lymphocyte DNA from 34 healthy individuals by this assay and found the frequency of cells with t(14;18) to range from <0.8-96X10(-7). The molecular nature of the translocations has been investigated by determining the DNA sequence at the translocation junctions. In several individuals, multiple isolates of the same translocation event were recovered, indicating that the cell with the original translocation had undergone clonal expansion. In addition, multiple independent translocations were shown to occur within an individual. Since this translocation appears to be one step in the progression of a normal cell to a cancer cell, this assay may have utility as an effects biomarker for environmental carcinogen exposure. JF - Carcinogenesis AU - Fuscoe, J C AU - Setzer, R W AU - Collard, D D AU - Moore, M M AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 1013 EP - 1020 VL - 17 IS - 5 SN - 0143-3334, 0143-3334 KW - Biomarkers KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Polymerase Chain Reaction KW - Base Sequence KW - Adult KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin -- etiology KW - Molecular Sequence Data KW - Middle Aged KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins -- genetics KW - Female KW - Male KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 KW - Lymphocytes -- ultrastructure KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- toxicity KW - Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 KW - Translocation, Genetic UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78038366?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Carcinogenesis&rft.atitle=Quantification+of+t%2814%3B18%29+in+the+lymphocytes+of+healthy+adult+humans+as+a+possible+biomarker+for+environmental+exposures+to+carcinogens.&rft.au=Fuscoe%2C+J+C%3BSetzer%2C+R+W%3BCollard%2C+D+D%3BMoore%2C+M+M&rft.aulast=Fuscoe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1013&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Carcinogenesis&rft.issn=01433334&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relative potencies of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls derived from hepatic porphyrin accumulation in mice. AN - 78034584; 8658519 AB - Hepatic porphyrin accumulation was studied after subchronic dosing of female B6C3F1 mice by gavage with single congeners of polychlorinated or polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs, PBDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Quantitative hepatic porphyrin profile analyses in selected samples showed uroporphyrin and heptacarboxylporphyrin as the main porphyrins detected. Dose-dependent increases in total hepatic porphyrins were found for all congeners tested. At lower dose levels, relative potencies, based on administered dose as well as target tissue dose, of PCDDs, PCDFs, and coplanar PCBs, using 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin as a reference compound, were in the same range as those previously derived from the induction of hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 enzyme activities. CYP1A2 has been reported to be involved in the oxidation of uroporphyringen III to uroporphyrin III. All these facts suggest the involvement of an aryl hydrocarbon receptor-medicated mechanism in hepatic porphyrin accumulation, possibly via CYP1A2. However, the relative potencies of the mono-ortho-substituted PCBs were higher for hepatic porphyrin accumulation than for hepatic CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 induction. In addition, hepatic porphyrin accumulation was the highest after exposure to mono-ortho-PCBs. Since mono-ortho- substituted PCBs induce the phenobarbital-inducible CYP2B isoforms of cytochrome P450, an additional induction of delta-aminolevulinic acid synthetase may also contribute to hepatic porphyrin accumulation following subchronic exposure to these particular congeners. Relative potencies derived from hepatic porphyrin accumulation after PCDD, PCDF, or coplanar PCB administration are a useful tool in risk assessment. However, the higher potencies of the mono-ortho-substituted PCBs have important implications for risk assessment of these compounds. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - van Birgelen, A P AU - DeVito, M J AU - Akins, J M AU - Ross, D G AU - Diliberto, J J AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health and EnvironmentalResearch Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. birgelen@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 98 EP - 109 VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Porphyrins KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon KW - Soil Pollutants KW - Uroporphyrins KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Uroporphyrins -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon -- physiology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Mice, Inbred C57BL KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Female KW - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Soil Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Porphyrins -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Liver -- chemistry KW - Benzofurans -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78034584?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Relative+potencies+of+polychlorinated+dibenzo-p-dioxins%2C+dibenzofurans%2C+and+biphenyls+derived+from+hepatic+porphyrin+accumulation+in+mice.&rft.au=van+Birgelen%2C+A+P%3BDeVito%2C+M+J%3BAkins%2C+J+M%3BRoss%2C+D+G%3BDiliberto%2C+J+J%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=van+Birgelen&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=98&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Promotion of endometriosis by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in rats and mice: time-dose dependence and species comparison. AN - 78031514; 8658502 AB - In the disease of endometriosis, endometrial tissue grows outside the uterus, usually in the peritoneal cavity. Rodent models of endometriosis allow a way to reproduce the disease, evaluate effects of chemicals, and study mechanisms. Twenty-one days prior to induction surgery which produces endometriosis, female Sprague-Dawley rats and B6C3F1 mice were pretreated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) at 0, 3 or 10 micrograms TCDD/kg. Animals were treated again at the time of surgery and at 3, 6, and 9 weeks following surgery. Evaluations were made at 3, 6, 9, and 12 weeks postsurgery. TCDD produced a dose-dependent increase in endometriotic site diameter when all time points were pooled within each dose in rats and a dramatic increase in site diameter in mice at 9 and 12 weeks. In rats but not mice, ovarian weight was decreased at 9 and 12 weeks, the occurrence of persistent vaginal estrus was increased at these times, and histological evaluation of the ovaries revealed ovulatory arrest at 12 weeks. In both species, thymic antrophy, indicating immune dysfunction, and hepatomegaly were observed as consequences of TCDD exposure. Body weight was reduced in rats but not in mice. Histological evaluations of endometriotic sites revealed fibrosis in control rats, necrotic and inflammatory changes in the sites from TCDD-treated rats, and predominantly fibrotic changes in sites from TCDD-treated mice. Differences observed between the rat and the mouse with respect to (a) the magnitude of the effect on endometrial site diameter (rats mice) that may be based on the partial antiestrogenicity of TCDD, and (c) evidence that mice and rats differ in their immune response to TCDD suggest that the mechanisms mediating TCDD's action to promote endometriosis are complex and may be different in rats and mice. The mouse may be a better model for future studies necessary to elucidate these mechanisms. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Cummings, A M AU - Metcalf, J L AU - Birnbaum, L AD - Developmental Toxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 131 EP - 139 VL - 138 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Mice KW - Estrus -- drug effects KW - Uterus -- drug effects KW - Thymus Gland -- drug effects KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Ovary -- pathology KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Species Specificity KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Endometriosis -- pathology KW - Endometriosis -- chemically induced KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- administration & dosage KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Disease Models, Animal UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78031514?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Promotion+of+endometriosis+by+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+in+rats+and+mice%3A+time-dose+dependence+and+species+comparison.&rft.au=Cummings%2C+A+M%3BMetcalf%2C+J+L%3BBirnbaum%2C+L&rft.aulast=Cummings&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=138&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Latent Effects of Pesticides and Toxic Substances On Sexual Differentiation of Rodents AN - 760214364; 13641671 AB - In humans and rodents, exposure to hormonally active chemicals during sex differentiation can produce morphological pseudohermaphrodism (Schardein, 1993; Gray, 1992). For example, hormonally active drugs like DES (estrogenic), Danazol (androgenic), and progestins cause urogenital malformations in the reproductive tracts of humans and rodents. The current discussion will present new information on the effects of toxic chemicals and pesticides that act on reproductive development via novel mechanisms, including germ cell toxicity, antiandrogenicity, and Ah-receptor binding. Information will be presented that describes how exposure during critical stages of life to synthetic chemicals present in our environment, such as benzidine- based dyes, antiandrogenic fungicides, 2,3,7,8 tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), and PCB congener 169, result in abnormal rodent sex differentiation. In rodents, perinatal exposure to fetal germ cell toxicants reduced the reproductive potential of female, and permanently reduced sperm production in male progeny. Phenotypic sex differentiation, however, was unaffected by these germ cell toxicants. In contrast, antiandrogenic drugs and fungicides induced profound alterations in phenotypic sex differentiation. Effects such as hypospadias, ectopic testes, vaginal pouches, agenesis of the ventral prostate, and nipple retention in male rats were observed commonly. Although these antiandrogens induced no permanent effects in female progeny, another class of chemicals, the Ah-receptor mediated toxicants, did reduce fertility in both male and female rat offspring. Cauda epididymal sperm numbers were reduced permanently in TCDD-exposed male rat and hamster progeny, and female progeny displayed malformations of the external genitalia. Other toxicants produced dramatic alterations of sex differentiation (uterus unicornis, agenesis of the vas and epididymis, and undescended testes), via mechanisms that have not been characterized yet. Since these adult/pubertal alterations resulted from gestational and/or neonatal exposures, future studies should include a comprehensive assessment of reproductive function after perinatal exposure because the developing animal is extremely sensitive to toxicants during sex differentiation, and many of the effects are difficult to detect until late in life. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Gray, LEarl AU - Kelce, William R AD - Developmental Reproductive Toxicology Section Health Effects Research Laboratory U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, North Carolina Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 515 EP - 531 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 12 IS - 3-4 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - 3. Key Words: antiandrogens KW - germ cells KW - reproductive development KW - TCDD. KW - Chemicals KW - Testes KW - Fertility KW - Toxicants KW - Sperm KW - Reproductive system KW - Perinatal exposure KW - Congeners KW - progestin KW - Drugs KW - PCB KW - offspring KW - Uterus KW - Epididymis KW - Germ cells KW - Genitalia KW - TCDD KW - Toxicity KW - Sex differentiation KW - Fetuses KW - Nipples KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - antiandrogens KW - Dyes KW - Fungicides KW - Pesticides KW - Vagina KW - Progeny KW - Neonates KW - Prostate KW - rodents KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals KW - P 6000:TOXICOLOGY AND HEALTH UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760214364?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Latent+Effects+of+Pesticides+and+Toxic+Substances+On+Sexual+Differentiation+of+Rodents&rft.au=Gray%2C+LEarl%3BKelce%2C+William+R&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=LEarl&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=515&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823379601200323 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - Last updated - 2015-03-19 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Testes; Fertility; Toxicants; Sperm; Reproductive system; Perinatal exposure; Congeners; progestin; Drugs; PCB; Uterus; Epididymis; Germ cells; TCDD; Genitalia; Toxicity; Sex differentiation; Fetuses; Nipples; antiandrogens; polychlorinated biphenyls; Dyes; Vagina; Pesticides; Fungicides; Progeny; Neonates; Prostate; Chemicals; rodents; offspring DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379601200323 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of biota-sediment accumulation factors to assess similarity of nonionic organic chemical exposure to benthically-coupled organisms of differing trophic mode AN - 52820650; 1996-056443 JF - Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology AU - Tracey, G A AU - Hansen, D J Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 467 EP - 475 PB - Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg-Berlin VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0090-4341, 0090-4341 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Chordata KW - benthic taxa KW - pollutants KW - trophic analysis KW - surface water KW - PCBs KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - fresh-water environment KW - biota KW - Pisces KW - physical properties KW - organic compounds KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - chemical properties KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Vertebrata KW - pesticides KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52820650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Use+of+biota-sediment+accumulation+factors+to+assess+similarity+of+nonionic+organic+chemical+exposure+to+benthically-coupled+organisms+of+differing+trophic+mode&rft.au=Tracey%2C+G+A%3BHansen%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Tracey&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=467&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+Environmental+Contamination+and+Toxicology&rft.issn=00904341&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(4rb2jbyxcwtb1he1c13ybdmm)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100119,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - AECTCV N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; bioavailability; biota; chemical properties; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Chordata; fresh-water environment; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; PCBs; pesticides; physical properties; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sediments; surface water; trophic analysis; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of interstitial water as a route of exposure for ammonia in sediment tests with benthic macroinvertebrates AN - 52784051; 1996-079080 JF - Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry AU - Whiteman, Frank W AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Kahl, Michael D AU - Rau, Daniel M AU - Balcer, Mary D Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 794 EP - 801 PB - Pergamon, New York, NY VL - 15 IS - 5 SN - 0730-7268, 0730-7268 KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - benthic taxa KW - biochemistry KW - ammonium ion KW - damage KW - pollution KW - bioavailability KW - measurement KW - laboratory studies KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - toxicity KW - chemical reactions KW - sediments KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - pesticides KW - chemical composition KW - pore water KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52784051?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+interstitial+water+as+a+route+of+exposure+for+ammonia+in+sediment+tests+with+benthic+macroinvertebrates&rft.au=Whiteman%2C+Frank+W%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T%3BKahl%2C+Michael+D%3BRau%2C+Daniel+M%3BBalcer%2C+Mary+D&rft.aulast=Whiteman&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=794&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Toxicology+and+Chemistry&rft.issn=07307268&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/122563640/home?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 32 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonium ion; aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; bioavailability; biochemistry; chemical composition; chemical reactions; concentration; damage; detection; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; laboratory studies; measurement; microorganisms; organic compounds; pesticides; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; pore water; sediments; toxic materials; toxicity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Bioremediation of an experimental oil spill on the shoreline of Delaware Bay AN - 52755307; 1997-018470 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Venosa, Albert D AU - Suidan, Makram T AU - Wrenn, Brian A AU - Strohmeier, Kevin L AU - Haines, John R AU - Eberhart, B Loye AU - King, Dennis AU - Holder, Edith Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 1764 EP - 1775 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 5 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - degradation KW - mass spectra KW - variations KW - remediation KW - oil spills KW - spectra KW - Delaware Bay KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - Delaware KW - pollutants KW - background level KW - pollution KW - solubility KW - nearshore environment KW - bioremediation KW - nutrients KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - marine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52755307?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Bioremediation+of+an+experimental+oil+spill+on+the+shoreline+of+Delaware+Bay&rft.au=Venosa%2C+Albert+D%3BSuidan%2C+Makram+T%3BWrenn%2C+Brian+A%3BStrohmeier%2C+Kevin+L%3BHaines%2C+John+R%3BEberhart%2C+B+Loye%3BKing%2C+Dennis%3BHolder%2C+Edith&rft.aulast=Venosa&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1764&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 38 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Atlantic Coastal Plain; background level; biodegradation; bioremediation; degradation; Delaware; Delaware Bay; detection; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; marine environment; mass spectra; microorganisms; monitoring; nearshore environment; nutrients; oil spills; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; solubility; spectra; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Episodic acidification of small streams in the Northeastern United States; Episodic Response Project AN - 52394447; 2000-015407 JF - Ecological Applications AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - Baker, J P AU - DeWalle, D R AU - Kretser, W A AU - Murdoch, P S AU - Simonin, H A AU - Van Sickle, J AU - McDowell, M K AU - Peck, D V AU - Barchet, W R Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 374 EP - 388 PB - Ecological Society of America, Tempe, AZ VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1051-0761, 1051-0761 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Chordata KW - pollutants KW - Episodic Response Project KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - Appalachians KW - ecosystems KW - Pisces KW - New York KW - acidification KW - streams KW - ecology KW - Catskill Mountains KW - Vertebrata KW - Pennsylvania KW - geochemistry KW - Adirondack Mountains KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52394447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ecological+Applications&rft.atitle=Episodic+acidification+of+small+streams+in+the+Northeastern+United+States%3B+Episodic+Response+Project&rft.au=Wigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BBaker%2C+J+P%3BDeWalle%2C+D+R%3BKretser%2C+W+A%3BMurdoch%2C+P+S%3BSimonin%2C+H+A%3BVan+Sickle%2C+J%3BMcDowell%2C+M+K%3BPeck%2C+D+V%3BBarchet%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Wigington&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=374&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ecological+Applications&rft.issn=10510761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - AZ N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acidification; Adirondack Mountains; Appalachians; Catskill Mountains; Chordata; ecology; ecosystems; Episodic Response Project; geochemistry; New York; North America; Pennsylvania; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; streams; surface water; United States; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation-reduction mechanisms in iron-bearing phyllosilicates AN - 51056034; 1996-064127 AB - Reviewed in this article are the effects of structural Fe oxidation states on the physicochemical properties of smectite clay minerals. Reducing agents selected were dithionite (S (sub 2) O (sub 4) (super 2-) ), sulfide (S (super 2-) ), thiosulfate (S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) ), hydrazine (N (sub 2) H (sub 4) ), ascorbic acid (C (sub 6) H (sub 8) O (sub 6) ), hydroquinone (C (sub 6) H (sub 6) O (sub 2) ), and sodium oxalate (Na (sub 2) C (sub 2) H (sub 2) O (sub 4) ). Clay samples were prepared as aqueous suspensions of S (super 2-) > C (sub 6) H (sub 8) O (sub 6) > S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) > C (sub 6) H (sub 6) O (sub 2) nearly equal C (sub 2) H (sub 2) O (sub 4) . The heat of reaction of three of these reducing agents with the clay was measured, and decreased in the order S (sub 2) O (sub 4) (super 2-) > S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) > S (super 2-) . Compared to the order of reductive strength, the heats of reaction with S (sub 2) O (sub 3) (super 2-) and S (super 2-) are reversed, suggesting that entropy changes are greater in the S (super 2-) treatment. Electron spin resonance (ESR) revealed that free radicals may be responsible for the greatest levels of reductive potential, which provides an important attribute by which potential reducing agents can be screened. Measurements of rheological properties of oxidized and reduced clay suspensions indicated that structural Fe(II) increases the viscosity of clay suspensions as a result of greater attractive forces between clay particles. The type of bonding between particles has yet to be ascertained. Microbial reduction of the clay produces moderate to high levels of reduction and causes changes in physico-chemical properties similar to chemical reduction of the clay. JF - Applied Clay Science AU - Stucki, Joseph W AU - Bailey, George W AU - Gan, Huamin Y1 - 1996/05// PY - 1996 DA - May 1996 SP - 417 EP - 430 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 10 IS - 6 SN - 0169-1317, 0169-1317 KW - silicates KW - processes KW - clay KW - experimental studies KW - clastic sediments KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - clay mineralogy KW - smectite KW - mechanism KW - iron KW - clay minerals KW - metals KW - sediments KW - chemical properties KW - sheet silicates KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - Eh KW - 06A:Sedimentary petrology KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 01B:Mineralogy of silicates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51056034?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Clay+Science&rft.atitle=Oxidation-reduction+mechanisms+in+iron-bearing+phyllosilicates&rft.au=Stucki%2C+Joseph+W%3BBailey%2C+George+W%3BGan%2C+Huamin&rft.aulast=Stucki&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1996-05-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=417&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+Clay+Science&rft.issn=01691317&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01691317 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical properties; clastic sediments; clay; clay mineralogy; clay minerals; Eh; experimental studies; geochemistry; iron; mechanism; metals; oxidation; physicochemical properties; processes; reduction; sediments; sheet silicates; silicates; smectite ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hepatic DNA adducts and production of mutagenic urine in 2,6-dinitrotoluene-treated B6C3F1 male mice. AN - 77976560; 8603358 AB - The hepatocarcinogen 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT) is an intermediate in the chemical synthesis of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene and polyurethane products and can contaminate the waste stream emitted by these industries. In this study, the production of mutagenic urine metabolites and the formation of hepatic DNA adducts is examined in the B6C3F1 male mouse. Animals were administered 50 mg/kg 2,6-DNT by gavage for 3 consecutive days. No body or liver weight effects were observed in treated animals. Following sacrifice, the livers were excised and DNA isolated for examination of 2,6-DNT-derived DNA adducts. During 2,6-DNT treatment, urine was collected, concentrated, and tested for mutagenicity in the Salmonella reversion bioassay. Mutagenic urine metabolites (469+/-53 revertants/ml urine) were excreted from B6C3F1 mice treated with 2,6-DNT and were comparable to results obtained for CD-1 mice and Fischer 344 rats. Two distinct hepatic DNA adducts (0.8+/-0.1 and 0.6+/-0.1 RAL/10(8) nucleotides) were detected in B6C3F1 mice by (32)P-postlabeling and thin layer chromatography which differed from the four adducts observed in hepatic DNA from 2,6-DNT-treated Fischer 344 rats. JF - Cancer letters AU - George, S E AU - Kohan, M J AU - Warren, S H AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/04/19/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Apr 19 SP - 107 EP - 111 VL - 102 IS - 1-2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - DNA Adducts KW - Dinitrobenzenes KW - Mutagens KW - Phosphorus Radioisotopes KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - 2,6-dinitrotoluene KW - GG7FAV92MK KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - DNA -- metabolism KW - Mice KW - Male KW - DNA -- drug effects KW - DNA Adducts -- biosynthesis KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- urine KW - Carcinogens -- metabolism KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Mutagens -- metabolism KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - Dinitrobenzenes -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77976560?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Hepatic+DNA+adducts+and+production+of+mutagenic+urine+in+2%2C6-dinitrotoluene-treated+B6C3F1+male+mice.&rft.au=George%2C+S+E%3BKohan%2C+M+J%3BWarren%2C+S+H&rft.aulast=George&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-04-19&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=107&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ethological and experimental approaches to behavior analysis: implications for ecotoxicology. AN - 78436826; 9182036 AB - Laboratory research in toxicology has progressed far beyond reliance on measures of mortality to make use of sophisticated behavioral preparations that can evaluate the consequences of sublethal toxicant exposure. In contrast, field studies have not evolved as rapidly. Approaches developed by experimental psychologists and ethologists provide powerful and complementary methodologies to the study of environmental pollutants and behavior. Observational data collection techniques can easily be used to broaden the number of questions addressed regarding sublethal exposure to toxic agents in both field and laboratory environments. This paper provides a background in such techniques, including construction of ethograms and observational methodologies, and the use of laboratory analogues to naturally occurring activities such as social behavior, predation, and foraging. Combining ethological and experimental approaches in behavior analysis can result in a more comprehensive evaluation of the effects of environmental contaminants on behavior. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Cohn, J AU - MacPhail, R C AD - Curriculum in Toxicology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA. cohn@herl45.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 299 EP - 305 VL - 104 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Predatory Behavior KW - Population Density KW - Social Behavior KW - Ecosystem KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods KW - Ethology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78436826?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Ethological+and+experimental+approaches+to+behavior+analysis%3A+implications+for+ecotoxicology.&rft.au=Cohn%2C+J%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C&rft.aulast=Cohn&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=299&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Psychopharmacologia. 1968 Sep 20;13(3):222-57 [5679627] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1990 Mar 1;102(3):474-85 [2315916] Behaviour. 1974;49(3):227-67 [4597405] Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 1980 Jan;24(1):81-9 [7357114] Science. 1981 Jul 31;213(4507):501-4 [7244649] Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1983 Sep-Oct;5(5):557-63 [6664413] J Exp Anal Behav. 1984 Mar;41(2):217-21 [6716037] J Neurobiol. 1984 Jul;15(4):283-93 [6090587] Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 1991 Jan;20(1):20-4 [1996908] Physiol Behav. 1992 Mar;51(3):533-42 [1523231] Arch Int Physiol Biochim Biophys. 1992 Sep-Oct;100(5):331-4 [1282384] Environ Health Perspect. 1996 Apr;104 Suppl 2:331-5 [9182040] Annu Rev Psychol. 1985;36:141-69 [3883888] Behav Neural Biol. 1985 Jan;43(1):21-36 [3994623] Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1985;443:381-437 [3893270] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1986;89(2):203-7 [3088637] Biol Psychiatry. 1986 Nov;21(13):1258-66 [3019440] Neuropharmacology. 1986 Dec;25(12):1395-401 [3561717] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1987;91(3):297-304 [2882539] J Neurosci. 1987 Apr;7(4):931-42 [3106588] Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1987 May;88(3):397-410 [3033847] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1987 Jan-Feb;9(1):51-7 [3627077] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1988 Mar-Apr;10(2):85-92 [3398827] Neurotoxicology. 1988 Fall;9(3):367-78 [3143955] Fundam Appl Toxicol. 1988 Aug;11(2):189-206 [3146518] Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1989;97(4):521-8 [2498948] Behav Sci. 1971 Jan;16(1):98-113 [4937115] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Setting exposure standards: a decision process. AN - 78426837; 9182048 AB - Increased emphasis on routine screening of chemicals for potential neurotoxicity has resulted in the development of testing guidelines and standardized procedures. A multiphased, tiered-testing strategy has been proposed by numerous expert panels to evaluate large numbers of chemicals. In a regulatory context, however, a formal tiered-testing approach is not used, mostly because of the constraints of differing regulatory authorities and the potential cost of such a testing strategy. Instead, current regulatory decision making utilizes all available animal and human data to identify a critical adverse effect which is then used for setting standards. Although the current decision-making process does not use a formal tiered-testing approach, it appears to identify chemicals with neurotoxic effects. An analysis of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency integrated risk information system (IRIS) indicates that about 20% of the chemicals having standards or health advisories are based on neurotoxicity. JF - Environmental health perspectives AU - Tilson, H A AU - MacPhail, R C AU - Crofton, K M AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. tilson@herl4S.herl.epa.gov Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 401 EP - 405 VL - 104 Suppl 2 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Food and Drug Administration KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Humans KW - Reference Standards KW - Risk Assessment KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Algorithms KW - Neurotoxins -- adverse effects KW - Toxicity Tests -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78426837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.atitle=Setting+exposure+standards%3A+a+decision+process.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A%3BMacPhail%2C+R+C%3BCrofton%2C+K+M&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=104+Suppl+2&rft.issue=&rft.spage=401&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+health+perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: Neurobehav Toxicol Teratol. 1984 Mar-Apr;6(2):147-53 [6472559] Teratog Carcinog Mutagen. 1987;7(1):107-17 [2884738] Crit Rev Toxicol. 1988;19(1):1-10 [3056655] Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1988 Dec;8(4):471-86 [3222488] Neurotoxicology. 1992 Spring;13(1):1-13 [1508408] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):175-81 [2196418] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 May-Jun;12(3):281-4 [2196426] Neurotoxicol Teratol. 1990 Jul-Aug;12(4):293-300 [1975425] Neuron. 1988 Oct;1(8):623-34 [2908446] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Reproductive development and functions in the rat after repeated maternal deprivation stress. AN - 78126930; 8812279 AB - The present study examines whether interruptions of maternal-neonatal behaviors may alter the maturation of reproductive organs and functions, thereby potentially confounding the interpretation of toxicity data with stress-induced responses. Sprague-Dawley rat neonates were removed from their dams for 6 hr daily beginning on Day 4 of postnatal age and continuing until Day 21. Vaginal opening and preputial separation were monitored as indices of puberty. Sperm production in the male rats, estrous cycles in the female rats, and reproductive tissues were weighed when the animals reached sexual maturity. In addition, rats were mated for the elevation of pregnancy outcomes. Maternal separation stress in itself did not appear to alter these parameters, although potential interactions of stress responses with a toxicant should still be considered. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Lau, C AU - Klinefelter, G AU - Cameron, A M AD - Reproductive Toxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 298 EP - 301 VL - 30 IS - 2 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Body Weight KW - Animals KW - Organ Size KW - Male KW - Female KW - Testis -- growth & development KW - Stress, Physiological -- etiology KW - Ovary -- growth & development KW - Maternal Deprivation KW - Stress, Physiological -- physiopathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78126930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Reproductive+development+and+functions+in+the+rat+after+repeated+maternal+deprivation+stress.&rft.au=Lau%2C+C%3BKlinefelter%2C+G%3BCameron%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Lau&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=298&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Three-dimensional quantitative structure--activity relationships for androgen receptor ligands. AN - 78016777; 8661347 AB - Comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA), a three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) paradigm, was used to examine androgen receptor-binding affinities of a series of structurally diverse natural, synthetic, and environmental chemicals of interest. The CoMFA/3D-QSAR model successfully illustrates that the overall steric and electrostatic properties of structurally diverse ligands for the androgen receptor are necessary and sufficient to describe the binding affinity. The practical utility of models of this type is demonstrated using parent compounds in the training set and known as well as putative biological metabolites as test set molecules. The ability of the model to accurately predict binding affinity of test set molecules suggests that structure-based 3D-QSAR models may be used to supplement the process of hazard identification. The application of 3D-QSAR models within a toxicological framework is, at present, limited by the quantity and quality of biological data for relevant biomarkers of toxicity. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Waller, C L AU - Juma, B W AU - Gray, L E AU - Kelce, W R AD - Pharmacokinetics Branch, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 219 EP - 227 VL - 137 IS - 2 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Ligands KW - Receptors, Androgen KW - Steroids KW - Index Medicus KW - Models, Molecular KW - Hazardous Substances -- metabolism KW - Steroids -- chemistry KW - Hazardous Substances -- analysis KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Steroids -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Androgen -- metabolism KW - Receptors, Androgen -- chemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78016777?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Three-dimensional+quantitative+structure--activity+relationships+for+androgen+receptor+ligands.&rft.au=Waller%2C+C+L%3BJuma%2C+B+W%3BGray%2C+L+E%3BKelce%2C+W+R&rft.aulast=Waller&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=219&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Surface application system for in situ ground-water bioremediation; site characterization and modeling AN - 52823556; 1996-056408 JF - Ground Water AU - Sweed, H G AU - Bedient, P B AU - Hutchins, S R Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 211 EP - 222 PB - National Water Well Association, Ground-Water Technology Division, Urbana, IL VL - 34 IS - 2 SN - 0017-467X, 0017-467X KW - United States KW - hazardous waste KW - pollutants KW - underground storage tanks KW - bioremediation KW - Florida KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - models KW - Elgin Air Force Base North KW - recharge KW - transport KW - infiltration KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52823556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water&rft.atitle=Surface+application+system+for+in+situ+ground-water+bioremediation%3B+site+characterization+and+modeling&rft.au=Sweed%2C+H+G%3BBedient%2C+P+B%3BHutchins%2C+S+R&rft.aulast=Sweed&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water&rft.issn=0017467X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6584 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - IL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - CODEN - GRWAAP N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; Elgin Air Force Base North; Florida; ground water; hazardous waste; infiltration; models; pollutants; recharge; remediation; transport; underground storage tanks; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Contrasting styles of hydrous metasomatism in the upper mantle; an ion microprobe investigation AN - 52814227; 1996-055798 AB - The relationship between modal metasomatism, oxidation state and trace element enrichment, with the compositions of metasomatic fluids, is examined for amphibole (+ or - phlogopite)-bearing spinel lherzolite xenoliths from modally metasomatized suites from Dish Hill, California, Ichinomegata, Japan, Mont Briancon, France, Dreiser, Weiher, Eifel, Germany. These localities represent diverse tectonic environments which may be correlated with specific fO (sub 2) characteristics. Ion microprobe analyses are presented for trace elements in coexisting clinopyroxene and amphibole (pargasite). Three distinct cases of metasomatic activity are identified: cases (1) and (2) are exemplified by xenoliths from Dish Hill and Ichinomegata; the former case involves the simple formation of amphibole by hydration of the mantle preserving its original depleted trace element signature. In case (2) amphiboles are produced metasomatically and are enriched in incompatible elements but coexist with depleted clinopyroxene, and crystallized from a volatile-bearing melt. In case (3) the Eifel and Mont Briancon trace element compositions may represent equilibrium crystallization of incompatible element-enriched amphibole and clinopyroxene from a migrating melt. Mica represents a distinct metasomatic phase. JF - Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta AU - Johnson, K E AU - Davis, A M AU - Bryndzia, L T Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 1367 EP - 1385 PB - Pergamon, Oxford VL - 60 IS - 8 SN - 0016-7037, 0016-7037 KW - silicates KW - Far East KW - enrichment KW - Europe KW - New Mexico KW - lherzolite KW - France KW - California KW - plutonic rocks KW - mica group KW - Dish Hill KW - Central Europe KW - Rhineland-Palatinate Germany KW - inclusions KW - Asia KW - chain silicates KW - upper mantle KW - ultramafics KW - plate tectonics KW - Rhenish Schiefergebirge KW - peridotites KW - phlogopite KW - Central Massif KW - United States KW - Ichinomegata KW - oxygen KW - igneous rocks KW - mantle KW - metasomatism KW - fugacity KW - Eifel KW - major elements KW - Puerco Necks KW - oxides KW - Australia KW - trace elements KW - chemical composition KW - Anakie Hills KW - xenoliths KW - Western Europe KW - Australasia KW - oxidation KW - amphibole group KW - spinel KW - New South Wales Australia KW - subduction KW - hydration KW - sheet silicates KW - Honshu KW - Germany KW - Japan KW - 02C:Geochemistry of rocks, soils, and sediments KW - 05A:Igneous and metamorphic petrology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52814227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.atitle=Contrasting+styles+of+hydrous+metasomatism+in+the+upper+mantle%3B+an+ion+microprobe+investigation&rft.au=Johnson%2C+K+E%3BDavis%2C+A+M%3BBryndzia%2C+L+T&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=60&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=1367&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geochimica+et+Cosmochimica+Acta&rft.issn=00167037&rft_id=info:doi/10.1016%2F0016-7037%2896%2900018-X L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00167037 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from Mineralogical Abstracts, United Kingdom, Twickenham, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 93 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GCACAK N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - amphibole group; Anakie Hills; Asia; Australasia; Australia; California; Central Europe; Central Massif; chain silicates; chemical composition; Dish Hill; Eifel; enrichment; Europe; Far East; France; fugacity; Germany; Honshu; hydration; Ichinomegata; igneous rocks; inclusions; Japan; lherzolite; major elements; mantle; metasomatism; mica group; New Mexico; New South Wales Australia; oxidation; oxides; oxygen; peridotites; phlogopite; plate tectonics; plutonic rocks; Puerco Necks; Rhenish Schiefergebirge; Rhineland-Palatinate Germany; sheet silicates; silicates; spinel; subduction; trace elements; ultramafics; United States; upper mantle; Western Europe; xenoliths DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(96)00018-X ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring crude oil mineralization in salt marshes; use of stable carbon isotope ratios AN - 52758642; 1997-018476 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Jackson, Andrew W AU - Pardue, John AU - Araujo, Rochelle Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 1139 EP - 1144 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - United States KW - Port Fourchon Louisiana KW - degradation KW - isotopes KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - stable isotopes KW - Jefferson Parish Louisiana KW - variations KW - carbon dioxide KW - intertidal environment KW - mass balance KW - carbon KW - Barataria Basin KW - oil spills KW - crude oil KW - Louisiana KW - kinetics KW - biodegradation KW - marshes KW - pollutants KW - isotope ratios KW - pollution KW - alkanes KW - petroleum products KW - organic compounds KW - mires KW - detection KW - salt marshes KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - coastal environment KW - C-13 KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52758642?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Monitoring+crude+oil+mineralization+in+salt+marshes%3B+use+of+stable+carbon+isotope+ratios&rft.au=Jackson%2C+Andrew+W%3BPardue%2C+John%3BAraujo%2C+Rochelle&rft.aulast=Jackson&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1139&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 23 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkanes; aromatic hydrocarbons; Barataria Basin; biodegradation; C-13; carbon; carbon dioxide; coastal environment; crude oil; degradation; detection; hydrocarbons; intertidal environment; isotope ratios; isotopes; Jefferson Parish Louisiana; kinetics; Louisiana; marshes; mass balance; mires; oil spills; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Port Fourchon Louisiana; salt marshes; stable isotopes; United States; variations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AN - 52754139; 1997-018488 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Beard, Michael E AU - Millete, James R AU - Montague, Naomi AU - Longo, William E AU - Hatfield, Richard L AU - Lee, R J AU - Dagenhart, T V AU - Dunmyre, R AU - Stewart, I M AU - van Orden, D R Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 1404 EP - 1406 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 4 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - silicates KW - critical review KW - toxic materials KW - experimental studies KW - detection limit KW - clastic sediments KW - asbestos KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - suspended materials KW - sample preparation KW - detection KW - dust KW - sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52754139?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Environmental+Science+%26amp%3B+Technology%2C+ES+%26amp%3B+T&rft.au=Beard%2C+Michael+E%3BMillete%2C+James+R%3BMontague%2C+Naomi%3BLongo%2C+William+E%3BHatfield%2C+Richard+L%3BLee%2C+R+J%3BDagenhart%2C+T+V%3BDunmyre%2C+R%3BStewart%2C+I+M%3Bvan+Orden%2C+D+R&rft.aulast=Beard&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=1404&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 6 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - For reference to original see Lee, R. J. et al., Environ. Sci. Technol. Vol. 29, No. 7, p. 1728-1736, 1995 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - asbestos; clastic sediments; critical review; detection; detection limit; dust; experimental studies; pollution; regulations; sample preparation; sediments; silicates; suspended materials; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analyzing a priority pollutant in soil AN - 52752662; 1997-018497 JF - Pollution Engineering AU - Ma, Jinzhong AU - Frederick, Raymond M Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 42 EP - 43 PB - Cahners Publishing, Newton, MA VL - 28 IS - 4 SN - 0032-3640, 0032-3640 KW - soils KW - concentration KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - chemical waste KW - detection KW - chromatograms KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - chemical composition KW - synthetic materials KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52752662?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pollution+Engineering&rft.atitle=Analyzing+a+priority+pollutant+in+soil&rft.au=Ma%2C+Jinzhong%3BFrederick%2C+Raymond+M&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Jinzhong&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pollution+Engineering&rft.issn=00323640&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MA N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; chemical composition; chemical properties; chemical waste; chromatograms; concentration; detection; experimental studies; industrial waste; pollutants; pollution; soil treatment; soils; synthetic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazardous waste; cleanup and prevention AN - 52147229; 2002-015075 JF - Science and Children AU - Vandas, Steve J AU - Cronin, Nancy L Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 23 EP - 24, 35 PB - National Science Teachers Association, Washington, DC VL - 33 IS - 7 SN - 0036-8148, 0036-8148 KW - hazardous waste KW - K-12 education KW - Superfund KW - waste disposal KW - education KW - bioremediation KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52147229?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Science+and+Children&rft.atitle=Hazardous+waste%3B+cleanup+and+prevention&rft.au=Vandas%2C+Steve+J%3BCronin%2C+Nancy+L&rft.aulast=Vandas&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Science+and+Children&rft.issn=00368148&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; education; hazardous waste; K-12 education; preventive measures; remediation; Superfund; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Vulnerability and adaptation assessments; an international handbook AN - 51221616; 1997-034459 JF - Environmental Science and Technology Library A2 - Benioff, Ron A2 - Guill, Sandra A2 - Lee, Jeffrey Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 EP - variously paginated PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht - Boston - London VL - 7 SN - 1382-3124, 1382-3124 KW - soils KW - biodiversity KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - biota KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - adaptation KW - models KW - sea-level changes KW - climate effects KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - manuals KW - soil erosion KW - water resources KW - land use KW - climate KW - changes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51221616?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/GeoRef&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&rft.genre=book&rft.jtitle=&rft.atitle=&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0792341406&rft.btitle=Vulnerability+and+adaptation+assessments%3B+an+international+handbook&rft.title=Vulnerability+and+adaptation+assessments%3B+an+international+handbook&rft.issn=13823124&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 81 tables N1 - SuppNotes - Includes ten appendices N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adaptation; biodiversity; biota; changes; climate; climate effects; coastal environment; ecosystems; erosion; ground water; human activity; human ecology; land use; manuals; models; policy; pollution; risk assessment; sea-level changes; soil erosion; soils; water resources ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The effective use of electromagnetic methods to delineate a fluvial paleochannel system controlling oil migration near Glenrock, Wyoming AN - 50902411; 2002-027263 AB - A combination of three different electromagnetic methods was effectively used to map the shallow lithologic variation interpreted to control the subsurface migration pattern of hydrocarbons near Glenrock, Wyoming. Petroleum hydrocarbons were seeping from the south bank of the North Platte River approximately one-half mile west of the Township of Glenrock, Wyoming. Product was moving along the top of the water table through coarse grained sediments and discharging into the river. Initial investigations, resulting in the excavation of three trenches, were unable to determine the source and migration pathways that the hydrocarbons were following. A geophysical survey was performed that provided a map of the subsurface geology that controlled free and dissolved product migration. The geophysical methods used included terrain conductivity, using two instruments that allowed two different coil separations (the Geonics EM-31 and EM-34), and transient electromagnetics (TEM). The portability and data collection efficiency of the EM-31 guided its use as a reconnaissance tool. Data from the EM-31 provided a map of near-surface conductivity patterns indicative of shallow lithologic variation between coarse-grained paleochannel deposits and fine-grained fluvial overbank sediments. Correlation of the EM-31 response with known geology observed in test pit excavations resulted in some concern as to whether the mapped lithologic variation was too shallow to have controlled groundwater migration. To address this, the EM-31 was operated at ground, and at 3 and 7 feet (ft) heights above ground over a high conductivity zone (interpreted to be fine-grained material). Data obtained indicated that the high conductivity material was not a thin surficial veneer, but instead represented fine-grained deposits at depths of 0 to greater than 10 ft. The EM-34 instrument was also used at a 10-meter coil separation along selected traverses to confirm the vertical extent of the interpreted lithologic variation. In addition, a profile of central loop TEM sounding provided enough information to allow one-dimensional computer modeling, which provided a quantitative depth extent of fine-grained (fluvial overbank) deposits. Therefore, preferential groundwater migration pathways (fluvial paleochannels) were not only detected, but quantitatively delineated using this effective combination of electromagnetic methods. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Rogers, Noel T AU - Sandberg, Stewart K AU - Powell, Greg AU - Bell, Ronald S AU - Cramer, Mark H Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 917 EP - 926 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1996 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - geophysical surveys KW - Glenrock Wyoming KW - Platte River KW - transport KW - sediments KW - electromagnetic methods KW - hydrodynamics KW - clastic sediments KW - pollutants KW - grain size KW - geophysical methods KW - pollution KW - channels KW - Converse County Wyoming KW - TEM data KW - oil seeps KW - Wyoming KW - lithofacies KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - fluvial features KW - surveys KW - lateral heterogeneity KW - alluvium KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50902411?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=The+effective+use+of+electromagnetic+methods+to+delineate+a+fluvial+paleochannel+system+controlling+oil+migration+near+Glenrock%2C+Wyoming&rft.au=Rogers%2C+Noel+T%3BSandberg%2C+Stewart+K%3BPowell%2C+Greg%3BBell%2C+Ronald+S%3BCramer%2C+Mark+H&rft.aulast=Rogers&rft.aufirst=Noel&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=917&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alluvium; channels; clastic sediments; Converse County Wyoming; electromagnetic methods; fluvial features; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Glenrock Wyoming; grain size; hydraulic conductivity; hydrocarbons; hydrodynamics; lateral heterogeneity; lithofacies; oil seeps; organic compounds; Platte River; pollutants; pollution; sediments; solute transport; surveys; TEM data; transport; United States; Wyoming ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The control of acid mine drainage at the Summitville Mine Superfund Site AN - 50898622; 2002-027195 AB - The Summitville Mine Superfund Site is located about 25 miles south of Del Norte, Colorado, in Rio Grande County. Occurring at an average elevation of 11,500 feet in the San Juan Mountain Range, the mine site is located two miles east of the Continental Divide. Mining at Summitville has occurred since 1870. The mine was most recently operated by Summitville Consolidated Mining Company, Inc. (SCMCI) as an open pit gold mine with extraction by means of a cyanide leaching process. In December of 1992, SCMCI declared bankruptcy and vacated the mine site. At that time, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) took over operations of the water treatment facilities to prevent a catastrophic release of cyanide and metal-laden water from the mine site. Due to high operational costs of water treatment (approximately $50,000 per day), EPA established a goal to minimize active water treatment by reducing or eliminating acid mine drainage (AMD). All of the sources of AMD generation on the mine site were evaluated and prioritized. Of the twelve areas identified as sources of AMD, the Cropsy Waste Pile, the Summitville Dam Impoundment, the Beaver Mud Dump, the Reynolds and Chandler adits, and the Mine Pits were consider to be the most significant contributors to the generation of metal-laden acidic (low pH) water. A two part plan was developed to control AMD from the most significant sources. The first part was initiated immediately to control AMD being released from the Site. This part focused on improving the efficiency of the water treatment facilities and controlling the AMD discharges from the mine drainage adits. The discharges from the adits was accomplished by plugging the Reynolds and Chandler adits. The second part of the plan was aimed at reducing the AMD generated in groundwater and surface water runoff from the mine wastes. A lined and capped repository located in the mine pits for acid generating mining waste and water treatment plant sludge was found to be the most feasible alternative. Beginning in 1993, mining wastes which were the most significant sources of AMD were being excavated and placed in the Mine Pits. In November 1995, all of the waste from these sources had been excavated and placed in the the Mine Pits. This paper discusses EPA's overall approach to stabilize on-site sources sufficiently such that aquatic, agricultural, and drinking water uses in the Alamosa watershed are restored and/or maintained with minimal water treatment. JF - Proceedings of SAGEEP AU - Ketellapper, Victor L AU - Williams, Laura O AU - Bell, Ronald S AU - Cramer, Mark H Y1 - 1996/04// PY - 1996 DA - April 1996 SP - 303 EP - 311 PB - Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society, Wheat Ridge, CO VL - 1996 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - mining KW - mines KW - acid mine drainage KW - surface mining KW - pollutants KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Summitville Mine KW - Del Norte Colorado KW - mining geology KW - metal ores KW - gold ores KW - open-pit mining KW - Colorado KW - Superfund sites KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50898622?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.atitle=The+control+of+acid+mine+drainage+at+the+Summitville+Mine+Superfund+Site&rft.au=Ketellapper%2C+Victor+L%3BWilliams%2C+Laura+O%3BBell%2C+Ronald+S%3BCramer%2C+Mark+H&rft.aulast=Ketellapper&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1996-04-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=303&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+SAGEEP&rft.issn=1554-8015&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://scitation.aip.org/sageep/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on the Application of geophysics to engineering and environmental problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acid mine drainage; Colorado; Del Norte Colorado; gold ores; metal ores; mines; mining; mining geology; open-pit mining; pollutants; pollution; remediation; Rio Grande County Colorado; Summitville Mine; Superfund sites; surface mining; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of ac and dc magnetic field orientation on nerve cells. AN - 77978672; 8607846 AB - Recent tests of the influence of parallel ac and dc magnetic fields on neurite outgrowth in PC-12 cells showed good agreement with the predictions of an ion parametric resonance model. However, experimental results from earlier work involving both a perpendicular (160 mG) and a parallel (366 mG) dc magnetic field were not as consistent with the ion parametric resonance model predictions. Test results reported here show that the cell response to perpendicular ac and de magnetic fields is distinct and predictably different from that found for parallel ac and dc magnetic fields, and that the response to perpendicular fields is dominant in an intensity-dependent nonlinear manner. JF - Biochemical and biophysical research communications AU - Blackman, C F AU - Blanchard, J P AU - Benane, S G AU - House, D E AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711-2055, USA. Y1 - 1996/03/27/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Mar 27 SP - 807 EP - 811 VL - 220 IS - 3 SN - 0006-291X, 0006-291X KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation KW - PC12 Cells KW - Electromagnetic Fields KW - Neurites -- radiation effects KW - Neurites -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77978672?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.atitle=Effect+of+ac+and+dc+magnetic+field+orientation+on+nerve+cells.&rft.au=Blackman%2C+C+F%3BBlanchard%2C+J+P%3BBenane%2C+S+G%3BHouse%2C+D+E&rft.aulast=Blackman&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-03-27&rft.volume=220&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=807&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biochemical+and+biophysical+research+communications&rft.issn=0006291X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-20 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Supernumerary lumbar rib: manifestation of basic alteration in embryonic development of ribs. AN - 78559556; 8935784 AB - Supernumerary ribs (SNR) are a common variant in some strains of mice used in standard teratology bioassays. We have previously demonstrated that increased incidence of SNR may be induced by a wide variety of xenobiotics and/or general maternal stress. The significance of this defect in cross-species extrapolations has been problematic and recent studies, including this one, have shown that this anomaly is more complex than previously thought. The SNR in mice have a bimodal distribution composed of 'rudimentary ribs' (RR) with a mode of 0.3-0.4 mm and 'extra ribs' (ER) with a mode of 0.9-1.1 mm. The studies reported here examine the relationship between the presence of SNR and the 13th rib length and the gross morphological development of the anomaly. Supernumerary ribs were induced in CD-1 mice by surgical stress (subcutaneous micropump implanted on gestational day (GD), restraint stress (GD8), food and water deprivation (GD8) or maternal administration of the pesticide dinoseb (50 mg kg-1 on GD7 and GD8). Fetuses from untreated litters were also examined. Dinoseb-treated mice were killed on GD14, 15, 16 or 17. All other groups were killed on GD17. The lengths of the 13th and 14th ribs were measured and other anomalies were recorded. Femur length was used as an indicator of fetal size. The SNR frequency was higher in all treatment groups compared to controls. We found that ER and RR were morphologically distinct. The ER were flat ended and distally joined by a cartilaginous portion, while RR were usually rounded distally and were without cartilaginous extensions. The 13th ribs were significantly longer in fetuses having SNR than in those not having SNR, whether treated or untreated. This relationship was present in all fetal ages examined and with both ER and RR groups. These results suggest that SNR are indicative of basic alterations in the development of the axial skeleton. JF - Journal of applied toxicology : JAT AU - Branch, S AU - Rogers, J M AU - Brownie, C F AU - Chernoff, N AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 115 EP - 119 VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 0260-437X, 0260-437X KW - Pesticides KW - 0 KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol KW - Q13SKS21MN KW - dinoseb KW - YD44ZEM22M KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Gestational Age KW - Mice KW - Fasting KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol -- analogs & derivatives KW - Abnormalities, Drug-Induced -- embryology KW - Ribs -- abnormalities KW - 2,4-Dinitrophenol -- toxicity KW - Pesticides -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78559556?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.atitle=Supernumerary+lumbar+rib%3A+manifestation+of+basic+alteration+in+embryonic+development+of+ribs.&rft.au=Branch%2C+S%3BRogers%2C+J+M%3BBrownie%2C+C+F%3BChernoff%2C+N&rft.aulast=Branch&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=115&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+applied+toxicology+%3A+JAT&rft.issn=0260437X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-22 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Battery of neurobehavioral tests recommended to ATSDR: solvent-induced deficits in microelectronic workers. AN - 78315760; 8794536 JF - Toxicology and industrial health AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Boyes, W K AU - Otto, D A AU - House, D E AU - Creason, J P AU - Geller, A M AU - Darcey, D J AU - Broadwell, D K AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 235 EP - 243 VL - 12 IS - 2 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Solvents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Analysis of Variance KW - Computer Simulation KW - Humans KW - Adult KW - Toxicity Tests KW - Models, Statistical KW - Electronics KW - Male KW - Female KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Psychomotor Performance -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- adverse effects KW - Environmental Health -- standards UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78315760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.atitle=Battery+of+neurobehavioral+tests+recommended+to+ATSDR%3A+solvent-induced+deficits+in+microelectronic+workers.&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BBoyes%2C+W+K%3BOtto%2C+D+A%3BHouse%2C+D+E%3BCreason%2C+J+P%3BGeller%2C+A+M%3BDarcey%2C+D+J%3BBroadwell%2C+D+K&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=235&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+industrial+health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Suppression of oocyte release in rats by local administration of the noradrenergic neurotoxin DSP4. AN - 78089488; 8699411 AB - The presence of noradrenergic neuronal innervation in the ovaries and cyclic alterations in ovarian noradrenaline suggest a role for such innervation in oocyte release. The current experiments evaluated the relationship between ovulation and alterations in ovarian concentrations of noradrenaline induced by unilateral, intrabursal administration of the specific noradrenergic neurotoxin DSP4. Intrabursal injections of DSP4 (0-10 mumoles per ovary) given at 19:00 h at pro-oestrus induced a prompt, dose-related reduction in ovarian noradrenaline on the injected and non-injected sides. Although this result suggests that injected material was reaching the contralateral ovary, ovulation was suppressed only on the injected side. This suppression was persistent, and lasted through at least the next two cycles following either unilateral or bilateral treatment. The reductions in noradrenaline could be mostly, if not entirely, attenuated by prior administration of desipramine which blocks re-uptake of noradrenaline, while the ipsilateral ovulatory effects remained unchanged. Although it has been reported that DSP4 binds the opiate receptor, intrabursal co-administration of the antagonist naloxone was ineffective in altering ovulatory suppression. These results suggest that while decreases in ovarian noradrenaline in response to local exposure to a noradrenergic neurotoxin may accompany a reduction in oocyte release or a block in ovulation, the anti-ovulatory effect of DSP4 is independent of the changes in noradrenaline concentrations and may be due to some other ovarian response. JF - Journal of reproduction and fertility AU - Goldman, J M AU - Stoker, T E AU - Cooper, R L AU - McElroy, W K AU - Parrish, M B AD - Endocrinology Branch, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 275 EP - 283 VL - 106 IS - 2 SN - 0022-4251, 0022-4251 KW - Adrenergic Agents KW - 0 KW - Benzylamines KW - Narcotic Antagonists KW - Neurotoxins KW - Naloxone KW - 36B82AMQ7N KW - DSP 4 KW - PQ1P7JP5C1 KW - Desipramine KW - TG537D343B KW - Norepinephrine KW - X4W3ENH1CV KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Norepinephrine -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Naloxone -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Desipramine -- pharmacology KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Norepinephrine -- metabolism KW - Narcotic Antagonists -- pharmacology KW - Female KW - Ovulation -- drug effects KW - Benzylamines -- pharmacology KW - Adrenergic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Ovary -- metabolism KW - Ovary -- innervation KW - Neurotoxins -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78089488?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+reproduction+and+fertility&rft.atitle=Suppression+of+oocyte+release+in+rats+by+local+administration+of+the+noradrenergic+neurotoxin+DSP4.&rft.au=Goldman%2C+J+M%3BStoker%2C+T+E%3BCooper%2C+R+L%3BMcElroy%2C+W+K%3BParrish%2C+M+B&rft.aulast=Goldman&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=275&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+reproduction+and+fertility&rft.issn=00224251&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-05 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-05 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Autonomic and behavioral thermoregulation in golden hamsters exposed perinatally to dioxin. AN - 77967222; 8607137 AB - Perinatal exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) cause s a permanent change in thermoregulatory control of male offspring of the rat, characterized by a reduced core temperature (Tc over a wide range of ambient temperatures (Ta). To examine the similarities in this effect across species, the thermoregulatory effects of perinatal TCDD were evaluated in the golden hamster, a species which is very resistant to the lethal effects of TCDD. Adult male hamsters exposed on Gestational Day 11.5-11.75 to 2.0 microgram TCDD/kg by gavage were subjected to a variety of behavioral and autonomic thermoregulatory measurements. Nocturnal Tc of TCDD-treated animals was 0.4 to 1.0 degrees C below that of controls over a Ta range of 14 to 34 degrees C. Hypothermia persisted in spite of normal metabolic responses to cold exposure. The hypothermic effect of perinatal TCDD exposure was found to persist over a 24-hr period in unrestrained hamsters monitored by radiotelemetry. The TCDD-treated hamster offspring placed in a temperature gradient exhibited a preference for warm Ta's for 2 to 3 hr; however, when maintained over a 22-hr period in the gradient there was no effect of TCDD on behavioral thermoregulation. TCDD had no effect on motor activity measured over a 24-hr period. TCDD resulted in an approximately 30% reduction in body weight compared to controls; however, this weight loss appeared to have no bearing on the thermoregulatory deficiencies of the TCDD-treated animals. TCDD-treated hamsters displayed a normal metabolic response to cold exposure; thus, it would appear that perinatal exposure to TCDD leads to a dysfunction in the central control of body temperature. The perinatal effects of TCDD on thermoregulation in the rat and hamster appear to be similar. JF - Toxicology and applied pharmacology AU - Gordon, C J AU - Yang, Y AU - Gray, L E AD - Neurotoxicology Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 120 EP - 125 VL - 137 IS - 1 SN - 0041-008X, 0041-008X KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Behavior, Animal -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Oxygen Consumption -- drug effects KW - Body Temperature -- drug effects KW - Telemetry KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Mesocricetus KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Cricetinae KW - Body Temperature Regulation -- drug effects KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Autonomic Nervous System -- physiology KW - Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77967222?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.atitle=Autonomic+and+behavioral+thermoregulation+in+golden+hamsters+exposed+perinatally+to+dioxin.&rft.au=Gordon%2C+C+J%3BYang%2C+Y%3BGray%2C+L+E&rft.aulast=Gordon&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=137&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=120&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+applied+pharmacology&rft.issn=0041008X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Relationship between CYP1A enzyme activities and protein levels in rats treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. AN - 77965344; 8600290 AB - Induction of CYP1A1 is one of the best characterized responses to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). EROD activity has been used as an enzymatic marker for CYP1A1 following TCDD treatment. Enzymatic markers for the induction of CYP1A2 by TCDD are not as well characterized. The present study examines the relationship between CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 protein and the corresponding enzymatic markers. Induction of hepatic ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity and methoxyresorufin O-demethylase (MEROD) and acetanilide 4-hydroxylase (ACOH) activity (both markers for CYP1A2) were analyzed in 8-wk-old male and female Fischer 344 rats treated orally with either 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, or 3.0 micrograms TCDD/kg. There were no sex differences in basal EROD or ACOH activity. MEROD activity was significantly greater in control males than in control females. Significant induction of EROD activity in females occurred at slightly lower doses of TCDD compared to males (0.1 vs. 0.3 micrograms/kg, respectively); however, a greater absolute and a larger fold induction of EROD activity was seen in males compared to females at all doses tested except 0.1 micrograms/kg. EROD activity did not attain a maximum in either sex. Similarly, MEROD activity was induced at lower doses of TCDD in females than in males (0.1 vs. 0.3 micrograms/kg, respectively). MEROD activity was maximally induced at 0.3 micrograms/kg in males. In females, MEROD did not attain maximum induction at the doses tested. ACOH activity was induced at doses as low as 0.3 micrograms/kg in both sexes, and the dose-dependent increases in activity were equivalent in males and females. Both ACOH and MEROD activity correlated well with CYP1A2 levels as determined by Western blot analysis, although there was a greater fold induction of protein than either MEROD or ACOH. Although MEROD and ACOH are both markers for the same response, MEROD activity may be a more useful marker because it is the quicker and more sensitive of the two assays. JF - Journal of toxicology and environmental health AU - DeVito, M J AU - Beebe, L E AU - Menache, M AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Environmental Toxicology Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 379 EP - 394 VL - 47 IS - 4 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Oxidoreductases KW - EC 1.- KW - methoxyresorufin-O-demethylase KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases KW - EC 1.14.14.1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 KW - Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 KW - acetanilide hydroxylase KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Rats, Inbred F344 KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Blotting, Western KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Enzyme Induction KW - Male KW - Female KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- biosynthesis KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- metabolism KW - Oxidoreductases -- biosynthesis KW - Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases -- biosynthesis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77965344?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.atitle=Relationship+between+CYP1A+enzyme+activities+and+protein+levels+in+rats+treated+with+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.&rft.au=DeVito%2C+M+J%3BBeebe%2C+L+E%3BMenache%2C+M%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=DeVito&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=379&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+toxicology+and+environmental+health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-05-02 N1 - Date created - 1996-05-02 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soluble transition metals mediate the acute pulmonary injury and airway hyperreactivity induced by residual oil fly ash particles. AN - 77963299; 8598143 JF - Chest AU - Dreher, K AU - Jaskot, R AU - Kodavanti, U AU - Lehmann, J AU - Winsett, D AU - Costa, D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Health Effects Research Laboratory, Pulmonary Toxicology Branch, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 33S EP - 34S VL - 109 IS - 3 Suppl SN - 0012-3692, 0012-3692 KW - Fuel Oils KW - 0 KW - Vehicle Emissions KW - Abridged Index Medicus KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Acute Disease KW - Animals KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Male KW - Respiratory Hypersensitivity -- physiopathology KW - Fuel Oils -- adverse effects KW - Lung -- drug effects KW - Lung -- physiopathology KW - Respiratory Hypersensitivity -- chemically induced KW - Vehicle Emissions -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77963299?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chest&rft.atitle=Soluble+transition+metals+mediate+the+acute+pulmonary+injury+and+airway+hyperreactivity+induced+by+residual+oil+fly+ash+particles.&rft.au=Dreher%2C+K%3BJaskot%2C+R%3BKodavanti%2C+U%3BLehmann%2C+J%3BWinsett%2C+D%3BCosta%2C+D&rft.aulast=Dreher&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=3+Suppl&rft.spage=33S&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chest&rft.issn=00123692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-04-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-04-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation of soil contaminated with low concentrations of radionuclides AN - 52828748; 1996-055692 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Entry, James A AU - Vance, Nan C AU - Hamilton, Melinda A AU - Zabowski, Darlene AU - Watrud, Lidia S AU - Adriano, Domy C Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 167 EP - 176 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 88 IS - 1-2 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - hazardous waste KW - Sr-90 KW - medical geology KW - isotopes KW - techniques KW - ecosystems KW - remediation KW - radioactive waste KW - radioactive isotopes KW - cesium KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - nuclear explosions KW - fallout KW - soils KW - concentration KW - alkaline earth metals KW - explosions KW - pollutants KW - alkali metals KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - plant uptake KW - Cs-137 KW - Chernobyl nuclear accident KW - metals KW - nuclear facilities KW - waste disposal KW - strontium KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52828748?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation+of+soil+contaminated+with+low+concentrations+of+radionuclides&rft.au=Entry%2C+James+A%3BVance%2C+Nan+C%3BHamilton%2C+Melinda+A%3BZabowski%2C+Darlene%3BWatrud%2C+Lidia+S%3BAdriano%2C+Domy+C&rft.aulast=Entry&rft.aufirst=James&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=167&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 40 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkali metals; alkaline earth metals; bioremediation; cesium; Chernobyl nuclear accident; concentration; Cs-137; decontamination; ecosystems; explosions; fallout; hazardous waste; isotopes; medical geology; metals; nuclear explosions; nuclear facilities; plant uptake; pollutants; pollution; radioactive isotopes; radioactive waste; remediation; soil treatment; soils; Sr-90; strontium; techniques; transport; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Studies on contaminant biodegradation in slurry, water, and compacted soil tube reactors AN - 52768956; 1997-016793 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Fu, Chunsheng AU - Pfanstiel, Steven AU - Gao, Chao AU - Yan, Xuesheng AU - Govind, Rakesh AU - Tabak, Henry H Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 743 EP - 750 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 3 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - experimental studies KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - porous materials KW - mathematical models KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - decontamination KW - chemical properties KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52768956?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Studies+on+contaminant+biodegradation+in+slurry%2C+water%2C+and+compacted+soil+tube+reactors&rft.au=Fu%2C+Chunsheng%3BPfanstiel%2C+Steven%3BGao%2C+Chao%3BYan%2C+Xuesheng%3BGovind%2C+Rakesh%3BTabak%2C+Henry+H&rft.aulast=Fu&rft.aufirst=Chunsheng&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=743&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 24 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; chemical properties; decontamination; experimental studies; ground water; in situ; mathematical models; microorganisms; models; pollutants; pollution; porous materials; remediation; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of triazine degradates on ground water in relation to relevant regulatory endpoints AN - 52523240; 1999-008598 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Barrett, Michael R A2 - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 211 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - drinking water KW - human ecology KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52523240?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Impact+of+triazine+degradates+on+ground+water+in+relation+to+relevant+regulatory+endpoints&rft.au=Barrett%2C+Michael+R&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=211&rft.issue=&rft.spage=AGRO+157&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 211th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - degradation; drinking water; environmental analysis; ground water; herbicides; human ecology; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; regulations; toxicity; triazines ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Pesticide movement to ground water in California; application of areal vulnerability assessments and well monitoring to mitigation measures AN - 52522843; 1999-008595 JF - Abstracts of Papers - American Chemical Society, National Meeting AU - Troiano, J AU - Nordmark, C AU - Barry, T AU - Johnson, B AU - Spurlock, F A2 - Oteyza, Julian Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 211 SN - 0065-7727, 0065-7727 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - nonpoint sources KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - California KW - mitigation KW - transport KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - water wells KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52522843?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.atitle=Pesticide+movement+to+ground+water+in+California%3B+application+of+areal+vulnerability+assessments+and+well+monitoring+to+mitigation+measures&rft.au=Troiano%2C+J%3BNordmark%2C+C%3BBarry%2C+T%3BJohnson%2C+B%3BSpurlock%2C+F&rft.aulast=Troiano&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=211&rft.issue=&rft.spage=AGRO+147&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+of+Papers+-+American+Chemical+Society%2C+National+Meeting&rft.issn=00657727&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 211th ACS national meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; California; environmental analysis; ground water; herbicides; mathematical models; mitigation; monitoring; nonpoint sources; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; risk assessment; solute transport; statistical analysis; transport; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Making sausage; earth science, the budget, and the virtual science agency AN - 51607151; 2006-028481 JF - Geotimes AU - Hitzman, Murray W Y1 - 1996/03// PY - 1996 DA - March 1996 SP - 16 EP - 18 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 41 IS - 3 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - United States KW - geology KW - programs KW - Office of Science and Technology KW - funding KW - government agencies KW - policy KW - economics KW - 15:Miscellaneous UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51607151?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=Making+sausage%3B+earth+science%2C+the+budget%2C+and+the+virtual+science+agency&rft.au=Hitzman%2C+Murray+W&rft.aulast=Hitzman&rft.aufirst=Murray&rft.date=1996-03-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2006-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - economics; funding; geology; government agencies; Office of Science and Technology; policy; programs; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Activity profiles of antimutagens: in vitro and in vivo data. AN - 77999837; 8657173 AB - In this review, retinol, chlorophyllin, and N-acetylcysteine are examined and compared with regard to their antimutagenic activity against some promutagens and a group of direct-acting alkylating agents. The promutagens included aflatoxin B1, certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g., benzo[a]pyrene), and certain heterocyclic amines (e.g., food pyrolysates). Results of antimutagenicity testing selected from data surveyed in the published literature are displayed graphically as activity profiles of antimutagens showing both the doses tested and the extent of inhibition or enhancement of mutagenic activity. All three antimutagens are discussed in terms of their putative mechanisms of action in vitro and in vivo with emphasis on the xenobiotic metabolizing enzyme systems. JF - Mutation research AU - Waters, M D AU - Stack, H F AU - Jackson, M A AU - Brockman, H E AU - De Flora, S AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/02/19/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Feb 19 SP - 109 EP - 129 VL - 350 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - Antimutagenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Carcinogens KW - Chlorophyllides KW - Heterocyclic Compounds KW - Mutagens KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons KW - Vitamin A KW - 11103-57-4 KW - chlorophyllin KW - 1D276TYV9O KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System KW - 9035-51-2 KW - Aflatoxin B1 KW - 9N2N2Y55MH KW - Acetylcysteine KW - WYQ7N0BPYC KW - Index Medicus KW - Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- toxicity KW - Animals KW - Mutagenicity Tests KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Mutagens -- toxicity KW - Heterocyclic Compounds -- toxicity KW - Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System -- metabolism KW - Aflatoxin B1 -- toxicity KW - Antimutagenic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Vitamin A -- pharmacology KW - Chlorophyllides -- pharmacology KW - Acetylcysteine -- pharmacology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77999837?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+research&rft.atitle=Activity+profiles+of+antimutagens%3A+in+vitro+and+in+vivo+data.&rft.au=Waters%2C+M+D%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BJackson%2C+M+A%3BBrockman%2C+H+E%3BDe+Flora%2C+S&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-02-19&rft.volume=350&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=109&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-26 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins and -furans at the part per trillion level in United States beef fat using high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry. AN - 78651871; 8999739 AB - As part of the U.S. EPA Dioxin Reassessment Program, the 2,3,7,8-chlorine-substituted dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans were measured at part per trillion (ppt) levels in beef fat collected from slaughter facilities in the United States. This is the first statistically designed national survey of these compounds in the U.S. beef supply. Analyte concentrations were determined by high-resolution gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry, using isotope dilution methodology. Method limits of detection on a whole weight basis were 0.05 ppt for TCDD and 0.10 ppt for TCDF, 0.50 ppt for the pentas (PeCDDs/PeCDFs)/hexas (HxCDDs/HxCDFs)/heptas (HpCDDs/HpCDFs), and 3.00 ppt for the octas (OCDD/OCDF). Method detection and quantitation limits were established on the basis of demonstrated performance criteria utilizing fortified samples rather than by conventional signal-to-noise or variability of response methods. The background subtraction procedures developed for this study minimized the likelihood of false positives and increased the confidence associated with reported values near the detection limits. Mean and median values for each of the 2,3,7,8-Cl-substituted dioxins and furans are reported, along with the supporting information required for their interpretation. The mean toxic equivalence values for the samples are 0.35 ppt (nondetects = 0) and 0.89 ppt (nondetects = 1/2 LOD). JF - Analytical chemistry AU - Ferrario, J AU - Byrne, C AU - McDaniel, D AU - Dupuy, A AU - Harless, R AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, John C. Stennis Space Center, Mississippi 39529, USA. Y1 - 1996/02/15/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Feb 15 SP - 647 EP - 652 VL - 68 IS - 4 SN - 0003-2700, 0003-2700 KW - Benzofurans KW - 0 KW - Dietary Fats KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Animals KW - Cattle KW - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry KW - Calibration KW - Quality Control KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Dietary Fats -- analysis KW - Meat -- analysis KW - Benzofurans -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78651871?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Analytical+chemistry&rft.atitle=Determination+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-chlorine-substituted+dibenzo-p-dioxins+and+-furans+at+the+part+per+trillion+level+in+United+States+beef+fat+using+high-resolution+gas+chromatography%2Fhigh-resolution+mass+spectrometry.&rft.au=Ferrario%2C+J%3BByrne%2C+C%3BMcDaniel%2C+D%3BDupuy%2C+A%3BHarless%2C+R&rft.aulast=Ferrario&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-02-15&rft.volume=68&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=647&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Analytical+chemistry&rft.issn=00032700&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Responsiveness of hepatocytes from dichloroacetic acid or phenobarbital treated mice to growth factors in primary culture. AN - 77994026; 8616822 AB - Hepatocytes isolated from male B6C3F1 mice and maintained in primary culture were exposed to epidermal growth factor (EGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) alone or in combination with the mitoinhibitory transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1). Groups of mice were exposed to 3.5 g/l dichloroacetic acid (DCA), 0.1% phenobarbital (PB) or the drinking water vehicle for 0, 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, or 90 days. Following a 2 h attachment period, the growth factors with or without TGF-beta 1 were added together with [3H]thymidine. The cells were harvested 48 h later and the incorporation of the labeled thymidine into cellular DNA was determined. Basal DNA synthesis was enhanced following 2 days of PB treatment after which it declined to levels significantly below that in the untreated mice. No early time enhancement of DNA synthesis was measured in the hepatocyte cultures for animals exposed to DCA, but the late time inhibition was also seen. Primary cultures of hepatocytes isolated from control and DCA treated mice exhibited similarly enhanced DNA synthesis in response to eGF, HGF, or aFGF alone or in combination with TGF-beta 1. In contrast, hepatocytes from PB treated animals were refractory to the effects of the growth factors at all time periods. These data suggest that the early depression of cell proliferation we have seen during DCA induced hepatocellular cancer is not due to an impaired ability of hepatocytes to respond to growth factors and that the mechanisms of liver tumorigenesis in the mouse induced by PB and DCA are dissimilar. JF - Cancer letters AU - Tsai, W H AU - DeAngelo, A B AD - EPA/UNC-CH Toxicology Research Program, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996/02/06/ PY - 1996 DA - 1996 Feb 06 SP - 177 EP - 183 VL - 99 IS - 2 SN - 0304-3835, 0304-3835 KW - Growth Substances KW - 0 KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 KW - 104781-85-3 KW - Epidermal Growth Factor KW - 62229-50-9 KW - Hepatocyte Growth Factor KW - 67256-21-7 KW - DNA KW - 9007-49-2 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Thymidine KW - VC2W18DGKR KW - Phenobarbital KW - YQE403BP4D KW - Index Medicus KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta -- pharmacology KW - Animals KW - Drug Interactions KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Hepatocyte Growth Factor -- pharmacology KW - Mice KW - Epidermal Growth Factor -- pharmacology KW - Thymidine -- metabolism KW - Mice, Inbred Strains KW - Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 -- pharmacology KW - Cells, Cultured KW - Kinetics KW - Male KW - Phenobarbital -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- cytology KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Growth Substances -- pharmacology KW - Liver -- metabolism KW - DNA -- biosynthesis KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- pharmacology KW - DNA -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77994026?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cancer+letters&rft.atitle=Responsiveness+of+hepatocytes+from+dichloroacetic+acid+or+phenobarbital+treated+mice+to+growth+factors+in+primary+culture.&rft.au=Tsai%2C+W+H%3BDeAngelo%2C+A+B&rft.aulast=Tsai&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-02-06&rft.volume=99&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Cancer+letters&rft.issn=03043835&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-06-13 N1 - Date created - 1996-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Possible confounding effects of strobe "clicks" on flash evoked potentials in rats. AN - 85270293; pmid-8838613 AB - Flash evoked potentials (FEPs) undergo within- and between-session changes and are modified by auditory white noise (26). We examined whether an auditory potential produced by the "click" associated with the strobe discharge could be recorded, and if alterations in an auditory response could explain the within- and between-session changes in FEPs. We also examined differences between a frontal cortex or a nasal reference electrode location on FEPs and auditory potentials. An auditory potential associated with the strobe discharge could be clearly recorded. This response was eliminated by the presence of 80 dB SPL masking white noise. However, the within- and between-session changes in FEPs could not be explained by modifications of the auditory potential. Animals whose ear drums were ruptured did not exhibit an auditory response, and their FEPs were similar to those of controls tested in the presence of masking white noise. A nasal reference electrode decreased the impact of auditory potentials on FEPs, but allow visual potentials (electroretinogram and optic tract activity) to influence FEPs. The data show that auditory potentials associated with the strobe discharge can be recorded from the visual cortex of rats, and that these auditory responses represent a possible confounding factor in the interpretation of toxicological studies employing FEPs. JF - Physiology & Behavior AU - Herr, D W AU - Vo, K T AU - King, D AU - Boyes, W K AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 325 EP - 340 VL - 59 IS - 2 SN - 0031-9384, 0031-9384 KW - Rats KW - Visual Cortex KW - Artifacts KW - Evoked Potentials, Visual KW - Animal KW - Evoked Potentials, Auditory KW - Attention KW - Perceptual Masking KW - Male KW - Photic Stimulation KW - Electroencephalography KW - Acoustic Stimulation UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85270293?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.atitle=Possible+confounding+effects+of+strobe+%22clicks%22+on+flash+evoked+potentials+in+rats.&rft.au=Herr%2C+D+W%3BVo%2C+K+T%3BKing%2C+D%3BBoyes%2C+W+K&rft.aulast=Herr&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=325&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Physiology+%26+Behavior&rft.issn=00319384&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Future of environmental pollution. AN - 85205212; pmid-8637755 AB - In recent years, the concept of pollution prevention has overtaken end-of-pipe controls as the paradigm of choice for effecting environmental protection. Through cooperative mechanisms, significant progress is being made to reduce or eliminate upstream processes and practices that can lead to downstream pollution. These efforts, coupled with productive interactions with the public, are making an impact. The Science Advisory Board released a report in January that described the "next wave" of pollution prevention. Specifically, the report described approaches for anticipating environmental problems of tomorrow so that preventive actions can be taken today. The potential of air pollution problems figures prominently in the Board's vision of the future. JF - Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery AU - Barnes, D G AD - Science Advisory Board, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 292 EP - 294 VL - 114 IS - 2 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - United States KW - Public Health KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Human KW - Risk Factors KW - Environmental Pollution KW - Forecasting UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85205212?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Future+of+environmental+pollution.&rft.au=Barnes%2C+D+G&rft.aulast=Barnes&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=292&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution in the United States. AN - 85204582; pmid-8637744 JF - Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery AU - Nichols, M AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 253 EP - 254 VL - 114 IS - 2 SN - 0194-5998, 0194-5998 KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Human KW - Air Pollutants, Environmental KW - Air Pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/85204582?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Acomdisdome&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+in+the+United+States.&rft.au=Nichols%2C+M&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=114&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=253&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Otolaryngology--Head+and+Neck+Surgery&rft.issn=01945998&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - eng DB - ComDisDome N1 - Last updated - 2010-05-07 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A statistical survey of dioxin-like compounds in United States beef: a progress report. AN - 78522028; 8907224 AB - The USEPA and the USDA have completed the first statistically designed survey of the occurrence and concentration of CDDs and CDFs in the fat of beef animals raised for human consumption in the United States. Back fat was sampled from 63 carcasses at federally inspected slaughter establishments nationwide. The sample design called for sampling beef animal classes in proportion to national annual slaughter statistics. All samples were analyzed using a modification of EPA method 1613, using isotope dilution, High Resolution GC/MS to determine the rate of occurrence of 2,3,7,8-substituted CDDs/CDFS. The whole weight method detection limits ranged from 0.05 ng kg-1 for TCDD to 3 ng kg-1 for OCDD. The results of this survey showed a mean concentration (reported as I-TEQ, lipid adjusted) in U.S. beef animals of 0.35 ng kg-1 and 0.89 ng kg-1 when either non-detects are treated as 0 value or assigned a value of 1/2 the detection limit, respectively. JF - Chemosphere AU - Winters, D AU - Cleverly, D AU - Meier, K AU - Dupuy, A AU - Byrne, C AU - Deyrup, C AU - Ellis, R AU - Ferrario, J AU - Harless, R AU - Leese, W AU - Lorber, M AU - McDaniel, D AU - Schaum, J AU - Walcott, J AD - Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 469 EP - 478 VL - 32 IS - 3 SN - 0045-6535, 0045-6535 KW - Dioxins KW - 0 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analogs & derivatives KW - Animals KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- analysis KW - Cattle KW - United States Department of Agriculture KW - Dioxins -- analysis KW - Food Contamination -- statistics & numerical data KW - Meat -- analysis UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78522028?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemosphere&rft.atitle=A+statistical+survey+of+dioxin-like+compounds+in+United+States+beef%3A+a+progress+report.&rft.au=Winters%2C+D%3BCleverly%2C+D%3BMeier%2C+K%3BDupuy%2C+A%3BByrne%2C+C%3BDeyrup%2C+C%3BEllis%2C+R%3BFerrario%2C+J%3BHarless%2C+R%3BLeese%2C+W%3BLorber%2C+M%3BMcDaniel%2C+D%3BSchaum%2C+J%3BWalcott%2C+J&rft.aulast=Winters&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=469&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemosphere&rft.issn=00456535&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-03-06 N1 - Date created - 1997-03-06 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 2,4-Dithiobiuret in rats: cognitive facilitation after acute injection precedes motor impairment after repeated daily injections. AN - 78385620; 8833420 AB - 2,4-Dithiobiuret (DTB) is a sulfonated derivative of urea that is used as a reducing agent in chemical manufacture. Its low acute toxicity to rodents belies a peripherally mediated, delayed-onset muscle weakness which develops during repeated daily exposure. In experiment 1, a standard dose regimen of DTB (0.5 mg/kg per day IP for 5 days) was used to induce motor dysfunction as a way to dissociate peripheral and central influences on a test of cognitive and motor function in rats. Sixteen male rats were trained to perform a Delayed Matching-to-Position/Visual Discrimination (DMTP/VD) task which permits quantification of working memory (matching accuracy), reference memory (discrimination accuracy), and motor function (choice response latency and nosepoke inter-response time, IRT). The first dose of DTB significantly increased matching accuracy; during the following week, DTB reduced matching accuracy, increased choice response latency and nosepoke IRT, and reduced trial completion. Discrimination accuracy remained unaffected. Experiment 2 explored the effects of single administrations of DTB on DMTP/VD. Sixteen other trained rats were divided into two groups with equal matching accuracy. One group received DTB (0.5,1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg, IP) in separate injections at least 1 week apart; the other group received vehicle at the same times. Matching accuracy increased significantly in the treated rats and not in the controls following each dose of DTB. The magnitude of this increase was dose dependent, and lasted from 1 to 8 weeks after each injection. Discrimination accuracy, response latency, nosepoke IRT and trial completion remained unaffected throughout the study. After DTB, matching accuracy was less easily disrupted by scopolamine (0.1-0.3 mg/kg, IP). However, DTB did not alter the rats' response to reducing the distance between the response levers, to reversal of the matching rule to a nonmatching rule, or to challenge with MK-801 (0.05-0.10 mg/kg, IP). These data indicate that acute DTB causes a long-lasting facilitation of working memory in rats in the absence of any of the indications of motor impairment which follow repeated, daily injections of the chemical. JF - Psychopharmacology AU - Bushnell, P J AU - Oshiro, W M AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 267 EP - 279 VL - 123 IS - 3 SN - 0033-3158, 0033-3158 KW - Thiourea KW - GYV9AM2QAG KW - 2,4-dithiobiuret KW - T40X2KXL53 KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats KW - Injections, Intraperitoneal KW - Animals KW - Time Factors KW - Male KW - Cognition -- drug effects KW - Thiourea -- pharmacology KW - Motor Activity -- drug effects KW - Thiourea -- analogs & derivatives UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78385620?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Psychopharmacology&rft.atitle=2%2C4-Dithiobiuret+in+rats%3A+cognitive+facilitation+after+acute+injection+precedes+motor+impairment+after+repeated+daily+injections.&rft.au=Bushnell%2C+P+J%3BOshiro%2C+W+M&rft.aulast=Bushnell&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=123&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=267&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Psychopharmacology&rft.issn=00333158&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-13 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-13 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental toxicity risk assessment: consensus building, hypothesis formulation, and focused research. AN - 78183335; 8744591 AB - Risk assessment for developmental toxicity has become more defined over the last decade and the most recent EPA guidelines for developmental toxicity risk assessment were published in 1991. Development of approaches for risk assessment in this area have relied on building of consensus opinion among experts about the interpretation of developmental toxicity data. These discussions have aided in strengthening the scientific basis for risk assessment for developmental toxicity, including the default assumptions that must be used when more complete information on mechanisms of action and pharmacokinetics are unavailable. Such discussions continue on both a national and international basis. The EPA risk assessment guidelines outlined several major areas of research needed to strengthen risk assessment for developmental toxicity and led to the formulation of hypotheses to be tested in focused research projects. Several major research efforts have focused on dose-related mechanisms and biologically based modeling of specific agents, physiologically based pharmacokinetic models of pregnancy that can be scaled across species, and the influence of dose and duration of exposure on developmental outcomes, as well as the delineation of specific biomarkers of adverse developmental effects. Although such research initiatives will require a long-term effort, it is important that attention be focused now on those approaches that can improve the risk assessment process to avoid continued reliance on default approaches that have been used for the past 30 years or more. The impact of the EPA Guidelines for Developmental Toxicity Risk Assessment has been widespread. One of the main purposes for developing risk assessment guidelines by EPA was to communicate procedures to risk assessors inside the agency in an effort to promote consistency. In addition, the guidelines were to communicate to those outside the agency in private industry and other regulatory agencies how EPA would evaluate and interpret data. The developmental toxicity guidelines have standardized terminology used in developmental toxicity risk assessments. They also have influenced the revision of testing guidelines and the writing of new guidelines, such as the developmental neurotoxicity testing guidelines. More extensive use of developmental toxicity data within the RfD/RfC process was influenced by the guidelines, as well. More recently, the risk assessment guidelines have had a major impact on the harmonization of international testing and risk assessment guidelines through cooperative efforts with the World Health Organization under the auspices of the International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS) and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). We foresee these types of interagency and international cooperative efforts continuing as we attempt to make more efficient use of the limited resources available for testing, risk assessment, and research to better understand and prevent developmental toxicity. JF - Drug metabolism reviews AU - Kimmel, C A AD - National Center for Environmental Assessment (8602), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC 20460, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 85 EP - 103 VL - 28 IS - 1-2 SN - 0360-2532, 0360-2532 KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Developmental Disabilities -- chemically induced KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Infant, Newborn KW - Environmental Exposure KW - Child KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Child Development -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Risk Assessment KW - Embryonic and Fetal Development -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78183335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.atitle=Developmental+toxicity+risk+assessment%3A+consensus+building%2C+hypothesis+formulation%2C+and+focused+research.&rft.au=Kimmel%2C+C+A&rft.aulast=Kimmel&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=85&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.issn=03602532&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evolution and current status of neurotoxicity risk assessment. AN - 78181456; 8744593 AB - The U.S. EPA neurotoxicity risk assessment guidelines define neurotoxicity as the capacity of chemical, biological, or physical agents to cause an adverse functional or structural change in the peripheral or central nervous system. Chemical-induced changes in the structure or persistent changes in behavior, neurochemistry, or neurophysiology of the nervous system are regarded as neurotoxic effects. Reversible effects occurring at doses that could endanger performance in the workplace, are associated with a known neurotoxicological mechanism of action, covary with a known neurotoxicological effect, or are latent effects uncovered by pharmacological or environmental challenge, could be considered to be neurotoxic effects. It should also be noted that even if a chemical-induced change in neurobiological function or structure does not meet the criteria established for a neurotoxic effect, the alteration could still be considered as adverse and used in a regulatory decision. Adverse effects detected by neurobiological procedures should not, however, necessarily lead to the conclusion that the chemical is a neurotoxicant. At the present time,the default RfD uncertainty factor approach is used for neurotoxicological data. A number of other safety factor approaches and quantitation dose-response models have been proposed for evaluating neurotoxicological data. However, a very limited number of comparisons have been made between the RfD approach and alternatives. In summary, neurotoxicity is one of several noncancer and points currently being used by regulatory agencies. The effective utilization of neurobiological measures to assess chemical-induced changes in the structure and function of the nervous system depends on properly designed studies and elimination of potential confounding variables that obscure interpretation of data from toxicological studies. JF - Drug metabolism reviews AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 121 EP - 139 VL - 28 IS - 1-2 SN - 0360-2532, 0360-2532 KW - Neurotoxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Decision Trees KW - Guidelines as Topic KW - Public Health -- standards KW - Male KW - Female KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Neurotoxins -- adverse effects KW - Neurotoxins -- toxicity KW - Risk Assessment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78181456?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.atitle=Evolution+and+current+status+of+neurotoxicity+risk+assessment.&rft.au=Tilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Tilson&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=121&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+metabolism+reviews&rft.issn=03602532&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Impact of the Delaney Clause in the EPA. AN - 78086424; 8672877 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency serves as the lead agency of the Federal government for the regulation of pesticide use in the United States. Regulatory responsibilities are mandated in the Federal Insecticide Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and several sections of the Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA). In order for a pesticide to be used in the U.S., it must either be granted a full registration under Section 3, or offered special consideration under Section 18 or 24 of FIFRA. Tolerances (maximum allowable residue limits) for pesticides to be used on agricultural commodities meant for human consumption or animal feed are established under Sections 408 and/or 409 of FFDCA. This presentation will describe the underlying conflict between Section 409 of FFDCA and both Section 408 and FIFRA, the recommendations made by the National Academy of Sciences in its 1987 publication Regulating Pesticides in Food--The Delaney Paradox, EPA's attempts to implement these recommendations, the true impact of "Delaney" on the ability of EPA to grant tolerances on raw or processed foods for chemicals determined to meet the "induce cancer" criterion and the status of legislation designed to "fix" Delaney. JF - Experimental and toxicologic pathology : official journal of the Gesellschaft fur Toxikologische Pathologie AU - Fenner-Crisp, P A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C., USA. Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 199 EP - 200 VL - 48 IS - 2-3 SN - 0940-2993, 0940-2993 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Flavoring Agents KW - Food Additives KW - Pesticide Residues KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Humans KW - Carcinogens -- standards KW - Flavoring Agents -- standards KW - Food Additives -- standards KW - Risk Assessment KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - United States Food and Drug Administration -- legislation & jurisprudence KW - Pesticide Residues -- standards KW - Food Technology -- legislation & jurisprudence UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78086424?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Experimental+and+toxicologic+pathology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Gesellschaft+fur+Toxikologische+Pathologie&rft.atitle=Impact+of+the+Delaney+Clause+in+the+EPA.&rft.au=Fenner-Crisp%2C+P+A&rft.aulast=Fenner-Crisp&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=2-3&rft.spage=199&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Experimental+and+toxicologic+pathology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Gesellschaft+fur+Toxikologische+Pathologie&rft.issn=09402993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-08-15 N1 - Date created - 1996-08-15 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - FAUNMAP; an electronic database for mapping changes in the distributions of late Quaternary mammals in the United States AN - 52857195; 1996-032349 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Graham, Russell W AU - Lundelius, Ernest L, Jr AU - Graham, Mary Ann AU - Schroeder, Erich K AU - Cloos, Mark Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 16 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 1 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - Chordata KW - Quaternary KW - Mammalia KW - mapping KW - FAUNMAP KW - biogeography KW - distribution KW - Cenozoic KW - upper Quaternary KW - data bases KW - Vertebrata KW - Tetrapoda KW - changes KW - 11:Vertebrate paleontology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52857195?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=FAUNMAP%3B+an+electronic+database+for+mapping+changes+in+the+distributions+of+late+Quaternary+mammals+in+the+United+States&rft.au=Graham%2C+Russell+W%3BLundelius%2C+Ernest+L%2C+Jr%3BGraham%2C+Mary+Ann%3BSchroeder%2C+Erich+K%3BCloos%2C+Mark&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Russell&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=16&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 30th annual meeting of the Geological Society of America, South-Central Section and associated societies N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biogeography; Cenozoic; changes; Chordata; data bases; distribution; FAUNMAP; Mammalia; mapping; Quaternary; Tetrapoda; United States; upper Quaternary; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Capacity-building for restoring degraded areas of the Great Lakes Basin AN - 52811096; 1996-065016 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Law, N L AU - Hartig, J H AU - Epstein, D AU - Fuller, K AU - Letterhos, J AU - Krantzberg, G AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 75 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 3 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - methods KW - North America KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - habitat KW - dredging KW - beaches KW - planning KW - Great Lakes KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52811096?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Capacity-building+for+restoring+degraded+areas+of+the+Great+Lakes+Basin&rft.au=Law%2C+N+L%3BHartig%2C+J+H%3BEpstein%2C+D%3BFuller%2C+K%3BLetterhos%2C+J%3BKrantzberg%2C+G%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Law&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=75&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, Northeastern Section, 31st annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - beaches; dredging; ecosystems; Great Lakes; habitat; land use; methods; North America; planning; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; remediation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Condition of New Mexico rangelands derived from multi-year AVHRR imagery and associated spatial variables AN - 52806778; 1996-070739 JF - Proceedings of the Thematic Conference on Geologic Remote Sensing AU - Lancaster, Judith AU - Wade, Timothy AU - Minor, Timothy AU - Whitford, Walter AU - Jones, Bruce Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - I.247 EP - I.256 PB - Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI VL - 11 SN - 1067-0106, 1067-0106 KW - United States KW - imagery KW - geophysical surveys KW - geophysical methods KW - ecosystems KW - New Mexico KW - vegetation KW - satellite methods KW - AVHRR KW - spatial variations KW - infrared methods KW - surveys KW - ecology KW - landscapes KW - rangelands KW - land use KW - remote sensing KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52806778?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Condition+of+New+Mexico+rangelands+derived+from+multi-year+AVHRR+imagery+and+associated+spatial+variables&rft.au=Lancaster%2C+Judith%3BWade%2C+Timothy%3BMinor%2C+Timothy%3BWhitford%2C+Walter%3BJones%2C+Bruce&rft.aulast=Lancaster&rft.aufirst=Judith&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=I.247&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=10670106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh thematic conference on Applied geologic remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; AVHRR; ecology; ecosystems; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; imagery; infrared methods; land use; landscapes; New Mexico; rangelands; remote sensing; satellite methods; spatial variations; surveys; United States; vegetation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Stochastic properties of wavelet transformations AN - 52803336; 1996-070810 JF - Proceedings of the Thematic Conference on Geologic Remote Sensing AU - Yfantis, E A AU - Flatman, G T AU - Edmonds, C M Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - II.179 EP - II.187 PB - Environmental Research Institute of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI VL - 11 SN - 1067-0106, 1067-0106 KW - high-resolution methods KW - wavelets KW - stochastic processes KW - mathematical methods KW - statistical analysis KW - transformations KW - remote sensing KW - covariance analysis KW - airborne methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52803336?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.atitle=Stochastic+properties+of+wavelet+transformations&rft.au=Yfantis%2C+E+A%3BFlatman%2C+G+T%3BEdmonds%2C+C+M&rft.aulast=Yfantis&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=II.179&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Thematic+Conference+on+Geologic+Remote+Sensing&rft.issn=10670106&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh thematic conference on Applied geologic remote sensing N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - airborne methods; covariance analysis; high-resolution methods; mathematical methods; remote sensing; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; transformations; wavelets ER - TY - JOUR T1 - White House, Congress rethink national earthquake strategy AN - 52764975; 1997-005691 JF - Geotimes AU - Applegate, David AU - Hitzman, Murray W Y1 - 1996/02// PY - 1996 DA - February 1996 SP - 15 EP - 16 PB - American Geological Institute, Alexandria, VA VL - 41 IS - 2 SN - 0016-8556, 0016-8556 KW - programs KW - geologic hazards KW - public policy KW - legislation KW - policy KW - earthquakes KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52764975?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geotimes&rft.atitle=White+House%2C+Congress+rethink+national+earthquake+strategy&rft.au=Applegate%2C+David%3BHitzman%2C+Murray+W&rft.aulast=Applegate&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-02-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=15&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Geotimes&rft.issn=00168556&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GEOTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - earthquakes; geologic hazards; legislation; policy; programs; public policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Groundwater quality characterization in Ohio; a revised view of the ambient network component AN - 928893429; 2012-031882 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Bamberger, Mark J W A2 - Smath, Meg A2 - Rulo, Collie Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 97 EP - 98 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 41 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - wellhead protection KW - monitoring KW - sampling KW - drainage basins KW - pollution KW - water wells KW - Ohio KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/928893429?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=Groundwater+quality+characterization+in+Ohio%3B+a+revised+view+of+the+ambient+network+component&rft.au=Bamberger%2C+Mark+J+W&rft.aulast=Bamberger&rft.aufirst=Mark+J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 41st annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - drainage basins; ground water; monitoring; Ohio; pollution; sampling; United States; water quality; water wells; wellhead protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ground water response requirements under Ohio's voluntary action program AN - 928893421; 2012-031839 JF - Midwest Ground Water Conference AU - Patzke, Jeff A2 - Smath, Meg A2 - Rulo, Collie Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 21 EP - 22 PB - [publisher varies], [location varies] VL - 41 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - programs KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - Ohio KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/928893421?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.atitle=Ground+water+response+requirements+under+Ohio%27s+voluntary+action+program&rft.au=Patzke%2C+Jeff&rft.aulast=Patzke&rft.aufirst=Jeff&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Midwest+Ground+Water+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 41st annual Midwest groundwater conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2012-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03005 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; Ohio; pollution; programs; regulations; remediation; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Maturational differences in chlorpyrifos-oxonase activity may contribute to age-related sensitivity to chlorpyrifos. AN - 78749903; 9265078 AB - Chlorpyrifos (CPF), a commonly used cholinesterase-inhibiting insecticide, is lethal at much lower doses to young animals than adults. To explain this higher sensitivity in younger animals, we hypothesized that young rats have less chlorpyrifos-oxonase (CPFOase) activity than adults. To test this hypothesis, CPFOase activity was measured in the brain, plasma, and liver of male, postnatal day 4 (PND4) and adult (PND90) Long-Evans rats. CPFOase is biochemically defined as a Ca(2+)-dependent A-esterase that hydrolyzes chlorpyrifos-oxon (CPFO), the active metabolite of CPE. No brain CPFOase activity was detected at either age. Plasma and liver CPFOase activities were markedly lower at PND4 compared to adult: PND4 plasma and liver CPFOase activities were 1/11 and 1/2 the adult plasma and liver activities, respectively. Because the Km of CPFOase activity was high (i.e., 210-380 microM), it was important to determine if this CPFOase activity could hydrolyze physiologically relevant concentrations (i.e., nM to low microM) of CPFO. This was accomplished by comparing the shifts in the tissue acetylcholinesterase (AChE) IC50 for CPFO in the presence or absence of CPFOase activity. One would expect an increase in the "apparent" IC50 if CPFOase hydrolyzes substantial amounts of CPFO during the 30 minutes the tissue is preincubated with the CPFO. In the adult, both plasma and liver AChE apparent IC50 values were higher in the presence of CPFOase activity, suggesting that the CPFOase in those tissues was capable of hydrolyzing physiologically relevant concentrations of CPFO within 30 minutes. In young animals, however, there was less of a shift in the IC50 curves compared to the adult, confirming that the young animal has less capacity than the adult to detoxify physiologically relevant concentrations of CPFO via CPFOase. JF - Journal of biochemical toxicology AU - Mortensen, S R AU - Chanda, S M AU - Hooper, M J AU - Padilla, S AD - Cellular and Molecular Toxicology Branch, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 279 EP - 287 VL - 11 IS - 6 SN - 0887-2082, 0887-2082 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Esterases KW - EC 3.1.- KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - chlorpyrifos-oxonase KW - EC 3.1.8.- KW - Chlorpyrifos KW - JCS58I644W KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Animals, Newborn KW - Animals KW - Kinetics KW - Male KW - Female KW - Pregnancy KW - Aging -- physiology KW - Brain -- enzymology KW - Liver -- enzymology KW - Esterases -- metabolism KW - Chlorpyrifos -- toxicity KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Brain -- drug effects KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- metabolism KW - Esterases -- blood KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- blood KW - Brain -- growth & development UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78749903?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Maturational+differences+in+chlorpyrifos-oxonase+activity+may+contribute+to+age-related+sensitivity+to+chlorpyrifos.&rft.au=Mortensen%2C+S+R%3BChanda%2C+S+M%3BHooper%2C+M+J%3BPadilla%2C+S&rft.aulast=Mortensen&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=279&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+biochemical+toxicology&rft.issn=08872082&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-08-19 N1 - Date created - 1997-08-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Visual contrast sensitivity deficits in Bohemian children. AN - 78716923; 9086482 AB - Visual contrast sensitivity (VCS) tests have been used successfully in medical diagnosis and subclinical neurotoxicity detection. This paper reports VCS measurements in three studies of children in the Czech Republic. Study 1 compared children in standard schools and schools for the learning disabled. Studies 2 and 3 compared children in Teplice, an area in which soft-brown coal combustion produced high levels of pollutants (e.g. Hg, As, SO2, NOx, and aromatic hydrocarbons), with children in areas of low air pollution, Znojmo and/or Prachatice. It was hypothesized that in utero exposure to the combustion products disrupted neurological development (Sram, 1991). The VCS test (Stereo Optical Co.) consisted of circular fields containing sinusoidal gratings at 5 spatial frequencies (1.5-18 cycles/degree) and various levels of contrast. Subjects indicated orientation of the gratings by pointing left, up, or right. Visual acuity and VCS were measured in each eye of 74 children in Study 1,327 second-grade children in Study 2, and 426 fourth-grade children in Study 3. Hair samples were collected in Studies 2 and 3 analyzed for Hg and As content. Children attending schools for the learning disabled scored significantly lower than controls on VCS, whereas visual acuity was normal. The deficit was greatest at mid- to high spatial frequency. In Study 2, significant VCS deficits were seen in exposed second-grade children at low to mid-spatial frequency, even though visual acuity was slightly above control level. Regression analyses showed that VCS had no relationship to As, but a significant negative correlation with hair Hg was observed in the exposed district. However, current Hg levels were higher in Prachatice. VCS deficits were not observed in the fourth-grade students of Teplice in Study 3. The results of Study 1 indicated that behavioral VCS testing in field studies is practical in young, non-English speaking children, and suggested that vision may be compromised in learning-disabled children. Studies 2 and 3 indicated that at these levels, current Hg body-burdens are poor predictors of VCS. If the VCS deficits seen in Study 2 were related to prenatal exposures, the results of Study 3 suggest that they represent a developmental delay. A longitudinal-study design is needed to address this issue. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Skalik, I AU - Otto, D AU - House, D AU - Subrt, P AU - Sram, R AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA, RTP, NC 27711, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 615 EP - 628 VL - 17 IS - 3-4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Index Medicus KW - Czech Republic KW - Humans KW - Child KW - Male KW - Female KW - Learning Disorders -- physiopathology KW - Contrast Sensitivity -- physiology KW - Visual Acuity -- physiology KW - Color Perception -- physiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78716923?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Visual+contrast+sensitivity+deficits+in+Bohemian+children.&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BSkalik%2C+I%3BOtto%2C+D%3BHouse%2C+D%3BSubrt%2C+P%3BSram%2C+R&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-06-23 N1 - Date created - 1997-06-23 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - One-stop shopping: the Hazardous Substances Data Bank. AN - 78692457; 10164468 JF - Medical reference services quarterly AU - Prasek, M AD - Environmental Response Center, Roy F. Weston, Inc., Edison, NJ 08837, USA. prasek.margaret@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 41 EP - 56 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0276-3869, 0276-3869 KW - Hazardous Substances KW - 0 KW - Health administration KW - United States KW - National Library of Medicine (U.S.) KW - Humans KW - Information Storage and Retrieval KW - MEDLARS KW - Databases, Factual UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78692457?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Medical+reference+services+quarterly&rft.atitle=One-stop+shopping%3A+the+Hazardous+Substances+Data+Bank.&rft.au=Prasek%2C+M&rft.aulast=Prasek&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Medical+reference+services+quarterly&rft.issn=02763869&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-28 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-28 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Interpretation of short-term test data: implications for assessment of chemopreventive activity. AN - 78544888; 8923041 AB - The same short-term tests that have been used extensively to identify mutagens and potential carcinogens are increasingly being used to identify antimutagens and potential anticarcinogens. It is not yet known whether the inhibition of carcinogen-induced mutation is a good indicator of anticarcinogenicity, as the available data on the inhibition of both carcinogenicity and mutagenicity In vivo are still quite incomplete. Furthermore, in vitro tests will detect only those compounds that show an effect that is demonstrable in vitro, such as direct inhibition of the metabolism of the carcinogen or inactivation of the carcinogen by direct reaction. Thus it is essential to confirm putative antimutagenic activity observed in vitro through the use of animal models. Indeed, the interpretation of antimutagenicity data from short-term tests must be subjected to all of the considerations that apply in the interpretation of mutagenicity test results. Moreover, the experimental variable of the antimutagens used must be considered in addition to the variables of the mutagens and short-term tests used. To analyse published results on antimutagens in short-term tests, we have developed the concept of activity profile listings and plots for antimutagens - an approach already used successfully for mutagenicity data. The activity profiles permit rapid visualization of considerable data and experimental parameters, including the inhibition as well as enhancement of mutagenic activity. Here we focus on the use of this methodology to interpret antimutagenicity data for retinol and chlorophyllin against several classes of mutagens in short-term tests. JF - IARC scientific publications AU - Waters, M D AU - Stack, H F AU - Jackson, M A AU - Brockman, H E AD - US Environmental protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 313 EP - 332 IS - 139 SN - 0300-5038, 0300-5038 KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Data Interpretation, Statistical KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- therapeutic use KW - Chemoprevention -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78544888?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.atitle=Interpretation+of+short-term+test+data%3A+implications+for+assessment+of+chemopreventive+activity.&rft.au=Waters%2C+M+D%3BStack%2C+H+F%3BJackson%2C+M+A%3BBrockman%2C+H+E&rft.aulast=Waters&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=139&rft.spage=313&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=IARC+scientific+publications&rft.issn=03005038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date created - 1997-02-20 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Water-borne pollutants. AN - 78440383; 8871680 JF - Arctic medical research AU - Johansson, N AD - Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm, Sweden. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 6 EP - 12 VL - 55 Suppl 1 SN - 0782-226X, 0782-226X KW - Sewage KW - 0 KW - Water Pollutants KW - Index Medicus KW - Sewage -- statistics & numerical data KW - Humans KW - Water Pollution, Chemical -- statistics & numerical data KW - Sweden UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78440383?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Arctic+medical+research&rft.atitle=Water-borne+pollutants.&rft.au=Johansson%2C+N&rft.aulast=Johansson&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=55+Suppl+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=6&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Arctic+medical+research&rft.issn=0782226X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-22 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-22 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the MDCK cell line for screening neurotoxicants. AN - 78420982; 8856739 AB - The adoption of cell culture models to screen putative neurotoxicants is recognized in view of the consequences of nerve damage by environmental chemicals. Developing cell culture models that mimic certain properties of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) would be especially useful in view of the barrier's strategic role in the neurotoxic process. The present study evaluates a kidney epithelial cell line for its functional and enzymatic resemblance to cerebral endothelial cells. Madin-Darby canine kidney (i.e., MDCK) cells display morphological (i.e., ultrastructurally defined tight junctions), enzymatic (acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, superoxide dismutase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase), and antigenic cell markers (i.e., Factor VIII), also found in cerebral endothelial cells. In addition, MDCK cells develop electrical resistance which is increased in response to conditioned media from astroglial cell lines (i.e., C6). These results suggest that the MDCK cell line might be useful for identifying neurotoxic chemicals that affect BBB integrity through similar endpoints. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Veronesi, B AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Health Effects and Environmental Research Laboratories, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 433 EP - 443 VL - 17 IS - 2 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - Environmental Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein KW - Factor VIII KW - 9001-27-8 KW - Acetylcholinesterase KW - EC 3.1.1.7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Coculture Techniques KW - Animals KW - Glioma -- pathology KW - Kidney -- pathology KW - Cell Line -- drug effects KW - Dogs KW - Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein -- analysis KW - Glioma -- ultrastructure KW - Kidney -- ultrastructure KW - Factor VIII -- analysis KW - Acetylcholinesterase -- analysis KW - Blood-Brain Barrier -- drug effects KW - Environmental Pollutants -- toxicity KW - Toxicity Tests -- methods UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78420982?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+the+MDCK+cell+line+for+screening+neurotoxicants.&rft.au=Veronesi%2C+B&rft.aulast=Veronesi&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1997-01-29 N1 - Date created - 1997-01-29 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on influenza virus host resistance in mice. AN - 78388917; 8838638 AB - 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) causes numerous immunotoxic effects including thymic involution and an immunosuppression of nonspecific as well as specific cell- and humoral-mediated immunity. TCDD administration to laboratory animals also results in a decreased resistance to numerous bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Effects on virus host resistance appear to be among the most sensitive effects of TCDD immunotoxicity. However, previous studies have not achieved a no effect level. The present studies utilized an influenza virus host resistance model in mice to quantify the sensitivity of this model to TCDD and to determine the NOAEL (no observed adverse effect level) of TCDD for influenza virus. Results indicated that a single dose of TCDD at 0.10, 0.05, or 0.01 microgram/kg resulted in an increased mortality to Hong Kong influenza virus when mice were challenged 7 days after TCDD administration. Increased mortality was not correlated with increased virus titers in the lungs. TCDD at 0.005 or 0.001 micrograms/kg had no effect on influenza-induced mortality. TCDD alone did not affect thymus weight at any dose administered in this study. TCDD also did not alter the virus-enhanced increase in lung weight:body weight ratio nor the virus-induced decrease in thymus weight. Thus, low levels of TCDD exposure lead to enhanced mortality to influenza virus; however, the mechanism of this effect remains to be elucidated. Nonetheless, enhanced mortality to influenza virus in mice following a single dose of 10 ng TCDD/kg represents the most sensitive adverse effect yet reported for TCDD. JF - Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology AU - Burleson, G R AU - Lebrec, H AU - Yang, Y G AU - Ibanes, J D AU - Pennington, K N AU - Birnbaum, L S AD - Health Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 40 EP - 47 VL - 29 IS - 1 SN - 0272-0590, 0272-0590 KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Animals KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Survival Rate KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Body Weight -- drug effects KW - Disease Susceptibility -- chemically induced KW - Mice KW - Lung -- pathology KW - Lung -- virology KW - Female KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Influenza A virus -- isolation & purification KW - Immunity, Innate -- drug effects KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- administration & dosage KW - Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins -- toxicity KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections -- virology KW - Influenza A virus -- pathogenicity KW - Orthomyxoviridae Infections -- immunology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78388917?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Effect+of+2%2C3%2C7%2C8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin+%28TCDD%29+on+influenza+virus+host+resistance+in+mice.&rft.au=Burleson%2C+G+R%3BLebrec%2C+H%3BYang%2C+Y+G%3BIbanes%2C+J+D%3BPennington%2C+K+N%3BBirnbaum%2C+L+S&rft.aulast=Burleson&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=40&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+applied+toxicology+%3A+official+journal+of+the+Society+of+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-11 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration in rat cerebellum by polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures and congeners. Structure-activity relationships. AN - 78364851; 8825671 AB - Recent studies from our laboratory indicate that polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners in vitro perturbed signal transduction mechanisms including cellular Ca2+-homeostasis and protein kinase C translocation. We have now investigated the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of three PCB mixtures, 24 PCB congeners and one dibenzofuran for their effects on microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration in rat cerebellum. Ca2+-sequestration by these intracellular organelles was determined using radioactive 45CaCl2. All three mixtures studied, Aroclor 1016, Aroclor 1254 and Aroclor 1260, were equally potent in inhibiting microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration with IC50 values of 6-8 microM. 1,2,3,7,8-Pentachlorodibenzofuran had no effect on Ca2+-sequestration by these organelles. The SAR among the congeners revealed: (1) congeners with ortho-/meta- or ortho-, para-chlorine substitutions were the most potent in inhibiting microsomal and mitochondrial Ca2+-sequestration (IC50 = 2.4-22.3 microM); (2) congeners with only para- but without ortho-substitutions were not effective in inhibiting Ca2+-sequestration by microsomes and mitochondria; (3) increased chlorination was not related to the effectiveness of these congeners. The present SAR studies indicate that the effects of most PCB congeners in vitro may be related to an interaction at specific sites having preference for low lateral substitution or lateral content (meta- or para) in the presence of ortho-substitution. JF - Archives of toxicology AU - Kodavanti, P R AU - Ward, T R AU - McKinney, J D AU - Tilson, H A AD - Neurotoxicology Division, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 150 EP - 157 VL - 70 IS - 3-4 SN - 0340-5761, 0340-5761 KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls KW - DFC2HB4I0K KW - Calcium KW - SY7Q814VUP KW - Index Medicus KW - Rats, Inbred Strains KW - Rats KW - Animals KW - Male KW - Structure-Activity Relationship KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- toxicity KW - Polychlorinated Biphenyls -- chemistry KW - Calcium -- antagonists & inhibitors KW - Cerebellum -- ultrastructure KW - Microsomes -- ultrastructure KW - Cerebellum -- metabolism KW - Calcium -- metabolism KW - Mitochondria -- ultrastructure KW - Cerebellum -- drug effects KW - Microsomes -- metabolism KW - Mitochondria -- drug effects KW - Mitochondria -- metabolism KW - Microsomes -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78364851?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Inhibition+of+microsomal+and+mitochondrial+Ca2%2B-sequestration+in+rat+cerebellum+by+polychlorinated+biphenyl+mixtures+and+congeners.+Structure-activity+relationships.&rft.au=Kodavanti%2C+P+R%3BWard%2C+T+R%3BMcKinney%2C+J+D%3BTilson%2C+H+A&rft.aulast=Kodavanti&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=150&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.issn=03405761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-10 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-10 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Measurement of hydrocarbon-degrading microbial populations by a 96-well plate most-probable-number procedure. AN - 78356625; 8820018 AB - A 96-well microtiter plate most-probable-number (MPN) procedure was developed to enumerate hydrocarbon-degrading microorganisms. The performance of this method, which uses number 2 fuel oil (F2) as the selective growth substrate and reduction of iodonitrotetrazolium violet (INT) to detect positive wells, was evaluated by comparison with an established 24-well microtiter plate MPN procedure (the Sheen Screen), which uses weathered North Slope crude oil as the selective substrate and detects positive wells by emulsification or dispersion of the oil. Both procedures gave similar estimates of the hydrocarbon-degrader population densities in several oil-degrading enrichment cultures and sand samples from a variety of coastal sites. Although several oils were effective substrates for the 96-well procedure, the combination of F2 with INT was best, because the color change associated with INT reduction was more easily detected in the small wells than was disruption of the crude oil slick. The method's accuracy was evaluated by comparing hydrocarbon-degrader MPNs with heterotrophic plate counts for several pure and mixed cultures. For some organisms, it seems likely that a single cell cannot initiate sufficient growth to produce a positive result. Thus, this and other hydrocarbon-degrader MPN procedures might underestimate the hydrocarbon-degrading population, even for culturable organisms. JF - Journal of industrial microbiology AU - Haines, J R AU - Wrenn, B A AU - Holder, E L AU - Strohmeier, K L AU - Herrington, R T AU - Venosa, A D AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 36 EP - 41 VL - 16 IS - 1 SN - 0169-4146, 0169-4146 KW - Hydrocarbons KW - 0 KW - Biotechnology KW - Reproducibility of Results KW - Biodegradation, Environmental KW - Bacteria -- metabolism KW - Colony Count, Microbial -- methods KW - Bacteria -- growth & development KW - Hydrocarbons -- metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78356625?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+industrial+microbiology&rft.atitle=Measurement+of+hydrocarbon-degrading+microbial+populations+by+a+96-well+plate+most-probable-number+procedure.&rft.au=Haines%2C+J+R%3BWrenn%2C+B+A%3BHolder%2C+E+L%3BStrohmeier%2C+K+L%3BHerrington%2C+R+T%3BVenosa%2C+A+D&rft.aulast=Haines&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=36&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+industrial+microbiology&rft.issn=01694146&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-11-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-11-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Toxicity studies of epichlorohydrin in Sprague-Dawley rats. AN - 78312969; 8804552 AB - Adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats received epichlorohydrin via gavage in distilled water for 10 consecutive days at dose levels of 3, 7, 19, and 46 mg/kg-day, and for 90 days at dose levels of 1, 5, and 25 mg/kg-day. Epichlorohydrin did not adversely effect mortality, but toxicity, at the higher doses, was evident by: 1) losses in body weight gain and organ weights, 2) reductions in food and water consumption, and 3) in the hematological and microscopic examinations in both study periods. Significant decreases in erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels were found in the high dose level in males after 10 and 90 days. Dose-related increases in kidney and liver weights were observed in both sexes at 25 mg/kg-day in the 90-day study and in various organs for both 19 and 46 mg/kg-day in the 10-day study. Histopathological examination identified the forestomach as the primary target organ for both sexes and in both studies with significant dose-related increases in mucosal hyperplasia (acanthosis) and hyperkeratosis. Based on the data presented, a lowest observable adverse effect level (LOAEL) for oral exposure of Sprague-Dawley rats to epichlorohydrin is 3 mg/kg-day for 10 days and 1 mg/kg-day is suggested as the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) for a 90 day oral exposure. These conclusions were the same whether the lesions were analyzed for each sex individually or whether the data in each study was pooled. JF - Drug and chemical toxicology AU - Daniel, F B AU - Robinson, M AU - Olson, G R AU - Page, N P AD - Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 41 EP - 58 VL - 19 IS - 1-2 SN - 0148-0545, 0148-0545 KW - Carcinogens KW - 0 KW - Solvents KW - Epichlorohydrin KW - 08OOR508C0 KW - Index Medicus KW - Administration, Oral KW - Weight Gain -- drug effects KW - Animals KW - Blood Chemical Analysis KW - Sex Characteristics KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Liver -- growth & development KW - Ovary -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- drug effects KW - Testis -- growth & development KW - Rats KW - Rats, Sprague-Dawley KW - Animal Feed KW - No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level KW - Testis -- drug effects KW - Drinking -- drug effects KW - Kidney -- growth & development KW - Liver -- drug effects KW - Time Factors KW - Female KW - Male KW - Organ Size -- drug effects KW - Solvents -- toxicity KW - Epichlorohydrin -- administration & dosage KW - Carcinogens -- administration & dosage KW - Epichlorohydrin -- toxicity KW - Solvents -- administration & dosage KW - Stomach -- abnormalities KW - Carcinogens -- toxicity KW - Stomach -- drug effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78312969?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.atitle=Toxicity+studies+of+epichlorohydrin+in+Sprague-Dawley+rats.&rft.au=Daniel%2C+F+B%3BRobinson%2C+M%3BOlson%2C+G+R%3BPage%2C+N+P&rft.aulast=Daniel&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=41&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Drug+and+chemical+toxicology&rft.issn=01480545&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-16 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risks from occupational and dietary exposure to mevinphos. AN - 78276760; 8714219 AB - Mevinphos (trade name, Phosdrin), a category 1 organophosphorus insecticide, has been used mainly as a cleanup pesticide for vegetable crops. A risk assessment for occupational and dietary exposure to mevinphos was initiated because of the high acute toxicity of the compound. Repetitive dosing with mevinphos did not cause any discernible histopathological effects in mice or rats, nor was it oncogenic in either species. The principal toxic effects of mevinphos, both short- and long term, were due to inhibition of cholinesterase activity. Consequently, potential adverse effects from short-term exposures were the primary concern. A human no-observed-effect level (0.025 mg/kg) for cholinergic signs was used as the regulatory basis for calculating margins of safety (MOSs) for potential acute dietary and short-term occupational exposures. Estimates of exposure to mixer/loaders, pilots, and flaggers associated with aerial application of mevinphos were based on passive dosimetry. Because no acceptable exposure studies for work tasks associated with ground application of mevinphos were available, surrogate data based on ground application of oxydemeton-methyl were used. Exposure estimates for field workers and harvesters relied on measured dislodgeable foliar residues of mevinphos and transfer factors generated from studies of other active ingredients. MOSs for mean acute occupational exposure of mixer/loader/applicators associated with ground application and of harvesters working in fruit trees were less than the value conventionally recommended to protect people from the toxic effects of mevinphos. MOSs for the 95th percentile of short-term worker exposure for all mixer/loader work categories associated with mevinphos application were also inadequate. Calculated MOSs for potential acute dietary exposure to measured residue levels of mevinphos were adequate for the various population subgroups. However, 25 of the USEPA tolerances for mevinphos on agricultural commodities were not adequate to protect for the toxic effects of mevinphos from theoretical acute dietary exposure to one or more population subgroups if commodities are consumed with residues at the tolerance level. When the mean short-term occupational exposures were combined with potential acute dietary exposure, the MOSs for mixer/loaders engaged in aerial applications, as well as ground applications, were inadequate to protect people from the toxic effects of mevinphos. As mitigation of the estimated excessive occupational exposures did not appear possible, both California and the USEPA were preparing to cancel registration of the product. However, an agreement was worked out between the manufacturer and the two agencies that ended production for domestic use but allowed existing stocks in the channels of trade to continue to be used for a limited period. JF - Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology AU - Cochran, R C AU - Formoli, T A AU - Silva, M H AU - Kellner, T P AU - Lewis, C M AU - Pfeifer, K F AD - Department of Pesticide Regulation, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento 95814-5624, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 24 VL - 146 SN - 0179-5953, 0179-5953 KW - Insecticides KW - 0 KW - Mevinphos KW - 7786-34-7 KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Risk Assessment KW - Occupational Exposure KW - Insecticides -- toxicity KW - Insecticides -- adverse effects KW - Mevinphos -- adverse effects KW - Mevinphos -- toxicity KW - Diet -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78276760?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.atitle=Risks+from+occupational+and+dietary+exposure+to+mevinphos.&rft.au=Cochran%2C+R+C%3BFormoli%2C+T+A%3BSilva%2C+M+H%3BKellner%2C+T+P%3BLewis%2C+C+M%3BPfeifer%2C+K+F&rft.aulast=Cochran&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=146&rft.issue=&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reviews+of+environmental+contamination+and+toxicology&rft.issn=01795953&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-01 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of structure-activity relationships derived from two methods for estimating octanol-water partition coefficients. AN - 78272847; 8751818 AB - This study examines several established linear relationships between 96-hour acute toxicity to fish (as log LC50) and octanol-water partition coefficient (as log Kow) with regard to the effect of using a different method of calculating log Kow. For all seven classes of compounds examined here, the linear equation parameters, viz., slope, intercept, r2, and standard error of the estimated log LC50, were about the same for the two methods. As expected, the accuracies of predictions for individual compounds were often different for the two methods, but seldom remarkably so. JF - SAR and QSAR in environmental research AU - Cash, G G AU - Clements, R G AD - United States Environmental Protection Agency, Health and Environmental Review Division, Washington, D.C. 20460, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 113 EP - 124 VL - 5 IS - 2 SN - 1062-936X, 1062-936X KW - Acrylates KW - 0 KW - Octanols KW - Water KW - 059QF0KO0R KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Chemistry, Physical KW - Fishes KW - Water -- chemistry KW - Chemical Phenomena KW - Acrylates -- chemistry KW - Lethal Dose 50 KW - Acrylates -- toxicity KW - Solubility KW - Octanols -- chemistry KW - Structure-Activity Relationship UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78272847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+structure-activity+relationships+derived+from+two+methods+for+estimating+octanol-water+partition+coefficients.&rft.au=Cash%2C+G+G%3BClements%2C+R+G&rft.aulast=Cash&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=113&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SAR+and+QSAR+in+environmental+research&rft.issn=1062936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date created - 1996-10-24 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Air pollution and mortality: results from a study of Santiago, Chile. AN - 78129416; 8777376 AB - In 1986, the U.S. EPA issued an air quality standard for particulate matter that included only particulates below 10 microns in diameter (PM10). Unfortunately, epidemiological research investigating the health effects associated with PM10 has been limited by the lack of available daily data from outdoor monitoring stations. Evidence of high concentrations of PM10 in Eastern Europe and in metropolitan areas such as Mexico City and Santiago, Chile underscores the need to evaluate the association between air pollution and mortality. Over the last few years, daily measures of ambient PM10 have been collected in Santiago. Our analysis examines the relationship between PM10 and daily mortality between 1989 and 1991. In addition to total daily mortality, the data were compiled to record total mortality for all males, all females, and those over 65, and mortality from either respiratory disease or cardiovascular disease. Multiple regression analysis was used to explain mortality, with particular attention to controlling for the influence of season and temperature. The results suggest a strong association between PM10 and all of the alternative measures of mortality. The association persists after controlling for daily minimum temperature and binary variables indicating temperature extremes, the day of the week, the month, and the year. Additional sensitivity analyses suggest a fairly robust relationship. In general, a 10 micrograms/m3 change in daily PM10 was associated with a 1% increase in mortality. This relative risk is consistent with the results of recent studies undertaken in the United States. JF - Journal of exposure analysis and environmental epidemiology AU - Ostro, B AU - Sanchez, J M AU - Aranda, C AU - Eskeland, G S AD - Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Berkeley 94704, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 97 EP - 114 VL - 6 IS - 1 SN - 1053-4245, 1053-4245 KW - Air Pollutants KW - 0 KW - Dust KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Weather KW - Chile -- epidemiology KW - Particle Size KW - Humans KW - Seasons KW - Linear Models KW - Epidemiological Monitoring KW - Air Pollutants -- adverse effects KW - Mortality KW - Air Pollution -- analysis KW - Air Pollution -- adverse effects KW - Dust -- analysis KW - Dust -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78129416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.atitle=Air+pollution+and+mortality%3A+results+from+a+study+of+Santiago%2C+Chile.&rft.au=Ostro%2C+B%3BSanchez%2C+J+M%3BAranda%2C+C%3BEskeland%2C+G+S&rft.aulast=Ostro&rft.aufirst=B&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=97&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+exposure+analysis+and+environmental+epidemiology&rft.issn=10534245&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-19 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cancer risk assessment: evolution of the process. AN - 78101181; 8778755 JF - Preventive medicine AU - Farland, W H AD - Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA. PY - 1996 SP - 24 EP - 25 VL - 25 IS - 1 SN - 0091-7435, 0091-7435 KW - Carcinogens, Environmental KW - 0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Animals KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Dose-Response Relationship, Drug KW - Humans KW - Drug Evaluation, Preclinical KW - Risk Assessment KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- adverse effects KW - Neoplasms -- prevention & control KW - Neoplasms -- etiology KW - Carcinogens, Environmental -- pharmacokinetics UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78101181?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Preventive+medicine&rft.atitle=Cancer+risk+assessment%3A+evolution+of+the+process.&rft.au=Farland%2C+W+H&rft.aulast=Farland&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=24&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Preventive+medicine&rft.issn=00917435&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-09-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-09-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Population toxicokinetics of tetrachloroethylene. AN - 78092406; 8975633 AB - In assessing the distribution and metabolism of toxic compounds in the body, measurements are not always feasible for ethical or technical reasons. Computer modeling offers a reasonable alternative, but the variability and complexity of biological systems pose unique challenges in model building and adjustment. Recent tools from population pharmacokinetics, Bayesian statistical inference, and physiological modeling can be brought together to solve these problems. As an example, we modeled the distribution and metabolism of tetrachloroethylene (PERC) in humans. We derive statistical distributions for the parameters of a physiological model of PERC, on the basis of data from Monster et al. (1979). The model adequately fits both prior physiological information and experimental data. An estimate of the relationship between PERC exposure and fraction metabolized is obtained. Our median population estimate for the fraction of inhaled tetrachloroethylene that is metabolized, at exposure levels exceeding current occupational standards, is 1.5% [95% confidence interval (0.52%, 4.1%)]. At levels approaching ambient inhalation exposure (0.001 ppm), the median estimate of the fraction metabolized is much higher, at 36% [95% confidence interval (15%, 58%)]. This disproportionality should be taken into account when deriving safe exposure limits for tetrachloroethylene and deserves to be verified by further experiments. JF - Archives of toxicology AU - Bois, F Y AU - Gelman, A AU - Jiang, J AU - Maszle, D R AU - Zeise, L AU - Alexeef, G AD - Cal/EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 347 EP - 355 VL - 70 IS - 6 SN - 0340-5761, 0340-5761 KW - Tetrachloroethylene KW - TJ904HH8SN KW - Index Medicus KW - Humans KW - Administration, Inhalation KW - Models, Biological KW - Male KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- pharmacokinetics KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- metabolism KW - Tetrachloroethylene -- toxicity KW - Environmental Exposure -- adverse effects UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78092406?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.atitle=Population+toxicokinetics+of+tetrachloroethylene.&rft.au=Bois%2C+F+Y%3BGelman%2C+A%3BJiang%2C+J%3BMaszle%2C+D+R%3BZeise%2C+L%3BAlexeef%2C+G&rft.aulast=Bois&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=70&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Archives+of+toxicology&rft.issn=03405761&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-12-31 N1 - Date created - 1996-12-31 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of electrochemical immunosensors to environmental monitoring. AN - 78058891; 8639278 AB - This paper discusses basic electrochemical immunoassay technology. Factors limiting the practical application of antibodies to analytical problems are also presented. It addresses the potential use of immunoassay methods based on electrochemical detection for the analysis of environmental samples. It provides examples for the detection and quantitation of environmental samples using conducting electroactive polymers (CEPs). CEP-based immunosensing systems are compared with conventional environmental immunoassay procedures. The advantages of using these types of sensors for rapid, sensitive, and cost-effective analysis of pesticides and toxic chemicals are analysed and discussed. CEP-based immunosensing technology might eventually be used for continuous monitoring of effluents such as waste streams to determine compliance with regulations. CEP-based sensors are suitable for monitoring ground-water, waste stream effluents, agricultural run-offs and for monitoring the effectiveness of remediation, or for other situations where a real-time monitoring capability is desired. JF - Biosensors & bioelectronics AU - Sadik, O A AU - Van Emon, J M AD - US-EPA/National Exposure Research Laboratory/CRD, Las Vegas, Nevada 89193-3478, USA sadik_omowunmi@epamail.epa.gov Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - i EP - xi VL - 11 IS - 8 SN - 0956-5663, 0956-5663 KW - Index Medicus KW - Electrochemistry KW - Environmental Monitoring KW - Immunoassay KW - Biosensing Techniques UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/78058891?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biosensors+%26+bioelectronics&rft.atitle=Applications+of+electrochemical+immunosensors+to+environmental+monitoring.&rft.au=Sadik%2C+O+A%3BVan+Emon%2C+J+M&rft.aulast=Sadik&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=i&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biosensors+%26+bioelectronics&rft.issn=09565663&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date created - 1996-07-17 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In vivo genotoxicity of dichloroacetic acid: evaluation with the mouse peripheral blood micronucleus assay and the single cell gel assay. AN - 77992529; 8625942 AB - Chlorination is a widely used method for disinfection of drinking water supplies. Reaction of chlorine with naturally present organic compounds can result in toxic by-products. One major disinfection by-product from the chlorination of drinking water is dichloroacetic acid (DCA). This chemical has been shown to be carcinogenic in rodents, yet little genotoxicity data are available to assess the possible role of DNA and/or chromosomal damage in this process. We have used the peripheral blood erythrocyte micronucleus (MN) assay and the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (SCG) technique to investigate the in vivo genotoxicity of DCA in bone marrow and blood leukocytes, respectively. The MN assay detects chromosome breakage and/or malsegregation, while the SCG assay detects DNA damage (e.g., single strand breaks, alkali-labile sites, crosslinking). Mice were exposed to this compound in drinking water, available ad libitum, for up to 31 weeks. Our results show a small but statistically significant dose-related increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (PCEs) after subchronic exposure to DCA for 9 days. In addition, at the highest dose of DCA tested (3.5 g/l), a small but significant increase in the frequency of micronucleated normochromatic erythrocytes (NCE) was detected following exposure for > or = 10 weeks. Coadministration of the antioxidant vitamin E did not affect the ability of DCA to induce this damage, indicating that the small induction of MN by DCA was probably not due to oxidative damage. Based on the lack of any difference observed in the proportion of kinetochore-positive micronuclei between the treated and control animals, we interpret MN as arising from clastogenic events. The SCG technique suggested the presence of DNA crosslinking in blood leukocytes in mice exposed to 3.5 g/l DCA for 28 days. These data provide evidence that DCA may be an extremely weak inducer of chromosome damage when provided to mice in drinking water under conditions which lead to increased levels of tumors. JF - Environmental and molecular mutagenesis AU - Fuscoe, J C AU - Afshari, A J AU - George, M H AU - DeAngelo, A B AU - Tice, R R AU - Salman, T AU - Allen, J W AD - Environmental Carcinogenesis Division, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 9 VL - 27 IS - 1 SN - 0893-6692, 0893-6692 KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents KW - 0 KW - Antioxidants KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical KW - Vitamin E KW - 1406-18-4 KW - Dichloroacetic Acid KW - 9LSH52S3LQ KW - Index Medicus KW - Animals KW - Erythrocytes -- drug effects KW - Kinetochores -- drug effects KW - Water Supply KW - Mice KW - Leukocytes -- drug effects KW - Micronucleus Tests KW - Antioxidants -- pharmacology KW - Anticarcinogenic Agents -- pharmacology KW - Electrophoresis, Agar Gel KW - Vitamin E -- pharmacology KW - Bone Marrow -- drug effects KW - Male KW - Dichloroacetic Acid -- toxicity KW - DNA Damage KW - Water Pollutants, Chemical -- toxicity UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77992529?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.atitle=In+vivo+genotoxicity+of+dichloroacetic+acid%3A+evaluation+with+the+mouse+peripheral+blood+micronucleus+assay+and+the+single+cell+gel+assay.&rft.au=Fuscoe%2C+J+C%3BAfshari%2C+A+J%3BGeorge%2C+M+H%3BDeAngelo%2C+A+B%3BTice%2C+R+R%3BSalman%2C+T%3BAllen%2C+J+W&rft.aulast=Fuscoe&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+and+molecular+mutagenesis&rft.issn=08936692&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-06-25 N1 - Date created - 1996-06-25 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of the recoveries of Escherichia coli and total coliforms from drinking water by the MI agar method and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-approved membrane filter method. AN - 77956838; 8572697 AB - Drinking water regulations under the Final Coliform Rule require that total coliform-positive drinking water samples be examined for the presence of Escherichia coli or fecal coliforms. The current U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-approved membrane filter (MF) method for E. coli requires two media, an MF transfer, and a total incubation time of 28 h. A newly developed MF method, the MI agar method, containing indoxyl-beta-D-glucuronide and 4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside for the simultaneous detection of E. coli and total coliforms, respectively, by means of their specific enzyme reactions, was compared with the approved method by the use of wastewater-spiked tap water samples. Overall, weighted analysis of variance (significance level, 0.05) showed that the new medium recoveries of total coliforms and E. coli were significantly higher than those of mEndo agar and nutrient agar plus MUG (4-methylumbelliferyl-beta-D-glucuronide), respectively, and the background counts were significantly lower than those of mEndo agar (< 5%). Generally, the tap water source, overall chlorine level, wastewater source, granular activated carbon treatment of the tap water, and method of grouping data by E. coli count for statistical analysis did not affect the performance of the new medium. JF - Applied and environmental microbiology AU - Brenner, K P AU - Rankin, C C AU - Sivaganesan, M AU - Scarpino, P V AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA. Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 203 EP - 208 VL - 62 IS - 1 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - Galactosides KW - 0 KW - Glucuronates KW - Indoles KW - indoxyl glucuronide KW - 35804-66-1 KW - Hymecromone KW - 3T5NG4Q468 KW - Chlorine KW - 4R7X1O2820 KW - 4-methylumbelliferyl-galactopyranoside KW - 6160-78-7 KW - Agar KW - 9002-18-0 KW - Index Medicus KW - United States KW - Micropore Filters KW - Analysis of Variance KW - United States Environmental Protection Agency KW - Hymecromone -- analogs & derivatives KW - Waste Disposal, Fluid KW - Water Supply KW - Colony Count, Microbial -- methods KW - Enterobacteriaceae -- isolation & purification KW - Escherichia coli -- isolation & purification KW - Water Microbiology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77956838?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+recoveries+of+Escherichia+coli+and+total+coliforms+from+drinking+water+by+the+MI+agar+method+and+the+U.S.+Environmental+Protection+Agency-approved+membrane+filter+method.&rft.au=Brenner%2C+K+P%3BRankin%2C+C+C%3BSivaganesan%2C+M%3BScarpino%2C+P+V&rft.aulast=Brenner&rft.aufirst=K&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=203&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+environmental+microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date created - 1996-03-07 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - SuppNotes - Cited By: J Appl Bacteriol. 1974 Mar;37(1):45-57 [4211091] Adv Appl Microbiol. 1978;23:219-43 [28641] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1980 Nov;40(5):922-30 [7447444] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1985 Aug;50(2):412-9 [3901920] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1993 Nov;59(11):3534-44 [8285660] J Appl Bacteriol. 1989 Sep;67(3):343-6 [2693426] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Jan;56(1):54-64 [2106827] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1990 Nov;56(11):3558-64 [2268162] Soc Appl Bacteriol Symp Ser. 1991;20:115S-120S [1887264] Appl Environ Microbiol. 1986 Jan;51(1):1-5 [3513698] N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of artificial sediments in a comparative toxicity study with larvae and postlarvae of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio. AN - 77941997; 15091351 AB - An artificial sediment was tested for use in evaluating the potential hazard of toxicants on benthic organisms. The seawater-sediment system was assessed by use of the pyrethroid insecticide, fenvalerate, as the model toxicant for testing with larvae of the grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, an ecologically important estuarine species. The sediment was prepared from commercially available components, and mixed with the toxicant to provide concentrations of 1, 10 and 100 microg fenvalerate kg(-1) dry sediment in 20 ppt seawater. Sediment free of the insecticide served as the control. Throughout the study, fenvalerate was not detected in the water column, but was measured in sediment at the nominal concentration of 100 microg kg(-1). The P. pugio population was adversely affected by fenvalerate. The effect occurred at metamorphosis, when larvae changed from pelagic individuals to benthic organisms. At this period, larvae were in direct contact with sediment. A portion of the population was tolerant of the insecticide. JF - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) AU - Weber, D E AU - McKenney, C L AU - MacGregor, M A AU - Celestial, D M AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 129 EP - 133 VL - 93 IS - 2 SN - 0269-7491, 0269-7491 UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/77941997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxline&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.atitle=Use+of+artificial+sediments+in+a+comparative+toxicity+study+with+larvae+and+postlarvae+of+the+grass+shrimp%2C+Palaemonetes+pugio.&rft.au=Weber%2C+D+E%3BMcKenney%2C+C+L%3BMacGregor%2C+M+A%3BCelestial%2C+D+M&rft.aulast=Weber&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=129&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+pollution+%28Barking%2C+Essex+%3A+1987%29&rft.issn=02697491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date completed - 2005-01-24 N1 - Date created - 2004-04-19 N1 - Date revised - 2017-01-13 N1 - Last updated - 2017-01-18 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urinary 2-Thiothiazolidine-4-Carboxylic Acid (TTCA) as the Major Urinary Marker of Carbon Disulfide Vapor Exposure in Rats AN - 760216092; 13641641 AB - Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g; 60 per exposure group) were exposed to carbon disulfide (CS2) air concentrations of 0, 50, 150, and 500 ppm(vlv) for 6 hrlday, 5 days/week over six months. Following the exposures, nine rats from each exposure group had four sets of cumulated urines collected (between 0-8, 8-16, 16-24, and 24-48 hr). The urinary parameters measured were: 2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid (TTCA), total thioethers (TE), and the compounds responsive to the iodine-azide (IA) test. Urinary TTCA elimination obeyed pseudo-first-order, one-compartment model kinetics of half-time (t sub(0.5)) 5.2 +/- 0.3 hr up to 16 hr of collection. The elimination of TE within 16 hr had a t sub( 0.5) of 8.5 +/- 0.6 hr. TTCA, IA, and TE were correlated highly in the first 16 hr. After 16 hr, the to.5 for TE lengthened to 13. 1 hr. At CS2 concentrations of 50, 150, and 500 ppm, the respective t sub( 0.5) for IA-responsive compounds were 12.6, 6.1, and 4.4 hr. TTCA had the highest correlation coefficient and p-valuerelative to CS2 exposure concentration, and also was the most sensitive, precise, and selective urinary marker. JF - Toxicology and Industrial Health AU - Cox, Clinton AU - Que Hee, Shane S AU - Lynch, Dennis W AD - Department of Environmental Health University of Cincinnati Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-National Air and Radiation Environmental Laboratory Montgomery, Alabama Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - Jan 1996 SP - 81 EP - 92 PB - Sage Publications Ltd., 6 Bonhill St. London EC2A 4PU UK VL - 12 IS - 1 SN - 0748-2337, 0748-2337 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - Carbon disulfide KW - Vapors KW - Urine KW - Kinetics KW - thioethers KW - Models KW - X 24350:Industrial Chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/760216092?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.atitle=Urinary+2-Thiothiazolidine-4-Carboxylic+Acid+%28TTCA%29+as+the+Major+Urinary+Marker+of+Carbon+Disulfide+Vapor+Exposure+in+Rats&rft.au=Cox%2C+Clinton%3BQue+Hee%2C+Shane+S%3BLynch%2C+Dennis+W&rft.aulast=Cox&rft.aufirst=Clinton&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology+and+Industrial+Health&rft.issn=07482337&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F074823379601200105 LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2010-10-01 N1 - Number of references - 39 N1 - Last updated - 2015-04-09 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Carbon disulfide; Vapors; Urine; Kinetics; thioethers; Models DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/074823379601200105 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Microbial removal of lead from solid media and soil AN - 52816946; 1996-055676 JF - Water, Air and Soil Pollution AU - Vesper, Stephen J AU - Donovan-Brand, Rebecca AU - Paris, K Pete AU - Al-Abed, Souhail R AU - Ryan, James A AU - Davis-Hoover, Wendy J Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 207 EP - 219 PB - Reidel, Dordrecht VL - 86 IS - 1-4 SN - 0049-6979, 0049-6979 KW - thallophytes KW - degradation KW - lead KW - remediation KW - laboratory studies KW - Pseudomonas aeruginosa KW - kinetics KW - soils KW - liquid phase KW - concentration KW - biodegradation KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - physicochemical properties KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - rates KW - bioremediation KW - TEM data KW - metals KW - bacteria KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52816946?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.atitle=Microbial+removal+of+lead+from+solid+media+and+soil&rft.au=Vesper%2C+Stephen+J%3BDonovan-Brand%2C+Rebecca%3BParis%2C+K+Pete%3BAl-Abed%2C+Souhail+R%3BRyan%2C+James+A%3BDavis-Hoover%2C+Wendy+J&rft.aulast=Vesper&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=86&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=207&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water%2C+Air+and+Soil+Pollution&rft.issn=00496979&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.springerlink.com/(hi4cjunvnzs4hnradzi0ib55)/app/home/journal.asp?referrer=parent&backto=linkingpublicationresults,1:100344,1 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 15 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WAPLAC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bacteria; biodegradation; bioremediation; concentration; degradation; experimental studies; kinetics; laboratory studies; lead; liquid phase; metals; microorganisms; monitoring; physicochemical properties; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; rates; remediation; soil treatment; soils; TEM data; thallophytes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Large-scale metal distribution in Baltic Sea sediments AN - 52809493; 1996-074225 JF - Marine Pollution Bulletin AU - Borg, Hans AU - Jonsson, Per Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 8 EP - 21 PB - Pergamon, Oxford-New York VL - 32 IS - 1 SN - 0025-326X, 0025-326X KW - zinc KW - pollutants KW - human activity KW - arsenic KW - pollution KW - lead KW - marine sediments KW - Gulf of Bothnia KW - metals KW - sediments KW - cadmium KW - North Atlantic KW - Eh KW - Baltic Sea KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52809493?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.atitle=Large-scale+metal+distribution+in+Baltic+Sea+sediments&rft.au=Borg%2C+Hans%3BJonsson%2C+Per&rft.aulast=Borg&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=8&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Pollution+Bulletin&rft.issn=0025326X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0025326X LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 53 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sects., 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MPNBAZ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - arsenic; Atlantic Ocean; Baltic Sea; cadmium; Eh; Gulf of Bothnia; human activity; lead; marine sediments; metals; North Atlantic; pollutants; pollution; sediments; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of colloidal transport in ground water, Pinal Creek basin, Arizona AN - 52803269; 1996-071694 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper AU - Puls, Robert W AU - Powell, Robert M AU - Clark, Donald A A2 - Brown, James G. A2 - Favor, Barbara Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 51 EP - 60 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0886-9308, 0886-9308 KW - United States KW - desorption KW - colloidal materials KW - pollutants KW - Pinal Creek basin KW - photon correlation spectra KW - effluents KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - ions KW - hydrochemistry KW - scintillations KW - ground water KW - arsenates KW - transport KW - radioactive tracers KW - Arizona KW - Gila County Arizona KW - USGS KW - geochemistry KW - pH KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52803269?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+colloidal+transport+in+ground+water%2C+Pinal+Creek+basin%2C+Arizona&rft.au=Puls%2C+Robert+W%3BPowell%2C+Robert+M%3BClark%2C+Donald+A&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=51&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.issn=08869308&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; Arizona; arsenates; colloidal materials; desorption; effluents; geochemistry; Gila County Arizona; ground water; hydrochemistry; ions; pH; photon correlation spectra; Pinal Creek basin; pollutants; pollution; radioactive tracers; scintillations; transport; United States; USGS ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of factor analysis to investigate processes controlling the chemical composition of four streams in the Adirondack Mountains, New York AN - 52791254; 1996-079219 AB - Four streams were monitored intensively over a 2 year period. Factor analysis was used to identify interrelationships between dissolved species during this period, and to determine physical processes controlling their behaviour. Analysis of the full dataset identified species which varied predominantly on an episodic timescale, and species which were subject to seasonal cycles. Two-month subsets of data were defined to remove the influence of seasonal cycles, and factor analysis of individual subsets then allowed episodic behaviour to be examined for each 2 month period. Results showed that base cation dilution was a consistent cause of changes in acid neutralising capacity (ANC) in all four streams. NO (sub 3) (super -) exhibited strong seasonality in concentration and also in episode behaviour, increasing during winter-snowmelt episodes, but diluting during some summer episodes. DOC concentrations also varied seasonally, but 2 month analysis indicated episodic increases during all periods. SO (sub 4) (super 2-) did not exhibit consistent episodic behaviour, as it was strongly influenced by antecedent conditions. Behaviour of Ca (super 2+) and Mg (super 2+) was apparently influenced by a significant soil source in three of the streams. JF - Journal of Hydrology AU - Evans, C D AU - Davies, T D AU - Wigington, P J, Jr AU - Tranter, M AU - Kretser, W A Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 297 EP - 316 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 185 IS - 1-4 SN - 0022-1694, 0022-1694 KW - United States KW - calcium KW - magnesium KW - factor analysis KW - rivers and streams KW - carbon KW - calcium ion KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - geochemistry KW - organic materials KW - hydrology KW - alkaline earth metals KW - sulfate ion KW - monitoring KW - surface water KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrochemistry KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - dissolved materials KW - metals KW - seasonal variations KW - northeastern New York KW - Adirondack Mountains KW - magnesium ion KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52791254?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.atitle=Use+of+factor+analysis+to+investigate+processes+controlling+the+chemical+composition+of+four+streams+in+the+Adirondack+Mountains%2C+New+York&rft.au=Evans%2C+C+D%3BDavies%2C+T+D%3BWigington%2C+P+J%2C+Jr%3BTranter%2C+M%3BKretser%2C+W+A&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=185&rft.issue=1-4&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hydrology&rft.issn=00221694&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00221694 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JHYDA7 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Adirondack Mountains; alkaline earth metals; calcium; calcium ion; carbon; chemical composition; dissolved materials; factor analysis; geochemistry; hydrochemistry; hydrology; magnesium; magnesium ion; metals; monitoring; New York; northeastern New York; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; rivers and streams; seasonal variations; statistical analysis; sulfate ion; surface water; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Features of distribution and assessment for control measures of desertification in China AN - 52732997; 1997-031894 AB - In China, desertification has already reached 1117000 km (super 2) , or 11.6% of China's total area, with 33.2% caused by wind action, 33.8% by water action and 33.0% by physical and chemical action. Besides, 1583000 km (super 2) of arable land or 16.5% of China's total area is susceptible to desertification, with 535000 km (super 2) susceptible to wind action, 875000 km (super 2) susceptible to water action and 173000 km (super 2) susceptible to salinization. Desertification in China results from the overgrowth of population and irrational human activities, such as abuse of water resources, over-cultivation, overgrazing and pollution caused by industry and mining under fragile ecological conditions. Finally, the distribution and current control measures are discussed in this paper. JF - Zhonggou Huanjing Kexue = China Environmental Science AU - Zhu, Zhenda AU - Cui, Shuhong Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 328 EP - 334 PB - China Environmental Science Press, Beijing VL - 16 IS - 5 SN - 1000-6923, 1000-6923 KW - forests KW - Far East KW - erosion KW - human activity KW - water erosion KW - desertification KW - controls KW - conservation KW - Asia KW - land use KW - deforestation KW - China KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52732997?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zhonggou+Huanjing+Kexue+%3D+China+Environmental+Science&rft.atitle=Features+of+distribution+and+assessment+for+control+measures+of+desertification+in+China&rft.au=Zhu%2C+Zhenda%3BCui%2C+Shuhong&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Zhenda&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=328&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Zhonggou+Huanjing+Kexue+%3D+China+Environmental+Science&rft.issn=10006923&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - Chinese DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Asia; China; conservation; controls; deforestation; desertification; erosion; Far East; forests; human activity; land use; water erosion ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of groundwater impact due to migration of contaminants from vadose zone AN - 52726065; 1997-032338 JF - AEG News AU - Navayogarajah, N AU - Smith, Lawrence D AU - Cooper, Craig F AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 55 PB - Association of Engineering Geologists, Lawrence, KS VL - 39 IS - 1 SN - 0899-5788, 0899-5788 KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - models KW - migration KW - pollutants KW - unsaturated zone KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - risk assessment KW - ground water KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52726065?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=AEG+News&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+groundwater+impact+due+to+migration+of+contaminants+from+vadose+zone&rft.au=Navayogarajah%2C+N%3BSmith%2C+Lawrence+D%3BCooper%2C+Craig+F%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Navayogarajah&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=39&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=55&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=AEG+News&rft.issn=08995788&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Association of Engineering Geologists 1995 annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - KS N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ground water; migration; models; pollutants; pollution; prediction; risk assessment; soils; solute transport; unsaturated zone ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of variable and uncertain data to quantify environmental pesticide risk AN - 52710233; 1997-043874 JF - SSSA Special Publication AU - Parker, Ronald D AU - Nelson, Henry P AU - Jones, R David AU - Coleman, T L A2 - Nettleton, W. D. A2 - Hornsby, A. G. A2 - Brown, R. B. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 131 EP - 142 PB - Soil Science Society of America, Madison, WI VL - 47 SN - 1063-2565, 1063-2565 KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - annual variations KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - data processing KW - pollution KW - MUltiple SCenario Risk Assessment Tool KW - MUSCRAT KW - models KW - topography KW - transport KW - stochastic processes KW - quantitative analysis KW - runoff KW - risk assessment KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52710233?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.atitle=Use+of+variable+and+uncertain+data+to+quantify+environmental+pesticide+risk&rft.au=Parker%2C+Ronald+D%3BNelson%2C+Henry+P%3BJones%2C+R+David%3BColeman%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Ronald&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=&rft.spage=131&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=SSSA+Special+Publication&rft.issn=10632565&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Soil Science Society of America annual meetings N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 10 N1 - PubXState - WI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - annual variations; data processing; models; MUltiple SCenario Risk Assessment Tool; MUSCRAT; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; quantitative analysis; risk assessment; runoff; soils; statistical analysis; stochastic processes; topography; toxic materials; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Applications of a zero head space large-volume incubator for studying gases and VOC AN - 52704759; 1997-041700 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Morin, J P AU - Cifuentes, L A AU - Coffin, R B AU - Kelley, C A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 20 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 3, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - chemical analysis KW - Ventura County California KW - sea water KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - new methods KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - gases KW - Port Hueneme California KW - California KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - Southern California KW - marine environment KW - volatile organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - North Atlantic KW - geochemistry KW - aquatic environment KW - instruments KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52704759?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Applications+of+a+zero+head+space+large-volume+incubator+for+studying+gases+and+VOC&rft.au=Morin%2C+J+P%3BCifuentes%2C+L+A%3BCoffin%2C+R+B%3BKelley%2C+C+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Morin&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union; American Society of Limnology and Oceanography; 1996 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; Atlantic Ocean; California; chemical analysis; gases; geochemistry; Gulf of Mexico; hydrocarbons; instruments; marine environment; new methods; North Atlantic; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Port Hueneme California; sea water; Southern California; United States; Ventura County California; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Inter-relationships & realistic implications of soil leaching methods AN - 52700416; 1997-054646 JF - Environmental Geotechnology. Proceedings of the ... International Symposium AU - Dutta, Subijoy AU - Cornell, Darrell A2 - Fang, Hsai-Yang A2 - Inyang, Hilary I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 94 EP - 100 PB - Technomic Publishing, Lancaster VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - hazardous waste KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - grain size KW - pollution KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - decontamination KW - carbon KW - chemical properties KW - organic carbon KW - leaching KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52700416?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.atitle=Inter-relationships+%26amp%3B+realistic+implications+of+soil+leaching+methods&rft.au=Dutta%2C+Subijoy%3BCornell%2C+Darrell&rft.aulast=Dutta&rft.aufirst=Subijoy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=94&rft.isbn=1566764629&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 3rd international symposium on Environmental geotechnology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 7 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04504 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - carbon; chemical properties; concentration; decontamination; detection; grain size; hazardous waste; leaching; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; pollutants; pollution; soils ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Predicting contaminant migration in karst aquifers AN - 52698767; 1997-054670 JF - Environmental Geotechnology. Proceedings of the ... International Symposium AU - Field, Malcolm S A2 - Fang, Hsai-Yang A2 - Inyang, Hilary I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 321 EP - 330 PB - Technomic Publishing, Lancaster VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - dispersivity KW - pollutants KW - numerical analysis KW - karst hydrology KW - data processing KW - prediction KW - pollution KW - migration of elements KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - models KW - computer programs KW - physical properties KW - transport KW - tracers KW - hydraulic conductivity KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698767?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.atitle=Predicting+contaminant+migration+in+karst+aquifers&rft.au=Field%2C+Malcolm+S&rft.aulast=Field&rft.aufirst=Malcolm&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=1566764629&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 3rd international symposium on Environmental geotechnology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04504 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; computer programs; data processing; dispersivity; ground water; hydraulic conductivity; karst hydrology; migration of elements; models; numerical analysis; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; prediction; simulation; tracers; transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Ultrasound enhanced soil washing AN - 52698739; 1997-054645 JF - Environmental Geotechnology. Proceedings of the ... International Symposium AU - Meegoda, Jay N AU - Ho, Dustin AU - Frederick, Raymond M A2 - Fang, Hsai-Yang A2 - Inyang, Hilary I. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 83 EP - 93 PB - Technomic Publishing, Lancaster VL - 3, Vol. 1 KW - soils KW - experimental studies KW - organic residues KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - soil treatment KW - pollution KW - techniques KW - ultrasonic methods KW - soil washing KW - organic compounds KW - sedimentary rocks KW - decontamination KW - coal KW - surfactants KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52698739?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.atitle=Ultrasound+enhanced+soil+washing&rft.au=Meegoda%2C+Jay+N%3BHo%2C+Dustin%3BFrederick%2C+Raymond+M&rft.aulast=Meegoda&rft.aufirst=Jay&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=3%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=83&rft.isbn=1566764629&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Geotechnology.+Proceedings+of+the+...+International+Symposium&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 3rd international symposium on Environmental geotechnology N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 9 N1 - Document feature - 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04504 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; coal; decontamination; experimental studies; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; organic residues; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; sedimentary rocks; soil treatment; soil washing; soils; statistical analysis; surfactants; techniques; ultrasonic methods ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Priority concerns AN - 52677412; 1997-070981 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Webber, Walter AU - Eisenreich, Stephen AU - Huggett, Robert AU - Mitchell, Ralph AU - Birnbaum, Linda AU - McClellan, Roger AU - Daisey, Joan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 37A EP - 41A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - graduate-level education KW - water supply KW - medical geology KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - chemical waste KW - education KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - research KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - decontamination KW - industrial waste KW - policy KW - water resources KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52677412?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Priority+concerns&rft.au=Webber%2C+Walter%3BEisenreich%2C+Stephen%3BHuggett%2C+Robert%3BMitchell%2C+Ralph%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda%3BMcClellan%2C+Roger%3BDaisey%2C+Joan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Webber&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=37A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - With discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical waste; decision-making; decontamination; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; education; graduate-level education; industrial waste; land use; medical geology; nonaqueous phase liquids; policy; pollution; preventive measures; remediation; research; soil management; soils; water resources; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparison of AAS, ICP-AES, PSA, and XRF in determining lead and cadmium in soil AN - 52674008; 1997-070992 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Pyle, Steven M AU - Nocerino, John M AU - Deming, Stanley N AU - Palasota, John A AU - Palasota, Josephine M AU - Miller, Eric L AU - Hillman, Daniel C AU - Kuharic, Conrad A AU - Cole, William H AU - Fitzpatrick, Patricia M AU - Watson, Michael A AU - Nichols, K D Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 204 EP - 213 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - hazardous waste KW - zinc KW - concentration KW - toxic materials KW - principal components analysis KW - detection limit KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - lead KW - electrochemical properties KW - atomic absorption spectra KW - iron KW - sample preparation KW - detection KW - metals KW - aluminum KW - cadmium KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52674008?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+AAS%2C+ICP-AES%2C+PSA%2C+and+XRF+in+determining+lead+and+cadmium+in+soil&rft.au=Pyle%2C+Steven+M%3BNocerino%2C+John+M%3BDeming%2C+Stanley+N%3BPalasota%2C+John+A%3BPalasota%2C+Josephine+M%3BMiller%2C+Eric+L%3BHillman%2C+Daniel+C%3BKuharic%2C+Conrad+A%3BCole%2C+William+H%3BFitzpatrick%2C+Patricia+M%3BWatson%2C+Michael+A%3BNichols%2C+K+D&rft.aulast=Pyle&rft.aufirst=Steven&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=204&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 12 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aluminum; atomic absorption spectra; cadmium; concentration; detection; detection limit; electrochemical properties; hazardous waste; iron; lead; metals; pollutants; pollution; principal components analysis; sample preparation; soils; spectra; statistical analysis; toxic materials; X-ray fluorescence spectra; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Current conditions AN - 52673998; 1997-070979 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Daisey, Joan AU - McClellan, Roger AU - Scheuplein, Robert AU - Birnbaum, Linda AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 27A EP - 31A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - toxic materials KW - monitoring KW - medical geology KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - research KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - decontamination KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52673998?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Current+conditions&rft.au=Daisey%2C+Joan%3BMcClellan%2C+Roger%3BScheuplein%2C+Robert%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Daisey&rft.aufirst=Joan&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=27A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - Includes discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decision-making; decontamination; land use; medical geology; monitoring; policy; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; regulations; remediation; research; risk assessment; soil management; soils; toxic materials ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring ocean disposal sites; an example of an integrated study from Mamala Bay, Honolulu, Hawaii AN - 52673648; 1997-064162 JF - Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union AU - Torresan, M E AU - Hampton, M A AU - Wong, F L AU - Ota, A Y AU - Dadey, K A AU - Brock, J B AU - Word, Jack Q AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 13 EP - 14 PB - American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC VL - 77 IS - 3, Suppl. SN - 0096-3941, 0096-3941 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - geophysical surveys KW - Mamala Bay KW - waste disposal sites KW - cores KW - urban environment KW - Honolulu Hawaii KW - dredging KW - acoustical methods KW - marine sediments KW - sediments KW - ecology KW - sedimentary structures KW - monitoring KW - Honolulu County Hawaii KW - biogenic structures KW - geophysical methods KW - Oahu KW - Hawaii KW - East Pacific Ocean Islands KW - X-ray data KW - North Pacific KW - marine environment KW - Pacific Ocean KW - Oceania KW - surveys KW - side-scanning methods KW - Polynesia KW - waste disposal KW - bioturbation KW - sonar methods KW - 20:Applied geophysics KW - 07:Oceanography KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52673648?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.atitle=Monitoring+ocean+disposal+sites%3B+an+example+of+an+integrated+study+from+Mamala+Bay%2C+Honolulu%2C+Hawaii&rft.au=Torresan%2C+M+E%3BHampton%2C+M+A%3BWong%2C+F+L%3BOta%2C+A+Y%3BDadey%2C+K+A%3BBrock%2C+J+B%3BWord%2C+Jack+Q%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Torresan&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=77&rft.issue=3%2C+Suppl.&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Eos%2C+Transactions%2C+American+Geophysical+Union&rft.issn=00963941&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Geophysical Union; American Society of Limnology and Oceanography; 1996 ocean sciences meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - EOSTAJ N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - acoustical methods; benthic taxa; biogenic structures; bioturbation; cores; dredging; East Pacific Ocean Islands; ecology; geophysical methods; geophysical surveys; Hawaii; Honolulu County Hawaii; Honolulu Hawaii; Mamala Bay; marine environment; marine sediments; monitoring; North Pacific; Oahu; Oceania; Pacific Ocean; Polynesia; sedimentary structures; sediments; side-scanning methods; sonar methods; surveys; United States; urban environment; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; X-ray data ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Managing the future AN - 52672847; 1997-070982 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Oppelt, Timothy AU - Carberry, John AU - Kavanaugh, Michael AU - Mulligan, William AU - Webber, Walter AU - McClellan, Roger AU - Loehr, Raymond C AU - Daisey, Joan AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 42A EP - 44A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - education KW - research KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - waste management KW - decontamination KW - industrial waste KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52672847?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Managing+the+future&rft.au=Oppelt%2C+Timothy%3BCarberry%2C+John%3BKavanaugh%2C+Michael%3BMulligan%2C+William%3BWebber%2C+Walter%3BMcClellan%2C+Roger%3BLoehr%2C+Raymond+C%3BDaisey%2C+Joan%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Oppelt&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=42A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - With discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - decision-making; decontamination; education; industrial waste; land use; policy; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; remediation; research; soil management; soils; waste disposal; waste management ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Emerging frontiers AN - 52671819; 1997-070980 JF - Environmental Science & Technology, ES & T AU - Carberry, John AU - Oppelt, Timothy AU - Loehr, Raymond C AU - Kavanaugh, Michael AU - Mulligan, William AU - Webber, Walter AU - Mitchell, Ralph AU - Morgan, Granger AU - Birnbaum, Linda AU - Esty, Daniel AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 32A EP - 36A PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 30 IS - 1 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - soils KW - recycling KW - in situ KW - reclamation KW - pollution KW - decision-making KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - preventive measures KW - remediation KW - decontamination KW - industrial waste KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - waste disposal KW - land use KW - soil management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52671819?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.atitle=Emerging+frontiers&rft.au=Carberry%2C+John%3BOppelt%2C+Timothy%3BLoehr%2C+Raymond+C%3BKavanaugh%2C+Michael%3BMulligan%2C+William%3BWebber%2C+Walter%3BMitchell%2C+Ralph%3BMorgan%2C+Granger%3BBirnbaum%2C+Linda%3BEsty%2C+Daniel%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Carberry&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=32A&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology%2C+ES+%26+T&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/journals/esthag/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - SuppNotes - With discussion; Special issue N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ESTHAG N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bioremediation; cost; decision-making; decontamination; in situ; industrial waste; land use; policy; pollution; preventive measures; reclamation; recycling; remediation; risk assessment; soil management; soils; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - OK, why not drill into the top of the mountain? Further delineation of metals loading pathways to an alpine creek AN - 52667335; 1997-075426 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Wireman, Michael AU - Stover, Bruce K AU - Davies, Gareth J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 479 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - wells KW - United States KW - zinc KW - water quality KW - rivers and streams KW - dye tracers KW - lead KW - Chalk Creek KW - manganese KW - iron KW - ground water KW - movement KW - drainage basins KW - cadmium KW - springs KW - Mary Murphy Mine KW - interpretation KW - discharge KW - abandoned mines KW - hydrology KW - mines KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - Chaffee County Colorado KW - injection KW - pollution KW - porosity KW - metals KW - Colorado KW - water wells KW - permeability KW - Arkansas River KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52667335?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=OK%2C+why+not+drill+into+the+top+of+the+mountain%3F+Further+delineation+of+metals+loading+pathways+to+an+alpine+creek&rft.au=Wireman%2C+Michael%3BStover%2C+Bruce+K%3BDavies%2C+Gareth+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Wireman&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=479&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; Arkansas River; cadmium; Chaffee County Colorado; Chalk Creek; Colorado; discharge; drainage basins; dye tracers; ground water; hydrology; injection; interpretation; iron; lead; manganese; Mary Murphy Mine; metals; mines; monitoring; movement; permeability; pollutants; pollution; porosity; rivers and streams; springs; United States; water quality; water wells; wells; zinc ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Multi-layer sampling in conventional monitoring wells for improved estimation of vertical contaminant distributions and mass AN - 52638901; 1998-010090 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Puls, Robert W AU - Paul, Cynthia J AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 460 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - United States KW - plumes KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - pumping KW - characterization KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - mass KW - spatial distribution KW - organic compounds KW - sampling KW - water wells KW - accuracy KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52638901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Multi-layer+sampling+in+conventional+monitoring+wells+for+improved+estimation+of+vertical+contaminant+distributions+and+mass&rft.au=Puls%2C+Robert+W%3BPaul%2C+Cynthia+J%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Puls&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=460&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - accuracy; aquifers; Atlantic Coastal Plain; characterization; ground water; mass; monitoring; optimization; organic compounds; plumes; pollutants; pollution; pumping; remediation; sampling; spatial distribution; United States; water wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Smoothing troubled waters; a scientific systematic view of mining communities and their environment AN - 52628056; 1998-014948 JF - Abstracts with Programs - Geological Society of America AU - Russell, Carol C AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 21 PB - Geological Society of America (GSA), Boulder, CO VL - 28 IS - 7 SN - 0016-7592, 0016-7592 KW - communities KW - mining geology KW - environmental geology KW - decision-making KW - preservation KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52628056?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.atitle=Smoothing+troubled+waters%3B+a+scientific+systematic+view+of+mining+communities+and+their+environment&rft.au=Russell%2C+Carol+C%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Russell&rft.aufirst=Carol&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=7&rft.spage=21&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Abstracts+with+Programs+-+Geological+Society+of+America&rft.issn=00167592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Geological Society of America, 28th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by the Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, United States N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - GAAPBC N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - communities; decision-making; environmental geology; mining geology; preservation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ biotransformation of trichloroethylene and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene at Picatinny Arsenal, New Jersey AN - 52615673; 1998-024903 JF - Water-Resources Investigations - U. S. Geological Survey AU - Ehlke, Theodore A AU - Wilson, Barbara H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Imbrigiotta, Thomas E AU - Morganwalp, David W AU - Aronson, David A Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 347 EP - 354 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, [Reston, VA] SN - 0092-332X, 0092-332X KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - in situ KW - rates KW - dichloroethylene KW - Picatinny Arsenal KW - bioremediation KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - volatile organic compounds KW - Morris County New Jersey KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethylene KW - New Jersey KW - USGS KW - unconfined aquifers KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52615673?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.atitle=In+situ+biotransformation+of+trichloroethylene+and+cis-1%2C2-dichloroethylene+at+Picatinny+Arsenal%2C+New+Jersey&rft.au=Ehlke%2C+Theodore+A%3BWilson%2C+Barbara+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BImbrigiotta%2C+Thomas+E%3BMorganwalp%2C+David+W%3BAronson%2C+David+A&rft.aulast=Ehlke&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=347&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water-Resources+Investigations+-+U.+S.+Geological+Survey&rft.issn=0092332X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - U.S. Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program technical meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA] N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - WRIND3 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; dichloroethylene; environmental analysis; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; in situ; Morris County New Jersey; New Jersey; organic compounds; Picatinny Arsenal; rates; remediation; trichloroethylene; unconfined aquifers; United States; USGS; volatile organic compounds; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Wetland restoration and creation AN - 52588901; 1998-047190 JF - U. S. Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper AU - Kentula, Mary E AU - Fretwell, Judy D AU - Williams, John S AU - Redman, Phillip J Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 87 EP - 92 PB - U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA SN - 0886-9308, 0886-9308 KW - soils KW - hydrology KW - reclamation KW - surface water KW - legislation KW - government agencies KW - vegetation KW - research KW - environmental effects KW - biota KW - ground water KW - habitat KW - constructed wetlands KW - wetlands KW - saturation KW - land management KW - ecology KW - USGS KW - land use KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52588901?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.atitle=Wetland+restoration+and+creation&rft.au=Kentula%2C+Mary+E%3BFretwell%2C+Judy+D%3BWilliams%2C+John+S%3BRedman%2C+Phillip+J&rft.aulast=Kentula&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=87&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+Water-Supply+Paper&rft.issn=08869308&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://water.usgs.gov/public/nwsum/WSP2425/index.html LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 33 N1 - Availability - U. S. Geol. Surv., Denver, CO, United States N1 - PubXState - VA N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biota; constructed wetlands; ecology; environmental effects; government agencies; ground water; habitat; hydrology; land management; land use; legislation; reclamation; research; saturation; soils; surface water; USGS; vegetation; wetlands ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of methyl bromide in fumigated soils AN - 52426405; 1999-072183 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Anderson, Todd A AU - Rice, Patricia J AU - Cink, James H AU - Coats, Joel R A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 42 EP - 52 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - biodegradation KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - moisture KW - photochemistry KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - bromide ion KW - fumigants KW - bromine KW - remediation KW - physical properties KW - ozone KW - toxicity KW - photolysis KW - agrochemicals KW - transformations KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52426405?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Fate+of+methyl+bromide+in+fumigated+soils&rft.au=Anderson%2C+Todd+A%3BRice%2C+Patricia+J%3BCink%2C+James+H%3BCoats%2C+Joel+R&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=42&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; biodegradation; bromide ion; bromine; degradation; fumigants; halogens; moisture; ozone; photochemistry; photolysis; physical properties; pollutants; pollution; remediation; soils; toxicity; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Determination of 1,3-dichloropropene degradates in water and soil by capillary gas chromatography with mass spectrometric detection AN - 52426357; 1999-072185 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Duebelbeis, D O AU - Thomas, A D AU - Fisher, S E AU - Schelle, G E A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 212 EP - 227 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - moisture KW - surface water KW - gas chromatograms KW - pollution KW - mass spectra KW - capillarity KW - calibration KW - fumigants KW - reagents KW - detection KW - chemical reactions KW - chromatograms KW - agrochemicals KW - spectra KW - dichloropropene KW - chemical composition KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52426357?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Determination+of+1%2C3-dichloropropene+degradates+in+water+and+soil+by+capillary+gas+chromatography+with+mass+spectrometric+detection&rft.au=Duebelbeis%2C+D+O%3BThomas%2C+A+D%3BFisher%2C+S+E%3BSchelle%2C+G+E&rft.aulast=Duebelbeis&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=212&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 11 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; calibration; capillarity; chemical composition; chemical reactions; chromatograms; degradation; detection; dichloropropene; fumigants; gas chromatograms; mass spectra; moisture; monitoring; pollution; reagents; soils; spectra; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis AN - 52424303; 1999-072181 JF - ACS Symposium Series A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 232 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - symposia KW - pollutants KW - agrochemicals KW - industrial waste KW - pollution KW - fumigants KW - chemical waste KW - aerobic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52424303?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=conference&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=210th+national+meeting+of+the+American+Chemical+Society+%2C+symposium+on+Fumigants%3B+environmental+fate%2C+exposure%2C+and+analysis&rft.au=&rft.aulast=&rft.aufirst=&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - SuppNotes - Individual papers within scope are cited separately N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; agrochemicals; chemical waste; fumigants; industrial waste; pollutants; pollution; soils; symposia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Fate of 1,3-dichloropropene in aerobic soils AN - 52420263; 1999-072184 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Batzer, F R AU - Balcer, J L AU - Peterson, J R AU - Wolt, J D A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 60 EP - 78 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - degradation KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - hydrolysis KW - rates KW - migration of elements KW - chemical waste KW - carbon dioxide KW - aerobic environment KW - volatiles KW - mass balance KW - chromatograms KW - tracers KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - dichloropropene KW - kinetics KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52420263?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Fate+of+1%2C3-dichloropropene+in+aerobic+soils&rft.au=Batzer%2C+F+R%3BBalcer%2C+J+L%3BPeterson%2C+J+R%3BWolt%2C+J+D&rft.aulast=Batzer&rft.aufirst=F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=60&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aerobic environment; carbon dioxide; chemical properties; chemical waste; chromatograms; degradation; dichloropropene; hydrolysis; industrial waste; kinetics; mass balance; migration of elements; pollutants; pollution; rates; soils; tracers; volatiles ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Error evaluation of methyl bromide aerodynamic flux measurements AN - 52420227; 1999-072182 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Majewski, Michael S A2 - Seiber, James N. A2 - Knuteson, James A. A2 - Woodrow, James E. A2 - Wolfe, N. Lee A2 - Yates, Marylynn V. A2 - Yates, S. R. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 135 EP - 153 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 652 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - concentration KW - thermal properties KW - statistical analysis KW - halogens KW - pollution KW - bromide ion KW - migration of elements KW - fumigants KW - bromine KW - simulation KW - volatilization KW - volatiles KW - organic compounds KW - methyl bromide KW - errors KW - detection KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - regression analysis KW - permeability KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52420227?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=Error+evaluation+of+methyl+bromide+aerodynamic+flux+measurements&rft.au=Majewski%2C+Michael+S&rft.aulast=Majewski&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=652&rft.issue=&rft.spage=135&rft.isbn=0841234752&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 210th national meeting of the American Chemical Society , symposium on Fumigants; environmental fate, exposure, and analysis N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 21 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - bromide ion; bromine; concentration; detection; errors; fumigants; halogenated hydrocarbons; halogens; methyl bromide; migration of elements; organic compounds; permeability; pollution; regression analysis; simulation; statistical analysis; thermal properties; volatiles; volatilization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The environmental impact of pesticide degradates in groundwater AN - 52401287; 2000-012305 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Barrett, Michael R A2 - Meyer, M. T. A2 - Thurman, E. M. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 200 EP - 225 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 630 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - water quality KW - monitoring KW - degradation KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - effects KW - environmental effects KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - organic compounds KW - toxicity KW - pesticides KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52401287?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=The+environmental+impact+of+pesticide+degradates+in+groundwater&rft.au=Barrett%2C+Michael+R&rft.aulast=Barrett&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=630&rft.issue=&rft.spage=200&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 209th national meeting of the American Chemical Society on Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 9 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - degradation; effects; environmental effects; ground water; herbicides; monitoring; organic compounds; pesticides; pollution; soils; toxicity; triazines; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - In situ derivatization; supercritical fluid extraction method for the determination of chlorophenoxy acid herbicides in soil samples AN - 52397872; 2000-012295 JF - ACS Symposium Series AU - Lopez-Avila, Viorica AU - Benedicto, Janet AU - Beckert, Werner F A2 - Meyer, M. T. A2 - Thurman, E. M. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 63 EP - 76 PB - American Chemical Society, Washington, DC VL - 630 SN - 0097-6156, 0097-6156 KW - soils KW - chemical analysis KW - in situ KW - herbicides KW - surface water KW - agriculture KW - pollution KW - chlorophenoxy acid KW - ground water KW - sample preparation KW - sampling KW - applications KW - pesticides KW - geochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52397872?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.atitle=In+situ+derivatization%3B+supercritical+fluid+extraction+method+for+the+determination+of+chlorophenoxy+acid+herbicides+in+soil+samples&rft.au=Lopez-Avila%2C+Viorica%3BBenedicto%2C+Janet%3BBeckert%2C+Werner+F&rft.aulast=Lopez-Avila&rft.aufirst=Viorica&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=630&rft.issue=&rft.spage=63&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ACS+Symposium+Series&rft.issn=00976156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 209th national meeting of the American Chemical Society on Herbicide metabolites in surface water and groundwater N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 5 N1 - PubXState - DC N1 - Document feature - 10 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ACSMC8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agriculture; applications; chemical analysis; chlorophenoxy acid; geochemistry; ground water; herbicides; in situ; pesticides; pollution; sample preparation; sampling; soils; surface water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Artificial recharge; attempt to develop guidelines AN - 52373471; 2000-024857 JF - NHP Rapport = Nordic Hydrological Programme Report AU - Dahlstrom, Kim AU - Pedersen, Morten A2 - Kivimaki, Anna-Liisa A2 - Suokko, Tuulikki Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 19 EP - 23 PB - The Nordic Coordinating Committee for Hydrology, varies VL - 38 SN - 0900-0267, 0900-0267 KW - thallophytes KW - water quality KW - Plantae KW - Western Europe KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - artificial recharge KW - purification KW - pollution KW - Europe KW - algae KW - ground water KW - Scandinavia KW - water treatment KW - bacteria KW - Denmark KW - pesticides KW - microfossils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52373471?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NHP+Rapport+%3D+Nordic+Hydrological+Programme+Report&rft.atitle=Artificial+recharge%3B+attempt+to+develop+guidelines&rft.au=Dahlstrom%2C+Kim%3BPedersen%2C+Morten&rft.aulast=Dahlstrom&rft.aufirst=Kim&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=&rft.spage=19&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=NHP+Rapport+%3D+Nordic+Hydrological+Programme+Report&rft.issn=09000267&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - International symposium on Artificial recharge of groundwater N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 3 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; artificial recharge; bacteria; Denmark; Europe; ground water; microfossils; pesticides; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; purification; regulations; Scandinavia; thallophytes; water quality; water treatment; Western Europe ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The single community concept; a model for adult environmental education AN - 52212378; 2001-053597 JF - The Ohio Journal of Science AU - Kizer, Glen G AU - Baker, Marilyn E AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 32 PB - Ohio Academy of Science, Columbus, OH VL - 96 IS - 2 SN - 0030-0950, 0030-0950 KW - hydrology KW - public awareness KW - popular geology KW - environmental geology KW - education KW - elementary geology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52212378?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.atitle=The+single+community+concept%3B+a+model+for+adult+environmental+education&rft.au=Kizer%2C+Glen+G%3BBaker%2C+Marilyn+E%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Kizer&rft.aufirst=Glen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=96&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=32&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=The+Ohio+Journal+of+Science&rft.issn=00300950&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - The Ohio Academy of Science 105th annual meeting N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2001-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - OJSCA9 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - education; elementary geology; environmental geology; hydrology; popular geology; public awareness ER - TY - JOUR T1 - An adaptive local grid refinement to solve nonlinear transport problems with moving fronts AN - 52125858; 2002-027100 AB - Highly nonlinear advection-dispersion-reactive equations govern numerous transport phenomena in subsurface media. Robust, accurate, and efficient algorithms to solve these equations hold the key to the success of applying numerical models to field problems. This paper presents the development and verification of a computational algorithm to approximate the highly nonlinear transport equations of multiphase flow and reactive chemical transport. The algorithm was developed based on the Lagrangian-Eulerian decoupling method with an adaptive ZOOMing and Peak/valley Capture (LEZOOMPC) scheme. It consisted of both backward and forward node tracking, rough element determination, peak/valley capturing, and adaptive local grid refinement. A second-order implicit tracking was implemented to accurately and efficiently track all fictitious particles. The unique feature of the algorithm is the adaptive mechanism. Unlike other adaptive local grid refinement methods, the adaptive mechanism of LEZOOMPC was based on the almost "true" error estimates. The accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm were verified with the Burger's equation for a variety of cases. The robustness of the algorithm to achieve convergent solutions was demonstrated for highly nonlinear multiphase flow and reactive contaminant transport problems. JF - Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources AU - Yeh, G T AU - Cheng, H P AU - Cheng, J R AU - Short, T E AU - Enfield, C A2 - Aldama, A. A. A2 - Aparicio, J. A2 - Brebbia, C. A. A2 - Gray, W. G. A2 - Herrera, I. A2 - Pinder, G. F. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 577 EP - 584 PB - Computational Mechanics Publications VL - 11, Vol. 1 KW - solute transport KW - dispersivity KW - grid refinement KW - numerical models KW - pollution KW - hydrodynamics KW - algorithms KW - fluid dynamics KW - advection KW - ground water KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52125858?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=An+adaptive+local+grid+refinement+to+solve+nonlinear+transport+problems+with+moving+fronts&rft.au=Yeh%2C+G+T%3BCheng%2C+H+P%3BCheng%2C+J+R%3BShort%2C+T+E%3BEnfield%2C+C&rft.aulast=Yeh&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=577&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Computational methods in subsurface flow and transport problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03136 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - advection; algorithms; dispersivity; fluid dynamics; grid refinement; ground water; hydrodynamics; numerical models; pollution; solute transport ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enhancing groundwater flow and solute transport analyses using GIS at a Florida Superfund site AN - 52121754; 2002-027114 AB - The level of detail, or depth of assessment, when using mathematical models is measured by the amount and resolution of the data used, and the sophistication of the analyses employed. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can be used to enhance model application for resolving complex environmental issues by developing automated techniques for analyses on database structures, model configuration, and model parameterization. Preliminary work for enhancing model application was conducted on databases from a Florida Superfund site. Analytical GIS procedures were developed in order to enhance the use of the three-dimensional groundwater modeling system (GMS) developed by the U.S. Army Crops of Engineers and U. S. Environmental Protection Agency. Analytical map processing techniques, such as map reclassification, overlay and simple buffering around features are demonstrated. We also follow a new wave of GIS applications which concentrates on advanced statistical operations. For example, GIS was used to discovered relationships between vegetation and soil evapotranspirations. GIS and GMS played important roles in each of five modeling steps: conceptual model development, physical set up of a numerical model, calibration, routine simulation, and presentation of simulation results. JF - Proceedings of the International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources AU - Chen, D AU - Winkie, J AU - Carsel, R AU - Moeti, L AU - Vona, B A2 - Aldama, A. A. A2 - Aparicio, J. A2 - Brebbia, C. A. A2 - Gray, W. G. A2 - Herrera, I. A2 - Pinder, G. F. Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 701 EP - 707 PB - Computational Mechanics Publications VL - 11, Vol. 1 KW - United States KW - solute transport KW - soils KW - three-dimensional models KW - pumping KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - karst KW - vegetation KW - fluid dynamics KW - Florida KW - environmental analysis KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - water table KW - fractures KW - recharge KW - geographic information systems KW - information systems KW - Superfund sites KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52121754?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.atitle=Enhancing+groundwater+flow+and+solute+transport+analyses+using+GIS+at+a+Florida+Superfund+site&rft.au=Chen%2C+D%3BWinkie%2C+J%3BCarsel%2C+R%3BMoeti%2C+L%3BVona%2C+B&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11%2C+Vol.+1&rft.issue=&rft.spage=701&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+International+Conference+on+Computational+Methods+in+Water+Resources&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Eleventh international conference on Computational methods in subsurface flow and transport problems N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #03136 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifers; environmental analysis; Florida; fluid dynamics; fractures; geographic information systems; ground water; information systems; karst; mathematical models; pollution; pumping; recharge; soils; solute transport; Superfund sites; three-dimensional models; United States; vegetation; water table ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Estimating the changing rate of anaerobic reductive dehalogenation of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons in the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons AN - 52117994; 2002-038700 JF - Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection and Remediation Conference AU - Moutoux, David E AU - Benson, Leigh Alvarado AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Lenhart, John AU - Wilson, John T AU - Hansen, Jerry E A2 - Stanley, Anita Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 399 EP - 413 PB - Ground Water Publishing Company, Westerville, OH VL - 1996 KW - vinyl chloride KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - degradation KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - trichloroethane KW - tetrachloroethylene KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - reduction KW - geochemistry KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - dehalogenation KW - pollution KW - mathematical models KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - BTEX KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - hydrocarbons KW - anaerobic environment KW - efficiency KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 02B:Hydrochemistry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52117994?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.atitle=Estimating+the+changing+rate+of+anaerobic+reductive+dehalogenation+of+chlorinated+aliphatic+hydrocarbons+in+the+presence+of+petroleum+hydrocarbons&rft.au=Moutoux%2C+David+E%3BBenson%2C+Leigh+Alvarado%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BWiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BLenhart%2C+John%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E&rft.aulast=Moutoux&rft.aufirst=David&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1996 Petroleum hydrocarbons & organic chemicals in ground water; prevention, detection, and remediation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04977 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; anaerobic environment; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; biodegradation; bioremediation; BTEX; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; degradation; dehalogenation; efficiency; geochemistry; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; mathematical models; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; reduction; remediation; tetrachloroethylene; trichloroethane; vinyl chloride; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Monitoring in situ bioremediation of fuel hydrocarbons; the use of chemical and biogeochemical markers AN - 52114454; 2002-038706 JF - Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection and Remediation Conference AU - Barcelona, Michael J AU - Fang, Jiasong AU - West, Candida A2 - Stanley, Anita Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 511 EP - 524 PB - Ground Water Publishing Company, Westerville, OH VL - 1996 KW - United States KW - fatty acids KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - geochemical indicators KW - chemical properties KW - geochemistry KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - in situ KW - pollutants KW - biochemistry KW - pollution KW - petroleum products KW - bioremediation KW - hydrochemistry KW - biomarkers KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - Wurtsmith Air Force Base KW - alkylbenzenes KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - Iosco County Michigan KW - hydrocarbons KW - shallow aquifers KW - Michigan KW - military facilities KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology KW - 02A:General geochemistry UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52114454?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.atitle=Monitoring+in+situ+bioremediation+of+fuel+hydrocarbons%3B+the+use+of+chemical+and+biogeochemical+markers&rft.au=Barcelona%2C+Michael+J%3BFang%2C+Jiasong%3BWest%2C+Candida&rft.aulast=Barcelona&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=511&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1996 Petroleum hydrocarbons & organic chemicals in ground water; prevention, detection, and remediation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04977 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - alkylbenzenes; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biochemistry; biodegradation; biomarkers; bioremediation; chemical properties; environmental analysis; fatty acids; geochemical indicators; geochemistry; ground water; hydrocarbons; hydrochemistry; in situ; Iosco County Michigan; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; military facilities; monitoring; organic acids; organic compounds; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; remediation; shallow aquifers; United States; Wurtsmith Air Force Base ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical protocol for evaluating the natural attenuation of chlorinated ethenes in groundwater AN - 52113770; 2002-038737 JF - Proceedings of the Petroleum Hydrocarbons and Organic Chemicals in Ground Water: Prevention, Detection and Remediation Conference AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald AU - Hansen, Jerry E AU - Haas, Patrick A2 - Stanley, Anita Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 425 EP - 441 PB - Ground Water Publishing Company, Westerville, OH VL - 1996 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - biodegradation KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - aliphatic hydrocarbons KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - attenuation KW - organic compounds KW - ethylene KW - toxicity KW - transport KW - decontamination KW - water treatment KW - alkenes KW - hydrocarbons KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - water pollution KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/52113770?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.atitle=Technical+protocol+for+evaluating+the+natural+attenuation+of+chlorinated+ethenes+in+groundwater&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E%3BHaas%2C+Patrick&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996&rft.issue=&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings+of+the+Petroleum+Hydrocarbons+and+Organic+Chemicals+in+Ground+Water%3A+Prevention%2C+Detection+and+Remediation+Conference&rft.issn=&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - 1996 Petroleum hydrocarbons & organic chemicals in ground water; prevention, detection, and remediation conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2002-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 27 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - #04977 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aliphatic hydrocarbons; alkenes; attenuation; biodegradation; bioremediation; chlorinated hydrocarbons; decontamination; ethylene; ground water; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; regulations; remediation; toxicity; transport; water pollution; water treatment ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Hazard ranking of contaminated sediments based on chemical analysis, laboratory toxicity tests, and benthic community composition; prioritizing sites for remedial action AN - 51761949; 2005-010581 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Wildhaber, Mark L AU - Schmitt, Christopher J A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 639 EP - 652 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - government agencies KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - chlorodioxins KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - ammonia compound KW - esters KW - North America KW - chlorofurans KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - Indiana Harbor KW - benzene KW - phthalates KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - Michigan KW - pesticides KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761949?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Hazard+ranking+of+contaminated+sediments+based+on+chemical+analysis%2C+laboratory+toxicity+tests%2C+and+benthic+community+composition%3B+prioritizing+sites+for+remedial+action&rft.au=Wildhaber%2C+Mark+L%3BSchmitt%2C+Christopher+J&rft.aulast=Wildhaber&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=639&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 19 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia compound; aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; benzene; Buffalo River; chlorodioxins; chlorofurans; environmental analysis; esters; fluvial environment; government agencies; Great Lakes region; hydrocarbons; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; metals; Michigan; New York; North America; organic compounds; pesticides; phthalates; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; remediation; risk assessment; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rapid sediment assessment; indicator analysis and screening analysis approaches AN - 51761922; 2005-010572 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Rathbun, Joseph E AU - Huellmantel, Laura Lang AU - Tracy, Mary AU - Smith, V Elliott AU - Ahlgren, Kristen A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 523 EP - 533 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - methods KW - North America KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - Ottawa River KW - sediments KW - immunoassays KW - X-ray fluorescence spectra KW - spectra KW - fluvial environment KW - Ohio KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761922?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Rapid+sediment+assessment%3B+indicator+analysis+and+screening+analysis+approaches&rft.au=Rathbun%2C+Joseph+E%3BHuellmantel%2C+Laura+Lang%3BTracy%2C+Mary%3BSmith%2C+V+Elliott%3BAhlgren%2C+Kristen&rft.aulast=Rathbun&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=523&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 16 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Buffalo River; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; immunoassays; Indiana Harbor; methods; North America; Ohio; Ottawa River; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; spectra; stream sediments; United States; X-ray fluorescence spectra ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Carcinogenic human health risks associated with consuming contaminated fish from five Great Lakes areas of concern AN - 51761695; 2005-010582 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Crane, Judy L A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 653 EP - 668 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - polychlorinated dibenzodioxins KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - medical geology KW - stream sediments KW - Sheboygan River KW - PCBs KW - lead KW - environmental analysis KW - Pisces KW - carcinogens KW - Ashtabula River KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Wisconsin KW - Grand Calumet River KW - Ohio KW - North America KW - Chordata KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - surface water KW - pollution KW - organo-metallics KW - Indiana Harbor KW - polychlorinated dibenzofurans KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - methylmercury KW - metals KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - risk assessment KW - Michigan KW - Vertebrata KW - fluvial environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761695?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Carcinogenic+human+health+risks+associated+with+consuming+contaminated+fish+from+five+Great+Lakes+areas+of+concern&rft.au=Crane%2C+Judy+L&rft.aulast=Crane&rft.aufirst=Judy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=653&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 57 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aromatic hydrocarbons; Ashtabula River; Buffalo River; carcinogens; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Chordata; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Grand Calumet River; Great Lakes region; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; lead; medical geology; metals; methylmercury; Michigan; New York; North America; Ohio; organic compounds; organo-metallics; PCBs; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; polychlorinated dibenzodioxins; polychlorinated dibenzofurans; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; risk assessment; Saginaw River; sediments; Sheboygan River; stream sediments; surface water; toxicity; United States; Vertebrata; Wisconsin ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessing contamination in Great Lakes sediments using benthic invertebrate communities and the sediment quality triad approach AN - 51761666; 2005-010576 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Canfield, Timothy J AU - Dwyer, F James AU - Fairchild, James F AU - Haverland, Pamela S AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Kemble, Nile E AU - Mount, David R AU - La Point, Thomas W AU - Burton, G Allen AU - Swift, M C A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 565 EP - 583 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - benthic taxa KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - New York KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761666?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Assessing+contamination+in+Great+Lakes+sediments+using+benthic+invertebrate+communities+and+the+sediment+quality+triad+approach&rft.au=Canfield%2C+Timothy+J%3BDwyer%2C+F+James%3BFairchild%2C+James+F%3BHaverland%2C+Pamela+S%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BKemble%2C+Nile+E%3BMount%2C+David+R%3BLa+Point%2C+Thomas+W%3BBurton%2C+G+Allen%3BSwift%2C+M+C&rft.aulast=Canfield&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=565&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 68 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - 6 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; Buffalo River; ecosystems; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Invertebrata; Michigan; New York; North America; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Modeling the transport of sediments and hydrophobic contaminants in the lower Saginaw River AN - 51761393; 2005-010583 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Cardenas, Mary AU - Lick, Wilbert A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 669 EP - 682 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - PCBs KW - simulation KW - environmental analysis KW - transport KW - sediments KW - hydrodynamics KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - discharge KW - hydrophobic materials KW - Michigan Lower Peninsula KW - North America KW - numerical models KW - sediment transport KW - Saginaw County Michigan KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - sedimentation KW - pollution KW - Tuscola County Michigan KW - fluvial sedimentation KW - two-dimensional models KW - organic compounds KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761393?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Modeling+the+transport+of+sediments+and+hydrophobic+contaminants+in+the+lower+Saginaw+River&rft.au=Cardenas%2C+Mary%3BLick%2C+Wilbert&rft.aulast=Cardenas&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=669&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 8 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables, sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons; discharge; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; fluvial sedimentation; Great Lakes region; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrodynamics; hydrophobic materials; Michigan; Michigan Lower Peninsula; North America; numerical models; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw County Michigan; Saginaw River; sediment transport; sedimentation; sediments; simulation; stream sediments; transport; Tuscola County Michigan; two-dimensional models; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Development and calibration of a fine-grained sediment transport model for the Buffalo River AN - 51761258; 2005-010587 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Gailani, Joseph AU - Lick, Wilbert AU - Ziegler, C Kirk AU - Endicott, Douglas Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 765 EP - 778 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - Buffalo River KW - stream transport KW - numerical models KW - sediment transport KW - grain size KW - fines KW - surface water KW - sedimentation KW - suspended materials KW - fluvial sedimentation KW - models KW - New York KW - Erie County New York KW - hydrodynamics KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761258?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Development+and+calibration+of+a+fine-grained+sediment+transport+model+for+the+Buffalo+River&rft.au=Gailani%2C+Joseph%3BLick%2C+Wilbert%3BZiegler%2C+C+Kirk%3BEndicott%2C+Douglas&rft.aulast=Gailani&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=765&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 25 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Buffalo River; Erie County New York; fines; fluvial sedimentation; grain size; hydrodynamics; models; New York; numerical models; sediment transport; sedimentation; stream transport; surface water; suspended materials; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Application of toxicity identification evaluation techniques to pore water from Buffalo River sediments AN - 51761072; 2005-010573 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Ankley, Gerald T AU - Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K AU - Dierkes, Joseph R A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 534 EP - 544 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - Chordata KW - Buffalo River KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - Pisces KW - New York KW - Erie County New York KW - toxicity KW - metals KW - sediments KW - Vertebrata KW - geochemistry KW - fluvial environment KW - pore water KW - ammonia compound KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761072?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Application+of+toxicity+identification+evaluation+techniques+to+pore+water+from+Buffalo+River+sediments&rft.au=Ankley%2C+Gerald+T%3BSchubauer-Berigan%2C+Mary+K%3BDierkes%2C+Joseph+R&rft.aulast=Ankley&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=534&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 36 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables, sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - ammonia compound; Buffalo River; Chordata; environmental analysis; Erie County New York; fluvial environment; geochemistry; government agencies; metals; New York; Pisces; pollutants; pollution; pore water; remediation; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Introduction; the Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments (ARC) Program AN - 51761064; 2005-010569 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Fox, Richard G AU - Tuchman, Marc A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 493 EP - 494 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - monitoring KW - Great Lakes region KW - regulations KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - remediation KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - Clean Water Act KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51761064?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Introduction%3B+the+Assessment+and+Remediation+of+Contaminated+Sediments+%28ARC%29+Program&rft.au=Fox%2C+Richard+G%3BTuchman%2C+Marc&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=493&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Clean Water Act; environmental analysis; government agencies; Great Lakes region; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; monitoring; North America; pollution; regulations; remediation; sediments; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Calculation and evaluation of sediment effect concentrations for the amphipod Hyalella azteca and the midge Chironomus riparius AN - 51760688; 2005-010579 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Haverland, Pamela S AU - Brunson, Eric L AU - Canfield, Timothy J AU - Dwyer, F James AU - Henke, Christopher E AU - Kemble, Nile E AU - Mount, David R AU - Fox, Richard G A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 602 EP - 623 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - PCBs KW - Alabama KW - Hyalella KW - Malacostraca KW - toxicity KW - Invertebrata KW - Mississippi River KW - Waukegan Harbor KW - Insecta KW - North America KW - living taxa KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - Texas KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - Mandibulata KW - Chironomus KW - hydrocarbons KW - Michigan KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - United States KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - Buffalo River KW - stream sediments KW - Clark Fork KW - environmental analysis KW - Trinity River KW - sampling KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - Mobile Bay KW - Minnesota KW - concentration KW - Illinois KW - Crustacea KW - pollution KW - Chironomus riparius KW - Gulf Coastal Plain KW - Indiana Harbor KW - Montana KW - Hyalella azteca KW - Galveston Bay KW - Arthropoda KW - Amphipoda KW - metals KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51760688?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Calculation+and+evaluation+of+sediment+effect+concentrations+for+the+amphipod+Hyalella+azteca+and+the+midge+Chironomus+riparius&rft.au=Ingersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BHaverland%2C+Pamela+S%3BBrunson%2C+Eric+L%3BCanfield%2C+Timothy+J%3BDwyer%2C+F+James%3BHenke%2C+Christopher+E%3BKemble%2C+Nile+E%3BMount%2C+David+R%3BFox%2C+Richard+G&rft.aulast=Ingersoll&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=602&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 43 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Alabama; Amphipoda; aromatic hydrocarbons; Arthropoda; Buffalo River; Chironomus; Chironomus riparius; chlorinated hydrocarbons; Clark Fork; concentration; Crustacea; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Galveston Bay; Great Lakes; Gulf Coastal Plain; halogenated hydrocarbons; Hyalella; Hyalella azteca; hydrocarbons; Illinois; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Insecta; Invertebrata; living taxa; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; metals; Michigan; Minnesota; Mississippi River; Mobile Bay; Montana; New York; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Saginaw River; sampling; sediments; stream sediments; Texas; toxicity; Trinity River; United States; Waukegan Harbor ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical considerations in sediment quality surveys AN - 51760296; 2005-010571 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Smith, V Elliott AU - Rathbun, Joseph E AU - Rood, Stephen G AU - Huellmantel, Laura Lang A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 512 EP - 522 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - methods KW - North America KW - Global Positioning System KW - government agencies KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - pollution KW - environmental analysis KW - cores KW - sampling KW - sediments KW - lacustrine environment KW - surveys KW - Great Lakes KW - remote sensing KW - lake sediments KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51760296?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Technical+considerations+in+sediment+quality+surveys&rft.au=Smith%2C+V+Elliott%3BRathbun%2C+Joseph+E%3BRood%2C+Stephen+G%3BHuellmantel%2C+Laura+Lang&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=512&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 plates N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - cores; environmental analysis; field studies; Global Positioning System; government agencies; Great Lakes; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; methods; North America; pollution; remote sensing; sampling; sediments; surveys; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Problems and recommendations in using algal toxicity testing to evaluate contaminated sediments AN - 51759554; 2005-010574 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Hall, Nadine E AU - Fairchild, James F AU - La Point, Thomas W AU - Heine, Paul R AU - Ruessler, David S AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 545 EP - 556 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - methods KW - photosynthesis KW - phytoplankton KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - ecosystems KW - plankton KW - algae KW - environmental analysis KW - toxicity KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - North America KW - Plantae KW - experimental studies KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - photochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - Indiana Harbor KW - New York KW - testing KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51759554?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Problems+and+recommendations+in+using+algal+toxicity+testing+to+evaluate+contaminated+sediments&rft.au=Hall%2C+Nadine+E%3BFairchild%2C+James+F%3BLa+Point%2C+Thomas+W%3BHeine%2C+Paul+R%3BRuessler%2C+David+S%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Nadine&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=545&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 50 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; bioassays; Buffalo River; ecosystems; environmental analysis; experimental studies; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; methods; New York; North America; photochemistry; photosynthesis; phytoplankton; plankton; Plantae; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; testing; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A comparison of sediment toxicity test methods at three Great Lake areas of concern AN - 51759115; 2005-010570 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Burton, G Allen, Jr AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Burnett, LouAnn C AU - Henry, Mary AU - Hinman, Mark L AU - Klaine, Stephen J AU - Landrum, Peter F AU - Ross, Philippe AU - Tuchman, Marc A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 495 EP - 511 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - Calumet River KW - ecosystems KW - Hexagenia KW - algae KW - environmental analysis KW - Hyalella KW - Pisces KW - Malacostraca KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - Insecta KW - Ceriodaphnia KW - North America KW - Plantae KW - Chordata KW - Lemna KW - living taxa KW - Diporeia KW - Crustacea KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - bioassays KW - Daphnia KW - Arthropoda KW - Amphipoda KW - Mandibulata KW - Chironomus KW - Hydrilla KW - bacteria KW - Pimephales KW - testing KW - Vertebrata KW - fluvial environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51759115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=A+comparison+of+sediment+toxicity+test+methods+at+three+Great+Lake+areas+of+concern&rft.au=Burton%2C+G+Allen%2C+Jr%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BBurnett%2C+LouAnn+C%3BHenry%2C+Mary%3BHinman%2C+Mark+L%3BKlaine%2C+Stephen+J%3BLandrum%2C+Peter+F%3BRoss%2C+Philippe%3BTuchman%2C+Marc&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=G&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=495&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 5 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; Amphipoda; Arthropoda; bacteria; bioassays; Buffalo River; Calumet River; Ceriodaphnia; Chironomus; Chordata; Crustacea; Daphnia; Diporeia; ecosystems; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Hexagenia; Hyalella; Hydrilla; Insecta; Invertebrata; Lemna; living taxa; Malacostraca; Mandibulata; North America; Pimephales; Pisces; Plantae; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; testing; toxicity; United States; Vertebrata ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutagenicity of Great Lakes sediments AN - 51758866; 2005-010578 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Papoulias, Diana M AU - Buckler, Denny R A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 591 EP - 601 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - Ames method KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - mutagenicity KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - organic compounds KW - New York KW - sampling KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758866?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Mutagenicity+of+Great+Lakes+sediments&rft.au=Papoulias%2C+Diana+M%3BBuckler%2C+Denny+R&rft.aulast=Papoulias&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=591&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 42 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ames method; aquatic environment; Buffalo River; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Michigan; mutagenicity; New York; North America; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sampling; sediments; stream sediments; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Sampling benthic communities for sediment toxicity assessments using grab samplers and artificial substrates AN - 51758832; 2005-010575 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Swift, Michael C AU - Canfield, Timothy J AU - La Point, Thomas W A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 557 EP - 564 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - benthic taxa KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - stream sediments KW - Little Scioto River KW - Vermes KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - substrates KW - toxicity KW - sampling KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Invertebrata KW - Ohio KW - North America KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - Indiana Harbor KW - Montana KW - New York KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - Milltown Reservoir KW - grab sampling KW - field studies KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758832?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Sampling+benthic+communities+for+sediment+toxicity+assessments+using+grab+samplers+and+artificial+substrates&rft.au=Swift%2C+Michael+C%3BCanfield%2C+Timothy+J%3BLa+Point%2C+Thomas+W&rft.aulast=Swift&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=557&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 31 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; Buffalo River; ecosystems; environmental analysis; field studies; fluvial environment; grab sampling; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Invertebrata; Little Scioto River; Michigan; Milltown Reservoir; Montana; New York; North America; Ohio; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sampling; sediments; stream sediments; substrates; toxicity; United States; Vermes ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Optimization of the Ames/salmonella mutagenicity assay for use with extracts of aquatic sediments AN - 51758615; 2005-010577 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Papoulias, Diana M AU - Buckler, Denny R AU - Tillitt, Donald E A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 584 EP - 590 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - United States KW - North America KW - Buffalo River KW - Great Lakes region KW - Ames method KW - stream sediments KW - pollutants KW - Saginaw River KW - pollution KW - optimization KW - mutagenicity KW - Indiana Harbor KW - environmental analysis KW - assays KW - New York KW - toxicity KW - chromatograms KW - Indiana KW - sediments KW - Michigan KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51758615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=Optimization+of+the+Ames%2Fsalmonella+mutagenicity+assay+for+use+with+extracts+of+aquatic+sediments&rft.au=Papoulias%2C+Diana+M%3BBuckler%2C+Denny+R%3BTillitt%2C+Donald+E&rft.aulast=Papoulias&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=584&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 18 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 7 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ames method; aquatic environment; assays; Buffalo River; chromatograms; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; Great Lakes region; Indiana; Indiana Harbor; Michigan; mutagenicity; New York; North America; optimization; pollutants; pollution; Saginaw River; sediments; stream sediments; toxicity; United States ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Disposal of wastes and dredged sediments in the New York Bight AN - 51210363; 2000-048580 AB - This paper provides an historical overview of ocean disposal activities in the New York Bight under the federal ocean disposal program established by the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA) of 1972 and modified by the Ocean Dumping Ban Act (ODBA) of 1988 and the Water Resources Development Act (WRDA) of 1992. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for designating and managing ocean disposal sites, and for enforcing permit and statutory requirements. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) is responsible for issuing dredged material permits; EPA, for all other ocean disposal permits. Programs have included those for acid waste, industrial waste, cellar dirt, woodburning at sea, municipal sewage sludge, and dredged material. The volumes, geographic extent, duration, regulations, and current status of these disposal activities are examined. Historical trends include increases in scientific research, public concern and involvement, government oversight, and the use of non-ocean alternatives, as well as a dramatic decrease in ocean disposal activities. JF - Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences AU - Massa, Audrey A AU - Del Vicario, Mario AU - Pabst, Douglas AU - Pechko, Patricia AU - Lechich, Alex AU - Stern, Eric A AU - Dieterich, Robert AU - May, Brian AU - Friedman, Gerald M Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 265 EP - 285 PB - Northeastern Science Foundation, Troy, NY VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 1933-2742, 1933-2742 KW - United States KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - Bight Apex KW - sewage KW - public policy KW - government agencies KW - waste disposal sites KW - U. S. Environmental Protection Agency KW - environmental analysis KW - dredged materials KW - history KW - New York KW - planning KW - industrial waste KW - coastal environment KW - New York Bight KW - Hudson Valley KW - waste disposal KW - North Atlantic KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51210363?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.atitle=Disposal+of+wastes+and+dredged+sediments+in+the+New+York+Bight&rft.au=Massa%2C+Audrey+A%3BDel+Vicario%2C+Mario%3BPabst%2C+Douglas%3BPechko%2C+Patricia%3BLechich%2C+Alex%3BStern%2C+Eric+A%3BDieterich%2C+Robert%3BMay%2C+Brian%3BFriedman%2C+Gerald+M&rft.aulast=Massa&rft.aufirst=Audrey&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=265&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.issn=19332742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Waste management and dredged-material disposal in the nearshore environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 52 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 10 tables, geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; Bight Apex; coastal environment; dredged materials; environmental analysis; government agencies; history; Hudson Valley; industrial waste; New York; New York Bight; North Atlantic; Northwest Atlantic; planning; public policy; sewage; U. S. Environmental Protection Agency; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Closure of the New York Bight 12-mile sewage sludge dumpsite; ecosystem responses with implications for resource management AN - 51210321; 2000-048584 AB - In the early 1970s, a large area of the New York Bight was closed to shellfish harvesting primarily due to microbial contamination from sewage sludge dumping for half a century at a site 12 miles off the coasts of New York and New Jersey. By the mid-1980s, no single policy issue of coastal water use generated as much public concern as that of ocean dumping of waste material, particularly sewage sludge. The 1987 closure of the sewage sludge dumpsite provided an opportunity to study the response of coastal living resources and their habitats to removal of a major source of contaminants and nutrients. In anticipation of the closure of the dumpsite, a multidisciplinary program was established which was based on a number of testable hypotheses related to expected changes in the habitats and biota. The field studies comprised monthly surveys for a minimum of 18 months preceding and 23 months following closure of the site in December 1987. Since 1989, selected variables have been monitored semi-annually. Following cessation of dumping, significant changes occurred in bottom-water and surface-sediment quality. These included precipitous decreases in levels of coliform bacteria at several study sites and slower declines in concentrations of labile organic material, Clostridium perfringens spores, and trace metals. Seabed oxygen consumption decreased and was accompanied by increased sediment redox potential resulting in mitigation of annual hypoxic conditions by >2 mg/L. Shifts in the macrobenthic community (greater diversity and lower abundances of species associated with organic carbon pollution) were correlated with the changing environmental conditions, particularly increased oxygenation. No statistically significant changes were detected in abundances of fishes during the 39 months they were studied. However, lobster abundance increased, accompanied by an increase in the number of lobster traps (the latter possibly due to a perceived decrease on the part of the lobstermen in the rate of fouling). Selected variables have been followed since 1989 to permit testing of statistical trend forecasts. For example, through 1995, Clostridium perfringens spore counts have continued a slow, steady decline projected to continue for 7 to 10 more years. Results from this study help to establish a sound scientific basis on which managers can consider resources when wastes are introduced to coastal marine systems. JF - Northeastern Geology and Environmental Sciences AU - Draxler, A F J AU - Studholme, A L AU - Zdanowicz, V S AU - Reid, R N AU - Vitaliano, J J AU - Wilk, S J AU - Katz, I AU - O'Reilly, J E AU - Friedman, Gerald M Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 293 EP - 303 PB - Northeastern Science Foundation, Troy, NY VL - 18 IS - 4 SN - 1933-2742, 1933-2742 KW - United States KW - water quality KW - biodegradation KW - benthic taxa KW - sewage KW - pollutants KW - public policy KW - waste disposal sites KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - environmental analysis KW - preventive measures KW - New York KW - marine environment KW - surveys KW - New York Bight KW - waste disposal KW - resource management KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51210321?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.atitle=Closure+of+the+New+York+Bight+12-mile+sewage+sludge+dumpsite%3B+ecosystem+responses+with+implications+for+resource+management&rft.au=Draxler%2C+A+F+J%3BStudholme%2C+A+L%3BZdanowicz%2C+V+S%3BReid%2C+R+N%3BVitaliano%2C+J+J%3BWilk%2C+S+J%3BKatz%2C+I%3BO%27Reilly%2C+J+E%3BFriedman%2C+Gerald+M&rft.aulast=Draxler&rft.aufirst=A+F&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Northeastern+Geology+and+Environmental+Sciences&rft.issn=19332742&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Waste management and dredged-material disposal in the nearshore environment N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2000-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 22 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. geol. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - benthic taxa; biodegradation; ecosystems; environmental analysis; marine environment; New York; New York Bight; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; public policy; resource management; sewage; surveys; United States; waste disposal; waste disposal sites; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Spatial analysis of bathymetry with ecological indicators in Chesapeake Bay AN - 51157653; 2003-062304 JF - ESRI Map Book AU - Copeland, Jane AU - Comeleo, Randy AU - Paul, John F Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 64 PB - Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, CA VL - 11 SN - 1540-4145, 1540-4145 KW - United States KW - programs KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Virginia KW - oxygen KW - cartography KW - ArcGIS KW - data processing KW - solutes KW - ArcInfo KW - indicators KW - environmental analysis KW - geographic information systems KW - dissolved oxygen KW - Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program KW - EMAP KW - information systems KW - ecology KW - applications KW - Maryland KW - bathymetry KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51157653?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ESRI+Map+Book&rft.atitle=Spatial+analysis+of+bathymetry+with+ecological+indicators+in+Chesapeake+Bay&rft.au=Copeland%2C+Jane%3BComeleo%2C+Randy%3BPaul%2C+John+F&rft.aulast=Copeland&rft.aufirst=Jane&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=&rft.spage=64&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ESRI+Map+Book&rft.issn=15404145&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2014, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2003-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch map N1 - Last updated - 2014-03-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - applications; ArcGIS; ArcInfo; bathymetry; cartography; Chesapeake Bay; data processing; dissolved oxygen; ecology; EMAP; environmental analysis; Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program; geographic information systems; indicators; information systems; Maryland; oxygen; programs; solutes; United States; Virginia ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Approximation of biodegradation rate constants for monoaromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) in ground water AN - 51058758; 1996-079059 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Wiedemeier, Todd H AU - Swanson, Matthew A AU - Wilson, John T AU - Kampbell, Donald H AU - Miller, Ross H AU - Hansen, Jerry E Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 186 EP - 194 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - sorption KW - contaminant plumes KW - toluene KW - one-dimensional models KW - Davis County Utah KW - observation wells KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - volatilization KW - transport KW - oil spills KW - tracers KW - biodegradation KW - monitoring KW - pollutants KW - solutes KW - pollution KW - rates KW - bioremediation KW - benzene KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - dilution KW - Hill Air Force Base KW - steady-state processes KW - hydrocarbons KW - xylene KW - Utah KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51058758?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Approximation+of+biodegradation+rate+constants+for+monoaromatic+hydrocarbons+%28BTEX%29+in+ground+water&rft.au=Wiedemeier%2C+Todd+H%3BSwanson%2C+Matthew+A%3BWilson%2C+John+T%3BKampbell%2C+Donald+H%3BMiller%2C+Ross+H%3BHansen%2C+Jerry+E&rft.aulast=Wiedemeier&rft.aufirst=Todd&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=186&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 34 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biodegradation; bioremediation; contaminant plumes; Davis County Utah; dilution; ground water; Hill Air Force Base; hydrocarbons; models; monitoring; nonaqueous phase liquids; observation wells; oil spills; one-dimensional models; organic compounds; pollutants; pollution; rates; remediation; solutes; sorption; steady-state processes; toluene; tracers; transport; United States; Utah; volatilization; wells; xylene ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Comparability of large-scale studies of agricultural chemical contamination of rural private wells AN - 51050948; 1996-071192 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Ray, Chittaranjan AU - Schock, Susan C Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 92 EP - 102 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - water quality KW - detection limit KW - techniques KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - triazines KW - simazine KW - sampling KW - agrochemicals KW - alachlor KW - nitrate ion KW - chemical composition KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - herbicides KW - pollution KW - metolachlor KW - aquifers KW - organic compounds KW - detection KW - atrazine KW - rural environment KW - pesticides KW - water wells KW - National Pesticide Survey KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51050948?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Comparability+of+large-scale+studies+of+agricultural+chemical+contamination+of+rural+private+wells&rft.au=Ray%2C+Chittaranjan%3BSchock%2C+Susan+C&rft.aulast=Ray&rft.aufirst=Chittaranjan&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=92&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 35 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-09-16 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - agrochemicals; alachlor; aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; atrazine; chemical composition; concentration; detection; detection limit; drinking water; ground water; herbicides; metolachlor; National Pesticide Survey; nitrate ion; organic compounds; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; rural environment; sampling; simazine; techniques; triazines; United States; water quality; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Benefits and costs of wellhead protection AN - 51050082; 1996-071187 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - Job, Charles A Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 65 EP - 68 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 16 IS - 2 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - United States KW - protection KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - pollutants KW - regulations KW - legislation KW - pollution KW - cost KW - preventive measures KW - urban environment KW - ground water KW - wellhead protection KW - rural environment KW - water wells KW - water resources KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51050082?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Benefits+and+costs+of+wellhead+protection&rft.au=Job%2C+Charles+A&rft.aulast=Job&rft.aufirst=Charles&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=65&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2016-11-17 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; cost; ground water; legislation; pollutants; pollution; preventive measures; protection; regulations; rural environment; United States; urban environment; water resources; water wells; wellhead protection; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Compatibility of NAPLs and other organic compounds with materials used in well construction, sampling, and remediation AN - 51046523; 1997-034451 JF - Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation AU - McCaulou, Douglas R AU - Jewett, David G AU - Huling, Scott G Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 125 EP - 131 PB - Ground Water Publishing Co., Dublin, OH VL - 16 IS - 4 SN - 1069-3629, 1069-3629 KW - wells KW - hazardous waste KW - corrosion KW - aquifer vulnerability KW - sealing KW - degradation KW - creosote KW - chemical waste KW - dense nonaqueous phase liquids KW - preventive measures KW - ground water KW - aquifers KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - organic compounds KW - solvents KW - infiltration KW - industrial waste KW - chemical properties KW - water wells KW - construction KW - construction materials KW - 21:Hydrogeology KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51046523?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.atitle=Compatibility+of+NAPLs+and+other+organic+compounds+with+materials+used+in+well+construction%2C+sampling%2C+and+remediation&rft.au=McCaulou%2C+Douglas+R%3BJewett%2C+David+G%3BHuling%2C+Scott+G&rft.aulast=McCaulou&rft.aufirst=Douglas&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=125&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Ground+Water+Monitoring+%26+Remediation&rft.issn=10693629&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1111/(ISSN)1745-6592 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2016, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - OH N1 - Document feature - 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2016-10-25 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquifer vulnerability; aquifers; chemical properties; chemical waste; construction; construction materials; corrosion; creosote; degradation; dense nonaqueous phase liquids; ground water; hazardous waste; industrial waste; infiltration; nonaqueous phase liquids; organic compounds; preventive measures; sealing; solvents; water wells; wells ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The mining history and environmental clean-up at the Summitville Mine AN - 51033776; 1998-037425 JF - Colorado Geological Survey Open-File Report AU - Ketellapper, Victor L AU - Pendleton, James A AU - Posey, Harry H AU - Long, Mike B AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 PB - Colorado Geological Survey, Denver, CO SN - 0271-888X, 0271-888X KW - United States KW - water quality KW - mining KW - mines KW - heap leaching KW - acid mine drainage KW - site exploration KW - reclamation KW - surface water KW - Rio Grande County Colorado KW - pollution KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - Summitville Mine KW - waste disposal KW - leaching KW - Colorado KW - abandoned mines KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51033776?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Colorado+Geological+Survey+Open-File+Report&rft.atitle=The+mining+history+and+environmental+clean-up+at+the+Summitville+Mine&rft.au=Ketellapper%2C+Victor+L%3BPendleton%2C+James+A%3BPosey%2C+Harry+H%3BLong%2C+Mike+B%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Ketellapper&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Colorado+Geological+Survey+Open-File+Report&rft.issn=0271888X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1998-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 14 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - SuppNotes - Field trip No. 20 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - abandoned mines; acid mine drainage; Colorado; ground water; heap leaching; leaching; mines; mining; pollution; reclamation; remediation; Rio Grande County Colorado; site exploration; Summitville Mine; surface water; United States; waste disposal; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Illinois Source Water Protection Program; small system benefits; a groundwater perspective AN - 51029567; 1999-016748 JF - Proceedings, AWWA Annual Conference AU - Cobb, Richard P AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 585 EP - 594 PB - American Water Works Association, Denver, CO VL - 1996, Vol. A SN - 0360-814X, 0360-814X KW - United States KW - protection KW - water quality KW - programs KW - Illinois Groundwater Protection Act 1987 KW - Marengo Illinois KW - Illinois KW - Illinois Source Water Protection Program KW - water management KW - drinking water KW - ground water KW - case studies KW - Illinois Environmental Protection Agency KW - planning KW - 21:Hydrogeology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/51029567?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings%2C+AWWA+Annual+Conference&rft.atitle=Illinois+Source+Water+Protection+Program%3B+small+system+benefits%3B+a+groundwater+perspective&rft.au=Cobb%2C+Richard+P%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Cobb&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1996%2C+Vol.+A&rft.issue=&rft.spage=585&rft.isbn=089867879X&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Proceedings%2C+AWWA+Annual+Conference&rft.issn=0360814X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Water Works Association, 1996 annual conference N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1999-01-01 N1 - PubXState - CO N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. sketch maps N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - case studies; drinking water; ground water; Illinois; Illinois Environmental Protection Agency; Illinois Groundwater Protection Act 1987; Illinois Source Water Protection Program; Marengo Illinois; planning; programs; protection; United States; water management; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Composition and morphology of late Quaternary carbonate deposits, outer continental shelf, Northeast Gulf of Mexico AN - 50938390; 1997-017849 AB - Organically-produced carbonate features are common on the outer continental shelf from east of the Mississippi River delta to the western rim of the De Soto Canyon. The features are composed of various assemblages of calcareous algae, chelostomes bryozoans, serpulid worms, foraminifrea, and corals. Lithologies are primarily bindstones with some associated wackestones and packstones. Marine and some possible meteoric cements are minor components. The features investigated to date occur in five morphologic configurations: pinnacles, flat-top reefs, patch reefs, reef-like mounds, and isobath parallel ridges. Pinnacles are high-relief, spire-like structures 10-50 m wide at their bases and up to 18m tall. They are found in an elongated, curved cluster in the southwest part of the study area at depths of 105-120 m and scattered in the far west at depths of 77-90 m. Flat-top reefs are broad, steep sided features up to 1000 m across and 15 m in vertical relief. They are located in the west-central region between 74-82 m. Patch reefs are mostly mushroom shaped with 1-5 m wide pedestal-like bases and bulbous tops up to 10 m across. They occur at depths of 74-84 m in at least two separate fields in the western region. Reef-like mounds are found along the western rim of the De Soto Canyon. They are 10-70 m wide, up to 4 m high and are found at depths of 70-80 m. Isobath parallel ridges are 10's to 100's of meters wide and up to 15 km long with seaward facing escarpments up to 8 m in relief. Most are confined to a depth range of 68-76 m. The carbonate material represents a crust over relict barrier island or longshore bar deposits. These organic features developed during the transgression following the last Wisconsinan lowstand. Subsequent growth accompanied sea level rise until they were either unable to keep pace with the rate of rise and drowned and/or were exposed to regional environmental changes, such as variations in magnitude or location of fresh water and sediment discharge, that were unsuitable for normal growth and reproduction. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Schroeder, W W AU - Benson, D J AU - Pearce, P J AU - Hancock, K M AU - Sager, W W AU - Howard, R O AU - Shultz, A W AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 127 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 5 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - Bryozoa KW - Vermes KW - reefs KW - fresh water KW - algae KW - De Soto Canyon KW - Gulf of Mexico KW - Wisconsinan KW - variations KW - relief KW - patch reefs KW - upper Pleistocene KW - Foraminifera KW - Cenozoic KW - sedimentary rocks KW - outer shelf KW - boundstone KW - pinnacle reefs KW - Anthozoa KW - Invertebrata KW - Louisiana KW - discharge KW - Plantae KW - Protista KW - Quaternary KW - assemblages KW - Mississippi Delta KW - northeastern Gulf of Mexico KW - Coelenterata KW - sea-level changes KW - upper Quaternary KW - Pleistocene KW - scarps KW - continental shelf KW - Cnidaria KW - North Atlantic KW - carbonate rocks KW - microfossils KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - 24:Quaternary geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50938390?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=Composition+and+morphology+of+late+Quaternary+carbonate+deposits%2C+outer+continental+shelf%2C+Northeast+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+W+W%3BBenson%2C+D+J%3BPearce%2C+P+J%3BHancock%2C+K+M%3BSager%2C+W+W%3BHoward%2C+R+O%3BShultz%2C+A+W%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=W&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=127&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1996 annual convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - algae; Anthozoa; assemblages; Atlantic Ocean; boundstone; Bryozoa; carbonate rocks; Cenozoic; Cnidaria; Coelenterata; continental shelf; De Soto Canyon; discharge; Foraminifera; fresh water; Gulf of Mexico; Invertebrata; Louisiana; microfossils; Mississippi Delta; North Atlantic; northeastern Gulf of Mexico; outer shelf; patch reefs; pinnacle reefs; Plantae; Pleistocene; Protista; Quaternary; reefs; relief; scarps; sea-level changes; sedimentary rocks; United States; upper Pleistocene; upper Quaternary; variations; Vermes; Wisconsinan ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A composite model for assessing subsurface transport of oily wastes; verification and site application AN - 50937285; 1997-017629 AB - A composite numerical model incorporating multiphase flow and transport in the unsaturated and saturated zones has been developed for predicting the subsurface migration of oily wastes and dissolved constituents. The composite simulator consists of three major interconnected computational modules: (1) vertical multiphase flow and transport in the unsaturated zone, (2) areal movement of the free-product lens in the saturated zone, and (3) constituent 3-D transport of dissolved chemical in ambient groundwater. The model accounts for all key transport processes including infiltration and ambient flow of NAPL, entrapment of residual NAPL, adsorption, volatilization, degradation, dissolution of chemical constituents, and advective-dispersive transport. Two examples are presented to demonstrate the model verification and site application. The composite model also can simulate biochemical degradation and chemical reactions that produce transformation products. Simulation results obtained using the composite model are compared with a rigorous numerical solution and field observations of crude oil saturations and plume concentrations of total dissolved organic carbon at a spill site in Minnesota. These comparisons demonstrate the ability of the composite model to provide realistic depiction of field-scale situations in a computationally efficient and cost-effective manner. JF - Annual Meeting Expanded Abstracts - American Association of Petroleum Geologists AU - Panday, S AU - Wu, Y S AU - Huyakorn, P S AU - Wade, S C AU - Saleem, Z A AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 110 PB - American Association of Petroleum Geologists and Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, OK VL - 5 SN - 0094-0038, 0094-0038 KW - United States KW - degradation KW - contaminant plumes KW - unsaturated zone KW - solution KW - simulation KW - ground water KW - volatilization KW - saturated zone KW - transport KW - carbon KW - oil spills KW - crude oil KW - applications KW - organic carbon KW - organic materials KW - Minnesota KW - numerical models KW - chemical dispersion KW - pollutants KW - pollution KW - adsorption KW - petroleum products KW - advection KW - nonaqueous phase liquids KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - dissolved materials KW - infiltration KW - waste disposal KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50937285?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.atitle=A+composite+model+for+assessing+subsurface+transport+of+oily+wastes%3B+verification+and+site+application&rft.au=Panday%2C+S%3BWu%2C+Y+S%3BHuyakorn%2C+P+S%3BWade%2C+S+C%3BSaleem%2C+Z+A%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Panday&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=5&rft.issue=&rft.spage=110&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Annual+Meeting+Expanded+Abstracts+-+American+Association+of+Petroleum+Geologists&rft.issn=00940038&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - American Association of Petroleum Geologists 1996 annual convention N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data supplied by American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Tulsa, OK, United States N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - PubXState - OK N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - APGAB2 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - adsorption; advection; applications; carbon; chemical dispersion; contaminant plumes; crude oil; degradation; dissolved materials; ground water; infiltration; Minnesota; models; nonaqueous phase liquids; numerical models; oil spills; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; petroleum products; pollutants; pollution; saturated zone; simulation; solution; transport; United States; unsaturated zone; volatilization; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Case study 1; The Chesapeake Bay Programme, U.S.A. AN - 50934633; 1997-044407 JF - Reports and Studies - IMO/FAO/UNESCO-IOC/WMO/IAEA/UN/UNEP Joint Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection (GESAMP) AU - Matuszeski, William AU - Anonymous Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 25 EP - 30 PB - United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, Paris VL - 61 SN - 1020-4873, 1020-4873 KW - United States KW - protection KW - water quality KW - programs KW - Chesapeake Bay KW - Susquehanna River basin KW - pollution KW - ecosystems KW - nutrients KW - models KW - case studies KW - marine environment KW - coastal environment KW - risk assessment KW - policy KW - estuarine environment KW - Atlantic Coastal Plain KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50934633?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reports+and+Studies+-+IMO%2FFAO%2FUNESCO-IOC%2FWMO%2FIAEA%2FUN%2FUNEP+Joint+Group+of+Experts+on+the+Scientific+Aspects+of+Marine+Environmental+Protection+%28GESAMP%29&rft.atitle=Case+study+1%3B+The+Chesapeake+Bay+Programme%2C+U.S.A.&rft.au=Matuszeski%2C+William%3BAnonymous&rft.aulast=Matuszeski&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=&rft.spage=25&rft.isbn=9251038562&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reports+and+Studies+-+IMO%2FFAO%2FUNESCO-IOC%2FWMO%2FIAEA%2FUN%2FUNEP+Joint+Group+of+Experts+on+the+Scientific+Aspects+of+Marine+Environmental+Protection+%28GESAMP%29&rft.issn=10204873&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Coastal Plain; case studies; Chesapeake Bay; coastal environment; ecosystems; estuarine environment; marine environment; models; nutrients; policy; pollution; programs; protection; risk assessment; Susquehanna River basin; United States; water quality ER - TY - JOUR T1 - U. S. Geological Survey protocol for measuring low levels of inorganic constituents, including trace elements, in surface-water samples AN - 50934373; 1997-055842 JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication. STP AU - Fitzgerald, Kathleen K AU - Miller, Timothy L AU - Horowitz, Arthur J AU - Demas, Charles R AU - Rickert, D A A2 - Morgan, James Howard Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 329 EP - 342 PB - American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, PA VL - 1282 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - water quality KW - water supply KW - survey organizations KW - detection limit KW - U. S. Geological Survey KW - surface water KW - government agencies KW - pollution KW - standardization KW - samplers KW - research KW - errors KW - detection KW - sampling KW - quality control KW - trace elements KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50934373?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.atitle=U.+S.+Geological+Survey+protocol+for+measuring+low+levels+of+inorganic+constituents%2C+including+trace+elements%2C+in+surface-water+samples&rft.au=Fitzgerald%2C+Kathleen+K%3BMiller%2C+Timothy+L%3BHorowitz%2C+Arthur+J%3BDemas%2C+Charles+R%3BRickert%2C+D+A&rft.aulast=Fitzgerald&rft.aufirst=Kathleen&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=1282&rft.issue=&rft.spage=329&rft.isbn=0803120435&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication.+STP&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Conference title - Symposium on Sampling environmental media N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1997-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 4 N1 - PubXState - PA N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - ASTTA8 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - detection; detection limit; errors; government agencies; pollution; quality control; research; samplers; sampling; standardization; surface water; survey organizations; trace elements; U. S. Geological Survey; water quality; water supply ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Life after death; lignin-humic relationships reexamined AN - 50334658; 1996-056456 JF - Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology AU - Shevchenko, Sergey M AU - Bailey, George W Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 95 EP - 153 PB - CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL VL - 26 IS - 2 SN - 1064-3389, 1064-3389 KW - lignin KW - humification KW - humic acids KW - NMR spectra KW - infrared spectra KW - pyrolysis KW - carbon KW - chemical properties KW - spectra KW - reduction KW - organic carbon KW - chemical composition KW - heavy metals KW - soils KW - organic materials KW - biodegradation KW - pedogenesis KW - physicochemical properties KW - oxidation KW - pollution KW - molecular structure KW - organic compounds KW - organic acids KW - humic substances KW - biogenic processes KW - detection KW - fulvic acids KW - transformations KW - microorganisms KW - 25:Soils KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50334658?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Life+after+death%3B+lignin-humic+relationships+reexamined&rft.au=Shevchenko%2C+Sergey+M%3BBailey%2C+George+W&rft.aulast=Shevchenko&rft.aufirst=Sergey&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=95&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Critical+Reviews+in+Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=10643389&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 225 N1 - PubXState - FL N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 1 table N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - biodegradation; biogenic processes; carbon; chemical composition; chemical properties; detection; fulvic acids; heavy metals; humic acids; humic substances; humification; infrared spectra; lignin; microorganisms; molecular structure; NMR spectra; organic acids; organic carbon; organic compounds; organic materials; oxidation; pedogenesis; physicochemical properties; pollution; pyrolysis; reduction; soils; spectra; transformations ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A preliminary evaluation of sediment quality assessment values for freshwater ecosystems AN - 50284017; 2005-010580 JF - Journal of Great Lakes Research AU - Smith, Sherri L AU - MacDonald, Donald D AU - Keenleyside, Karen A AU - Ingersoll, Christopher G AU - Field, L Jay A2 - Fox, Richard G. A2 - Tuchman, Marc Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 624 EP - 638 PB - International Association for Great Lakes Research (IAGLR), Ann Arbor, MI VL - 22 IS - 3 SN - 0380-1330, 0380-1330 KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - benthic taxa KW - stream sediments KW - PCBs KW - fresh water KW - environmental analysis KW - toxicity KW - sediments KW - halogenated hydrocarbons KW - Great Lakes KW - probability KW - North America KW - concentration KW - pollutants KW - statistical analysis KW - pollution KW - threshold effect levels KW - organic compounds KW - Canada KW - lacustrine environment KW - hydrocarbons KW - polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - testing KW - trace metals KW - pesticides KW - fluvial environment KW - aquatic environment KW - aromatic hydrocarbons KW - lake sediments KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50284017?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.atitle=A+preliminary+evaluation+of+sediment+quality+assessment+values+for+freshwater+ecosystems&rft.au=Smith%2C+Sherri+L%3BMacDonald%2C+Donald+D%3BKeenleyside%2C+Karen+A%3BIngersoll%2C+Christopher+G%3BField%2C+L+Jay&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Sherri&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=624&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Great+Lakes+Research&rft.issn=03801330&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. N1 - Date revised - 2005-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 29 N1 - PubXState - MI N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 3 tables N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - JGLRDE N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; aromatic hydrocarbons; benthic taxa; Canada; chlorinated hydrocarbons; concentration; environmental analysis; fluvial environment; fresh water; Great Lakes; halogenated hydrocarbons; hydrocarbons; lacustrine environment; lake sediments; North America; organic compounds; PCBs; pesticides; pollutants; pollution; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; probability; sediments; statistical analysis; stream sediments; testing; threshold effect levels; toxicity; trace metals ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Analysis procedure for and application of a device for simulating sediment entrainment AN - 50069930; 1996-020888 AB - The problem of estimating entrainment rates for cohesive bed sediments has been approached. An analysis procedure was developed for characterizing entrainment of cohesive bed sediments using a device called a Particle Entrainment Simulator (PES), which simulates bed shear effects on sediment entrainment. While most of the available techniques to calculate entrainment rates are based on theoretical parameterizations using the flow field, the PES technique and its method of analysis provide a tool to directly measure entrainment, under controlled laboratory settings, representative of existing or predicted conditions of bed stress, sediment compaction and cohesion, and (if any) bioturbation. The analysis procedure calculates entrainment rates using data generated from experiments conducted on sediment cores with the PES. The procedure was applied to determine entrainment rates for two different marine sites. The first, in Puget Sound, was used to validate the procedure with field data for a tidally-dominated period of time. Entrainment rates were calculated at a second site on Hudson Shelf Valley where storm generated wave and current effects are important. Suspended sediment concentration distributions in the water column were calculated at both sites using PES-generated entrainment-stress functions. Good agreement was reached between the calculated and observed suspended sediment concentrations at 5 m above the bed for the Puget Sound application. Observations were not available for suspended sediment concentration comparisons for the Hudson Shelf Valley application. JF - Marine Geology AU - Abdelrhman, Mohamed A AU - Paul, John F AU - Davis, Wayne R Y1 - 1996/01// PY - 1996 DA - January 1996 SP - 337 EP - 350 PB - Elsevier, Amsterdam VL - 129 IS - 3-4 SN - 0025-3227, 0025-3227 KW - United States KW - Northeast Pacific KW - shear stress KW - particle entrainment simulators KW - marine geology KW - turbulence KW - simulation KW - marine sedimentation KW - Hudson Shelf Valley KW - Puget Sound KW - sedimentation rates KW - East Pacific KW - Northwest Atlantic KW - Washington KW - time series analysis KW - statistical analysis KW - sedimentation KW - cohesive materials KW - case studies KW - New York KW - North Pacific KW - Pacific Ocean KW - New York Bight KW - North Atlantic KW - regression analysis KW - instruments KW - Atlantic Ocean KW - field studies KW - 07:Oceanography UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/50069930?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Marine+Geology&rft.atitle=Analysis+procedure+for+and+application+of+a+device+for+simulating+sediment+entrainment&rft.au=Abdelrhman%2C+Mohamed+A%3BPaul%2C+John+F%3BDavis%2C+Wayne+R&rft.aulast=Abdelrhman&rft.aufirst=Mohamed&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=129&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=337&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Marine+Geology&rft.issn=00253227&rft_id=info:doi/ L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/00253227 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2012, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from CAPCAS, Elsevier Scientific Publishers, Amsterdam, Netherlands N1 - Date revised - 1996-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 30 N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 2 tables N1 - SuppNotes - U. S. Environ. Prot. Agency, Narragansett Environ. Res. Lab., Contrib. No. 1524 N1 - Last updated - 2012-06-07 N1 - CODEN - MAGEA6 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Atlantic Ocean; case studies; cohesive materials; East Pacific; field studies; Hudson Shelf Valley; instruments; marine geology; marine sedimentation; New York; New York Bight; North Atlantic; North Pacific; Northeast Pacific; Northwest Atlantic; Pacific Ocean; particle entrainment simulators; Puget Sound; regression analysis; sedimentation; sedimentation rates; shear stress; simulation; statistical analysis; time series analysis; turbulence; United States; Washington ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Cholangioma in a wild-caught sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus) from the northern Gulf of Mexico AN - 17089099; 3902475 AB - A single case of a cholangioma occurred in the liver of a wild-caught sheepshead minnow (Cyprinodon variegatus). This is the first biliary neoplasm and second case of a hepatic neoplasm reported from a wild-caught speciment of this species. The findings further demonstrate the susceptibility of the sheepshead minnow to neoplasm development and add support to its selection as a subject for field monitoring of carcinogenic exposure. JF - Gulf Research Reports AU - Courtney, LA AD - U.S. EPA, Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., Gulf Ecol. Div., Cent. Mar. and Estuar. Dis. Res., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561-5299, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 211 EP - 213 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0072-9027, 0072-9027 KW - ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources; ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts KW - ASW, Mexico Gulf KW - chemical pollution KW - lesions KW - fish diseases KW - carcinogenesis KW - ASW, USA, Florida, Santa Rosa Sound KW - pollution indicators KW - indicator species KW - brackishwater fish KW - Brackish KW - Cyprinodon variegatus KW - O 4020:Pollution - Organisms/Ecology/Toxicology KW - Q1 08346:Physiology, biochemistry, biophysics KW - Q5 08504:Effects on organisms UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17089099?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gulf+Research+Reports&rft.atitle=Cholangioma+in+a+wild-caught+sheepshead+minnow+%28Cyprinodon+variegatus%29+from+the+northern+Gulf+of+Mexico&rft.au=Courtney%2C+LA&rft.aulast=Courtney&rft.aufirst=LA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=211&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Gulf+Research+Reports&rft.issn=00729027&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chemical pollution; lesions; carcinogenesis; fish diseases; indicator species; pollution indicators; brackishwater fish; Cyprinodon variegatus; ASW, Mexico Gulf; ASW, USA, Florida, Santa Rosa Sound; Brackish ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A microemulsification approach for removing organolead and gasoline from contaminated soil AN - 17074576; 3895549 AB - Remediation of soils contaminated with leaded gasoline due to leakage, spillage, and inappropriate disposal is an important environmental consideration. Columns of a loam soil initially saturated with saline solution (aqueous 0.01 M NaCl) were contaminated with 48 ml of leaded gasoline. The contaminated soil columns were then flushed sequentially with saline and surfactant/cosurfactant/water (S/CoS/W) solutions in order to investigate removal efficiencies for residual tetraethyl lead (TEL) and gasoline components. As expected, the saline solution immiscibly displaced only limited amounts of mobile gasoline and associated TEL (dissolving in gasoline) components from the soil columns. However, immobile or residual gasoline and associated TEL entrapped in the soil pores were removed primarily as the S/CoS/W solution produced leaded-gasoline-in-water (LG/W) microemulsions. The S/CoS/W solution removed 95% of the immobile gasoline and 90% of the immobile Pb from the soil columns when the initial saturation of leaded gasoline was approximately 30% (or 48 ml) in the soil columns. Mass balance analysis shows that one gram of surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate) removed 0.6 g of immobile gasoline and 2 mg of immobile Pb from the soil. These immobile gasoline and immobile Pb were not removable by NaCl solution. JF - Journal of Hazardous Materials AU - Ouyang, Y AU - Mansell, R S AU - Rhue, R D AD - CDSI, US-EPA, P.O. Box 1198, Ada, OK 74820, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 23 EP - 35 VL - 46 IS - 1 SN - 0304-3894, 0304-3894 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - soil remediation KW - gasoline KW - oil spills KW - surfactants KW - lead KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17074576?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.atitle=A+microemulsification+approach+for+removing+organolead+and+gasoline+from+contaminated+soil&rft.au=Ouyang%2C+Y%3BMansell%2C+R+S%3BRhue%2C+R+D&rft.aulast=Ouyang&rft.aufirst=Y&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=23&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Hazardous+Materials&rft.issn=03043894&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil remediation; gasoline; lead; surfactants; oil spills ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Biotransformation of 6,6-dimethylfulvene by Pseudomonas putida RE213 AN - 17070482; 3893704 AB - The biotransformation of 6,6-dimethylfulvene [5-(1-methylethylidene)-1,3-cyclopentadiene], a nonaromatic C sub(5) carbocyclic analog of isopropylbenzene, was examined by using Pseudomonas putida RE213, a Tn5-generated dihydrodiol-accumulating mutant of the isopropylbenzene-degrading strain P. putida RE204. 6,6-Dimethylfulvene was converted to a single chiral product identified as (+)-(1R,2S)-cis -1,2-dihydroxy-5-(1-methylethylidene) 3-cyclopentene. This isopropylbenzene 2,3-dioxygenase-catalyzed transformation demonstrates the potential of bacterial arene dioxygenases for the direct conversion of cyclopentadienylidene compounds to homochiral C sub(5) carbocyclic cis-diols for use in enantiocontrolled organic syntheses. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Eaton, R W AU - Selifonov, SA AD - U.S. Environ. Protection Agency, NHEERL, Gulf Ecol. Div., 1 Sabine Island Dr., Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 756 EP - 760 VL - 62 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - 6,6-dimethylfulvene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - transformation KW - A 01016:Microbial degradation KW - W2 32510:Waste treatment, environment, pollution KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02722:Biodegradation, growth, nutrition and leaching UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17070482?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Biotransformation+of+6%2C6-dimethylfulvene+by+Pseudomonas+putida+RE213&rft.au=Eaton%2C+R+W%3BSelifonov%2C+SA&rft.aulast=Eaton&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=756&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - transformation; Pseudomonas putida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Use of an ipb-lux fusion to study regulation of the isopropylbenzene catabolism operon of Pseudomonas putida RE204 and to detect hydrophobic pollutants in the environment AN - 17069308; 3893702 AB - A DNA segment involved in the regulation of the isopropylbenzene (cumene) catabolism operon (ipb) of plasmid pRE4 from Pseudomonas putida RE204 and the Vibrio fischeri luciferase genes, luxCDABE, were used to create an ipbRo/pA'-luxCDABE reporter fusion plasmid, pOS25. Escherichia coli HMS174(pOS25) produces light in the presence of inducers of the ipb operon. These inducers were shown to be hydrophobic compounds and to include monoalkylbenzenes, substituted benzenes and toluenes, some alkanes and cycloalkanes, chlorinated solvents, and naphthalenes. Complex hydrocarbon mixtures, such as gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuels (JP-4 and JP-5), and creosote, were also inducers of ipb-lux. Bacteria carrying the ipb-lux reporter may be useful as bioindicators of hydrocarbon pollution in the environment and may be particularly valuable for examining the bioavailability of inducing pollutants. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - Selifonova, O V AU - Eaton, R W AD - Gulf Ecol. Div., NHEERL, U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, 1 Sabine Island Drive, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 778 EP - 783 VL - 62 IS - 3 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - ipb gene KW - isopropylbenzene KW - lux gene KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Agricultural and Environmental Biotechnology Abstracts; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology KW - operons KW - gene fusion KW - pollutants KW - environments KW - pollution KW - Pseudomonas putida KW - catabolism KW - W2 32060:Microorganisms KW - A 01116:Bacteria KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - J 02740:Genetics and evolution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17069308?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Use+of+an+ipb-lux+fusion+to+study+regulation+of+the+isopropylbenzene+catabolism+operon+of+Pseudomonas+putida+RE204+and+to+detect+hydrophobic+pollutants+in+the+environment&rft.au=Selifonova%2C+O+V%3BEaton%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Selifonova&rft.aufirst=O&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=778&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - operons; gene fusion; pollutants; environments; pollution; catabolism; Pseudomonas putida ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Soil bioremediation research at EPA AN - 17059650; 3888677 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National Risk Management Research Laboratory (NRMRL) in Cincinnati, Ohio has developed pilot-scale capability to evaluate bioremediation of contaminated soils with selected treatment technologies. Bench and pilot scale bioslurry reactors and pilot-scale in-vessel compost reactors serve as tools to estimate the treatment capability of larger systems. The current research is centered on the treatment of organic contaminants associated with the wood preserving industry and turn of the century municipal gas production sites such as polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and pentachlorophenol. These research efforts are designed to identify the critical elements of each technology to permit a more informed selection and operation of these technologies for soil treatment. JF - Biocycle AU - Glaser, JA AU - Potter, CL AD - EPA Natl. Risk Manage. Res. Lab., Cincinnati, OH, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 50 EP - 53 VL - 37 IS - 1 SN - 0276-5055, 0276-5055 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - composting KW - bioremediation KW - EPA KW - organic compounds KW - soil remediation KW - bioreactors KW - research programs KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17059650?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biocycle&rft.atitle=Soil+bioremediation+research+at+EPA&rft.au=Glaser%2C+JA%3BPotter%2C+CL&rft.aulast=Glaser&rft.aufirst=JA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=50&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biocycle&rft.issn=02765055&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - soil remediation; bioremediation; EPA; research programs; organic compounds; composting; bioreactors ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Environmental accounting and EMSs AN - 17058276; 3888696 AB - For the typical company, a first step to preventing pollution is setting up a coherent system for evaluating and addressing the environmental implications of its activities. There is an abundance of commentary on the importance of managing environmental performance, and on approaches that an organization might take to create an environmental management system (EMS). However, many approaches fail to emphasize the significance of financial measurement in the successful implementation of an EMS. The discussion in this article underscores the importance of such financial measurement, demonstrates its applicability in achieving the measurement requirements of the EMS frameworks, and introduces approaches to measuring the environmental financial performance. JF - Pollution Prevention Review AU - McLaughlin, S AU - Elwood, H AD - Pollut. Prevention Div. EPA's Office Pollut. Prevention and Toxics, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 13 EP - 21 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS VL - 6 IS - 2 SN - 1079-0276, 1079-0276 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - pollution prevention KW - environment management KW - economics KW - measuring methods KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17058276?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pollution+Prevention+Review&rft.atitle=Environmental+accounting+and+EMSs&rft.au=McLaughlin%2C+S%3BElwood%2C+H&rft.aulast=McLaughlin&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=13&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Pollution+Prevention+Review&rft.issn=10790276&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - environment management; pollution prevention; measuring methods; economics ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The road to embryologically based dose-response models AN - 17051769; 3882836 AB - The goal of researchers working in the area of developmental toxicology is to prevent adverse reproductive outcomes (early pregnancy loss, birth defects, reduced birth weight, and altered functional development) in humans due to exposures to environmental contaminants, therapeutic drugs, and other factors. To best achieve that goal, it is important that relevant information be gathered and assimilated in the risk assessment process. One of the major challenges of improved risk assessment is to better use all pertinent biological and mechanistic information. This may be done qualitatively (e.g., demonstrating that the experimental model is not appropriate for extrapolation purposes); semiquantitatively (using information to reduce the degree of uncertainty present under default extrapolation procedures), or quantitatively (formally describing the relationships between exposure and adverse outcome in mathematical forms, including components that directly reflect individual steps in the overall progression of toxicity). In this paper we review the recent advances in the risk assessment process for developmental toxicants and hypothesize on future directions that may revolutionize our thinking in this area. The road to these changes sometimes appears to be a well-mapped course on a relatively smooth surface; at other times the path is bumpy and obscure, while at still other times it is only a wish in the eye of the engineer to cross an uncharted and rugged environment. JF - Environmental Health Perspectives AU - Kavlock, R J AU - Woodrow Setzer, R AD - Natl. Health and Environ. Effects Res. Lab., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 VL - 104 SN - 0091-6765, 0091-6765 KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - reviews KW - development KW - dose-response effects KW - mathematical models KW - risk assessment KW - pattern formation KW - teratogenicity KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17051769?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.atitle=The+road+to+embryologically+based+dose-response+models&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+R+J%3BWoodrow+Setzer%2C+R&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=&rft.spage=no.+1+Sul.&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.issn=00916765&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - risk assessment; reviews; dose-response effects; teratogenicity; pattern formation; development; mathematical models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Mutation spectra of chemical fractions of a complex mixture: Role of nitroarenes in the mutagenic specificity of municipal waste incinerator emissions AN - 17046773; 3876474 AB - Using an ion-exchange procedure coupled to a microsuspension Salmonella assay, we fractionated the dichloromethane-extractable particulate organics emitted by a municipal waste incinerator. Most (80-95%) of the mutagenic activity resided in the neutral/base fraction; however, the polar neutral fraction accounted for 12% of the direct-acting mutagenic activity. The mutagenic potencies of the whole extract and the various fractions were 4-15 times greater in the absence than in the presence of S9. Results with strains deficient in classical nitroreductase (TA98NR) and transacetylase (TA98/1,8-DNP sub(6)) indicated that a majority of the direct-acting mutagenicity was due to nitroarenes. This was confirmed by bioassay-directed subfractionation of the neutral/base faction by a cyanopropyl/HPLC method. The mutations in -3,000 revertants ( similar to 400 each induced in TA98 by the whole extract, the neutral/base and polar neutral fractions from the ion-exchange column and 3 of the neutral/base subfractions from the HPLC column; along with 200 revertants each induced by the model nitroarene 1-nitropyrene (1NP) in strains TA98, TA1538 and TA100) were analyzed by probe hybridization and PCR/DNA sequence analysis. The results indicated that nitroarenes such as 1NP that eluted in the neutral/base fraction accounted for at least 50% of the direct-acting mutagenicity and induced only a hotspot 2-base deletion in the sequence (CG) sub(4) in TA98. In contrast, most of the complex frameshifts (a frameshift with a flanking base substitution) induced by the whole extract were induced by nitroarenes other than 1NP that were activated by transacetylation and that eluted in the polar neutral fraction. This study (1) identifies nitroarenes as an important contributor to the mutagenic activity of the emissions from municipal waste incinerators; (2) confirms our previous conclusion that the mutation spectrum of a complex mixture reflects the dominance of particular classes of chemical mutagens within the mixture; and (3) demonstrates the possibility of isolating certain chemical fractions of a complex mixture that induce certain classes of mutations produced by the whole, unfractionated mixture. JF - Mutation Research AU - DeMarini, D M AU - Shelton, M L AU - Bell, DA AD - Environ. Carcinogenesis Div., U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 20 VL - 349 IS - 1 SN - 0027-5107, 0027-5107 KW - nitroarenes KW - 1-nitropyrene KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Genetics Abstracts KW - mutation KW - Ames test KW - Salmonella typhimurium KW - incinerators KW - waste disposal KW - gas production KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17046773?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mutation+Research&rft.atitle=Mutation+spectra+of+chemical+fractions+of+a+complex+mixture%3A+Role+of+nitroarenes+in+the+mutagenic+specificity+of+municipal+waste+incinerator+emissions&rft.au=DeMarini%2C+D+M%3BShelton%2C+M+L%3BBell%2C+DA&rft.aulast=DeMarini&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=349&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Mutation+Research&rft.issn=00275107&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella typhimurium; mutation; Ames test; incinerators; gas production; waste disposal ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Phytoremediation; modeling removal of TNT and its breakdown products AN - 1703692746; 2015-074637 AB - Contamination of soil and groundwater by trinitrotoluene (TNT) is a widespread problem confronting military bases and ammunition manufacturing facilities throughout the United States. Phytoremediation provides a promising treatment of TNT-contaminated groundwater and wastewater because many plants contain the necessary enzymes to degrade explosives such as TNT. Two phytoremediation methods are proposed in this article: controlled reactors and constructed wetlands. Controlled reactors provide greater control of operating parameters, a reduced possibility of contaminant migration, control of animals feeding on the plants, and minimization of competition from other plant species. Constructed wetlands have relatively low capital costs, and the wetland becomes a desirable ecological resource. Because cost, as opposed to reactor size, appears to be the most significant factor for military base cleanup, this project focused on the constructed wetland approach. To estimate the disappearance of TNT and its breakdown products from a constructed wetland, a first-order, nonreversible reaction, plug-flow, finite-difference model was developed. Batch scale experiments were conducted to define disappearance kinetics for individual chemical species. The results of the model suggest that reasonably sized wetlands may be used to treat a wastestream with an influent TNT concentration of 2.25 ppm at flow rates ranging from 10 to 5,000 gpm. Economic comparisons to other published costs for competing technologies are promising. Abstract Copyright (1996), Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company. JF - Remediation (New York, NY) AU - Medina, Victor F AU - McCutcheon, Steven C Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 31 EP - 45 PB - John Wiley & Sons, New York, NY VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - United States KW - photosynthesis KW - technology KW - trinitrotoluene KW - preferential flow KW - enzymes KW - remediation KW - ground water KW - constructed wetlands KW - explosives KW - decontamination KW - leachate KW - phytoremediation KW - soils KW - photochemistry KW - pollution KW - bioremediation KW - cost KW - models KW - organic compounds KW - wetlands KW - military facilities KW - proteins KW - aquatic environment KW - microorganisms KW - 22:Environmental geology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/1703692746?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Ageorefmodule&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.atitle=Phytoremediation%3B+modeling+removal+of+TNT+and+its+breakdown+products&rft.au=Medina%2C+Victor+F%3BMcCutcheon%2C+Steven+C&rft.aulast=Medina&rft.aufirst=Victor&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=31&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation+%28New+York%2C+NY%29&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/10.1002%2Frem.3440070105 L2 - http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/10.1002/%28ISSN%291520-6831 LA - English DB - GeoRef N1 - Copyright - GeoRef, Copyright 2015, American Geosciences Institute. Reference includes data from John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, United Kingdom N1 - Date revised - 2015-01-01 N1 - Number of references - 47 N1 - PubXState - NY N1 - Document feature - illus. incl. 4 tables N1 - Last updated - 2015-08-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - aquatic environment; bioremediation; constructed wetlands; cost; decontamination; enzymes; explosives; ground water; leachate; microorganisms; military facilities; models; organic compounds; photochemistry; photosynthesis; phytoremediation; pollution; preferential flow; proteins; remediation; soils; technology; trinitrotoluene; United States; wetlands DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rem.3440070105 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - New EPA program targets pathogens in drinking water AN - 17018548; 3853956 AB - Waterborne disease is a particular concern for the Environmental Protection Agency because it still occurs at unacceptable levels. Between 1986 and 1992, 110 waterborne-disease outbreaks affecting 47,000 people were reported, and the EPA believes that the values are dwarfed by the unreported outbreaks and cases. Currently, the EPA has regulations for 80 chemicals and microbial contaminants. Yet a number of disease-causing microorganisms and hazardous chemicals still may threaten many source waters and drinking waters. In a number of outbreaks, the contaminants remain undetected, either due to inadequate analytical methods or lack of recognition that they are dangerous and therefore should be monitored and/or controlled. In many communities, the vast network of pipes distributing water is deteriorating, making systems more vulnerable to fecal contamination and hazardous chemicals. JF - Environmental Protection AU - Berger, P S AD - EPA OGWDW, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 20 EP - 25 VL - 7 IS - 1 SN - 1057-4298, 1057-4298 KW - water distribution systems KW - microbial contamination KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - pathogens KW - diseases KW - drinking water KW - pipes KW - USA KW - microorganisms KW - public health KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17018548?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Protection&rft.atitle=New+EPA+program+targets+pathogens+in+drinking+water&rft.au=Berger%2C+P+S&rft.aulast=Berger&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=20&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Protection&rft.issn=10574298&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pathogens; drinking water; diseases; public health; microorganisms; water distribution systems; pipes; USA; microbial contamination ER - TY - CONF T1 - Is ingested inorganic arsenic a "threshold" carcinogen? AN - 17009757; 3846022 AB - Ingested inorganic arsenic (As) is known to be a human carcinogen. An intriguing question is whether there is a threshold for the carcinogenic effects of As, i.e., is there a level below which it does not induce the development of cancer(s)? This Roundtable will discuss the United States Environmental Protection Agency's As risk assessment using the Taiwan data from different viewpoints. It will also consider the hypothesis that there is a threshold for As and data for or against this hypothesis. For example, some scientists believe that epidemiological data cannot answer this question, while others feel that different study designs and larger sampling will provide adequate data. Reasons for each position are given. This Roundtable discussion demonstrates the controversy surrounding the use of the Taiwan data for risk assessment. JF - Fundamental and Applied Toxicology AU - Abernathy, C O AU - Chappell, W R AU - Meek, ME AU - Gibb, H AU - Guo, H-R Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 168 EP - 175 VL - 29 IS - 2 KW - arsenic KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - Taiwan KW - conferences KW - carcinogens KW - ingestion KW - risk assessment KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17009757?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Is+ingested+inorganic+arsenic+a+%22threshold%22+carcinogen%3F&rft.au=Abernathy%2C+C+O%3BChappell%2C+W+R%3BMeek%2C+ME%3BGibb%2C+H%3BGuo%2C+H-R&rft.aulast=Abernathy&rft.aufirst=C&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=168&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Fundamental+and+Applied+Toxicology&rft.issn=02720590&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Risk-based concentrations: Prioritizing environmental problems using limited data AN - 17006148; 3842925 AB - A difficult task faced by regulatory agencies is that of choosing, on the basis of limited data, which environmental problems to address. This paper incorporates USEPA risk assessment methods into a quantitative approach for prioritizing locations, contaminants and media according to potential health risk. USEPA has developed either a reference dose (a chronic dose without adverse effect) or slope factor (upper bound lifetime cancer risk per mg/kg/d) for many substances. This work combines these "toxicological constants" with predetermined risk levels (either a 10 super(-6) cancer risk or a chronic intake equal to the reference dose) and protective human exposure assumptions (e.g. 70-kg body mass, 30-year exposure, 2-1/d drinking water ingestion, etc.) to produce risk-based concentrations for 596 contaminants in air, drinking water, edible fish and soil. Because USEPA designed its methods to estimate upper bound risks, these risks-based concentrations are likely to be protective of human health. Regulatory officials can use this information to calculate numerical ratios between measured environmental levels and risk-based concentrations. These ratios serve as a surrogate for potential health impacts and can be used to prioritize problems for attention. Ratio calculation and ranking can be automated for searches of computerized environmental databases. JF - Toxicology AU - Smith, R L AD - U.S. EPA, Region 3, 841 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 243 EP - 266 VL - 106 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - toxicity testing KW - risk assessment KW - X 24221:Toxicity testing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/17006148?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Risk-based+concentrations%3A+Prioritizing+environmental+problems+using+limited+data&rft.au=Smith%2C+R+L&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=106&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=243&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - risk assessment; toxicity testing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Induction of albendazole resistance in Giardia lamblia AN - 16474188; 4345694 AB - Previous studies have shown that Giardia lamblia resistance to metronidazole can be induced in the laboratory, and treatment failures with this drug have also been documented. As replacement therapies, anthelmintic benzimidazoles have antigiardial activity with few clinical side effects. Albendazole has the greatest antigiardial activity of anthelmintic benzimidazoles tested and is effective in vivo. Although Chavez et al. failed to subculture albendazole-exposed G. lamblia, some patient isolates have shown decreased in vitro sensitivity to this drug. In this study, in vitro resistance to albendazole was induced in G. lamblia by a method similar to that reported by Townson et al. JF - Microbial Drug Resistance AU - Lindquist, HDA AD - Mail Stop 320, BARB/HERD/NERL, US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 433 EP - 434 VL - 2 IS - 4 SN - 1076-6294, 1076-6294 KW - albendazole KW - drug resistance KW - giardiasis KW - Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology Abstracts C: Algology, Mycology & Protozoology KW - A 01064:Microbial resistance KW - K 03063:Effects of physical & chemical factors UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/16474188?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologya&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Microbial+Drug+Resistance&rft.atitle=Induction+of+albendazole+resistance+in+Giardia+lamblia&rft.au=Lindquist%2C+HDA&rft.aulast=Lindquist&rft.aufirst=HDA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=433&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Microbial+Drug+Resistance&rft.issn=10766294&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Visual contrast sensitivity deficits in Bohemian children AN - 15943382; 4056222 AB - Visual contrast sensitivity (VCS) tests have been used successfully in medical diagnosis and subclinical neurotoxicity detection. This paper reports VCS measurements in three studies of children in the Czech Republic. Study 1 compared children in standard schools and schools for the learning disabled. Studies 2 and 3 compared children in Teplice, an area in which soft-brown coal combustion produced high levels of pollutants (e.g. Hg, As, SO sub(2), NO sub(x), and aromatic hydrocarbons), with children in areas of low air pollution, Znojmo and/or Prachatice. It was hypothesized that in utero exposure to the combustion products disrupted neurological development (Sram, 1991). The VCS test (Stereo Optical Co.) consisted of circular fields containing sinusoidal gratings at 5 spatial frequencies (1.5-18 cycles/degree) and various levels of contrast. Subjects indicated orientation of the gratings by pointing left, up, or right. Visual acuity and VCS were measured in each eye of 74 children in Study 1, 327 second-grade children in Study 2, and 426 fourth-grade children in Study 3. Hair samples were collected in Studies 2 and 3 and analyzed for Hg and As content. Children attending schools for the learning disabled scored significantly lower than controls on VCS, whereas visual acuity was normal. The deficit was greatest at mid- to high spatial frequency. In Study 2, significant VCS deficits were seen in exposed second-grade children at low to mid-spatial frequency, even though visual acuity was slightly above control level. Regression analyses showed that VCS had no relationship to As, but a significant negative correlation with hair Hg was observed in the exposed district. However, current Hg levels were higher in Prachatice. VCS deficits were not observed in the fourth-grade students of Teplice in Study 3. The results of Study 1 indicated that behavioral VCS testing in field studies is practical in young, non-English speaking children, and suggested that vision may be compromised in learning-disabled children. Studies 2 and 3 indicated that at these levels, current Hg body-burdens are poor predictors of VCS. If the VCS deficits seen in Study 2 were related to prenatal exposures, the results of Study 3 suggest that they represent a developmental delay. A longitudinal-study design is needed to address this issue. JF - Neurotoxicology AU - Hudnell, H K AU - Skalik, I AU - Otto, D AU - House, D AU - Subrt, P AU - Sram, R AD - U.S. Environ. Prot. Agency, NHEERL/NTD, MD-74B, Research Triangle Park, NC 2771, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 615 EP - 628 VL - 17 IS - 3-4 SN - 0161-813X, 0161-813X KW - man KW - mercury KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - vision KW - neurotoxicity KW - children KW - Czech Rep., Bohemia KW - X 24240:Miscellaneous KW - H SE4.20:POISONS AND POISONING KW - N3 11105:Primates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15943382?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Neurotoxicology&rft.atitle=Visual+contrast+sensitivity+deficits+in+Bohemian+children&rft.au=Hudnell%2C+H+K%3BSkalik%2C+I%3BOtto%2C+D%3BHouse%2C+D%3BSubrt%2C+P%3BSram%2C+R&rft.aulast=Hudnell&rft.aufirst=H&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=17&rft.issue=3-4&rft.spage=615&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Neurotoxicology&rft.issn=0161813X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Czech Rep., Bohemia; mercury; neurotoxicity; vision; children ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Developmental effects of trichloroacetonitrile administered in corn oil to pregnant Long-Evans rats AN - 15936029; 4056748 AB - Trichloroacetonitrile (TCAN) is a by-product of the chlorine disinfection of water containing natural organic material. When administered by gavage to pregnant Long-Evans rats in a medium-chain triglyceride vehicle, tricaprylin oil (Tricap), at a volume of 10 ml/kg, TCAN induced fetal cardiovascular anomalies at doses as low as 1 mg/kg/d (Smith et al., 1988). A slight but possibly biologically significant increase over the water control group in adverse pregnancy outcomes (resorptions, reduced fetal weight, and anomalies) was observed in the Tricap control group. This led us to reexamine the developmental effects of TCAN in a second vehicle, corn oil (CO). Five groups of approximately 20 pregnant female rats received TCAN in CO at 15, 35, 55, and 75 mg /kg/d, and in Tricap at 15 mg/kg/d (10 ml/kg dosing volume). Corn oil, Tricap, and water served as vehicle controls. Animals were treated by oral intubation on gestation d 6-18 (vaginal plug = d 0). Five out of 20 dams (75 mg/kg) died during treatment. Adjusted maternal weight gain was lower in females receiving 35 mg/kg TCAN or greater. The mean percent of nonlive implants per litter was elevated at 55 and 75 mg/kg TCAN (CO). The TCAN dose-response curve for fetal (but not maternal) effects was shifted to the right when CO was compared to Tricap. Fetal weight was reduced at 15 mg/kg TCAN (Tricap) and at greater than or equal to 55 mg/kg TCAN (CO). When TCAN was administered in CO, the mean frequency of soft-tissue malformations decreased with significantly fewer septal and great vessel cardiovascular defects observed. We hypothesize that the volatile haloacetonitrile, TCAN, may interact with the Tricap vehicle in such a way that effects on the developing cardiovascular system are potentiated. The lowest observed adverse effect level for TCAN (CO) was determined to be 35 kg/kg. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Christ, SA AU - Read, E J AU - Stober, JA AU - Smith, M K AD - (Rm. 642), EMSL, U.S. EPA, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 233 EP - 247 VL - 47 IS - 3 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - rats KW - chlorine KW - trichloroacetonitrile KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - cardiovascular system KW - teratogenicity KW - water purification KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15936029?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Developmental+effects+of+trichloroacetonitrile+administered+in+corn+oil+to+pregnant+Long-Evans+rats&rft.au=Christ%2C+SA%3BRead%2C+E+J%3BStober%2C+JA%3BSmith%2C+M+K&rft.aulast=Christ&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=233&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - water purification; teratogenicity; cardiovascular system ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Recent developments in policy and science AN - 15928615; 4053561 AB - Preview of the national sediment quality survey: EPA's report to Congress on sediment contamination in the United States. JF - Remediation AU - Fox, CA AD - Off. Enforcement and Compliance Assurance, EPA, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 153 EP - 158 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC. VL - 6 IS - 4 SN - 1051-5658, 1051-5658 KW - contamination KW - data bases KW - data collections KW - government policy KW - government programs KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Pollution Abstracts KW - Marine KW - pollution monitoring KW - marine pollution KW - brackishwater pollution KW - Brackish KW - sediment pollution KW - Freshwater KW - environmental protection KW - USA KW - freshwater pollution KW - aquatic environment KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - Q5 08501:General UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15928615?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Remediation&rft.atitle=Recent+developments+in+policy+and+science&rft.au=Fox%2C+CA&rft.aulast=Fox&rft.aufirst=CA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=153&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Remediation&rft.issn=10515658&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pollution monitoring; brackishwater pollution; marine pollution; freshwater pollution; data collections; sediment pollution; environmental protection; aquatic environment; data bases; contamination; government programs; USA; Marine; Brackish; Freshwater ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Perspective on the risk assessment process for endocrine-disruptive effects on wildlife and human health AN - 15921524; 265517 AB - Recently, it was hyphothesized that there are chemicals in the environment that, by virtue of their ability to effect endocrine function, are causing a variety of adverse effect in humans and wildlife. This paper emphasizes the similarities and differences between potential impacts of endocrine disrupting chemicals on wildlife and human populations from a risk assessment orientation. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Kavlock, Robert J AU - Ankley, Gerald T AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 731 EP - 739 PB - PLENUM PUBL CORP, NEW YORK, NY, (USA) VL - 16 IS - 6 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Endocrine disrupting chemicals KW - Endocrine disruption KW - Health effects KW - Health hazards KW - Health risks KW - Human populations KW - Toxic equivalency factor KW - Wildlife KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Endocrinology KW - Environmental impact KW - Diseases KW - Toxicity KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 461.6:MEDICINE KW - W4 914.1:ACCIDENTS AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15921524?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Perspective+on+the+risk+assessment+process+for+endocrine-disruptive+effects+on+wildlife+and+human+health&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+Robert+J%3BAnkley%2C+Gerald+T&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=731&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Endocrinology; Environmental impact; Toxicity; Diseases ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Rat strain- and gender-related differences in neurobehavioral screening: Acute trimethyltin neurotoxicity AN - 15901002; 4038259 AB - Trimethyltin (TMT) produces unique pathological and behavioral changes after a single dose. In this study, TMT was used to examine the ability of a neurobehavioral screening battery (functional observational battery and motor activity) to characterize these behavioral changes in rats. The behavioral profile of TMT was obtained using these tests in male Long-Evans (LE) and Fischer 344 (F344) rats, to assess the influence of rat strain, and in LE males and females, to evaluate gender-related differences. All rats were tested before dosing and again at 1, 7, 21, and 42 d after a single dose of either 0, 4, 6, or 8 mg/kg TMT-hydroxide (intravenously). In general, the characteristic syndrome of tremor, increased reactivity, and hyperactivity was observed; however, the magnitude and time course of these effects were much greater in F344 rats. Significant strain- but not gender-related differences were obtained when comparing TMT effects on different domains of neurological function. Comparisons of pre-dosing data between male LE and F344 rats, as well as between male and female LE rats, revealed significant differences in baseline values for about half of the measures of the test battery. These preexisting differences, however, could not account for the observed dissimilarities in treatment effects. Quantitative and qualitative differences were evident to a greater extent when comparing LEs and F344s than between males and females. Therefore, conclusions based on these types of neurobehavioral screening data would be influenced considerably more by the differences between rat strains. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Moser, V C AD - DABT, MD-74B, U.S. EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 567 EP - 586 VL - 47 IS - 6 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - rats KW - trimethyltin KW - CSA Neurosciences Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - locomotor activity KW - behavior KW - neurotoxicity KW - sex differences KW - X 24164:Pathology KW - N3 11139:Toxicological and psychoactive drug correlates UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15901002?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Rat+strain-+and+gender-related+differences+in+neurobehavioral+screening%3A+Acute+trimethyltin+neurotoxicity&rft.au=Moser%2C+V+C&rft.aulast=Moser&rft.aufirst=V&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=47&rft.issue=6&rft.spage=567&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - sex differences; neurotoxicity; behavior; locomotor activity ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of cancer risk associated with exposure to chloroform AN - 15867033; 4025475 AB - Disinfection of drinking water by chlorination has been practiced in the United States and in the world since the beginning of 20th century, and has proven to be an effective means of controlling waterborne disease such as cholera and typhoid. In 1976, however, National Cancer Institute (NCI) confirmed an earlier study that chloroform, an oxidation product of organic material by chlorine, produced liver and kidney tumors in laboratory animals. The carcinogenicity of chloroform is of public concern since it is one of the most common chlorination by-product in drinking water. This paper is a part of the evaluation conducted by the authors on cancer risk assessment for chloroform that seeks to incorporate relevant data (pharmacokinetics, route of exposure, and mode of action, etc.) into consideration. This review only focus on two target tissues: liver and kidney. JF - Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part C: Environmental Carcinogenesis and Ecotoxicology Reviews AU - Chiu, N AU - Orme-Zavaleta, J AU - Chiu, A AU - Chen, Chao AU - DeAngelo, A AU - Brattin, W AU - Blancato, J AD - OST (4304), U.S.EPA, 401 M St.SW, Washington DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 81 EP - 104 VL - C14 IS - 2 SN - 1059-0501, 1059-0501 KW - chloroform KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - drinking water KW - liver KW - chlorination KW - risk assessment KW - kidney KW - cancer KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - H SM10.21:CANCER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15867033?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.atitle=Characterization+of+cancer+risk+associated+with+exposure+to+chloroform&rft.au=Chiu%2C+N%3BOrme-Zavaleta%2C+J%3BChiu%2C+A%3BChen%2C+Chao%3BDeAngelo%2C+A%3BBrattin%2C+W%3BBlancato%2C+J&rft.aulast=Chiu&rft.aufirst=N&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=C14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=81&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Science+and+Health%2C+Part+C%3A+Environmental+Carcinogenesis+and+Ecotoxicology+Reviews&rft.issn=10590501&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chloroform; cancer; risk assessment; drinking water; chlorination; liver; kidney ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Lung inflammation after exposure to nonfibrous silicates increases with chelatable [Fe super(3+)] AN - 15865270; 4020399 AB - Lung exposures to complexes of coordinated iron can be associated with a neutrophilic alveolitis. We tested the hypothesis that lung inflammation after intratracheal instillation of mineral oxides in rats increases with surface-complexed [Fe super(3+)]. The 10 mineral oxides employed had measurable [Fe super(3+)] complexed to the dust surface. The metal was incompletely coordinated, as demonstrated by the ability of the particles to catalyze electron transfer and generate thiobarbituric acid (TBA) reactive products of deoxyribose. After exclusion of those silicates containing structural iron within the crystal lattice, there was a significant correlation between the concentration of chelatable metal and TBA-reactive products (r = 0.82; p = .04) Four days after intratracheal instillation of the 10 mineral oxide particles into rats, lavage neutrophils and protein were significantly increased for all dusts compared to injected saline. Among those dusts with no structural iron, the correlation between chelatable iron concentrations and percentage neutrophils did not reach significance (r = 0.73; p = .10), but that between metal and lavage protein did (r = 0.80; p = .05). We conclude that (1) mineral oxides complex iron cations at the surface, (2) in vitro measures of oxidant generation increase with the concentration of surface iron among those dusts with no structural iron, and (3) acute inflammation following introduction of these particles into the lower respiratory tract also increases with surface iron concentrations among those mineral oxides with no structural iron. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Ghio, A J AU - Pritchard, R J AU - Lehmann, J R AU - Winsett, D W AU - Hatch, GE AD - MD58D, HSD, HERL, EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 11 EP - 28 VL - 49 IS - 1 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - rats KW - silicon dioxide KW - iron KW - silicate KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - inflammation KW - lung KW - metals KW - minerals KW - X 24164:Pathology UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15865270?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Lung+inflammation+after+exposure+to+nonfibrous+silicates+increases+with+chelatable+%5BFe+super%283%2B%29%5D&rft.au=Ghio%2C+A+J%3BPritchard%2C+R+J%3BLehmann%2C+J+R%3BWinsett%2C+D+W%3BHatch%2C+GE&rft.aulast=Ghio&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=11&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - minerals; metals; lung; inflammation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Protective effects of glutathione on bromodichloromethane in vivo toxicity and in vitro macromolecular binding in Fischer 344 rats AN - 15860279; 4020397 AB - Bromodichloromethane (BDCM), a carcinogenic water disinfection by-product, has been shown to be metabolized to intermediates that covalently bind to lipids and proteins, and this binding has been associated with trihalomethane-induced renal and hepatic toxicity. In this study, the effects of glutathione (GSH) on in vivo BDCM toxicity and in vitro BDCM macromolecular binding were evaluated. The in vivo toxicity of BDCM in animals pretreated with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO, a glutathione synthesis inhibitor) and in untreated male Fischer 344 rats was investigated. In another experiment, covalent binding to protein and lipid was quantified after [ super(14)C]BDCM was incubated with hepatic microsomal and S9 fractions and renal microsomes from F344 rats, under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, with and without added GSH. After oral dosing with BDCM, the BSO-pretreated animals had greatly increased levels of serum indicators of hepatotoxicity and serum and urinary indicators of nephrotoxicity compared to those in animals dosed solely with. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Gao, P AU - Thornton-Manning, J R AU - Pegram, R A AD - U.S. EPA, NHEERL, MD-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 145 EP - 159 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - rats KW - glutathione KW - bromodichloromethane KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - disinfection KW - drinking water KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15860279?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Protective+effects+of+glutathione+on+bromodichloromethane+in+vivo+toxicity+and+in+vitro+macromolecular+binding+in+Fischer+344+rats&rft.au=Gao%2C+P%3BThornton-Manning%2C+J+R%3BPegram%2C+R+A&rft.aulast=Gao&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=145&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - disinfection; drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Subchronic dispositional and toxicological effects of arsenate administered in drinking water to mice AN - 15852939; 4020338 AB - Exposure to the drinking water contaminant arsenate is a daily occurrence and there are concerns that this exposure may lead to cancer. Although the acute dispositional effects of arsenate have been studied in detail, there is minimal information on the disposition and toxicological effects of it after continuous exposure. The objective of this study was to examine in mice the effect of a 4-wk treatment with arsenate administered in drinking water. Female B6C3F1 mice (3/cage) were housed in metabolism cages and given water and food ad libitum. Two groups (A, B) of mice were treated (4 cages/treatment/group) with distilled water (control, C) or water containing 0.025 mg/L (L) or 2.5 mg/L (H) arsenate. Group A was sacrificed on d 28 and plasma and urine samples were taken for determination of clinical chemistry parameters. Liver and kidney tissue samples were taken for histopathological analysis. The reduced nonprotein sulfhydryl (NPSH) content in several tissues was determined. Group B was gavaged with [ super(73)As]arsenate on d 28 and continued the arsenate drinking water exposure for 48 h. Excreta and tissues were collected and analyzed for super(73)As. Urine was further analyzed for arsenate and its metabolites. There were no effects on the mean daily amount of water and food consumed, whereas the mean daily urine volume excreted was significantly elevated by 10% in the H-treated animals compared to C and L. A dose-related hepatic vacuolar degeneration in the liver was observed, but no histological changes were evident in the kidney. Only clinical chemistry parameters in plasma were altered by the arsenate treatment. Glucose was significantly lower at the H dose compared to C and L, triglycerides were significantly greater in C than L and H, and creatinine was significantly greater in H than C. Hepatic NPSH content in the H animals was significantly lower than C and L animals, whereas no effects in lung and kidney were detected. The weights of liver, lung, and kidney, as well as their tissue/body weight ratios, were significantly decreased in the H animals. super(73)As was primarily eliminated in urine, and its elimination was not affected by dose. No effects on the 48-h super(73)As cumulative excretion (urine + fecal) were detected. The super(73)As distribution was low in amount and widely dispersed throughout the animal (<3% of the super(73)As dose). The kidney had the highest super(73)As concentration of the tissues (0.01% super(73)As dose/g tissue). Dimethylarsinic acid was the major metabolite detected in urine, with lower amounts of arsenate, arsenite, and monomethylarsonate. There were no differences between the treatment groups in the amount of urinary metabolites after a single dose of [ super(73)As]arsenate. Several toxicological effects were observed in animals administered arsenate in drinking water, but no changes in the disposition of this arsenical were detected at the doses used in this study. JF - Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health AU - Hughes, M F AU - Thompson, D J AD - U.S. EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Lab, Experimental Toxicology Division, MD-74, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 177 EP - 196 VL - 49 IS - 2 SN - 0098-4108, 0098-4108 KW - mice KW - arsenate KW - arsenic KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - metabolism KW - drinking water KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure KW - X 24163:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15852939?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.atitle=Subchronic+dispositional+and+toxicological+effects+of+arsenate+administered+in+drinking+water+to+mice&rft.au=Hughes%2C+M+F%3BThompson%2C+D+J&rft.aulast=Hughes&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=177&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Toxicology+and+Environmental+Health&rft.issn=00984108&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - metabolism; drinking water ER - TY - JOUR T1 - The temporally integrated monitoring of ecosystems (TIME) project design. 2. Detection of regional acidification trends AN - 15843764; 4012003 JF - Water Resources Research AU - Stoddard, J L AU - Urquhart, N S AU - Newell, AD AU - Kugler, D AD - ManTech Environ. Technol., Inc., U.S. EPA, Environ. Res. Lab., Corvallis, OR, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2529 EP - 2538 VL - 32 IS - 8 SN - 1919-2328, 1919-2328 KW - TIME KW - ANC KW - regional analysis KW - variability KW - temporal distribution KW - network design KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - lakes KW - ecosystems KW - USA, Northeast KW - air pollution control KW - neutralization KW - sulfates KW - surface water KW - water sampling KW - acidification KW - streams KW - SW 0850:Lakes KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15843764?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Water+Resources+Research&rft.atitle=The+temporally+integrated+monitoring+of+ecosystems+%28TIME%29+project+design.+2.+Detection+of+regional+acidification+trends&rft.au=Stoddard%2C+J+L%3BUrquhart%2C+N+S%3BNewell%2C+AD%3BKugler%2C+D&rft.aulast=Stoddard&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2529&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Water+Resources+Research&rft.issn=19192328&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - lakes; air pollution control; surface water; regional analysis; water sampling; neutralization; sulfates; variability; ecosystems; temporal distribution; network design; streams; acidification; USA, Northeast ER - TY - CONF T1 - Land use, the climate change action plan, and U.S. Department of Defense forests AN - 15843162; 4010035 AB - The Climate Change Action Plan (CCAP) commits the United States to reducing greenhouse gas emissions to their 1990 levels by the year 2000. Management to improve carbon (C) sequestration by forests may be one way to offset increasing atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations. A forest-inventory model and a forest-carbon model were used to calculate C pools and fluxes for the forests of Camp Shelby - a military training base in Mississippi. Research objectives were to model C pools and fluxes from 1990 through 2040, and to account for on-site and off-site C benefits as they relate to achieving the CCAP in Mississippi. In comparison with conservation management, tree harvesting for merchantable logs, fuelwood, or land-use change decreased C pools and sequestration rates, while reforestation increased C pools and sequestration rates. The production of lumber or fuelwood from the harvested trees contributed to off-site C benefits. However, only fuelwood produced long-term, off-site C benefits adequate to offset on-site C losses from harvesting trees. The reforestation scenario could provide about 1.3% of the C offset needed to obtain the CCAP in Mississippi. JF - GLOBAL WARMING SCIENCE AND POLICY.; WORLD RESOUR. REV. AU - Barker, J R AU - Baumgardner, G A AU - Lee, J J AU - McFarlane, J C Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 VL - pp. 23-35; vol. 8 IS - 1 KW - Pollution Abstracts KW - forests KW - government policies KW - USA KW - greenhouse effect KW - land use KW - climatic changes KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15843162?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GLOBAL+WARMING+SCIENCE+AND+POLICY.%3B+WORLD+RESOUR.+REV.&rft.atitle=Land+use%2C+the+climate+change+action+plan%2C+and+U.S.+Department+of+Defense+forests&rft.au=Barker%2C+J+R%3BBaumgardner%2C+G+A%3BLee%2C+J+J%3BMcFarlane%2C+J+C&rft.aulast=Barker&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=pp.+23-35%3B+vol.+8&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=GLOBAL+WARMING+SCIENCE+AND+POLICY.%3B+WORLD+RESOUR.+REV.&rft.issn=10428011&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Remediating pesticide contaminated soils using solvent extraction AN - 15836506; 4008961 AB - Bench-scale solvent extraction studies were performed on soil samples obtained from a Superfund site contaminated with high levels of p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, p,p'-DDE and toxaphene. The effectiveness of the solvent extraction process was assessed using methanol and 2-propanol as solvents over a wide range of operating conditions. It was demonstrated that a six-stage methanol extraction using a solvent-to-soil ratio of 1.6 can decrease pesticide levels in the soil by more than 99% and reduce the volume of material requiring further treatment by 25 times or more. The high solubility of the pesticides in methanol resulted in rapid extraction rates, with the system reaching quasi-equilibrium state in 30 minutes. The extraction efficiency was influenced by the number of extraction stages, the solvent-to-soil ratio, and the soil moisture content. Various methods were investigated to regenerate and recycle the solvent. Evaporation and solvent stripping are low cost and reliable methods for removing high pesticide concentrations from the solvent. For low concentrations, GAC adsorption may be used. Precipitating and filtering pesticides by adding water to the methanol/pesticide solution was not successful when tested with soil extracts. JF - Environmental Progress AU - Sahle-Demessie, E AU - Meckes, M C AU - Richardson, T L AD - US EPA, Natl. Manage. Res. Lab., MS 489, 26 W. Martin Luther King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 293 EP - 300 VL - 15 IS - 4 SN - 0278-4491, 0278-4491 KW - methanol KW - DDD KW - experimental data KW - soil water KW - solubility KW - solvent extraction KW - Superfund KW - Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - remediation KW - solvents KW - recycling KW - DDE KW - soil contamination KW - DDT KW - pesticides KW - P 5000:LAND POLLUTION KW - SW 3070:Water quality control UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15836506?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Progress&rft.atitle=Remediating+pesticide+contaminated+soils+using+solvent+extraction&rft.au=Sahle-Demessie%2C+E%3BMeckes%2C+M+C%3BRichardson%2C+T+L&rft.aulast=Sahle-Demessie&rft.aufirst=E&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=293&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Progress&rft.issn=02784491&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - methanol; soil contamination; pesticides; remediation; solvents; DDT; DDE; DDD; experimental data; soil water; solubility; recycling; solvent extraction; Superfund ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Kinetics of chromate reduction during naphthalene degradation in a mixed culture AN - 15835861; 256735 AB - A mixed culture of Bacillus sp. K1 and Sphingomonas paucimobilis EPA 505 was exposed to chromate and naphthalene. Batch experiments showed that chromate was reduced and naphthalene was degraded by the mixed culture. Chromate reduction occurred initially at a high rate followed by a decrease in rate until chromate reduction ceased. Chromate reduction decreased in the mixed culture when a lower ratio of S. paucimobilis EPA 505 to Bacillus sp. K1 was utilized. A kinetic model incorporating a term for the cell density ratio is proposed to describe chromate reduction in the mixed culture under both chromate limited and electron donor limited conditions. The validity of the model, and its parameter values, was verified by experimental data generated under a variety of initial population compositions and a broad range of chromate concentrations. The consistent result of experimental data with model predictions implies that the model is useful for evaluating the interactions and the use of mixed culture for chromate removal. JF - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AU - Shen, Hai AU - Hap Pritchard, P AU - Sewell, Guy W AD - U.S. EPA Natl Risk Management Research Lab, Ada, OK, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 357 EP - 363 PB - JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, NEW YORK, NY, (USA) VL - 52 IS - 3 SN - 0006-3592, 0006-3592 KW - Bacillus sp KW - Batch cell culture KW - Cell density ratio KW - Chromates KW - Naphthalene KW - Reaction kinetics KW - Sphingomonas paucimobilis KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Reduction KW - Bacteria KW - Mathematical models KW - Degradation KW - W4 461.2:BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS KW - W4 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 804.2:INORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15835861?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.atitle=Kinetics+of+chromate+reduction+during+naphthalene+degradation+in+a+mixed+culture&rft.au=Shen%2C+Hai%3BHap+Pritchard%2C+P%3BSewell%2C+Guy+W&rft.aulast=Shen&rft.aufirst=Hai&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=52&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=357&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Biotechnology+and+Bioengineering&rft.issn=00063592&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Bacteria; Reduction; Mathematical models; Degradation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Off-target deposition of pesticides from agricultural aerial spray applications AN - 15815617; 253492 AB - The drift of pesticides at the times of aerial spray application is a source of concern due to potential impacts on human health, contamination of crops and livestock, and endangerment of sensitive ecological resources. A substantial body of information from field trials aimed at evaluating off-target deposition of pesticides from aerial spray applications was analyzed. Forty-five trials reported in the literature were extrapolated and normalized and quantitatively compared to trials performed during the summer of 1992 in Plainview, TX by SDTF. Overall, good agreement was observed. JF - Journal of Environmental Quality AU - Bird, Sandra L AU - Esterly, David M AU - Perry, Steven G AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1095 EP - 1104 PB - AMERICAN SOC OF AGRONOMY INC, MADISON, WI, (USA) VL - 25 IS - 5 SN - 0047-2425, 0047-2425 KW - Agricultural aerial spray applications KW - Health hazards KW - Livestock KW - Nozzles KW - Off target deposition KW - Spraying KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Environmental impact KW - Crops KW - Ecology KW - Wind KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 821.3:AGRICULTURAL METHODS KW - EE 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - W4 802.3:CHEMICAL OPERATIONS KW - EE 821.2:AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS KW - W4 821.2:AGRICULTURAL CHEMICALS KW - EE 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - EE 821.3:AGRICULTURAL METHODS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE KW - EE 802.3:CHEMICAL OPERATIONS UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15815617?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.atitle=Off-target+deposition+of+pesticides+from+agricultural+aerial+spray+applications&rft.au=Bird%2C+Sandra+L%3BEsterly%2C+David+M%3BPerry%2C+Steven+G&rft.aulast=Bird&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=25&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=1095&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Journal+of+Environmental+Quality&rft.issn=00472425&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Ecology; Environmental impact; Spraying; Wind; Crops ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Alkaline and neutral hydrolysis of four phenylurea herbicides AN - 15815434; 4005820 AB - The kinetics of hydrolysis of four phenylurea herbicides - fenuron, monuron, diuron and chloroxuron - were measured in aqueous alkaline solutions at temperatures of 64 degree C and 84 degree C and extrapolated to 25 degree C. At hydroxide concentrations greater than or equal to 8.6 x 10 super(-4) mol l super(-1), alkaline hydrolysis dominates but the reaction does not obey second-order kinetics and approaches a maximum value at concentrations > 0.1 mol l super(-1). The kinetic data support a mechanism of reaction proposed previously for the alkaline hydrolysis of trichloro- and trifluoroacetanilides. The mechanism is a hydroxide-ion-promoted equilibrium formation of a reactive tetrahedral intermediate anion that can either revert to the starting compound, decompose to products, or react with a second hydroxide to form a dianion prior to decomposition to products. Statistical analysis of the data suggests that the break-down of the reactive intermediate proceeds entirely via the path in which a second hydroxide removes a proton from the intermediate to yield a dianion that decomposes, whereas the path in which the intermediate breaks down without the assistance of OH super(-) is of no kinetic importance, even at hydroxide concentrations as low as 0.00086 mol l super(-1). Our hydrolysis rate constant measurements suggest that neutral hydrolysis is a major route of environmental degradation of the herbicides. The half-lives in years of the four ureas at 25 degree C and pH 7 are estimated to be 89 for fenuron, 66 for monuron, 41 for diuron, and 41 for chloroxuron. JF - International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry AU - Sabaliunas, D AU - Ellington, J AU - Lekevicius, R AD - US EPA Environ. Res. Div., Athens, GA 30605-2700, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 123 EP - 134 VL - 64 IS - 2 SN - 0306-7319, 0306-7319 KW - Water Resources Abstracts KW - degradation KW - chemical reactions KW - urea pesticides KW - herbicides KW - statistical analysis KW - hydrolysis KW - kinetics KW - fate of pollutants KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15815434?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Awaterresources&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.atitle=Alkaline+and+neutral+hydrolysis+of+four+phenylurea+herbicides&rft.au=Sabaliunas%2C+D%3BEllington%2C+J%3BLekevicius%2C+R&rft.aulast=Sabaliunas&rft.aufirst=D&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Analytical+Chemistry&rft.issn=03067319&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - statistical analysis; herbicides; kinetics; hydrolysis; degradation; chemical reactions; urea pesticides; fate of pollutants ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enantiomeric selectivity in the environmental degradation of dichlorprop as determined by high-performance capillary electrophoresis AN - 15803231; 254414 AB - The chiral herbicide dichlorprop (2,4-dichlorophenoxy-2-propionic acid), which is sold and applied as the racemic mixture, was observed to degrade completely in soil within 31 days, with a half-life of 6.6 d. Degradation occurred with enantiomeric selectivity, indicating biologically mediated reactivity as opposed to strictly abiotic degradation. The S-(-)-isomer degraded significantly faster (T sub(1/2) identical with 4.4 d) than the R-(+)-isomer (t sub(HLF) identical with 8.7 d); this is contrary to other published results that show selective degradation of the R-(+)-enantiomer, although in other media. Soil samples taken from a field plot at increasing time intervals after application of Foxtril, a commercial herbicide formulation, were solvent-extracted and analyzed for total dichlorprop by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE), using an acetate buffer at pH 4.7 Heptakis (2,3,6-tri-O-methyl)- beta -cyclodextrin, a chiral reagent, was then added to the buffer to effect separation of the (+)- and (-)-isomers of dichlorprop. Baseline resolution allowed calculation of relative concentrations (enantiomer ratios) of the two isomers. CZE is a fast and efficient technique for the analysis of ionic organic species (such as the anion of dichlorprop), including their enantiomers, in pesticide formulations as well as in environmental samples. It thus was possible to analyze Foxtril directly after dilution with water for ioxynil (2,6-diiodo-4-cyanophenol) as well as for dichlorprop. Ioxynil also was detected in the soil extract on the day of application. The hydrolysis product [methyl 2-nitro-5-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) benzoic acid] of bifenox methyl ester, another herbicide component of Foxtril, was detected in the soil samples taken at 17 and 31 d. JF - Environmental Science & Technology AU - Garrison, A W AU - Schmitt, P AU - Martens, D AU - Kettrup, A AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Athens, GA, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2449 EP - 2455 PB - ACS, WASHINGTON, DC, (USA) VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - Capillary zone electrophoresis KW - Degradation KW - Dichlorprop KW - Enantiomer ratios KW - Enantiomeric selectivity KW - Environmental engineering KW - Foxtril KW - Hydrolysis products KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Environmental Engineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Electrophoresis KW - Chemical analysis KW - EE 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - EE 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) KW - EE 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - EE 801.1:CHEMISTRY (GENERAL) KW - W4 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - EE 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 801.1:CHEMISTRY (GENERAL) KW - W4 454.1:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING (GENERAL) UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15803231?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.atitle=Enantiomeric+selectivity+in+the+environmental+degradation+of+dichlorprop+as+determined+by+high-performance+capillary+electrophoresis&rft.au=Garrison%2C+A+W%3BSchmitt%2C+P%3BMartens%2C+D%3BKettrup%2C+A&rft.aulast=Garrison&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2449&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+%26+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Electrophoresis; Degradation; Chemical analysis; Environmental engineering ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of biochemically inert insoluble particles by the EPA using rat inhalation data AN - 15781646; 245746 AB - Regulations pertaining to inhalable particulate matter are promulgated primarily by three program offices of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Pollution Prevention and Toxic Substances (OPPTS), Air Quality Planning and Standards (OAQPS), and Mobile Sources (OMS). Risk assessment for these agents are carried out either by the program offices or by the National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA), formerly the Office of Health and Environmental Assessment (OHEA). Particulate matter pollutants within the regulatory domain of OAQPS for which either quantitative or qualitative assessment of cancer risk has been carried out include asbestos, beryllium, cadmium, nickel refinery dust, nickel subsulfide, and ambient particulate matter of less than 10 mu m diameter (PM10). OPPTS has qualitatively evaluated manmade mineral fibers, titanium dioxide, and vermiculite. Asbestos is the only fiber for which cancer quantitation has been carried out. For several of these agents, risk is based upon human data with animal studies providing supporting data. Both qualitative and quantitative assessment of cancer risk from exposure to diesel engine emissions is under development by NCEA for OMS. Quantitative assessment of cancer risk from exposure to this agent is described as an example of EPA's approach to the use of rats for evaluation of cancer risk. The major uncertainties relating to this assessment include the appropriateness of rat data for assessing human risk and the selection of a low-dose extrapolation model. JF - Particulate Science and Technology AU - Pepelko, William E AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 123 EP - 134 PB - TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, LONDON, (ENGL) VL - 14 IS - 2 SN - 0272-6351, 0272-6351 KW - Air quality KW - Air quality planning and standards (OAQPS) KW - Environment Protection Agency (EPA) KW - Exhaust gases KW - Health risks KW - Low dose extrapolation model KW - National Center for Environmental Assessment (NCEA) KW - Particulate emissions KW - Pollution toxic substances KW - Rat inhalation data KW - Soot KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Carcinogens KW - W4 451.2:AIR POLLUTION CONTROL KW - W4 451.1:AIR POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 804.1:ORGANIC COMPOUNDS KW - W4 461:BIOENGINEERING KW - W4 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15781646?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Particulate+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Evaluation+of+the+carcinogenic+risk+of+biochemically+inert+insoluble+particles+by+the+EPA+using+rat+inhalation+data&rft.au=Pepelko%2C+William+E&rft.aulast=Pepelko&rft.aufirst=William&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=2&rft.spage=123&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Particulate+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=02726351&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Carcinogens ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Enrichment of marine sediment colloids with polychlorinated biphenyls: Trends resulting from PCB solubility and chlorination AN - 15776683; 3985394 AB - Colloids have been shown to significantly affect the bioavailability and transport of anthropogenic contaminants in the environment. In this study, the three phase distributions (i.e., dissolved, colloidal, and particulate) of approximately 75 PCB congeners were measured in a marine sediment core from New Bedford Harbor, MA. These distributions are the first report of colloid-PCB interactions in an environmentally contaminated sediment. Colloids <1.2 mu m in size were isolated from interstitial waters using reverse-phase chromatography with size-selected C sub(18). Regardless of solubility or chlorination, the majority of PCBs were associated with the particulate phase. PCBs were distributed in filtered interstitial waters between colloidal and dissolved phases as a function of solubility and degree of chlorination. Interstitial dissolved PCB concentrations generally agreed with literature-reported solubilities. The magnitude of colloid-PCB interactions increased with decreasing PCB solubility and increasing PCB chlorination. Di- and trichlorinated PCBs were approximately 40% and 65% colloidally bound, respectively, while tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-, and octachlorinated PCBs were about 80% colloidally bound. As core depth increased, the magnitude of PCB-colloid interactions also increased. The relationships of organic carbon-normalized colloidal partitioning coefficient (K sub(COC)) to K sub(OW) for several PCB congeners were not linear and suggest that interstitial waters were not equilibrated. Possible explanations for disequilibria include slow colloid-PCB sorption kinetics, steric hindrance, and decreased colloid stability. These data support model laboratory studies that found that most nonpolar high molecular weight organic contaminants present in sediment interstitial waters are colloidally bound and not truly dissolved. JF - Environmental Science and Technology AU - Burgess, R M AU - McKinney, R A AU - Brown, WA AD - U.S. EPA AED, Narragansett, 27 Tarzwell Dr., Narragansett, RI 02882, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 2556 EP - 2566 VL - 30 IS - 8 SN - 0013-936X, 0013-936X KW - ANW, USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - PCB KW - PCB compounds KW - USA, Massachusetts, New Bedford Harbor KW - cores KW - fate KW - fate of pollutants KW - interstitial water KW - marine sediments KW - model studies KW - polychlorinated biphenyls KW - pore water KW - sediment concentration KW - sediment pollution KW - solubility KW - ASFA 3: Aquatic Pollution & Environmental Quality; Oceanic Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - chlorination KW - Marine KW - colloids KW - Q5 08503:Characteristics, behavior and fate KW - P 1000:MARINE POLLUTION KW - SW 3020:Sources and fate of pollution KW - O 4060:Pollution - Environment UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15776683?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aasfaaquaticpollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Enrichment+of+marine+sediment+colloids+with+polychlorinated+biphenyls%3A+Trends+resulting+from+PCB+solubility+and+chlorination&rft.au=Burgess%2C+R+M%3BMcKinney%2C+R+A%3BBrown%2C+WA&rft.aulast=Burgess&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=8&rft.spage=2556&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Science+and+Technology&rft.issn=0013936X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2014-05-06 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - colloids; sediment pollution; chlorination; solubility; pore water; PCB; cores; fate; PCB compounds; model studies; marine sediments; polychlorinated biphenyls; interstitial water; fate of pollutants; sediment concentration; Marine ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Confirmational identification of Escherichia coli, a comparison of genotypic and phenotypic assays for glutamate decarboxylase and beta -D-glucuronidase AN - 15773160; 3978810 AB - Genotypic and phenotypic assays for glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) and beta -D-glucuronidase (GUD) were compared for their abilities to detect various strains of Escherichia coli and to discriminate among other bacterial species. Test strains included nonpathogenic E. coli, three major groups of diarrheagenic E. coli, three other non-coli Escherichia species, and various other gram-negative and -positive bacteria found in water. The genotypic assays were performed with hybridization probes generated by PCR amplification of 670- and 623-bp segments of the gadA/B (GAD) and uidA (GUD) genes, respectively. The GAD enzymes catalyze the alpha -decarboxylation of L-glutamic acid to yield gamma -aminobutyric acid and carbon dioxide, which are detected in the phenotypic assay by a pH-sensitive indicator dye. The phenotypic assay for GUD involves the transformation of 4-methylumbelliferyl- beta -D-glucuronide to the fluorogenic compound 4-methylumbelliferone. The GAD phenotypic assay detected the majority of the E. coli strains tested, whereas a number of these strains, including all representatives of the O157:H7 serotype and several nonpathogenic E. coli strains, gave negative results in the GUD assay. Both phenotypic assays detected some but not all strains from each of the four Shigella species. A strain of Citrobacter freundii was also detected by the GUD assay but not by the GAD assay. All E. coli and Shigella strains were detected with both the gadA/B and uidA probes. A few Escherichia fergusonii strains gave weak hybridization signals in response to both probes at 65 degree C but not at 68 degree C. None of the other bacterial species tested were detected by either probe. These results were consistent with previous reports which have indicated that the GAD phenotypic assay detects a wider range of E. coli strains than does the GUD assay and is also somewhat more specific for this species. The genotypic assays for the two enzymes were found to be equivalent in both of these respects and superior to both of the phenotypic assays in terms of the range of E. coli strains and isolates detected. JF - Applied and Environmental Microbiology AU - McDaniels, A E AU - Rice, E W AU - Reyes, AL AU - Johnson, CH AU - Haugland, R A AU - Stelma, GN Jr AD - National Exposure Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 3350 EP - 3354 VL - 62 IS - 9 SN - 0099-2240, 0099-2240 KW - glutamate decarboxylase KW - b-glucuronidase KW - ^b-glucuronidase KW - beta -glucuronidase KW - Microbiology Abstracts B: Bacteriology; Microbiology Abstracts A: Industrial & Applied Microbiology KW - Escherichia coli KW - typing KW - A 01006:Enzymes & cofactors KW - J 02710:Identification, taxonomy and typing UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15773160?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Amicrobiologyb&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.atitle=Confirmational+identification+of+Escherichia+coli%2C+a+comparison+of+genotypic+and+phenotypic+assays+for+glutamate+decarboxylase+and+beta+-D-glucuronidase&rft.au=McDaniels%2C+A+E%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BReyes%2C+AL%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BHaugland%2C+R+A%3BStelma%2C+GN+Jr&rft.aulast=McDaniels&rft.aufirst=A&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=62&rft.issue=9&rft.spage=3350&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Applied+and+Environmental+Microbiology&rft.issn=00992240&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Escherichia coli; typing ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Technical basis for EPA's proposed regulation on the cleanup of sites contaminated with radioactivity AN - 15763599; 3977689 AB - The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency is proposing a regulation for the protection of the public from radioactive contamination at sites that are to be cleaned up and released for public use. The rule will apply to sites under the control of Federal agencies, and will impose limits on radiation doses to individuals living or working on a site following cleanup; it will thereby provide site owners and managers with uniform, consistent cleanup criteria for planning and carrying out remediation. This paper presents an overview of EPA's approach to assessing some of the beneficial and adverse effects associated with various possible values for the annual dose limit. In particular, it discusses the method developed to determine how the choice of cleanup criterion effects (1) the time-integrated potential numbers of non-fatal and fatal radiogenic cancers averted among future populations, (2) the occurrence of radiogenic cancers among remediation workers and the public caused by the cleanup process itself, and (3) the volumes of contaminated soil that may require remediation. The analytic methods described here were used to provide input data and assumptions for the Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA) that supports the proposed regulation; the RIA also considered non-radiological benefits and costs (i.e., public health, economic, and ecological) of the standards. JF - Health Physics AU - Wolbarst, AB AU - Mauro, J AU - Anigstein, R AU - Back, D AU - Bartlett, J W AU - Beres, D AU - Chan, D AU - Clark, ME AU - Doehnert, M AU - Durman, E AU - Hay, S AU - Hull, H B AU - Lailas, N AU - MacKinney, J AU - Ralston, L AD - US EPA, Off. Radiat. and Indoor Air (6603J), 401 M St., SW, Washington, DC 20460, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 644 EP - 660 VL - 71 IS - 5 SN - 0017-9078, 0017-9078 KW - federal regulations KW - EPA KW - remediation KW - government policy KW - Toxicology Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts KW - radioactivity KW - pollution clean-up KW - legislation KW - USA KW - radioactive pollution KW - cancer KW - X 24230:Legislation & recommended standards KW - P 9000:ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION KW - X 24210:Radiation & radioactive materials UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15763599?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Health+Physics&rft.atitle=Technical+basis+for+EPA%27s+proposed+regulation+on+the+cleanup+of+sites+contaminated+with+radioactivity&rft.au=Wolbarst%2C+AB%3BMauro%2C+J%3BAnigstein%2C+R%3BBack%2C+D%3BBartlett%2C+J+W%3BBeres%2C+D%3BChan%2C+D%3BClark%2C+ME%3BDoehnert%2C+M%3BDurman%2C+E%3BHay%2C+S%3BHull%2C+H+B%3BLailas%2C+N%3BMacKinney%2C+J%3BRalston%2C+L&rft.aulast=Wolbarst&rft.aufirst=AB&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=71&rft.issue=5&rft.spage=644&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Health+Physics&rft.issn=00179078&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - USA; federal regulations; EPA; radioactivity; pollution clean-up; cancer; remediation; radioactive pollution; legislation; government policy ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Tracking a Salmonella serovar typhimurium outbreak in Gideon, Missouri: Role of contaminant propagation modelling AN - 15758116; 3975875 AB - In early December of 1993, a waterborne disease outbreak was identified in Gideon, Missouri (USA). Initially 6-9 cases of diarrhoea were identified at a local nursing home. By 8 January 1994, 31 cases with laboratory confirmed salmonellosis had been identified. Seven nursing home residents exhibiting diarrhoeal illness died, four of whom were culture confirmed. It was estimated that approximately 44% of the 1104 residents, or almost 600 people, were affected with diarrhoea between 11 November and 27 December 1993. A system evaluation was conducted in which a computer model (EPANET) was used to develop scenarios, to explain possible contaminant transport in the Gideon system. It was concluded, based on this analysis, that the outbreak resulted from bird contamination in a municipal water storage tank. JF - Aqua - Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology AU - Clark, R M AU - Geldreich, EE AU - Fox, K R AU - Rice, E W AU - Johnson, CH AU - Goodrich, JA AU - Barnick, JA AU - Abdesaken, F AD - Water Supply and Water Resour. Div., NRMRL, 26 W. Martin L. King Dr., Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 171 EP - 183 VL - 45 IS - 4 SN - 0003-7214, 0003-7214 KW - USA, Missouri, Gideon KW - computer models KW - human diseases KW - municipal water KW - water-borne diseases KW - Aves KW - water supplies KW - Health & Safety Science Abstracts; Pollution Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - birds KW - storage tanks KW - Salmonella KW - contamination KW - P 2000:FRESHWATER POLLUTION KW - SW 3060:Water treatment and distribution KW - H SE3.21:WATER POLLUTION/WATER QUALITY UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15758116?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Apollution&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aqua+-+Journal+of+Water+Supply%3A+Research+and+Technology&rft.atitle=Tracking+a+Salmonella+serovar+typhimurium+outbreak+in+Gideon%2C+Missouri%3A+Role+of+contaminant+propagation+modelling&rft.au=Clark%2C+R+M%3BGeldreich%2C+EE%3BFox%2C+K+R%3BRice%2C+E+W%3BJohnson%2C+CH%3BGoodrich%2C+JA%3BBarnick%2C+JA%3BAbdesaken%2C+F&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=45&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=171&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Aqua+-+Journal+of+Water+Supply%3A+Research+and+Technology&rft.issn=00037214&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Salmonella; computer models; storage tanks; birds; contamination; human diseases; municipal water; water-borne diseases; Aves; water supplies ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Urine mutagenicity and biochemical effects of the drinking water mutagen, 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl) 5-hydroxy-2[5H]-furanone (MX), following repeated oral administration to mice and rats AN - 15756447; 3972824 AB - Mutagenicity analysis of urine from rats treated by oral gavage with MX at a dose of 64 mg/kg for 14 days revealed that only 0.3% of the administered compound was excreted in a genotoxically active form. At lower doses, mutagenicity was not detectable. No evidence of micronucleus induction in peripheral blood erythrocytes was observed in mice treated similarly. These findings indicate that MX is extensively detoxified in vivo and is unlikely to cause genetic damage in systemic tissues except at relatively high doses where detoxification pathways become saturated. In a separate experiment, significant depressions were observed in D-glucaric acid and thioether excretion and in levels of several liver enzymes involved in xenobiotic metabolism. The mechanism for these metabolic alterations and their relevance to the in vivo metabolism of the compound require further investigation. JF - Toxicology AU - Meier, J R AU - Monarca, S AU - Patterson, K S AU - Villarini, M AU - Daniel, F B AU - Moretti, M AU - Pasquini, R AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 26 West Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45268, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 59 EP - 70 VL - 110 IS - 1-3 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl) 5-hydroxy-2[5H]-furanone KW - Genetics Abstracts; Toxicology Abstracts KW - chlorination KW - drinking water KW - mutagenicity KW - X 24120:Food, additives & contaminants KW - G 07221:Specific chemicals UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15756447?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Urine+mutagenicity+and+biochemical+effects+of+the+drinking+water+mutagen%2C+3-chloro-4-%28dichloromethyl%29+5-hydroxy-2%5B5H%5D-furanone+%28MX%29%2C+following+repeated+oral+administration+to+mice+and+rats&rft.au=Meier%2C+J+R%3BMonarca%2C+S%3BPatterson%2C+K+S%3BVillarini%2C+M%3BDaniel%2C+F+B%3BMoretti%2C+M%3BPasquini%2C+R&rft.aulast=Meier&rft.aufirst=J&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=110&rft.issue=1-3&rft.spage=59&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - mutagenicity; drinking water; chlorination ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Chronic developmental lead exposure increases the threshold for long-term potentiation in rat dentate gyrus in vivo AN - 15756437; 3977088 AB - Chronic developmental lead (Pb) exposure has been long associated with cognitive dysfunction in children and animals. In an attempt to more directly relate the behavioral observations of impaired cognitive ability to Pb-induced effects on neuronal activity, we utilized the long-term potentiation (LTP) model of neural plasticity to assess synaptic function. Male rats were chronically exposed to 0.2% Pb2+-acetate through the drinking water of the pregnant dam, and directly through their own water supply at weaning. As adults, field potentials evoked by perforant path stimulation were recorded in the dentate gyrus under urethane anesthesia. LTP threshold was determined by applying a series of stimulus trains of increasing intensities. Baseline testing of dentate gyrus field potentials indicated that input/output functions, maximal response amplitudes, and threshold currents required to evoke a population spike (PS) did not differ for control and Pb-exposed animals. Despite similarities in baseline synaptic transmission, Pb-exposed animals required a higher train intensity to evoke LTP than controls. With maximal train stimulation, however, control and Pb animals exhibited comparable levels of potentiation. These findings suggest that the mechanisms of LTP induction are preferentially impaired by Pb exposure. Although baseline synaptic transmission was not altered in Pb-exposed animals, decreases in glutamate release following high K+ perfusion and reductions in paired pulse facilitation have been reported in the intact animal. Pb-induced reductions in calcium influx through voltage-sensitive or N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-dependent channels may mediate increases in LTP threshold. It is possible that the threshold changes in the induction of LTP reported here contribute to cognitive impairments associated with Pb exposure. JF - Brain Research AU - Gilbert, ME AU - Mack, C M AU - Lasley, S M AD - National Research Council, US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 118 EP - 124 PB - ELSEVIER SCIENCE B.V. VL - 736 IS - 1-2 SN - 0006-8993, 0006-8993 KW - long-term potentiation KW - lead KW - rats KW - Toxicology Abstracts; CSA Neurosciences Abstracts KW - dentate gyrus KW - neurotoxicity KW - hippocampus KW - learning behavior KW - memory KW - N3 11104:Mammals (except primates) KW - X 24162:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15756437?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Brain+Research&rft.atitle=Chronic+developmental+lead+exposure+increases+the+threshold+for+long-term+potentiation+in+rat+dentate+gyrus+in+vivo&rft.au=Gilbert%2C+ME%3BMack%2C+C+M%3BLasley%2C+S+M&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=ME&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=736&rft.issue=1-2&rft.spage=118&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Brain+Research&rft.issn=00068993&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - dentate gyrus; hippocampus; neurotoxicity; learning behavior; memory ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Landscape-level ecological regions: Linking state-level ecoregion frameworks with stream habitat classifications AN - 15755298; 3978316 AB - Regionalization is a form of spatial classification, where boundaries are drawn around areas that are relatively homogeneous in landscape characteristics. The process of delineating ecological regions, or ecoregions, includes the analysis of ecosystem structure. To date, ecoregions have been developed at national and state scales for research and resource management. Stream classification is another method to order the variability of aquatic habitats that spans spatial scales from microhabitat to valley segment. In this study, landscape-level ecoregions are developed for the upper Grande Ronde River basin in northeastern Oregon, 3000 sq km in area. The ecoregion framework presented here is proposed to bridge the gap between stream habitat and state-level ecoregion classifications. Classification at this scale is meant to address issues of management at local scales: to aid in sampling design, in extrapolation of the results of site-specific studies, and in the development of best management practices that are more predictive of ecosystem response than current methods. JF - Environmental Management AU - Bryce, SA AU - Clarke, SE AD - Dynamac Intl., Inc., US EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 S.W. 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 297 EP - 311 VL - 20 IS - 3 SN - 0364-152X, 0364-152X KW - ecosystem analysis KW - ecosystem structure KW - classification systems KW - stream biota KW - aquatic habitats KW - Water Resources Abstracts; Ecology Abstracts KW - ecosystems KW - sampling KW - classification KW - USA, Oregon KW - D 04700:Management KW - SW 5080:Evaluation, processing and publication KW - D 04099:Ecosystem studies - general UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15755298?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Management&rft.atitle=Landscape-level+ecological+regions%3A+Linking+state-level+ecoregion+frameworks+with+stream+habitat+classifications&rft.au=Bryce%2C+SA%3BClarke%2C+SE&rft.aulast=Bryce&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=297&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environmental+Management&rft.issn=0364152X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - stream biota; classification; ecosystems; aquatic habitats; sampling; USA, Oregon; ecosystem analysis; ecosystem structure; classification systems ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Super hormones AN - 15749787; 3972573 AB - The glycoprotein hormones are a group of evolutionarily conserved hormones involved in the regulation of reproduction and metabolism. They are present in species as diverse as eels and humans. This family of hormones includes the gonadotropins follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) as well as thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)--all produced in the pituitary gland--and chorionic gonadotropin (CG), produced in the placentas of horses, higher apes, and humans. All of them are heterodimers, consisting of an alpha -subunit ( similar to 15 kDa) and a beta -subunit (20-25 kDa), held together by tight hydrophobic bonds. Formation of the heterodimer is necessary for full biological activity. All of these hormones share, within a given species, a common alpha -subunit and a beta -subunit that is specific for each hormone. JF - Nature Biotechnology AU - Ruddon, R W AD - Corporate Office of Science and Technology, Johnson & Johnson, 410 George Street, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1224 VL - 14 IS - 10 SN - 1087-0156, 1087-0156 KW - chorionic gonadotropin KW - glycoprotein hormones KW - thyroid-stimulating hormone KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Biochemistry Abstracts 2: Nucleic Acids; Medical and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Abstracts KW - reviews KW - metabolism KW - site-directed mutagenesis KW - reproduction KW - N 14100:Reviews KW - N 14681:Mutagenesis techniques KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W3 33000:General topics and reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15749787?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.atitle=Super+hormones&rft.au=Ruddon%2C+R+W&rft.aulast=Ruddon&rft.aufirst=R&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=14&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=1224&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Nature+Biotechnology&rft.issn=10870156&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - reviews; metabolism; site-directed mutagenesis; reproduction ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Acute exposure of female hamsters to carbendazim (MBC) during meiosis results in aneuploid oocytes with subsequent arrest of embryonic cleavage and implantation AN - 15749115; 3972827 AB - A single oral dose of the fungicide and microtubule poison, MBC, administered to female hamsters at proestrus, results in infertility and early pregnancy loss (1). To characterize the site and mode of action of this effect, direct assessments of oocyte chromosomes, fertilization, and preimplantation embryo development were made. Female hamsters were given a single dose of MBC (1000 mg/kg) on the afternoon of proestrus (to coincide with meiotic maturation of the oocytes) and either killed shortly after ovulation (day 1) to recover oocytes, or bred and killed on gestation day (gd) 1 to 5 of pregnancy to assess fertilization and preimplantation embryo development and enumerate early implantation sites. Chromosome analysis in unfertilized oocytes revealed an MBC-induced increase in aneuploidy (37 vs. 14% in controls). When animals were bred after dosing, MBC had no effect on the number of oocytes recovered or fertilized. However, significant increases were found in the proportion of embryos that failed to reach the expected stage of development, namely, the eight-cell stage on the afternoon of gd 3, the morula stage by the morning of gd 4, and the blastocyst stage by the afternoon of gd 4 (a time when some embryos have implanted). The mean number of implantation sites, revealed by Evans Blue staining, was also significantly lower in treated females on the afternoon of gd 4 and the morning of gd 5. These simple direct assessments elucidated a mechanism of MBC-induced early pregnancy loss, induction of aneuploidy in oocytes. They also ruled out an effect on fertilization, but demonstrated a subsequent arrest of preimplantation embryonic development accompanied by a decrease in the likelihood of implantation. JF - Reproductive Toxicology AU - Jeffay, S C AU - Libbus, B L AU - Barbee, R R AU - Perreault, S D AD - Darney, MD-72, NHEERL, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 183 EP - 189 PB - ELSEVIER VL - 10 IS - 3 SN - 0890-6238, 0890-6238 KW - carbendazim KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - meiosis KW - embryos KW - oocytes KW - fungicides KW - implantation KW - aneuploidy KW - pesticides KW - X 24131:Acute exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15749115?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Acute+exposure+of+female+hamsters+to+carbendazim+%28MBC%29+during+meiosis+results+in+aneuploid+oocytes+with+subsequent+arrest+of+embryonic+cleavage+and+implantation&rft.au=Jeffay%2C+S+C%3BLibbus%2C+B+L%3BBarbee%2C+R+R%3BPerreault%2C+S+D&rft.aulast=Jeffay&rft.aufirst=S&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=183&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Reproductive+Toxicology&rft.issn=08906238&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - pesticides; fungicides; oocytes; aneuploidy; meiosis; embryos; implantation ER - TY - JOUR T1 - A carbon budget for Brazil: Influence of future land-use change AN - 15747301; 3974731 AB - Because of its large area of high C density forests and high deforestation rate, Brazil may play an important role in the global C cycle. The study reported here developed an estimate of Brazil's biotic CO sub(2)-C budget for the period 1990-2010. The analysis used a spreadsheet C accounting model based on three major components: a conceptual model of ecosystem C cycling, a recently completed vegetation classification developed from remote-sensing data, and published estimates of C density for each of the vegetation classes. The dynamics of the model came from estimates of disturbance to ecosystems that release C and estimates of recovery from past disturbance that store C. The model was projected into the future with three alternative estimates of the rate of future land use change. Under all three deforestation scenarios Brazil was a C source in the range of about 3-5 x 10 super(9) MgC over the 20-yr study period. JF - Climatic Change AU - Schroeder, P AD - ManTech Environ. Res. Serv. Corp., U.S. EPA Environ. Res. Lab., 200 SW 35th St., Corvallis, OR 97333, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 369 EP - 383 VL - 33 IS - 3 SN - 0165-0009, 0165-0009 KW - carbon KW - computer models KW - models KW - Ecology Abstracts; Water Resources Abstracts KW - forests KW - forestry KW - ecosystems KW - Brazil KW - projections KW - carbon cycle KW - land use KW - remote sensing KW - SW 0810:General KW - D 04003:Modeling, mathematics, computer applications UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15747301?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Aecology&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Climatic+Change&rft.atitle=A+carbon+budget+for+Brazil%3A+Influence+of+future+land-use+change&rft.au=Schroeder%2C+P&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=P&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=369&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Climatic+Change&rft.issn=01650009&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - SuppNotes - Special section on geoengineering. N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - land use; carbon cycle; carbon; computer models; ecosystems; forestry; forests; remote sensing; projections; Brazil; models ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Simulation study of the influence of study design on the estimation of benchmark doses for developmental toxicity AN - 15747169; 233635 AB - The benchmark dose (BMD) approach is emerging as replacement to determination of the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) in noncancer risk assessment. This possibility raises the issue as to whether current study designs for endpoints such as developmental toxicity, optimized for detecting pair wise comparisons, could be improved for the purpose of calculating BMDs. This paper examines various aspects of study design on BMDs for two endpoints of developmental toxicity. Design performance was judged by the mean-squared error of the maximum likelihood estimate from the log-logistic model of the 5% added risk level, as well as by the length of its 95% confidence interval. JF - Risk Analysis AU - Kavlock, Robert J AU - Schmid, Judith E AU - Setzer, RWoodrow Jr AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 399 EP - 410 PB - PLENUM PUBL CORP, NEW YORK, NY, (USA) VL - 16 IS - 3 SN - 0272-4332, 0272-4332 KW - Benchmark dose KW - Calculations KW - Computer simulation KW - Developmental toxicity KW - Dose response KW - Drug dosage KW - Estimation KW - Log logistic model KW - Maximum likelihood estimate KW - Mean square error KW - Study design KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Mathematical models KW - Standards KW - Optimization KW - W4 921.5:OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES KW - W4 921.6:NUMERICAL METHODS KW - W4 461.6:MEDICINE KW - W4 914.1:ACCIDENTS AND ACCIDENT PREVENTION KW - W4 723.5:COMPUTER APPLICATIONS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15747169?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Risk+Analysis&rft.atitle=Simulation+study+of+the+influence+of+study+design+on+the+estimation+of+benchmark+doses+for+developmental+toxicity&rft.au=Kavlock%2C+Robert+J%3BSchmid%2C+Judith+E%3BSetzer%2C+RWoodrow+Jr&rft.aulast=Kavlock&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=399&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Risk+Analysis&rft.issn=02724332&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Mathematical models; Standards; Optimization ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Repeated high dose oral exposure or continuous subcutaneous infusion of 2-methoxyacetic acid does not suppress humoral immunity in the mouse AN - 15743671; 3973160 AB - 2-Methoxyethanol (ME) has been shown to be immunosuppressive in rats but not mice, with oxidation of ME to 2-methoxyacetic acid (MAA) being a prerequisite for immunosuppression. MAA is more rapidly cleared by mice than rats, consequently this study was designed to determine if increasing the bioavailability of MAA in mice might play a role in this species difference. Female B6C3F1 mice were given MAA by oral multiple daily high doses or by continuous subcutaneous infusion via mini-osmotic pumps. Humoral immunity was evaluated in MAA-exposed mice using the plaque-forming cell (PFC) response to either sheep red blood cells (SRBC) or trinitrophenyl-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS). Female F344 rats were also used to compare the effects of multiple daily MAA exposure on these humoral immune responses. Rats and mice were dosed orally twice a day for 4 days by gavage with MAA at dosages ranging from 40-320 mg/kg/day and 240-1920 mg/kg/day, respectively. All animals were immunized on the first day of dosing and body and lymphoid organ weights and PFC responses to SRBC or TNP-LPS were evaluated 4 days later. While body weights in rats were unaffected, thymus weights were reduced at all dosages of MAA and spleen weights were reduced at 160 or 320 mg/kg/day. PFC responses to SRBC and TNP-LPS were suppressed in rats at dosages of 160 and 320 mg/kg/day. In contrast, thymus weights of mice were reduced only at 960 mg/kg/day or greater, with no effect on spleen or body weights. Furthermore, neither the PFC response to SRBC nor the response to TNP-LPS was suppressed in mice exposed to any oral dosage of MAA. In the continuous infusion study, mice were subcutaneously implanted with mini-osmotic pumps containing MAA which was delivered at 840 mg/kg/day over a 7-day period. Continuous exposure to MAA via mini-osmotic pumps did not suppress the PFC response to either SRBC or TNP-LPS, but rather significantly enhanced the response to TNP-LPS. These results indicate that mice are insensitive to MAA even at the high dosages given as a bolus or continuously over 1 week. The data further support earlier work, which suggested that the observed difference between rats and mice for MAA-induced immunosuppression appears to be unrelated to the availability of MAA to target lymphoid tissue in these rodent species. JF - Toxicology AU - Riddle, M M AU - Williams, W C AU - Smialowicz, R J AD - National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 67 EP - 74 VL - 109 IS - 1 SN - 0300-483X, 0300-483X KW - 2-methoxyacetic acid KW - mice KW - methyl cellosolve KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - immune response (humoral) KW - X 24152:Chronic exposure UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15743671?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toxicology&rft.atitle=Repeated+high+dose+oral+exposure+or+continuous+subcutaneous+infusion+of+2-methoxyacetic+acid+does+not+suppress+humoral+immunity+in+the+mouse&rft.au=Riddle%2C+M+M%3BWilliams%2C+W+C%3BSmialowicz%2C+R+J&rft.aulast=Riddle&rft.aufirst=M&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=109&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=67&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Toxicology&rft.issn=0300483X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - immune response (humoral) ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Conformational aspects of glutathione conjugates of chlorinated alkenes: A computational study AN - 15742000; 3973134 AB - The nephrotoxicity of halogenated alkenes is due to the beta -lyase mediated bioactivation of the hepatic glutathione (GS) conjugate to mutagenic or cytotoxic reactive species in kidney. Experimental evidence obtained for regioisomers and geometric isomers of haloalkene GS conjugates indicates that different isomers may be metabolized and excreted at different rates, follow different metabolic pathways, and exhibit different toxicities. Computational methods were applied in the present work to a conformational study of GS-haloalkene conjugates to determine the relative stabilities of possible regioisomers and geometric isomers of the conjugates. The halogenated alkenes studied were 1,1,2-trichloroethylene (TCE), hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD), and 1,1,2-trichloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene (TCTFP). Calculated energies of GS conjugate products were used to approximately infer relative product abundance under synthetic and in vivo conditions. This approach neglects differential solvent effects and enzyme selectivity and assumes a late transition state for GS conjugation and/or some thermodynamic control of the conjugation process. Relative population predictions of GS conjugate isomers, based on computed energies, were in agreement with experimental synthetic and in vivo isomer determinations in the case of TCE, where careful analytical characterization of the isomers was definitive. In the case of HCBD, where analytical determinations were not performed and isomer assignments were based on general reactivity concepts, calculations from the present study supported one GS conjugate isomer assignment and disagreed with the other. Finally, in the case of TCTFP, the calculations predicted that three isomers would have similar populations, whereas only two were detected in the experimental study. JF - Chemical Research in Toxicology AU - Shim, J-Y AU - Richard, A M AD - MD-68, US-EPA, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 667 EP - 675 VL - 9 IS - 3 SN - 0893-228X, 0893-228X KW - glutathione KW - chlorinated alkenes KW - Toxicology Abstracts KW - chlorinated hydrocarbons KW - X 24153:Metabolism UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15742000?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Atoxicologyabstracts&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.atitle=Conformational+aspects+of+glutathione+conjugates+of+chlorinated+alkenes%3A+A+computational+study&rft.au=Shim%2C+J-Y%3BRichard%2C+A+M&rft.aulast=Shim&rft.aufirst=J-Y&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=667&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Chemical+Research+in+Toxicology&rft.issn=0893228X&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-13 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - chlorinated hydrocarbons ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Assessment of fungal (penicillium chrysogenum) growth on three HVAC duct materials AN - 15741042; 232801 AB - Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the susceptibility of three types of ventilation duct materials (fibrous glass ductboard, galvanized steel, and insulated flexible duct) to fungal (P. chrysogenum) growth. Each sample was inoculated with spores of P. chrysogenum and incubated in a static chamber controlled at 97% relative humidity (RH) and 21 degree C for six weeks. Culturable spores on each sample were enumerated before and after incubation to determine the extent of fungal amplification. Experimental results suggest that dust accumulation and/or high humidity should be properly controlled in any HVAC duct to prevent the growth of P. chrysogenum. JF - Environment International AU - Chang, John CS AU - Foarde, Karin K AU - VanOsdell, Douglas W AD - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 425 EP - 431 PB - PERGAMON PRESS INC, TARRYTOWN, NY, (USA) VL - 22 IS - 4 SN - 0160-4120, 0160-4120 KW - Air conditioning ducts KW - Air quality KW - Atmospheric humidity KW - Fibrous glass ductboard KW - Galvanized steel KW - Glass fibers KW - Health hazards KW - Incubation KW - Indoor air quality KW - Inoculation KW - Insulated flexible duct KW - Penicillium chrysogenum KW - Soiling KW - Space heating KW - Spare emissions KW - Ventilation ducts KW - Wetting KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Contamination KW - Cell culture KW - Steel KW - Dust KW - W4 643.5:VENTILATION KW - W4 461.9:BIOLOGY KW - W4 643.1:SPACE HEATING KW - W4 443.1:ATMOSPHERIC PROPERTIES KW - W4 619.1:PIPE, PIPING AND PIPELINES KW - W4 643.4:AIR CONDITIONING EQUIPMENT AND COMPONENTS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15741042?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Environment+International&rft.atitle=Assessment+of+fungal+%28penicillium+chrysogenum%29+growth+on+three+HVAC+duct+materials&rft.au=Chang%2C+John+CS%3BFoarde%2C+Karin+K%3BVanOsdell%2C+Douglas+W&rft.aulast=Chang&rft.aufirst=John&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=4&rft.spage=425&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Environment+International&rft.issn=01604120&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Contamination; Cell culture; Steel; Dust ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Status of EPA's bioresponse-based testing program AN - 15739466; 229663 AB - Research and development has been supported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) since 1990 to investigate the feasibility of using biological methods based on human, animal, or in vitro responses to characterize sources of indoor air emissions. The `bioresponse' methods being evaluated measure odor and sensory irritation of mucosal tissues in the eyes, nose, and upper airways. Chambers for creating controlled emissions from sources are basically the same as have been used for traditional studies of emission rates and chemical compositions. Studies of human subject responses to known odorous or sensory irritant chemicals using nose-only, eye-only, facial, and whole-body exposures are providing baseline data against which animal and in vitro results will be validated. The animal and in vitro methods being investigated measure changes in respiratory patterns and chemosensory evoked potentials. The status of current and future projects is reported. JF - ASTM Special Technical Publication AU - Tucker, WGene AU - Hudnell, HKenneth AU - Mason, Mark A AD - US Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 321 EP - 330 IS - 1287 SN - 0066-0558, 0066-0558 KW - Air quality KW - Bioresponse KW - Emissions testing KW - Health risks KW - Particulate emissions KW - Physiological models KW - Sensory irritation KW - Sensory perception KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Environmental chambers KW - W4 454:ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING KW - W4 451:AIR POLLUTION KW - W4 461.4:HUMAN ENGINEERING KW - W4 451.1:AIR POLLUTION SOURCES KW - W4 461.1:BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15739466?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication&rft.atitle=Status+of+EPA%27s+bioresponse-based+testing+program&rft.au=Tucker%2C+WGene%3BHudnell%2C+HKenneth%3BMason%2C+Mark+A&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=WGene&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=&rft.issue=1287&rft.spage=321&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=ASTM+Special+Technical+Publication&rft.issn=00660558&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Environmental chambers ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Laboratory study of biodegradation of lubricating oils in aquatic environments AN - 15734602; 226721 AB - A study on biodegradation of five different types of lubricating oils in aquatic environment has been completed in the laboratory and a methodology has been developed. The results show that the light oils were degraded readily; however, the removal rates were low. Up to 36% removal for the selected lubricating oils were achieved biologically after 70 days of operation. The overall removal of lubricating oils in this study could be expressed by first-order kinetics and the overall rate constants ranged from 0.0056 to 0.0084 1/day. This study indicated that the removal of the heavy oils by an abiotic process was higher than that in the light ones. JF - International Journal of Environmental Studies AU - Yongming, Xie AU - Sien, Sun AU - Zhenkui, Wang AU - Xiufen, Liu AU - Biswas, N AU - Bewtra, J K AD - Natl Environmental Protection Agency, Beijing, China Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 1 EP - 16 PB - GORDON & BREACH SCIENCE PUBL INC, NEWARK, NJ, (USA) VL - 50 IS - 1 SN - 0020-7233, 0020-7233 KW - Abiotic process KW - Aquatic environment KW - Chemicals removal (water treatment) KW - Environmental engineering KW - Reaction kinetics KW - Surface waters KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Biodegradation KW - Ecosystems KW - Microorganisms KW - Environmental protection KW - Water pollution KW - W4 802.2:CHEMICAL REACTIONS KW - W4 607.1:LUBRICANTS KW - W4 461.8:BIOTECHNOLOGY KW - W4 454.3:ECOLOGY AND ECOSYSTEMS KW - W4 452.3:INDUSTRIAL WASTES KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 444.1:SURFACE WATER UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15734602?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.atitle=Laboratory+study+of+biodegradation+of+lubricating+oils+in+aquatic+environments&rft.au=Yongming%2C+Xie%3BSien%2C+Sun%3BZhenkui%2C+Wang%3BXiufen%2C+Liu%3BBiswas%2C+N%3BBewtra%2C+J+K&rft.aulast=Yongming&rft.aufirst=Xie&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=50&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=1&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=International+Journal+of+Environmental+Studies&rft.issn=00207233&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Biodegradation; Ecosystems; Microorganisms; Water pollution; Environmental protection ER - TY - JOUR T1 - EPA's research AN - 15733869; 226805 AB - The Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Office of Research and Development conducts research to aid the mission of EPA. In the past year, ORD initiated some of the most dramatic changes in EPA's history. ORD realigned EPA's organizational structure to use risk assessment and management as the main structural and priority-setting criteria. To simulate cutting edge research in areas vital to EPA, ORD strengthened its interaction with the larger scientific community by expanding its competitive extramural grants and fellowship program. Scientific peer review has been intensified to ensure its scientific and engineering research meets high standards of excellence. The implications of engineering and risk management research in EPA are discussed. JF - Military Engineer AU - Oppelt, ETimothy AD - Environmental Protection Agency Y1 - 1996 PY - 1996 DA - 1996 SP - 39 EP - 41 PB - SOC OF AMERICAN MILITARY ENGINEERS, ALEXANDRIA, VA, (USA) VL - 88 IS - 578 SN - 0026-3982, 0026-3982 KW - Drinking water disinfection KW - Endocrine disrupters KW - Engineering research KW - Environmental pollutants KW - Environmental protection agency KW - Health care KW - Health risks KW - Human health KW - Risk based criteria KW - Biotechnology and Bioengineering Abstracts; Bioengineering Abstracts KW - Risk assessment KW - Disinfection KW - Ecosystems KW - Water treatment KW - Impurities KW - Environmental impact KW - Environmental protection KW - Pollution KW - Pollution control KW - W4 454.2:ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND PROTECTION KW - W4 901.3:ENGINEERING RESEARCH KW - W4 404.1:MILITARY ENGINEERING KW - W4 454.3:ECOLOGY AND ECOSYSTEMS KW - W 30965:Miscellaneous, Reviews KW - W4 461.7:HEALTH CARE UR - http://libproxy.lib.unc.edu/login?url=http://search.proquest.com/docview/15733869?accountid=14244 L2 - http://vb3lk7eb4t.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&rfr_id=info:sid/ProQ%3Abiotechresearch&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Military+Engineer&rft.atitle=EPA%27s+research&rft.au=Oppelt%2C+ETimothy&rft.aulast=Oppelt&rft.aufirst=ETimothy&rft.date=1996-01-01&rft.volume=88&rft.issue=578&rft.spage=39&rft.isbn=&rft.btitle=&rft.title=Military+Engineer&rft.issn=00263982&rft_id=info:doi/ LA - English DB - ProQuest Environmental Science Collection N1 - Date revised - 2006-11-01 N1 - Last updated - 2011-12-14 N1 - SubjectsTermNotLitGenreText - Risk assessment; Disinfection; Water treatment; Ecosystems; Impurities; Environmental impact; Pollution; Environmental protection; Pollution control ER - TY - JOUR T1 - Design and characterization of a small chamber for chemical and biological evaluation of sources of indoor air contamination AN - 15